ctsh-20210728
0001058290False00010582902021-07-282021-07-28

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Date of report (Date of earliest event reported): July 28, 2021
ctsh-20210728_g1.jpg
Cognizant Technology Solutions Corporation
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
Delaware0-2442913-3728359
(State or Other Jurisdiction
of Incorporation)
(Commission
File Number)
(IRS Employer
Identification No.)
300 Frank W. Burr Blvd.
Teaneck, New Jersey 07666
(Address of Principal Executive Offices including Zip Code)
(201) 801-0233
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
N/A
(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425).
Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12).
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b)).
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c)).
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock,
$0.01 par value per share
CTSHThe Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).                                        
Emerging growth company
    
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.



Item 2.02.     Results of Operations and Financial Condition.
On July 28, 2021, Cognizant Technology Solutions Corporation (the “Company”), issued a press release to report the Company’s financial results for the quarter ended June 30, 2021. The full text of the press release and the infographic embedded in and part of such press release are attached to this current report on Form 8-K as Exhibits 99.1 and 99.2, respectively.*
Item 7.01.    Regulation FD Disclosure.
The Company’s investor presentation containing additional financial information for the quarter ended June 30, 2021 is attached to this current report on Form 8-K as Exhibit 99.3.*
Item 9.01.    Financial Statements and Exhibits.
(d) Exhibits.
Exhibit No.
Description
99.1
99.2
99.3
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (the cover page XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document).
*The information in Item 2.02, Item 7.01, Exhibit 99.1, Exhibit 99.2 and Exhibit 99.3 of this current report on Form 8-K shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Exchange Act, except as expressly set forth by specific reference in such a filing.




SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
By:
/s/ Jan Siegmund
Name:
Jan Siegmund
Title:
Chief Financial Officer
 
Date: July 28, 2021



Exhibit 99.1
cognizantlogoa06.jpg

COGNIZANT REPORTS SECOND QUARTER 2021 RESULTS

Revenue of $4.6 billion grew 14.6% year-over-year (12.0% in constant currency1)
Digital revenue grew approximately 20% year-over-year
$1.5 billion deployed on acquisitions, share repurchases and dividends year-to-date
2021 revenue growth guidance increased to 10.2-11.2%, or 9.0-10.0% in constant currency

TEANECK, N.J., July 28, 2021 - Cognizant (Nasdaq: CTSH), one of the world’s leading professional services companies, today announced its second quarter 2021 financial results.

“We delivered a strong second quarter,” said Brian Humphries, Chief Executive Officer. “Through targeted investments, we’ve been shifting our portfolio to faster-growing market segments while extending our capabilities and partnerships to help clients build modern businesses. I see a stronger, more competitive Cognizant emerging, with growing commercial momentum. We are bullish on the industry and our prospects within it.”

Q2 2021Q2 2020
Revenue (in billions)$4.6 $4.0 
GAAP operating margin15.2 %11.7 %
Adjusted Operating Margin1
15.2 %14.1 %
GAAP diluted EPS$0.97$0.67
Adjusted Diluted EPS1
$0.99$0.82

Second Quarter 2021 Performance by Business Segment

Financial Services (32.8% of revenues) revenue grew 7.6% year-over-year, or 4.8% in constant currency, which included the benefit of recently completed acquisitions and growth in digital revenue. Revenue declines related to our non-digital services continued to pressure results as our clients optimize the cost of supporting their legacy systems and operations.

Healthcare (28.9% of revenues) revenue grew 14.5% year-over-year, or 13.4% in constant currency. Growth was driven in part by our integrated software solutions for our healthcare clients and broad-based demand from our life sciences customers.

Products and Resources (23.0% of revenues) revenue grew 21.7% year-over-year, or 17.8% in constant currency, which included the benefit of recently completed acquisitions and was driven by manufacturing, logistics, energy and utilities clients. Growth among our retail, consumer goods, travel and hospitality clients reflects improving demand for our services despite continued elevated uncertainty related to the pandemic.


1 Constant currency ("CC") revenue growth, Adjusted Operating Margin and Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share ("Adjusted Diluted EPS") are not measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. See “About Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Performance Metrics” for more information and, where applicable, reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures at the end of this release.



Communications, Media and Technology (15.3% of revenues) revenue grew 21.2% year-over-year, or 17.9% in constant currency. Revenue growth included the benefit of recently completed acquisitions and increased demand from technology clients. The impact from our exit of certain content-related services negatively impacted segment growth by approximately 190 basis points.

In addition to the above, year-over-year revenue growth across all segments reflects the impact on 2020 revenues from the pandemic and the April 2020 ransomware attack.

Return of Capital to Shareholders
During the second quarter, the Company repurchased 4.0 million shares for $296 million at an average price of $73.52 under its share repurchase program. As of June 30, 2021, there was $2.3 billion remaining under the current share repurchase authorization. In July 2021, the Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.24 per share for shareholders of record on August 20, 2021. This dividend will be payable on August 31, 2021.

“Second quarter top-line results exceeded our guidance, driven by improved demand for our services and momentum in our digital revenue, and we increased our full-year 2021 revenue growth to 10.2-11.2%,” said Jan Siegmund, Chief Financial Officer. “To meet the strong client demand for our services, we have continued to scale our recruiting capabilities and invest in our people."

Third Quarter and Full Year 2021 Outlook
The Company provided the following guidance:
Third quarter revenue is expected to be $4.69-$4.74 billion, or growth of 10.6-11.6% (10.0-11.0% in CC).
Full year 2021 revenue is expected to be $18.4-$18.5 billion, or growth of 10.2-11.2% (9.0-10.0% in CC).
Full year 2021 Adjusted Operating Margin2 is expected to be approximately 15.4%.
Full year 2021 Adjusted Diluted EPS2 is expected to be in the range of $4.00-$4.06.

Conference Call
Cognizant will host a conference call on July 28, 2021, at 5:00 p.m. (Eastern) to discuss the Company’s second quarter 2021 results. To listen to the conference call, please dial (877) 810-9510 (domestic) or +1 (201) 493-6778 (international) and provide the following conference passcode: “Cognizant Call.”

The conference call will also be available live on the Investor Relations section of the Cognizant website at http://investors.cognizant.com. An earnings supplement will also be available on the Cognizant website at the time of the conference call.

For those who cannot access the live broadcast, a replay will be available. To listen to the replay, please dial (877) 660-6853 (domestically) or +1 (201) 612-7415 (internationally) and enter 13721332 from two hours after the end of the call until 11:59 p.m. (Eastern) on Wednesday, July 28, 2021. The replay will also be available at Cognizant’s website www.cognizant.com for 60 days following the call.


2 A full reconciliation of Adjusted Operating Margin and Adjusted Diluted EPS guidance to the corresponding GAAP measure on a forward-looking basis cannot be provided without unreasonable efforts, as we are unable to provide reconciling information with respect to unusual items. See “About Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Performance Metrics” for more information and a partial reconciliation at the end of this release.



About Cognizant
Cognizant (Nasdaq-100: CTSH) is one of the world’s leading professional services companies, transforming clients’ business, operating and technology models for the digital era. Our unique industry-based, consultative approach helps clients envision, build and run more innovative and efficient businesses. Headquartered in the U.S., Cognizant is ranked 185 on the Fortune 500 and is consistently listed among the most admired companies in the world. Learn how Cognizant helps clients lead with digital at www.cognizant.com or follow us @Cognizant.
Forward-Looking Statements
This press release includes statements that may constitute forward-looking statements made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, the accuracy of which are necessarily subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions as to future events that may not prove to be accurate. These statements include, but are not limited to, express or implied forward-looking statements relating to our expectations regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business,
opportunities in the marketplace, our cost structure, investment in and growth of our business, the effectiveness of our recruiting and talent efforts, the impact of the 2020 Fit for Growth Plan, the likelihood and potential terms of any settlement of and exit from our referenced large customer engagement in the financial services segment, our and our clients’ shift to digital solutions and services and our anticipated financial performance. These statements are neither promises nor guarantees, but are subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated in these forward-looking statements. Existing and prospective investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied include general economic conditions, legal, reputational and financial risks resulting from cyberattacks, the impact of and effectiveness of business continuity plans during the COVID-19 pandemic, the competitive marketplace for talent, changes in the regulatory environment, including with respect to immigration and taxes, and the other factors discussed in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Cognizant undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities law.
About Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Performance Metrics
To supplement our financial results presented in accordance with GAAP, this press release includes references to the following measures defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission as non-GAAP financial measures: Adjusted Income From Operations, Adjusted Operating Margin, Adjusted Diluted EPS, free cash flow, net cash and constant currency revenue growth. These non-GAAP financial measures are not based on any comprehensive set of accounting rules or principles and should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP, and may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies. In addition, these non-GAAP financial measures should be read in conjunction with our financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. The reconciliations of our non-GAAP financial measures to the corresponding GAAP measures should be carefully evaluated.
Our non-GAAP financial measures, Adjusted Operating Margin, Adjusted Income From Operations and Adjusted Diluted EPS exclude unusual items. Additionally, Adjusted Diluted EPS excludes net non-operating foreign currency exchange gains or losses and the tax impact of all the applicable adjustments. The income tax impact of each item is calculated by applying the statutory rate and local tax regulations in the jurisdiction in which the item was incurred. Free cash flow is defined as cash flows from operating activities net of purchases of property and equipment. Net cash is defined as cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments less short-term and long-term debt. Constant currency revenue growth is defined as revenues for a given period restated at the comparative period’s foreign currency exchange rates measured against the comparative period's reported revenues.



Management believes providing investors with an operating view consistent with how we manage the Company provides enhanced transparency into our operating results. For our internal management reporting and budgeting purposes, we use various GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures for financial and operational decision-making, to evaluate period-to-period comparisons, to determine portions of the compensation for our executive officers and for making comparisons of our operating results to those of our competitors. Therefore, it is our belief that the use of non-GAAP financial measures excluding certain costs provides a meaningful supplemental measure for investors to evaluate our financial performance. Accordingly, we believe that the presentation of our non-GAAP measures, when read in conjunction with our reported GAAP results, can provide useful supplemental information to our management and investors regarding financial and business trends relating to our financial condition and results of operations.
A limitation of using non-GAAP financial measures versus financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP is that non-GAAP financial measures do not reflect all of the amounts associated with our operating results as determined in accordance with GAAP and may exclude costs that are recurring such as our net non-operating foreign currency exchange gains or losses. In addition, other companies may calculate non-GAAP financial measures differently than us, thereby limiting the usefulness of these non-GAAP financial measures as a comparative tool. We compensate for these limitations by providing specific information regarding the GAAP amounts excluded from our non-GAAP financial measures to allow investors to evaluate such non-GAAP financial measures.
Bookings are defined as total contract value (or TCV) of new contracts, including new contract sales as well as renewals and expansions of existing contracts. Bookings can vary significantly quarter to quarter depending in part on the timing of the signing of a small number of large contracts. Our book-to-bill ratio is defined as bookings for the trailing twelve months divided by revenue for the same period. Measuring bookings involves the use of estimates and judgments and there are no independent standards or requirements governing the calculation of bookings. The extent and timing of conversion of bookings to revenues may be impacted by, among other factors, the types of services and solutions sold, contract duration, the pace of client spending, actual volumes of services delivered as compared to the volumes anticipated at the time of sale, and contract modifications, including terminations, over the lifetime of a contract. The majority of our contracts are terminable by the client on short notice often without penalty, and some without notice. We do not update our bookings for material subsequent terminations or reductions related to bookings originally recorded in prior year periods or foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Information regarding our bookings is not comparable to, nor should it be substituted for, an analysis of our reported revenues. However, management believes that it is a key indicator of potential future revenues and provides a useful indicator of the volume of our business over time.
We disclose digital revenue as management believes it provides additional insights into the Company’s business. Measuring digital revenue requires the use of estimates and judgement, there are no independent standards or requirements governing the calculation and our calculation may differ from the calculations underlying similar such metrics disclosed by other companies.
Investor Relations Contact:Media Contact:
Tyler ScottJeff DeMarrais
VP, Investor RelationsVP, Corporate Communications
551-220-8246475-223-2298
[email protected][email protected]
- tables to follow -




COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)

 (in millions, except per share data)Three Months Ended
June 30,
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 2021202020212020
Revenues$4,585 $4,000 $8,986 $8,225 
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense shown separately below)2,863 2,615 5,627 5,362 
Selling, general and administrative expenses881 711 1,708 1,422 
Restructuring charges— 71 — 126 
Depreciation and amortization expense145 136 286 269 
Income from operations696 467 1,365 1,046 
Other income (expense), net:
Interest income37 16 78 
Interest expense(2)(9)(4)(15)
Foreign currency exchange gains (losses), net(7)(2)(16)(104)
Other, net— (2)— 
Total other income (expense), net(2)28 (6)(41)
Income before provision for income taxes694 495 1,359 1,005 
Provision for income taxes(184)(134)(344)(276)
Income (loss) from equity method investment— (1)
Net income$512 $361 $1,017 $728 
Basic earnings per share$0.97 $0.67 $1.93 $1.34 
Diluted earnings per share$0.97 $0.67 $1.92 $1.34 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - Basic527 541 528 543 
Dilutive effect of shares issuable under stock-based compensation plans— 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - Diluted528 541 529 544 




COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION
(Unaudited)
(in millions, except par values)
June 30,
2021
December 31, 2020
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$1,368 $2,680 
Short-term investments482 44 
Trade accounts receivable, net3,419 3,087 
Other current assets1,182 1,040 
Total current assets6,451 6,851 
Property and equipment, net1,225 1,251 
Operating lease assets, net1,004 1,013 
Goodwill5,457 5,031 
Intangible assets, net1,219 1,046 
Deferred income tax assets, net308 445 
Long-term investments433 440 
Other noncurrent assets732 846 
Total assets$16,829 $16,923 
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable$351 $389 
Deferred revenue356 383 
Short-term debt38 38 
Operating lease liabilities204 211 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities2,234 2,519 
Total current liabilities3,183 3,540 
Deferred revenue, noncurrent33 36 
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent842 846 
Deferred income tax liabilities, net230 206 
Long-term debt645 663 
Long-term income taxes payable378 428 
Other noncurrent liabilities313 368 
Total liabilities5,624 6,087 
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.10 par value, 15 shares authorized, none issued— — 
Class A common stock, $0.01 par value, 1,000 shares authorized, 525 and 530 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively
Additional paid-in capital32 32 
Retained earnings11,086 10,689 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)82 110 
Total stockholders’ equity11,205 10,836 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$16,829 $16,923 





COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
(Unaudited)
 (dollars in millions, except per share amounts)Three Months Ended
June 30,
Six Months Ended
June 30,
Guidance
 2021202020212020Full Year 2021
GAAP income from operations$696 $467 $1,365 $1,046 
Realignment charges(a)
— 12 — 32 
2020 Fit for Growth Plan restructuring charges(b)
— 59 — 94 
COVID-19 charges(c)
— 25 — 31 
Adjusted Income From Operations$696 $563 $1,365 $1,203 
GAAP operating margin15.2 %11.7 %15.2 %12.7 %
Realignment charges— 0.3 — 0.4 
2020 Fit for Growth Plan restructuring charges
— 1.5 — 1.1 
COVID-19 charges— 0.6 — 0.4 
Adjusted Operating Margin
15.2 %14.1 %15.2 %14.6 %
~15.4%
GAAP diluted earnings per share$0.97 $0.67 $1.92 $1.34 
Effect of above adjustments to income from operations, pre-tax— 0.18 — 0.29 
Non-operating foreign currency exchange (gains) losses, pre-tax(d)
0.01 — 0.03 0.19 (d)
Tax effect of above adjustments(e)
0.01 (0.03)0.01 (0.04)(d)
Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share$0.99 $0.82 $1.96 $1.78 
$4.00 - $4.06
Notes:
(a)As part of the realignment program, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, we incurred certain retention costs and professional fees. The total costs related to the realignment plan are reported in "Restructuring charges" in our unaudited consolidated statement of operations.
(b)As part of our 2020 Fit for Growth plan, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, we incurred certain employee separation, employee retention and facility exit costs and other charges. The total costs related to the 2020 Fit for Growth Plan are reported in "Restructuring charges" in our unaudited consolidated statement of operations.
(c)During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, we incurred costs in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, including a one-time bonus to our employees at the designation of associate and below in both India and the Philippines, certain costs to enable our employees to work remotely and costs to provide medical staff and extra cleaning services for our facilities. Substantially all of the costs related to the pandemic are reported in "Cost of revenues" in our unaudited consolidated statement of operations.
(d)Non-operating foreign currency exchange gains and losses, inclusive of gains and losses on related foreign exchange forward contracts not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes, are reported in "Foreign currency exchange gains (losses), net" in our unaudited consolidated statements of operations. Non-operating foreign currency exchange gains and losses are subject to high variability and low visibility and therefore cannot be provided on a forward-looking basis without unreasonable efforts.
(e)Presented below are the tax impacts of each of our non-GAAP adjustments to pre-tax income for the three and six months ended June 30:
Three Months Ended
June 30,
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)2021202020212020
Non-GAAP income tax benefit (expense) related to:
Realignment charges$— $$— $
2020 Fit For Growth Plan restructuring charges— 16 — 25 
COVID-19 charges— — 
Foreign currency exchange gains and losses
(6)(8)(6)(18)





Reconciliations of net cash
(in millions)
June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Cash and cash equivalents$1,368 $2,680 
Short-term investments482 44 
Less:
Short-term debt38 38 
Long-term debt645 663 
Net cash$1,167 $2,023 


The above tables serve to reconcile the Non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures. Refer to the “About Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Performance Metrics” section of our press release for further information on the use of these Non-GAAP measures.



COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
Revenue by Business Segment and Geography
(Unaudited)
 (dollars in millions)Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Year over Year
  $ % of total % Change
Constant Currency % Change (a)
Revenues by Segment:
Financial Services $1,502 32.8 %7.6 %4.8 %
Healthcare1,325 28.9 %14.5 %13.4 %
Products and Resources1,055 23.0 %21.7 %17.8 %
Communications, Media and Technology 703 15.3 %21.2 %17.9 %
Total Revenues$4,585 14.6 %12.0 %
Revenues by Geography:
North America$3,372 73.5 %12.2 %11.8 %
United Kingdom403 8.8 %28.3 %16.4 %
Continental Europe482 10.5 %15.0 %5.6 %
Europe - Total
885 19.3 %20.7 %10.2 %
Rest of World328 7.2 %25.7 %19.1 %
Total Revenues$4,585 14.6 %12.0 %
 Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Year over Year
  $ % of total % Change
Constant Currency % Change (a)
Revenues by Segment:
Financial Services$2,960 32.9 %4.0 %1.5 %
Healthcare2,613 29.1 %11.1 %10.1 %
Products and Resources2,053 22.9 %12.7 %9.7 %
Communications, Media and Technology1,360 15.1 %12.8 %10.2 %
Total Revenues$8,986 9.3 %7.1 %
Revenues by Geography:
North America$6,655 74.1 %7.4 %7.1 %
United Kingdom773 8.6 %18.7 %9.3 %
Continental Europe938 10.4 %9.6 %0.9 %
Europe - Total1,711 19.0 %13.5 %4.5 %
Rest of World620 6.9 %18.8 %14.0 %
Total Revenues$8,986 9.3 %7.1 %

Notes:
(a)Constant currency revenue growth is not a measure of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. See “About Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Performance Metrics” section of our press release for further information.




COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)

(in millions)
Three Months Ended
June 30,
Six Months Ended
June 30,
2021202020212020
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income$512 $361 $1,017 $728 
Adjustments for non-cash income and expenses207 171 532 487 
Changes in assets and liabilities(178)447 (827)261 
Net cash provided by operating activities541 979 722 1,476 
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment(75)(93)(163)(205)
Net (purchases) sales of investments(298)237 (438)163 
Payments for business combinations, net of cash acquired
(348)(403)(658)(489)
Net cash (used in) investing activities(721)(259)(1,259)(531)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repurchases of common stock(320)(74)(560)(585)
Repayment of term loan borrowings and finance lease and earnout obligations(13)(12)(28)(25)
Proceeds from borrowings under the revolving credit facility— — — 1,740 
Dividends paid(127)(121)(255)(242)
Issuance of common stock under stock-based compensation plans32 36 75 76 
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities(428)(171)(768)964 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents(13)(7)(132)
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(605)536 (1,312)1,777 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period1,973 3,886 2,680 2,645 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$1,368 $4,422 $1,368 $4,422 

SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
(in millions)Three Months Ended
Stock Repurchases under Board of Directors' authorized stock repurchase program:June 30, 2021June 30, 2020
Number of shares repurchased4.0 0.9 
Remaining authorized balance as of June 30, 2021
$2,285 


Reconciliation of Free Cash Flow Non-GAAP Financial Measure
(in millions)
Three Months Ended
June 30,
Six Months Ended
June 30,
2021202020212020
Net cash provided by operating activities$541 $979 $722 $1,476 
Purchases of property and equipment
(75)(93)(163)(205)
Free cash flow$466 $886 $559 $1,271 


Q2 2021 We delivered a strong second quarter. Through targeted investments, we’ve been shifting our portfolio to faster-growing market segments while extending our capabilities and partnerships to help clients build modern businesses. I see a stronger, more competitive Cognizant emerging, with growing commercial momentum. We are bullish on the industry and our prospects within it. Brian Humphries | Chief Executive Officer ” Revenue $4.6 billion Reported YoY 14.6% Constant Currency YoY 12.0% Digital revenue up ~20% year- over-year and now represents 44% of total revenue, up from 42% in prior year period GAAP and Adjusted Operating Margin | 15.2% GAAP Diluted EPS | $0.97 Adjusted Diluted EPS | $0.99 $3.4 $0.9 $0.3 Rest of World 25.7% Revenue by Geography ($ IN BILLIONS) Reported YoY | Constant Currency YoY Cash Flow Cash Flow From Operations $541M Free Cash Flow $466M Capital Return Q2 2021 Dividend $127M Q2 2021 Share Repurchases $320M $0.24/share Revenue by Segment ($ IN BILLIONS) Reported YoY | Constant Currency YoY Europe North America 19.1% $1.5 $1.3 $1.1 $0.7 Products & Resources Healthcare Financial Services Communications, Media & Technology 20.7% 10.2% 12.2% 11.8% 21.2% 17.9% 21.7% 17.8% 7.6% 4.8% 14.5% 13.4% Total Employees 301,200 Total Annualized Attrition 31% Voluntary Annualized Attrition 29% 2020 ESG Report: Living Our Purpose ” For non-GAAP financial reconciliations refer to Cognizant's 2021 second quarter earnings release issued on July 28, 2021, which accompanies this presentation and is available at investors.cognizant.com. Exhibit 99.2 We recognize that businesses are interdependent with the world’s social and environmental systems. In the medium and long run, social and environmental issues become financial issues. Businesses can thrive only if society prospers and the natural environment is protected. Brian Humphries, Chief Executive Officer ” ”


 
Second Quarter 2021 Financial Results and Highlights July 28, 2021 Exhibit 99.3


 
Forward-Looking Statements This earnings supplement includes statements that may constitute forward-looking statements made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, the accuracy of which are necessarily subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions as to future events that may not prove to be accurate. These statements include, but are not limited to, express or implied forward-looking statements relating to our expectations regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, opportunities in the marketplace, our cost structure, investment in and growth of our business, the effectiveness of our recruiting and talent efforts, the impact of the 2020 Fit for Growth Plan, the likelihood and potential terms of any settlement of and exit from our referenced large customer engagement in the financial services segment, our and our clients’ shift to digital solutions and services and our anticipated financial performance. These statements are neither promises nor guarantees, but are subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated in these forward-looking statements. Existing and prospective investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied include general economic conditions, legal, reputational and financial risks resulting from cyberattacks, the effectiveness of business continuity plans during the COVID-19 pandemic, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the competitive marketplace for talent, changes in the regulatory environment, including with respect to immigration and taxes, and the other factors discussed in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Cognizant undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities law. 2


 
Results Summary: Q2 2021 1 See “About Non-GAAP Financial Measures” at the end of this earnings supplement for more information and reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, as applicable. 2 Q2 2020 operating and free cash flow benefited from ~$380M of deferrals of certain tax payments in the U.S. and other jurisdictions. REVENUE Up 14.6% Y/Y as reported and 12.0% Y/Y constant currency1 Growth reflects continued demand for our digital services, recent acquisitions and the negative impact on 2020 revenues from the pandemic and April 2020 ransomware attack OPERATING MARGIN CASH FLOW 2 3 $4,000M $4,585M Q2 2020 Q2 2021 DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE 11.7% 15.2% Q2 2020 Q2 2021 14.1% 15.2% Q2 2020 Q2 2021 $979M $541M Q2 2020 Q2 2021 $886M $466M Q2 2020 Q2 2021 $0.67 $0.97 Q2 2020 Q2 2021 $0.82 $0.99 Q2 2020 Q2 2021 GAAP Operating Margin Adjusted Operating Margin1 GAAP Diluted EPS Adjusted Diluted EPS1 Operating Cash Flow Free Cash Flow1


 
$4,110 $4,141 $4,248 $4,284 $4,225 $4,000 $4,243 $4,184 $4,401 $4,585 $0.91 $0.94 $1.08 $1.07 $0.96 $0.82 $0.97 $0.67 $0.97 $0.99 Revenue Adjusted Diluted EPS Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021 $ In Millions Except Per Share Amounts Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021 Y/Y 5.1% 3.4% 4.2% 3.8% 2.8% (3.4%) (0.1%) (2.3%) 4.2% 14.6% Y/Y CC 6.8% 4.7% 5.1% 4.2% 3.5% (2.5%) (0.7%) (3.0%) 2.4% 12.0% GAAP Operating Margin 13.1% 14.9% 15.7% 14.6% 13.7% 11.7% 14.2% 11.1% 15.2% 15.2% Adjusted Operating Margin 16.0% 16.1% 17.3% 17.0% 15.1% 14.1% 15.9% 12.3% 15.2% 15.2% GAAP Diluted EPS $0.77 $0.90 $0.90 $0.72 $0.67 $0.67 $0.64 $0.59 $0.95 $0.97 Adjusted Diluted EPS $0.91 $0.94 $1.08 $1.07 $0.96 $0.82 $0.97 $0.67 $0.97 $0.99 Revenue, EPS and Operating Margin Revenue Growth, Operating Margin and GAAP EPS 1 Cognizant made an offer in Q4 2020 to settle and exit a large customer engagement in the financial services segment in Continental Europe. As a result of this offer, in Q4 2020, we recorded a reduction of revenue of $107 million, or -2.5 percentage points impact Y/Y, and additional expenses of $33 million. This impacted Q4 2020 GAAP / Adjusted Operating Margin by ~3.0 percentage points and GAAP / Adjusted Diluted EPS by -$0.25. In Q2 2021, we reached a settlement with two of the three customers that were part of the engagement and it did not impact earnings for the quarter. 1 1 4


 
$3,372 $885 $328 $1,502 $1,325 $1,055 $703 Revenue Performance: Q2 2021 PRODUCTS & RESOURCES COMMUNICATIONS, MEDIA & TECHNOLOGY HEALTHCARE FINANCIAL SERVICES NORTH AMERICA EUROPE REST OF WORLD Segments $ IN MILLIONS Geography $ IN MILLIONS +21.2% Y/Y +17.9% Y/Y CC +21.7% Y/Y +17.8% Y/Y CC +14.5% Y/Y +13.4% Y/Y CC +7.6% Y/Y +4.8% Y/Y CC +20.7% Y/Y +10.2% Y/Y CC +25.7% Y/Y +19.1% Y/Y CC +12.2% Y/Y +11.8% Y/Y CC 5


 
$1,049 $316 $137 Financial Services NORTH AMERICA EUROPE REST OF WORLD Q1 '19 Q2 '19 Q3 '19 Q4 '19 Q1 '20 Q2 '20 Q3 '20 Q4 '20 Q1 '21 Q2 '21 Y/Y (1.7%) 0.3% 1.9% 1.2% 1.0% (5.2%) (1.5%) (11.1%) 0.5% 7.6% Y/Y CC 0.2% 1.7% 3.0% 1.5% 1.8% (4.3%) (2.2%) (11.4%) (1.7%) 4.8% +8.7% Y/Y +2.6% Y/Y CC +8.2% Y/Y (0.5%) Y/Y CC Revenue Revenue Growth $ IN MILLIONS $ IN MILLIONS Q2 2021 Geography 7.3% Y/Y 6.7% Y/Y CC $1,436 $1,473 $1,492 $1,468 $1,451 $1,396 $1,469 $1,305 $1,458 $1,502 Q1 '19 Q2 '19 Q3 '19 Q4 '19 Q1 '20 Q2 '20 Q3 '20 Q4 '20 Q1 '21 Q2 '21 6 1 Cognizant made an offer in Q4 2020 to settle and exit a large customer engagement in the financial services segment in Continental Europe. As a result of this offer, in Q4 2020, we recorded a reduction of revenue of $107 million. This impacted the Q4 2020 Y/Y growth rate for Financial Services by approximately -7.3 percentage points Y/Y. In Q2 2021, we reached a settlement with two of the three customers that were part of the engagement and it did not impact earnings for the quarter. 1 1 Revenue growth included the benefit of recently completed acquisitions and growth in digital revenue. Revenue declines related to our non-digital services continued to pressure results as our clients optimize the cost of supporting their legacy systems and operations.


 
$1,131 $165 $29 Healthcare NORTH AMERICA EUROPE REST OF WORLD +45.0% Y/Y +41.8% Y/Y CC +19.6% Y/Y +11.3% Y/Y CC +13.2% Y/Y and CC Revenue $ IN MILLIONS $ IN MILLIONS Q1 '19 Q2 '19 Q3 '19 Q4 '19 Q1 '20 Q2 '20 Q3 '20 Q4 '20 Q1 '21 Q2 '21 Y/Y 3.9% (1.9%) (1.2%) 1.6% 2.5% 2.0% 4.8% 4.0% 7.9% 14.5% Y/Y CC 4.6% (1.5%) (0.9%) 1.8% 2.7% 2.2% 4.2% 3.3% 7.0% 13.4% $1,165 $1,134 $1,175 $1,221 $1,194 $1,157 $1,231 $1,270 $1,288 $1,325 Q1 '19 Q2 '19 Q3 '19 Q4 '19 Q1 '20 Q2 '20 Q3 '20 Q4 '20 Q1 '21 Q2 '21 7 Revenue Growth Q2 2021 Geography Healthcare growth was driven in part by our integrated software solutions for our healthcare clients and broad-based demand from our life sciences customers.


 
$723 $248 $84 NORTH AMERICA EUROPE Products & Resources +16.6% Y/Y +16.1% Y/Y CC 35.5% Y/Y 21.5% Y/Y CC 31.3% Y/Y 23.4% Y/Y CC REST OF WORLD Revenue $ IN MILLIONS $ IN MILLIONS Q1 '19 Q2 '19 Q3 '19 Q4 '19 Q1 '20 Q2 '20 Q3 '20 Q4 '20 Q1 '21 Q2 '21 Y/Y 11.3% 10.4% 11.9% 8.1% 4.4% (6.5%) (4.0%) (1.6%) 4.6% 21.7% Y/Y CC 13.8% 12.3% 13.4% 8.6% 5.3% (5.0%) (4.6%) (2.4%) 2.4% 17.8% $914 $927 $966 $963 $954 $867 $927 $948 $998 $1,055 Q1 '19 Q2 '19 Q3 '19 Q4 '19 Q1 '20 Q2 '20 Q3 '20 Q4 '20 Q1 '21 Q2 '21 8 Revenue Growth Q2 2021 Geography Revenue growth included the benefit of recently completed acquisitions and was driven by manufacturing, logistics, energy and utilities clients. Growth among our retail, consumer goods, travel and hospitality clients reflects improving demand for our services despite continued elevated uncertainty related to the pandemic.


 
$469 $156 $78 $595 $607 $615 $632 $626 $580 $616 $661 $657 $703 Q1 '19 Q2 '19 Q3 '19 Q4 '19 Q1 '20 Q2 '20 Q3 '20 Q4 '20 Q1 '21 Q2 '21 Communications, Media & Technology NORTH AMERICA REST OF WORLD +52.9% Y/Y +45.5% Y/Y CC +30.0% Y/Y +17.7% Y/Y CC +14.7% Y/Y +14.6% Y/Y CC EUROPE Revenue $ IN MILLIONS Q1 '19 Q2 '19 Q3 '19 Q4 '19 Q1 '20 Q2 '20 Q3 '20 Q4 '20 Q1 '21 Q2 '21 Y/Y 16.9% 12.2% 9.4% 8.0% 5.2% (4.4%) 0.2% 4.6% 5.0% 21.2% Y/Y CC 19.6% 14.1% 10.6% 9.0% 6.3% (3.2%) (0.2%) 3.4% 3.1% 17.9% Impact from exit of certain content services ~(2.0%) ~(3.9%) ~(7.9%) ~(9.2%) ~(7.9%) ~(6.0%) ~(1.9%) 9 Revenue Growth Q2 2021 Geography Revenue growth included the benefit of recently completed acquisitions and increased demand from technology clients. $ IN MILLIONS


 
83% 83% 84% 85% 83% 80% 85% 87% 85% 84% 91% 92% 92% 92% 91% 91% 93% 91% 92% 92% Offshore, Excluding Trainees % Onsite % Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021 Employee Metrics Headcount and Annualized Attrition Utilization 285.8 288.2 289.9 292.5 291.7 281.2 283.1 289.5 296.5 301.2 19% 23% 24% 21% 22% 24% 18% 19% 21% 31% 16% 19% 18% 16% 13% 11% 10% 16% 18% 29% Headcount (in thousands) Quarterly Annualized Attrition Quarterly Annualized Voluntary Attrition Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021 10 NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES IN THOUSANDS


 
$453 $480 $493 $617 $1,123 $1,292 $2,247 $1,621 $1,596 FY2019 FY2020 Trailing 12-Months AcquisitionsShare Repurchases $121 $120 $118 $128 $127 $403 $580 $310 $348 $248 $788 $240 $320 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021 Cash Flow, Balance Sheet & Capital Allocation $ IN MILLIONS Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021 OPERATING CASH FLOW $269 $575 $717 $938 $497 $979 $925 $898 $181 $541 FREE CASH FLOW $163 $479 $620 $845 $385 $886 $821 $809 $93 $466 CASH AND SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS1 $3,668 $3,003 $3,077 $3,424 $4,282 $4,582 $4,575 $2,724 $2,158 $1,850 TOTAL DEBT $746 $746 $747 $738 $2,468 $2,459 $2,450 $701 $692 $683 $ IN MILLIONS 1 Q1 ’19 to Q4 ’19 cash and short-term investments included restricted time deposits in India. Beginning in 2020, these restricted time deposits were classified as long- term investments and therefore are no longer included in cash and short-term investments. $ 74 Annual Quarterly Dividends 11 $ 54


 
FY2021 Guidance1 1 Guidance is as of July 28, 2021 2 A full reconciliation of Adjusted Operating Margin, Adjusted Diluted EPS and Adjusted effective tax rate guidance to the corresponding GAAP measures on a forward- looking basis cannot be provided without unreasonable efforts as we are unable to provide reconciling information with respect to unusual items, net non-operating foreign currency exchange gains or losses, and the tax effects of these adjustments. See “About Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for more information, the definition of Adjusted effective tax rate and a partial reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure at the end of this earnings supplement. FY2020 FY2021 Guidance Assumptions Revenue $16.7B $18.4 - $18.5B 10.2-11.2% Y/Y or 9.0-10.0% Y/Y CC Adjusted Operating Margin2 14.4% ~15.4% Assumes modest sequential increase in Q3 and modest sequential decline in Q4 Interest Income (in millions) $119 $25-30 Reflects lower interest income Y/Y as a result of less cash in India, where yields are generally higher Adjusted effective tax rate2 25.8% 25-26% Share Count (in millions) 541 ~528 Adjusted Diluted EPS2 $3.42 $4.00-4.06 Q3 2020 Q3 2021 Guidance Assumptions Revenue $4.2B $4.69 - $4.74B 10.6-11.6% Y/Y or 10.0-11.0% Y/Y CC 12


 
APPENDIX: About Non-GAAP Financial Measures


 
To supplement our financial results presented in accordance with GAAP, this earnings supplement includes references to the following measures defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission as non-GAAP financial measures: Adjusted Income From Operations, Adjusted Operating Margin, Adjusted Diluted EPS, free cash flow, Adjusted effective tax rate, and constant currency revenue growth. These non-GAAP financial measures are not based on any comprehensive set of accounting rules or principles and should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP, and may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies. In addition, these non-GAAP financial measures should be read in conjunction with our financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. The reconciliations of our non-GAAP financial measures to the corresponding GAAP measures should be carefully evaluated. Our non-GAAP financial measures, Adjusted Operating Margin, Adjusted Income From Operations and Adjusted Diluted EPS exclude unusual items. Additionally, Adjusted Diluted EPS excludes net non-operating foreign currency exchange gains or losses and the tax impact of all the applicable adjustments. The income tax impact of each item is calculated by applying the statutory rate and local tax regulations in the jurisdiction in which the item was incurred. Free cash flow is defined as cash flows from operating activities net of purchases of property and equipment. Constant currency revenue growth is defined as revenues for a given period restated at the comparative period’s foreign currency exchange rates measured against the comparative period's reported revenues. Adjusted effective tax rate reflects a tax rate commensurate with our non-GAAP Adjusted EPS. We believe providing investors with an operating view consistent with how we manage the Company provides enhanced transparency into our operating results. For our internal management reporting and budgeting purposes, we use various GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures for financial and operational decision- making, to evaluate period-to-period comparisons, to determine portions of the compensation for our executive officers and for making comparisons of our operating results to those of our competitors. Therefore, it is our belief that the use of non-GAAP financial measures excluding certain costs provides a meaningful supplemental measure for investors to evaluate our financial performance. Accordingly, we believe that the presentation of our non-GAAP measures, when read in conjunction with our reported GAAP results, can provide useful supplemental information to our management and investors regarding financial and business trends relating to our financial condition and results of operations. A limitation of using non-GAAP financial measures versus financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP is that non-GAAP financial measures do not reflect all of the amounts associated with our operating results as determined in accordance with GAAP and may exclude costs that are recurring such as our net non-operating foreign currency exchange gains or losses. In addition, other companies may calculate non-GAAP financial measures differently than us, thereby limiting the usefulness of these non-GAAP financial measures as a comparative tool. We compensate for these limitations by providing specific information regarding the GAAP amounts excluded from our non-GAAP financial measures to allow investors to evaluate such non-GAAP financial measures. About Non-GAAP Financial Measures 14


 
Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures Please refer to page 16, 17 and 18 of this earnings supplement for corresponding Non-GAAP notes. (in millions, except per share amounts) Three Months Ended: Full Year Mar 31, 2019 Jun 30, 2019 Sep 30, 2019 Dec 31, 2019 Mar 31, 2020 Jun 30, 2020 Sep 30, 2020 Dec 31, 2020 Mar 31, 2021 Jun 30, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Guidance Full Year 2021 GAAP income from operations $ 539 $ 619 $ 669 $ 626 $ 579 $ 467 $ 603 $ 465 $ 669 $ 696 $ 2,114 Realignment charges(a) 2 49 65 53 20 12 8 2 — — 42 2020 Fit for Growth Plan restructuring charges(b) — — — 48 35 59 43 36 — — 173 COVID-19 charges(c) — — — — 6 25 21 13 — — 65 Incremental accrual related to the India Defined Contribution Obligation(d) 117 — — — — — — — — — — Adjusted income from operations $ 658 $ 668 $ 734 $ 727 $ 640 $ 563 $ 675 $ 516 $ 669 $ 696 $ 2,394 GAAP operating margin 13.1 % 14.9 % 15.7 % 14.6 % 13.7 % 11.7 % 14.2 % 11.1 % 15.2 % 15.2 % 12.7 % Realignment charges — 1.2 1.6 1.3 0.5 0.3 0.2 — — — 0.3 — 2020 Fit for Growth Plan restructuring charges — — — 1.1 0.8 1.5 1.0 0.9 — — 1.0 — COVID-19 charges — — — — 0.1 0.6 0.5 0.3 — — 0.4 — Incremental accrual related to the India Contribution Obligation 2.9 — — — — — — — — — — (d) Adjusted operating margin 16.0 % 16.1 % 17.3 % 17.0 % 15.1 % 14.1 % 15.9 % 12.3 % 15.2 % 15.2 % 14.4 % ~15.4% GAAP diluted earnings per share $ 0.77 $ 0.90 $ 0.90 $ 0.72 $ 0.67 $ 0.67 $ 0.64 $ 0.59 $ 0.95 $ 0.97 $ 2.57 Effect of above adjustments, pre-tax 0.20 0.09 0.12 0.18 0.11 0.18 0.13 0.10 — — 0.52 (d) Effect of non-operating foreign currency exchange (gains) loss, pre-tax(e) (0.01) (0.03) 0.09 0.08 0.19 — — 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.22 (e) Tax effect of above adjustments(f) (0.05) (0.02) (0.03) (0.05) (0.01) (0.03) (0.06) (0.04) — 0.01 (0.15) (d), (e) Tax on Accumulated Indian Earnings (g) — — — — — — 0.26 — — — 0.26 — Effect of the equity method investment impairment(h) — — — 0.10 — — — — — — — — Effect of the India Tax Law(i) — — — 0.04 — — — — — — — — Adjusted diluted earnings per share $ 0.91 $ 0.94 $ 1.08 $ 1.07 $ 0.96 $ 0.82 $ 0.97 $ 0.67 $ 0.97 $ 0.99 $ 3.42 $4.00 - $4.06 15


 
Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures Notes: (a) During 2019 and 2020, we incurred realignment charges that consisted of employee separation costs, employee retention costs and professional fees. The total costs related to the realignment are reported in "Restructuring charges" in our consolidated statements of operations. (b) During 2019 and 2020, we incurred restructuring charges as part of our 2020 Fit for Growth Plan that included employee separation costs, employee retention costs and facility exit costs and other charges. The total costs related to the 2020 Fit for Growth Plan are reported in "Restructuring charges" in our consolidated statements of operations. (c) During 2020, we incurred costs in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, including a one-time bonus to our employees at the designation of associate and below in both India and the Philippines, certain costs to enable our employees to work remotely and costs to provide medical staff and extra cleaning services for our facilities. Most of the costs related to the pandemic are reported in "Cost of revenues" in our consolidated statement of operations. (d) During the first quarter of 2019, a ruling of the Supreme Court of India in interpreting certain statutory defined contribution obligations of employees and employers (the "India Defined Contribution Obligation") altered historical understandings of such obligations, extending them to cover additional portions of the employee's income. As a result, the ongoing contributions of our affected employees and the Company have increased. In the first quarter of 2019, we accrued $117 million with respect to prior periods, assuming retroactive application of the Supreme Court's ruling. There is significant uncertainty as to how the liability should be calculated as it is impacted by multiple variables, including the period of assessment, the application with respect to certain current and former employees and whether interest and penalties may be assessed. Since the ruling, a variety of trade associations and industry groups have advocated to the Indian government, highlighting the harm to the information technology sector, other industries and job growth in India that would result from a retroactive application of the ruling. It is possible that the Indian government will review the matter and there is a substantial question as to whether the Indian government will apply the Supreme Court's ruling on a retroactive basis. As such, the ultimate amount of our obligation may be materially different from the amount accrued. The incremental accrual related to the India Defined Contribution Obligation is reported in "Selling, general, and administrative expenses" in our consolidated statement of operations. (e) Non-operating foreign currency exchange gains and losses, inclusive of gains and losses related to foreign exchange forward contracts not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes, are reported in "Foreign currency exchange gains (losses), net" in our consolidated statements of operations. Non-operating foreign currency exchange gains and losses are subject to high variability and low visibility and therefore cannot be provided on a forward-looking basis without unreasonable efforts. 16


 
Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures (f) Presented below are the tax impacts of each of our non-GAAP adjustments to pre-tax income: 2019 2020 2021 FY Three months ended: Mar 31 Jun 30 Sep 30 Dec 31 Mar 31 Jun 30 Sep 30 Dec 31 Mar 31 Jun 30 2020 Tax impacts of non-GAAP adjustments: Realignment charges $ — $ 13 $ 17 $ 13 $ 5 $ 3 $ 2 $ 1 $ — $ — $ 11 2020 Fit for Growth restructuring charges — — — 13 9 16 11 9 — — 45 COVID-19 charges — — — — 2 6 6 3 — — 17 Incremental accrual related to the India Defined Contribution Obligation 31 — — — — — — — — — — Foreign currency exchange gain and losses 1 — (2) — (10) (8) 15 9 — (6) 6 Adjusted Effective Tax Rate Reconciliation Guidance FY 2020 FY 2021 GAAP effective tax rate 33.6 % Effect of adjustments to income from operations, pre-tax (4.0) (d) Effect of non-operating foreign currency exchange (gains) losses, pre-tax (1.3) (e) Tax effect of above adjustments 3.1 (d), (e) Tax on Accumulated Indian Earnings (5.6) Adjusted effective tax rate 25.8 % 25%-26% 17 (g) During the third quarter of 2020, after a thorough analysis of the impact of several changes in tax law on the cost of earnings repatriation and considering our strategic decision to increase our investments to accelerate growth in various international markets and expand our global delivery footprint, we reversed our indefinite reinvestment assertion on Indian earnings accumulated in prior years and recorded a $140 million tax on Accumulated Indian Earnings. The recorded income tax expense reflects the India withholding tax on unrepatriated Indian earnings, which were $5.2 billion as of December 31, 2019, net of applicable U.S. foreign tax credits. (h) During the fourth quarter of 2019, we determined that the carrying value of one of our equity method investments exceeded its fair value and therefore recorded an impairment charge of $57 million within the caption "Income (loss) from equity method investments" in our consolidated statement of operations. (i) During the fourth quarter of 2019, the Government of India enacted a new tax regime ("India Tax Law") effective retroactively to April, 2019 that enables domestic companies to elect to be taxed at a lower income tax rate of 25.17%, as compared to the current income tax rate of 34.94%. Once a company elects into the lower income tax rate, a company may not benefit from any tax holidays associated with Special Economic Zones and certain other tax incentives, including Minimum Alternative Tax credit carryforwards, and may not reverse its election. As a result of the enactment of the India Tax Law, we recorded a one-time net income tax expense of $21 million due to the revaluation to the lower income tax rate of our India net deferred income tax assets that were expected to reverse after we elected into the new tax regime.


 
Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures Reconciliation of free cash flow Three Months Ended (in millions) Mar 31, 2019 Jun 30, 2019 Sep 30, 2019 Dec 31, 2019 Mar 31, 2020 Jun 30, 2020 Sep 30, 2020 Dec 31, 2020 Mar 31, 2021 Jun 30, 2021 Net cash provided by operating activities $ 269 $ 575 $ 717 $ 938 $ 497 $ 979 $ 925 $ 898 $ 181 $ 541 Purchases of property and equipment (106) (96) (97) (93) (112) (93) (104) (89) (88) (75) Free cash flow $ 163 $ 479 $ 620 $ 845 $ 385 $ 886 $ 821 $ 809 $ 93 $ 466 18