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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 8-K

 

CURRENT REPORT

 

PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): July 28, 2025

 

180 LIFE SCIENCES CORP.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

 

Delaware   001-38105   90-1890354
(State or Other Jurisdiction
of Incorporation)
  (Commission File Number)   (IRS Employer
Identification No.)

 

3000 El Camino Real, Bldg. 4, Suite 200
Palo Alto, CA
  94306
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)   (Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (650) 507-0669

 

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):

 

Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

 

Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

 

Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

 

Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e 4(c))

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class   Trading Symbol(s)   Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share   ATNF   The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
Warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock   ATNFW   The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).

 

Emerging growth company

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

 

 

 

 

 

Item 1.01 Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.

 

Securities Purchase Agreement

 

On July 29, 2025, 180 Life Sciences Corp. (the “Company”, “we” and “us”) entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “SPA”) with certain accredited institutional investors (the “Purchasers”) pursuant to which the Company agreed to sell and issue to the Purchasers in a private placement an aggregate of (i) 160,377,358 shares of common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”), at an offering price of $2.65 per share (the “Stock Purchase Price”), and (ii) $2.6499 per pre-funded warrant (collectively, the “Pre-Funded Warrants”) to purchase up to an aggregate of 16,831,882 shares of Common Stock (the “Pre-Funded Warrant Shares”) (together, the “Private Placement”). The SPA provides that no Purchaser, together with its affiliates or anyone acting as a group with such purchaser, may beneficially own in excess of 19.99% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of the shares of Common Stock and/or Pre-Funded Warrants to such person on the Closing Date (as defined below).

 

In addition, the Company has approval to sell an aggregate amount of up to $150 million in debt securities (the “Debt Offering”) and expects to announce an offering following the closing of the Private Placement. The consummation of any subsequent offering is subject to the satisfaction and completion of definitive documentation, and any such sales may not occur on a timely basis or at all.

 

Pursuant to the SPA, the Purchasers can elect to pay the total purchase amount due for their Common Stock and Pre-Funded Warrants, in either cash, Ethereum (“ETH”) (determined by dividing the aggregate purchase price payable, by the spot exchange rate for ETH on the business day immediately preceding the execution of the Purchase Agreement) or any combination thereof.

 

The Private Placement is expected to close on August 1, 2025, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions (such closing, the “Closing” and such closing date, the “Closing Date”). The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the Private Placement for the payment of $500,000 of cash bonuses and other consideration to certain members of management and the Board of Directors of the Company (for director services rendered), to fund operating expenses, to purchase or otherwise acquire ETH and for the establishment of the Company’s cryptocurrency treasury operations and general corporate purposes of the Company (in an amount not to exceed $10 million).

 

The SPA contains customary representations, warranties and agreements by the Company, customary conditions to closing, indemnification obligations of the Company, other obligations of the parties and termination provisions. Pursuant to the SPA, the Company has agreed to certain restrictions on the issuance and sale of shares of the Company’s securities for a period beginning on the date of the SPA until the earlier of (a) the thirtieth (30th) day following the Closing Date; and (b) the first business day following the date the resale registration statement filed pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement (as defined below) becomes effective, subject to certain exceptions, including at-the-market offerings.

 

Additionally, each of the Company’s officers and directors who are remaining with the Company following the Closing have entered into a lock-up agreement with the Company whereby they agreed to not sell or transfer any Company securities, subject to customary exceptions, until the date the resale registration statement filed pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement (as defined below) becomes effective.

 

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Pre-Funded Warrants

 

The unfunded exercise price of each Pre-Funded Warrant will equal $0.0001 per underlying Pre-Funded Warrant Share. The exercise price and the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of each Pre-Funded Warrant is subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends, stock splits, stock combinations, or similar events affecting the Common Stock. The Pre-Funded Warrants are exercisable in cash or by means of a cashless exercise and will not expire until the date the Pre-Funded Warrants are fully exercised. The Pre-Funded Warrants may not be exercised if the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the holder thereof (together with its affiliates or anyone acting as a group with such holder) immediately following such exercise would exceed a specified beneficial ownership limitation; provided, however, that a holder may increase or decrease the beneficial ownership limitation by giving prior written notice to the Company (61 days’ notice for increases), but not to any percentage in excess of 19.99%.

 

Strategic Advisor Agreements and Warrants

 

On July 29, 2025, and in connection with the launch of the Company’s digital asset treasury strategy, the Company entered into a Strategic Advisor Agreement with each of Pink Sands Group, LLC, Cyber, Moode LLC, Moon Cat, LLC, Zorba Investments LLC, Purple Poseidon LLC, Tentacle Holdings LLC, PCAO LLC, Johnny Foxtrot LLC and New Island Advisors LLC (collectively, the “Strategic Advisors” and the “Strategic Advisor Agreements”). Pursuant to the Strategic Advisor Agreements, the Strategic Advisors agreed to provide the Company advice from time to time regarding the ETH treasury strategy, including on ETH purchase and staking strategies and such other areas as may be mutually determined by the Strategic Advisor and the Company from time to time (the “Services”). In consideration for agreeing to provide the Services, the Company granted on the same day the Strategic Advisors warrants to purchase an aggregate of 45,481,623 shares of the Company’s Common Stock (the “Strategic Advisor Warrants”). In the event the Company consummates a debt offering within sixty (60) days of the Closing of the Private Placement, the Company has agreed to grant additional warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s Common Stock to the Strategic Advisors pursuant to the Strategic Advisor Agreements with an exercise price equal to the greater of (i) the conversion price of such Debt Offering and (ii) the minimum price required by Nasdaq at the time of execution of any such Debt Offering plus $0.125.

 

The Strategic Advisor Agreements include customary restrictions on the use of confidential information, limits of liability of each party, and customary representations and warranties of the parties. The Strategic Advisor Agreements have a term of 30 months, unless otherwise terminated with the mutual agreement of the parties, or by either party, upon the breach of the agreement by the other, and failure to cure within ten (10) days.

 

The per share exercise price of each Strategic Advisor Warrant is equal to $2.775, which is $0.125 above the Stock Purchase Price. The exercise price and the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of each of the Strategic Advisor Warrants is subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends, stock splits, stock combinations, or similar events affecting the Common Stock. The Strategic Advisor Warrants are exercisable any time after Closing in cash or by means of a cashless exercise and will not expire until the date the Strategic Advisor Warrants are fully exercised. The Strategic Advisor Warrants may not be exercised if the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the holder thereof (together with its affiliates or anyone acting as a group with such Strategic Advisor) immediately following such exercise would exceed a specified beneficial ownership limitation; provided, however, that a holder may increase or decrease the beneficial ownership limitation by giving prior written notice to the Company (61 days’ notice for increases), but not to any percentage in excess of 19.99%. If the Closing has not been completed on or prior to August 8, 2025, the Strategic Advisor Warrants will automatically expire without any act on the part of the Company and be deemed returned, cancelled and of no further force and effect whatsoever.

 

The shares of Common Stock and Pre-Funded Warrants to be issued pursuant to the SPA and the Strategic Advisor Warrants issued pursuant to the Strategic Advisor Agreements (collectively, the “Securities”), have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), or any state securities laws and will be issued pursuant to the exemption from registration provided under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and/or Rule 506 of Regulation D under the Securities Act and in reliance on similar exemptions under applicable state laws. The Company relied on this exemption from registration based in part on representations made by the Purchasers and Strategic Advisors. The Securities may not be offered or sold in the United States absent an effective registration statement under the Securities Act or an applicable exemption from such registration requirements. Neither this Current Report on Form 8-K, nor any exhibit attached hereto, is an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any of the Securities described herein.

 

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Registration Rights Agreement

 

In connection with the Private Placement and the Strategic Advisor Agreements, the Company, the Purchasers and the Strategic Advisors (collectively, the “Registration Rights Holders”) has entered into a Registration Rights Agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”), providing for the registration for resale of the shares of Common Stock sold pursuant to the SPA and upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants, and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Strategic Advisor Warrants (provided that the Placement Shares (defined below), also have the same registration rights as those securities), pursuant to a registration statement (the “Registration Statement”) to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) no later than thirty (30) calendar days after the Closing Date, provided that the Company has agreed to use commercially reasonable efforts to effect such filing within fifteen (15) calendar days after the Closing Date. The Company has agreed to use reasonable best efforts to cause the Registration Statement to be declared effective as promptly as possible, but in no event later than sixty (60) days after the Closing of the Private Placement (which shall be extended by fifteen (15) days if the SEC shall issue more than one comment letter on the Registration Statement), if the SEC shall review the Registration Statement, or within five (5) business days after the Company is notified that the SEC will not review the Registration Statement or has no further comments thereon. The Company has agreed to keep the Registration Statement continuously effective from the date on which the SEC declares the Registration Statement to be effective until (i) the date on which such Registration Rights Holders shall have resold all the registrable securities covered thereby; and (ii) the date on which the registrable securities may be resold by each Registration Rights Holder without registration and without regard to any volume, holding period or manner-of-sale limitations by reason of Rule 144 of the Securities Act, without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information requirement under Rule 144 under the Securities Act or any other rule of similar effect.

 

The Company has granted the Registration Rights Holders customary indemnification rights in connection with the Registration Rights Agreement. The Registration Rights Holders have also granted the Company customary indemnification rights in connection with the Registration Rights Agreement.

 

Asset Management Agreement

 

In connection with the Private Placement, at the Closing (the “AMA Effective Date”), the Company expects to enter into an Asset Management Agreement (the “Asset Management Agreement”) with Electric Treasury Edge, LLC (the “Asset Manager”). Pursuant to the Asset Management Agreement, the Asset Manager will provide discretionary investment management services with respect to, among other assets (including without limitation certain subsequently raised funds), the majority of the Company’s proceeds from the Private Placement (the “Account Assets”) in accordance with the terms of the Asset Management Agreement. The Asset Manager will pursue a long-bias strategy of digital assets primarily focused on Ethereum (the “ETH Strategy”). The custodians under the Asset Management Agreement will consist of cryptocurrency wallet providers mutually acceptable to the Company and the Asset Manager.

 

The Company shall pay the Asset Manager a monthly asset-based fee (the “Asset-based Fee”) equal to 2% per annum of the average daily net asset value of the Account Assets under management, payable in advance on the first business day of each calendar month; provided, however, that the minimum Asset-based Fee to be paid to the Asset Manager shall be $2,000,000 per year. Fees are prorated for partial periods. Staked or liquid-staked assets are not treated differently for fee purposes. The Asset Manager will invoice the Company monthly and deduct fees directly from the account. The Asset-based Fee shall be calculated and invoiced to the Company by the Asset Manager in a commercially reasonable manner and in good faith, by reference to relevant prices on Coinbase taken at 12:00 UTC for each relevant day (or if not available, determined by the Asset Manager in a commercially reasonable manner and in good faith by reference to reputable industry sources). The Company also agreed to pay the or reimburse Asset Manager for all reasonable and documented expenses related to the operation of the account, which shall be paid or reimbursed by the Company out of the Account Assets.

 

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The Asset Management Agreement will, unless terminated earlier in accordance with its terms, remain in effect until the fifth anniversary of the AMA Effective Date and shall thereafter automatically renew for successive one-year terms unless either party provides written notice at least thirty (30) days prior to renewal. Beginning on the first anniversary of the AMA Effective Date, the Company may terminate the Asset Management Agreement either (i) without cause upon at least 180 days’ prior written notice, subject to approval by at least eighty percent (80%) of the members of the Company’s board of directors and by at least 66-2/3% of the Company’s shareholders, or (ii) for cause (following an Asset Manager Cause Event) upon at least 60 days’ prior written notice. The Asset Manager may terminate the Agreement beginning on the first anniversary of the AMA Effective Date either (i) without cause upon at least 180 days’ prior written notice, or (ii) for cause (following a Company Cause Event) upon at least 30 days’ prior written notice. “Company Cause Events” include failure to pay fees (not cured within five business days), insolvency, or material breach (not cured within 30 business days, if curable). “Asset Manager Cause Events” include willful misconduct, gross negligence or fraud by the Asset Manager or material breaches that have a material adverse effect on the Company or the Account Assets (not cured within 30 business days, if curable), or insolvency.

 

If the Asset Management Agreement is terminated by the Company without an Asset Manager Cause Event, or by the Asset Manager for a Company Cause Event, prior to the fifth anniversary of the AMA Effective Date, the Asset Manager is entitled to liquidated damages in an amount equal to 85% of the fees and compensation that would have accrued through the fifth anniversary of the AMA Effective Date. In the event the Asset Management Agreement is terminated for an Asset Manager Cause Event by the Company, the Company shall be entitled to any and all damages and legal remedies arising from or in connection therewith including, but not limited to, direct, indirect, special, consequential, speculative and punitive damages, as well as lost future profits and business in the future.

 

If the Asset Manager becomes subject to a legal or regulatory order that prohibits it from carrying out its business as contemplated under the Asset Management Agreement, it must suspend performance and notify the Company. The parties have agreed to work together in good faith to amend the Asset Management Agreement or, if amendment is not possible, the Asset Management Agreement may be terminated upon five (5) days’ prior written notice. In such case, the Asset Manager is entitled to receive 100% of all unpaid fees and compensation accrued through the termination date.

 

Beginning with the AMA Effective Date, the Account Manager shall have the right to provide asset management services with respect to Account Assets that consist of at least 50% of the aggregate value of the Company’s assets until the value of the Company’s assets is $1,000,000,000.

 

The Company and the Asset Manager have also agreed to negotiate in good faith either a separate and distinct asset management agreement or an amended and restated Asset Management Agreement, which provides for separate services related to the management of investments in securities or commodities with a substantially similar fee schedule, provided that the Asset Manager has obtained all requisite regulatory licenses and approvals necessary to provide such services, and further provided that the parties endeavor to avoid investments that would require the registration of the Company as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

 

The Asset Management Agreement includes customary confidentiality and indemnification provisions, representations, warranties and acknowledgements, for an agreement of the size and scope of the Asset Management Agreement.

 

* * * * *

 

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The foregoing description of the SPA, Pre-Funded Warrants, Strategic Advisor Agreements, Strategic Advisor Warrants, Registration Rights Agreement, and Asset Management Agreement, is not complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Form of SPA, Form of Registration Rights Agreement, Form of Strategic Advisor Agreement, Form of Pre-Funded Warrants and Form of Strategic Advisor Warrants, which are filed as Exhibits 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 4.1, and 4.2 respectively, to this Current Report on Form 8-K and that are incorporated by reference into this Item 1.01 in their entirety, and the Form of Asset Management Agreement, which the Company expects to file and disclose following the execution thereof.

 

In connection with the Private Placement, we engaged Clear Street LLC (“Clear Street”) to serve as the Company’s placement agent. As compensation for serving as the Company’s placement agent, the Company has agreed to (i) pay Clear Street a total cash fee equal to 4% of the aggregate gross proceeds raised in the Private Placement, and (ii) reimburse certain reasonable and documented fees and expenses of legal counsel for Clear Street and other out-of-pocket expenses. In addition, the Company has agreed to issue to Clear Street or its designees shares of Common Stock of the Company equal to 2.0% of the aggregate shares of Common Stock sold in the Private Placement and issuable upon exercise the Pre-Funded Warrants which were purchased by certain qualified purchasers (the “Placement Shares”).

 

The offer of Placement Shares described above was exempt from registration pursuant to Section 4(a)(2), and/or Rule 506 of Regulation D of the Securities Act, since the foregoing did not involve a public offering, the Placement Agent is an “accredited investor” as such term is defined in Regulation D. The Placement Shares will be subject to transfer restrictions, and the securities will contain an appropriate legend stating that such securities have not been registered under the Securities Act and may not be offered or sold absent an effective registration statement under the Securities Act or pursuant to an exemption therefrom.

 

Amendment to Securities Purchase Agreements

 

On July 28, 2025, the Company entered into an amendment to (i) the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated February 19, 2021, by and among the Company and the investors party thereto and (ii) the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated August 19, 2021, by and among the Company and the investors party thereto, by which the investors purchased at least 50.1% in interest of the shares of Common Stock based on the subscription amounts thereto, to remove a prohibition on variable rate transactions and reduce the exercise price of warrants (the “Existing Warrants”) to $2.65 (collectively, the “Amendments”).

 

The foregoing description of the Amendments is not complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Amendments, filed as Exhibits 4.3 and 4.4 respectively, to this Current Report on Form 8-K and are incorporated by reference into this Item 1.01 in their entirety.

 

Item 3.02 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities.

 

The information contained in Item 1.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K is hereby incorporated by reference into this Item 3.02.

 

On July 27, 2025, Elray Resources, Inc., the holder of warrants to purchase 3,000,000 shares of Common Stock with an exercise price of $1.68 per share (the “Elray Warrants”), exercised all of such Elray Warrants on a cashless basis and was issued a net of 1,320,000 shares of Common Stock, after surrendering 1,680,000 warrant shares to the Company for cancellation in order to pay the aggregate exercise price in connection therewith, based on a fair market value of Common Stock on July 27, 2025, of $3.00 per share. We issued such shares pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act for the issuance of the shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Elray Warrants, as the securities were exchanged by the Company with existing security holders in a transaction where no commission or other remuneration was paid or given directly or indirectly for soliciting such exchange. The 1,320,000 shares of Common Stock were issued on July 28, 2025.

 

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On July 28, 2025, a holder of warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock with an exercise price of $1.50 per share exercised warrants to purchase 564,276 shares of Common Stock for aggregate proceeds of $846,414, which are expected to be received by the Company on or around the filing date of this Current Report on Form 8-K, and which shares of Common Stock have not been issued to date. The exercise of the warrants was exempt from registration pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act, since the foregoing did not involve a public offering, the securities will be subject to transfer restrictions, and the securities will contain an appropriate legend stating that such securities have not been registered under the Securities Act and may not be offered or sold absent an effective registration statement under the Securities Act or pursuant to an exemption therefrom. The 564,276 shares of Common Stock were issued on July 29, 2025.

 

If the Pre-Funded Warrants were exercised in full for cash, a maximum of 16,831,882 shares of Common Stock would be issuable in connection therewith (if not further adjusted).

 

If the Strategic Advisor Warrants were exercised in full for cash, a maximum of 45,481,623 shares of Common Stock would be issuable in connection therewith (if not further adjusted).

 

On, and effective on July 1, 2025, the Company entered into an amendment to a prior engagement agreement entered into with Maxim Group LLC (“Maxim”). Pursuant to such amendment, the parties agreed that in the event the Company completed a treasury funding strategy in the future involving digital assets (such as the Private Placement), such transactions would be excluded from the terms of the prior exclusive engagement agreement entered into with Maxim, except that the Company would be obligated to Maxim a $100,000 consulting fee—half payable in cash and half in Company Common Stock, valued at the per share price in the offering. At the closing of the Private Placement, the Company will be obligated to pay Maxim $50,000 in cash and a total of 18,868 shares of Common Stock (the “Maxim Shares”). Such issuance is expected to be exempt from registration pursuant to Section 4(a)(2), and/or Rule 506 of Regulation D of the Securities Act, since the foregoing did not involve a public offering and Maxim is an “accredited investor” as such term is defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act. The securities will be subject to transfer restrictions, and the securities will contain an appropriate legend stating that such securities have not been registered under the Securities Act and may not be offered or sold absent an effective registration statement under the Securities Act or pursuant to an exemption therefrom.

 

To the extent the grants of the Options (discussed and defined in Item 5.02 below under “Option Grants”, which discussion and disclosures are incorporated by reference into this Item 3.02) are deemed to be “sold or offered” (and not issued under a no-sale theory), such grants were exempt from registration pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act for such grants, since the grants did not involve a public offering and the recipients were “accredited investors”. The securities are subject to transfer restrictions, and the securities contain/will contain an appropriate legend stating that such securities have not been registered under the Securities Act and may not be offered or sold absent an effective registration statement under the Securities Act or pursuant to an exemption therefrom. The securities were not registered under the Securities Act and such securities may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an exemption from registration under the Securities Act and any applicable state securities laws.

 

To the extent the change in the exercise price of the Existing Warrants in connection with the Amendments constituted an exchange of the Existing Warrants, such exchange was exempt from registration pursuant to Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act.

 

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Item 5.01 Changes in Control of Registrant.

 

Upon the closing of the Private Placement (expected on August 1, 2025), Elray Resources, Inc. (“Elray”), the holder of 2,638,000 shares of Common Stock as of the date of this Report or 35.8% of the Company’s outstanding shares of Common Stock as of the date of this Report (before taking into account the issuance of the 564,276 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants discussed above), will cease to control the Company, and instead the Company is not expected to have a singular controlling stockholder. Notwithstanding Elray’s ownership as discussed above, as previously disclosed in the Company’s filings with the SEC, a total of 1,318,000 shares of Common Stock held by Elray are subject to a Settlement Agreement, pursuant to which the Company currently has the right to cancel 461,300 of the shares of Common Stock, and upon payment of an aggregate of $650,000 to Luxor Capital, LLC (“Luxor”), which like Elray is controlled by Anthony Brian Goodman, to purchase and cancel an additional 856,700 shares of Common Stock, which funds are required to be paid to Luxor at the Closing from proceeds raised in the Private Placement and which cancellations are expected to occur shortly after the Closing. Separately, pursuant to a Voting Agreement entered into between Elray, the Company and the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Blair Jordan, Mr. Jordan was provided the right to vote 1,318,000 of the shares of Common Stock held by Elray, solely for the benefit of the Company, and solely for any proposals recommended for approval by stockholders of the Company by the Board of Directors of the Company at any meeting of stockholders or via any stockholder consent.

 

Item 5.02 Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers.

 

(d) Director Appointment

 

In connection with the Private Placement, the Board of Directors of the Company, with the recommendation of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of the Board of Directors, on July 29, 2025, appointed McAndrew Rudisill (the “Appointee” and the “Appointment”) as a member of the Board and as Chairman of the Board of Directors, which Appointment is conditional and subject to Closing occurring, and will be effective as of Closing, provided that if the Closing Date does not occur within ten (10) days from July 29, 2025, such Appointment will be deemed rescinded.

 

Upon Closing, McAndrew Rudisill will be appointed as a Class II director, and will serve as a director, until the Company’s 2027 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, respectively, and until his successor has been duly elected and qualified, or until his earlier death, resignation or removal.

 

Mr. Rudisill is not party to any material plan, contract or arrangement (whether or not written) with the Company, except for the Offer Letter (as defined below) and except for the fact that (i) PCAO LLC, of which Mr. Rudisill is the founder and managing partner, and therefore deemed to beneficially own the securities held by such entity, has entered into a Strategic Advisor Agreement with the Company, and is receiving Strategic Advisor Warrants, to purchase 4,798,311 shares of Common Stock of the Company in consideration for strategic advisory services agreed to be rendered and (ii) Pelagic Capital Advisors LLC, of which Mr. Rudisill is the managing partner and founder, and three beneficiary partnerships which he advises, and therefore deemed to beneficially own the securities held by such entity, has purchased 566,037 shares of Common Stock of the Company and 0 Pre-Funded Warrants in the Private Placement, and there are no arrangements or understandings between Mr. Rudisill and any other person pursuant to which Mr. Rudisill was selected to serve as a director of the Company, nor is Mr. Rudisill a participant in any related party transaction required to be reported pursuant to Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K, except for the Offer Letter and Strategic Advisor Warrants and Strategic Advisor Agreement referenced above.

 

The Company plans to enter into a standard form of Indemnity Agreement (the “Indemnification Agreement”) with Mr. Rudisill in connection with the Appointment. The Indemnification Agreement will provide, among other things, that the Company will indemnify Mr. Rudisill under the circumstances and to the extent provided for therein, for certain expenses they may be required to pay in connection with certain claims to which they may be made a party by reason of their position as a director of the Company, and otherwise to the fullest extent permitted under Delaware law and the Company’s governing documents. The foregoing is only a brief description of the Indemnification Agreement, does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by the Company’s standard form of indemnification agreement incorporated by reference herein as Exhibit 10.7. The Indemnification Agreement is identical in all material respects to the indemnification agreements entered into with other Company directors.

 

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There are no family relationships between any director or executive officer of the Company, including Mr. Rudisill.

 

In connection with Mr. Rudisill’s expected Appointment to the Board of Directors, the Company entered into an offer letter with Mr. Rudisill (the “Offer Letter”). The Offer Letter provides for Mr. Rudisill to be paid $350,000 per year as an annual retainer fee for serving on the Board of Directors.

 

The foregoing summary of the material terms of the Offer Letter is not complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Offer Letter, which is filed herewith as Exhibit 10.8, and incorporated by reference in this Item 5.02.

 

Biographical information for Mr. Rudisill is provided below:

 

Mr. McAndrew Rudisill, Age 46

 

Since April 2025, Mr. Rudisill has served as the founding and Managing Partner of Harbour Island, LLC, a private investment firm that invests in digital assets. From 2016 to May 2024, Mr. Rudisill served as the Chief Investment Officer and director of Bridger Aerospace Group Holdings, LLC, later Bridger Aerospace Group Holdings, Inc. (Nasdaq:BAER), a wildfire suppression company. From 2016 to October 2020, Mr. Rudisill was the Chief Investment Officer of Capital Vacations LLC, a fractional resort management company. From 2011 to 2015, Mr. Rudisill was the Chief Executive Officer and President, and member of the Board of Directors, of Emerald Oil, Inc. (formerly NYSE:EOX)(“Emerald Oil”), a US oil and gas producer. In March 2016, Emerald Oil filed a petition for voluntary reorganization under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, which was finalized in November 2016. In 2007, Mr. Rudisill founded Pelagic Capital Advisors LLC, a private investment fund focused on public and private equity investments, where he has served as Managing Partner and Chief Investment Officer since 2007. Mr. Rudisill earned a Bachelor of Arts in Economics from Middlebury College, in Middlebury, Vermont.

 

We believe that Mr. Rudisill is well qualified to serve on the Board of Directors due to his strategic investment experience and management experience in both the public and private sectors, including his position as managing partner of a private equity company specializing in digital assets.

 

In connection with the Closing the Company anticipates (a) appointing two more independent members to the Board of Directors such that the Company meets the continued listing standards of Nasdaq; and (b) that Dr. Lawrence Steinman, a current member of the Board of Directors will resign, provided that no such appointments or resignation have occurred as of the date of this Current Report on Form 8-K, and any such appointments and resignation will be disclosed in a subsequent Current Report on Form 8-K filing by the Company if and when they occur.

 

Additionally, following Closing and subject to the approval of the Company’s stockholder at a meeting of stockholders, the Company anticipates Mr. Jason New becoming a member of the Board of Directors.

 

(e) Board of Directors Adoption of 180 Life Sciences Corp. 2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan

 

On July 29, 2025, the Board of Directors of the Company, with the recommendation of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, adopted the Company’s 2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan (the “2025 Plan”). Notwithstanding such adoption, in accordance with the rules of The Nasdaq Capital Market, following the date of adoption, but prior to the Shareholder Approval Date (as defined below), (i) no stock options granted thereunder can be exercised, and (ii) if Shareholder Approval (as defined below) is not received, the 2025 Plan is to be unwound, and the outstanding stock options granted thereunder cancelled (the “Nasdaq Pre-Approval Requirements”). The 2025 Plan has not yet been approved by the Company’s stockholders, in accordance with the rules of The Nasdaq Capital Market, which allow the Company to adopt an equity arrangement and grant options thereunder prior to obtaining stockholder approval, provided that (i) no options can be exercised prior to obtaining stockholder approval, and (ii) the plan can be unwound, and the outstanding options cancelled, if stockholder approval is not obtained.

 

8

 

 

The Company plans to obtain Shareholder Approval of the 2025 Plan within twelve (12) months of the date of adoption (the “Shareholder Approval” and the date of such Shareholder Approval, the “Shareholder Approval Date”). Additionally, the grant of incentive stock options under the 2025 Plan is subject to Shareholder Approval.

 

The 2025 Plan provides an opportunity for any employee, officer, director or consultant of the Company, subject to the terms of the 2025 Plan (including as discussed above and any limitations provided by federal or state securities laws), to receive (i) incentive stock options (to eligible employees only); or (ii) nonqualified stock options. Incentive stock options granted under the 2025 Plan are intended to qualify as “incentive stock options” within the meaning of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). Nonqualified (non-statutory stock options) granted under the 2025 Plan are not intended to qualify as incentive stock options under the Code.

 

A total of 9,197,614 shares of Common Stock are reserved for awards under the 2025 Plan.

 

The foregoing description of the 2025 Plan is not complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the 2025 Plan, which is filed as Exhibit 10.4 hereto and is incorporated by reference into this Item 5.02 in its entirety.

 

Option Grants

 

Effective July 29, 2025, the Board of Directors of the Company, with the recommendation of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, approved (i) the grant of stock options to purchase 3,908,986 shares of Common Stock to Blair Jordan, the Chief Executive Officer of the Company; (ii) the grant of stock options to purchase 3,908,986 shares of Common Stock to Ryan Smith, the Lead Director of the Company; (iii) the grant of stock options to purchase 919,761 shares of Common Stock to Stephen Shoemaker, an independent member of the Board of Directors of the Company; and (iv) the grant of stock options to purchase 459,881 shares of Common Stock to the Company’s outside legal counsel (collectively, the “Options”).

 

The Options were granted under the 2025 Plan and have a term of ten (10) years, subject in all cases to the terms and conditions of the 2025 Plan and the award agreements to be entered into to evidence such grants. The Options are not exercisable until or unless the Closing occurs, and if the Closing does not occur within ten (10) days of July 29, 2025, such Options will be deemed terminated and cancelled. The Options are also subject to the Nasdaq Pre-Approval Requirements. The Options have an exercise price of $2.92 per share, which is $0.01 above the closing sales price of the Company’s Common Stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market on July 28, 2025.

 

The description of the Options above is not complete and is qualified in its entirety by the terms of the Option Agreements to be entered into to evidence each grant, a form of which is attached hereto as Exhibit 10.5 and the 2025 Plan, which is filed as Exhibit 10.4, the terms of which are incorporated by reference into this Item 5.02

 

First Amendment to Amended and Restated Executive Consulting Agreement with Blair Jordan Strategy and Finance Consulting Inc. and Blair Jordan

 

As previously disclosed in the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company with the SEC on June 30, 2025, effective on June 17, 2025, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Executive Consulting Agreement dated June 17, 2025, with Mr. Blair Jordan, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and director, and Blair Jordan Strategy and Finance Consulting Inc. (an entity owned by Mr. Jordan) (“Jordan Consulting” and the “Jordan Consulting Agreement”). The Jordan Consulting Agreement provides for Mr. Jordan to act as Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and provided for the payment of $240,000 per year in consideration for services rendered to the Company (the “Fee”), which Fee was to increase to $350,000 per year in the event the Company completed any material transaction (a “Material Transaction Increase”).

 

Effective on July 29, 2025, the Company, with the approval of the Board of Directors of the Company, with the recommendation of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, entered into a First Amendment to Amended and Restated Executive Consulting Agreement (the “Jordan Consulting Agreement Amendment”) with Mr. Jordan and Jordan Consulting, which amended the Jordan Consulting Agreement to increase the Fee to $450,000 in the event the Closing occurs within ten (10) days of the adoption of the Jordan Consulting Agreement Amendment, and to remove any language about a Material Transaction Increase. The Jordan Consulting Agreement Amendment also included a new provision, which provides that, if after Closing of the transaction, the Company and Mr. Jordan mutually decide that he should step down from the role of Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and this departure is not considered a termination for just cause by the Company or a resignation for good reason by Mr. Jordan under the Jordan Consulting Agreement, as amended, Mr. Jordan (or Jordan Consulting) will nonetheless receive the full compensation outlined in the agreement as if the Jordan Consulting Agreement had been terminated without just cause. This mutual termination will be documented in writing and the agreed payments will be made on the effective date of the termination, subject to Mr. Jordan and Jordan Consulting signing a standard release agreement in favor of the Company.

 

The foregoing summary of the Jordan Consulting Agreement Amendment is not complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Jordan Consulting Agreement Amendment, which is filed hereto as Exhibit 10.6, and incorporated into this Item 5.02 by reference in its entirety.

 

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Item 7.01 Regulation FD Disclosure.

 

On July 29, 2025, the Company issued a press release announcing the Private Placement and related transactions, including the launch of its digital asset treasury strategy and planned rebranding. The Company intends to continue to pursue its current lines of business in addition to the pursuit of its digital asset treasury strategy.

 

In connection with the Private Placement, the Company delivered an investor presentation to potential investors on a confidential basis.

 

The press release and investor presentation are furnished as Exhibit 99.1 and Exhibit 99.2, respectively, to this Current Report on Form 8-K and incorporated into this Item 7.01 by reference. The information in this Item 7.01, including Exhibits 99.1 and 99.2 attached hereto, shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act, except as expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.

 

Item 8.01 Other Events.

 

In connection with the announcement of the Private Placement, the Company announced the launch of its digital asset treasury strategy, pursuant to which the Company plans to pursue a number of strategic initiatives to acquire Ethereum and leverage a combination of staking, lending, liquidity provisioning and bespoke private agreements.

 

As a result of the warrant exercises described above in Item 3.02, as of the date of this Current Report on Form 8-K the Company has 7,923,484 shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding.

 

Following the Closing, the Company expects to change its name to ETHzilla Corporation, and its trading symbols on Nasdaq to ETHZ for its Common Stock and ETHZW for its public warrants.

 

In connection with the Private Placement and related transactions described herein, the Company is filing certain updated risk factors disclosure applicable to its business for the purpose of supplementing and updating disclosures contained in the Company’s prior public filings, including those discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, filed with the SEC on July 24, 2025 and the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on March 31, 2025 (as amended). The supplemental updated risk factors are filed herewith as Exhibit 99.3 and are incorporated herein by reference.

 

Forward-Looking Statements

 

This Current Report on Form 8-K, including Exhibits 99.1 through 99.3, to this Current Report on Form 8-K, contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws, including the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and, as such, may involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions. These forward-looking statements address various matters including statements relating to the anticipated benefits and timing of the completion of the Private Placement and related transactions, the intended use of proceeds from the Private Placement, the Company’s proposed digital asset treasury strategy, the digital assets to be held by the Company, the expected benefits from the transactions described herein and the Company’s ability to commercialize its iGaming assets as well as continuing to maintain the intellectual property around the Company’s existing biotechnology assets. You can identify these forward-looking statements by words such as “may,” “should,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan” and other similar expressions. Each forward-looking statement contained in this Form 8-K, and in Exhibits 99.1 through 99.3 attached hereto is subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such statement. Applicable risks and uncertainties include, among others, the risk that the proposed transactions described herein may not be completed in a timely manner or at all; failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the Private Placement and related transactions, including the proposed digital asset treasury strategy; changes in business, market, financial, political and regulatory conditions; risks relating to the Company’s operations and business, including the highly volatile nature of the price of ETH and other cryptocurrencies; the risk that the Company’s stock price may be highly correlated to the price of the digital assets that it holds; risks related to increased competition in the industries in which the Company does and will operate; risks relating to significant legal, commercial, regulatory and technical uncertainty regarding digital assets generally; risks relating to the treatment of crypto assets for U.S. and foreign tax purposes, as well as those risks and uncertainties identified in Exhibit 99.3 hereof and under the heading “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, and its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 and other information the Company has or may file with the SEC, including those disclosed under Item 8.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K and subsequent filings with the SEC and available at www.sec.gov and in the “Investors”, “SEC Filings”, “All SEC Filings” page of our website at www.180lifesciences.com. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise that occur after that date, except as otherwise provided by law. Our business is subject to substantial risks and uncertainties, including those referenced above. Investors, potential investors, and others should give careful consideration to these risks and uncertainties.

 

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Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits.

 

(d) Exhibits.

  

Exhibit No.   Description
4.1*   Form of Pre-Funded Warrant to Purchase Common Stock of 180 Life Sciences Corp.
4.2*   Form of Strategic Advisor Warrant to Purchase Common Stock of 180 Life Sciences Corp.
4.3*   Amendment, dated as of July 28, 2025, to the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 19, 2021, between 180 Life Sciences Corp. and the purchasers set forth therein
4.4*   Amendment, dated as of July 28, 2025, to the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 19, 2021, between 180 Life Sciences Corp. and the purchasers set forth therein
10.1*   Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of July 29, 2025, between 180 Life Sciences Corp. and the purchasers set forth therein**
10.2*   Form of Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of July 29, 2025, between 180 Life Sciences Corp. and the other parties thereto
10.3*   Form of Strategic Advisor Agreement, dated as of July 29, 2025, between 180 Life Sciences Corp. and the other parties thereto
10.4*   180 Life Sciences Corp. 2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan
10.5*   2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan – Form of Stock Option Agreement (July 2025 Awards)
10.6*   First Amendment to Amended and Restated Executive Consulting Agreement dated July 29, 2025, by and between 180 Life Sciences Corp., Blair Jordan and Blair Jordan Strategy and Finance Consulting Inc.
10.7+   Form of 180 Life Sciences Corp. Indemnity Agreement (Filed as Exhibit 10.6 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 9, 2024), and incorporated herein by reference)
10.8*   Offer Letter dated July 21, 2025, between 180 Life Sciences Corp. and McAndrew Rudisill
99.1***   Press Release, dated July 29, 2025
99.2***   Investor Presentation
99.3*   Supplemental Risk Factors
104   Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).

 

+

Previously filed.

*Filed herewith.

**Certain schedules, exhibits and similar attachments have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K and portions of this exhibit have been redacted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. The Company will provide a copy of such omitted materials to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

***Furnished herewith.

 

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SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

 

Date: July 30, 2025

 

  180 LIFE SCIENCES CORP.
   
  By: /s/ Blair Jordan
    Name:  Blair Jordan
    Title: Chief Executive Officer

 

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Exhibit 4.1

 

THIS WARRANT AND THE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK ISSUABLE UPON THE EXERCISE OF THIS WARRANT (THE “SECURITIES”) HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OF THE UNITED STATES. THE SECURITIES HAVE BEEN ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD, TRANSFERRED, ASSIGNED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF EXCEPT PURSUANT TO (I) AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR (II) AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM SUCH REGISTRATION AND THE DELIVERY TO THE COMPANY OF AN OPINION OF COUNSEL REASONABLY SATISFACTORY TO IT THAT SUCH REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED.

 

FORM OF PRE-FUNDED WARRANT TO PURCHASE COMMON STOCK

 

Number of Shares: [●]

(subject to adjustment)

 

Warrant No. [●]   Original Issue Date: [●], 2025

 

180 Life Sciences Corp., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), hereby certifies that, for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, [●] or its registered assigns (the “Holder”), is entitled, subject to the terms set forth below, to purchase from the Company up to a total of [●] shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share (the “Common Stock”), of the Company (each such share, a “Warrant Share” and all such shares, the “Warrant Shares”) at the remaining exercise price per share equal to $0.0001 (the “Remaining Exercise Price” and, together with the pre-funded purchase price per share, the “Exercise Price”), in each case as adjusted from time to time as provided in Section 9, upon surrender of this Pre-Funded Warrant to Purchase Common Stock (including any Warrants to Purchase Common Stock issued in exchange, transfer or replacement hereof, the “Warrant”) at any time and from time to time on or after the date hereof (the “Original Issue Date”), subject to the following terms and conditions:

 

This Warrant is one of a series of similar warrants issued pursuant to that certain Securities Purchase Agreement, dated July 29, 2025, by and among the Company and the Investors identified therein (the “Purchase Agreement”). Certain capitalized terms used below and not otherwise defined have the meanings given to such terms in the Purchase Agreement.

 

1. Definitions. For purposes of this Warrant, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

 

Affiliate” means, with respect to any specified Person, (a) any other Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediates, controls, is controlled by or is under common control with such Person or (b) in the event that the specified Person is a natural Person, a Member of the Immediate Family of such Person; provided that the Company and each of its subsidiaries shall be deemed not to be Affiliates of any Investor. As used in this definition, the term “control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; provided that the Affiliates of any Person that is an investment fund shall not include any portfolio companies of such investment fund or any affiliated investment fund.

 

 

 

 

Attribution Parties” means, collectively, the following Persons and entities: (i) any direct or indirect Affiliates of the Holder, (ii) any investment vehicle, including, any funds, feeder funds or managed accounts, currently, or from time to time after the date hereof, directly or indirectly managed or advised by the Holder’s investment manager or any of its Affiliates or principals, (iii) any Person acting or who could be deemed to be acting as a Group together with the Holder or any Attribution Parties and (iv) any other Persons whose beneficial ownership of the Company’s Common Stock would or could be aggregated with the Holder’s and/or any other Attribution Parties for purposes of Section 13(d) or Section 16 of the Exchange Act. For clarity, the purpose of the foregoing is to subject collectively the Holder and all other Attribution Parties to the Maximum Percentage.

 

Closing Sale Price” means, for any security as of any date, the last trade price for such security on the Principal Trading Market for such security, as reported by Bloomberg Financial Markets, or, if such Principal Trading Market begins to operate on an extended hours basis and does not designate the last trade price, then the last trade price of such security prior to 4:00 P.M., New York City time, as reported by Bloomberg Financial Markets, or if the foregoing do not apply, the last trade price of such security in the over-the-counter market on the electronic bulletin board for such security as reported by Bloomberg Financial Markets. If the Closing Sale Price cannot be calculated for a security on a particular date on any of the foregoing bases, the Closing Sale Price of such security on such date shall be the fair market value as mutually determined by the Company and the Holder. If the Company and the Holder are unable to agree upon the fair market value of such security, then the Board of Directors of the Company shall use its good faith judgment to determine the fair market value. The Board of Directors’ determination shall be binding upon all parties absent demonstrable error. All such determinations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination or other similar transaction during the applicable calculation period.

 

Commission” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

Exchange Act” means the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and all of the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

Group” shall have the meaning ascribed to it in Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act, and all related rules, regulations and jurisprudence.

 

Member of the Immediate Family” means, with respect to any Person who is an individual, (a) each parent, spouse (but not including a former spouse or a spouse from whom such Person is legally separated) or child (including those adopted) of such individual and (b) each trustee, solely in his or her capacity as trustee, for a trust naming only one or more of the Persons listed in sub-clause (a) as beneficiaries.

 

Person” means an individual, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, business trust, joint stock company, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or any other entity or organization.

 

Principal Trading Market” means the national securities exchange or other trading market on which the Common Stock is primarily listed on and quoted for trading, which, as of the Original Issue Date, is the Nasdaq Capital Market.

 

Securities Act” means the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and all of the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

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Standard Settlement Period” means the standard settlement period, expressed in a number of Trading Days, for the Principal Trading Market with respect to the Common Stock that is in effect on the date of delivery of an applicable Exercise Notice, which as of the Original Issue Date was “T+1.”

 

Trading Day” means any weekday on which the Principal Trading Market is open for trading.

 

Transfer Agent” means Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, the Company’s transfer agent and registrar for the Common Stock, and any successor appointed in such capacity.

 

2. Issuance of Securities; Registration of Warrants. The Company shall register ownership of this Warrant, upon records to be maintained by the Company for that purpose (the “Warrant Register”), in the name of the record Holder (which shall include the initial Holder or, as the case may be, any assignee to which this Warrant is permissibly assigned hereunder) from time to time. The Company may deem and treat the registered Holder of this Warrant as the absolute owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution to the Holder, and for all other purposes, absent actual notice to the contrary.

 

3. Registration of Transfers. This Warrant and all rights hereunder (including, without limitation, any registration rights in respect of the Warrant Shares) are transferable, in whole or in part, upon surrender of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company or its designated agent, together with a written assignment of this Warrant substantially in the form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder or its agent or attorney, duly authorized, and funds sufficient to pay any transfer taxes payable upon the making of such transfer. Subject to compliance with all applicable securities laws, the Company shall, or will cause its Transfer Agent to, register the transfer of all or any portion of this Warrant in the Warrant Register, upon surrender of this Warrant, and payment for all applicable transfer taxes (if any). Upon any such registration or transfer, a new warrant to purchase Common Stock in substantially the form of this Warrant (any such new warrant, a “New Warrant”) evidencing the portion of this Warrant so transferred shall be issued to the transferee, and a New Warrant evidencing the remaining portion of this Warrant not so transferred, if any, shall be issued to the transferring Holder. The acceptance of the New Warrant by the transferee thereof shall be deemed acceptance by such transferee of all of the rights and obligations in respect of the New Warrant that the Holder has in respect of this Warrant. The Company shall, or will cause its Transfer Agent to, prepare, issue and deliver at the Company’s own expense any New Warrant under this Section 3. Until due presentment for registration of transfer, the Company may treat the registered Holder hereof as the owner and holder for all purposes, and the Company shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary.

 

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4. Exercise of Warrants.

 

(a) All or any part of this Warrant shall be exercisable by the registered Holder in any manner permitted by this Warrant (including Section 11) at any time and from time to time on or after the Original Issue Date, and such rights shall not expire until exercised in full.

 

(b) The Holder may exercise this Warrant by delivering to the Company (i) an exercise notice, in the form attached as Schedule 1 hereto (the “Exercise Notice”), completed and duly signed, and (ii) payment of the Remaining Exercise Price for the number of Warrant Shares as to which this Warrant is being exercised (which may take the form of a “cashless exercise” if so indicated in the Exercise Notice pursuant to Section 10 below), and the date on which the last of such items is delivered to the Company (as determined in accordance with the notice provisions hereof) is an “Exercise Date.” The Holder shall not be required to deliver the original Warrant in order to effect an exercise hereunder. Execution and delivery of the Exercise Notice shall have the same effect as cancellation of the original Warrant and issuance of a New Warrant evidencing the right to purchase the remaining number of Warrant Shares, if any.

 

(c) The Holder and any assignee, by acceptance of this Warrant, acknowledge and agree that, by reason of the provisions of this section, following the purchase of a portion of the Warrant Shares hereunder, the number of Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any given time may be less than the amount stated on the face hereof.

 

5. Delivery of Warrant Shares.

 

(a) Upon exercise of this Warrant, the Company shall promptly (but in no event later than the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period following the Exercise Date), upon the request of the Holder, cause the Transfer Agent to credit such aggregate number of shares of Common Stock specified by the Holder in the Exercise Notice and to which the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise (the “Exercise Shares”) to (i) the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) through its Deposit Withdrawal At Custodian system or (ii) in book-entry form via a direct registration system (“DRS”) maintained by or on behalf of the Transfer Agent, in each case, so long as either (A) there is an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or the resale of such Warrant Shares by the Holder or (B) the Exercise Shares are eligible for resale by the Holder without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions pursuant to Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act (assuming cashless exercise of this Warrant). If (A) and (B) above are not true, the Company shall cause the Transfer Agent to either (i) record the Exercise Shares in the name of the Holder or its designee on the certificates reflecting the Exercise Shares with an appropriate legend regarding restriction on transferability and stop transfer notation, which shall be issued and dispatched by overnight courier to the address as specified in the Exercise Notice, and on the Company’s share register or (ii) issue such Exercise Shares in the name of the Holder or its designee in restricted book-entry form in the Company’s share register reflecting such legend and notation. The Holder, or any Person so designated by the Holder to receive Warrant Shares, shall be deemed to have become the holder of record of such Warrant Shares as of the Exercise Date, irrespective of the date such Warrant Shares are credited to the Holder’s DTC account, the date of the book entry positions or the date of delivery of the certificates evidencing such Exercise Shares, as the case may be.

 

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(b) In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to deliver to the Holder or its designee Exercise Shares in the manner required pursuant to Section 5(a) within the Standard Settlement Period following the Exercise Date (other than a failure caused by incorrect or incomplete information provided by the Holder to the Company) and the Holder or the Holder’s broker on its behalf purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such exercise (a “Buy-In”) but did not receive within the Standard Settlement Period, then the Company shall, within two (2) Trading Days after the Holder’s request and in the Holder’s sole discretion, promptly honor its obligation to deliver to the Holder or its designee the Exercise Shares pursuant to Section 5(a) and pay cash to the Holder in an amount equal to the excess (if any) of the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased in the Buy-In, less the product of (A) the number of shares of Common Stock purchased in the Buy-In, times (B) the Closing Sale Price of a share of Common Stock on the Exercise Date. The Holder shall provide the Company written notice promptly after the occurrence of a Buy-In, indicating the amounts payable to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In together with applicable confirmations and other evidence reasonably requested by the Company.

 

(c) To the extent permitted by law and subject to Section 5(b), the Company’s obligations to issue and deliver Warrant Shares in accordance with and subject to the terms hereof (including the limitations set forth in Section 11 below) are absolute and unconditional, irrespective of any action or inaction by the Holder to enforce the same, any waiver or consent with respect to any provision hereof, the recovery of any judgment against any Person or any action to enforce the same, or any setoff, counterclaim, recoupment, limitation or termination, or any breach or alleged breach by the Holder or any other Person of any obligation to the Company or any violation or alleged violation of law by the Holder or any other Person, and irrespective of any other circumstance that might otherwise limit such obligation of the Company to the Holder in connection with the issuance of Warrant Shares. Subject to Section 5(b), nothing herein shall limit the Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver Exercise Shares; provided, however, that the Holder shall not be entitled to both (i) require the Company to reinstate the portion of the Warrant and equivalent number of Warrant Shares for which such exercise was not timely honored and (ii) receive the number of shares of Common Stock that would have been issued if the Company had timely complied with its delivery requirements under Section 5(a).

 

6. Charges, Taxes and Expenses. Issuance and delivery of Exercise Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer tax, transfer agent fee or other incidental tax or expense (excluding any applicable stamp duties) in respect of the issuance of such shares, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to pay any tax that may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the registration of any Warrant Shares or the Warrants in a name other than that of the Holder. The Holder shall be responsible for all other tax liabilities that may arise as a result of holding or transferring this Warrant or receiving Warrant Shares upon exercise hereof. Each party hereto intends that this Warrant shall be treated as stock for U.S. federal (and applicable state and local) income tax purposes.

 

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7. Replacement of Warrant. If this Warrant is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation hereof, or in lieu of and substitution for this Warrant, a New Warrant, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction (in such case) and, in each case, a customary contractual indemnity reasonably acceptable to the Company, if requested. If a New Warrant is requested as a result of a mutilation of this Warrant, then the Holder shall deliver such mutilated Warrant to the Company as a condition precedent to the Company’s obligation to issue the New Warrant.

 

8. Reservation of Warrant Shares. The Company covenants that it will, at all times while this Warrant is outstanding, reserve and keep available out of the aggregate of its authorized but unissued and otherwise unreserved Common Stock, solely for the purpose of enabling it to issue Warrant Shares upon exercise of this Warrant as herein provided, the number of Warrant Shares that are at all times issuable and deliverable upon the exercise of this entire Warrant (without regard to any limitations or restrictions on exercise of this Warrant, including without limitation, the Maximum Percentage (as defined below)), free from preemptive rights or any other contingent purchase rights of persons other than the Holder (taking into account the adjustments and restrictions of Section 9). The Company covenants that all Warrant Shares so issuable and deliverable shall, upon issuance and the payment of the applicable Remaining Exercise Price in accordance with the terms hereof, be duly and validly authorized, issued and fully paid and non-assessable. The Company will take all such action as may be reasonably necessary to assure that such shares of Common Stock may be issued as provided herein without violation by the Company of any applicable law or regulation, or of any requirements of any securities exchange or automated quotation system upon which the Common Stock may be listed. The Company further covenants that it will not, without the prior written consent of the Holder, take any actions to increase the par value of the Common Stock at any time while this Warrant is outstanding.

 

9. Certain Adjustments. The Remaining Exercise Price and number of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant (the “Number of Warrant Shares”) are subject to adjustment from time to time as set forth in this Section 9.

 

(a) Stock Dividends and Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, (i) pays a stock dividend on its Common Stock or otherwise makes a distribution on any class of capital stock issued and outstanding on the Original Issue Date and in accordance with the terms of such stock on the Original Issue Date or as amended, that is payable in shares of Common Stock, (ii) subdivides its outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares of Common Stock, (iii) combines its outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares of Common Stock or (iv) issues by reclassification of shares of capital stock any additional shares of Common Stock of the Company, then in each such case the Number of Warrant Shares shall be multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event and the denominator of which shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately before such event. Any adjustment made pursuant to clause (i) of this paragraph shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution, provided, however, that if such record date shall have been fixed and such dividend is not fully paid on the date fixed therefor, the Number of Warrant Shares shall be recomputed accordingly as of the close of business on such record date and thereafter the Number of Warrant Shares shall be adjusted pursuant to this paragraph as of the time of actual payment of such dividends. Any adjustment pursuant to clause (ii), (iii) or (iv) of this paragraph shall become effective immediately after the effective date of such subdivision, combination or issuance.

 

6

 

 

(b) Pro Rata Distributions. If, on or after the Original Issue Date, the Company shall declare or make any dividend or other pro rata distribution of its assets (or rights to acquire its assets) to holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property, options, evidence of indebtedness or any other assets by way of a dividend, spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction, but, for the avoidance of doubt, excluding any distribution of shares of Common Stock subject to Section 9(a), any distribution of Purchase Rights (as defined below) subject to Section 9(c) and any Fundamental Transaction (as defined below) subject to Section 9(d)) (a “Distribution”) then, in each such case, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution to the same extent that the Holder would have participated therein if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations or restrictions on exercise of this Warrant, including without limitation, the Maximum Percentage) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the participation in such Distribution; provided, that to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Distribution would result in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Distribution to such extent (and shall not be entitled to beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Distribution (and beneficial ownership) to such extent) and the portion of such Distribution shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time or times as its right thereto would not result in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage, at which time or times the Holder shall be granted such Distribution (and any Distributions declared or made on such initial Distribution or on any subsequent Distribution held similarly in abeyance) to the same extent as if there had been no such limitation.

 

(c) Purchase Rights. If at any time on or after the Original Issue Date, the Company grants, issues or sells any Options, Convertible Securities or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property, in each case pro rata to the record holders of any class of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations or restrictions on exercise of this Warrant, including without limitation, the Maximum Percentage) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights; provided, that to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (and shall not be entitled to beneficial ownership of such Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right (and beneficial ownership) to such extent) and at the Holder’s election, in its sole discretion, either (1) such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time or times as its right thereto would not result in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage, at which time or times the Holder shall be granted such right (and any Purchase Right granted, issued or sold on such initial Purchase Right or on any subsequent Purchase Right to be held similarly in abeyance) to the same extent as if there had been no such limitation or (2) the Company shall offer the Holder the right upon exercise of such Purchase Right to acquire a security (e.g. a pre-funded warrant) that would not result in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage but will otherwise to the extent possible have economic and other rights, preferences and privileges substantially consistent and on par with the securities or other property issuable upon exercise of the originally offered Purchase Rights). As used in this Section 9(c), (i) “Options” means any rights, warrants or options to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock or Convertible Securities and (ii) “Convertible Securities” mean any stock or securities (other than Options) directly or indirectly convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock.

 

7

 

 

(d) Fundamental Transactions. If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any merger or amalgamation or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person, in which the Company is not the surviving entity or in which the stockholders of the Company immediately prior to such merger or consolidation do not own, directly or indirectly, at least 50% of the voting power of the surviving entity immediately after such merger or consolidation, (ii) the Company effects any sale to another Person of all or substantially all of its assets in one or a series of related transactions, (iii) pursuant to any tender offer or exchange offer (whether by the Company or another Person), holders of capital stock tender shares representing more than 50% of the voting power of the capital stock of the Company and the Company or such other Person, as applicable, accepts such tender for payment, (iv) the Company consummates a stock purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with another Person whereby such other Person acquires more than 50% of the voting power of the capital stock of the Company (except for any such transaction in which the stockholders of the Company immediately prior to such transaction maintain, in substantially the same proportions, the voting power of such Person immediately after the transaction) or (v) the Company effects any reclassification of the Common Stock or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property (other than as a result of a subdivision or combination of shares of Common Stock covered by Section 9(a) above) (in any such case, a “Fundamental Transaction”), then following such Fundamental Transaction, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Warrant Share that would have been issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction, at the option of the Holder, the same amount and kind of securities of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, cash or property as it would have been entitled to receive upon the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction if it had been, immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction, the holder of the number of Warrant Shares then issuable upon exercise in full of this Warrant (including any Distributions or Purchase Rights then held in abeyance pursuant to Sections 9(b) or 9(c) above) without regard to any limitations on exercise contained herein (the “Alternate Consideration”) (provided, that to the extent that the Holder’s right to receive any such Alternate Consideration would result in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage, then the holder shall not be entitled to receive such Alternate Consideration to such extent (and shall not be entitled to beneficial ownership of such Common Stock as a result of such Alternate Consideration (and beneficial ownership) to such extent) and at the Holder’s election, in its sole discretion, either (1) such Alternate Consideration to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time or times as its right thereto would not result in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage, at which time or times the Holder shall be granted such right (and any Alternate Consideration granted, issued or sold on such initial receipt or on any subsequent receipt to be held similarly in abeyance) to the same extent as if there had been no such limitation) or (2) the Company shall offer the Holder the right upon receipt of such Alternate Consideration to acquire a security (e.g. a pre-funded warrant) that would not result in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage but will otherwise to the extent possible have economic and other rights, preferences and privileges substantially consistent and on par with the securities or other property issuable upon exercise of the originally offered Alternate Consideration). The Company shall not effect any Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the surviving entity or the Alternate Consideration includes securities of another Person unless (i) the Alternate Consideration is solely cash and the Company provides for the simultaneous “cashless exercise” of this Warrant pursuant to Section 10 below or (ii) prior to or simultaneously with the consummation thereof, any successor to the Company, surviving entity or other Person (including any purchaser of assets of the Company) shall assume the obligation to deliver to the Holder such Alternate Consideration as, in accordance with the foregoing provisions, the Holder may be entitled to receive, and the other obligations under this Warrant. Notwithstanding, anything to the contrary contained herein, the Company shall cause any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant in accordance with the provisions of this Section 9(d). Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Company herein. For the avoidance of doubt, the Holder shall be entitled to the benefits of the provisions of this Section 9(d) regardless of (i) whether the Company has sufficient authorized shares of Common Stock for the issuance of Warrant Shares and/or (ii) whether a Fundamental Transaction occurs prior to the Exercise Date. The provisions of this paragraph (d) shall similarly apply to subsequent transactions analogous to a Fundamental Transaction type.

 

(e) Number of Warrant Shares. Simultaneously with any adjustment to the Number of Warrant Shares pursuant to Section 9, the Remaining Exercise Price shall be increased or decreased proportionately, so that after such adjustment the aggregate Remaining Exercise Price payable hereunder for the increased or decreased Number of Warrant Shares shall be the same as the aggregate Remaining Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such adjustment. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event may the Remaining Exercise Price be adjusted below the par value of the Common Stock then in effect.

 

8

 

 

(f) Calculations. All calculations under this Section 9 shall be made to the nearest one-tenth of one cent or rounded down to the nearest whole share, as applicable.

 

(g) Notice of Adjustments. Upon the occurrence of each adjustment pursuant to this Section 9, the Company at its expense will, at the written request of the Holder, promptly compute such adjustment, in good faith, in accordance with the terms of this Warrant and prepare a certificate setting forth such adjustment, including a statement of the adjusted Remaining Exercise Price and adjusted number or type of Warrant Shares or other securities issuable upon exercise of this Warrant (as applicable), describing the transactions giving rise to such adjustments and showing in detail the facts upon which such adjustment is based. Upon written request, the Company will promptly deliver a copy of each such certificate to the Holder and to the Company’s transfer agent.

 

(h) Notice of Corporate Events. If, while this Warrant is outstanding, the Company (i) declares a dividend or any other distribution of cash, securities or other property in respect of its Common Stock, including, without limitation, any granting of rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any capital stock of the Company or any subsidiary, (ii) authorizes or approves, enters into any agreement contemplating or solicits stockholder approval for any Fundamental Transaction or (iii) authorizes the voluntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then the Company shall deliver to the Holder a notice of such transaction at least ten (10) business days prior to the applicable record or effective date on which a Person would need to hold Common Stock in order to participate in or vote with respect to such transaction; provided, however, that the failure to deliver such notice or any defect therein shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be described in such notice. In addition, if while this Warrant is outstanding, the Company authorizes or approves, enters into any agreement contemplating or solicits stockholder approval for any Fundamental Transaction contemplated by Section 9(d), other than a Fundamental Transaction under clause (iii) of Section 9(d), the Company shall deliver to the Holder a notice of such Fundamental Transaction at least ten (10) business days prior to the date such Fundamental Transaction is consummated. Holder agrees to maintain any information disclosed pursuant to this Section 9(h) in confidence until such information is publicly available, and shall comply with applicable law with respect to trading in the Company’s securities following receipt of any such information. Notwithstanding anything in this Section 9 to the contrary, the Company shall be deemed to have provided the information required to be delivered to a Holder under this Section 9 if disseminated by press release or filed in any report or statement filed with the Commission prior to the applicable deadline.

 

9

 

 

10. Payment of Exercise Price. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, the Holder may, in its sole discretion, satisfy its obligation to pay the Remaining Exercise Price through a “cashless exercise”, in which event the Company shall issue to the Holder the number of Warrant Shares in an exchange of securities effected pursuant to Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, determined as follows:

 

X = Y [(A-B)/A]

 

where:

 

“X” equals the number of Warrant Shares to be issued to the Holder;

 

“Y” equals the total number of Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant is then being exercised if such exercise were by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise;

 

“A” equals the Closing Sale Price of the shares of Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding the Exercise Date; and

 

“B” equals the Remaining Exercise Price then in effect for the applicable Warrant Shares at the time of such exercise.

 

The issue price for each such Warrant Shares to be issued pursuant to the cashless exercise of a Warrant will be equal to (B), as defined above, and the total issue price for the aggregate number of Warrant Shares issued pursuant to the cashless exercise of a Warrant will be deemed paid and satisfied in full by the deemed surrender to the Company of the portion of such Warrant being exercised in accordance with this Section 10.

 

For purposes of Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act, it is intended, understood and acknowledged that the Warrant Shares issued in a “cashless exercise” transaction shall be deemed to have been acquired by the Holder, and the holding period for the Warrant Shares shall be deemed to have commenced, on the Original Issue Date (provided that the Commission continues to take the position that such treatment is proper at the time of such exercise). In the event that a registration statement registering the issuance of Warrant Shares is, for any reason, not effective at the time of exercise of this Warrant, then this Warrant may only be exercised through a cashless exercise, as set forth in this Section 10. If the Warrant Shares are issued in such a cashless exercise, the Company acknowledges and agrees that, in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, the Exercise Shares issued in such exercise shall take on the registered characteristics of the Warrants being exercised and may be tacked on to the holding period of the Warrants being exercised. Except as set forth in Section 5(b) (Buy-in Remedy) and Section 12 (No Fractional Shares), in no event will the exercise of this Warrant be settled in cash.

 

10

 

 

11. Limitations on Exercise.

 

(a) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the Company shall not effect the exercise of any portion of this Warrant, and the Holder of this Warrant shall not have the right to exercise any portion of the Warrant, and any such exercise shall be null and void ab initio and treated as if the exercise had not been made, to the extent that immediately prior to or following such exercise, the Holder, together with the Attribution Parties, beneficially owns or would beneficially own as determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules promulgated thereunder, in excess of [4.99][9.99]% 1 (the “Maximum Percentage”) of the Common Stock that would be issued and outstanding following such exercise. For purposes of calculating beneficial ownership for determining whether the Maximum Percentage is or will be exceeded, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock held and/or beneficially owned by the Holder together with the Attribution Parties, shall include the number of shares of Common Stock held and/or beneficially owned by the Holder together with the Attribution Parties plus the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the relevant Warrant with respect to which the determination is being made but shall exclude the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, unexercised Warrant held and/or beneficially owned by the Holder or the Attribution Parties and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or unconverted portion of any other securities of the Company held and/or beneficially owned by such Holder or any Attribution Party (including, without limitation, any convertible notes, convertible stock or warrants) that are subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein. For purposes of this Paragraph 11(a), beneficial ownership of the Holder or the Attribution Parties shall, except as set forth in the immediately preceding sentence, be calculated and determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules promulgated thereunder. For purposes of this Warrant, in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder of this Warrant may rely on the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (1) the Company’s most recent Form 10-K, Form 10-Q, Current Report on Form 8-K or other public filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as the case may be, (2) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (3) any other notice by the Company or the Company’s transfer agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding (such issued and outstanding shares, the “Reported Outstanding Share Number”). For any reason at any time, upon the written or oral request of the Holder, the Company shall within one business day confirm orally and in writing or by electronic mail to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding. The Holder shall disclose to the Company the number of shares of Common Stock that it, together with the Attribution Parties holds and/or beneficially owns and has the right to acquire through the exercise of derivative securities and any limitations on exercise or conversion analogous to the limitation contained herein contemporaneously or immediately prior to submitting an Exercise Notice for the relevant Warrant. If the Company receives an Exercise Notice from the Holder at a time when the actual number of outstanding shares of Common Stock is less than the Reported Outstanding Share Number, the Company shall (i) notify the Holder in writing of the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding and, to the extent that such Exercise Notice would otherwise cause the Holder’s, together with the Attribution Parties’, beneficial ownership, as determined pursuant to this Section 11(a), to exceed the Maximum Percentage, the Holder must notify the Company of a reduced number of Warrant Shares to be purchased pursuant to such Exercise Notice (the number of shares by which such purchase is reduced, the “Reduction Shares”) or that no reduction is necessary in order to receive shares in compliance with the Maximum Percentage, and (ii) as soon as reasonably practicable, the Company shall return to the Holder any exercise price paid by the Holder for the Reduction Shares (if any) and to issue the shares to the Holder (reduced by the Reduction Shares, if applicable). In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder and the Attribution Parties since the date as of which the Reported Outstanding Share Number was reported. In the event that the issuance of Common Stock to the Holder upon exercise of this Warrant results in the Holder, together with the Attribution Parties, being deemed to beneficially own, in the aggregate, more than the Maximum Percentage of the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock (as determined under Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act), the number of shares so issued by which the Holder’s, together with the Attribution Parties’, aggregate beneficial ownership exceeds the Maximum Percentage (the “Excess Shares”) shall be deemed null and void and shall be cancelled ab initio, and the Holder and/or the Attribution Parties shall not have the power to vote or to transfer the Excess Shares. As soon as reasonably practicable after the issuance of the Excess Shares has been deemed null and void, the Company shall return to the Holder the exercise price paid by the Holder for the Excess Shares and the Holder shall return such Excess Shares (if in its possession) to the Company. By written notice to the Company, a Holder of this Warrant may from time to time increase or decrease the Maximum Percentage to any other percentage specified in such notice, provided, however, that (1) in no case shall the percentage specified be in excess of 19.99% and (2) any increase in the Maximum Percentage will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is delivered to the Company and shall not negatively affect any partial exercise effected prior to such change.

 

 

1Note to draft: Each Investor to confirm applicable Maximum Percentage.

 

11

 

 

(b) This Section 11 shall not restrict the number of shares of Common Stock which a Holder or the Attribution Parties may receive or beneficially own in order to determine the amount of securities or other consideration that such Holder or the Attribution Parties may receive in the event of a Fundamental Transaction as contemplated in Section 9(c) of this Warrant. For purposes of clarity, the shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the terms of this Warrant in excess of the Maximum Percentage shall not be deemed to be beneficially owned by the Holder or the Attribution Parties for any purpose including for purposes of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules promulgated thereunder or Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules promulgated thereunder, including Rule 16a-1(a)(1). No prior inability to exercise this Warrant pursuant to this paragraph shall have any effect on the applicability of the provisions of this paragraph with respect to any subsequent determination of exercisability. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 11 to the extent necessary to correct this paragraph or any portion of this paragraph which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended beneficial ownership limitation contained in this Section 11 or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation. The limitation contained in this paragraph may not be waived and shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.

 

12. No Fractional Shares. No fractional Warrant Shares will be issued in connection with any exercise of this Warrant. In lieu of any fractional shares that would otherwise be issuable, the number of Warrant Shares to be issued shall be rounded down to the next whole number.

 

13. Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries hereunder (including, without limitation, any Exercise Notice) shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of (a) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered confirmed e-mail prior to 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via confirmed e-mail on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on any Trading Day, (c) the Trading Day following the date of mailing, if sent by nationally recognized overnight courier service specifying next business day delivery, or (d) upon actual receipt by the Person to whom such notice is required to be given, if by hand delivery:

 

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(a) If to the Company, addressed as follows:

 

180 Life Sciences Corp.

3000 El Camino Real, Bldg 4, Suite 200

Palo Alto, California

 

94306

  Attention: Blair Jordan
    Eric Van Lent
  Email: [email protected]
    [email protected]

 

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice):

 

Reed Smith LLP

599 Lexington Avenue, 22nd Floor

New York, New York 10022

 

  Attention:

Robert E. Lustrin, Esq.

  Email:

[email protected]

  

and

 

The Loev Law Firm, PC
6300 West Loop South, Suite 280
Bellaire, Texas 77401
Attention: David Loev, Esq
Email: [email protected]

 

(b) If to the Holder, at its address or e-mail address set forth in the books and records of the Company, which may be modified by written notice from the Holder to the Company.

 

14. Warrant Agent. The Company shall initially serve as warrant agent under this Warrant. Upon ten (10) days’ notice to the Holder, the Company may appoint a new warrant agent. Any corporation into which the Company or any new warrant agent may be merged or any corporation resulting from any consolidation to which the Company or any new warrant agent shall be a party or any corporation to which the Company or any new warrant agent transfers substantially all of its corporate trust or shareholders services business shall be a successor warrant agent under this Warrant without any further act. Any such successor warrant agent shall promptly cause notice of its succession as warrant agent to be mailed (by first class mail, postage prepaid) to the Holder at the Holder’s last address as shown on the Warrant Register. The Holder acknowledges that this Warrant may be held in book-entry form through the facilities of the Company’s warrant agent and, at the request of the Holder, may be issued in definitive form.

 

15. Miscellaneous.

 

(a) No Rights as a Stockholder. Except as otherwise set forth in this Warrant, the Holder, solely in such Person’s capacity as a holder of this Warrant, shall not be entitled to vote or receive dividends or be deemed the holder of share capital of the Company for any purpose, nor shall anything contained in this Warrant be construed to confer upon the Holder, solely in such Person’s capacity as the Holder of this Warrant, any of the rights of a stockholder of the Company or any right to vote, give or withhold consent to any corporate action (whether any reorganization, issue of stock, reclassification of stock, consolidation, merger, amalgamation, conveyance or otherwise), receive notice of meetings, receive dividends or subscription rights, or otherwise, prior to the issuance to the Holder of the Warrant Shares which such Person is then entitled to receive upon the due exercise of this Warrant. In addition, nothing contained in this Warrant shall be construed as imposing any liabilities on the Holder to purchase any securities (upon exercise of this Warrant or otherwise) or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liabilities are asserted by the Company or by creditors of the Company.

 

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(b) Further Assurances. Except and to the extent as waived or consented to by the Holder, the Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation, amending its certificate or articles of incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale of securities or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, but will at all times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate to protect the rights of Holder as set forth in this Warrant against impairment. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company will (i) not increase the par value of any Warrant Shares above the amount payable therefor upon such exercise immediately prior to such increase in par value, (ii) take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and non-assessable Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant, and (iii) use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction thereof as may be necessary to enable the Company to perform its obligations under this Warrant. Before taking any action which would result in an adjustment in the number of Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercisable or in the Exercise Price, the Company shall obtain all such authorizations or exemptions thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary from any public regulatory body or bodies having jurisdiction thereof.

 

(c) Successors and Assigns. Subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, this Warrant may be assigned by the Holder. This Warrant may not be assigned by the Company without the written consent of the Holder, except to a successor in the event of a Fundamental Transaction. This Warrant shall be binding on and inure to the benefit of the Company and the Holder and their respective successors and assigns. Subject to the preceding sentence, nothing in this Warrant shall be construed to give to any Person other than the Company and the Holder any legal or equitable right, remedy or cause of action under this Warrant.

 

(d) Amendment and Waiver. This Warrant may be amended only in writing signed by the Company and the Holder, or their successors and assigns. Except as otherwise provided herein, the Company may take any action herein prohibited, or omit to perform any act herein required to be performed by it, only if the Company has obtained the written consent of the Holder.

 

(e) Acceptance. Receipt of this Warrant by the Holder shall constitute acceptance of and agreement to all of the terms and conditions contained herein.

 

(f) Governing Law; Jurisdiction. ALL QUESTIONS CONCERNING THE CONSTRUCTION, VALIDITY, ENFORCEMENT AND INTERPRETATION OF THIS WARRANT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT REGARD TO THE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW THEREOF. EACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE HOLDER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE STATE AND FEDERAL COURTS SITTING IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK, BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN, FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE HEREUNDER OR IN CONNECTION HEREWITH OR WITH ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR DISCUSSED HEREIN (INCLUDING WITH RESPECT TO THE ENFORCEMENT OF ANY OF THE TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS), AND HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, AND AGREES NOT TO ASSERT IN ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING, ANY CLAIM THAT IT IS NOT PERSONALLY SUBJECT TO THE JURISDICTION OF ANY SUCH COURT. EACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE HOLDER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES PERSONAL SERVICE OF PROCESS AND CONSENTS TO PROCESS BEING SERVED IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING BY MAILING A COPY THEREOF VIA REGISTERED OR CERTIFIED MAIL OR OVERNIGHT DELIVERY (WITH EVIDENCE OF DELIVERY) TO SUCH PERSON AT THE ADDRESS IN EFFECT FOR NOTICES TO IT AND AGREES THAT SUCH SERVICE SHALL CONSTITUTE GOOD AND SUFFICIENT SERVICE OF PROCESS AND NOTICE THEREOF. NOTHING CONTAINED HEREIN SHALL BE DEEMED TO LIMIT IN ANY WAY ANY RIGHT TO SERVE PROCESS IN ANY MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW. EACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE HOLDER HEREBY WAIVES ALL RIGHTS TO A TRIAL BY JURY.

 

(g) Headings. The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Warrant and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.

 

(h) Severability. If any part or provision of this Warrant is held unenforceable or in conflict with the applicable laws or regulations of any jurisdiction, the invalid or unenforceable part or provisions shall be replaced with a provision which accomplishes, to the extent possible, the original business purpose of such part or provision in a valid and enforceable manner, and the remainder of this Warrant shall remain binding upon the parties hereto.

 

[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

 

14

 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be duly executed by its authorized officer as of the date first indicated above.

 

  180 LIFE SCIENCES CORP.
     
  By:  
    Name:
    Title:

 

15

 

 

SCHEDULE 1

 

FORM OF EXERCISE NOTICE

 

[To be executed by the Holder to purchase shares of Common Stock under the Warrant]

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

(1) The undersigned is the Holder of Warrant No. __ (the “Warrant”) issued by 180 Life Sciences Corp., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”). Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein have the respective meanings set forth in the Warrant.

 

(2) The undersigned hereby exercises its right to purchase _____ Warrant Shares pursuant to the Warrant.

 

(3) The Holder intends that payment of the Remaining Exercise Price shall be made as (check one):

 

Cash Exercise

 

“Cashless Exercise” under Section 10 of the Warrant

 

(4) If the Holder has elected a Cash Exercise, the Holder shall pay the sum of $ _____ in immediately available funds to the Company in accordance with the terms of the Warrant.

 

(5) Pursuant to this Exercise Notice, the Company shall deliver to the Holder Warrant Shares determined in accordance with the terms of the Warrant. The Warrant Shares shall be delivered (check one):

 

  to the following DWAC Account Number: _______________________________
     
  in book-entry form via a direct registration system
     
 

by physical delivery of a certificate to:   __________________________________________________________

 

__________________________________________________________

     
  in restricted book-entry form in the Company’s share register

 

(6) By its delivery of this Exercise Notice, the undersigned represents and warrants to the Company that in giving effect to the exercise evidenced hereby the Holder (i) is an “accredited investor” as defined in Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and (ii) will not beneficially own in excess of the number of shares of Common Stock (as determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) permitted to be owned under Section 11(a) of the Warrant to which this notice relates.

 

     
Dated:    
   
Name of Holder:   
   
By:    
Name:    
Title:    

 

(Signature must conform in all respects to name of Holder as specified on the face of the Warrant)

 

I-1

 

Exhibit 4.2

 

THIS WARRANT AND THE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK ISSUABLE UPON THE EXERCISE OF THIS WARRANT (THE “SECURITIES”) HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OF THE UNITED STATES. THE SECURITIES HAVE BEEN ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD, TRANSFERRED, ASSIGNED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF EXCEPT PURSUANT TO (I) AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR (II) AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM SUCH REGISTRATION AND THE DELIVERY TO THE COMPANY OF AN OPINION OF COUNSEL REASONABLY SATISFACTORY TO IT THAT SUCH REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED.

 

FORM OF INITIAL STRATEGIC ADVISOR WARRANT TO PURCHASE COMMON STOCK

 

Number of Shares: []
(subject to adjustment)

 

Warrant No. SA-[]Original Issue Date: July 29, 2025

 

180 Life Sciences Corp., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), hereby certifies that, for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, [·] or its registered assigns (the “Holder”), is entitled, subject to the terms set forth below, to purchase from the Company up to a total of [·] shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share (the “Common Stock”), of the Company (each such share, a “Warrant Share” and all such shares, the “Warrant Shares”) at an exercise price per share equal to $2.775 (the “Exercise Price”), in each case as adjusted from time to time as provided in Section 9, upon surrender of this Strategic Advisor Warrant to Purchase Common Stock (including any Warrants to Purchase Common Stock issued in exchange, transfer or replacement hereof, the “Warrant”) at any time and from time to time on or after the Closing (as such term is defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement (as defined below)) (the “Initial Exercise Date”), subject to the following terms and conditions:

 

Notwithstanding anything in this Warrant to the contrary, if the Closing shall not have been completed on or prior to August [8], 2025, this Warrant shall automatically expire without any act on the part of the Company, and this Warrant shall be deemed returned, cancelled and of no further force and effect whatsoever.

 

This Warrant has been issued in connection with that certain Strategic Advisor Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (the “Original Issue Date”), by and between the Company and Holder (as amended, restated, supplemented, refinanced, extended or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Strategic Advisor Agreement”).

 

The Company represents and warrants that the number of Warrant Shares equal to [·]% of the Fully Diluted Capitalization (as defined below) of the Company as of the Original Issue Date.

 

1. Definitions. For purposes of this Warrant, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

 

Affiliate” means, with respect to any specified Person, (a) any other Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediates, controls, is controlled by or is under common control with such Person or (b) in the event that the specified Person is a natural Person, a Member of the Immediate Family of such Person; provided that the Company and each of its subsidiaries shall be deemed not to be Affiliates of any Investor. As used in this definition, the term “control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; provided that the Affiliates of any Person that is an investment fund shall not include any portfolio companies of such investment fund or any affiliated investment fund.

 

 

 

 

Attribution Parties” means, collectively, the following Persons and entities: (i) any direct or indirect Affiliates of the Holder, (ii) any investment vehicle, including, any funds, feeder funds or managed accounts, currently, or from time to time after the date hereof, directly or indirectly managed or advised by the Holder’s investment manager or any of its Affiliates or principals, (iii) any Person acting or who could be deemed to be acting as a Group together with the Holder or any Attribution Parties and (iv) any other Persons whose beneficial ownership of the Company’s Common Stock would or could be aggregated with the Holder’s and/or any other Attribution Parties for purposes of Section 13(d) or Section 16 of the Exchange Act. For clarity, the purpose of the foregoing is to subject collectively the Holder and all other Attribution Parties to the Maximum Percentage.

 

Closing Sale Price” means, for any security as of any date, the last trade price for such security on the Principal Trading Market for such security, as reported by Bloomberg Financial Markets, or, if such Principal Trading Market begins to operate on an extended hours basis and does not designate the last trade price, then the last trade price of such security prior to 4:00 P.M., New York City time, as reported by Bloomberg Financial Markets, or if the foregoing do not apply, the last trade price of such security in the over-the-counter market on the electronic bulletin board for such security as reported by Bloomberg Financial Markets. If the Closing Sale Price cannot be calculated for a security on a particular date on any of the foregoing bases, the Closing Sale Price of such security on such date shall be the fair market value as mutually determined by the Company and the Holder. If the Company and the Holder are unable to agree upon the fair market value of such security, then the Board of Directors of the Company shall use its good faith judgment to determine the fair market value. The Board of Directors’ determination shall be binding upon all parties absent demonstrable error. All such determinations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination or other similar transaction during the applicable calculation period.

 

Commission” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

Exchange Act” means the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and all of the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

Fully Diluted Capitalization” means the sum of the total number of issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock (assuming the full conversion and exercise of all convertible and/or exercisable securities of the Company without regard to any vesting or limitations or restrictions on conversion or exercise) after giving effect to consummation of the transactions contemplated by that certain Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of the Original Issue Date, by and among the Company and the Investors identified therein (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”), including the issuance or deemed issuance of the Shares, Pre-Funded Warrants, the Strategic Advisor Warrants (including this Warrant) and the Management Equity Grants (in each case as defined therein), plus, the total number of shares reserved and available for issuance pursuant to any Company stock option, equity incentive or similar plan.

 

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Group” shall have the meaning ascribed to it in Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act, and all related rules, regulations and jurisprudence.

 

Member of the Immediate Family” means, with respect to any Person who is an individual, (a) each parent, spouse (but not including a former spouse or a spouse from whom such Person is legally separated) or child (including those adopted) of such individual and (b) each trustee, solely in his or her capacity as trustee, for a trust naming only one or more of the Persons listed in sub-clause (a) as beneficiaries.

 

Person” means an individual, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, business trust, joint stock company, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or any other entity or organization.

 

Principal Trading Market” means the national securities exchange or other trading market on which the Common Stock is primarily listed on and quoted for trading, which, as of the Original Issue Date, is the Nasdaq Capital Market.

 

Securities Act” means the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and all of the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

Standard Settlement Period” means the standard settlement period, expressed in a number of Trading Days, for the Principal Trading Market with respect to the Common Stock that is in effect on the date of delivery of an applicable Exercise Notice, which as of the Original Issue Date was “T+1.”

 

Trading Day” means any weekday on which the Principal Trading Market is open for trading.

 

Transfer Agent” means Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, the Company’s transfer agent and registrar for the Common Stock, and any successor appointed in such capacity.

 

2. Issuance of Securities; Registration of Warrants. The Company shall register ownership of this Warrant, upon records to be maintained by the Company for that purpose (the “Warrant Register”), in the name of the record Holder (which shall include the initial Holder or, as the case may be, any assignee to which this Warrant is permissibly assigned hereunder) from time to time. The Company may deem and treat the registered Holder of this Warrant as the absolute owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution to the Holder, and for all other purposes, absent actual notice to the contrary.

 

3. Registration of Transfers. This Warrant and all rights hereunder (including, without limitation, any registration rights in respect of the Warrant Shares) are transferable, in whole or in part, upon surrender of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company or its designated agent, together with a written assignment of this Warrant substantially in the form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder or its agent or attorney, duly authorized, and funds sufficient to pay any transfer taxes payable upon the making of such transfer. Subject to compliance with all applicable securities laws, the Company shall, or will cause its Transfer Agent to, register the transfer of all or any portion of this Warrant in the Warrant Register, upon surrender of this Warrant, and payment for all applicable transfer taxes (if any). Upon any such registration or transfer, a new warrant to purchase Common Stock in substantially the form of this Warrant (any such new warrant, a “New Warrant”) evidencing the portion of this Warrant so transferred shall be issued to the transferee, and a New Warrant evidencing the remaining portion of this Warrant not so transferred, if any, shall be issued to the transferring Holder. The acceptance of the New Warrant by the transferee thereof shall be deemed acceptance by such transferee of all of the rights and obligations in respect of the New Warrant that the Holder has in respect of this Warrant. The Company shall, or will cause its Transfer Agent to, prepare, issue and deliver at the Company’s own expense any New Warrant under this Section 3. Until due presentment for registration of transfer, the Company may treat the registered Holder hereof as the owner and holder for all purposes, and the Company shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary.

 

3

 

4. Exercise of Warrants.

 

(a) All or any part of this Warrant shall be exercisable by the registered Holder in any manner permitted by this Warrant (including Section 11) at any time and from time to time on or after the Initial Exercise Date, and such rights shall not expire until exercised in full.

 

(b) The Holder may exercise this Warrant by delivering to the Company (i) an exercise notice, in the form attached as Schedule 1 hereto (the “Exercise Notice”), completed and duly signed, and (ii) payment of the Exercise Price for the number of Warrant Shares as to which this Warrant is being exercised (which may take the form of a “cashless exercise” if so indicated in the Exercise Notice pursuant to Section 10 below), and the date on which the last of such items is delivered to the Company (as determined in accordance with the notice provisions hereof) is an “Exercise Date.” The Holder shall not be required to deliver the original Warrant in order to effect an exercise hereunder. Execution and delivery of the Exercise Notice shall have the same effect as cancellation of the original Warrant and issuance of a New Warrant evidencing the right to purchase the remaining number of Warrant Shares, if any. The Holder and the Company shall maintain records showing the number of Warrant Shares purchased and the date of such purchases. The Company shall deliver any objection to any Notice of Exercise within two (2) Trading Days of receipt of such notice.

 

(c) The Holder and any assignee, by acceptance of this Warrant, acknowledge and agree that, by reason of the provisions of this section, following the purchase of a portion of the Warrant Shares hereunder, the number of Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any given time may be less than the amount stated on the face hereof.

 

5. Delivery of Warrant Shares.

 

(a) Upon exercise of this Warrant, the Company shall promptly (but in no event later than the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period following the Exercise Date), upon the request of the Holder, cause the Transfer Agent to credit such aggregate number of shares of Common Stock specified by the Holder in the Exercise Notice and to which the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise (the “Exercise Shares”) to (i) the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) through its Deposit Withdrawal At Custodian system or (ii) in book-entry form via a direct registration system (“DRS”) maintained by or on behalf of the Transfer Agent, in each case, so long as either (A) there is an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or the resale of such Warrant Shares by the Holder or (B) the Exercise Shares are eligible for resale by the Holder without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions pursuant to Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act (assuming cashless exercise of this Warrant). If (A) and (B) above are not true, the Company shall cause the Transfer Agent to either (i) record the Exercise Shares in the name of the Holder or its designee on the certificates reflecting the Exercise Shares with an appropriate legend regarding restriction on transferability and stop transfer notation, which shall be issued and dispatched by overnight courier to the address as specified in the Exercise Notice, and on the Company’s share register or (ii) issue such Exercise Shares in the name of the Holder or its designee in restricted book-entry form in the Company’s share register reflecting such legend and notation; provided, that in the case of (i) above, the Standard Settlement Period shall be deemed to mean the third Trading Day following the Exercise Date. The Holder, or any Person so designated by the Holder to receive Warrant Shares, shall be deemed to have become the holder of record of such Warrant Shares as of the Exercise Date, irrespective of the date such Warrant Shares are credited to the Holder’s DTC account, the date of the book entry positions or the date of delivery of the certificates evidencing such Exercise Shares, as the case may be.

 

4

 

(b) In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to deliver to the Holder or its designee Exercise Shares in the manner required pursuant to Section 5(a) within the Standard Settlement Period following the Exercise Date (other than a failure caused by incorrect or incomplete information provided by the Holder to the Company) and the Holder or the Holder’s broker on its behalf purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such exercise (a “Buy-In”) but did not receive within the Standard Settlement Period, then the Company shall, within two (2) Trading Days after the Holder’s request and in the Holder’s sole discretion, promptly honor its obligation to deliver to the Holder or its designee the Exercise Shares pursuant to Section 5(a) and pay cash to the Holder in an amount equal to the excess (if any) of the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased in the Buy-In, less the product of (A) the number of shares of Common Stock purchased in the Buy-In, times (B) the Closing Sale Price of a share of Common Stock on the Exercise Date. The Holder shall provide the Company with written notice promptly after the occurrence of a Buy-In, indicating the amounts payable to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In together with applicable confirmations and other evidence reasonably requested by the Company.

 

(c) To the extent permitted by law and subject to Section 5(b), the Company’s obligations to issue and deliver Warrant Shares in accordance with and subject to the terms hereof (including the limitations set forth in Section 11 below) are absolute and unconditional, irrespective of any action or inaction by the Holder to enforce the same, any waiver or consent with respect to any provision hereof, the recovery of any judgment against any Person or any action to enforce the same, or any setoff, counterclaim, recoupment, limitation or termination, or any breach or alleged breach by the Holder or any other Person of any obligation to the Company or any violation or alleged violation of law by the Holder or any other Person, and irrespective of any other circumstance that might otherwise limit such obligation of the Company to the Holder in connection with the issuance of Warrant Shares. Subject to Section 5(b), nothing herein shall limit the Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver Exercise Shares; provided, however, that the Holder shall not be entitled to both (i) require the Company to reinstate the portion of the Warrant and equivalent number of Warrant Shares for which such exercise was not timely honored and (ii) receive the number of shares of Common Stock that would have been issued if the Company had timely complied with its delivery requirements under Section 5(a).

 

5

 

6. Charges, Taxes and Expenses. Issuance and delivery of Exercise Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer tax, transfer agent fee or other incidental tax or expense (excluding any applicable stamp duties) in respect of the issuance of such shares, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to pay any tax that may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the registration of any Warrant Shares or the Warrants in a name other than that of the Holder or an Affiliate thereof. The Holder shall be responsible for all other tax liabilities that may arise as a result of holding or transferring this Warrant or receiving Warrant Shares upon exercise hereof. Each party hereto intends that this Warrant shall be treated as an option (and not as stock) for U.S. federal (and applicable state and local) income tax purposes (the “Intended Tax Treatment”). Each party hereto agrees to report the Warrant consistently with the Intended Tax Treatment and no party will take any position inconsistent with the Intended Tax Treatment in the filing of any tax returns, in the course of any audit or tax review by any governmental authority relating to any tax returns, or otherwise, unless required by a “determination” within the meaning of Section 1313(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

7. Replacement of Warrant. If this Warrant is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation hereof, or in lieu of and substitution for this Warrant, a New Warrant, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction (in such case) and, in each case, a customary contractual indemnity reasonably acceptable to the Company, if requested. If a New Warrant is requested as a result of a mutilation of this Warrant, then the Holder shall deliver such mutilated Warrant to the Company as a condition precedent to the Company’s obligation to issue the New Warrant.

 

8. Reservation of Warrant Shares. The Company covenants that it will, at all times while this Warrant is outstanding, reserve and keep available out of the aggregate of its authorized but unissued and otherwise unreserved Common Stock, solely for the purpose of enabling it to issue Warrant Shares upon exercise of this Warrant as herein provided, the number of Warrant Shares that are at all times issuable and deliverable upon the exercise of this entire Warrant (without regard to any limitations or restrictions on exercise of this Warrant, including without limitation, the Maximum Percentage (as defined below)), free from preemptive rights or any other contingent purchase rights of persons other than the Holder (taking into account the adjustments and restrictions of Section 9). The Company covenants that all Warrant Shares so issuable and deliverable shall, upon issuance and the payment of the applicable Exercise Price in accordance with the terms hereof, be duly and validly authorized, issued and fully paid and non-assessable. The Company will take all such action as may be reasonably necessary to assure that such shares of Common Stock may be issued as provided herein without violation by the Company of any applicable law or regulation, or of any requirements of any securities exchange or automated quotation system upon which the Common Stock may be listed. The Company further covenants that it will not, without the prior written consent of the Holder, take any actions to increase the par value of the Common Stock at any time while this Warrant is outstanding.

 

6

 

9. Certain Adjustments. The Exercise Price and number of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant (the “Number of Warrant Shares”) are subject to adjustment from time to time as set forth in this Section 9.

 

(a) Stock Dividends and Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, (i) pays a stock dividend on its Common Stock or otherwise makes a distribution on any class of capital stock issued and outstanding on the Original Issue Date and in accordance with the terms of such stock on the Original Issue Date or as amended, that is payable in shares of Common Stock, (ii) subdivides its outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares of Common Stock, (iii) combines its outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares of Common Stock or (iv) issues by reclassification of shares of capital stock any additional shares of Common Stock of the Company, then in each such case the Number of Warrant Shares shall be multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event and the denominator of which shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately before such event. Any adjustment made pursuant to clause (i) of this paragraph shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution, provided, however, that if such record date shall have been fixed and such dividend is not fully paid on the date fixed therefor, the Number of Warrant Shares shall be recomputed accordingly as of the close of business on such record date and thereafter the Number of Warrant Shares shall be adjusted pursuant to this paragraph as of the time of actual payment of such dividends. Any adjustment pursuant to clause (ii), (iii) or (iv) of this paragraph shall become effective immediately after the effective date of such subdivision, combination or issuance.

 

(b) Pro Rata Distributions. If, on or after the Original Issue Date, the Company shall declare or make any dividend or other pro rata distribution of its assets (or rights to acquire its assets) to holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property, options, evidence of indebtedness or any other assets by way of a dividend, spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction, but, for the avoidance of doubt, excluding any distribution of shares of Common Stock subject to Section 9(a), any distribution of Purchase Rights (as defined below) subject to Section 9(c) and any Fundamental Transaction (as defined below) subject to Section 9(d)) (a “Distribution”) then, in each such case, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution to the same extent that the Holder would have participated therein if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations or restrictions on exercise of this Warrant, including without limitation, the Maximum Percentage) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the participation in such Distribution; provided, that to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Distribution would result in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Distribution to such extent (and shall not be entitled to beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Distribution to such extent) and the portion of such Distribution shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time or times as its right thereto would not result in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage, at which time or times the Holder shall be granted such Distribution (and any Distributions declared or made on such initial Distribution or on any subsequent Distribution held similarly in abeyance) to the same extent as if there had been no such limitation.

 

7

 

(c) Purchase Rights. If at any time on or after the Original Issue Date, the Company grants, issues or sells any Options, Convertible Securities or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property, in each case pro rata to the record holders of any class of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations or restrictions on exercise of this Warrant, including without limitation, the Maximum Percentage) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights; provided, that to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (and shall not be entitled to beneficial ownership of such Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right (and beneficial ownership) to such extent) and at the Holder’s election, in its sole discretion, either (1) such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time or times as its right thereto would not result in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage, at which time or times the Holder shall be granted such right (and any Purchase Right granted, issued or sold on such initial Purchase Right or on any subsequent Purchase Right to be held similarly in abeyance) to the same extent as if there had been no such limitation or (2) the Company shall offer the Holder the right upon exercise of such Purchase Right to acquire a security (e.g. a pre-funded warrant) that would not result in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage but will otherwise to the extent possible have economic and other rights, preferences and privileges substantially consistent and on par with the securities or other property issuable upon exercise of the originally offered Purchase Rights). As used in this Section 9(c), (i) “Options” means any rights, warrants or options to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock or Convertible Securities and (ii) “Convertible Securities” mean any stock or securities (other than Options) directly or indirectly convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock.

 

(d) Fundamental Transactions. If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any merger or amalgamation or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person, in which the Company is not the surviving entity or in which the stockholders of the Company immediately prior to such merger or consolidation do not own, directly or indirectly, at least 50% of the voting power of the surviving entity immediately after such merger or consolidation, (ii) the Company effects any sale to another Person of all or substantially all of its assets in one or a series of related transactions, (iii) pursuant to any tender offer or exchange offer (whether by the Company or another Person), holders of capital stock tender shares representing more than 50% of the voting power of the capital stock of the Company and the Company or such other Person, as applicable, accepts such tender for payment, (iv) the Company consummates a stock purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with another Person whereby such other Person acquires more than 50% of the voting power of the capital stock of the Company (except for any such transaction in which the stockholders of the Company immediately prior to such transaction maintain, in substantially the same proportions, the voting power of such Person immediately after the transaction) or (v) the Company effects any reclassification of the Common Stock or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property (other than as a result of a subdivision or combination of shares of Common Stock covered by Section 9(a) above) (in any such case, a “Fundamental Transaction”), then following such Fundamental Transaction, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Warrant Share that would have been issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction, at the option of the Holder, the same amount and kind of securities, cash or property as it would have been entitled to receive upon the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction if it had been, immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction, the holder of the number of Warrant Shares then issuable upon exercise in full of this Warrant (including any Distributions or Purchase Rights then held in abeyance pursuant to Sections 9(b) or 9(c) above) without regard to any limitations on exercise contained herein (the “Alternate Consideration”). The Company shall not effect any Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the surviving entity or the Alternate Consideration includes securities of another Person unless (i) the Alternate Consideration is solely cash and the Company provides for the simultaneous “cashless exercise” of this Warrant pursuant to Section 10 below or (ii) prior to or simultaneously with the consummation thereof, any successor to the Company, surviving entity or other Person (including any purchaser of assets of the Company) shall assume the obligation to deliver to the Holder such Alternate Consideration as, in accordance with the foregoing provisions, the Holder may be entitled to receive, and the other obligations under this Warrant. Notwithstanding, anything to the contrary contained herein, the Company shall cause any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant in accordance with the provisions of this Section 9(d). Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Company herein. For the avoidance of doubt, the Holder shall be entitled to the benefits of the provisions of this Section 9(d) regardless of (i) whether the Company has sufficient authorized shares of Common Stock for the issuance of Warrant Shares and/or (ii) whether a Fundamental Transaction occurs prior to the Exercise Date. The provisions of this paragraph (d) shall similarly apply to subsequent transactions analogous to a Fundamental Transaction type.

 

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(e) Number of Warrant Shares. Simultaneously with any adjustment to the Number of Warrant Shares pursuant to Section 9, the Exercise Price shall be increased or decreased proportionately, so that after such adjustment the aggregate Exercise Price payable hereunder for the increased or decreased Number of Warrant Shares shall be the same as the aggregate Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such adjustment. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event may the Exercise Price be adjusted below the par value of the Common Stock then in effect.

 

(f) Calculations. All calculations under this Section 9 shall be made to the nearest one-tenth of one cent or rounded down to the nearest whole share, as applicable.

 

(g) Notice of Adjustments. Upon the occurrence of each adjustment pursuant to this Section 9, the Company at its expense will, at the written request of the Holder, promptly compute such adjustment, in good faith, in accordance with the terms of this Warrant and prepare a certificate setting forth such adjustment, including a statement of the adjusted Exercise Price and adjusted number or type of Warrant Shares or other securities issuable upon exercise of this Warrant (as applicable), describing the transactions giving rise to such adjustments and showing in detail the facts upon which such adjustment is based. Upon written request, the Company will promptly deliver a copy of each such certificate to the Holder and to the Company’s transfer agent.

 

(h) Notice of Corporate Events. If, while this Warrant is outstanding, the Company (i) declares a dividend or any other distribution of cash, securities or other property in respect of its Common Stock, including, without limitation, any granting of rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any capital stock of the Company or any subsidiary, (ii) authorizes or approves, enters into any agreement contemplating or solicits stockholder approval for any Fundamental Transaction or (iii) authorizes the voluntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then the Company shall deliver to the Holder a notice of such transaction at least ten (10) business days prior to the applicable record or effective date on which a Person would need to hold Common Stock in order to participate in or vote with respect to such transaction; provided, however, that the failure to deliver such notice or any defect therein shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be described in such notice. In addition, if while this Warrant is outstanding, the Company authorizes or approves, enters into any agreement contemplating or solicits stockholder approval for any Fundamental Transaction contemplated by Section 9(d), other than a Fundamental Transaction under clause (iii) of Section 9(d), the Company shall deliver to the Holder a notice of such Fundamental Transaction at least ten (10) business days prior to the date such Fundamental Transaction is consummated. Holder agrees to maintain any information disclosed pursuant to this Section 9(h) in confidence until such information is publicly available, and shall comply with applicable law with respect to trading in the Company’s securities following receipt of any such information. Notwithstanding anything in this Section 9 to the contrary, the Company shall be deemed to have provided the information required to be delivered to a Holder under this Section 9 if disseminated by press release or filed in any report or statement filed with the Commission prior to the applicable deadline.

 

(i) Voluntary Adjustment By Company. Subject to the rules and regulations of the Principal Trading Market, the Company may at any time during the term of this Warrant, reduce the then-current Exercise Price to any amount and for any period of time deemed appropriate by the board of directors of the Company.

 

9

 

10. Payment of Exercise Price. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, the Holder may, in its sole discretion, satisfy its obligation to pay the Exercise Price through a “cashless exercise”, in which event the Company shall issue to the Holder the number of Warrant Shares in an exchange of securities effected pursuant to Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, determined as follows:

 

X = Y [(A-B)/A]

 

where:

 

“X” equals the number of Warrant Shares to be issued to the Holder;

 

“Y” equals the total number of Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant is then being exercised if such exercise were by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise;

 

“A” equals the Closing Sale Price of the shares of Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding the Exercise Date; and

 

“B” equals the Exercise Price then in effect for the applicable Warrant Shares at the time of such exercise.

 

The issue price for each such Warrant Shares to be issued pursuant to the cashless exercise of a Warrant will be equal to (B), as defined above, and the total issue price for the aggregate number of Warrant Shares issued pursuant to the cashless exercise of a Warrant will be deemed paid and satisfied in full by the deemed surrender to the Company of the portion of such Warrant being exercised in accordance with this Section 10.

 

For purposes of Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act, it is intended, understood and acknowledged that the Warrant Shares issued in a “cashless exercise” transaction shall be deemed to have been acquired by the Holder, and the holding period for the Warrant Shares shall be deemed to have commenced, on the Original Issue Date (provided that the Commission continues to take the position that such treatment is proper at the time of such exercise). In the event that a registration statement registering the issuance of Warrant Shares is, for any reason, not effective at the time of exercise of this Warrant, then this Warrant may only be exercised through a cashless exercise, as set forth in this Section 10. If the Warrant Shares are issued in such a cashless exercise, the Company acknowledges and agrees that, in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, the Exercise Shares issued in such exercise shall take on the registered characteristics of the Warrants being exercised and may be tacked on to the holding period of the Warrants being exercised. Except as set forth in Section 5(b) (Buy-in Remedy) and Section 12 (No Fractional Shares), in no event will the exercise of this Warrant be settled in cash.

 

10

 

11. Limitations on Exercise.

 

(a) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the Company shall not effect the exercise of any portion of this Warrant, and the Holder of this Warrant shall not have the right to exercise any portion of the Warrant, and any such exercise shall be null and void ab initio and treated as if the exercise had not been made, to the extent that immediately prior to or following such exercise, the Holder, together with the Attribution Parties, beneficially owns or would beneficially own as determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules promulgated thereunder, in excess of 4.99% (the “Maximum Percentage”) of the Common Stock that would be issued and outstanding following such exercise. For purposes of calculating beneficial ownership for determining whether the Maximum Percentage is or will be exceeded, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock held and/or beneficially owned by the Holder together with the Attribution Parties, shall include the number of shares of Common Stock held and/or beneficially owned by the Holder together with the Attribution Parties plus the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the relevant Warrant with respect to which the determination is being made but shall exclude the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, unexercised Warrant held and/or beneficially owned by the Holder or the Attribution Parties and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or unconverted portion of any other securities of the Company held and/or beneficially owned by such Holder or any Attribution Party (including, without limitation, any convertible notes, convertible stock or warrants) that are subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein. For purposes of this Paragraph 11(a), beneficial ownership of the Holder or the Attribution Parties shall, except as set forth in the immediately preceding sentence, be calculated and determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules promulgated thereunder. For purposes of this Warrant, in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder of this Warrant may rely on the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (1) the Company’s most recent Form 10-K, Form 10-Q, Current Report on Form 8-K or other public filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as the case may be, (2) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (3) any other notice by the Company or the Company’s transfer agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding (such issued and outstanding shares, the “Reported Outstanding Share Number”). For any reason at any time, upon the written or oral request of the Holder, the Company shall within one business day confirm orally and in writing or by electronic mail to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding. The Holder shall disclose to the Company the number of shares of Common Stock that it, together with the Attribution Parties holds and/or beneficially owns and has the right to acquire through the exercise of derivative securities and any limitations on exercise or conversion analogous to the limitation contained herein contemporaneously or immediately prior to submitting an Exercise Notice for the relevant Warrant. If the Company receives an Exercise Notice from the Holder at a time when the actual number of outstanding shares of Common Stock is less than the Reported Outstanding Share Number, the Company shall (i) notify the Holder in writing of the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding and, to the extent that such Exercise Notice would otherwise cause the Holder’s, together with the Attribution Parties’, beneficial ownership, as determined pursuant to this Section 11(a), to exceed the Maximum Percentage, the Holder must notify the Company of a reduced number of Warrant Shares to be purchased pursuant to such Exercise Notice (the number of shares by which such purchase is reduced, the “Reduction Shares”) and (ii) as soon as reasonably practicable, the Company shall return to the Holder any exercise price paid by the Holder for the Reduction Shares. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder and the Attribution Parties since the date as of which the Reported Outstanding Share Number was reported. In the event that the issuance of Common Stock to the Holder upon exercise of this Warrant results in the Holder, together with the Attribution Parties, being deemed to beneficially own, in the aggregate, more than the Maximum Percentage of the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock (as determined under Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act), the number of shares so issued by which the Holder’s, together with the Attribution Parties’, aggregate beneficial ownership exceeds the Maximum Percentage (the “Excess Shares”) shall be deemed null and void and shall be cancelled ab initio, and the Holder and/or the Attribution Parties shall not have the power to vote or to transfer the Excess Shares. As soon as reasonably practicable after the issuance of the Excess Shares has been deemed null and void, the Company shall return to the Holder the exercise price paid by the Holder for the Excess Shares. By written notice to the Company, a Holder of this Warrant may from time to time increase or decrease the Maximum Percentage to any other percentage not in excess of 19.99% specified in such notice; provided that any increase in the Maximum Percentage will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is delivered to the Company and shall not negatively affect any partial exercise effected prior to such change.

 

11

 

(b) This Section 11 shall not restrict the number of shares of Common Stock which a Holder or the Attribution Parties may receive or beneficially own in order to determine the amount of securities or other consideration that such Holder or the Attribution Parties may receive in the event of a Fundamental Transaction as contemplated in Section 9(c) of this Warrant. For purposes of clarity, the shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the terms of this Warrant in excess of the Maximum Percentage shall not be deemed to be beneficially owned by the Holder or the Attribution Parties for any purpose including for purposes of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules promulgated thereunder or Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules promulgated thereunder, including Rule 16a-1(a)(1). No prior inability to exercise this Warrant pursuant to this paragraph shall have any effect on the applicability of the provisions of this paragraph with respect to any subsequent determination of exercisability. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 11 to the extent necessary to correct this paragraph or any portion of this paragraph which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended beneficial ownership limitation contained in this Section 11 or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation. The limitation contained in this paragraph may not be waived and shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.

 

12. No Fractional Shares. No fractional Warrant Shares will be issued in connection with any exercise of this Warrant. In lieu of any fractional shares that would otherwise be issuable, the number of Warrant Shares to be issued shall be rounded down to the next whole number.

 

13. Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries hereunder (including, without limitation, any Exercise Notice) shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of (a) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered confirmed e-mail prior to 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via confirmed e-mail on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on any Trading Day, (c) the Trading Day following the date of mailing, if sent by nationally recognized overnight courier service specifying next business day delivery, or (d) upon actual receipt by the Person to whom such notice is required to be given, if by hand delivery:

 

(a) If to the Company, addressed as follows:

 

180 Life Sciences Corp.

3000 El Camino Real, Bldg 4, Suite 200

Palo Alto, California 

94306
Attention: Blair Jordan
Eric Van Lent
Email: [email protected]
[email protected]

 

 

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice):

 

Reed Smith LLP

599 Lexington Avenue, 22nd Floor

New York, New York 10022

 

Attention: Robert E. Lustrin, Esq.
Email:
[email protected]

 

and

 

The Loev Law Firm, PC
6300 West Loop South, Suite 280
Bellaire, Texas 77401
Attention: David Loev, Esq
Email: [email protected]

 

(b) If to the Holder, at its address or e-mail address set forth in the books and records of the Company, which may be modified by written notice from the Holder to the Company.

 

12

 

14. Warrant Agent. The Company shall initially serve as warrant agent under this Warrant. Upon ten (10) days’ notice to the Holder, the Company may appoint a new warrant agent. Any corporation into which the Company or any new warrant agent may be merged or any corporation resulting from any consolidation to which the Company or any new warrant agent shall be a party or any corporation to which the Company or any new warrant agent transfers substantially all of its corporate trust or shareholders services business shall be a successor warrant agent under this Warrant without any further act. Any such successor warrant agent shall promptly cause notice of its succession as warrant agent to be mailed (by first class mail, postage prepaid) to the Holder at the Holder’s last address as shown on the Warrant Register. The Holder acknowledges that this Warrant may be held in book-entry form through the facilities of the Company’s warrant agent and, at the request of the Holder, may be issued in definitive form.

 

15. Miscellaneous.

 

(a) No Rights as a Stockholder. Except as otherwise set forth in this Warrant, the Holder, solely in such Person’s capacity as a holder of this Warrant, shall not be entitled to vote or receive dividends or be deemed the holder of share capital of the Company for any purpose, nor shall anything contained in this Warrant be construed to confer upon the Holder, solely in such Person’s capacity as the Holder of this Warrant, any of the rights of a stockholder of the Company or any right to vote, give or withhold consent to any corporate action (whether any reorganization, issue of stock, reclassification of stock, consolidation, merger, amalgamation, conveyance or otherwise), receive notice of meetings, receive dividends or subscription rights, or otherwise, prior to the issuance to the Holder of the Warrant Shares which such Person is then entitled to receive upon the due exercise of this Warrant. In addition, nothing contained in this Warrant shall be construed as imposing any liabilities on the Holder to purchase any securities (upon exercise of this Warrant or otherwise) or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liabilities are asserted by the Company or by creditors of the Company.

 

(b) Further Assurances. Except and to the extent as waived or consented to by the Holder, the Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation, amending its certificate or articles of incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale of securities or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, but will at all times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate to protect the rights of Holder as set forth in this Warrant against impairment. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company will (i) not increase the par value of any Warrant Shares above the amount payable therefor upon such exercise immediately prior to such increase in par value, (ii) take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and non-assessable Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant, and (iii) use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction thereof as may be necessary to enable the Company to perform its obligations under this Warrant. Before taking any action which would result in an adjustment in the number of Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercisable or in the Exercise Price, the Company shall obtain all such authorizations or exemptions thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary from any public regulatory body or bodies having jurisdiction thereof.

 

(c) Successors and Assigns. Subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, this Warrant may be assigned by the Holder. This Warrant may not be assigned by the Company without the written consent of the Holder, except to a successor in the event of a Fundamental Transaction. This Warrant shall be binding on and inure to the benefit of the Company and the Holder and their respective successors and assigns. Subject to the preceding sentence, nothing in this Warrant shall be construed to give to any Person other than the Company and the Holder any legal or equitable right, remedy or cause of action under this Warrant.

 

13

 

(d) Amendment and Waiver. This Warrant may be amended only in writing signed by the Company and the Holder, or their successors and assigns. Except as otherwise provided herein, the Company may take any action herein prohibited, or omit to perform any act herein required to be performed by it, only if the Company has obtained the written consent of the Holder.

 

(e) Acceptance. Receipt of this Warrant by the Holder shall constitute acceptance of and agreement to all of the terms and conditions contained herein.

 

(f) Governing Law; Jurisdiction. ALL QUESTIONS CONCERNING THE CONSTRUCTION, VALIDITY, ENFORCEMENT AND INTERPRETATION OF THIS WARRANT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT REGARD TO THE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW THEREOF. EACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE HOLDER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE STATE AND FEDERAL COURTS SITTING IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK, BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN, FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE HEREUNDER OR IN CONNECTION HEREWITH OR WITH ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR DISCUSSED HEREIN (INCLUDING WITH RESPECT TO THE ENFORCEMENT OF ANY OF THE TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS), AND HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, AND AGREES NOT TO ASSERT IN ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING, ANY CLAIM THAT IT IS NOT PERSONALLY SUBJECT TO THE JURISDICTION OF ANY SUCH COURT. EACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE HOLDER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES PERSONAL SERVICE OF PROCESS AND CONSENTS TO PROCESS BEING SERVED IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING BY MAILING A COPY THEREOF VIA REGISTERED OR CERTIFIED MAIL OR OVERNIGHT DELIVERY (WITH EVIDENCE OF DELIVERY) TO SUCH PERSON AT THE ADDRESS IN EFFECT FOR NOTICES TO IT AND AGREES THAT SUCH SERVICE SHALL CONSTITUTE GOOD AND SUFFICIENT SERVICE OF PROCESS AND NOTICE THEREOF. NOTHING CONTAINED HEREIN SHALL BE DEEMED TO LIMIT IN ANY WAY ANY RIGHT TO SERVE PROCESS IN ANY MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW. EACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE HOLDER HEREBY WAIVES ALL RIGHTS TO A TRIAL BY JURY.

 

(g) Headings. The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Warrant and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.

 

(h) Severability. If any part or provision of this Warrant is held unenforceable or in conflict with the applicable laws or regulations of any jurisdiction, the invalid or unenforceable part or provisions shall be replaced with a provision which accomplishes, to the extent possible, the original business purpose of such part or provision in a valid and enforceable manner, and the remainder of this Warrant shall remain binding upon the parties hereto.

 

[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

 

14

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be duly executed by its authorized officer as of the date first indicated above.

 

  180 LIFE SCIENCES CORP.
     
  By:
    Name:
    Title:

 

15

 

SCHEDULE 1

 

FORM OF EXERCISE NOTICE

 

[To be executed by the Holder to purchase shares of Common Stock under the Warrant]

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

(1) The undersigned is the Holder of Warrant No. SA-__ (the “Warrant”) issued by 180 Life Sciences Corp., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”). Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein have the respective meanings set forth in the Warrant.

 

(2) The undersigned hereby exercises its right to purchase _____ Warrant Shares pursuant to the Warrant.

 

(3) The Holder intends that payment of the Exercise Price shall be made as (check one):

 

  Cash Exercise

 

    “Cashless Exercise” under Section 10 of the Warrant

 

(4) If the Holder has elected a Cash Exercise, the Holder shall pay the sum of $ _____ in immediately available funds to the Company in accordance with the terms of the Warrant.

 

(5) Pursuant to this Exercise Notice, the Company shall deliver to the Holder Warrant Shares determined in accordance with the terms of the Warrant. The Warrant Shares shall be delivered (check one):

 

  to the following DWAC Account Number: _______________________________
     
  in book-entry form via a direct registration system
     
 

by physical delivery of a certificate to:   ______________________________________________________

 

______________________________________________________

 

  in restricted book-entry form in the Company’s share register

 

(6) By its delivery of this Exercise Notice, the undersigned represents and warrants to the Company that in giving effect to the exercise evidenced hereby the Holder (i) is an “accredited investor” as defined in Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and (ii) will not beneficially own in excess of the number of shares of Common Stock (as determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) permitted to be owned under Section 11(a) of the Warrant to which this notice relates.

 

Dated:    
     
Name of Holder:     
     
By:    
Name:    
Title:    

 

(Signature must conform in all respects to name of Holder as specified on the face of the Warrant)

 

I-1

 

Exhibit 4.3

 

FIRST AMENDMENT TO SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT

 

This FIRST AMENDMENT TO THE SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT (this “Amendment”) is dated as of July 28, 2024 by and between 180 Life Sciences Corp., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the purchasers identified on the signature page hereto (each, including its successors and assigns, a “Purchaser” and collectively, the “Purchasers”).

 

RECITALS:

 

A. Company and Purchasers entered into that certain Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 19, 2021 (as amended, collectively, the “Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell to the Purchaser, and each Purchaser, severally and not jointly, agreed to purchase from the Company, securities of the Company as described in the Agreement.

 

B. Pursuant to Section 5.5 of the Agreement, the Company and Purchasers which purchased at least 50.1% in interest of the Shares, may amend the Agreement.

 

C. The Company and the Purchasers now desire to modify certain provisions of the Agreement, all on the terms and conditions set forth herein.

 

AGREEMENT:

 

In consideration of the mutual covenants herein contained and other good and valuable consideration, the parties agree as follows:

 

1. Incorporation of Recitals. The Recitals set forth above in this Amendment are hereby incorporated by reference as if set forth in full in this Paragraph 1.

 

2. Section 4.12(b) of the Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following:

 

[Reserved].

 

3. Exercise Price. The Company agrees to reduce the exercise price of the outstanding warrants issued under the Agreement from $5.00 to $2.65.

 

4. Miscellaneous. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the same meanings as set forth in the Agreement. This is the entire agreement of the parties in connection with this Amendment and no other agreement shall be binding on the parties unless by written instrument signed by both parties. Except as hereby amended, the Agreement is hereby ratified and confirmed in all respects. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Amendment and the terms of the Agreement, the terms of this Amendment shall control. This Amendment may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be deemed an original. This Amendment may be executed electronically, and such signatures shall be deemed originals. This Amendment shall extend to and be binding upon the successors and assigns of the parties hereto.

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]

 

 

 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company and Purchaser have executed this Amendment as of the day and year first above written.

 

Purchaser: Iroquois Master Fund Ltd  
   
/s/ Iroquois Master Fund Ltd  

 

Purchaser: Gundyco ltf Nomis Bay Ltd  
   
/s/ Gundyco ltf Nomis Bay Ltd  

 

Purchaser: Hudson Bay Master Fund Ltd  
   
/s/ Hudson Bay Master Fund Ltd  

 

Purchaser: 3i, LP  
   
/s/ 3i, LP  

 

Purchaser: Intracoastal Capital LLC  
   
/s/ Intracoastal Capital LLC  

 

 

 

Exhibit 4.4

 

FIRST AMENDMENT TO SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT

 

This FIRST AMENDMENT TO THE SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT (this “Amendment”) is dated as of July 28, 2024 by and between 180 Life Sciences Corp., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the purchasers identified on the signature page hereto (each, including its successors and assigns, a “Purchaser” and collectively, the “Purchasers”).

 

RECITALS:

 

A. Company and Purchasers entered into that certain Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 19, 2021 (as amended, collectively, the “Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell to the Purchaser, and each Purchaser, severally and not jointly, agreed to purchase from the Company, securities of the Company as described in the Agreement.

 

B. Pursuant to Section 5.5 of the Agreement, the Company and Purchasers which purchased at least 50.1% in interest of the Shares, may amend the Agreement.

 

C. The Company and the Purchasers now desire to modify certain provisions of the Agreement, all on the terms and conditions set forth herein.

 

AGREEMENT:

 

In consideration of the mutual covenants herein contained and other good and valuable consideration, the parties agree as follows:

 

1. Incorporation of Recitals. The Recitals set forth above in this Amendment are hereby incorporated by reference as if set forth in full in this Paragraph 1.

 

2. Section 4.12(b) of the Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following:

 

[Reserved].

 

3. Exercise Price. The Company agrees to reduce the exercise price of the outstanding warrants issued under the Agreement from $5.00 to $2.65.

 

4. Miscellaneous. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the same meanings as set forth in the Agreement. This is the entire agreement of the parties in connection with this Amendment and no other agreement shall be binding on the parties unless by written instrument signed by both parties. Except as hereby amended, the Agreement is hereby ratified and confirmed in all respects. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Amendment and the terms of the Agreement, the terms of this Amendment shall control. This Amendment may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be deemed an original. This Amendment may be executed electronically, and such signatures shall be deemed originals. This Amendment shall extend to and be binding upon the successors and assigns of the parties hereto.

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]

 

 

 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company and Purchaser have executed this Amendment as of the day and year first above written.

 

Purchaser: 3i, LP  
   
/s/ 3i, LP  

 

Purchaser: Intracoastal Capital LLC  
   
/s/ Intracoastal Capital LLC  

 

Purchaser: Hudson Bay Master Fund Ltd  
   
/s/ Hudson Bay Master Fund Ltd  

 

Purchaser: Gundyco Itf Nomis Bay Ltd  
   
/s/ Gundyco Itf Nomis Bay Ltd  

 

Purchaser: Iroquois Capital Investment Group LLC  
   
/s/ Iroquois Capital Investment Group LLC  

 

Purchaser: Iroquois Master Fund Ltd  
   
/s/ Iroquois Master Fund Ltd  

 

 

 

Exhibit 10.1

 

SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT

 

This SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is dated as of July 29, 2025, by and among 180 Life Sciences, Corp., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and each of the entities listed on Exhibit A attached to this Agreement (each, an “Investor” and together, the “Investors”).

 

WHEREAS, the Company and the Investors are executing and delivering this Agreement in reliance upon the exemption from securities registration afforded by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and/or Rule 506(b) of Regulation D promulgated thereunder;

 

WHEREAS, the Company desires to sell to the Investors, and each Investor desires to purchase from the Company, severally and not jointly, upon the terms and subject to the conditions stated in this Agreement, (A) shares (the “Initial Shares”) of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”), and (B) pre-funded warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”, and together with the Initial Shares, the “Securities”);

 

WHEREAS, the purchase of the Securities by the Investors is intended to be treated as an exchange governed by Section 351(a) of the Code;

 

WHEREAS, following the consummation of the sale of Securities pursuant to this Agreement, the Company expects to sell up to $150.0 million of debt securities, which may include convertible debt securities, in a private offering in reliance upon the exemption from securities registration afforded by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and/or Rule 506(b) of Regulation D promulgated thereunder (the “Debt Offering”);

 

WHEREAS, the aggregate gross proceeds from the sale of the Initial Shares and the Pre-Funded Warrants will be no less than $400 million and the portion thereof allocable to Pre-Funded Warrants will be less than $50 million; 

 

WHEREAS, the Company intends to use the net proceeds from the sale of the Initial Shares and the Pre-Funded Warrants to purchase ETH (as defined below), to pay Transaction Cash Bonuses and Director Payments (as defined below) and for general corporate purposes; and

 

WHEREAS, contemporaneously with the sale of the Initial Shares and the Pre-Funded Warrants, the parties to this Agreement, including the Investors, are entering into a Registration Rights Agreement, substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C, pursuant to which the Company will agree to provide certain registration rights in respect of the Initial Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares (as defined below) and the Strategic Advisor Warrant Shares (as defined below) under the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws.

 

1

 

 

NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements, representations, warranties and covenants herein contained, the Company and each Investor, severally and not jointly, agree as follows:

 

1. Definitions. As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following respective meanings:

 

Affiliate” means, with respect to any specified Person, (a) any other Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by or is under common control with such Person or (b) in the event that the specified Person is a natural Person, a Member of the Immediate Family of such Person; provided that the Company and each of its subsidiaries shall be deemed not to be Affiliates of any Investor. As used in this definition, the term “control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; provided that the Affiliates of any Person that is an investment fund shall not include any portfolio companies of such investment fund or any affiliated investment fund.

 

Agreement” has the meaning set forth in the recitals.

 

Amended and Restated Bylaws” means the Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company, as currently in effect.

 

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation” means the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, as currently in effect.

 

Asset Management Agreement” means the Asset Management Agreement between the Company and the Asset Manager, to be executed on or prior to the Closing Date.

 

 

Asset Manager” means Electric Treasury Edge, LLC, an entity affiliated with Electric Capital Partners, LLC.

 

Benefit Plan” or “Benefit Plans” means employee benefit plans as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA and all other employee benefit practices or arrangements, including, without limitation, any such practices or arrangements providing severance pay, sick leave, vacation pay, salary continuation for disability, retirement benefits, deferred compensation, bonus pay, incentive pay, stock options or other stock-based compensation, hospitalization insurance, medical insurance, life insurance, scholarships or tuition reimbursements, maintained by the Company or to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is obligated to contribute for employees or former employees of the Company and its subsidiaries.

 

Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.

 

Business Day” means any day except any Saturday, any Sunday, any day which is a federal legal holiday in the United States or any day on which banking institutions in the State of New York or the State of California are authorized or required by law or other governmental action to close.

 

Closing” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1.

 

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Closing Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1.

 

Code” means the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

Common Stock” has the meaning set forth in the recitals.

 

Common Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company that would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, rights, options, warrants or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.

 

Company” has the meaning set forth in the recitals.

 

Confidential Data” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.31.

 

Custodial Account” means the wallet address maintained for the Company by Coinbase Global, Inc.

 

Debt Offering” has the meaning set forth in the recitals.

 

Disclosure Document” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.3.

 

Electric Capital” means Electric Capital Partners Frontier Master Fund, LP.

 

Environmental Laws” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.15.

 

ERISA” means the U.S. Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.

 

ETH” means the native cryptocurrency of the Ethereum blockchain.

 

Exchange Act” means the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

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Exempt Issuance” means the issuance (a) of shares of Common Stock or options to employees, consultants, officers or directors of the Company pursuant to any stock or option plan or arrangement duly adopted for such purpose, by a majority of the non-employee members of the Board of Directors or a majority of the members of a committee of non-employee directors established for such purpose for services rendered to the Company, (b) of securities upon the exercise or conversion of any Securities issued hereunder, pursuant to the Debt Offering and securities issuable upon the conversion of any securities issued in the Debt Offering, and/or securities (including options, rights or warrants) exercisable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement, provided that such securities have not been amended since the date of this Agreement without approval of the majority of the Board, including a majority of the New Directors (as defined in Section 5.20), to increase the number of such securities or to decrease the exercise price or conversion price of such securities (other than in connection with stock splits or combinations) or to extend the term of such securities; (c) upon conversion or settlement of outstanding debt as of the date hereof in an amount not to exceed $500,000; (d) of the Strategic Advisor Warrants and the shares of Common Stock underlying the Strategic Advisor Warrants; (e) a private placement or other transaction with fundamental or technical institutional investors at a price per share greater than the Share Price; (f) of securities issued pursuant to acquisitions or strategic transactions approved by a majority of the disinterested directors of the Company, provided that such securities are issued as “restricted securities” (as defined in Rule 144) and carry no registration rights that require or permit the filing of any registration statement in connection therewith during the prohibition period in Section 5.11 herein, and provided that any such issuance shall only be to a Person (or to the equityholders of a Person) which is, itself or through its Subsidiaries, an operating company or an owner of an asset in a business synergistic with the business of the Company and shall provide to the Company additional benefits in addition to the investment of funds, but shall not include a transaction in which the Company is issuing securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital or to an entity whose primary business is investing in securities; (g) securities issued in connection with an “at the market” (ATM) sales program; (h) securities issued pursuant to license agreements or for investor relations services, provided that such securities are issued as “restricted securities” and carry no registration rights that require or permit the filing of any registration statement in connection therewith during the prohibition period in Section 5.11 herein; and (i) of shares of Common Stock in a private placement to one or more accredited investors (as such term is defined in Regulation D) pursuant to agreements executed on the date hereof and closing contemporaneously with the Closing in an amount not exceeding $2,000,000 in the aggregate.

 

Financial Statements” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.8(b).

 

Fully Diluted Capitalization” means the sum of the total number of issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock (assuming the full conversion and exercise of all convertible and/or exercisable securities of the Company without regard to any vesting or limitations or restrictions on conversion or exercise) after giving effect to consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Management Equity Grants, including the issuance of the Initial Shares, Pre-Funded Warrants and the Strategic Advisor Warrants.

 

GAAP” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.8(b).

 

Governmental Authorizations” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.11.

 

Health Care Laws” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.21.

 

HIPAA” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.32.

 

Indemnified Person” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.9.

 

Initial Shares” has the meaning set forth in the recitals hereof.

 

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Intellectual Property” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.12.

 

Investor” and “Investors” have the meanings set forth in the recitals.

 

Investor Digital Wallet” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.2(e).

 

IT Systems” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.31.

 

Lock-Up Agreements” means the lock-up agreements, each dated as of the date hereof, in substantially the form of Exhibit D attached hereto.

 

Management Equity Grants” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.18.

 

Material Adverse Effect” means any change, event, circumstance, development, condition, occurrence or effect that, individually or in the aggregate, (a) was, is, or would reasonably be expected to be, materially adverse to the business, financial condition, properties, assets, liabilities, stockholders’ equity or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (b) would result in a materially adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction Agreement, the Asset Management Agreement, the Strategic Advisor Agreements, or the Strategic Advisor Warrants or (c) materially delays or materially impairs the ability of the Company to comply, or prevents the Company from complying, with its obligations under this Agreement, the other Transaction Agreements, the Asset Management Agreement, the Strategic Advisor Agreements or the Strategic Advisor Warrants, or with respect to the Closing, or would reasonably be expected to do so.

 

Material Permits” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.28.

 

Member of the Immediate Family” means, with respect to any Person who is an individual, (a) each parent, spouse (but not including a former spouse or a spouse from whom such Person is legally separated) or child (including those adopted) of such individual and (b) each trustee, solely in his or her capacity as trustee, for a trust naming only one or more of the Persons listed in sub-clause (a) as beneficiaries.

 

Nasdaq” means the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC.

 

National Exchange” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question, together with any successor thereto: the NYSE American, The New York Stock Exchange, The Nasdaq Global Market, The Nasdaq Global Select Market and The Nasdaq Capital Market.

 

New Director” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.20.

 

Person” means an individual, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, business trust, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated association, joint venture or any other entity or organization.

 

Personal Data” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.31.

 

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Placement Agent” means Clear Street LLC.

 

Pre-Funded Warrants” has the meaning set forth in the recitals.

 

Pre-Funded Warrant Price” means $2.65 less $0.0001.

 

Pre-Funded Warrant Shares” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.4.

 

Privacy Laws” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.32.

 

Privacy Statements” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.32.

 

Process” or “Processing” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.32.

 

Registration Rights Agreement” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.1(j).

 

Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the SEC having substantially the same effect as such Rule.

 

SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

“SEC Reports” means (a) the Company’s most recently filed Annual Report on Form 10-K and (b) all Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q or Current Reports on Form 8-K filed or furnished (as applicable) by the Company following the end of the most recent fiscal year for which an Annual Report on Form 10-K has been filed and prior to the date of this Agreement, together in each case with any documents incorporated by reference therein or exhibits thereto.

 

Securities” has the meaning set forth in the recitals.

 

Securities Act” means the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

Share Price” means $2.65.

 

Shares” means the Initial Shares and the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares.

 

Short Sales” include, without limitation, (a) all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 promulgated under Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act, whether or not against the box, and all types of direct and indirect stock pledges, forward sale contracts, options, puts, calls, short sales, swaps, “put equivalent positions” (as defined in Rule 16a-1(h) under the Exchange Act) and similar arrangements (including on a total return basis), and (b) sales and other transactions through non-U.S. broker dealers or non-U.S. regulated brokers (but shall not be deemed to include the location and/or reservation of borrowable shares of Common Stock).

 

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Strategic Advisor Agreements” means the Strategic Advisor Agreements, dated as of the date hereof, between the Company, on one hand, and each of the Strategic Advisors, on the other hand, in substantially the form of Exhibit E.

 

Strategic Advisor Warrants” means the warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock, to be issued to the Strategic Advisors (or affiliates thereof) pursuant to the Strategic Advisor Agreements.

 

Strategic Advisor Warrant Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Strategic Advisor Warrants.

 

Strategic Advisors” means Pink Sands Group, LLC, Cyber, Moode LLC, Moon Cat, LLC, Zorba Investments LLC, Purple Poseidon LLC, Tentacle Holdings LLC, PCAO LLC, Johnny Foxtrot LLC and New Island Advisors LLC.

 

Tax” or “Taxes” means any and all federal, state, local, foreign and other taxes, levies, fees, imposts, duties and charges of whatever kind (including any interest, penalties or additions to the tax imposed in connection therewith or with respect thereto), whether or not imposed on the Company or its subsidiaries (if any) including, without limitation, taxes imposed on, or measured by, income, franchise, profits or gross receipts, and also ad valorem, value added, sales, use, service, real or personal property, capital stock, license, payroll, withholding, employment, social security, workers’ compensation, unemployment compensation, utility, severance, production, excise, stamp, occupation, premium, windfall profits, transfer and gains taxes and customs duties.

 

Tax Returns” means returns, reports, information statements and other documentation (including any additional or supporting material) filed or maintained, or required to be filed or maintained, in connection with the calculation, determination, assessment or collection of any Tax and shall include any amended returns required as a result of examination adjustments made by the Internal Revenue Service or other Tax authority.

 

Transaction Agreements” means this Agreement, the Lock-Up Agreements, the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Registration Rights Agreement, and all exhibits and schedules thereto and hereto and any other documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder.

 

Transaction Cash Bonuses and Director Payments” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.17.

 

Transfer Agent” means, with respect to the Common Stock, Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company or such other financial institution that provides transfer agent services as the Company may engage from time to time.

 

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2. Purchase and Sale of Securities.

 

2.1 Purchase and Sale. On the Closing Date, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, the Company agrees to sell, and the Investors, severally and not jointly, agree to purchase, the number and type of Securities, for the aggregate purchase price, set forth opposite the Investor’s name on Exhibit A; provided, however, no Investor (together with such Investor’s Affiliates, and any Person acting as a group together with such Investor or any of such Investor’s Affiliates) may beneficially own in excess of 19.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of the Shares on the Closing Date. The purchase price per Initial Share is equal to the Share Price. The price per Pre-Funded Warrant is equal to the Pre-Funded Warrant Price.

 

2.2 Closing. Subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in Section 5.6 and Section 6 of this Agreement, the closing of the purchase and sale of the Securities (the “Closing”) shall occur remotely via the exchange of documents and signatures at such time as mutually agreed to by the Company and the Investors purchasing a majority of the Securities hereunder (the “Closing Date”); but in no event later than the fourth (4th) Business Day after the date of this Agreement. On the Closing Date, the Securities shall be issued and registered in the name of the relevant Investor, or in such nominee name(s) as designated by such Investor in writing, representing the number and type of Securities to be purchased by the Investor at such Closing as set forth in Exhibit A, in each case after payment of the purchase price therefor (the “Aggregate Purchase Amount”) shall have been received by the Company, in full, at or prior to 10:00 a.m. New York City time on the Closing Date. Payment of the Aggregate Purchase Amount in respect of an Investor shall be made at such Investor's sole discretion by (a) wire transfer of United States dollars in immediately available funds in accordance with wire instructions provided by the Company to the Investors at least one Business Day prior to the Closing, (b) by transfer of such number of ETH to the Custodial Account equal to (1) the Aggregate Purchase Amount, divided by (2) the spot exchange rate as published by Coinbase.com at 8:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Business Day immediately preceding the date hereof (the “ETH Amount”), or (c) any combination thereof. On the Closing Date, the Company will cause (A) the Transfer Agent to issue the Initial Shares in book-entry form, free and clear of all restrictive and other legends (except as expressly provided in Section 4.10 hereof) and the Company shall cause the Company’s Transfer Agent to provide evidence of such issuance as soon as reasonably practical following the Closing Date to each Investor and (B) deliver to such Investor (or such Investor’s designated custodian per its delivery instructions), or in such nominee name(s) as designated by such Investor, Pre-Funded Warrants exercisable for a number of shares of Common Stock as set forth in Exhibit A with respect to such Investor. In the event that the Closing has not occurred within two (2) Business Days after the expected Closing Date, unless otherwise agreed by the Company and such Investor, the Company shall, promptly (but no later than one Business Day thereafter) return the previously wired Aggregate Purchase Amount by wire transfer of United States dollars in immediately available funds to the account specified by such Investor or return the previously transferred ETH Amount to the Investor Digital Wallet (as defined below) of such Investor, as applicable, and any book entries for the Securities shall be deemed cancelled; provided that, unless this Agreement has been terminated pursuant to Section 7, such return of funds shall not terminate this Agreement or relieve such Investor of its obligation to purchase, or the Company of its obligation to issue and sell, the Securities at the Closing.

 

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3. Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company hereby represents and warrants to each of the Investors that the statements contained in this Section 3 are true and correct as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date (except for the representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date, which shall be made as of such date).

 

3.1 Organization and Power. The Company is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, has the requisite power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as currently conducted and is qualified to do business in each jurisdiction in which the character of its properties or the nature of its business requires such qualification, except where such failure to be in good standing or to have such power and authority or to so qualify would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Each of the Company’s subsidiaries is (i) duly incorporated and validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation and has the requisite power and authority to carry on its business as currently conducted and to own or lease its properties and (ii) qualified to do business as a foreign corporation and in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the character of its properties or the nature of its business requires such qualification, except in each case as would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

3.2 Capitalization. The Company’s disclosure of its authorized, issued and outstanding capital stock in the SEC Reports containing such disclosure was accurate in all material respects as of the date indicated in such SEC Reports. All of the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable. None of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company were issued in violation of any preemptive or other similar rights of any securityholder of the Company which have not been waived, and such shares were issued in compliance in all material respects with applicable state and federal securities law and any rights of third parties. Except as set forth in the Transaction Agreements or as disclosed in the SEC Reports, there are no outstanding rights (including, without limitation, pre-emptive or other similar rights), warrants or options to acquire, or instruments convertible into or exchangeable for, any shares of capital stock or other equity interest in the Company or any of its subsidiaries, or any contract, commitment, agreement, understanding or arrangement of any kind relating to the issuance of any capital stock of the Company or any such subsidiary, any such convertible or exchangeable securities or any such rights, warrants or options; the capital stock of the Company conforms in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the SEC Reports; and all the outstanding shares of capital stock or other equity interests of each subsidiary owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued, are fully paid and non-assessable (except, in the case of any foreign subsidiary, for directors’ qualifying shares) and are owned directly or indirectly by the Company, free and clear of any lien, charge, encumbrance, security interest, restriction on voting or transfer or any other claim of any third party. The total number of outstanding shares of Common Stock is 7,359,208 and there is no other class of stock of the Company outstanding, in each case, as of the date hereof. Set forth on Schedule 3.2 is a list of each option and warrant to purchase Common Stock issued by the Company that is outstanding as of the date hereof, including, in each case, the exercise price thereof on the date of grant and the closing price of the Common Stock on the date of grant. The warrants to purchase Common Stock granted by the Company on June 1, 2017 and outstanding as of the date hereof (as reflected on Schedule 3.2) were granted with an exercise price approximately equal to the fair market value of Common Stock as of the date of grant.

 

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3.3 Registration Rights. Except as set forth in the Transaction Agreements or as disclosed in the SEC Reports, the Company is presently not under any obligation, and has not granted any rights, to register under the Securities Act any of the Company’s presently outstanding securities or any of its securities that may hereafter be issued, other than such rights and obligations that have expired or been satisfied or waived.

 

3.4 Authorization. The Company has all requisite corporate power and authority to enter into the Transaction Agreements, the Asset Management Agreement and the Strategic Advisor Agreements and to carry out and perform its obligations under the terms of the Transaction Agreements, the Asset Management Agreement and the Strategic Advisor Agreements, including the issuance and sale of the Securities, the issuance of the Strategic Advisor Warrants, the issuance of the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants (the “Pre-Funded Warrant Shares”) and the issuance of the Strategic Advisor Warrant Shares. All corporate action on the part of the Company, its officers, directors and stockholders necessary for the authorization of the Initial Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares and the Strategic Advisor Warrant Shares, the authorization, execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Agreements, Asset Management Agreement and the Strategic Advisor Agreements and the consummation of the transactions contemplated herein or thereby, including the issuance and sale of the Securities, the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares and the Strategic Advisor Warrant Shares has been taken, including, without limitation, the approval of the Board of Directors (or a committee thereof) in accordance with the Delaware General Corporation Law (as amended or superseded from time to time, the “DGCL”), including, but not limited to, Section 144 thereof. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery by each Investor of this Agreement and that this Agreement constitutes the legal, valid and binding agreement of each Investor, this Agreement and each of the Pre-Funded Warrants constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws relating to or affecting creditors generally or by general equity principles (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law). Upon its execution by the Company and the other parties thereto and assuming that it constitutes legal, valid and binding agreements of the other parties thereto, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Asset Management Agreement the Strategic Advisor Agreements and each of the Strategic Advisor Warrants will constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws relating to or affecting creditors generally or by general equity principles (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).

 

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3.5 Valid Issuance. The Initial Shares being purchased by the Investors hereunder have been duly and validly authorized and, when issued pursuant to the terms of this Agreement upon full payment therefor in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and will be issued free and clear of any liens or other restrictions (other than those as provided in the Transaction Agreements, or restrictions on transfer under applicable state and federal securities laws), and the holder of the Shares shall be entitled to all rights accorded to a holder of Common Stock. The Pre-Funded Warrant Shares and Strategic Advisor Warrant Shares have been duly and validly authorized and reserved for issuance and, upon issuance pursuant to the terms of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Strategic Advisor Warrants, respectively, against full payment therefor in accordance with their respective terms, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and will be issued free and clear of any liens or other restrictions (other than those as provided in the Transaction Agreements, Asset Management Agreement or Strategic Advisor Agreements, or restrictions on transfer under applicable state and federal securities laws), and the holder of the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares or the Strategic Advisor Warrant Shares shall be entitled to all rights accorded to a holder of Common Stock. The issuance and delivery of the Initial Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Strategic Advisor Warrants do not, and the exercise or conversion in full of the Pre-Funded Warrants or, the Strategic Advisor Warrants (without regard to any limitations or restrictions on exercise of such warrants) and the issuance and delivery of the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares and the Strategic Advisor Warrant Shares thereupon will not, except as set forth on Schedule 3.5, (a) obligate the Company to offer to issue, or issue, shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the Investors) pursuant to any preemptive rights, rights of first refusal, rights of participation or similar rights, or (b) result in any adjustment (automatic, at the election of any Person or otherwise) of the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price under, or any other anti-dilution adjustment pursuant to, any outstanding securities of the Company or (c) be subject to any preemptive right, right of first offer, or any similar right of any Person. Subject to the accuracy of the representations and warranties made by the Investors in Section 4, the offer and sale of the Securities to the Investors is, and will be, (i) exempt from the registration and prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act and (ii) exempt from (or otherwise not subject to) the registration and qualification requirements of applicable securities laws of the states of the United States.

 

3.6 No Conflict. The execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Agreements, Asset Management Agreement and the Strategic Advisor Agreements by the Company, the issuance and sale of the Securities, the issuance of the Strategic Advisor Warrants and the consummation of the other transactions contemplated by the Transaction Agreements, the Asset Management Agreement and the Strategic Advisor Agreements will not (i) violate any provision of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company, (ii) conflict with or result in a violation of or default (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) under, result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon or give rise to a right of termination, cancellation or acceleration of any obligation, a change of control right or to a loss of a benefit under any agreement or instrument, credit facility, indenture, deed of trust, mortgage, lease, license, judgment, order, statute, law, ordinance, rule or regulations, applicable to the Company or any of its subsidiaries or their respective properties or assets, or (iii) result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations) and the rules and regulations of the National Exchange, or by which any property or asset of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is bound or affected, except, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), as would not, individually or in the aggregate, be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

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3.7 Consents. Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties of each Investor set forth in Section 4 hereof, no consent, approval, authorization, filing with or order of or registration with, any court or governmental agency or body or self-regulatory organization is required in connection with the authorization, execution, or delivery or performance by the Company of the Transaction Agreements, the Asset Management Agreement and the Strategic Advisor Agreements, the issuance and sale of the Securities, the issuance of the Strategic Advisor Warrants and the performance by the Company of its other obligations under the Transaction Agreements, the Asset Management Agreement, the Strategic Advisor Agreements and the Strategic Advisor Warrants, except (a) as have been or will be obtained or made under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, if applicable, (b) the filing of any requisite notices and/or application(s) to the National Exchange for the issuance and sale of the Initial Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrants or the Strategic Advisor Warrants and the listing of the Initial Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares or the Strategic Advisor Warrant Shares for trading or quotation, as the case may be, thereon in the time and manner required thereby, (c) customary post-closing filings with the SEC or pursuant to state securities laws in connection with the offer and sale of the Initial Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares or the Strategic Advisor Warrant Shares by the Company in the manner contemplated herein, which will be filed on a timely basis, (d) the filing of the registration statement required to be filed by the Company pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, or (e) such that the failure of which to obtain would not have a Material Adverse Effect. All notices, consents, authorizations, orders, filings and registrations which the Company is required to deliver or obtain prior to the Closing pursuant to the preceding sentence have been obtained or made or will be delivered or obtained or effected, and shall remain in full force and effect, on or prior to the Closing.

 

3.8 SEC Filings; Financial Statements.

 

(a) The Company has filed all forms, statements, certifications, reports, schedules and other documents required to be filed by it with the SEC under Section 13, 14(a) and 15(d) of the Exchange Act for the one year preceding the date of this Agreement and is in compliance with General Instruction I.A.3 of Form S-3. As of the time it was filed with the SEC (or, if amended or superseded by a filing prior to the date of this Agreement, then on the date of such filing), each of the SEC Reports complied in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act, and, as of the time they were filed, none of the SEC Reports contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. There are no outstanding or unresolved comments from the SEC staff with respect to the SEC Reports. To the Company’s knowledge, none of the SEC Reports are the subject of an ongoing SEC review. The interactive data in eXtensible Business Reporting Language included in the SEC Reports fairly presents the information called for in all material respects and has been prepared in accordance with the SEC’s rules and guidelines applicable thereto.

 

(b) The consolidated financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Reports (collectively, the “Financial Statements”) comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing (or to the extent corrected by a subsequent restatement) and fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial position of the Company and its subsidiaries as of the dates indicated, and the results of its operations and cash flows for the periods therein specified, and have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods therein specified ((except as otherwise noted therein, and except that any unaudited financial statements may not contain certain footnotes and are subject to normal and recurring year-end adjustments). Except as set forth in the Financial Statements filed prior to the date of this Agreement, the Company has not incurred any liabilities, contingent or otherwise, except (i) those incurred in the ordinary course of business, consistent with past practices since the date of such financial statements or (ii) liabilities not required under GAAP to be reflected in the Financial Statements, in either case, none of which, individually or in the aggregate, have had or would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

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3.9 Absence of Changes. Except as disclosed in the SEC Reports, since December 31, 2024, (a) the Company has conducted its business only in the ordinary course of business and there have been no material transactions entered into by the Company or any of its subsidiaries (except for the execution and performance of this Agreement and the discussions, negotiations and transactions related thereto); (b) no material change to any material contract or arrangement by which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is bound or to which any of their respective assets or properties is subject has been entered into; and (c) there has not been any other event or condition of any character that has had or would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; provided, however, that none of the following will be deemed in themselves, either alone or in combination, to constitute, and that none of the following will be taken into account in determining whether there has been or will be, a Material Adverse Effect under this Section 3.9:

 

(i) any change generally affecting the economy, financial markets or political, economic or regulatory conditions in the United States or any other geographic region in which the Company conducts business, provided that the Company and its subsidiaries (taken as a whole) are not disproportionately affected thereby;

 

(ii) general financial, credit or capital market conditions, including interest rates or exchange rates, or any changes therein, provided that the Company and its subsidiaries (taken as a whole) are not disproportionately affected thereby;

 

(iii) any change that generally affects industries in which the Company and its subsidiaries conduct business, provided that the Company and its subsidiaries (taken as a whole) are not disproportionately affected thereby;

 

(iv) earthquakes, hurricanes, tsunamis, tornadoes, floods, mudslides, fires or other natural disasters, weather conditions, global pandemics, epidemic or similar health emergency, and other force majeure events in the United States or any other location, provided that the Company and its subsidiaries (taken as a whole) are not disproportionately affected thereby;

 

(v) national or international political or social conditions (or changes in such conditions), whether or not pursuant to the declaration of a national emergency or war, or the occurrence of any military or terrorist attack, provided that the Company and its subsidiaries (taken as a whole) are not disproportionately affected thereby;

 

(vi) material changes in laws after the date of this Agreement; and

 

(vii) in and of itself, any material failure by the Company to meet any published or internally prepared estimates of revenues, expenses, earnings or other economic performance for any period ending on or after the date of this Agreement (it being understood that the facts and circumstances giving rise to such failure may be deemed to constitute, and may be taken into account in determining whether there has been, a Material Adverse Effect to the extent that such facts and circumstances are not otherwise described in clauses (i)-(v) of this Section 3.9).

 

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3.10 Absence of Litigation. There is no action, suit, proceeding, arbitration, claim, investigation, charge, complaint or inquiry pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened against the Company or any of its subsidiaries which, individually or in the aggregate, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, nor are there any orders, writs, injunctions, judgments or decrees outstanding of any court or government agency or instrumentality and binding upon the Company or any of its subsidiaries that have had or would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company, any director or officer of the Company or any subsidiary, is, or within the last ten years has been, the subject of any action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws relating to the Company or such subsidiary or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty relating to the Company or such subsidiary.

 

3.11 Compliance with Law; Permits. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is in violation of, or has received any notices of violations with respect to, any laws, statutes, ordinances, rules or regulations of any governmental body, court or government agency or instrumentality, except for violations which, individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company and its subsidiaries have all required licenses, permits, certificates and other authorizations (collectively, “Governmental Authorizations”) from such federal, state or local government or governmental agency, department or body that are currently necessary for the operation of the business of the Company and its subsidiaries as currently conducted, except where the failure to possess currently such Governmental Authorizations has not had and is not reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any subsidiary has received any written (or, to the Company’s knowledge, oral) notice regarding any revocation or material modification of any such Governmental Authorization, which, individually or in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding, has or would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

3.12 Intellectual Property. The Company and its subsidiaries own, or have rights to use, all material inventions, patent applications, patents, trademarks, trade names, service names, service marks, copyrights, trade secrets, know how (including unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary of confidential information, systems or procedures) and other intellectual property as described in the SEC Reports necessary for, or used in the conduct of their respective businesses (including as described in the SEC Reports) (collectively, “Intellectual Property”), except where any failure to own or have rights to use such Intellectual Property has not had, and would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Intellectual Property owned by the Company and its subsidiaries has not been adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid or unenforceable, in whole or in part. To the Company’s knowledge: (i) there are no third parties who claim any ownership rights to any Intellectual Property owned by the Company and its subsidiaries; and (ii) there is no infringement by third parties of any Intellectual Property owned by the Company and its subsidiaries, except, in each case of (i) and (ii), which, individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. No action, suit, or other proceeding is pending, or, to the Company’s knowledge, is threatened in writing: (A) challenging the Company’s or its subsidiaries’ rights in or to any Intellectual Property owned by the Company and its subsidiaries; (B) challenging the validity, enforceability or scope of any Intellectual Property; or (C) alleging that the Company or any of its subsidiaries infringes, misappropriates, or otherwise violates any patent, trademark, trade name, service name, copyright, trade secret or other intellectual property rights of others, except, in each case of (A) through (C), which, individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Except, in each case, which, individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, the Company and its subsidiaries have complied with the terms of each agreement pursuant to which Intellectual Property has been licensed to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, and to the Company’s knowledge all such agreements are in full force and effect. The Company and its subsidiaries have taken all commercially reasonable steps to protect and maintain the Intellectual Property owned by the Company and its subsidiaries, except where any failure to so protect or maintain, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

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3.13 Employee Benefits. Except as would not be reasonably likely to result in a Material Adverse Effect, each Benefit Plan has been established and administered in accordance with its terms and in compliance with the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code, and other applicable laws, rules and regulations. The Company and its subsidiaries are in compliance with all applicable federal, state and local laws, rules and regulations regarding employment, except for any failures to comply that are not reasonably likely, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect. There is no labor dispute, strike or work stoppage against the Company or its subsidiaries pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened which would reasonably be expected to interfere with the business activities of the Company, except where such dispute, strike or work stoppage is not reasonably likely, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

3.14 Taxes. Each of the Company and its subsidiaries has filed all federal, state and foreign income Tax Returns and other Tax Returns required to have been filed under applicable law (or extensions have been duly obtained) and has paid all Taxes required to have been paid by it, except for those which are being contested in good faith and except where failure to file such Tax Returns or pay such Taxes would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. No assessment in connection with United States federal tax returns has been made against the Company without subsequently being paid, settled or withdrawn. The charges, accruals and reserves on the books of the Company in respect of any income and corporation tax liability for any years not finally determined are adequate to meet any assessments or reassessments for additional income tax for any years not finally determined, except to the extent of any inadequacy that would not result in a Material Adverse Effect. No audits, examinations, or other proceedings with respect to any material amounts of Taxes of the Company and its subsidiaries are presently in progress or have been asserted or proposed in writing without subsequently being paid, settled or withdrawn. There are no liens on any of the assets of the Company. At all times since inception, the Company has been and continues to be classified as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has been a United States real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897(c)(2) of the Code during the period specified in Section 897(c)(1)(A)(ii) of the Code.

 

3.15 Environmental Laws. The Company and its subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with any and all applicable foreign, federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the protection of human health and safety, the environment or hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants (“Environmental Laws”), (ii) have received all permits and other Governmental Authorizations required under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their business and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval, except where such noncompliance with Environmental Laws, failure to receive required permits, licenses or other approvals or failure to comply with the terms and conditions of such permits, licenses or approvals would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received since January 1, 2024, any written notice or other communication (in writing or otherwise), whether from a governmental authority or other Person, that alleges that the Company or any subsidiary is not in compliance with any Environmental Law and, to the knowledge of the Company, there are no circumstances that may prevent or interfere with the Company’s or any subsidiary’s compliance in any material respects with any Environmental Law in the future, except where such failure to comply would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. To the knowledge of the Company: (i) no current or (during the time a prior property was leased or controlled by the Company) prior property leased or controlled by the Company or any subsidiary has received since January 1, 2024, any written notice or other communication relating to property owned or leased at any time by the Company, whether from a governmental authority, or other Person, that alleges that such current or prior owner or the Company or any subsidiary is not in compliance with or violated any Environmental Law relating to such property and (ii) the Company has no material liability under any Environmental Law.

 

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3.16 Title. Each of the Company and its subsidiaries has good and marketable title to all personal property owned by it that is material to the business of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and defects except such as are disclosed in the SEC Reports, do not materially and adversely affect the value of such property and do not materially and adversely interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company or its subsidiaries, as the case may be. Any real property and buildings held under lease by the Company or its subsidiaries is held under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with such exceptions as are not material and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property and buildings by the Company or its subsidiaries, as the case may be. The Company does not own any real property.

 

3.17 Insurance. The Company carries or is entitled to the benefits of insurance in such amounts and covering such risks that is customary for comparably situated companies and is adequate for the conduct of its business and the value of its real and personal properties (owned or leased) and tangible assets, and each of such insurance policies is in full force and effect and the Company is in compliance in all material respects with the terms of such insurance policies. Other than customary end-of-policy notifications from insurance carriers, since January 1, 2024, the Company has not received any notice or other communication regarding any actual or possible: (i) cancellation or invalidation of any material insurance policy or (ii) refusal or denial of any coverage, reservation of rights or rejection of any material claim under any insurance policy.

 

3.18 Nasdaq Stock Market. The issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act and are listed for trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “ATNF”. Other than as disclosed in the Company’s SEC Reports, the Company will immediately following the Closing be in compliance with all listing requirements of Nasdaq applicable to the Company. The Company has no reason to believe that it will not in the foreseeable future continue to be in material compliance with all such listing and maintenance requirements. Other than as disclosed in the Company’s SEC Reports, as of the date of this Agreement, there is no suit, action, proceeding or investigation pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company by Nasdaq or the SEC, respectively, to prohibit or terminate the listing of the Common Stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market or to deregister the Common Stock under the Exchange Act. The Company has taken no action as of the date of this Agreement that is designed to terminate the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act.

 

3.19 Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Company is, and since January 1, 2024 has been, in compliance in all material respects with all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC thereunder.

 

3.20 [Reserved].

 

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3.21 Compliance with Health Care Laws. The Company and its subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects with all Health Care Laws to the extent applicable to the current business of the Company and its subsidiaries or any of their respective activities. For purposes of this Agreement, “Health Care Laws” means: (i) the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. Section 301 et seq.) and the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. Section 201 et seq.), and the regulations promulgated thereunder; (ii) all applicable federal, state, local and foreign health care fraud and abuse laws, including, without limitation, the Anti-Kickback Statute (42 U.S.C. Section 1320a-7b(b)); (iii) HIPAA, as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (42 U.S.C. Section 17921 et seq.); (iv) the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010; (vii) licensure, quality, safety and accreditation requirements under applicable federal, state, local or regulatory bodies; (viii) all other local, state, federal, national, supranational, relating to the regulation of the Company or its subsidiaries, and (ix) the regulations promulgated pursuant to such statutes and any state or non-U.S. counterpart thereof. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received written or, to the Company’s knowledge, oral notice of any claim, action, suit, proceeding, hearing, enforcement, investigation, arbitration or other action from any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority or third party alleging that any product operation or activity is in material violation of any Health Care Laws nor, to the Company’s knowledge, is any such claim, action, suit, proceeding, hearing, enforcement, investigation, arbitration or other action threatened. The Company and its subsidiaries have filed, maintained or submitted all material reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments as required by any Health Care Laws, and all such reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments were complete and accurate on the date filed in all material respects (or were corrected or supplemented by a subsequent submission). Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is a party to any corporate integrity agreements, monitoring agreements, consent decrees, settlement orders, or similar agreements with or imposed by any governmental or regulatory authority. Additionally, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries nor any of their respective employees, officers, directors, or, to the knowledge of the Company, agents has been excluded, suspended or debarred from participation in any U.S. federal health care program or human clinical research or, to the knowledge of the Company, is subject to a governmental inquiry, investigation, proceeding, or other similar action that would reasonably be expected to result in debarment, suspension, or exclusion.

 

3.22 Accounting Controls and Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The Company maintains a system of internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that is designed to comply with the requirements of the Exchange Act applicable to the Company and provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP, including policies and procedures sufficient to provide reasonable assurance (i) that the Company maintains records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the Company’s transactions and dispositions of assets, (ii) that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, (iii) that receipts and expenditures are made only in accordance with authorizations of management and the Board and (iv) regarding prevention or timely detection of the unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements. Except as disclosed in the Company’s SEC Reports filed prior to the date of this Agreement, the Company has not identified any material weaknesses in the design or operation of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) are designed to provide reasonable assurance that all information (both financial and non-financial) required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, and that all such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

 

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3.23 Price Stabilization of Common Stock. The Company has not taken, nor will it take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to stabilize or manipulate the price of the Common Stock to facilitate the sale or resale of the Initial Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares or the Strategic Advisor Warrant Shares.

 

3.24 Investment Company Act. The Company is not, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Securities will not be, an “investment company” within the meaning of the U.S. Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

 

3.25 General Solicitation; No Integration or Aggregation. Neither the Company nor any other person or entity authorized by the Company to act on its behalf has engaged in a general solicitation or general advertising (within the meaning of Regulation D under the Securities Act) of investors with respect to offers or sales of Securities pursuant to this Agreement. The Company has offered the Securities for sale only to the Investors and certain other “accredited investors” within the meaning of Regulation D under the Securities Act. The Company has not, directly or indirectly, sold, offered for sale, solicited offers to buy or otherwise negotiated in respect of, any security (as defined in the Securities Act) which, to its knowledge, is or will be aggregated with prior offerings by the Company for the purposes of the rules and regulations of the Nasdaq Capital Market. Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Investors set forth in Section 4, neither the Company nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any Company security or solicited any offers to buy any Company security, under circumstances that would cause the offering of the Securities to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of the Securities Act which would require the registration of any such securities under the Securities Act.

 

3.26 Brokers and Finders. Other than the Placement Agent, neither the Company nor any other Person authorized by the Company to act on its behalf has retained, utilized or been represented by any broker or finder in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

 

3.27 Reliance by the Investors. The Company has a reasonable basis for making each of the representations set forth in this Section 3.

 

3.28 Regulatory Permits. The Company and the Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports, except where the failure to possess such permits would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (“Material Permits”), and neither the Company nor any subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any Material Permit.

 

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3.29 No Additional Agreements. There are no agreements or understandings between the Company and any Investor with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Agreements other than as specified in the Transaction Agreements.

 

3.30 Anti-Bribery and Anti-Money Laundering Laws. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries, nor to the knowledge of the Company, any agent or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any such subsidiary, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, or (iii) otherwise violated in any material respect any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended. The operations of the Company and its subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, applicable money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”), and no proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened.

 

3.31 Cybersecurity. The Company and its subsidiaries’ information technology assets and equipment, computers, systems, networks, hardware, software, websites, applications, and databases (collectively, “IT Systems”) are adequate for, and operate and perform in all material respects as required in connection with the operation of the business of the Company and its subsidiaries as currently conducted, and, to the Company’s actual knowledge, are free and clear of all material Trojan horses, time bombs, malware and other malicious code. The Company and its subsidiaries have implemented and maintained commercially reasonable physical, technical and administrative controls designed to maintain and protect the confidentiality, integrity, availability, privacy and security of all sensitive, confidential or regulated data (“Confidential Data”) used or maintained in connection with their businesses and Personal Data (defined below), and the integrity, availability continuous operation, redundancy and security of all IT Systems. “Personal Data” means the following data used in connection with the Company’s and its subsidiaries’ businesses and in their possession or control: (i) a natural person’s name, street address, telephone number, e-mail address, photograph, social security number or other tax identification number, driver’s license number, passport number, credit card number or bank information; (ii) information that identifies or may reasonably be used to identify an individual; (iii) any information that would qualify as “protected health information” under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (collectively, “HIPAA”); and (iv) any information that would qualify as “personal data,” “personal information” (or similar term) under the Privacy Laws. To the Company’s knowledge, there have been no breaches, outages or unauthorized uses of or accesses to the Company’s IT Systems, Confidential Data, or Personal Data that would require notification under Privacy Laws (as defined below).

 

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3.32 Compliance with Data Privacy Laws. The Company and its subsidiaries are, and at all prior times were, in material compliance with all applicable state, federal and foreign data privacy and security laws and regulations regarding the collection, use, storage, retention, disclosure, transfer, disposal, or any other processing (collectively “Process” or “Processing”) of Personal Data, including without limitation HIPAA, all other local, state and federal laws relating to the regulation of the Company or its subsidiaries, and the regulations promulgated pursuant to such statutes and any state (collectively, the “Privacy Laws”). To ensure material compliance with the Privacy Laws, the Company and its subsidiaries have in place, comply with, and take all appropriate steps necessary to ensure compliance in all material respects with their policies and procedures relating to data privacy and security, and the Processing of Personal Data and Confidential Data (the “Privacy Statements”). The Company and its subsidiaries have, except as would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect, at all times since inception provided accurate notice of their Privacy Statements then in effect to its customers, employees, third party vendors and representatives. None of such disclosures made or contained in any Privacy Statements have been materially inaccurate, misleading, incomplete, or in material violation of any Privacy Laws.

 

3.33 Transactions with Affiliates and Employees. No relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among the Company or any of its subsidiaries, on the one hand, and the directors, officers, stockholders, customers or suppliers of the Company, on the other hand, that is required to be described in the SEC Reports that is not so described. 

 

3.34 Office of Foreign Assets Control. Neither the Company nor any subsidiary nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee or Affiliate of the Company or any subsidiary is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).

 

3.35 [Reserved].

 

3.36 Bank Holding Company Act. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries or Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHCA”) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”). Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries or Affiliates owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the total equity of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries or Affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. 

 

3.37 Acknowledgment Regarding Investors’ Purchase of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that each of the Investors is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length Investor with respect to the Transaction Agreements and the transactions contemplated thereby. The Company further acknowledges that no Investor is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Agreements and the transactions contemplated thereby and any advice given by any Investor or any of their respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Agreements and the transactions contemplated thereby is merely incidental to the Investors’ purchase of the Securities.

 

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4. Representations and Warranties of Each Investor. Each Investor, severally for itself and not jointly with any other Investor (it being acknowledged and agreed that each reference to “the Investor” in this Section 4 shall be deemed to refer to such Investor and not any other Investor), represents and warrants to the Company and the Placement Agent that the statements contained in this Section 4 are true and correct as of the date of this Agreement and the Closing Date:

 

4.1 Organization. The Investor is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization and has the requisite power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as now conducted.

 

4.2 Authorization. The Investor has all requisite corporate or similar power and authority to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Agreements to which it will be a party and to carry out and perform its obligations hereunder and thereunder. All corporate, member or partnership action on the part of such Investor or its stockholders, members or partners necessary for the authorization, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the other Transaction Agreements to which it will be a party and the consummation of the other transactions contemplated in this Agreement has been taken. The execution, delivery and performance by such Investor of the Transaction Agreements to which such Investor is a party has been duly authorized and each has been duly executed. Assuming this Agreement constitutes the legal and binding agreement of the Company, this Agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of such Investor, enforceable against such Investor in accordance with its respective terms, except as such enforceability may be limited or otherwise affected by bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance, reorganization, moratorium and/or similar laws relating to or affecting the rights of creditors generally or by general equity principles (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).

 

4.3 No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Investor of the Transaction Agreements to which it is a party, the purchase of the Securities in accordance with their terms and the consummation by the Investor of the other transactions contemplated hereby will not conflict with or result in any violation of, breach or default by such Investor (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) under, conflict with, or give rise to a right of termination, cancellation or acceleration of any obligation, a change of control right or to a loss of a material benefit under (i) any provision of the organizational documents of the Investor, including, without limitation, its incorporation or formation papers, bylaws, indenture of trust or partnership or operating agreement, as may be applicable or (ii) any agreement or instrument, undertaking, credit facility, franchise, license, judgment, order, ruling, statute, law, ordinance, rule or regulations, applicable to such Investor or its respective properties or assets, except, in the case of clause (ii), as would not, individually or in the aggregate, be reasonably expected to materially delay or hinder the ability of the Investor to perform its obligations under the Transaction Agreements.

 

4.4 Residency. The Investor’s residence (if an individual) or offices in which its investment decision with respect to the Securities was made (if an entity) are located at the address immediately below the Investor’s name on the pertinent signature page of this Agreement, except as otherwise communicated by the Investor to the Company.

 

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4.5 Brokers and Finders. The Investor nor any other Person authorized by the Investor to act on its behalf has retained, utilized or been represented by any broker or finder in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

 

4.6 Investment Representations and Warranties. The Investor hereby represents and warrants that, it (i) as of the date of this Agreement is, if an entity, a “qualified institutional buyer” (as defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act) or an institutional “accredited investor” as that term is defined in Rule 501(a) under Regulation D promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act; or (ii) if an individual, is a “qualified purchaser” (as defined in Section 2(a)(51)(A) of the U.S. Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended) and has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters as to be able to protect its own interests in connection with an investment in the Securities. The Investor further represents and warrants that (x) it is capable of evaluating the merits and risk of such investment, and (y) other than an individual, it has not been organized for the purpose of acquiring the Securities and is an “institutional account” as defined by FINRA Rule 4512(c). The Investor understands and agrees that the offering and sale of the Securities has not been registered under the Securities Act or any applicable state securities laws and is being made in reliance upon federal and state exemptions for transactions not involving a public offering which depend upon, among other things, the bona fide nature of the investment intent and the accuracy of the Investor’s representations as expressed herein.

 

4.7 Intent. The Investor is purchasing the Securities solely for the Investor’s own account and not for the account of others, and not with a view to the resale or distribution of any part thereof in violation of the Securities Act, and the Investor has no present intention of selling, granting any participation in, or otherwise distributing the same in violation of the Securities Act without prejudice, however, to the Investor’s right at all times to sell or otherwise dispose of all or any part of such Securities in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Investor is purchasing the Securities as a fiduciary or agent for one or more investor accounts, the Investor has full investment discretion with respect to each such account, and the full power and authority to make the acknowledgements, representations and agreements herein on behalf of each owner of each such account. The Investor has no present arrangement to sell the Securities to or through any person or entity. The Investor understands that the Securities must be held indefinitely unless such Securities are resold pursuant to a registration statement under the Securities Act or an exemption from registration is available. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed a representation or warranty by the Investor to hold the Securities for any period of time.

 

4.8 Investment Experience; Ability to Protect Its Own Interests and Bear Economic Risks. The Investor acknowledges that it can bear the economic risk and complete loss of its investment in the Securities and has knowledge and experience in finance, securities, taxation, investments and other business matters as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of investments of the kind described in this Agreement and contemplated hereby, and the Investor has had an opportunity to seek, and has sought, such accounting, legal, business and tax advice as the Investor has considered necessary to make an informed investment decision. The Investor acknowledges that the Investor (i) is a sophisticated investor, experienced in investing in private placements of equity securities and capable of evaluating investment risks independently, both in general and with regard to all transactions and investment strategies involving a security or securities and (ii) has exercised independent judgment in evaluating its participation in the purchase of the Securities without reliance on the Placement Agent or any of its affiliates, or any control persons, officers, directors, employees, agents, or representatives of any of the foregoing. The Investor understands and acknowledges that the purchase and sale of the Securities hereunder (i) meets the exemptions from filing under FINRA Rule 5123(b)(1) and (ii) if an individual, is not being “recommended” (within the meaning of FINRA Rule 2111) by the Placement Agent. The Investor acknowledges that the Investor is aware that there are substantial risks incident to the purchase and ownership of the Securities, including those set forth in the Company’s filings with the SEC. Alone, or together with any professional advisor(s), the Investor has adequately analyzed and fully considered the risks of an investment in the Securities and determined that the Securities are a suitable investment for the Investor. The Investor is, at this time and in the foreseeable future, able to afford the loss of the Investor’s entire investment in the Securities and the Investor acknowledges specifically that a possibility of total loss exists.

 

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4.9 Independent Investment Decision. The Investor understands that nothing in the Transaction Agreements or any other materials presented by or on behalf of the Company to the Investor in connection with the purchase of the Securities constitutes legal, tax or investment advice. The Investor has consulted such legal, tax and investment advisors as it, in such Investor’s sole discretion, has deemed necessary or appropriate in connection with its purchase of the Securities.

 

4.10 Securities Not Registered; Legends. The Investor acknowledges and agrees that the Securities are being offered in a transaction not involving any public offering within the meaning of the Securities Act, and the Investor understands that the Securities have not been registered under the Securities Act, by reason of their issuance by the Company in a transaction exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, and that the Securities must continue to be held and may not be offered, resold, transferred, pledged or otherwise disposed of by the Investor unless a subsequent disposition thereof is registered under the Securities Act or is exempt from such registration and in each case in accordance with any applicable securities laws of any state of the United States. The Investor understands that the exemptions from registration afforded by Rule 144 (the provisions of which are known to it) promulgated under the Securities Act depend on the satisfaction of various conditions including, but not limited to, the time and manner of sale, the holding period and on requirements relating to the Company which are outside of the Investor’s control and which the Company may not be able to satisfy, and that, if applicable, Rule 144 may afford the basis for sales only in limited amounts. The Investor acknowledges and agrees that it has been advised to consult legal counsel prior to making any offer, resale, transfer, pledge or other disposition of any of the Securities. The Investor acknowledges that no federal or state agency has passed upon or endorsed the merits of the offering of the Securities or made any findings or determination as to the fairness of this investment.

 

The Investor understands that any certificates or book entry notations evidencing the Securities may bear one or more legends in substantially the following form and substance:

 

“THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED HEREBY, INCLUDING ANY SECURITIES FOR WHICH THIS SECURITY IS EXERCISABLE, HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OF THE UNITED STATES OR ANY OTHER JURISDICTION. THE SECURITIES HAVE BEEN ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD, TRANSFERRED, ASSIGNED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF EXCEPT PURSUANT TO (I) AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR (II) AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM SUCH REGISTRATION AND THE DELIVERY TO THE COMPANY OF AN OPINION OF COUNSEL REASONABLY SATISFACTORY TO IT THAT SUCH REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED.”

 

In addition, the Securities may contain a legend regarding affiliate status of the Investor, if applicable.

 

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4.11 Investor Arrangements. The Investor hereby represents that neither the Investor nor any person or entity acting on behalf of the Investor, or pursuant to any agreement or understanding with the Investor, has entered into any agreement or other arrangement that is or could reasonably be expected to be treated as (or pursuant to the terms of any such agreement or other arrangement could reasonably be expected to result in), for U.S. federal income Tax purposes, a sale or exchange or other disposition of the Securities after the Closing. The Investor hereby agrees that neither the Investor nor any person or entity acting on behalf of the Investor, or pursuant to any agreement or understanding with the Investor, will, prior to the Closing, enter into any agreement or other arrangement that will or could reasonably be expected to be treated as (or pursuant to the terms of any such agreement or other arrangement could reasonably be expected to result in), for U.S. federal income Tax purposes, a sale or exchange or other disposition of the Securities after the Closing.

 

4.12 No General Solicitation. The Investor acknowledges and agrees that the Investor is purchasing the Securities directly from the Company. Investor became aware of this offering of the Securities solely by means of direct contact from the Placement Agent or directly from the Company as a result of a pre-existing, substantive relationship with the Company or the Placement Agent, and/or their respective advisors (including, without limitation, attorneys, accountants, bankers, consultants and financial advisors), agents, control persons, representatives, Affiliates, directors, officers, managers, members, and/or employees, and/or the representatives of such persons. The Securities were offered to Investor solely by direct contact between Investor and the Company, the Placement Agent and/or their respective representatives. Investor did not become aware of this offering of the Securities, nor were the Securities offered to Investor, by any other means, and none of the Company, the Placement Agent and/or their respective representatives acted as investment advisor, broker or dealer to Investor. The Investor is not purchasing the Securities as a result of any general or public solicitation or general advertising, or publicly disseminated advertisement, article, notice or other communication regarding the Securities published in any newspaper, magazine or similar media or broadcast over television, radio or the internet or presented at any seminar or any other general solicitation or general advertisement, including any of the methods described in Section 502(c) of Regulation D under the Securities Act.

 

4.13 Access to Information. In making its decision to purchase the Securities, such Investor has relied solely upon independent investigation made by such Investor, upon the SEC Reports and upon the representations, warranties and covenants set forth herein. Such Investor acknowledges and agrees that such Investor and the Investor’s professional advisor(s), if any, have had the opportunity to ask such questions, receive such answers and obtain such information from the Company regarding the Company, its business and the terms and conditions of the offering of the Securities as the Investor and the Investor’s professional advisor(s), if any, have deemed necessary to make an investment decision with respect to the Securities and that the Investor has independently made its own analysis and decision to invest in the Company. Neither such inquiries nor any other due diligence investigation conducted by the Investor shall modify, limit or otherwise affect the Investor’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement.

 

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4.14 Certain Trading Activities. Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereby, the Investor has not, nor to the knowledge of the Investor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with the Investor, directly or indirectly executed any purchases or sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time that the Investor was first contacted by the Company or any other Person representing the Company regarding the transaction contemplated hereby and ending immediately prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of an Investor that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Investor’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of such Investor’s assets, the representation set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement and to its advisors and agents who had a need to know such information, the Investor has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to the identification of the availability of, or securing of, available shares to borrow in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.

 

4.15 ETH Payment. If Investor is paying the Aggregate Payment Amount in ETH, (i) Investor has all rights, title and interest in and to the ETH to be contributed by it to the Company pursuant to this Agreement, (ii) such ETH is held in a digital wallet held or operated by or on behalf of the Investor at or by an appropriately regulated custodian and/or in accordance with industry-standard security practices (the “Investor Digital Wallet”) and neither such ETH nor such Investor Digital Wallet is subject to any liens, encumbrances or other restrictions, (iii) Investor has taken commercially reasonable steps to protect its Investor Digital Wallet and such ETH and (iv) Investor has the exclusive ability to control such Investor Digital Wallet, including by use of “private keys” or other equivalent means or through custody arrangements or other equivalent means.

 

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4.16 Anti-Bribery and Anti-Money Laundering Laws. Neither the Investor, nor to the knowledge of the Investor, any agent or other person acting on behalf of the Investor, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, or (iii) otherwise violated in any material respect any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended. The operations of the Investor are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of Money Laundering Laws, and no proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Investor with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Investor, threatened.

 

4.17 Office of Foreign Assets Control. Neither the Investor, nor to the Investor’s knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee or Affiliate of the Investor is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC.

 

5. Covenants.

 

5.1 Further Assurances. Each party agrees to cooperate with each other and their respective officers, employees, attorneys, accountants and other agents, and, generally, do such other reasonable acts and things in good faith as may be necessary to effectuate the intents and purposes of this Agreement, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and compliance with applicable law, including taking reasonable action to facilitate the filing of any document or the taking of reasonable action to assist the other parties hereto in complying with the terms of this Agreement. The Investor acknowledges that the Company and the Placement Agent will rely on the acknowledgments, understandings, agreements, representations and warranties contained in this Agreement. Prior to the Closing, the Investor agrees to promptly notify the Company if any of the acknowledgments, understandings, agreements, representations and warranties set forth in Section 4 of this Agreement are no longer accurate.

 

5.2 Listing. The Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to maintain the listing and trading of its Common Stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market and, in accordance therewith, will use reasonable best efforts to comply in all material respects with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the rules and regulations of Nasdaq. The Company agrees to maintain the eligibility of the Common Stock for electronic transfer through an established clearing corporation, including, without limitation, by timely payment of fees to such clearing corporation in connection with such electronic transfer.

 

5.3 Disclosure of Transactions. The Company shall, by 9:01 a.m., New York City time, on the first (1st) Trading Day immediately following the date of execution and delivery of this Agreement (or, if this Agreement is executed and delivered prior to 9:00 a.m., New York City time on a Trading Day, by 9:01 a.m., New York City time on the date of this Agreement), issue a press release and/or file with the SEC a Current Report on Form 8-K (including, if applicable, all exhibits thereto, the “Disclosure Document”) disclosing all material terms of the transactions contemplated hereby and by the other Transaction Agreements, Asset Management Agreement and the Strategic Advisor Agreements and, if the Disclosure Document is a Current Report on Form 8-K, attaching this Agreement, the other Transaction Agreements, the Asset Management Agreement and the Strategic Advisor Agreements as exhibits to such Disclosure Document. The Company represents to the Investors that it shall have, from and after such issuance or filing, publicly disclosed all material, non-public information delivered to any of the Investors by the Company or its respective officers, directors, employees, Affiliates or agents, including, without limitation, the Placement Agent, in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Agreements, Asset Management Agreement or the Strategic Advisory Agreements or concerning the Company. In addition, unless it has already done so by filing the Disclosure Document, on or before the fourth (4th) Business Day that is also a trading day on the Nasdaq Capital Market following the date of this Agreement, the Company shall file with the SEC a Current Report on Form 8-K disclosing all material terms of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The Placement Agent shall not issue any press release relating to the transactions contemplated hereby without the Company’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company shall not publicly disclose the name of any Investor or any of its Affiliates or advisors, or include the name of any Investor or any of its Affiliates or advisors in any press release or filing with the SEC (other than any registration statement contemplated by the Registration Rights Agreement) or any regulatory agency, without the prior written consent of the Investor, except (i) as required by the federal securities law in connection with (A) any registration statement contemplated by the Registration Rights Agreement and (B) the filing of final Transaction Agreements with the SEC or pursuant to other routine proceedings of regulatory authorities, or (ii) to the extent such disclosure is required by law, at the request of the staff of the SEC or regulatory agency or under the regulations of the Nasdaq Capital Market.

 

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5.4 Integration. The Company shall not, and shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that no Affiliate of the Company shall, sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section 2 of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities in a manner that would require the registration under the Securities Act of the sale of the Securities to the Investors, or that will be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes of the rules and regulations of any National Exchange such that it would require stockholder approval prior to the closing of such other transaction unless stockholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction.

 

5.5 Removal of Legends.

 

(a) In connection with any sale, assignment, transfer or other disposition of the Initial Shares or Pre-Funded Warrant Shares by an Investor or the Strategic Advisor Warrant Shares by a Strategic Advisor pursuant to Rule 144 or pursuant to any other exemption under the Securities Act such that the purchaser acquires freely tradable shares and upon compliance by the Investor with the requirements of this Agreement, if requested by the Investor by notice to the Company, the Company shall request the Transfer Agent to remove any restrictive legends on the certificates to be issued to the transferee or restrictive notation to such shares in the book entry account of the transferee to which such shares are transferred as soon as reasonably practicable following any such request therefor from the Investor, provided that the Company has timely received from the Investor customary representations and other documentation reasonably acceptable to the Company and the Transfer Agent in connection therewith. The Company shall be responsible for the fees of its Transfer Agent and its legal counsel associated with such legend removal.

 

(b) Subject to receipt from the Investor by the Company and the Transfer Agent of customary representations and other documentation reasonably acceptable to the Company and the Transfer Agent in connection therewith, upon the earliest of such time as the Initial Shares, Pre-Funded Warrant Shares or Strategic Advisor Warrant Shares (i) have been registered under the Securities Act pursuant to an effective registration statement; or (ii) have been sold pursuant to Rule 144, the Company shall, in accordance with the provisions of this Section 5.5(b) and promptly following any request therefor from an Investor accompanied by such customary and reasonably acceptable documentation referred to above, (A) deliver to the Transfer Agent irrevocable instructions that the Transfer Agent shall make a new, unlegended entry for such book entry shares, and (B) cause its counsel to promptly deliver to the Transfer Agent one or more opinions to the effect that the removal of such legends in such circumstances may be effected under the Securities Act if required by the Transfer Agent to effect the removal of the legend in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.

 

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5.6 Tax Matters. (a) Withholdings Taxes. Each Investor agrees to furnish the Company with any information, representations and forms as shall reasonably be requested by the Company from time to time to assist the Company in complying with any applicable tax law (including any withholding obligations).

 

(b) Intended Tax Treatment. Each party hereto intends that (i) the purchase of the Securities by each Investor, together and as part of a single integrated transaction, shall qualify as an exchange by such Investor of cash and/or ETH for the Securities pursuant to Section 351(a) of the Code, and (ii) the Pre-Funded Warrants shall be treated as stock for U.S. federal (and applicable state and local) income tax purposes (together, the “Intended Tax Treatment”). Each party hereto agrees to report the purchase of the Securities by the Investors consistently with the Intended Tax Treatment and no party will take any position inconsistent with the Intended Tax Treatment in the filing of any Tax Returns, in the course of any audit or Tax review by any governmental authority relating to any Tax Returns, or otherwise, unless required by a “determination” within the meaning of Section 1313(a)(1) of the Code. Each party to this Agreement shall file with its applicable U.S. federal income Tax Return on a timely basis the information required by Treasury Regulations Section 1.351-3 and maintain the permanent records described in Treasury Regulations Section 1.351-3, in each case, to the extent applicable, and in the event a taxing authority disputes or takes a position inconsistent with the Intended Tax Treatment, the party receiving notice of such dispute shall promptly notify the other parties hereto.

 

(c) Tax Basis Information. Without limiting the obligations of each Investor set forth in Section 5.6(b), each Investor who purchases the Securities by transferring ETH to the Company in accordance with Section 2.2 shall furnish or otherwise make available to the Company (and shall cooperate with the Company in obtaining) all information and documentation necessary for the Company to specifically identify the tax basis in each such ETH for U.S. federal (and applicable state and local) income tax purposes, including, but not limited to: (i) the date, time, and source of acquisition of each such ETH, (ii) the original cost and fair market value at the time of acquisition of each such ETH, (iii) historical wallet and account location with respect to each such ETH, and (iv) detailed transaction history (both on-chain and off-chain) with respect to each such ETH.

 

5.7 [Reserved.]

 

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5.8 Fees and Commissions. The Company shall be solely responsible for the payment of any placement agent’s fees, financial advisory fees, or broker’s commissions for Persons engaged by the Company and any other Person authorized by the Company to act on its behalf relating to or arising out of the transactions contemplated hereby, including, without limitation, any fees or commissions payable to the Placement Agent. For the avoidance of doubt, the Company shall have no responsibility for the payment of any placement agent’s fees, financial advisory fees, or broker’s commissions for any Persons engaged, or alleged to be engaged, by an Investor, a Strategic Advisor, Asset Manager or any or any other Person authorized by any of them to act on its behalf).

 

5.9 No Conflicting Agreements. The Company will not take any action, enter into any agreement or make any commitment that would conflict or interfere in any material respect with the Company’s obligations to the Investors under the Transaction Agreements.

 

5.10 Indemnification.

 

(a) The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each Investor and its Affiliates, and their respective directors, officers, trustees, general partners, members, stockholders, partners, managers, employees, investment advisors and agents (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title) each Person who controls such Investor (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, stockholders, agents, members, partners or employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title) of such controlling persons (collectively, the “Indemnified Persons”), from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities and expenses (including without limitation reasonable and documented attorney fees and disbursements and other documented out-of-pocket expenses reasonably incurred in connection with investigating, preparing or defending any action, claim or proceeding, pending or threatened and the costs of enforcement thereof) to which such Person may become subject as a result of any breach of representation, warranty, covenant or agreement made by or to be performed on the part of the Company under the Transaction Agreements, and will reimburse any such Person for all such amounts as they are incurred by such Person solely to the extent such amounts have been finally judicially determined not to have resulted from such Person’s fraud or willful misconduct. The above notwithstanding, the Company shall not be liable under this Section 5.10(a) in respect of punitive, consequential, special or indirect damages and any kind or nature, including, without limitation, damages for lost profits or revenues.

 

(b) Any person entitled to indemnification hereunder shall (i) give prompt written notice to the indemnifying party of any claim with respect to which it seeks indemnification and (ii) permit such indemnifying party to assume the defense of such claim with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party; provided that any person entitled to indemnification hereunder shall have the right to employ separate counsel and to participate in the defense of such claim, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such person unless (a) the indemnifying party has agreed in writing to pay such fees or expenses, (b) the indemnifying party shall have failed to assume the defense of such claim and employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to such person or (c) in the reasonable judgment of any such person, based upon written advice of its counsel, a conflict of interest exists between such person and the indemnifying party with respect to such claims (in which case, if the person notifies the indemnifying party in writing that such person elects to employ separate counsel at the expense of the indemnifying party, the indemnifying party shall not have the right to assume the defense of such claim on behalf of such person); and provided, further, that the failure of any indemnified party to give written notice as provided herein shall not relieve the indemnifying party of its obligations hereunder, except to the extent that such failure to give notice shall materially adversely affect the indemnifying party in the defense of any such claim or litigation. It is understood that the indemnifying party shall not, in connection with any proceeding in the same jurisdiction, be liable for fees or expenses of more than one separate firm of attorneys at any time for all such indemnified parties. No indemnifying party will, except with the consent of the indemnified party, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, consent to entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement unless such judgment or settlement (i) imposes no liability or obligation on, (ii) includes as an unconditional term thereof the giving of a complete, explicit and unconditional release from the party bringing such indemnified claims of all liability of the indemnified party in respect of such claim or litigation in favor of, and (iii) does not include any admission of fault, culpability, wrongdoing, or wrongdoing or malfeasance by or on behalf of, the indemnified party. No indemnified party will, except with the consent of the indemnifying party, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, consent to entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement.

 

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5.11 Subsequent Equity Sales. From the date of this Agreement until the earlier of (a) thirty (30) days after the Closing Date and (b) the Business Day immediately following the effective date of the registration statement filed pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the Company shall not (A) issue shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, (B) effect a reverse stock split, recapitalization, share consolidation, reclassification or similar transaction affecting the outstanding Common Stock or (C) file with the SEC a registration statement under the Securities Act relating to any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, except pursuant to the terms of the Registration Rights Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the provisions of this Section 5.11 shall not apply to (i) the issuance of the Securities hereunder or the issuance of the Strategic Advisor Warrants, (ii) the issuance of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents upon the conversion, exercise or vesting of any securities of the Company outstanding on the date of this Agreement or outstanding pursuant to clause (iii) below, (iii) the issuance of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents pursuant to any Company stock-based compensation plans or in accordance with Nasdaq Stock Market Rule 5635(c)(4), (iv) the filing of a registration statement on Form S-8 under the Securities Act to register the offer and sale of securities on an equity incentive plan or employee stock purchase plan, or (v) without duplication, an Exempt Issuance.

 

5.12 Reservation of Common Stock. As of the date of this Agreement, the Company has reserved and the Company shall continue to reserve and keep available at all times, free of preemptive rights, a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock for the purpose of enabling the Company to issue the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares and the Strategic Advisor Warrant Shares that are issuable upon the exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants and Strategic Advisor Warrants, respectively, in their entirety (without regard to any limitations or restrictions on exercise of such warrants).

 

5.13 Furnishing of Information; Public Information.

 

(a) Until the earlier of the time that (i) no Investor owns Securities and (ii) the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Strategic Advisor Warrants have expired, the Company covenants to maintain the registration of the Common Stock under Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act and to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to the Exchange Act even if the Company is not then subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act.

 

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(b) At any time during the period commencing from the six (6) month anniversary of the date hereof and ending at such time that all of the Securities of an Investor may be sold without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with Rule 144(c)(1) and otherwise without restriction or limitation pursuant to Rule 144, if the Company (i) shall fail for any reason to satisfy the current public information requirement under Rule 144(c) or (ii) has ever been an issuer described in Rule 144(i)(1)(i) or becomes such an issuer in the future, and the Company shall fail to satisfy any condition set forth in Rule 144(i)(2) (a “Public Information Failure”) then, in addition to such Investor’s other available remedies, the Company shall pay to that Investor, in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, by reason of any such delay in or reduction of its ability to sell the Securities, an amount in cash equal to $1,000 per day of a Public Information Failure until the earlier of (a) the date such Public Information Failure is cured and (b) such time that such public information is no longer required for that Investor to transfer the Shares or Pre-Funded Warrant Shares pursuant to Rule 144. The payments to which a Investor shall be entitled pursuant to this Section 5.13(b) are referred to herein as “Public Information Failure Payments.” Public Information Failure Payments shall be paid on the earlier of (i) the last day of the calendar month during which such Public Information Failure Payments are incurred and (ii) the third (3rd) Business Day after the event or failure giving rise to the Public Information Failure Payments is cured. In the event the Company fails to make Public Information Failure Payments in a timely manner, other than during the pendency of any bona fide dispute over whether an alleged Public Information Failure has occurred, such Public Information Failure Payments shall bear interest at the rate of 1.5% per month (prorated for partial months) until paid in full. Nothing herein shall limit such Investor’s right to pursue actual damages for the Public Information Failure, and such Investor shall have the right to pursue all remedies available to it at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief.

 

5.14 Use of Proceeds. The Company shall use (a) the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder to fund the Transaction Cash Bonuses and Director Payments, (b) $10 million of the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder to fund the operating expenses and general corporate purposes of the Company (the “Operating Allocation”) and (c) the remainder of the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder to fund the acquisition of ETH and the establishment of the Company’s ETH treasury operations as provided in the Treasury Reserve Policy (as defined below). The Company shall not use such proceeds: (x) for the redemption of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, (y) for the settlement of any outstanding litigation or (z) in violation of FCPA or OFAC regulations.

 

5.15 Lock-Up Agreements. The Company shall not amend, modify, waive or terminate any provision of any of the Lock-Up Agreements without the prior written consent of the Placement Agent, except to extend the term of the lock-up period, and shall enforce the provisions of each Lock-Up Agreement in accordance with its terms. If any party to a Lock-Up Agreement breaches any provision of a Lock-Up Agreement, the Company shall promptly use its reasonable best efforts to seek specific performance of the terms of such Lock-Up Agreement.

 

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5.16 Treasury Reserve Policy. Following the Closing, the Company shall prepare and adopt a policy (the “Treasury Reserve Policy”), under which the Company’s treasury reserve assets will consist of (i) cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments (“Cash Assets”) that exceed working capital requirements and (ii) ETH which will serve as the primary treasury reserve asset of the Company on an ongoing basis, subject to market conditions and anticipated needs of the business for Cash Assets. The Treasury Reserve Policy will provide that any amendment, modification or change to such policy will only require the consent of the Board of Directors.

 

5.17 Transaction Cash Bonuses and Director Payments. In connection with the Closing, the Company shall allocate up to $500,000 (in the aggregate) for the payment of transaction cash bonus to certain of the management and existing employees and one-time cash awards to directors for additional services rendered as directors in connection with the transactions contemplated herein (the “Transaction Cash Bonuses and Director Payments”) payable within thirty (30) days of the Closing. The allocation of the Transaction Cash Bonuses and Director Payments shall be determined at the discretion of the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Compensation Committee”) and shall be inclusive of any transaction cash bonuses, success fees or similar payments owed to the Company’s management and existing employees in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder pursuant to existing agreements or arrangements.

 

5.18 Equity Grants. In connection with the Closing, the Company shall grant options, restricted stock shares, or restricted stock units, to purchase Common Stock to the Company’s management, directors, and consultants of an aggregate number of shares equal to the lesser of (a) four percent (4%) of the Company’s Fully Diluted Capitalization as of the Closing and (b) $30 million (based on the grant date fair value of the awards) (the “Management Equity Grants”). The allocation of the Management Equity Grants shall be determined at the discretion of the Compensation Committee. The Management Equity Grants if issued in the form of restricted stock or restricted stock units, shall not be issued or issuable until after Closing, and if issued in the form of options to purchase shares of Common Stock, shall not be exercisable until after Closing, and shall in each case be subject to rules and requirements of Nasdaq, including where applicable, stockholder approval thereof. In the event the Management Equity Grants shall require approval of the stockholders of the Company in order to be issued or to be exercisable, the Company shall use its commercially reasonable best efforts to seek such stockholder approval promptly following the Closing.

 

5.19 Proceeds from Future Financings. Unless otherwise determined by the majority of the Board of Directors, proceeds from future financings shall be allocated as described in Schedule 5.19 hereto.

 

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6. Conditions of Closing.

 

6.1 Conditions to the Obligation of the Investors. The several obligations of each Investor to consummate the transactions to be consummated at the Closing, and to purchase and pay for the Securities being purchased by it at the Closing pursuant to this Agreement, are subject to the satisfaction or waiver in writing of the following conditions precedent:

 

(a) Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties of the Company contained herein shall be true and correct in all material respects, except for those representation and warranties qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, which shall be true and correct in all respects, as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date, as though made on and as of such date, except to the extent any such representation or warranty expressly speaks as of an earlier date, in which case such representation or warranty shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date, except for those representations and warranties qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, which shall be true and correct in all respects as of such earlier date.

 

(b) Performance. The Company shall have performed in all material respects the obligations and conditions herein required to be performed or observed by the Company on or prior to the Closing Date.

 

(c) No Injunction. The purchase of and payment for the Securities by each Investor shall not be prohibited or enjoined by any law or governmental or court order or regulation and no such prohibition shall have been threatened in writing.

 

(d) Consents. The Company shall have obtained any and all consents, permits, approvals, registrations and waivers necessary for the consummation of the purchase and sale of the Securities, all of which shall be in full force and effect.

 

(e) Transfer Agent. The Company shall have furnished all required materials to the Transfer Agent to reflect the issuance of the Initial Shares at the Closing.

 

(f) Adverse Changes. Since the date of this Agreement, no event or series of events shall have occurred that has had or would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(g) Opinion of Company Counsel. The Company shall have delivered to the Investors and the Placement Agent the opinions of The Loev Law Firm, PC and Reed Smith LLP dated as of the Closing Date, in customary form and substance to be reasonably agreed upon with the Investors and addressing such legal matters as the Investors and the Company reasonably agree.

 

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(h) Compliance Certificate. An authorized officer of the Company shall have delivered to the Investors at the Closing Date a certificate certifying that the conditions specified in Sections 6.1(a) (Representations and Warranties), 6.1(b) (Performance), 6.1(c) (No Injunction), 6.1(d) (Consents), 6.1(e) (Transfer Agent), 6.1(f) (Adverse Changes), 6.1(k) (Listing Requirements) and 6.1(l) (No Injunction) of this Agreement have been fulfilled.

 

(i) Secretary’s Certificate. The Secretary of the Company shall have delivered to the Investors at the Closing Date a certificate certifying (i) the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation; (ii) the Amended and Restated Bylaws; and (iii) resolutions of the Company’s Board of Directors (or an authorized committee thereof) approving this Agreement, the other Transaction Agreements, the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the issuance of the Securities, the Strategic Advisor Warrants, the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares and the Strategic Advisor Warrant Shares.

 

(j) Registration Rights Agreement. The Company shall have executed and delivered the Registration Rights Agreement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) to the Investors.

 

(k) Listing Requirements. No stop order or suspension of trading shall have been imposed by Nasdaq, the SEC or any other governmental or regulatory body with respect to public trading in the Common Stock. The Common Stock shall be listed on a National Exchange and shall not have been suspended, as of the Closing Date, by the SEC or the National Exchange from trading thereon nor shall suspension by the SEC or the National Exchange have been threatened, as of the Closing Date, in writing by the SEC or the National Exchange; and the Company shall have filed with Nasdaq a Notification Form: Listing of Additional Shares for the listing of the Initial Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares and the Strategic Advisor Warrant Shares, and Nasdaq shall have raised no objection to such notice and the transactions contemplated hereby.

 

(l) No Injunction. No judgment, writ, order, injunction, award or decree of or by any court, or judge, justice or magistrate, including any bankruptcy court or judge, or any order of or by any Governmental Entity, shall have been issued, and no action or proceeding shall have been instituted by any Governmental Entity, enjoining or preventing the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or in the other Transaction Agreements.

 

(m) Payment. Except as may be agreed to among the Company and one or more Investors in accordance with Section 2.2, the Company shall have received payment, if in cash by wire transfer of immediately available funds or if in ETH by transfer of the ETH Amount to the Custodial Account, in the full amount of the Aggregate Purchase Price by each other Investor at the Closing as set forth in Exhibit A.

 

(n) Lock-Up Agreements. The Company and each of the individuals or entities listed on Schedule 6.1(n) shall have duly executed Lock-Up Agreements, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D.

 

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(o) Strategic Advisor Agreements. The Company and the Strategic Advisors shall have duly executed each of the Strategic Advisor Agreements and the Strategic Advisor Agreements shall continue to be effective on the Closing Date.

 

(p) Board of Directors. The Company shall have taken all necessary corporate action such that effective as of the Closing, (i) the authorized size of the Board of Directors increases to six, (ii) the New Directors shall be appointed as members of the Board of Directors, (iii) the New Directors shall be appointed to positions as members of the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of the Board of Directors, as determined in the discretion of the Board of Directors, such that the Company meets the continued listing standards of Nasdaq; and (iv) following the Closing, the Company shall use reasonable best efforts to hold a meeting of stockholders and seek stockholder approval to appoint Jason New a member of the Board of Directors.

 

(q) Asset Management Agreement. The Asset Manager shall have duly executed the Asset Management Agreement and the Asset Management Agreement shall continue to be effective on the Closing Date.

 

6.2 Conditions to the Obligation of the Company. The obligation of the Company to consummate the transactions to be consummated at the Closing, and to issue and sell to each Investor the Securities to be purchased by it at the Closing pursuant to this Agreement, is subject to the satisfaction or waiver in writing of the following conditions precedent:

 

(a) Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties of each Investor in Section 4 hereto shall be true and correct on and as of the Closing Date, with the same force and effect as though made on and as of the Closing Date and consummation of the Closing shall constitute a reaffirmation by the Investor of each of the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements of the Investor contained in this Agreement as of the Closing Date.

 

(b) Performance. Each Investor shall have performed or complied with in all material respects all obligations and conditions herein required to be performed or observed by such Investor on or prior to the Closing Date.

 

(c) Injunction. The purchase of and payment for the Securities by each Investor shall not be prohibited or enjoined by any law or governmental or court order or regulation.

 

(d) Asset Management Agreement. The the Asset Manager shall have duly executed the Asset Management Agreement and the Asset Management Agreement shall continue to be effective on the Closing Date.

 

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(e) Strategic Advisor Agreements. The Strategic Advisors shall have duly executed each of the Strategic Advisor Agreements and the Strategic Advisor Agreements shall continue to be effective on the Closing Date.

 

(f) Registration Rights Agreement. Each Investor shall have executed and delivered the Registration Rights Agreement to the Company in the form attached as Exhibit B.

 

(g) Payment. Except as may be agreed to among the Company and such Investor in accordance with Section 2.2, the Company shall have received payment, if in cash by wire transfer of immediately available funds, if in ETH by transfer of the ETH Amount to the Custodial Account, in the full amount of the purchase price for the number of Securities being purchased by each Investor at the Closing as set forth in Exhibit A.

 

7. Termination.

 

7.1 Termination. The obligations of the Company, on the one hand, and the Investors, on the other hand, to effect the Closing shall terminate as follows:

 

(i) Upon the mutual written consent of the Company and the Investors that agreed to purchase a majority of the Securities prior to the Closing;

 

(ii) By the Company if any of the conditions set forth in Section 6.2 shall have become incapable of fulfillment, and shall not have been waived by the Company;

 

(iii) By an Investor (with respect to itself only) if any of the conditions set forth in Section 6.1 shall have become incapable of fulfillment, and shall not have been waived by such Investor; or

 

(iv) By either the Company or an Investor (with respect to itself only) if the Closing has not occurred on or prior to the fifth Business Day following the date of this Agreement;

 

provided, however, that, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) above, the party seeking to terminate its obligation to effect the Closing shall not then be in breach of any of its representations, warranties, covenants or agreements contained in the Transaction Agreements if such breach has resulted in the circumstances giving rise to such party’s seeking to terminate its obligation to effect the Closing.

 

7.2 Notice. In the event of termination by the Company or the Investor of its obligations to effect the Closing pursuant to Section 7.1, written notice thereof shall be given to the other Investors by the Company. Nothing in this Section 7 shall be deemed to release any party from any liability for any breach by such party of the other terms and provisions of the Transaction Agreements or to impair the right of any party to compel specific performance by any other party of its other obligations under the Transaction Agreements.

 

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8. Miscellaneous Provisions.

 

8.1 Public Statements or Releases. Except as set forth in Section 5.3, neither the Company nor any Investor shall make any public announcement with respect to the existence or terms of this Agreement or the transactions provided for herein without the prior consent of the other party (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld). Notwithstanding the foregoing, and subject to compliance with Section 5.3, nothing in this Section 8.1 shall prevent any party from the filing of the registration statement required to be filed by the Company pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, in which case the Company shall allow the Investors reasonable time to comment on such release or announcement in advance of such issuance, and the Company will consider in good faith any Investor comments.

 

8.2 Notices. Any notices or other communications required or permitted to be given hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to be given (a) when delivered if personally delivered to the party for whom it is intended, (b) when delivered, if sent by electronic mail during normal business hours of the recipient, and if not sent during normal business hours, then on the recipient’s next Business Day, (c) three (3) days after having been sent by certified or registered mail, return-receipt requested and postage prepaid, or (d) one (1) Business Day after deposit with a nationally recognized overnight courier, freight prepaid, specifying next business day delivery, with written verification of receipt:

 

(a)If to the Company, addressed as follows:

 

180 Life Sciences Corp.
3000 El Camino Real, Bldg 4, Suite 200
Palo Alto, California

94306
Attention: Blair Jordan
Eric Van Lent
Email: [email protected]
[email protected]

 

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice):

 

Reed Smith LLP
599 Lexington Avenue, 22nd Floor
New York, New York 10022

Attention: Anne G. Peetz
Email: [email protected]

 

and

The Loev Law Firm, PC
6300 West Loop South, Suite 280
Bellaire, Texas 77401
Attention: David Loev, Esq
Email: [email protected]

 

 

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(b) If to any Investor, at its address or e-mail address set forth on Exhibit A, or such address as subsequently modified by written notice given in accordance with this Section 8.2.

 

Any Person may change the address to which notices and communications to it are to be addressed by notification as provided for herein.

 

8.3 Consent to Electronic Notice. Each Investor consents to the delivery of any stockholder notice pursuant to Section 232 of the DGCL, at the e-mail address set forth below the Investor’s name on the signature page or Exhibit A, as updated from time to time by notice to the Company. To the extent that any notice given by means of electronic mail is returned or undeliverable for any reason, the foregoing consent shall be deemed to have been revoked until a new or corrected e-mail address has been provided, and such attempted electronic notice shall be ineffective and deemed to not have been given. Each party agrees to promptly notify the other parties of any change in its e-mail address, and that failure to do so shall not affect the foregoing.

 

8.4 Severability. If any part or provision of this Agreement is held unenforceable or in conflict with the applicable laws or regulations of any jurisdiction, the invalid or unenforceable part or provisions shall be replaced with a provision which accomplishes, to the extent possible, the original business purpose of such part or provision in a valid and enforceable manner, and the remainder of this Agreement shall remain binding upon the parties hereto.

 

8.5 Governing Law; Submission to Jurisdiction; Venue; Waiver of Trial by Jury.

 

(a) This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York without regard to choice of laws or conflicts of laws provisions thereof that would require the application of the laws of any other jurisdiction, except to the extent that mandatory principles of Delaware law may apply.

 

(b) The Company and each of the Investors hereby irrevocably and unconditionally:

 

(i) submits for itself and its property in any legal action or proceeding relating solely to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby, to the general jurisdiction of the any state court or United States Federal court sitting in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York in the State of New York;

 

(ii) consents that any such action or proceeding may be brought in such courts, and waives any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the venue of any such action or proceeding in any such court or that such action or proceeding was brought in an inconvenient court and agrees not to plead or claim the same to the extent permitted by applicable law;

 

(iii) agrees that service of process in any such action or proceeding may be effected by mailing a copy thereof by registered or certified mail (or any substantially similar form of mail), postage prepaid, to the party, as the case may be, at its address set forth in Section 8.2 or at such other address of which the other party shall have been notified pursuant thereto;

 

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(iv) agrees that nothing herein shall affect the right to effect service of process in any other manner permitted by law or shall limit the right to sue in any other jurisdiction for recognition and enforcement of any judgment or if jurisdiction in the courts referenced in the foregoing clause (i) are not available despite the intentions of the parties hereto;

 

(v) agrees that final judgment in any such suit, action or proceeding brought in such a court may be enforced in the courts of any jurisdiction to which such party is subject by a suit upon such judgment, provided that service of process is effected upon such party in the manner specified herein or as otherwise permitted by law;

 

(vi) agrees that to the extent that such party has or hereafter may acquire any immunity from jurisdiction of any court or from any legal process with respect to itself or its property, such party hereby irrevocably waives such immunity in respect of its obligations under this Agreement, to the extent permitted by law; and

 

(vii) irrevocably and unconditionally waives trial by jury in any legal action or proceeding in relation to this Agreement.

 

8.6 Waiver. No waiver of any term, provision or condition of this Agreement, whether by conduct or otherwise, in any one or more instances, shall be deemed to be, or be construed as, a further or continuing waiver of any such term, provision or condition or as a waiver of any other term, provision or condition of this Agreement.

 

8.7 Expenses. Except as expressly set forth in the Transaction Agreements to the contrary, each party shall pay its own out-of-pocket fees and expenses, including the fees and expenses of attorneys, accountants and consultants employed by such party, incurred in connection with the proposed investment in the Securities and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby; provided, however, that the Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees (including, without limitation, any fees required for same-day processing of any instruction letter delivered by the Company), stamp taxes and other taxes (other than income taxes) and duties levied in connection with the delivery of any Securities to the Investors. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of Gunderson Dettmer Stough Villeneuve Frankling & Hachigian, LLP, counsel for Electric Capital in connection with the Transaction Agreements, in an amount not to exceed $500,000 in the aggregate. The Company shall pay all Placement Agent fees relating to or arising out of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

 

8.8 Assignment. None of the parties may assign its rights or obligations under this Agreement or designate another person (i) to perform all or part of its obligations under this Agreement or (ii) to have all or part of its rights and benefits under this Agreement, in each case without the prior written consent of (x) the Company, in the case of an Investor, and (y) the Investors, in the case of the Company, provided that an Investor may, without the prior consent of the Company, assign its rights to purchase the Securities hereunder to any of its Affiliates or to any other investment funds or accounts managed or advised by the investment manager who acts on behalf of such Investor (provided each such assignee agrees to be bound by the terms of this Agreement and makes the same representations and warranties set forth in Section 4 ). In the event of any assignment in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the assignee shall specifically assume and be bound by the provisions of this Agreement by executing a writing agreeing to be bound by and subject to the provisions of this Agreement and shall deliver an executed counterpart signature page to this Agreement and, notwithstanding such assumption or agreement to be bound hereby by an assignee, no such assignment shall relieve any party assigning any interest hereunder from its obligations or liability pursuant to this Agreement.

 

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8.9 Confidential Information.

 

(a) Each Investor covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company in a Form 8-K current report, such Investor will maintain the confidentiality of the existence and terms of this transaction),Agreement and the other Transaction Agreements, except that the foregoing shall not prohibit disclosure by such Investor to such Investor’s outside attorney, accountant, auditor or investment advisor only to the extent necessary to permit evaluation of the investment, and the performance of the necessary or required tax, accounting, financial, legal, or administrative tasks and services and other than as may be required by law.

 

(b) Prior to the Closing, the Company may request from the Investors such reasonable and customary additional information as the Company may deem necessary to evaluate the eligibility of the Investor to acquire the Securities, and the Investor shall promptly provide such information as may reasonably be requested to the extent readily available; provided, that the Company agrees to keep any such information provided by the Investor confidential, except (i) as required by the federal securities laws, rules or regulations and (ii) to the extent such disclosure is required by other laws, rules or regulations, at the request of the staff of the SEC or regulatory agency or under the regulations of Nasdaq. The Investor acknowledges that the Company may file a copy of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement with the SEC as exhibit to a periodic report or a registration statement of the Company.

 

8.10 Reliance by and Exculpation of Placement Agent.

 

(a) Each Investor acknowledges and agrees for the express benefit of the Placement Agent, its affiliates, and any of their respective control persons, officers, directors, employees, agents, and representatives that (i) none of the Placement Agent or any of its affiliates or its control persons, officers, directors, employees, agents, or representatives of any of the foregoing has made, and will not make any representations or warranties, whether express or implied, with respect to the Company or the offer and sale of the Shares, and such Investor will not rely on any statements made by the Placement Agent, orally or in writing, to the contrary, (ii) such Investor will be responsible for conducting its own due diligence investigation with respect to the Company and the offer and sale of the Shares, (iii) such Investor will be purchasing Shares based on the results of its own due diligence investigation of the Company, and none of the Placement Agent nor any of its affiliates nor any control persons, officers, directors, employees, partners, agents, or representatives of any of the foregoing (x) has made any independent investigation with respect to the Company, the Shares, or the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of any information supplied to the Investor by the Company and (y) is not making any recommendation to any Investor with respect to the Company or the Shares, including the purchase of the Shares by any Investor, (iv) none of the Transaction Agreements has been prepared by the Placement Agent or any of its affiliates, or any control persons, officers, directors, employees, agents, or representatives of any of the foregoing in connection with the offer and sale of the Shares, (v) none of the Placement Agent nor any of its affiliates, nor any control persons, officers, directors, employees, agents, or representatives of any of the foregoing, has (x) any responsibility with respect to (1) any representations, warranties, or agreements made by any other Person under or in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any of the documents furnished pursuant thereto or in connection therewith, or the execution, legality, validity, or enforceability (with respect to any Person) or any thereof or (2) the business, affairs, financial condition, operations, properties, or prospects of, or any other matter concerning the Company or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or (y) any liability or obligation (including, without limitation, for or with respect to any losses, claims, damages, obligations, penalties, judgments, awards, liabilities, costs, expenses, or disbursements incurred by the Investor, the Company, or any other Person), whether in contract, tort, or otherwise, to the Investor, or to any Person claiming through such Investor, in respect of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (vi) the Placement Agent may have acquired, or may acquire, non-public information with respect to the Company, which such Investor agrees need not be provided to it, (vii) the Placement Agent is acting solely as a placement agent to the Company in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and none of the Placement Agent, nor any of its affiliates, or any control persons, officers, directors, employees, agents, or representatives of any of the foregoing, is acting as an underwriter or in any other capacity and is not and shall not be construed as a financial advisor or fiduciary for such Investor, the Company, or any other person or entity in connection with any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and (viii) the decision to invest in the Company will involve a significant degree of risk, including a risk of total loss of such investment. Each Investor further represents and warrants to the Placement Agent that such Investor, including any fund or funds that such Investor manages or advises that participates in the offer and sale of the Shares, is permitted under its constitutive documents (including, without limitation, all limited partnership agreements, charters, bylaws, limited liability company agreements, all applicable side letters with investors, and similar documents) to make investments of the type contemplated by this Agreement. This Section 8.10 shall survive any termination of this Agreement.

 

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(b) The Company agrees and acknowledges that the Placement Agent may rely on its representations, warranties, agreements and covenants contained in this Agreement and each Investor agrees that the Placement Agent may rely on such Investor’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement as if such representations and warranties, as applicable, were made directly to the Placement Agent.

 

(c) Neither the Placement Agent nor any of its affiliates, or any control persons, officers, directors, employees, agents, or representatives of any of the foregoing, (1) shall have any liability to the Investors pursuant to, arising out of or relating to this Agreement, the negotiation hereof or thereof, or its subject matter, or the transactions contemplated in this Agreement or thereby, including, without limitation, with respect to any action heretofore or hereafter taken or omitted to be taken by any of them in connection with the purchase of the Shares or with respect to any claim (whether in tort, contract or otherwise) for breach of this Agreement or in respect of any written or oral representations made or alleged to be made in connection herewith, as expressly provided herein, or for any actual or alleged inaccuracies, misstatements, or omissions with respect to any information or materials of any kind furnished by the Company, the Placement Agent or any Non-Party Affiliate (as defined below) concerning the Placement Agent, this Agreement, or the transactions contemplated hereby. For purposes of this Agreement, “Non-Party Affiliates” means each former, current or future officer, director, employee, partner, member, manager, direct or indirect equityholder, or affiliate of the Placement Agent or any of the Placement Agent’s controlled affiliates. The Investor agrees that the Placement Agent shall not be liable to it (including in contract, tort, under federal or state securities laws or otherwise) for any action heretofore or hereafter taken or omitted to be taken by any of them in connection with the sale of Shares pursuant to this Agreement. On behalf of the Investor and its affiliates, such Investor releases the Placement Agent in respect of any losses, claims, damages, obligations, penalties, judgments, awards, liabilities, costs, expenses, or disbursements related to the sale of Shares pursuant to this Agreement. Each Investor agrees not to commence any litigation or bring any claim against the Placement Agent in any court or any other forum which relates to, may arise out of, or is in connection with, the sale of Shares pursuant to this Agreement. This undertaking is given freely and after obtaining independent legal advice.

 

(d) The Company agrees that the Placement Agent, its affiliates and any of their respective control persons, officers, directors, employees, agents and representatives shall be entitled to (1) rely on, and shall be protected in acting upon, any certificate, instrument, notice, letter or any other document or security delivered to any of them by or on behalf of the Company, and (2) be indemnified by the Company for acting as the Placement Agent hereunder pursuant to the indemnification provisions set forth in the applicable letter agreement between the Company and the Placement Agent.

 

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8.11 Third Parties. Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer on any Person other than the parties to this Agreement any rights, remedies, claims, benefits, obligations or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, and no Person that is not a party to this Agreement (including, without limitation, any partner, member, shareholder, director, officer, employee or other beneficial owner of any party to this Agreement, in its own capacity as such or in bringing a derivative action on behalf of a party to this Agreement) shall have any standing as a third party beneficiary with respect to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) the Placement Agent is an intended third-party beneficiary of the representations and warranties of the Company and of each Investor set forth in Section 3, Section 4 and Section 6.1(h) and Section 8.10 respectively, of this Agreement and (ii) the Indemnified Persons are intended third-party beneficiaries of Section 5.9.

 

8.12 Independent Nature of Investors’ Obligations and Right. The obligations of each Investor under this Agreement are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Investor, and no Investor shall be responsible in any way for the performance obligations of any other Investor under this Agreement. Nothing contained herein, and no action taken by any Investor pursuant hereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Investors as, and the Company acknowledges that the Investors do not so constitute, a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Investors are in any way acting in concert or as a group, and the Company will not assert any such claim with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The Company acknowledges and each Investor confirms that it has independently participated in the negotiation of the transaction contemplated hereby with the advice of its own counsel and advisors. Each Investor also acknowledges that neither The Loev Law Firm, PC nor Reed Smith LLP has rendered legal advice to such Investor. Each Investor (other than Electric Capital), acknowledges that Gunderson Dettmer Stough Villeneuve Frankling & Hachigian, LLP has not rendered legal advice to such Investor. Each Investor shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights, including, without limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement, and it shall not be necessary for any other Investor to be joined as an additional party in any proceeding for such purpose. The Company has elected to provide all Investors with the same terms and Transaction Agreements for the convenience of the Company and not because it was required or requested to do so by any Investor.

 

8.13 Equal Treatment of Investors. No Transaction Agreement (other agreements or understandings (including side letters) entered into in connection therewith or in connection with the sale of the Securities) shall have been amended, modified or waived in any manner that benefits any Investor unless each other Investor shall have been offered in writing the same benefits (other than terms particular to the legal or regulatory requirements of such Investor or their affiliates or related Person). No consideration (including any modification of any Transaction Agreement) shall be offered or paid to any Person to amend or consent to a waiver or modification of any provision of any Transaction Agreement unless the same consideration is also offered to all of the parties to the Transaction Agreements; provided, however, the Strategic Advisor Warrants will not be considered consideration for purposes of this Section 8.13. For clarification purposes, this provision constitutes a separate right granted to each Investor by the Company and negotiated separately by each Investor, and is intended for the Company to treat the Investors as a class and shall not in any way be construed as the Investors acting in concert or as a group with respect to the purchase, disposition or voting of Shares or otherwise.

 

8.14 Headings. The titles, subtitles and headings in this Agreement are for convenience of reference and shall not form part of, or affect the interpretation of, this Agreement.

 

8.15 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more identical counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party; provided that a facsimile or pdf signature including any electronic signatures complying with the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, e.g., www.docusign.com shall be considered due execution and shall be binding upon the signatory thereto with the same force and effect as if the signature were an original, not a facsimile or pdf (or other electronic reproduction of a) signature.

 

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8.16 Entire Agreement; Amendments. This Agreement and the other Transaction Agreements (including all schedules and exhibits hereto and thereto), together with any side letter agreements with any of the Investors, constitute the entire agreement between the parties hereto respecting the subject matter of this Agreement and supersedes all prior agreements, negotiations, understandings, representations and statements respecting the subject matter of this Agreement, whether written or oral. No amendment, modification, alteration, or change in any of the terms of this Agreement shall be valid or binding upon the parties hereto unless made in writing and duly executed by the Company and the Investors of at least a majority in interest of the Securities then held by the Investors, provided that (i) prior to the Closing the consent of all Investors shall be required and (ii) if any amendment, modification or waiver disproportionately and adversely impacts an Investor (or group of Investors), the consent of at least seventy five percent (75%) in interest of such disproportionately impacted Investor (or group of Investors) shall also be required. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Agreement may not be amended and the observance of any term of this Agreement may not be waived with respect to any Investor without the written consent of such Investor unless such amendment or waiver applies to all Investors in the same fashion. The Company, on the one hand, and each Investor, on the other hand, may by an instrument signed in writing by such parties waive the performance, compliance or satisfaction by such Investor or the Company, respectively, with any term or provision of this Agreement or any condition hereto to be performed, complied with or satisfied by such Investor or the Company, respectively. Notwithstanding the foregoing or anything else herein to the contrary, no amendment, modification, alteration, change or waiver of this Section 8.15 shall be valid without the prior written consent of the Placement Agent, which consent may be granted or withheld in the sole discretion of the Placement Agent.

 

8.17 Survival. The covenants, representations and warranties made by each party hereto contained in this Agreement shall survive the Closing and the delivery of the Securities in accordance with their respective terms. Each Investor shall be responsible only for its own representations, warranties, agreements and covenants hereunder.

 

8.18 Contract Interpretation. This Agreement is the joint product of each Investor and the Company, and each provision of this Agreement has been subject to the mutual consultation, negotiation and agreement of such parties and shall not be construed for or against any party hereto.

 

8.19 Arm’s Length Negotiations. For the avoidance of doubt, the parties acknowledge and confirm that the terms and conditions of the Securities were determined as a result of arm’s-length negotiations.

 

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank.]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

  COMPANY:
     
 

180 LIFE SCIENCES CORP.

     
  By:                                                   
    Name:
    Title:

 

 

 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

  INVESTOR:
   
  [NAME]
   
  By:  
   
  Name:  
   
  Title:                    
   
  Address:
  [●]
  Email: [●]

 

 

 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

  INVESTOR:
   
  [NAME]
   
  By:  
   
  Name:  
   
  Title:                    
   
  Address:
  [●]
  Email: [●]

 

 

 

 

EXHIBIT A

INVESTORS

 

Investor Name  Initial
Shares
   Share
Purchase
Price
   Shares
Underlying
Pre-Funded
Warrants
   Pre-Funded
Warrant
Purchase
Price
   Aggregate
Purchase
Price
   ETH
Amount
 
[Name]   [●]  $[●]   [●]  $[●]  $[●]   [●]
[Name]
   [●]  $[●]   [●]  $[●]  $[●]   [●]
[Name]   [●]  $[●]   [●]  $[●]  $[●]   [●]
TOTAL:   [●]  $[●]   [●]  $[●]  $[●]   [●]

 

A-1

 

 

EXHIBIT B

 

FORM OF PRE-FUNDED WARRANT

 

B-1

 

 

EXHIBIT C

 

REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT

 

C-1

 

 

EXHIBIT D

 

FORM OF LOCK-UP AGREEMENT
 

D-1

 

Exhibit 10.2

 

REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT

 

THIS REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”), dated as of July 29, 2025, is entered into by and among 180 Life Science Corp., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the several investors signatory hereto (individually as an “Investor” and collectively together with their respective permitted assigns, the “Investors”). Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein shall have the respective meanings set forth in the Securities Purchase Agreement by and among the parties hereto, dated as of the date hereof (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Purchase Agreement”).

 

WHEREAS:

 

A. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the Purchase Agreement, the Company has agreed to issue to the Investors, and the Investors have agreed to purchase, severally and not jointly, an aggregate of up to $[425,000,000] of (x) shares (the “Initial Shares”) of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”), and/or (y) pre-funded warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”), in each case, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement or in a separate private placement permitted under the terms of the Purchase Agreement. The Initial Shares, the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants, the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Strategic Advisor Warrants (as defined below), without giving effect to any limitations on exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants or the Strategic Advisor Warrants, and assuming all of the Pre-Funded Warrants and Strategic Advisor Warrants are exercised for cash, are collectively referred to herein as the “Shares.”

 

B. To induce the Investors to enter into the Purchase Agreement, the Company has agreed to provide certain registration rights under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder, or any similar successor statute (collectively, the “Securities Act”), and applicable state securities laws.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the promises and the mutual covenants contained herein and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Investors hereby agree as follows:

 

1. DEFINITIONS.

 

For purposes of this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

 

(a) “Person” means an individual, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, business trust, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated association, joint venture or any other entity or organization.

 

(b) “Prospectus” means (i) the prospectus included in any Registration Statement, as amended or supplemented by any prospectus supplement, with respect to the terms of the offering of any portion of the Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement and by all other amendments and supplements to the prospectus, including post-effective amendments and all material incorporated by reference in such prospectus, and (ii) any “free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act, relating to the terms of the offering of any portion of the Registrable Securities.

 

(c) “Register,” “Registered,” and “Registration” refer to a registration effected by preparing and filing one or more registration statements of the Company in compliance with the Securities Act and providing for offering securities on a continuous basis, and the declaration or ordering of effectiveness of such registration statement(s) by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).

 

 

 

(d) “Registrable Securities” means the Shares, including any shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants or Strategic Advisor Warrants, and any Common Stock issued or issuable with respect to the Shares as a result of any stock split or subdivision, stock dividend, recapitalization, exchange or similar event. Registrable Securities shall cease to be Registrable Securities when (a) they are sold pursuant to an effective Registration Statement under the Securities Act, (b) they are sold pursuant to Rule 144 or Rule 145 (or any similar provision then in force under the Securities Act), (c) they may be sold pursuant to Rule 144 without restriction on the volume or manner of sale and without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information requirement under Rule 144 (or any similar provision then in force under the Securities Act), and the removal of any legend restricting transfer under the Securities Act from such shares of Common Stock shall have been validly recorded in book-entry form with such book-entry position not subject to restrictions on transfer, (d) they shall have ceased to be outstanding, or (e) they have been sold in a private transaction in which the transferor’s rights under this Agreement are not assigned to the transferee of the securities.

 

(e) “Registration Expenses” means all registration and filing fee expenses incurred by the Company in effecting any registration pursuant to this Agreement, including (i) all registration, qualification, and filing fees, printing expenses, and any other fees and expenses associated with filings required to be made with the SEC, FINRA or any other regulatory authority, (ii) all fees and expenses in connection with compliance with or clearing the Registrable Securities for sale under any securities or “Blue Sky” laws, (iii) all printing, duplicating, word processing, messenger, telephone, facsimile and delivery expenses, and (iv) all fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company and of all independent certified public accountants of the Company (including the expenses of any special audit and cold comfort letters required by or incident to such performance).

 

(f) “Registration Statement” means any registration statement of the Company filed with, or to be filed with, the SEC under the Securities Act, that Registers Registrable Securities, including the related Prospectus, amendments and supplements to such registration statement, including pre- and post-effective amendments, and all exhibits and all material incorporated by reference in such registration statement as may be necessary to comply with applicable securities laws. “Registration Statement” shall also include a New Registration Statement, as amended when each became effective, including all documents filed as part thereof or incorporated by reference therein, and including any information contained in a Prospectus subsequently filed with the SEC.

 

(g) “Required Investors” means the Investors holding a majority of the Registrable Securities outstanding from time to time.

 

(h) “Selling Expenses” means all underwriting discounts and selling commissions applicable to the sale of Registrable Securities and all similar fees and commissions relating to the Investors’ disposition of the Registrable Securities.

 

(i) “Strategic Advisor Agreements” means the Strategic Advisor Agreements, dated as of July 29, 2025, between the Company, on one hand, and each of the Strategic Advisors, on the other hand.

 

(j) “Strategic Advisor Warrants” means the warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock issued to the Strategic Advisors (or affiliates thereof) pursuant to the Strategic Advisor Agreements.

 

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(k) “Strategic Advisors” means Pink Sands Group, LLC, Cyber, Moode LLC, Moon Cat, LLC, Zorba Investments LLC, Purple Poseidon LLC, Tentacle Holdings LLC, PCAO LLC, Johnny Foxtrot LLC and New Island Advisors LLC.

 

2. REGISTRATION.

 

(a) Mandatory Registration. The Company shall use reasonable best efforts to, as promptly as reasonably practicable and in any event no later than thirty (30) calendar days after the Closing Date (the “Filing Deadline”), prepare and file with the SEC an initial Registration Statement (the “Initial Registration Statement”) covering the resale of all Registrable Securities; provided, that the Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to effect such filing within fifteen (15) calendar days after the Closing Date. Before filing the Registration Statement, the Company shall furnish to the Investors a copy of the Registration Statement. The Investors and their counsel shall have at least three Business Days prior to the anticipated filing date of a Registration Statement to review and comment upon such Registration Statement and any amendment or supplement to such Registration Statement and any related Prospectus, prior to its filing with the SEC. Subject to any SEC comments, such Registration Statement shall include the plan of distribution substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A. Such Registration Statement also shall cover, to the extent allowable under the Securities Act and the rules promulgated thereunder (including Rule 416), such indeterminate number of additional shares of Common Stock resulting from stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions with respect to the Registrable Securities. Such Registration Statement shall not include any shares of Common Stock or other securities for the account of any other holder of securities of the Company without the prior written consent of the Required Investors. The Company shall not file any Registration Statement or Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto containing information regarding the Investor to which Investor reasonably objects, unless such information is required to comply with any applicable law, rule (including any stock exchange rule) or regulation. The Investors shall furnish all information reasonably requested by the Company in connection with any registration referred to in this Agreement.

 

(b) Effectiveness. The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to have the Initial Registration Statement and any amendment declared effective by the SEC at the earliest possible date but no later than the earlier of (a) the 60th calendar day following the Closing Date if the SEC notifies the Company that it will “review” the Initial Registration Statement (which shall be extended by 15 calendar days if the SEC shall issue more than one comment letter) and (b) the fifth Business Day after the date the Company is notified (orally or in writing, whichever is earlier) by the SEC that the Initial Registration Statement will not be “reviewed” or will not be subject to further review (the “Effectiveness Deadline”). The Company shall notify the Investor by e-mail as promptly as practicable, and in any event, within 24 hours, after the Registration Statement is declared effective or is supplemented and shall provide the Investor with copies of any Prospectus to be used in connection with the sale or other disposition of the securities covered thereby. The Company shall use reasonable best efforts to keep the Initial Registration Statement continuously effective pursuant to Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act and available for the resale by an Investor of all of the Registrable Securities covered thereby at all times until the earliest to occur of the following events: (i) the date on which such Investor shall have resold all the Registrable Securities covered thereby; and (ii) the date on which the Registrable Securities may be resold by such Investor without registration and without regard to any volume, holding period or manner-of-sale limitations by reason of Rule 144, without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information requirement under Rule 144 under the Securities Act or any other rule of similar effect (the “Registration Period”). The Initial Registration Statement (including any amendments or supplements thereto and prospectuses contained therein) shall not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein, or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading.

 

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(c) Sufficient Number of Shares Registered. In the event the number of shares available under the Initial Registration Statement at any time is insufficient to cover the Registrable Securities, the Company shall, to the extent necessary and permissible, amend the Initial Registration Statement or file a new registration statement (together with any prospectuses or prospectus supplements thereunder, a “New Registration Statement”), so as to cover all of such Registrable Securities as soon as reasonably practicable, but in any event not later than ten Business Days after the necessity therefor arises (the “New Registration Filing Deadline”). The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to have such amendment and/or New Registration Statement become effective as soon as reasonably practicable following the filing thereof but no later than the earlier of the 60th calendar day following the initial filing date of the New Registration Statement if the SEC notifies the Company that it will “review” the New Registration Statement and (b) the fifth Business Day after the date the Company is notified (orally or in writing, whichever is earlier) by the SEC that the New Registration Statement will not be “reviewed” or will not be subject to further review (the earlier of such dates, the “New Registration Effectiveness Deadline”). The provisions of Section 2(a) and (b) shall apply to the New Registration Statement, except as modified hereby.  

 

(d) Liquidated Damages. If (i) the Initial Registration Statement has not been filed by the Filing Deadline, (if the Company files the Initial Registration Statement without affording the Investors the opportunity to review and comment on the same as required by Section 2(a) herein or the Company subsequently withdraws the filing of the Registration Statement, for reasons other than at the request of the Investors of a majority-in-interest of the Registrable Securities to withdraw the Registration Statement, the Company shall be deemed to have not satisfied this clause (i) as of the Filing Deadline), (ii) if applicable, the Company fails to file with the SEC a request for acceleration of a Registration Statement in accordance with Rule 461 promulgated by the SEC pursuant to the Securities Act, within three (3) five (5) Business Days of the date that the Company is notified (orally or in writing, whichever is earlier) by the SEC that such Registration Statement will not be “reviewed” or will not be subject to further review, (iii) prior to the effective date of a Registration Statement, the Company fails to file a pre-effective amendment and otherwise respond in writing to comments made by the SEC in respect of such Registration Statement within ten (10) Business Days after the receipt of comments by or notice from the SEC that such amendment is required in order for such Registration Statement to be declared effective, (iv) the Initial Registration Statement has not been declared effective by the Effectiveness Deadline, or (v) after any Registration Statement has been declared effective by the SEC, sales cannot be made pursuant to such Registration Statement for any reason (including without limitation by reason of a stop order, or the Company’s failure to update such Registration Statement), but excluding any Allowed Delay (as defined below) or, if the Registration Statement is on Form S-1, for a period of 15 Business Days following the date on which the Company files a post-effective amendment to incorporate the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (a “Maintenance Failure”), then the Company will make pro rata payments to each Investor then holding Registrable Securities, as liquidated damages and not as a penalty, in an amount equal to 1.0% of the aggregate amount paid pursuant to the Purchase Agreement by such Investor for such Registrable Securities then held by such Investor for each 30-day period or pro rata for any portion thereof during which the failure continues (the “Blackout Period”), provided that no liquidated damages shall be payable if and to the extent to, despite best efforts by the Company to avoid a breach hereof, the Company’s failure was caused by a government shutdown resulting in the SEC’s inability to review or declare effective the Registration Statement. Such payments shall constitute the Investors’ exclusive monetary remedy for such events, but shall not affect the right of the Investors to seek injunctive relief. The amounts payable as liquidated damages pursuant to this paragraph shall be paid in cash no later than five Business Days after each such 30-day period following the commencement of the Blackout Period until the termination of the Blackout Period (the “Blackout Period Payment Date”). Interest shall accrue at the rate of 1.0% per month on any such liquidated damages payments that shall not be paid by the Blackout Period Payment Date until such amount is paid in full. Notwithstanding the above, in no event shall the aggregate amount of liquidated damages (or interest thereon) paid under this Agreement to any Investor exceed, in the aggregate, ten percent (10.0%) of the aggregate purchase price of the Shares purchased by such Investor under the Purchase Agreement. Notwithstanding anything in this Section 2(d) to the contrary, during any periods that the Company is unable to meet its obligations hereunder with respect to the registration of the Registrable Securities because any Investor fails to furnish information required to be provided pursuant to Section 2(a) or Section 4(a) within two (2) Business Days of the Company’s request, any liquidated damages that would otherwise accrue as to such Investor only shall be tolled until such information is delivered to the Company.

 

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(e) Allowable Delays. On no more than two occasions and for not more than 30 consecutive days, or otherwise for a total of not more than 60 days (which need not be consecutive calendar days), in each case in any 12 month period, the Company may delay the effectiveness of the Initial Registration Statement or any other Registration Statement, or suspend the use of any Prospectus, in the event that the Company or Board of Directors, in its sole discretion, determines, in good faith and upon advice of legal counsel, that such delay or suspension is necessary to (A) delay the disclosure of material non-public information concerning the Company, the disclosure of which at the time is not, in the good faith opinion of the Company, in the best interests of the Company or (B) amend or supplement the affected Registration Statement or the related Prospectus so that such Registration Statement or Prospectus shall not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the case of the Prospectus in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading (an “Allowed Delay”); provided, that the Company shall promptly (a) notify each Investor in writing of the commencement of an Allowed Delay, but shall not (without the prior written consent of an Investor) disclose to such Investor any material non-public information giving rise to an Allowed Delay, (b) advise the Investors in writing to cease all sales under the applicable Registration Statement until the end of the Allowed Delay and (c) use commercially reasonable efforts to terminate an Allowed Delay as promptly as practicable.

 

(f) Rule 415; Cutback. If at any time the SEC takes the position that the offering of some or all of the Registrable Securities in any Registration Statement is not eligible to be made on a delayed or continuous basis under the provisions of Rule 415 under the Securities Act (provided, however, the Company shall be obligated to use commercially reasonable efforts to advocate with the SEC for the registration of all of the Registrable Securities) or requires any Investor to be named as an “underwriter,” the Company shall (i) promptly notify each holder of Registrable Securities thereof and (ii) make commercially reasonable efforts to persuade the SEC that the offering contemplated by such Registration Statement is a valid secondary offering and not an offering “by or on behalf of the issuer” as defined in Rule 415, or a “disguised primary offering,” and that none of the Investors is an “underwriter.” In the event that, despite the Company’s compliance with the terms of this Section 2(f), the SEC refuses to alter its position, the Company shall (i) remove from such Registration Statement such portion of the Registrable Securities (the “Cut Back Shares”) and/or (ii) agree to such restrictions and limitations on the registration and resale of the Registrable Securities as the SEC may require to assure the Company’s compliance with the requirements of Rule 415 (collectively, the “SEC Restrictions”); provided, however, that the Company shall in no event name any Investor as an “underwriter” in such Registration Statement without the prior written consent of such Investor (provided that, in the event an Investor withholds such consent, the Company shall have no obligation hereunder to include any Registrable Securities of such Investor in any Registration Statement covering the resale thereof until such time as the SEC no longer requires such Investor to be named as an “underwriter” in such Registration Statement or such Investor otherwise consents in writing to being so named). Any cut-back imposed on the Investors pursuant to this Section 2(f) shall be allocated among the Investors on a pro rata basis and shall be applied first to any of the Registrable Securities of such Investor as such Investor shall designate, unless the SEC Restrictions otherwise require or provide or the Investors otherwise agree. No liquidated damages shall accrue as to any Cut Back Shares until such date as the Company is able to effect the registration of such Cut Back Shares in accordance with any SEC Restrictions applicable to such Cut Back Shares (such date, the “Restriction Termination Date”). From and after the Restriction Termination Date applicable to any Cut Back Shares, all of the provisions of this Section 2 (including the Company’s obligations with respect to the filing of a Registration Statement and its obligations to use reasonable efforts to have such Registration Statement declared effective within the time periods set forth herein and the liquidated damages provisions relating thereto) shall again be applicable to such Cut Back Shares; provided, however, that the date by which the Company is required to file the Registration Statement with respect to such Cut Back Shares shall be the tenth day following the Restriction Termination Date and the date by which the Company is required to have the Registration Statement effective with respect to such Cut Back Shares shall be the 55th day immediately after the Restriction Termination Date.

 

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(g) Piggyback Registrations. If there is no effective Registration Statement covering all of the Registrable Securities, the Company shall notify the Investor in writing at least ten days prior to the filing or confidential submission of any registration statement under the Securities Act for purposes of a public offering of securities of the Company (including, but not limited to, any primary or secondary offerings of securities of the Company, but excluding (i) a registration statement solely relating to any employee benefit plan or (ii) with respect to any corporate reorganization or transaction under Rule 145 of the Securities Act, any registration statements solely related to the issuance or resale of securities issued in such a transaction (together, the “Special Registration Statements”)) and will afford the Investor an opportunity to include in such registration statement all or a portion of (at the discretion of the Investor) such Registrable Securities held by the Investor. If the Investor desires to include in any such registration statement all or any part of the Registrable Securities held by it, it shall, within five (5) Business Days after the above-described notice from the Company, so notify the Company in writing. If the Investor decides not to include any or all of its Registrable Securities in any registration statement thereafter filed by the Company, the Investor shall nevertheless continue to have the right to include any Registrable Securities in any subsequent registration statements or other offering document as may be filed by the Company with respect to offerings of its securities, all upon the terms and conditions set forth herein.

 

3.RELATED COMPANY OBLIGATIONS.

 

With respect to the Registration Statement and whenever any Registrable Securities are to be Registered pursuant to Section 2, including on the Initial Registration Statement or on any New Registration Statement, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to effect the registration of the Registrable Securities in accordance with the intended method of disposition thereof and, pursuant thereto, the Company shall have the following obligations:

 

(a) Notifications. The Company will promptly notify the Investors promptly of the time when any subsequent amendment to the Initial Registration Statement or any New Registration Statement, other than documents incorporated by reference, has been filed with the SEC and/or has become effective or where a receipt has been issued therefor or any subsequent supplement to a Prospectus has been filed and of any request by the SEC for any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement, any New Registration Statement or any Prospectus or for additional information.

 

(b) Amendments. The Company will prepare and file with the SEC any amendments, post-effective amendments or supplements to the Initial Registration Statement, any New Registration Statement or any Prospectus, as applicable, that, (a) as may be necessary to keep such Registration Statement effective for the Registration Period and to comply with the provisions of the Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) with respect to the distribution of all of the Registrable Securities covered thereby, or (b) in the reasonable opinion of the Investors and the Company, as may be necessary or advisable in connection with any acquisition or sale of Registrable Securities by the Investors.

 

(c) Investor Review. The Company will not file any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement, any New Registration Statement or any Prospectus, other than documents incorporated by reference, relating to the Investors, the Registrable Securities or the transactions contemplated hereby unless (A) the Investors and their counsel shall have been advised and afforded the opportunity to review and comment thereon at least three (3) Business Days prior to filing with the SEC (except that such deadline shall be reduced such that the Investors and their counsel shall have at least one (1) Business Day to review prior to the filing with the SEC in the case of the final Prospectus under each Registration Statement) and (B) the Company shall have given reasonable due consideration to any comments thereon received from the Investors or their counsel.

 

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(d) Copies Available. The Company will furnish to any Investor whose Registrable Securities are included in any Registration Statement and its counsel copies of the Initial Registration Statement, any Prospectus thereunder (including all documents incorporated by reference therein), any Prospectus supplement thereunder, any New Registration Statement and all amendments to the Initial Registration Statement or any New Registration Statement that are filed with the SEC during the Registration Period (including all documents filed with or furnished to the SEC during such period that are deemed to be incorporated by reference therein), each letter written by or on behalf of the Company to the SEC or the staff of the SEC, and each item of correspondence from the SEC or the staff of the SEC, in each case relating to such Registration Statement (other than any portion thereof which contains information for which the Company has sought confidential treatment) and such other documents as Investor may reasonably request in order to facilitate the disposition of the Registrable Securities owned by Investor that are covered by such Registration Statement, in each case as soon as reasonably practicable upon such Investor’s request and in such quantities as such Investor may from time to time reasonably request; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to furnish any document to the Investor to the extent such document is available on EDGAR.

 

(e) Notification of Stop Orders; Material Changes. The Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to (i) prevent the issuance of any stop order or other suspension of effectiveness and, (ii) if such order is issued, obtain the withdrawal of any such order as soon as practicable. The Company shall advise the Investors promptly (but in no event later than 24 hours) and shall confirm such advice in writing, in each case: (i) of the Company’s receipt of notice of any request by the SEC or any other federal or state governmental authority for amendment of or a supplement to the Registration Statement or any Prospectus or for any additional information; (ii) of the Company’s receipt of notice of the issuance by the SEC or any other federal or state governmental authority of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Initial Registration Statement or prohibiting or suspending the use of any Prospectus or Prospectus supplement, or any New Registration Statement, or of the Company’s receipt of any notification of the suspension of qualification of the Registrable Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or contemplated initiation of any proceeding for such purpose; and (iii) of the Company becoming aware of the happening of any event, which makes any statement of a material fact made in any Registration Statement or any Prospectus untrue or which requires the making of any additions to or changes to the statements then made in any Registration Statement or any Prospectus in order to state a material fact required by the Securities Act to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements then made therein (in the case of any Prospectus, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, or of the necessity to amend any Registration Statement or any Prospectus to comply with the Securities Act or any other law. The Company shall not be required to disclose to the Investors the substance of specific reasons of any of the events set forth in clause (i) to (iii) of the immediately preceding sentence (each, a “Suspension Event”), but rather, shall only be required to disclose that the event has occurred. If at any time the SEC, or any other federal or state governmental authority shall issue any stop order suspending the effectiveness of any Registration Statement or prohibiting or suspending the use of any Prospectus or Prospectus supplement, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to obtain the withdrawal of such order at the earliest practicable time. The Company shall furnish to the Investors, without charge, a copy of any correspondence from the SEC or the staff of the SEC, or any other federal or state governmental authority to the Company or its representatives relating to the Initial Registration Statement, any New Registration Statement or any Prospectus, or Prospectus supplement as the case may be. In the event of a Suspension Event set forth in clause (iii) of the second sentence of this Section 3(e), the Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to publicly disclose such event as soon as practicable, or otherwise resolve the matter such that sales under Registration Statements may resume; provided, however, that if the Company has a bona fide business purpose for not making such information public, the Company may suspend the use of all Registration Statements for up to 30 consecutive calendar days; provided, further, that the Company may not suspend the use of all Registration Statements more than twice, or for more than 60 total calendar days, in each case during any twelve-month period.

 

7

 

 

(f) Confirmation of Effectiveness. If reasonably requested by an Investor at any time in respect of any Registration Statement, the Company shall deliver to such Investor a written confirmation (email being sufficient) from Company’s counsel of whether or not the effectiveness of such Registration Statement has lapsed at any time for any reason (including, without limitation, the issuance of a stop order) and whether or not such Registration Statement is currently effective and available to the Company for sale of Registrable Securities.  

 

(g) Listing. The Company shall use best efforts to cause all Registrable Securities covered by a Registration Statement to be listed on Nasdaq or another National Exchange (as such terms are defined in the Purchase Agreement).

 

(h) Compliance. The Company shall otherwise use best efforts to comply with all applicable rules and regulations of the SEC under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including, without limitation, Rule 172 under the Securities Act, file any final prospectus, including any supplement or amendment thereof, with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act, promptly inform the Investor in writing if, at any time during the Registration Period, the Company does not satisfy the conditions specified in Rule 172 and, as a result thereof, the Investor is required to deliver a prospectus in connection with any disposition of Registrable Securities and take such other actions as may be reasonably necessary to facilitate the registration of the Registrable Securities hereunder, and make available to its security holders, as soon as reasonably practicable, but not later than the Availability Date (as defined below), an earnings statement covering a period of at least 12 months, beginning after the effective date of each Registration Statement, which earnings statement shall satisfy the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act, including Rule 158 promulgated thereunder (for the purpose of this subsection 3(h), “Availability Date” means the 45th day following the end of the fourth fiscal quarter that includes the effective date of such Registration Statement, except that, if such fourth fiscal quarter is the last quarter of the Company’s fiscal year, “Availability Date” means the 90th day after the end of such fourth fiscal quarter).

 

(i) Blue-Sky. The Company shall register or qualify or cooperate with the Investor and their counsel in connection with the registration or qualification of such Registrable Securities for the offer and sale under the securities or blue sky laws of such jurisdictions reasonably requested by the Investor; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required in connection therewith or as a condition thereto to (i) qualify to do business in any jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to qualify but for this Section 3(i), (ii) subject itself to general taxation in any jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be so subject but for this Section 3(i), or (iii) file a general consent to service of process in any such jurisdiction.

 

(j) Rule 144. With a view to making available to the Investors the benefits of Rule 144 (or its successor rule) and any other rule or regulation of the SEC that may at any time permit the Investors to sell shares of Common Stock to the public without registration, the Company covenants and agrees to: (i) make and keep adequate current public information available, as those terms are understood and defined in Rule 144, until the earlier of (A) six months after such date as all of the Registrable Securities may be sold without restriction by the holders thereof pursuant to Rule 144 or any other rule of similar effect or (B) such date as there are no longer Registrable Securities; and (ii) file with the SEC in a timely manner all reports and other documents required of the Company under the Exchange Act; (iii) furnish electronically to each Investor upon request, as long as such Investor owns any Registrable Securities, (A) a written statement by the Company that it has complied with the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, (B) a copy of or electronic access to the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K or Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and (C) such other information as may be reasonably requested in order to avail such Investor of any rule or regulation of the SEC that permits the selling of any such Registrable Securities without registration.

 

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(k) Cooperation. The Company shall cooperate with the holders of the Registrable Securities to facilitate the timely preparation and delivery of certificates or uncertificated shares representing the Registrable Securities upon sale pursuant to such Registration Statement or Rule 144 free of any restrictive legends and representing such number of shares of Common Stock and registered in such names as the holders of the Registrable Securities may reasonably request to the extent permitted by such Registration Statement or Rule 144 to effect sales of Registrable Securities; for the avoidance of doubt, the Company may satisfy its obligations hereunder without issuing physical stock certificates through the use of The Depository Trust Company’s Direct Registration System.

 

(l) Use of Prospectus, etc. Subject to the terms of this Agreement, the Company hereby consents to the use of such Prospectus and each amendment or supplement thereto by each of the Investors in connection with the offering and sale of the Registrable Securities covered by such Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto, except after the giving of any notice pursuant to Section 3(e).

 

(m) MNPI. From and after the date hereof, the Company shall not, and shall cause each of its Affiliates, representatives and agents to not, provide any Investor or any Investor’s Affiliates, representatives or agents, with any material nonpublic information regarding the Company, any of its Affiliates or any other Person (“MNPI”) without the express prior written consent of such Holder. The Company hereby acknowledges and agrees that neither any Investor nor any of their respective Affiliates shall have any duty of trust or confidence with respect to, or duty not to trade on the basis of, any MNPI (i) provided by, or on behalf of, the Company, any of its Affiliates or any of their respective officers, directors, employees, attorneys, agents or representatives or (ii) otherwise possessed (or continued to be possessed) by any Investor (or any Affiliate, agent or representative thereof) as a result of any breach or violation of any of the covenants set forth in this Agreement. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, in the event that the Company believes that a notice or communication to any Investor or any Investor’s Affiliates, attorneys, agents or representatives contains MNPI, the Company shall, prior to the delivery of such notice or communication, (i) so indicate to such Investor, and such indication shall provide such Investor the means to refuse to receive such notice or communication, and in the absence of any such indication, such Investor, the other holders of the Registrable Securities and their respective Affiliates, agents and representatives shall be allowed to presume that all matters relating to such notice or communication do not constitute MNPI.

 

4. OBLIGATIONS OF THE INVESTORS.

 

(a) Investor Information. Each Investor shall provide a completed Investor Questionnaire in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B in connection with the registration of the Registrable Securities. If the Company has not received such completed Questionnaire from an Investor within three business days of the Company’s request, the Company may file the Registration Statement without including such Investor’s Registrable Securities.

 

(b) Suspension of Sales. Each Investor, severally and not jointly with any other Investor, agrees that, upon receipt of any notice from the Company of the existence of an Allowed Delay or a Suspension Event as set forth in Section 3(e), the Investor will promptly discontinue disposition of Registrable Securities pursuant to any Registration Statement covering such Registrable Securities until the Investor’s receipt of a notice from the Company confirming the resolution of such Allowed Delay or Suspension Event and that such dispositions may again be made; provided, for the avoidance of doubt, that the foregoing shall not limit the right of the Investor to sell or otherwise dispose of the Registrable Securities pursuant to Rule 144 or any other exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act or to settle a transaction pursuant to a Registration Statement as to which a contract for such sale was entered into prior to such Investor’s receipt of the notice from the Company of the existence of the Allowed Delay or Suspension Event. The Company shall cause its transfer agent to deliver unlegended shares of Common Stock to a transferee of an Investor in accordance with any sale of Registrable Securities pursuant to a Registration Statement with respect to which such Investor has entered into a contract for sale prior to such Investor’s receipt of the notice from the Company of the existence of the Allowed Delay or Suspension Event.

 

(c) Investor Cooperation. Each Investor, severally and not jointly with any other Investor, agrees to cooperate with the Company as reasonably requested by the Company in connection with the preparation and filing of any amendments and supplements to any Registration Statement or New Registration Statement hereunder, unless such Investor has notified the Company in writing of its election to exclude all of its Registrable Securities from such Registration Statement.

 

5. EXPENSES OF REGISTRATION.

 

All Registration Expenses incurred in connection with registrations pursuant to this Agreement shall be borne by the Company. All Selling Expenses relating to securities registered on behalf of the Investors shall be borne by the Investors pro rata on the basis of the number of Registrable Securities so registered.

 

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6. INDEMNIFICATION.

 

(a) To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Company will, and hereby does, indemnify, hold harmless and defend each Investor, each Person, if any, who controls such Investor, the members, the directors, officers, partners, employees, members, managers, agents, representatives and advisors of such Investor and each Person, if any, who controls such Investor within the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act (each, an “Indemnified Person”), against any losses, obligation, claims, damages, liabilities, contingencies, judgments, fines, penalties, charges, costs (including, without limitation, court costs and costs of preparation), reasonable and documented attorneys’ fees, amounts paid in settlement or reasonable and documented expenses, (collectively, “Claims”) reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing, defending or participating in (as a witness or otherwise the subject of) any action, claim, suit, inquiry, proceeding, investigation or appeal taken from the foregoing by or before any court or governmental, administrative or other regulatory agency or body or the SEC, whether pending or threatened, whether or not an indemnified party is or may be a party thereto (“Indemnified Damages”), to which any of them may become subject insofar as such Claims (or actions or proceedings, whether commenced or threatened, in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon: (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission of any material fact contained in any Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus or final prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereof, or (ii) any violation or alleged violation by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of the Securities Act, Exchange Act or any other state securities or other “blue sky” laws of any jurisdiction in which Registrable Securities are offered or any rule or regulation promulgated thereunder applicable to the Company or its agents and relating to action or inaction required of the Company in connection with such registration of the Registrable Securities (the matters in the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii) being, collectively, “Violations”). The Company shall reimburse each Indemnified Person promptly as such expenses are incurred and are due and payable, for any reasonable out-of-pocket legal fees or other reasonable and documented expenses incurred by them in connection with investigating or defending any such Claim. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the indemnification agreement contained in this Section 6(a): (A) shall not apply to a Claim by an Indemnified Person arising out of or based upon a Violation which occurs in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by such Investor or such Indemnified Person specifically for use in such Registration Statement or prospectus and was reviewed and approved in writing by such Investor or such Indemnified Person expressly for use in connection with the preparation of any Registration Statement, any prospectus or any such amendment thereof or supplement thereto, if such in each case if the foregoing was timely made available by the Company; (B) with respect to any superseded prospectus, shall not inure to the benefit of any such Person from whom the Person asserting any such Claim purchased the Registrable Securities that are the subject thereof (or to the benefit of any other Indemnified Person) if the untrue statement or omission of material fact contained in the superseded prospectus was corrected in the revised prospectus, as then amended or supplemented, and the Indemnified Person was promptly advised in writing not to use the outdated, defective or incorrect prospectus prior to the use giving rise to a Violation; (C) shall not apply to amounts paid in settlement of any Claim if such settlement is effected without the prior written consent of the Company, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed. Such indemnity shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the Indemnified Person and shall survive the transfer of the Registrable Securities by the Investor pursuant to Section 8; and (D) shall not apply in connection with any sale of Registrable Securities in violation of Sections 4(b) by any Investor.

 

(b) In connection with the Initial Registration Statement, any New Registration Statement or any prospectus, each Investor, severally and not jointly, agree to indemnify, hold harmless and defend, the Company, each of its directors, each of its officers who signed the Initial Registration Statement or signs any New Registration Statement, each Person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act (each, an “Indemnified Party”), against any losses, claims, damages, liabilities and expense (including reasonable attorney fees) resulting from any Violation, in each case to the extent, and only to the extent, that such Violation occurs in reliance upon and in conformity with information about such Investor furnished in writing by such Investor to the Company and reviewed and approved in writing by such Investor expressly for use in the Registration Statement, any New Registration Statement, any prospectus or any such amendment thereof or supplement thereto. In no event shall the liability of an Investor be greater in amount than the dollar amount of the proceeds (net of all expense paid by such Investor in connection with any claim relating to this Section 6 and the amount of any damages such Investor has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue statement or omission) received by such Investor upon the sale of the Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement giving rise to such indemnification obligation. Such indemnity shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of such Indemnified Party and shall survive the transfer of the Registrable Securities by any Investor pursuant to Section 8.

 

10

 

 

(c) Promptly after receipt by an Indemnified Person or Indemnified Party under this Section 6 of notice of the commencement of any action or proceeding (including any governmental action or proceeding) involving a Claim, such Indemnified Person or Indemnified Party shall, if a Claim in respect thereof is to be made against any indemnifying party under this Section 6, deliver to the indemnifying party a written notice of the commencement thereof, and the indemnifying party shall have the right to participate in, and, to the extent the indemnifying party so desires, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly noticed, to assume control of the defense thereof with counsel mutually satisfactory to the indemnifying party and the Indemnified Person or the Indemnified Party, as the case may be, and upon such notice, the indemnifying party shall not be liable to the Indemnified Person or the Indemnified Party for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by the Indemnified Person or the Indemnified Party in connection with the defense thereof; provided, however, that an Indemnified Person or Indemnified Party (together with all other Indemnified Persons and Indemnified Parties that may be represented without conflict by one counsel) shall have the right to retain its own counsel with the reasonable fees and expenses to be paid by the indemnifying party, if, in the reasonable opinion of counsel retained by the indemnifying party, the representation by such counsel of the Indemnified Person or Indemnified Party and the indemnifying party would be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between such Indemnified Person or Indemnified Party and any other party represented by such counsel in such proceeding. The Indemnified Party or Indemnified Person shall cooperate with the indemnifying party in connection with any negotiation or defense of any such action or claim by the indemnifying party and shall furnish to the indemnifying party all information reasonably available to the Indemnified Party or Indemnified Person which relates to such action or claim. The indemnifying party shall keep the Indemnified Party or Indemnified Person fully apprised as to the status of the defense or any settlement negotiations with respect thereto. No indemnifying party shall be liable for any settlement of any action, claim or proceeding effected without its written consent, provided, however, that the indemnifying party shall not unreasonably withhold, delay or condition its consent. No indemnifying party shall, without the consent of the Indemnified Party or Indemnified Person, consent to entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement or other compromise unless such judgment or settlement (i) imposes no liability or obligation on, (ii) includes as an unconditional term thereof the giving of a complete, explicit and unconditional release from the party bringing such indemnified claims of all liability of the Indemnified Party or Indemnified Person in respect to or arising out of such claim or litigation in favor of, and (iii) does not include any admission of fault, culpability, wrongdoing, or wrongdoing or malfeasance by or on behalf of, the Indemnified Party or Indemnified Person. Following indemnification as provided for hereunder, the indemnifying party shall be subrogated to all rights of the Indemnified Party or Indemnified Person with respect to all third parties, firms or corporations relating to the matter for which indemnification has been made. The failure to deliver written notice to the indemnifying party within a reasonable time of the commencement of any such action shall not relieve such indemnifying party of any liability to the Indemnified Person or Indemnified Party under this Section 6, except to the extent that the indemnifying party is prejudiced in its ability to defend such action.

 

(d) The indemnification required by this Section 6 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course of the investigation or defense, as and when bills are received or Indemnified Damages are incurred. Any Person receiving a payment pursuant to this Section 6 which person is later determined to not be entitled to such payment shall return such payment (including reimbursement of expenses) to the person making it.

 

(e) The indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in addition to (i) any cause of action or similar right of the Indemnified Party or Indemnified Person against the indemnifying party or others, and (ii) any liabilities the indemnifying party may be subject to pursuant to the law.

 

11

 

 

7. CONTRIBUTION.

 

To the extent any indemnification by an indemnifying party is prohibited or limited by law, the indemnifying party agrees to make the maximum contribution with respect to any amounts for which it would otherwise be liable under Section 6 to the fullest extent permitted by law or otherwise in proportion to the relative fault of the indemnified party and the indemnifying party as well as other equitable considerations; provided, however, that: (i) no seller of Registrable Securities guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any seller of Registrable Securities who was not guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation; and (ii) contribution by any seller of Registrable Securities shall be limited in amount to the net amount of proceeds (net of all expenses paid by such holder in connection with any claim relating to this Section 7 and the amount of any damages such holder has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission) received by such seller from the sale of such Registrable Securities giving rise to such contribution obligation.

 

8. ASSIGNMENT OF REGISTRATION RIGHTS.

 

The Company shall not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder (whether by operation of law or otherwise) without the prior written consent of the Required Investors; provided, however, that in any transaction, whether by merger, reorganization, restructuring, consolidation, financing or otherwise, whereby the Company is a party and in which the Registrable Securities are converted into the equity securities of another Person, from and after the effective time of such transaction, such Person shall, by virtue of such transaction, be deemed to have assumed the obligations of the Company hereunder, the term “Company” shall be deemed to refer to such Person and the term “Registrable Securities” shall be deemed to include the securities received by the Investor in connection with such transaction unless such securities are otherwise freely tradable by the Investor after giving effect to such transaction, and the prior written consent of the Required Investors shall not be required for such transaction.

 

An Investor may transfer or assign its rights hereunder, in whole or from time to time in part, to one or more Persons in connection with the transfer of not fewer than 100,000 (subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of any stock dividend, stock split, combination or other similar recapitalization) Registrable Securities (including Registrable Securities issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants or upon exercise of the Strategic Advisor Warrants) by such Investor to such Person, provided that such Investor complies with all laws applicable thereto, and the provisions of the Purchase Agreement, and provides written notice of assignment to the Company promptly after such assignment is effected, and such Person agrees in writing to be bound by all of the provisions contained herein. This Agreement and the provisions hereof shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of each of the parties and its successors and the permitted assigns of the parties.

 

The provisions of this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Investor and its successors and permitted assigns.

 

12

 

 

9. AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS.

 

The provisions of this Agreement, including the provisions of this sentence, may be amended, modified or supplemented, or waived only by a written instrument executed by (i) the Company and (ii) the Required Investors, provided that (1) any party may give a waiver as to itself, (2) any amendment, modification, supplement or waiver that disproportionately and adversely affects the rights and obligations of any Investor relative to the comparable rights and obligations of any other Investors shall require the prior written consent of such adversely affected Investor or each Investor, as applicable, and (3) any amendments to Section 6 or to the definitions of “Filing Deadline,” “Effectiveness Deadline,” or “Registration Period” shall require the written consent of each Investor. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a waiver or consent to depart from the provisions hereof with respect to a matter that relates exclusively to the rights of one or more Investors and that does not adversely directly or indirectly affect the rights of other Investors may be given by Investors holding all of the Registrable Securities to which such waiver or consent relates.

 

10.MISCELLANEOUS.

 

(a) Notices. Any notices or other communications required or permitted to be given hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to be given (a) when delivered if personally delivered to the party for whom it is intended, (b) when delivered, if sent by electronic mail during normal business hours of the recipient, and if not sent during normal business hours, then on the recipient’s next business day, (c) three days after having been sent by certified or registered mail, return-receipt requested and postage prepaid, or (d) one business day after deposit with a nationally recognized overnight courier, freight prepaid, specifying next business day delivery, with written verification of receipt:

 

i.If to the Company, addressed as follows:

 

180 Life Sciences Corp.

3000 El Camino Real, Bldg 4, Suite 200

Palo Alto, California 94306

Attention: Blair Jordan

   Eric Van Lent

Email: [email protected]

    [email protected]

 

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice):

 

Reed Smith LLP

599 Lexington Avenue, 22nd Floor

New York, New York 10022

Attention: Anne G. Peetz, Esq.

Email: [email protected]

 

The Loev Law Firm, PC

6300 West Loop South, Suite 280

Bellaire, Texas 77401

Attention: David Loev, Esq

Email: [email protected]

 

ii.If to any Investor, at its e-mail address or address set forth on its signature page to the Purchase Agreement or to such e-mail address, or address as subsequently modified by written notice given in accordance with this Section 10.

 

Any Person may change the address to which notices and communications to it are to be addressed by notification as provided for herein.

 

13

 

 

(b) Consent to Electronic Notice. Each Investor consents to the delivery of any stockholder notice pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”), as amended or superseded from time to time, by electronic mail pursuant to Section 232 of the DGCL (or any successor thereto) at the e-mail address set forth below the Investor’s name on the signature page or Exhibit A, as updated from time to time by notice to the Company. To the extent that any notice given by means of electronic mail is returned or undeliverable for any reason, the foregoing consent shall be deemed to have been revoked until a new or corrected e-mail address has been provided, and such attempted electronic notice shall be ineffective and deemed to not have been given. Each party agrees to promptly notify the other parties of any change in its e-mail address, and that failure to do so shall not affect the foregoing.

 

(c) Waiver. No waiver of any term, provision or condition of this Agreement, whether by conduct or otherwise, in any one or more instances, shall be deemed to be, or be construed as, a further or continuing waiver of any such term, provision or condition or as a waiver of any other term, provision or condition of this Agreement.

 

(d) Governing Law. The provisions of Section 8.6 of the Purchase Agreement are incorporated by reference herein mutatis mutandis.

 

(e) Headings. The titles, subtitles and headings in this Agreement are for convenience of reference and shall not form part of, or affect the interpretation of, this Agreement.

 

(f) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more identical counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party; provided that a facsimile or pdf signature including any electronic signatures complying with the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, e.g., www.docusign.com shall be considered due execution and shall be binding upon the signatory thereto with the same force and effect as if the signature were an original, not a facsimile or pdf (or other electronic reproduction of a) signature.

 

(g) Further Assurances. Each party shall do and perform, or cause to be done and performed, all such further acts and things, and shall execute and deliver all such other agreements, certificates, instruments and documents as the other party may reasonably request in order to carry out the intent and accomplish the purposes of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.

 

(h) Contract Interpretation. This Agreement is the joint product of each Investor and the Company and each provision hereof has been subject to the mutual consultation, negotiation and agreement of such parties and shall not be construed for or against any party hereto.

 

(i) No Third Party Beneficiaries. Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer on any Person other than the parties to this Agreement any rights, remedies, claims, benefits, obligations or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement (except as expressly set forth in Section 6 hereof), and no Person that is not a party to this Agreement (including, without limitation, any partner, member, shareholder, director, officer, employee or other beneficial owner of any party to this Agreement, in its own capacity as such or in bringing a derivative action on behalf of a party to this Agreement) shall have any standing as a third party beneficiary with respect to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby.

 

14

 

 

(j) Severability. If any part or provision of this Agreement is held unenforceable or in conflict with the applicable laws or regulations of any jurisdiction, the invalid or unenforceable part or provisions shall be replaced with a provision which accomplishes, to the extent possible, the original business purpose of such part or provision in a valid and enforceable manner, and the remainder of this Agreement shall remain binding upon the parties hereto.

 

(k) Non-Recourse. Notwithstanding anything that may be expressed or implied in this Agreement, the Company covenants, agrees and acknowledges that no recourse under this Agreement or any documents or instruments delivered in connection with this Agreement shall be had against any current or future director, officer, employee, stockholder, general or limited partner or member of the Investors or of any affiliates or assignees thereof, whether by the enforcement of any assessment or by any legal or equitable proceeding, or by virtue of any statute, regulation or other applicable law, it being expressly agreed and acknowledged that no personal liability whatsoever shall attach to, be imposed on or otherwise be incurred by any current or future director, officer, employee, stockholder, general or limited partner or member of the Investors or of any affiliates or assignees thereof, as such for any obligation of the Investors under this Agreement or any documents or instruments delivered in connection with this Agreement for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations or their creation.

 

(l) Specific Performance. In addition to any and all other remedies that may be available at law in the event of any breach of this Agreement, each Investor shall be entitled to specific performance of the agreements and obligations of the Company hereunder and to such other injunction or other equitable relief as may be granted by a court of competent jurisdiction.

 

(m) Cumulative Remedies. The remedies provided herein are cumulative and not exclusive of any remedies provided by law.

 

[Signature Page Follows]

 

15

 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Registration Rights Agreement to be duly executed as of date first written above.

 

  COMPANY:
     
  180 LIFE SCIENCE CORP.
     
  By:                  
  Name:   
  Title:  

 

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

 

 

 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Registration Rights Agreement to be duly executed as of date first written above.

 

  INVESTOR:
   
  [____________________]
   
  By:                                     
  Name:   
  Title:  

 

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

 

 

 

 

Exhibit A

 

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 

The selling stockholders, which as used herein includes donees, pledgees, transferees or other successors-in-interest selling shares of common stock or interests in shares of common stock received after the date of this prospectus from a selling stockholder as a gift, pledge, partnership distribution or other transfer, may, from time to time, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any or all of their shares of common stock or interests in shares of common stock on any stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the shares are traded or in private transactions. These dispositions may be at fixed prices, at prevailing market prices at the time of sale, at prices related to the prevailing market price, at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or at negotiated prices.

 

The selling stockholders may use any one or more of the following methods when disposing of shares or interests therein:

 

distributions to members, partners, stockholders or other equityholders of the selling stockholders;

 

ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers;

 

block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the shares as agent, but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;

 

purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account;

 

an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange;

 

privately negotiated transactions;

 

short sales and settlement of short sales entered into after the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part;

 

through the writing or settlement of options or other hedging transactions, whether through an options exchange or otherwise;

 

broker-dealers may agree with the selling stockholders to sell a specified number of such shares at a stipulated price per share;

 

a combination of any such methods of sale; and

 

any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.

 

The selling stockholders may, from time to time, pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the shares of common stock owned by them and, if they default in the performance of their secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell the shares of common stock, from time to time, under this prospectus, or under an amendment to this prospectus under Rule 424(b)(3) or other applicable provision of the Securities Act, amending the list of selling stockholders to include the pledgee, transferee or other successors in interest as selling stockholders under this prospectus. The selling stockholders also may transfer the shares of common stock in other circumstances, in which case the transferees, pledgees or other successors in interest will be the selling stockholders for purposes of this prospectus.

 

A-1

 

 

In connection with the sale of our common stock or interests therein, the selling stockholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions, which may in turn engage in short sales of the common stock in the course of hedging the positions they assume. The selling stockholders may also sell shares of our common stock short and deliver these securities to close out their short positions, or loan or pledge the common stock to broker-dealers that in turn may sell these securities. The selling stockholders may also enter into option or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions or the creation of one or more derivative securities which require the delivery to such broker-dealer or other financial institution of shares offered by this prospectus, which shares such broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such transaction).

 

The aggregate proceeds to the selling stockholders from the sale of the common stock offered by them will be the purchase price of the common stock less discounts or commissions, if any. Each of the selling stockholders reserves the right to accept and, together with their agents from time to time, to reject, in whole or in part, any proposed purchase of common stock to be made directly or through agents. We will not receive any of the proceeds from this offering. Upon any exercise of the pre-funded warrants or strategic advisor warrants by payment of cash, however, we will receive the exercise price of the pre-funded warrants of strategic advisor warrants.

 

The selling stockholders also may resell all or a portion of the shares in open market transactions in reliance upon Rule 144 under the Securities Act, provided that they meet the criteria and conform to the requirements of that rule, or another available exemption from the registration requirements under the Securities Act.

 

The selling stockholders and any underwriters, broker-dealers or agents that participate in the sale of the common stock or interests therein may be “underwriters” within the meaning of Section 2(a)(11) of the Securities Act (it being understood that the selling stockholders shall not be deemed to be underwriters solely as a result of their participation in this offering). Any discounts, commissions, concessions or profit they earn on any resale of the shares may be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. Selling stockholders who are “underwriters” within the meaning of Section 2(a)(11) of the Securities Act will be subject to the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act.

 

A-2

 

 

To the extent required, the shares of our common stock to be sold, the names of the selling stockholders, the respective purchase prices and public offering prices, the names of any agent, dealer or underwriter, and any applicable commissions or discounts with respect to a particular offer will be set forth in an accompanying prospectus supplement or, if appropriate, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement that includes this prospectus.

 

In order to comply with the securities laws of some states, if applicable, the common stock may be sold in these jurisdictions only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in some states the common stock may not be sold unless it has been registered or qualified for sale or an exemption from registration or qualification requirements is available and is complied with.

 

We have advised the selling stockholders that the anti-manipulation rules of Regulation M under the Exchange Act may apply to sales of shares in the market and to the activities of the selling stockholders and their affiliates. In addition, to the extent applicable, we will make copies of this prospectus (as it may be supplemented or amended from time to time) available to the selling stockholders for the purpose of satisfying the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act. The selling stockholders may indemnify any broker-dealer that participates in transactions involving the sale of the shares against certain liabilities, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act.

 

We have agreed to indemnify the selling stockholders against liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act and state securities laws, relating to the registration of the shares offered by this prospectus.

 

We have agreed with the selling stockholders to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the registration statement of which this prospectus constitutes a part to become effective and to remain continuously effective until the earlier of: (i) the date on which the selling stockholders shall have resold or otherwise disposed of all the shares covered by this prospectus and (ii) the date on which the shares covered by this prospectus no longer constitute “Registrable Securities” as such term is defined in the Registration Rights Agreement, such that they may be resold by the selling stockholders without registration and without regard to any volume, holding period or manner-of-sale limitations and without current public information pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act or any other rule of similar effect.

 

A-3

 

 

Exhibit B

 

Investor Questionnaire

 

The undersigned hereby provides the following information to the Company and represents and warrants that such information is accurate:

 

QUESTIONNAIRE

 

1.Name.

 

(a)Full Legal Name of Investor
   
   
   

 

(b)Full Legal Name of Registered Holder (if not the same as (a) above) through which Registrable Securities are held:
   
   
   

 

(c)Full Legal Name of Natural Control Person (which means a natural person who directly or indirectly alone or with others has power to vote or dispose of the securities covered by this Questionnaire):
   
   
   

 

2. Address for Notices to Investor:

 

 

 
 

 

Telephone:  
   
E-Mail:  
   
Contact Person:  

 

3. Broker-Dealer Status:

 

(a)Are you a broker-dealer?

 

Yes ☐            No ☐

 

(b)If “yes” to Section 3(a), did you receive your Registrable Securities as compensation for investment banking services to the Company?

 

Yes ☐            No ☐

 

B-1

 

 

Note: If “no” to Section 3(b), the Commission’s staff has indicated that you should be identified as an underwriter in the Registration Statement.

 

(c)Are you an affiliate of a broker-dealer?

 

Yes ☐            No ☐

 

(d)If you are an affiliate of a broker-dealer, do you certify that you purchased the Registrable Securities in the ordinary course of business, and at the time of the purchase of the Registrable Securities to be resold, you had no agreements or understandings, directly or indirectly, with any person to distribute the Registrable Securities?

 

Yes ☐            No ☐

 

Note:If “no” to Section 3(d), the Commission’s staff has indicated that you should be identified as an underwriter in the Registration Statement.

 

4. Beneficial Ownership of Securities of the Company Owned by the Investor.

 

Except as set forth below in this Item 4, the undersigned is not the beneficial or registered owner of any securities of the Company other than the securities issuable pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.

 

(a)Type and Amount of other securities beneficially owned by the Investor:
   
   
   
   

 

5. Relationships with the Company:

 

Except as set forth below, neither the undersigned nor any of its affiliates, officers, directors or principal equity holders (owners of 5% of more of the equity securities of the undersigned) has held any position or office or has had any other material relationship with the Company (or its predecessors or affiliates) during the past three years.

 

State any exceptions here:

 

   
   
   

 

B-2

 

 

6. Confirmations of Selling Shareholder:

 

The undersigned acknowledges that the undersigned has been advised by the Company that the anti-manipulation rules of Regulation M under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended may apply to sales of shares in the market and to the activities of the undersigned and its affiliates.

 

The undersigned acknowledges that the Securities Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder may require the undersigned to promptly notify the Company of any material inaccuracies or changes in the information provided herein that may occur subsequent to the date hereof at any time as long as the undersigned holds Registrable Securities (as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement). In the absence of any such notification, the Company shall be entitled to continue to rely on the accuracy of the information in this Notice and Questionnaire.

 

By signing below, the undersigned consents to the disclosure of the information contained herein in its answers to Items 1 through 5 and the inclusion of such information in the Registration Statement and the related prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto. The undersigned understands that such information will be relied upon by the Company in connection with the preparation or amendment of the Registration Statement and the related prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, by authority duly given, has caused this Notice and Questionnaire to be executed and delivered either in person or by its duly authorized agent.

 

Date:  Beneficial Owner:  

 

  By:  
    Name:
    Title:

 

PLEASE EMAIL A .PDF COPY OF THE COMPLETED AND EXECUTED QUESTIONNAIRE TO: [email protected]; [email protected]

 

B-3

 

Exhibit 10.3

 

180 LIFE SCIENCES CORP.

 

STRATEGIC ADVISOR AGREEMENT

 

This Strategic Advisor Agreement (the “Agreement”) is entered into effective as of July 29, 2025 (the “Effective Date”) by and between 180 Life Sciences Corp., a Delaware corporation with a principal place of business at 3000 El Camino Real, Building 4, Suite 200, Palo Alto, California 94306 (the “Company”), and [__________], a [__________] with a principal place of business located at [__________] (“Advisor”).

 

WHEREAS, Company was previously a clinical-stage biotechnology company and has recently begun a strategic pivot to enter the interactive entertainment and technology sector, with plans to strategically enter the online gaming industry, and desires to integrate an Ethereum (“ETH”) cryptocurrency and digital asset strategy (the “ETH Strategy”) as part of its treasury management strategy;

 

WHEREAS, Advisor is a leader in the digital asset industry; and

 

WHEREAS, the parties desire for Advisor to provide strategic advisory services regarding the digital asset ecosystem.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and promises herein contained, the parties agree as follows:

 

1. Services. Advisor’s services to the Company hereunder will consist of providing advice from time to time regarding the ETH Strategy, including on ETH purchase and staking strategies and such other areas as may be mutually determined by Advisor and the Company (the “Services”).

 

2. Compensation. The Company will grant to Advisor (a) a warrant to purchase [   ] shares of the common stock of the Company (the “Initial Warrant”), substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A; and (b) in the event the Company consummates the Debt Offering (as defined in that certain Securities Purchase Agreement, dated July 29, 2025, by and among the Company and the Investors identified therein (the “Purchase Agreement”)) within sixty (60) days of the Closing (as defined in the Purchase Agreement), a warrant to purchase shares of the common stock of the Company (the “Subsequent Warrant” and collectively with the Initial Warrant, the “Warrants”), substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B.

 

3. Independent Contractor Relationship. Advisor’s relationship with the Company is that of an independent contractor, and nothing in this Agreement is intended to, or should be construed to, create a partnership, agency or employee relationship. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Advisor is not authorized to bind the Company to any liability or obligation or to represent that Advisor has any such authority in connection with the Services. Advisor acknowledges and agrees that Advisor is obligated to report as income all compensation received by Advisor pursuant to this Agreement. Advisor agrees to and acknowledges the obligation to pay all self-employment and other taxes on such income. The Company and Advisor agree that Advisor will receive no Company-sponsored benefits from the Company pursuant to this Agreement. The parties acknowledge and agree that Advisor may from time to time have access to, material non-public information (“MNPI”) regarding the Company. Advisor agrees that it shall at all times comply with the Company’s code of ethics and that it will not use any MNPI for personal gain or in a manner that could violate applicable securities law or regulations. Advisor represents and warrants to the Company that Advisor (a) is aware such securities laws prohibit any person or entity who has material, nonpublic information concerning the Company from purchasing or selling securities of the Company or from communicating such information to any other person under circumstances in which it is reasonably foreseeable that such person is likely to purchase or sell securities; and (b) has established insider trading controls and procedures in compliance with applicable securities laws.

 

 

 

 

4. Taxes. The Company makes no representations or warranties with respect to the tax consequences of the payments and any other consideration provided to Advisor under the terms of this Agreement. Advisor agrees and understands that it is responsible for payment, if any, of local, state, federal and/or foreign taxes on the payments and any other consideration provided hereunder by the Company and any penalties or assessments thereon. Advisor agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company and its affiliates and their directors, officers and employees from and against all taxes, losses, damages, liabilities, costs and expenses, including attorneys’ fees and other legal expenses, arising from or in connection with (i) any obligation imposed on the Company to pay withholding taxes or similar items, or (ii) any determination by a court or agency that the Advisor is not an independent contractor pursuant to this Agreement.

 

5. Confidential Information.

 

5.1 Definition. “Confidential Information” Means non-public information regarding the disclosing party’s business affairs, products, services, confidential intellectual property, trade secrets, third-party confidential information and other sensitive or proprietary information, whether orally or in visual, written, electronic, or other form or media, and whether or not marked, designated, or otherwise identified as “confidential.”

 

5.2 Exclusions. Confidential Information does not include information that: (a) is or becomes publicly available without breach of this Agreement; (b) was known to the receiving party prior to disclosure; or (c) is independently developed by the receiving party without use of or reference to the disclosing party’s Confidential Information. In addition, the receiving party may disclose Confidential Information of the disclosing party to the extent the disclosure is required by law or order of a court or other governmental authority; provided, that the receiving party shall use commercially reasonable efforts to promptly notify the disclosing party prior to the disclosure to enable the disclosing party to seek a protective order or otherwise prevent or restrict the disclosure.

 

5.3 Treatment of Confidential Information. Advisor shall: (A) protect and safeguard the confidentiality of the Company’s Confidential Information with at least the same degree of care as the Advisor would protect its own Confidential Information, but in no event with less than a commercially reasonable degree of care; (B) not use the Company’s Confidential Information, or permit it to be accessed or used, for any purpose other than to perform its obligations under this Agreement; and (C) not disclose any such Confidential Information to any person or entity, except to the Advisor’s representatives who need to know the Confidential Information to assist the Company, or act on its behalf, to exercise its rights or perform its obligations under this Agreement. The Advisor shall be responsible for any breach of this Section 4.3 caused by any of its officers, directors, employees, agents, accountants, consultants and other representatives (collectively, “Representatives”). On the expiration or termination of this Agreement, the Advisor and its representatives shall promptly return to the Company all copies, whether in written, electronic or other form or media, of the Company’s Confidential Information, or destroy all such copies and, upon the Company’s written request, certify in writing to the Company that such Confidential Information has been destroyed.

 

5.4 Survival. The obligations under this Section 4 shall survive the termination or expiration of this Agreement for a period of two (2) years.

 

2

 

 

6. Term and Termination.

 

6.1 Term. This Agreement shall commence on the Effective Date and shall continue for a period of thirty (30) months, unless earlier terminated in accordance with this Section 5 (the “Term”).

 

6.2 Termination for Cause. Either party may terminate this Agreement immediately upon written notice if the other party materially breaches this Agreement and fails to cure such breach within ten (10) days after receiving written notice of the breach.

 

6.3 Termination by Mutual Agreement. Both parties may agree in writing to terminate this agreement by mutual agreement at any point during the Term. 

 

7. Limitation of Liability.

 

7.1 Liability Cap. Each party’s total liability under this Agreement, whether in contract, tort, or otherwise, shall be limited to one thousand dollars ($1,000), provided, however, any liability resulting from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of a party shall not be limited.

 

7.2 Exclusion of Consequential Damages. Neither party shall be liable to the other party for any indirect, incidental, consequential, special, or punitive damages, including loss of profits or revenue, arising out of or related to this Agreement, even if advised of the possibility of such damages.

 

8. Representations and Warranties; Disclaimer; Indemnity.

 

8.1 Mutual Representations. Each party represents and warrants to each other that: (a) it has the full right, power, and authority to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement; and (b) its performance under this Agreement will not violate any applicable laws or regulations.

 

8.2 Disclaimer. Except as expressly set forth in this Agreement, Advisor makes no warranties, express or implied, including any warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. Without limiting the foregoing, Advisor makes no representation or warranty regarding the results or effectiveness of its Services, including as to the value, yield or returns on investment in any digital assets purchased by the Company or other digital asset strategies.

 

8.3 Indemnity. The Company will indemnify and defend Advisor against any liability incurred in the performance of the Services to the fullest extent as allowed under law and the Company’s governing documents. Advisor shall be entitled to the protection of any insurance policies the Company maintains for the benefit of the Company against all costs, charges and expenses in connection with any action, suit or proceeding to which he may be made a party by reason of his affiliation with Company, its subsidiaries, or affiliates. It is understood and acknowledged that indemnification does not cover fraud, intentional misconduct, knowing violations of law, or material breaches of confidentiality by the Advisor.

 

3

 

 

9. Representations of the Advisor.

 

9.1 Securities Act Representations of Advisor. Advisor represents that it is either: (i) an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 506(d) of Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) or (ii) a “qualified institutional buyer” as defined in Rule 144A(a)(1) under the Securities Act. The Advisor hereby represents that neither it nor any of its Rule 506(d) Related Parties (as defined below) is a “bad actor” within the meaning of Rule 506(d) promulgated under the Securities Act. For purposes of this Agreement, “Rule 506(d) Related Party” shall mean a person or entity covered by the “Bad Actor disqualification” provision of Rule 506(d) of Regulation D under the Securities Act. Advisor is not acquiring the Warrants (together with the shares of common stock of the Company into which the Warrants are exercisable, the “Securities”) with a view to, or for sale in connection with, a distribution, as that term is used in Section 2(11) of the Securities Act, in a manner which would require registration under the Securities Act or any state securities laws. Advisor can bear the economic risk of investment in the Securities, has knowledge and experience in financial business matters, is capable of managing the risk of investment in the Securities. Advisor recognizes that the Securities have not been registered under the Securities Act, nor under the securities laws of any state and, therefore, cannot be resold unless the resale of the Securities is registered under the Securities Act or unless an exemption from registration is available. Advisor has carefully considered and has, to the extent it believes such discussion necessary, discussed with its professional, legal, tax and financial advisors, the suitability of an investment in the Securities for its particular tax and financial situation and its respective advisers, if such advisors were deemed necessary, has determined that the Securities are a suitable investment for it. Advisor has not been offered the Securities by any form of general solicitation or advertising, including, but not limited to, advertisements, articles, notices or other communications published in any newspaper, magazine, or other similar media or television or radio broadcast or any seminar or meeting where, to Advisor’s knowledge, those individuals that have attended have been invited by any such or similar means of general solicitation or advertising. Advisor has had an opportunity to ask questions of and receive satisfactory answers from the Company, or persons acting on behalf of the Company, concerning the terms and conditions of the Securities and the Company, and all such questions have been answered to the full satisfaction of Advisor. Advisor is relying on its own investigation and evaluation of the Company and the Securities and not on any other information.

 

9.2 No Advice Regarding Securities. The Company is not providing any tax, legal or financial advice, nor is the Company making any recommendations regarding the Advisor’s receipt of the Securities, or Advisor’s sale of the Securities. Advisor is hereby advised to consult with its own personal tax, legal and financial advisors regarding its receipt of the Securities.

 

4

 

 

9.3 Legends. Advisor understands and agrees that a legend has been or will be placed on any certificate(s) or other document(s) evidencing the Securities in substantially the following form:

 

“THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED OR ANY STATE SECURITIES ACT. THE SECURITIES HAVE BEEN ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT AND MAY NOT BE SOLD, TRANSFERRED, OR HYPOTHECATED UNLESS (I) THEY SHALL HAVE BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED AND ANY APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES ACT, OR (II) THE CORPORATION SHALL HAVE BEEN FURNISHED WITH AN OPINION OF COUNSEL, SATISFACTORY TO COUNSEL FOR THE CORPORATION, THAT REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED UNDER ANY SUCH ACTS.”

 

10. General Provisions.

 

10.1 Governing Law. This Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to the principles of conflict of laws.

 

10.2 Entire Agreement; Amendments and Waivers. This Agreement (including the Warrants referenced herein) sets forth the entire agreement and understanding between the parties relating to its subject matter and supersedes all prior discussions and agreements (whether oral or written) between the parties with respect thereto. No amendments or waivers to this Agreement will be effective unless in writing and signed by the party against whom such amendment or waiver is to be enforced. The failure of either party to enforce its rights under this Agreement at any time for any period will not be construed as a waiver of such rights.

 

10.3 Severability. If any provision of this Agreement is deemed void or unenforceable, such provision will nevertheless be enforced to the fullest extent allowed by law, and the validity of the remainder of this Agreement will not be affected.

 

10.4 Successors and Assigns. Neither party may assign or transfer any obligations under this Agreement without the written consent of the other party. Any attempt to do so will be void. Subject to the foregoing, this Agreement will be binding upon each party’s successors and permitted assigns.

 

10.5 Remedies. Each party acknowledges and agrees that violation of this Agreement may cause the other party irreparable harm and that the other party will therefore be entitled to seek extraordinary relief in court, including, but not limited to, temporary restraining orders, preliminary injunctions and permanent injunctions without the necessity of posting a bond or other security, in addition to any other rights or remedies that it may have for a breach of this Agreement. If any party brings any suit, action, counterclaim or arbitration to enforce or interpret the provisions of this Agreement, the prevailing party will be entitled to recover a reasonable allowance for attorneys’ fees and litigation expenses in addition to court costs.

 

5

 

 

10.6 Publicity. The Company shall not use Advisor’s name without its express written permission, and upon Advisor consent, may cite its relationship with the Company as its advisor, as long as any such usage is limited to reporting actual events or occurrences only.

 

10.7 Notices. All notices under this Agreement must be in writing and will be deemed given when delivered personally, one (1) day after being sent by nationally recognized courier service, or three (3) days after being sent by prepaid certified mail, to the address of the party to be noticed as set forth above or such other address as such party last provided to the other party by written notice.

 

10.8 No Presumption from Drafting. This Agreement has been negotiated at arm’s-length between persons knowledgeable in the matters set forth within this Agreement. Accordingly, given that all parties have had the opportunity to draft, review and/or edit the language of this Agreement, no presumption for or against any party arising out of drafting all or any part of this Agreement will be applied in any action relating to, connected with or involving this Agreement. In particular, any rule of law, legal decisions, or common law principles of similar effect that would require interpretation of any ambiguities in this Agreement against the party that has drafted it, is of no application and is hereby expressly waived. The provisions of this Agreement shall be interpreted in a reasonable manner to affect the intentions of the parties.

 

10.9 Review and Construction of Documents. Each party herein expressly represents and warrants to the other that (a) before executing this Agreement, said party has fully informed itself of the terms, contents, conditions and effects of this Agreement; (b) said party has relied solely and completely upon its own judgment in executing this Agreement; (c) said party has had the opportunity to seek and has obtained the advice of its own legal, tax and business advisors before executing this Agreement; (d) said party has acted voluntarily and of its own free will in executing this Agreement; and (e) this Agreement is the result of arm’s length negotiations conducted by and among the parties and their respective counsel.

 

10.10 Electronic Signatures and Counterparts. This Agreement and any signed agreement or instrument entered into in connection with this Agreement, and any amendments hereto or thereto, may be executed in one or more counterparts, all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument. Any such counterpart, to the extent delivered by means of a facsimile machine or by .pdf, .tif, .gif, .jpg or similar attachment to electronic mail (any such delivery, an “Electronic Delivery”) shall be treated in all manner and respects as an original executed counterpart and shall be considered to have the same binding legal effect as if it were the original signed version thereof delivered in person. At the request of any party, each other party shall re execute the original form of this Agreement and deliver such form to all other parties. No party shall raise the use of Electronic Delivery to deliver a signature or the fact that any signature or agreement or instrument was transmitted or communicated through the use of Electronic Delivery as a defense to the formation of a contract, and each such party forever waives any such defense, except to the extent such defense relates to lack of authenticity.

 

[Remainder of this page left intentionally blank]

 

6

 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the date first written above.

 

  “Company”
     
  180 LIFE SCIENCES CORP.
     
  By:                
     
  Name:  
     
  Title:  

 

  ADVISOR
   
  [_______________]

 

  By:  
     
  Name:  
     
  Title:  

 

180 Life Sciences Corp.

Strategic Advisor Agreement

 

 

 

 

EXHIBIT A

 

Form of Initial Warrant

 

[To be attached]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXHIBIT B

 

Form of Subsequent Warrant

 

[To be attached]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exhibit 10.4

 

180 LIFE SCIENCES CORP.

2025 SUPPLEMENTAL OPTION INCENTIVE PLAN

 

Adopted by the Board of Directors on July 29, 2025,
subject to Stockholder Approval Prior to July 29, 2026

 

Article I.
PURPOSES AND BACKGROUND

 

1.1 This 180 Life Sciences Corp. 2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan, as may be amended from time to time (the “Plan”), is intended to promote the interests of 180 Life Sciences Corp. (the “Company”) and its Subsidiaries (as defined below) and its stockholders by (i) attracting and retaining directors, executive officers, employees and consultants of outstanding ability; (ii) motivating such individuals by means of performance-related incentives to achieve the longer-range performance goals of the Company and its Subsidiaries; and (iii) enabling such individuals to participate in the long-term growth and financial success of the Company.

 

1.2 The Company’s Board of Directors adopted the Plan on July 29, 2025 (the “Effective Date”). The Plan shall become effective on the Effective Date. In accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(c) and the guidance thereunder, on or following the Effective Date but prior to the Shareholder Approval Date (as defined below), the Company may only grant Options, but no shares of Common Stock or other securities, under the Plan. Additionally, (i) until the Shareholder Approval Date, no Options can be exercised, and (ii) if Shareholder Approval is not received, the Plan shall be unwound, and the outstanding Options cancelled (the “Nasdaq Pre-Approval Requirements”). All Options granted prior to the Shareholder Approval Date shall be granted subject to the Nasdaq Pre-Approval Requirements and all Award Agreements memorializing such Stock Option grants shall include provisions making such Stock Options and grants subject to such Nasdaq Pre-Approval Requirements for all purposes.

 

1.3 The grant of Incentive Stock Options is subject to approval of this Plan by the Company’s shareholders within twelve (12) months of the Effective Date. Shareholder approval is to be obtained in accordance with the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, each as amended, and Applicable Laws (the “Shareholder Approval” and the date of such Shareholder Approval, the “Shareholder Approval Date”). The Administrator may grant Incentive Stock Options prior to Shareholder Approval, but until the Company obtains this approval, a grantee shall not exercise them. If the Company does not timely obtain Shareholder Approval (or a grantee desires to exercise such Incentive Stock Options prior to shareholder approval), a grantee may exercise previously granted Incentive Stock Options (subject to the Nasdaq Pre-Approval Requirements) as Nonqualified Stock Options.

 

Article II.
Definitions

 

Whenever the following terms are used in this Plan, they shall have the meanings specified below unless the context clearly indicates to the contrary.

 

2.1 “Administrator” means the Board or the Compensation Committee, as determined by the Board from time to time. In exercising its discretion hereunder, the Board shall endeavor to cause the Administrator to satisfy any requirements applicable to qualify for an exemption available under Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act or any other regulatory or administrative requirements that may be applicable with respect to Awards granted hereunder.

 

2.2 “Affiliate” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with, such Person where “control” (including the terms “controlling,” “controlled by,” and “under common control with”) means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of securities, by contract, or otherwise.

 

180 Life Sciences Corp.

2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan

Page 1 of 13

 

 

2.3 “Alternative Award” has the meaning set forth in Section 7.1.

 

2.4 “Applicable Laws” means all applicable laws, rules, regulations and requirements, including, but not limited to, all applicable U.S. federal, state or local laws, any stock exchange rules or regulations and the applicable laws, rules or regulations of any other country or jurisdiction where Awards are granted under the Plan or Participants reside or provide services, as such laws, rules and regulations shall be in effect from time to time.

 

2.5 “Award” means any granted to a Participant pursuant to the Plan.

 

2.6 “Award Agreement” means any written agreement, contract or other instrument or document evidencing an Award, including through an electronic medium. The Administrator may provide for the use of electronic, internet or other non-paper Award Agreements, and the use of electronic, internet or other non-paper means for the Participant’s acceptance of, or actions under, an Award Agreement unless otherwise expressly specified herein.

 

2.7 “Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.

 

2.8 “Cause” means, unless otherwise provided in the Award Agreement, any of the following: (A) the Participant’s commission of a crime involving fraud, theft, false statements or other similar acts or commission of any crime that is a felony (or comparable classification in a jurisdiction that does not use these terms); (b) the Participant’s engaging in any conduct that constitutes an employment disqualification under applicable law with respect to a material portion of the Participant’s work duties; (c) the Participant’s willful or grossly negligent failure to perform his or her material employment-related duties for the Company Group, or willful misconduct in the performance of such duties; (d) the Participant’s material violation of any Company or Subsidiary policy as in effect from time to time; (e) the Participant’s engaging in any act or making any public statement that materially impairs, impugns, denigrates, disparages or negatively reflects upon the name, reputation or business interests of the Company or its Subsidiaries; or (f) the Participant’s material breach of any Award Agreement, employment agreement, or noncompetition, nondisclosure or nonsolicitation agreement to which the Participant is a party or by which the Participant is bound; provided that in the case of any Participant who, as of the date of determination, is a party to an effective services, severance, consulting or employment agreement with the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company that employs such individual, “Cause” has the meaning, if any, specified in such agreement. A termination for Cause shall be deemed to include a determination by the Administrator following a Participant’s termination of employment that circumstances existing prior to such termination would have entitled the Company or one of its Subsidiaries to have terminated such Participant’s employment for Cause. All rights a Participant has or may have under the Plan shall be suspended automatically during the pendency of any investigation by the Administrator or its designee, or during any negotiations between the Administrator or its designee and the Participant, regarding any actual or alleged act or omission by the Participant of the type described in the applicable definition of Cause.

 

2.9 “Change in Control” or “Change of Control” means the first to occur of any of the following events after the Effective Date:

 

(a) any Person becomes the beneficial owner (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act) of 30% or more of either (x) the then-outstanding shares of common stock of the Company (the “Outstanding Company Common Stock”) or (y) the combined voting power of the then outstanding voting securities of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (the “Outstanding Company Voting Securities”);

 

(b) the individuals who constitute the Board as of the Effective Date (the “Incumbent Board”) cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Board; providedhowever, that any individual becoming a Director subsequent to the Effective Date whose election, or nomination for election, by the Company’s stockholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the Directors then comprising the Incumbent Board shall be considered as though such individual was a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding, for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to the election or removal of directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a Person other than the Board; or

 

180 Life Sciences Corp.

2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan

Page 2 of 13

 

 

(c) the consummation of a reorganization, merger, statutory share exchange or consolidation or similar transaction involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or the acquisition of assets or stock of another entity by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (each, a “Business Combination”), in each case, unless, following such Business Combination, (i) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities that were the beneficial owners of the Outstanding Company Common Stock and the Outstanding Company Voting Securities immediately prior to such Business Combination beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the then-outstanding shares of common stock (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent securities) and the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities entitled to vote generally in the election of Directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body), as the case may be, of the entity resulting from such Business Combination (including, without limitation, an entity that, as a result of such transaction, owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more Subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions as their ownership immediately prior to such Business Combination of the Outstanding Company Common Stock and the Outstanding Company Voting Securities, as the case may be, (ii) no Person (excluding any corporation resulting from such Business Combination or any employee benefit plan (or related trust) of the Company or such corporation resulting from such Business Combination) beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 30% or more of, respectively, the then-outstanding shares of common stock (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent securities) of the entity resulting from such Business Combination or the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities of such entity entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent securities), except to the extent that such ownership existed prior to the Business Combination, and (iii) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body) of the entity resulting from such Business Combination were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board providing for such Business Combination;

 

in each case, provided that, as to Awards subject to Section 409A of the Code, the payment or settlement of which will occur by reason of the Change in Control, such event also constitutes a “change in control” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code. In addition, notwithstanding the foregoing, a “Change in Control” shall not be deemed to occur if the Company files for bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization under the United States Bankruptcy Code or as a result of any restructuring that occurs as a result of any such proceeding.

 

2.10 “Change in Control Price” means the price per share of Company Common Stock paid in conjunction with any transaction resulting in a Change in Control. If any part of the offered price is payable other than in cash, the value of the non-cash portion of the Change in Control Price shall be determined in good faith by the Administrator as constituted immediately prior to the Change in Control.

 

2.11 “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

2.12 “Company Common Stock” means the common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company and such other stock or securities into which such common stock is hereafter converted or for which such common stock is exchanged.

 

2.13 “Company Group” means the Company and its direct or indirect Subsidiaries.

 

2.14 “Compensation Year” means the period from one annual meeting of stockholders to the next following annual meeting of stockholders.

 

2.15 “Competitive Activity” means a Participant’s material breach of restrictive covenants relating to noncompetition, nonsolicitation (of customers or employees) or preservation of confidential information or other covenants having the same or similar scope, included in an Award Agreement or other agreement to which the Participant and the Company or any of its Affiliates is a party.

 

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2.16 “Corporate Event” means, as determined by the Administrator, any transaction or event described in Section 4.4(a) or any unusual or infrequently occurring transaction or event affecting the Company, any Subsidiary of the Company, or the financial statements of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or changes in applicable laws, regulations or accounting principles (including, without limitation, a recapitalization of the Company).

 

2.17 “Director” means a member of the Board or a member of the board of directors of any Subsidiary.

 

2.18 “Disability” means (x) for Awards that are not subject to Section 409A of the Code, “disability” as such term is defined in the long-term disability insurance plan or program of the Company or any Subsidiary then covering the Participant, and (y) for Awards that are subject to Section 409A of the Code, “disability” has the meaning set forth in Section 409A(a)(2)(c) of the Code; provided that with respect to Awards that are not subject to Section 409A, in the case of any Participant who, as of the date of determination, is a party to an effective services, severance, consulting or employment agreement with the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company that employs such individual, “Disability” has the meaning, if any, specified in such agreement.

 

2.19 “Eligible Representative” for a Participant means such Participant’s personal representative or such other person as is empowered under the deceased Participant’s will or the then applicable laws of descent and distribution to represent the Participant hereunder.

 

2.20 “Employee” means any individual classified as an employee by the Company or one of its Subsidiaries.

 

2.21 “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

2.22 “Executive Officer” means each person who is an officer or employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and who is subject to the reporting requirements under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act.

 

2.23 “Fair Market Value” means, unless otherwise determined by the Administrator from time to time, the closing transaction price of a Share as reported on the NASDAQ Stock Market LLC on the date as of which such value is being determined or, if Shares are not listed on the NASDAQ Stock Market LLC, the closing transaction price of a Share on the principal national stock exchange on which Shares are traded on the date as of which such value is being determined or, if there shall be no reported transactions for such date, on the next preceding date for which transactions were reported; provided, however, that if Shares are not listed on a national stock exchange or if Fair Market Value for any date cannot be so determined, Fair Market Value shall be determined by the Administrator by whatever means or method as the Administrator, in the good faith exercise of its discretion, shall at such time deem appropriate and in compliance with Section 409A of the Code.

 

2.24 “Good Reason” means, unless otherwise provided in the Award Agreement, a material reduction in the Participant’s base salary or a material reduction in the Participant’s target annual cash incentive compensation opportunity, in each case, other than (a) any isolated or inadvertent failure by the Company or the applicable Subsidiary that is not in bad faith and is cured within thirty (30) business days after the Participant gives the Company or the applicable Subsidiary notice of such event or (b) a reduction of 10% or less which is applicable to all employees in the same salary grade as the Participant; provided that in the case of any Participant who, as of the date of determination, is a party to an effective services, severance, consulting or employment agreement with the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company that employs such individual, “Good Reason” has the meaning, if any, specified in such agreement.

 

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2.25 “Incentive Stock Option” means an Option which qualifies under Section 422 of the Code and is expressly designated as an Incentive Stock Option in the Award Agreement.

 

2.26 “Non-Qualified Stock Option” means an Option that is not an Incentive Stock Option.

 

2.27 “Option” means an option to purchase Company Common Stock granted under the Plan. The term “Option” includes both an Incentive Stock Option and a Non-Qualified Stock Option.

 

2.28 “Participant” means any Service Provider who has been granted an Award pursuant to the Plan.

 

2.29 “Person” means an individual, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, business trust, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated association, joint venture, governmental authority or any other entity of whatever nature.

 

2.30 “Replacement Awards” means Shares or Awards issued in assumption of, or in substitution for, any outstanding awards of any entity acquired in any form or combination by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

 

2.31 “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

2.32 “Service Provider” means an Employee, Director or consultant of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

 

2.33 “Share” means a share of Company Common Stock.

 

2.34 “Subsidiary” means any entity that is directly or indirectly controlled by the Company or any entity in which the Company directly or indirectly has at least a 50% equity interest.

 

2.35 “Termination of employment,” “termination of service” and any similar term or terms means, with respect to a Director who is not an Employee of the Company or any Subsidiary, the date upon which such Director ceases to be a member of the Board or of the board of directors of any Subsidiary, with respect to a consultant of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, the date upon which such consultant ceases to provide services to the Company and its Subsidiaries and, with respect to an Employee, the date he or she ceases to be an Employee; provided that with respect to any Award subject to Section 409A of the Code, such terms shall mean “separation from service,” as defined in Section 409A of the Code and the rules, regulations and guidance promulgated thereunder. Unless otherwise determined by the Administrator, a “termination of employment” or “termination of service” shall not occur if an Employee, consultant or Director, immediately upon ceasing to provide services in such capacity, commences to or continues to provide services to the Company or any of its Affiliates in another of such capacities.

 

Article III.
ADMINISTRATION

 

3.1 Powers of the Administrator. The Plan shall be administered by the Administrator. The Administrator shall have the sole and complete authority and discretion to: (i) determine the type or types of Awards to be granted to each Participant; (ii) select the Service Providers to whom Awards may from time to time be granted; (iii) determine all matters and questions related to the termination of service of a Service Provider with respect to any Award granted to him or her; (iv) determine the number of Awards to be granted and the number of Shares to which an Award will relate; (v) approve forms of agreement for use under the Plan, which need not be identical for each Service Provider; (vi) determine the terms and conditions of any Awards (including, without limitation, the exercise price, the time or times when Awards may be exercised (which may be based on performance criteria), any vesting acceleration or waiver of forfeiture restrictions and any restriction or limitation regarding any Award or the Company Common Stock relating thereto) based in each case on such factors as the Administrator shall determine; (vii) prescribe, amend and rescind rules and regulations relating to the Plan, including rules and regulations relating to Subplans (as defined in Section 3.4) established for the purpose of satisfying applicable foreign laws; (viii) determine whether, to what extent, and pursuant to what circumstances an Award may be settled in, or the exercise or purchase price of an Award may be paid in, cash, Company Common Stock, other Awards, or other property, or an Award may be canceled, forfeited or surrendered; (ix) suspend or accelerate the vesting of any Award granted under the Plan or waive the forfeiture restrictions or any other restriction or limitation regarding any Awards or the Company Common Stock relating thereto; (x) construe and interpret the terms of the Plan and Awards granted pursuant to the Plan; and (xi) make all other decisions and determinations that may be required pursuant to the Plan or as the Administrator deems necessary or advisable to administer the Plan. Any determination made by the Administrator under the Plan, including, without limitation, under Section 4.4, shall be final, binding and conclusive on all Participants and other persons having or claiming any right or interest under the Plan. The Administrator’s determinations under the Plan need not be uniform and may be made by the Administrator selectively among persons who receive, or are eligible to receive, Awards under the Plan, whether or not such persons are similarly situated.

 

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3.2 Delegation by the Administrator. The Administrator may delegate, subject to such terms or conditions or guidelines as it shall determine, to any officer or group of officers, or Director or group of Directors of the Company or its Subsidiaries any portion of its authority and powers under the Plan with respect to Participants who are not Executive Officers or non-employee directors of the Board; provided that any delegation to one or more officers of the Company shall be subject to and comply with applicable law.

 

3.3 Expenses, Professional Assistance, No Liability. All expenses and liabilities incurred by the Administrator in connection with the administration of the Plan shall be borne by the Company. The Administrator may elect to engage the services of attorneys, consultants, accountants or other persons. The Administrator, the Company and its officers and Directors shall be entitled to rely upon the advice, opinions or valuations of any such persons. The Administrator (and its members) shall not be personally liable for any action, determination or interpretation made with respect to the Plan or the Awards, and the Administrator (and its members) shall be fully protected by the Company with respect to any such action, determination or interpretation.

 

3.4 Participants Based Outside the United States. To conform with the provisions of local laws and regulations, or with local compensation practices and policies, in foreign countries in which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries operate, but subject to the limitations set forth herein regarding the maximum number of shares issuable hereunder and the maximum award to any single Participant, the Administrator may (i) modify the terms and conditions of Awards granted to Employees employed and consultants who provide services outside the United States (“Non-U.S. Awards”), (ii) establish subplans with such modifications as may be necessary or advisable under the circumstances (“Subplans”) and (iii) take any action which it deems advisable to obtain, comply with or otherwise reflect any necessary governmental regulatory procedures, exemptions or approvals with respect to the Plan. The Administrator’s decision to grant Non-U.S. Awards or to establish Subplans is entirely voluntary, and at the complete discretion of the Administrator. The Administrator may amend, modify or terminate any Subplans at any time, and such amendment, modification or termination may be made without prior notice to the Participants. The Company, Affiliates and members of the Administrator shall not incur any liability of any kind to any Participant as a result of any change, amendment or termination of any Subplan at any time. The benefits and rights provided under any Subplan or by any Non-U.S. Award (x) are wholly discretionary and, although provided by either the Company or an Affiliate of the Company, do not constitute regular or periodic payments and (y) except as otherwise required under applicable laws, are not to be considered part of the Participant’s salary or compensation under the Participant’s employment with the Participant’s local employer for purposes of calculating any severance, resignation, redundancy or other end of service payments, vacation, bonuses, long-term service awards, indemnification, pension or retirement benefits, or any other payments, benefits or rights of any kind. If a Subplan is terminated, the Administrator may direct the payment of Non-U.S. Awards (or direct the deferral of payments whose amount shall be determined) prior to the dates on which payments would otherwise have been made, and determine if such payments may be made in a lump sum or in installments.

 

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Article IV.
SHARES SUBJECT TO PLAN

 

4.1 Shares Subject to Plan. Subject to Section 4.3 and Section 4.7, the aggregate number of Shares which may be issued under this Plan shall be 9,197,614 (the “Share Limit”). All of the Shares reserved under the Plan may be issued in the form of Incentive Stock Options under the Plan, subject to the limitation set forth in Section 4.7. The Shares issued under the Plan may be authorized but unissued, or reacquired Company Common Stock. No provision of this Plan shall be construed to require the Company to maintain the Shares in certificated form. Unless the Administrator shall determine otherwise, (x) Awards may not consist of fractional shares and shall be rounded down to the nearest whole Share, and (y) fractional Shares shall not be issued under the Plan (and shall instead also be rounded as aforesaid).

 

4.2 If any Award or portion thereof under this Plan is for any reason forfeited, canceled, cash-settled, expired or otherwise terminated without the issuance of Shares, the Shares subject to such forfeited, canceled, cash-settled, expired or otherwise terminated Award, or portion thereof, shall again be available for grant under the Plan. If Shares are tendered or withheld from issuance with respect to an Award by the Company in satisfaction of any Exercise Price, or tax withholding or similar obligations, such tendered or withheld Shares shall again be available for grant under the Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, and except to the extent required by applicable law, Replacement Awards shall not be counted against Shares available for grant pursuant to this Plan.

 

4.3 [Intentionally Removed].

 

4.4 Changes in Company Common Stock; Disposition of Assets and Corporate Events.

 

(a) If and to the extent necessary or appropriate to reflect any stock dividend, extraordinary dividend, stock split or share combination or any recapitalization, merger, consolidation, exchange of shares, spin-off, liquidation or dissolution of the Company or other similar transaction affecting the Company Common Stock (each, a “Corporate Event”), the Administrator shall adjust the number of shares of Company Common Stock available for issuance under the Plan, the ISO Limit, and the number, class and Exercise Price (if applicable) of any outstanding Award, and/or make such substitution, revision or other provisions or take such other actions with respect to any outstanding Award or the holder or holders thereof, in each case as it determines to be equitable. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing sentence, in the event of any such Corporate Event, the Administrator shall have the power to make such changes as it deems appropriate in (i) the number and type of shares or other securities covered by outstanding Awards, (ii) the prices specified therein (if applicable), (iii) the securities, cash or other property to be received upon the exercise, settlement or conversion of such outstanding Awards or otherwise to be received in connection with such outstanding Awards and (iv) any applicable Performance Goals. After any adjustment made by the Administrator pursuant to this Section 4.4, the number of shares subject to each outstanding Award shall be rounded down to the nearest whole number of whole or fractional shares (as determined by the Administrator), and (if applicable) the Exercise Price thereof shall be rounded up to the nearest cent.

 

(b) Any adjustment of an Award pursuant to this Section 4.4 shall be effected in compliance with Section 424 and 409A of the Code to the extent applicable.

 

4.5 The Administrator may include such provisions and limitations in any Award Agreement as it shall determine, subject to the terms of the Plan.

 

4.6 Except to the extent (i) approved in advance by the stockholders of the Company or (ii) pursuant to Section 4.4 as a result of any Corporate Event or pursuant to Article VII in connection with a Change in Control, the Administrator shall not have the power or authority to reduce, whether through amendment or otherwise, the Exercise Price of any outstanding Option or to grant any new Award, or make any cash payment, in substitution for or upon the cancellation of Options previously granted and as to which the Exercise Price thereof is in excess of the then-current Fair Market Value of Share.

 

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4.7 Notwithstanding the Share Limit, and subject to adjustment in accordance with Section 3.3 hereof, the maximum number of Shares that may be granted in connection with, and issued pursuant to the exercise of, Incentive Stock Options granted under this Plan is 9,197,614 shares (the “ISO Limit”).

 

Article V.
OPTIONS

 

5.1 Grant of Options. The Administrator is authorized to make Awards of Options to any Service Provider in such amounts and subject to such terms and conditions as determined by the Administrator, consistent with the Plan. Excluding Replacement Awards, the per Share purchase price of the Shares subject to each Option (the “Exercise Price”) shall be not less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date such Option is granted. Each Option shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement.

 

5.2 Exercisability and Vesting; Exercise. Each Option shall vest and become exercisable according to the terms and conditions as determined by the Administrator. Except as otherwise determined by the Administrator. The Administrator shall specify the manner of and any terms and conditions of exercise of an exercisable Option, including but not limited to net-settlement, delivery of previously owned stock and broker-assisted sales.

 

5.3 Expiration of Options. No Option may be exercised after the expiration of ten (10) years from the date the Option was granted, unless a longer or shorter period is set forth in the Award Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that on the last business day of the term of the Option (x) the exercise of the Option is prohibited by applicable law or (y) Shares may not be purchased or sold by certain employees or directors of the Company due to the “black-out period” of a Company policy or a “lock-up” agreement undertaken in connection with an issuance of securities by the Company, the term of the Option shall be extended but not beyond a period of thirty (30) days following the end of the legal prohibition, black-out period or lock-up agreement (to the extent permissible under Section 409A of the Code) and provided further that no extension will be made if the applicable Exercise Price at the date the initial term would otherwise expire is below the Fair Market Value on such date.

 

Article VI.
Termination and Forfeiture

 

6.1 Termination for Cause; Post-Service Competitive Activity. Unless otherwise set forth in the Award Agreement, if a Participant’s employment or service terminates for Cause or a Participant engages in Competitive Activity following the Participant’s termination of employment or service, all Options, whether vested or unvested, and all other Awards that are unvested or unexercisable or otherwise unpaid (or were unvested or unexercisable or unpaid at the time of occurrence of Cause or engagement in Competitive Activity) shall be immediately forfeited and canceled, effective as of the date of the termination or engagement in Competitive Activity. If the Participant engages in Competitive Activity following the termination, any portion of the Participant’s Awards that became vested after termination, and any Shares or cash issued upon exercise or settlement of such Awards, shall be immediately forfeited, canceled, and disgorged or paid to the Company together with all gains earned or accrued due to the sale of Shares issued

 

6.2 Termination due to Death. Unless otherwise set forth in the Award Agreement, if a Participant’s employment or service terminates by reason of death:

 

(a) All Options (whether or not then otherwise exercisable) shall become exercisable in full and the Participant’s Eligible Representative may exercise all such Options at any time prior to the earlier of (i) the one-year anniversary of the Participant’s death or (ii) the expiration of the term of the Options; provided that any in-the-money Options that are still outstanding on the last day of the time period specified in this Section 6.2(a) shall automatically be exercised on such date; and

 

(b) All other Awards shall immediately vest in full upon the Participant’s death.

 

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6.3 Termination due to Disability. Unless otherwise set forth in the Award Agreement, if a Participant’s employment or service terminates by reason of Disability, the Participant shall be treated for purposes of the treatment of the Participant’s Awards under this Section 6.3 as though the Participant continued in the employ or service of the Company and all unvested Awards shall remain outstanding and vest, or in the case of Options, vest and become exercisable, in accordance with the terms set forth in the applicable Award Agreement. Any Options granted to such Participant that are exercisable at the date of termination by reason of Disability or that thereafter become exercisable by reason of the operation of the immediately preceding sentence may be exercised at any time prior to the earlier of (i) the one year anniversary of the Participant’s termination for Disability or (ii) the expiration of the term of such Options.

 

6.4 Involuntary Termination Without Cause. Unless otherwise set forth in the Award Agreement, if a Participant’s employment or service is involuntarily terminated without Cause:

 

(a) All Options that are unvested shall be immediately forfeited and canceled, effective as of the date of the termination, and all Options that are vested shall remain outstanding and exercisable until the earlier of (i) 30 days after the effective date of the termination under this Section 6.4 or (ii) the expiration of the term of such Options.

 

 

6.5 Termination for Any Other Reason. Unless otherwise set forth in the Award Agreement, if a Participant’s employment or service terminates for any reason other as set forth in Sections 6.1 (other than post-service Competitive Activity) through 6.4:

 

(a) All Options that are unvested shall be immediately forfeited and canceled, effective as of the date of the termination, and all Options that are vested shall remain outstanding and exercisable until the earlier of (i) 30 days after the effective date of the termination under this Section 6.5 or (ii) the expiration of the term of such Options; and

 

(b) All other Awards that are unvested or have not otherwise been earned shall be immediately forfeited and canceled, effective as of the date of termination.

 

6.6 Post-Termination Informational Requirements. Before the settlement of any Award following termination of employment or service, the Administrator may require the Participant (or the Participant’s Eligible Representative, if applicable) to make such representations and provide such documents as the Administrator deems necessary or advisable to effect compliance with applicable law and the provisions of this Plan.

 

6.7 Forfeiture and Recoupment of Awards. Awards granted under this Plan (and gains earned or accrued in connection with Awards) shall be subject to such generally applicable policies as to forfeiture and recoupment (including, without limitation, upon the occurrence of material financial or accounting errors, financial or other misconduct or Competitive Activity) as may be adopted by the Administrator or the Board from time to time. Any such policies may (in the discretion of the Administrator or the Board) be applied to outstanding Awards at the time of adoption of such policies, or on a prospective basis only. Participants shall also forfeit and disgorge to the Company any Awards granted or vested and any gains earned or accrued due to the exercise of Options or the sale of any Company Common Stock to the extent required by applicable law or as required by any stock exchange or quotation system on which the Company Common Stock is listed or quoted, in each case in effect on or after the Effective Date, including but not limited to Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and Section 10D of the Exchange Act. The implementation of policies and procedures pursuant to this Section 6.7 and any modification of the same shall not be subject to any restrictions on amendment or modification of Awards.

 

6.8 Clawbacks. Awards shall be subject to any generally applicable clawback policy adopted by the Administrator, the Board or the Company that is communicated to the Participants or any such policy adopted to comply with Applicable Law, whether before or after the adoption date of this Plan.

 

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Article VII.
CHANGE IN CONTROL

 

7.1 Alternative Award. Unless otherwise provided in an Award Agreement, no cancellation, acceleration or other payment shall occur in connection with a Change in Control pursuant to Section 7.2 with respect to any Award or portion thereof as a result of the Change in Control if the Administrator reasonably determines in good faith, prior to the occurrence of the Change in Control, that such Award shall be honored or assumed, or new rights substituted therefor following the Change in Control (such honored, assumed or substituted award, an “Alternative Award”), provided that any Alternative Award must (i) give the Participant who held the Award rights and entitlements substantially equivalent to or better than the rights and terms applicable under the Award immediately prior to the Change in Control, including an equal or better vesting schedule and that Alternative Awards that are stock options have identical or better methods of payment of the exercise price thereof and a post-termination exercise period extending until at least the fifth anniversary of the Participant’s termination (or, if earlier, the expiration of the term of such stock options); (ii) have terms such that if a Participant’s employment is involuntarily (i.e., by the Company or its successor other than for Cause) or constructively (i.e., by the Participant with Good Reason) terminated within the twenty-four (24) months following a Change in Control at a time when any portion of the Alternative Award is unvested, the unvested portion of such Alternative Award shall immediately vest in full and such Participant shall receive (as determined by the Board prior to the Change in Control) either (1) a cash payment equal in value to the excess (if any) of the fair market value of the stock subject to the Alternative Award at the date of exercise or settlement over the price (if any) that such Participant would be required to pay to exercise such Alternative Award or (2) publicly-traded shares or equity interests equal in value (as determined by the Administrator) to the value in clause (1).

 

7.2 Accelerated Vesting and Payment. Except as otherwise provided in this Article VII or in an Award Agreement, upon a Change in Control:

 

(a) each vested and unvested Option shall be canceled in exchange for a payment equal to the excess, if any, of the Change in Control Price over the applicable Exercise Price;

 

(b) the vesting restrictions applicable to all other unvested Awards shall lapse, all such Awards shall vest and become non-forfeitable and be canceled in exchange for a payment equal to the Change in Control Price; and

 

(c) all other Awards that were vested prior to the Change in Control but that have not been settled or converted into Shares prior to the Change in Control shall be canceled in exchange for a payment equal to the Change in Control Price.

 

To the extent any portion of the Change in Control Price is payable other than in cash and/or other than at the time of the Change in Control, Award holders under the Plan shall receive the same value in respect of their Awards (less any applicable Exercise Price) as is received by the Company’s stockholders in respect of their Company Common Stock (as determined by the Administrator), and the Administrator shall determine the extent to which such value shall be paid in cash, in securities or other property, or in a combination of cash and securities or other property, consistent with applicable law. To the extent any portion of the Change in Control Price is payable other than at the time of the Change in Control, the Administrator shall determine the time and form of payment to the Award holders consistent with Section 409A of the Code and other applicable laws. Upon a Change in Control the Administrator may cancel Options for no consideration if the Fair Market Value of the Shares subject to such Options is less than or equal to the Exercise Price of such Options.

 

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Article VIII.
OTHER PROVISIONS

 

8.1 Awards Not Transferable. Except as otherwise determined by the Administrator, no Award or interest or right therein or part thereof shall be liable for the debts, contracts or engagements of the Participant or his or her successors in interest or shall be subject to disposition by transfer, alienation, anticipation, pledge, encumbrance, assignment or any other means whether such disposition be voluntary or involuntary or by operation of law, by judgment, levy, attachment, garnishment or any other legal or equitable proceedings (including bankruptcy), and any attempted disposition thereof shall be null and void and of no effect; provided, however, that nothing in this Section 8.1 shall prevent transfers by will, by the applicable laws of descent and distribution or pursuant to the beneficiary designation procedures approved by the Company pursuant to Section 8.13 or, with the prior approval of the Company, estate planning transfers.

 

8.2 Amendment, Suspension or Termination of the Plan or Award Agreements.

 

(a) The Plan may be wholly or partially amended or otherwise modified, suspended or terminated at any time or from time to time by the Administrator; provided, that without the approval of the stockholders of the Company, no amendment or modification to the Plan may (i) except as otherwise expressly provided in Section 4.3, increase the number of Shares subject to the Plan; (ii) modify the class of persons eligible for participation in the Plan or (iii) materially modify the Plan in any other way that would require stockholder approval under applicable law. Except as otherwise expressly provided in the Plan, neither the amendment, suspension or termination of the Plan shall, without the written consent of the holder of the Award, materially adversely alter or impair any rights or obligations under any Award theretofore granted.

 

(b) The Administrator at any time, and from time to time, may amend the terms of any one or more existing Award Agreements, providedhowever, that the rights of a Participant under an Award Agreement shall not be materially adversely impaired without the Participant’s written consent. The Company shall provide a Participant with notice of any amendment made to a Participant’s existing Award Agreement.

 

(c) No Award may be granted during any period of suspension nor after termination of the Plan, and in no event may any Award be granted under this Plan after the expiration of ten (10) years from the Effective Date.

 

8.3 Effect of Plan upon Other Award and Compensation Plans. The adoption of this Plan shall not affect any other compensation or incentive plans in effect for the Company or any of its Affiliates. Nothing in this Plan shall be construed to limit the right of the Company or any of its Affiliates (a) to establish any other forms of incentives or compensation for Service Providers or (b) to grant or assume options or restricted stock other than under this Plan in connection with any proper corporate purpose, including, but not by way of limitation, the grant or assumption of options or restricted stock in connection with the acquisition by purchase, lease, merger, consolidation or otherwise, of the business, stock or assets of any

 

8.4 At-Will Employment. Nothing in the Plan or any Award Agreement hereunder shall confer upon the Participant any right to continue as a Service Provider of the Company or any of its Affiliates or shall interfere with or restrict in any way the rights of the Company or any of its Affiliates, which are hereby expressly reserved, to discharge any Participant at any time for any reason whatsoever, with or without Cause.

 

180 Life Sciences Corp.

2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan

Page 11 of 13

 

 

8.5 Conformity to Securities Laws. The Plan is intended to conform to the extent necessary with all provisions of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and any and all regulations and rules promulgated under any of the foregoing, to the extent the Company, any of its Affiliates or any Participant is subject to the provisions thereof. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Plan shall be administered, and Awards shall be granted and may be exercised, only in such a manner as to conform to such laws, rules and regulations. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Plan and Awards granted hereunder shall be deemed amended to the extent necessary to conform to such laws, rules and regulations.

 

8.6 Term of Plan. The Plan was approved by the Board of Directors of the Company on the Effective Date, subject to stockholder approval. The Plan shall continue in effect, unless sooner terminated pursuant to Section 8.2, until the tenth (10th) anniversary of the Effective Date. The provisions of the Plan shall continue thereafter to govern all outstanding Awards.

 

8.7 Governing Law. To the extent not preempted by federal law, the Plan shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of Delaware regardless of the application of rules of conflict of law that would apply the laws of any other jurisdiction.

 

8.8 Severability. In the event any portion of the Plan or any action taken pursuant thereto shall be held illegal or invalid for any reason, the illegality or invalidity shall not affect the remaining parts of the Plan, and the Plan shall be construed and enforced as if the illegal or invalid provisions had not been included, and the illegal or invalid action shall be null and void.

 

8.9 Governing Documents. In the event of any express contradiction between the Plan and any Award Agreement or any other written agreement between a Participant and the Company or any Affiliate that has been approved by the Administrator, the express terms of the Plan shall govern, unless it is expressly specified in such Award Agreement or other written document that such express provision of the Plan shall not apply.

 

8.10 Withholding Taxes. In addition to any rights or obligations with respect to the federal, state, local or foreign income taxes, withholding taxes or employment taxes required to be withheld under applicable law, the Company or any Affiliate employing a Service Provider shall have the right to withhold from the Service Provider, or otherwise require the Service Provider or an assignee to pay, any such required withholding obligations arising as a result of grant, exercise, vesting or settlement of any Award or any other taxable event occurring pursuant to the Plan or any Award Agreement, including, without limitation, to the extent permitted by law, the right to deduct any such withholding obligations from any payment of any kind otherwise due to the Service Provider or to take such other actions (including, without limitation, withholding any Shares or cash deliverable pursuant to the Plan or any Award) as may be necessary to satisfy such withholding obligations.

 

180 Life Sciences Corp.

2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan

Page 12 of 13

 

 

8.11 Section 409A. To the extent applicable, the Plan and Award Agreements shall be interpreted in accordance with Section 409A of the Code and Department of Treasury regulations and other interpretive guidance issued thereunder, including without limitation any such regulations or other guidance that may be issued after the adoption of the Plan. Notwithstanding any provision of the Plan to the contrary, in the event that following the adoption of the Plan, the Administrator determines that any Award may be subject to Section 409A of the Code and related regulations and Department of Treasury guidance (including such Department of Treasury guidance as may be issued after the adoption of the Plan), the Administrator may adopt such amendments to the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement or adopt other policies and procedures (including amendments, policies and procedures with retroactive effect), or take any other actions, that the Administrator determines are necessary or appropriate to (a) exempt the Award from Section 409A of the Code and/or preserve the intended tax treatment of the benefits provided with respect to the Award, (b) comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code and related Department of Treasury guidance or (c) comply with any correction procedures available with respect to Section 409A of the Code. Notwithstanding anything else contained in this Plan or any Award Agreement to the contrary, if a Service Provider is a “specified employee” at the time of the Service Provider’s “separation from service” (as determined under Section 409A of the Code) then, to the extent necessary to comply with, and avoid imposition on such Service Provider of any tax penalty imposed under, Section 409A of the Code, any payment required to be made to a Service Provider hereunder upon or following his or her separation from service shall be delayed until the first to occur of (i) the six-month anniversary of the Service Provider’s separation from service and (ii) the Service Provider’s death. Should payments be delayed in accordance with the preceding sentence, the accumulated payment that would have been made but for the period of the delay shall be paid in a single lump sum during the ten (10) day period following the lapsing of the delay period. No provision of this Plan or an Award Agreement shall be construed to indemnify any Service Provider for any taxes incurred by reason of Section 409A (or timing of incurrence thereof), other than an express indemnification provision therefor.

 

8.12 Notices. Except as provided otherwise in an Award Agreement, all notices and other communications required or permitted to be given under this Plan or any Award Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been given if delivered personally, sent by email or any other form of electronic transfer approved by the Administrator, sent by certified or express mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, or by any recognized international equivalent of such delivery, (i) in the case of notices and communications to the Company, to its current business address and to the attention of the Corporate Secretary of the Company or (ii) in the case of a Participant, to the last known address, or email address or, where the individual is an employee of the Company or one of its Subsidiaries, to the individual’s workplace address or email address or by other means of electronic transfer acceptable to the Administrator. All such notices and communications shall be deemed to have been received on the date of delivery, if sent by email or any other form of electronic transfer, at the time of dispatch or on the third business day after the mailing thereof.

 

8.13 Beneficiary Designation. Each Participant under the Plan may from time to time pursuant to procedures approved by the Company name any beneficiary or beneficiaries by whom any right under the Plan is to be exercised in case of such Participant’s death.

 

180 Life Sciences Corp.

2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan

Page 13 of 13

Exhibit 10.5

 

Option Number [Option Number]

 

180 LIFE SCIENCES CORP.

 

2025 SUPPLEMENTAL OPTION INCENTIVE PLAN

 

STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT

 

Unless otherwise defined herein, the terms in the Stock Option Agreement (the “Option Agreement”) have the same meanings as defined in the 180 Life Sciences Corp. 2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan (as amended from time to time)(the “Plan”).

 

I. NOTICE OF STOCK OPTION GRANT

 

Optionee: [Holder Name]

 

Address: ___________________________________

 

You have been granted an Option to purchase Company Common Stock of the Company (the “Option”), subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan and this Option Agreement, as follows:

 

Grant Date: July 29, 2025

 

Vesting Commencement Date: The Closing Date (defined below)

 

Exercise Price per Share: $2.92

 

Total Number of Shares Granted: [Total Shares]

 

Total Exercise Price: $[Total Exercise Price]

 

Type of Option: Non-Qualified Stock Option

 

Expiration Date: July 29, 2035, or if the Closing Date has not occurred by the end of the tenth (10th) day following the Grant Date, the end of the tenth (10th) day following the Grant Date

 

Exercise Limitations: Following the Grant Date, but prior to the later of (a) the Closing Date; and (b) the Stockholder Approval Date (as defined below), no Options can be exercised under this Option, and if Stockholder Approval is not received by the first anniversary of the Grant Date, this Stock Option Agreement and all rights hereunder (including, but not limited to the rights to subscribe for the Options and/or receive any Shares) shall automatically terminate and the Optionee shall not have any rights thereunder whatsoever (collectively, the “Nasdaq Pre-Approval Requirements” and as applicable, an “Automatic Termination”). Stockholder Approval for the Plan is to be obtained in accordance with the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, each as amended, and Applicable Law (the “Stockholder Approval” and the date of such Stockholder Approval, the “Stockholder Approval Date”).

 

 

Vesting Schedule: The Options shall vest in full on the Closing Date.

 

To the extent vested, and subject to the Stockholder Approval, this Option will be exercisable at any time prior to the Expiration Date, set forth above.

 

Closing Date” has the meaning provided for in that certain Securities Purchase Agreement by and between the Company and each of the investors party thereto, dated on or around the Grant Date.

 

In connection with the Company’s entry into this Option Agreement, the Company agrees to use commercially reasonable best efforts to seek Stockholder Approval for the Plan at a special meeting of stockholders of the Company to be held as soon as reasonably practicable following the Closing Date.

 

Legends.

 

(a) All certificates representing the Shares issued upon exercise of this Option shall, prior to such date as the Plan and Company Common Stock hereunder are covered by a valid Form S-8 or similar U.S. federal registration statement, where applicable, have endorsed thereon the following legend:

 

THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED OR QUALIFIED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION, AND MAY BE OFFERED AND SOLD ONLY IF REGISTERED AND QUALIFIED PURSUANT TO THE RELEVANT PROVISIONS OF U.S. FEDERAL, STATE AND FOREIGN SECURITIES LAWS OR IF THE COMPANY IS PROVIDED AN OPINION OF COUNSEL SATISFACTORY TO THE COMPANY THAT REGISTRATION AND QUALIFICATION UNDER U.S. FEDERAL, STATE AND FOREIGN SECURITIES LAWS IS NOT REQUIRED.

 

(b) If the Option is an incentive stock option (ISO), then the following legend will be included:

 

THE SHARES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE WERE ISSUED UPON EXERCISE OF AN INCENTIVE STOCK OPTION, AND THE COMPANY MUST BE NOTIFIED IF THE SHARES SHALL BE TRANSFERRED BEFORE THE LATER OF THE TWO (2) YEAR ANNIVERSARY OF THE DATE OF GRANT OF THE OPTION OR THE ONE (1) YEAR ANNIVERSARY OF THE DATE ON WHICH THE OPTION WAS EXERCISED. THE REGISTERED HOLDER MAY RECOGNIZE ORDINARY INCOME IF THE SHARES ARE TRANSFERRED BEFORE SUCH DATE.

 

2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan Stock Option Agreement

Option Number [Option Number]

Page 2 of 9

 

II. AGREEMENT

 

1. Grant of Option. The Administrator grants to the Optionee named in the Notice of Stock Option Grant in Part I of this Option Agreement, an Option to purchase the number of Shares set forth in the Notice of Stock Option Grant, at the exercise price per Share set forth in the Notice of Stock Option Grant (the “Exercise Price”), and subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, which is incorporated herein by reference. In the event of a conflict between the terms and conditions of the Plan and this Option Agreement, the terms and conditions of the Plan prevail.

 

If designated in the Notice of Stock Option Grant as an Incentive Stock Option, this Option is intended to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option as defined in Code section 422. Nevertheless, to the extent that it exceeds the $100,000 rule of Code section 422(d), this Option will be treated as a Nonstatutory/Non-Qualified Stock Option.

 

2. Exercise of Option.

 

(a) Right to Exercise. This Option is exercisable, subject to Stockholder Approval, during its term in accordance with the Vesting Schedule set out in the Notice of Stock Option Grant and with the applicable provisions of the Plan and this Option Agreement.

 

(b) Method of Exercise. This Option is exercisable by (i) delivery of an exercise notice in the form attached as Exhibit A (the “Exercise Notice”) or in a manner and pursuant to procedures as the Administrator may determine, which will state the election to exercise the Option, the number of Shares with respect to which the Option is being exercised, and other representations and agreements as may be required by the Company and (ii) paying the Company in full the aggregate Exercise Price as to all Shares being acquired, together with any applicable tax withholding.

 

This Option will be deemed to be exercised upon receipt by the Company of a fully executed Exercise Notice accompanied by the aggregate Exercise Price, together with any applicable tax withholding.

 

No Shares will be issued pursuant to the exercise of an Option unless the issuance and exercise of Shares complies with applicable state and federal laws (“Applicable Laws”). Assuming compliance, for income tax purposes the Shares will be considered transferred to the Optionee on the date on which the Option is exercised with respect to the Shares.

 

3. Method of Payment. The aggregate Exercise Price may be paid by any of the following, or a combination thereof, at the election of the Optionee:

 

(a) cash;

 

(b) check;

 

(c) to the extent not prohibited by Section 402 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, a promissory note;

 

(d) other shares of Company Common Stock, provided Shares have a Fair Market Value on the date of surrender equal to the aggregate exercise price of the Shares as to which said Option will be exercised;

 

(e) if the Optionee is an employee of the Company at the time of exercise, by asking the Company to withhold Shares from the total Shares to be delivered upon exercise equal to the number of Shares having a value equal to the aggregate Exercise Price of the Shares being acquired;

 

(f) any combination of the foregoing methods of payment; or

 

(g) such other consideration and method of payment for the issuance of Shares to the extent permitted by Applicable Laws.

 

4. Restrictions on Exercise. This Option may not be exercised if the issuance of such Shares upon such exercise or the method of payment of consideration for such shares would constitute a violation of any Applicable Laws. The Company will be relieved of any liability with respect to any delayed issuance of shares or its failure to issue shares if such delay or failure is necessary to comply with Applicable Laws.

 

5. Non-Transferability of Option. This Option may not be transferred in any manner otherwise than by will or by the laws of descent or distribution, except to an entity wholly-owned by the Optionee, which is an alter ego of the Grantee pursuant to applicable SEC rules and interpretations, and may be exercised during the lifetime of Optionee only by Optionee (or if the Optionee is an alter ego of an individual, the lifetime of the individual). The terms of the Plan and this Option Agreement are binding upon the executors, administrators, heirs, successors and assigns of the Optionee.

 

6. Term of Option. This Option may be exercised only within the term set out in the Notice of Stock Option Grant, and may be exercised during the term only in accordance with the Plan and the terms of this Option.

 

2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan Stock Option Agreement

Option Number [Option Number]

Page 3 of 9

 

7. Tax Obligations.

 

(a) Withholding Taxes. Optionee agrees to arrange for the satisfaction of all Federal, state, local and foreign income and employment tax withholding requirements applicable to the Option exercise. Optionee acknowledges and agrees that the Company may refuse to honor the exercise and refuse to deliver the Shares if withholding amounts are not delivered at the time of exercise.

 

(b) Notice of Disqualifying Disposition of ISO Shares. If the Option granted to Optionee is an Incentive Stock Option (“ISO”), and if Optionee sells or otherwise disposes of any of the Shares acquired pursuant to the ISO on or before the later of (i) the date two (2) years after the Grant Date, or (ii) the date one (1) year after the date of exercise, the Optionee must immediately notify the Company of the disposition in writing. Optionee agrees that Optionee may be subject to income tax withholding by the Company on the compensation income recognized by the Optionee.

 

(c) Code Section 409A. Under Code section 409A, an Option that was granted with a per Share exercise price that is determined by the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) to be less than the Fair Market Value of a Share on the Grant Date (a “discount option”) may be considered deferred compensation. An Option that is a discount option may result in (i) income recognition by the Optionee prior to the exercise of the Option, (ii) an additional twenty percent (20%) tax, and (iii) potential penalty and interest charges. Optionee acknowledges that the Company cannot and has not guaranteed that the IRS will agree that the per Share Exercise Price of this Option equals or exceeds Fair Market Value of a Share on the Grant Date in a later examination. Optionee agrees that if the IRS determines that the Option was granted with a per Share exercise price that was less than the Fair Market Value of a Share on the Grant Date, Optionee will be solely responsible for any and all resulting tax consequences.

 

8. No Guarantee of Continued Service. OPTIONEE ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT THE VESTING OF SHARES PURSUANT TO THE VESTING SCHEDULE HEREOF IS EARNED ONLY BY CONTINUING AS AN EMPLOYEE AND/OR DIRECTOR (AS APPLICABLE) AT THE WILL OF THE COMPANY (OR THE PARENT OR SUBSIDIARY EMPLOYING OR RETAINING OPTIONEE) AND NOT THROUGH THE ACT OF BEING HIRED, BEING GRANTED THIS OPTION OR ACQUIRING SHARES HEREUNDER. OPTIONEE FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT THIS OPTION AGREEMENT, THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREUNDER AND THE VESTING SCHEDULE SET FORTH HEREIN DO NOT CONSTITUTE AN EXPRESS OR IMPLIED PROMISE OF CONTINUED ENGAGEMENT AS AN EMPLOYEE AND/OR DIRECTOR (AS APPLICABLE) FOR THE VESTING PERIOD, FOR ANY PERIOD, OR AT ALL, AND WILL NOT INTERFERE IN ANY WAY WITH OPTIONEE’S RIGHT OR THE RIGHT OF THE COMPANY (OR THE PARENT OR SUBSIDIARY EMPLOYING OR RETAINING OPTIONEE) TO TERMINATE OPTIONEE’S RELATIONSHIP AS AN EMPLOYEE OR DIRECTOR AT ANY TIME, WITH OR WITHOUT CAUSE.

 

9. Notices. All notices or other communications which are required or permitted hereunder will be in writing and sufficient if (i) personally delivered or sent by telecopy, (ii) sent by nationally-recognized overnight courier or (iii) sent by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, addressed as follows:

 

(a) if to the Optionee, to the address (or telecopy number) set forth on the Notice of Stock Option Grant; and

 

(b) if to the Company, to its principal executive office as specified in any report filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission or to such address as the Company may have specified to the Optionee in writing, Attention: Corporate Secretary;

 

or to any other address as the party to whom notice is to be given may have furnished to the other party in writing in accordance herewith. Any communication will be deemed to have been given (i) when delivered, if personally delivered, or when telecopied, if telecopied, (ii) on the first Business Day (as hereinafter defined) after dispatch, if sent by nationally-recognized overnight courier and (iii) on the fourth Business Day following the date on which the piece of mail containing the communication is posted, if sent by mail. As used herein, “Business Day” means a day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in the city to which the notice or communication is to be sent are not required to be open.

 

10. Specific Performance. Optionee expressly agrees that the Company will be irreparably damaged if the provisions of this Option Agreement and the Plan are not specifically enforced. Upon a breach or threatened breach of the terms, covenants and/or conditions of this Option Agreement or the Plan by the Optionee, the Company will, in addition to all other remedies, be entitled to a temporary or permanent injunction, without showing any actual damage, and/or decree for specific performance, in accordance with the provisions hereof and thereof. The Administrator has the power to determine what constitutes a breach or threatened breach of this Option Agreement or the Plan. The Administrator’s determinations will be final and conclusive and binding upon the Optionee.

 

2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan Stock Option Agreement

Option Number [Option Number]

Page 4 of 9

 

11. No Waiver. No waiver of any breach or condition of this Option Agreement will be deemed to be a waiver of any other or subsequent breach or condition, whether of like or different nature.

 

12. Optionee Undertaking. The Optionee agrees to take whatever additional actions and execute whatever additional documents the Company may in its reasonable judgment deem necessary or advisable in order to carry out or effect one or more of the obligations or restrictions imposed on the Optionee pursuant to the express provisions of this Option Agreement.

 

13. Modification of Rights. The rights of the Optionee are subject to modification and termination in certain events as provided in this Option Agreement and the Plan.

 

14. Governing Law. This Agreement is governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to its conflict or choice of law principles that might otherwise refer construction or interpretation of this Agreement to the substantive law of another jurisdiction.

 

15. Counterparts; Facsimile Execution. This Option Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which will be deemed to be an original, but all of which together constitute one and the same instrument. Facsimile execution and delivery of this Option Agreement is legal, valid and binding execution and delivery for all purposes.

 

16. Entire Agreement. The Plan, this Option Agreement, and upon execution, the Exercise Notice, constitute the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede in their entirety all prior undertakings and agreements of the Company and Optionee with respect to the subject matter hereof, and may not be modified adversely to the Optionee’s interest except by means of a writing signed by the Company and Optionee.

 

17. Severability. In the event one or more of the provisions of this Option Agreement should, for any reason, be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability will not affect any other provisions of this Option Agreement, and this Option Agreement will be construed as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein.

 

18. WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. THE OPTIONEE EXPRESSLY, IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY WAIVES TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL ACTION OR PROCEEDING RELATING TO THIS OPTION AGREEMENT AND FOR ANY COUNTERCLAIM THEREIN.

 

 

[Remainder of page left intentionally blank.]

 

2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan Stock Option Agreement

Option Number [Option Number]

Page 5 of 9

 

Optionee acknowledges receipt of a copy of the Plan and represents that he or she is familiar with the terms and provisions thereof, and accepts this Option subject to all of the terms and provisions thereof. Optionee has reviewed the Plan and this Option in their entirety, has had an opportunity to obtain the advice of counsel prior to executing this Option and fully understands all provisions of the Option. Optionee agrees to accept as binding, conclusive and final all decisions or interpretations of the Administrator upon any questions arising under the Plan or this Option. Optionee further agrees to notify the Company upon any change in the residence address indicated below.

 

OPTIONEE    180 LIFE SCIENCES CORP.
     
Signature     By:  
     
Print Name: «Holder_Name»   Print Name:  
     
Address     Address:  
         
         
     
Date Signed:     Date Signed:  

 

2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan Stock Option Agreement

Option Number [Option Number]

Page 6 of 9

 

EXHIBIT A

 

2025 SUPPLEMENTAL OPTION INCENTIVE PLAN

 

EXERCISE NOTICE

 

180 Life Sciences Corp.

3000 El Camino Real, Bldg. 4, Suite 200

Palo Alto, California 94306

 

Attention: 180 Life Sciences Corp., Corporate Secretary

 

1. Exercise of Option. Effective as of today, _____________, _____, «Holder_Name» (“Optionee”) elects to exercise Optionee’s option to purchase ___________ shares of the Company Common Stock (the “Shares”) of 180 Life Sciences Corp. (the “Company”) under and pursuant to the 180 Life Sciences Corp. 2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan (as amended from time to time, the “Plan”) and the Stock Option Agreement effective July 29, 2025 (the “Option Agreement”).

 

2. Delivery of Payment. Optionee herewith delivers to the Company the full purchase price of the Shares, as set forth in the Option Agreement, and any and all withholding taxes due in connection with the exercise of the Option.

 

3. Representations of Optionee. Optionee acknowledges that Optionee has received, read and understood the Plan and the Option Agreement and agrees to abide by and be bound by their terms and conditions.

 

4. Rights as Stockholder. Until the issuance of the Shares (as evidenced by the appropriate entry on the books of the Company or of a duly authorized transfer agent of the Company), no right to vote or receive dividends or any other rights as a stockholder exists with respect to the Optioned Stock, notwithstanding the exercise of the Option. Subject to the requirements of Section 6 below, the Shares will be issued to the Optionee as soon as practicable after the Option is exercised in accordance with the Option Agreement. No adjustment will be made for a dividend or other right for which the record date is prior to the date of issuance except as provided in the Plan.

 

5. Tax Consultation. Optionee understands that Optionee may suffer adverse tax consequences as a result of Optionee’s purchase or disposition of the Shares. Optionee represents that Optionee has consulted with any tax consultants Optionee deems advisable in connection with the purchase or disposition of the Shares and that Optionee is not relying on the Company for any tax advice.

 

6. Refusal to Transfer. The Company will not (i) transfer on its books any Shares that have been sold or otherwise transferred in violation of any of the provisions of this Exercise Notice, or (ii) be required to treat as owner of such Shares or to accord the right to vote or pay dividends to any purchaser or other transferee to whom such Shares have been so transferred.

 

7. Successors and Assigns. The Company may assign any of its rights under this Exercise Notice to single or multiple assignees, and this Exercise Notice inures to the benefit of the successors and assigns of the Company. Subject to the restrictions on transfer herein set forth, this Exercise Notice is binding upon Optionee and his or her heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns.

 

8. Interpretation. Any dispute regarding the interpretation of this Exercise Notice will be submitted by Optionee or by the Company forthwith to the Administrator for review at its next regular meeting. The resolution of disputes by the Administrator will be final and binding on all parties.

 

2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan Stock Option Agreement

Option Number [Option Number]

Page 7 of 9

 

9. Governing Law; Severability. This Exercise Notice is governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to its conflict or choice of law principles that might otherwise refer construction or interpretation of this Exercise to the substantive law of another jurisdiction. In the event that any provision hereof becomes or is declared by a court of competent jurisdiction to be illegal, unenforceable or void, this Exercise Notice will continue in full force and effect.

 

10. Optionee Representations.

 

(a) With respect to a transaction occurring prior to such date as the Plan and Company Common Stock thereunder are covered by a valid Form S-8 or similar U.S. federal registration statement, Optionee agrees that in no event shall Optionee make a disposition of any of the Company Common Stock, unless and until: (i) Optionee shall have notified the Company of the proposed disposition and shall have furnished the Company with a statement of the circumstances surrounding the proposed disposition; and (ii) Optionee shall have furnished the Company with an opinion of counsel satisfactory to the Company to the effect that (A) such disposition will not require registration or qualification of such Company Common Stock under applicable U.S. federal, state or foreign securities laws or (B) appropriate action necessary for compliance with the U.S. federal, state or foreign securities laws has been taken; or (iii) the Company shall have waived, expressly and in writing, its rights under clauses (i) and (ii) of this Subsection.

 

(b) Optionee understands that if a registration statement covering the Company Common Stock under the Securities Act is not in effect when Optionee desires to sell the Company Common Stock, Optionee may be required to hold the Company Common Stock for an indeterminate period. Optionee also acknowledges that Optionee understands that any sale of the Company Common Stock which might be made by Optionee in reliance upon Rule 144 under the Securities Act may be made only in limited amounts in accordance with the terms and conditions of that Rule.

 

11. Other Documents. Optionee hereby acknowledges receipt or the right to receive a document providing the information required by Rule 428(b)(1) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, including, but not limited to, the information required by Part I of Form S-8, if applicable.

 

12. Notices. Any notice required or permitted hereunder will be provided in writing and deemed effective if provided in the manner specified in the Option Agreement.

 

13. Further Instruments. The parties agree to execute any further instruments and to take any further action as may be reasonably necessary to carry out the purposes and intent of the Option Agreement and this Exercise Notice.

 

14. Entire Agreement. The Plan and Option Agreement are incorporated herein by reference. This Exercise Notice, the Plan, and the Option Agreement constitute the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede in their entirety all prior undertakings and agreements of the Company and Optionee with respect to the subject matter hereof, and may not be modified adversely to the Optionee’s interest except by means of a writing signed by the Company and Optionee.

 

[Signature page follows.]

 

2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan Stock Option Agreement

Option Number [Option Number]

Page 8 of 9

 

Submitted by:   Accepted by:  
     
OPTIONEE   180 LIFE SCIENCES CORP.
     
Signature______________________   By: _______________________________
     
Print Name: [Holder Name]   Print Name: __________________________
     
Address: ________________________    
     
    Date Received: ________________________

 

2025 Supplemental Option Incentive Plan Stock Option Agreement

Option Number [Option Number]

Page 9 of 9

Exhibit 10.6

 

FIRST AMENDMENT TO

AMENDED AND RESTATED EXECUTIVE CONSULTING AGREEMENT

 

This First Amendment to Amended and Restated Executive Consulting Agreement (this “Amendment”), dated July __, 2025, and effective for all purposes as of July __, 2025 (the “Effective Date”), amends that certain Amended and Restated Executive Consulting Agreement dated June 17, 2025 (the “Consulting Agreement”), by and between Blair Jordan Strategy and Finance Consulting Inc. (the “Consultant”), Blair Jordan, an individual (“Jordan”), and 180 Life Sciences Corp., a Delaware corporation (“180 Life”), on, and subject to, the terms below. Certain capitalized terms used below but not otherwise defined shall have the meanings given to such terms in the Consulting Agreement.

 

WHEREAS, Consultant and 180 Life desire to enter into this Amendment to amend the Consulting Agreement on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth below.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants, agreements, and considerations herein contained, and other good and valuable consideration, which consideration the parties hereby acknowledge and confirm the receipt and sufficiency thereof, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

1. Amendments to Consulting Agreement. Effective as of the Effective Date:

 

(a) Section 2.1 of the Consulting Agreement is hereby amended and restated to read in its entirety as follows:

 

“2.1 The Company will pay the Consultant an annual consulting fee of $240,000 from the Effective Date until the closing date of the transactions contemplated by that certain Securities Purchase Agreement between the Company and certain investors party thereto dated on or around July 29, 2025 (the “Transaction Closing Date”), to be paid in twelve, equal monthly installments, with each installment payable monthly in arrears, in respect of the Services (the “Fee”). On the Transaction Closing Date, the Fee will increase to $450,000 (the “Increased Fee”). No deductions from source will be made on account of income taxes or employment insurance. All payments made pursuant to this Agreement will be made to the Consultant. In the event the Transaction Closing Date does not occur by August 7, 2025, no Increased Fee shall apply.”

 

(b) A new Section 4.14 shall be added to the Consulting Agreement, and shall read in its entirety as follows:

 

“4.14 Agreed Transition. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, including Section 4.3, if at any time following the Transaction Closing Date, the Company and Consultant mutually agree that the CEO shall step down from the role of Chief Executive Officer of the Company and cease providing services under this Agreement (an “Agreed Transition”), and such departure is not characterized by the Company as a termination for “just cause” or by the Consultant as a resignation for “good reason,” the Consultant shall be entitled to receive, and the Company shall pay, at least the full amounts set forth in Section 4.3 as if the Consultant had been terminated without “just cause,” including, for the avoidance of doubt, the Extended Obligations described therein. The parties agree that an Agreed Transition shall not be deemed a termination for “just cause” or a resignation without “good reason” and shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as a mutually agreed separation on economic terms equivalent to a termination without “just cause.” Any such Agreed Transition must be documented in writing and signed by both parties and such amounts due to the Consultant will be paid on the effective date of the Agreed Transition. At the request of the Company, such Agreed Transition shall be conditioned on the Consultant and the CEO entering into a customary release agreement in favor of the Company.”

 

Page 1 of 3

First Amendment to Amended and Restated Executive Consulting Agreement [Jordan and 180]

 

 

2. Effect of Amendment. Upon the effectiveness of this Amendment, each reference in the Consulting Agreement to “Consulting Agreement”, “Agreement,” “hereunder,” “hereof,” “herein” or words of like import shall mean and be a reference to such Consulting Agreement, as applicable, as modified and amended hereby.

 

3. Governing Law. This Amendment shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without reference to conflicts of law principles.

 

4. Heirs, Successors and Assigns. This Amendment shall bind and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns. Neither party shall be able to assign this Amendment without the prior written consent of the other party.

 

5. Counterparts and Signatures. This Amendment and any signed agreement or instrument entered into in connection with this Amendment, and any amendments hereto or thereto, may be executed in one or more counterparts, all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument. Any such counterpart, to the extent delivered by means of a facsimile machine or by .pdf, .tif, .gif, .jpg or similar attachment to electronic mail (any such delivery, an “Electronic Delivery”) shall be treated in all manner and respects as an original executed counterpart and shall be considered to have the same binding legal effect as if it were the original signed version thereof delivered in person. No party shall raise the use of Electronic Delivery to deliver a signature or the fact that any signature or agreement or instrument was transmitted or communicated through the use of Electronic Delivery as a defense to the formation of a contract, and each such party forever waives any such defense, except to the extent such defense relates to lack of authenticity.

 

[Remainder of page left intentionally blank. Signature page follows.]

 

Page 2 of 3

First Amendment to Amended and Restated Executive Consulting Agreement [Jordan and 180]

 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Amendment as of the day and year first above written to be effective as of the Effective Date.

 

CONSULTANT  
   
  By: /s/ Blair Jordan
  BLAIR JORDAN STRATEGY AND FINANCE CONSULTING INC.

 

JORDAN  
   
/s/ Blair Jordan  
Blair Jordan  
   
180 LIFE  

 

  180 Life Sciences Corp.
     
  By: /s/ Ryan Smith
     
  Its: Lead Director
     
  Printed Name:  Ryan Smith

 

Page 3 of 3

First Amendment to Amended and Restated Executive Consulting Agreement [Jordan and 180]

 

Exhibit 10.8

  

 

July 21, 2025

 

Dear Mr. Rudisill:

 

On behalf of 180 Life Sciences Corp., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), I am pleased to extend to you an offer to join the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”), effective upon approval of your appointment by the Board of Directors. This offer is contingent upon (i) your completion of the enclosed Officers, Directors, Managers and Principal Stockholders Questionnaire and Supplemental Questionnaire for Director Nominees, (ii) your confirmation of the enclosed Policy on Insider Trading and Policy on Control and Disclosure of Confidential Information, and (iii) formal approval of your appointment by the Board.

 

The Company’s current schedule includes approximately four regular meetings of the Board, which are currently held via Zoom, plus additional special meetings as called by the Board from time to time which usually take place via Zoom. In addition to your attendance at Board meetings, we expect to take advantage of your expertise by reaching out to you for advice and counsel between meetings. To the extent that you are appointed as a member of the Audit Committee, you will need to meet at least quarterly with the other members of the committee.

 

As a member of the Board, you will owe fiduciary duties to the Company and its stockholders, such as the duty of care, duty of loyalty and the duty of disclosure, which include protecting Company proprietary information from unauthorized use or disclosure.

 

The following summarizes the compensation that will be provided to you effective upon your appointment to the Board, and subject to approval by the Board:

 

Cash Fees: Initially, your cash compensation will consist of $350,000 per year as an annual retainer fee for serving on the Board which compensation shall be paid monthly. There is an expectation that you will serve as an independent Board member and that you will serve on at lease one committee. All such appointments are subject to the Board’s discretion. The Company does not pay incremental fees for attendance of Board meetings or telephone/Zoom conferences but will reimburse you for reasonable travel expenses for attending in-person Board meetings and other Board-related expenses, subject to compliance with the Company’s reimbursement policies.

 

 

 

 

 

The compensation set forth above is subject to change from time to time in the future as determined by the Board. In addition, the Company’s option plan outlines change in control provisions, termination rights, and other matters related to the option grants.

 

Enclosed are the following documents for your completion:

 

Officers, Directors, Managers and Principal Stockholders Questionnaire and Supplemental Questionnaire for Director Nominees; and

 

Policy on Insider Trading and Policy on Control and Disclosure of Confidential Information

 

This offer is submitted to you with the understanding that you will tender your resignation as a member of the Board in the event that you are not in compliance with the Company’s then applicable policies, codes or charters (including those set forth above). Should you accept this offer, you are representing to us that you (i) do not know of any conflict which would restrict your ability to serve on the Board and (ii) will not provide the Company with any documents, records, or other confidential information in violation of the rights of other parties.

 

Consistent with the Company’s governing documents, while the Board has authority to appoint you as a member of the Board, your continued service on the Board will be subject to stockholder approval at the next annual meeting of stockholders relating to the applicable Class of Directors to which you are appointed. Nothing in this offer should be construed to interfere with or otherwise restrict in any way the rights of the Company and the Company’s stockholders to remove any individual from the Board at any time in accordance with the provisions of applicable law.

 

You will also be entitled to indemnification for your services as a Board member in accordance with the Company’s standard form of indemnification agreement, a copy of which will be provided to you upon your appointment, and the governing documents of the Company.

 

You are free to end your relationship as a member of the Board at any time and for any reason. In addition, your right to serve as a member of the Board is subject to the provisions of the Company’s charter documents.

 

The terms in this letter agreement supersede any other agreements or promises made to you by anyone, whether oral or written, and comprise the final, complete and exclusive agreement between you and the Company regarding your service on the Board. Nothing in this letter should be construed as an offer of employment.

 

While you serve on the Board, you will be expected to notify the Company’s legal department of any conflicts of interests that may arise with respect to the Company.

 

I hope that you will accept our offer to join the Company’s Board of Directors and look forward to a productive future relationship. If you agree with the above, please indicate your agreement with these terms and accept this offer by signing and dating this letter below.

 

Sincerely,  
   
   
Blair Jordan  
Chief Executive Officer  

 

Acknowledged and Agreed:  
   
/s/ McAndrew Rudisill  
McAndrew Rudisill  
   
Date: July 21, 2025  

 

 

 

 

 

Exhibit 99.1

 

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

 

180 Life Sciences Announce an Upsized $425 Million Private Placement to Establish an Ether Treasury Reserve Led by Consortium of Digital Asset Leaders to Launch ETHZilla

 

180 Life Sciences announces entry into PIPE funding documents to raise $425 million in gross proceeds to launch next generation Ethereum treasury strategy and planned rebranding to ETHZilla

 

Palo Alto, Calif. – July 29, 2025 – 180 Life Sciences Corp. (Nasdaq: ATNF) (the “Company” or “180 Life Sciences”) today announced that it plans to adopt a treasury policy under which the principal holding in its treasury reserve will be Ether (“ETH”), the native digital asset of Ethereum. Following the closing of the transaction, the Company intends to rebrand to ETHZilla Corporation.

 

Transaction Overview

 

The offering consists of an approximately $425 million private investment in public equity transaction (“PIPE”) for the purchase and sale of common stock (and pre-funded warrants, if applicable) at a purchase price of $2.65 per share. The investors will be granted registration rights as part of the transaction. The PIPE transaction is expected to close on or around August 1, 2025, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions. In addition, the Company has approval to sell an aggregate amount of up to $150 million in debt securities and expects to announce an offering following the closing of the PIPE. The consummation of any subsequent offering is subject to the satisfaction and completion of definitive documentation.

 

Upon closing, the Company intends to use the net proceeds from the offering primarily for the purchase of ETH, as well as general corporate purposes and transaction expenses. The Company’s current management team and a majority of the Company’s directors will remain in place.

 

Over 60 institutional and crypto-native investors in the PIPE transaction including Harbour Island, Electric Capital, Polychain Capital, GSR, Omicron Technologies, Konstantin Lomashuk (Co-Founder Lido and p2p.org), Sreeram Kannan (Founder, Eigenlayer), Mike Silagadze (Founder, Ether.fi), Danny Ryan (Co-Founder, Etherealize), Vivek Raman (Co-Founder, Etherealize), Sam Kazemanian (Co-Founder, Frax), Grant Hummer (Co-Founder of Etherealize), Robert Leshner (Founder, Compound and Superstate), Tarun Chitra (Founder, Gauntlet) and several other prominent Ethereum ecosystem founders and leaders.

 

“The Ethereum network has a market cap over $450 billion today, which exceeds many of the most well-known companies in the world and powers some of the major innovations taking the global financial system by storm today,” said McAndrew Rudisill, who is expected become chairman of the board of directors of the Company at closing. “Our strategy at closing aims to allow investors to access exposure to a strong-yield potential ecosystem at the heart of the stablecoin and tokenized asset markets. At closing, we expect to assemble an incredible team of well-regarded veterans across traditional finance and decentralized finance (DeFi) to help guide this new chapter in the Company’s journey.”

 

At closing, Electric Capital will serve as the external asset manager for the Company, and plans to implement a differentiated, on-chain yield generation program. This program will be designed with the goal of outperforming traditional ETH staking, while maintaining robust risk management, seeking to leverage a combination of staking, lending, liquidity provisioning and bespoke private agreements.

 

 

 

“We believe that this planned strategy reflects a strong, long-term investment approach that can be supported by a highly capable team and a transformative transaction,” said Blair Jordan, CEO of the Company. “We plan to execute a differentiated investment approach that will be designed to provide a straightforward opportunity for investors to participate in the growth of Ethereum through the public markets.”

 

“The Company aims to differentiate itself from other Ethereum treasury strategy players by its commitment to and collaboration with the builders and allocators who have brought the ecosystem to prominence,” said Etherealize CEO, Vivek Raman, who is expected to serve as a strategic advisor to the Company. “As we arrive at the ten-year anniversary of Ethereum, we’re proud to partner with the Company to support a treasury strategy that will be community-designed and strategically deployed.”

 

Investment Highlights

 

The Company expects to be positioned to deliver immediate value to shareholders upon the close of this transaction, and through the execution of its long-term investment strategy to acquire ETH and generate yield using the Company’s ETH treasury.

 

The Company plans to launch with a key partner in Etherealize. Etherealize brings key strategic partnerships with current leaders in the Ethereum ecosystem which may provide ongoing marketing and amplification value to the Company’s Treasury Strategy.

 

At closing, Etherealize and a consortium of leading DeFi builders will act as a DeFi Council to offer input to the Company on how it may use its treasury to generate outsized yield while also benefiting the Ethereum ecosystem. The DeFi Council team members bring extensive experience as the creators of many of the critical DeFi protocols in use today.

 

Advisors

 

Clear Street LLC acted as financial advisor and exclusive placement agent for the PIPE offering. The Loev Law Firm, PC and Reed Smith LLP acted as legal advisors to the Company. Gunderson Dettmer Stough Villeneuve Franklin & Hachigian, LLP acted as legal advisor to Electric Capital. Paul Hastings LLP acted as legal advisor to the placement agent.

 

Securities Act Disclaimer

 

The offer and sale of the foregoing securities is being made in a private placement in reliance on an exemption from the registration requirement of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and/or Regulation D promulgated thereunder, and applicable state securities laws. Accordingly, the securities offered in the private placement may not be offered or sold in the United States except pursuant to an effective registration statement or an applicable exemption from the registration requirement of the Securities Act and such applicable state securities laws. Concurrently with the execution of the securities purchase agreements, the Company and the investors entered into a registration rights agreement pursuant to which the Company has agreed to file a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) registering the resale of the shares of common stock. Any offering of the Company's common stock under the resale registration statement will only be made by means of a prospectus. The securities have not been registered under the Securities Act and may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an applicable exemption from registration requirements.

 

2

 

 

This press release shall not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy these securities, nor shall there be any sale of these securities in any state or other jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to the registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such state or other jurisdiction.

 

Forward Looking Statements

 

This press release includes “forward-looking statements”, including information about management’s view of the Company’s future expectations, plans and prospects, within the safe harbor provisions under The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Act”). Words such as “expect,” “estimate,” “project,” “budget,” “forecast,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “may,” “will,” “could,” “should,” “believes,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue” and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve significant risks and uncertainties that could cause the actual results to differ materially from the expected results and, consequently, you should not rely on these forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. These forward-looking statements and factors that may cause such differences include, without limitation, statements relating to the closing of the offering, which is subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions, the expected timing of the closing of the PIPE and expected benefits of the PIPE and related transactions, any anticipated subsequent offering of debt securities, significant dilution which will be caused by the PIPE and related transactions, the expected timing and benefits of the Company’s rebranding plans, expectations regarding the capitalization, resources and ownership structure of the Company, expectations with respect to future performance, and growth of the Company; the ability of the Company to execute its plans, the Company’s plans to purchase ETH, the Company’s proposed digital asset treasury strategy, the digital assets to be held by the Company, anticipated yield strategies, and future performance. Forward looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond the Company’s control, and actual results may differ materially. Applicable risks and uncertainties include, among others, the risk that the proposed transactions described herein may not be completed in a timely manner or at all; failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the PIPE and related transactions, including the proposed digital asset treasury strategy; changes in business, market, financial, political and regulatory conditions; risks relating to the Company’s operations and business, including the highly volatile nature of the price of Ether and other cryptocurrencies; the risk that the Company’s stock price may be highly correlated to the price of the digital assets that it holds; risks related to increased competition in the industries in which the Company does and will operate; risks relating to significant legal, commercial, regulatory and technical uncertainty regarding digital assets generally; risks relating to the treatment of crypto assets for U.S. and foreign tax purpose, expectations with respect to future performance, growth and anticipated acquisitions; potential litigation involving the Company or the validity or enforceability of the intellectual property of the Company; global economic conditions; geopolitical events and regulatory changes; access to additional financing, and the potential lack of such financing; and the Company’s ability to raise funding in the future and the terms of such funding, as well as those risks and uncertainties identified and those identified under the heading “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 and the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, as well as the supplemental risk factors included in the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these statements. Readers are encouraged to read the Company’s filings with the SEC, available at www.sec.gov, for a discussion of these and other risks and uncertainties. The forward-looking statements in this presentation speak only as of the date of this document, and the Company undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements except as required by law. The Company’s business is subject to substantial risks and uncertainties, including those referenced above. Investors, potential investors, and others should give careful consideration to these risks and uncertainties.

 

3

 

 

About 180 Life Sciences

 

The Company is an innovative biotechnology company that has been evolving its business towards software enabled gaming and entertainment. In addition to its existing biotech assets, 180 Life Sciences continues to maintain and accelerate the deployment and development of its gaming initiatives.

 

Following closing of the financing, anticipated on August 1, 2025, the Company plans to rebrand as ETHZilla Corporation. By integrating a pioneering Ethereum Treasury Strategy at closing of the financing, the Company seeks to become a benchmark for onchain treasury management among public companies.

 

The ETHZilla Corporation, following the closing of the PIPE, is expected to be an ETH accumulation vehicle built for the community, by the community. ETHZilla will be designed to help investors access exposure to the Ethereum network, a blockchain ecosystem with a market cap than many of the most well-known companies in the world today and a network at the heart of the skyrocketing markets for stablecoins. To facilitate this, ETHZilla plans to adopt a treasury policy focused on Ether (ETH), the native digital asset of Ethereum. ETHZilla plans to also pursue a differentiated yield generation program meant to outperform traditional ETH staking through its partnership with Electric Capital, the external asset manager for ETHZilla. ETHZilla will be supported by an executive team and DeFi Council that unites capital markets experts, prominent Ethereum engineers, top-tier DeFi founders, infrastructure pioneers and other ecosystem heavyweights.

 

Media Contact:
Prosek Partners
[email protected]

 

Investor Contact:
Prosek Partners
[email protected]

 

4

 

Exhibit 99.2

 

Strictly Private & Confidential Project Eureka Investor Presentation July 2025

 

 

Disclaimer Strictly Private & Confidential 2 This presentation has been prepared by 180 Life Sciences Corp. (“180 Life Sciences” or the “Company”) solely for information purposes. This presentation does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy or acquire securities of the Company in any jurisdiction or an inducement to enter into investment activity, nor may it or any part of it form the basis of or be relied on in connection with any contract or commitment whatsoever. Specifically, this presentation does not constitute a “prospectus” within the meaning of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). This presentation does not contain all relevant information relating to the Company or its securities, particularly with respect to the risks and special considerations involved with an investment in the securities of the Company. No securities of the Company may be offered or sold in the United States without registration with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) or an exemption from such registration pursuant to the Securities Act and the rules and regulations thereunder. The information in this presentation is strictly confidential. The recipient of this presentation shall keep this presentation and its contents confidential, shall not use this presentation and its contents for any purpose other than as expressly authorized by the Company and shall be required to return or destroy all copies of this presentation or portions thereof in its possession promptly following request for the return or destruction of such copies. By accepting delivery of this presentation, the recipient is deemed to agree to the foregoing confidentiality requirements. Certain information contained in this presentation was obtained from various sources, including third parties, and has not been independently verified. No representation, warranty or undertaking, express or implied, is made as to, and no reliance should be placed on, the fairness, accuracy, completeness, correctness or reasonableness of the information or the sources presented or contained herein. By receiving this presentation, you acknowledge and agree that none of the Company or any of its affiliates, shareholders, controlling persons, directors, officers, employees, agents, advisors or representatives will be liable (in negligence or otherwise) for any loss howsoever arising from any use of this presentation or its contents or otherwise arising in connection with the presentation. This presentation speaks as of the date hereof. The information presented or contained in this presentation is subject to change without notice. Neither the delivery of this presentation nor any further discussions of the Company or any of its affiliates, shareholders, controlling persons, directors, officers, employees, agents, advisors or representatives with any of the recipients shall, under any circumstances, create any implication that there has been no change in the affairs of the Company since that date. This presentation contains statements that constitute forward - looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and other applicable securities laws. All statements other than statements of historical fact are forward - looking statements, including, but not limited to, statements regarding the Company's future financial position, business strategy, budgets, projected costs, and plans and objectives of management for future operations. These statements refer to many things, including and not limited to, the participation of certain individuals, the future value of any digital asset and/or another cryptocurrency, the amount of the private placement, the ability to secure capital to execute the transaction, the managing of a sophisticated cryptocurrency treasury strategy, and all other statements that are not historical facts, or that are intended to be forward looking statements, should be read as forward looking statements. There are risks associated with the contemplated transactions, including regulatory and legal uncertainty, risks of loss associated with the industry, line of business, trade, customers, and vendors of the Company, and other risks. Historical facts are presented without intent to persuade. These statements can be recognized by the use of words such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “potential,” “create,” “intend,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “may,” “plan,” “seek”, “will,” “look,” “future,” “assume,” “continue,” or the negative of such terms or other variations thereof, or words of similar substance or meaning. Such forward - looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties, and actual results may differ from those in the forward - looking statements as a result of various factors and assumptions, that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward - looking statement and which are inherently subject to significant uncertainties and contingencies that are or may be difficult or impossible to predict and are or may be beyond our control. The Company and its affiliates, shareholders, controlling persons, directors, officers, employees, agents, advisors and representatives assume no obligation to and do not undertake to update such forward - looking statements to reflect future events or circumstances. This presentation is being furnished solely to recipients that are “qualified institutional buyers” as defined in Rule 144A of the Securities Act, or “accredited investors” (as defined in Rule 506 of Regulation D) (any such recipient, together with its subsidiaries and affiliates, the “Recipient”) in connection with a proposed private offering of securities of the Company. All trademarks, service marks, and trade names of any party of their respective affiliates used herein are trademarks, service marks, or registered trade names of such party or its respective affiliate, respectively, as noted herein. Any other product, company names, or logos mentioned herein agree the trademark and/or intellectual property of their respective owners, and their use is not alone intended to, and does not alone imply, a relationship with any party, or an endorsement or sponsorship by or of any party. Solely for convenience, the trademarks, service marks and trade names referred to in this presentation may appear without the ®, TM or SM symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that any party of the applicable rights owner will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, their rights or the right of the applicable owner or licensor to these trademarks, service marks and trade names. The Recipient acknowledges that it is (a) aware that the United States securities laws prohibit any person who has material, non - public information concerning a company from purchasing or selling securities of such company or from communicating such information to any other person under circumstances in which it is reasonably foreseeable that such person is likely to purchase or sell such securities, and (b) familiar with the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder and that the Recipient will neither use, nor cause any third party to use, this presentation or any information contained within in contravention of the Exchange Act, including, without limitation, Rule 10b - 5 thereunder. The securities that are to be issued by the Company have not been registered under the Securities Act and may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an applicable exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act. No securities commission or securities regulatory authority in the United States or any other jurisdiction has in any way passed on the merits of the proposed offering of securities or the adequacy or accuracy of this presentation. Actual results may vary greatly from any assumptions or models built in reliance on this document. Results may vary due to market conditions, unforeseen circumstances, competition, a reduction in the demand for such a private placement, an unforeseen change in how regulators in the USA categorize ETH. The transaction contemplated herein is subject to a multitude of risks, uncertainties, and changes. Those include but are not limited to, market conditions, the regulatory landscape defining the particular digital asset, the value of ETH, the ongoing security of the Ethereum ecosystem, technical and custodial risks, our ability to execute on any of the contemplated transactions subject to SEC compliance and Nasdaq related rules, and other risks of loss. Recipients of this presentation must not construe anything contained herein as constituting financial, investment, legal, tax or other advice of any kind. Recipients should seek advice from their own advisors as to these matters. For a description of the risks relating to an investment in the Company in connection with the offering, we refer you to “Risk Factors” in the Appendix to this presentation and risk factors discussed in documents that the Company has filed, or will file, with the SEC. Electric Capital, Etherealize, and Harbour Island Digital, together with their respective affiliates, directors, officers, employees, advisers, and agents have not prepared, verified or approved the contents of this presentation and expressly disclaim any responsibility or liability for its accuracy, completeness, or adequacy. No representation, warranty, or understanding, express or implied, is made by any of the above parties regarding this presentation and no reliance should be placed on it in connection with any investment decision. All communications outside of final transaction executed documents should not be relied on and participation in the transaction disclaims previous communications.

 

 

Section 351 Exchange Strictly Private & Confidential 3 Section 351 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), generally provides that no gain or loss will be recognized by a transferor if property is transferred to a corporation by one or more transferors solely in exchange for stock in such corporation and immediately after the exchange such transferor(s) are in “control” of the corporation. For this purpose, “control” generally requires the transferors as a group to own immediately after the exchange stock possessing (i) at least 80% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote, and (ii) at least 80% of the total number of shares of each other class of stock of the corporation. An exchange otherwise qualifying as a tax - deferred transaction pursuant to Section 351 of the Code will nevertheless generally be taxable if the transferee corporation is an “investment company” under Section 351(e) of the Code, which is generally defined to include a corporation more than 80% of whose gross assets are held for investment (e.g., money, stocks and other equity interests in a corporation, evidences of indebtedness, options, forward or futures contracts, notional principal contracts and derivatives, any foreign currency, and equity interests in entities substantially all of whose assets are comprised of the foregoing assets). While Congress gave Treasury the authority to enact regulations adding to this list of assets, no such regulations have been issued to date. The determination of whether a corporation is an investment company is ordinarily made by reference to the circumstances in existence immediately after the transfer in question. However, where circumstances change thereafter pursuant to a plan in existence at the time of the transfer, this determination is made by reference to the later circumstances. It is intended that the PIPE Transaction qualifies as a tax - deferred exchange pursuant to Section 351 of the Code (the “Intended Tax Treatment”). The Company and each investor that participates in the PIPE Transaction are expected to make certain factual representations and covenants regarding the Intended Tax Treatment. While the Company expects the PIPE Transaction to, more likely than not, qualify for the Intended Tax Treatment, the lack of authority from the Internal Revenue Service related to the treatment of BTC, ETH, and other cryptocurrencies for U.S. federal income tax purposes means that no assurances can be provided that the IRS will not assert, or that a court would not sustain, a position contrary to the Intended Tax Treatment. If the PIPE Transaction qualifies for the Intended Tax Treatment, the following U.S. federal income tax consequences would result for a U.S. Holder that exchanges ETH solely for common stock of the Company: (i) gain or loss generally will not be recognized, (ii) the aggregate basis of the common stock of the Company received by such U.S. Holder generally will be the same as the aggregate basis of the ETH exchanged therefor, and (iii) the holding period of the common stock of the Company received by such U.S. Holder generally will include the holding period of the ETH exchanged therefor. If the PIPE Transaction does not qualify for the Intended Tax Treatment, the following U.S. federal income tax consequences would result for a U.S. Holder that exchanges ETH solely for common stock of the Company: (i) gain or loss will be recognized in an amount equal to the difference between the fair market value of the common stock of the Company received in the exchange and the U.S. person’s adjusted tax basis in the property exchanged therefor, (ii) any such gain generally will be long - term capital gain if the U.S. person’s holding period in the property exceeded one year at the time of the PIPE Transaction, (iii) the U.S. person’s holding period for the common stock of the Company will begin on the day after the PIPE Transaction, and (iv) the U.S. person’s tax basis in the common stock of the Company received in the exchange will equal the fair market value of such common shares. Each investor should consult with such investor’s own tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of the PIPE Transaction before participating in the transaction. For purposes of this summary, a “U.S. Holder” generally is (excluding persons subject to special treatment under the U.S. federal income tax laws, such as partnerships and other pass - through entities): (i) an individual who is a citizen or a tax resident of the United States; (ii) a corporation created or organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia; (iii) a trust that (A) is subject to the supervision of a court within the United States and with respect to which one or more U.S. persons are authorized to control all substantial decisions of the trust, or that (B) has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person; or (iv) an estate that is subject to U.S. federal income tax on its income regardless of its source.

 

 

II. Why Ethereum 9 IV. Appendix 26 I. Executive Summary 5 III. Strictly Private & Confidential Opportunity Overview 15

 

 

I. Executive Summary Strictly Private & Confidential

 

 

Offering Summary: Common Equity Strictly Private & Confidential 6 ▪ July 28, 2025 Expected Pricing Date ▪ 180 Life Sciences Corp. (NASDAQ: ATNF) Issuer / Incorporation ▪ ~$430 Million Deal Size / Notional ▪ $2.65 per share Purchase Price ▪ ~1.08x Implied mNAV ▪ Private Placement in Public Equity (“PIPE”) Form of Offering ▪ Common Stock and Pre - funded Warrants Securities Offered ▪ Proceeds will be used primarily for the purchase of Ethereum as well as general corporate purposes and transaction expenses Use of Proceeds ▪ The Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to (i) file a resale registration statement for the common stock and the common stock underlying the pre - funded warrants within 15 calendar days after closing, and (ii) have the registration statement declared effective no later than the earlier of a) the 5 th business day after receiving a no - review and b) the 60 th calendar in the event the Company receives SEC comments (1) Registration Rights ▪ Clear Street LLC Placement Agent (1) Subject to 15 calendar day extension in the event of more than one SEC comment letter

 

 

Executive Summary Situation Overview ▪ 180 Life Sciences Corp. (NASDAQ: ATNF) (“ATNF” or the “Company”) seeks to raise approximately $430 million to establish an Ethereum (“ETH”) treasury through the issuance of shares of its common stock and pre - funded warrants » Investors are expected to have the ability to contribute cash or ETH ▪ Harbour Island Digital, LLC and Electric Capital Partners, LLC are expected to serve as anchor investors for the transaction ▪ The Company expects to enter into strategic partnerships with Etherealize, Inc. and Electric Capital Partners, LLC » Etherealize, a company focused on accelerating the adoption of and bringing institutional assets onto Ethereum, will serve as the Company’s conduit to the Ethereum ecosystem » Electric Capital, a $3 Billion+ AUM crypto native asset manager, will drive the Company’s ETH treasury strategy leveraging unique onchain and its leading decentralized finance capabilities ▪ Jason New (Senior Advisor, Harbour Island Digital and Vice Chairman, Lazard) and McAndrew Rudisill (Founder & Managing Partner, Harbour Island Digital and Senior Advisor, Etherealize) are expected to join the Company’s Board of Directors ▪ The Company expects to establish a new DeFi Council comprised of leading founders and investors in the Ethereum ecosystem including, but not limited to: Danny Ryan (Co - Founder, Etherealize), Michael Egorov (Founder, Curve Finance), Sreeram Kannan (Founder & CEO, EigenLayer), Mike Silagadze (Founder & CEO, ether.fi), Vivek Raman (Co - Founder, Etherealize), Robert Leshner (Founder, Compound Finance), and Avichal Garg (Managing Partner, Electric Capital) ▪ Supplement existing business aspirations by establishing a dedicated ETH treasury platform intended to benefit from strong protocol expertise and aim to generate onchain returns at scale ▪ Leadership team to be enhanced with new strategic advisors and board members with extensive industry experience, ready - to - deploy infrastructure, and a trusted brand that unlocks incremental opportunities Opportunity Overview Strictly Private & Confidential 7

 

 

8 Strictly Private & Confidential Key Considerations (1) Declared effective on 06/20/25 (2) Received shareholder approval on 07/24/25 Attractive Investor Entry Point ▪ ~1.08x Implied mNAV Efficient Access to Future Capital ▪ $500 Million Universal Shelf Registration Statement (1) ▪ 1 Billion Authorized Shares (2) 1 2 3 Differentiated Approach ▪ Capital markets expertise ▪ Connectivity to Ethereum ecosystem ▪ Differentiated yield generation capabilities

 

 

Strictly Private & Confidential II. Why Ethereum

 

 

Why Ethereum? Ethereum is a foundational digital asset of the emerging global financial system ETH = Upside in Stablecoins ETH = Upside in Tokenization ETH = Institutional Blockchain Infrastructure Strictly Private & Confidential 10

 

 

The Case for Ethereum Overview Ethereum is laying the foundation for the next - generation global financial system ▪ By leveraging decentralized infrastructure, Ethereum offers a transformative alternative to legacy systems ▪ Ethereum enhances financial systems by offering transparency, composability, efficiency, programmability, and global access Competitive Advantages As a credibly neutral smart contract blockchain – its rules cannot be changed by any single nation - state or financial institution – Ethereum is likely to be the preferred destination for institutions to store trillions of dollars ▪ No other smart contract blockchain offers Ethereum’s unique combination of decentralization, programmability, and regulatory clarity » Ethereum was community - funded rather than venture - funded, with extremely distributed ownership » Ethereum has tens of thousands of nodes and validators distributed around the world, many of which are running on hobbyist hardware » Ethereum is the only blockchain besides Bitcoin that is globally recognized as a commodity, not a security ▪ Ethereum is exceptionally reliable – over 10 years of 100% uptime and 16 successful upgrades ▪ Ethereum dominates tokenization and stablecoin adoption – over 50% of all stablecoins and 80% of all tokenized assets exist in the Ethereum ecosystem (1) ▪ Ethereum’s Layer 1 + Layer 2 design offers speed and regulatory flexibility while retaining Ethereum’s strengths: institutions can deploy high throughput, KYC - enabled Layer 2s without sacrificing decentralization or security, e.g., Coinbase, Robinhood, Kraken Strategic Focus Strictly Private & Confidential 11 As the foundational collateral asset of the emerging global financial system, Ethereum functions as a programmable, prospective store of value ▪ While Ethereum welcomes innovation across sectors (AI, social, DAOs, etc.), capturing the financial vertical is both the highest priority and has the greatest opportunity for long - term impact ▪ Unlike passive stores of value such as gold or Bitcoin, Ethereum can generate real yield and serves as versatile collateral across decentralized and institutional finance ▪ ETH is the reserve asset of the Ethereum economy – if Ethereum becomes the back - end platform of the global financial system, ETH may accrue significant value (1) Tokenization data from rwa.xyz and stablecoin data from stablepulse.org

 

 

The Case for Ethereum (cont’d) As demand for ETH increases, it is also positioned to become a global store of value 01 Growing demand for stablecoin 02 More stablecoins put to work on Ethereum 03 Greater use of ETH as collateral 04 ETH price and Ethereum security strengthen 05 More institutions build products on Ethereum Real Estate Stocks U.S. Treasury Gold Art Bitcoin ETH Portable Divisible Durable Scarce Yield Generating Seizure Resistant Limited Programmable $300T+ $100T+ $25T+ $20T+ $2T+ $1T+ <$1T Market Size ETH has superior properties to legacy SoV assets and provides yield Source: Electric Capital’s “Beyond Stablecoins: The Case for Ethereum” 07/08/25 report Strictly Private & Confidential 12

 

 

BTC (Digital Gold) ETH (Digital Oil) Currently 0.85%; Halves every 4 years Currently 0.68%; Max issuance cap of 1.51%; potentially deflationary Issuance (Inflation) Capped at 21 Million; faces long - term incentive and potential security risks No cap; predictable issuance ensuring sustainable incentives and long - term security Supply None Yes; 80.4% of fees burned on average Burn Mechanism None Yes; earn issuance rewards plus a share of transaction fees; current yield ~3% Yield Not applicable; no smart contract functionality Increasing Ethereum usage reduces issuance and increases validator yields Economic Activity Store of value Store of value with utility Utility 175.87 TWh / year; 98.10 Mt CO2 0.01 TWh / year; ~0 Mt CO2 Energy & Carbon Footprint Network secured by specialized mining entities utilizing energy - intensive hashing hardware; comparatively concentrated security with limited incentives Globally distributed validators staking ETH on commodity hardware; highly liquid, broadly accessible staking mechanism; robust recovery from failures Security Strictly Private & Confidential 13 ETH vs. BTC: The Shift from Passive Store of Value to Active Yield Asset Source: ETH Digital Oil as of 06/25/25

 

 

Ethereum’s Multi - Faceted Investment Narrative “Robinhood Shares Hit All - Time High as Firm Unveils Tokenized Stocks, Ethereum L2” June 30, 2025 “Deutsche Bank is building a tokenization platform on zkSync – a high - speed, cost - efficient blockchain built on top of Ethereum – to help asset managers handle tokenized assets while meeting regulatory and data protection requirements” June 17, 2025 “BlackRock’s Ethereum ETF Nears $5B Inflows Amid Staking Hopes” June 10, 2025 “Circle’s USDC – the second - largest stablecoin – still settles around 65% of its volume on Ethereum’s rails” April 15, 2025 “Coinbase and Kraken are also racing to own the crossover between traditional stocks and crypto” June 21, 2025 Strictly Private & Confidential 14

 

 

Strictly Private & Confidential III. Opportunity Overview

 

 

16 Strictly Private & Confidential Investment Highlights 03 04 Crypto Native Alpha Speed Entry at a ~1.08x implied mNAV , with ~99% of proceeds dedicated to acquiring ETH Clean pro forma capital stack with no long - term debt on balance sheet or senior equity instrument overhang 01 Attractive Entry Price Crypto - native yield generation capabilities with institutional security intended to bring access to strong alpha and proprietary yield opportunities Potential for outsized yield drives ETH accumulation, which may drive long - term mNAV 02 Institutional Playbook Experienced team of senior “Wall Street” executives to manage capital raising initiatives going forward Leverage capital markets expertise to access favorable capital Closing and funding anticipated to be completed in days intended to enable ETH purchases ahead of significant volume contingent on deal closings Effective $500 Million shelf (1) and 1 Billion authorized shares (2) enable efficient access to future capital Institutional - grade access to Ethereum via capital - efficient, crypto - native vehicle (1) Declared effective on 06/20/25 (2) Received shareholder approval on 07/24/25

 

 

17 Strictly Private & Confidential Institutional Grade, Onchain Native Investor ▪ With capital deployed across 75+ crypto - native companies, Electric Capital has purpose - built internal infrastructure to responsibly participate onchain at institutional scale ▪ $3B+ in assets under management (AUM) as of December 2024 SEC filings ▪ Robust compliance, custody, and smart contract execution pipelines enable direct, secure, and auditable participation in infrastructure - level protocols ▪ Long - standing relationships with core Ethereum ecosystem protocols enable participation in strategic, offchain deal structures ▪ Early backing of foundational projects translates into recurring access to validator rights, advisory roles, and discounted allocations Electric Capital Overview Exemplary Track Record ▪ Demonstrated ability to identify, scale, and support key infrastructure across staking, middleware, and execution layers ▪ Onchain yield generation largely reduces to ability to assess and mitigate security risk and value non - USD protocol incentives (e.g., tokens, points) ▪ Electric Capital’s position as an engineering - led venture firm uniquely positions them to navigate these risks ▪ Electric Capital is an investor in top security firms in the space: Certora, Fordefi, Immunefi and has a deep understanding of onchain opportunities and risks ▪ Electric Capital is currently performing these strategies in its funds and has built significant custom infrastructure to pursue these opportunities ▪ As a Registered Investment Advisor, Electric Capital has an extensive internal risk matrix that manages exposure across protocols according to various security elements: smart contract audits, formal verification, bug bounty programs, active monitoring / mitigation Brand Advantage and Deal Flow ▪ Recognized by founders, developers, and protocol teams as a long - term aligned, technically fluent partner ▪ Regularly invited into off - market, structured opportunities based on brand trust and technical depth ▪ Brand equity within crypto - native circles creates durable access advantages, often years ahead of traditional capital ▪ Advisory, governance, and protocol - level influence position the fund at the center of the Ethereum infrastructure roadmap – compounding strategic optionality ▪ Selected Electric Capital investments include Aave, Bitwise, Consensys, EigenLayer, Frax, Kraken, Mysten Labs (Sui), NEAR, Privy, & Solana Source: Electric Capital Note: None of Electric Capital’s portfolio companies have endorsed the proposed offering

 

 

18 Capacity (USD) Target Annual Return Description Activity Billions 3% Earn protocol token emissions and transaction fees for securing the network Staking Billions 3.5% Additional rewards for securing protocols beyond Ethereum Restaking Billions 3 to 4% Lend to short sellers, traders seeking leverage, and market makers; typically, overcollateralized onchain Lending Billions 4%+ Automated market making across various versions of ETH (staked, restaked, wrapped in L2s) to earn trading fees Liquidity Provisioning Billions 7%+ Above activities paired with publicly available point or token incentives to bootstrap protocol growth Yield Farming Hundreds of Millions 10%+ Directly - negotiated agreements with projects to perform above activities that bootstrap protocol growth, which are proprietary to Electric Capital Private Agreements Strictly Private & Confidential Strategic Framework for Potential Use of Proceeds Note: Capacity of billions for Staking, Restaking, Lending, LPing, Yield Farming is based on Ethereum market cap of $200B and DeFiLlama calculations of current TVL in smart contracts. Capacity for Private Agreements is estimated based on the volume of such opportunities observed in market in the preceding 12 months

 

 

Etherealize Partnership Offers Potential for Additional mNAV and Strategic Benefits 3 Etherealize's strategic partnerships with key ecosystem players can provide ongoing marketing and amplification for the Company’s Treasury Strategy 2 Company and Etherealize seek to manage regulated assets for new yield sources on Ethereum Strictly Private & Confidential 19 1 Company plans to work with Etherealize on tokenizing institutional assets on Ethereum

 

 

New DeFi Council to Lead Ethereum Strategy Ethereum pioneers: Inventors of key DeFi protocols, $65B+ in total value locked, billions in transaction volume Sreeram Kannan Founder & CEO, EigenLayer ▪ Creator of EigenLayer, the #1 restaking protocol with ~$15B restaked ETH ▪ Professor at University of Washington with 40+ peer - reviewed papers in distributed systems Danny Ryan Co - Founder & Co - CEO, Etherealize ▪ Spearheaded major Ethereum consensus upgrades from 2018 to 2024 , including the launch of the Beacon Chain and the Merge ▪ While at the Ethereum Foundation, led their research group, managed major research grants, co - authored core specs, and chaired bi - weekly All Core Dev calls Robert Leshner Founder, Compound Finance ▪ Co - founded Compound in 2017, a pioneer in on chain incentives using tokens ▪ $3B TVL, a top 10 DeFi protocol and CEO of Superstate, a leading asset tokenization platform Avichal Garg Managing Partner, Electric Capital ▪ Entrepreneur whose startup sale led to executive roles at Google and Facebook ▪ Angel investor in 15 unicorns and 5 decacorns including Airtable, Boom, Color Genomics, Cruise, Deel, Figma, Newfront Insurance, Notion, and others ▪ Co - Founded Electric Capital in 2018, growing it to $3B+ in AUM Michael Egorov Founder, Curve Finance ▪ Launched Curve, DeFi’s #1 stablecoin decentralized exchange with, $100B+ in cumulative stablecoin trading volume ▪ PhD in Physics; previously CTO at NuCypher (privacy infrastructure for blockchains) Konstantin Lomashuk Founder, Lido ▪ Co - founder of Lido Finance, the dominant liquid - staking protocol on Ethereum; today he champions validator decentralization and has $33B of staked ETH in Lido ▪ Serial blockchain entrepreneur & investor: founder of infrastructure provider P2P.org and crypto venture vehicle cyber•Fund (now a $100 Million fund), and an early backer of networks like Cosmos and Polkadot Paul Frambot Founder, Morpho ▪ Co - founder & CEO of Morpho Labs, the team behind the Morpho peer - to - peer lending protocol (Morpho Blue), which routes billions in on - chain liquidity while offering users efficient, modular credit markets ▪ Currently has $5.3B of assets in protocol ▪ Raised $18 Million in seed funding from a16z Crypto, Variant and others while completing a master’s in Parallel & Distributed Systems at Institut Polytechnique de Paris, earning a reputation as one of DeFi’s top young innovators Jason Yanowitz Co - Founder, Blockworks ▪ Built Blockworks into a top - tier crypto media company with 5M+ monthly readers ▪ Hosts Permissionless, one of the largest Web3 conferences with 7,000+ attendees ▪ Scaled research & data platform Blockworks Research, now used by 100+ institutions Strictly Private & Confidential 20

 

 

New DeFi Council to Lead Ethereum Strategy (cont’d) Ethereum pioneers: Inventors of key DeFi protocols, $65B+ in total value locked, billions in transaction volume Jeff Frase Business Development, Etherealize ▪ Former Managing Director at Goldman Sachs, Lehman Brothers, and JPMorgan with 35 years of deal - making experience ▪ His most recent role was President of Noble Americas, then co - CEO and Board Member of public Noble Group ▪ Active private - equity and venture investor with market insight across commodities, infrastructure, and technology Vivek Raman Co - Founder & Co - CEO, Etherealize ▪ Co - founder and CEO of Etherealize, an institutional product and marketing company for the Ethereum ecosystem ▪ Former Wall Street credit trader at Morgan Stanley, UBS, Deutsche Bank, and Nomura, later BitOoda Investment - Banking Managing Director structuring Ethereum infrastructure, BTC mining, and AI/HPC financings Zach Obront Co - Founder & CTO, Etherealize ▪ One of the Ethereum ecosystem's top security researchers, uncovering exploits that have secured over $1B ▪ He also serves as a steward for the Ethereum Foundation's Trillion Dollar Security initiative Grant Hummer Co - Founder, Etherealize ▪ Crypto investor - researcher active since discovering BTC in 2011; went full - time after ETH in 2015, leveraging consulting, asset - management, and software roots ▪ Co - founded Chromatic Capital, scaling a nine - figure hedge fund, and now co - founder of Etherealize, steering Wall Street’s Ethereum trading and settlement integration Sam Kazemian Founder, Frax Finance ▪ Launched Frax in December 2020, the first fully collateralized, onchain stablecoin that pays yield from treasuries back to token holders ▪ Exceeded $1 Billion market cap in its first year Chris Perkins Managing Partner & President, CoinFund ▪ CFTC GMAC and DAMSC member ▪ Managing Director and Global Co - Head of Futures, Clearing and FXPB, Citi ▪ Co - Founder VOWS and VIDA ▪ CESR inventor Lehman Bros derivatives PB head ▪ ECNY member ▪ USMC combat veteran Tarun Chitra Co Founder & CEO, Gauntlet ▪ Founded Gauntlet in 2018, the leading onchain risk management and research firms, $1B+ in risk managed vaults on - chain ▪ 24+ peer reviewed papers focused on economic security and fee markets in DeFi ▪ Former quant roles at D.E. Shaw Research and Vatic Labs; applied high - frequency and simulation expertise to blockchain risk modeling Mike Silagadze Founder & CEO, ether.fi ▪ Co - founder of ether.fi, the largest liquid restaking protocol with >$7B in assets ▪ Scaled previous startup Top Hat to 2M+ users and a $200M+ exit Strictly Private & Confidential 21

 

 

22 Strictly Private & Confidential The Company’s New Directors Strengthening capital - raising engine with veteran investment leaders Jason New Future Director Vice Chairman & Managing Director, Lazard ▪ Senior Advisor, Harbour Island Digital ▪ Founder of Novawulf Digital Management ▪ Former Director of Terawulf, Cheniere, Momentive Performance Materials, Sorenson Communications & Kodak ▪ Former CEO Onex Credit ▪ Former Senior Managing Director Blackstone/GSO ▪ Former Attorney Sidley Austin McAndrew Rudisill (1) Future Chairman Founder & Managing Partner, Harbour Island Digital ▪ Strategic Advisor, Etherealize ▪ Managing Partner, Pelagic Capital Advisors ▪ Former Chief Investment Officer & Director of Bridger Aerospace Group ▪ Former Chief Investment Officer Capital Vacations ▪ Investor in Ascent Vision (Sold to CACI 2021) ▪ Investor and Operator of Multiple Real Estate and Infrastructure Companies Expected to join the Board of Directors at the next meeting of stockholders (1) Expected to join the Board of Directors at closing

 

 

23 Strictly Private & Confidential Current Board of Directors and Management Team (1) The Company anticipates that Dr. Steinman will resign upon the closing of the proposed offering. Currently the board is comprised of less than a majority of independent directors. The Company expects to regain compliance with Nasdaq listing requirements with the addition of the new directors Management Team ▪ Over 20 years of cross - border experience in capital markets, M&A, governance and public company strategy, including investment banking, legal and senior executive roles ▪ Previously held senior investment banking positions at Credit Suisse and Ventum Financial Group, and senior executive roles including CEO, CFO and Management Committee, at various public and private companies ▪ Leading the corporate transformation of 180 Life Sciences into a globally focused technology and iGaming platform ▪ Holds an MBA from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business, a law degree from the University of British Columbia, and a BA from the University of Victoria Blair Jordan Chief Executive Officer & Director ▪ Brings 20+ years of experience in financial management, ERP systems, audit readiness, and regulatory compliance across industries including gaming, esports, and software ▪ Former VP and Corporate Controller at Engine Media Holdings, guiding its uplisting to Nasdaq and restructuring its global software and gaming operations ▪ Experienced with SEC and Nasdaq reporting requirements, internal controls, and operational finance ▪ Earned a Master’s in Business Management (Finance) from Norwich University, and a Bachelor’s in Business Management from Pepperdine University; Certified Public Accountant (CPA) licensed in California Eric R. Van Lent Chief Accounting Officer Dr. Lawrence Steinman (1) Director 40+ Years of Experience Stephen H. Shoemaker Independent Director 30+ Years of Experience Ryan L. Smith Independent Director 20+ Years of Experience Board of Directors

 

 

Ethereum Treasury Company: Value Proposition Project Eureka Hybrid Equity Multiple Avenues to Tap into Attractive Capital from Favorable Sources Experienced investors to lead capital markets efforts going forward and leverage capital markets expertise to tap into appropriate funding mechanisms Preferred Equity PIPE At - the - Market (ATM) Convertible Debentures Follow - On Offering Strictly Private & Confidential 24

 

 

ATNF - at - a - Glance Operates at the intersection of iGaming and digital content Current Business ▪ In September 2024, acquired a crypto - enabled Gaming Technology Platform ▪ Began transition into an interactive entertainment, digital content & crypto focused company Potential Applications ▪ iGaming – Sports betting, casino, proprietary gaming systems ▪ Digital Content – Esports, influencers, streaming, media IP Legacy intellectual property currently under strategic review Legacy ▪ Founded in December 2020 as a biotech company ▪ Developed therapies targeting inflammation and fibrosis Strictly Private & Confidential 25

 

 

Strictly Private & Confidential IV. Appendix

 

 

Cons Pros Description ▪ Limited to current market prices with no special selling efforts ▪ Generally smaller size than traditional offerings ▪ Creates public disclosure and potential overhang ▪ Subject to market fluctuations ▪ Minimal market impact by selling into natural trading flow ▪ Flexibility in timing and size of offerings ▪ Lower costs (1 - 3% vs. traditional offerings) ▪ No roadshows or marketing required A public company sells newly issued shares incrementally into the existing trading market at prevailing market prices through a designated broker - dealer, allowing flexible timing and size of offerings Equity ATM (At - The - Market) ▪ Dilution of existing shareholders (if dilutive) ▪ Often priced at discount to market ▪ High transaction costs and fees ▪ Market timing risk and price volatility ▪ Can raise substantial capital quickly ▪ Broad investor access through public markets ▪ Underwriter support and marketing ▪ Can improve liquidity and trading volume The issuance of additional shares by a public company after its IPO, either as new shares (dilutive) or existing shareholder sales (non - dilutive), typically conducted as a firm commitment underwritten offering Equity Follow - On Offering ▪ Potential significant discount to market price (average 5 - 11%) ▪ Limited to accredited investors only ▪ Potential dilution and downward pressure on stock price ▪ May require warrant coverage ▪ Faster execution (2 - 3 weeks) than public offerings ▪ Lower transaction costs and fewer regulatory requirements ▪ No immediate public disclosure until commitments secured ▪ Flexibility in terms and structure The privately negotiated sale of publicly traded shares to selected accredited investors generally at a discount to market price, with the issuer filing a resale registration statement for future public trading PIPE (Private Investment in Public Equity) ▪ Dilution upon conversion ▪ Complexity in terms and conversion mechanics ▪ Interest expense until conversion ▪ Potential conflicts between debt and equity features ▪ Defers valuation decisions to future financing rounds ▪ Lower interest rates than traditional debt ▪ Provides optionality for both issuer and investor ▪ Faster execution than equity rounds Short - term debt instruments that can be converted into equity at predetermined conversion terms, typically used by companies to defer valuation while providing investors with potential upside participation Convertible Debentures Strictly Private & Confidential 27 Capital - Raising Structures: Key Options, Advantages, and Trade - Offs

 

 

Risk Factors Strictly Private & Confidential 28 Risks related to our proposed ETH treasury strategy and holdings ▪ The Company’s financial results and the trading price of its common stock may be affected by the market prices of ETH, which are highly volatile. ▪ Investing in ETH will expose the Company to certain risks associated with ETH, such as price volatility, limited liquidity and trading volumes, relative anonymity, potential susceptibility to market abuse and manipulation, theft, compliance and internal control failures at exchanges and other risks inherent in its electronic, virtual form and decentralized network. ▪ While the Company expects the PIPE transaction to more likely than not qualify as a tax - deferred exchange pursuant to Section 351 of the Code the lack of authority from the Internal Revenue Service related to the treatment of bitcoin, ETH, and other cryptocurrencies for U.S. federal income tax purposes means that no assurances can be provided that the IRS will not assert, or that a court would not sustain, a position contrary to the Intended Tax Treatment, and each investor should consult with such investor’s own tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of the PIPE transaction before participating in the PIPE transaction. ▪ Unrealized fair value gains on its ETH holdings could cause the Company to become subject to the corporate alternative minimum tax under the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022. ▪ Future developments regarding the treatment of crypto assets for U.S. and foreign tax purposes could adversely impact the Company’s business. ETH and other digital assets are novel assets, and are subject to significant legal, commercial, regulatory and technical uncertainty. ▪ The availability of spot exchange - traded products for ETH and other digital assets may adversely affect the market price of ETH and, consequently, the trading price of the Company’s common stock. ▪ The Company’s ETH strategy may subject it to enhanced regulatory oversight. ▪ ETH trading venues may experience greater fraud, security failures, or regulatory or operational problems than trading venues for more established asset classes. ▪ The concentration of ETH holdings may enhance the risks inherent in the Company’s ETH treasury strategy. ▪ The Company’s ETH holdings will be less liquid than existing cash and cash equivalents and may not be able to serve as a source of liquidity for it to the same extent as cash and cash equivalents. ▪ If the Company or its third - party service providers experience a security breach or cyber - attack and unauthorized parties obtain access to its ETH assets, the Company may lose some or all of its ETH assets and its financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. ▪ The further development and acceptance of the ETH network and other cryptocurrency networks, including the bitcoin network, which represent a relatively new and rapidly changing industry, are subject to a variety of factors that are difficult to evaluate. The slowing or stopping of the development or acceptance of the ETH, bitcoin and other cryptocurrency networks may adversely affect an investment in the Company. ▪ The launch of central bank digital currencies may adversely affect the Company’s ability to successfully manage its ETH treasury strategy and, consequently, its business. ▪ The Company is not subject to legal and regulatory obligations that apply to investment companies, such as mutual funds and exchange - traded funds, or to obligations applicable to investment advisers. ▪ Absent federal regulations, there is a possibility that ETH may be classified as a “security.” Any classification of ETH as a “security” would subject the Company to additional regulation and could materially impact the operation of the Company’s business. ▪ If the Company was deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act, applicable restrictions likely would make it impractical for the Company to continue our business as currently conducted and the Company’s ETH treasury functions as currently contemplated. ▪ Transactions using ETH require the payment of “gas fees,” which are subject to fluctuations that may result in high transaction fees. ▪ The Company faces risks relating to the custody of the Company’s ETH, including the loss or destruction of private keys required to access the Company’s ETH and cyberattacks or other data loss relating to the Company’s ETH, including smart contract related losses and vulnerabilities.

 

 

Risk Factors (cont’d) Strictly Private & Confidential 29 Risks related to our proposed offerings ▪ The trading price on Nasdaq for the Company’s common stock following the closing of the proposed PIPE (including common stock and Pre - Funded Warrants) offering will be affected by factors that are materially different from those that historically have affected or currently affect such trading price, and such trading price (and volume of trading) may be volatile following such closing. ▪ The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the proposed offerings to purchase ETH, the price of which has been, and will likely continue to be, highly volatile. ▪ The Company has broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds from the proposed offering that the Company does not use to purchase ETH as part of our ETH treasury strategy, if any, and investors will not have the opportunity to assess whether the net proceeds are being used in a manner of which you approve. ▪ The Company’s stockholders will experience dilution in the future due to any exercise of warrants, including, without limitation, the Pre - Funded Warrants and the Strategic Advisor Warrants, and any future issuances of equity securities.

 

 

Thank You Strictly Private & Confidential

 

Exhibit 99.3

 

Risks Related to our Proposed Ethereum Treasury Strategy and Ether Holdings

 

Our financial results and the trading price of our common stock are likely to be affected by the market prices of Ether, which are highly volatile.

 

Ethereum is a highly volatile asset, and fluctuations in the price of Ether are likely to influence our financial results and the market price of our common stock. Our financial results and the market price of our common stock would be adversely affected, and our business and financial condition would be negatively impacted if the price of Ether decreased substantially (as it has in the past, such as during 2022), including as a result of:

 

decreased user and investor confidence in Ether, including due to the various factors described in this risk factor;

 

investment and trading activities, such as (i) trading activities of highly active retail and institutional users, speculators, miners and investors, (ii) actual or expected significant dispositions of Ether by large holders, and (iii) actual or perceived manipulation of the spot or derivative markets for Ether or spot Ether exchange-traded platforms, or ETPs;

 

negative publicity, media or social media coverage, or sentiment due to events in or relating to, or perception of, Ether or the broader digital assets industry, for example, (i) public perception that Ether can be used as a vehicle to circumvent sanctions, including sanctions imposed on Russia or certain regions related to the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine, or to fund criminal or terrorist activities, such as the purported use of digital assets by Hamas to fund its terrorist attack against Israel in October 2023; (ii) expected or pending civil, criminal, regulatory enforcement or other high profile actions against major participants in the Ethereum ecosystem, including the SEC’s enforcement actions against Coinbase, Inc. and Binance Holdings Ltd.; (iii) additional filings for bankruptcy protection or bankruptcy proceedings of major digital asset industry participants, such as the bankruptcy proceeding of FTX Trading and its affiliates; and (iv) the actual or perceived environmental impact of Ether and related activities, including environmental concerns raised by private individuals, governmental and non-governmental organizations, and other actors related to the energy resources consumed in the Ether mining process;

 

changes in consumer preferences and the perceived value or prospects of Ether;

 

competition from other digital assets (including Bitcoin) that are more well known, exhibit better speed, security, scalability, or energy efficiency, that feature other more favored characteristics, that are backed by governments, including the U.S. government, or reserves of fiat currencies, or that represent ownership or security interests in physical assets;

 

a decrease in the price of other digital assets, including stablecoins, or the crash or unavailability of stablecoins that are used as a medium of exchange for Ether purchase and sale transactions, such as the crash of the stablecoin Terra USD in 2022, to the extent the decrease in the price of such other digital assets or the unavailability of such stablecoins may cause a decrease in the price of Ether or adversely affect investor confidence in digital assets generally;

 

 

 

 

disruptions, failures, unavailability, or interruptions in service of trading venues for Ether, such as, for example, the announcement by the digital asset exchange FTX Trading that it would freeze withdrawals and transfers from its accounts and subsequent filing for bankruptcy protection and the recent SEC enforcement action brought against Binance Holdings Ltd., which initially sought to freeze all of its assets during the pendency of the enforcement action;

 

the filing for bankruptcy protection by, liquidation of, or market concerns about the financial viability of digital asset custodians, trading venues, lending platforms, investment funds, or other digital asset industry participants, such as the filing for bankruptcy protection by digital asset trading venues FTX Trading and BlockFi and digital asset lending platforms Celsius Network and Voyager Digital Holdings in 2022, the ordered liquidation of the digital asset investment fund Three Arrows Capital in 2022, the announced liquidation of Silvergate Bank in 2023, the government-mandated closure and sale of Signature Bank in 2023, the placement of Prime Trust, LLC into receivership following a cease-and-desist order issued by the Nevada Department of Business and Industry in 2023, and the exit of Binance Holdings Ltd. from the U.S. market as part of its settlement with the Department of Justice and other federal regulatory agencies;

 

regulatory, legislative, enforcement and judicial actions that adversely affect the price, ownership, transferability, trading volumes, legality or public perception of Ether, or that adversely affect the operations of or otherwise prevent digital asset custodians, trading venues, lending platforms or other digital assets industry participants from operating in a manner that allows them to continue to deliver services to the digital assets industry;

 

changes in staking rewards of Ether, or increases in the costs associated with Ether staking, including increases in electricity costs and hardware and software used in staking, that may cause a decline in support for the Ethereum network;

 

transaction congestion and fees associated with processing transactions on the Ether network;

 

macroeconomic changes, such as changes in the level of interest rates and inflation, fiscal and monetary policies of governments, trade restrictions, and fiat currency devaluations;

 

developments in mathematics or technology, including in digital computing, algebraic geometry and quantum computing, that could result in the cryptography used by the Ethereum blockchain becoming insecure, ineffective or obsolete; and

 

changes in national and international economic and political conditions, including, without limitation, the adverse impact attributable to the economic and political instability caused by the current conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the economic sanctions adopted in response to the conflict, and the potential broadening of the Israel-Hamas conflict to other countries in the Middle East.

 

2

 

 

Due to the unregulated nature and lack of transparency surrounding the operations of many digital asset trading venues, digital asset trading venues may experience greater fraud, security failures or regulatory or operational problems than trading venues for more established asset classes, which may result in a loss of confidence in digital asset trading venues and adversely affect the value of digital assets, and the Company’s financial position, operations and prospects.

 

Digital asset trading venues are relatively new and, in many cases, unregulated. Furthermore, there are many digital asset trading venues that do not provide the public with significant information regarding their ownership structure, management teams, corporate practices and regulatory compliance. As a result, the marketplace may lose confidence in digital asset trading venues, including prominent exchanges that handle a significant volume of such trading and/or are subject to regulatory oversight, in the event one or more digital asset trading venues cease or pause for a prolonged period the trading of digital assets, or experience fraud, significant volumes of withdrawal, security failures or operational problems.

 

Negative perception, a lack of stability in the broader digital asset markets and the closure, temporary shutdown or operational disruption of digital asset trading venues, lending institutions, institutional investors, institutional miners, custodians, or other major participants in the digital asset ecosystem, due to fraud, business failure, cybersecurity events, government-mandated regulation, bankruptcy, or for any other reason, may result in a decline in confidence in digital assets and the broader digital asset ecosystem and greater volatility in the price of digital assets. The price of our listed securities may be affected by the value of our future digital asset holdings, and the failure of a major participant in the ecosystem could have a material adverse effect on the market price of our listed securities.

 

The availability of spot exchange-traded products for Ether and other digital assets may adversely affect the market price of Ether and, consequently, the trading price of the our common stock.

 

Although Ether and other digital assets have experienced a surge of investor attention since Bitcoin was invented in 2008, until recently investors in the United States had limited means to gain direct exposure to Ether through traditional investment channels, and instead generally were only able to hold Ether through “hosted” wallets provided by digital asset service providers or through “unhosted” wallets that expose the investor to risks associated with loss or hacking of their private keys. Given the relative novelty of digital assets, general lack of familiarity with the processes needed to hold Ether directly, as well as the potential reluctance of financial planners and advisers to recommend direct Ether holdings to their retail customers because of the manner in which such holdings are custodied, some investors have sought exposure to Ether through investment vehicles that hold Ether and issue shares representing fractional undivided interests in their underlying Ether holdings. These vehicles, which were previously offered only to “accredited investors” on a private placement basis, have in the past traded at substantial premiums to net asset value, or NAV, possibly due to the relative scarcity of traditional investment vehicles providing investment exposure to Ether.

 

In May 2024, the SEC approved rules allowing for the listing and trading of spot Ether ETPs, the shares of which can be sold in public offerings and are traded on U.S. national securities exchanges. Although we are an operating company seeking to commercialize our iGaming assets as well as continuing to maintain the intellectual property around the Company’s existing biotechnology assets, and we believe we offer a different value proposition than a passive Ether investment vehicle such as a spot Ether ETP, investors may nevertheless view our common stock as an alternative to an investment in an ETP, and choose to purchase shares of a spot Ether ETP instead of our common stock. They may do so for a variety of reasons, including if they believe that ETPs offer a “pure play” exposure to Ether that is generally not subject to federal income tax at the entity level as we are, or the other risk factors applicable to an operating business, such as ours. Additionally, unlike spot Ether ETPs, we (i) do not seek for our shares of common stock to track the value of the underlying Ether we hold before payment of expenses and liabilities, (ii) do not benefit from various exemptions and relief under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, including Regulation M, and other securities laws, which enable spot Ether ETPs to continuously align the value of their shares to the price of the underlying Ether they hold through share creation and redemption, (iii) are a Delaware corporation rather than a statutory trust, and do not operate pursuant to a trust agreement that would require us to pursue one or more stated investment objectives, and (iv) are not required to provide daily transparency as to our Ether holdings or our daily NAV. Furthermore, recommendations by broker-dealers to buy, hold, or sell complex products and non-traditional ETPs, or an investment strategy involving such products, may be subject to additional or heightened scrutiny that would not be applicable to broker-dealers making recommendations with respect to our common stock. Based on how we are viewed in the market relative to ETPs, and other vehicles that offer economic exposure to Ether, such as Ether futures ETFs and leveraged Ether futures ETFs, any premium or discount in our common stock relative to the value of our Ether holdings may increase or decrease in different market conditions.

 

As a result of the foregoing factors, availability of spot Ether ETPs on U.S. national securities exchanges could have a material adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.

 

3

 

 

The Company’s Ethereum treasury strategy may subject it to enhanced regulatory oversight.

 

As noted above, several spot Ether ETPs have received approval from the SEC to list their shares on a U.S. national securities exchange with continuous share creation and redemption at NAV. Even though we are not, and do not function in the manner of, a spot Ether ETP, it is possible that we nevertheless could face regulatory scrutiny from the SEC or other federal or state agencies due to our Ether holdings.

 

In addition, there has been increasing focus on the extent to which digital assets can be used to launder the proceeds of illegal activities, fund criminal or terrorist activities, or circumvent sanctions regimes, including those sanctions imposed in response to the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine. While we have implemented and maintain policies and procedures reasonably designed to promote compliance with applicable anti-money laundering and sanctions laws and regulations and take care to only acquire our Ether through entities subject to anti-money laundering regulation and related compliance rules in the United States, if we are found to have purchased any of our Ether from bad actors that have used Ether to launder money or persons subject to sanctions, we may be subject to regulatory proceedings and any further transactions or dealings in Ether by us may be restricted or prohibited.

 

We expect to issue convertible debentures in the future, either at the closing of our private placement (and commencement of our Ether treasury strategy) or thereafter, which we expect to be collateralized by some or all of our Ether holdings, and we may utilize other financial instruments that may be so collateralized. We may also consider pursuing strategies to create income streams or otherwise generate funds using our Ether holdings. These types of Ether-related transactions are the subject of enhanced regulatory oversight. These and any other Ether-related transactions we may enter into, beyond simply acquiring and holding Ether, may subject us to additional regulatory compliance requirements and scrutiny, including under federal and state money services regulations, money transmitter licensing requirements and various commodity and securities laws and regulations.

 

Additional laws, guidance and policies may be issued by domestic and foreign regulators following the filing for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection by FTX Trading, one of the world’s largest cryptocurrency exchanges, in November 2022. U.S. and foreign regulators have also increased, and are highly likely to continue to increase, enforcement activity, and are likely to adopt new regulatory requirements in response to FTX Trading’s collapse. Increased enforcement activity and changes in the regulatory environment, including changing interpretations and the implementation of new or varying regulatory requirements by the government or any new legislation affecting Ether, as well as enforcement actions involving or impacting our trading venues, counterparties and custodians, may impose significant costs or significantly limit our ability to hold and transact in Ether.

 

In addition, private actors that are wary of Ether or the regulatory concerns associated with Ether may in the future take further actions that may have an adverse effect on our business or the market price of our common stock.

 

The expected concentration of our Ether holdings may enhance the risks inherent in utilizing our Ethereum treasury strategy.

 

The expected concentration of our Ether holdings limits the risk mitigation that we could take advantage of by purchasing a more diversified portfolio of treasury assets, and the absence of diversification enhances the risks inherent in our Ether acquisition strategy. Any significant future decline in the price of Ether would have a more pronounced impact on our financial condition than if we used our cash to purchase a more diverse portfolio of assets.

 

4

 

 

The Company’s Ether holdings will be less liquid than existing cash and cash equivalents and may not be able to serve as a source of liquidity for it to the same extent as cash and cash equivalents.

 

Historically, the Ethereum markets have been characterized by significant volatility in price, limited liquidity and trading volumes compared to sovereign currencies markets, relative anonymity, a developing regulatory landscape, potential susceptibility to market abuse and manipulation, compliance and internal control failures at exchanges, and various other risks inherent in its entirely electronic, virtual form and decentralized network. During times of market instability, we may not be able to sell our Ether at favorable prices or at all. For example, a number of Ether trading venues temporarily halted deposits and withdrawals in 2022. As a result, our Ether holdings may not be able to serve as a source of liquidity for us to the same extent as cash and cash equivalents. Further, Ether we hold with our custodians and transact with our trade execution partners does not enjoy the same protections as are available to cash or securities deposited with or transacted by institutions subject to regulation by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Securities Investor Protection Corporation. Additionally, we may be unable to enter into term loans or other capital raising transactions collateralized by our unencumbered Ether or otherwise generate funds using our Ether holdings, including in particular during times of market instability or when the price of Ether has declined significantly. If we are unable to sell our Ether, enter into additional capital raising transactions using Ether as collateral, or otherwise generate funds using our Ether holdings, or if we are forced to sell our Ether at a significant loss, in order to meet our working capital requirements, our business and financial condition could be negatively impacted.

 

If the Company or its third-party service providers experience a security breach or cyber-attack and unauthorized parties obtain access to its Ether assets, the Company may lose some or all of its Ether assets and its financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

 

Substantially all of the Ether we will hold is expected to be held in custody accounts at U.S.-based institutional-grade digital asset custodians. Security breaches and cyberattacks are of particular concern with respect to our Ether. Ethereum and other blockchain-based cryptocurrencies and the entities that provide services to participants in the Ether ecosystem have been, and may in the future be, subject to security breaches, cyberattacks, or other malicious activities. For example, in October 2021 it was reported that hackers exploited a flaw in the account recovery process and stole from the accounts of at least 6,000 customers of the Coinbase exchange, although the flaw was subsequently fixed and Coinbase reimbursed affected customers. Similarly, in November 2022, hackers exploited weaknesses in the security architecture of the FTX Trading digital asset exchange and reportedly stole over $400 million in digital assets from customers. A successful security breach or cyberattack could result in a partial or total loss of our Ether in a manner that may not be covered by insurance or the liability provisions of the custody agreements with the custodians who hold our Ether; harm to our reputation and brand; improper disclosure of data and violations of applicable data privacy and other laws; or significant regulatory scrutiny, investigations, fines, penalties, and other legal, regulatory, contractual and financial exposure.

 

Further, any actual or perceived data security breach or cybersecurity attack directed at other companies with digital assets or companies that operate digital asset networks, regardless of whether we are directly impacted, could lead to a general loss of confidence in the broader Ethereum blockchain ecosystem or in the use of the Ether network to conduct financial transactions, which could negatively impact us.

 

5

 

 

Attacks upon systems across a variety of industries, including industries related to Ether, are increasing in frequency, persistence, and sophistication, and, in many cases, are being conducted by sophisticated, well-funded and organized groups and individuals, including state actors. The techniques used to obtain unauthorized, improper or illegal access to systems and information (including personal data and digital assets), disable or degrade services, or sabotage systems are constantly evolving, may be difficult to detect quickly, and often are not recognized or detected until after they have been launched against a target. These attacks may occur on our systems or those of our third-party service providers or partners. We may experience breaches of our security measures due to human error, malfeasance, insider threats, system errors or vulnerabilities or other irregularities. In particular, we expect that unauthorized parties will attempt to gain access to our systems and facilities, as well as those of our partners and third-party service providers, through various means, such as hacking, social engineering, phishing and fraud. Threats can come from a variety of sources, including criminal hackers, hacktivists, state-sponsored intrusions, industrial espionage, and insiders. In addition, certain types of attacks could harm us even if our systems are left undisturbed. For example, certain threats are designed to remain dormant or undetectable, sometimes for extended periods of time, or until launched against a target and we may not be able to implement adequate preventative measures. Further, there has been an increase in such activities due to the increase in work-from-home arrangements. The risk of cyberattacks could also be increased by cyberwarfare in connection with the ongoing Russia-Ukraine and Israel-Hamas conflicts, or other future conflicts, including potential proliferation of malware into systems unrelated to such conflicts. Any future breach of our operations or those of others in the Ether industry, including third-party services on which we rely, could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

 

The launch of central bank digital currencies may adversely affect the Company’s ability to successfully manage its Ethereum treasury strategy and, consequently, its business.

 

The introduction of a government-issued digital currency could eliminate or reduce the need or demand for private-sector issued crypto currencies or significantly limit their utility. National governments around the world could introduce central bank digital currency (“CBDC”), which could in turn limit the size of the market opportunity for cryptocurrencies, including Ether.

 

We are not subject to legal and regulatory obligations that apply to investment companies, such as mutual funds and exchange-traded funds, or to obligations applicable to investment advisers.

 

Intellectual property disputes related to the open-source structure of digital asset networks expose us to risks related to software development, security vulnerabilities and potential disruptions to digital asset technology could threaten our ability to operate.

 

Digital asset networks are open-source projects and, although there may be an influential group of leaders in the network community, generally there is no official developer or group of developers that formally controls the digital asset network. Without guaranteed financial incentives, there may be insufficient resources to address emerging issues, upgrade security or implement necessary improvements to the network in a timely manner. If the digital asset network’s software is not properly maintained or developed, it could become vulnerable to security threats, operational inefficiencies and reduced trust, all of which could negatively impact the digital assets’ long-term viability and our business.

 

6

 

 

The irreversibility of digital asset transactions exposes us to risks of theft, loss and human error, which could negatively impact our business.

 

Digital asset transactions are not, from an administrative perspective, reversible without the consent and active participation of the recipient of the transaction or, in theory, control or consent of a majority of the processing power on that digital asset network. Once a transaction has been verified and recorded in a block that is added to the blockchain, an incorrect transfer of digital assets or a theft of digital assets generally will not be reversible, and we may not be capable of seeking compensation for any such transfer or theft.

 

We plan to regularly transfer digital assets, and it is possible that, through computer or human error, or through theft or criminal action, such assets could be transferred in incorrect amounts or to unauthorized third parties.

 

To the extent we are unable to seek a corrective transaction to identify the third party which has received our digital assets through error or theft, we will be unable to revert or otherwise recover the impacted digital assets, and any such loss could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

We will be subject to significant competition in the growing digital asset industry and the Company’s business, operating results, and financial condition may be adversely affected if the Company is unable to compete effectively.

 

Following the deployment of the Company’s proposed Ethereum treasury strategy, the Company will operate in a competitive environment and will compete against other companies and other entities with similar strategies, including companies with significant holdings in Bitcoin, Ether and other digital assets, and the Company’s business, operating results, and financial condition may be adversely affected if the Company is unable to compete effectively.

 

The emergence or growth of other digital assets, including those with significant private or public sector backing, including by governments, consortiums or financial institutions, could have a negative impact on the price of Ether and, consequently, adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

 

Following the deployment of the Company’s proposed Ethereum treasury strategy, we expect our assets to be concentrated in Ether holdings. Accordingly, the emergence or growth of digital assets other than Ether may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition. As of July 24, 2025, Ethereum was the second largest digital asset by market capitalization (with Bitcoin being the largest). However, there are numerous alternative digital assets and many entities, including consortiums and financial institutions, are researching and investing resources into private or permissioned blockchain platforms or digital assets that do not use “proof-of-stake” like the Ethereum network. If the mechanisms for validating transactions in Bitcoin (which uses “proof-of-work”) and other alternative digital assets are perceived as superior to “proof-of-stake” mining, those digital assets could gain market share relative to Ethereum.

 

Other alternative digital assets that compete with Ethereum in certain ways include “stablecoins,” which are designed to maintain a constant price related to or based on some other asset or traditional currency because of, for instance, their issuers’ promise to hold high-quality liquid assets (such as U.S. dollar deposits and short-term U.S. treasury securities) equal to the total value of stablecoins in circulation. In June 2025, the U.S. Senate passed the “GENIUS Act,” which would establish a federal framework for “payment stablecoins,” treating them as payment systems, not securities, and mandating fiat-backed reserves, monthly disclosures, anti-money laundering safeguards, and similar measures. Stablecoins have grown rapidly as an alternative to Ether and other digital assets as a medium of exchange and store of value, particularly on digital asset trading platforms, and their use as an alternative to Ether could expand further if the GENIUS Act is enacted as law. As of July 24, 2025, two of the seven largest digital assets by market capitalization were U.S. dollar-pegged stablecoins.

 

7

 

 

Additionally, central banks in some countries have started to introduce digital forms of legal tender. For example, China has its own CDBC, and governments including the United States, the United Kingdom, the European Union, and Israel have been discussing the potential creation of new CBDCs. Whether or not they incorporate blockchain or similar technology, CBDCs, as legal tender in the issuing jurisdiction, could also compete with, or replace, Ether and other digital assets as a medium of exchange or store of value. As a result, the emergence or growth of these or other digital assets could cause the market price of Ether to decrease, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition, and operating results.

 

Our historical financial statements do not reflect the potential variability in earnings that we may experience in the future relating to our Ether holdings.

 

Our historical financial statements do not reflect the potential variability in earnings that we may experience in the future from holding or selling significant amounts of Ether.

 

The price of Ether has historically been subject to dramatic price fluctuations and is highly volatile. We expect to determine the fair value of our Ether based on quoted (unadjusted) prices on the Coinbase exchange, and following early adoption of ASU 2023-08, will be required to measure our Ether holdings at fair value in our statement of financial position, and to recognize gains and losses from changes in the fair value of our Ether in net income each reporting period, which may create significant volatility in our reported earnings and decrease the carrying value of our digital assets, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on the market price of our common stock. Conversely, any sale of Ether at prices above our carrying value for such assets creates a gain for financial reporting purposes even if we would otherwise incur an economic or tax loss with respect to such transaction, which also may result in significant volatility in our reported earnings.

 

Due in particular to the volatility in the price of Ether, we expect our early adoption of ASU 2023-08 to increase the volatility of our financial results and it could significantly affect the carrying value of our Ether on our balance sheet.

 

Because we intend to purchase additional Ether in the future and increase our overall holdings of Ether, we expect that the proportion of our total assets represented by our Ether holdings will increase in the future. As a result, and in particular with respect to the quarterly periods and full fiscal year with respect to which ASU 2023-08 will apply, and for all future periods, volatility in our earnings may be significantly more than what we experienced in prior periods.

 

Absent federal regulations, there is a possibility that Ether may be classified as a “security.” Any classification of Ether as a “security” would subject us to additional regulation and could materially impact the operation of our business.

 

Neither the SEC nor any other U.S. federal or state regulator has publicly stated whether they agree that Ether is a “security.” Despite the Executive Order titled “Strengthening American Leadership in Digital Financial Technology” which includes as an objective, “protecting and promoting the ability of individual citizens and private sector entities alike to access and … to maintain self-custody of digital assets,” Ether has not yet been classified with respect to U.S. federal securities laws. Therefore, while (for the reasons discussed below) we believe that Ether is not a “security” within the meaning of the U.S. federal securities laws, and registration of the Company under The Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), is therefore not required under the applicable securities laws, we acknowledge that a regulatory body or federal court may determine otherwise. Our belief, even if reasonable under the circumstances, would not preclude legal or regulatory action based on such a finding that Ether is a “security” which would require us to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.

 

8

 

 

To establish this belief, we have taken into account a number of factors, including the various definitions of “security” under U.S. federal securities laws and federal court decisions interpreting the elements of these definitions, such as the U.S. Supreme Court’s decisions in the Howey and Reves cases, as well as court rulings, reports, orders, press releases, public statements, and speeches by the SEC Commissioners and SEC Staff providing guidance on when a digital asset or a transaction to which a digital asset may relate may be a security for purposes of U.S. federal securities laws. Our position that Ether is not a “security” is premised, among other reasons, on our conclusion Ether does not meet the elements of the Howey test. Among the reasons for our conclusion that Ether is not a security is that holders of Ether do not have a reasonable expectation of profits from our efforts in respect of their holding of Ether. Also, Ether ownership does not convey the right to receive any interest, rewards, or other returns.

 

We acknowledge, however, that the SEC, a federal court or another relevant entity could take a different view. The regulatory treatment of Ether is such that it has drawn significant attention from legislative and regulatory bodies, in particular the SEC which has previously stated it deemed Ether a security. Application of securities laws to the specific facts and circumstances of digital assets is complex and subject to change. Our conclusion, even if reasonable under the circumstances, would not preclude legal or regulatory action based on a finding that Ether, or any other digital asset we might hold is a “security.” As such, we are at risk of enforcement proceedings against us, which could result in potential injunctions, cease-and-desist orders, fines, and penalties if Ether was determined to be a security by a regulatory body or a court. Such developments could subject us to fines, penalties, and other damages, and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.

 

The classification of digital assets that we will hold as a commodity could subject us to additional Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) regulation, resulting in significant compliance costs or the cessation of certain operations.

 

Under current interpretations, Ether is classified as a commodity under the Commodity Exchange Act and is subject to regulation by the CFTC. If our activities require CFTC registration, we may be required to comply with extensive regulatory obligations, which could result in significant costs and operational disruptions. Additionally, current and future legislative or regulatory developments, including new CFTC interpretations, could further impact how Ether and Ether derivatives are classified and traded.

 

If Ether is further regulated as a commodity, we may be required to register as a commodity pool operator and register the Company as a commodity pool with the CFTC through the National Futures Association. Compliance with these additional regulatory requirements could result in substantial, non-recurring expenses, adversely affecting an investment in our securities. If we determine not to comply with such regulations, we may be forced to cease certain operations, which could negatively impact our investors.

 

Changes in regulatory interpretations could require us to register as a money services business or money transmitter, leading to increased compliance costs or operational shutdowns.

 

The regulatory regime for digital assets in the U.S. and elsewhere is uncertain. The Company may be unable to effectively react to proposed legislation and regulation of digital assets, which could adversely affect its business.

 

If regulatory changes or interpretations require us to register as a money services business with FinCEN under the U.S. Bank Secrecy Act, or as a money transmitter under state laws, we may be subject to extensive regulatory requirements, resulting in significant compliance costs and operational burdens. In such a case, we may incur extraordinary expenses to meet these requirements or, alternatively, may determine that continued operations are not viable. If we decide to cease certain operations in response to new regulatory obligations, such actions could occur at a time that is unfavorable to investors.

 

Multiple states have implemented or proposed regulatory frameworks for digital asset businesses. Compliance with such state-specific regulations may increase costs or impact our business operations. Further, if we or our service providers are unable to comply with evolving federal or state regulations, we may be forced to dissolve or liquidate certain operations, which could materially impact our investors.

 

9

 

 

We are not subject to legal and regulatory obligations that apply to investment companies such as mutual funds and exchange-traded funds, or to obligations applicable to investment advisers.

 

Mutual funds, ETFs and their directors and management are subject to extensive regulation as “investment companies” and “investment advisers” under U.S. federal and state law; this regulation is intended for the benefit and protection of investors. We are not subject to, and do not otherwise voluntarily comply with, these laws and regulations. This means, among other things, that the execution of our changes to our digital asset strategy, our use of leverage, our ability to engage in transactions with affiliated parties and our operating and investment activities generally are not subject to the extensive legal and regulatory requirements and prohibitions that apply to investment companies and investment advisers.

 

If we were deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act, applicable restrictions likely would make it impractical for us to continue our business as currently conducted and our Ether treasury functions as currently contemplated.

 

Under Sections 3(a)(1)(A) and (C) of the Investment Company Act, a company generally will be deemed to be an “investment company” if (i) it is, or holds itself out as being, engaged primarily, or proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting, or trading in securities or (ii) it engages, or proposes to engage, in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding, or trading in securities and it owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40% of the value of its total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities, shares of registered money market funds under Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act, and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis. Rule 3a-1 under the Investment Company Act generally provides that notwithstanding the Section 3(a)(1)(C) test described in clause (ii) above, an entity will not be deemed to be an “investment company” for purposes of the Investment Company Act if no more than 45% of the value of its assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities, shares of registered money market funds under Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act, and cash items) consists of, and no more than 45% of its net income after taxes (for the past four fiscal quarters combined) is derived from, securities other than U.S. government securities, shares of registered money market funds under Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act, securities issued by employees’ securities companies, securities issued by qualifying majority owned subsidiaries of such entity, and securities issued by qualifying companies that are controlled primarily by such entity. We do not believe that we are an “investment company” as such term is defined in either Section 3(a)(1)(A) or Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act.

 

Recently, we have begun focusing on pursuing opportunities to expand our portfolio into digital assets. With respect to Section 3(a)(1)(A), following the proposed offering, virtually all of the proceeds of the proposed offering will be used to acquire Ether, which is an amount in excess of 40% of our total assets. Since we believe Ether is not an investment security, we do not hold ourselves out as being engaged primarily, or propose to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting, or trading in securities within the meaning of Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act.

 

With respect to Section 3(a)(1)(C), we believe we satisfy the elements of Rule 3a-1 and therefore are deemed not to be an investment company under, and we intend to conduct our operations such that we will not be deemed an investment company under, Section 3(a)(1)(C). We believe that we are not an investment company pursuant to Rule 3a-1 under the Investment Company Act because, on a consolidated basis with respect to wholly-owned subsidiaries but otherwise on an unconsolidated basis, no more than 45% of the value of the Company’s total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities, shares of registered money market funds under Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act, and cash items) consists of, and no more than 45% of the Company’s net income after taxes (for the last four fiscal quarters combined) is derived from, securities other than U.S. government securities, shares of registered money market funds under Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act, securities issued by employees’ securities companies, securities issued by qualifying majority owned subsidiaries of the Company, and securities issued by qualifying companies that are controlled primarily by the Company.

 

10

 

 

Ether and other digital assets, as well as new business models and transactions enabled by blockchain technologies, present novel interpretive questions under the Investment Company Act. There is a risk that assets or arrangements that we have concluded are not securities could be deemed to be securities by the SEC or another authority for purposes of the Investment Company Act, which would increase the percentage of securities held by us for Investment Company Act purposes. The SEC has requested information from a number of participants in the digital assets ecosystem, regarding the potential application of the Investment Company Act to their businesses. For example, in an action unrelated to the Company, in February 2022, the SEC issued a cease-and-desist order under the Investment Company Act to BlockFi Lending LLC, in which the SEC alleged that BlockFi was operating as an unregistered investment company because it issued securities and also held more than 40% of its total assets, excluding cash, in investment securities, including the loans of digital assets made by BlockFi to institutional borrowers.

 

If we were deemed to be an investment company, Rule 3a-2 under the Investment Company Act is a safe harbor that provides a one-year grace period for transient investment companies that have a bona fide intent to be engaged primarily, as soon as is reasonably possible (in any event by the termination of such one-year period), in a business other than that of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding, or trading in securities, with such intent evidenced by the company’s business activities and an appropriate resolution of its board of directors. The grace period is available not more than once every three years and runs from the earlier of (i) the date on which the issuer owns securities and/or cash having a value exceeding 50% of the issuer’s total assets on either a consolidated or unconsolidated basis or (ii) the date on which the issuer owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40% of the value of such issuer’s total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis. Accordingly, the grace period may not be available at the time that we seek to rely on Rule 3a-2; however, Rule 3a-2 is a safe harbor and we may rely on any exemption or exclusion from investment company status available to us under the Investment Company Act at any given time. Furthermore, reliance on Rule 3a-2, Section 3(a)(1)(C), or Rule 3a-1 could require us to take actions to dispose of securities, limit our ability to make certain investments or enter into joint ventures, or otherwise limit or change our service offerings and operations. If we were to be deemed an investment company in the future, restrictions imposed by the Investment Company Act — including limitations on our ability to issue different classes of stock and equity compensation to directors, officers, and employees and restrictions on management, operations, and transactions with affiliated persons — likely would make it impractical for us to continue our business as contemplated, and could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.

 

Transactions using Ether require the payment of “gas fees,” which are subject to fluctuations that may result in high transaction fees.

 

Transactions using Ether, including purchases, sales and staking, require the payment of “gas fees” in Ether. Gas fees are payments made by the user to compensate for the computational energy required to process and validate transactions, such as purchases, sales and staking, on the Ether network. These fees can fluctuate and can be very expensive relative to the cost of the transaction depending upon congestion and demand on the network. If fees are high, the cost of a transaction will potentially decrease the return of the investment, which could be negative. High gas fees may also cause delays in the execution of a transaction, which could affect the preferred timing of execution and may lead to execution of a transaction during inopportune times. In addition, gas fees are paid in Ether itself, which would require that sufficient Ether balances are maintained. Future upgrades to the Ethereum protocol, regulatory changes, or technical issues could also adversely impact the cost of gas fees and could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, treasury and prospects. Ether is created and transmitted through the operations of the peer-to-peer Ethereum network, a decentralized network of computers running software following the Ethereum protocol. If the Ethereum network is disrupted or encounters any unanticipated difficulties, the value of Ethereum could be negatively impacted.

 

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If the Ethereum network is disrupted or encounters any unanticipated difficulties, then the processing of transactions on the Ethereum network may be disrupted, which in turn may prevent us from depositing or withdrawing Ether from our accounts with our custodian or otherwise effecting Ether transactions. Such disruptions could include, for example: the price volatility of Ether; the insolvency, business failure, interruption, default, failure to perform, security breach, or other problems of participants, custodians, or others; the closing of Ether trading platforms due to fraud, failures, security breaches, or otherwise; or network outages or congestion, power outages, or other problems or disruptions affecting the Ethereum network.

 

In addition, although we do not currently intend to mine Ether, digital asset validating operations can consume significant amounts of electricity, which may have a negative environmental impact and give rise to public opinion against allowing, or government regulations restricting, the use of electricity for validating operations. Additionally, validators may be forced to cease operations during an electricity shortage or power outage.

 

Lending arrangements may expose us to risks of borrower default, operational failures and cybersecurity threats.

 

From time to time, we may generate income through lending our Ether to third party borrowers, which carries significant risks. The volatility of the market price of Ether increases the likelihood that borrowers may default due to market downturns, liquidity crises, fraud or other financial distress. These lending transactions may be unsecured, and so may be subordinated to secured debt of the borrower. If a borrower becomes insolvent, we may be unable to recover the loaned Ether, leading to substantial financial losses.

 

Additionally, digital asset lending platforms are vulnerable to operational and cybersecurity risks. Technical failures, software bugs or system outages could disrupt lending activities, delay transactions or result in inaccurate record-keeping. Cybersecurity threats, including hacking, phishing and other malicious attacks, pose further risks, potentially leading to the loss, theft or misappropriation of our loaned Ether. A successful cyberattack or security breach could materially and adversely impact our financial position, reputation and ability to conduct future lending activities.

 

We face risks relating to the custody of our Ether, including the loss or destruction of private keys required to access our Ether and cyberattacks or other data loss relating to our Ether, including smart contract related losses and vulnerabilities.

 

We will hold our Ether with Coinbase, a regulated custodian, that has duties to safeguard our private keys. While we may use other custodians in the future, initially, our Ether holdings will be concentrated with a single custodian.

 

If we believe at any time that Coinbase cannot safely custody our Ether, for example, due to regulatory developments or enforcement actions that cause Coinbase to discontinue or limit its services in the United States, we may need to enter into agreements with other custodians that are less favorable than our agreement with Coinbase, or take other measures to custody our Ether, and our ability to seek a greater degree of diversification in the use of custodial services would be materially adversely affected. While we conduct due diligence on our custodians and any smart contract platforms we may use, there can be no assurance that such diligence will uncover all risks, including operational deficiencies, hidden vulnerabilities or legal noncompliance.

 

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Any insurance that we may obtain covering losses of our Ether holdings may cover none or only a small fraction of the value of the entirety of our Ether holdings, and there can be no guarantee that such insurance will be maintained as part of the custodial services we have or that such coverage will cover losses with respect to our Ether. Moreover, our use of custodians exposes us to the risk that the Ether our custodians hold on our behalf could be subject to insolvency proceedings and we could be treated as a general unsecured creditor of the custodian, inhibiting our ability to exercise ownership rights with respect to such Ether. Any loss associated with such insolvency proceedings is unlikely to be covered by any insurance coverage we maintain related to our Ether. The legal framework governing digital asset ownership and rights in custodial or insolvency contexts remains uncertain and continues to evolve, which could result in unexpected losses, protracted recovery processes or adverse treatment in insolvency proceedings.

 

Ether is controllable only by the possessor of both the unique public key and private key(s) relating to the local or online digital wallet in which the Ether is held. While the Ether blockchain ledger requires a public key relating to a digital wallet to be published when used in a transaction, private keys must be safeguarded and kept private in order to prevent a third party from accessing the Ether held in such wallet. To the extent the private key(s) for a digital wallet are lost, destroyed, or otherwise compromised and no backup of the private key(s) is accessible, neither we nor our custodians will be able to access the Ether held in the related digital wallet. Furthermore, we cannot provide assurance that our digital wallets, nor the digital wallets of our custodians held on our behalf, will not be compromised as a result of a cyberattack. The Ether and blockchain ledger, as well as other digital assets and blockchain technologies, have been, and may in the future be, subject to security breaches, cyberattacks, or other malicious activities.

 

As part of our Ether treasury management strategy, we expect to engage in staking, restaking, and other permitted activities that involve the use of “smart contracts” or decentralized applications. The use of smart contracts or decentralized applications entails certain risks including risks stemming from the existence of an “admin key” or coding flaws that could be exploited, potentially allowing a bad actor to issue or otherwise compromise the smart contract or decentralized application, potentially leading to a loss of our Ether. Like all software code, smart contracts are exposed to risk that the code contains a bug or other security vulnerability, which can lead to loss of assets that are held on or transacted through the contract or decentralized application. Smart contracts and decentralized applications may contain bugs, security vulnerabilities or poorly designed permission structures that could result in the irreversible loss of Ether or other digital assets. Exploits, including those stemming from admin key misuse, admin key compromise, or protocol flaws, have occurred in the past and may occur in the future.

 

 

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