appf-20231026
0001433195false00014331952023-10-262023-10-26

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): October 26, 2023
AppFolio, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation)
001-3746826-0359894
(Commission File Number)(IRS Employer Identification Number)
70 Castilian Drive
Santa Barbara, CA 93117
(Address of principal executive offices)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (805) 364-6093
N/A
(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
☐Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
☐Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
☐Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
☐Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading SymbolName of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock, $0.0001 par valueAPPFNASDAQ Global Market


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).
 
Emerging growth company ☐
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐


Item 2.02. Results of Operations and Financial Condition.
On October 26, 2023, AppFolio, Inc. (the “Company”) issued a press release announcing its financial results for its third quarter ended June 30, 2023. A copy of the press release is attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1 and is incorporated herein by reference.
The information contained in this Item 2.02, including the press release attached as Exhibit 99.1 hereto, is being furnished and shall not be deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or otherwise subject to the liability of that Section. Such information shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference in any filing of the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing, except as otherwise expressly set forth by specific reference in such a filing.

Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits.
(d) Exhibits:
Exhibit Number
Description
99.1
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)



SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
Date: October 26, 2023AppFolio, Inc.
By: /s/ Fay Sien Goon
Name: Fay Sien Goon
Title: Chief Financial Officer















primary-inc_wordmark.jpg



AppFolio, Inc. Announces Third Quarter Financial Results
Revenue grows 32%; profitability expands

SANTA BARBARA, Calif., October 26, 2023 -- AppFolio, Inc. (NASDAQ: APPF) ("AppFolio" or the "Company"), a cloud-based technology platform built for the real estate industry, today announced its financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2023.

"AppFolio's third quarter profitable revenue growth reflects our commitment to delivering industry leading innovation, while being disciplined in our execution," said Shane Trigg, President and CEO, AppFolio. "We continue to be focused on creating exceptional value that powers the future of the real estate industry and sets our customers apart from the rest."

Financial Highlights
•Revenue: Total revenue was $165.4 million in Q3 2023, a 32% increase from $125.1 million in the Q3 2022.
•Units Served: Total units on the AppFolio Property Manager platform increased to approximately 7.8 million in Q3 2023 from approximately 7.1 million at the end of Q3 2022.
•Income (Loss) from Operations: GAAP loss from operations in Q3 2023 was ($0.1 million), or (0%) of revenue, compared to a loss from operations of ($7.8 million), or (6.3%) of revenue, in the same quarter of 2022. Non-GAAP income from operations in Q3 2023 was $26.7 million, or 16.1% of revenue, compared to $4.7 million, or 3.7% of revenue, in Q3 2022.
•Cash Flow: Non-GAAP free cash flow was $33.6 million, or 20.3% of revenue, in Q3 2023, compared to $11.9 million, or 9.5% of revenue, in the same quarter of 2022.

Financial Outlook
Based on information available as of October 26, 2023, AppFolio's outlook for fiscal year 2023 follows:
•Full year revenue is expected to be in the range of $608 million to $612 million.
•Full year non-GAAP operating margin as a percentage of revenue is expected to be in the range of 10.5% to 11.0%.
•Full year non-GAAP free cash flow margin as a percentage of revenue is expected to be in the range of 10.5% to 11.5%.
•Weighted average shares outstanding are expected to be approximately 36 million for the full year.




Conference Call Information
As previously announced, the Company will host a conference call today, October 26, 2023, at 2:00 p.m. Pacific Time (PT), 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time (ET), to discuss the company’s third quarter 2023 financial results. A live webcast of the call will be available at: https://edge.media-server.com/mmc/p/y8bj2sxd. To access the call by phone, please go to the following link: https://register.vevent.com/register/BIf07eb38911d14309a2004ff019fac57f, and you will be provided with dial in details. A replay of the webcast will also be available for a limited time on AppFolio’s Investor Relations website at https://ir.appfolioinc.com/news-events/events.

The Company also provides announcements regarding its financial results and other matters, including SEC filings, investor events, and press releases, on its Investor Relations website at https://ir.appfolioinc.com/, as a means of disclosing material nonpublic information and for complying with AppFolio's disclosure obligations under Regulation FD.

About AppFolio, Inc.
AppFolio is a cloud-based technology platform built for the real estate industry. Our solutions enable our customers to digitally transform their businesses, address critical business operations and deliver a better customer experience. For more information about AppFolio, visit ir.appfolioinc.com.

Investor Relations Contact:
Lori Barker
[email protected]

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Reconciliations of non-GAAP financial measures to AppFolio’s financial results as determined in accordance with GAAP are included at the end of this press release following the accompanying financial data. For a description of these non-GAAP financial measures, including the reasons management uses each measure, please see the section of the tables titled “Statement Regarding the Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

Forward-Looking Statements
This press release contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which statements are subject to considerable risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not statements of historical fact contained in this press release, and can be identified by words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “predicts, “projects,” “seeks,” “should,” “will,” “would” or similar expressions and the negatives of those expressions. In particular, forward-looking statements contained in this press release relate to future operating results and financial position, including the Company's fiscal year 2023 financial outlook, anticipated future expenses and investments, the Company's business opportunities, and the impact of the Company's strategic actions and initiatives.




Forward-looking statements represent AppFolio's current beliefs and assumptions based on information currently available. Forward-looking statements involve numerous known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the Company's actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Some of the risks and uncertainties that may cause the Company's actual results to materially differ from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements are described in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in AppFolio's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, which was filed with the SEC on February 9, 2023, as well as in the Company's other filings with the SEC. You should read this press release with the understanding that the Company's actual future results may be materially different from the results expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements.

Except as required by applicable law or the rules of the NASDAQ Global Market, AppFolio assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements publicly or to update the reasons actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future.






CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(UNAUDITED)
(in thousands)
 September 30,
2023		December 31,
2022
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents$59,937 $70,769 
Investment securities—current131,589 89,297 
Accounts receivable, net20,359 16,503 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets27,992 24,899 
Total current assets239,877 201,468 
Investment securities—noncurrent— 25,161 
Property and equipment, net27,132 26,110 
Operating lease right-of-use assets19,799 23,485 
Capitalized software development costs, net24,021 35,315 
Goodwill56,060 56,060 
Intangible assets, net2,976 4,833 
Other long-term assets8,735 8,785 
Total assets$378,600 $381,217 
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities
Accounts payable$1,350 $2,473 
Accrued employee expenses42,093 34,376 
Accrued expenses19,979 15,601 
Other current liabilities10,725 8,893 
Total current liabilities74,147 61,343 
Operating lease liabilities41,108 50,237 
Other liabilities689 4,091 
Stockholders’ equity262,656 265,546 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$378,600 $381,217 




CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(UNAUDITED)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 2023202220232022
Revenue(1)
$165,440 $125,079 $448,615 $347,825 
Costs and operating expenses:
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)(2)
62,739 50,707 176,801 141,484 
Sales and marketing(2)
29,701 25,644 86,101 77,558 
Research and product development(2)
41,592 28,959 116,517 79,966 
General and administrative(2)
23,907 19,347 74,417 76,258 
Depreciation and amortization7,568 8,241 22,055 24,977 
Total costs and operating expenses165,507 132,898 475,891 400,243 
Loss from operations(67)(7,819)(27,276)(52,418)
Other (loss) income, net(249)4,221 (283)4,256 
Interest income, net1,788 374 4,627 632 
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes1,472 (3,224)(22,932)(47,530)
(Benefit from) provision for income taxes(24,973)938 4,634 889 
Net income (loss)$26,445 $(4,162)$(27,566)$(48,419)
Net income (loss) per common share
Basic$0.74 $(0.12)$(0.78)$(1.39)
Diluted$0.72 $(0.12)$(0.78)$(1.39)
Weighted average common shares outstanding
Basic35,691 35,043 35,567 34,936 
Diluted36,482 35,043 35,567 34,936 




(1) The following table presents our revenue categories:
 Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 2023202220232022
Core solutions$39,756 $33,940 $115,440 $97,163 
Value Added Services123,188 88,399 326,108 241,349 
Other2,496 2,740 7,067 9,313 
Total revenue$165,440 $125,079 $448,615 $347,825 

(2) Includes stock-based compensation expense as follows:

Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2023202220232022
Costs and operating expenses:
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)$1,149 $789 $2,905 $1,873 
Sales and marketing2,041 2,023 4,902 5,496 
Research and product development6,064 4,330 15,851 11,160 
General and administrative6,003 3,688 16,274 9,680 
Total stock-based compensation expense$15,257 $10,830 $39,932 $28,209 




CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
(in thousands)
 Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 2023202220232022
Cash from operating activities
Net income (loss)$26,445 $(4,162)$(27,566)$(48,419)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization6,980 7,658 20,115 23,295 
Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets509 689 1,618 2,498 
Gain on lease modification— — (4,281)— 
Impairment, net— — — 19,792 
Deferred income taxes(5)158 4 (1,392)
Stock-based compensation, including as amortized15,845 11,413 41,872 29,891 
Gain on sale of business— (4,156)— (4,156)
Other(801)(92)(1,518)(86)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable(327)345 (3,857)(2,579)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets1,666 (507)(763)(3,159)
Other assets(312)(321)51 (1,629)
Accounts payable(496)214 (1,485)231 
Accrued employee expenses10,534 2,395 7,815 (822)
Accrued expenses2,237 809 4,407 3,991 
Taxes payable(28,112)(188)(2,960)(136)
Operating lease liabilities1,558 (437)(3,080)(1,748)
Other liabilities1,036 2,185 (1,272)3,712 
Net cash provided by operating activities36,757 16,003 29,100 19,284 
Cash from investing activities
Purchases of available-for-sale investments(35,322)(25,494)(108,919)(70,394)
Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale investments— — 1,013 — 
Proceeds from maturities of available-for-sale investments44,635 33,100 94,252 76,598 
Purchases of property and equipment(3,761)(844)(5,932)(5,943)
Capitalization of software development costs(1,243)(3,275)(3,394)(10,468)
Proceeds from sale of business, net of cash divested— 5,124 — 5,124 
Proceeds from sale of equity-method investment— — 629 — 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities4,309 8,611 (22,351)(5,083)
Cash from financing activities
Proceeds from stock option exercises683 1,976 2,185 2,579 
Tax withholding for net share settlement(6,510)(1,984)(19,766)(7,581)
Net cash used in financing activities(5,827)(8)(17,581)(5,002)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash35,239 24,606 (10,832)9,199 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Beginning of period24,948 42,876 71,019 58,283 
End of period$60,187 $67,482 $60,187 $67,482 




RECONCILIATION FROM GAAP TO NON-GAAP RESULTS
(UNAUDITED)
(in thousands, except per share data)

Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2023202220232022
Costs and operating expenses:
GAAP cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)$62,739 $50,707 $176,801 $141,484 
Less: Stock-based compensation expense1,149 789 2,905 1,873 
Less: Workforce reduction costs2,135 — 2,135 — 
Non-GAAP cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)$59,455 $49,918 $171,761 $139,611 
GAAP cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) as a percentage of revenue38 %41 %39 %41 %
Non-GAAP cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) as a percentage of revenue36 %40 %38 %40 %
GAAP sales and marketing$29,701 $25,644 $86,101 $77,558 
Less: Stock-based compensation expense2,041 2,023 4,902 5,496 
Less: Workforce reduction costs3,401 — 3,401 — 
Non-GAAP sales and marketing$24,259 $23,621 $77,798 $72,062 
GAAP sales and marketing as a percentage of revenue18 %21 %19 %22 %
Non-GAAP sales and marketing as a percentage of revenue15 %19 %17 %21 %
GAAP research and product development$41,592 $28,959 $116,517 $79,966 
Less: Stock-based compensation expense6,064 4,330 15,851 11,160 
Less: Workforce reduction costs2,635 — 2,635 — 
Non-GAAP research and product development$32,893 $24,629 $98,031 $68,806 
GAAP research and product development as a percentage of revenue25 %23 %26 %23 %
Non-GAAP research and product development as a percentage of revenue20 %20 %22 %20 %
GAAP general and administrative$23,907 $19,347 $74,417 $76,258 
Less: Stock-based compensation expense6,003 3,688 16,274 9,680 
Less: Impairment, net— — — 19,792 
Less: Gain on lease modification— — (4,281)— 
Less: CEO separation costs, net— — 11,520 — 
Less: Workforce reduction costs2,106 — 2,106 — 
Non-GAAP general and administrative$15,798 $15,659 $48,798 $46,786 
GAAP general and administrative as a percentage of revenue14 %15 %17 %22 %
Non-GAAP general and administrative as a percentage of revenue10 %13 %11 %13 %
GAAP depreciation and amortization$7,568 $8,241 $22,055 $24,977 
Less: Amortization of stock-based compensation capitalized in software development costs589 584 1,857 1,682 
Less: Amortization of purchased intangibles617 1,093 1,940 3,396 
Non-GAAP depreciation and amortization$6,362 $6,564 $18,258 $19,899 
GAAP depreciation and amortization as a percentage of revenue5 %7 %5 %7 %
Non-GAAP depreciation and amortization as a percentage of revenue4 %5 %4 %6 %



Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2023202220232022
Income (loss) from operations:
GAAP loss from operations$(67)$(7,819)$(27,276)$(52,418)
Less: Stock-based compensation expense15,257 10,830 39,932 28,209 
Less: Amortization of stock-based compensation capitalized in software development costs589 584 1,857 1,682 
Less: Amortization of purchased intangibles617 1,093 1,940 3,396 
Less: Impairment, net— — — 19,792 
Less: Gain on lease modification— — (4,281)— 
Less: CEO separation costs, net— — 11,520 — 
Less: Workforce reduction costs10,278 — 10,278 — 
Non-GAAP income from operations$26,674 $4,688 $33,970 $661 
Operating margin:
GAAP operating margin— %(6.3)%(6.1)%(15.1)%
Stock-based compensation expense as a percentage of revenue9.2 8.7 8.9 8.1 
Amortization of stock-based compensation capitalized in software development costs as a percentage of revenue0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 
Amortization of purchased intangibles as a percentage of revenue0.4 0.9 0.4 1.0 
Impairment, net as a percentage of revenue— — — 5.7 
Gain on lease modification as a percentage of revenue— — (1.0)— 
CEO separation costs, net as a percentage of revenue— — 2.6 — 
Less: Workforce reduction costs6.1 — 2.4 — 
Non-GAAP operating margin16.1 %3.7 %7.6 %0.2 %
Net income (loss):
GAAP net income (loss)$26,445 $(4,162)$(27,566)$(48,419)
Less: Stock-based compensation expense15,257 10,830 39,932 28,209 
Less: Amortization of stock-based compensation capitalized in software development costs589 584 1,857 1,682 
Less: Amortization of purchased intangibles617 1,093 1,940 3,396 
Less: Impairment, net— — — 19,792 
Less: Gain on lease modification— — (4,281)— 
Less: CEO separation costs, net— — 11,520 — 
Less: Workforce reduction costs10,278 — 10,278 — 
Less: Gain on sale of business— (4,156)— (4,156)
Less: Income tax effect of adjustments31,642 234 3,859 (724)
Non-GAAP net income$21,544 $3,955 $29,821 $1,228 
Net income (loss) per share, basic:
GAAP net income (loss) per share, basic $0.74 $(0.12)$(0.78)$(1.39)
Non-GAAP adjustments to net income (loss)(0.14)0.23 1.62 1.42 
Non-GAAP net income per share, basic $0.60 $0.11 $0.84 $0.03 
Net income (loss) income per share, diluted:
GAAP net income (loss) per share, diluted$0.72 $(0.12)$(0.78)$(1.39)
Non-GAAP adjustments to net income (loss)(0.13)0.23 1.60 1.39 
Non-GAAP net income per share, diluted$0.59 $0.11 $0.82 $— 
Weighted-average shares used in GAAP per share calculation
Basic35,691 35,043 35,567 34,936 
Diluted36,482 35,043 35,567 34,936 
Weighted-average shares used in non-GAAP per share calculation
Basic35,691 35,043 35,567 34,936 
Diluted36,482 35,710 36,345 35,695 






Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2023202220232022
Free cash flow:
GAAP net cash provided by operating activities$36,757 $16,003 $29,100 $19,284 
Purchases of property and equipment(3,761)(844)(5,932)(5,943)
Capitalized software development costs(1,243)(3,275)(3,394)(10,468)
CEO separation costs payment— — 14,926 — 
Partial lease termination payment— — 2,851 — 
Severance payments for workforce reduction1,801 — 1,801 — 
Non-GAAP free cash flow$33,554 $11,884 $39,352 $2,873 
Free cash flow margin:
GAAP net cash provided by operating activities as a percentage of revenue22.2 %12.8 %6.5 %5.5 %
Purchases of property and equipment as a percentage of revenue(2.3)(0.7)(1.3)(1.7)
Capitalized software development costs as a percentage of revenue(0.8)(2.6)(0.8)(3.0)
CEO separation costs payment— — 3.4 — 
Partial lease termination payment— — 0.6 — 
Severance payments for workforce reduction1.2 — 0.4 — 
Non-GAAP free cash flow margin20.3 %9.5 %8.8 %0.8 %





























Statement Regarding the Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We disclose the following non-GAAP financial measures in this press release: non-GAAP income (loss) from operations, non-GAAP operating expenses (cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization), sales and marketing, research and product development, general and administrative, and depreciation and amortization), non-GAAP net income (loss), non-GAAP net income (loss) per share, and free cash flow.

•Non-GAAP presentation of income (loss) from operations, operating expenses, net income (loss), and net income (loss) per share. These measures exclude certain non-cash or non-recurring items, including stock-based compensation expense, amortization of stock-based compensation capitalized in software development costs, amortization of purchased intangibles, impairment, CEO separation costs, net, gain on lease modification, workforce reduction costs and the related income tax effect of these adjustments, as applicable and described below.

•Free cash flow. Free cash flow is defined as net cash from operating activities, less purchases of property and equipment, capitalization of software development costs, payments for separation costs, lease termination payments and severance payments for workforce reduction. We use free cash flow to evaluate our generation of cash from operations that is available for purposes other than capital expenditures and capitalized software development costs. Additionally, we believe that information regarding free cash flow provides investors with a perspective on the cash available to fund ongoing operations, because we review cash flows generated from operations after taking into consideration capital expenditures and the capitalization of software development costs due to the fact that these expenditures are considered to be a necessary component of ongoing operations.

We use each of these non-GAAP financial measures internally to assess and compare operating results across reporting periods, for internal budgeting and forecasting purposes, and to evaluate our financial performance. We believe these adjustments also provide useful supplemental information to investors and facilitate the analysis of our operating results and comparison of operating results across reporting periods.

In particular, we believe these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to investors and others in assessing our operating performance due to the following factors:

•Stock-based compensation expense and amortization of stock-based compensation capitalized in software development costs. We utilize stock-based compensation to attract and retain employees. It is principally aimed at aligning their interests with those of our stockholders while ensuring long-term retention, rather than to address operational performance for any particular period. As a result, stock-based compensation expenses, which include costs related to our workforce reduction, vary for reasons that are generally unrelated to financial and operational performance in any particular period.

•Amortization of purchased intangibles. We view amortization of purchased intangible assets as items arising from pre-acquisition activities determined at the time of an acquisition. While these intangible assets are evaluated for impairment regularly, amortization of the cost of purchased intangibles is an expense that is not typically affected by operations during any particular period.

•Impairment. We believe that impairment charges do not reflect future operating expenses, and are generally unrelated to financial and operational performance in any particular period.

•CEO separation costs, net. We incurred one-time separation costs associated with our former Chief Executive Officer's Transition and Separation Agreement, dated March 1, 2023 ("Separation Agreement"). We have excluded these costs, as we do not consider such amounts to be part of the ongoing operation of our business.

•Gain on lease modification. In January 2023 and June 2023 we amended our San Diego lease. We have excluded any gain related to the remeasurement of the lease liability, as we do not consider such amounts to be part of the ongoing operation of our business.




•Workforce reduction costs. We incurred one-time severance and related personnel costs associated with our workforce reduction in the third quarter of 2023. We have excluded these costs as we do not consider such amounts to be part of the ongoing operation of our business.

•Income tax effects of adjustments. We utilize a fixed long-term projected tax rate in our computation of non-GAAP income tax effects to provide better consistency across interim reporting periods. In projecting this long-term non-GAAP tax rate, we utilize a financial projection that excludes the direct impact of other non-GAAP adjustments. The projected rate, which we have determined to be 25%, considers other factors such as our current operating structure, existing tax positions in various jurisdictions, and key legislation in major jurisdictions where we operate. We periodically re-evaluate this tax rate, as necessary, for significant events, based on relevant tax law changes, and material changes in the forecasted geographic earnings mix.

Our non-GAAP financial measures may not provide information that is directly comparable to that provided by other companies in our industry, as other companies may calculate non-GAAP financial results differently. In addition, there are limitations in using non-GAAP financial measures because non-GAAP financial measures are not prepared in accordance with GAAP and can exclude expenses that may have a material impact on our reported financial results. As such, non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. A reconciliation of the historical non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP measures has been provided in the tables above. We encourage investors to review the reconciliation of these historical non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures.











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