As filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on May 27, 2025.
Registration No. 333-287258
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
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AMENDMENT NO. 1
FORM F-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
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Charming Medical Limited
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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British Virgin Islands |
2833 |
Not Applicable |
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(State or other jurisdiction of |
(Primary Standard Industrial |
(I.R.S. Employer |
Units 1803-1806, 18/F, Hang Lung Centre
2-20 Paterson Street, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong
Tel: +852 2116 1492
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
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Cogency Global Inc.
122 East 42nd Street, 18th Floor
New York, NY 10168
+1 (212) 947-7200
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
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Copies to:
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William S. Rosenstadt, Esq. |
Anthony W. Basch, Esq. |
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Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to public: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
If any securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933.
Emerging growth company ☒
If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐
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† The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.
The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to such Section 8(a), may determine.
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We will not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
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PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS |
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED MAY 27, 2025 |
Charming Medical Limited
1,600,000 Class A Ordinary Shares
This is an initial public offering (the “Offering”) on a firm commitment basis of our Class A ordinary shares, par value $0.0001 per share, of Charming Medical Limited, a British Virgin Islands (“BVI”) business company. The Class A Ordinary Shares that we are offering represent 10.71% of the Class A Ordinary Shares following completion of the Offering, assuming the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option in full. Following the Offering, 10.71% of the Class A Ordinary Shares will be held by public shareholders, assuming the underwriters do not exercise the over-allotment option.
We anticipate that the initial public offering price (the “Offering Price”) will be between US$4.00 and US$6.00 per Class A Ordinary Share. Prior to this Offering, there has been no public market for our Class A Ordinary Shares. We plan to list our Class A Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market (the “Nasdaq”) under the symbol “MCTA.” This Offering is contingent upon us listing our Class A Ordinary Shares on Nasdaq. However, there is no assurance that such application will be approved, and if our application is not approved by Nasdaq, this Offering cannot be completed.
Unless otherwise indicated, all share amounts and per share amounts in this prospectus have been presented giving effect to a forward split of our ordinary shares at a ratio of 1-for-1,500, as a result of which the Company’s authorized shares was changed to 75,000,000 shares with a par value of US$0.0001, divided as 60,000,000 class A ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.0001 per share (the “Class A Ordinary Shares”) and 15,000,000 class B ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.0001 per share (the “Class B Ordinary Shares”), approved by our board of directors on October 18, 2024.
Our issued share capital is a dual-class structure consisting of Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares. Class A Ordinary Shares are the only class of Ordinary Shares being offered in this Offering. Holders of Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares shall vote together as one class on all resolutions of the shareholders and have the same rights except each Class A Ordinary Share shall entitle its holder to one (1) vote and each Class B Ordinary Share shall entitle its holder to twenty (20) votes. Each Class B Ordinary Share is convertible into one (1) Class A Ordinary Share at any time at the option of the holder thereof but Class A Ordinary Shares are not convertible into Class B Ordinary Shares.
Charming Medical is a holding company incorporated in the BVI with no material operations of its own, and we conduct all our operations in Hong Kong through our subsidiaries, Pilate International Trading Limited (“Pilate,” formerly known as Peden Co., Limited), My Beauty Technology Limited (“My Beauty Technology”), Dream International Trading (Hong Kong) Limited (“Dream International Trading”), and Choliya Limited (“Choliya”), all of which were established under the laws of Hong Kong. Throughout this prospectus, unless the context indicates otherwise, any references to “we,” “us,” “our,” “Charming Medical,” “our Company,” and the “Company” are to Charming Medical Limited, a BVI business company, and when describing Charming Medical’s consolidated financial information for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, and for the six months ended September 30, 2024, also include Charming Medical’s subsidiaries. References to “Operating Subsidiaries” are to Pilate, My Beauty Technology, Dream International Trading, and Choliya. References to “Beautylab BVI” are to Beautylab Group Medical Limited, a BVI business company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Charming Medical. For a discussion of the risks associated with our corporate structure, see “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Corporate Structure” on page 40.
Investors are cautioned that you are buying shares of a BVI holding company with operations in Hong Kong by its operating subsidiaries. This is an offering of the Class A Ordinary Shares of Charming Medical, instead of shares of the Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong. Investors in this Offering will not directly hold equity interests in the Operating Subsidiaries. This structure involves unique risks to the investors, and the PRC regulatory authorities could disallow this structure, which would likely result in a material change in our operations and/or a material change in the value of the securities. Charming Medical is registering for sale, and such event could cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or become worthless. Investors in our Class A Ordinary Shares should also be aware that they will not and may never directly hold equity interests in the Operating Subsidiaries, but rather purchase equity solely in Charming Medical, the BVI holding company. Furthermore, shareholders may face difficulties enforcing their legal rights under United States securities laws against our directors and officers who are located outside of the United States.
Investing in our Class A Ordinary Shares involves a high degree of risk, including the risk of losing your entire investment. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 23 to read about factors you should consider before buying our Class A Ordinary Shares.
All of our operations are conducted by the Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong, a special administrative region of the People’s Republic of China (“China” or the “PRC”), with its own governmental and legal system that is independent from Mainland China, including having its own distinct laws and regulations. We do not have any operation or maintain office or personnel in Mainland China, nor currently do we have, nor intend to have, any contractual arrangements to establish a variable interest entity (“VIE”) structure with any entity in Mainland China. However, as advised by Fairbairn Catley Low & Kong (“FCLK”), our counsel as to the laws of Hong Kong, since (i) our operations are located in Hong Kong, which is a special administrative region of the PRC, and (ii) only a small number of our customers are Mainland China individuals, we are subject to certain legal and operational risks associated with our Operating Subsidiaries being based in Hong Kong, and the legal and operational risks associated with operating in Mainland China may also apply to our operations in Hong Kong. We may be subject to unique risks due to the uncertainty of the interpretation and the application of the PRC laws and regulations, and the oversight and control over overseas securities offerings by the PRC government. We are also subject to the risks of uncertainty about any future actions of the PRC government or authorities in Hong Kong in this regard. The PRC government may intervene or influence the current and future operations in Hong Kong at any time or may exert more oversight and control over offerings conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in issuers like us. Such governmental actions:
• could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares;
• could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to continue our operations;
• could significantly limit or hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer our Class A Ordinary Shares to investors; and
• may cause the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or be worthless.
We are aware that, the PRC government initiated a series of regulatory actions and statements to regulate business operations in certain areas in Mainland China with little advance notice, including cracking down on illegal activities in the securities market, enhancing supervision over China-based companies listed overseas using VIE structure, adopting new measures to extend the scope of cybersecurity reviews, and expanding the efforts in anti-monopoly enforcement. See “Prospectus Summary — Regulatory Development in the PRC” on page 11. Since these statements and regulatory actions are new, it is highly uncertain how soon the legislative or administrative regulation making bodies will respond and what existing or new laws or regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations will be modified or promulgated, if any. It is also highly uncertain what the potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on our Operating Subsidiaries’ daily business operation, their ability to accept foreign investments and the listing of our Class A Ordinary Shares on a U.S. or other foreign exchanges. These actions could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares and could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer our Class A Ordinary Shares to investors.
On August 20, 2021, the 30th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People’s Congress voted and passed the “Personal Information Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China,” or “PRC Personal Information Protection Law,” which became effective on November 1, 2021. The PRC Personal Information Protection Law applies to the processing of personal information of natural persons within the territory of Mainland China that is carried out outside of Mainland China where (1) such processing is for the purpose of providing products or services for natural persons within Mainland China, (2) such processing is to analyze or evaluate the behavior of natural persons within Mainland China, or (3) there are any other circumstances stipulated by related laws and administrative regulations. On December 24, 2021, the China Securities Regulatory Commission (“CSRC”), together with other relevant government authorities in Mainland China issued the Provisions of the State Council on the Administration of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (Draft for Comments) and the Measures for the Filing of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (Draft for Comments) (collectively to be referred as the “Draft Overseas Listing Regulations”). The Draft Overseas Listing Regulations require that a Mainland China domestic enterprise seeking to issue and list its shares overseas (“Overseas Issuance and Listing”) shall complete the filing procedures of and submit the relevant information to the CSRC. The Overseas Issuance and Listing include direct and indirect issuance and listing. Where an enterprise whose principal business activities are conducted in Mainland China seeks to issue and list its shares in the name of an overseas enterprise (“Overseas Issuer”) on the basis of the equity, assets, income or other similar rights and interests of the relevant Mainland China domestic enterprise, such activities
shall be deemed an indirect overseas issuance and listing (“Indirect Overseas Issuance and Listing”) under the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations. On December 28, 2021, the Cyberspace Administration of China (the “CAC”) jointly with the relevant authorities formally published the Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021) which took effect on February 15, 2022 and replaced the former Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2020) issued on July 10, 2021. The Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021) provide that operators of critical information infrastructure purchasing network products and services, and online platform operators carrying out data processing activities that affect or may affect national security (together with the operators of critical information infrastructure, the “Operators”), shall conduct a cybersecurity review and that any online platform operator who controls more than one million users’ personal information must go through a cybersecurity review by the cybersecurity review office if it seeks to be listed in a foreign country.
On February 17, 2023, the CSRC promulgated the Trial Administrative Measures of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (the “Trial Administrative Measures”) and five supporting guidelines, which came into effect on March 31, 2023. According to the Trial Administrative Measures, among other requirements, (1) domestic companies that seek to offer or list securities overseas, both directly and indirectly, should fulfil the filing procedures with the CSRC; if a domestic company fails to complete the filing procedures, such domestic company may be subject to administrative penalties; (2) where a domestic company seeks to indirectly offer and list securities in an overseas market, the issuer shall designate a major domestic operating entity responsible for all filing procedures with the CSRC, and such filings shall be submitted to the CSRC within three business days after the submission of the overseas offering and listing application.
Furthermore, on February 24, 2023, the CSRC revised the Provisions on Strengthening the Management of Confidentiality and Archives Related to the Overseas Issuance of Securities and Overseas Listing by Domestic Companies which were issued in 2009, or the Archives Rules. The revised Archives Rules came into effect on March 31, 2023 together with the Trial Administrative Measures. The revised Archives Rules expand their application to cover indirect overseas offering and listing, by stipulating that a domestic company which plans to publicly disclose or provide to relevant individuals or entities, including securities companies, securities service providers and overseas regulators, any documents and materials containing state secrets or working secrets of government agencies, shall first obtain approval from competent authorities according to law, and file with the secrecy administrative department at the same level.
On December 28, 2021, 13 governmental departments of the PRC, including the CAC, issued the Cybersecurity Review Measures, which became effective on February 15, 2022. The Cybersecurity Review Measures provides that, in addition to critical information infrastructure operators (“CIIOs”) that intend to purchase Internet products and services, online platform operators engaging in data processing activities that affect or may affect national security must be subject to cybersecurity review by the Cybersecurity Review Office of the PRC. According to the Cybersecurity Review Measures, a cybersecurity review assesses potential national security risks that may be brought about by any procurement, data processing, or overseas listing. The Cybersecurity Review Measures further require that CIIOs and data processing operators that possess personal data of at least one million users must apply for a review by the Cybersecurity Review Office of the PRC before conducting listings in foreign countries.
As advised by FCLK, our counsel as to the laws of Hong Kong, according to Article 18 of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (the “Basic Law”), national laws of the PRC shall not be applied in Hong Kong, except for those listed in Annex III to the Basic Law, such as the laws relating to the national flag, national anthem, and diplomatic privileges and immunities. Further, there is no legislation mandating that the laws in Hong Kong shall be in line with those in the PRC. As a result, national laws of the PRC not listed in Annex III of the Basic Law, including rules and regulations established by the CAC and the CSRC, do not apply to our businesses in Hong Kong.
Charming Medical is a holding company incorporated in the BVI with Operating Subsidiaries based in Hong Kong. It does not have any VIE structure and has no operations in Mainland China, nor is it controlled by any companies or individuals of Mainland China. Further, we are headquartered in Hong Kong with our officers and all members of the Board of Directors based in Hong Kong who are not Mainland China citizens and all of our revenues and profits are generated by our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong. In other words, we have not generated revenues or profits from Mainland China in the most recent accounting year accounts for more than 50% of the corresponding figure in our audited consolidated financial statements for the same period. As of the date of this prospectus, neither we, nor our subsidiaries have received any formal inquiry, notice, warning, sanction, or objection from the CSRC with respect to the listing of the Company’s Class A Ordinary Shares. Therefore, based on the relevant facts above, and as advised
by our PRC legal counsel, East & Concord Partners, we believe, based on PRC laws and regulations effective as of the date of this prospectus, (i) neither we, nor our subsidiaries, are “PRC domestic companies” which are subject to the Trial Administrative Measure; and (ii) neither we, nor our subsidiaries are required to obtain regulatory approval from the CSRC or go through the filing procedures under the Trial Administrative Measures before our Class A Ordinary Shares can be listed or offered in the U.S.
Our Operating Subsidiaries may collect and store certain data (including certain personal information) from our customers, some of whom may be individuals in Mainland China, in connection with our business and operations and for “Know Your Customers” purposes (to combat money laundering). We believe that we and our Operating Subsidiaries will not be deemed to be an “operator of critical information infrastructure,” any “data processor” carrying out data processing activities, and we are not subject to cybersecurity review by the CAC for this Offering or required to obtain regulatory approval from the CAC nor any other PRC authorities for our and our subsidiaries’ operations Hong Kong, since (i) our Operating Subsidiaries were incorporated in Hong Kong and operate in Hong Kong and has no, without any VIE structure; and each of the Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021), the PRC Personal Information Protection Law and the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations do not clearly provide whether shall be applied to a Hong Kong company; (ii) as of date of this prospectus, our Operating Subsidiaries have in aggregate collected and stored personal information of less than one million individuals in Mainland China and we have acquired our customers’ separate consents for collecting and storing their personal information and data; (iii) data processed in our business should not have a bearing on national security nor affect or may affect national security; (iv) all of the data that our Operating Subsidiaries have collected is stored in servers located in Hong Kong; (v) as of the date of this prospectus, neither us nor our Operating Subsidiaries have been informed by any PRC governmental authority of being classified as an “Operator” or a “data processor” that is subject to CAC cybersecurity review or a CSRC review; and (v) pursuant to the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the PRC, or the Basic Law, PRC laws and regulations shall not be applied in Hong Kong except for those listed in Annex III of the Basic Law (which is confined to laws relating to national defense, foreign affairs and other matters that are not within the scope of autonomy).
However, given the uncertainties arising from the legal system in Mainland China and Hong Kong, including uncertainties regarding the interpretation and enforcement of PRC laws and the significant authority of the PRC government to intervene or influence the offshore holding company headquartered in Hong Kong, there remains significant uncertainty in the interpretation and enforcement of relevant Mainland China laws and other regulations. Since these laws, regulations and regulatory actions are relatively new, it is highly uncertain how soon the legislative or administrative regulation making bodies will respond and what existing or new laws or regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations will be modified or promulgated, if any. It is also highly uncertain what the potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on our Operating Subsidiaries’ daily business operation and the listing of our Class A Ordinary Shares on the United States or other foreign exchanges. As the Trial Administrative Measures was newly promulgated, its interpretation, application and enforcement remain unclear and there also remains significant uncertainty as to the enactment, interpretation and implementation of other regulatory requirements related to overseas securities offerings and other capital markets activities. If Trial Administrative Measures become applicable to us or our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong, or if we or our Operating Subsidiaries is subject to cybersecurity review, or if the Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021) or the PRC Personal Information Protection Law become applicable to our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong, the business operation of our Operating Subsidiaries and the listing of our Class A Ordinary Shares in the United States could be subject to the CAC or the CSRC review in the future. If the applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations change and our Operating Subsidiaries become subject to the CAC or CSRC review, we cannot assure you that our Operating Subsidiaries will be able to comply with the regulatory requirements in all respects and our Operating Subsidiaries’ current practice of collecting and processing personal information may be ordered to be rectified or terminated by regulatory authorities. If we or our Operating Subsidiaries were required to obtain such permissions or approvals in the future in connection with the listing or continued listing of our securities on a stock exchange outside of the PRC, it is uncertain how long it will take for us or our Operating Subsidiaries to obtain such approval, and, even if we or our Operating Subsidiaries obtain such approval, the approval could be rescinded. Any failure to obtain or delays in obtaining the necessary permissions from the relevant PRC authorities to conduct offerings or list outside of the PRC could subject us or our Operating Subsidiaries to potential sanctions imposed by the PRC regulatory authorities, which could include fines and penalties, proceedings against us or our Operating Subsidiaries, and other forms of sanctions, as well as affect our or our Operating Subsidiaries’ ability to conduct business, our ability to invest in Mainland China as foreign investors or accept foreign investments, and our ability to offer or continue to offer Class A Ordinary Shares to investors or
list on the U.S. or other overseas exchange. Besides, the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares may significantly decline or be worthless, our business, reputation, financial condition, and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Doing Business in Hong Kong — If the PRC government chooses to extend the oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in Mainland China-based issuers to Hong Kong-based issuers, such action may affect the business of our Hong Kong-based Operating Subsidiaries, which may ultimately and significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer Class A Ordinary Shares to investors and cause the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or become worthless” on page 29.
Although we are not subject to cybersecurity review by the CAC nor any other PRC authorities for this Offering or required to obtain regulatory approval regarding the data privacy and personal information requirements from the CAC nor any other PRC authorities for ours and our Operating Subsidiaries’ operations in Hong Kong, we are subject to a variety of laws and other obligations regarding data privacy and protection in Hong Kong. In particular, the Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance (Chapter 486 of the laws of Hong Kong) (“PDPO”) imposes a duty on any data user who, either alone or jointly with other persons, controls the collection, holding, processing or use of any personal data which relates directly or indirectly to a living individual and can be used to identify that individual in order to ensure personal data is collected on a fully-informed basis and in a fair manner, with due consideration towards minimizing the amount of personal data collected. Compliance with PDPO and any such other existing or future data privacy related laws, regulations and governmental orders by us may entail significant expenses as we have to process the data in a secured manner by enhancing the security of our IT system from time to time and ensure that all data are properly collected and used; and any breach of PDPO could materially affect our business.
Our Class A Ordinary Shares may be prohibited from trading on a national exchange or “over-the-counter” markets under the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (the “HFCAA”) if the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) determines that it is unable to inspect or fully investigate our auditor and as a result, the exchange where our securities are traded may delist our securities. Furthermore, on June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (the “AHFCAA”), which was signed into law on December 29, 2022, amending the HFCAA and requiring the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) to prohibit an issuer’s securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchange if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three consecutive years. Pursuant to the HFCAA, the PCAOB issued a Determination Report on December 16, 2021, which found that the PCAOB was unable to inspect or investigate completely PCAOB-registered public accounting firms headquartered in Mainland China and Hong Kong.
Our auditor, WWC, P.C., the independent registered public accounting firm that issues the audit report included elsewhere in this prospectus, as an auditor of companies that are traded publicly in the United States and a firm registered with the PCAOB, is headquartered in California and subject to laws in the United States pursuant to which the PCAOB conducts regular inspections to assess its compliance with the applicable professional standards. Our auditor subject to PCAOB inspections and the PCAOB is able to inspect our auditor every two to three years, with the last inspection having occurred in 2023. The PCAOB currently has access to inspect the working papers of our auditor and our auditor is not subject to the determinations announced by the PCAOB. If trading in our Class A Ordinary Shares is prohibited under the HFCA Act in the future because the PCAOB determines that it cannot inspect or fully investigate our auditor at such future time, Nasdaq may determine to delist our Class A Ordinary Shares and trading in our Class A Ordinary Shares could be prohibited.
On August 26, 2022, the CSRC, the Ministry of Finance of the PRC (the “MOF”), and the PCAOB signed a Statement of Protocol (the “Protocol”), governing inspections and investigations of accounting firms based in mainland China and Hong Kong, taking the first step toward opening access for the PCAOB to inspect and investigate registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong. Pursuant to the fact sheet with respect to the Protocol disclosed by the SEC, the PCAOB shall have independent discretion to select any issuer audits for inspection or investigation and has the unfettered ability to transfer information to the SEC. On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB Board determined that the PCAOB was able to secure complete access to inspect and investigate registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong and voted to vacate its previous determinations to the contrary. However, should PRC authorities obstruct or otherwise fail to facilitate the PCAOB’s access in the future, the PCAOB Board will consider the need to issue a new determination. On June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, and on December 29, 2022, legislation entitled “Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023” (the “Consolidated Appropriations Act”) was signed into law by President
Biden, which contained, among other things, an identical provision to the AHFCAA and amended the HFCA Act by requiring the SEC to prohibit an issuer’s securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchanges if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three, thus reducing the time period for triggering the delisting of our Company and the prohibition of trading in our securities if the PCAOB is unable to inspect our accounting firm at such future time. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Class A Ordinary Shares and This Offering — Our Class A Ordinary Shares may be prohibited from being traded on a national exchange under the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act if the PCAOB is unable to inspect our auditors. The delisting of our Class A Ordinary Shares, or the threat of their being delisted, may materially and adversely affect the value of your investment. Furthermore, on June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, which was signed into law on December 29, 2022, amending the HFCAA to require the SEC to prohibit an issuer’s securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchanges if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three” on page 46.
Our management monitors the cash position of the Operating Subsidiaries regularly and prepares budgets on a monthly basis to ensure it has the necessary funds to fulfill its obligations for the foreseeable future and to ensure adequate liquidity. In the event that there is a need for cash or a potential liquidity issue, it will be reported to our chief financial officer and subject to approval by our board of directors.
No regulatory approval is required for Charming Medical to transfer cash to its subsidiaries: Charming Medical is permitted under the laws of the BVI to provide funding to our subsidiaries incorporated in the BVI and Hong Kong subject to certain restrictions laid down in the BVI Act and our post-offering memorandum and articles of association of Charming Medical. Charming Medical’s subsidiary, Beautylab BVI, formed under the laws of the BVI is permitted under the laws of the BVI to provide funding to our Hong Kong Operating Subsidiaries subject to certain restrictions laid down in the BVI Act and memorandum and articles of association of Beautylab BVI. As a holding company, Charming Medical may rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by its subsidiaries for its cash and financing requirements. According to the BVI Act, a BVI company may make dividends distribution to the extent that immediately after the distribution, the value of the company’s assets exceeds its liabilities and that such a company is able to pay its debts as they fall due. According to the Companies Ordinance of Hong Kong, a Hong Kong company may only make a distribution out of profits available for distribution. If any of Charming Medical’s subsidiaries incur debt on its own behalf in the future, the instruments governing such debt may restrict their ability to pay dividends to Charming Medical. Additionally, as of the date of this prospectus, there are no further BVI or Hong Kong statutory restrictions on the amount of funds which may be distributed by us by dividend. However, in the future, funds may not be available to fund operations or for other use outside of Hong Kong, due to interventions in, or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on, our ability or on our HK subsidiary’s ability by the PRC government to transfer cash. Any limitation on the ability of our Operating Subsidiaries to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business and might materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares or cause them to be worthless. For a more detailed discussion of how the cash is transferred within our organization, see “Transfers of Cash to and from Our Subsidiaries” on page 4 and “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Corporate Structure — We rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have. In the future, funds may not be available to fund operations or for other use outside of Hong Kong, due to interventions in, or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on, our ability or our Operating Subsidiaries by the PRC government to transfer cash. Any limitation on the ability of our subsidiaries to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business and might materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares or cause them to be worthless” on page 40 of this prospectus. Other than the above, we did not adopt or maintain any cash management policies and procedures as of the date of this prospectus.
As of the date of this prospectus, neither Charming Medical, Beautylab BVI, nor the Operating Subsidiaries has declared or made any dividend or other distribution to their shareholders, including U.S. investors, in the past, nor have any dividends or distributions been made by subsidiaries to our BVI holding company. Charming Medical and its subsidiaries do not have any plans to distribute earnings in the foreseeable future. For a more detailed discussion of how cash is transferred among Charming Medical and its subsidiaries, see “Prospectus Summary — Transfers of Cash to and from Our Subsidiaries” beginning on page 4, “Dividend Policy” on page 58 and the audited consolidated financial statements and the accompanying footnotes beginning on F-1 of this prospectus.
Under the current practice of the Inland Revenue Department of Hong Kong, no tax is payable in Hong Kong in respect of dividends paid by us. As of the date of this prospectus, there are no restrictions or limitation under the laws of Hong Kong imposed on the conversion of HK$ into foreign currencies and the remittance of currencies out
of Hong Kong or across borders and to U.S. investors. The laws and regulations of the PRC do not currently have any material impact on transfer of cash from Charming Medical to the Operating Subsidiaries or from the Operating Subsidiaries to Charming Medical, our shareholders and U.S. investors. However, the PRC government may, in the future, impose restrictions or limitations on our ability to transfer money out of Hong Kong, distribute earnings and pay dividends to and from the other entities within our organization, or reinvest in our business outside of Hong Kong. Such restrictions and limitations, if imposed in the future, may delay or hinder the expansion of our business outside of Hong Kong and may affect our ability to receive funds from our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong. The promulgation of new laws or regulations, or the new interpretation of existing laws and regulations, in each case, that restrict or otherwise unfavorably impact the ability or way we conduct our business, could require us to change certain aspects of our business to ensure compliance, which could decrease demand for our services, reduce revenues, increase costs, require us to obtain more licenses, permits, approvals or certificates, or subject us to additional liabilities. For a more detailed discussion of this risk, see “Transfers of Cash to and from Our Subsidiaries” on page 4 and “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Corporate Structure — We rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have. In the future, funds may not be available to fund operations or for other use outside of Hong Kong, due to interventions in, or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on, our ability or our Operating Subsidiaries by the PRC government to transfer cash. Any limitation on the ability of our subsidiaries to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business and might materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares or cause them to be worthless” on page 40 of this prospectus.
We are an “emerging growth company” as defined under federal securities laws and will be subject to reduced public company reporting requirements. See “Risk Factors” and “Prospectus Summary — Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company” on pages 23 and 16, respectively.
We are a “foreign private issuer” as defined under the U.S. federal securities laws and, as such, may elect to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements for this and future filings. In addition, as a foreign private issuer, the Nasdaq listing rules allow us to follow corporate governance practices in our home country, the British Virgin Islands, with respect to appointments to our board of directors and committees in lieu of Nasdaq corporate governance rules. Although we do not intend to rely on the “foreign private issuer” exemption under the Nasdaq listing rules, we may elect to rely on this exemption after we complete this offering. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Class A Ordinary Shares and This Offering,” “Prospectus Summary — Implications of Being a Foreign Private Issuer.” and “Management — Foreign Private Issuer Exemption” on pages 46, 17 and 117, respectively.
Upon the completion of this Offering, Ms. Kit Wong (the “Controlling Shareholder”), our CEO, Director, and Chairman of the Board of Directors, will continue to own 91.65 of the aggregate voting power, assuming that the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option, or 91.25% of the aggregate voting power, assuming that the over-allotment option is exercised in full. As such, we will be a “controlled company” within the meaning of the Nasdaq listing rule because our Controlling Shareholder will hold more than 50% of the voting power for the election of directors. Under Nasdaq listing rule 5615(c), a controlled company is exempt from certain corporate governance requirements including: (1) the requirement that a majority of the board of directors consist of independent directors; (2) the requirement that a listed company have a nominating and governance committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities; (3) the requirement that a listed company have a compensation committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities; and (4) the requirement for an annual performance evaluation of the nominating and governance committee and compensation committee. Although we do not intend to rely on the “controlled company” exemption under the Nasdaq listing rules, we may elect to rely on this exemption after we complete this offering. For a more detailed discussion of the risk of the Company being a controlled company, see “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Our Corporate Structure — Our corporate actions will be substantially controlled by our Controlling Shareholder, Kit Wong, who will have the ability to control or exert significant influence over important corporate matters that require approval of shareholders, which may deprive you of an opportunity to receive a premium for your Class A Ordinary Shares and materially reduce the value of your investment. Additionally, we are, and following this offering will continue to be a “controlled company” and may follow certain exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements that could adversely affect our public shareholders.” on page 45, “Prospectus Summary — Implications of Being a Controlled Company” on page 18, and “Management — Controlled Company Exception” on page 117 of this prospectus.
Neither the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
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Per Share |
Total(4) |
|||||
|
Initial public Offering price(1) |
US$ |
5.00 |
US$ |
8,000,000 |
||
|
Underwriting discounts(2) |
US$ |
0.35 |
US$ |
560,000 |
||
|
Proceeds to the company before expenses(3) |
US$ |
4.65 |
US$ |
7,440,000 |
||
____________
(1) Initial public offering price per Ordinary Share is assumed as US$5.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. The table above assumes that the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option. For more information, see “Underwriting” in this prospectus.
(2) We have agreed to pay the underwriters a discount equal to equal to seven percent (7.0%) of the public offering price in this offering. For a description of the other compensation to be received by the underwriters, see “Underwriting” beginning on page 140.
(3) Excludes fees and expenses payable to the underwriters.
(4) Assumes that the underwriters do not exercise any portion of their over-allotment option.
This Offering is being conducted on a firm commitment basis. The underwriters are obligated to take and pay for all of the shares offered by the Company if any such shares are taken. We have granted the Cathay Securities, Inc., or the underwriters an option, exercisable one or more times in whole or in part, to purchase up to 240,000 additional Class A Ordinary Shares from us at the initial public offering price, less underwriting discounts, within 45 days from the closing of this Offering to cover over-allotments, if any. If the underwriters exercise the option in full, assuming the public offering price per share is US$5.00, the total underwriting discounts payable will be US$644,000, and the total proceeds to us, before expenses, will be US$8,556,000.
We expect our total cash expenses for this Offering to be approximately US$782,831, including expenses payable to the underwriters for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses and non-accountable expense allowance, exclusive of the above discounts.
If we complete this Offering, net proceeds will be delivered to us on the closing date.
The underwriters expect to deliver the Class A Ordinary Shares against payment as set forth under “Underwriting” on or about [*], 2025.

The date of this prospectus is [*], 2025
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F-1 |
Neither we nor the underwriters have authorized anyone to provide any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this prospectus or in any free writing prospectuses prepared by us or on our behalf or to which we have referred you. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not, and the underwriters are not, making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted or where the person making the offer or sale is not qualified to do so or to any person to whom it is not permitted to make such offer or sale. For the avoidance of doubt, no offer or invitation to subscribe for Class A Ordinary Shares is made to the public in the British Virgin Islands. You should not rely upon any information about us that is not contained in this prospectus or in one of our public reports filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission and incorporated into this prospectus. The information in this registration statement is not complete and is subject to change. No person should rely on the information contained in this document for any purpose other than participating in our proposed Offering, and only the prospectus dated hereof, is authorized by us to be used in connection with our proposed Offering. Our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects may have changed since that date.
Neither we nor the underwriters have taken any action to permit a public offering of the Class A Ordinary Shares outside the United States or to permit the possession or distribution of this prospectus or any filed free-writing prospectus outside the United States. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus or any filed free writing prospectus must inform themselves about and observe any restrictions relating to the Offering of the Class A Ordinary Shares and the distribution of this prospectus or any filed free-writing prospectus outside the United States.
Through and including ________, 2025 (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers effecting transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this Offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to a dealer’s obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to an unsold allotment or subscription.
i
We obtained statistical data, market data and other industry data and forecasts used in this prospectus from market research, publicly available information and industry publications. While we believe that the statistical data, industry data and forecasts and market research are reliable, we have not independently verified the data.
Prospectus Conventions
Except where the context otherwise requires and for purposes of this prospectus only, references to:
• “Beautylab BVI,” or “Beautylab Group Medical” are to Beautylab Group Medical Limited, a BVI business company, a subsidiary of Charming Medical;
• “Board of Directors” refers to the board of Directors of Charming Medical;
• “BVI Act” refers to the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 (as amended);
• “BVI” refers to the British Virgin Islands;
• “CAGR” refers to compounded annual growth rate, the year-on-year growth rate over a specific period of time;
• “Class A Ordinary Shares” refers to are to our class A ordinary shares, par value US$0.0001 per share, carrying one vote per share;
• “Class B Ordinary Shares” refers to are to our class B ordinary shares, par value US$0.0001 per share, carrying 20 votes per share;
• “China” or the “PRC” refers to the People’s Republic of China, including the Hong Kong and Macau Special Administrative Regions of the People’s Republic of China for the purposes of this prospectus only;
• “Chinese government” or “PRC government” refers to the government of Mainland China for the purposes of this prospectus only;
• “Choliya” refers to Choliya Limited, a company incorporated in Hong Kong on March 7, 2021 with limited liability;
• “Dream International Trading” refers to Dream International Trading (Hong Kong) Limited, a company incorporated in Hong Kong on March 7, 2021 with limited liability;
• “Exchange Act” refers to the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934;
• “FY2023”, and “FY2024” refer to fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 and 2024, respectively;
• “The Group” refers to Charming Medical and its subsidiaries;
• “HKD,” “Hong Kong dollar(s),” or “HK$” refer to the legal currency of Hong Kong;
• “Hong Kong” refers to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China for the purposes of this prospectus only;
• “Mainland China” refers to the People’s Republic of China, excluding, for the sole purpose of this prospectus, Taiwan, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China, and the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China;
• “Memorandum and Articles” refers to the amended and restated memorandum and articles of association of Charming Medical adopted on October 22 2024;
• “My Beauty Technology” refers to My Beauty Technology Limited, a company incorporated in Hong Kong on September 19, 2019 with limited liability;
• “Operating Subsidiaries” are to Pilate, My Beauty Technology, Dream International Trading, and Choliya;
• “Ordinary Shares” refers to our Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares;
ii
• “Pilate” refers to Pilate International Trading Limited, a company incorporated in Hong Kong on July 14, 2016 with limited liability;
• “PRC laws and regulations” or “PRC laws” refers to the laws and regulations of Mainland China;
• “SEC” refers to the United States Securities and Exchange Commission;
• “TCM” refers to traditional Chinese medicine;
• “TCM-inspired” therapies and products refers to therapies and products that are rooted in and influenced by the principles and practices of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for the purposes of this prospectus;
• “US$,” “$,” or “U.S. dollars” refers to the legal currency of the United States;
• “U.S.,” or “United States” refers to the United States of America;
• “U.S. GAAP” refers to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States; and
• “We,” “us,” “our,” “the Company,” “our Company,” and “Charming Medical” are to Charming Medical Limited, a BVI business company incorporated on February 28, 2024, as a holding company, and does not include its subsidiaries, Beautylab Group Medical, Pilate, My Beauty Technology, Dream International Trading, Choliya; and when describing Charming Medical’s consolidated financial information for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, also include Charming Medical’s subsidiaries as mentioned above.
iii
This summary highlights information contained in greater detail elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary is not complete and does not contain all of the information you should consider in making your investment decision. You should read the entire prospectus carefully before making an investment in our Class A Ordinary Shares. You should carefully consider, among other things, our consolidated financial statements and the related notes and the sections entitled “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Unless otherwise indicated, all share amounts and per share amounts in this prospectus have been presented giving effect to a forward split of our ordinary shares at a ratio of 1-for-1,500, as a result of which the Company’s authorized shares was changed to 75,000,000 shares with a par value of US$0.0001, divided as 60,000,000 class A ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.0001 per share (the “Class A Ordinary Shares”) and 15,000,000 class B ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.0001 per share (the “Class B Ordinary Shares”), approved by our board of directors on October 18, 2024.
Overview
We are a Hong Kong-based provider of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)-inspired therapies and products. We offer a wide range of beauty, wellness, and postpartum services and products rooted and influenced by the principles and practices of TCM, such as the use of herbal ingredients, acupuncture techniques, Tuina massage, and dietary guidance. Operating under the Beauty Lab Group (“Beauty Lab”) brand, our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong offer a wide range of TCM-inspired beauty, wellness, and postpartum therapies and products through our four wellness centers in Hong Kong. Our services are designed to meet diverse health improvement needs, including alleviating premenstrual syndrome, menstrual irregularities, dysmenorrhea, leukorrhea, pelvic inflammatory disease, menopausal care, breast health, and other common women’s health conditions. We believe that our TCM-inspired herbal therapies can help balance the female endocrine system and improve women’s constitution and overall health. Additionally, the Operating Subsidiaries offer TCM-inspired therapies tailored to men.
We offer a wide range of beauty, wellness, and postpartum services for women with a focus on utilizing TCM approaches in addressing women’s health issues. Our beauty, wellness, and postpartum services include but are not limited to womb-warming therapy, BTS (Beauty, Tailor-made, Slim) pelvic detox therapy, agarwood moxibustion therapy, TCM-inspired prenatal massage, and Indonesian traditional abdominal binding. In addition, under the “Beauty Lab” brand, we also offer supplements products, including (i) TCM-inspired supplements products, such as Beauty Lab home herbal uterine care patch, probiotic intimate wash, and Yin nourishing pill sets, designed to support uterine health, improve physical weakness, and balance endocrine functions for female customers; and (ii) beauty products, including ginseng soothing anti-allergy moisturizing wash, which provide comprehensive care for skin issues, and scalp health. Moreover, we also offer consultancy services to provide TCM-inspired therapy technical training and dietary therapy training to other well-established and reputable beauty salons, massage centers, and similar institutions.
We generated revenue of $6,015,375 and $3,530,822, respectively, and achieved a net profit of $821,743 and incurred a net loss of $335,605, respectively, for the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. Our revenue primarily includes the following: (i) beauty, wellness, and postpartum services; (ii) sales of products; and (iii) consultancy services. For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, the revenue from beauty, wellness, and postpartum services amounted to $5,813,814 and $3,451,955, representing 96.6% and 97.8% of total revenue, respectively. The revenue from sales of products was $88,992 and $78,867 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, representing 1.5% and 2.2% of total revenue, respectively. The revenue from consultancy services was $112,569 and nil for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, representing 1.9% and 0% of total revenue, respectively.
We generated revenue of $2,958,508 and $2,641,503, respectively, and achieved a net profit of $468,817 and $377,651, respectively, for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Our revenue primarily includes the following: (i) beauty, wellness, and postpartum services; and (ii) sales of products. For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the revenue from beauty, wellness, and postpartum services amounted to $2,905,920 and $2,597,782, representing 98.2% and 98.3% of total revenue, respectively. The revenue from sales of products was $52,588 and $43,721 for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, representing 1.8% and 1.7% of total revenue, respectively.
1
Competitive Strengths
• Professional team and certified services;
• Comprehensive one-stop health and wellness services;
• High-quality assurance for products and services;
• Integration of TCM principles and modern technology;
• Experienced management team with substantial industry experience; and
• Customer-centric approach with customized services.
Our Challenges
• Intense competition in the TCM-inspired wellness and beauty industry;
• Challenges in building customer trust and boosting customer acceptance; and
• Regulatory and compliance challenges in global expansion.
Growth Strategies
• Expanding our presence in international markets;
• Building strategic partnerships;
• Investing in technological innovation and improving R&D capability;
• Establishing a strong brand image through differentiation; and
• Diversifying product and service offerings.
Corporate History and Structure
Corporate History
On July 14, 2016, Pilate was incorporated as a company with limited liability in Hong Kong. Pilate is engaging in the business of providing wellness services.
On March 14, 2017, Dream International Trading was incorporated as a company with limited liability under the laws of Hong Kong. Dream International Trading is engaging in the business of providing wellness services.
On September 19, 2019, My Beauty Technology was incorporated as a company with limited liability in Hong Kong. My Beauty Technology is engaging in the business of providing wellness services.
On March 7, 2021, Choliya was incorporated as a company with limited liability in Hong Kong. Choliya is engaging in the business of providing wellness services.
For purposes of effectuating this Offering, in November 2024, we completed a series of transactions effectuating the reorganization of our Group (the “Reorganization”). Upon completion of the Reorganization as described below in November 2024, Charming Medical became the holding company of the Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong, through the intermediate holding company, Beautylab BVI.
The Reorganization
In this prospectus, we refer to the following events as the “Reorganization.”
As part of the reorganization, on February 28, 2024, Charming Medical was incorporated as the holding company under the laws of the BVI. On the date of its incorporation, 8,892 Shares, representing 100% of the issued shares, were allotted and issued fully paid at par to Ms. Kit Wong (“Ms. Wong”) for a consideration of US$1,333.80. On May 6, 2024, Beautylab BVI was incorporated in the BVI, as the intermediate wholly-owned holding company by Charming Medical.
2
On June 18, 2024, Ms. Wong acquired 2,000 ordinary shares of Choliya, representing 20% of Choliya’s equity interests, from an independent third party, for a consideration of HK$2,000. Choliya is 80% owned by Pilate, which is wholly owned by Ms. Wong, and 20% owned by Ms. Wong. As a result, Choliya became wholly owned by Ms. Wong.
On September 10, 2024, Dream International Trading, My Beauty Technology, and Pilate have collectively allotted and issued 99% of the enlarged share capital, consisting of 990,000 ordinary shares to Beautylab BVI, while Ms. Wong’s equity interests in Dream International Trading, My Beauty Technology, and Pilate have been diluted to 1%.
On September 16, 2024, Ms. Wong transferred her 2,000 ordinary shares in Choliya to Pilate for a consideration of HK$2,000, via executing an instrument of transfer and a bought and sold note. As such, Choliya became a 100% wholly-owned subsidiary of Pilate.
On September 19, 2024, Beautylab BVI has acquired 10,000 ordinary shares, representing 1% of the share capital of Dream International Trading, My Beauty Technology, and Pilate, respectively, from Ms. Wong.
After completing the Reorganization, the Operating Subsidiaries became indirectly wholly owned by Charming Medical, through the intermediate holding company, Beautylab BVI.
Reclassification and Forward Share Split
On October 18, 2024, the shareholders and director of the Company resolved and approved a redesignation and reclassification of shares and share split at a ratio of 1-to-1,500, as a result of which the Company’s authorized shares was changed to 75,000,000 shares with a par value of US$0.0001, divided as 60,000,000 class A ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.0001 per share (the “Class A Ordinary Shares”) and 15,000,000 class B ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.0001 per share (the “Class B Ordinary Shares”). All ordinary shares and per ordinary share amount used elsewhere in this prospectus and the consolidated financial statements have been retroactively restated to reflect the share split.
Issuance of Class B Ordinary Shares
On November 1, 2024, the sole director of the Company resolved and approved the allotment and issuance of 2,000,000 class B ordinary shares with par value of US$0.0001 each to Ms. Wong.
Corporate Structure
Charming Medical is a holding company incorporated in British Virgin Islands. As a holding company with no material operations, Charming Medical conducts all of its operations through its Operating Subsidiaries, Pilate, My Beauty Technology, Dream International Trading, and Choliya, all of which are companies incorporated in Hong Kong. This structure involves unique risks to the investors, and the PRC regulatory authorities could disallow this structure, which would likely result in a material change in our operations and/or a material change in the value of the securities we are registering for sale, including that such event could cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or become worthless. Investors are cautioned that you are buying shares of a BVI holding company with operations solely conducted in Hong Kong by its Operating Subsidiaries. You are not directly investing in, and may never hold equity interests of any of our Operating Subsidiaries. Investing in our Class A Ordinary Shares involves a high degree of risk, including the risk of losing your entire investment.
We are offering 1,600,000 Class A Ordinary Shares, representing 10.71% of the Class A Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding following completion of the Offering, assuming the underwriters do not exercise the over-allotment option. Following this Offering, assuming that the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option, 10.71% of the Class A Ordinary Shares of the Company will be held by public shareholders.
Charming Medical’s issued share capital is a dual-class structure consisting of Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares. Class A Ordinary Shares are the only class of Ordinary Shares being offered in this Offering. Holders of Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares shall vote together as one class on all resolutions of the shareholders and have the same rights except each Class A Ordinary Share shall entitle its holder to one (1) vote and each Class B Ordinary Share shall entitle its holder to twenty (20) votes. Each Class B Ordinary Share is convertible into one (1) Class A Ordinary Share at any time at the option of the holder thereof but Class A Ordinary Shares are not convertible into Class B Ordinary Shares.
3
The following diagram illustrates our corporate structure, including our subsidiaries, as of the date of the prospectus and after this Offering (assuming no exercise of the over-allotment option by the underwriters):

Transfers of Cash to and from Our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong
Our management monitors the cash position of the Operating Subsidiaries regularly and prepares budgets on a monthly basis to ensure it has the necessary funds to fulfill its obligations for the foreseeable future and to ensure adequate liquidity. In the event that there is a need for cash or a potential liquidity issue, it will be reported to our chief financial officer and subject to approval by our board of directors.
No regulatory approval is required for Charming Medical to transfer cash to its subsidiaries: Charming Medical is permitted under the laws of the BVI to provide funding to our subsidiaries incorporated in the BVI and Hong Kong subject to certain restrictions laid down in the BVI Act and the post-offering memorandum and articles of association of Charming Medical. Charming Medical’s subsidiary, Beautylab BVI, formed under the laws of the BVI is permitted under the laws of the BVI to provide funding to our Hong Kong Operating Subsidiaries subject to certain restrictions laid down in the BVI Act and the memorandum and articles of association of Beautylab BVI. As a holding company, Charming Medical may rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by its subsidiaries for its cash and financing requirements. According to the BVI Act, a BVI company may make dividends distribution to the extent that immediately after the distribution, the value of the company’s assets exceeds its liabilities and that such a company is able to pay its debts as they fall due. According to the Companies Ordinance of Hong Kong, a Hong Kong company may only make a distribution out of profits available for distribution. If any of Charming Medical’s subsidiaries incur debt on its own behalf in the future, the instruments governing such debt may restrict their ability to pay dividends to Charming Medical. Additionally, as of the date of this prospectus, there are no further BVI or Hong Kong statutory restrictions on the amount of funds which may be distributed by us by dividend. However, in the future, funds may not be available to fund operations or for other use outside of Hong Kong, due to interventions in, or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on, our ability or on our HK subsidiary’s ability by the PRC government to transfer cash. Any limitation on the ability of our Operating Subsidiaries to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business and might materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares or cause them to be worthless. Other than what was disclosed above, we did not adopt or maintain any cash management policies and procedures as of the date of this prospectus. For a more detailed discussion of how the cash is transferred within our organization, see “Transfers of Cash to and from Our Subsidiaries” on page 4 and “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Corporate Structure — We rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have. In the future, funds may not be available to fund operations or for other use outside of Hong Kong, due to interventions in, or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on, our ability or our Operating Subsidiaries by the PRC government to transfer cash. Any limitation on the ability of our
4
subsidiaries to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business and might materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares or cause them to be worthless” on page 40 of this prospectus.
As of the date of this prospectus, neither Charming Medical, Beautylab BVI, nor the Operating Subsidiaries have declared or made any dividend or other distribution to their shareholders, including U.S. investors, in the past, nor have any dividends or distributions been made by subsidiaries to our BVI holding company. Charming Medical and its subsidiaries do not have any plans to distribute earnings in the foreseeable future. For a more detailed discussion of how cash is transferred among Charming Medical and its subsidiaries, see “Prospectus Summary — Transfers of Cash to and from Our Subsidiaries” beginning on page 4, “Dividend Policy” on page 58 and the audited consolidated financial statements and the accompanying footnotes beginning on F-1 of this prospectus.
Under the current practice of the Inland Revenue Department of Hong Kong, no tax is payable in Hong Kong in respect of dividends paid by us. As of the date of this prospectus, there are no restrictions or limitation under the laws of Hong Kong imposed on the conversion of HK$ into foreign currencies and the remittance of currencies out of Hong Kong or across borders and to U.S. investors. The laws and regulations of the PRC do not currently have any material impact on transfer of cash from Charming Medical to the Operating Subsidiaries or from the Operating Subsidiaries to Charming Medical, our shareholders and U.S. investors. However, the PRC government may, in the future, impose restrictions or limitations on our ability to transfer money out of Hong Kong, distribute earnings and pay dividends to and from the other entities within our organization, or reinvest in our business outside of Hong Kong. Such restrictions and limitations, if imposed in the future, may delay or hinder the expansion of our business outside of Hong Kong and may affect our ability to receive funds from our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong. The promulgation of new laws or regulations, or the new interpretation of existing laws and regulations, in each case, that restrict or otherwise unfavorably impact the ability or way we conduct our business, could require us to change certain aspects of our business to ensure compliance, which could decrease demand for our services, reduce revenues, increase costs, require us to obtain more licenses, permits, approvals or certificates, or subject us to additional liabilities. For a more detailed discussion of this risk, see “Transfers of Cash to and from Our Subsidiaries” on page 4 and “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Corporate Structure — We rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have. In the future, funds may not be available to fund operations or for other use outside of Hong Kong, due to interventions in, or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on, our ability or our Operating Subsidiaries by the PRC government to transfer cash. Any limitation on the ability of our subsidiaries to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business and might materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares or cause them to be worthless” on page 40 of this prospectus.
Risk Factors Summary
Investing in our Class A Ordinary Shares involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider all of the information in this prospectus (including in “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto) before making an investment in our Class A Ordinary Shares. These risks could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations, and cause the trading price of our Class A Ordinary Shares to decline. You could lose part or all of your investment. In reviewing this prospectus, you should bear in mind that past results are no guarantee of future performance. See “Special Notes Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” for a discussion of forward-looking statements and the significance of forward-looking statements in the context of this prospectus.
The following is a summary of what we view as our most significant risk factors:
Risks Related to Doing Business in Hong Kong
We face risks and uncertainties relating to doing business in Hong Kong in general, including, but not limited to the following:
• All of our operations are conducted by our wholly-owned Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong. However, due to the long-arm application of the current PRC laws and regulations, the PRC government may exercise significant direct oversight and discretion over the conduct of our Operating Subsidiaries’ business and may intervene or influence our Operating Subsidiaries’ operations, which could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares. Our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong may be subject to laws and regulations of Mainland China, which may impair our Operating
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Subsidiaries’ ability to operate profitably and result in a material negative impact on our operations and/or the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares. Furthermore, the changes in the policies, regulations, rules and the enforcement of laws of Mainland China may also occur quickly with little advance notice and our assertions and beliefs of the risk imposed by the Chinese legal and regulatory system cannot be certain. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Doing Business in Hong Kong — All of our operations are conducted by our wholly-owned Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong. However, due to the long-arm application of the current PRC laws and regulations, the PRC government may exercise significant direct oversight and discretion over the conduct of our Operating Subsidiaries’ business and may intervene or influence our Operating Subsidiaries’ operations, which could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares. Our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong may be subject to laws and regulations of Mainland China, which may impair our Operating Subsidiaries’ ability to operate profitably and result in a material negative impact on our operations and/or the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares. Furthermore, the changes in the policies, regulations, rules and the enforcement of laws of Mainland China may also occur quickly with little advance notice and our assertions and beliefs of the risk imposed by the Chinese legal and regulatory system cannot be certain” on page 23.
• There remain some uncertainties as to whether we will be required to obtain approvals from the PRC authorities to list on the U.S. exchanges and offer securities in the future, and if required, we cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain such approval. We or our subsidiaries may become subject to a variety of PRC laws and other obligations regarding data security in relation to offerings that are conducted overseas, and any failure to comply with applicable laws and obligations could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and may hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer Class A Ordinary Shares to investors and cause the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or become worthless. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Doing Business in Hong Kong — There remain some uncertainties as to whether we will be required to obtain approvals from the PRC authorities to list on the U.S. exchanges and offer securities in the future, and if required, we cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain such approval. We or our subsidiaries may become subject to a variety of PRC laws and other obligations regarding data security in relation to offerings that are conducted overseas, and any failure to comply with applicable laws and obligations could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and may hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer Class A Ordinary Shares to investors and cause the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or become worthless” on page 25.
• If the PRC government chooses to extend the oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in Mainland China-based issuers to Hong Kong-based issuers, such action may affect the business of our Hong Kong-based Operating Subsidiaries, which may ultimately and significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer Class A Ordinary Shares to investors and cause the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or become worthless. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Doing Business in Hong Kong — If the PRC government chooses to extend the oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in Mainland China-based issuers to Hong Kong-based issuers, such action may affect the business of our Hong Kong-based Operating Subsidiaries, which may ultimately and significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer Class A Ordinary Shares to investors and cause the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or become worthless” on page 29.
• The enactment of the law of the PRC on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (the “Hong Kong National Security Law”) could impact our Hong Kong subsidiaries, which represent substantially all of our business. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Doing Business in Hong Kong — The enactment of the law of the PRC on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (the “Hong Kong National Security Law”) could impact our Hong Kong subsidiaries, which represent substantially all of our business” on page 29.
• The enforcement of laws and rules and regulations in China can change quickly with little advance notice. Additionally, the PRC laws and regulations and the enforcement of such that apply or are to be applied to Hong Kong can change quickly with little or no advance notice. As a result, the Hong Kong legal system embodies uncertainties which could limit the availability of legal protections, which could result in a material change in our Operating Subsidiaries’ operations and/or the value of the securities we are
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offering. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Doing Business in Hong Kong — The enforcement of laws and rules and regulations in China can change quickly with little advance notice. Additionally, the PRC laws and regulations and the enforcement of such that apply or are to be applied to Hong Kong can change quickly with little or no advance notice. As a result, the Hong Kong legal system embodies uncertainties which could limit the availability of legal protections, which could result in a material change in our Operating Subsidiaries’ operations and/or the value of the securities we are offering” on page 30.
• There are some political risks associated with conducting business in Hong Kong. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Doing Business in Hong Kong — There are some political risks associated with conducting business in Hong Kong” on page 30.
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
There are risks and uncertainties relating to our business and industry, including, but not limited to the following:
• We operate in a dynamic industry and have a limited operating history. Our historical results of operations and financial performance may not be indicative of future performance. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — We operate in a dynamic industry and have a limited operating history. Our historical results of operations and financial performance may not be indicative of future performance” on page 31.
• Our failure to compete effectively could adversely affect our market share, revenues and growth prospects. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — Our failure to compete effectively could adversely affect our market share, revenues and growth prospects” on page 32.
• Our business depends, in part, on the quality of our service and products and our ability to meet customers’ expected outcomes. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — Our business depends, in part, on the quality of our service and products and our ability to meet customers’ expected outcomes” on page 33.
• There are significant risks associated with contracting with third-party suppliers. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — There are significant risks associated with contracting with third-party suppliers” on page 34.
• The relative lack of stringent laws and regulations in Hong Kong’s wellness and beauty services sector, particularly in the TCM-inspired wellness and beauty industry, poses a risk of inconsistent service quality. Any failure to maintain high standards of quality and safety could also adversely affect our reputation, customer trust, and overall business performance. In addition, to the extent any new regulatory measures are required to be implemented, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected, potentially materially decreasing the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares and rendering them worthless. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — The relative lack of stringent laws and regulations in Hong Kong’s wellness and beauty services sector, particularly in the TCM-inspired wellness and beauty industry, poses a risk of inconsistent service quality. Any failure to maintain high standards of quality and safety could also adversely affect our reputation, customer trust, and overall business performance. In addition, to the extent any new regulatory measures are required to be implemented, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected, potentially materially decreasing the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares and rendering them worthless.” on page 34.
• We may from time to time become a party to litigation, legal disputes, claims or administrative proceedings that may materially and adversely affect us. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — We may from time to time become a party to litigation, legal disputes, claims or administrative proceedings that may materially and adversely affect us” on page 35.
• The continued and collaborative efforts of our senior management and key employees are crucial to our success, and our business may be harmed if we lose their services. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — The continued and collaborative efforts of our senior management and key employees are crucial to our success, and our business may be harmed if we lose their services” on page 35.
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• If the Operating Subsidiaries fail to obtain and maintain the requisite licenses, permits, registrations and filings applicable to the business, or fail to obtain additional licenses, permits, registrations or filings that become necessary as a result of new enactment or promulgation of government policies, laws or regulations or the expansion of our business, the business and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — If the Operating Subsidiaries fail to obtain and maintain the requisite licenses, permits, registrations and filings applicable to the business, or fail to obtain additional licenses, permits, registrations or filings that become necessary as a result of new enactment or promulgation of government policies, laws or regulations or the expansion of our business, the business and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected” on page 35.
• If we are unable to protect our intellectual property, the value of our brands and other intangible assets may be diminished, and our business may be adversely affected. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — If we are unable to protect our intellectual property, the value of our brands and other intangible assets may be diminished, and our business may be adversely affected” on page 36.
• An economic downturn may adversely affect consumer discretionary spending and demand for our products and services. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — An economic downturn may adversely affect consumer discretionary spending and demand for our products and services” on page 37.
• Our business expansion into other countries will require a substantial investment and commitment of resources, that is subject to risks and uncertainties. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — Our business expansion into other countries will require a substantial investment and commitment of resources, that is subject to risks and uncertainties” on page 37.
• Our business is subject to complex and evolving product safety laws, regulations and standards. If we fail to comply with these laws, regulations and safety standards or if our products otherwise have defects, we may be required to recall products and may face penalties and product liability claims, either of which could result in unexpected costs and damage our reputation. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — Our business is subject to complex and evolving product safety laws, regulations and standards. If we fail to comply with these laws, regulations and safety standards or if our products otherwise have defects, we may be required to recall products and may face penalties and product liability claims, either of which could result in unexpected costs and damage our reputation” on page 38.
• Our failure to appropriately respond to changing consumer preferences and demand for new products could significantly harm our customer relationships and product sales. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — Our failure to appropriately respond to changing consumer preferences and demand for new products could significantly harm our customer relationships and product sales” on page 38.
• If our products do not have the effects intended or cause undesirable side effects, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects could be harmed significantly. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — If our products do not have the effects intended or cause undesirable side effects, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects could be harmed significantly” on page 38.
• Our business is subject to inherent risks relating to product liability and personal injury claims. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — Our business is subject to inherent risks relating to product liability and personal injury claims” on page 38.
• Our auditor has expressed substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern based upon our working capital deficits as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — Our auditor has expressed substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern based upon our working capital deficits as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024” on page 39.
• Our performance depends on key management as well as skilled and qualified TCM practitioners, technicians and support staff generally, and any failure to attract, motivate and retain such TCM practitioners, technicians and support staff could hinder our ability to maintain and grow our business. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — Our performance depends on key
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management as well as skilled and qualified TCM practitioners, technicians and support staff generally, and any failure to attract, motivate and retain such TCM practitioners, technicians and support staff could hinder our ability to maintain and grow our business” on page 40.
• Our Chief Executive Officer, Kit Wong, also holds certain management positions and directorships of other companies and may allocate her time to such other businesses, thereby causing conflicts of interest in her determination as to how much time to devote to the business affairs of our Company. This could have a negative impact on our ability to implement our plan of operation. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — Our Chief Executive Officer, Kit Wong, also holds certain management positions and directorships of other companies and may allocate her time to such other businesses, thereby causing conflicts of interest in her determination as to how much time to devote to the business affairs of our Company. This could have a negative impact on our ability to implement our plan of operation” on page 40.
Risks Related to Our Corporate Structure
There are risks and uncertainties relating to our corporate structure, including, but not limited to the following:
• We rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have, and any limitation on the ability of our Operating Subsidiaries to make payments to us outside of Hong Kong, due to interventions in, or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on, our or our Operating Subsidiaries’ ability by the PRC government to transfer cash in the future could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct business and might materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares or cause them to be worthless. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Corporate Structure — We rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have, and any limitation on the ability of our Operating Subsidiaries to make payments to us outside of Hong Kong, due to interventions in, or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on, our or our Operating Subsidiaries’ ability by the PRC government to transfer cash in the future could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct business and might materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares or cause them to be worthless” on page 40.
• The laws of BVI provide limited protections for minority shareholders, so minority shareholders will not have the same options as to recourse in comparison to the U.S. if the shareholders are dissatisfied with the conduct of our affairs. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Corporate Structure — The laws of BVI provide limited protections for minority shareholders, so minority shareholders will not have the same options as to recourse in comparison to the U.S. if the shareholders are dissatisfied with the conduct of our affairs” on page 41.
• You may face difficulties in protecting your interests, and your ability to protect your rights through U.S. courts may be limited, because we are incorporated under BVI law. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Corporate Structure — You may face difficulties in protecting your interests, and your ability to protect your rights through U.S. courts may be limited, because we are incorporated under BVI law” on page 44.
• As a company incorporated in the BVI, we are permitted to adopt certain BVI practices in relation to corporate governance matters that differ significantly from the Nasdaq Capital Market listing standards; these practices may afford less protection to shareholders than they would enjoy if we complied fully with the Nasdaq Capital Market listing standards. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Corporate Structure — As a company incorporated in the BVI, we are permitted to adopt certain BVI practices in relation to corporate governance matters that differ significantly from the Nasdaq Capital Market listing standards; these practices may afford less protection to shareholders than they would enjoy if we complied fully with the Nasdaq Capital Market listing standards” on page 45.
• Our corporate actions will be substantially controlled by our Controlling Shareholder, Kit Wong, who will have the ability to control or exert significant influence over important corporate matters that require approval of shareholders, which may deprive you of an opportunity to receive a premium for your Class A Ordinary Shares and materially reduce the value of your investment. Additionally, we are, and following this offering will continue to be a “controlled company” and may follow certain exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements that could adversely affect our public shareholders.
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See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Corporate Structure — Our corporate actions will be substantially controlled by our Controlling Shareholder, Kit Wong, who will have the ability to control or exert significant influence over important corporate matters that require approval of shareholders, which may deprive you of an opportunity to receive a premium for your Class A Ordinary Shares and materially reduce the value of your investment. Additionally, we are, and following this offering will continue to be a “controlled company” and may follow certain exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements that could adversely affect our public shareholders” on page 45.
Risks Related to Our Class A Ordinary Shares and This Offering
There are risks and uncertainties relating to our Class A Ordinary Shares and this Offering, including, but not limited to the following:
• Our Class A Ordinary Shares may be prohibited from being traded on a national exchange under the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act if the PCAOB is unable to inspect our auditors. The delisting of our Class A Ordinary Shares, or the threat of their being delisted, may materially and adversely affect the value of your investment. Furthermore, on June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, which was signed into law on December 29, 2022, amending the HFCAA to require the SEC to prohibit an issuer’s securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchanges if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Class A Ordinary Shares and This Offering — Our Class A Ordinary Shares may be prohibited from being traded on a national exchange under the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act if the PCAOB is unable to inspect our auditors. The delisting of our Class A Ordinary Shares, or the threat of their being delisted, may materially and adversely affect the value of your investment. Furthermore, on June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, which was signed into law on December 29, 2022, amending the HFCAA to require the SEC to prohibit an issuer’s securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchanges if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three” on page 46.
• We may experience extreme stock price volatility unrelated to our actual or expected operating performance, financial condition or prospects, making it difficult for prospective investors to assess the rapidly changing value of our Class A Ordinary Shares, and could result in substantial losses to you. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Class A Ordinary Shares and This Offering — We may experience extreme stock price volatility unrelated to our actual or expected operating performance, financial condition or prospects, making it difficult for prospective investors to assess the rapidly changing value of our Class A Ordinary Shares, and could result in substantial losses to you” on page 48.
• Our Class A Ordinary Shares may be thinly traded and you may be unable to sell at or near ask prices or at all if you need to sell your shares to raise money or otherwise desire to liquidate your shares. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Class A Ordinary Shares and This Offering — Our Class A Ordinary Shares may be thinly traded and you may be unable to sell at or near ask prices or at all if you need to sell your shares to raise money or otherwise desire to liquidate your shares” on page 50.
• If we cannot satisfy, or continue to satisfy, the initial listing requirements and other rules of Nasdaq Capital Market, although we are exempt from certain corporate governance standards applicable to US issuers as a Foreign Private Issuer, our Class A Ordinary Shares may not be listed or may be delisted, which could negatively impact the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares and your ability to sell them. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Class A Ordinary Shares and This Offering — If we cannot satisfy, or continue to satisfy, the initial listing requirements and other rules of Nasdaq Capital Market, although we are exempt from certain corporate governance standards applicable to US issuers as a Foreign Private Issuer, our Class A Ordinary Shares may not be listed or may be delisted, which could negatively impact the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares and your ability to sell them” on page 50.
• The sale or availability for sale of substantial amounts of our Class A Ordinary Shares in the public market could adversely affect the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Class A Ordinary Shares and This Offering — The sale or availability for sale of substantial amounts of our Class A Ordinary Shares in the public market could adversely affect the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares” on page 51.
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• You will experience immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of Class A Ordinary Shares purchased. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Class A Ordinary Shares and This Offering — You will experience immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of Class A Ordinary Shares purchased” on page 51.
• Because the amount, timing, and whether or not we distribute dividends at all is entirely at the discretion of our Board of Directors, you must rely on price appreciation of our Class A Ordinary Shares for return on your investment. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Class A Ordinary Shares and This Offering — Because the amount, timing, and whether or not we distribute dividends at all is entirely at the discretion of our Board of Directors, you must rely on price appreciation of our Class A Ordinary Shares for return on your investment” on page 51.
• As an “emerging growth company” under applicable law, we will be subject to lessened disclosure requirements. Such reduced disclosure may make our Class A Ordinary Shares less attractive to investors. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Class A Ordinary Shares and This Offering — As an “emerging growth company” under applicable law, we will be subject to lessened disclosure requirements. Such reduced disclosure may make our Class A Ordinary Shares less attractive to investors” on page 52.
• We will incur increased costs as a result of being a public company, particularly after we cease to qualify as an emerging growth company. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Class A Ordinary Shares and This Offering — We will incur increased costs as a result of being a public company, particularly after we cease to qualify as an emerging growth company” on page 52.
• As a “foreign private issuer” under the rules and regulations of the SEC, we are permitted to, and will, file less or different information with the SEC than a company incorporated in the United States or otherwise subject to these rules, and will be permitted to follow certain home-country corporate governance practices in lieu of certain Nasdaq requirements applicable to U.S. issuers. We are also permitted to adopt certain home country practices in relation to corporate governance matters that differ significantly from Nasdaq corporate governance listing standards. These practices may afford less protection to shareholders than they would enjoy if we complied fully with corporate governance listing standards. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Class A Ordinary Shares and This Offering — As a “foreign private issuer” under the rules and regulations of the SEC, we are permitted to, and will, file less or different information with the SEC than a company incorporated in the United States or otherwise subject to these rules, and will be permitted to follow certain home-country corporate governance practices in lieu of certain Nasdaq requirements applicable to U.S. issuers. We are also permitted to adopt certain home country practices in relation to corporate governance matters that differ significantly from Nasdaq corporate governance listing standards. These practices may afford less protection to shareholders than they would enjoy if we complied fully with corporate governance listing standards” on page 53.
• We have broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds from this Offering and may not use them effectively. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Class A Ordinary Shares and This Offering — We have broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds from this Offering and may not use them effectively” on page 54.
• There can be no assurance that we will not be deemed a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes for any taxable year, which could result in adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. holders of our Class A Ordinary Shares. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Class A Ordinary Shares and This Offering — There can be no assurance that we will not be deemed a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes for any taxable year, which could result in adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. holders of our Class A Ordinary Shares” on page 54.
Regulatory Development in the PRC
We are a holding company incorporated in the BVI with all of the operations conducted by our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong. We currently do not have, nor do we currently intend to establish, any subsidiary nor do we plan to enter into any contractual arrangements to establish a VIE structure with any entity in Mainland China.
Hong Kong is a special administrative region of the PRC and the basic policies of the PRC regarding Hong Kong are reflected in the Basic Law, which is a national law of the PRC and the constitutional document for Hong Kong. The Basic Law provides Hong Kong with a high degree of autonomy and executive, legislative and independent judicial powers, including that of final adjudication under the principle of “one country, two systems.”
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Accordingly, we believe PRC laws and regulations do not currently have any material or adverse impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations. However, there is no assurance that there will not be any changes in the economic, political and legal environment in Hong Kong in the future. If there was a significant change to current political arrangements between Mainland China and Hong Kong, companies operating in Hong Kong might face similar regulatory risks as those operated in Mainland China, including their ability to offer securities to investors, list their securities on a U.S. or other foreign exchange, and conduct their business or accept foreign investment. In light of China’s recent expansion of authority in Hong Kong, there are risks and uncertainties which we cannot foresee for the time being, and rules, regulations and the enforcement of laws in China can change quickly with little or no advance notice. The PRC government may intervene or influence the current and future operations in Hong Kong at any time or may exert more oversight and control over offerings conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in issuers like us.
We are aware that, recently, the PRC government initiated a series of regulatory actions and statements to regulate business operations in certain areas in Mainland China with little advance notice, including cracking down on illegal activities in the securities market, enhancing supervision over Mainland China-based companies listed overseas using a VIE structure, adopting new measures to extend the scope of cybersecurity reviews, and expanding the efforts in anti-monopoly enforcement. For example, on June 10, 2021, the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress enacted the PRC Data Security Law, which took effect on September 1, 2021. The law requires data collection to be conducted in a legitimate and proper manner, and stipulates that, for the purpose of data protection, data processing activities must be conducted based on data classification and hierarchical protection system for data security. On July 6, 2021, the General Office of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council jointly issued a document to crack down on illegal activities in the securities market and promote the high-quality development of the capital market, which, among other things, requires the relevant governmental authorities to strengthen cross-border oversight of law-enforcement and judicial cooperation, to enhance supervision over Mainland China-based companies listed overseas, and to establish and improve the system of extraterritorial application of the PRC securities laws.
Cybersecurity Review
On August 20, 2021, the 30th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People’s Congress voted and passed the “Personal Information Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China” or “PRC Personal Information Protection Law,” which became effective on November 1, 2021. The PRC Personal Information Protection Law applies to the processing of personal information of natural persons within the territory of Mainland China that is carried out outside of Mainland China where (1) such processing is for the purpose of providing products or services for natural persons within Mainland China, (2) such processing is to analyze or evaluate the behavior of natural persons within Mainland China, or (3) there are any other circumstances stipulated by related laws and administrative regulations.
On December 24, 2021, the CSRC, together with other relevant government authorities in Mainland China issued the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations, which require that a Mainland China domestic enterprise seeking to issue and list its shares overseas shall complete the filing procedures of and submit the relevant information to CSRC. The Overseas Issuance and Listing include direct and indirect issuance and listing. Where an enterprise whose principal business activities are conducted in Mainland China seeks to issue and list its shares in the name of an overseas enterprise (“Overseas Issuer”) on the basis of the equity, assets, income or other similar rights and interests of the relevant Mainland China domestic enterprise, such activities shall be deemed an indirect overseas issuance and listing (“Indirect Overseas Issuance and Listing”) under the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations.
On December 28, 2021, the CAC jointly with the relevant authorities formally published the Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021) which took effect on February 15, 2022 and replace the former Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2020) issued on July 10, 2021. The Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021) provide that operators of critical information infrastructure purchasing network products and services, and online platform operators (together with the operators of critical information infrastructure, the “Operators”) carrying out data processing activities that affect or may affect national security, shall conduct a cybersecurity review, any online platform operator who controls more than one million users’ personal information must go through a cybersecurity review by the cybersecurity review office if it seeks to be listed in a foreign country. The publication of the Measures expands the application scope of the cybersecurity review to cover data processors and indicates greater oversight by the CAC over data security, which may impact our business and this Offering in the future.
Our Operating Subsidiaries may collect and store data (including certain personal information) from their customers, some of whom may be individuals in Mainland China, in connection with our business and operations and for “Know Your Customers” purposes (to combat money laundering). We do not expect the Measures to have an impact on our business, operations, or this Offering, given that (i) our Operating Subsidiaries are incorporated in Hong Kong (ii) we have no subsidiary, VIE structure
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nor any direct operations in Mainland China, and (iii) pursuant to the Basic Law, which is a national law of the PRC and the constitutional document for Hong Kong, national laws of the Mainland China shall not be applied in Hong Kong except for those listed in Annex III of the Basic Law (which is confined to laws relating to defense and foreign affairs, as well as other matters outside the autonomy of Hong Kong). We believe that our Operating Subsidiaries will not be deemed to be an “Operator” required to file for cybersecurity review before listing in the United States, because (i) our Operating Subsidiaries were incorporated in Hong Kong and operate in Hong Kong without any subsidiary or VIE structure in Mainland China and each of the Measures, the PRC Personal Information Protection Law and the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations do not clearly provide whether it shall be applied to a company based in Hong Kong; (ii) as of date of this prospectus, our Operating Subsidiaries have in aggregate collected and stored personal information of less than one million users; (iii) all of the data our Operating Subsidiaries have collected is stored in servers located in Hong Kong; and (iv) as of the date of this prospectus, neither us nor our Operating Subsidiaries have been informed by any PRC governmental authority of any requirement to file for a cybersecurity review or a CSRC review. Therefore, based on the relevant facts and the applicable laws and regulations above, and as advised by our PRC legal counsel, East & Concord Partners, we do not believe we are subject to the CSRC’s filing requirements under the Trial Administrative Measures or CAC’s cybersecurity review requirements.
Data Security Law
The PRC Data Security Law (the “Data Security Law” or “DSL”), which was promulgated by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress on June 10, 2021 and took effect on September 1, 2021, requires data collection to be conducted in a legitimate and proper manner, and stipulates that, for the purpose of data protection, data processing activities must be conducted based on data classification and hierarchical protection system for data security. According to Article 2 of the Data Security Law, DSL applies to data processing activities within the territory of Mainland China as well as data processing activities conducted outside the territory of Mainland China which jeopardize the national interest or the public interest of PRC or the rights and interest of any PRC organization and citizens. Any entity failing to perform the obligations provided in the Data Security Law may be subject to orders to correct, warnings and penalties including ban or suspension of business, revocation of business licenses or other penalties. As of the date of this prospectus, we do not have any operation or maintain any office or personnel in Mainland China, and we have not conducted any data processing activities which may endanger the national interest or the public interest of PRC or the rights and interest of any PRC organization and citizens. Therefore, as of the date of this prospectus, based on the relevant facts and the applicable laws and regulations above, and as advised by our PRC legal counsel, East & Concord Partners, we do not believe that the Data Security Law is applicable to us.
CSRC Filing or approval
On August 8, 2006, six PRC regulatory agencies jointly adopted the Regulations on Mergers and Acquisitions of Domestic Enterprises by Foreign Investors (the “M&A Rules”), which came into effect on September 8, 2006 and were amended on June 22, 2009. The M&A Rules requires that an offshore special purpose vehicle formed for overseas listing purposes and controlled directly or indirectly by the PRC Citizens shall obtain the approval of the CSRC prior to overseas listing and trading of such special purpose vehicle’s securities on an overseas stock exchange. Based on our understanding of the Chinese laws and regulations currently in effect at the time of this prospectus, we will not be required to submit an application to the CSRC for its approval of this Offering and the listing and trading of our Class A Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq under the M&A Rules. However, there remains some uncertainty as to how the M&A Rules will be interpreted or implemented, and the opinions summarized above are subject to any new laws, rules and regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations in any form relating to the M&A Rules. We cannot assure you that relevant PRC government agencies, including the CSRC, would reach the same conclusion.
The General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council jointly issued the Opinions on Strictly Cracking Down on Illegal Securities Activities (the “Opinions”), which were made available to the public on July 6, 2021. The Opinions emphasized the need to strengthen the administration over illegal securities activities, and the need to strengthen the supervision over overseas listings by PRC-based companies. Pursuant to the Opinions, Chinese regulators are required to accelerate rulemaking related to the overseas issuance and listing of securities, and update the existing laws and regulations related to data security, cross-border data flow, and management of confidential information. Numerous regulations, guidelines and other measures are expected to be adopted under the umbrella of or in addition to the Cybersecurity Law and Data Security Law. As of the date of this prospectus, no official guidance or related implementation rules have been issued. As a result, the Opinions on Strictly Cracking Down on Illegal Securities Activities remain unclear on how they will be interpreted, amended and implemented by the relevant PRC governmental authorities.
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On December 24, 2021, the CSRC, together with other relevant PRC government authorities issued the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations. The Draft Overseas Listing Regulations requires that Overseas Issuance and Listing shall complete the filing procedures of and submit the relevant information to CSRC. The Overseas Issuance and Listing includes direct and indirect issuance and listing. Where an enterprise whose principal business activities are conducted in PRC seeks to issue and list its shares in the name of an Overseas Issuer on the basis of the equity, assets, income or other similar rights and interests of the relevant PRC domestic enterprise, such activities shall be deemed an Indirect Overseas Issuance and Listing under the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations.
On February 17, 2023, the CSRC released the Trial Administrative Measures and five supporting guidelines, which came into effect on March 31, 2023. According to the Trial Administrative Measures, among other requirements, (1) domestic companies that seek to offer or list securities overseas, both directly and indirectly, should fulfill the filing procedures with the CSRC; if a domestic company fails to complete the filing procedures, such domestic company may be subject to administrative penalties; (2) where a domestic company seeks to indirectly offer and list securities in an overseas market, the issuer shall designate a major domestic operating entity responsible for all filing procedures with the CSRC, and such filings shall be submitted to the CSRC within three business days after the submission of the overseas offering and listing application. On the same day, the CSRC also held a press conference for the release of the Trial Administrative Measures and issued the Notice on Administration for the Filing of Overseas Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies, which clarifies that (1) on or prior to the effective date of the Trial Administrative Measures, domestic companies that have already submitted valid applications for overseas offering and listing but have not obtained approval from overseas regulatory authorities or stock exchanges may reasonably arrange the timing for submitting their filing applications with the CSRC, and must complete the filing before the completion of their overseas offering and listing; (2) a six-month transition period will be granted to domestic companies which, prior to the effective date of the Trial Administrative Measures, have already obtained the approval from overseas regulatory authorities or stock exchanges, but have not completed the indirect overseas listing; if domestic companies fail to complete the overseas listing within such six-month transition period, they shall file with the CSRC according to the requirements; and (3) the CSRC will solicit opinions from relevant regulatory authorities and complete the filing of the overseas listing of companies with contractual arrangements which duly meet the compliance requirements, and support the development and growth of these companies.
Since recent statements, laws and regulatory actions by the PRC government are newly published, their interpretation, application and enforcement of unclear and there also remains significant uncertainty as to the enactment, interpretation and implementation of other regulatory requirements related to overseas securities offerings and other capital markets activities. It also remains uncertain whether the PRC government will adopt additional requirements or extend the existing requirements to apply to our Operating Subsidiaries located in Hong Kong. It is also uncertain whether the Hong Kong government will be mandated by the PRC government, despite the constitutional constraints of the Basic Law, to control over offerings conducted overseas and/or foreign investment of entities in Hong Kong, including our Operating Subsidiaries. Any actions by the PRC government to exert more oversight and control over offerings (including of businesses whose primary operations are in Hong Kong) that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investments in Hong Kong-based issuers could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer securities to investors. If there is significant change to current political arrangements between Mainland China and Hong Kong, or the applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations change, and, in such event, if we are required to obtain such approvals in the future and we do not receive or maintain the approvals or is denied permission from Mainland China or Hong Kong authorities, we will not be able to list our Class A Ordinary Shares on a U.S. exchange, or continue to offer securities to investors, which would materially affect the interests of the investors and cause significant the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares significantly decline or be worthless.
The Trial Administrative Measures further clarified and emphasized that the comprehensive determination of the “indirect overseas offering and listing by PRC domestic companies” shall comply with the principle of “substance over form” and particularly, an issuer will be required to go through the filing procedures under the Trial Administrative Measures if the following criteria are met at the same time: a) 50% or more of the issuer’s operating revenue, total profits, total assets or net assets as documented in its audited consolidated financial statements for the most recent accounting year are accounted for by PRC domestic companies, and b) the main parts of the issuer’s business activities are conducted in mainland China, or its main places of business are located in Mainland China, or the senior managers in charge of its business operation and management are mostly Chinese citizens or domiciled in Mainland China. Furthermore, the Trial Administrative Measures and its supporting guidelines provide a negative list of types of issuers banned from listing overseas, the issuers’ obligation to comply with national security measures and the personal data protection laws, and certain other matters such as the requirements that an issuer (i) file with the CSRC within three business days after it submits an application for initial public offering to the competent overseas regulator and (ii) file subsequent reports with the CSRC on material events, including change of control and voluntary or forced delisting, after its overseas offering and listing.
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Charming Medical is a holding company incorporated in the BVI with operating entity based in Hong Kong. It does not have any VIE structure and does not have any operations in Mainland China, nor is it controlled by any companies or individuals of Mainland China. Further, we are headquartered in Hong Kong with our officers and all members of the Board of Directors based in Hong Kong who are not Mainland China citizens and all of our revenues and profits are generated by our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong. In other words, we have not generated revenues or profits from Mainland China in the most recent accounting year that accounts for more than 50% of the corresponding figure in our audited consolidated financial statements for the same period. Therefore, based on PRC laws and regulations effective as of the date of this prospectus, (i) neither we, nor our subsidiaries, are “PRC domestic companies” which would be subject to the Trial Administrative Measures; and (ii) neither we, nor our subsidiaries are required to obtain regulatory approval from the CSRC or go through the filing procedures under the Trial Administrative Measures before our Class A Ordinary Shares can be listed or offered in the U.S. As such, we do not believe PRC laws and regulations have any material impact on our and our subsidiaries’ business, financial condition and results of operations.
However, given the uncertainties arising from the legal system in Mainland China and Hong Kong, including uncertainties regarding the interpretation and enforcement of PRC laws and the significant authority of the PRC government to intervene or influence the offshore holding company headquartered in Hong Kong, there remains significant uncertainty in the interpretation and enforcement of, relevant Mainland China cybersecurity laws and other regulations. Since these laws, regulations and regulatory actions are new, it is highly uncertain how soon the legislative or administrative regulation making bodies will respond and what existing or new laws or regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations will be modified or promulgated, if any. It is also highly uncertain what the potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on our subsidiaries’ daily business operation and the listing of our Class A Ordinary Shares on a United States or other foreign exchanges. As the Trial Administrative Measures are newly issued, there remains uncertainty as to how it will be interpreted or implemented. Therefore, we cannot assure you that when and whether we or our subsidiaries will be subject to such filing requirements, or whether we or our subsidiaries will be able to get clearance from the CSRC in a timely manner, or at all, even though we believe that none of the situations that would clearly prohibit overseas listing and offering applies to us.
Furthermore, if the Trial Administrative Measures, the Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021), and the PRC Personal Information Protection Law (the “PIPL”) become applicable to us or our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong, our operation and the listing of our Class A Ordinary Shares in the United States could be subject to the CAC’s cybersecurity review or the CSRC Overseas Issuance and Listing review in the future. If the applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations change and our Operating Subsidiaries become subject to the CAC or CSRC review, we cannot assure you that our Operating Subsidiaries will be able to comply with the regulatory requirements in all respects and our current practice of collecting and processing personal information may be ordered to be rectified or terminated by regulatory authorities. Compliance with these laws and regulations could significantly increase the cost to us of providing our service offerings, require significant changes to our operations or even prevent us from providing certain service offerings in jurisdictions in which we currently operate or in which we may operate in the future.
Moreover, if there is a significant change to the current political arrangements between Mainland China and Hong Kong, or the applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations change, and/or if we or our subsidiaries were required to obtain such permissions or approvals in the future in connection with the listing or continued listing of our securities on a stock exchange outside of the PRC, it is uncertain how long it will take for us to obtain such approval, and, even if we obtain such approval, the approval could be rescinded. Any failure to obtain or a delay in obtaining the necessary approval or permissions from the PRC authorities to conduct offerings or list outside of the PRC may subject us or our subsidiaries to sanctions imposed by the CSRC, CAC, or other PRC regulatory authorities. It could include fines and penalties, proceedings against us, confiscating our and/or our Operating Subsidiaries’ income, revoking our or our Operating Subsidiaries’ business licenses or operating licenses, discontinuing or placing restrictions or onerous conditions on our operations, requiring us to undergo a costly and disruptive restructuring, restricting or prohibiting our use of proceeds from our Offering to finance our business and operations, and other forms of sanctions or enforcement actions that could be harmful to our business. Any of these actions could cause significant disruption to our or subsidiaries’ business operations, restrict our ability to offer or continue to offer Class A Ordinary Shares to investors or list on the U.S. or other overseas exchange, the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares may also significantly decline or be worthless, and our business, reputation, financial condition, and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected. In addition, if the CSRC, the CAC, or other PRC regulatory authorities later promulgate new rules requiring that we or our subsidiaries must obtain their approvals for this offering, we may be unable to obtain a waiver of such approval requirements. Any uncertainties and/or negative publicity regarding such an approval requirement could materially affect the interests of the investors and have a material adverse effect on the possibility of completion of the Offering.
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Permission Required from Hong Kong and PRC Authorities
As of the date of this prospectus, we are advised by our Hong Kong counsel, FCLK, that we are not required to obtain permission or approval from Hong Kong authorities to offer the securities being registered to foreign investors. Should there be any change in applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations, and we or any of our subsidiaries are required to obtain such permissions or approvals in the future, we will strive to comply with the then applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations.
As advised by our PRC Counsel, East & Concord Partners, as of the date of this prospectus, based on PRC laws and regulations effective as of the date of this prospectus, the Company is not required to obtain regulatory approval from the CSRC in accordance with the Trial Administrative Measures or undergo a CAC’s cybersecurity review requirements before listing in the United States and to issue our Class A Ordinary Shares to foreign investors or operate our business as currently conducted, because (i) the CSRC currently has not issued any definitive rule or interpretation concerning whether offerings like ours under this prospectus are subject to this regulation; and (ii) our Operating Subsidiaries were established and operate in Hong Kong and are not included in the categories of industries and companies whose foreign securities offerings are subject to review by the CSRC or the CAC. We believe, neither the Company, Beautylab BVI nor any of our Operating Subsidiaries, are required to obtain any permissions or approvals from any PRC authorities to operate their business as of the date of this prospectus. No permissions or approvals have been applied for by us or denied by any relevant authority.
In the event that the operation of us or our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong were to become subject to the PRC laws and regulations, the legal and operational risks associated in Mainland China also apply to our operations in Hong Kong, and we face the risks and uncertainties associated with the legal system in the Mainland China, complex and evolving PRC laws and regulation, and as to whether and how the recent PRC government statements and regulatory developments, such as those relating to data and cyberspace security and anti-monopoly concerns, would be applicable to companies like our Operating Subsidiaries and us, given the substantial operations of our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong and PRC government may exercise significant oversight over the conduct of business in Hong Kong.
However, there is no assurance that there will not be any changes in the economic, political and legal environment in Hong Kong in the future. Uncertainties still exist, due to the possibility that laws, regulations, or policies in Hong Kong could change rapidly in the future. In the event that the operation of us or our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong were to become subject to the PRC laws and regulations, the legal and operational risks associated in Mainland China also apply to our operations in Hong Kong, and we face the risks and uncertainties associated with the legal system in the Mainland China, complex and evolving PRC laws and regulation, and as to whether and how the recent PRC government statements and regulatory developments, such as those relating to data and cyberspace security and anti-monopoly concerns, would be applicable to companies like our Operating Subsidiaries and us, given the substantial operations of our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong and PRC government may exercise significant oversight over the conduct of business in Hong Kong.
In the event that (i) the PRC government expanded the categories of industries and companies whose foreign securities offerings are subject to review by the CSRC or the CAC and that we are required to obtain such permissions or approvals, (ii) we inadvertently concluded that relevant permissions or approvals were not required or that we did not receive or maintain relevant permissions or approvals required, or (iii) applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations change and require us to obtain such permissions or approvals in the future, we may face regulatory risks as those operated in Mainland China, including the ability to offer securities to investors, list their securities on a U.S. or other foreign exchanges, conduct their business or accept foreign investment or sanctions by the CSRC, the CAC, or other PRC regulatory agencies. Any action taken by the PRC government could significantly limit or completely hinder our operations in Hong Kong and our ability and to offer or continue to offer securities to investors and could cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or be worthless.
Implications of Being an “Emerging Growth Company”
As a company with less than US$1.235 billion in revenues during our last fiscal year, we qualify as an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act. An “emerging growth company” may take advantage of reduced reporting requirements that are otherwise applicable to larger public companies. In particular, as an emerging growth company, we:
• may present only two years of audited financial statements and only two years of related Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, or “MD&A”;
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• are not required to provide a detailed narrative disclosure discussing our compensation principles, objectives and elements and analyzing how those elements fit with our principles and objectives, which is commonly referred to as “compensation discussion and analysis”;
• are not required to obtain an attestation and report from our auditors on our management’s assessment of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002;
• are not required to obtain a non-binding advisory vote from our shareholders on executive compensation or golden parachute arrangements (commonly referred to as the “say-on-pay,” “say-on frequency” and “say-on-golden-parachute” votes);
• are exempt from certain executive compensation disclosure provisions requiring a pay-for-performance graph and chief executive officer pay ratio disclosure;
• are eligible to claim extended transition periods for the adoption of new or revised financial accounting standards under §107 of the JOBS Act; and
• will not be required to conduct an evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting until our second annual report on Form 20-F following the effectiveness of our initial public offering.
We intend to take advantage of all of these reduced reporting requirements and exemptions, including the extended transition period for the adoption of new or revised financial accounting standards, having acknowledged that such election is irrevocable under §107 of the JOBS Act. Our election to use the phase-in periods may make it difficult to compare our financial statements to those of non-emerging growth companies and other emerging growth companies that have opted out of the phase-in periods under §107 of the JOBS Act.
We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year during which we have total annual gross revenues of at least US$1.235 billion; (ii) the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the completion of this Offering; (iii) the date on which we have, during the preceding three-year period, issued more than US$1.0 billion in non-convertible debt; or (iv) the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, which would occur if the market value of our Class A Ordinary Shares that are held by non-affiliates exceeds US$700.0 million as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter. Once we cease to be an emerging growth company, we will not be entitled to the exemptions provided in the JOBS Act discussed above.
Implications of Being a Foreign Private Issuer
Upon consummation of this offering, we will report under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as a non-U.S. company with “foreign private issuer” status. Even after we no longer qualify as an emerging growth company, so long as we qualify as a foreign private issuer under the Exchange Act, we are exempt from certain provisions applicable to U.S. domestic public companies. For example:
• we are not required to provide as many Exchange Act reports, or as frequently, as a domestic public company;
• for interim reporting, we are permitted to comply solely with our home country requirements, which are less rigorous than the rules that apply to domestic public companies;
• we are not required to provide the same level of disclosure on certain issues, such as executive compensation;
• we are exempt from provisions of Regulation FD aimed at preventing issuers from making selective disclosures of material information;
• we are not required to comply with the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents or authorizations in respect of a security registered under the Exchange Act; and
• we are not required to comply with Section 16 of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports of their share ownership and trading activities and establishing insider liability for profits realized from any “short-swing” trading transaction.
Furthermore, Nasdaq Rule 5615(a)(3) provides that a foreign private issuer, such as us, may rely on our home country corporate governance practices in lieu of certain of the rules in the Nasdaq Rule 5600 Series and Rule 5250(d), provided that we nevertheless comply with Nasdaq’s Notification of Noncompliance requirement (Rule 5625), the Voting Rights
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requirement (Rule 5640) and that we have an audit committee that satisfies Rule 5605(c)(3), consisting of committee members that meet the independence requirements of Rule 5605(c)(2)(A)(ii). If we rely on our home country corporate governance practices in lieu of certain of the rules of Nasdaq, our shareholders may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of Nasdaq.
We will be required to file an annual report on Form 20-F containing financial statements audited by an independent registered public accounting firm within four months of the end of each financial year. As a foreign private issuer, we are not generally required to provide quarterly financial information to the shareholders. Press releases relating to financial results and material events will also be furnished to the SEC on Form 6-K. However, the information we are required to file with or furnish to the SEC will be less extensive and less timely than that required to be filed with the SEC by U.S. domestic issuers. A foreign private issuer that follows a home country practice in lieu of one or more of the listing rules is required to disclose in its annual reports filed with the SEC each requirement that it does not follow and describe the home country practice followed by the issuer in lieu of such requirements. Prior to completing this offering, we will not rely on home country practice to be exempted from certain of the corporate governance requirements of Nasdaq. If we relied on our home country corporate governance practices in lieu of certain of the rules of Nasdaq after this offering, our shareholders may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of Nasdaq. If we choose to do so in the future, we may utilize these exemptions for as long as we continue to qualify as a foreign private issuer.
Implications of Being a Controlled Company
We are and will continue, following this offering, to be a “controlled company” within the meaning of the Nasdaq Listing Rules and, as a result, may rely on exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements that provide protection to shareholders of other companies.
Controlled companies are exempt from the majority of independent director requirements. Controlled companies are subject to an exemption from Nasdaq standards requiring that the board of a listed company consist of a majority of independent directors within one year of the listing date.
Public companies that qualify as a “Controlled Company” with securities listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market, or Nasdaq, must comply with the exchange’s continued listing standards to maintain their listings. Nasdaq has adopted qualitative listing standards. Companies that do not comply with these corporate governance requirements may lose their listing status. Under the Nasdaq rules, a “controlled company” is a company with more than 50% of its voting power held by a single person, entity or group. Under Nasdaq rules, a controlled company is exempt from certain corporate governance requirements including:
• the requirement that a majority of the board of directors consist of independent directors;
• the requirement that a listed company have a nominating and governance committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities;
• the requirement that a listed company have a compensation committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities; and
• the requirement for an annual performance evaluation of the nominating and governance committee and compensation committee.
Controlled companies must still comply with the exchange’s other corporate governance standards. These include having an audit committee and the special meetings of independent or non-management directors.
As of the date of this prospectus, 77.60% of the issued and outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares and 100% of our total issued and outstanding Class B Ordinary Shares of the Company are owned by Ms. Kit Wong, our CEO, Director, and Chairman of the Board of Directors. Upon the completion of this Offering, Ms. Wong will own 69.29% of our total issued and outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares and 100% of our total issued and outstanding Class B Ordinary Shares, representing 91.65% of the total voting power, assuming that the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option, or 68.19% of our total issued and outstanding Ordinary Shares, representing 91.25% of the total voting power, assuming that the over-allotment option is exercised in full. As a result, we will be a “controlled company” as defined under Nasdaq Listing Rules because our Controlling Shareholder will hold more than 50% of the voting power for the election of directors.
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Although we do not intend to rely on the controlled company exemptions under the Nasdaq listing rules, we could elect to rely on these exemptions after we complete this offering, and if so, you would not have the same protection afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of the Nasdaq Capital Market. If we elected to rely on the “controlled company” exemption, a majority of the members of our board of directors might not be independent directors and our nomination and compensation committees might not consist entirely of independent directors after we complete this offering.
Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act
The Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, or the HFCAA, was enacted on December 18, 2020. The HFCAA states if the SEC determines that we have filed audit reports issued by a registered public accounting firm that has not been subject to inspection by the PCAOB for three consecutive years beginning in 2021, the SEC shall prohibit our shares from being traded on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter trading market in the United States.
On March 24, 2021, the SEC adopted interim final rules relating to the implementation of certain disclosure and documentation requirements of the HFCA Act. A company will be required to comply with these rules if the SEC identifies it as having a “non-inspection” year under a process to be subsequently established by the SEC. The SEC is assessing how to implement other requirements of the HFCA Act, including the listing and trading prohibition requirements described above. Furthermore, on June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (the “AHFCAA”), which was signed into law on December 29, 2022, amending the HFCAA and requiring the SEC to prohibit an issuer’s securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchange if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three consecutive years. On September 22, 2021, the PCAOB adopted a final rule implementing the HFCAA, which provides a framework for the PCAOB to use when determining, as contemplated under the HFCAA, whether the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms located in a foreign jurisdiction because of a position taken by one or more authorities in that jurisdiction. On December 2, 2021, the SEC issued amendments to finalize rules implementing the submission and disclosure requirements in the HFCA Act. The rules apply to registrants that the SEC identifies as having filed an annual report with an audit report issued by a registered public accounting firm that is located in a foreign jurisdiction and that PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken by an authority in foreign jurisdictions. On December 16, 2021, the PCAOB issued a Determination Report which found that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in: (i) Mainland China, and (ii) Hong Kong.
On August 26, 2022, the PCAOB announced and signed a Statement of Protocol (the “Protocol”) with the China Securities Regulatory Commission and the Ministry of Finance of the People’s Republic of China. The Protocol provides the PCAOB with: (1) sole discretion to select the firms, audit engagements and potential violations it inspects and investigates, without any involvement of Chinese authorities; (2) procedures for PCAOB inspectors and investigators to view complete audit work papers with all information included and for the PCAOB to retain information as needed; (3) direct access to interview and take testimony from all personnel associated with the audits the PCAOB inspects or investigates.
On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB issued a new Determination Report which: (1) vacated the December 16, 2021 Determination Report; and (2) concluded that the PCAOB has been able to conduct inspections and investigations completely in the PRC in 2022. The December 15, 2022 Determination Report cautions, however, that authorities in the PRC might take positions at any time that would prevent the PCAOB from continuing to inspect or investigate completely. As required by the HFCAA, if in the future the PCAOB determines it no longer can inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken by an authority in the PRC, the PCAOB will act expeditiously to consider whether it should issue a new determination.
Our auditor, WWC, P.C., the independent registered public accounting firm that issues the audit report included elsewhere in this prospectus, as a firm headquartered in California and registered with the PCAOB, is subject to laws in the United States pursuant to which the PCAOB conducts regular inspections to assess our auditor’s compliance with the applicable professional standards with the last inspection in 2023. As of the date of this prospectus, our auditor is not subject to and not affected by the PCAOB’s Determination Report.
However, in the event it is later determined that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely the auditor because of a position taken by an authority in a foreign jurisdiction, such as the PRC authorities, then such lack of inspection could cause trading in the Company’s securities to be prohibited under the HFCAA, and ultimately result in a determination by a securities exchange to delist the Company’s securities. Furthermore, as more stringent criteria
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have been imposed by the SEC and the PCAOB, recently, which would add uncertainties to our offering, and we cannot assure you whether Nasdaq or regulatory authorities would apply additional and more stringent criteria to us after considering the effectiveness of our auditor’s audit procedures and quality control procedures, adequacy of personnel and training, or sufficiency of resources, geographic reach or experience as it relates to the audit of our financial statements. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Class A Ordinary Shares and This Offering — Our Class A Ordinary Shares may be prohibited from being traded on a national exchange under the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act if the PCAOB is unable to inspect our auditors. The delisting of our Class A Ordinary Shares, or the threat of their being delisted, may materially and adversely affect the value of your investment. Furthermore, on June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, which was signed into law on December 29, 2022, amending the HFCAA to require the SEC to prohibit an issuer’s securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchanges if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three” on page 46.
Corporate Information
Our principal executive office is located at Units 1803-1806, 18/F, Hang Lung Centre, 2-20 Paterson Street, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong. The telephone number of our principal executive office is +(852) 2116 1492. Our registered agent in the BVI is Overseas Company Services Limited.
Our registered office and our registered agent’s office in the BVI are located at Unit 8, 3/F., Qwomar Trading Complex, Blackburne Road, Port Purcell, Road Town, Tortola, BVI, VG1110. Our agent for service of process in the United States is Cogency Global Inc., located at 122 E 42nd Street, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10168.
We maintain a website at https://www.charmingmed.com/. We do not incorporate the information on our website into this prospectus and you should not consider any information on, or that can be accessed through, our website as part of this prospectus.
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The Offering
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Issuer: |
Charming Medical Limited |
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Securities being Offered: |
1,600,000 Class A Ordinary Shares |
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Initial Public Offering Price per Class A Ordinary Share: |
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Ordinary Shares Outstanding Prior to this Offering: |
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Ordinary Shares Outstanding after this Offering: |
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Over-Allotment Option: |
We have granted the underwriters an option for a period of 45 days from the closing of this Offering to purchase up to 15% of the total number of Class A Ordinary Shares to be offered by us pursuant to this Offering, solely for the purpose of covering over-allotments, at the public offering price less the underwriting discounts. |
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Lock-up |
Our directors and officers and holders of more than 5% of our securities (including warrants, options, convertible securities, and ordinary shares of the Company) as of the effective date of this registration statement will enter into customary “lock-up” agreements in favor of the underwriters for a period of six (6) months from the effective date of this prospectus. We have agreed with the underwriters that, for a period of six (6) months after the closing of this offering, we and any successors of us will not (a) offer, sell, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of capital stock of the Company or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Company; or (b) file or caused to be filed any registration statement with the SEC relating to the offering of any shares of capital stock of the Company or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Company. |
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Listing: |
We plan to list our Class A Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market. |
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Proposed trading market and symbol: |
“MCTA.” |
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Transfer Agent: |
Transhare Corporation |
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Risk Factors: |
Investing in these securities involves a high degree of risk. As an investor, you should be able to bear a complete loss of your investment. You should carefully consider the information set forth in the “Risk Factors” section of this prospectus before deciding to invest in our Class A Ordinary Shares. |
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Use of Proceeds: |
We estimate that we will receive net proceeds from this offering of approximately US$6.6 million (or US$7.7 million if the underwriters exercise the option to purchase additional Class A Ordinary Shares in full), after deducting the underwriting discounts, commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us and assuming an initial public offering price of US$5.00 per Class A Ordinary Share, being the mid-point of the estimated range of the initial public offering price shown on the front cover of this prospectus. We intend to use the proceeds from this Offering for: • Approximately 40% for expanding business and geographic coverage, such as opening new wellness centers in other geographic markets like Southeast Asia; • Approximately 30% for potential strategic investment and acquisitions; and • Approximately 10% for research and development, including funding for technology development and product development; for example, we may invest in ingredient research and exploring new uses of medicinal herbs for skincare product development; and • Approximately 20% for general working capital and corporate purposes. See “Use of Proceeds” for more information. |
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An investment in our Class A Ordinary Shares involves a high degree of risk. Before deciding whether to invest in our Class A Ordinary Shares, you should consider carefully the risks described below, together with all of the other information set forth in this prospectus, including the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes. If any of these risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flow could be materially and adversely affected, which could cause the trading price of our Class A Ordinary Shares to decline, resulting in a loss of all or part of your investment. The risks described below and, in the documents, referenced above are not the only ones that we face. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our business. You should only consider investing in our Class A Ordinary Shares if you can bear the risk of loss of your entire investment.
Risks Related to Doing Business in Hong Kong
The legislation of Article 23 of the Basic Law which has come into effect in March 2024 and the evolving Hong Kong legal system have inherent uncertainties that could limit the legal protection available to you.
Hong Kong is a special administrative region of the PRC and the basic policies of the PRC regarding Hong Kong are reflected in the Basic Law, namely Hong Kong’s constitutional document, which ensures Hong Kong a high degree of autonomy and the ability to retain its own executive, legislative and independent judicial powers, including that of final adjudication under the principle of “One Country, Two Systems.” Additionally, Hong Kong is responsible for its own domestic affairs including, but not limited to, immigration and customs, public finance and currencies and, with the assistance or authorization of the Central People’s Government of the PRC, the Hong Kong government may make appropriate arrangements with foreign states for reciprocal juridical assistance. Hong Kong continues using the common law system, rather than the civil law system adopted by mainland China.
However, there is no assurance that there will not be any changes in the political arrangement between PRC and Hong Kong and the economic, political and legal environment in Hong Kong in the future. On March 19, 2024, the Legislative Council of Hong Kong passed the Safeguarding National Security bill and the Safeguarding National Security Ordinance, which was enacted according to the Article 23 of the Basic Law of Hong Kong, has come into effect on March 23, 2024, and the previous proposal for the legislation of Article 23 of the Basic Law in 2003 was withdrawn due to mass opposition. The said ordinance mainly covers five types of offenses, i.e. treason, insurrection, offences in connection with state secrets and espionage, sabotage endangering national security and related activities, and external interference and organizations engaging in activities endangering national security. It is difficult for us to predict the degree of its adverse impact on Hong Kong or our business in Hong Kong but if our Hong Kong Operating Subsidiaries is determined to be in violation of the Safeguarding National Security Ordinance by competent authorities, our business operations, financial position and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. Since all of our operations are based in Hong Kong, any change in the political arrangements between Hong Kong and the PRC may pose an adverse impact on the stability of the economy in Hong Kong, thereby directly and adversely affecting our business, results of operations and financial positions, and legal protection available to investors.
All of our operations are conducted by our wholly-owned Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong. However, due to the long-arm application of the current PRC laws and regulations, the PRC government may exercise significant direct oversight and discretion over the conduct of our business and may intervene or influence our operations, which could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares. Our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong may be subject to certain PRC laws and regulations, which may impair our ability to operate profitably and result in a material negative impact on our operations and/or the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares. Furthermore, the changes in the policies, laws, regulations, rules, and the enforcement of laws of Mainland China may also occur quickly with little advance notice and our assertions and beliefs of the risk imposed by the Mainland China legal and regulatory system cannot be certain.
We have no operations in Mainland China. Our Operating Subsidiaries is located and operates its business in Hong Kong, a special administrative region of the PRC. Pursuant to the Basic Law of Hong Kong (“Basic Law”), national laws of Mainland China do not apply in Hong Kong unless they are listed in Annex III of the Basic Law and applied locally by promulgation or local legislation. National laws that may be listed in Annex III are currently limited
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under the Basic Law to those which fall within the scope of defense and foreign affairs as well as other matters outside the limits of the autonomy of Hong Kong. National laws and regulations relating to data protection, cybersecurity and the anti-monopoly have not been listed in Annex III and so do not apply directly to Hong Kong.
However, due to long-arm provisions under the current PRC laws and regulations, there remains regulatory and legal uncertainty with respect to the implementation of certain PRC laws and regulations to Hong Kong. As a result, there is no guarantee that the PRC government may not choose to implement the laws of Mainland China to Hong Kong and exercise significant direct influence and discretion over the operation of our Operating Subsidiaries in the future and, it will not have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations, due to changes in laws, political arrangement, or other unforeseeable reasons.
In the event that we or our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong were to become subject to the PRC laws and regulations, the legal and operational risks associated in Mainland China may also apply to our operations in Hong Kong, and we face the risks and uncertainties associated with the legal system in the Mainland China, complex and evolving PRC laws and regulation, and as to whether and how the recent PRC government statements and regulatory developments, such as those relating to data and cyberspace security and anti-monopoly concerns, would be applicable to companies like our Operating Subsidiaries and us, given the substantial operations of our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong and the PRC government may exercise significant oversight over the conduct of business in Hong Kong.
The laws and regulations in Mainland China are evolving, and their enactment timetable, interpretation, enforcement, and implementation involve significant uncertainties and may change quickly with little advance notice, along with the risk that the PRC government may intervene or influence our Operating Subsidiaries’ operations at any time could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our securities. Moreover, there are substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of PRC laws and regulations including, but not limited to, the laws and regulations related to our business and the enforcement and performance of our arrangements with clients in certain circumstances. The laws and regulations are sometimes vague and may be subject to future changes, and their official interpretation and enforcement may involve substantial uncertainty. The effectiveness and interpretation of newly enacted laws or regulations, including amendments to existing laws and regulations, may be delayed, and our business may be affected if we rely on laws and regulations which are subsequently adopted or interpreted in a manner different from our understanding of these laws and regulations. New laws and regulations that affect existing and proposed future businesses may also be applied retroactively. We cannot predict what effect the interpretation of existing or new PRC laws or regulations may have on our business.
The laws, regulations, and other government directives in Mainland China may also be costly to comply with, and such compliance or any associated inquiries or investigations or any other government actions may:
• delay or impede our development;
• result in negative publicity or increase our operating costs;
• require significant management time and attention;
• cause devaluation of our securities or delisting; and,
• subject us to remedies, administrative penalties and even criminal liabilities that may harm our business, including fines assessed for our current or historical operations, or demands or orders that we modify or even cease our business operations.
We are aware that recently, the PRC government initiated a series of regulatory actions and statements to regulate business operations in certain areas in Mainland China with little advance notice, including cracking down on illegal activities in the securities market, enhancing supervision over Mainland China-based companies listed overseas using a VIE structure, adopting new measures to extend the scope of cybersecurity reviews, and expanding the efforts in anti-monopoly enforcement. Based on our understanding of the PRC laws and regulations currently in effect as of the date of this prospectus, as our Operating Subsidiaries is located and operates in Hong Kong, we are not currently required to obtain permission from the PRC government to list on a U.S. securities exchange and consummate this Offering. However, there is no guarantee that this will continue to be the case in the future in relation to the continued listing of our securities on a securities exchange outside of the PRC, or even when such permission is obtained, it will not be subsequently denied or rescinded.
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The PRC government may intervene or influence our operations at any time or may exert control over offerings conducted overseas and foreign investment in Hong Kong-based issuers, which may result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares. For example, there is currently no restriction or limitation under the laws of Hong Kong on the conversion of HK dollar into foreign currencies and the transfer of currencies out of Hong Kong and the laws and regulations of the PRC on currency conversion control do not currently have any material impact on the transfer of cash between the ultimate holding company and the Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong. However, the PRC government may, in the future, impose restrictions or limitations on our ability to move money out of Hong Kong to distribute earnings and pay dividends to and from the other entities within our organization or to reinvest in our business outside of Hong Kong. Such restrictions and limitations, if imposed in the future, may delay or hinder the expansion of our business to outside of Hong Kong and may affect our ability to receive funds from our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong. The promulgation of new laws or regulations, or the new interpretation of existing laws and regulations, in each case, that restrict or otherwise unfavorably impact the ability or way we conduct our business, could require us to change certain aspects of our business to ensure compliance, which could decrease demand for our services, reduce revenues, increase costs, require us to obtain more licenses, permits, approvals or certificates, or subject us to additional liabilities. To the extent any new or more stringent measures are required to be implemented, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected and such measured could materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares, potentially rendering it worthless.
There remain some uncertainties as to whether we will be required to obtain approvals from the PRC authorities to list on the U.S. exchanges and offer securities in the future, and if required, we cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain such approval. We or our subsidiaries may become subject to a variety of PRC laws and other obligations regarding data security in relation to offerings that are conducted overseas, and any failure to comply with applicable laws and obligations could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and may hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer Class A Ordinary Shares to investors and cause the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or be worthless.
On June 10, 2021, the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress enacted the PRC Data Security Law, which took effect on September 1, 2021. The law requires data collection to be conducted in a legitimate and proper manner, and stipulates that, for the purpose of data protection, data processing activities must be conducted based on data classification and hierarchical protection system for data security.
On July 6, 2021, the General Office of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council jointly issued a document to crack down on illegal activities in the securities market and promote the high-quality development of the capital market, which, among other things, requires the relevant governmental authorities to strengthen cross-border oversight of law-enforcement and judicial cooperation, to enhance supervision over China-based companies listed overseas, and to establish and improve the system of extraterritorial application of the PRC securities laws.
On August 20, 2021, the 30th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People’s Congress voted and passed the “Personal Information Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China,” or “PRC Personal Information Protection Law,” or the “PIPL,” which became effective on November 1, 2021. The PRC Personal Information Protection Law applies to the processing of personal information of natural persons within the territory of China that is carried out outside of China where (1) such processing is for the purpose of providing products or services for natural persons within China, (2) such processing is to analyze or evaluate the behavior of natural persons within China, or (3) there are any other circumstances stipulated by related laws and administrative regulations. Pursuant to the PIPL, personal data processors (“data processors”) shall meet one of the conditions in order to transmit personal information overseas for their business operations: (i) passing the security evaluation organized by the Cyberspace Administration of China (the “CAC”); (ii) acquiring personal information protection certification from the professional organizations regulated by the CAC; (iii) adopting the standard contract forms stipulated by the CAC when entering into contracts with overseas information receivers, setting forth the rights and obligations of the parties; and (iv) other conditions regulated by laws, regulations and the CAC. Prior to the cross-border provision of personal information of the natural persons, personal information processors shall obtain the approval of the corresponding natural persons and advise them of the overseas receiver’s name, contact information, processing purpose and methods, classification of personal information and information reception procedures, etc.
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On December 28, 2021, the CAC jointly with the relevant authorities formally published Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021) which took effect on February 15, 2022 and replace the former Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2020) issued on July 10, 2021. Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021) stipulates that in addition to “operator of critical information infrastructure,” any “data processor” carrying out data processing activities that affect or may affect national security should also be subject to cybersecurity review, and further elaborated the factors to be considered when assessing the national security risks of the relevant activities, including, among others, (i) the risk of core data, important data or a large amount of personal information being stolen, leaked, destroyed, and illegally used or transferred outside the country; and (ii) the risk of critical information infrastructure, core data, important data or a large amount of personal information being affected, controlled, or maliciously used by foreign governments after listing abroad. CAC has said that under the proposed rules companies holding data on more than one million users must apply for cybersecurity approval when seeking listings in other nations because of the risk that such data and personal information could be “affected, controlled, and maliciously exploited by foreign governments.” The cybersecurity review will also investigate the potential national security risks from overseas IPOs.
On December 24, 2021, the CSRC, together with other relevant government authorities in China issued the Provisions of the State Council on the Administration of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (Draft for Comments), and the Measures for the Filing of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (Draft for Comments) (“Draft Overseas Listing Regulations”). The Draft Overseas Listing Regulations requires that a PRC domestic enterprise seeking to issue and list its shares overseas (“Overseas Issuance and Listing”) shall complete the filing procedures of and submit the relevant information to CSRC. The Overseas Issuance and Listing includes direct and indirect issuance and listing.
Where an enterprise whose principal business activities are conducted in PRC seeks to issue and list its shares in the name of an overseas enterprise (“Overseas Issuer”) on the basis of the equity, assets, income or other similar rights and interests of the relevant PRC domestic enterprise, such activities shall be deemed an indirect overseas issuance and listing (“Indirect Overseas Issuance and Listing”) under the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations.
On February 17, 2023, the CSRC promulgated the Trial Administrative Measures of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (the “Trial Administrative Measures”), which came into effect on March 31, 2023. Compared to the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations, the Trial Administrative Measures further clarified and emphasized that the comprehensive determination of the “indirect overseas offering and listing by PRC domestic companies” shall comply with the principle of “substance over form” and particularly, an issuer will be required to go through the filing procedures under the Trial Administrative Measures if the following criteria are met at the same time: a) 50% or more of the issuer’s operating revenue, total profits, total assets or net assets as documented in its audited consolidated financial statements for the most recent accounting year are accounted for by PRC domestic companies, and b) the main parts of the issuer’s business activities are conducted in Mainland China, or its main places of business are located in Mainland China, or the senior managers in charge of its business operation and management are mostly Chinese citizens or domiciled in Mainland China. On the same day, the CSRC held a press conference for the release of the Trial Administrative Measures and issued the Notice on Administration for the Filing of Overseas Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies, which, among others, provided the exemption from immediate filings for issuers that a) have been listed or have been registered but not yet listed in foreign securities markets, including U.S. markets, prior to the effective date of the Trial Administrative Measures, b) are not required to re-perform the regulatory procedures with the relevant overseas regulatory authority or the overseas stock exchange, and c) will complete the overseas securities offering and listing before September 30, 2023. Nonetheless, such issuers shall carry out the filing procedures as required if they subsequently conduct refinancing or are involved in other circumstances that require filings with the CSRC. Furthermore, the Trial Administrative Measures and its supporting guidelines provide a negative list of types of issuers banned from listing overseas, the issuers’ obligation to comply with national security measures and the personal data protection laws, and certain other matters such as the requirements that an issuer (i) file with the CSRC within three business days after it submits an application for initial public offering to the competent overseas regulator and (ii) file subsequent reports with the CSRC on material events, including change of control and voluntary or forced delisting, after its overseas offering and listing.
Although our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong may collect and store certain data (including certain personal information) from our customers, some of whom may be individuals in Mainland China, in connection with our business and operations for “Know Your Customers” purpose, we believe we and our Operating Subsidiaries will not be deemed to be an “operator of critical information infrastructure,” any “data processor” carrying out data processing activities, and we are not subject to cybersecurity review by the CAC for this Offering or required to obtain regulatory
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approval from the CAC nor any other PRC authorities for our and our subsidiaries’ operations Hong Kong, since (i) our Operating Subsidiaries are incorporated and operating in Hong Kong only without any subsidiary or VIE in Mainland China, and it is unclear whether the Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021) shall be applied to a Hong Kong company; (ii) as of date of this prospectus, our Operating Subsidiaries have in aggregate collected and stored the personal information of less than one thousand individuals in Mainland China only and we have acquired the customers’ separate consents for collecting and storing of their personal information and data; (iii) we do not place any reliance on collection and processing of any personal information to maintain our business operation; (iv) data processed in our business should not have a bearing on national security nor affect or may affect national security; (v) all of the data our Operating Subsidiaries have collected is stored in servers located in Hong Kong; and (vi) as of the date of this prospectus, neither we or our Operating Subsidiaries have been informed by any PRC governmental authority of being classified as “operator of critical information infrastructure” or “data processor” that is subject to CAC cybersecurity review or a CSRC review.
Furthermore, based on laws and regulations currently in effect in the PRC as of the date of this prospectus, we believe we are not required to obtain regulatory approval from the CSRC or go through the filing procedures under the Trial Administrative Measures before our Class A Ordinary Shares can be listed or offered in the U.S since neither we, nor our subsidiaries, are “PRC domestic companies” which are subject to the Trial Administrative Measure, because (i) we are headquartered in Hong Kong, with our officers and all members of the board of directors based in Hong Kong who are not Mainland China citizens; (ii) we do not, directly or indirectly, own or control any entity or subsidiary in Mainland China, nor is it controlled by any Mainland Chinese company or individual directly or indirectly; (iii) we only operate in Hong Kong, all of our revenues and profits are generated by our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong, none of our business activities are conducted in Mainland China, and we have not generated revenues or profits from Mainland China in the most recent accounting year accounts for more than 50% of the corresponding figure in our audited consolidated financial statements for the same period; (iv) we do not have or intend to set up any subsidiary or enter into any contractual arrangements to establish a VIE structure with any entity in Mainland China; (v) pursuant to the Basic Law of Hong Kong, or the Basic Law, PRC laws and regulations shall not be applied in Hong Kong except for those listed in Annex III of the Basic Law (which is confined to laws relating to national defense, foreign affairs and other matters that are not within the scope of autonomy).
However, given the uncertainties arising from the legal system in Mainland China and Hong Kong, including uncertainties regarding the interpretation and enforcement of the PRC laws and regulations and the significant authority of the PRC government to intervene or influence the offshore holding company headquartered in Hong Kong, there remains significant uncertainty in the interpretation and enforcement of the Trial Administrative Measures, PIPL, relevant Mainland China data privacy, cybersecurity laws and other regulations. It is highly uncertain how soon the legislative or administrative regulation-making bodies will respond and what existing or new laws or regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations will be modified or promulgated, if any. It is also highly uncertain what the potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on the daily business operations of our Operating Subsidiaries and the listing of our Class A Ordinary Shares on the U.S. or other foreign exchanges. As the Trial Administrative Measures are newly issued, there remains uncertainty as to how it will be interpreted or implemented. Therefore, we cannot assure you that when and whether we will be subject to such filing requirements, or will be able to get clearance from the CSRC in a timely manner, or at all, even though we believe that none of the situations that would clearly prohibit overseas listing and offering applies to us.
Although we are currently not required to obtain approvals from the PRC authorities to operate our business or list on the U.S. exchanges and offer securities, specifically, we are currently not required to obtain any permission or approval from the CSRC, the CAC or any other PRC governmental authority to operate our business or to list our securities on a U.S. securities exchange or issue securities to foreign investors, we cannot assure you that PRC regulatory agencies, including the CAC, would take the same view as we do, and there is no assurance that we can fully or timely comply with such laws. There remains uncertainty as to how the Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021) will be interpreted or implemented and the relevant PRC governmental authority may not take a view that is consistent with ours. Also, significant uncertainty exists in relation to the interpretation and enforcement of relevant PRC cybersecurity laws and regulations. If we were deemed to be an “operator of critical information infrastructure” or a “data processor” controlling personal information of no less than one million users under the Measures, or if other regulations promulgated in relation to the Measures are deemed to apply to us, our business operations and the listing of our Class A Ordinary Shares in the U.S. could be subject to cybersecurity review by the CAC, in the future. In the event that we are subject to any mandatory cybersecurity review and other specific actions required by the CAC, we
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face uncertainty as to whether any clearance or other required actions can be completed in a timely fashion or at all. Given such uncertainty, we may be further required to suspend our relevant business, shut down our website, or face other penalties which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Furthermore, if the Trial Administrative Measures, Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021), the PIPL, become applicable to us or our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong, our operation and the listing of our Class A Ordinary Shares in the United States could be subject to the CAC’s cybersecurity review or the CSRC Overseas Issuance and Listing review in the future. If the applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations change and our Operating Subsidiaries become subject to the CAC or CSRC review, we cannot assure you that our Operating Subsidiaries will be able to comply with the regulatory requirements in all respects and our current practice of collecting and processing personal information may be ordered to be rectified or terminated by regulatory authorities. Compliance with these laws and regulations could significantly increase the cost to us of providing our service offerings, require significant changes to our operations or even prevent us from providing certain service offerings in jurisdictions in which we currently operate or in which we may operate in the future. If there is a significant change to the current political arrangements between Mainland China and Hong Kong, or the applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations change, and/or if we were required to obtain such permissions or approvals in the future in connection with the listing or continued listing of our securities on a stock exchange outside of the PRC, it is uncertain how long it will take for us to obtain such approval, and, even if we obtain such approval, the approval could be rescinded. Any failure to obtain or a delay in obtaining the necessary permissions from the PRC authorities to conduct offerings or list outside of the PRC may subject us to sanctions imposed by the CSRC, CAC, or other PRC regulatory authorities. It could include fines and penalties, proceedings against us, and other forms of sanctions, and our ability to conduct our business, invest into the Mainland China as foreign investments or accept foreign investments, ability to offer or continue to offer Class A Ordinary Shares to investors or list on the U.S. or other overseas exchange may be restricted, and the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares may significantly decline or be worthless, our business, reputation, financial condition, and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected. The CSRC, the CAC, or other PRC regulatory agencies also may take actions requiring us, or making it advisable for us, to halt this Offering before settlement and delivery of our Class A Ordinary Shares. In addition, if the CSRC, the CAC, or other regulatory PRC agencies later promulgate new rules requiring that we obtain their approvals for this Offering, we may be unable to obtain a waiver of such approval requirements, if and when procedures are established to obtain such a waiver. Any uncertainties and/or negative publicity regarding such an approval requirement could have a material adverse effect on the trading price of our securities.
Compliance with Hong Kong’s Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance and any such other existing or future data privacy related laws, regulations and governmental orders may entail significant expenses and could materially affect our business.
Although we are not subject to cybersecurity review by the CAC nor any other PRC authorities for this Offering or required to obtain regulatory approval regarding the data privacy and personal information requirements from the CAC nor any other PRC authorities for ours and our Operating Subsidiaries’ operations in Hong Kong, we are subject to a variety of laws and other obligations regarding data privacy and protection in Hong Kong.
In particular, the Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance (Chapter 486 of the laws of Hong Kong) (“PDPO”) imposes a duty on any data user who, either alone or jointly with other persons, controls the collection, holding, processing or use of any personal data which relates directly or indirectly to a living individual and can be used to identify that individual. Under the PDPO, data users shall take all practicable steps to protect the personal data they hold from any unauthorized or accidental access, processing, erasure, loss, or use. Once collected, such personal data should not be kept longer than necessary for the fulfilment of the purpose for which it is or is to be used and shall be erased if it is no longer required, unless erasure is prohibited by law or is not in the public interest. The PDPO also confers on the Privacy Commissioner for Personal Data (“Privacy Commissioner”) power to conduct investigations and institute prosecutions. The data protection principles (collectively, the “DPP”), which are contained in Schedule 1 to the PDPO, outline how data users should collect, handle, and use personal data, complemented by other provisions imposing further compliance requirements. The collective objective of DPPs is to ensure that personal data is collected on a fully informed basis and in a fair manner, with due consideration towards minimizing the amount of personal data collected. Once collected, the personal data should be processed in a secure manner and should only be kept for as long as necessary for the fulfilment of the purposes of using the data. Use of the data should be limited to or related to the original collection purpose. Data subjects are given certain rights, inter alia: (a) the right to be informed by a
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data user whether the data user holds personal data of which the individual is the data subject; (b) if the data user holds such data, to be supplied with a copy of such data; and (c) the right to request correction of any data they consider to be inaccurate. The Commissioner may carry out criminal investigations and institute prosecution for certain offenses. Depending on the severity of the cases, the Privacy Commissioner will decide whether to prosecute or refer cases involving suspected commission to the Department of Justice of Hong Kong. Victims may also seek compensation by civil action from data users for damage caused by a contravention of the PDPO. The Commissioner may provide legal assistance to the aggrieved data subjects if the Commissioner deems fit to do so. See “Regulation” on page 106.
We believe that we have been in compliance with the data privacy and personal information requirements of the PDPO. Moreover, we do not expect to be subject to any cybersecurity review by Hong Kong and PRC government authorities for this Offering. However, if we or our Operating Subsidiaries conducting business operations in Hong Kong have violated certain provisions of the PDPO, we could face significant civil penalties and/or criminal prosecution, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
If the PRC government chooses to extend the oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in Mainland China-based issuers to Hong Kong-based issuers, such action may significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer Class A Ordinary Shares to investors and cause the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or become worthless.
Recent statements, laws and regulations by the PRC government, including the Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021), the PRC Personal Information Protection Law and the Trial Administrative Measures published by CSRC on February 17, 2023, which came into effect on March 31, 2023, also have indicated an intent to exert more oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investments in Mainland China-based issuers. It remains uncertain as to the enactment, interpretation and implementation of regulatory requirements related to overseas securities offering and other capital markets activities and due to the possibility that laws, regulations, or policies in the PRC could change rapidly in the future.
It remains uncertain whether the PRC government will adopt additional requirements or extend the existing requirements to apply to our Operating Subsidiaries located in Hong Kong. It is also uncertain whether the Hong Kong government will be mandated by the PRC government, despite the constitutional constraints of the Basic Law, to control over offerings conducted overseas and/or foreign investment of entities in Hong Kong, including our Operating Subsidiaries. Any actions by the PRC government to exert more oversight and control over offerings (including of businesses whose primary operations are in Hong Kong) that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investments in Hong Kong-based issuers could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer securities to investors. If there is a significant change to current political arrangements between Mainland China and Hong Kong, or the applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations change, and, in such event, if we are required to obtain such approvals in the future and we do not receive or maintain the approvals or is denied permission from Mainland China or Hong Kong authorities, we will not be able to list our Class A Ordinary Shares on a U.S. exchange, or continue to offer securities to investors, which would materially affect the interests of the investors and cause significant the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares significantly decline or be worthless.
The enactment of the law of the PRC on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (the “Hong Kong National Security Law”) could impact our Hong Kong subsidiaries, which represent substantially all of our business.
On June 30, 2020, the Standing Committee of the PRC National People’s Congress adopted the Hong Kong National Security Law. This law defines the duties and government bodies of the Hong Kong National Security Law for safeguarding national security and four categories of offenses — secession, subversion, terrorist activities, and collusion with a foreign country or external elements to endanger national security — and their corresponding penalties. On July 14, 2020, former U.S. President Donald Trump signed into law the Hong Kong Autonomy Act (“HKAA”), into law, authorizing the U.S. administration to impose blocking sanctions against individuals and entities determined to have materially contributed to the erosion of Hong Kong’s autonomy. On August 7, 2020, the U.S. government imposed HKAA-authorized sanctions on eleven individuals, including former and current Chief Executives of HKSAR, Carrie Lam and John Lee, respectively. On October 14, 2020, the U.S. State Department submitted to relevant committees of Congress the report required under HKAA, identifying persons materially contributing to “the failure of the Government of China to meet its obligations under the Joint Declaration or the Basic Law.” The HKAA further authorizes secondary sanctions, including the imposition of blocking sanctions, against foreign financial
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institutions that knowingly conduct a significant transaction with foreign persons sanctioned under this authority. The imposition of sanctions may directly affect foreign financial institutions and any third parties or clients dealing with any foreign financial institution that is targeted. It is difficult to predict the full impact of the Hong Kong National Security Law and HKAA on Hong Kong and companies located in Hong Kong. If our Hong Kong subsidiaries, which represent substantially all of our business, are determined to be in violation of the Hong Kong National Security Law or the HKAA by competent authorities, our business operations, financial position and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
The enforcement of laws and rules and regulations in PRC can change quickly with little advance notice. Additionally, the PRC laws and regulations and the enforcement of such that apply or are to be applied to Hong Kong can change quickly with little or no advance notice. As a result, the Hong Kong legal system embodies uncertainties which could limit the availability of legal protections, which could result in a material change in our Operating Subsidiaries’ operations and/or the value of the securities we are offering.
As one of the conditions for the handover of the sovereignty of Hong Kong to the PRC, the PRC accepted conditions such as Hong Kong’s Basic Law. According to Article 18 of the Basic Law, national laws of the PRC shall not be applied in Hong Kong, except for those listed in Annex III to the Basic Law, such as the laws relating to the national flag, national anthem, and diplomatic privileges and immunities. The Basic Law guaranteed a high degree of autonomy for Hong Kong which ensured Hong Kong will retain its currency (the Hong Kong Dollar), legal system, parliamentary system, and people’s rights and freedom for fifty years from 1997. This agreement has given Hong Kong the freedom to function with a high degree of autonomy. The Special Administrative Region of Hong Kong is responsible for its domestic affairs, including, but not limited to, the judiciary and courts of last resort, immigration, and customs, public finance, currencies, and extradition. Hong Kong continues using the English common law system. However, if there are any changes in relation to the political arrangements which allows Hong Kong to function autonomously, this could potentially impact Hong Kong’s common law legal system and may in turn bring about uncertainty in, for example, the enforcement of our contractual rights. This could, in turn, materially and adversely affect our Operating Subsidiaries’ business and operations. Accordingly, we cannot predict the effect of future developments in the Hong Kong legal system, including the promulgation of new laws, changes to existing laws or the interpretation or enforcement thereof, or the pre-emption of local regulations by national laws. These uncertainties could limit the legal protections available to us, including the ability to enforce agreements with our customers.
There are political risks associated with conducting business in Hong Kong.
All of our operations are in Hong Kong. During the period covered by the financial information incorporated by reference into and included in this prospectus, we derive all of our revenue from operations in Hong Kong. Accordingly, the business operations and financial conditions of our Operating Subsidiaries will be affected by the political and legal developments in Hong Kong. Any adverse economic, social and/or political conditions, material social unrest, strike, riot, civil disturbance or disobedience, as well as significant natural disasters, may affect the market and may adversely affect our operations. Given the relatively small geographical size of Hong Kong, any of such incidents may have a widespread effect on our business operations, which could in turn adversely and materially affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Hong Kong is a special administrative region of the PRC and the basic policies of the PRC regarding Hong Kong are reflected in the Basic Law, namely, Hong Kong’s constitutional document, which provides Hong Kong with a high degree of autonomy and executive, legislative and independent judicial powers, including that of final adjudication under the principle of “one country, two systems”. However, there is no assurance that there will not be any changes in the political arrangement between PRC and Hong Kong and the economic, political and legal environment in Hong Kong in the future. Since all of our operations are based in Hong Kong, any change of such political arrangements may pose an adverse impact to the stability of the economy in Hong Kong, thereby directly and adversely affecting our results of operations and financial positions.
Based on certain recent development including the Hong Kong National Security Law that was passed in June 2020, the U.S. State Department has indicated that the United States no longer considers Hong Kong to have significant autonomy from China and President Trump issued an executive order and signed into law the HKAA, to remove Hong Kong’s preferential trade status and to authorize the U.S. administration to impose blocking sanctions against individuals and entities who are determined to have materially contributed to the erosion of Hong Kong’s autonomy. The United States may impose the same tariffs and other trade restrictions on exports from Hong Kong that it places on
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goods from Mainland China. These and other recent actions may represent an escalation in political and trade tensions involving the U.S, Mainland China, and Hong Kong, which could potentially harm our business. It is difficult to predict the full impact of the HKAA on Hong Kong and companies with operations in Hong Kong like us. Furthermore, legislative or administrative actions in respect of China-U.S. relations could cause investor uncertainty for affected issuers, including us, and the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares could be adversely affected.
Because our business is conducted in Hong Kong dollars and the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares is quoted in United States dollars, changes in currency conversion rates may affect the value of your investments.
Since our business is conducted in Hong Kong, our books and records are maintained in Hong Kong dollars, which is the currency of Hong Kong, and the financial statements that we file with the SEC and provide to our shareholders are presented in United States dollars. Changes in the exchange rate between the Hong Kong dollar and U.S. dollar affect the value of our assets and the results of our operations in United States dollars. The value of the Hong Kong dollar against the United States dollar and other currencies may fluctuate and is affected by, among other things, changes in the Hong Kong’s political and economic conditions and perceived changes in the economy of Hong Kong and the United States. Any significant revaluation of the Hong Kong dollar may materially and adversely affect our cash flows, revenue and financial condition. Further, our Class A Ordinary Shares offered by this prospectus are denominated in United States dollars, we will need to convert the net proceeds we receive into Hong Kong dollar in order to use the funds for our business. Changes in the conversion rate between the United States dollar and the Hong Kong dollar will affect that amount of proceeds we will have available for our business.
Since 1983, Hong Kong dollars have been pegged to the U.S. dollars at the rate of approximately HK$7.80 to US$1.00. We cannot assure you that this policy will not be changed in the future. If the pegging system collapses and Hong Kong dollars suffer devaluation, the Hong Kong dollar cost of our expenditures denominated in foreign currency may increase. This would in turn adversely affect the operations and profitability of our business.
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
We operate in a dynamic industry and have a limited operating history. Our historical results of operations and financial performance may not be indicative of future performance.
As a company with a relatively limited operating history, our historical results may not be indicative of our future performance. We may not be successful in executing our growth strategy, and even if we achieve our strategic plan, we may not be able to sustain profitability. In future periods, our revenue could decline or grow more slowly than we expect. We may also incur significant losses in the future for a number of reasons, including as a result of the materialization of the following risks and the other risks described in this prospectus, and we may encounter unforeseen difficulties, complications, delays and other unknown factors:
• we may be unsuccessful in predicting and capturing industry trends and consumer preferences;
• we may be unable to introduce new services and products that appeal to consumers;
• we may be unsuccessful in protecting or enhancing the recognition and reputation of our brand;
• we may be unsuccessful in competing for market share with our existing or new competitors;
• the ability of our third-party suppliers to produce and deliver our products in a timely way and subject to ever changing customer expectations could be disrupted;
• we may fail to adjust our sales and marketing strategies fast enough to stay current with consumers’ behavioral changes in using internet and mobile devices;
• we may not be able to maintain and improve our customer experience;
• we may experience service interruptions, data corruption, cyber-based attacks or network security breaches which may result in the disruption of our operating systems;
• we may be unable to retain key members of our senior management team or attract and retain other qualified personnel;
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• we may fail to successfully implement new business initiatives, especially expansion into new offerings or new business lines in which we have limited or no prior experience, including sustaining continued expansion of our Operating Subsidiaries;
We cannot be sure that we will be successful in addressing these and other risks and challenges we may face in the future. Any of these occurrences could have a material and adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Our customer base may not continue to grow or may decline as a result of such risks. Any of these risks could cause our net sales growth to decline and may adversely affect our margins and profitability. Failure to continue our net sales growth or improve margins could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. You should not rely on our historical rate of net sales growth as an indication of our future performance.
Our failure to compete effectively could adversely affect our market share, revenues and growth prospects.
The TCM-inspired beauty and wellness industry in Hong Kong and its surrounding region in mainland China is subject to significant competition and pricing pressures. Competition in the industry is based on multiple factors, including the ability to launch new products and introduce new services, pricing of products, quality of products and services, brand awareness, perceived value and quality, innovation, offline sales capabilities, customers’ functional and emotional satisfaction, promotional activities, advertising, e-commerce initiatives and other activities. We will experience significant competitive pricing pressures as well as competitive products and services. Several significant competitors may offer products and services at the same or lower prices than ours. The market is highly sensitive to the introduction of new services and products, which may rapidly capture a significant share of the market. It is possible that one or more of our competitors could develop a significant research advantage over us that allows them to provide superior products that are more attractive to consumers, which could put us in a competitive disadvantage. Our competitors may also roll out services and products targeting younger generations at a competitive price or adopt a price-cutting strategy for their current products and services to directly compete with us. We cannot ensure that our existing customers will not allocate more market share to our competitor’s services and products or cease to purchase our products or use our services completely. Further, our competitors may attempt to gain market share by offering products at prices at or below the prices at which our products are typically offered. Competitive pricing may require us to reduce our prices, which would decrease our profitability or result in lost sales. Because many of our competitors have greater resources than we do, they may be able to better withstand these price reductions and loss of sales under a competitive pricing strategy. Continued pricing pressure or improvements in research and shifts in customer preference could adversely impact our customer base or pricing structure and have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial conditions, results of operations and cash flows.
It is difficult for us to predict the timing and scale of our competitors’ activities in these areas or whether new competitors will emerge in the TCM-inspired beauty and wellness industry. In addition, further technological breakthroughs, including new and enhanced technologies, new product offerings by competitors and the strength and success of our competitors’ marketing programs may impede our growth and the implementation of our business strategy. Our ability to compete also depends on the continued strength of our brand, services, and products, our ability to predict and capture industry trends and consumer preferences, the success of our marketing, innovation and execution strategies, the continued diversification of our product offerings, the successful management of new product introductions and innovations, strong operational execution, including in order fulfillment and supply chain management, and our success in entering new markets and expanding our business in existing geographies. If we are unable to continue to compete effectively, we may lose our market share and our business, results of operations and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected.
If we are unable to provide superior customer experiences, our business and reputation may be materially and adversely affected.
The success of our business depends on our ability to provide superior customer experience, which in turn depends on a variety of factors, including but not limited to:
• Providing personalized services and solutions tailored to customers’ needs and emphasizing TCM’s holistic approach;
• Ensuring all technicians are highly trained, licensed, and experienced;
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• Ensuring the use of only high-quality, authentic products that are sourced from reputable suppliers and meet safety standards;
• Providing exceptional customer service by training all technicians and staff to be attentive, friendly, and knowledgeable; and
• Actively seeking customer feedback to identify areas for improvement and using the feedback to continuously refine and improve services, ensuring that customer preferences and expectations are consistently met or exceeded.
However, if our technicians or staff fail to provide satisfactory service, or the therapies do not deliver the promised results as expected by the customers, or if customers experience difficulty in booking appointments, long wait times, or if appointments are frequently rescheduled or canceled, our brand and customer loyalty may be adversely affected.
Besides, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to maintain a low turnover rate of existing employees and provide sufficient training to new employees to meet our standards of customer service or that an influx of less experienced personnel will not dilute the quality of our customer service. In addition, any negative publicity or poor feedback regarding our customer service may harm our brand and reputation and in turn cause us to lose customers and market share.
Our business depends, in part, on the quality of our service and products and our ability to meet customers’ expected outcomes.
Our success is heavily dependent on the quality of our products and services and our ability to meet or exceed customer expectations. If we fail to consistently deliver products and services that achieve the desired results for our customers, our reputation could suffer, leading to decreased customer satisfaction, loss of repeat business, and potential negative reviews. This, in turn, could adversely affect our ability to attract new customers and maintain long-term business relationships, ultimately impacting our revenue and profitability. In addition, any loss of confidence on the part of consumers in the quality, of the products and our services, or the ingredients used in our products, whether related to product contamination or product safety or quality failures, actual or perceived, or inclusion of prohibited or restricted ingredients or an improper mixture of ingredients, could tarnish the image of our brand and could cause consumers to choose other products. Allegations of contamination or other adverse effects on product safety or suitability for use by a particular consumer, even if untrue, may require us to expend significant time and resources responding to such allegations and could, from time to time, result in the suspension of sales or a recall of a product from any or all of the markets in which the affected product was distributed. Any such issues or recalls could negatively affect our profitability and brand image.
If our products are found to be, or perceived to be, defective or unsafe, or if they otherwise fail to meet our consumers’ expectations, our relationships with consumers could suffer, the appeal of our brand could be diminished, we may need to recall some of our products and/or become subject to regulatory action, and we could lose sales or market share or become subject to boycotts or liability claims. In addition, safety or other defects in our competitors’ products could reduce consumer demand for our products if consumers view them to be similar. Any of these outcomes could result in a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Any catastrophe, including natural catastrophes, epidemics and other outbreaks and extraordinary events, could disrupt our business operation.
In addition to the impact of COVID-19, our business could be materially and adversely affected by natural disasters, other epidemics or other public safety concerns affecting Hong Kong. Natural disasters may give rise to server interruptions, breakdowns, system failures, technology platform failures, internet failures or otherwise operation interruptions of ours and our manufacturers, suppliers and service providers, which could cause the loss or corruption of data or malfunctions of software or hardware as well as adversely affect the ability of ours and our manufacturers, suppliers and service providers to conduct the daily operations and to manufacture and deliver our products. Our business could also be adversely affected if employees of ours or our manufacturers, suppliers and service providers are affected by epidemics.
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There are significant risks associated with contracting with third-party suppliers.
We sell a significant number of products that are manufactured by third-party suppliers over which we have no direct control. We cannot guarantee that no contaminations, defects, or other safety issues will happen with respect to the raw materials, components, and ingredients or during the manufacturing process. While we have implemented processes and procedures to try to ensure that the suppliers we use are complying with all applicable regulations, there can be no assurances that they are or will be effective in preventing all defects or safety issues or otherwise maintaining full compliance of our products with product safety related laws, regulations and standards. We cannot guarantee that our third-party suppliers in all instances will comply with such processes and procedures or otherwise with applicable regulations. Noncompliance could result in our marketing and distribution of contaminated or dangerous products which would subject us to product liability risk and could result in the imposition by government authorities of penalties. Any or all of these effects could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operation.
The relative lack of stringent laws and regulations in Hong Kong’s wellness and beauty services sector, particularly in the TCM-inspired wellness and beauty industry, poses a risk of inconsistent service quality. Any failure to maintain high standards of quality and safety could also adversely affect our reputation, customer trust, and overall business performance. In addition, to the extent any new regulatory measures are required to be implemented, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected, potentially materially decreasing the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares and rendering them worthless.
The beauty and wellness industry, particularly the TCM-inspired beauty and wellness industry, lacks universally accepted regulatory frameworks governing qualifications and practices in Hong Kong. Industry standards such as “Specification of Competency Standards for the Beauty Industry in Hong Kong,” which outline the skills, knowledge, and competencies required for beauty industry professionals, were established to standardize professional qualifications and ensure high-quality services and safety standards. While adherence to these standards is highly recommended to maintain industry credibility and consumer trust, it is voluntary rather than mandatory As a result, the industry is largely self-regulated, with qualifications and service practices varying widely across providers. Even though we have implemented rigorous internal quality control measures, the absence of external regulatory oversight increases the risk of inconsistencies in service delivery. Should new regulatory measures be introduced and implemented, and we are unable to comply with the new regulations in a timely manner, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected, potentially materially decreasing the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares, and rendering them worthless. Any failure to maintain high standards of quality and safety could also adversely affect our reputation, customer trust, and overall business performance.
Our employees or business partners or other parties with whom we maintain business relationships may engage in misconduct or other improper activities, which may disrupt our business, hurt our reputation and results of operations.
Our employees or business partners, including third-party suppliers, may be subject to regulatory penalties or punishments or other legal proceedings because of their wrongdoings or regulatory compliance failures, which may disrupt our business. For example, we currently rely on third-party manufacturers to produce our products. Although we usually require our third-party manufacturers to provide compliance representations and covenants, we cannot assure that they will not engage in any incompliant practices such as environmental or product safety requirement violations. If they engage in any noncompliance or face regulatory sanctions or operation suspensions, our business may as a result be disrupted and our reputation may be harmed.
We are exposed to the risk of fraud or other misconduct by our employees or third parties partners with whom we have business arrangements. Misconduct by employees or third-party partners could include inadvertent or intentional failures to comply with the laws and regulations to which we are subject or with our policies, provide accurate information to regulatory authorities, comply with ethical, social, product, labor and environmental standards, comply with fraud and abuse laws and regulations, report financial information or data accurately, or disclose unauthorized activities to us. We have no control over the off-work time and behaviors of our employees and the operations of our third-party partners. Any legal liabilities of, or regulatory actions against, our employees, especially key employees, or business partners may affect our business activities and reputation and, in turn, our results of operations.
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We may from time to time become a party to litigation, legal disputes, claims or administrative proceedings that may materially and adversely affect us.
We may from time to time become a party to various litigation, legal disputes, claims or administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business. The outcome of any litigation, legal disputes, claims or administrative proceedings is hard to predict. If any verdict or award is rendered against us or if we decide to settle the disputes, we may be required to incur monetary damages or other liabilities. Even if we can successfully defend ourselves, we may have to incur substantial costs and spend substantial time and effort in these lawsuits. Negative publicity relating to such litigation, legal disputes, claims or administrative proceedings may damage our reputation and adversely affect the image of our brand and services. Furthermore, any litigation, legal disputes, claims or administrative proceedings which are not of material importance may escalate due to the various factors involved, such as the facts and circumstances of the cases, the likelihood of winning or losing, the monetary amount at stake, and the parties concerned continue to evolve in the future, and such factors may result in these cases becoming of material importance to us. Consequently, any ongoing or future litigation, legal disputes, claims or administrative proceedings could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The continued and collaborative efforts of our senior management and key employees are crucial to our success, and our business may be harmed if we lose their services.
Our success is, to a certain extent, attributable to the management and sales and marketing, as well as the continued and collaborative efforts of our senior management and key employees. If our senior management cannot work together effectively or efficiently, our business may be severely disrupted. If, however, one or more of our executives or other key personnel are unable or unwilling to continue to provide services to us, we may not be able to find suitable replacements easily or at all. Competition for management and key personnel is intense in the TCM-inspired beauty and wellness industry and the pool of qualified candidates is limited. We may not be able to retain the services of our executives or key personnel, or attract and retain experienced executives or key personnel in the future. If any of our executive officers or employees joins a competitor or forms a competing business, they may divulge business secrets, know-how, customer lists and other valuable resources. Our senior management and key employees have entered into employment agreements which include confidentiality terms with us. However, if any dispute arises between any of them and us, we may have to incur substantial costs and expenses in order to enforce such agreements or we may be unable to enforce such agreements at all. Any failure to attract or retain key management and personnel could severely disrupt our business and growth.
Our future success will also depend on our ability to attract and retain highly skilled technical, managerial, finance, marketing, sales and customer service employees. Qualified individuals are in high demand and competition for talent could cause us to offer higher compensation and other benefits to attract and retain them. Even if we were to offer higher compensation, we may not be able to successfully attract, assimilate or retain the personnel we need to succeed.
If the Operating Subsidiaries fail to obtain and maintain the requisite licenses, permits, registrations and filings applicable to the business, or fail to obtain additional licenses, permits, registrations or filings that become necessary as a result of new enactment or promulgation of government policies, laws or regulations or the expansion of our business, the business and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.
As of the date of this prospectus, our Operating Subsidiaries have obtained and maintained valid business licenses and permits, among other things, necessary for our operations and the provision of services and the sale of products. However, as a fast-growing company with a limited operating history that is continuously exploring other approaches to conduct sales and marketing cost-effectively and capture points of growth, we may not be able to obtain in time all the additional licenses, registrations and filings that are advisable to obtain for certain aspects of our operations. Failure to obtain such additional licenses, permits, registrations, or filings that could later become necessary to obtain as a result of new enactment or promulgation of government policies, laws, or regulations, which may subject us to warnings, orders of correction, pecuniary penalties or other administrative proceedings from relevant governmental authorities, could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations. As of the date of this prospectus, we have not received any notice of warning nor have we been subject to any administrative penalties or other disciplinary actions from the relevant governmental authorities for lack of licenses, permits, registrations, or filings. However, we cannot assure you that we will not be subject to any administrative action that may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
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In addition, certain licenses, permits, or registrations we hold are subject to periodic renewal. If we fail to maintain or renew one or more of our licenses and certificates when their current term expires or obtain such renewals in a timely manner, our operations could be disrupted.
Further, due to uncertainties of interpretation and implementation of existing laws and the adoption of additional laws and regulations, the licenses, permits, registrations or filings we held may be deemed insufficient by relevant regulatory authorities, which may restrain our ability to expand our business scope and may subject us to fines or other regulatory actions. Furthermore, as we develop and expand our business scope, we may need to obtain additional permits and licenses and we cannot assure that we will be able to obtain such permits on time or at all.
If we are unable to protect our intellectual property, the value of our brands and other intangible assets may be diminished, and our business may be adversely affected.
We rely on a combination of trademark, trade secret, and other laws protecting proprietary rights, nondisclosure and confidentiality agreements and other practices, to protect our brand and proprietary information, know-how, technologies and processes. Our intellectual property are valuable assets that support our brand and consumers’ perception of our products. Third parties may oppose our trademark or patent applications domestically or abroad, or otherwise challenge our use of intellectual properties. In the event that our trademarks or other intellectual properties are successfully challenged, we could be forced to rebrand our products or refrain from using certain designs, which could result in the loss of brand recognition, impair the attractiveness of our products and could require us to devote resources to advertising and marketing new brands and product designs.
Despite our efforts to protect our intellectual property rights and proprietary information, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or otherwise obtain and use our intellectual properties or know-how. Monitoring for infringement or other unauthorized use of our intellectual property rights and know-how is difficult and costly, and such monitoring may not be effective. From time to time, we may have to resort to courts or administrative proceedings to enforce our intellectual property rights, which may result in substantial costs and the diversion of resources.
We collect, store, process and use a variety of customer data and information for analysis of the changing consumer preferences and industry trends, which subjects us to laws and regulations related to privacy, information security and data protection. Any failure to comply with these laws and regulations could materially and adversely harm our business.
We collect, store, process and use a variety of customer data and information for analysis of the changing consumer preferences and beauty trends to guide our product development and to improve our products and customer experience and to predict and react to industry trends and consumers’ preferences and behavior effectively and efficiently. The confidentiality, access, collection, use and disclosure of customers’ data are highly regulated in Hong Kong. The government authorities have enacted laws and regulations relating to the protection of privacy, personal information and data, under which we are required to clearly indicate the purposes, methods and scope of any information collection and usage, to obtain appropriate customer consent and to establish customer information protection systems with appropriate remedial measures. While we strive to comply with such laws and regulations, as well as our privacy policies and other obligations we may have with respect to privacy and data protection, some of our data collection activities may be deemed beyond the scope of or without the consent of our customers. Any failure or perceived failure to comply with laws, regulations or policies related to privacy, information security and data protection may result in inquiries and other proceedings or actions against us by government authorities or others, as well as negative publicity and damage to our reputation and brand, each of which could cause us to lose customers. In addition, as data protection and privacy issues draw more and more attention from society, we may also become subject to new laws and regulations, or newly adopted interpretations and applications of existing privacy and data protection laws or regulations, which are often uncertain and in flux and could further restrict collection and usage of customer data, or otherwise inconsistent with our practice. Any additional enactment or promulgation of this type of law or regulation may, among other things, require us to implement new security measures or bring within the legislation or promulgation other personal data not currently regulated. Compliance with any additional laws could be expensive, may place restrictions on our data collection and processing practice, the conduct of our business and how we interact with our customers.
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Any data breach or security incident may lead to leaks and/or unauthorized access, disclosure, or use of personal data we collect, which may hurt our reputation and brand image, disrupt our operations, as well as materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
We collect, store, and analyze customer and operations data, some of which are sensitive personal data. As such, any data breach or security incident could expose us to the risk of unintentional leaks and/or unauthorized access, disclosure, or use of these personal data, which may hurt our reputation and brand image, disrupt our operations, as well as materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. We could face government enforcement, significant fines, litigation settlements or judgments, and declining share prices, if we were to be found liable for data breaches. Our data is encrypted and saved on cloud-based servers, segregated from the internet, protected by access control, and further backed up in long-distance servers, so as to minimize the possibility of data loss or breach. As of the date of this prospectus, we have not experienced any material security breaches.
Despite the security measures we have implemented, we may experience cyber-attacks of varying degrees, including attempts to hack into our cloud or our intranet and steal customer and business information or obtain economic benefits from us. Our security measures may also be breached due to employee error, malfeasance, or otherwise. Additionally, outside parties may attempt to fraudulently induce our employees to disclose sensitive information in order to gain access to our data, or may otherwise obtain access to such data. Any such breach or unauthorized access could result in significant legal and financial exposure, damage to our reputation and a loss of confidence in the security of our information system that could deter our customers from engaging with us, and have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations. Because the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, disable or degrade service or sabotage systems change frequently and often are not recognized until launched against a target, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate preventative measures. If an actual or perceived breach of our security occurs, our customers’ and business partners’ perception of the effectiveness of our security measures could be harmed, we could lose customers and business partners, may not be able to maintain the level of engagement with customers and business partners and we may be exposed to significant legal and financial risks, including legal claims and regulatory fines and penalties. Any of these actions could have a material and adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
An economic downturn may adversely affect consumer discretionary spending and demand for our products and services.
Our products and services may be considered discretionary purchases for consumers. Factors affecting the level of consumer spending for such discretionary items include general economic conditions and other factors, such as consumer confidence in future economic conditions, consumer sentiment, the availability and cost of consumer credit, levels of unemployment, and tax rates. Unfavorable economic conditions may lead consumers to delay or reduce purchases of our products and consumer demand for our products may not grow as we expect. Our sensitivity to economic cycles and any related fluctuation in consumer demand for our products and services may have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
Our business expansion into other countries will require a substantial investment and commitment of resources, that is subject to risks and uncertainties.
We plan to increase our international market share by entering new geographic regions or countries. A successful business expansion is dependent not only on our ability to manage the financial and operational aspects of our existing stores, but more importantly, our expansion strategies, including thorough market research to understand local demand, consumer behavior, and the competitive landscape. We must also navigate regulatory and legal compliance, adapt to cultural differences, and establish efficient supply chains and logistics. Besides, brand recognition, talent acquisition, and strategic partnerships are crucial for a successful business expansion. We cannot guarantee that our business expansion into other regions or countries will be successful. These risks and uncertainties associated with new markets may result in financial losses, hinder the company’s ability to sustain operations in new markets, and ultimately affect the overall success of the expansion strategy, and our total revenue and profitability.
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Our business is subject to complex and evolving product safety laws, regulations and standards. If we fail to comply with these laws, regulations and safety standards or if our products otherwise have defects, we may be required to recall products and may face penalties and product liability claims, either of which could result in unexpected costs and damage our reputation.
The production and sale of beauty products and their components, ingredients and raw materials are subject to product safety laws, regulations and national and industrial standards. All our therapies and products undergo strict quality control, including training service providers and selecting third-party product suppliers to ensure safety and efficacy. In addition, we closely monitor the development of laws, regulations and standards applicable to our business. However, some of these laws, regulations, and standards are relatively new and because their interpretation and implementation are evolving, we cannot assure you that the competent authorities will always hold the same view as our counsel does in terms of the compliance of our business operations. Any failure or perceived failure to comply with laws, regulations or standards with respect to product safety, or any sale suspension or product recall may lead to government investigations of us, penalties and lawsuits against us which may result in adverse publicity. Furthermore, we may experience significant costs in connection with the suspension of sales or recall, litigation, investigations or penalties which could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our failure to appropriately respond to changing consumer preferences and demand for new products could significantly harm our customer relationships and product sales.
Our business is particularly subject to changing consumer trends and preferences. Our continued success depends in part on our ability to anticipate and respond to these changes, and we may not be able to respond in a timely or commercially appropriate manner to these changes. If we are unable to do so, our customer relationships and product sales could be harmed significantly.
Furthermore, the TCM-inspired beauty and wellness industry is characterized by rapid and frequent changes in demand, consumer preference, and new product introductions. Our failure to accurately predict or follow these trends could negatively impact consumer opinion of our brand, our customer relationships and cause losses to our market share. The success of our new product offerings depends upon a number of factors, including our ability to: accurately anticipate customer needs; innovate and develop new products; successfully commercialize new products in a timely manner; price our products competitively; manufacture and deliver our products in sufficient volumes and in a timely manner; and differentiate our product offerings from those our competitors.
If we do not introduce new products or make enhancements to meet the changing needs of our customers in a timely manner, some of our products could become obsolete, which could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and operating results.
If our products do not have the effects intended or cause undesirable side effects, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects could be harmed significantly.
Although many of the ingredients in our current products for which there is a long history of human consumption and we believe that all of these products and the combinations of these ingredients are safe when taken as directed, the products could have certain undesirable side effects if not taken as directed or if taken by a consumer who has certain medical conditions. In addition, these products may not have the effect intended if they are not taken in accordance with instructions, which may include dietary restrictions. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that any of these products, even when used as directed, will have the effects intended or will not have harmful side effects in an unforeseen way or on an unforeseen cohort. If any of our current products or products we develop in the future are later shown to be harmful or generate negative publicity from perceived harmful effects, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects could be harmed significantly.
Our business is subject to inherent risks relating to product liability and personal injury claims.
As a provider of TCM-inspired beauty and wellness therapies and products, we are subject to product liability claims if the use of our products is alleged to have resulted in injury. For instance, adverse reactions resulting from human consumption of the ingredients contained in our products could occur. We may also be obligated to recall affected products. If we are found liable for product liability claims, we could be required to pay substantial monetary damages. Furthermore, even if we successfully defend ourselves against this type of claim, we could be required to spend significant management, financial and other resources, which could disrupt our business, and our reputation as well
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as our brand name may also suffer. We do not carry product liability insurance. As a result, any imposition of product liability could materially harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, we do not have any business interruption insurance due to the limited coverage of any available business interruption insurance in Hong Kong, and as a result, any business disruption or natural disaster could severely disrupt our business and operations and significantly decrease our revenue and profitability.
Our auditor has expressed substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern based upon our working capital deficits as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024.
Our audited financial statements for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 contain an explanatory paragraph regarding substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern based upon our working capital deficits as of March 31, 2024 and 2023. As described in our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the six months ended September 30, 2024, the substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern continued to exist as of September 30, 2024 and the date of this prospectus. The Company had a working capital deficit of US$2,281,970 and US$2,212,261 as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024. These circumstances gave rise to substantial doubt that the Company would continue as a going concern subsequent to September 30, 2024. The Company had US$2,692,056 cash and cash equivalents as of September 30, 2024.
We intend to meet the cash requirements for the next 12 months from the issuance date of the consolidated financial statements through operations and financial support from our Controlling Shareholder, financial institutions, and investors. Currently, we are obtaining additional financing and negotiating the terms of the existing short-term liabilities. In addition, our Controlling Shareholder, Ms. Kit Wong, has made pledges to provide continuous financial support to the Company for at least the next 12 months from the issuance of the Company’s unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements. On the other hand, we are continuously working to improve operational efficiency, reduce costs, and enhance overall efficiency. We have achieved a net income of US$468,817 for the six months ended September 30, 2024, which shows an improvement in our profitability when comparing to the net income of US$377,651 for the six months ended September 30, 2023. Therefore, we consider we are able to continue as a going concern to meet our liquidity needs for the next 12 months. As such, we believe our ability to continue as a going concern is not contingent upon obtaining funding from sales of our stock securities in this Offering. Despite our efforts to obtain additional funding and reduce operating costs, there is no assurance that our plans and actions will be successful. Therefore, there is a substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, and that it may be unable to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. Our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and liquidation of liabilities during the normal course of operations.
This going concern opinion could materially limit our ability to raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or debt securities or otherwise. We cannot be certain that additional funding will be available to us on acceptable terms, if at all. If we become unable to continue as a going concern, we may have to liquidate our assets, and the value we receive for our assets in liquidation or dissolution could be significantly lower than the values reflected in our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements. Our potential inability to continue as a going concern may materially and adversely affect the price of our shares and our ability to raise new capital or to continue our operations. See “Notes to the Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices — Going Concern” on page F-21.
We may not effectively manage our growth, which could materially harm our business.
We expect that our business will continue to grow, which may place a significant strain on our management, personnel, systems and resources. We must continue to improve our operational and financial systems and managerial controls and procedures, and we will need to continue to expand, train and manage our technology and workforce. We must also maintain close coordination among our compliance, accounting finance, marketing and sales organizations. We cannot assure you that we will manage our growth effectively. If we fail to do so, our business could be materially harmed.
Our continued growth will require an increased investment by us in technology, facilities, personnel and financial and management systems and controls. It also will require expansion of our procedures for monitoring and assuring our compliance with applicable regulations, and we will need to integrate, train and manage a growing employee base. The expansion of our existing businesses, any expansion into new businesses and the resulting growth of our employee base will increase our need for internal audit and monitoring processes that are more extensive and broader in scope than those we have historically acquired. We may not be successful in identifying or implementing all of the processes that are necessary. Furthermore, unless our growth results in an increase in our revenues that is proportionate to the increase in our costs associated with this growth, our operating margins and profitability will be adversely affected.
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Our performance depends on key management as well as skilled and qualified TCM practitioners, technicians and support staff generally, and any failure to attract, motivate and retain such TCM practitioners, technicians and support staff could hinder our ability to maintain and grow our business.
Our future success is significantly dependent upon the continued service of our management and key personnel, including skilled and qualified TCM practitioners, technicians, and support staff. If we lose the services of any member of management or key personnel, we may not be able to locate suitable or qualified replacements, and may incur additional expenses to recruit and train new staff, which could disrupt our business and growth, thereby materially and adversely affecting our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Moreover, if any of our senior management or other key personnel joins or establishes a competing business, we may lose some of our customers, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.
We rely on the services performed by our skilled and qualified TCM practitioners, technicians, and support staff to provide the comprehensive range of services we offer through our wellness centers, and we face intense competition from other TCM wellness service providers to recruit skilled and qualified TCM practitioners, technicians, and support staff. We will need to continue to attract and retain experienced and capable personnel at all levels, including qualified TCM practitioners and technicians, as we expand our business and operations. Competition for talent in the Hong Kong TCM wellness industry is intense, and the availability of suitable and qualified candidates in Hong Kong is limited. Competition for these individuals could cause us to offer higher compensation and other benefits to attract and retain them. In addition, even if we were to offer higher compensation and other benefits, there can be no assurance that these individuals would choose to join or continue working for us.
Our Chief Executive Officer, Kit Wong, also holds certain management positions and directorships of other companies and may allocate her time to such other businesses, thereby causing conflicts of interest in her determination as to how much time to devote to the business affairs of our Company. This could have a negative impact on our ability to implement our plan of operation.
Our Chief Executive Officer, Kit Wong, is concurrently serving on the board and management team of two other companies, for which she may be entitled to substantial compensation, which may result in a conflict of interest in allocating her time between our operations and her other businesses. Pursuant to her employment agreement, she is employed with the Company on a full-time basis, but shall be permitted to participate in certain limited business activities. Subject to our Board’s prior approval, Ms. Wong may serve as an officer, stakeholder, or member of the board of directors or advisory board (or the equivalent in the case of a non-corporate entity) of non-competing for-profit businesses and charitable organizations, provided, however, that such activities do not materially interfere, individually or in the aggregate, with the performance of her duties and responsibilities to the Company. The exiting external commitments and any future commitments of our executive officer to other companies may potentially divert her significant time and attention away from the strategic and operational needs of our company. Her divided focus could lead to delays in decision-making, hinder effective communication within our organization, give rise to potential conflicts of interest, and introduce a divergence in priorities, consequently impacting the overall efficacy of leadership. Additionally, the potential for conflicting interests arising from commitments to multiple entities may pose challenges in aligning the officer’s priorities with the long-term goals and interests of our company, thereby introducing an element of uncertainty and potential disruption to our operations. We do not believe that any such potential conflicts would materially affect our ability to conduct our operations. It is essential to acknowledge and address these complexities to ensure that our executive officers can effectively balance their responsibilities and fulfill their commitments to our company while maintaining transparency and integrity in their various roles. Failure to do so may adversely affect our business, financial conditions, and results of operations.
Risks Related to Our Corporate Structure
We rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have. In the future, funds may not be available to fund operations or for other uses outside of Hong Kong, due to interventions in, or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on, our ability or our subsidiary by the PRC government to transfer cash. Any limitation on the ability of our subsidiaries to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business and might materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares or cause them to be worthless.
Charming Medical is a holding company incorporated in the BVI, and we rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our subsidiaries for our cash and financing requirements, including the funds necessary to pay dividends and other cash distributions to our shareholders and service any debt we may incur.
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We do not expect to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. If any of our subsidiaries incurs debt on its own behalf in the future, the instruments governing the debt may restrict its ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us.
Under the current practice of the Inland Revenue Department of Hong Kong, no tax is payable in Hong Kong in respect of dividends paid by us. There are no restrictions or limitations under the laws of Hong Kong imposed on the conversion of Hong Kong dollar into foreign currencies and the remittance of currencies out of Hong Kong, nor is there any restriction on any foreign exchange to transfer cash between Charming Medical and its subsidiaries, across borders and to U.S. investors, nor there is any restrictions and limitations to distribute earnings from the subsidiaries, to Charming Medical and U.S. investors and amounts owed.
Currently, the PRC law and regulations and foreign currency control in Mainland China do not currently have any material impact on the transfer of cash between Charming Medical and our Operating Subsidiaries, or vice versa. However, the PRC government may, in the future, impose restrictions or limitations on our ability to transfer money out of Hong Kong, to distribute earnings and pay dividends to and from the other entities within our organization, or to reinvest in our business outside of Hong Kong. Such restrictions and limitations, if imposed in the future, may delay or hinder the expansion of our business to outside of Hong Kong and may affect our ability to receive funds from our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong. The promulgation of new laws or regulations, or the new interpretation of existing laws and regulations, in each case, that restrict or otherwise unfavorably impact the ability or way we conduct our business, could require us to change certain aspects of our business to ensure compliance, which could decrease demand for our services, reduce revenues, increase costs, require us to obtain more licenses, permits, approvals or certificates, or subject us to additional liabilities. To the extent any new or more stringent measures are required to be implemented, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected and such measured could materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares, potentially rendering them worthless. Further, any limitation on the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other distributions to us could materially and adversely limit our ability to grow, make investments or acquisitions that could be beneficial to our business, pay dividends, or otherwise fund and conduct our business.
The laws of BVI provide limited protections for minority shareholders, so minority shareholders will not have the same options as to recourse in comparison to the U.S. if the shareholders are dissatisfied with the conduct of our affairs.
Under the laws of the BVI, the rights of minority shareholders are protected by provisions of the BVI Act dealing with shareholder remedies and other remedies available under common law (in tort or contractual remedies). The principal protection under statutory law is that shareholders may bring an action to enforce the constitutional documents of the company (i.e. the memorandum and articles of association) as shareholders are entitled to have the affairs of the company conducted in accordance with the BVI Act and the memorandum and articles of association of the company. A shareholder may also bring an action under statute if he feels that the affairs of the company have been or will be carried out in a manner that is unfairly prejudicial or discriminating or oppressive to him. The BVI Act also provides for certain other protections for minority shareholders, including in respect of investigation of the company and inspection of the company books and records. There are also common law rights for the protection of shareholders that may be invoked, largely dependent on English common law, since the common law of the BVI for business companies is limited.
As the rights of shareholders under BVI law differ from those under U.S. law, you may have fewer protections as a shareholder.
Our corporate affairs are governed by our post-offering memorandum and articles of association, the BVI Act and the common law of the BVI. The rights of shareholders to take action against the directors, actions by minority shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors to us under BVI law are governed by the BVI Act and the common law of the BVI. The common law of the BVI is derived in part from comparatively limited judicial precedent in the BVI as well as from the common law of England and the wider Commonwealth, which has persuasive, but not binding, authority on a court in the BVI. The rights of our shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors under BVI law may not be as clearly established as they would be under statutes or judicial precedent in some jurisdictions in the United States. In particular, the BVI has a less developed body of securities laws as compared to the United States, and some states, such as Delaware, have more fully developed and judicially interpreted bodies of corporate law.
Shareholders of BVI business companies may not have standing to initiate a shareholder derivative action in a federal court of the United States. Shareholders of a BVI company could, however, bring a derivative action in the BVI courts, and there is a clear statutory right to commence such derivative claims under Section 184C of the BVI Act. The circumstances
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in which any such action may be brought, and the procedures and defenses that may be available in respect to any such action, may result in the rights of shareholders of a BVI business company being more limited than those of shareholders of a company organized in the United States. Accordingly, shareholders may have fewer alternatives available to them if they believe that corporate wrongdoing has occurred. The BVI courts are also unlikely to recognize or enforce against us judgments of courts in the United States based on certain liability provisions of U.S. securities law; and to impose liabilities against us, in original actions brought in the BVI, based on certain liability provisions of U.S. securities laws that are penal in nature. There is no statutory recognition in the BVI of judgments obtained in the United States, although the courts of the BVI will generally recognize and enforce the non-penal judgment of a foreign court of competent jurisdiction without retrial on the merits. The BVI Act offers some limited protection of minority shareholders. The principal protection under statutory law is that shareholders may apply to the BVI court for an order directing the company or its director(s) to comply with, or restraining the company or a director from engaging in conduct that contravenes, the BVI Act. Under the BVI Act, the minority shareholders have a statutory right to bring a derivative action in the name of and on behalf of the company in circumstances where a company has a cause of action against its directors. This remedy is available at the discretion of the BVI court. A shareholder may also bring an action against the company for breach of duty owed to him as a shareholder. A shareholder who considers that the affairs of the company have been, are being or likely to be, conducted in a manner that is, or any act or acts of the company have been, or are, likely to be oppressive, unfairly discriminatory, or unfairly prejudicial to him in that capacity, may apply to the BVI court for an order to remedy the situation.
There are common law rights for the protection of shareholders that may be invoked, largely dependent on English common law. Under the general rule pursuant to English common law known as the rule in Foss v. Harbottle, a court will generally refuse to interfere with the management of a company at the insistence of a minority of its shareholders who express dissatisfaction with the conduct of the company’s affairs by the majority or the Board of Directors. However, every shareholder is entitled to have the affairs of the company conducted properly according to BVI law and the constituent documents of the company. As such, if those who control the company have persistently disregarded the requirements of company law, then the courts may grant relief. Generally, the areas in which the courts will intervene are the following: (1) an act complained of which is outside the scope of the authorized business or is illegal or not capable of ratification by the majority; (2) acts that constitute fraud on the minority where the wrongdoers control the company; (3) acts that infringe or are about to infringe on the personal rights of the shareholders, such as the right to vote; and (4) where the company has not complied with provisions requiring approval of a special or extraordinary majority of shareholders. This means that even if shareholders were to sue us successfully, they may not be able to recover anything to make up for the losses suffered.
Under the laws of the BVI, the rights of minority shareholders are protected by provisions of the BVI Act dealing with shareholder remedies and other remedies available under common law (in tort or contractual remedies). The principal protection under statutory law is that shareholders may bring an action to enforce the constitutional documents of the company (i.e. the memorandum and articles of association) as shareholders are entitled to have the affairs of the company conducted in accordance with the BVI Act and the memorandum and articles of association of the company. A shareholder may also bring an action under statute if he feels that the affairs of the company have been or will be carried out in a manner that is unfairly prejudicial or discriminating or oppressive to him. The BVI Act also provides for certain other protections for minority shareholders, including in respect of investigation of the company and inspection of the company books and records. There are also common law rights for the protection of shareholders that may be invoked, largely dependent on English common law, since the common law of the BVI for business companies is limited.
As a result of all of the above, public shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the face of actions taken by our management, members of our Board of Directors, or our Controlling Shareholder than they would as public shareholders of a company incorporated in the United States. For a discussion of significant differences between the provisions of the BVI Act and the laws applicable to companies incorporated in the United States and their shareholders, see “Description of Shares — Differences in Corporate Law.”
You may incur additional costs and procedural obstacles in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments or bringing actions in Hong Kong against us or our management named in this prospectus based on Hong Kong laws.
Currently, our Operating Subsidiaries’ operations are conducted outside the United States, and all of our assets are located outside the United States. All of our directors and officers reside outside of the United States, and a substantial portion of their assets are located in Hong Kong outside the United States. You may incur additional costs and procedural obstacles in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments or bringing actions in Hong Kong against us or our management named in the prospectus, as judgments entered in the United States can be
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enforced in Hong Kong only at common law. If you want to enforce a judgment of the United States in Hong Kong, it must be a final judgment conclusive upon the merits of the claim, for a liquidated amount in a civil matter and not in respect of taxes, fines, penalties, or similar charges, the proceedings in which the judgment was obtained were not contrary to natural justice, and the enforcement of the judgment is not contrary to public policy of Hong Kong. Such a judgment must be for a fixed sum and must also come from a “competent” court as determined by the private international law rules applied by the Hong Kong courts.
Investors may have difficulty in effecting service of legal process, enforcing judgments against us, our directors and management. Investors may incur additional costs and procedural obstacles in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments or bringing actions in the BVI or Hong Kong against us or our management named in the prospectus based on BVI or Hong Kong laws.
We are incorporated under the laws of the BVI. We conduct our operations outside the United States and substantially all of our assets are located outside the United States. In addition, all our director, director nominees, and executive officers, including Ms. Kit Wong, Ms. Ching Man Cheung, Ms. Josephine Yan Yeung, Mr. Leut Ming Gung, and Mr. Shu Tai Victor Yu, are Hong Kong residents or based in Hong Kong and their assets are substantially located in Hong Kong and outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult or impossible to effect service of process within the U.S. upon these persons, or to recover against us or them on judgments of U.S. courts, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws. Even if you are successful in bringing an action of this kind, the laws of the BVI or Hong Kong could render you unable to enforce a judgment against our assets or the assets of our directors and officers.
We have been advised by Harney Westwood & Riegels, our counsel as to the law of BVI, that although there is no statutory enforcement in the BVI of judgments obtained in the federal or state courts of the United States (and the BVI are not a party to any treaties for the reciprocal enforcement or recognition of such judgments), the BVI court will at common law enforce final and conclusive in personam judgments of state and/or federal courts of the United States of America (the “Foreign Court”) which had jurisdiction to give the judgment of a debt or definite sum of money against the Company (other than a sum of money payable in respect of taxes, penalties or fines, where the judgment was obtained by fraud or where enforcement would be contrary to public policy). The BVI court can also at common law enforce final and conclusive in personam judgments of the Foreign Court that are non-monetary against the Company. The BVI court will exercise its discretion in the enforcement of non-money judgments by having regard to the circumstances, such as considering if the judgment creditor has a foreign judgment based on a cause of action recognized under BVI law, can establish that the BVI court has jurisdiction over the judgment debtor and whether the principles of comity apply.
To be treated as final and conclusive, any relevant judgment must be regarded as res judicata by the Foreign Court. A debt claim on a foreign judgment must be brought within 12 years of the judgment becoming enforceable and arrears of interest on a judgment debt cannot be recovered after 6 years from the date on which the interest was due. The courts of the BVI are unlikely to enforce a judgment obtained from the Foreign Court under civil liability provisions of U.S. federal securities law if such a judgment is found by the courts of the BVI to give rise to obligations to make payments that are penal or punitive in nature. A court of the BVI may stay enforcement proceedings if concurrent proceedings are being brought elsewhere. A judgment entered in default of appearance by a defendant who has had notice of the Foreign Court’s intention to proceed may be final and conclusive notwithstanding that the Foreign Court has power to set aside its own judgment and despite the fact that it may be subject to an appeal the time-limit for which has not yet expired. The BVI court may safeguard the defendant’s rights by granting a stay of execution pending any such appeal and may also grant interim injunctive relief as appropriate for the purpose of enforcement.
In addition, you may incur additional costs and procedural obstacles in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments or bringing actions in Hong Kong against us or our management named in the prospectus, as judgments entered in the United States can be enforced in Hong Kong only at common law. There is also uncertainty as to whether the courts of Hong Kong would (i) recognize or enforce judgments of the U.S. courts obtained against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the U.S. or any state in the U.S. or (ii) entertain original actions brought in Hong Kong against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the securities laws of the U.S. or any state in the U.S.
A judgment of a court in the U.S. predicated upon U.S. federal or state securities laws may be enforced in Hong Kong at common law by bringing an action in a Hong Kong court on that judgment for the amount due thereunder, and then seeking summary judgment on the strength of the foreign judgment, provided that the foreign judgment, among other
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things, is (i) for a debt or a definite sum of money (not being taxes or similar charges to a foreign government taxing authority or a fine or other penalty) and (ii) final and conclusive on the merits of the claim, but not otherwise. Such a judgment may not, in any event, be so enforced in Hong Kong if (a) it was obtained by fraud; (b) the proceedings in which the judgment was obtained were opposed to natural justice; (c) its enforcement or recognition would be contrary to the public policy of Hong Kong; (d) the court of the U.S. was not jurisdictionally competent; or (e) the judgment was in conflict with a prior Hong Kong judgment.
Hong Kong has no arrangement for the reciprocal enforcement of judgments with the U.S. As a result, there is uncertainty as to the enforceability in Hong Kong, in original actions or in actions for enforcement, of judgments of the U.S. courts of civil liabilities predicated solely upon the federal securities laws of the U.S. or the securities laws of any State or territory within the U.S. You may incur additional costs and procedural obstacles in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments or bringing actions in Hong Kong against us or our management named in the prospectus, as judgments entered in the U.S. can be enforced in Hong Kong only at common law. For more information regarding the relevant laws of the BVI and Hong Kong, see “Enforceability of Civil Liabilities.”
You may face difficulties in protecting your interests, and your ability to protect your rights through U.S. courts may be limited, because we are incorporated under BVI law.
We are a BVI business company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of the BVI. Our corporate affairs are governed by our post-offering memorandum and articles of association, the BVI Act and the common law of the BVI. The rights of shareholders to take action against our directors, actions by our minority shareholders and the fiduciary duties of our directors to us under the BVI law are governed by the BVI Act and the common law of the BVI. The common law of the BVI is derived in part from comparatively limited judicial precedent in the BVI as well as from the common law of England and the wider Commonwealth, the decisions of whose courts are of persuasive authority, but are not binding, on a court in the BVI. The rights of our shareholders and the fiduciary duties of our directors under the BVI law are not as clearly established as they would be under statutes or judicial precedent in some jurisdictions in the United States. In particular, the BVI has a less developed body of securities laws than the United States. Some U.S. states, such as Delaware, have more fully developed and judicially interpreted bodies of corporate law than the BVI. In addition, the BVI companies may not have standing to initiate a shareholder derivative action in a federal court of the United States.
Shareholders of a BVI company could, however, bring a derivative action in the BVI courts, and there is a clear statutory right to commence such derivative claims under Section 184C of the BVI Act. The circumstances in which any such action may be brought, and the procedures and defenses that may be available in respect to any such action, may result in the rights of shareholders of a BVI company being more limited than those of shareholders of a company organized in the United States. Accordingly, shareholders may have fewer alternatives available to them if they believe that corporate wrongdoing has occurred. The BVI courts are also unlikely to recognize or enforce against us judgments of courts in the United States based on certain liability provisions of U.S. securities law; and to impose liabilities against us, in original actions brought in the BVI, based on certain liability provisions of U.S. securities laws that are penal in nature. There is no statutory recognition in the BVI of judgments obtained in the United States, although the courts of the BVI will generally recognize and enforce the non-penal judgment of a foreign court of competent jurisdiction without retrial on the merits. The BVI Act offers some limited protection of minority shareholders. The principal protection under statutory law is that shareholders may apply to the BVI court for an order directing the company or its director(s) to comply with, or restraining the company or a director from engaging in conduct that contravenes, the BVI Act. Under the BVI Act, the minority shareholders have a statutory right to bring a derivative action in the name of and on behalf of the company in circumstances where a company has a cause of action against its directors. This remedy is available at the discretion of the BVI court. A shareholder may also bring an action against the company for breach of duty owed to him as a shareholder. A shareholder who considers that the affairs of the company have been, are being or likely to be, conducted in a manner that is, or any act or acts of the company have been, or are, likely to be oppressive, unfairly discriminatory, or unfairly prejudicial to him in that capacity, may apply to the BVI court for an order to remedy the situation.
There are common law rights for the protection of shareholders that may be invoked, largely dependent on English common law. Under the general rule pursuant to English common law known as the rule in Foss v. Harbottle, a court will generally refuse to interfere with the management of a company at the insistence of a minority of its shareholders who express dissatisfaction with the conduct of the company’s affairs by the majority or the Board of Directors. However, every shareholder is entitled to have the affairs of the company conducted properly according to BVI law and the constituent documents of the company. As such, if those who control the company have persistently disregarded the
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requirements of company law, then the courts may grant relief. Generally, the areas in which the courts will intervene are the following: (1) an act complained of which is outside the scope of the authorized business or is illegal or not capable of ratification by the majority; (2) acts that constitute fraud on the minority where the wrongdoers control the company; (3) acts that infringe or are about to infringe on the personal rights of the shareholders, such as the right to vote; and (4) where the company has not complied with provisions requiring approval of a special or extraordinary majority of shareholders. This means that even if shareholders were to sue us successfully, they may not be able to recover anything to make up for the losses suffered.
Under the laws of the BVI, the rights of minority shareholders are protected by provisions of the BVI Act dealing with shareholder remedies and other remedies available under common law (in tort or contractual remedies). The principal protection under statutory law is that shareholders may bring an action to enforce the constitutional documents of the company (i.e. the memorandum and articles of association) as shareholders are entitled to have the affairs of the company conducted in accordance with the BVI Act and the memorandum and articles of association of the company. A shareholder may also bring an action under statute if he feels that the affairs of the company have been or will be carried out in a manner that is unfairly prejudicial or discriminating or oppressive to him. The BVI Act also provides for certain other protections for minority shareholders, including in respect of investigation of the company and inspection of the company books and records. There are also common law rights for the protection of shareholders that may be invoked, largely dependent on English common law, since the common law of the BVI for business companies is limited.
Certain corporate governance practices in the BVI, where our holding company was incorporated, differ significantly from requirements for companies incorporated in other jurisdictions such as the United States. Currently, we do not plan to rely on home country practice with respect to any corporate governance matter. We are permitted to rely on home country practice with respect to our corporate governance after we complete this Offering. If we choose to follow the BVI’ practice in the future, our shareholders may be afforded less protection than they otherwise would under rules and regulations applicable to U.S. domestic issuers.
As a result of all of the above, public shareholders may have more difficulties in protecting their interests in the face of actions taken by our management, or members of our board of directors than they would as public shareholders of a company incorporated in the United States. For a discussion of significant differences between the provisions of the BVI Act and the laws applicable to companies incorporated in the United States and their shareholders, see “Description of Shares.”
As a company incorporated in the BVI, we are permitted to adopt certain BVI practices in relation to corporate governance matters that differ significantly from the Nasdaq Capital Market listing standards; these practices may afford less protection to shareholders than they would enjoy if we complied fully with the Nasdaq Capital Market listing standards.
As a BVI company to be listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, we will be subject to the Nasdaq listing rules, which require Nasdaq-listed companies to have, among other things, a majority of their board members to be independent and independent director oversight of executive compensation and nomination of directors. The Nasdaq Listing Rules also require shareholder approval for U.S. domestic issuers in connection with: (i) the acquisition of the stock or assets of another company; (ii) equity-based compensation of officers, directors, employees or consultants; (iii) a change of control; and (iv) issuance of 20% or more of our outstanding ordinary shares in transactions other than public offerings. Moreover, the Nasdaq Capital Market rules permit a foreign private issuer like us to follow the corporate governance practices of its home country. Certain corporate governance practices in the BVI, which is our home country, may differ significantly from the Nasdaq Capital Market listing standards. Currently, we do not plan to rely on home country practices with respect to our corporate governance. However, if we choose to follow home country practices in the future, our shareholders may be afforded less protection than they would otherwise enjoy under the Nasdaq Capital Market listing standards applicable to U.S. domestic issuers.
Our corporate actions will be substantially controlled by our Controlling Shareholder, Kit Wong, who will have the ability to control or exert significant influence over important corporate matters that require the approval of shareholders, which may deprive you of an opportunity to receive a premium for your Class A Ordinary Shares and materially reduce the value of your investment. Additionally, we are, and following this offering will continue to be a “controlled company” and may follow certain exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements that could adversely affect our public shareholders.
As of the date of this prospectus, 77.60% of the issued and outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares of the Company and 100% of our total issued and outstanding Class B Ordinary Shares are owned by Ms. Kit Wong, our CEO, Director, and Chairman of the Board of Directors. Upon the completion of this Offering, Ms. Wong will own 69.29% of our total
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issued and outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares and 100% of our total issued and outstanding Class B Ordinary Shares, representing 91.65% of the total voting power, assuming that the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option, or 68.19% of our total issued and outstanding Ordinary Shares, representing 91.25% of the total voting power, assuming that the over-allotment option is exercised in full. Accordingly, Kit Wong will have significant influence in determining the outcome of any corporate transaction or other matter submitted to the shareholders for approval, including mergers, consolidations, election of directors and other significant corporate actions.
The interests of our Controlling Shareholder may differ from the interests of our other shareholders. The concentration of ownership may also discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company, which could deprive our shareholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their shares as part of a sale of our company and might reduce the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares. These actions may be taken even if they are opposed by our other shareholders, including those who purchase Class A Ordinary Shares in this Offering. Without the consent of our Controlling Shareholder, we may be prevented from entering into transactions that could be beneficial to us or our other shareholders. The concentration in the ownership of our shares may cause a material decline in the value of our shares. For more information regarding our principal shareholders and their affiliated entities, see “Principal Shareholders.”
Under the Nasdaq listing rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power is held by an individual, group, or another company is a “controlled company” and is permitted to elect to rely, and may rely, on certain exemptions from the obligation to comply with certain corporate governance requirements, including:
• the requirement that our director nominees must be selected or recommended solely by independent directors; and
• the requirement that we have a corporate governance and nominating committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities.
We are, and following the completion of this offering, will continue to be, a “controlled company” as defined under the Nasdaq Listing Rules. Although we do not intend to rely on the “controlled company” exemptions, we could elect to rely on these exemptions in the future. If we were to elect to rely on the “controlled company” exemptions, a majority of the members of our board of directors might not be independent directors and our nominating and corporate governance and compensation committees might not consist entirely of independent directors. Accordingly, if we relied on the exemptions, during the period we remain a controlled company and during any transition period following a time when we are no longer a controlled company, you would not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of Nasdaq.
Risks Related to Our Class A Ordinary Shares and This Offering
Our Class A Ordinary Shares may be prohibited from being traded on a national exchange under the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act if the PCAOB is unable to inspect our auditors. The delisting of our Class A Ordinary Shares, or the threat of their being delisted, may materially and adversely affect the value of your investment. Furthermore, on June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, which was signed into law on December 29, 2022, amending the HFCAA to require the SEC to prohibit an issuer’s securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchanges if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three.
The Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, or the HFCAA, was enacted on December 18, 2020. The HFCAA states if the SEC determines that we have filed audit reports issued by a registered public accounting firm that has not been subject to inspection by the PCAOB for three consecutive years beginning in 2021, the SEC shall prohibit our shares from being traded on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter trading market in the United States.
On March 24, 2021, the SEC adopted interim final rules relating to the implementation of certain disclosure and documentation requirements of the HFCA Act. A company will be required to comply with these rules if the SEC identifies it as having a “non-inspection” year under a process to be subsequently established by the SEC. The SEC is assessing how to implement other requirements of the HFCA Act, including the listing and trading prohibition requirements described above. Furthermore, on June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (the “AHFCAA”), which was signed into law on December 29, 2022, amending the HFCAA and requiring the SEC to prohibit an issuer’s securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchange if
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its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three consecutive years. On September 22, 2021, the PCAOB adopted a final rule implementing the HFCAA, which provides a framework for the PCAOB to use when determining, as contemplated under the HFCAA, whether the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms located in a foreign jurisdiction because of a position taken by one or more authorities in that jurisdiction. On December 2, 2021, the SEC issued amendments to finalize rules implementing the submission and disclosure requirements in the HFCA Act. The rules apply to registrants that the SEC identifies as having filed an annual report with an audit report issued by a registered public accounting firm that is located in a foreign jurisdiction and that PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken by an authority in foreign jurisdictions. On December 16, 2021, the PCAOB issued a Determination Report which found that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in: (i) China, and (ii) Hong Kong.
On August 26, 2022, the PCAOB announced and signed a Statement of Protocol (the “Protocol”) with the China Securities Regulatory Commission and the Ministry of Finance of the People’s Republic of China. The Protocol provides the PCAOB with: (1) sole discretion to select the firms, audit engagements and potential violations it inspects and investigates, without any involvement of Chinese authorities; (2) procedures for PCAOB inspectors and investigators to view complete audit work papers with all information included and for the PCAOB to retain information as needed; (3) direct access to interview and take testimony from all personnel associated with the audits the PCAOB inspects or investigates.
On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB issued a new Determination Report which: (1) vacated the December 16, 2021 Determination Report; and (2) concluded that the PCAOB has been able to conduct inspections and investigations completely in the PRC in 2022. The December 15, 2022 Determination Report cautions, however, that authorities in the PRC might take positions at any time that would prevent the PCAOB from continuing to inspect or investigate completely. As required by the HFCAA, if in the future the PCAOB determines it no longer can inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken by an authority in the PRC, the PCAOB will act expeditiously to consider whether it should issue a new determination.
Our auditor, WWC, P.C., the independent registered public accounting firm that issues the audit report included elsewhere in this prospectus, as a firm headquartered in California and registered with the PCAOB, is subject to laws in the United States pursuant to which the PCAOB conducts regular inspections to assess our auditor’s compliance with the applicable professional standards with the last inspection in 2023, and as of the date of this prospectus, our auditor is not subject to and not affected by to the PCAOB’s Determination Report. However, in the event it is later determined that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely the auditor because of a position taken by an authority in a foreign jurisdiction, such as the PRC authorities, then such lack of inspection could cause trading in the Company’s securities to be prohibited under the HFCAA, and ultimately result in a determination by a securities exchange to delist the Company’s securities.
The SEC may propose additional rules or guidance that could impact us if our auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspection. For example, on August 6, 2020, the President’s Working Group on Financial Markets, or the PWG, issued the Report on Protecting United States Investors from Significant Risks from Chinese Companies to the then President of the United States. This report recommended the SEC implement five recommendations to address companies from jurisdictions that do not provide the PCAOB with sufficient access to fulfill its statutory mandate. Some of the concepts of these recommendations were implemented with the enactment of the HFCA Act. However, some of the recommendations were more stringent than the HFCA Act. For example, if a company’s auditor was not subject to PCAOB inspection, the report recommended that the transition period before a company would be delisted would end on January 1, 2022.
The SEC has announced that the SEC staff is preparing a consolidated proposal for the rules regarding the implementation of the HFCA Act and to address the recommendations in the PWG report. It is unclear when the SEC will complete its rulemaking and when such rules will become effective and what, if any, of the PWG recommendations will be adopted. The implications of this possible regulation in addition to the requirements of the HFCA Act are uncertain. Such uncertainty could cause the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares to be materially and adversely affected, and our securities could be delisted or prohibited from being traded on the national securities exchange earlier than would be required by the HFCA Act. If our Class A Ordinary Shares are unable to be listed on another securities exchange
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by then, such a delisting would substantially impair your ability to sell or purchase our Class A Ordinary Shares when you wish to do so, and the risk and uncertainty associated with a potential delisting would have a negative impact on the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares.
There has been no public market for our Class A Ordinary Shares, prior to this Offering, and you may not be able to resell our Class A Ordinary Shares at or above the price you paid, or at all.
Prior to this Offering, there has been no public market for our Class A Ordinary Shares. Although we plan to apply to have our Class A Ordinary Shares listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, we cannot assure you that a liquid public market for our Class A Ordinary Shares will develop. If an active public market for our Class A Ordinary Shares does not develop following the completion of this Offering, the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares may decline and the liquidity of our Class A Ordinary Shares may decrease significantly.
The initial public offering price for our Class A Ordinary Shares will be determined by negotiation between us and the underwriters and may vary from the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares following our initial public offering. We cannot assure you that the price at which the Class A Ordinary Shares are traded after this Offering will not decline below the initial public offering price. If you purchase our Class A Ordinary Shares in our initial public offering, you may not be able to resell those shares at or above the initial public offering price. We cannot assure you that the initial public offering price of our Class A Ordinary Shares, or the market price following our initial public offering, will equal or exceed prices in privately negotiated transactions of our shares that have occurred from time to time prior to our initial public offering. As a result, investors in our Class A Ordinary Shares may experience a significant decrease in the value of their Class A Ordinary Shares due to insufficient or a lack of market liquidity of our Class A Ordinary Shares.
We may experience extreme stock price volatility unrelated to our actual or expected operating performance, financial condition or prospects, making it difficult for prospective investors to assess the rapidly changing value of our Class A Ordinary Shares, and could result in substantial losses to you.
The market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares is likely to be volatile and could fluctuate widely due to factors beyond our control. This may happen due to broad market and industry factors, such as performance and fluctuation in the market prices or underperformance or deteriorating financial results of other listed companies based in Hong Kong and Mainland China. The securities of some of these companies have experienced significant volatility since their initial public offerings, including, in some cases, substantial price declines in the trading price of their securities. The trading performances of other Hong Kong and Chinese companies’ securities after their offerings may affect the attitudes of investors towards Hong Kong-based, U.S.-listed companies, which consequently may affect the trading performance of our Class A Ordinary Shares, regardless of our actual operating performance. In addition, any negative news or perceptions about inadequate corporate governance practices or fraudulent accounting, corporate structure or matters of other Hong Kong and Chinese companies may also negatively affect the attitudes of investors towards Hong Kong and Chinese companies in general, including us, regardless of whether we have conducted any inappropriate activities. Furthermore, securities markets may from time to time experience significant price and volume fluctuations that are not related to our operating performance, which may have a material and adverse effect on the trading price of our Class A Ordinary Shares. The market price for our Class A Ordinary Shares may be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations due to factors, such as:
• the financial projections we may provide to the public, any changes in these projections or our failure to meet these projections;
• actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results;
• changes in financial estimates by securities research analysts;
• negative publicity, studies or reports about us, our services, our officers, directors, Controlling Shareholder, other beneficial owners, our business partners, or our industry;
• our capability to catch up with the technology innovations in the industry, and maintain such technological innovations, once attained;
• announcements by us or our competitors of acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments;
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• additions or departures of key personnel;
• fluctuations of exchange rates between Hong Kong dollar, Renminbi, and the U.S. dollar;
• litigation or regulatory proceedings involving us, our directors, officers or Controlling Shareholders;
• realization of any of the other risk factors presented in this prospectus;
• changes in investors’ perception of our company and the investment environment promptly;
• market reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic and its variants;
• the general market reactions and financial market fluctuation due to the continuous Russo-Ukraine conflicts;
• changes in the economic performance or market valuations of other financial printing firms;
• economic, social and political conditions in Hong Kong and Mainland China;
• the liquidity of the market for our Class A Ordinary Shares;
• release or expiry of lock-up or other transfer restrictions on our outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares;
• sales and perceived potential sales of additional Class A Ordinary Shares.
Any of these factors may result in large and sudden changes in the volume and price at which our Class A Ordinary Shares will trade.
Recently, there have been instances of extreme stock price run-ups followed by rapid price declines and strong stock price volatility with a number of recent initial public offerings, especially among companies with relatively smaller public floats. As a relatively small-capitalization company with relatively small public float, we may experience greater stock price volatility, extreme price run-ups, lower trading volume and less liquidity than large-capitalization companies. In particular, our Class A Ordinary Shares may be subject to rapid and substantial price volatility, low volumes of trades and large spreads in bid and ask prices. Such volatility, including any stock-run up, may be unrelated to our actual or expected operating performance, financial condition or prospects, making it difficult for prospective investors to assess the rapidly changing value of our Class A Ordinary Shares.
In addition, if the trading volumes of our Class A Ordinary Shares are low, persons buying or selling in relatively small quantities may easily influence prices of our Class A Ordinary Shares. This low volume of trades could also cause the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares to fluctuate greatly, with large percentage changes in price occurring in any trading day session. Holders of our Class A Ordinary Shares may also not be able to readily liquidate their investment or may be forced to sell at depressed prices due to low volume trading. Broad market fluctuations and general economic and political conditions may also adversely affect the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares. As a result of this volatility, investors may experience losses on their investment in our Class A Ordinary Shares. A decline in the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares also could adversely affect our ability to issue additional shares of Class A Ordinary Shares or other securities and our ability to obtain additional financing in the future. No assurance can be given that an active market in our Class A Ordinary Shares will develop or be sustained. If an active market does not develop, holders of our Class A Ordinary Shares may be unable to readily sell the shares they hold or may not be able to sell their shares at all.
In the past, shareholders of public companies have often brought securities class action suits against those companies following periods of instability in the market price of their securities. If we were involved in a class action suit, it could divert a significant amount of our management’s attention and other resources from our business and operations and require us to incur significant expenses to defend the suit, which could harm our results of operations. Any such class action suit, whether or not successful, could harm our reputation and restrict our ability to raise capital in the future. In addition, if a claim is successfully made against us, we may be required to pay significant damages, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
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Our Class A Ordinary Shares may be thinly traded and you may be unable to sell at or near ask prices or at all if you need to sell your shares to raise money or otherwise desire to liquidate your shares.
Assuming our Class A Ordinary Shares begin trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market, our Class A Ordinary Shares may be “thinly-traded,” meaning that the number of persons interested in purchasing our Class A Ordinary Shares at or near bid prices at any given time may be relatively small or non-existent. This situation may be attributable to a number of factors, including the fact that we are relatively unknown to stock analysts, stock brokers, institutional investors and others in the investment community that generate or influence sales volume, and that even if we come to the attention of such persons, they tend to be risk-averse and might be reluctant to follow an unproven company such as ours or purchase or recommend the purchase of our shares until such time as we became more seasoned. As a consequence, there may be periods of several days or more when trading activity in our shares is minimal or non-existent, as compared to a seasoned issuer which has a large and steady volume of trading activity that will generally support continuous sales without an adverse effect on share price. A broad or active public trading market for our Class A Ordinary Shares may not develop or be sustained.
If we cannot satisfy, or continue to satisfy, the initial listing requirements and other rules of Nasdaq Capital Market, although we are exempt from certain corporate governance standards applicable to US issuers as a Foreign Private Issuer, our Class A Ordinary Shares may not be listed or may be delisted, which could negatively impact the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares and your ability to sell them.
We intend to apply to list our Class A Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market. We cannot assure you that we will be able to meet those initial listing requirements at that time. Even if our Class A Ordinary Shares are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, we cannot assure you that our Class A Ordinary Shares will continue to be listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market.
In addition, following this Offering, in order to maintain our listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market, we will be required to comply with certain rules of the Nasdaq Capital Market, including those regarding minimum shareholders’ equity, minimum share price and certain corporate governance requirements. Even if we initially meet the listing requirements and other applicable rules of the Nasdaq Capital Market, we may not be able to continue to satisfy these requirements and applicable rules. If we are unable to satisfy the Nasdaq Capital Market criteria for maintaining our listing, our Class A Ordinary Shares could be subject to delisting.
If the Nasdaq Capital Market delists our Class A Ordinary Shares from trading, we could face significant consequences, including:
• a limited availability for market quotations for our Class A Ordinary Shares;
• reduced liquidity with respect to our Class A Ordinary Shares;
• a determination that our Class A Ordinary Share is a “penny stock” which will require brokers trading in our Class A Ordinary Shares to adhere to more stringent rules and possibly result in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for our Class A Ordinary Shares;
• limited amount of news and analyst coverage; and
• a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future.
The National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996, which is a federal statute, prevents or preempts the states from regulating the sale of certain securities, which are referred to as “covered securities”. Because we expect that our shares will be listed on Nasdaq, such securities will be covered securities. Although the states are preempted from regulating the sale of our securities, the federal statute does allow the states to investigate companies if there is a suspicion of fraud, and, if there is a finding of fraudulent activity, then the states can regulate or bar the sale of covered securities in a particular case. Further, if we were no longer listed on Nasdaq, our securities would not be covered securities and we would be subject to regulations in each state in which we offer our securities.
Our existing shareholders that are not included in this registration statement will be able to sell their Class A Ordinary Shares after completion of this Offering subject to restrictions under the Rule 144.
Our existing shareholders may be able to sell their shares pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act after completion of this offering and/or after the expiration of their lock-up period, if applicable. Because these shareholders have paid a lower price per Ordinary Share than participants in this Offering and there are currently no established markets for
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the sale of the shares they own, when they are able to sell their pre-offering shares under Rule 144, they may be more willing than participants in this Offering to accept a lower sales price than the Offering Price. These shareholders may sell all or a portion of their shares, from time to time, at the market price prevailing at the time of offer and sale, or at prices related to such prevailing market prices or in negotiated transactions or a combination of such methods of sale directly or through brokers. This fact could impact the trading price of our Class A Ordinary Shares following completion of the Offering, to the detriment of participants in this Offering. Under rule 144, before our existing shareholders can sell their Class A Ordinary Shares, in addition to meeting other requirements, they must meet the required holding period. As such, the trading price of our Class A Ordinary Shares may fluctuate significantly due to such sales, which are beyond our control. We do not expect any of such Class A Ordinary Shares to be sold pursuant to Rule 144 during the pendency of this Offering.
The sale or availability for sale of substantial amounts of our Class A Ordinary Shares in the public market could adversely affect the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares.
Sales of substantial amounts of our Class A Ordinary Shares in the public market after the completion of this Offering, or the perception that these sales could occur, could adversely affect the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares and could materially impair our ability to raise capital through equity offerings in the future.
In connection with this Offering, we, our directors, officers and shareholders holding 5% or more of the issued and outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares have agreed, subject to limited exceptions, not to offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase or otherwise dispose of, directly or indirectly, or enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of our Class A Ordinary Shares or are otherwise subject to similar lockup restrictions for six months after the effective date of this prospectus without the prior written consent of the representative of the underwriters. However, the underwriters may release these securities from these restrictions at any time, subject to applicable regulations of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. We cannot predict what effect, if any, market sales of securities held by our significant shareholders or any other shareholder or the availability of these securities for future sale will have on the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares. See “Underwriting” for a more detailed description of the restrictions on selling our securities after this Offering.
You will experience immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of Class A Ordinary Shares purchased.
The initial public offering price of our Class A Ordinary Shares is substantially higher than the (pro forma) net tangible book value per share of our Class A Ordinary Shares. Consequently, when you purchase our Class A Ordinary Shares in the Offering and upon completion of the Offering, you will incur immediate dilution. See “Dilution.” In addition, you may experience further dilution to the extent that additional Class A Ordinary Shares are issued upon exercise of outstanding options we may grant from time to time.
Because the amount, timing, and whether or not we distribute dividends at all is entirely at the discretion of our Board of Directors, you must rely on price appreciation of our Class A Ordinary Shares for return on your investment.
Our Board of Directors has complete discretion as to whether to distribute dividends. Subject to the BVI Act and our post-offering memorandum and articles of association, our Board of Directors may by resolution, authorize a distribution (which includes a dividend) by our Company to our members if our Board of Directors are satisfied, on reasonable grounds, that immediately after the distribution satisfy the solvency test, that is: (a) the company will be able to pay its debts as they fall due; and (b) the value of our assets exceeds its liabilities.
We currently intend to retain all remaining funds and future earnings, if any, for the operation and expansion of our business and do not anticipate declaring or paying any further dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination related to our dividend policy will be made at the discretion of our Board of Directors after considering our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, contractual requirements, business prospects and other factors the Board of Directors deems relevant, and will be subject to the restrictions contained in any future financing instruments.
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Even if our Board of Directors decides to declare and pay dividends, the timing, amount and form of future dividends, if any, will depend on, among other things, our future results of operations and cash flow, our capital requirements and surplus, the amount of distributions, if any, received by us from our Operating Subsidiaries, our financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors deemed relevant by our Board of Directors. Accordingly, the return on your investment in our Class A Ordinary Shares will likely depend entirely upon any future price appreciation of our Class A Ordinary Shares. We cannot assure you that our Class A Ordinary Shares will appreciate in value after this Offering or even maintain the price at which you purchased the Class A Ordinary Shares. You may not realize a return on your investment in our Class A Ordinary Shares and you may even lose your entire investment in our Class A Ordinary Shares. See “Dividend Policy” section for more information.
As an “emerging growth company” under applicable law, we will be subject to lessened disclosure requirements. Such reduced disclosure may make our Class A Ordinary Shares less attractive to investors.
Upon completion of this Offering, we will become a public company and expect to incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules subsequently implemented by the SEC and the Nasdaq Capital Market detailed requirements concerning corporate governance practices of public companies. As a company with less than US$1.235 billion in net revenues for our last fiscal year, we qualify as an “emerging growth company” pursuant to the JOBS Act.
For so long as we remain an emerging growth company, we are permitted and intend to rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. These exemptions include:
• being permitted to provide only two years of audited financial statements, in addition to any required unaudited interim financial statements, with correspondingly reduced “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” disclosure;
• not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements in the assessment of our internal control over financial reporting of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act;
• not being required to comply with any requirement that may be adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor’s report providing additional information about the audit and the financial statements;
• reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation; and
• exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
We have taken advantage of reduced reporting burdens in this prospectus. In particular, in this prospectus, we have only provided two years of audited financial statements and have not included all the executive compensation related information that would be required if we were not an emerging growth company. In addition, the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards. This allows an emerging growth company to delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We are choosing to take advantage of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards.
We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, which would occur if the market value of our Class A Ordinary Shares that are held by non-affiliates exceeds US$700 million as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter; (ii) the end of the fiscal year during which we have total annual gross revenues of US$1.235 billion or more; (iii) the date on which we have, during the preceding three-year period, issued more than US$1.0 billion in non-convertible debt; or (iv) the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the completion of this Offering.
We will incur increased costs as a result of being a public company, particularly after we cease to qualify as an emerging growth company.
Upon completion of this Offering, we will become a public company and expect to incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules subsequently implemented by the SEC and the New York Stock Exchange detailed requirements concerning corporate
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governance practices of public companies. As a company with less than US$1.235 billion in net revenues for our last fiscal year, we qualify as an “emerging growth company” pursuant to the JOBS Act. An emerging growth company may take advantage of specified reduced reporting and other requirements that are otherwise applicable generally to public companies. These provisions include exemption from the auditor attestation requirement under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2012 relating to internal controls over financial reporting.
We expect these rules and regulations to increase our legal and financial compliance costs and to make some corporate activities more time-consuming and costly. After we are no longer an “emerging growth company,” we expect to incur significant expenses and devote substantial management effort toward ensuring compliance with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the other time and attention to our public company reporting obligations and other compliance matters. For example, as a result of becoming a public company, we will need to increase the number of independent directors and adopt policies regarding internal controls and disclosure controls and procedures. We also expect that operating as a public company will make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. In addition, we will incur additional costs associated with our public company reporting requirements. It may also be more difficult for us to find qualified persons to serve on our Board of Directors or as executive officers. We are currently evaluating and monitoring developments with respect to these rules and regulations, and we cannot predict or estimate with any degree of certainty the amount of additional costs we may incur or the timing of such costs.
As a “foreign private issuer” under the rules and regulations of the SEC, we are permitted to, and will, file less or different information with the SEC than a company incorporated in the United States or otherwise subject to these rules, and are permitted to follow certain home-country corporate governance practices in lieu of certain Nasdaq requirements applicable to U.S. issuers. We are also permitted to adopt certain home country practices in relation to corporate governance matters that differ significantly from Nasdaq corporate governance listing standards. These practices may afford less protection to shareholders than they would enjoy if we complied fully with corporate governance listing standards.
By virtue of being a foreign private issuer under the Exchange Act, we are exempt from certain provisions of the securities rules and regulations in the United States that are applicable to U.S. domestic issuers including:
• the rules under the Exchange Act requiring the filing with the SEC of quarterly reports on Form 10-Q or current reports on Form 8-K;
• the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents, or authorizations in respect of a security registered under the Exchange Act;
• the sections of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports of their stock ownership and trading activities and liability for insiders who profit from trades made in a short period of time; and
• the selective disclosure rules by issuers of material non-public information under Regulation FD.
We will be required to file an annual report on Form 20-F within four months of the end of each fiscal year. Press releases relating to financial results and material events will also be furnished to the SEC on Form 6-K. However, the information we are required to file with or furnish to the SEC will be less extensive and less timely compared to that required to be filed with the SEC by U.S. domestic issuers. As a result, you may not be afforded the same protections or information that would be made available to you were you investing in a U.S. domestic issuer. In addition, our officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules under the Exchange Act with respect to their purchases and sales of our securities.
In addition, as a foreign private issuer, we are permitted to take advantage of certain provisions in the Nasdaq rules that allow us to follow our home country law for certain governance matters. Certain corporate governance practices in our home country, the BVI, may differ significantly from corporate governance listing standards. Currently, we do not plan to rely on any home country practices with respect to our corporate governance. However, if we choose to follow home country practices in the future, our shareholders may be afforded less protection than they would otherwise enjoy under the Nasdaq corporate governance listing standards applicable to U.S. domestic issuers.
53
We may lose our foreign private issuer status in the future, which could result in significant additional costs and expenses.
We are a foreign private issuer, and therefore, we are not required to comply with all of the periodic disclosure and current reporting requirements of the Exchange Act. The determination of foreign private issuer status is made annually on the last business day of an issuer’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter. We would lose our foreign private issuer status if, for example, more than 50% of our outstanding voting securities become directly or indirectly held by residents of the United States and we fail to meet additional requirements necessary to maintain our foreign private issuer status. If we lose our foreign private issuer status on this date, we will be required to file with the SEC periodic reports and registration statements on U.S. domestic issuer forms, which are more detailed and extensive than the forms available to a foreign private issuer. We will also have to mandatorily comply with U.S. federal proxy requirements, and our officers, directors and principal shareholders will become subject to the short-swing profit disclosure and recovery provisions of Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we will lose our ability to rely upon exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements under the Nasdaq rules. As a U.S. listed public company that is not a foreign private issuer, we will incur significant additional legal, accounting and other expenses that we will not incur as a foreign private issuer, and accounting, reporting and other expenses in order to maintain a listing on a U.S. securities exchange.
We have broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds from this Offering and may not use them effectively.
Our management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds, including for any of the purposes described in the section entitled “Use of Proceeds,” and you will not have the opportunity as part of your investment decision to assess whether the net proceeds are being used appropriately. Because of the number and variability of factors that will determine our use of the net proceeds from this Offering, their ultimate use may vary substantially from their currently intended use. The failure by our management to apply these funds effectively could harm our business.
There can be no assurance that we will not be deemed a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes for any taxable year, which could result in adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. holders of our Class A Ordinary Shares.
A non-U.S. corporation, such as our company, will be classified as a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”) for any taxable year if either (1) at least 75% of its gross income for such year consists of certain types of “passive” income; or (2) at least 50% of the value of its assets (based on an average of the quarterly values of the assets) during such year is attributable to assets that produce passive income or are held for the production of passive income, or the asset test. Based on our current and expected income and assets (taking into account the expected cash proceeds and our anticipated market capitalization following this Offering), we do not presently expect to be a PFIC for the current taxable year or the foreseeable future.
While we do not expect to be a PFIC, because the value of our assets, for purposes of the asset test, may be determined by reference to the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares, fluctuations in the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares may cause us to become a PFIC for the current or subsequent taxable years. The determination of whether we will be or become a PFIC will also depend, in part, on the composition and classification of our income, including the relative amounts of income generated by and the value of assets of our strategic investment business as compared to our other businesses. Because there are uncertainties in the application of the relevant rules, it is possible that the U.S. Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, may challenge our classification of certain income and assets as non-passive which may result in our being or becoming a PFIC in the current or subsequent years. In addition, the composition of our income and assets will also be affected by how, and how quickly, we use our liquid assets and the cash raised in this offering. If we determine not to deploy significant amounts of cash for active purposes, our risk of being a PFIC may substantially increase. Because there are uncertainties in the application of the relevant rules and PFIC status is a factual determination made annually after the close of each taxable year, there can be no assurance that we will not be a PFIC for the current taxable year or any future taxable year. If we are a PFIC in any taxable year during which a U.S. holder (as defined below in the Taxation section) owns our Class A Ordinary Shares, the U.S. Holder may incur significantly increased United States income tax on gain recognized on the sale or other disposition of our Class A Ordinary Shares and on the receipt of distributions on our Class A Ordinary Shares to the extent such gain or distribution is treated as an “excess distribution” under the United States federal income tax rules, and such holder may be subject to burdensome reporting requirements. Further, if we are a PFIC for any year during which a U.S. Holder
54
holds our Class A Ordinary Shares, we will generally continue to be treated as a PFIC for all succeeding years during which such U.S. Holder holds our Class A Ordinary Shares. We do not intend to provide the information that would enable investors to make a qualified electing fund election that could mitigate the adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences should we be classified as a PFIC. See “Taxation — United States Federal Income Tax Considerations” on page 130 for further information.
Nasdaq may apply additional and more stringent criteria for our initial and continued listings due to the relatively small size of this offering and the fact that our insiders will hold a large portion of our listed securities after this offering.
Nasdaq Listing Rule 5101 provides Nasdaq with broad discretionary authority over the initial and continued listing of securities in Nasdaq and Nasdaq may use such discretion to deny initial listing, apply additional or more stringent criteria for the initial or continued listing of particular securities, or suspend or delist particular securities based on any event, condition, or circumstance that exists or occurs that makes initial or continued listing of the securities on Nasdaq inadvisable or unwarranted in the opinion of Nasdaq, even though the securities may meet all enumerated criteria for initial or continued listing on Nasdaq. In addition, Nasdaq has used its discretion to deny initial or continued listing or to apply additional and more stringent criteria in the instances, including, but not limited to: (i) where the company engaged an auditor that has not been subject to an inspection by PCAOB, an auditor that PCAOB cannot inspect, or an auditor that has not demonstrated sufficient resources, geographic reach, or experience to adequately perform the company’s audit; (ii) where the company planned a small public offering, which would result in insiders holding a large portion of the company’s listed securities, and Nasdaq had concerns that the offering size was insufficient to establish the company’s initial valuation, and there would not be sufficient liquidity to support a public market for the company; and (iii) where the company did not demonstrate sufficient nexus to the U.S. capital market, including having no U.S. shareholders, operations, or members of the board of directors or management. Our initial public offering will be relatively small. The insiders of our Company will still hold a large portion of the Company’s listed securities following the consummation of the Offering. Therefore, we may be subject to the additional and more stringent criteria of Nasdaq for our initial and continued listing, which might cause delay or even denial of our listing application.
We may be subject to material litigation, including individual and class action lawsuits, as well as investigations and enforcement actions by regulators and governmental authorities.
We may from time to time become subject to claims, arbitrations, individual and class action lawsuits, government and regulatory investigations, inquiries, actions or requests, and other proceedings alleging violations of laws, rules and regulations, both foreign and domestic. The scope, determination and impact of claims, lawsuits, government and regulatory investigations, enforcement actions, disputes and proceedings to which we are subject cannot be predicted with certainty, and may result in:
• substantial payments to satisfy judgments, fines or penalties;
• substantial outside counsel legal fees and costs;
• additional compliance and licensure requirements;
• loss of productivity and high demands on employee time;
• criminal sanctions or consent decrees;
• termination of certain employees, including members of our executive team;
• changes to our business model and practices; and
• damage to our brand and reputation.
Any such matters can have an adverse impact, which may be material, on our business, operating results or financial condition because of legal costs, diversion of management resources, reputational damage and other factors.
55
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus contains forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by the words “may,” “might,” “will,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “goal,” “objective,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue” and “ongoing,” or the negative of these terms, or other comparable terminology intended to identify statements about the future. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from the information expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements and opinions contained in this prospectus are based upon information available to us as of the date of this prospectus and, while we believe such information forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. Factors that could cause actual results to differ from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:
• future financial and operating results, including revenues, income, expenditures, cash balances and other financial items;
• our ability to execute our growth, expansion and acquisition strategies, including our ability to meet our growth strategies;
• current and future economic and political conditions;
• expected changes in our revenues, costs or expenditures;
• our expectations regarding demand for and market acceptance of our services;
• our expectations regarding our customer base;
• our ability to obtain, maintain or procure all necessary government certifications, approvals, and/or licenses to conduct our business, and in the relevant jurisdictions in which we operate;
• competition in our industry;
• relevant government policies and regulations relating to our industry;
• our capital requirements and our ability to raise any additional financing which we may require;
• our ability to hire and retain qualified management personnel and key employees in order to enable us to develop our business;
• overall industry, economic and market performance;
• the spread of the COVID-19 virus and its new variants, the impact it may have on our operations, the demand for our services, and economic activity in general; and
• other assumptions described in this prospectus underlying or relating to any forward-looking statements.
You should refer to the section titled “Risk Factors” for a discussion of important factors that may cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by our forward-looking statements. As a result of these factors, we cannot assure you that the forward-looking statements in this prospectus will prove to be accurate. Furthermore, if our forward-looking statements prove to be inaccurate, the inaccuracy may be material. In light of the significant uncertainties in these forward-looking statements, you should not regard these statements as a representation or warranty by us or any other person that we will achieve our objectives and plans in any specified time frame, or at all. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.
You should read this prospectus and the documents that we reference in this prospectus and have filed as exhibits to the registration statement, of which this prospectus forms a part, completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.
56
Based upon an assumed initial public offering price of US$5.00 per Ordinary Share (the mid-point of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus), we estimate that we will receive net proceeds from this Offering, after deducting the underwriting discounts and the estimated offering expenses payable by us, of approximately US$6.6 million assuming the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option.
We plan to use the net proceeds we will receive from this Offering for the following purposes:
|
Description of Use |
Estimated Amount of |
% |
|||
|
Expanding our business and geographic coverage, such as opening new wellness centers in other geographic markets like Southeast Asia |
$ |
2,630,868 |
40% |
||
|
Potential strategic investment and acquisitions |
$ |
1,973,151 |
30% |
||
|
Research and development, including funding for technology development and product innovation. For example, we may invest in ingredient research and exploring new uses of medicinal herbs for skincare product development |
$ |
657,717 |
10% |
||
|
General working capital and corporate purposes |
$ |
1,315,433 |
20% |
||
|
Total |
$ |
6,577,169 |
100% |
||
As of the date of this prospectus, we have not identified any specific investment or acquisition opportunities. For a more detailed discussion on our future business plans and growth strategies, see “Business — Our Growth Strategies” and “Business — Our Challenges” on pages 90 and 91 of this prospectus, respectively.
The foregoing represents our current intentions based upon our present plans and business conditions to use and allocate the net proceeds of this Offering. Our management, however, will have some flexibility and discretion to apply the net proceeds of this Offering. If an unforeseen event occurs or business conditions change, we may use the proceeds of this Offering differently than as described in this prospectus. To the extent that the net proceeds we receive from this Offering are not imminently used for the above purposes, we intend to invest in short-term, interest-bearing bank deposits or debt instruments.
57
We have not declared or paid any cash dividends on our Class A Ordinary Shares for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. We anticipate that we will retain any earnings to support operations and to finance the growth and development of our business. Therefore, we do not expect to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination related to our dividend policy will be made at the discretion of our Board of Directors after considering our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, contractual requirements, business prospects and other factors the Board of Directors deems relevant, and subject to the restrictions contained in any future financing instruments.
The declaration, amount and payment of any future dividends will be at the sole discretion of our Board of Directors, subject to compliance with applicable BVI laws regarding solvency. Our Board of Directors will take into account general economic and business conditions, our financial condition and results of operations, our available cash and current and anticipated cash needs, capital requirements, contractual, legal, tax and regulatory restrictions and other implications on the payment of dividends by us to our shareholders or by our Operating Subsidiaries to us, and such other factors as our Board of Directors may deem relevant. In addition, our shareholders may by ordinary resolution declare a dividend, but no dividend may exceed the amount recommended by our Board of Directors.
Subject to the BVI Act and our post-offering memorandum and articles of association, our Board of Directors may by resolution, authorize a distribution (which includes a dividend) by our Company to our shareholders if our Board of Directors are satisfied, on reasonable grounds, that immediately after the distribution satisfy the solvency test, that is: (a) the company will be able to pay its debts as they fall due; and (b) the value of our assets exceeds its liabilities.
Our holding company relies on dividends paid by our Operating Subsidiaries for its cash requirements, including funds to pay any dividends and other cash distributions to its shareholders, service any debt it may incur and pay its operating expenses. Our holding company’s ability to pay dividends to its shareholders will depend on, among other things, the availability of dividends from our Operating Subsidiaries.
Under the current practice of the Inland Revenue Department of Hong Kong, no tax is payable in Hong Kong in respect of dividends paid by us.
58
The following table sets forth our capitalization as of September 30, 2024 on a pro forma as adjusted basis giving effect to the completion of the firm commitment offering assumed initial public offering price of US$5.00 per Class A Ordinary Share (the mid-point of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus) and to reflect the application of the proceeds after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts, non-accountable expense allowance and estimated offering expenses (including accountable expenses) payable by us. You should read this table in conjunction with our financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this prospectus and “Use of Proceeds” and “Description of Shares.”
|
As of September 30, 2024 |
||||||||
|
Actual |
Pro Forma |
|||||||
|
Shareholders’ Equity (Deficit) |
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Class B Ordinary Shares, par value $0.0001 per share, 15,000,000 shares authorized, 2,000,000 Class B Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding |
|
200 |
|
|
200 |
|
||
|
Class A Ordinary Shares, par value $0.0001 per share, 60,000,000 shares authorized, 13,338,000 Class A Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding on an actual basis, 14,938,000 shares issued and outstanding on an adjusted basis (assuming 1,600,000 shares to be issued in this offering without over-allotment) |
|
1,334 |
|
|
1,494 |
|
||
|
Additional paid-in capital(1) |
|
312,880 |
|
|
6,889,889 |
|
||
|
Subscription receivables |
|
(381,043 |
) |
|
— |
|
||
|
Accumulated losses |
|
(610,827 |
) |
|
(610,827 |
) |
||
|
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
|
(3,599 |
) |
|
(3,599 |
) |
||
|
Total Shareholders’ Equity (Deficit) |
|
(681,055 |
) |
|
6,277,157 |
|
||
|
Indebtedness |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
Bank borrowings |
|
381,040 |
|
|
381,040 |
|
||
|
Total borrowings |
|
381,040 |
|
|
381,040 |
|
||
|
Total Capitalization Equity (Deficit) |
$ |
(300,015 |
) |
$ |
6,658,197 |
|
||
____________
(1) Reflects the sale of Class A Ordinary Shares in this Offering (excluding any over-allotment Class A Ordinary Shares that may be sold pursuant to the over-allotment option) at an assumed initial public offering price of $5.00 per share (the mid-point of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus), and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts, non-accountable expense allowance, and other estimated offering expenses (including accountable expenses) payable by us. The pro forma as adjusted information is illustrative only, and we will adjust this information based on the actual initial public offering price and other terms of this Offering determined at pricing. Additional paid-in capital reflects the net proceeds we expect to receive, after deducting the underwriting discounts, non-accountable expense allowance, and other estimated offering expenses (including accountable expenses) payable by us. We estimate that such net proceeds will be approximately $6,577,169. The receipt of subscription receivables of $381,043 on an as adjusted basis from original shareholders on the time of listing.
(2) The number of our Ordinary Shares had been adjusted retrospectively to reflect the increasing of share capital. See “Description of Shares.”
If the underwriters’ over-allotment option to purchase additional shares from us was exercised in full, pro forma (i) Ordinary Shares (both Class A and Class B Ordinary Share) would be 17,178,000 shares, (ii) additional paid-in capital would be $7,993,865, (iii) total shareholders’ equity would be $7,004,114, and (iv) total capitalization would be $7,381,154. Assuming the over-allotment option is not exercised, each $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $5.00 per Class A Ordinary Share would increase (decrease) the pro forma as adjusted amount of total capitalization by $1,472,000, assuming that the number of Class A Ordinary Shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, and after deducting underwriting discounts, non-accountable expense allowance and estimated offering expenses (including accountable expenses) payable by us.
59
If you invest in our Class A Ordinary Shares, your interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price per Class A Ordinary Share and the pro forma net tangible book value per Ordinary Share after the offering. Dilution results from the fact that the Offering Price per Class A Ordinary Share is substantially in excess of the book value per Ordinary Share attributable to the existing shareholders for our presently outstanding Ordinary Shares. Our net tangible deficit attributable to shareholders as of September 30, 2024 was approximately $0.07 per Ordinary Share (both Class A and Class B Ordinary Share). Net tangible deficit per Ordinary Share as of September 30, 2024 represents the amount of total assets less deferred offering costs and total liabilities, divided by the number of total Ordinary Shares (both Class A and Class B Ordinary Share) outstanding.
We will have 14,938,000 Class A Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding upon completion of the offering or 15,178,000 Class A Ordinary Shares assuming the full exercise of over-allotment option. Our post offering pro forma net tangible book value, which gives effect to receipt of the net proceeds from the offering and issuance of additional shares in the offering, but does not take into consideration any other changes in our net tangible book value after September 30, 2024, will be approximately US$0.32 per Ordinary Share (both Class A and Class B Ordinary Share). This would result in dilution to investors in this Offering of approximately US$4.68 per Ordinary Share or approximately 93.6% from the assumed offering price of US$5.00 per Class A Ordinary Share. Net tangible book value per Ordinary Share would increase to the benefit of present shareholders by US$0.39 per share attributable to the purchase of the Class A Ordinary Shares by investors in this Offering.
The following table sets forth the estimated net tangible book value per Ordinary Share after the offering and the dilution to persons purchasing Class A Ordinary Shares based on the foregoing firm commitment offering assumptions. The number of our Ordinary Shares had been adjusted retrospectively to reflect the increasing of share capital. See “Description of Ordinary Shares” for more details.
|
Offering |
Offering |
|||||||
|
Assumed midpoint offering price per Class A Ordinary Share |
$ |
5.00 |
|
$ |
5.00 |
|
||
|
Net tangible deficit per Ordinary Share (both Class A and Class B Ordinary Share) before the offering |
$ |
(0.07 |
) |
$ |
(0.07 |
) |
||
|
Increase per Ordinary Share (both Class A and Class B Ordinary Share) attributable to payments by new investors after the offering |
$ |
0.39 |
|
$ |
0.45 |
|
||
|
Pro forma net tangible book value per Ordinary Share (both Class A and Class B Ordinary Share) after this offering |
$ |
0.32 |
|
$ |
0.38 |
|
||
|
Dilution per Ordinary Share to new investors |
$ |
4.68 |
|
$ |
3.62 |
|
||
Each $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $0.09 per Class A Ordinary Share would increase (decrease) our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of September 30, 2024 after this offering by approximately $0.41 per ordinary share (both Class A and Class B Ordinary Share), and would increase (decrease) dilution to new investors by $5.59 per Ordinary Share, assuming that the number of Class A Ordinary Shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, and after deducting the underwriting discounts and estimated offering expenses payable by us. The pro forma as adjusted information is illustrative only, and we will adjust this information based on the actual initial public offering price and other terms of this offering determined at pricing.
If the underwriters exercise the over-allotment option in full, the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per ordinary share (both Class A and Class B Ordinary Share) after the offering would be $0.10, the increase in net tangible book value per ordinary share (both Class A and Class B Ordinary Share) to existing shareholders would be $0.48, and the immediate dilution in net tangible book value per Ordinary Share to new investors in this offering would be $5.52.
60
The following table summarizes, on a pro forma as adjusted basis as of September 30, 2024, the differences between existing shareholders and the new investors with respect to the number of Ordinary Shares purchased from us, the total consideration paid and the average price per Ordinary Share before deducting the estimated commissions to the underwriters and the estimated offering expenses payable by us.
|
Over-allotment option |
|
Total consideration |
Average price |
|||||||||
|
Number |
Percent |
Amount |
Percent |
|||||||||
|
Existing shareholders |
15,338,000 |
90.55 |
% |
314,414 |
3.78 |
% |
0.02 |
|||||
|
New investors |
1,600,000 |
9.45 |
% |
8,000,000 |
96.22 |
% |
5.00 |
|||||
|
Total |
16,938,000 |
100.00 |
% |
8,314,414 |
100.00 |
% |
0.49 |
|||||
|
Over-allotment option |
|
Total consideration |
Average price |
|||||||||
|
Number |
Percent |
Amount |
Percent |
|||||||||
|
Existing shareholders |
15,338,000 |
89.29 |
% |
314,414 |
3.30 |
% |
0.02 |
|||||
|
New investors |
1,840,000 |
10.71 |
% |
9,200,000 |
96.70 |
% |
5.00 |
|||||
|
Total |
17,178,000 |
100.00 |
% |
9,514,414 |
100.00 |
% |
0.55 |
|||||
61
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Unless otherwise indicated, all share amounts and per share amounts in this prospectus have been presented giving effect to a forward split of our ordinary shares at a ratio of 1-for-1,500, as a result of which the Company’s authorized shares was changed to 75,000,000 shares with a par value of US$0.0001, divided as 60,000,000 class A ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.0001 per share (the “Class A Ordinary Shares”) and 15,000,000 class B ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.0001 per share (the “Class B Ordinary Shares”), approved by our board of directors on October 18, 2024.
This discussion and analysis and other parts of this prospectus contain forward-looking statements based upon current beliefs, plans and expectations that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results and the timing of selected events could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of several factors, including those set forth under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. You should carefully read the “Risk Factors” section of this prospectus to gain an understanding of the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements.
Overview
TCM is a comprehensive medical system that has been practiced in China and other parts of Asia for over two thousand years. It is based on the concept that the human body is a holistic ecosystem, integrating mind, essence, Qi, body fluids, and blood. The therapeutic mechanism in TCM focuses on achieving health by maintaining harmony and restoring internal balance within the body. TCM aims to promote disease prevention and enhance overall well-being and the body’s ability to self-heal. While it is built upon a foundation of thousands of years of empirical practice, there is a lack of extensive Western scientific studies validating its efficacy and safety.
TCM is widely applied in women’s health care, particularly in regulating the female menstrual cycle and treating various gynecological issues. Through methods such as herbal therapy, acupuncture, and TCM-based Tuina massage therapy, TCM can improve women’s reproductive health and overall constitution. Herbal therapy uses various herbal formulations to restore internal balance and is commonly used to address conditions such as irregular menstruation and dysmenorrhea. Acupuncture regulates the flow of Qi and blood by stimulating specific acupoints, which can relieve pain and balance the endocrine system. TCM-based Tuina massage therapy promotes blood circulation, relaxes muscles, and supports postpartum recovery.
We are a Hong Kong-based provider of comprehensive wellness and beauty care services rooted in TCM principles. Operating under the “Beauty Lab” brand, our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong offer a wide range of therapies and products through our four wellness centers in Hong Kong. Our services are designed to meet diverse health improvement needs, including alleviating premenstrual syndrome, menstrual irregularities, dysmenorrhea, leukorrhea, pelvic inflammatory disease, menopausal care, breast health, and other common women’s health issues. We believe that our TCM-inspired services can help balance the female endocrine system and improve women’s constitution and overall health. Additionally, the Operating Subsidiaries offer TCM-inspired therapy programs tailored to men.
Key factors affecting operating results
We believe the following key factors may affect our results of operations:
Economic conditions in Hong Kong
A substantial part of our operations is located in Hong Kong. Accordingly, our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations may be influenced to a significant degree by political, economic and social conditions in China generally and by continued economic growth in Hong Kong. Economic growth directly influences disposable income and consumer spending power. Any adverse changes, such as a slowdown in economic growth or pessimistic economic outlook, could reduce demand for our services and products. Hong Kong’s tourism industry has been recovering following the COVID-19 pandemic. Mainland Chinese tourists, in particular, have historically sought TCM-inspired services in Hong Kong due to its reputation for high-quality and authentic practices.
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Retention and growth of our existing customers
Our current business and long-term revenue growth rely on the retention and expansion of our existing customer base. We will provide various services to cater to market needs to maintain our capabilities to maximize customer satisfaction and retention. By consistently improving our services based on customer feedback, we aim to ensure high satisfaction, which is crucial for retaining and growing our customer base.
Acquisition of new customers
Expanding our customer base is critical to our continued revenue growth. We believe there is a substantial opportunity to further grow our customer base by continuing to make significant investments in sales, marketing and brand building. To strengthen our brand presence and attract new customers, we have implemented targeted marketing strategies, including search engine optimization (SEO), paid digital advertising, and data-driven campaign optimization. We continuously enhance our website and content to improve search engine rankings, increasing online visibility and reach. Additionally, we utilize paid advertising platforms, such as Google Ads and social media, to target relevant keywords, demographics, and consumer segments. By leveraging data analytics, we optimize our advertising efforts to improve conversion rates and efficiently reach our target audience. We believe these strategies will continue to support our ability to acquire new customers and achieve sustainable revenue growth in alignment with our business objectives.
Basis of Presentation
Our consolidated financial statements and unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and financial reporting requirements under the SEC rules. They include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. All transactions and balances among these entities have been eliminated upon consolidation.
In preparing our consolidated financial statements and unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements, our board of directors has given careful consideration to our future liquidity in light of the fact that our current liabilities exceeded our current assets as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, and the Company had a working capital deficit of US$2,281,970 and US$2,212,261 as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively. We had cash and cash equivalents of US$2,692,056 as of September 30, 2024. This circumstance gave rise to substantial doubt that the Company would continue as a going concern subsequent to September 30, 2024. We intend to meet the cash requirements for the next 12 months from the issuance date of the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements through operations and financial support from our Controlling Shareholder, financial institutions, and investors. We are continuing to focus on improving operational efficiency and cost reductions and enhancing efficiency. Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon obtaining the necessary financing or negotiating the terms of the existing short-term liabilities to meet our current and future liquidity needs. We are of the opinion that, taking into account the present available banking facilities and internal financial resources we have, we have sufficient working capital to meet in full our financial obligations as they fall due in the foreseeable future. Hence, the consolidated financial statements have been prepared on going concern basis.
Critical Accounting Policies, Judgments and Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets and liabilities as at the date of the consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting periods. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making the judgments about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the consolidated financial statements include allowance for expected credit losses, the useful lives of property and equipment, impairment assessment of long-lived assets and interest rate of lease and provision for income taxes and valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
We believe the following critical accounting policies reflect the more significant judgments and estimates we used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
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Accounts receivable, net
Accounts receivable mainly represent amounts due from financial institutions in which customers settled the payment by credit cards for the purchase of services of beauty, wellness and postpartum, and the accounts receivable derived from consultancy services, which are all recorded net of allowances for the Group’s expected credit losses. Credit card transactions are typically settled within two days. However, if customers opt for installment payments, settlement periods range from 30 to 60 days. The installment payments arrangement is strictly between the customer and the credit card issuer and does not involve the Company. Regardless of the installment terms agreed upon by the customer, the full transaction amount is remitted to the Company in a lump sum — within 30 days for American Express and 60 days for other credit cards, including UnionPay, Visa, and MasterCard — after the customer has authorized the payment. For consultancy services, the Group generally grants credit terms of 90 days to customers.
In evaluating the collectability of accounts receivable balances, the Company considers specific evidence including aging of the receivable, the client’s payment history, its current creditworthiness, current economic trends and future expectations and customer specific quantitative and qualitative factors that may affect our customers’ ability to pay. The Group regularly reviews the adequacy and appropriateness of the allowance for expected credit losses. Accounts receivables are written off after all collection efforts have ceased. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, no allowance for expected credit losses was recognized as there were no experiences on default from customers or failure of transfer from credit card center after payment authorization was made by customers and all outstanding accounts receivable as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 were subsequently settled before the report date.
Impairment for long-lived assets
Long-lived assets, representing property and equipment with finite lives, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances (such as a significant adverse change to market conditions that will impact the future use of the assets) indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. In evaluating long-lived assets for recoverability, the Company uses its best estimate of future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and eventual disposition in accordance with FASB ASC 360-10-15. To the extent that estimated future, undiscounted cash inflows attributable to the asset, less estimated future, undiscounted cash outflows, are less than the carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the difference between the carrying value of such asset and its fair value. Assets to be disposed of and for which there is a committed plan of disposal, whether through sale or abandonment, are reported at the lower of carrying value or fair value less costs to sell. If an impairment is identified, The Company would reduce the carrying amount of the asset to its estimated fair value based on a discounted cash flows approach or, when available and appropriate, to comparable market values. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, no impairment of long-lived assets was recognized.
Lease
The Company utilizes ASC 842 to account for leases for all periods presented. ASC 842 supersedes the lease requirements in ASC 840 “Leases” and generally requires lessees to recognize operating and finance lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets on the balance sheet and to provide enhanced disclosures surrounding the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leasing arrangements.
Operating lease
We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. On our balance sheet, our corporate office leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (ROU) assets, current portion of operating lease liability and operating lease liability, net of current portion.
ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term, reduced by lease incentives received, plus any initial direct costs, using the discount rate for the lease at the commencement date. If the implicit rate in lease is not readily determinable for our operating leases, we generally use the incremental borrowing rate based on the estimated rate of interest for collateralized borrowing over a similar term of the lease payments at commencement date. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We
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elected not to separate non-lease components from lease components; therefore, it will account for lease component and the non-lease components as a single lease component when there is only one vendor in the lease contract for the office leases. Lease payments are fixed.
Any lease with a term of 12 months or less is considered short-term. As permitted by ASC 842, short-term leases are excluded from the ROU assets and lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. Consistent with all other operating leases, short-term lease expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued a Q&A in March 2020 that focused on the application of lease guidance in ASC 842 for lease concessions related to the effects of COVID-19. The FASB staff has said that entities can elect to not evaluate whether concessions granted by lessors related to COVID-19 are lease modifications. Entities that make this election can then apply the lease modification guidance in ASC 842 or account for the concession as if it were contemplated as part of the existing contract. The Company has elected to not treat the concessions as lease modifications and will instead account for the lease concessions as if they were contemplated as part of the existing leases. The Company has recorded negative variable lease expense and adjusted lease liabilities at the point in which the rent concession has become accruable.
The Company evaluates the impairment of its right-of-use assets consistent with the approach applied for its other long-lived assets. The Company reviews the recoverability of its long-lived assets when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on its ability to recover the carrying value of the asset from the expected undiscounted future pre-tax cash flows of the related operations. The Company has elected to include the carrying amount of finance and operating lease liabilities in any tested asset group and include the associated lease payments in the undiscounted future pre-tax cash flows. For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Group did not have any impairment loss against its operating lease right-of-use assets.
Finance lease
On our balance sheet, finance lease represented the lease of equipment as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024. We classify a lease as a finance lease when the lease meets any of the following criteria at lease commencement:
• The lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to the lessee by the end of the lease term;
• The lease grants the lessee an option to purchase the underlying asset that the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise;
• The lease term is for the major part of the remaining economic life of the underlying asset;
• The present value of the sum of the lease payments and any residual value guaranteed by the lessee that is not already reflected in the lease payments in accordance with ASC 842 paragraph 842-10-30-5(f) equals or exceeds substantially all of the fair value of the underlying asset;
• The underlying asset is of such a specialized nature that it is expected to have no alternative use to the lessor at the end of the lease term.
Lease term includes rent holidays and options to extend or terminate the lease when we are reasonably certain that it will exercise that option. We do not recognize finance lease assets or lease liabilities for renewal periods unless it is determined that we are reasonably certain of renewing the lease at inception or when a triggering event occurs. The lease assets for finance leases consist of the amount of the measurement of the lease liabilities and any prepaid lease payments. The interest and amortization expense of finance lease are presented separately. Interest expense is determined using the effective interest method. Amortization expense is recorded on a straight-line basis of the finance lease assets. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.
For finance leases, lease expense is recognized as depreciation and interest; depreciation on a straight-line basis over the lease term and interest using the effective interest method.
Revenue recognition
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and subsequently issued additional related Accounting Standards Updates (collectively, “ASC 606”). The Company derives revenue principally from the provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum service, sales of products and consultancy
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services. The Company enters into agreements with customers that create enforceable rights and obligations and for which it is probable that the Company will collect the consideration to which it will be entitled as services transfer to the customer. It is customary practice for the Company to have written agreements with its customers and revenue on oral or implied arrangements is generally not recognized. The Company recognizes revenue based on the consideration specified in the applicable agreement.
Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized using the following five steps:
1. identify the contract(s) with a customer;
2. identify the performance obligations in the contract;
3. determine the transaction price;
4. allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and
5. recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.
The Company has elected to apply the practical expedient in paragraph ASC 606-10-50-14 and does not disclose information about remaining performance obligations that have original expected durations of one year or less.
The Company elected a practical expedient that it does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if the Company expects that, upon the inception of revenue contracts, the period between when the Company transfers its promised services or deliverables to its clients and when the clients pay for those services or deliverables will be one year or less.
As a practical expedient, the Company elected to expense the incremental costs of obtaining a contract when incurred if the amortization period of the asset that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less.
The core principle underlying ASC 606 is that the Company will recognize revenue to represent the transfer of services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in such exchange. This will require the Company to identify contractual performance obligations and determine whether revenue should be recognized at a point in time or over time, based on when control of services transfers to a customer.
The service offerings by the Company comprise the following:
(a) Beauty, wellness and postpartum service
Our beauty, wellness, and postpartum services include but are not limited to womb-warming therapy, BTS (Beauty, Tailor-made, Slim) pelvic detox therapy, agarwood moxibustion therapy, TCM-inspired prenatal massage, and Indonesian traditional abdominal binding. The Company enters into a distinct contract with its customers for the provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum services. Our customers are individuals. The customers can purchase various plans of different services based on their needs and choices. Pursuant to the contract, each type of service is not interrelated and is distinct as (i) customers are entitled to a series of appointments for the specific services purchased; and (ii) each service has its own price which is separately negotiable. For example, a customer can purchase Indonesian traditional abdominal binding for 15 times with HK$15,000 and TCM-inspired prenatal massage for 20 times with HK$22,000. Each of the two types of services was accounted separately when services are rendered separately. Each type of service is considered as a promise and a separate performance obligation. Hence, there will be more than one promise for each contract entered into between the Company and the customers. The contracts are generally non-cancellable and non-refundable in the event of cancellation. All services have an expiry date of one full year from the date of the purchase but exception was granted case-by-case which may have more than one year for expiry date but this situation is mere. If there is an extension of expiry date requested by customer, the customers are required to pay additional fee for the purchase of other plans or purchase additional number of times with the same plan. Each service is typically fixed priced with no variable consideration and does not provide any post-contract service. Customers are required to pay a fixed lump sum fee in advance for the purchase of either (i) a series of services offered by the Company for one year; or (ii) a designated service with fixed number of times within an one-year period. Payments can be settled by cash, Payme, Alipay, Octopus card, WeChat Pay, faster payment system or credit card. The fee was recognized as contract liability upon receipt and charged to revenue, net of any discounts, promotional and
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rebates, in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) once used by the customers and the amount of revenue to be recognized either on (i) the price of series of services used each time; or (ii) the times used for each plan in each appointment. The unit price for customers purchasing the plan based on number of times calculated on an effective basis, i.e. total lump sum fee paid by customers after considering the allocation of the discounts, promotional and rebates mentioned below divided by total number of times purchased including any free trials offered for the plan as stipulated in the contract. The discounts, promotional and rebates offered by the Company to customers which are vary and depend on the types of packages, the type of services and total lump sum amount for the services purchased each time when entering into contract with customer. All discounts, promotional and rebates agreed and net amount paid by the customers for the services were clearly stated on each contract before payment was made by the customers. Hence, the total consideration is not variable but fixed once entering into the contract. The entire discounts, promotional and rebates relate to all performance obligations in a contract, the Company will allocate the discount, promotional and rebates stated in the contract proportionately to all distinct performance obligations in the contract. The proportionate allocation of the discounts, promotional and rebates is a consequence of the Company allocating the transaction price to each performance obligation on the basis of the relative standalone selling prices of the underlying distinct services. The customers can renew/purchase additional times/plans upon or before the expiry of contract and any renewal and purchase by the same customer are considered a new contact separately since similar price is required to be paid by the customers as normal purchase. During the services, as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the relaxation services, the revenue is recognized over time. We also recognize revenue for breakage based on past experience that the prepaid amounts are not expected to be used upon expiry without any renewal.
(b) Sales of products
We also offer TCM-inspired supplements products, including (i) TCM-inspired supplements products, such as Beauty Lab home herbal uterine care patch, probiotic intimate wash, and Yin nourishing pill sets, designed to support uterine health, improve physical weakness, and balance endocrine functions for female customers; and (ii) beauty products, including ginseng soothing anti-allergy moisturizing wash, which provide comprehensive care for skin issues and scalp health. The Company derives its revenues from sales contracts with its customers with revenues being recognized at a point in time when the control of the products is transferred to its customer at the Company’s wellness centers. The revenue is recognized based on the price paid which is fixed and net of any discount upon delivery at the counter. The sales have no right of return, no warranty and are not refundable. Product delivery is evidenced by a payment receipt record. Payments can be settled by cash, Payme, Alipay, Octopus card, WeChat Pay, faster payment system or credit card.
(c) Consultancy services
In addition, we provide TCM-inspired therapy technical training and dietary therapy training and other consultancy services to other well-established and reputable beauty salons, massage centers, and similar entities. The Company enters into a distinct contract with its customers for the provision various services including (i) training for skills on promotion of reputation of their entities and dietary therapy services; and (ii) the attendance of our traditional Chinese medicine practitioners for services, with service period from three months to six months. Pursuant to the contracts between the Company and their customers, there are various promises in one contract and each promise is distinct and is not interrelated representing separate performance obligation. Fees charged for each performance obligation are different and based on the promises provided. The service fees for training sessions are fixed and stipulated in the contract while other services are not fixed but variable which depends on the actual number of working hours during dispatched period. The Company does not offer any credits or discounts, rebates, price concessions or other similar privileges to customers. Due to the nature of services, the Company does not permit refund to customers. Typically, customers are required to pay either in advance or within 90 days from invoicing. Services provided are evidenced by the attendance records signed by both the Company and the customers. These services are primarily recognized as revenues at point in time when services are provided.
Income taxes
BVI
We are incorporated in the BVI and is not subject to tax on income or capital gains under current BVI law. In addition, upon payments of dividends by these entities to their shareholders, no BVI withholding tax will be imposed.
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Hong Kong
Subsidiaries incorporated in Hong Kong are subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax on the taxable income as reported in their statutory financial statements adjusted in accordance with Hong Kong’s Inland Revenue Department Ordinance. The applicable tax rate is 16.5% in Hong Kong. Starting from the financial year commencing on April 1, 2018, the two-tiered profits tax regime took effect, under which the tax rate is 8.25% for assessable profits on the first HK$2 million and 16.5% for any assessable profits in excess of HK$2 million.
The Company accounts for income taxes pursuant to ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). Income taxes are provided on an asset and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. Any tax paid by subsidiaries during the year is recorded. Current tax is based on the profit or loss from ordinary activities adjusted for items that are non-assessable or disallowable for income tax purpose and is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. ASC 740 also requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the financial statements and the tax basis of assets and liabilities, and the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax losses and tax credit carry-forwards. ASC 740 additionally requires the establishment of a valuation allowance to reflect the likelihood of realization of deferred tax assets. Realization of deferred tax assets, including those related to the U.S. net operating loss carry-forwards, is dependent upon future earnings, if any, of which the timing and amount are uncertain.
An uncertain tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded. Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified as income tax expense in the period incurred.
Recently issued accounting pronouncements
See the discussion of the recent accounting pronouncements contained in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices”.
Results of Operations
Comparison of Six Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023
The following table sets forth a summary of our consolidated results of operations for the periods indicated.
|
For the six months ended |
||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
REVENUE |
||||
|
Beauty, wellness and postpartum services |
2,905,920 |
2,597,782 |
||
|
Sales of products |
52,588 |
43,721 |
||
|
TOTAL REVENUE |
2,958,508 |
2,641,503 |
||
|
OPERATING COST AND EXPENSES |
||||
|
Cost of sales of products |
6,292 |
4,749 |
||
|
Advertising and promotion expenses |
583,963 |
403,694 |
||
|
Staff costs and employee benefits |
895,988 |
917,848 |
||
|
Rental and building management expenses |
331,380 |
409,967 |
||
|
Professional expenses |
137,566 |
— |
||
|
Depreciation |
155,931 |
190,011 |
||
|
Bank charges |
103,094 |
83,599 |
||
|
Consumables |
65,080 |
37,714 |
||
|
Other general and administrative expenses |
124,365 |
150,235 |
||
|
TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSES |
2,403,659 |
2,197,817 |
||
|
INCOME FROM OPERATIONS |
554,849 |
443,686 |
||
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|
For the six months ended |
||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE) |
|
|
||||
|
Interest income |
28,320 |
|
14,957 |
|
||
|
Interest expense |
(11,280 |
) |
(13,775 |
) |
||
|
Other expense |
(13,971 |
) |
(929 |
) |
||
|
TOTAL OTHER INCOME, NET |
3,069 |
|
253 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX |
557,918 |
|
443,939 |
|
||
|
INCOME TAX EXPENSES |
89,101 |
|
66,288 |
|
||
|
NET INCOME |
468,817 |
|
377,651 |
|
||
Revenue
We generate revenue primarily from (i) provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum service, and (ii) sales of products. Total revenue increased by US$317,005 or 12.0%, from US$2,641,503 for six months ended September 30, 2023, to US$2,958,508 for the six months ended September 30, 2024. Such increase was mainly attributable to the increase in revenue generated from our provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum service by US$308,138 or 11.9%. Details of further explanation were discussed below.
The following table sets forth our revenue by sales categories for the periods indicated.
|
For the six months ended |
||||||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||||||
|
US$ |
% |
US$ |
% |
|||||||
|
Beauty, wellness and postpartum service |
2,905,920 |
98.2 |
% |
2,597,782 |
98.3 |
% |
||||
|
Sales of products |
52,588 |
1.8 |
% |
43,721 |
1.7 |
% |
||||
|
Total |
2,958,508 |
100.0 |
% |
2,641,503 |
100.0 |
% |
||||
Beauty, wellness and postpartum service
For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, revenue generated from our provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum services accounted for approximately 98.2% and 98.3% of our total revenue, respectively. Revenue from beauty, wellness and postpartum service increased by US$308,138 or 11.9% from US$2,597,782 for the six months ended September 30, 2023 to US$2,905,920 for the six months ended September 30, 2024, which was mainly driven by the increase in average customer spending. When comparing the two periods,
(i) Number of customers was 1,941 for the six months ended September 30, 2024, which generally remained in line with 1,939 customers served by the Company within the six months ended September 30, 2023.
(ii) Average customer spending increased by 11.7% from US$1,340 for the six months ended September 30, 2023 to US$1,497 for the six months ended September 30, 2024. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Hong Kong Government launched a Consumption Voucher Scheme to stimulate local consumption, under which consumption vouchers were distributed to eligible residents through designated e-payment platforms, such as Alipay, Octopus Card and WeChat Pay, with the amount of these vouchers ultimately borne by the Hong Kong Government. As a result, our customers increased their purchases of TCM-inspired services after receiving the consumption vouchers.
Sales of products
For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, revenue generated from sales of products accounted for approximately 1.8% and 1.7% of our total revenue, respectively. We sell TCM-inspired products to our customers as supplements to our services, including (i) TCM-inspired supplements, such as uterine care patches, probiotic intimate wash, and nourishing pill sets, designed to support uterine health, improve physical weakness, and balance endocrine functions for female customers; and (ii) beauty products, including time ginseng soothing anti-allergy moisturizing
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wash, which provide comprehensive care for skin issues, and scalp health to our customers. Revenue from sales of products increased by US$8,867 or 20.3% from US$43,721 for the six months ended September 30, 2023 to US$52,588 for the six months ended September 30, 2024, which was generally in line with the change in revenue from provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum services.
Operating cost and expenses
|
For the six months ended |
||||||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||||||
|
US$ |
% |
US$ |
% |
|||||||
|
Cost of sales of products |
6,292 |
0.3 |
% |
4,749 |
0.2 |
% |
||||
|
Advertising and promotion expenses |
583,963 |
24.3 |
% |
403,694 |
18.4 |
% |
||||
|
Staff costs and employee benefits |
895,988 |
37.3 |
% |
917,848 |
41.8 |
% |
||||
|
Rental and building management expenses |
331,380 |
13.8 |
% |
409,967 |
18.7 |
% |
||||
|
Professional expenses |
137,566 |
5.7 |
% |
— |
0.0 |
% |
||||
|
Depreciation |
155,931 |
6.4 |
% |
190,011 |
8.6 |
% |
||||
|
Bank charges |
103,094 |
4.3 |
% |
83,599 |
3.8 |
% |
||||
|
Consumables |
65,080 |
2.7 |
% |
37,714 |
1.7 |
% |
||||
|
Other general and administrative expenses |
124,365 |
5.2 |
% |
150,235 |
6.8 |
% |
||||
|
Total |
2,403,659 |
100.0 |
% |
2,197,817 |
100.0 |
% |
||||
Operating costs and expenses include the cost of sales of products, advertising and promotion expenses, staff cost and employee benefits, rental and building management expense, professional expenses, depreciation, bank charges and other general and administrative expenses for the daily operations of the Company. For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, total operating cost and expenses amounted to US$2,403,659 and US$2,197,817, respectively. The increase in operating expenses by US$205,842 or 9.4% was primarily caused by:
The increase in advertising and promotion expenses by US$180,269 or 44.7%, from US$403,694 for the six months ended September 30, 2023 to US$583,963 for the six months ended September 30, 2024, was mainly due to higher expenditure on advertisement across various platforms and social medias to promote the Company’s brand awareness.
The increase in professional expenses by US$137,566, from nil for the six months ended September 30, 2023 to US$137,566 for the six months ended September 30, 2024, was mainly due to audit fees related to this offering paid by the Company within the current period.
The increase in consumables by US$27,366 or 72.6%, from US$37,714 for the six months ended September 30, 2023 to US$65,080 for the six months ended September 30, 2024, was mainly due to increase in revenue from the provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum services.
While partially offset by:
The decrease in rental and building management expenses by US$78,587 or 19.2%, from US$409,967 for the six months ended September 30, 2023 to US$331,380 for the six months ended September 30, 2024, was mainly due to the termination of a lease with monthly payment of HKD125,000 (US$16,008). As a cost saving measure, the Company elected to close the store located in Central, Hong Kong upon the expiration of its lease on April 4, 2024.
The decrease in depreciation by US$34,080 or 17.9%, from US$190,011 for the six months ended September 30, 2023 to US$155,931 for the six months ended September 30, 2024, was mainly because leasehold improvements of two stores became fully depreciated during the six months ended September 30, 2024.
The decrease in other general and administrative expenses by US$25,870 or 17.2% from US$150,235 for the six months ended September 30, 2023 to US$124,365 for the six months ended September 30, 2024, was mainly because we incurred less training fees as our therapists and TCM practitioners became more proficient and experienced.
70
The decrease in staff costs and employee benefits by US$21,860 or 2.4%, from US$917,848 for the six months ended September 30, 2023 to US$895,988 for the six months ended September 30, 2024, was mainly due to less commissions paid to employees. In addition to monthly base salary, certain employees are eligible for commission paid on a monthly basis. Pursuant to the Company’s policy, commission for each eligible employee shall range from 2% to 8% of the total contract prices received by the Company from customers within the month. In terms of our beauty, wellness and postpartum service, the contract price is generally paid in full upon signing, while revenue is recognized over the service period. Accordingly, for each service contract signed, commissions are generally paid to our employees earlier than the corresponding revenue is recognized. Since the base for commissions (i.e. additions to contract liabilities, see Note 7 to our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements) decreased from US$2,656,088 for the six months ended September 30, 2023 to US$2,615,338 for the six months ended September 30, 2024, we reduced commissions accordingly.
Other income (expenses), net
Other income (expenses) consisted of interest income, interest expense and other income/expenses. It resulted in other income, net of US$3,069 for the six months ended September 30, 2024, compared to other income, net of $253 for the six months ended September 30, 2023. The change in other income, net was not considered significant to our results of operations for the two interim periods presented.
Income tax expenses
We are subject to income tax on an entity basis on profit arising in or derived from the jurisdiction in which members of our Group domicile or operate.
BVI
Charming Medical Limited and Beautylab Group Medical Limited are incorporated in the BVI and are not subject to tax on income or capital gains under current BVI law. In addition, upon payments of dividends by these entities to their shareholders, no BVI withholding tax will be imposed.
Hong Kong
Pilate International Trading Limited, My Beauty Technology Limited, Dream International Trading (Hong Kong) Limited and Choliya Limited are incorporated in Hong Kong and each is subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax on the taxable income as reported in its statutory financial statements adjusted in accordance with relevant Hong Kong tax laws. The applicable tax rate is 16.5% in Hong Kong. From year of assessment of 2019/2020 onwards, Hong Kong profits tax rates are 8.25% on assessable profits up to HK$2,000,000 (approximately US$255,470), and 16.5% on any part of assessable profits over HK$2,000,000 (approximately US$255,470). Under Hong Kong tax law, the above-mentioned Hong Kong company is exempted from income tax on its foreign-derived income and there are no withholding taxes in Hong Kong on remittance of dividends.
Our income tax expenses increased by US$22,813, or 34.4%, from US$66,288 for six months ended September 30, 2023 to US$89,101 for six months ended September 30, 2024, which was jointly impacted by (i) increase in income before income tax by US$113,979 or 25.7% from US$443,939 for the six months ended September 30, 2023 to US$557,918 for six months ended September 30, 2024; and (ii) increase in effective tax rate from 14.9% for the six months ended September 30, 2023 to 16.0% for the six months ended September 30, 2024. The increase in effective tax rate was mainly due to increased management expenses incurred by the Company which was non-deductible due to no income tax in BVI.
Net income
As a result of the foregoing, our net income increased by US$91,166 or 24.1% from US$377,651 for six months ended September 30, 2023 to US$468,817 for six months ended September 30, 2024.
71
Comparison of Year Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023
The following table sets forth a summary of our consolidated results of operations for the periods indicated.
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
REVENUES |
|
|
||||
|
Beauty, wellness and postpartum services |
5,813,814 |
|
3,451,955 |
|
||
|
Sales of products |
88,992 |
|
78,867 |
|
||
|
Consultancy services |
112,569 |
|
— |
|
||
|
TOTAL REVENUES |
6,015,375 |
|
3,530,822 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
OPERATING COST AND EXPENSES |
|
|
||||
|
Cost of sales of products |
11,294 |
|
17,355 |
|
||
|
Advertising and promotion expenses |
859,473 |
|
664,882 |
|
||
|
Staff costs and employee benefits |
1,930,900 |
|
1,989,518 |
|
||
|
Rental and building management expenses |
848,691 |
|
647,617 |
|
||
|
Professional expenses |
260,224 |
|
9,440 |
|
||
|
Depreciation |
391,704 |
|
211,078 |
|
||
|
Bank charges |
163,710 |
|
142,311 |
|
||
|
Consumables |
159,195 |
|
30,067 |
|
||
|
Others general and administrative expenses |
381,336 |
|
339,890 |
|
||
|
TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSES |
5,006,527 |
|
4,052,158 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS |
1,008,848 |
|
(521,336 |
) |
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE) |
|
|
||||
|
Interest income |
19,513 |
|
10,288 |
|
||
|
Interest expense |
(26,051 |
) |
(20,259 |
) |
||
|
Government subsidies |
1,398 |
|
91,527 |
|
||
|
Other (expense) income |
(214 |
) |
19,312 |
|
||
|
TOTAL OTHER (EXPENSE) INCOME, NET |
(5,354 |
) |
100,868 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAX |
1,003,494 |
|
(420,468 |
) |
||
|
INCOME TAX EXPENSES (CREDIT) |
181,751 |
|
(84,863 |
) |
||
|
NET INCOME (LOSS) |
821,743 |
|
(335,605 |
) |
||
Revenue
We generate revenue primarily from (i) provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum service, and (ii) sales of products and to a lesser degree (iii) provision of consultancy services. Total revenues increased by US$2,484,553 or 70.4%, from US$3,530,822 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, to US$6,015,375 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024. Such increase was mainly attributable to the increase in revenue generated from our provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum service by US$2,361,859 or 68.4% and increase in revenue generated from our provision of consultancy services by US$112,569 from Nil in fiscal year 2023. Details of further explanation were discussed below.
The following table sets forth our revenue by sales categories for the periods indicated.
|
Years ended March 31, |
||||||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||||||
|
US$ |
% |
US$ |
% |
|||||||
|
Beauty, wellness and postpartum service |
5,813,814 |
96.6 |
% |
3,451,955 |
97.8 |
% |
||||
|
Sales of products |
88,992 |
1.5 |
% |
78,867 |
2.2 |
% |
||||
|
Consultancy services |
112,569 |
1.9 |
% |
— |
— |
% |
||||
|
Total |
6,015,375 |
100.0 |
% |
3,530,822 |
100.0 |
% |
||||
72
Beauty, wellness and postpartum service
For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, revenue generated from our provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum service accounted for approximately 96.6% and 97.8% of our total revenues, respectively. Revenue from beauty, wellness and postpartum service increased by US$2,361,859 or 68.4% from US$3,451,955 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 to US$5,813,814 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, which was jointly driven by
(i) An increase in the number of customers by 20% from 2,575 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 to 3,090 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024: in order to enhance our brand awareness and to acquire new customers, we have spent more on advertising and promotion activities in FY2024 when compared with FY2023 (please refer to analyses in “Operating cost and expenses” section below). Thus, we have acquired 2,200 new customers through advertising in FY2024, comparing with 1,220 new customers acquired through advertising in FY2023; and
(ii) An increase in average customer spending from US$1,341 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 to US$1,881 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024: in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Hong Kong Government launched a Consumption Voucher Scheme to stimulate local consumption, under which consumption vouchers were distributed to eligible residents through designated e-payment platforms, such as Alipay, Octopus Card and WeChat Pay, with the amount of these vouchers ultimately borne by the Hong Kong Government. As a result, our customers increased their purchases of TCM-inspired services after receiving the consumption vouchers.
Sales of products
For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, revenue generated from sales of products accounted for approximately 1.5% and 2.2% of our total revenues, respectively. We sell TCM-inspired supplements products, including (i) TCM-inspired supplements products, such as uterine care patches, probiotic intimate wash, and nourishing pill sets, designed to support uterine health, improve physical weakness, and balance endocrine functions for female customers; and (ii) beauty products, including time ginseng soothing anti-allergy moisturizing wash, which provide comprehensive care for skin issues, and scalp health to our customers. The increase in the revenues from sales of products by US$10,125 or 12.8% from US$78,867 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 to US$88,992 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 was primarily due to (i) increased brand awareness, driven by higher expenditures on advertising and promotional activities; and (ii) the launch of our new TCM-inspired supplements products, such as probiotic intimate wash, during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024.
Consultancy services
For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, revenue generated from the provision of consultancy services accounted for approximately 1.9% and nil of our total revenues, respectively. As the Company’s business grew during the COVID-19 pandemic, we were approached to offer a variety of advisory services. These included training courses on promotional skills and providing courses offered by our traditional Chinese medicine practitioners to assist corporate clients in similar industries, helping them maintain normal operations during the economic downturn. The revenues from the provision of consultancy services increased by US$112,569, from US$0 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 to US$112,569 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024.
Operating cost and expenses
|
Years ended March 31, |
||||||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||||||
|
US$ |
% |
US$ |
% |
|||||||
|
Cost of sales of products |
11,294 |
0.2 |
% |
17,355 |
0.4 |
% |
||||
|
Advertising and promotion expenses |
859,473 |
17.2 |
% |
664,882 |
16.4 |
% |
||||
|
Staff costs and employee benefits |
1,930,900 |
38.6 |
% |
1,989,518 |
49.1 |
% |
||||
|
Rental and building management expenses |
848,691 |
17.0 |
% |
647,617 |
16.0 |
% |
||||
|
Professional fees |
260,224 |
5.2 |
% |
9,440 |
0.2 |
% |
||||
|
Depreciation |
391,704 |
7.8 |
% |
211,078 |
5.2 |
% |
||||
|
Bank charges |
163,710 |
3.2 |
% |
142,311 |
3.5 |
% |
||||
|
Consumables |
159,195 |
3.2 |
% |
30,067 |
0.7 |
% |
||||
|
Other general and administrative expenses |
381,336 |
7.6 |
% |
339,890 |
8.5 |
% |
||||
|
Total |
5,006,527 |
100.0 |
% |
4,052,158 |
100.0 |
% |
||||
73
Operating costs and expenses include the cost of sales of products, advertising and promotion expenses, staff cost and employee benefits, rental and building management expense, professional fees, depreciation and other general and administrative expenses for the daily operations of the Company. For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the total operating cost and expenses were US$5,006,527 and $4,052,158, respectively. The increase in operating expenses by US$954,369 or 23.6% was primarily due to increases across almost all operating cost categories during the current year as discussed below.
The increase in advertising and promotion expenses by US$194,591 or 29.3%, from US$664,882 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 to US$859,473 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, was mainly due to higher expenditure on advertisement across various platforms and social media to promote the Company’s brand and services. The increase in rental and building management expenses by US$201,074 or 31.0%, from US$647,617 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 to US$848,691 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, was mainly due to a new lease entered into in July 2022 for the new store to support business expansion, and two new leases entered into in October 2022 and November 2022, respectively, for the relocation to larger premises for the purpose of meeting the growing demand for services. As a result, the full year rental expenses were reflected in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, while the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 only included a partial effect from the new leases. The increase in professional fees by US$250,784 or 2,656.6%, from US$9,440 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 to US$260,224 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, was mainly due to an increase in audit fee of US$250,000 related to this offering. The increase in depreciation was mainly attributable to the leasehold improvement related to the new leases mentioned above, with the full year effect reflected in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024. The increase in consumables by US$129,128 or 429%, from US$30,067 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 to US$159,195 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, was mainly due to an increase in revenue from the provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum services.
Staff costs and employee benefits in operating expenses consist of salaries and related expenses for our employees, including management, therapists, TCM practitioners and operating and administrative personnel for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. In addition to monthly base salary, certain employees are eligible for commission paid on a monthly basis. Pursuant to the Company’s policy, commission for each eligible employee shall range from 2% to 8% of the total contract prices received by the Company from customers within the month. In terms of our beauty, wellness and postpartum service, the contract price is generally paid in full upon signing, while revenue is recognized over the service period. Accordingly, for each service contract signed, commissions are generally paid to our employees earlier than the corresponding revenue is recognized. Due to the timing difference, our staff costs and employee benefits decreased by US$58,618 or 2.9%, from US$1,989,518 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 to US$1,930,900 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, as the base for our commission (i.e. additions to contract liabilities, see Note 7 to our consolidated financial statements) decreased from US$6,266,654 in fiscal 2023 to US$4,778,914 in fiscal 2024, while partially offset by the increase in commission rate from 2%–3% to 4%–6% for a few particular personnel as a reward to their high performance.
Other (expenses) income, net
Other income (expenses) consisted of interest income, interest expense, government subsidies and other income/expenses. It resulted in other expenses of US$5,354 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, compared to other income of $100,868 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023. The change was mainly due to the decrease in government subsidies received, including the Employment Support Scheme (“ESS”) under the Anti-epidemic Fund from the Hong Kong government, government subsidies from Technology Voucher Program (“TVP”) launched by the Hong Kong Productivity Council, and the Subsidy Scheme for Beauty Parlours, Massage Establishments and Party Rooms 2022 mentioned in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements. This decrease amounted to US$90,129 or 98.5%, from US$91,527 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 to US$1,398 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024.
Income tax expenses (credit)
We are subject to income tax on an entity basis on profit arising in or derived from the jurisdiction in which members of our Group domicile or operate.
74
BVI
Charming Medical Limited and Beautylab Group Medical Limited are incorporated in the BVI and are not subject to tax on income or capital gains under current BVI law. In addition, upon payments of dividends by these entities to their shareholders, no BVI withholding tax will be imposed.
Hong Kong
Pilate International Trading Limited, My Beauty Technology Limited, Dream International Trading (Hong Kong) Limited and Choliya Limited are incorporated in Hong Kong and each is subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax on the taxable income as reported in its statutory financial statements adjusted in accordance with relevant Hong Kong tax laws. The applicable tax rate is 16.5% in Hong Kong. From year of assessment of 2019/2020 onwards, Hong Kong profits tax rates are 8.25% on assessable profits up to HK$2,000,000 (approximately US$255,470), and 16.5% on any part of assessable profits over HK$2,000,000 (approximately US$255,470). Under Hong Kong tax law, the above-mentioned Hong Kong company is exempted from income tax on its foreign-derived income and there are no withholding taxes in Hong Kong on remittance of dividends.
Our income tax expenses increased by approximately US$266,614, or 314.2%, from income tax credit of US$84,863 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 to income tax expenses of US$181,751 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to (i) an increase in the net income before tax by US$1,423,962 or 338.7% from loss before income tax of US$420,468 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 to income before income tax of US$1,003,494 for year ended March 31, 2024 resulting in full utilization of the net operating losses brought forward of US$122,226 in the current year; and (ii) an increase in deferred tax expenses of US$147,340 derived from the difference of depreciation of property and equipment. Our effective tax rates were 18.1% and 20.2% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The effective tax rates in both years are higher than the standard rate of 16.5 % for Hong Kong was mainly due to the permanent difference of audit fee of US$250,000 incurred for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 by the Company which was non-deductible due to no income tax in BVI and of non-taxable government subsidies for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023.
Net income
As a result of the foregoing, our net income increased by US$1,157,348 or 344.9% from net loss of US$335,605 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 to net income of US$821,743 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024.
Liquidity and Capital Resources and Going Concern
Our audited financial statements for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 contain an explanatory paragraph regarding substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern based upon our working capital deficits as of March 31, 2024 and 2023. As described in our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the six months ended September 30, 2024, the substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern continued to exist as of September 30, 2024 and the date of this prospectus. The Company had a working capital deficit of US$2,281,970 and US$2,212,261 as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively. These circumstances gave rise to substantial doubt that the Company would continue as a going concern subsequent to September 30, 2024. The Company had US$2,692,056 cash and cash equivalents as of September 30, 2024.
We intend to meet the cash requirements for the next 12 months from the issuance date of the consolidated financial statements through operations and financial support from our Controlling Shareholder, financial institutions, and investors. Currently, we are obtaining additional financing and negotiating the terms of the existing short-term liabilities. In addition, our Controlling Shareholder, Ms. Kit Wong, has made pledges to provide continuous financial support to the Company for at least the next 12 months from the issuance of the Company’s unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements. On the other hand, we are continuously working to improve operational efficiency, reduce costs, and enhance overall efficiency. We have achieved a net income of US$468,817 for the six months ended September 30, 2024, which shows an improvement in our profitability when comparing to the net income of US$377,651 for the six months ended September 30, 2023. Therefore, we consider we are able to continue as a going concern to meet our liquidity needs for the next 12 months. As such, we believe our ability to continue as a going concern is not contingent upon obtaining funding from sales of our securities in this Offering. Despite our efforts to obtain additional funding and reduce operating costs, there is no assurance that our plans and actions will be successful. Therefore, there is a substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, and that it may
75
be unable to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. Our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and liquidation of liabilities during the normal course of operations.
This going concern opinion could materially limit our ability to raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or debt securities or otherwise. We cannot be certain that additional funding will be available to us on acceptable terms, if at all. If we become unable to continue as a going concern, we may have to liquidate our assets, and the value we receive for our assets in liquidation or dissolution could be significantly lower than the values reflected in our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements. Our potential inability to continue as a going concern may materially and adversely affect the price of our shares and our ability to raise new capital or to continue our operations. See “Notes to the Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices — Going Concern” on page F-21.
The following table sets forth a breakdown of our current assets and liabilities as of the dates indicated.
|
As of |
As of |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
ASSETS |
|
|
||||
|
Current assets: |
|
|
||||
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
2,692,056 |
|
2,103,655 |
|
||
|
Accounts receivable, net |
391,792 |
|
351,614 |
|
||
|
Deposits, prepayments and other receivables, net |
122,611 |
|
298,951 |
|
||
|
Inventories |
34,150 |
|
28,151 |
|
||
|
Amount due from a director |
73,523 |
|
885,056 |
|
||
|
Total current assets |
3,314,132 |
|
3,667,427 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
Current liabilities: |
|
|
||||
|
Trade payables, accruals and other payables |
346,998 |
|
451,150 |
|
||
|
Contract liabilities |
4,184,013 |
|
4,496,155 |
|
||
|
Bank borrowings |
381,040 |
|
442,612 |
|
||
|
Operating lease liabilities |
500,807 |
|
356,081 |
|
||
|
Finance lease liabilities |
13,254 |
|
14,436 |
|
||
|
Tax payables |
169,990 |
|
119,254 |
|
||
|
Total current liabilities |
5,596,102 |
|
5,879,688 |
|
||
|
Net working capital deficit |
(2,281,970 |
) |
(2,212,261 |
) |
||
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash represent cash at bank and short-term time deposit and are unrestricted as to withdrawal or use. Cash equivalents include certificates of deposit with original maturities less than three months. The Group maintains bank accounts in Hong Kong. The Company believes that it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents.
Accounts receivable and allowance for expected credit losses
The Company has established credit policies with the objective to minimize their exposure to credit risk. The Company’s accounts receivable are short-term in nature and the associated risk is minimal. In evaluating the collectability of accounts receivable balances, the Company considers specific evidence including aging of the receivable, the client’s payment history, its current creditworthiness, current economic trends and future expectations and customer specific quantitative and qualitative factors that may affect our customers’ ability to pay. The Group regularly reviews the adequacy and appropriateness of the allowance for expected credit losses. Accounts receivables are written off after all collection efforts have ceased. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, no allowance for expected credit losses was recognized as there were no experiences on default from customers or failure of transfer from credit card center after payment authorization was made by customers and all outstanding accounts receivable as of September 30, 2024
76
and March 31, 2024 were subsequently settled before the report date. Our accounts receivable balance increased by US$40,178, or 11.4%, from US$351,614 as of March 31, 2024 to US$391,792 as of September 30, 2024. The increase was generally in line with the increase in revenue.
Deposits, prepayments and other receivables, net
Deposits, prepayments and other receivables consist of utility and rental deposits paid and cash prepaid to suppliers for computer maintenance service and client records. Deposits paid, prepaid rent and cash prepaid to suppliers are classified as either current or non-current based on the terms of the respective agreements. These advances are unsecured and reviewed periodically to determine whether their carrying value has become impaired. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, management believes that the Company’s deposits, prepayments and other receivables were not impaired. Our deposits, prepayments and other receivable decreased by US$176,340 or 59.0% from US$298,951 as of March 31, 2024 to US$122,611 as of September 30, 2024 was mainly due to the renewal of certain leases in stores with a term of more than one year in which the respective deposits were reclassified to non-current portion.
Inventories
Inventories are composed of supplement products, which are stated at cost, on a weighted average basis, and does not exceed net realizable value. Our inventories increased by $5,999 or 21.3% from $28,151 as of March 31, 2024 to $34,150 as of September 30, 2024, as the Company’s business grew.
Amount due from a director
|
Name |
Relationship |
As of |
As of |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
Ms. Kit Wong |
Chairwoman, Director and Controlling Shareholder |
73,523 |
885,056 |
|||
|
73,523 |
885,056 |
The balances represented funds transferred to Ms. Kit Wong, the chairwoman, director and Controlling Shareholder of the Company, for the payment made on behalf of the Company’s for the purchase of inventories and consumables and the receipt of service fees on behalf of the Company’s from payment platforms, including Payme, Alipay and Faster Payment System, and fund transfer for daily operations. The balances as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 with the director were unsecured, interest-free, had no specific repayment terms, and were non-trade in nature. As of the date of this prospectus, the balance of amount due from Ms. Kit Wong as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 had been fully settled or collected.
During fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the director received service fees from customers on behalf of the Company when the customers chose the settlement method of Alipay, Payme, WeChat Pay and Faster Payment System (FPS) since the Company did not have these payment methods under the Company’s name. Subsequently, the Company has completed the registration of these payment methods under the Company’s name as of March 30, 2025.
Trade payables, accruals and other payables
Trade payables, accruals and other payables consist of payable to vendors, accrued staff costs and employee benefits, accrued professional fees and other accrued expense and payables. Our trade payables, accruals and other payables decreased by US$104,152, or 23.1% from US$451,150 as of March 31, 2024 to US$346,998 as of September 30, 2024. The decrease was mainly because the Company has paid off the accrued audit fee for the purpose of this Offering during the six months period ended September 30, 2024.
Contract liabilities
Contract liabilities are recorded when consideration is received from a customer prior to transferring the services to the customer or other conditions under the terms of a service contract. These payments are non-refundable and are recognized as revenue when either our performance obligation is satisfied or upon expiry of the subscription plan for the services. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, the Company recorded contract liabilities of US$4,184,013 and US$4,496,155, respectively. The decrease in our contract liabilities by US$312,142 or 6.9% was due to the recognition of US$2,958,508 revenue from contract liabilities for completion of performance obligations and partially offset by the receipt of US$2,615,338 contract prices during the six months ended September 30, 2024.
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Bank borrowings
All bank borrowings were for working capital purpose and classified as short term due to repayment on demand clauses attached on the borrowings. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, bank borrowings were approximately US$381,040 and US$442,612, respectively, which generally remains in line.
Operating lease liabilities
Our operating lease liabilities represented the current position of our non-cancellable lease agreement of our corporate office and stores in Hong Kong, and were reduced by amortization charge and lease payments were made, respectively.
Finance lease liabilities
Our finance lease liabilities represented the current position of our non-cancellable lease agreement of our motor vehicle acquired in Hong Kong for business purpose under a finance lease.
Tax payables
Our tax payables consisted of income tax payables of our operating subsidiaries in Hong Kong.
Our income tax payables increased by US$50,736 from US$119,254 as of March 31, 2024 to US$169,990 as of September 30, 2024, primarily due to the increase in income before income tax.
Cash Flows Analysis
The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the interim periods indicated.
|
For the six months ended |
||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
Net cash provided by operating activities |
332,474 |
|
442,794 |
|
||
|
Net cash used in investing activities |
(170,284 |
) |
(206,000 |
) |
||
|
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
436,228 |
|
(1,003,151 |
) |
||
|
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents |
598,418 |
|
(766,357 |
) |
||
|
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the period |
2,103,655 |
|
1,929,192 |
|
||
|
Net foreign exchange differences |
(10,017 |
) |
14,741 |
|
||
|
Cash and cash equivalents, end of the period |
2,692,056 |
|
1,177,576 |
|
||
Operating Activities
For the six months ended September 30, 2024, net cash provided by operating activities was US$332,474, primarily due to the net income of US$468,817 for the period, as adjusted for non-cash items and changes in operating assets and liabilities. Adjustments for non-cash items mainly included depreciation of US$155,931 and deferred income taxes of US$38,544. Changes in operating assets and liabilities mainly included (i) a decrease of US$312,142 in contract liabilities due to less contract prices received than revenue recognized within the period; and (ii) a decrease in trade payables, accruals and other payables by US$104,152 as the Company paid off certain audit fees in the current period.
For the six months ended September 30, 2023, net cash provided by operating activities was US$442,794, primarily due to the net income of US$377,651 for the period, as adjusted for non-cash items and changes in operating assets and liabilities. Adjustments for non-cash items mainly included depreciation of US$190,011 and deferred income taxes of US$41,132. Changes in operating assets and liabilities mainly included (i) an increase in accounts receivable by US$43,628 as our revenue increased; and (ii) a decrease of income tax payables by US$102,758, since the Company had less current tax liabilities in the period as our operating subsidiaries utilized net operating losses from the prior years.
Investing Activities
For the six months ended September 30, 2024, net cash used in investing activities was US$170,284 which was due to the purchase of property and equipment.
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For the six months ended September 30, 2023, net cash used in investing activities was US$206,000 which was due to the purchase of property and equipment.
Financing Activities
For the six months ended September 30, 2024, net cash generated from financing activities was US$436,228, which was caused by (i) collection of US$1,040,921 from a director; (ii) US$86,370 proceeds from a finance lease; while partially offset by (iii) US$399,338 paid for deferred offering costs; (iv) US$62,337 repayments of bank borrowings, and (v) US$229,388 advance to a director.
For the six months ended September 30, 2023, net cash used in financing activities was US$1,003,151, which was primarily caused by (i) advance a director of US$1,100,372; (ii) US$80,730 repayments of bank borrowings; while partially offset by (ii) US$72,537 proceeds from bank borrowings; and (iii) collection of US$105,414 from a director.
The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the fiscal years indicated.
|
Year ended March 31, |
||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
Net cash provided by operating activities |
295,429 |
|
2,433,803 |
|
||
|
Net cash used in investing activities |
(210,598 |
) |
(606,194 |
) |
||
|
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
100,145 |
|
(1,430,278 |
) |
||
|
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents |
184,976 |
|
397,331 |
|
||
|
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year |
1,929,192 |
|
1,526,204 |
|
||
|
Net foreign exchange differences |
(10,513 |
) |
5,657 |
|
||
|
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year |
2,103,655 |
|
1,929,192 |
|
||
Operating Activities
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, net cash generated from operating activities of US$295,429 primarily due to the net income of US$821,743 for the current year, as adjusted for non-cash items and changes in other operating assets and liabilities activities. Adjustments for non-cash items consisted of depreciation US$391,704 and reduced by non-cash portion of operating of US$37,446. Changes in operating assets and liabilities mainly included (i) an increase of accounts payables, accruals and other payables of US$210,275 mainly due to increase in the accrued audit fee of US$250,000 for this Initial Public Offering purpose and partially offset by the payment of other accrued expenses and payables during year ended March 31, 2024; and (ii) an increase in tax payable of US$119,254 due to increase in the net income before income tax by US$1,423,962 or 338.7% from loss before income tax of US$420,468 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 to income before income tax of US$1,003,494 for year ended March 31, 2024; which are partially offset by (iii) the decrease in contract liabilities of US$1,106,517 as we have rendered more services to the customers during the year resulted in reversing the contract liabilities to revenue; and (iv) an increase in account receivables of US$164,976 due to 90 credit terms being granted to the corporate customers for provision of consultancy service for strengthen relationships with those corporate customers and lead to increased customer loyalty and purchase the service extensively.
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, net cash generated from operating activities of US$2,433,803 is primarily due to the net loss of US$335,605 for the year, as adjusted for non-cash items and changes in other operating assets and liabilities activities. Adjustments for non-cash items consisted of depreciation of US$211,078 and non-cash portion of operating lease expense of US$60,898. Changes in operating assets and liabilities mainly included (i) an increase in contract liabilities of US$2,725,614 as we have received services fee from customers outweighed the services rendered during the year; (ii) an increase in trade payables, accruals and other payables of US$180,403 due to increase in accrual for salaries for March 2023 which was subsequently settled in early of April 2023; and (iii) an increase in deposits, other receivables and prepayments of US$113,831 due to increase in rental deposit of US$104,600 resulted from the relocation of one of our shops, My Beauty, from November 2022 with larger area and higher monthly rent; which are partially offset by (i) an increase in account receivables of US$154,018 due to increase in settlement by credit card for the revenue recognized during the year; (ii) an increase in deferred tax assets of US$84,863 due to net operating losses during the year for several operating subsidiaries in Hong Kong; and (ii) an increase in inventories of US$55,873 due to the upcoming demand for the services and the expected increase in product sales in the coming year.
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Investing Activities
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, net cash used in investing activities was US$210,598 which was primarily due to the purchase of property and equipment.
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, net cash used in investing activities was US$606,194 which was primarily due to the purchase of property and equipment.
Financing Activities
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, net cash generated from financing activities was US$100,145, which was primarily driven by (i) repayment of bank borrowings of US$148,881; and (ii) advance to a director of US$1,294,076; which was offset by repayment from a director of US$1,536,906.
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, net cash used in financing activities was US$1,430,278, which was primarily driven by (i) repayment of bank borrowings of US$177,919; and (ii) advance to a director of US$1,844,598; which was partially offset by repayment from a director of US$592,239.
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have no off-balance sheet arrangements, including arrangements that would affect its liquidity, capital resources, market risk support, and credit risk support or other benefits.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk
Credit risk
The Company’s assets that are potentially subject to a significant concentration of credit risk primarily consist of bank balances and accounts receivable.
Bank balances
The Company believes that there is no significant credit risk associated with cash in Hong Kong, which were held by reputable financial institutions in the jurisdiction where the Company and its subsidiaries are located. The Hong Kong Deposit Protection Board pays compensation up to a limit of approximately US$64,356 if the bank with which an individual/a company hold its eligible deposit fails. As of September 30, 2024, cash balance of US$2,689,949 was maintained at financial institutions in Hong Kong and approximately US$389,910 was insured by the Hong Kong Deposit Protection Board.
Accounts receivable
The Company has designed credit policies with an objective to minimize their exposure to credit risk. The Company’s accounts receivable are short term in nature and the associated risk is minimal. The Company conducts credit evaluations on customers and generally do not require collateral or other securities from such customers. The Company periodically evaluates the creditworthiness of the existing customers in determining an allowance for expected credit losses primarily based upon the aging of the receivable, the client’s payment history, its current creditworthiness, current economic trends and future expectations and customer specific quantitative and qualitative factors that may affect our customers’ ability to pay. Since all accounts receivable as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 are aged within one year, minimum credit risk was noted for accounts receivable.
Customer concentration risk
For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, no customer accounts for more than 10% of our total revenue, respectively. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, no customer accounts for more than 10% of our total revenues, respectively.
As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, no customer accounts for more than 10% of the total balance of accounts receivable. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, no customer accounts for more than 10% of the total balance of accounts receivable.
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Interest rate risk
The Company is exposed to cash flow interest rate risk through the changes in interest rates related mainly to the Company’s bank borrowings and cash and cash equivalents. The Company currently does not have any interest rate hedging policy in relation to fair value interest rate risk and cash flow interest rate risk. The directors monitor the Company’s exposures on an ongoing basis and will consider hedging the interest rate should the need arises.
Foreign currency risk
The reporting currency of the Company is U.S. dollars, or US$. To date the majority of the revenues and costs are denominated in Hong Kong dollars, or HK$, and a significant portion of the assets and liabilities are denominated in HK$. There was no significant exposure to foreign exchange rate fluctuations and the Company has not maintained any hedging policy against foreign currency risk. The management will consider hedging significant currency exposure should the need arise.
Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset. The Company’s approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Company’s reputation.
Typically, the Company ensures that it has sufficient cash on demand to meet expected operational expenses for a period of twelve months, including through operations and financial support from our Controlling Shareholder, financial institutions, and investors. We are continuing to focus on improving operational efficiency and cost reductions and enhancing efficiency, as well as servicing of financial obligations: this excludes the potential impact of extreme circumstances that cannot reasonably be predicted, such as natural disasters. Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon obtaining the necessary financing or negotiating the terms of the existing short-term liabilities to meet our current and future liquidity needs.
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All the information and data set forth in this section and elsewhere in this prospectus has been derived from an industry report commissioned by us on September 8, 2024 and independently prepared by Frost & Sullivan in connection with this Offering, unless otherwise noted. Frost & Sullivan has advised us that the statistical and graphical information contained herein is drawn from its database and other sources.
Overview of the Market and Market Size
The market for TCM women’s wellness and beauty encompasses a range of natural, non-invasive treatments rooted in TCM principles, therapies and products that are designed to support women’s health, balance within the body, and beauty through TCM practices. As women increasingly prioritize comprehensive wellness, TCM services provide holistic, preventative, and non-invasive options that cater to various stages of a woman’s life, including fertility, maternity, and general health maintenance.
The market for TCM women’s wellness and beauty is growing rapidly and includes a wide range of services, which can generally be grouped into three main categories: TCM women’s health market, fertility-related TCM services market, and TCM Beauty Market. While exact figures are not available for the entire industry, the three aforementioned segments collectively capture a substantial and growing portion of the market, driven by rising consumer demand for natural, holistic wellness solutions tailored to women’s health, reproductive, and aesthetic needs.
The traditional Chinese medicine service market in Hong Kong grew from 32.5 billion HKD in 2019 to 36.9 billion HKD in 2023, reflecting a CAGR of 3.2%, despite fluctuations between 2019 and 2023 mostly due to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. By 2030, the market size is expected to reach 57.3 billion HKD, representing a CAGR of 6.5% from 2023 to 2030. The market is anticipated to further expand from 2023 to 2030. Based on available data from related segments — including the three aforementioned markets — the TCM women’s wellness and beauty industry demonstrates significant market potential as these segments cumulatively represent a large and expanding sector.

Source: Frost & Sullivan Analysis
TCM Women’s Health Market
The TCM women’s health market, valued at 2,039 million HKD in 2019, has expanded to 2,766 million HKD by 2023, reflecting a CAGR of 7.9%. This growth is projected to continue, reaching 4,666 million HKD by 2030, representing a CAGR of 7.7% from 2023 to 2030. Demand is largely driven by the rise in gynecological health issues, such as menstrual pain and “cold womb” (referring to a condition affecting the female reproductive system in which a lack of “Yang” energy (also known as “Yang deficiency” in TCM) in the body reduces blood circulation to the womb, depriving it of the necessary nutrients and resulting in insufficient warmth and a cooler internal environment), which
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affects a significant portion of the female population. TCM approaches to managing these conditions, such as herbal medicine, acupuncture, and moxibustion, are valued for their non-invasive, preventive focus, making them a popular choice for women seeking holistic health management.

Source: Frost & Sullivan Analysis
Fertility-related TCM Services Market
The market for fertility-related TCM services, which include preconception preparation, prenatal care, and postnatal recovery, grew from 831.1 million HKD in 2019 to 1,112 million HKD in 2023 and is expected to reach approximately 1,809 million HKD by 2030, with a CAGR of 7.2%. Key factors contributing to this growth are the trend of delayed childbearing and an increasing focus on both physical and emotional well-being. Older mothers often face additional health challenges during pregnancy and require prolonged recovery postpartum, making TCM fertility services, such as uterine warming therapy and dietary adjustments, a preferred choice for comprehensive maternal care.

Source: Frost & Sullivan Analysis
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TCM Beauty Market
The TCM beauty market, which covers facial aesthetics, body sculpting, hip care, and breast health, has grown from 537.6 million HKD in 2019 to 598.9 million HKD in 2023, with projections indicating growth to 1,245 million HKD by 2030 at an 11% CAGR. The expansion of this market is fueled by the popularity of natural and safe beauty therapies, increased health awareness, and the influence of social media. Consumers are increasingly drawn to TCM beauty for its gentle, non-invasive methods, which include facial osteopathy, acupuncture, and herbal skincare products that address both aesthetic and underlying health needs.

Source: Frost & Sullivan Analysis
Growth Drivers in the Related Industries
According to Frost & Sullivan, several factors are driving the growth of the abovementioned segments.
Growth Drivers in the TCM Women’s Health Market
The Hong Kong government has been instrumental in promoting TCM by integrating it into tourism and wellness centers. This, along with growing health awareness and demand for natural care, is expanding the TCM women’s health market. In 2023, the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong (DAB) proposed several policies to advance TCM. A nationwide survey on women’s health revealed that the number of women affected by “cold womb” is substantial, accounting for approximately 60% of the female population. TCM’s holistic, non-invasive treatments and therapies, using natural materials, are gaining popularity among consumers for managing women’s health issues like menstrual pain and hormonal imbalances. Below is a discussion on the three key growth factors in the TCM women’s health market.
• Government Support for TCM Wellness — As a key element of Chinese culture, TCM has a significant role in disease prevention, treatment, and health maintenance in Hong Kong. The Hong Kong government has actively promoted TCM development through policy initiatives. In March 2023, the DAB proposed a policy to coordinate and enhance TCM development at the government level. In June 2024, additional proposals included establishing a TCM wellness center on Kai Tak Island featuring health, beauty, and cultural amenities. This support lays a solid foundation for growth in TCM women’s health market Hong Kong.
• Widespread Impact of Gynecological Symptoms — Menstrual pain is prevalent among women of all ages in Hong Kong, with a 2023 survey involving 555 females aged 12 and above showing that over 85% of respondents have experienced it, and over half reported that it affected daily activities. Additionally, lifestyle factors like cold beverage consumption and long hours in air-conditioned environments contribute to conditions such as “cold womb”. This growing demand for natural solutions to manage menstrual pain and “cold womb” drives interest in TCM wellness treatments and therapies.
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• Consumer Preference for Natural Health and Balance — TCM’s holistic health approach is increasingly preferred by consumers seeking preventive, low-risk options without the side effects of hormonal drugs. TCM treatments and therapies, which include natural ingredients like herbs, animal products, and minerals, aim to balance body functions, addressing both symptoms and root causes of issues such as endocrine disorders, menstrual irregularities, and menopausal syndrome. This natural and holistic approach resonates with consumers, further driving growth in the TCM women’s health market.
Growth Drivers in Fertility-Related TCM Services Market
Female consumers are increasingly focusing on their health and well-being, especially in fertility and postpartum recovery. They are turning to TCM wellness centers for they offer natural, safe, and non-invasive options and personalized treatment/therapy plans. These wellness centers also offer emotional support through services like massage and detoxification to help manage stress. With more women delaying marriage and childbirth, there’s a growing demand for prenatal and postpartum care. Older mothers face more health challenges and need more time for recovery, making TCM a popular choice for addressing these needs. Below is a discussion on the two key growth factors in the fertility-related TCM services market.
• Rising Focus on Health and Well-being — Women are increasingly prioritizing health and well-being, especially in fertility and postpartum care. TCM wellness centers have become popular for their natural and body-regulating methods, offering support not only for physical recovery but also emotional well-being. These centers often include services such as massage and detoxification, which help manage stress, making them an attractive choice for women balancing personal, family, and professional roles.
• Delayed Marriage and Childbearing Trends — As delayed marriage and childbearing become more common, demand for prenatal and postpartum TCM care has risen. The median age of first-time mothers in Hong Kong increased from 28.1 in 1991 to 32.9 in 2023. Older mothers may face additional health challenges, requiring longer recovery periods and more comprehensive care, including fertility treatments and postpartum recovery support. This trend has led to increased use of TCM treatments tailored to these specific needs.
Growth Drivers in the TCM Beauty Market in Hong Kong
The widespread use of social media and the influence of female celebrities have significantly boosted Hong Kong’s TCM beauty market. Celebrities and influencers frequently showcase their TCM beauty routines and results through social media. By sharing before-and-after photos, videos, and personal endorsements, they make TCM beauty treatments and therapies highly visible to a broad audience and help build consumer trust in the overall TCM beauty market. Besides, rising awareness of women’s health and the demand for natural, safe care methods have made TCM beauty popular for its holistic approach. This combination of social media influence and health awareness has rapidly expanded the TCM beauty market.
• Influence of Social Media and Celebrity Endorsements — The TCM beauty market has grown significantly, partly due to social media and celebrity endorsements. Celebrities and influencers frequently showcase their TCM beauty routines and results through social media. This trend drives word-of-mouth marketing, rapidly increasing market reach and building customer loyalty. As these public figures endorse TCM methods, consumers feel more confident in trying these TCM beauty treatments and therapies. Social media amplifies word-of-mouth marketing, as users share their own experiences with TCM beauty treatments and therapies, creating an organic spread of testimonials that resonate in the beauty industry. These authentic endorsements attract new consumers. Social media influencers appeal strongly to this group, positioning TCM as a natural, non-invasive alternative to traditional beauty methods. Additionally, influencers help educate their followers on TCM principles, making these principles accessible to consumers unfamiliar with TCM.
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• Increased Awareness of Women’s Health — Growing awareness of women’s health and the desire for natural, non-invasive beauty treatments have boosted the TCM beauty industry. Women are turning to TCM beauty treatments that promote overall health, enhancing both their looks and internal well-being. This comprehensive approach is driving the market’s growth, with services designed to meet the varied needs of today’s consumers.
• Preference for Natural Ingredients and Gradual Standardization of Qualification for Beauty Industry Professionals — The TCM beauty market in Hong Kong is experiencing growth, which is partially driven by customer demand for natural ingredients. According to a study conducted by Lingnan University in 2014 on the preferences of users of TCM gynecological therapies, a survey of 143 gynecological patients aged 15 and above showed that up to 90% of respondents believe that traditional Chinese medicine has fewer side effects compared to Western medicine and offers more effective wellness benefits. Although more recent comprehensive studies are limited, this trend remains relevant based on the Frost & Sullivan’s observations and continuing cultural practices. Given that the TCM beauty products share similar principles by primarily using natural extracts with minimal or no synthetic chemicals, we believe they align with the demand for natural and safe products. In addition, the “Specification of Competency Standards for the Beauty Industry in Hong Kong” (《香港美容业能力标准说明》) was established in 2011, and further updated in 2021 to promote standardization of qualification for beauty industry professionals in Hong Kong. As advised by our Hong Kong counsel, Fairbairn Catley Low & Kong, the statutory professional qualifications required for TCM practitioners to practice TCM under the laws of Hong Kong fall under the Chinese Medicine Ordinance (Chapter 549 of the Laws of Hong Kong). See “Regulations — Laws Related to Chinese Medicine” on page 109 for more details. Other relevant certifications, training and memberships held by the TCM practitioners and technicians in the TCM-inspired beauty and wellness industry are preferred qualifications that enhance their ability to provide products and services, but are not required. Gradually established regulatory framework on the safety of the beauty industry in Hong Kong, especially for standardized qualifications for professionals, can help build the credibility of TCM beauty services, and help the market further expand in the future.
Competitive Landscape
The market for TCM women’s wellness and beauty is highly competitive, with a mix of public and private providers, such as TCM clinics and wellness centers, offering a range of services. Public hospitals typically offer more standardized TCM services, which are primarily symptom-focused and at lower costs but potentially longer waiting times. In contrast, private institutions offer more flexibility with a wider variety of services, often providing more personalized plans at a relatively higher cost. Wellness centers are gaining popularity for their ability to offer flexible, comprehensive health management, making them an attractive option for women seeking specialized care.
Future Trends in the Related Markets
Based on Frost & Sullivan’s industry report, the future of the TCM women’s wellness and beauty market in Hong Kong looks promising, with wellness centers evolving into one-stop health service solutions. These centers are expected to offer a wider range of personalized services, including emotional support, fertility care, and beauty treatments. As health and wellness continue to take center stage, more women are expected to turn to TCM for long-term health management, beauty, and emotional well-being, further solidifying the market’s growth trajectory.
Future Trends in the Women’s TCM Health Market in Hong Kong
Women’s TCM wellness centers are gaining popularity due to their ability to provide personalized and comprehensive services that cater to a broad range of women’s needs. Unlike treatments at public hospitals, which are often symptom-focused and with a long waiting time, these wellness centers emphasize holistic, long-term health enhancement to address issues like “cold womb” and menstrual pain, which require consistent attention. With diverse and tailored service options, TCM wellness centers expect to attract more consumers seeking more in-depth health and wellness support beyond symptom relief, creating strong growth prospects for these wellness centers.
As health awareness rises, women demonstrate a growing interest in TCM because of its use of natural ingredients, gentle approach, and lower risk of side effects compared to Western medicine. The 2014 study conducted by Lingnan University has shown that up to 90% of respondents who have experienced gynecological problems prefer TCM practices. This study reveals that among 143 gynecological patients aged 15 and above, up to 90% of respondents believe that traditional Chinese medicine has fewer side effects compared to Western medicine and offers more effective wellness benefits. TCM’s approaches, which integrate adjustments in lifestyle, diet, along with herbal remedies and
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other therapies, can help address both symptoms and root causes. By offering personalized wellness plans that consider each woman’s unique constitution and lifestyle, TCM is increasingly becoming the preferred choice for managing long-term health issues, contributing to the expanding women’s TCM health market.
• Growth of TCM Wellness Centers with Diverse Services — TCM wellness centers, which emphasize comprehensive and personalized care, are attracting more consumers than public hospitals, which typically focus on acute care. These wellness centers cater to long-term health needs such as “cold womb” and menstrual pain, offering tailored treatment and therapy plans that foster lasting relationships with customers and a promising growth outlook.
• Preference for Natural Wellness Solutions — TCM’s use of natural ingredients and minimal invasiveness are leading more women to choose TCM for health and wellness. According to the study conducted by Lingnan University in 2014 on the preferences related TCM women’s health involving 143 gynecological patients aged 15 and above, showed that up to 90% of respondents believe that traditional Chinese medicine has fewer side effects compared to Western medicine and offers more wellness benefits. This rising preference supports continued growth in the women’s TCM health market.
• Need for Long-Term, Personalized Women’s Health Care — TCM’s comprehensive approach to long-term wellness is increasingly appealing to women with conditions like “cold womb” and endocrine disorders. TCM’s tailored wellness plans, which take into account a patient’s constitution and lifestyle, can help address these health issues and position TCM as the preferred option for women seeking holistic care.
Future Trends in Fertility-related TCM Services in Hong Kong
Wellness centers in Hong Kong are increasingly adopting a “one-stop” approach to women’s health, offering comprehensive TCM services that support women throughout their pregnancy journey. Responding to the rising demand for fertility and postpartum care, these wellness centers combine fertility-focused TCM practices like moxibustion and uterine warming with other wellness services, such as beauty therapies and weight management. This holistic model addresses a wide range of women’s health needs, making TCM wellness centers a preferred choice for those seeking integrated, long-term support.
As demand for comprehensive care grows, TCM wellness centers are also introducing more customized, high-end postpartum recovery options, meeting women’s expectations for refined and personalized services. With the trend of delayed childbearing continuing in Hong Kong, older mothers are seeking extended postpartum recovery support. TCM services are well-suited to meet this need, as they offer tailored solutions that help women recover physically and emotionally, solidifying the role of TCM wellness centers in modern women’s health care.
• Evolving One-Stop Health Service Solutions — The demand for fertility-related TCM services is driving wellness centers to offer one-stop solutions encompassing physical, emotional, and psychological support. By integrating techniques such as moxibustion and uterine warming with beauty treatments and weight management, these centers offer comprehensive services across a woman’s pregnancy journey, making them a preferred choice.
• Increased Customization — More and more women’s TCM wellness centers are offering high-end, customized fertility-related services, especially in postpartum recovery. This trend toward more refined, customized care is elevating TCM services to meet constantly evolving consumer expectations, establishing TCM as a leader in women’s wellness.
• Rising Demand for Postpartum Recovery — As the trend of delayed childbearing continues, there is a growing demand for postpartum body recovery. Older mothers require longer recovery periods, and TCM’s tailored postpartum care options are well-suited to meet these needs, contributing to increased interest in TCM services.
Future Trends in the TCM Beauty Market in Hong Kong
The TCM beauty market in Hong Kong is shifting towards personalized, high-end services as consumers increasingly seek treatments and therapies tailored to their unique skin types, body profiles, and health needs. Moving away from standardized offerings, TCM beauty clinics are creating customized service plans that enhance customer satisfaction and build trust. Moreover, there is a growing preference for natural beauty practice as consumers become more conscious
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of the potential side effects of synthetic ingredients in conventional cosmetics. TCM beauty, which is perceived as natural, gentle, and non-invasive, has gained popularity as it aligns with modern expectations for health-conscious beauty solutions. This shift is further supported by social media exposure, which highlights the advantages of TCM’s natural ingredients and contributes to the market’s rapid growth and mainstream acceptance.
• Personalized Beauty Treatments — Consumer demand for high-end, customized beauty treatments is leading TCM beauty clinics to develop personalized plans tailored to individual needs. This trend helps position TCM beauty as leader in the beauty industry in Hong Kong.
• Demand for Natural and Safe Beauty Methods — Heightened awareness of the side effects of synthetic chemicals in beauty products is driving a shift toward natural beauty solutions. TCM beauty, which is natural and non-invasive, is increasingly popular and aligns with consumer preferences for safer, health-oriented beauty methods. This demand fuels the ongoing growth of the TCM beauty market.
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Our Mission
We are committed to enhancing the quality of life from the inside out by integrating TCM wellness practices with modern technology. Through combining customized TCM-inspired constitution-regulating plans and modern wellness therapies, we provide comprehensive wellness and beauty services and products for women and TCM-inspired therapies tailored for men.
Overview
TCM is a comprehensive medical system that has been practiced in China and other parts of Asia for over two thousand years. It is based on the concept that the human body is a holistic ecosystem, integrating mind, essence, Qi1, body fluids, and blood. The therapeutic mechanism in TCM focuses on maintaining harmony and restoring internal balance within the body. TCM aims to promote disease prevention and enhance overall well-being and the body’s ability to self-heal. While it has a long history of empirical practice, there is limited scientific evidence from rigorous, large-scale clinical studies validating its efficacy and safety under the research methodologies commonly used in modern Western medicine. Western medicine primarily relies on randomized controlled trials as the “gold standard” for establishing efficacy, whereas TCM treatments are often individualized and holistic in nature, making them less commonly studied through large-scale RCTs. As a result, the effectiveness of TCM remains a subject of ongoing scientific investigation.
TCM is widely applied in women’s health care, particularly in regulating the female menstrual cycle and treating various gynecological issues. Through methods such as herbal therapy, acupuncture, and TCM-based Tuina massage therapy, TCM can improve women’s reproductive health and overall constitution. Herbal therapy uses various herbal formulations to restore internal balance and is commonly used to address conditions such as irregular menstruation and dysmenorrhea. Acupuncture regulates the flow of Qi and blood by stimulating specific acupoints, which can relieve pain and balance the endocrine system. TCM-based Tuina massage therapy promotes blood circulation, relaxes muscles, and supports postpartum recovery.
We are a Hong Kong-based provider of comprehensive TCM-inspired wellness and beauty care services and products that are rooted and influenced by the principles and practices of TCM, such as the use of herbal ingredients, acupuncture techniques, Tuina massage, and dietary guidance. Our services are designed to address a wide range of health improvement needs health improvement needs, such as alleviating premenstrual syndrome, menstrual irregularities, dysmenorrhea, leukorrhea, pelvic inflammatory disease, menopausal care, breast health, and other common women’s health conditions. We believe that our TCM-inspired therapies can help balance the female endocrine system and improve women’s constitution and overall health. Additionally, the Operating Subsidiaries offer TCM-inspired therapies tailored to men.
Through our four wellness centers in Hong Kong, we offer a wide range of beauty, wellness, and postpartum services and products for women that are rooted and influenced by the principles and practices of TCM with a focus on utilizing TCM approaches in addressing women’s health issues. Our beauty, wellness, and postpartum services include but are not limited to womb-warming therapy, BTS (Beauty, Tailor-made, Slim) pelvic detox therapy, agarwood moxibustion therapy, TCM-inspired prenatal massage therapy, and Indonesian traditional abdominal binding therapy. In addition, under the “Beauty Lab” brand, we also offer products, including (i) TCM-inspired supplements products, such as Beauty Lab home herbal uterine care patch, probiotic intimate wash, and Yin nourishing pill sets, designed to support uterine health, improve physical weakness, and balance endocrine functions for female customers; and (ii) beauty products, such as ginseng soothing anti-allergy moisturizing wash, which provide comprehensive care for skin issues and scalp health. Moreover, we also offer consultancy services to provide TCM-inspired therapy technical training and dietary therapy training to other well-established and reputable beauty salons, massage centers, and similar institutions.
We generated revenue of $6,015,375 and $3,530,822, respectively, and achieved a net profit of $821,743 and incurred a net loss of $335,605, respectively, for the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. Our revenue primarily includes the following: (i) beauty, wellness, and postpartum services; (ii) sales of products; and (iii) consultancy services. For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, the revenue from beauty, wellness, and postpartum services amounted to $5,813,814 and $3,451,955, representing 96.6% and 97.8% of total revenue, respectively. The revenue from sales of
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1 In TCM, “Qi” refers to the vital life force or energy that flows through the human body.
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products was $88,992 and $78,867 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, representing 1.5% and 2.2% of total revenue, respectively. The revenue from consultancy services was $112,569 and nil for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, representing 1.9% and 0% of total revenue, respectively.
We generated revenue of $2,958,508 and $2,641,503, respectively, and achieved a net profit of $468,817 and $377,651, respectively, for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Our revenue primarily includes the following: (i) beauty, wellness, and postpartum services; and (ii) sales of products. For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the revenue from beauty, wellness, and postpartum services amounted to $2,905,920 and $2,597,782, representing 98.2% and 98.3% of total revenue, respectively. The revenue from sales of products was $52,588 and $43,721 for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, representing 1.8% and 1.7% of total revenue, respectively.
Our Competitive Strength
We believe we have the following competitive strengths:
Professional Team and Certified Services
Our Operating Subsidiaries boast a team of professional TCM practitioners experienced in women’s health and skilled technicians, offering comprehensive care and therapies tailored to women. Our TCM practitioners provide consultation services, ensuring customers receive personalized health guidance and care, with each holding a Registered Chinese Medicine Practitioner Certificate issued by the Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Council. As advised by FCLK, our Hong Kong counsel, the statutory professional qualifications required for TCM practitioners to practice TCM under the laws of Hong Kong fall under the Chinese Medicine Ordinance (Chapter 549 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (“CMO”). The CMO provides for the regulation of activities or matters relating to Chinese medicine, including, among other matters, the licensing requirements for Chinese medicine practitioners, and the practice, use, manufacture, possession and trading of Chinese medicine in Hong Kong. According to the CMO, a Chinese medicine practitioner must be listed or registered under the Chinese Medicine Ordinance and hold a Registered Chinese Medicine Practitioner Certificate issued by the Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Council before being permitted to practice Chinese medicine in Hong Kong. Moreover, under section 108(2) of the CMO, any person who is not a registered Chinese medicine practitioner or listed Chinese medicine practitioner practices Chinese medicine commits an offence and is liable to a fine of HK$100,000 and imprisonment for three years, or on conviction upon indictment to imprisonment for five years. Section 158 of the CMO exempts registered Chinese medicine practitioners from obtaining licenses for possessing and dispensing Chinese herbal medicines listed in Schedule 1 to the CMO to persons on prescription. To ensure high-quality services, our Indonesian traditional abdominal binding therapy is performed by technicians who have completed training in Indonesian abdominal binding. Additionally, our Japanese facial bone adjustment services are performed by our TCM practitioners, who hold memberships with the Hong Kong Chinese Orthopedics Society, and our massage services are delivered by our TCM practitioners. We believe these professional qualifications held by our TCM practitioners and technicians as well as the additional training and professional memberships they hold contribute to the overall quality of our services.
Comprehensive One-Stop Health and Wellness Services
Our Operating Subsidiaries offer a wide range of services, including feminine care, prenatal and postpartum therapies, and women’s health products, providing comprehensive solutions to meet the diverse needs of female customers. We also launched home services during the COVID-19 pandemic, to enable our customers to enjoy professional care in the comfort of their homes. Our approach is to serve women across various life stages, and continuously track and adjust our services to meet their evolving health needs. Furthermore, we offer TCM-inspired hair care therapies to male customers.
High-quality Assurance for Products and Services
Our Operating Subsidiaries are committed to delivering quality products and services while maintaining a satisfactory customer experience. We implement quality control measures, including training service providers and selecting third-party product suppliers, to ensure compliance with safety and efficacy standards. Our Indonesian traditional abdominal binding therapy is performed by technicians who have completed training in Indonesian abdominal binding. The suppliers we currently contract with all hold a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) certificate and comply with the globally recognized quality management standard ISO 9001. We believe adherence to these quality control measures contributes to customer trust and brand reputation.
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Integration of TCM Principles and Modern Technology
The Operating Subsidiaries are dedicated to integrating TCM principles with modern technology to offer comprehensive wellness and beauty solutions. Our needle-free thread embedding therapy leverages advanced noninvasive cosmetic technology to deliver substantial aesthetic results without the need for surgery, enhancing both skin quality and facial contours. We have also developed the TCM E-plus eye care therapy, which improves eye blood circulation, relieves eye fatigue, and enhances visual health through targeted acupoint massage.
Experienced Management Team with Substantial Industry Experience
The management team brings extensive experience and deep expertise in the TCM-inspired wellness and beauty industry. Our team members include seasoned TCM practitioners and beauty experts, all dedicated to enhancing service quality and customer satisfaction.
Customer-Centric Approach with Customized Services
Our Operating Subsidiaries uphold a customer-centric philosophy and are committed to providing personalized services and solutions tailored to customers’ needs. Through continuous communication with customers, we optimize and improve our service offerings. We aim to create a caring and professional environment where every customer feels valued and respected, fostering long-term relationships and customer loyalty.
Our Challenges
Intense Competition in the TCM-inspired Wellness and Beauty Industry
The TCM-inspired wellness and beauty industry is highly competitive, with many similar beauty centers and brands. Beauty Lab must differentiate itself from the competing brands to attract and retain customers. To stand out in the competitive market, our Operating Subsidiaries must be able to introduce unique products and services that cater to diverse customer needs. We may also improve customer satisfaction and loyalty by providing high-quality customer service and personalized experiences. Moreover, strengthening brand promotion and marketing and leveraging social media and online platforms can help increase brand visibility and attract more customers.
Challenges in Building Customer Trust and Boosting Customer Acceptance
Due to the limited evidence-based validation in TCM, the major challenges faced by us are building customer trust, improving consumer awareness, and boosting customer acceptance. Some consumers are unfamiliar with the holistic approaches of TCM-inspired wellness and beauty therapies and may be skeptical about the effectiveness of our services. Besides, TCM-inspired beauty treatments often take a longer time to show visible results compared to modern cosmetic treatments. Thus, convincing customers to stay committed to longer-term therapy plans and building trust around the adoption of TCM can be challenging.
Regulatory and Compliance Challenges in Global Expansion
As the Operating Subsidiaries expand their presence in the Southeast Asian market with TCM-inspired beauty and wellness services and supplements products, we may face varying regulatory and compliance requirements across different regions. These requirements could involve product certification, safety standards, and advertising practices. To ensure smooth business operations, the company must closely monitor regulatory changes in each region and promptly adjust its product and service offering and compliance strategies. Establishing solid relationships with local governments and industry associations can also help navigate regulatory and compliance challenges effectively.
Our Growth Strategies
Expanding Our Presence in International Markets
We plan to increase our international market share by entering new geographic regions or countries. This will involve conducting thorough market research to understand different countries’ cultural nuances, consumer habits, and regulatory requirements and adjust our marketing strategies and product positioning accordingly. We will prioritize regions with significant market potential and rapid economic growth, such as Southeast Asia. Additionally, we plan to adopt e-commerce platforms to expand global sales channels and enhance brand recognition in international markets as part of our growth strategies.
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Building Strategic Partnerships
We will evaluate and selectively seek strategic partnerships with other companies to collaborate on market promotion, product development, or sales activities. We believe such partnerships can foster resource sharing, reduce costs, and expand market influence. For example, we may collaborate with some well-known cosmetic brands, health institutions, or retailers to launch co-branded products or joint promotional campaigns. Additionally, we plan to establish partnerships with research institutions or universities in Hong Kong to drive technological research and innovation, and we expect such partnerships will enhance product competitiveness and market appeal in the future.
Investing in Technological Innovation and Improving R&D Capability
We plan to invest in technological innovation and improve our research and development (“R&D”) capability to develop new beauty products and services. Our approaches include investing in ingredient research, and adopting advanced technologies and equipment to improve the efficacy of our products and ensure they can align with the constantly changing beauty standards. For example, we may invest in conducting continuous research on exploring new uses of common medicinal herbs to develop skincare products. Furthermore, we plan to adopt advanced beauty instruments, such as laser devices and micro-needling instruments to provide more professional and diverse services, and we expect the adoption of such advanced devices and instruments to improve our service and product offerings.
Establishing a Strong Brand Image through Differentiation
We will focus on building a strong brand image of the “Beauty Lab” brand through differentiation to attract potential customers. We plan to do so through marketing campaigns, quality assurance, and enhanced customer experience. For instance, brand promotion and engagement will be carried out via social media and online platforms to increase consumer awareness and trust in the “Beauty Lab” brand. We are confident that we can improve customer satisfaction and loyalty by providing high-quality customer service and personalized experiences. Additionally, we believe that hosting beauty seminars, workshops, and other events will strengthen interaction and connection with customers, thereby establishing a positive brand reputation.
Diversifying Product and Service Offerings
Currently, we offer TCM-inspired hair care therapies to male customers. As part of our growth strategy, we plan to expand our service and product offerings tailored to male consumers by developing and introducing additional TCM-inspired wellness solutions. These may include herbal-based wellness products designed to address common health concerns among men, such as insomnia, chronic fatigue, acne & oily skin, and male pattern baldness. By broadening our range of services, we aim to enhance customer engagement, increase brand loyalty, and capture a larger share of the male wellness market. We believe that diversifying our TCM-based offerings for male consumers will strengthen our competitive position and support our long-term revenue growth.
Our Business Model
We generate revenue by offering a wide range of beauty and wellness services and products. These services include wellness care for women, prenatal and postpartum therapies, Japanese facial contouring, needle-free thread embedding, Indonesia postpartum abdominal binding therapy, Chinese head therapy, and TCM E-plus eye care therapy. Additionally, the Operating Subsidiaries offer a variety of TCM-inspired wellness and beauty products, such as uterine care patches, probiotic intimate wash, Yin nourishing pills, Dendrobium eye essence, and ginseng soothing anti-allergy moisturizing care.
Pricing Strategy and Diverse Marketing Channel
The Operating Subsidiaries employ a flexible pricing strategy, offering products and services at different price points to meet the needs of customers at various income levels. The pricing of products and services is mainly based on cost, market demand, and competitors’ pricing strategies. Besides, the Operating Subsidiaries conduct marketing through both online and offline channels, including several e-commerce platforms.
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Services and Products Provision
We have a team of professional TCM practitioners experienced in women’s health and technicians to ensure personalized care for every customer. We prioritize customer experience, regularly collecting feedback and conducting satisfaction surveys to continually optimize and improve service offerings. Additionally, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Operating Subsidiaries introduced home services to allow customers to receive professional care in the comfort of their own homes. The Operating Subsidiaries offer a comprehensive range of wellness and beauty services, integrating TCM with modern technology to provide personalized care solutions for our customers. Our services and products mainly include TCM-inspired women’s wellness Services, TCM-inspired beauty services, other TCM-inspired women’s health services, TCM-inspired head/eye care, and TCM-inspired supplements products. In sourcing and selecting ingredients and developing new products and services, the Operating Subsidiaries conduct market research and analysis to understand the current beauty trends, consumer preferences, and demand for TCM-inspired natural beauty products.
Service Process
Our service process generally follows the steps below:
Step 1. Appointment and Consultation
During the appointment and consultation phase, our goal is to provide customers with an opportunity to gain a preliminary understanding of our services. Customers can make appointments on our official website, social media platforms, or by phone, and they can also consult about any services they may require. During the appointment, our reception staff will ask detailed questions about the customer’s needs and expectations to arrange a suitable in-person consultation time. Additionally, we offer initial consultation services to answer any questions the customer may have regarding our services, including information about our team, service content, expected outcomes, potential risks, and costs. The purpose is to establish trust and ensure that customers have a clear understanding of the services they are about to receive.
Step 2. Reception
Upon the customer’s arrival at our physical store, the customer will be greeted by our staff. We will first confirm their appointment details and guide them to the waiting area. During this time, we will take the opportunity to further understand the customer’s needs, expectations, and physical condition to offer personalized service recommendations, ensuring our services precisely meet their expectations.
Step 3. Filling Out a Form
Before the formal consultation, the customer is required to complete a set of forms, including a personal information form, a health questionnaire, and a consent form. These forms are designed to collect basic information about the customer, understand the customer’s general physical condition, lifestyle, and specific needs, and ensure that they are fully informed about the services they will receive. Our reception staff will patiently guide the customer through the form completion process and answer any questions the customer may have.
Step 4. Consultation with a TCM Practitioner
After completing the consultation forms, the customer will meet with our TCM practitioner. The TCM practitioner will ask more questions to further understand the customer’s condition and needs. The TCM practitioner will then make recommendations and explain how our services can be tailored to the customer’s specific condition to achieve the customer’s expected outcomes.
Step 5. Meeting with a Service Consultant
Following the consultation with the TCM practitioner, the customer will meet with one of our service consultants for further discussion. The service consultant will, based on the customer’s specific condition and the recommendations from the TCM practitioner, discuss possible service plans and explain the principles of each plan, the expected outcomes, potential risks, and price estimates. This step ensures that customers fully understand the different service options and can make informed decisions.
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Step 6. Formulating Service Schedule
Once the customer has selected a therapy plan, our TCM practitioners will carry out the service. During the process, the practitioner will closely monitor and evaluate the customer’s response to the therapy. Based on customer feedback and the therapy results, we will adjust the therapy plan as necessary.
Step 7. Next Appointment
After the therapy is completed, we will discuss the therapy results with the customer and summarize their feedback. The store manager will also assist the customer in scheduling their next appointment. We encourage customers to visit regularly so we can continuously track their therapy progress and adjust the service plan as needed.
The following diagram summarizes the principal steps of the service flow:

Our Services and Products
I. Beauty, Wellness, and Postpartum Services
We offer a wide range of beauty, wellness, and postpartum services for women with a focus on utilizing TCM approaches in addressing women’s health issues. Our beauty, wellness, and postpartum services include but are not limited to womb-warming therapy, BTS (Beauty, Tailor-made, Slim) pelvic detox therapy, agarwood moxibustion therapy, TCM-inspired prenatal massage, and Indonesian traditional abdominal binding. For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, revenue from beauty, wellness, and postpartum services amounted to $5,813,814 and $3,451,955, representing 96.6% and 97.8% of total revenue, respectively. For the six months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, revenue from beauty, wellness, and postpartum services amounted to $2,905,920 and $2,597,782, representing 98.2% and 98.3% of total revenue, respectively.
TCM-inspired Women’s Wellness Services
Our TCM-inspired women’s wellness services are dedicated to providing comprehensive wellness services for women from adolescence through menopause. We offer these services at our wellness centers, encompassing a whole process that includes consultation with TCM practitioners, development of therapy plans, implementation of therapies, and follow-up care. Our services cater to various needs, such as prenatal massage, postpartum recovery, and womb-warming services, targeting women of different age groups. Additionally, these services can be integrated into a customer’s assisted reproductive treatment plan as needed. Usually, we will provide TCM-based services such as herbal therapies before egg retrieval to prepare the customer’s body for the assisted reproductive treatment plan, and then uterine massages will be provided before embryo transfer to optimize the uterine environment, finally, herbal therapies will be provided to improve overall health during pregnancy.
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No. |
Name |
Description |
Target Customer |
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1 |
Womb-warming Therapy |
This therapy uses TCM techniques aimed at improving blood circulation and alleviating “coldness” in the uterus3 to address issues such as physical weakness, menstrual discomfort, dysmenorrhea, and cold extremities. |
The target customer is women aged 14 – 28. |
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2 |
BTS (Beauty, Tailor-made, Slim) Pelvic Detox Therapy |
This therapy involves several steps, including herbal oil massage, ginger massage, thermal cupping, and the application of herbal plaster, aimed at removing toxins and waste from the uterus, promoting blood circulation, alleviating menstrual pain, improving gastrointestinal function, assisting fertility, and aiding in weight loss. |
The primary target customer is postpartum women and adult women suffering irregular menstruation, typically aged 28 – 42. |
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3 |
Agarwood Moxibustion Therapy |
By integrating TCM techniques and using artificially cultivated agarwood, this therapy is designed to help women entering menopause restore and maintain a balanced state of harmony and well-being in their internal body systems. This therapy can help improve sleep quality, enhance digestive function, promote bowel movements, reduce “cold and dampness”4 in the body, supplement Yang energy, and relieve lower back and joint pain. |
The target customer is women aged 42 – 49. |
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4 |
TCM-inspired Pregnancy Massage |
Utilizing organic essential oils and mineral salt stones, this massage therapy is provided by professional therapists that aim to alleviate pregnancy-related edema and varicose veins, promote blood circulation, deeply relax muscles, prevent cramps, eliminate negative energy and toxins from the body, and improve skin conditions. |
The primary target customer is women preparing for pregnancy and pregnant women. |
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5 |
Non-hormonal Induced Lactation Therapy |
This therapy involves massage and drainage techniques using organic essential oils to improve clogged mammary ducts, enhance blood circulation, reduce postpartum breast discomfort, and ease mastitis during the breastfeeding period. |
The target customer is women during pregnancy and postpartum breastfeeding mothers. |
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6 |
Indonesian Traditional Abdominal Binding |
Combining Tai Chi cupping detox techniques and Indonesian traditional abdominal binding techniques, this therapy aims to address issues such as organ displacement, widened pelvis, enlarged uterus, abdominal muscle separation, and cold uterus in postpartum women. The therapy includes abdominal assessment, acupoint massage, herbal oil application, TCM-based Tuina massage therapy, detoxification through thermal cupping, and the use of traditional abdominal binding. Our service is performed by specialists trained in Indonesian abdominal-binding technique. |
The primary target customer is postpartum women. |
For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, revenue from TCM-inspired women’s wellness services amounted to $2,938,498 and $1,668,817, representing 48.8% and 47.3% of total revenue, respectively. For the six months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, revenue from TCM-inspired women’s wellness services amounted to $1,426,297 and $1,329,012, representing 48.2% and 50.3% of total revenue, respectively.
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3 In TCM, a “cold uterus” or “cold womb”, also known as Gong Han (宫寒), refers to a condition often associated with Yang deficiency in the body, resulting in insufficient blood supply to the uterus. This condition implies that the uterus lacks the necessary warmth for optimal function, which can affect fertility and menstrual health.
4 In TCM, cold and dampness refer to the external influences that disrupt the body’s natural balance, which can cause blockages in the flow of Qi and lead to various health issues as listed above.
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Other TCM-inspired Wellness Services for Women
In addition to our TCM-inspired women’s wellness services, we offer customers other wellness therapies, including natural hydration facials, saffron hip therapy, and natural reishi mushroom breast care, aimed at addressing various women’s health concerns.
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No. |
Name |
Description |
Target Customer |
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1 |
Natural Moisturizing Facial |
The natural moisturizing facial is specifically designed for pregnant women. It aims to address common skin issues such as dryness and sensitivity during pregnancy. This therapy uses nourishing ingredients to restore hydration and radiance to the skin, aiming to maintain healthy and well-maintained skin throughout pregnancy. |
The target customer is pregnant women. |
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2 |
Saffron Hip Therapy |
The saffron hip therapy combines TCM principles with massage and herbal therapy to improve hip health. This therapy aims to enhance blood circulation and balances the body internally, targeting women, especially those looking to restore hip health after pregnancy or childbirth. |
The target customer is postpartum women. |
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3 |
Natural Reishi Mushroom Breast Care |
The natural reishi mushroom breast care utilizes high-quality wild reishi essence combined with massage and care techniques to promote breast health. This noninvasive therapy aims to improve the condition of breast skin and tissue and is designed for women seeking to maintain or enhance chest health. |
The target customer is women seeking to maintain or enhance chest health. |
For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, revenue from other TCM-inspired wellness services for women amounted to $1,397,125 and $1,178,135, representing 23.2% and 33.4% of total revenue, respectively. For the six months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, revenue from other TCM-inspired wellness services for women amounted to $945,224 and $694,248, representing 31.9% and 26.3% of total revenue, respectively.
TCM-inspired Beauty Services
Our TCM-inspired beauty services combine TCM principles with modern technology to enhance wellness and appearance through natural therapies and innovative techniques. Key services offered by the Operating Subsidiaries include Japanese-style facial bone adjustment, needle-free thread embedding, and Imperial Chinese herbal acne detox therapy.
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No. |
Name |
Description |
Target Customer |
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1 |
Japanese-style Facial Bone Adjustment |
The Japanese facial bone adjustment is a therapy using TCM techniques to address issues related to jaw alignment and facial asymmetry. Through massage, this therapy aims to alleviate pain associated with jaw alignment and facial asymmetry, and restore facial contours and enhance facial balance. |
This therapy is suitable for customers seeking non-invasive methods to restore facial contours, particularly those with issues such as facial swelling, wide jawline, or facial asymmetry. |
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2 |
Needle-free Thread Embedding |
The needle-free thread embedding is a noninvasive cosmetic therapy that is based on the principles of TCM and uses ultrasonic energy to pass through the outer layer of the skin and penetrate into the deeper layers. This therapy aims to help rebuild the dermal foundation and enhance the firmness and tightness of the facial and neck skin. |
This therapy is designed for customers seeking noninvasive, non-surgical methods to lift and firm the face, particularly those aiming to reduce fine lines and improve skin sagging. |
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No. |
Name |
Description |
Target Customer |
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3 |
Imperial Chinese Herbal Acne Detox Therapy |
The imperial Chinese herbal acne detox therapy integrates TCM principles by using targeted acupressure and herbal ingredients to help remove internal toxins and improve skin health. |
This therapy is suitable for customers with acne and rough skin, particularly those seeking natural methods to address skin issues. |
For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, revenue from TCM beauty services amounted to $533,372 and $324,315, representing 8.9% and 9.2% of total revenue, respectively. For the six months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, revenue from TCM beauty services amounted to $123,221 and $229,997, representing 4.2% and 8.7% of total revenue, respectively.
TCM Head/Eye Care Therapy
TCM head therapy is a health-promoting method that applies TCM principles by massaging specific acupoints on the head. This therapy deeply explores the meridians and acupoints of the head, helping to improve blood circulation, increase nutrient supply to hair follicles, support hair growth, and prevent hair loss. Head therapy also seeks to alleviate headaches, improve sleep, and support overall well-being. Utilizing TCM methods, head therapy focuses on head health and may contribute to overall health by regulating the meridians. The target customers include individuals experiencing hair loss, headaches, memory decline, poor sleep quality, high stress, and those seeking overall health improvement.
TCM eye care involves massaging specific acupoints around the eyes to improve blood circulation, relieve eye fatigue, and enhance visual health, making it suitable for individuals who frequently use electronic devices or have vision problems.
Based on years of experience serving female customers, our Operating Subsidiaries have developed and offered a range of TCM head and eye care therapies tailored to meet the needs of our female customers. The target customer includes individuals with hair loss issues, headaches, memory decline, poor sleep quality, high stress levels, and those seeking overall health improvement. The therapies we provide include ultrasound therapy, forehead cupping therapy, herbal deer antler hair care, deep cleansing follicle therapy, Japanese scalp cleansing, cell activation hair growth therapy, and TCM E-plus eye care therapy.
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No. |
Name |
Description |
Target Customer |
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1 |
Ultrasound Therapy |
The ultrasound therapy uses high-frequency sound waves to stimulate deep layers of the skin and muscle tissue, which help soften tissues, enhance permeability, promote metabolism, improve blood circulation, and stimulate hair follicle nerves. |
This therapy is suitable for customers aged 18 to 60 who experience hair loss. |
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2 |
Forehead Cupping Therapy |
The forehead cupping therapy uses small cups applied along the forehead and hairline to create a suction effect that promotes blood circulation, revitalizes the scalp, and encourages nutrient flow directly to the hair follicles. |
This therapy is suitable for customers aged 18-60 with forehead hair follicle atrophy issues. |
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3 |
Traditional Herbal Deer Antler Hair Care |
The traditional herbal deer antler hair care harnesses the natural regenerative properties of deer antler extract, and combine other carefully selected ingredients known for promoting hair health with modern techniques, aiming to nourish the scalp. |
This therapy is suitable for customers aged 18-60 years old with seborrheic alopecia. |
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4 |
Deep Cleansing Follicle Therapy |
This therapy removes impurities from the scalp surface and within hair follicles, helping to alleviate inflammation and bacteria. It also uses serums to reduce buildup, improve scalp health, enhance hair quality, and create an optimal environment for hair growth. |
This therapy is suitable for customers aged 18 to 60 who seek to improve scalp health, enhance hair quality, address hair loss, and prolong the hair follicle growth phase. |
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No. |
Name |
Description |
Target Customer |
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5 |
Japanese Scalp Cleansing |
This therapy is designed to deeply cleanse the scalp, targeting residual chemicals left from hair dyeing, perming, and other styling therapies. By adopting Japanese scalp care principles, this therapy aims to restore the natural balance of the scalp, soothing irritation, and promote a healthier environment for hair growth and vitality. |
This therapy is suitable for customers aged 18 to 60 who seek to revitalize their scalp and protect hair health, especially those affected by frequent dyeing or perming. |
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6 |
Cell Activation Hair Growth Therapy |
This therapy uses medical-grade essence from Spain, combined with thermal energy techniques, to stimulate hair stem cells and support natural hair growth. |
This therapy is suitable for customers aged 18 to 60 who seek to improve scalp health, enhance hair quality, address hair loss, and prolong the hair follicle growth phase. |
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7 |
TCM E-plus Eye Care Therapy |
The therapy integrates TCM principles with specific eye-point massages to enhance ocular health. This therapy includes several steps: (1) We start with introducing a nourishing herbal essence derived from dendrobium, known for its hydrating and calming properties. This essence helps to soothe and prepare the eyes for the therapy. (2) Next, we apply formulated herbal eye masks that promote detoxification and help remove toxins from the delicate eye area. (3) Finally, we perform targeted massages on specific eye points and surrounding meridians to enhance blood circulation and relieve tension. The aim is to improve blood circulation around the eyes, alleviate discomfort, and promote overall visual health. |
This therapy is suitable for customers aged 18 to 60 who experience various eye issues, such as dry eyes, redness, blurred vision, macular degeneration, excessive tearing, dark circles, fine lines, and puffiness. |
For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, revenue from TCM head/eye care services amounted to $925,435 and $269,012, representing 15.4% and 7.6% of total revenue, respectively. For the six months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, revenue from TCM head/eye care services amounted to $400,702 and $338,103, representing 13.5% and 12.8% of total revenue, respectively.
Men’s Hair Care Therapies
Men’s hair care uses a variety of therapies and devices as listed below to promote blood circulation in scalp, reduce fatigue and may stimulate hair growth.
• Forehead and temples cupping therapy;
• Hair follicle deep cleaning therapy;
• Ultrasonic therapy device;
• TCM deer antler hair care therapy; and
• Hair follicle activation therapy.
For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, revenue from men’s hair care therapies amounted to $19,384 and $11,676, representing 0.3% and 0.3% of total revenue, respectively. For the six months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, revenue from men’s hair care therapies amounted to $10,476 and $6,421, representing 0.4% and 0.2% of total revenue, respectively.
II. Our Products
We also offer products, including (i) TCM-inspired supplements products, such as Beauty Lab home herbal uterine care patch, probiotic intimate wash, and Yin nourishing pill sets, designed to support uterine health, improve physical weakness, and balance endocrine functions for female customers; and (ii) beauty products, including ginseng soothing anti-allergy moisturizing wash, which provide comprehensive care skin issues and scalp health.
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TCM-inspired Supplements Products
Under the “Beauty Lab” brand, the Operating Subsidiaries offer the following products to our customers: (i) TCM-inspired supplements products, such as Beauty Lab home herbal uterine care patch, probiotic intimate wash and Yin-nourishing pill, designed to support uterine health, improve physical weakness, and balance endocrine functions for female customers; and (ii) beauty products, including ginseng soothing anti-allergy moisturizing wash, which provide comprehensive care for skin issues and scalp health. TCM-inspired supplements products will be recommended by our TCM practitioners to our customers post-consultation, tailored to match their specific health conditions.
|
No. |
Product Name |
Intended Use |
Picture |
Target Customer |
||||
|
1 |
Beauty Lab home herbal uterine care patch |
This product is designed to improve cold uterus, relieves menstrual pain, and aids in uterine recovery, while also alleviating menopause symptoms. |
|
This product is suitable for women aged 18 to 60 who seek targeted uterine care and hormonal balance. |
||||
|
2 |
Probiotic intimate wash |
This product is designed to help repair vaginal dryness caused by childbirth, aging, or hormone deficiency, while also enhancing protection and moisture for women’s intimate areas. |
|
This product is suitable for women aged 18 to 60 who seek to maintain the balance of vaginal flora and improve or prevent discomfort (such as itching, odor, and related issues). |
||||
|
3 |
Yin-nourishing pill |
This product is designed to improve blood circulation, relieves menstrual pain, helps regulate irregular periods, and promotes pelvic floor muscle contraction. |
|
This product is suitable for women aged 18 to 60 who are concerned about their health, especially those with irregular periods and menstrual pain. |
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|
No. |
Product Name |
Intended Use |
Picture |
Target Customer |
||||
|
4 |
Ginseng soothing anti-allergy moisturizing wash |
This product is designed to reduce the occurrence of oily scalp and acne, balances scalp oil secretion, repairs damaged scalp, strengthens hair roots and strands, and promotes blood circulation. |
|
This product is suitable for people aged 18 to 60 with sensitive, itchy, dry, oily, or inflamed scalps. Also ideal for those looking to promote hair growth, prevent hair loss, and achieve healthy, thick hair. |
||||
|
5 |
Southern European olive leaf extract for hair |
This product is designed to reduce excessive sebum production on scalp, restores scalp balance, quickly soothes scalp irritation and itching, and promotes anti-aging for hair. |
|
This product is suitable for people aged 18 to 60 looking to improve seborrheic dermatitis, dandruff, scalp odor, and teenage scalp acne. |
For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, revenue from products amounted to $88,992 and $78,867, representing 1.5% and 2.2% of total revenue, respectively. For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, revenue from products amounted to $52,588 and $43,721, representing 1.8% and 1.7% of total revenue, respectively.
III. Consultancy Services
We launched our consultancy services in September 2023. Our consultancy services are designed to provide technical training on TCM-inspired therapy and dietary therapy training to other well-established and reputable beauty salons, massage centers, and similar institutions. We offer training courses that are based on TCM theory and tailored to meet practical needs. The training covers TCM principles and techniques, including but not limited to acupuncture, manual therapy, and realignment techniques, as well as wellness therapies such as TCM-based dietary therapy, tea therapy, porridge therapy, and wine therapy. We also offer specialized dietary therapy training focused on cancer prevention and diabetes management.
Our training aims to impart professional TCM knowledge and skills to help trainees improve their service quality and enhance their market competitiveness. Through this training, trainees will be able to apply TCM principles and techniques and provide more professional and personalized service solutions to their customers. As these trainings will generate additional business income for us, we believe it creates a win-win situation for both us and the trainees.
Our instructor team consists of experienced TCM practitioners who possess extensive industry experience. Through comprehensive systematic training, our trainees will master the core skills of TCM-inspired beauty therapies and enhance their professional expertise.
For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, revenue from consultancy services amounted to $112,569 and nil, representing 1.9% and 0.0% of total revenue, respectively. For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, no revenue generated from the consultancy services.
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Quality Control
The Company’s ability to maintain and provide high-quality services and services is significantly dependent on the expertise and qualifications of our TCM practitioners and technicians. Our team consists of TCM practitioners who are experienced in women’s health and technicians with extensive training to provide high-quality and consistent service. Most technicians employed by us possess relevant certifications from recognized training programs, ensuring that they meet our internal standards for delivering effective and safe services. While the Company has established internal quality control measures to ensure our service quality, the relative lack of stringent laws and regulations specifically governing qualifications and practices in the beauty services sector in Hong Kong, particularly for the TCM-inspired beauty and wellness industry, creates challenges for us in maintaining consistent service quality. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — The relative lack of stringent laws and regulations in Hong Kong’s beauty services sector, particularly in the TCM-inspired beauty and wellness industry, poses a risk of inconsistent service quality. Any failure to maintain high standards of quality and safety could also adversely affect our reputation, customer trust, and overall business performance. In addition, to the extent any new regulatory measures are required to be implemented, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected, potentially materially decreasing the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares, and rendering them worthless” on page 34.
We have established a comprehensive quality control system that covers every stage, from raw material procurement to final product and service delivery. We regularly collect and analyze customer feedback, as we believe this is key to ensuring customer satisfaction and loyalty. Internal reviews and external audits are also conducted to continuously monitor and enhance service quality.
For our TCM-inspired supplements products, the Operating Subsidiaries source products mainly from third-party organizations. We have implemented a stringent supplier selection process to ensure that all partners meet our internal standards for quality and safety. As part of this process, we prioritize contracting with suppliers who hold a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) certificate and comply with the globally recognized ISO 9001 quality management standard developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
Research & Development
Our R&D efforts focus on continuously advancing innovative technologies to improve the customer care experience. To date, we have successfully implemented a range of innovative solutions in our TCM beauty and wellness industry, including needle-free thread embedding and TCM-inspired E-plus eye care therapy. Our Operating Subsidiaries plan to collaborate with third-party institutions for R&D, leveraging shared resources and expertise.
Our Customers
Our customer base primarily consists of individuals in Hong Kong, typically characterized by high purchasing power, health consciousness, and an interest in herbal-based, integrative and natural TCM approaches. These customers, mostly women aged between 25-55, prioritize skincare, anti-aging, and holistic wellness. We engage with our customers through a combination of online and offline channels, offering personalized health and beauty services. We are committed to building long-term relationships with our customers and our approaches is guided by two key factors: the customers’ demand for our products and services, and their reliability in making timely payments. Customers typically discover and select our services through word-of-mouth referrals, social media presence, and targeted marketing efforts. Since our customers consist of individuals, no single customer accounted for more than 10% of our revenue for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. No single customer accounted for more than 10% of our revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023
By continuously improving service quality and customer experience, we aim to enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty, driving sustainable business growth.
Our Suppliers
The Operating Subsidiaries source products mainly from third-party organizations, including medical device, pharmaceutical, and beauty product manufacturers. Additionally, the Operating Subsidiaries collaborate with several OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) factories (refers to manufacturing facilities that produce goods for another company to sell under the latter’s brand name in accordance with the specifications provided by the purchasing
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company) to produce health and beauty products under our brand. The suppliers we currently contract with all hold a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) certificate and comply with the globally recognized quality management standard ISO 9001. As similar alternatives are available in the market, the Operating Subsidiaries do not have ongoing or long-term supply agreements with these suppliers. The Operating Subsidiaries purchase products based on each procurement order. During the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, no single supplier accounted for more than 10% of our total procurement. No single supplier accounted for more than 10% of our revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. This diversified supply chain management ensures stability and flexibility in our product supply, allowing us to adapt to market demands.
Intellectual Property
We regard intellectual properties as critical to our success.
As of the date of this prospectus, we have registered the following trademark:
|
Trademark |
Country/ |
Trademark |
Trademark |
Classification |
Registration |
Trademark |
||||||
|
Wong Kit |
Hong Kong |
304633173 |
|
Class 44 |
August 14, 2018 |
August 13, 2028 |
Patents
We have the exclusive right to use one patent as listed below. As of the date of this prospectus, we have one service that is covered by this Exclusive Patent Licensing Agreement: BTS (Beauty, Tailor-made, Slim) pelvic detox therapy. Pursuant to the Exclusive Patent Licensing Agreement between Beautylab Group Medical Limited (the “Transferee”) and Yiu Yee Chiu (the “Transferor”), the Transferee was granted the exclusive rights to use, design, manufacture, sell products using the patented technology, and export such products worldwide (including Hong Kong) at the consideration of HK$ 1. The Transferee shall be responsible for paying the renewal fee(s) during the term of the patent. The Transferee’s exclusive rights shall remain in effect until the patent expires on July 12, 2031. During the term of this contract, without the Transferee’s written consent, the Transferor may not use, transfer, or authorize any third party to use this patent, nor to design, manufacture, use, sell, or export. If, due to reasons attributable to the Transferor, the patent expires prematurely, then the Transferor shall reimburse the Transferee for the portion of fees paid after the patent’s expiration, calculated on a pro-rata basis. The Transferor shall also compensate the Transferee with interest at the prevailing bank deposit rate, which shall be paid together with the principal amount. During the term of this Agreement, if the legal status of the patent undergoes any changes, the Transferor shall immediately notify the Transferee in writing.
|
Patent Name |
Patent No. |
Owner |
Patent Type |
Term |
Expiration |
|||||
|
Traditional Chinese Medicine Composition and Its Preparation Method for Treating Gynecological Diseases (用於治療婦科疾病的中藥組合物及其製備方法) |
HK30087894 |
Yiu Yee Chiu |
Short-term patent |
8 years |
July 12, 2031 |
Domain Name
As of the date of this prospectus, we have registered the following domain name:
|
Domain Name |
Registered Owner |
Date of Registration |
Expiry Date |
|||
|
hkbeautylab.com |
Beautylab Group Medical Limited |
2018/08/18 |
2026/08/18 |
Employees
As of the date of this prospectus, and as of September 30, 2024, March 31, 2024 and 2023, we had a total of 49, 49, 49 and 47 employees, respectively, all of which are located in Hong Kong.
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The following tables provide a breakdown of our employees by functions and geographic locations as of the date of this prospectus:
|
Functions |
Number of |
|
|
Management and Operations |
10 |
|
|
Sales and Marketing |
14 |
|
|
TCM practitioners and other professionals |
25 |
|
|
Total |
49 |
Properties
As of the date of this prospectus, we leased the following properties in Hong Kong.
|
Location |
Term |
Use of property |
Rent |
|||
|
The whole of the 5th Floor, |
December 17, 2024 – December 16, 2026 |
Retail Operation |
HK$ 51,903/month |
|||
|
Units Nos. 1313 & 1315, |
June 15, 2024 – |
Retail Operation |
HK$ 80,373/month |
|||
|
Suite 1803-06, 18/F., |
November 1, 2022 – |
Office & Retail Operation |
HK$ 142,117/month |
|||
|
Unit No.1505, Carnarvon Plaza, |
July 16, 2024 – |
Retail Operation |
HK$ 97,525/month |
Insurance
We pay social insurance for our employees in accordance with the requirements of the relevant laws and regulations in Hong Kong, including according to the Employees’ Compensation Ordinance (Chapter 282 of the Laws of Hong Kong) and the Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance (Chapter 485 of the Laws of Hong Kong). We also have property insurance for the primary property and equipment required for our business operations to protect against possible risks and losses. We do not maintain business interruption, key person, or product liability insurance.
Seasonality
Our services and products don’t typically have significant seasonal fluctuations in demand. We believe that seasonality does not have a material impact on our business operation.
Legal Proceedings
We are currently not a party to any material legal or administrative proceedings. We may from time to time be subject to various legal or administrative claims and proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. Litigation or any other legal or administrative proceeding, regardless of the outcome, is likely to result in substantial cost and diversion of our resources, including our management’s time and attention.
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CORPORATE HISTORY AND STRUCTURE
Corporate History
On July 14, 2016, Pilate was incorporated as a company with limited liability in Hong Kong. Pilate is engaging in the business of providing wellness services.
On March 14, 2017, Dream International Trading was incorporated as a company with limited liability under the laws of Hong Kong. Dream International Trading is engaging in the business of providing wellness services.
On September 19, 2019, My Beauty Technology was incorporated as a company with limited liability in Hong Kong. My Beauty Technology is engaging in the business of providing wellness services.
On March 7, 2021, Choliya was incorporated as a company with limited liability in Hong Kong. Choliya is engaging in the business of providing wellness services.
For purposes of effectuating this Offering, in November 2024, we completed a series of transactions effectuating the reorganization of our Group (the “Reorganization”). Upon completion of the Reorganization as described below in November 2024, Charming Medical became the holding company of the Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong, through the intermediate holding company, Beautylab BVI.
The Reorganization
In this prospectus, we refer to the following events as the “Reorganization.”
As part of the reorganization, on February 28, 2024, Charming Medical was incorporated as the holding company under the laws of the BVI. On the date of its incorporation, 8,892 Shares, representing 100% of the issued shares, were allotted and issued fully paid at par to Ms. Kit Wong (“Ms. Wong”) for a consideration of US$1,333.80. On May 6, 2024, Beautylab BVI was incorporated in the BVI, as the intermediate wholly-owned holding company by Charming Medical.
On June 18, 2024, Ms. Wong acquired 2,000 ordinary shares of Choliya, representing 20% of Choliya’s equity interests, from an independent third party, for a consideration of HK$2,000. Choliya is 80% owned by Pilate, which is wholly owned by Ms. Wong, and 20% owned by Ms. Wong. As a result, Choliya became wholly owned by Ms. Wong.
On September 10, 2024, Dream International Trading, My Beauty Technology, and Pilate have collectively allotted and issued 99% of the enlarged share capital, consisting of 990,000 ordinary shares to Beautylab BVI, while Ms. Wong’s equity interests in Dream International Trading, My Beauty Technology, and Pilate have been diluted to 1%.
On September 16, 2024, Ms. Wong transferred her 2,000 ordinary shares in Choliya to Pilate for a consideration of HK$2,000, via executing an instrument of transfer and a bought and sold note. As such, Choliya became a 100% wholly-owned subsidiary of Pilate.
On September 19, 2024, Beautylab BVI acquired 10,000 ordinary shares, representing 1% of the share capital of Dream International Trading, My Beauty Technology, and Pilate, respectively, from Ms. Wong.
After completing the Reorganization, the Operating Subsidiaries became indirectly wholly owned by Charming Medical, through the intermediate holding company, Beautylab BVI.
Reclassification and Forward Share Split
On October 18, 2024, the shareholders and director of the Company resolved and approved a redesignation and reclassification of shares and share split at a ratio of 1-to-1,500, as a result of which the Company’s authorized shares was changed to 75,000,000 shares with a par value of US$0.0001, divided as 60,000,000 class A ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.0001 per share (the “Class A Ordinary Shares”) and 15,000,000 class B ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.0001 per share (the “Class B Ordinary Shares”). All ordinary shares and per ordinary share amount used elsewhere in this prospectus and the consolidated financial statements have been retroactively restated to reflect the share split.
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Issuance of Class B Ordinary Shares
On November 1, 2024, the sole director of the Company resolved and approved the allotment and issuance of 2,000,000 class B ordinary shares with par value of US$0.0001 each to Ms. Wong.
Corporate Structure
Charming Medical is a holding company incorporated in British Virgin Islands. As a holding company with no material operations, Charming Medical conducts all of its operations through its Operating Subsidiaries, Pilate, My Beauty Technology, Dream International Trading, and Choliya, all of which are companies incorporated in Hong Kong. This structure involves unique risks to the investors, and the PRC regulatory authorities could disallow this structure, which would likely result in a material change in our operations and/or a material change in the value of the securities we are registering for sale, including that such event could cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or become worthless. Investors are cautioned that you are buying shares of a BVI holding company with operations solely conducted in Hong Kong by its Operating Subsidiaries. You are not directly investing in, and may never hold equity interests of any of our Operating Subsidiaries. Investing in our Class A Ordinary Shares involves a high degree of risk, including the risk of losing your entire investment.
We are offering 1,600,000 Class A Ordinary Shares, representing 10.71% of the Class A Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding following completion of the Offering, assuming the underwriters do not exercise the over-allotment option. Following this Offering, assuming that the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option, 10.71% of the Class A Ordinary Shares of the Company will be held by public shareholders.
Charming Medical’s issued share capital is a dual-class structure consisting of Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares. Class A Ordinary Shares are the only class of Ordinary Shares being offered in this Offering. Holders of Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares shall vote together as one class on all resolutions of the shareholders and have the same rights except each Class A Ordinary Share shall entitle its holder to one (1) vote and each Class B Ordinary Share shall entitle its holder to twenty (20) votes. Each Class B Ordinary Share is convertible into one (1) Class A Ordinary Share at any time at the option of the holder thereof but Class A Ordinary Shares are not convertible into Class B Ordinary Shares.
The following diagram illustrates our corporate structure, including our subsidiaries, as of the date of the prospectus and after this Offering (assuming no exercise of the over-allotment option by the underwriters):

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This section sets forth a summary of the most significant rules and regulations that affect our business in Hong Kong.
Laws Related to Business Registration
The Business Registration Ordinance (Chapter 310 of the Laws of Hong Kong) requires every entity which carries on a business in Hong Kong to apply for business registration and to display the valid business registration certificate at the place of business. Any person who fails to apply for business registration or display a valid business registration certificate at the place of business shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable to a fine of HK$5,000 and imprisonment for one year.
Laws Related to Taxation
Inland Revenue Ordinance (Chapter 112 of the Laws of Hong Kong)
Under the Inland Revenue Ordinance (Chapter 112 of the Laws of Hong Kong), where an employer commences to employ in Hong Kong an individual who is or is likely to be chargeable to tax, or any married person, the employer shall give a written notice to the Commissioner of Inland Revenue not later than three months after the date of commencement of such employment. Where an employer ceases or is about to cease to employ in Hong Kong an individual who is or is likely to be chargeable to tax, or any married person, the employer shall give a written notice to the Commissioner of Inland Revenue not later than one month before such individual ceases to be employed in Hong Kong. The Company has complied with the Inland Revenue Ordinance as at the date of this prospectus.
Tax on dividends
Under the current practice of the Inland Revenue Department of Hong Kong, no tax is payable in Hong Kong in respect of dividends paid by the Company.
Capital gains and profit tax
No tax is imposed in Hong Kong in respect of capital gains from the sale of shares. However, trading gains from the sale of shares by persons carrying on a trade, profession or business in Hong Kong, where such gains are derived from or arise in Hong Kong, will be subject to Hong Kong profits tax which is imposed at the rates of 8.25% on assessable profits up to HKD2,000,000 and 16.5% on any part of assessable profits over HKD2,000,000 on corporations from the year of assessment commencing on or after April 1, 2018. Certain categories of taxpayers (for example, financial institutions, insurance companies and securities dealers) are likely to be regarded as deriving trading gains rather than capital gains unless these taxpayers can prove that the investment securities are held for long-term investment purposes.
Stamp Duty
Hong Kong stamp duty, currently charged at the ad valorem rate of 0.13% on the higher of the consideration for or the market value of the shares, will be payable by the purchaser on every purchase and by the seller on every sale of Hong Kong shares (in other words, a total of 0.26% is currently payable on a typical sale and purchase transaction of Hong Kong shares). In addition, a fixed duty of HK$5 is currently payable on any instrument of transfer of Hong Kong shares. Where one of the parties is a resident outside Hong Kong and does not pay the ad valorem duty due by it, the duty not paid will be assessed on the instrument of transfer (if any) and will be payable by the transferee. If no stamp duty is paid on or before the due date, a penalty of up to ten times the duty payable may be imposed.
Estate duty
Hong Kong estate duty was abolished effective from February 11, 2006. No Hong Kong estate duty is payable by shareholders in relation to the shares owned by them upon death.
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Laws Related to Employment
Employment Ordinance
The Employment Ordinance (Chapter 57 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (the “EO”) provides for, among other things, the basic employment protection of wages to all employees to regulate the general conditions of employment and for matters connected therewith.
The EO provides that where a contract of employment is terminated, any sum due to the employee shall be paid to him as soon as is practicable and in any case not later than seven days after the day of termination. Under the Employment Ordinance, any employer who willfully and without reasonable excuse fails to pay the said sum due to the employee within seven days after the day of termination, commits an offence and is liable to a fine of HK$350,000 and to imprisonment for three years.
Further, the EO provides that if any wages or any sum earned by the employee for work done over the period commencing on the expiry of his wage period next preceding the time of termination up to that time are not paid within seven days from the day on which they become due, the employer shall pay interest at a specified rate on the outstanding amount of wages or sum from the date on which such wages or sum become due up to the date of actual payment. Any employer who willfully and without reasonable excuse fails to pay such wages or sum within seven days from the day on which they become due, commits an offence and is liable on conviction to a fine of HK$10,000.
Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance
The Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance (Chapter 485 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (the “MPFSO”) provides that every employer must take all practicable steps to ensure that each employee is covered under a Mandatory Provident Fund (MPF) scheme. An employer who fails to comply with such a requirement may face a fine and imprisonment. The MPFSO provides that an employer must, for each contribution period, (a) from the employer’s own funds, contribute to the relevant MPF scheme the amount determined in accordance with the MPFSO; and (b) deduct from the employee’s relevant income for that period as a contribution by the employee to that scheme the amount determined in accordance with the MPFSO.
The amount to be contributed and/or deducted by an employer for a contribution period is in the case of a casual employee who is a member of an industry scheme, an amount determined by reference to a scale specified in an order made in accordance with the MPFSO.
Employees’ Compensation Ordinance
The Employees’ Compensation Ordinance (Chapter 282 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (the “ECO”) establishes a no-fault and non-contributory employee compensation system for work injuries and lays down the rights and obligations of employers and employees respectively in respect of injuries or death caused by accidents arising out of and in the course of employment, or by prescribed occupational diseases.
Under the ECO, if an employee sustains an injury or dies as a result of an accident arising out of and in the course of his employment, his employer is generally liable to pay compensation even if the employee might have committed acts of faults or negligence when the accident occurred. Similarly, an employee who suffers incapacity arising from an occupational disease or dies from an occupational disease is entitled to receive the same compensation as that payable to employees injured in occupational accidents.
Under the ECO, an employer must notify the Commissioner for Labour of any work accident by submitting the prescribed form (within fourteen days after the accident for general work accidents and within seven days after the accident for fatal accidents), irrespective of whether the accident gives rise to any liability to pay compensation. If the happening of such accident was not brought to the notice of the employer or did not otherwise come to his knowledge within such period of seven or fourteen days (as the case may be), then such notice shall be given not later than seven days or, as may be appropriate, fourteen days after the happening of the accident was first brought to the notice of the employer or otherwise came to his knowledge.
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The ECO further provides that all employers are required to take out insurance policies to cover their liabilities under the ECO and common law for injuries at workplace for all of their employees. An employer failing to do so is liable on conviction upon indictment to a fine of HK$100,000 and to imprisonment for two years, and on summary conviction to a fine of HK$100,000 and imprisonment for one year.
Minimum Wage Ordinance
The prescribed minimum hourly wage rate (currently set at HK$40.0 per hour) for every employee is govern by the Minimum Wage Ordinance (Chapter 608 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (the “MWO”). Section 15 of the MWO provides that any provision of employment contract which purports to extinguish or reduce the right, benefit or protection conferred on the employee under the MWO is void.
Occupational Safety and Health Ordinance (Chapter 509 of the Laws of Hong Kong)
The Occupational Safety and Health Ordinance provides protection to employees with respect to their safety and health in workplaces. It applies not only to industrial workplaces but also non-industrial.
Under the Occupational Safety and Health Ordinance, every employer must, as far as reasonably practicable, ensure the safety and health at work for all employees by: (a) providing and maintaining plant and systems of work that are safe and without risks to health; (b) making arrangements for ensuring safety and absence of risks to health in connection with the use, handling, storage or transport of plant or substances; (c) providing such information, instruction, training and supervision as may be necessary to ensure the safety and health at work of the employees; (d) as regards any workplace under the employer’s control, (i) maintaining the workplace in a condition that is safe and without risks to health; and (ii) providing or maintaining means of access to and egress from the workplace that are safe and without any such risks; and (e) providing and maintaining a working environment for the employees that is safe and without risks to health. An employer who fails to comply with the above provisions commits an offence and is liable, on summary conviction, to a fine of HK$3,000,000 and on conviction on indictment, to a fine of HK$10,000,000. Further, an employer who intentionally, knowingly or recklessly fails to comply with these provisions commits an offence and is liable, on summary conviction, to a fine of HK$3,000,000 and to imprisonment for six months, and on conviction on indictment, to a fine of HK$10,000,000 and to imprisonment for two years.
The Commissioner for Labour may serve improvement notices on an employer or an occupier of the workplace against contravention of this ordinance or the Factories and Industrial Undertakings Ordinance (Cap 59 of the Laws of Hong Kong), or suspension notices against an activity or condition or use of workplace where there is an imminent risk of death or serious bodily injury. An employer or occupier who fails to comply with such improvement notices without reasonable excuse commits an offence and is liable on conviction to a fine of HK$400,000 and imprisonment of up to twelve months. An employer or occupier who fails to comply with such suspension notices without reasonable excuse commits an offence and is liable on conviction to a fine of HK$1,000,000, to imprisonment for twelve months, and to a further fine of HK$100,000 for each day or part of a day during which such employer or occupier knowingly and intentionally continues the contravention.
Laws Related to Personal Data
Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance (Chapter 486 of the Laws of Hong Kong)
The Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance (“PDPO”) imposes a statutory duty on data users to comply with the requirements of the six data protection principles (the “Data Protection Principles”) contained in Schedule 1 to the PDPO. The PDPO provides that a data user shall not do an act, or engage in a practice, that contravenes a Data Protection Principle unless the act or practice, as the case may be, is required or permitted under the PDPO. The six Data Protection Principles are:
• Principle 1 — purpose and manner of collection of personal data;
• Principle 2 — accuracy and duration of retention of personal data;
• Principle 3 — use of personal data;
• Principle 4 — security of personal data;
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• Principle 5 — information to be generally available; and
• Principle 6 — access to personal data.
Non-compliance with a Data Protection Principle may lead to a complaint to the Privacy Commissioner for Personal Data (the “Privacy Commissioner”). The Privacy Commissioner may serve an enforcement notice to direct the data user to remedy the contravention and/or instigate prosecution actions. A data user who contravenes an enforcement notice commits an offense that may lead to a fine and imprisonment.
The PDPO also gives data subjects certain rights, inter alia:
• the right to be informed by a data user whether the data user holds personal data of which the individual is the data subject;
• if the data user holds such data, to be supplied with a copy of such data; and
• the right to request correction of any data the individual considers to be inaccurate.
The PDPO criminalizes, including, but not limited to, the misuse or inappropriate use of personal data in direct marketing activities, non-compliance with a data access request, and the unauthorized disclosure of personal data obtained without the relevant data user’s consent. An individual who suffers damage, including injured feelings, by reason of a contravention of the PDPO in relation to his or her personal data may seek compensation from the data user concerned.
Laws Related to Chinese Medicine
Chinese Medicine Ordinance (Chapter 549 of the Laws of Hong Kong)
The Chinese Medicine Ordinance (Chapter 549 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (“CMO”) provides for the regulation of activities or matters relating to Chinese medicine, including, among other matters, the licensing requirement of the Chinese medicine practitioner, and the practice, use, manufacture, possession and trading of Chinese medicine in Hong Kong.
According to the CMO, a Chinese medicine practitioner is required to be listed or registered under Chinese Medicine Ordinance holding a Registered Chinese Medicine Practitioner Certificate issued by the Chinese Medicine Council of Hong Kong before he is permitted to practice Chinese medicine in Hong Kong. Under section 108(2) of the CMO, any person who is not a registered Chinese medicine practitioner or listed Chinese medicine practitioner practices Chinese medicine commits an offence and is liable to a fine of HK$100,000 and imprisonment for three years, or on conviction upon indictment to imprisonment for five years. Section 158 of the CMO exempts the registered Chinese medicine practitioners from obtaining licenses for possessing and dispensing Chinese herbal medicines listed in Schedule 1 to the CMO to persons on prescription.
Section 67 of the CMO provides that a person is qualified to apply to be registered as a registered Chinese medicine practitioner if (a) he has passed the Chinese Medicine Practitioners Licensing Examination (the “Licensing Examination”) under section 61 of the CMO; or (b) the Chinese Medicine Practitioners Board of the Chinese Medicine Council of Hong Kong (the “Practitioners Board”) has determined that he is so qualified under section 92 of the CMO. The Chinese Medicine Council of Hong Kong is a statutory body established under the CMO for determining and overseeing the standardized Licensing Examination and the admission of the registered Chinese medicine practitioners in Hong Kong.
For the eligibility for undertaking the Licensing Examination under section 61 of the CMO, one must meet the following requirements: (i) has satisfactorily completed an undergraduate degree course of training in Chinese medicine practice or its equivalent as is approved by the Practitioners Board; and (ii) he has become a listed Chinese medicine practitioner under the transitional arrangements for registration of Chinese medicine practitioners and has been notified by the Practitioners Board that he has to undertake and pass the Licensing Examination before he is eligible for registration as registered Chinese medicine practitioner.
The Practitioners Board sets out the basic requirements of an approved course of training in Chinese medicine practice for the Licensing Examination, which shall be a full-time on campus degree course in Chinese medicine with duration of not less than five years, including a Chinese medicine clinical training of not less than 30 weeks and courses on 10 compulsory subjects on Chinese medicine specified by the Practitioners Board. In addition, the institutions
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conducting the course must fulfill the basic requirements of university and clinical teaching in terms of teaching condition, teaching/practical exercise facilities, education management, library information, teacher qualifications, admission standard and clinical training.
The Licensing Examination by the Practitioners Board includes 2 parts, which include the writing examination and the clinical examination. Upon passing both parts of the Licensing Examination, the person will be issued a “Registered Chinese Medicine Practitioner Certificate” by the Chinese Medicine Council of Hong Kong; and hence be eligible to be a registered Chinese medicine practitioner in Hong Kong.
Laws Related to Product Quality and Liability
Consumer Goods Safety Ordinance (Chapter 456 of the Laws of Hong Kong)
The Consumer Goods Safety Ordinance (Chapter 456 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (“CGSO”) imposes a statutory duty on manufacturers, importers and suppliers of certain consumer goods to ensure that the consumer goods they supply are reasonably safe having regard to all the circumstances. Under CGSO, it is an offence for a person to supply, manufacture or import into Hong Kong consumer goods which fail to comply with the general safety requirement for consumer goods or the specific standards approved by the Secretary for Commerce and Economic Development for those specific types of consumer goods. It shall be a defence for that person to show that he has taken all reasonable steps and exercised all due diligence to avoid committing the offence. Any person who commits an offence shall be liable, on first conviction to a fine of HK$100,000 and imprisonment for one year, and on subsequent conviction to a fine of HK$500,000 and two years’ imprisonment. A continuing offence will result in an additional fine of HK$1,000 per day. The Commissioner of Customs and Excise also has power to serve a recall notice requiring the immediate withdrawal of any consumer goods or products which are believed to be unsafe and may cause serious injury.
Sale of Goods Ordinance (Chapter 26 of the Laws of Hong Kong)
The Sale of Goods Ordinance (Chapter 26 of the Laws of Hong Kong), which codifies the law in relation to the sale of goods, provides that:
• where there is a contract for sale of goods by description, there is an implied condition that the goods shall correspond with the description;
• where the seller sells goods in the course of business, there is an implied condition that the goods supplied under the contract are of merchantable quality, except that there is no such condition: (a) as regards defects specifically drawn to the buyer’s attention before the contract is made; or (b) if the buyer examines the goods before the contract is made, as regards defects which that examination ought to reveal; or (c) if the contract is a contract for sale by sample, as regards defects which would have been apparent on a reasonable examination of the sample; and
• where there is a contract for sale by sample, there is an implied condition that: (a) the bulk shall correspond with the sample in quality; (b) the buyer shall have a reasonable opportunity of comparing the bulk with the sample; and (c) the goods shall be free from any defect, rendering them unmerchantable, which would not be apparent on reasonable examination of the sample.
Subject to the Control of Exemption Clauses Ordinance (Chapter 71 of the laws of Hong Kong), any right, duty or liability arising under a contract of sale of goods by implication of law may be negative or varied by express agreement or by the course of dealing between the parties or by usage if the usage is such as to bind both parties to the contract.
Trade Description Ordinance (Chapter 362 of the Laws of Hong Kong)
The Trade Description Ordinance (Chapter 362 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (“TDO”) regulates the descriptions and statements made to any goods in the course of trade. Under the TDO, it is an offence for a person to, in the course of trade or business, (i) apply a false or misleading trade description to any goods or supply any goods with false or misleading trade descriptions; or (ii) forges any trade mark or falsely apply any trade mark to any goods. A person who commits any such offence is subject to a fine of up to HK$100,000 and imprisonment of up to two years on summary conviction; and is subject to a fine of up to HK$500,000 and imprisonment of up to five years on conviction on indictment.
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Directors and Executive officers |
Age |
Position |
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Kit Wong |
32 |
Chief Executive Officer, Director, and Chairman of the Board |
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Ching Man Cheung |
43 |
Chief Financial Officer |
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Josephine Yan Yeung |
43 |
Independent director nominee(1) |
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Leut Ming Gung |
34 |
Independent director nominee(1) |
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Shu Tai Victor Yu |
57 |
Independent director nominee(1) |
____________
(1) The appointments of the independent directors will become effective immediately upon the Company’s listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market.
Kit Wong, Director, Chief Executive Officer, and Chairman of the Board
Ms. Kit Wong is our Chief Executive Officer, Director, and Chairman of the Board. Ms. Wong has rich experience in postpartum repair, beauty and health, and TCM-inspired long-term health maintenance. She serves as the sole director of Pilate, My Beauty Technology, Dream International Trading, and Choliya, and is also the Managing Director of Athena Beauty (Hong Kong) Group Limited, and CEO of Smooth, a company operating in the skincare industry. In 2015, Ms. Wong founded a skincare brand, Athena Beauty (Hong Kong) Group Limited, where she participated in manufacturing and sales, and established more than 100 distribution points in China via WeChat.
Ching Man Cheung, Chief Financial Officer
Ms. Ching Man Cheung is our Chief Financial Officer. Ms. Cheung has nearly 20 years of experience in the field of accounting and financial management. From 2022 to the present, Ms. Cheung has been the CFO of Beauty Lab, engaging in all accounting issues, financial analysis, budgeting, and financial reporting From 2006 to 2022, Ms. Cheung also acted as accountant manager and financial manager of several companies, including HLB Hodgson Impey Cheng, Emperor Motion Pictures (HK) Limited, Mirach Energy Limited, L’Sea Resources International Holdings Limited, Medicskin Holdings Limited, Titan Petrochemicals Group Limited, Brightoil Petroleum Holdings Limited, and Aberdeen Kai-Fong Welfare Association Social Service Centre. From 2005 to 2006, Ms. Cheung was an accountant at Zhong Yi CPA Hong Kong Company Limited, offering a variety of professional services, including audit reports for listed/unlisted companies and audit planning. Ms. Cheung obtained a Bachelor of Commerce degree from the University of Melbourne, Australia in 2005. Ms. Cheung is a member of the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants (HKICPA). We believe that Ms. Cheung is qualified to serve as our Chief Financial Officer based on her experience in accounting, auditing, financial management experience.
Josephine Yan Yeung, Independent Director Nominee
Ms. Josephine Yan Yeung will be appointed as an independent Director and will be the chairman of the audit committee and a member of the compensation committee and nominating committee immediately upon the Company’s listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market. Ms. Yeung has over 20 years of experience in accounting, auditing, financial management, internal control and corporate governance. From May 2017 to the present, Ms. Yeung has been a practicing partner at Noble Partners CPA Company, a certified public accountants firm in Hong Kong. Ms. Yeung has served as an Independent Director of two Nasdaq-listed companies, including Intelligent Group Limited (Nasdaq: INTJ) since March 2024, Neo-Concept International Group Holdings Limited (Nasdaq: NCI) since April 2024. From April 2018 to June 2020, she served as the authorized representative and company secretary of Tu Yi Holding Company Limited (HKEx: 01701). From September 2019 to April 2020, she served as the company secretary of Link-Asia International MedTech Group Limited (formerly known as Link-Asia International Co. Ltd.) (HKEx: 01143).
From October 2017 to May 2019, Ms. Yeung served as the authorized representative and company secretary of Sunlight (1977) Holdings Limited (HKEx: 08451). From August 2009 to May 2017, Ms. Yeung worked at Verdant Group Limited, a China-focused private investment firm based in Hong Kong with her last position as the group finance director. From September 2003 to July 2009, Ms. Yeung held various positions at Ernst & Young Hong Kong, where she last served as manager in the assurance and advisory business services department, specializing in auditing listed companies in Hong Kong. Ms. Yeung graduated from The Hong Kong University of Science
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and Technology in November 2003 with a Bachelor of Business Administration in Accounting degree. She was admitted as a member and fellow of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants in February 2007 and February 2012, respectively. She was admitted as a member and fellow of the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants in February 2008 and October 2017, respectively. She is currently a practicing certified public accountant in Hong Kong. We believe that Ms. Yeung qualifies to be our independent director because of her significant experience in listed companies, accounting, auditing, financial management, internal control and corporate governance.
Leut Ming Gung, Independent Director Nominee
Mr. Leut Ming Gung will be appointed as an independent Director and will be the chairman of the compensation committee and a member of the audit committee and nominating committee immediately upon the Company’s listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market. Mr. Gung is a seasoned professional with extensive experience in the financial industry. From May 2016 to September 2020, he worked as a financial strategy consultant at Guotai Junan International, a prominent securities firm based in Hong Kong. Following this role, he served as Vice President of Finance at Mooyi International from September 2020 to December 2021, where he managed financial operations for a company that supplies major catering brands across more than 20 countries. Since December 2021, Mr. Gung has been the Chief Executive Officer of Pu Shu Capital, a venture capital firm focused on technology and consumer sectors in China. Additionally, since May 2024, he has been an independent non-executive director of Intelligent Group Limited (Nasdaq: INTJ). Mr. Gung holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering from Nanjing University of Science and Technology and a Master’s Degree in Industrial Engineering and Logistics Management from the University of Hong Kong. We believe that Mr. Gung qualifies to be our independent director because of his significant experience in listed companies and corporate finance.
Shu Tai Victor Yu, Independent Director Nominee
Mr. Shu Tai Victor Yu will be appointed as an independent Director and will be the chairman of the nominating committee and a member of the audit committee and compensation committee immediately upon the Company’s listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market. Mr. Yu is a registered TCM practitioner in Hong Kong with extensive experience in the field. Mr. Yu has been operating as a self-employed professional, offering Chinese medicine-related consultation service in Hong Kong since 2015. Prior to that, Mr. Yu has worked as a TCM practitioner specializing in acupuncture point embedding, orthopedics and weight loss treatments at various institutions including Dr. Protalk from 2012 to 2013, Cutis Limited from 2013 to 2014, and the Beauty Medical from 2013 to 2015. From 2011 to 2012, he served as the Chief Chinese Medicine practitioner at the Chinese Medicine Village. Between 2008 and 2010, he worked as a TCM practitioner at another TCM beauty service provider offering treatments for weight loss, stem cells, placenta, and acupuncture point embedding. He served as a TCM practitioner at Fuming Tong from 2007 to 2008, where he specialized in internal medicine and orthopedics. From 2005 to 2007, he served as a TCM practitioner at Phama, providing weight loss services to customers. From 2000 to 2002, Mr. Yu worked as a TCM practitioner at the Hong Kong Hospital of Chinese Medicine, focusing on gastroenterology, orthopedics, and acupuncture. He then served as the chief TCM practitioner at the Chinese Medical Center (Kaiser Cosmetology) from 2002 to 2003, specializing in weight loss and placenta treatments. He graduated from the Hong Kong Polytechnic University in 1988 and later pursued a career in Chinese Medicine, earning a certificate from the Hong Kong Elite College of Chinese Medicine in 1994. We believe that Mr. Yu qualifies to be our independent director because of his significant experience in TCM and TCM beauty.
Family Relationships
None of the directors or executive officers have a family relationship as defined in Item 401 of Regulation S-K.
Terms of Directors
Pursuant to our Articles of Association, each of our directors holds office for the term, if any, fixed by the resolution of shareholders or resolution of directors appointing him/her, or until his/her earlier death, resignation or removal. If no term is fixed on the appointment of a director, the director serves indefinitely until his/her earlier death, resignation or removal.
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Employment Agreements and Director Offer Letters
Employment Agreements with Named Executive Officers
The following is a summary of the material terms of the employment agreements between the Company and its executive officers:
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Kit Wong, |
Term of Employment |
3 years, automatically extends for a successive 3-year term unless terminated. |
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Base Salary |
HK$900,000 annually, inclusive of statutory welfare reserves, subject to annual review and adjustment. |
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Bonus |
Eligible for bonuses as determined by the Board. |
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Equity Incentive Plan |
Eligible to participate in any share incentive plan adopted by the Company, subject to the terms and conditions of such plan as determined by the Board. |
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Other Benefits |
Eligible to participate in the Company’s employee benefit plans, including retirement, health and life insurance, and travel/holiday plans. |
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Duties and Responsibilities |
Ms. Wong shall be employed on a full-time basis and is expected to work the standard business hours of the Company, subject to any additional requirements necessary to fulfill her duties. She shall devote all of her working time, attention and skills to the performance of her duties at the Company. Her duties at the Company include all jobs assigned by the Company’s Board of Directors. |
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Outside Roles |
Ms. Wong shall not, without the prior written consent of the Board, serve as an officer or member of the board of directors or advisory board (or the equivalent in the case of a non-corporate entity) of non-competing for-profit businesses and charitable organizations, provided, however, that such activities do not materially interfere, individually or in the aggregate, with the performance of her duties and responsibilities to the Company. |
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Non-Compete and Non-Solicitation |
During the term of employment and for one year thereafter, Ms. Wong may not (i) engage with or be employed by a competing business, (ii) solicit the Company’s clients, or (iii) recruit the Company’s employees. Passive investment in less than 5% of a publicly traded competitor is permitted with written disclosure. |
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Termination Notice |
Either party may terminate by providing at least 3 months’ prior written notice before the end of the current term. |
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Ching Man Cheung, Chief Financial Officer |
Term of Employment |
3 years, automatically extends for a successive 3-year term unless terminated. |
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Base Salary |
HK$572,000 annually, inclusive of statutory welfare reserves, subject to annual review and adjustment. |
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Bonus |
Guaranteed Bonus HK$44,000, payable every October 7. Eligible for additional bonuses as determined by the Board. |
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Equity Incentive Plan |
Eligible to participate in any share incentive plan adopted by the Company, subject to the terms and conditions of such plan as determined by the Board. |
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Other Benefits |
Eligible to participate in the Company’s employee benefit plans, including retirement, health and life insurance, and travel/holiday plans. |
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Duties and Responsibilities |
Ms. Cheung shall be employed on a full-time basis and is expected to work the standard business hours of the Company, subject to any additional requirements necessary to fulfill her duties. She shall devote all of her working time, attention and skills to the performance of her duties at the Company. Her duties at the Company include all tasks assigned by the Board and/or CEO of the Company. |
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Outside Roles |
Ms. Cheung shall not, without the prior written consent of the Board, serve as an officer or member of the board of directors or advisory board (or the equivalent in the case of a non-corporate entity) of non-competing for-profit businesses and charitable organizations, provided, however, that such activities do not materially interfere, individually or in the aggregate, with the performance of her duties and responsibilities to the Company. |
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Non-Compete and Non-Solicitation |
During the term of employment and for one year thereafter, Ms. Cheung may not (i) be employed by or otherwise engage in any competing business, (ii) solicit the Company’s clients, or (iii) recruit the Company’s employees. Passive investment in less than 5% of a publicly traded competitor is permitted with written disclosure. |
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Termination Notice |
Either party may terminate by providing at least 1-month prior written notice before the end of the current term. |
A full copy of the employment agreements with Ms. Kit Wong and Ms. Ching Man Cheung is available in Exhibits 10.1 and 10.2. Please also see “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — Our Chief Executive Officer, Kit Wong, also holds certain management positions and directorships of other companies and may allocate her time to such other businesses, thereby causing conflicts of interest in her determination as to how much time to devote to the business affairs of our Company. This could have a negative impact on our ability to implement our plan of operation” on page 40 of this prospectus.
Agreements with independent directors
We plan to enter into director offer letters with each of our independent director nominees which agreements set forth the terms and provisions of their engagement.
Election of Officers
Our executive officers are appointed by, and serve at the discretion of, our Board of Directors.
Board of Directors
We expect our Board of Directors to consist of four directors, three of whom will be independent as such term is defined by the Nasdaq Capital Market. We expect that all current directors will continue to serve after this Offering.
The directors will be up for re-election at our annual general meeting of shareholders.
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A director may vote in respect of any contract or transaction in which he is interested, provided, the interested director shall, forthwith after becoming aware of the fact that he is interested in a transaction entered into or to be entered into by the Company, disclose the interest to all other directors of the Company. A disclosure to all other directors to the effect that such director is a member, director or officer of another named entity or has a fiduciary relationship with respect to the entity or a named individual and is to be regarded as interested in any transaction which may, after the date of the entry or disclosure, be entered into with that entity or individual, is a sufficient disclosure of interest in relation to that transaction. A director may be counted for a quorum upon a motion in respect of any contract or arrangement which he shall make with our company, or in which he is so interested and may vote on such motion.
Board Committees
We plan to establish three committees under the Board of Directors: an audit committee, a compensation committee and a nominating committee. We plan to adopt a charter for each of the three committees. Copies of our committee charters will be posted on our corporate investor relations website prior to our listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market.
Each committee’s members and functions are described below.
Audit Committee. Our audit committee will consist of Josephine Yan Yeung, Leut Ming Gung, and Shu Tai Victor Yu upon the Company’s listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market. Josephine Yan Yeung will be the chair of our audit committee. We have determined that Josephine Yan Yeung, Leut Ming Gung, and Shu Tai Victor Yu will satisfy the “independence” requirements of Section 5605(a)(2) of the Nasdaq Listing Rules and Rule 10A-3 under the Securities Exchange Act. Our board also has determined that Josephine Yan Yeung qualifies as audit committee financial experts within the meaning of the SEC rules or possesses financial sophistication within the meaning of the Nasdaq Listing Rules. The audit committee will oversee our accounting and financial reporting processes and the audits of the financial statements of our company. The audit committee will be responsible for, among other things:
• appointing the independent auditors and pre-approving all auditing and non-auditing services permitted to be performed by the independent auditors;
• reviewing with the independent auditors any audit problems or difficulties and management’s response;
• discussing the annual audited financial statements with management and the independent auditors;
• reviewing the adequacy and effectiveness of our accounting and internal control policies and procedures;
• reviewing and approving all proposed related party transactions;
• meeting separately and periodically with management and the independent auditors; and
• monitoring compliance with our code of business conduct and ethics, including reviewing the adequacy and effectiveness of our procedures to ensure proper compliance.
Compensation Committee. Our compensation committee will consist of Josephine Yan Yeung, Leut Ming Gung, and Shu Tai Victor Yu upon the Company’s listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market. Leut Ming Gung will be the chair of our compensation committee. The compensation committee will be responsible for, among other things:
• reviewing and approving, or recommending to the board for its approval, the compensation for our chief executive officer and other executive officers;
• reviewing and recommending to the shareholders for determination with respect to the compensation of our directors;
• reviewing periodically and approving any incentive compensation or equity plans, programs or similar arrangements; and
• selecting compensation consultant, legal counsel or other adviser only after taking into consideration all factors relevant to that person’s independence from management.
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Nominating Committee. Our nominating committee will consist of Josephine Yan Yeung, Leut Ming Gung, and Shu Tai Victor Yu upon the Company’s listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market. Shu Tai Victor Yu will be the chair of our nominating committee. We have determined that Josephine Yan Yeung, Leut Ming Gung, and Shu Tai Victor Yu satisfy the “independence” requirements under Nasdaq Rule 5605. The nominating committee will assist the Board of Directors in selecting individuals qualified to become our directors and in determining the composition of the board and its committees. The nominating committee will be responsible for, among other things:
• selecting and recommending to the board nominees for election by the shareholders or appointment by the board;
• reviewing annually with the board the current composition of the board with regards to characteristics such as independence, knowledge, skills, experience and diversity;
• making recommendations on the frequency and structure of board meetings and monitoring the functioning of the committees of the board; and
• advising the board periodically with regards to significant developments in the law and practice of corporate governance as well as our compliance with applicable laws and regulations, and making recommendations to the board on all matters of corporate governance and on any remedial action to be taken.
Board Oversight of Cybersecurity Risks
Our Board of Directors plays an active role in monitoring cybersecurity risks and is committed to the prevention, timely detection, and mitigation of the effects of any such incidents on our operations. Our Board of Directors focuses on determining and reviewing our general risk management policies and strategy, identifying any significant risk that we may face, and overseeing the implementation of risk mitigation strategies, while the management is responsible for day-to-day risk management processes. We believe this division of responsibilities is the most effective approach for addressing our cybersecurity risks and that our board leadership structure supports this approach. We have currently adopted an offline store management system, coupled with stable and reliable software and hardware solutions for our payment and appointment management.
Duties of Directors
Under BVI law, our Board of Directors has the powers necessary for managing, directing and supervising our business affairs. The functions and powers of our Board of Directors include, among others:
• convening shareholders’ annual general meetings and reporting its work to shareholders at such meetings;
• declaring dividends and distributions;
• appointing officers and determining the term of office of the officers; and
• maintaining or registering a register of charges of the Company.
Under BVI law, our directors have a duty to act honestly, in good faith and with a view to our best interests. Our directors also have a duty to exercise the care, diligence and skills that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in comparable circumstances. You should refer to “Description of Shares — Differences in Corporate Law” for additional information on our standard of corporate governance under BVI law. In fulfilling their duty of care to us, our directors must ensure compliance with our post-offering memorandum and articles of association. We have the right to seek damages if a duty owed by our directors is breached.
Interested Transactions
A director may vote, attend a board meeting or sign a document on our behalf with respect to any contract or transaction in which he or she is interested. A director must promptly disclose the interest to all other directors after becoming aware of the fact that he or she is interested in a transaction we have entered into or are to enter into. A general notice or disclosure to the board or otherwise contained in the minutes of a meeting or a written resolution of the board or any committee of the board that a director is a shareholder, director, officer or trustee of any specified firm or company and is to be regarded as interested in any transaction with such firm or company will be sufficient disclosure, and, after such general notice, it will not be necessary to give special notice relating to any particular transaction.
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Foreign Private Issuer Exemption
Following the completion of this Offering, we will be a “foreign private issuer” under the securities laws of the U.S. and Nasdaq’s corporate governance standards. As a result, in accordance with the rules and regulations of Nasdaq, we may choose to comply with home country governance requirements and certain exemptions thereunder rather than complying with Nasdaq corporate governance standards. We may choose to take advantage of the following exemptions afforded to foreign private issuers:
• Exemption from filing quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, from filing proxy solicitation materials on Schedule 14A or 14C in connection with annual or special meetings of shareholders, from providing current reports on Form 8-K disclosing significant events within four days of their occurrence, and from the disclosure requirements of Regulation FD.
• Exemption from Section 16 rules regarding sales of Class A Ordinary Shares by insiders, which will provide less data in this regard than shareholders of U.S. companies that are subject to the Exchange Act.
• Exemption from the Nasdaq rules applicable to domestic issuers requiring disclosure within four business days of any determination to grant a waiver of the code of business conduct and ethics to directors and officers. Although we will require board approval of any such waiver, we may choose not to disclose the waiver in the manner set forth in the Nasdaq rules, as permitted by the foreign private issuer exemption.
• Exemption from the requirement that our Board of Directors have a compensation committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities.
• Exemption from the requirements that director nominees are selected, or recommended for selection by our Board of Directors, either by (1) independent directors constituting a majority of our Board of Directors’ independent directors in a vote in which only independent directors participate, or (2) a committee composed solely of independent directors, and that a formal written charter or board resolution, as applicable, addressing the nominations process is adopted.
Furthermore, Nasdaq Rule 5615(a)(3) provides that a foreign private issuer, such as us, may rely on our home country corporate governance practices in lieu of certain of the rules in the Nasdaq Rule 5600 Series and Rule 5250(d), provided that we nevertheless comply with Nasdaq’s Notification of Noncompliance requirement (Rule 5625), the Voting Rights requirement (Rule 5640) and that we have an audit committee that satisfies Rule 5605(c)(3), consisting of committee members that meet the independence requirements of Rule 5605(c)(2)(A)(ii). If we rely on our home country corporate governance practices in lieu of certain of the rules of Nasdaq, our shareholders may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of Nasdaq. If we choose to do so, we may utilize these exemptions for as long as we continue to qualify as a foreign private issuer.
Although we are permitted to follow certain corporate governance rules that conform to BVI requirements in lieu of many of the Nasdaq corporate governance rules, we intend to comply with the Nasdaq corporate governance rules applicable to foreign private issuers, including the requirement to hold annual meetings of shareholders.
Controlled Company Exception
We may also be eligible to utilize the controlled company exemptions under the Nasdaq corporate governance rules. Under the Nasdaq rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power with respect to the election of directors is held by another person or group of persons acting together is a “controlled company” and may elect not to comply with certain stock exchange rules regarding corporate governance, including the following requirements:
• that a majority of its board of directors consists of independent directors;
• that its director nominees be selected or recommended for the board’s selection by a majority of the board’s independent directors in a vote in which only independent directors participate or by a nominating committee composed solely of independent directors, in either case, with a formal written charter or board resolutions, as applicable, addressing the nominations process and such related matters as may be required under the federal securities laws; and
• that its compensation committee be composed solely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities.
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As of the date of this prospectus, our Controlling Shareholder, Kit Wong, owns 77.60% of our total issued and outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares and 100% issued and outstanding Class B Ordinary Shares, representing 94.4% of the total voting power. Following the completion of this Offering, Kit Wong will own 69.29% of our total issued and outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares and 100% issued and outstanding Class B Ordinary Shares, representing 91.65% of the total voting power, assuming the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option. As a result, we are, and following this offering will continue to be a “controlled company” as defined under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5615(c) because our controlling shareholder will hold more than 50% of the voting power for the election of directors. Controlled companies must still comply with the exchange’s other corporate governance standards. These include having an audit committee and the special meetings of independent or non-management directors.
Although we do not intend to rely on the controlled company exemptions under the Nasdaq listing rules even if we are deemed a controlled company, we could elect to rely on these exemptions in the future, and if so, you would not have the same protection afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of the Nasdaq Capital Market. If we elected to rely on the “controlled company” exemption, a majority of the members of our Board of Directors might not be independent directors and our nominating and corporate governance and compensation committees might not consist entirely of independent directors.
Other Corporate Governance Matters
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as related rules subsequently implemented by the SEC, requires foreign private issuers, including us, to comply with various corporate governance practices. In addition, Nasdaq rules provide that foreign private issuers may follow home country practices in lieu of the Nasdaq corporate governance standards, subject to certain exceptions and except to the extent that such exemptions would be contrary to U.S. federal securities laws.
Because we are a foreign private issuer, our members of our Board of Directors, executive board members and senior management are not subject to short-swing profit and insider trading reporting obligations under section 16 of the Exchange Act. They will, however, be subject to the obligations to report changes in share ownership under section 13 of the Exchange Act and related SEC rules.
Qualification
There is currently no shareholding qualification for directors, although a shareholding qualification for directors may be fixed by our shareholders by ordinary resolution. There are no other arrangements or understandings pursuant to which our directors are selected or nominated.
Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings
To the best of our knowledge, none of our directors or officers has been convicted in a criminal proceeding, excluding traffic violations or similar misdemeanors, nor has any been a party to any judicial or administrative proceeding during the past five years that resulted in a judgment, decree or final order enjoining the person from future violations of, or prohibiting activities subject to, federal or state securities laws, or a finding of any violation of federal or state securities laws, except for matters that were dismissed without sanction or settlement. Except as set forth in our discussion below in “Related Party Transactions,” our directors and officers have not been involved in any transactions with us or any of our affiliates or associates which are required to be disclosed pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.
Code of Conduct, Code of Ethics, Insider Trading Policy and Executive Compensation Recovery Policy
Prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, we intend to adopt (i) a written code of business conduct and ethics and (ii) Insider Trading Policy that applies to our Directors, officers, and employees, including our chief executive officer, chief financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller or persons performing similar functions, and we also intend to adopt an (iii) Executive Compensation Recovery Policy that applies to our officers, and employees, including our chief executive officer, chief financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller or persons performing similar functions, (collectively the “Policies”). We intend to disclose any amendments to the Policies, and any waivers of the Policies for our Directors, executive officers and senior finance executives, on our website to the extent required by applicable U.S. federal securities laws and the corporate governance rules of Nasdaq.
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Compensation of Directors and Executive Officers
For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we paid an aggregate of HK$2,008,634 (US$257,240) and HK$1,300,236 (US$166,174), respectively, as compensation to our directors and executive officers as well as an aggregate of HK$30,000 (US$3,842) and HK$53,674 (US$6,860), respectively, as contributions to the Mandatory Provident Fund (“MPF”), a statutory retirement scheme introduced after the enactment of the Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance in Hong Kong.
As the appointments of our independent directors will only become effective immediately upon the Company’s listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market, for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we did not have any non-executive directors and therefore have not paid any compensation to any non-executive directors.
Except for our contribution to the MPF, we have not set aside or accrued any amount to provide pension, retirement, or other similar benefits to our directors and executive officers.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
We have not adopted any equity compensation plans.
Outstanding Equity Awards at Financial Year-end
We had no outstanding equity awards as of March 31, 2024.
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Relationships with related parties
|
Name of the Related Party |
Relationship with the Company |
|
|
Ms. Wong Kit (“Ms. Wong”) |
Controlling Shareholder and Chief Executive Officer of the Company |
|
|
Ms. Wong Ting Ting |
Sister of Ms. Wong, and employee of the Company |
|
|
Ms. Liu Qiong |
Mother of Ms. Wong, and employee of the Company |
Amounts due from a related party consists of the following:
|
As of |
As of March 31, |
|||||||||
|
Name |
Nature |
2024 |
2023 |
2022 |
||||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
US$ |
||||||||
|
Ms. Wong |
Amount due from a director |
73,523 |
885,056 |
1,817,177 |
567,847 |
|||||
|
Totals |
73,523 |
885,056 |
1,817,177 |
567,847 |
||||||
The balances with related parties are unsecured, interest free with no specific repayment terms. These balances represented funds transferred to Ms. Kit Wong, the chairwoman, director and Controlling Shareholder of the Company, for the payment made on behalf of the Company’s for the purchase of inventories and consumables and the receipt of service fees on behalf of the Company’s from payment platforms, including Payme, Alipay and Faster Payment System, and fund transfer for daily operations. As of the date of this prospectus, the balance of amount due from Ms. Wong as of September 30, 2024 had been fully settled or collected.
The Company does not have significant related party transactions incurred during the years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 except for the following:
(i) For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, staff costs and employee benefits paid to Ms. Wong Ting Ting were US$30,674, US$22,052 and nil, respectively, and Ms. Liu Qiong were US$16,116, US$13,395 and US$40,387, respectively. For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, staff costs and employee benefits paid to Ms. Wong Ting Ting were US$23,091 and US$6,312, respectively, and Ms. Liu Qiong were US$14,310 and US$8,052, respectively. Both Ms. Wong Ting Ting and Ms. Liu Qiong are employees of the Company.
(ii) Remuneration to Ms. Wong for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were:
|
Years ended March 31, |
||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
2022 |
||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
US$ |
||||
|
Salaries and other short-term employee benefits |
166,174 |
144,728 |
94,543 |
|||
|
Payments to defined contribution pension schemes |
6,860 |
6,836 |
4,700 |
|||
|
Total |
173,034 |
151,564 |
99,243 |
|||
Remuneration to senior management for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were:
|
Six months ended |
||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
Remuneration to senior management: |
||||
|
Salaries and other short-term employee benefits |
114,664 |
110,611 |
||
|
Payments to defined contribution pension schemes |
2,854 |
4,415 |
||
|
Total |
117,518 |
115,026 |
||
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The following table sets forth information with respect to beneficial ownership of our Class A Ordinary Shares as of the date of this prospectus by:
• Each person who is known by us to beneficially own more than 5% our outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares;
• Each of our director, director nominees and named executive officers; and
• All directors and named executive officers as a group.
The number and percentage of Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares beneficially owned before the Offering are based on 13,338,000 Class A Ordinary Shares and 2,000,000 Class B Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding (reflecting a 1-for-1,500 forward split of our Ordinary Shares, approved by our shareholders and directors on October 18, 2024) as of the date of this prospectus.
Holders of Class A Ordinary Share will be entitled to one vote per share. Information with respect to beneficial ownership has been furnished by each director, officer or beneficial owner of more than 5% of either Class A Ordinary Shares or Class B Ordinary Shares. Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and generally requires that such person have voting or investment power with respect to securities.
In computing the number of Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares beneficially owned by a person listed below and the percentage ownership of such person, Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares underlying options, warrants or convertible securities held by each such person that are exercisable or convertible within 60 days of the date of this prospectus are deemed outstanding, but are not deemed outstanding for computing the percentage ownership of any other person. Except as otherwise indicated in the footnotes to this table, or as required by applicable community property laws, all persons listed have sole voting and investment power for all Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares shown as beneficially owned by them.
Unless otherwise indicated in the footnotes, the address for each principal shareholder is Units 1803-1806, 18/F, Hang Lung Centre, 2-20 Paterson Street, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong. As of the date of this prospectus, there are 7 shareholders of record.
|
Name of Beneficial Owner |
Class A Ordinary |
Class B Ordinary |
Class A Ordinary |
Class B Ordinary |
Voting |
||||||||||||||||||
|
Number |
Percentage |
Number |
Percentage |
Number |
Percentage |
Number |
Percentage |
Percentage(5) |
|||||||||||||||
|
Directors, Director Nominees and Named Executive Officers: |
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||
|
Kit Wong |
10,350,360 |
77.60 |
% |
2,000,000 |
100 |
% |
10,350,360 |
69.29 |
% |
2,000,000 |
100 |
% |
91.65 |
% |
|||||||||
|
Ching Man Cheung |
— |
— |
% |
— |
— |
% |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
% |
— |
|
|||||||||
|
Josephine Yan Yeung |
— |
— |
% |
— |
— |
% |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
% |
— |
|
|||||||||
|
Leut Ming Gung |
— |
— |
% |
— |
— |
% |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
% |
— |
|
|||||||||
|
Shu Tai Victor Yu |
— |
— |
% |
— |
— |
% |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
% |
— |
|
|||||||||
|
Directors and executive officers as a group |
10,350,360 |
77.60 |
% |
2,000,000 |
100 |
% |
10,350,360 |
69.29 |
% |
2,000,000 |
100 |
% |
91.65 |
% |
|||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
5% or Greater Shareholders: |
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||
|
Kit Wong |
10,350,360 |
77.60 |
% |
2,000,000 |
100 |
% |
10,350,360 |
69.29 |
% |
2,000,000 |
100 |
% |
91.65 |
% |
|||||||||
____________
(1) Calculation based on 13,338,000 Class A Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding as of the date of this prospectus.
(2) Calculation based on 2,000,000 Class B Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding as of the date of this prospectus.
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(3) Based on 14,938,000 Class A Ordinary Shares that will be outstanding after this offering and that the underwriters do not exercise the over-allotment option.
(4) Based on 2,000,000 Class B Ordinary Shares that will be outstanding after this offering.
(5) Percentage total voting power represents voting power with respect to all shares of our Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares, as a single class. Each holder of Class B Ordinary Shares shall be entitled to twenty (20) votes per Class B Ordinary Share and each holder of Class A Ordinary Shares shall be entitled to one (1) vote per Class A Ordinary Share on all matters submitted to our shareholders for a vote. The Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares vote together as a single class on all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders, except as may otherwise be required by law. The Class B Ordinary Share is convertible at any time by the holder into shares of Class A Ordinary Share on a share-for-share basis.
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We are incorporated as a BVI business company under the BVI Act, under the laws of the BVI on February 28, 2024.
On October 18, 2024, the shareholders and director of the Company resolved and approved an redesignation and reclassification of shares and share split at a ratio of 1-to-1,500, as a result of which the maximum number of shares can be issued by the Company was changed to 75,000,000 shares with a par value of US$0.0001 per share, divided as 60,000,000 class A ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.0001 per share (the “Class A Ordinary Shares”) and 15,000,000 class B ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.0001 per share (the “Class B Ordinary Shares”). All Ordinary Shares and per Ordinary Share amount used elsewhere in this prospectus and the consolidated financial statements have been retroactively restated to reflect the share split.
As of the date of this prospectus, we are authorized to issue a maximum of 60,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares and 15,000,000 Class B Ordinary Shares.
The following are summaries of the material provisions of our [second] amended and restated memorandum and articles of association (the “Amended Memorandum and Articles”) and the BVI Act, insofar as they relate to the material terms of our Ordinary Shares. The forms of our Amended Memorandum and Articles are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
Ordinary Shares
All of our issued Ordinary Shares are fully paid and non-assessable. Certificates evidencing the Ordinary Shares are issued in registered form. Our shareholders who are non-residents of the British Virgin Islands may freely hold and vote their Ordinary Shares.
Share Rights
Each Ordinary Share confers upon the shareholder:
(a) the right to attend any meeting of Shareholders;
(b) the right to an equal share in any dividend paid by the Company against each other Ordinary Share
(c) the right to an equal share in the distribution of the surplus assets of the Company against each other Ordinary Share
(d) such other rights and entitlements as may be specified in the Articles
The holders of the Class A Ordinary Shares are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of the shareholders. Holders of Class B Ordinary Shares are entitled to 20 votes for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders. The holders of our Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares generally vote together as a single class on all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders, unless otherwise required by the law of the BVI or the Amended Memorandum and Articles.
Our Ordinary Shareholders have no conversion, pre-emptive or other subscription rights and there are no sinking fund or redemption provisions applicable to the Ordinary Shares.
Register of Members
Under the BVI Act, the shares are deemed to be issued when the name of the shareholder is entered in the register of members. Our register of members will be maintained by our transfer agent, Computershare Inc.
If:
(a) information that is required to be entered in the register of members is omitted from the register or is inaccurately entered in the register; or
(b) there is unreasonable delay in entering information in the register, a shareholder of the company, or any person who is aggrieved by the omission, inaccuracy or delay, may apply to the British Virgin Islands Courts for an order that the register be rectified, and the court may either refuse the application or order the rectification of the register, and may direct the Company to pay all costs of the application and any damages the applicant may have sustained.
123
Dividends
We have not paid any cash dividends on our shares to date. The payment of cash dividends in the future will be dependent upon our revenues and earnings. Under the BVI laws and our post-offering memorandum and articles of association, we may only pay a dividend or make a distribution to our shareholders if, following such dividend or distribution, the value of our assets will exceed our liabilities and we will be able to pay our debts as they fall due.
Listing
We plan to list our Class A Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “MCTA.” We cannot guarantee that we will be successful in listing on Nasdaq; however, we will not complete this Offering unless we receive approval letter for our listing.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
The transfer agent and registrar for the Class A Ordinary Shares is Transhare Corporation, with its offices located at Bayside Center 1, 17755 North US Highway 19, Suite No. 140, Clearwater, FL 33764.
Differences in Corporate Laws
The BVI Act and the laws of the BVI affecting BVI companies like us and our shareholders differ from laws applicable to U.S. corporations and their shareholders. Set forth below is a summary of the significant differences between the provisions of the laws of the BVI applicable to us and the laws applicable to companies incorporated in the United States and their shareholders.
Mergers and similar arrangements
Under the laws of the BVI, two or more companies may merge or consolidate in accordance with Section 170 of the BVI Act. A merger means the merging of two or more constituent companies into one of the constituent companies and a consolidation means the uniting of two or more constituent companies into a new company. In order to merge or consolidate, the directors of each constituent company must approve a written plan of merger or consolidation, which with the exception of a merger between a parent company and its subsidiary, must be approved by a resolution of a majority of the shareholders. While a director may vote on the plan of merger or consolidation even if he has a financial interest in the plan, the interested director must disclose the interest to all other directors of the company promptly upon becoming aware of the fact that he is interested in a transaction entered into or to be entered into by the company. A transaction entered into by our Company in respect of which a director is interested (including a merger or consolidation) is voidable by us unless the director’s interest was (a) disclosed to the board prior to the transaction or (b) the transaction is (i) between the director and the company and (ii) the transaction is in the ordinary course of the company’s business and on usual terms and conditions. Notwithstanding the above, a transaction entered into by the company is not voidable if the material facts of the interest are known to the shareholders and they approve or ratify it or the company received fair value for the transaction. In any event, all shareholders must be given a copy of the plan of merger or consolidation irrespective of whether they are entitled to vote at the meeting to approve the plan of merger or consolidation. The shareholders of the constituent companies are not required to receive shares of the surviving or consolidated company but may receive debt obligations or other securities of the surviving or consolidated company, other assets, or a combination thereof. Further, some or all of the shares of a class or series may be converted into a kind of asset while the other shares of the same class or series may receive a different kind of asset. As such, not all the shares of a class or series must receive the same kind of consideration. After the plan of merger or consolidation has been approved by the directors and authorized by a resolution of the shareholders, articles of merger or consolidation are executed by each company and filed with the Registrar of Corporate Affairs in the BVI. A shareholder may dissent from a mandatory redemption of his shares, pursuant to an arrangement (if permitted by the court), a merger (unless the shareholder was a shareholder of the surviving company prior to the merger and continues to hold the same or similar shares after the merger) or a consolidation. A shareholder properly exercising his dissent rights is entitled to a cash payment equal to the fair value of his shares.
A shareholder dissenting from a merger or consolidation must object in writing to the merger or consolidation before the vote by the shareholders on the merger or consolidation, unless notice of the meeting was not given to the shareholder. If the merger or consolidation is approved by the shareholders, the company must give notice of this fact to each shareholder who gave written objection within 20 days following the date of shareholders’ approval. These shareholders then have 20 days from the date of the notice to give to the company their written election in the form specified by the BVI Act to dissent from the merger or consolidation, provided that in the case of a merger, the 20 days starts when the plan of merger is delivered to the shareholder. Upon giving notice of his election to dissent, a shareholder ceases to have any shareholder
124
rights except the right to be paid the fair value of his shares. As such, the merger or consolidation may proceed in the ordinary course notwithstanding his dissent. Within seven days of the later of the delivery of the notice of election to dissent and the effective date of the merger or consolidation, the company must make a written offer to each dissenting shareholder to purchase his shares at a specified price per share that the company determines to be the fair value of the shares. The company and the shareholder then have 30 days to agree upon the price. If the company and a shareholder fail to agree on the price within the 30 days, then the company and the shareholder shall, within 20 days immediately following the expiration of the 30-day period, each designate an appraiser and these two appraisers shall designate a third appraiser. These three appraisers shall fix the fair value of the shares as of the close of business on the day prior to the shareholders’ approval of the transaction without considering any change in value as a result of the transaction.
Shareholders’ suits
There are both statutory and common law remedies available to our shareholders as a matter of BVI law. These are summarized below.
Prejudiced members
A shareholder who considers that the affairs of the company have been, are being, or are likely to be, conducted in a manner that is, or any act or acts of the company have been, or are, likely to be oppressive, unfairly discriminatory or unfairly prejudicial to him in that capacity, can apply to the court under Section 184I of the BVI Act, inter alia, for an order that his Class A Ordinary Shares be acquired, that he be provided compensation, that the Court regulate the future conduct of the company, or that any decision of the company which contravenes the BVI Act or our Memorandum and Articles of Association be set aside.
Derivative actions
Section 184C of the BVI Act provides that a shareholder of a company may, with the leave of the Court, bring an action in the name of the company to redress any wrong done to it.
Just and equitable winding up
In addition to the statutory remedies outlined above, shareholders can also petition for the winding up of a company on the grounds that it is just and equitable for the court to so order. Save in exceptional circumstances, this remedy is only available where the company has been operated as a quasi-partnership and trust and confidence between the partners has broken down.
Indemnification of directors and executive officers and limitation of liability
BVI law does not limit the extent to which a company’s articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any provision providing indemnification may be held by the BVI courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Under our memorandum and articles of association, we indemnify against all expenses, including legal fees, and against all judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and reasonably incurred in connection with legal, administrative or investigative proceedings for any person who:
• is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed proceedings, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that the person is or was our director; or
• is or was, at our request, serving as a director or officer of, or in any other capacity is or was acting for, another body corporate or a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise.
These indemnities only apply if the person acted honestly and in good faith with a view to our best interests and, in the case of criminal proceedings, the person had no reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.
This standard of conduct is generally the same as permitted under the Delaware General Corporation Law for a Delaware corporation. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers or persons controlling us under the foregoing provisions, we have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.
125
Anti-takeover provisions in our Memorandum and Articles of Association
Some provisions of our memorandum and articles of association may discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company or management that shareholders may consider favorable. However, under BVI law, our directors may only exercise the rights and powers granted to them under our memorandum and articles of association, as amended and restated from time to time, as they believe in good faith to be in the best interests of our company.
Directors’ fiduciary duties
Under Delaware corporate law, a director of a Delaware corporation has a fiduciary duty to the corporation and its shareholders. This duty has two components: the duty of care and the duty of loyalty. The duty of care requires that a director act in good faith, with the care that an ordinarily prudent person would exercise under similar circumstances. Under this duty, a director must inform himself of, and disclose to shareholders, all material information reasonably available regarding a significant transaction.
The duty of loyalty requires that a director act in a manner he reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the corporation. He must not use his corporate position for personal gain or advantage. This duty prohibits self-dealing by a director and mandates that the best interest of the corporation and its shareholders take precedence over any interest possessed by a director, officer or controlling shareholder and not shared by the shareholders generally. In general, actions of a director are presumed to have been made on an informed basis, in good faith and in the honest belief that the action taken was in the best interests of the corporation. However, this presumption may be rebutted by evidence of a breach of one of the fiduciary duties. Should such evidence be presented concerning a transaction by a director, a director must prove the procedural fairness of the transaction, and that the transaction was of fair value to the corporation.
Under BVI law, our directors owe the company certain statutory and fiduciary duties including, among others, a duty to act honestly, in good faith, for a proper purpose and with a view to what the directors believe to be in the best interests of the company. Our directors are also required, when exercising powers or performing duties as a director, to exercise the care, diligence and skill that a reasonable director would exercise in comparable circumstances, considering without limitation, the nature of the company, the nature of the decision and the position of the director and the nature of the responsibilities undertaken. In the exercise of their powers, our directors must ensure neither they nor the company acts in a manner which contravenes the BVI Act or our memorandum and articles of association, as amended and restated from time to time. A shareholder has the right to seek damages for breaches of duties owed to us by our directors.
Shareholder action by written consent
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may eliminate the right of shareholders to act by written consent by amendment to its certificate of incorporation. BVI law and our Memorandum and Articles provide that shareholders may approve corporate matters by way of a written resolution without a meeting signed by or on behalf of shareholders sufficient to constitute the requisite majority of shareholders who would have been entitled to vote on such matter at a general meeting; provided that if the consent is less than unanimous, notice must be given to all non-consenting shareholders.
Shareholder proposals
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a shareholder has the right to put any proposal before the annual meeting of shareholders, provided it complies with the notice provisions in the governing documents. A special meeting may be called by the Board of Directors, or any other person authorized to do so in the governing documents, but shareholders may be precluded from calling special meetings. BVI law and our memorandum and articles of association allow our shareholders holding not less than 30% of voting rights entitled to vote on any matter for which a meeting is to be convened may request that the directors shall requisition a shareholders’ meeting. We are not obliged by law to call shareholders’ annual general meetings, but our memorandum and articles of association do permit the directors to call such a meeting. The location of any shareholders’ meeting can be determined by the Board of Directors and can be held anywhere in the world.
Cumulative voting
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, cumulative voting for elections of directors is not permitted unless the corporation’s certificate of incorporation specifically provides for it. Cumulative voting potentially facilitates the representation of minority shareholders on a Board of Directors since it permits the minority shareholder to cast
126
all the votes to which the shareholder is entitled on a single director, which increases the shareholder’s voting power with respect to electing such director. The BVI law does not expressly permit cumulative voting for directors, our memorandum and articles of association do not provide for cumulative voting. As a result, our shareholders are not afforded any less protections or rights on this issue than shareholders of a Delaware corporation.
Removal of directors
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a director of a corporation with a classified board may be removed only for cause with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under our memorandum and articles of association, directors can be removed from office, with or without cause, by a resolution of shareholders passed at a meeting of Shareholders called for the purpose of removing the director or for purposes including the removal of the director or by written resolution passed by at least 75% of the votes of the shareholders of the company. Directors can also be removed with cause by a resolution of directors passed at a meeting of directors called for the purpose of removing the director or for purposes including the removal of the director.
Transactions with interested shareholders
The Delaware General Corporation Law contains a business combination statute applicable to Delaware public corporations whereby, unless the corporation has specifically elected not to be governed by such statute by amendment to its certificate of incorporation, it is prohibited from engaging in certain business combinations with an “interested shareholder” for three years following the date that such person becomes an interested shareholder. An interested shareholder generally is a person or group who or which owns or owned 15% or more of the target’s outstanding voting shares within the past three years. This has the effect of limiting the ability of a potential acquirer to make a two-tiered bid for the target in which all shareholders would not be treated equally. The statute does not apply if, among other things, prior to the date on which such shareholder becomes an interested shareholder, the Board of Directors approves either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the person becoming an interested shareholder. This encourages any potential acquirer of a Delaware public corporation to negotiate the terms of any acquisition transaction with the target’s Board of Directors. BVI law has no comparable statute and our memorandum and articles of association do not expressly provide for the same protection afforded by the Delaware business combination statute.
Dissolution; Winding Up
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, unless the Board of Directors approves the proposal to dissolve, dissolution must be approved by shareholders holding 100% of the total voting power of the corporation. Only if the dissolution is initiated by the Board of Directors may it be approved by a simple majority of the corporation’s outstanding shares. Delaware law allows a Delaware corporation to include in its certificate of incorporation a supermajority voting requirement in connection with dissolutions initiated by the board. Under the BVI Act and our memorandum and articles of association, we may appoint a voluntary liquidator by a resolution of the shareholders or by resolution of directors) subject to section 199(2) of the BVI Act.
Variation of rights of shares
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may vary the rights of a class of shares with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares of such class, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under our memorandum and articles of association, if at any time our shares are divided into different classes of shares, the rights attached to any class may only be varied, whether or not our company is in liquidation, with the consent in writing of or by a resolution passed at a meeting by a majority of not less than 50 percent of the votes cast by those entitled to vote at a meeting of the holders of the issued shares in that class.
Amendment of governing documents
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation’s governing documents may be amended with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. As permitted by BVI law, our Memorandum and Articles of Association may be amended by a resolution of shareholders and, subject to certain exceptions, by a resolution of directors. An amendment is effective from the date it is registered at the Registry of Corporate Affairs in the BVI.
127
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
Before our initial public offering, there has not been a public market for our Class A Ordinary Shares, including our Class A Ordinary Shares. Future sales of substantial amounts of Class A Ordinary Shares in the public market after our initial public offering, or the possibility of these sales occurring, could cause the prevailing market price for our Class A Ordinary Shares to fall or impair our ability to raise equity capital in the future.
Upon completion of this Offering and assuming the issuance of 1,600,000 Class A Ordinary Shares offered hereby and exclusion of the exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option, we will have an aggregate of 14,938,000 Class A Ordinary Shares outstanding. Of that amount, 1,600,000 Class A Ordinary Shares will be publicly held by investors participating in this Offering, and 13,338,000 Class A Ordinary Shares will be held by our existing shareholders, some of whom may be our affiliates as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. As defined in Rule 144, an affiliate of an issuer is a person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, the issuer.
The Class A Ordinary Shares sold in this Offering will be freely tradable by persons other than our affiliates in the United States without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act. The Class A Ordinary Shares purchased by one of our affiliates may not be resold, except pursuant to an effective registration statement or an exemption from registration, including an exemption under Rule 144 under the Securities Act described below.
All of our Class A Ordinary Shares that will be outstanding upon the completion of this Offering, other than those Class A Ordinary Shares sold in this Offering are “restricted securities,” as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. These restricted securities are eligible for public sale only if they are registered under the Securities Act or if they qualify for an exemption from registration under Rule 144 or Rule 701 under the Securities Act, which are summarized below.
Rule 144
In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, once we have been subject to public company reporting requirements for at least 90 days, a person who is not deemed to have been one of our affiliates for purposes of the Securities Act at any time during the 90 days preceding a sale and who has beneficially owned the shares proposed to be sold for at least six months, including the holding period of any prior owner other than our affiliates, is entitled to sell those shares without complying with the manner of sale, volume limitation or notice provisions of Rule 144, subject to compliance with the public information requirements of Rule 144. If such a person has beneficially owned the shares proposed to be sold for at least one year, including the holding period of any prior owner other than our affiliates, then that person is entitled to sell those shares without complying with any of the requirements of Rule 144.
In general, under Rule 144, as currently in effect, our affiliates or persons selling shares on behalf of our affiliates are entitled to sell within any three-month period beginning 90 days after the date of this prospectus, a number of shares that does not exceed the greater of:
• 1% of the number of Class A Ordinary Shares then outstanding, or
• the average weekly trading volume of the Class A Ordinary Shares during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of a notice on Form 144 with respect to such sale.
Sales under Rule 144 by our affiliates or persons selling shares on behalf of our affiliates are also subject to certain manner of sale provisions and notice requirements and to the availability of current public information about us.
Rule 701
In general, under Rule 701 as currently in effect, any of our employees, consultants or advisors who purchase our Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares from us in connection with a compensatory stock or option plan or other written agreement in a transaction before the effective date of our initial public offering that was completed in reliance on Rule 701 and complied with the requirements of Rule 701 will be eligible to resell such shares 90 days after the date of this prospectus in reliance on Rule 144, but without compliance with certain restrictions, including the holding period, contained in Rule 144.
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Regulation S
Regulation S provides generally that sales made in offshore transactions are not subject to the registration or prospectus-delivery requirements of the Securities Act.
Lock-up Agreements
Our directors, executive officers and holders of more than 5% of our Class A Ordinary Shares have agreed, subject to limited exceptions, not to offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase or otherwise dispose of, directly or indirectly, or enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of our Class A Ordinary Shares or such other securities for a period of six (6) months after the date of this prospectus, without the prior written consent of the underwriters. See “Underwriting.”
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The following summary of certain BVI, Hong Kong and U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in our Class A Ordinary Shares is based upon laws and relevant interpretations thereof in effect as of the date of this prospectus, all of which are subject to change. This summary does not deal with all possible tax consequences relating to an investment in the Class A Ordinary Shares, such as the tax consequences under U.S. state and local tax laws or under the tax laws of jurisdictions other than the BVI and the United States. You are encouraged to consult your own tax advisors concerning the overall tax consequences arising in your own particular situation under U.S. federal, state, local or foreign law of the ownership of our Class A Ordinary Shares. To the extent that this discussion relates to matters of BVI tax law, it is the opinion of Harney Westwood & Riegels, our counsel as to BVI law. To the extent that this discussion relates to matters of Hong Kong tax law, it is the opinion of Mr. Jeremy Cheung, a Hong Kong barrister in law with respect to matters of Hong Kong tax law.
The brief description below of the U.S. federal income tax consequences to “U.S. Holders” will apply to you if you are a beneficial owner of shares and you are, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
• an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
• a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;
• an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
• a trust that (1) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and the control of one or more U.S. persons for all substantial decisions or (2) has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.
WE URGE POTENTIAL PURCHASERS OF OUR SHARES TO CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS CONCERNING THE U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND NON-U.S. TAX CONSEQUENCES OF PURCHASING, OWNING AND DISPOSING OF OUR SHARES.
United States Federal Income Tax Considerations
The following discussion is a summary of United States federal income tax considerations relating to the ownership and disposition of our Class A Ordinary Shares by a U.S. holder (as defined below) that holds our Class A Ordinary Shares as “capital assets” (generally, property held for investment) under the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). This discussion is based upon existing United States federal income tax law, which is subject to differing interpretations and may be changed, possibly with retroactive effect. No ruling has been sought from the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) with respect to any United States federal income tax consequences described below, and there can be no assurance that the IRS or a court will not take a contrary position. This discussion does not address all aspects of United States federal income taxation that may be important to particular investors in light of their individual circumstances, including investors subject to special tax rules (for example, banks or other financial institutions, insurance companies, broker-dealers, pension plans, cooperatives, traders in securities that have elected the mark-to-market method of accounting for their securities, partnerships and their partners, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts, and tax-exempt organizations (including private foundations)), holders who are not U.S. holders, holders who own (directly, indirectly, or constructively) 10% or more of our voting shares, holders who will hold their Ordinary Shares as part of a straddle, hedge, conversion, constructive sale, or other integrated transaction for United States federal income tax purposes, or investors that have a functional currency other than the United States dollar, all of whom may be subject to tax rules that differ significantly from those summarized below. In addition, this discussion does not discuss any non-United States, alternative minimum tax, state, or local tax considerations, or the Medicare tax on net investment income. Each U.S. holder is urged to consult its tax advisors regarding the United States federal, state, local, and non-United States income and other tax considerations with respect to the ownership and disposition of our Class A Ordinary Shares.
General
For purposes of this discussion, a “U.S. holder” is a beneficial owner of our Class A Ordinary Shares that is, for United States federal income tax purposes, (i) an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States, (ii) a corporation (or other entity treated as a corporation for United States federal income tax purposes) created in, or
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organized under the laws of, the United States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia, (iii) an estate the income of which is subject to United States federal income taxation regardless of its source, or (iv) a trust (A) the administration of which is subject to the primary supervision of a United States court and which has one or more United States persons who have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (B) that has otherwise elected to be treated as a United States person under applicable United States Treasury regulations.
If a partnership (or other entity treated as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes) is a beneficial owner of our Class A Ordinary Shares, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. Partnerships holding our Class A Ordinary Shares and partners in such partnerships are urged to consult their tax advisors as to the particular United States federal income tax consequences of an investment in our Class A Ordinary Shares.
Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations
A non-United States corporation, such as our company, will be a “passive foreign investment company” or “PFIC” for United States federal income tax purposes, if, in any particular taxable year, either (i) 75% or more of its gross income for such year consists of certain types of “passive” income or (ii) 50% or more of the average quarterly value of its assets (as determined on the basis of fair market value) during such year produce or are held for the production of passive income. For this purpose, cash is categorized as a passive asset and the company’s unbooked intangibles associated with active business activities may generally be classified as active assets. Passive income generally includes, among other things, dividends, interest, rents, royalties, and gains from the disposition of passive assets. We will be treated as owning a proportionate share of the assets and earning a proportionate share of the income of any other corporation in which we own, directly or indirectly, at least 25% (by value) of the stock.
The discussion below under “Dividends” and “Sale or Other Disposition of Class A Ordinary Shares” is written on the basis that we will not be or become a PFIC for United States federal income tax purposes. The United States federal income tax rules that apply if we are a PFIC for the current taxable year or any subsequent taxable year are generally discussed below under “Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules”.
Dividends
Subject to the Passive Foreign Investment Company rules (“PFIC rules”) discussed below, any cash distributions (including the amount of any tax withheld) paid on our Class A Ordinary Shares out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under United States federal income tax principles, will generally be includible in the gross income of a U.S. holder as dividend income on the day actually or constructively received by the U.S. holder. Because we do not intend to determine our earnings and profits on the basis of United States federal income tax principles, any distribution paid will generally be reported as a “dividend” for United States federal income tax purposes. A non-corporate recipient of dividend income will generally be subject to tax on dividend income from a “qualified foreign corporation” at a reduced United States federal tax rate rather than the marginal tax rates generally applicable to ordinary income provided that certain holding period requirements are met.
A non-United States corporation (other than a corporation that is a PFIC for the taxable year in which the dividend is paid or the preceding taxable year) will generally be considered to be a qualified foreign corporation (a) if it is eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive tax treaty with the United States which the Secretary of Treasury of the United States determines is satisfactory for purposes of this provision and which includes an exchange of information program, or (b) with respect to any dividend it pays on stock which is readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States. In the event we are deemed to be a resident enterprise under the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law, we may be eligible for the benefits of the United States-PRC income tax treaty (which the U.S. Treasury Department has determined is satisfactory for this purpose) and in that case we would be treated as a qualified foreign corporation with respect to dividends paid on our Class A Ordinary Shares. Each non-corporate U.S. holder is advised to consult its tax advisors regarding the availability of the reduced tax rate applicable to qualified dividend income for any dividends we pay with respect to our Class A Ordinary Shares. Dividends received on the Class A Ordinary Shares will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to corporations.
Dividends will generally be treated as income from foreign sources for United States foreign tax credit purposes and will generally constitute passive category income. In the event that we are deemed to be a PRC “resident enterprise” under the Enterprise Income Tax Law, a U.S. holder may be subject to PRC withholding taxes on dividends paid on our Class A Ordinary Shares. In that case, a U.S. holder may be eligible, subject to a number of complex limitations,
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to claim a foreign tax credit in respect of any foreign withholding taxes imposed on dividends received on Ordinary Shares. A U.S. holder who does not elect to claim a foreign tax credit for foreign tax withheld may instead claim a deduction, for United States federal income tax purposes, in respect of such withholdings, but only for a year in which such U.S. holder elects to do so for all creditable foreign income taxes. The rules governing the foreign tax credit are complex. U.S. holders are advised to consult their tax advisors regarding the availability of the foreign tax credit under their particular circumstances.
Sale or Other Disposition of Class A Ordinary Shares
Subject to the PFIC rules discussed below, you will recognize taxable gain or loss on any sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of a share equal to the difference between the amount realized (in U.S. dollars) for the share and your tax basis (in U.S. dollars) in the Class A Ordinary Shares. The gain or loss will be treated as a capital gain or loss. If you are a non-corporate U.S. Holder, including an individual U.S. Holder, who has held the Class A Ordinary Shares for more than one year, you will be eligible for reduced tax rates. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. Any such gain or loss that you recognize will generally be treated as United States source income or loss for foreign tax credit limitation purposes.
Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules
Based on our current and anticipated operations and the composition of our assets, we were not PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes for the taxable years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. Depending on the amount of cash we raise in this Offering, together with any other assets held for the production of passive income, it is possible that, for the current or for any subsequent year, more than 50% of our assets may be assets which produce passive income, in which case we would be deemed a PFIC, which could have adverse US federal income tax consequences for US taxpayers who are shareholders. We will make this determination following the end of any particular tax year. PFIC status is a factual determination for each taxable year which cannot be made until the close of the taxable year. A non-U.S. corporation is considered a PFIC, as defined in Section 1297(a) of the US Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”), for any taxable year if either:
• at least 75% of its gross income is passive income; or
• at least 50% of the value of its assets (based on an average of the quarterly values of the assets during a taxable year) is attributable to assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income (the “asset test”).
We will be treated as owning our proportionate share of the assets and earning our proportionate share of income of any other corporation in which we own, directly or indirectly, at least 25% (by value) of the stock.
We must make a separate determination each year as to whether we are a PFIC, however, and there can be no assurance with respect to our status as a PFIC for our current taxable year or any future taxable year. Depending on the amount of cash we raise in this Offering, together with any other assets held for the production of passive income, it is possible that, for our current taxable year or for any subsequent taxable year, more than 50% of our assets may be assets held for the production of passive income. We will make this determination following the end of any particular tax year. In addition, because the value of our assets for purposes of the asset test will generally be determined based on the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares and because cash is generally considered to be an asset held for the production of passive income, our PFIC status will depend in large part on the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares and the amount of cash we raise in this Offering. Accordingly, fluctuations in the market price of the Class A Ordinary Shares may cause us to become a PFIC. In addition, the application of the PFIC rules is subject to uncertainty in several respects and the composition of our income and assets will be affected by how, and how quickly, we spend the cash we raise in this Offering. We are under no obligation to take steps to reduce the risk of our being classified as a PFIC, and as stated above, the determination of the value of our assets will depend upon material facts (including the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares from time to time and the amount of cash we raise in this Offering) that may not be within our control. If we are a PFIC for any year during which you hold Class A Ordinary Shares, we will continue to be treated as a PFIC for all succeeding years during which you hold Class A Ordinary Shares. If we cease to be a PFIC and you did not previously make a timely “mark-to-market” election as described below, you will continue to be treated as a PFIC, however, you may avoid some of the adverse effects of the PFIC regime by making a “purging election” (as described below) with respect to the Class A Ordinary Shares.
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If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which you hold Class A Ordinary Shares, you will be subject to special tax rules with respect to any “excess distribution” that you receive and any gain you realize from a sale or other disposition (including a pledge) of the Class A Ordinary Shares, unless you make a “mark-to-market” election as discussed below. Distributions you receive in a taxable year that are greater than 125% of the average annual distributions you received during the shorter of the three preceding taxable years or your holding period for the Class A Ordinary Shares will be treated as an excess distribution. Under these special tax rules:
• the excess distribution or gain will be allocated ratably over your holding period for the Class A Ordinary Shares;
• the amount allocated to the current taxable year, and any taxable year prior to the first taxable year in which we were a PFIC, will be treated as ordinary income,
• the amount allocated to each other year will be subject to the highest tax rate in effect for that year and the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax will be imposed on the resulting tax attributable to each such year, and
• An additional tax equal to the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax will be imposed on the tax attributable to each prior taxable year, other than a pre-PFIC year.
The tax liability for amounts allocated to years prior to the year of disposition or “excess distribution” cannot be offset by any net operating losses for such years, and gains (but not losses) realized on the sale of the Class A Ordinary Shares cannot be treated as capital, even if you hold the Class A Ordinary Shares as capital assets.
A U.S. Holder of “marketable stock” (as defined below) in a PFIC may make a mark-to-market election for such stock to elect out of the tax treatment discussed above. If you make a mark-to-market election for the Class A Ordinary Shares, you will include in income each year an amount equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the Class A Ordinary Shares as of the close of your taxable year over your adjusted basis in such Class A Ordinary Shares. You are allowed a deduction for the excess, if any, of the adjusted basis of the Class A Ordinary Shares over their fair market value as of the close of the taxable year. However, deductions are allowable only to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains on the Class A Ordinary Shares included in your income for prior taxable years. Amounts included in your income under a mark-to-market election, as well as gain on the actual sale or other disposition of the Class A Ordinary Shares, are treated as ordinary income. Ordinary loss treatment also applies to the deductible portion of any mark-to-market loss on the Class A Ordinary Shares, as well as to any loss realized on the actual sale or disposition of the Class A Ordinary Shares, to the extent that the amount of such loss does not exceed the net mark-to-market gains previously included for such Class A Ordinary Shares. Your basis in the will be adjusted to reflect any such income or loss amounts. If you make a valid mark-to-market election, the tax rules that apply to distributions by corporations which are not PFICs would apply to distributions by us, except that the lower applicable capital gains rate for qualified dividend income discussed above under “Taxation of Dividends and Other Distributions on our Class A Ordinary Shares” generally would not apply.
The mark-to-market election is available only for “marketable stock,” which is stock that is traded in other than de minimis quantities on at least 15 days during each calendar quarter (“regularly traded”) on a qualified exchange or other market (as defined in applicable U.S. Treasury regulations), including the Nasdaq Capital Market. If the Class A Ordinary Shares are regularly traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market and if you are a holder of Class A Ordinary Shares, the mark-to-market election would be available to you were we to be or become a PFIC.
Alternatively, a U.S. Holder of stock in a PFIC may make a “qualified electing fund” election with respect to such PFIC to elect out of the tax treatment discussed above. A U.S. Holder who makes a valid qualified electing fund election with respect to a PFIC will generally include in gross income for a taxable year such holder’s pro rata share of the corporation’s earnings and profits for the taxable year. However, the qualified electing fund election is available only if such PFIC provides such U.S. Holder with certain information regarding its earnings and profits as required under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations. We do not currently intend to prepare or provide the information that would enable you to make a qualified electing fund election. If you hold Class A Ordinary Shares in any year in which we are a PFIC, you will be required to file U.S. Internal Revenue Service Form 8621 regarding distributions received on the Class A Ordinary Shares and any gain realized on the disposition of the Class A Ordinary Shares.
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If you do not make a timely “mark-to-market” election (as described above), and if we were a PFIC at any time during the period you hold our Class A Ordinary Shares, then such Class A Ordinary Shares will continue to be treated as stock of a PFIC with respect to you even if we cease to be a PFIC in a future year, unless you make a “purging election” for the year we cease to be a PFIC. A “purging election” creates a deemed sale of such Class A Ordinary Shares at their fair market value on the last day of the last year in which we are treated as a PFIC. The gain recognized by the purging election will be subject to the special tax and interest charge rules treating the gain as an excess distribution, as described above. As a result of the purging election, you will have a new basis (equal to the fair market value of the Class A Ordinary Shares on the last day of the last year in which we are treated as a PFIC) and holding period (which new holding period will begin the day after such last day) in your Class A Ordinary Shares for tax purposes.
IRC Section 1014(a) provides for a step-up in basis to the fair market value for our Class A Ordinary Shares when inherited from a decedent that was previously a holder of our Class A Ordinary Shares. However, if we are determined to be a PFIC and a decedent that was a U.S. Holder did not make either a timely qualified electing fund election for our first taxable year as a PFIC in which the U.S. Holder held (or was deemed to hold) our Class A Ordinary Shares, or a mark-to-market election and ownership of those Class A Ordinary Shares are inherited, a special provision in IRC Section 1291(e) provides that the new U.S. Holder’s basis should be reduced by an amount equal to the IRC Section 1014 basis minus the decedent’s adjusted basis just before death. As such if we are determined to be a PFIC at any time prior to a decedent’s passing, the PFIC rules will cause any new U.S. Holder that inherits our Class A Ordinary Shares from a U.S. Holder to not get a step-up in basis under IRC Section 1014 and instead will receive a carryover basis in those Class A Ordinary Shares.
You are urged to consult your tax advisors regarding the application of the PFIC rules to your investment in our Class A Ordinary Shares and the elections discussed above.
Information Reporting
Dividend payments with respect to our Class A Ordinary Shares and proceeds from the sale, exchange or redemption of our Class A Ordinary Shares may be subject to information reporting to the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and possible U.S. backup withholding at a current rate of 24%. Backup withholding will not apply, however, to a U.S. Holder who furnishes a correct taxpayer identification number and makes any other required certification on U.S. Internal Revenue Service Form W-9 or who is otherwise exempt from backup withholding. U.S. Holders who are required to establish their exempt status generally must provide such certification on U.S. Internal Revenue Service Form W-9. U.S. Holders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the application of the U.S. information reporting and backup withholding rules.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited against your U.S. federal income tax liability, and you may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules by filing the appropriate claim for refund with the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and furnishing any required information. We do not intend to withhold taxes for individual shareholders. However, transactions effected through certain brokers or other intermediaries may be subject to withholding taxes (including backup withholding), and such brokers or intermediaries may be required by law to withhold such taxes.
Under the Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment Act of 2010, certain U.S. Holders are required to report information relating to our Class A Ordinary Shares, subject to certain exceptions (including an exception for Class A Ordinary Shares held in accounts maintained by certain financial institutions), by attaching a complete Internal Revenue Service Form 8938, Statement of Specified Foreign Financial Assets, with their tax return for each year in which they hold Class A Ordinary Shares. Failure to report the information could result in substantial penalties. You should consult your own tax advisor regarding your obligation to file Form 8938.
Hong Kong Taxation
Profits Tax
No tax is imposed in Hong Kong in respect of capital gains from the sale of property, such as our Class A Ordinary Shares. Generally, gains arising from disposal of the Class A Ordinary Shares which are held more than two years are considered capital in nature. However, trading gains from the sale of property by persons carrying on a trade, profession or business in Hong Kong where such gains are derived from or arise in Hong Kong from such trade, profession or business will be chargeable to Hong Kong profit tax. Liability for Hong Kong profits tax would therefore
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arise in respect of trading gains from the sale of Class A Ordinary Shares realized by persons in the course of carrying on a business of trading or dealing in securities in Hong Kong where the purchase or sale contracts are effected (being negotiated, concluded and/or executed) in Hong Kong. Effective from April 1, 2018, profits tax is levied on a two-tiered profits tax rate basis, with the first HK$2 million of profits being taxed at 8.25% for corporations and 7.5% for unincorporated businesses, and profits exceeding the first HK$2 million being taxed at 16.5% for corporations and 15% for unincorporated businesses.
In addition, Hong Kong does not impose withholding tax on gains derived from the sale of stock in Hong Kong companies and does not impose withholding tax on dividends paid outside of Hong Kong by Hong Kong companies. Accordingly, investors will not be subject to Hong Kong withholding tax with respect to a disposition of their Ordinary Shares or with respect to the receipt of dividends on their Ordinary Shares, if any. No income tax treaty relevant to the acquiring, withholding or dealing in the Class A Ordinary Shares exists between Hong Kong and the United States.
Stamp duty
Hong Kong stamp duty is generally payable on the transfer of “Hong Kong stocks”. The term “stocks” refers to shares in companies incorporated in Hong Kong, as widely defined under the Stamp Duty Ordinance (Cap. 117 of the laws of Hong Kong), or SDO, and includes shares. However, our Class A Ordinary Shares are not considered “Hong Kong stocks” under the SDO since the transfer of the Class A Ordinary Shares are not required to be registered in Hong Kong given that the books for the transfer of Class A Ordinary Shares are located in the United States. The transfer of Class A Ordinary Shares is therefore not subject to stamp duty in Hong Kong. If Hong Kong stamp duty applies, both the purchaser and the seller are liable for the stamp duty charged on each of the sold note and bought note at the ad valorem rate of 0.1% on the higher of the consideration stated on the contract notes or the fair market value of the shares transferred. In addition, a fixed duty, currently of HK$5.00, is payable on an instrument of transfer.
Certain Mainland China Tax Laws and Regulations Consideration
The Arrangement between Mainland China and Hong Kong for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income (“Double Tax Avoidance Arrangement”)
The National People’s Congress of the PRC enacted the Enterprise Income Tax Law, which became effective on January 1, 2008 and last amended on December 29, 2018. According to Enterprise Income Tax Law and the Regulation on the Implementation of the Enterprise Income Tax Law, or the Implementing Rules, which became effective on January 1, 2008 and further amended on April 23, 2019, dividends generated after January 1, 2008 and payable by a foreign-invested enterprise in Mainland China to its foreign enterprise investors are subject to a 10% withholding tax, unless any such foreign enterprise investor’s jurisdiction of incorporation has a tax treaty with the PRC that provides for a preferential withholding arrangement. According to the Notice of the State Administration of Taxation (“SAT”) on Negotiated Reduction of Dividends and Interest Rates issued on January 29, 2008, revised on February 29, 2008, and the Arrangement between Mainland China and Hong Kong for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income, or Double Tax Avoidance Arrangement, the withholding tax rate in respect of the payment of dividends by a Mainland China enterprise to a Hong Kong enterprise may be reduced to 5% from a standard rate of 10% if the Hong Kong enterprise directly holds at least 25% of the Mainland China enterprise and certain other conditions are met, including: (i) the Hong Kong enterprise must directly own the required percentage of equity interests and voting rights in the Mainland China resident enterprise; and (ii) the Hong Kong enterprise must have directly owned such required percentage in the Mainland China resident enterprise throughout the 12 months prior to receiving the dividends. However, based on the Circular on Certain Issues with Respect to the Enforcement of Dividend Provisions in Tax Treaties issued on February 20, 2009 by the SAT, if the relevant PRC tax authorities determine, in their discretion, that a company benefits from such reduced income tax rate due to a structure or arrangement that is primarily tax-driven, such Mainland China tax authorities may adjust the preferential tax treatment; and based on the Announcement on Certain Issues with Respect to the “Beneficial Owner” in Tax Treaties issued by the SAT on February 3, 2018 and effective from April 1, 2018, if an applicant’s business activities do not constitute substantive business activities, it could result in the negative determination of the applicant’s status as a “beneficial owner,” and consequently, the applicant could be precluded from enjoying the above-mentioned reduced income tax rate of 5% under the Double Tax Avoidance Arrangement.
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We are a holding company incorporated in the BVI with all our operations conducted and all revenue generated by our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong. We do not have, nor do we currently intend to establish, any subsidiary in Mainland China or set up any establishment in Mainland China. We do not plan to enter into any contractual arrangements to establish a VIE structure with any entity in Mainland China, and none of our subsidiaries directly or indirectly holds any interests in any enterprises in Mainland China. We believe neither the Company, nor its subsidiaries, are subject to Enterprise Income Tax Law, Double Tax Avoidance Arrangement or any Mainland Chinese taxation law and regulations, nor these law and regulations have any impact on our business, operations or this Offering.
Enterprise Income Tax Law
The Enterprise Income Tax Law and the Implementing Rules impose a uniform 25% enterprise income tax rate to both foreign invested enterprises and domestic enterprises in Mainland China, except where tax incentives are granted to special industries and projects. Under the Enterprise Income Tax Law, an enterprise established outside PRC with “de facto management bodies” within Mainland China is considered a “resident enterprise” for Mainland China enterprise income tax purposes and is generally subject to a uniform 25% enterprise income tax rate on its worldwide income. The Notice Regarding the Determination of Chinese-Controlled Offshore Incorporated Enterprises as PRC Tax Resident Enterprises on the Basis of De Facto Management Bodies promulgated by the SAT and last amended on December 29, 2017 and the Announcement of the State Administration of Taxation on Issues concerning the Determination of Resident Enterprises Based on the Standards of Actual Management Institutions promulgated by the SAT on January 29, 2014 set out the standards used to classify certain Chinese invested enterprises controlled by Mainland China enterprises or Mainland China enterprise groups and established outside of China as “resident enterprises,” which also clarified that dividends and other income paid by such Mainland China “resident enterprises” will be considered Mainland China source income and subject to Mainland China withholding tax, currently at a rate of 10%, when paid to non-Mainland China enterprise shareholders. This notice also subjects such Mainland China “resident enterprises” to various reporting requirements with the Mainland China tax authorities. Under the Implementing Rules, a “de facto management body” is defined as a body that has material and overall management and control over the manufacturing and business operations, personnel and human resources, finances and properties of an enterprise.
On October 17, 2017, the SAT issued the Bulletin on Issues Concerning the Withholding of Non-PRC Resident Enterprise Income Tax at Source, or Bulletin 37, which replaced the Notice on Strengthening Administration of Enterprise Income Tax for Share Transfers by Non-PRC Resident Enterprises, issued by the SAT, on December 10, 2009, and partially replaced and supplemented by the rules under the Bulletin on Issues of Enterprise Income Tax on Indirect Transfers of Assets by Non-PRC Resident Enterprises, or Bulletin 7, issued by the SAT, on February 3, 2015. Under Bulletin 7, an “indirect transfer” of assets, including equity interests in a PRC resident enterprise, by non-PRC resident enterprises may be re-characterized and treated as a direct transfer of PRC taxable assets, if such arrangement does not have a reasonable commercial purpose and was established for the purpose of avoiding payment of PRC enterprise income tax. As a result, gains derived from such indirect transfer may be subject to PRC enterprise income tax. In respect of an indirect offshore transfer of assets of a Mainland China establishment, the relevant gain is to be regarded as effectively connected with the Mainland China establishment and therefore included in its enterprise income tax filing, and would consequently be subject to enterprise income tax at a rate of 25%. Where the underlying transfer relates to the immoveable properties in China or to equity investments in a PRC resident enterprise, which is not effectively connected to a Mainland China establishment of a non-resident enterprise, a PRC enterprise income tax at 10% would apply, subject to available preferential tax treatment under applicable tax treaties or similar arrangements, and the party who is obligated to make the transfer payments bears the withholding obligation. Pursuant to Bulletin 37, the withholding party shall declare and pay the withheld tax to the competent tax authority in the place where such withholding party is located within 7 days from the date of occurrence of the withholding obligation. Both Bulletin 37 and Bulletin 7 do not apply to transactions of sale of shares by investors through a public stock exchange where such shares were acquired from a transaction through a public stock exchange.
We are a holding company incorporated in the BVI with all our operations conducted and all revenue generated by our Operating Subsidiaries in Hong Kong. We do not have, nor do we currently intend to establish, any subsidiary in Mainland China or set up any establishment in Mainland China. We do not plan to enter into any contractual arrangements to establish a VIE structure with any entity in Mainland China, and none of our subsidiaries directly or indirectly holds any interests in any enterprises in Mainland China. We believe neither the Company, nor its subsidiaries, are subject to Enterprise Income Tax Law, Double Tax Avoidance Arrangement or any Mainland Chinese taxation law and regulations, nor these law and regulations have any impact on our business, operations or this Offering.
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BVI Taxation
The Government of the BVI does not, under existing legislation, impose any income, corporate or capital gains tax, estate duty, inheritance tax, gift tax or withholding tax upon the Issuer or its security holders who are not tax resident in the BVI.
The BVI currently levies no taxes on individuals or corporations based upon profits, income, gains or appreciation, and there is no taxation in the nature of inheritance tax or estate duty. There are no other taxes likely to be material to our Company levied by the Government of the BVI save for certain stamp duties which may be applicable, from time to time, on certain instruments. No stamp duty is payable in the BVI on transfer of shares of BVI companies incorporated or registered under the BVI Act, except for those which hold interests in land in the BVI. There are no foreign exchange controls or foreign exchange regulations under the currently applicable laws of the BVI.
The BVI enacted the Economic Substance (Companies and Limited Partnerships) Act 2018 (the “ES Act”), which became effective on January 1, 2019, and the International Tax Authority’s (the “ITA”) Rules on Economic Substance in the Virgin Islands (the “ITA’s Rules”), containing rules and guidance relating to the interpretation of the ES Act and how the ITA will carry out its obligations. The ITA’s Rules were first issued on October 9, 2019, were further updated on February 10, 2020 and again updated on February 23, 2023. A BVI company that is considered a “legal entity” that is conducting one or more of the nine “relevant activities” is required to comply with the economic substance requirements in relation to that relevant activity. A BVI company is required to report to the ITA, via its registered agent, on an annual basis under the Beneficial Ownership Secure Search Act 2017 to enable the ITA to monitor compliance with the economic substance requirements (as applicable).
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ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES
We are incorporated under the laws of the BVI as a BVI business company with limited liability. We are incorporated in the BVI because of certain benefits associated with being a BVI business company, such as (i) political and economic stability; (ii) an effective and sophisticated judicial system with a dedicated commercial court; (iii) tax neutral treatment, with no tax levied against companies incorporated in the BVI by the local tax authorities; and (iv) the absence of foreign exchange control or currency restrictions and (v) the availability of professional and support services.
However, certain disadvantages accompany incorporation in the BVI: (a) the BVI has a less developed body of securities laws as compared to the United States and these securities laws provide significantly less protection to investors as compared to the United States; and (b) BVI companies do not have standing to sue before the federal courts of the United States.
We believe the disadvantages of incorporating in the BVI are outweighed by the benefits to us and our investors of such incorporation.
Our post-offering memorandum and articles of association do not contain provisions requiring that disputes, including those arising under the securities laws of the United States, between us, our officers, directors and shareholders, be arbitrated.
Substantially all of our assets are located outside the United States. In addition, all of our directors and officers are nationals and/or residents of countries other than the United States, and all or a substantial portion of such persons’ assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult or impossible for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon us or such persons or to enforce judgments obtained in United States courts against them or against us, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state thereof.
We plan to appoint Cogency Global Inc., located at 122 East 42nd Street, 18th Floor New York, NY 10168, as our agent to receive service of process with respect to any action brought against us in the United States under the federal securities laws of the United States or of any State of the United States.
Hong Kong
Our Hong Kong counsel, FCLK, has advised us that foreign judgments of United States courts will not be directly enforced in Hong Kong. There are currently no treaties or other arrangements providing for reciprocal enforcement of foreign judgments between Hong Kong and the United States. However, the common law of Hong Kong permits an action to be brought upon a foreign judgment. That is to say, a foreign judgment itself may form the basis of a cause of action since the judgment may be regarded as creating a debt between the parties to it. In a common law action for enforcement of a foreign judgment in Hong Kong, the enforcement is subject to various conditions, including but not limited to, that the foreign judgment is a final judgment conclusive upon the merits of the claim, the judgment is for a liquidated amount in a civil matter and not in respect of taxes, fines, penalties, or similar charges, the proceedings in which the judgment was obtained were not contrary to natural justice, and the enforcement of the judgment is not contrary to public policy of Hong Kong. Such a judgment must be for a fixed sum and must also come from a “competent” court as determined by the private international law rules applied by the Hong Kong courts. The defenses that are available to a defendant in a common law action brought on the basis of a foreign judgment include lack of jurisdiction, breach of natural justice, fraud, and contrary to public policy. However, a separate legal action for debt must be commenced in Hong Kong in order to recover such debt from the judgment debtor.
British Virgin Islands
Harney Westwood & Riegels, our counsel as to British Virgin Islands law, has advised us that there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of the British Virgin Islands would: (i) recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts obtained against us or our directors or officers that are predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States or the securities laws of any state in the United States, or (ii) entertain original actions brought in the British Virgin Islands against us or our directors or officers that are predicated upon the federal securities laws of the United States or the securities laws of any state in the United States.
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We have been advised by Harney Westwood & Riegels, our counsel as to the law of BVI, that although there is no statutory enforcement in the BVI of judgments obtained in the federal or state courts of the United States (and the BVI are not a party to any treaties for the reciprocal enforcement or recognition of such judgments), the BVI court will at common law enforce final and conclusive in personam judgments of the Foreign Court which had jurisdiction to give the judgment of a debt or definite sum of money against the Company (other than a sum of money payable in respect of taxes, penalties or fines, where the judgment was obtained by fraud or where enforcement would be contrary to public policy). The BVI court can also at common law enforce final and conclusive in personam judgments of the Foreign Court that are non-monetary against the Company. The BVI court will exercise its discretion in the enforcement of non-money judgments by having regard to the circumstances, such as considering if the judgment creditor has a foreign judgment based on a cause of action recognized under BVI law, can establish that the BVI court has jurisdiction over the judgment debtor and whether the principles of comity apply. To be treated as final and conclusive, any relevant judgment must be regarded as res judicata by the Foreign Court. A debt claim on a foreign judgment must be brought within 12 years of the judgment becoming enforceable and arrears of interest on a judgment debt cannot be recovered after 6 years from the date on which the interest was due. The courts of the BVI are unlikely to enforce a judgment obtained from the Foreign Court under civil liability provisions of U.S. federal securities law if such a judgment is found by the courts of the BVI to give rise to obligations to make payments that are penal or punitive in nature. A court of the BVI may stay enforcement proceedings if concurrent proceedings are being brought elsewhere. A judgment entered in default of appearance by a defendant who has had notice of the Foreign Court’s intention to proceed may be final and conclusive notwithstanding that the Foreign Court has power to set aside its own judgment and despite the fact that it may be subject to an appeal the time-limit for which has not yet expired. The BVI court may safeguard the defendant’s rights by granting a stay of execution pending any such appeal and may also grant interim injunctive relief as appropriate for the purpose of enforcement.
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In connection with this offering, we will enter into an underwriting agreement with Cathay Securities, Inc., as representative of the underwriters, or the representative, in this offering. The representative may retain other brokers or dealers to act as sub-agents or selected dealers on their behalf in connection with this offering. The underwriters have agreed to purchase from us, on a firm commitment basis, the number of Class A Ordinary Shares set forth opposite its name below, at the Offering Price less the underwriting discounts set forth on the cover page of this prospectus:
|
Name of Underwriters |
Number of |
|
|
Cathay Securities, Inc. |
|
|
|
Total |
1,600,000 |
The underwriters are committed to purchase all the Class A Ordinary Shares offered by this prospectus if they purchase any Class A Ordinary Shares. The underwriters are not obligated to purchase the Class A Ordinary Shares covered by the underwriters’ over-allotment option to purchase Class A Ordinary Shares as described below. The underwriters are offering the Class A Ordinary Shares, subject to prior sale, when, as, and if issued to and accepted by them, subject to approval of legal matters by their counsel and other conditions contained in the underwriting agreement, such as the receipt by the underwriters of officer’s certificates and legal opinions. The underwriters reserve the right to withdraw, cancel, or modify offers to the public and to reject orders in whole or in part.
Pricing of this Offering
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our Class A Ordinary Shares. The Offering Price for our Class A Ordinary Shares will be determined through negotiations between us and the representative. Among the factors to be considered in these negotiations will be prevailing market conditions, our financial information, market valuations of other companies that we and the representative believe to be comparable to us, estimate of our business potential and earning prospects, the present state of our development, and other factors deemed relevant. The Offering Price of our Class A Ordinary Shares in this offering does not necessarily bear any direct relationship to the assets, operations, book value, or other established criteria of value of our company.
Over-Allotment Option
We have granted to the underwriters a 45-day option to purchase up to an aggregate of additional Class A Ordinary Shares (equal to 15% of the number of Class A Ordinary Shares sold in the offering) at the Offering Price per Ordinary Share less underwriting discounts and commissions. The underwriters may exercise this option for 45 days from the date of closing of this offering solely to cover sales of Class A Ordinary Shares by the underwriters in excess of the total number of Class A Ordinary Shares set forth in the table above. If any of the additional Class A Ordinary Shares are purchased, the underwriters will offer the additional Class A Ordinary Shares at the initial public offering price per Class A Ordinary Share.
The underwriter will offer the shares to the public at the initial public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus and to certain dealers at that price less a concession not in excess of $[*] per share. If the over-allotment option is exercised in full, the total offering price to the public will be U$[*] per share and the total net proceeds to us will be $[*] million.
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Discounts and Expenses
The underwriting discounts for the shares and the over-allotment shares are equal to 7.0% of the Offering Price. The underwriting discounts do not include (i) a 1.0% non-accountable expense allowance, or (ii) certain out-of-pocket expenses, each as described below.
The following table shows the price per share and total offering price, underwriting discounts, and proceeds before expenses to us. The total amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the over-allotment option.
|
Total |
|||||||||
|
Per Class A |
No |
Full |
|||||||
|
IPO price |
$ |
5.00 |
$ |
8,000,000 |
$ |
9,200,000 |
|||
|
Underwriting discounts to be paid by us(1) |
$ |
0.35 |
$ |
560,000 |
$ |
644,000 |
|||
|
Proceeds to us, before expenses |
$ |
4.65 |
$ |
7,440,000 |
$ |
8,556,000 |
|||
____________
(1) This only includes the proceeds of the sale of Class A Ordinary Shares underwritten by the underwriters.
We have agreed to pay to the underwriters, by deduction from the gross proceeds of the offering contemplated herein, a non-accountable expense allowance equal to one percent (1%) of the gross proceeds received by us from the sale of the Class A Ordinary Shares in this offering.
We have agreed to pay expenses relating to the offering, including: (i) our legal and accounting fees and disbursements; (ii) the costs of preparing, printing, mailing, and delivering the registration statement, the preliminary and final prospectus contained therein and amendments thereto, post-effective amendments and supplements thereto, and the underwriting agreement and related documents (all in such quantities as the representative may reasonably require); (iii) the costs of preparing and printing stock certificates and warrant certificates; (iv) the costs of any “due diligence” meetings; (v) all reasonable and documented fees and expenses for conducting a net road show presentation; (vi) all filing fees and communication expenses relating to the registration of the shares to be sold in the offering with the SEC and the filing of the offering materials with FINRA; (vii) the reasonable and documented fees and disbursements of the representative’s counsel; (viii) background checks of the Company’s officers and directors; (ix) preparation of bound volumes and mementos in such quantities as the representative may reasonably request; (x) transfer taxes, if any, payable upon the transfer of securities from us to the representative; and (xi) the fees and expenses of the transfer agent, clearing firm, and registrar for the shares; provided that the actual accountable expenses of the representative shall not exceed $250,000. We are required to supply the representative and its counsel, at our cost, with a reasonable number of bound volumes of the offering materials within a reasonable time after the closing of this offering as well as commemorative tombstones.
We have paid an advanced expense of $60,000 to the representative, upon the execution of the Letter of Engagement between us and the representative for the representative’s anticipated out-of-pocket expenses. Upon the first confidential filing to the SEC, we will pay up to an additional $40,000 to the representative. Any expense deposits will be returned to us to the extent the representative’s out-of-pocket accountable expenses are not actually incurred in accordance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(4)(A) and Rule 5110(g)(4)(B).
We estimate that expenses payable by us in connection with this offering, other than the underwriting discounts referred to above and non-accountable expenses, will be approximately $782,831, including a maximum aggregate reimbursement of $250,000 of representative’s accountable expenses.
Right of First Refusal
We have granted the representative a right of first refusal on an exclusive basis, for a period of twelve (12) months from the closing of the offering, to manage any public future public and private equity and debt offering, including all equity linked financings (excluding (i) shares issued under any compensation or stock option plan approved by the Company’s shareholders, (ii) shares issued as consideration of an acquisition or as part of a strategic partnership or transaction and (iii) conventional banking arrangements and commercial debt financing), during such twelve (12) month period, of the Company, or any successor to or any current or future subsidiary of the Company, with the representative receiving the right to underwrite or place a number of the securities to be sold therein having an aggregate purchase price therein equal to a minimum of the aggregate purchase price of the shares sold in this offering (excluding shares issued upon
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exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option). If the representative fails to accept in writing any such proposal within fifteen (15) business days after receipt of a written notice from us containing such proposal, the representative will have no claim or right with respect to any such sale contained in any such notice. If, thereafter, such proposal is modified in any material respect, the Company will adopt the same procedure as with respect to the original proposed public of private sale, and the representative shall have the right of first refusal with respect to such revised proposal as set forth above. In accordance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(6)(A), such right of first refusal shall not have a duration of more than three years from the commencement of sales of this offering.
Tail Financing
We have agreed that the underwriters shall be entitled to compensation commensurate set forth above, if the Company completes an offering with an investor introduced to the Company by the underwriters and not-known to the Company before such introduction regarding an offering prior to the termination or expiration of our engagement letter with the underwriters (collectively, the “Identified Party”) during the twelve (12) month period following the termination of such engagement letter. The underwriters shall provide the Company with a list of the Identified Party and proof of such communication in connection with this offering.
Lock-up Agreements
The Company, on behalf of itself and any successor entity, agrees that, without the prior written consent of the representative, it will not, for a period of six (6) months after the date of this prospectus, (i) offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any notion or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lead, or otherwise transfer or dispose of directly or indirectly, any share of capital share of the Company or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital share of the Company; (ii) file or caused to be filed any registration statement with the SEC relating to the offering of any shares of capital share of the Company of any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital shares of the company; (iii) complete any offering of debt securities of the Company, other than entering into a line of credit with a traditional bank or (iv) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of capital share of the Company, whether any such transaction described in clause (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) above is to be settled by delivery of shares of capital share of the Company or such other securities, in such or otherwise.
Our directors, executive officers and holders of more than 5% of our Class A Ordinary Shares have agreed, subject to limited exceptions set forth below, not to offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of capital stock of the Company or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Company (the “Lock-Up Securities”), that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of our Class A Ordinary Shares or such other securities for a period of six (6) months after the date of this prospectus, without the prior written consent of the representative.
Notwithstanding the foregoing to the contrary and subject to the conditions below, a holder may transfer Lock-Up Securities without the prior written consent of the representative in connection with (a) transactions relating to Lock-Up Securities acquired in open market transactions after the completion of the Public Offering; provided that no filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, shall be required or shall be voluntarily made in connection with subsequent sales of Lock-Up Securities acquired in such open market transactions; (b) transfers of Lock-Up Securities (i) as a bona fide gift, by will or intestacy, (ii) by operation of law, such as pursuant to a qualified domestic order or as required by a divorce settlement, or (iii) to a family member or trust for the benefit of a family member (for purposes hereof, “family member” means any relationship by blood, marriage or adoption, not more remote than first cousin); (c) transfers of Lock-Up Securities to a charity or educational institution; or (d) if the holder, directly or indirectly, controls a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other business entity, any transfers of Lock-Up Securities to any shareholder, partner or member of, or owner of similar equity interests in, the undersigned, as the case may be; provided that in the case of any transfer pursuant to the foregoing clauses (b), (c) or (d), (i) any such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value, (ii) each transferee shall sign and deliver to the representative a lock-up agreement substantially in the form of this lock-up agreement and (ii) no filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act shall be required or shall be voluntarily made.
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Foreign Regulatory Restrictions on Purchase of our Class A Ordinary Shares
We have not taken any action to permit a public offering of our Class A Ordinary Shares outside the United States or to permit the possession or distribution of this prospectus outside the United States. People outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about and observe any restrictions relating to this offering of our Class A Ordinary Shares and the distribution of this prospectus outside the United States.
Indemnification
We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters and their affiliates against liabilities relating to the offering arising under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and to contribute to payments that the underwriters may be required to make for these liabilities.
Application for Nasdaq Listing
We plan to apply to list our Class A Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “MCTA.” We will not consummate this offering without a listing approval letter from the Nasdaq Capital Market.
Electronic Offer, Sale, and Distribution
A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on websites or through other online services maintained by the underwriters or selling group members, if any, or by their affiliates, and the underwriters may distribute prospectus electronically. The underwriters may agree to allocate a number of Class A Ordinary Shares to selling group members for sale to their online brokerage account holders. The Class A Ordinary Shares to be sold pursuant to Internet distributions will be allocated on the same basis as other allocations. Other than the prospectus in electronic format, the information on, or that can be accessed through, these websites and any information contained in any other website maintained by these entities is not part of, and is not incorporated by reference into, this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, has not been approved and/or endorsed by us or the underwriters, and it should not be relied upon by investors.
In connection with this offering, certain of the underwriters or securities dealers may distribute prospectuses by electronic means, such as e-mail.
Passive Market Making
Any underwriter who is a qualified market maker on Nasdaq may engage in passive market making transactions on Nasdaq, in accordance with Rule 103 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act, during a period before the commencement of offers or sales of the shares and extending through the completion of the distribution. Passive market makers must comply with applicable volume and price limitations and must be identified as a passive market maker. In general, a passive market maker must display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid for such security. If all independent bids are lowered below the passive market maker’s bid, however, the passive market maker’s bid must then be lowered when certain purchase limits are exceeded.
Potential Conflicts of Interest
The underwriters and their affiliates may, from time to time, engage in transactions with and perform services for us in the ordinary course of their business for which they may receive customary fees and reimbursement of expenses. In the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own accounts and for the accounts of their customers, and such investment and securities activities may involve securities and/or instruments of our Company. The underwriters and their affiliates may also make investment recommendations and/or publish or express independent research views in respect to such securities or instruments and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long and/or short positions in such securities and instruments.
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Price Stabilization, Short Positions, and Penalty Bids
Until the distribution of the Class A Ordinary Shares offered by this prospectus is completed, rules of the SEC may limit the ability of the underwriters to bid for and to purchase our Class A Ordinary Shares. As an exception to these rules, the underwriters may engage in transactions effected in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act that are intended to stabilize, maintain, or otherwise affect the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares. The underwriters may engage in over-allotment sales, syndicate-covering transactions, stabilizing transactions, and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M.
• Stabilizing transactions consist of bids or purchases made by the managing underwriter for the purpose of preventing or slowing a decline in the market price of our securities while this offering is in progress.
• Short sales and over-allotments occur when the managing underwriter, on behalf of the underwriting syndicate, sells more of our shares than they purchase from us in this offering. In order to cover the resulting short position, the managing underwriter may exercise the over-allotment option described above and/or may engage in syndicate-covering transactions. There is no contractual limit on the size of any syndicate-covering transaction. The underwriters will deliver a prospectus in connection with any such short sales. Purchasers of shares sold short by the underwriters are entitled to the same remedies under the federal securities laws as any other purchaser of units covered by the registration statement.
• Syndicate-covering transactions are bids for or purchases of our securities on the open market by the managing underwriter on behalf of the underwriters in order to reduce a short position incurred by the managing underwriter on behalf of the underwriters. Short sales may be “covered short sales,” which are short positions in an amount not greater than the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares referred to above, or may be “naked short sales,” which are short positions in excess of that amount. The underwriters may close out any covered short position by either exercising their option, in whole or in part, or by purchasing shares in the open market. In making this determination, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase shares through the over-allotment option. Naked short sales are short sales made in excess of the over-allotment option. The underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares in the open market that could adversely affect investors who purchased in this offering.
• A penalty bid is an arrangement permitting the managing underwriter to reclaim the selling concession that would otherwise accrue to an underwriter if the Class A Ordinary Shares originally sold by the underwriter were later repurchased by the managing underwriter and therefore were not effectively sold to the public by such underwriter.
Stabilization, syndicate-covering transactions, and penalty bids may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares or preventing or delaying a decline in the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares. As a result, the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares may be higher than the price that might otherwise exist in the open market.
Neither we nor the underwriters make any representation or prediction as to the effect that the transactions described above may have on the prices of our Class A Ordinary Shares. These transactions may occur on Nasdaq or on any trading market. If any of these transactions are commenced, they may be discontinued without notice at any time.
Offers Outside of the United States
Other than in the United States, no action has been taken by us or the underwriters that would permit a public offering of the Class A Ordinary Shares offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required. The Class A Ordinary Shares offered by this prospectus may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, nor may this prospectus or any other offering material or advertisements in connection with the offer and sale of any such shares be distributed or published in any jurisdiction, except under circumstances that will result in compliance with the applicable rules and regulations of that jurisdiction. Persons into whose possession this prospectus comes are
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advised to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to the offering and the distribution of this prospectus. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any Class A Ordinary Shares offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction in which such an offer or a solicitation is unlawful.
Australia
This prospectus is not a disclosure document under Chapter 6D of the Australian Corporations Act, has not been lodged with the Australian Securities and Investments Commission and does not purport to include the information required of a disclosure document under Chapter 6D of the Australian Corporations Act. Accordingly, (i) the offer of the securities under this prospectus is only made to persons to whom it is lawful to offer the securities without disclosure under Chapter 6D of the Australian Corporations Act under one or more exemptions set out in section 708 of the Australian Corporations Act; (ii) this prospectus is made available in Australia only to those persons as set forth in clause (i) above; and (iii) the offeree must be sent a notice stating in substance that, by accepting this offer, the offeree represents that the offeree is such a person as set forth in clause (i) above, and, unless permitted under the Australian Corporations Act, agrees not to sell or offer for sale within Australia any of the securities sold to the offeree within 12 months after its transfer to the offeree under this prospectus.
Canada
The securities may be sold in Canada only to purchasers purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal that are accredited investors, as defined in National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions or subsection 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), and are permitted clients, as defined in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations. Any resale of the securities must be made in accordance with an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the prospectus requirements of applicable securities laws.
Securities legislation in certain provinces or territories of Canada may provide a purchaser with remedies for rescission or damages if this prospectus (including any amendment thereto) contains a misrepresentation, provided that the remedies for rescission or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory for particulars of these rights or consult with a legal advisor.
Pursuant to section 3A.3 of National Instrument 33-105 Underwriting Conflicts (NI 33-105), the underwriters are not required to comply with the disclosure requirements of NI 33-105 regarding underwriter conflicts of interest in connection with this offering.
China
The information in this document does not constitute a public offer of the securities, whether by way of sale or subscription, in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) (excluding, for purposes of this paragraph, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macau Special Administrative Region and Taiwan). The securities may not be offered or sold directly or indirectly in the PRC to legal or natural persons other than directly to “qualified domestic institutional investors.”
European Economic Area — Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg and Netherlands
In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area that has implemented the Prospectus Regulation (each, a “Relevant Member State”), an offer to the public of our securities may not be made in that Relevant Member State, except that an offer to the public in that Relevant Member State of our securities may be made at any time under the following exemptions under the Prospectus Regulation:
(a) to any legal entity which is a qualified investor as defined in the Prospectus Regulation;
(b) to fewer than 150 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined in the Prospectus Regulation), subject to obtaining the prior consent of the representative for any such offer; or
(c) in any other circumstances falling within Article 1(4) of the Prospectus Regulation, provided that no such offer of our securities shall result in a requirement for the publication by us or any underwriter of a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Regulation.
145
For the purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer to the public” in relation to our securities in any Relevant Member State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and our securities to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase our securities, and the expression “Prospectus Regulation” means Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 (as amended).
This European Economic Area selling restriction is in addition to any other applicable selling restrictions set out below.
France
This document is not being distributed in the context of a public offering of financial securities (offre au public de titres financiers) in France within the meaning of Article L.411-1 of the French Monetary and Financial Code (Code Monétaire et Financier) and Articles 211-1 et seq. of the General Regulation of the French Autorité des Marchés Financiers (“AMF”). The securities have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in France.
This document and any other offering material relating to the securities have not been, and will not be, submitted to the AMF for approval in France and, accordingly, may not be distributed or caused to distributed, directly or indirectly, to the public in France.
Such offers, sales and distributions have been and shall only be made in France to (i) qualified investors (investisseurs qualifiés) acting for their own account, as defined in and in accordance with Articles L.411-2-II-2° and D.411-1 to D.411-3, D. 744-1, D.754-1 and D.764-1 of the French Monetary and Financial Code and any implementing regulation; and/or (ii) a restricted number of non-qualified investors (cercle restreint d’investisseurs) acting for their own account, as defined in and in accordance with Articles L.411-2-II-2 and D.411-4, D.744-1, D.754-1 and D.764-1 of the French Monetary and Financial Code and any implementing regulation.
Pursuant to Article 211-3 of the General Regulation of the AMF, investors in France are informed that the securities cannot be distributed (directly or indirectly) to the public by the investors otherwise than in accordance with Articles L.411-1, L.411-2, L.412-1 and L.621-8 to L.621-8-3 of the French Monetary and Financial Code.
Ireland
The information in this document does not constitute a prospectus under any Irish laws or regulations, and this document has not been filed with or approved by any Irish regulatory authority, as the information has not been prepared in the context of a public offering of securities in Ireland within the meaning of the Irish Prospectus (Directive 2003/71/EC) Regulations 2005 (the “Prospectus Regulations”). The securities have not been offered or sold, and will not be offered, sold or delivered directly or indirectly in Ireland by way of a public offering, except to (i) qualified investors as defined in Regulation 2(l) of the Prospectus Regulations; and (ii) fewer than 100 natural or legal persons who are not qualified investors.
Hong Kong
The securities may not be offered or sold in Hong Kong by means of any document other than (i) in circumstances which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 32 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (“Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance”) or which do not constitute an invitation to the public within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (“Securities and Futures Ordinance”); (ii) to “professional investors” as defined in the Securities and Futures Ordinance and any rules made thereunder; or (iii) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a “prospectus” as defined in the Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance, and no advertisement, invitation or document relating to our securities may be issued or may be in the possession of any person for the purpose of issue (in each case whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere), which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the securities laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to our securities that are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to “professional investors” in Hong Kong as defined in the Securities and Futures Ordinance and any rules made thereunder.
146
Israel
The securities offered by this prospectus have not been approved or disapproved by the Israeli Securities Authority (the ISA), nor have such securities been registered for sale in Israel. The shares may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in Israel, absent the publication of a prospectus. The ISA has not issued permits, approvals or licenses in connection with the offering or publishing of the prospectus; nor has it authenticated the details included herein, confirmed their reliability or completeness, or rendered an opinion as to the quality of the securities being offered. Any resale in Israel, directly or indirectly, to the public of the securities offered by this prospectus is subject to restrictions on transferability and must be effected only in compliance with the Israeli securities laws and regulations.
Italy
The offering of the securities in the Republic of Italy has not been authorized by the Italian Securities and Exchange Commission (Commissione Nazionale per le Societ – $$ – Aga e la Borsa, “CONSOB”) pursuant to Italian securities legislation, and, accordingly, no offering material relating to the securities may be distributed in Italy, and such securities may not be offered or sold in Italy in a public offer within the meaning of Article 1.1(t) of Legislative Decree No. 58 of 24 February 1998 (“Decree No. 58”), other than:
• to Italian qualified investors, as defined in Article 100 of Decree no. 58 by reference to Article 34-ter of CONSOB Regulation no. 11971 of 14 May 1999 (“Regulation no. 1197l”) as amended (“Qualified Investors”); and
• in other circumstances that are exempt from the rules on public offer pursuant to Article 100 of Decree No. 58 and Article 34-ter of Regulation No. 11971 as amended.
Any offer, sale or delivery of the securities or distribution of any offer document relating to the securities in Italy (excluding placements where a Qualified Investor solicits an offer from the issuer) under the paragraphs above must be:
• made by investment firms, banks or financial intermediaries permitted to conduct such activities in Italy in accordance with Legislative Decree No. 385 of 1 September 1993 (as amended), Decree No. 58, CONSOB Regulation No. 16190 of 29 October 2007 and any other applicable laws; and
• in compliance with all relevant Italian securities, tax and exchange controls and any other applicable laws.
Any subsequent distribution of the securities in Italy must be made in compliance with the public offer and prospectus requirement rules provided under Decree No. 58 and Regulation No. 11971, as amended, unless an exception from those rules applies. Failure to comply with such rules may result in the sale of such securities being declared null and void and in the liability of the entity transferring the securities for any damages suffered by the investors.
Japan
The securities have not been and will not be registered under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act of Japan (Act No. 25 of 1948, as amended), or the FIEA. The securities may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to or for the benefit of any resident of Japan (including any person resident in Japan or any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan) or to others for reoffering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to or for the benefit of any resident of Japan, except pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the FIEA and otherwise in compliance with any relevant laws and regulations of Japan.
Portugal
This document is not being distributed in the context of a public offer of financial securities (oferta pública de valores mobiliários) in Portugal, within the meaning of Article 109 of the Portuguese Securities Code (Código dos Valores Mobiliários). The securities have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in Portugal. This document and any other offering material relating to the securities have not been, and will not be, submitted to the Portuguese Securities Market Commission (Comissão do Mercado de Valores Mobiliários) for approval in Portugal and, accordingly, may not be distributed or caused to distributed, directly or indirectly, to the
147
public in Portugal, other than under circumstances that are deemed not to qualify as a public offer under the Portuguese Securities Code. Such offers, sales and distributions of securities in Portugal are limited to persons who are “qualified investors” (as defined in the Portuguese Securities Code). Only such investors may receive this document, and they may not distribute it or the information contained in it to any other person.
Singapore
This prospectus has not been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, this prospectus and any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of our securities may not be circulated or distributed, nor may our securities be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor (as defined under Section 4A of the Securities and Futures Act, 2001 of Singapore (“SFA”)) under Section 274 of the SFA; (ii) to a relevant person (as defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA) pursuant to Section 275(1) of the SFA, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A) of the SFA, and in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA and (where applicable) Regulation 3 of the Securities and Futures (Classes of Investors) Regulations 2018; or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA, in each case subject to conditions set forth in the SFA.
Where our securities are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 of the SFA by a relevant person which is a corporation (which is not an accredited investor (as defined in Section 4A of the SFA)) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor, the securities or securities-based derivatives contracts of that corporation shall not be transferable within six months after that corporation has acquired the securities or securities-based derivatives contracts under Section 275 of the SFA except: (1) to an institutional investor or to a relevant person, or to any person arising from an offer referred to in Section 275(1A) or Section 276(4)(c)(ii) of the SFA, (2) where no consideration is or will be given for the transfer, (3) where the transfer is by operation of law, (4) as specified in Section 276(7) of the SFA, or (5) as specified in Regulation 37A of the Securities and Futures (Offers of Investments) (Securities and Securities-based Derivatives Contracts) Regulations 2018.
Where our securities are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 of the SFA by a relevant person which is a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor (as defined in Section 4A of the SFA)) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary of the trust is an accredited investor, the beneficiaries’ rights and interest (howsoever described) in that trust shall not be transferable within six months after that trust has acquired the shares under Section 275 of the SFA except: (1) to an institutional investor or to a relevant person, or to any person arising from an offer referred to in Section 275(1A) or Section 276(4)(c)(ii) of the SFA, (2) where no consideration is or will be given for the transfer, (3) where the transfer is by operation of law, (4) as specified in Section 276(7) of the SFA, or (5) as specified in Regulation 37A of the Securities and Futures (Offers of Investments) (Securities and Securities-based Derivatives Contracts) Regulations 2018.
Malaysia
The securities have not been and may not be approved by the Securities Commission Malaysia, or SC, and this document has not been and will not be registered as a prospectus with the SC under the Malaysian capital markets and services act of 2007, or CMSA. Accordingly, no securities or offer for subscription or purchase of securities or invitation to subscribe for or purchase securities are being made to any person in or from within Malaysia under this document except to persons falling within any of paragraphs 2(g)(i) to (xi) of schedule 5 of the CMSA and distributed only by a holder of a capital markets services license who carries on the business of dealing in securities and subject to the issuer having lodged this prospectus with the SC within seven days from the date of the distribution of this prospectus in Malaysia. The distribution in Malaysia of this document is subject to Malaysian laws. Save as aforementioned, no action has been taken in Malaysia under its securities laws in respect of this document. This document does not constitute and may not be used for the purpose of a public offering or an issue, offer for subscription or purchase, invitation to subscribe for or purchase any securities requiring the approval of the SC or the registration of a prospectus with the SC under the CMSA.
148
Sweden
This document has not been, and will not be, registered with or approved by Finansinspektionen (the Swedish Financial Supervisory Authority). Accordingly, this document may not be made available, nor may the securities be offered for sale in Sweden, other than under circumstances that are deemed not to require a prospectus under the Swedish Financial Instruments Trading Act (1991:980) (Sw. lag (1991:980) om handel med finansiella instrument). Any offering of securities in Sweden is limited to persons who are “qualified investors” (as defined in the Financial Instruments Trading Act). Only such investors may receive this document, and they may not distribute it or the information contained in it to any other person.
Switzerland
The securities may not be publicly offered in Switzerland and will not be listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange (“SIX”) or on any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. This document has been prepared without regard to the disclosure standards for issuance prospectuses under art. 652a or art. 1156 of the Swiss Code of Obligations or the disclosure standards for listing prospectuses under art. 27 ff. of the SIX Listing Rules or the listing rules of any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. Neither this document nor any other offering material relating to the securities may be publicly distributed or otherwise made publicly available in Switzerland.
Neither this document nor any other offering material relating to the securities has been or will be filed with or approved by any Swiss regulatory authority. In particular, this document will not be filed with, and the offer of securities will not be supervised by, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA). This document is personal to the recipient only and not for general circulation in Switzerland.
United Arab Emirates
Neither this document nor the securities have been approved, disapproved or passed on in any way by the Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates or any other governmental authority in the United Arab Emirates, nor has the Company received authorization or licensing from the Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates or any other governmental authority in the United Arab Emirates to market or sell the securities within the United Arab Emirates. This document does not constitute and may not be used for the purpose of an offer or invitation. No services relating to the securities, including the receipt of applications and/or the allotment or redemption of such shares, may be rendered within the United Arab Emirates by the Company.
No offer or invitation to subscribe for securities is valid or permitted in the Dubai International Financial Centre.
United Kingdom
Neither the information in this document nor any other document relating to the offer has been delivered for approval to the Financial Services Authority in the United Kingdom, and no prospectus (within the meaning of section 85 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, as amended (“FSMA”)) has been published or is intended to be published in respect of the securities. This document is issued on a confidential basis to “qualified investors” (within the meaning of section 86(7) of FSMA) in the United Kingdom, and the securities may not be offered or sold in the United Kingdom by means of this document, any accompanying letter or any other document, except in circumstances which do not require the publication of a prospectus pursuant to section 86(1) FSMA. This document should not be distributed, published or reproduced, in whole or in part, nor may its contents be disclosed by recipients to any other person in the United Kingdom.
149
EXPENSES RELATED TO THIS OFFERING
Set forth below is an itemization of the total expenses, excluding the underwriting discounts and non-accountable expense allowance, that we expect to incur in connection with this Offering. With the exception of the SEC registration fee, the FINRA filing fee and the Nasdaq listing fee, all amounts are estimates.
|
Securities and Exchange Commission Registration Fee |
$ |
||
|
The Nasdaq Capital Market Listing Fee |
|
||
|
FINRA Filing Fee |
|
||
|
Legal Fees and Expenses |
|
||
|
Accounting Fees and Expenses |
|
||
|
Transfer Agent and Registrar Expenses |
|
||
|
Printing and Engraving Expenses |
|
||
|
Miscellaneous Expenses |
|
|
|
|
Total Expenses |
$ |
782,831 |
These expenses will be borne by us. Underwriting discounts and non-accountable expense allowance will be borne by us in proportion to the numbers of Class A Ordinary Shares sold in this Offering.
150
The validity of the Class A Ordinary Shares offered hereby and certain legal matters as to British Virgin Islands law will be passed upon for us by Harney Westwood & Riegels, our counsel as to BVI law. Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP is acting as counsel to our company regarding U.S. securities law matters. Certain legal matters as to Hong Kong law will be passed upon for us by Fairbairn Catley Low & Kong. Certain legal matters as to PRC law will be passed upon for us by East & Concord Partners. Kaufman & Canoles, P.C. is acting as U.S. securities counsel for the underwriters in connection with this Offering.
The consolidated financial statements as of and for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 as set forth in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement have been so included in reliance on the report of WWC, P.C., an independent registered public accounting firm, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing. WWC, P.C. is headquartered at 2010 Pioneer Court, San Mateo, CA 94403, USA.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form F-1 (including amendments and exhibits to the registration statement) under the Securities Act with respect to the Class A Ordinary Shares offered hereby. This prospectus, which constitutes a part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement or the exhibits filed therewith. For further information about us and the Class A Ordinary Shares offered hereby, reference is made to the registration statement and the exhibits filed therewith. Statements contained in this prospectus regarding the contents of any contract or any other document that is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement are not necessarily complete, and in each instance we refer you to the copy of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement. However, statements in the prospectus contain the material provisions of such contracts, agreements and other documents. We currently do not file periodic reports with the SEC. Upon the closing of our initial public offering, we will be required to file periodic reports and other information with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act, as applicable to foreign private issuers. As we are a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from some of the Exchange Act reporting requirements, the rules prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements to shareholders, and Section 16 short swing profit reporting for our officers and directors and for holders of more than 10% of our shares. In addition, we will not be required under the Exchange Act to file periodic reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act. A copy of the registration statement and the exhibits filed therewith may be inspected without charge at the public reference room maintained by the SEC, located at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549, and copies of all or any part of the registration statement may be obtained from that office. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information about the public reference room. The SEC also maintains a website that contains reports, information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC. The address of the website is www.sec.gov.
151
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
F-1

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To: The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Charming Medical Limited
Results of Review Interim Financial Statements
We have reviewed the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet of Charming Medical Limited and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) as of September 30, 2024, and the related condensed consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the six-month periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “interim financial statements”). Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying interim financial statements for them to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of March 31, 2024, and the related statements of operations and comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated November 21, 2024, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements. Our report included a paragraph of Substantial Doubt about the Company’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Our opinion was not modified with respect to this matter. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2024, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the balance sheet from which it has been derived.
Substantial Doubt about the Company’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern
The accompanying interim financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As noted above, as of March 31, 2024, there was substantial doubt that the Company would continue as a going concern, As further described in Note 2 to the interim financial statements, the Company continued to have a working capital deficit as of September 30, 2024. These circumstances did not alleviate the substantial doubt that was outstanding as of March 31, 2024; accordingly, substantial doubt that the Company will continue as a going concern still exists. Management’s plans in regards to these matters are also described in Note 2. The interim financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this doubt and uncertainty.
Basis for Review Results
These interim financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. A review of interim financial statements consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with standards of the PCAOB, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
/s/ WWC, P.C.
WWC, P.C.
Certified Public Accountants
PCAOB ID: 1171
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2024.
San Mateo, California
April 28, 2025

F-2
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2024 AND MARCH 31, 2024
(Amounts in U.S. dollars, except for share and per share data, or otherwise noted)
|
As |
As of |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
(Unaudited) |
(Audited) |
|||
|
ASSETS |
||||
|
Current assets |
||||
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
2,692,056 |
2,103,655 |
||
|
Accounts receivable, net |
391,792 |
351,614 |
||
|
Deposits, prepayments and other receivables, net |
122,611 |
298,951 |
||
|
Inventories, net |
34,150 |
28,151 |
||
|
Amount due from a director |
73,523 |
885,056 |
||
|
Total current assets |
3,314,132 |
3,667,427 |
||
|
Non-current assets |
||||
|
Property and equipment, net |
486,515 |
469,526 |
||
|
Right-of-use assets, net |
817,407 |
452,335 |
||
|
Deposits and prepayments |
183,303 |
54,604 |
||
|
Deferred tax asset, net |
173,941 |
211,144 |
||
|
Deferred offering costs |
399,338 |
26,834 |
||
|
Total non-current assets |
2,060,504 |
1,214,443 |
||
|
TOTAL ASSETS |
5,374,636 |
4,881,870 |
||
|
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT |
||||
|
Current liabilities |
||||
|
Trade payables, accruals and other payables |
346,998 |
451,150 |
||
|
Contract liabilities |
4,184,013 |
4,496,155 |
||
|
Bank borrowings |
381,040 |
442,612 |
||
|
Operating lease liabilities |
500,807 |
356,081 |
||
|
Finance lease liabilities |
13,254 |
14,436 |
||
|
Tax payables |
169,990 |
119,254 |
||
|
Total current liabilities |
5,596,102 |
5,879,688 |
||
|
Non-current liabilities |
||||
|
Operating lease liabilities |
353,449 |
129,662 |
||
|
Finance lease liabilities |
106,140 |
18,588 |
||
|
Total non-current liabilities |
459,589 |
148,250 |
||
|
TOTAL LIABILITIES |
6,055,691 |
6,027,938 |
F-3
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS — (Continued)
AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2024 AND MARCH 31, 2024
(Amounts in U.S. dollars, except for share and per share data, or otherwise noted)
|
As |
As of |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
(Unaudited) |
(Audited) |
|||||
|
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15) |
|
|
||||
|
Shareholders’ deficit |
|
|
||||
|
Class B Ordinary shares, US$0.0001 par value, 15,000,000 shares authorized, and 2,000,000 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively* |
200 |
|
200 |
|
||
|
Class A Ordinary shares, US$0.0001 par value, 60,000,000 shares authorized, and 13,338,000 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively* |
1,334 |
|
1,334 |
|
||
|
Additional paid-in capital |
312,880 |
|
379,509 |
|
||
|
Subscription receivables |
(381,043 |
) |
(381,043 |
) |
||
|
Accumulated losses |
(610,827 |
) |
(1,079,644 |
) |
||
|
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income |
(3,599 |
) |
205 |
|
||
|
Total deficit attributable to owners of the Company |
(681,055 |
) |
(1,079,439 |
) |
||
|
Non-controlling interests |
— |
|
(66,629 |
) |
||
|
Total shareholders’ deficit |
(681,055 |
) |
(1,146,068 |
) |
||
|
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT |
5,374,636 |
|
4,881,870 |
|
||
____________
* The shares and per share data are presented on a retroactive basis to reflect the reorganization (Notes 1 and 11).
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-4
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024 AND 2023
(Amounts in U.S. dollars, except for share and per share data, or otherwise noted)
|
For the six months ended |
||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
REVENUES |
|
|
||||
|
Beauty, wellness and postpartum services |
2,905,920 |
|
2,597,782 |
|
||
|
Sales of products |
52,588 |
|
43,721 |
|
||
|
TOTAL REVENUES |
2,958,508 |
|
2,641,503 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
OPERATING COST AND EXPENSES |
|
|
||||
|
Cost of sales of products |
6,292 |
|
4,749 |
|
||
|
Advertising and promotion expenses |
583,963 |
|
403,694 |
|
||
|
Staff costs and employee benefits |
895,988 |
|
917,848 |
|
||
|
Rental and building management expenses |
331,380 |
|
409,967 |
|
||
|
Professional expenses |
137,566 |
|
— |
|
||
|
Depreciation |
155,931 |
|
190,011 |
|
||
|
Bank charges |
103,094 |
|
83,599 |
|
||
|
Consumables |
65,080 |
|
37,714 |
|
||
|
Other general and administrative expenses |
124,365 |
|
150,235 |
|
||
|
TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSES |
2,403,659 |
|
2,197,817 |
|
||
|
INCOME FROM OPERATIONS |
554,849 |
|
443,686 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE) |
|
|
||||
|
Interest income |
28,320 |
|
14,957 |
|
||
|
Interest expense |
(11,280 |
) |
(13,775 |
) |
||
|
Other expense |
(13,971 |
) |
(929 |
) |
||
|
TOTAL OTHER INCOME, NET |
3,069 |
|
253 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX |
557,918 |
|
443,939 |
|
||
|
INCOME TAX EXPENSES |
89,101 |
|
66,288 |
|
||
|
NET INCOME |
468,817 |
|
377,651 |
|
||
|
Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interests |
— |
|
3,289 |
|
||
|
Net income attributable to the shareholders of the Company |
468,817 |
|
374,362 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS |
|
|
||||
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment, attributable to |
|
|
||||
|
The shareholders of the Company |
(3,804 |
) |
(5,965 |
) |
||
|
Non-controlling interests |
— |
|
(257 |
) |
||
|
TOTAL OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS |
(3,804 |
) |
(6,222 |
) |
||
|
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME |
465,013 |
|
371,429 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
EARNINGS PER SHARE |
|
|
||||
|
Basic and diluted* |
0.03 |
|
0.02 |
|
||
|
WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF ORDINARY SHARES |
|
|
||||
|
Basic and diluted* |
15,338,000 |
|
15,338,000 |
|
||
____________
* The shares and per share data are presented on a retroactive basis to reflect the reorganization (Notes 1 and 11).
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-5
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024 AND 2023
(Amounts in U.S. dollars, except for share and per share data, or otherwise noted)
|
|
Additional |
Subscription |
Accumulated |
Accumulated |
Total deficit |
Non- |
Total |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Class A |
Amount |
Class B |
Amount |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
US$ |
US$ |
US$ |
US$ |
US$ |
US$ |
US$ |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
BALANCE, April 1, 2023 (Audited) |
13,338,000 |
1,334 |
2,000,000 |
200 |
379,509 |
|
(381,043 |
) |
(1,162,533 |
) |
3,923 |
|
(1,158,610 |
) |
(110,213 |
) |
(1,268,823 |
) |
|||||||||||
|
Net income |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
— |
|
374,362 |
|
— |
|
374,362 |
|
3,289 |
|
377,651 |
|
|||||||||||
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
(5,965 |
) |
(5,965 |
) |
(257 |
) |
(6,222 |
) |
|||||||||||
|
BALANCE, September 30, 2023 (Unaudited) |
13,338,000 |
1,334 |
2,000,000 |
200 |
379,509 |
|
(381,043 |
) |
(788,171 |
) |
(2,042 |
) |
(790,213 |
) |
(107,181 |
) |
(897,394 |
) |
|||||||||||
|
BALANCE, April 1, 2024 (Audited) |
13,338,000 |
1,334 |
2,000,000 |
200 |
379,509 |
|
(381,043 |
) |
(1,079,644 |
) |
205 |
|
(1,079,439 |
) |
(66,629 |
) |
(1,146,068 |
) |
|||||||||||
|
Acquisition of non-controlling interests |
(66,629 |
) |
|
— |
|
|
(66,629 |
) |
66,629 |
|
— |
|
|||||||||||||||||
|
Net income |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
— |
|
468,817 |
|
— |
|
468,817 |
|
— |
|
468,817 |
|
|||||||||||
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
(3,804 |
) |
(3,804 |
) |
— |
|
(3,804 |
) |
|||||||||||
|
BALANCE, September 30, 2024 (Unaudited) |
13,338,000 |
1,334 |
2,000,000 |
200 |
312,880 |
|
(381,043 |
) |
(610,827 |
) |
(3,599 |
) |
(681,055 |
) |
— |
|
(681,055 |
) |
|||||||||||
____________
* The shares and per share data are presented on a retroactive basis to reflect the reorganization (Notes 1 and 11).
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-6
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Amounts in U.S. dollars, except for share and per share data, or otherwise noted)
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024 AND 2023
|
Six months ended |
||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
||||
|
Net income |
468,817 |
|
377,651 |
|
||
|
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities |
|
|
||||
|
Depreciation |
155,931 |
|
190,011 |
|
||
|
Non-cash portion of operating lease expenses |
6,442 |
|
(14,464 |
) |
||
|
Deferred income taxes |
38,544 |
|
41,132 |
|
||
|
Changes in operating assets and liabilities |
|
|
||||
|
Accounts receivable |
(40,178 |
) |
(43,628 |
) |
||
|
Deposits, other receivables and prepayments |
74,475 |
|
12,542 |
|
||
|
Inventories |
(5,999 |
) |
(23,327 |
) |
||
|
Accounts payables, accruals and other payables |
(104,152 |
) |
(22,618 |
) |
||
|
Contract liabilities |
(312,142 |
) |
28,253 |
|
||
|
Tax payables |
50,736 |
|
(102,758 |
) |
||
|
Net cash generated from operating activities |
332,474 |
|
442,794 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITY: |
|
|
||||
|
Purchase of property and equipment |
(170,284 |
) |
(206,000 |
) |
||
|
Net cash used in investing activity |
(170,284 |
) |
(206,000 |
) |
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
||||
|
Proceeds from finance lease |
86,370 |
|
— |
|
||
|
Proceeds from bank borrowings |
— |
|
72,537 |
|
||
|
Repayment for bank borrowings |
(62,337 |
) |
(80,730 |
) |
||
|
Deferred offering costs |
(399,338 |
) |
— |
|
||
|
Repayment from a director |
1,040,921 |
|
105,414 |
|
||
|
Advance to a director |
(229,388 |
) |
(1,100,372 |
) |
||
|
Net cash generated from (used in) financing activities |
436,228 |
|
(1,003,151 |
) |
||
|
NET CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
598,418 |
|
(766,357 |
) |
||
|
NET OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES |
(10,017 |
) |
14,741 |
|
||
|
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE PERIOD |
2,103,655 |
|
1,929,192 |
|
||
|
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE END OF THE PERIOD |
2,692,056 |
|
1,177,576 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
SUPPLEMENTARY CASH FLOW INFORMATION: |
|
|
||||
|
Interest received |
28,320 |
|
14,957 |
|
||
|
Interest paid |
11,280 |
|
13,775 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
NON-CASH FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
||||
|
Initial recognition of lease obligations related to right-of-use assets |
111,820 |
|
— |
|
||
|
Acquisition of non-controlling interests |
66,629 |
|
— |
|
||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-7
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
Business
Charming Medical Limited (the “Company” or “Charming”) is a holding company with limited liability incorporated as an exempted company under the laws of British Virgin Islands (“BVI”) on February 28, 2024. The Company’s registered office is located at Unit 8, 3/F., Qwomar Trading Complex, Blackburne Road, Port Purcell, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands, VG1110 and its principal place of business situated at Suite 1803-06, 18/F., Hang Lung Centre, 2-20 Paterson Street, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong.
The Company through its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the “Company” or “Group”) principally engage in the provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum services in Hong Kong with a focus on utilizing traditional Chinese medicines approaches in addressing women’s health issues. The Company provides various of beauty, wellness and postpartum services include but are not limited to womb-warming therapy, BTS (Beauty, Tailor-made, Slim) pelvic detox therapy, agarwood moxibustion treatment, traditional Chinese medicine-inspired prenatal massage, and Indonesian traditional abdominal binding, sales of traditional Chinese medicines health products and consultancy services. The business was founded by Ms. Wong Kit (“Ms. Wong”) in Hong Kong on July 14, 2016.
Organization and reorganization
The Company was incorporated under the laws of the British Virgin Islands as a limited company on February 28, 2024 and as a holding company. As at the date of its incorporation, the authorized share capital of the Company was US$7,500 divided into 50,000 ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.15 each. The Company allotted and issued 8,892 ordinary shares to Ms. Wong Kit by cash at the incorporation date.
Beautylab Group Medical Limited (“Beautylab”), a BVI company incorporated by the Company in the BVI on May 6, 2024, is the immediate holding company of the directly wholly-owned subsidiaries of My Beauty Technology Limited (“My Beauty”), Dream International Trading (Hong Kong) Limited (“Dream International”) and Pilate International Trading Limited (“Pilate”), and indirectly 80%-owned subsidiary of Choliya Limited (“Choliya”), in which the immediate holding company is Pilate and an independent third party, after the group reorganization (the “Group Reorganization”) (see below). On June 18, 2024, Ms. Wong acquired 20% of equity interest from the non-controlling shareholder and in turn Pilate acquired 20% of equity interest in Choliya from Ms. Wong on September 16, 2024. As a result, Choliya becomes a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company from September 16, 2024.
Pilate, Dream International, My Beauty and Choliya (collectively “Hong Kong Subsidiaries”), limited liability incorporated in Hong Kong on July 14, 2016, March 14, 2017, September 19, 2019 and March 7, 2021, respectively, by Ms. Wong, with issued ordinary shares of 10,000 shares prior to Group Reorganization, are operating entities in Hong Kong.
Pursuant to a Group Reorganization, to rationalize the structure of the Company and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Group”) in preparation for the listing of the Company’s Class A ordinary shares, the Company became the holding company of the Group on September 16, 2024, which involved (i) the incorporation of the Company on February 28, 2024 and allotment of 8,892 ordinary shares to Ms. Wong, the Controlling Shareholder, at par value of US$0.15; (ii) incorporation of Beautylab Group Medical Limited (“Beautylab”) on May 6, 2024 by the Company; (iii) on September 10, 2024, the allotment of 990,000 ordinary shares of each of Pilate, Dream International and My Beauty to Beautylab resulting in 99% and 1% of equity interest being held by Beautylab and Ms. Wong, respectively; (iv) the transfer of 10,000 ordinary shares of each of Pilate, Dream International and My Beauty from Ms. Wong to Beautylab at par value on September 16, 2024; (iv) a share transfer of an aggregate 1,725 ordinary shares (representing 19.4% of total issued ordinary shares as of the date of the transfer) of the Company being held by Ms. Wong to five independent individuals, at an aggregate consideration of US$194,000 by cash on September 19, 2024, with each individual holding less than 5% of shareholding in the Company.
On October 18, 2024, the shareholders of the Company approved the reclassification of the currently authorized single class of ordinary shares into two classes which are divided into 60,000,000 Class A ordinary shares, with a par value of $0.0001 each and 15,000,000 Class B ordinary shares, with a par value of $0.0001 each. The shareholding of
F-8
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW (cont.)
the original one class ordinary share 13,338,000 in the Company was transferred to Class A ordinary shares and the proportion of their shareholdings in the Company being held by Ms. Wong and each individual shareholder remains unchanged.
On November 1, 2024, an aggregate 2,000,000 Class B ordinary shares were allotted to Ms. Wong, the Controlling Shareholder at a cash consideration of par value of $0.0001 per share.
After the Group Reorganization and above transactions as of November 1, 2024, the Company, together with its subsidiaries, are effectively controlled by the same Controlling Shareholder, Ms. Wong, i.e., ultimately held as to 100.0% and 77.60% in terms of equity interest in the Company and 100.0% and 94.40% in terms of voting rights in the Company by the Controlling Shareholder before and after the Group Reorganization, respectively, and therefore the Group Reorganization is considered as a recapitalization of entities under common control.
The consolidation of the Company and its subsidiaries has been accounted for at historical cost. No amount is recognized in respect of goodwill or excess of acquirer’s interest in the net fair value of acquiree’s identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities over cost at the time of reorganization under common control. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity and unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of cash flows are prepared as if the current Group structure had been in existence throughout the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, or since the respective dates of incorporation/establishment of the relevant entity, where this is a shorter period. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 present the assets and liabilities of the companies now comprising the Group which had been incorporated/established as at the relevant balance sheet date as if the current group structure had been in existence at those dates.
Upon the Group Reorganization and as at the date of this report, details of the subsidiaries company are as follows:
|
Name |
Background |
Ownership |
Principal activities |
|||
|
Beautylab Group Medical Limited (“Beautylab”) |
—A BVI company —Incorporated on May 6, 2024 —Issued share capital of US$500 |
Wholly-owned by the Company |
Investment holding |
|||
|
My Beauty Technology Limited (“My Beauty”) |
—A Hong Kong company —Incorporated on September 19, 2019 —Issued share capital of HK$1,000,000 |
Wholly-owned by Beautylab |
Provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum service and sales of products |
|||
|
Pilate International Trading Limited (“Pilate”) |
— A Hong Kong company — Incorporated on July 14, 2016 — Issued share capital of HK$1,000,000 |
Wholly-owned by Beautylab |
Provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum service and sales of products |
|||
|
Dream International Trading (Hong Kong) Limited (“Dream International”) |
— A Hong Kong company — Incorporated on March 14, 2017 — Issued share capital of HK$1,000,000 |
Wholly-owned by Beautylab |
Provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum service and sales of products |
|||
|
Choliya Limited (“Choliya”) |
— A Hong Kong company — Incorporated on March 7, 2021 — Issued share capital of HK$10,000 |
Wholly-owned by Pilate |
Provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum service, sales of products and consultancy services |
F-9
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES
Basis of preparation
The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for information pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all the information and footnotes required by the U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the annual financial statements prepared in accordance with the U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted consistent with Article 10 of Regulation S-X. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited financial statements and include all adjustments, in normal recurring nature, as necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s financial position as of September 30, 2024, and results of operations and cash flows for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2024 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all the information and footnotes required by the U.S. GAAP. Interim results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full fiscal year or for any future period. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, and related notes included in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements.
Principles of consolidation
The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. A subsidiary is an entity (including a structured entity), directly or indirectly, controlled by the Company. The financial statements of the subsidiaries are prepared for the same reporting period as the Company, using consistent accounting policies. All significant assets and liabilities, equity, income, expenses and cash flows relating to transactions between members of the Group are eliminated in consolidation.
Foreign currency translation and transaction
The Group uses United States Dollar (“$” or “US$”) as its reporting currency. The functional currency of the Company and its subsidiary incorporated in the BVI is US$ and the functional currency of its Hong Kong subsidiaries is Hong Kong Dollar (“HK$”). The determination of the respective functional currency is based on the criteria of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 830, “Foreign Currency Matters”.
In the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company, transactions in currencies other than the functional currency are measured and recorded in the functional currencies using the exchange rate in effect at the dates of the transactions. At the balance sheet date, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currencies are translated into the functional currencies using the exchange rate at the balance sheet date. All gains and losses arising from foreign currency transactions are recorded in the statements of income and comprehensive income during the year in which they occur.
|
Six months ended |
||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||
|
Average rate |
7.8084 |
7.8317 |
||
|
As of |
As of |
|||
|
Period-end spot rate |
7.7693 |
7.8259 |
F-10
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
Use of estimates and assumptions
The preparation of the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities as at the date of the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting periods. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making the judgements about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the consolidated financial statements include allowance for expected credit losses, the useful lives of property and equipment, impairment assessment of long-lived assets, interest rate of lease, provision for income taxes and valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Recently adopted accounting pronouncements
In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). The new accounting standard introduced the current expected credit losses methodology (“CECL”) for estimating allowances for credit losses. The measurement of expected credit losses under the CECL methodology is applicable to financial assets measured at amortized costs, including loans and trade receivables. ASU 2016-13 is effective for the Company, as an Emerging Growth Company (“EGC”), for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022. The Group adopted the standard on April 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective method for all financial assets in scope. The adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated statements of income, or consolidated statements of cash flows.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash represent cash in bank and are unrestricted as to withdrawal or use. Cash equivalents include certificates of deposit, amounted to US$590,501 and Nil, respectively, as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, with original maturities less than three months. The Group maintains all bank accounts in Hong Kong.
As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, the Company has HKD time deposits of HK$4,000,000 (US$514,847) and HK$6,000,000 (US$766,685) in which the maturity dates were less than three months, respectively.
Management believes that it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents.
Accounts receivable, net
Accounts receivable mainly represent amounts due from financial institutions in which customers settled the payment by credit cards for purchase of services of beauty, wellness and postpartum, and the accounts receivable derived from consultancy services, which are all recorded net of allowance for the Group’s expected credit losses. Credit card transactions are typically settled within two days. However, if customers opt for installment payments, settlement periods range from 30 to 60 days. The installment payments arrangement is strict between the customer and the credit card issuer and does not involve the Company. Regardless of the installment terms agreed upon by the customer, the full transaction amount is remitted to the Company in a lump sum — within 30 days for American Express and 60 days for other credit cards, including UnionPay, Visa, and MasterCard — after the customer has authorized the payment. For consultancy services, the Group generally grants credit terms of 90 days to the customers.
In evaluating the collectability of accounts receivable balances, the Company considers specific evidence including aging of the receivable, the client’s payment history, its current creditworthiness, current economic trends and future expectations and customer specific quantitative and qualitative factors that may affect our customers’ ability to pay. The Group regularly reviews the adequacy and appropriateness of the allowance for expected credit losses. Accounts
F-11
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
receivables are written off after all collection efforts have ceased. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, no allowance for expected credit losses was recognized as there were no experiences on default from customers or failure of transfer from credit card center after payment authorization was made by customers and all outstanding accounts receivable as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 were subsequently settled before the report date.
Deposits, prepayments and other receivables, net
Deposits, prepayments and other receivables consist of utility and rental deposits paid, prepaid rent and cash prepaid to suppliers for software maintaining services and client records. Deposits paid, prepaid rent and cash prepaid to suppliers are classified as either current or non-current based on the terms of the respective agreements. These advances are unsecured and reviewed periodically to determine whether their carrying value has become impaired. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, management believes that the Group’s deposits, prepayments and other receivables are not impaired.
Inventories, net
Inventories are comprised of traditional Chinese medicines health products, such as Yin-nourishing pill, Ginseng soothing anti-allergy moisturizing wash, Beauty Lab home herbal uterine care patch etc., which are produced using the Company’s patented technology and branded “Beauty Lab” with the company’s logo, intended for resale, and we value inventories using the lower of cost, on a weighted average basis, and net realizable value, which is generally based on the selling price expectations of the products. Cost of inventories sold is charged to cost of sales of products, which also includes inbound freight cost. Adjustments are recorded to write down the cost of inventories to the estimated net realizable value for slow-moving products and damaged goods, which are dependent upon factors such as historical and forecasted consumer demand, and other market conditions. The Company takes ownership, risks and rewards of its inventories, and has sole discretion in establishing prices for goods to be sold. Write downs are recorded in cost of sales of products in the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, no obsolescent goods were noted.
Property and equipment, net
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and any impairment losses. The cost of an asset comprises its purchase price and any directly attributable costs of bringing the asset to its present working condition and location for its intended use. Major renewals, betterments, and improvements are capitalized to the asset accounts while replacements, maintenance, and repairs, which do not improve or extend the lives of the respective assets, are expensed to statements of income. At the time when property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the asset and related accumulated depreciation or amortization accounts are relieved of the applicable amounts. Gains or losses from retirements or sales are credited or charged to statements of income.
Depreciation is computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. The estimated useful lives for significant property and equipment are as follows:
|
Leasehold improvement |
Over the shorter of the lease term or estimated useful life |
|
|
Furniture and fixture |
5 years |
|
|
Machinery and equipment |
3 to 5 years |
|
|
Motor vehicle |
5 years |
The Company also re-evaluates the periods of depreciation to determine whether subsequent events and circumstances warrant revised estimates of useful lives.
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NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
Impairment for long-lived assets
Long-lived assets, representing property and equipment with finite lives, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances (such as a significant adverse change to market conditions that will impact the future use of the assets) indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. In evaluating long-lived assets for recoverability, the Company uses its best estimate of future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and eventual disposition in accordance with FASB ASC 360-10-15. To the extent that estimated future, undiscounted cash inflows attributable to the asset, less estimated future, undiscounted cash outflows, are less than the carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the difference between the carrying value of such asset and its fair value. Assets to be disposed of and for which there is a committed plan of disposal, whether through sale or abandonment, are reported at the lower of carrying value or fair value less costs to sell. If an impairment is identified, The Company would reduce the carrying amount of the asset to its estimated fair value based on a discounted cash flows approach or, when available and appropriate, to comparable market values. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, no impairment of long-lived assets was recognized.
Lease
The Company utilizes ASC 842 to account for leases for all periods presented. ASC 842 supersedes the lease requirements in ASC 840 “Leases”, and generally requires lessees to recognize operating and finance lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets on the balance sheet and to provide enhanced disclosures surrounding the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leasing arrangements.
Operating lease
We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. On our balance sheet, our corporate office leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (ROU) assets, current and non-current portion of operating lease liabilities.
ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term, reduced by lease incentives received, plus any initial direct costs, using the discount rate for the lease at the commencement date. If the implicit rate in lease is not readily determinable for our operating leases, we generally use the incremental borrowing rate based on the estimated rate of interest for collateralized borrowing over a similar term of the lease payments at commencement date. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We elected not to separate non-lease components from lease components; therefore, it will account for lease component and the non-lease components as a single lease component when there is only one vendor in the lease contract for the office leases. Lease payments are fixed.
Any lease with a term of 12 months or less is considered short-term. As permitted by ASC 842, short-term leases are excluded from the ROU assets and lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. Consistent with all other operating leases, short-term lease expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued a Q&A in March 2020 that focused on the application of lease guidance in ASC 842 for lease concessions related to the effects of COVID-19. The FASB staff has said that entities can elect to not evaluate whether concessions granted by lessors related to COVID-19 are lease modifications. Entities that make this election can then apply the lease modification guidance in ASC 842 or account for the concession as if it were contemplated as part of the existing contract. The Company has elected to not treat the concessions as lease modifications and will instead account for the lease concessions as if they were contemplated as part of the existing leases. The Company has recorded negative variable lease expense and adjusted lease liabilities at the point in which the rent concession has become accruable.
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CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
The Company evaluates the impairment of its right-of-use assets consistent with the approach applied for its other long-lived assets. The Company reviews the recoverability of its long-lived assets when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on its ability to recover the carrying value of the asset from the expected undiscounted future pre-tax cash flows of the related operations. The Company has elected to include the carrying amount of finance and operating lease liabilities in any tested asset group and include the associated lease payments in the undiscounted future pre-tax cash flows. For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Group did not have any impairment loss against its operating lease right-of-use assets.
Finance lease
On our balance sheet, finance lease represented the lease of an equipment as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024. We classify a lease as a finance lease when the lease meets any of the following criteria at lease commencement:
• The lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to the lessee by the end of the lease term;
• The lease grants the lessee an option to purchase the underlying asset that the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise;
• The lease term is for the major part of the remaining economic life of the underlying asset;
• The present value of the sum of the lease payments and any residual value guaranteed by the lessee that is not already reflected in the lease payments in accordance with ASC 842 paragraph 842-10-30-5(f) equals or exceeds substantially all of the fair value of the underlying asset;
• The underlying asset is of such a specialized nature that it is expected to have no alternative use to the lessor at the end of the lease term.
Lease term includes rent holidays and options to extend or terminate the lease when we are reasonably certain that it will exercise that option. We do not recognize finance lease assets or lease liabilities for renewal periods unless it is determined that we are reasonably certain of renewing the lease at inception or when a triggering event occurs. The lease assets for finance leases consist of the amount of the measurement of the lease liabilities and any prepaid lease payments. The interest and amortization expense of finance lease are presented separately. Interest expense is determined using the effective interest method. Amortization expense is recorded on a straight-line basis of the finance lease assets. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.
For finance leases, lease expense is recognized as depreciation and interest; depreciation on a straight-line basis over the lease term and interest using the effective interest method.
Deferred offering costs
The Company follows the requirements of the FASB ASC 340-10-S99-1 and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) Topic 5A — “Expenses of Offering”. Deferred offering costs consist of underwriting, legal and other expenses incurred through the balance sheet date that are directly related to the intended initial public offering (“IPO”). Deferred offering costs will be charged to shareholders’ equity netted against the proceeds upon the completion of the IPO. Should the IPO prove to be unsuccessful, these deferred offering costs, as well as additional expenses to be incurred, will be charged to statements of income. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, the deferred offering costs were US$399,338 and US$26,834, respectively. Such costs will be deferred until the closing of the IPO, at which time the deferred costs will be offset against the offering proceeds and recognized in equity of the Company.
Accruals and other payables
Accruals and other payables primarily include accrued staff costs, accrued professional fees and other accruals and payables for the operation of the ordinary course of business.
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NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
Contract liabilities
Contract liabilities are recorded when consideration is received from a customer prior to transferring the services to the customer or other conditions under the terms of a service contract. These payments are non-refundable and are recognized as revenue when either our performance obligation is satisfied or upon expiry of subscription plan for the services. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, the Company recorded contract liabilities of US$4,184,013 and US$4,496,155, respectively, which was presented as contract liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Bank borrowings
Borrowings are initially recognized at fair value, net of upfront fees incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognized in statements of income over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method. All bank borrowings were classified as short term due to repayment on demand clauses attached in the borrowings.
Fair value measurement
ASC 820 requires certain disclosures regarding the fair value of financial instruments. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 820 specifies a hierarchy of valuation techniques, which is based on whether the inputs used in the valuation technique are observable or unobservable. The hierarchy is as follows:
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Level 1 — |
inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. |
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Level 2 — |
inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instruments. |
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Level 3 — |
inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value. |
Unless otherwise disclosed, fair value of the Company’s financial instruments including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, deposits, prepayments and other receivables, amount due from a director, bank borrowings, contract liabilities, trade payables, accruals and other payables and current portion of lease liabilities approximate their recorded values due to their short-term maturities.
Non-controlling interests
Non-controlling interests in the Company’s subsidiaries are recorded in accordance with the provisions of ASC 810 and are reported as a component of equity, separate from the parent’s equity. Purchase or sale of equity interests that do not result in a change of control are accounted for as equity transactions. Results of operations attributable to the non-controlling interest are included in our unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of income.
The Company’s non-controlling interests represent the minority shareholder’s ownership interests related to the Company’s subsidiary, representing 20% for Choliya as discussed in Note 1 to the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements. Non-controlling interests in the results of the Company are presented on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statement of income as allocations of the total income or loss between non-controlling interests holders and the shareholders of the Company.
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CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
During the six months ended September 30, 2024, Ms. Wong acquired 20% of equity interest from the non-controlling shareholder and in turn Pilate acquired 20% of equity interest in Choliya from Ms. Wong. As a result, Choliya becomes a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company accordingly. Pursuant to ASC 810-10-45-23, since the transaction simply led to a change in the Company’s ownership in Choliya from 80% to 100% while the Company remains its control over Choliya, such transaction is accounted for as an equity transaction with no gain or loss recognized.
Related parties
The Company adopted ASC Topic 850, Related Party Disclosures, for the identification of related parties and disclosure of related party transactions.
Parties are considered to be related if one party has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operating decisions. Parties are also considered to be related if they are subject to common control or significant influence of the same party, such as a family member or relative, shareholder, or a related corporation.
The details of related party transactions during the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 and balances as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 are set out in Note 10.
Revenue recognition
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and subsequently issued additional related Accounting Standards Updates (collectively, “ASC 606”). The Company derives revenue principally from the provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum service, sales of products and consultancy services. The Company enters into agreements with customers that create enforceable rights and obligations and for which it is probable that the Company will collect the consideration to which it will be entitled as services transfer to the customer. It is customary practice for the Company to have written agreements with its customers and revenue on oral or implied arrangements is generally not recognized. The Company recognizes revenue based on the consideration specified in the applicable agreement.
Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized using the following five steps:
1. identify the contract(s) with a customer;
2. identify the performance obligations in the contract;
3. determine the transaction price;
4. allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and
5. recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.
The Company has elected to apply the practical expedient in paragraph ASC 606-10-50-14 and does not disclose information about remaining performance obligations that have original expected durations of one year or less.
The Company elected a practical expedient that it does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if the Company expects that, upon the inception of revenue contracts, the period between when the Company transfers its promised services or deliverables to its clients and when the clients pay for those services or deliverables will be one year or less.
As a practical expedient, the Company elected to expense the incremental costs of obtaining a contract when incurred if the amortization period of the asset that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less.
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CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
The core principle underlying ASC 606 is that the Company will recognize revenue to represent the transfer of services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in such exchange. This will require the Company to identify contractual performance obligations and determine whether revenue should be recognized at a point in time or over time, based on when control of services transfers to a customer.
The service offerings by the Company mainly comprise the following:
(a) Beauty, wellness and postpartum service
Our beauty, wellness, and postpartum services include but are not limited to womb-warming therapy, BTS (Beauty, Tailor-made, Slim) pelvic detox therapy, agarwood moxibustion therapy, traditional Chinese medicines inspired prenatal massage, and Indonesian traditional abdominal binding. The Company enters into a distinct contract with its customers for the provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum services. Our customers are individuals. The customers can purchase various plans of different services based on their needs and choices. Pursuant to the contract, each type of service is not interrelated and is distinct as (i) customers are entitled to a series of appointments for the specific services purchased; and (ii) each service has its own price which is separately negotiable. Each type of service is considered as a promise and a separate performance obligation. Hence, there will be more than one promise for each contract entered into between the Company and the customers. The contracts are generally non-cancellable and non-refundable in the event of cancellation. All services have an expiry date of one full year from the date of the purchase but exception was granted case-by-case which may have more than one year for expiry date but this situation is mere. If there is an extension of expiry date requested by customer, the customers are required to pay additional fee for the purchase of other plans or purchase additional number of times with the same plan. Each service is typically fixed priced with no variable consideration and does not provide any post-contract service. Customers are required to pay a fixed lump sum fee in advance for the purchase of either (i) a series of services offered by the Company for one year; or (ii) a designated service with fixed number of times during one year period. Payments can be settled by cash, Payme, Alipay, Octopus card, WeChat Pay, faster payment system or credit card. The fee was recognized as contract liability upon receipt and charged to revenue, net of discounts, in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income (loss) once used by the customers and the amount of revenue to be recognized either on (i) the price of series of services used each time; or (ii) the times used for each plan in each appointment. The unit price for customers purchasing the plan is based on number of times calculated on an effective basis, i.e. total lump sum fee paid by customers divided by total number of times purchased including any free trials offered for the plan as stipulated in the contract. The Company offers discounts, which is a common practice in the beauty industry, to customers. Discounts are negotiated separately for each promise, which are agreed and stated clearly for each promise in the contract before full payment is made by the customers. Hence, the net amount paid by customers is fixed with no variable consideration and there is no allocation involving any estimation required. The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation in the contract on the basis of the relative stand-alone selling prices of the promised services (i.e. the net amount for each promise stated in the contract). The customers can renew/purchase additional times/plans upon or before the expiry of contract and any renewal and purchase by the same customer are considered a new contract separately since similar price is required to be paid by the customers as normal purchase. During the services, as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the relaxation services, the revenue is recognized over time. We also recognize revenue for breakage based on past experience that the prepaid amounts are not expected to be used upon expiry without any renewal.
(b) Sales of products
We also offer traditional Chinese medicines inspired supplements products, including (i) traditional Chinese medicines inspired supplements products, such as uterine care patches, probiotic intimate wash, and nourishing pill sets, designed to support uterine health, improve physical weakness, and balance endocrine functions for female customers; and (ii) beauty products, including time ginseng soothing anti-allergy moisturizing wash, which provide comprehensive care for skin issues, and scalp health. The Company derives its revenues from sales contracts with its customers with revenues being recognized at a point in time when control of the products are transferred to its customer at the Company’s wellness centers. The revenue is recognized based on the price paid which is fixed and net of any discount
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CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
upon delivery at the counter. The sales have no right of return, no warranty and are not refundable. Product delivery is evidenced by a payment receipt record. Payments can be settled by cash, Payme, Alipay, Octopus card, WeChat Pay, faster payment system or credit card.
(c) Consultancy services
In addition, we provide traditional Chinese medicine technical training and dietary therapy training and other consultancy services to other well-established and reputable beauty salons, massage centers, and similar entities. The Company enters into a distinct contract with its customers for the provision various services including (i) training for skills on promotion of reputation of their entities and dietary therapy services; and (ii) the attendance of our tradition Chinese medicine practitioner for services, with service period from three months to six months. Pursuant to the contracts between the Company and their customers, there are various promises in one contract and each promise is distinct and is not interrelated representing separate performance obligation. Fees charged for each performance obligation are different and based on the promises provided. The service fees for training related services are fixed and stipulated in the contract while other services are not fixed but variable which depends on the actual number of working hours during dispatched period. The Company does not offer any credits or discounts, rebates, price concessions or other similar privileges to customers. Due to the nature of services, the Company does not permit refund to customers. Typically, customers are required to pay either in advance or within 90 days from invoicing. Services provided are evidenced by the attendance records signed by both Company and the customers. These services are primarily recognized as revenues at point in time when services are provided.
Operating costs and expenses
Operating expenses primarily consist of cost of sales of products, advertising and promotion expenses, salaries and related social insurance costs for operations, rentals, professional services fees, depreciation of property and equipment, bank charges, consumables, such as herbal medicines, body lotion, organic essential oils and shampoo in bulk portion, are primarily used during the course of the daily services provided by the company to customers and other office expenses related to general operations. Advertising and promotion expenses represented the advertisements launched in Facebook and other social media platform and are charged to operating costs and expenses as they incurred. Cost of sales of products represented the purchase price of the traditional Chinese medicines inspired supplements products. In situations where promotional products, such as samples and testers, are provided by the Company to its customers at the same time as a related saleable product, the cost of these promotional products are recognized as cost of sales of products at the same time as the revenue for the related product is recognized.
Other income
Interest income is mainly generated from the Company’s savings, term deposits and certificates of deposit, and is recognized on an accrual basis using the effective interest method.
Employee benefit plan
The principal employee’s retirement scheme is under the Hong Kong Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance. Contributions are made by both the employer and the employee at the rate of 5% on the employee’s relevant salary income, subject to a cap of monthly relevant income of approximately US$3,833.
During the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the total amounts charged to the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of income in respect of the Company’s costs incurred on the Mandatory Provident Fund Scheme were approximately US$4,813 and US$5,397, respectively.
F-18
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
Income taxes
BVI
We are incorporated in the BVI and is not subject to tax on income or capital gains under current BVI law. In addition, upon payments of dividends by these entities to their shareholders, no BVI withholding tax will be imposed.
Hong Kong
Subsidiaries incorporated in Hong Kong are subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax on the taxable income as reported in their statutory financial statements adjusted in accordance with Hong Kong’s Inland Revenue Department Ordinance. The applicable tax rate is 16.5% in Hong Kong. Starting from the financial year commencing on April 1, 2018, the two-tiered profits tax regime took effect, under which the tax rate is 8.25% for assessable profits on the first HK$2 million and 16.5% for any assessable profits in excess of HK$2 million.
The Company accounts for income taxes pursuant to ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). Income taxes are provided on an asset and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. Any tax paid by subsidiaries during the year is recorded. Current tax is based on the profit or loss from ordinary activities adjusted for items that are non-assessable or disallowable for income tax purpose and is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. ASC 740 also requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the financial statements and the tax basis of assets and liabilities, and the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax losses and tax credit carry-forwards. ASC 740 additionally requires the establishment of a valuation allowance to reflect the likelihood of realization of deferred tax assets. Realization of deferred tax assets, including those related to the U.S. net operating loss carry-forwards, is dependent upon future earnings, if any, of which the timing and amount are uncertain.
An uncertain tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded. Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified as income tax expense in the period incurred.
Comprehensive income
The Company presents comprehensive income in accordance with ASC Topic 220, Comprehensive Income, (“ASC 220”). ASC 220 states that all items that are required to be recognized under accounting standards as components of comprehensive income be reported in the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements. The components of comprehensive income include the net income and foreign currency translation for the periods presented.
Commitments and contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to contingencies, including legal proceedings and claims arising out of the business that relate to a wide range of matters, such as government investigations and tax matters. The Company recognizes a liability for such contingency if it determines it is probable that a loss has occurred, and a reasonable estimate of the loss can be made. The Company may consider many factors in making these assessments including historical and the specific facts and circumstances of each matter.
Segment reporting
ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting, establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments on a basis consistent with the Company’s internal organizational structure as well as information about geographical areas, business segments and major customers in financial statements for details on the Company’s business segments. The
F-19
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) is the Chief Executive Officer. The Company’s CODM assess the Group’s performance and results of operations on a consolidated basis. The Company uses the “management approach” in determining reportable operating segments. The management approach considers the internal organization and reporting used by the Company’s CODM for making operating decisions and assessing performance as the source for determining the Company’s reportable segments. Management, including the CODM, reviews operation results by the revenue of different products or services. Based on management’s assessment, the Company has determined that it has only one operating segment. All assets of the Company are located in Hong Kong and all revenue is generated in Hong Kong.
Earnings per share
The Company computes earnings per share, or EPS, in accordance with ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share (“ASC 260”). ASC 260 requires companies to present basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is measured as net income divided by the weighted average ordinary share outstanding for the year. Diluted EPS presents the dilutive effect on a per share basis of the potential ordinary shares (e.g., convertible securities, options and warrants) as if they had been converted at the beginning of the years presented, or issuance date, if later. Potential ordinary shares that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS. For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, there were no dilutive shares.
Statement of cash flows
In accordance with ASC 230, “Statement of Cash Flows”, cash flows from the Company’s operations are formulated based upon the local currencies, and then translated at average exchange rates for the periods. As a result, amounts related to assets and liabilities reported on the unaudited interim condensed statements of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Recently issued accounting pronouncements
In January 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848). ASU No. 2021-01 is an update of ASU No. 2020-04, which is in response to concerns about structural risks of interbank offered rates, and particularly the risk of cessation of LIBOR. Regulators have undertaken reference rate reform initiatives to identify alternative reference rates that are more observable or transaction based and less susceptible to manipulation. ASU No. 2020-04 provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting. ASU No. 2020-04 is elective and applies to all entities, subject to meeting certain criteria, that have contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. The ASU No. 2021-01 update clarifies that certain optional expedients and exceptions in Topic 848 for contract modifications and hedge accounting apply to derivatives that are affected by the discounting transition. The amendments in this update are effective immediately through December 31, 2022, for all entities. On December 21, 2022, the FASB issued a new Accounting Standards Update ASU No. 2022-06, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848, that extends the sunset (or expiration) date of ASC Topic 848 to December 31, 2024. This gives reporting entities two additional years to apply the accounting relief provided under ASC Topic 848 for matters related to reference rate reform. The Company does not expect the cessation of LIBOR to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, “Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative.” This ASU incorporates certain U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) disclosure requirements into the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. The amendments in the ASU are expected to clarify or improve disclosure and presentation requirements of a variety of Codification Topics, allow users to compare entities subject more easily to the SEC’s existing disclosures with those entities that were not previously subject to the requirements, and align the requirements in the Codification with the SEC’s regulations. For entities subject to the SEC’s existing disclosure requirements and for entities required to file
F-20
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
or furnish financial statements with or to the SEC in preparation for the sale of or for purposes of issuing securities that are not subject to contractual restrictions on transfer, the effective date for each amendment will be the date on which the SEC removes that related disclosure from its rules. For all other entities, the amendments will be effective two years later. However, if by June 30, 2027, the SEC has not removed the related disclosure from its regulations, the amendments will be removed from the Codification and not become effective for any entity. We are currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2023-06 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures.” The amendments in this ASU are intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. This ASU requires disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision mark (CODM), an amount for other segment items by reportable segment and a description of its composition, all annual disclosures required by FASB ASU Topic 280 in interim periods as well, and the title and position of the CODM and how the CODM uses the reported measures. Additionally, this ASU requires that at least one of the reported segment profit and loss measures should be the measure that is most consistent with the measurement principles used in an entity’s consolidated financial statements. Lastly, this ASU requires public business entities with a single reportable segment to provide all disclosures required by these amendments in this ASU and all existing segment disclosures in Topic 280. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments should be applied retrospectively. We are currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2023-06 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income taxes (Topic 740), Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which provides guidance on the requirements such as the requirement that public business entities on an annual basis (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. For public business entities (PBEs), the new requirements will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. For entities other than public business entities (non-PBEs), the requirements will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025. Early adoption is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. The ASU should be applied prospectively. Retrospective application is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2023-09 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement — Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220-40): Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (“ASU 2024-03”). This update requires, among other things, more detailed disclosure about types of expenses in commonly presented expense captions such as cost of sales and selling, general, and administrative expenses, and is intended to improve the disclosures about an entity’s expenses including purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation and amortization. ASU 2024-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
Except as mentioned above, the Company does not believe other recently issued but not yet effective accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the consolidated balance sheets, statements of income and comprehensive income and statements of cash flows.
Going Concern
As of September 30, 2024, the Company continued having a working capital deficit of US$2,281,970. This circumstance gave rise to substantial doubt that the Company would continue as a going concern subsequent to September 30, 2024. As of September 30, 2024, the Company had US$2,692,056 cash and cash equivalents.
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CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
We intend to meet the cash requirements for the next 12 months from the issuance date of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements through operations and financial support from our Controlling Shareholder, financial institutions, and investors. We are continuing to focus on improving operational efficiency and cost reductions and enhancing efficiency. Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon obtaining the necessary financing or negotiating the terms of the existing short-term liabilities to meet our current and future liquidity needs.
Despite the Company’s efforts to obtain additional funding and reduce operating costs, there is no assurance that the Company’s plans and actions will be successful. Therefore, there is a substantial doubt about the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern, and that it may be unable to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company’s unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and liquidation of liabilities during the normal course of operations.
3. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET
Accounts receivable, net is comprised of the following:
|
As of |
As of |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
Accounts receivable, gross |
391,792 |
351,614 |
||
|
Less: allowance for expected credit losses |
— |
— |
||
|
Accounts receivable, net |
391,792 |
351,614 |
Accounts receivable, net as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 are aged within one year. Up to March 31, 2025, the entire outstanding accounts receivable balance as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 were fully settled.
4. DEPOSITS, PREPAYMENTS AND OTHER RECEIVABLES, NET
Deposits, prepayments and other receivables, net comprised of the following:
|
As of |
As of |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
Rental and utility deposits |
241,931 |
323,556 |
||
|
Prepaid rent |
46,192 |
20,008 |
||
|
Prepayments to suppliers |
6,110 |
6,065 |
||
|
Other receivables |
11,681 |
3,926 |
||
|
Total deposits, prepayments and other receivables |
305,914 |
353,555 |
||
|
Less: non-current portion |
183,303 |
54,604 |
||
|
Current portion |
122,611 |
298,951 |
F-22
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
5. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
Property and equipment, net consists of the following:
|
As of |
As of |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
Leasehold improvement |
804,351 |
|
798,533 |
|
||
|
Furniture and fixtures |
188,949 |
|
187,299 |
|
||
|
Machinery and equipment |
100,245 |
|
95,430 |
|
||
|
Motor vehicle |
253,362 |
|
86,544 |
|
||
|
Subtotal |
1,346,907 |
|
1,167,806 |
|
||
|
Less: accumulated depreciation |
(860,392 |
) |
(698,280 |
) |
||
|
Net carrying value |
486,515 |
|
469,526 |
|
||
Depreciation expenses recognized for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were US$155,931 and US$190,011, respectively.
As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, a motor vehicle with carrying amount of US$152,339 and US$70,678 was under a finance lease, respectively (Note 9).
6. TRADE PAYABLES, ACCRUALS AND OTHER PAYABLES
Trade payables, accruals and other payables consist of the following:
|
As of |
As of |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
Accrued staff costs and employee benefits |
144,483 |
141,594 |
||
|
Accrued professional fees |
160,000 |
268,912 |
||
|
Accrued advertising expenses |
— |
639 |
||
|
Others |
42,515 |
40,005 |
||
|
Total |
346,998 |
451,150 |
7. CONTRACT LIABILITIES
The movement of contract liabilities consists of the following:
|
As of |
As of |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
Balance at beginning of period/year |
4,496,155 |
|
5,602,672 |
|
||
|
Additions |
2,615,338 |
|
4,778,914 |
|
||
|
Recognized as revenue during the period/year |
(2,958,508 |
) |
(5,902,806 |
) |
||
|
Exchange realignment |
31,028 |
|
17,375 |
|
||
|
Balance at end of period/year |
4,184,013 |
|
4,496,155 |
|
||
During the six months ended September 30, 2024, revenues of US$1,676,747 were recognized that were included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period.
During the six months ended September 30, 2023, revenues of US$1,990,945 were recognized that were included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period.
F-23
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
8. BANK BORROWINGS
Outstanding balances of bank borrowings as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 consist of the following:
|
As of |
As of |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
Bank borrowings |
||||
|
Guaranteed(i) |
381,040 |
442,612 |
||
|
Short-term bank borrowings(ii),(iii) |
381,040 |
442,612 |
____________
(i) The bank borrowings were guaranteed by Ms. Wong Kit, the Controlling Shareholder, and the HKMC Insurance Limited under a financing aid program for SMBs operating in Hong Kong.
(ii) As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, the Company had bank borrowings amounted to US$381,040 and US$442,612, respectively, which contained repayment on demand clauses. Accordingly, they have been classified as current liabilities. For the purpose of the illustration, such bank borrowings are included within short-term bank borrowings and represented as bank borrowings repayable on demand.
(iii) The bank borrowings are all denominated in HK$.
Bank borrowings as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 are as follows:
|
Lender |
Type |
Maturity date |
Currency |
Weighted |
As of |
As of |
||||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||||||||
|
Bank of China (Hong Kong) Limited |
Term loan |
December 15, 2025 with repayable on demand clause |
HK$ |
2023: 3.375% 2024: 3.625% |
43,649 |
60,127 |
||||||
|
Bank of China (Hong Kong) Limited |
Term loan |
November 11, 2029 with repayable on demand clause |
HK$ |
2023: 3.375% 2024: 3.625% |
96,500 |
104,157 |
||||||
|
Bank of China (Hong Kong) Limited |
Term loan |
March 25, 2029 with repayable on demand clause |
HK$ |
2023: 3.375% 2024: 3.625% |
160,403 |
175,387 |
||||||
|
Bank of China (Hong Kong) Limited |
Term loan |
May 13, 2026 with repayable on demand clause |
HK$ |
2023: 3.375% 2024: 3.625% |
80,488 |
102,941 |
||||||
|
381,040 |
442,612 |
As of September 30, 2024, the contractual repayment schedule is as follows:
|
12 months ending September 30, |
US$ |
|
|
2025 |
133,210 |
|
|
2026 |
94,284 |
|
|
2027 |
54,512 |
|
|
2028 |
56,494 |
|
|
2029 |
39,119 |
|
|
Thereafter |
3,421 |
|
|
Total bank borrowings |
381,040 |
F-24
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
9. RIGHT-OF-USE ASSETS AND LEASE LIABILITIES
The Company is a lessee of non-cancellable operating leases for stores in Hong Kong with lease terms ranging from 2 to 3 years. As of September 30, 2024, the Company also leased a motor vehicle with a lease term of 36 months under a finance lease. The Company’s ROU assets and operating and finance lease liabilities recognized in the unaudited interim condensed consolidated balances sheets consist of the following:
Operating leases
Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating leases was as follows:
|
As of |
As of |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
Operating lease ROU assets |
|
|
||||
|
Cost |
1,391,460 |
|
1,341,584 |
|
||
|
Less: accumulated amortization |
(574,053 |
) |
(889,249 |
) |
||
|
Right of use assets, net |
817,407 |
|
452,335 |
|
||
|
As of |
As of |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
Operating lease liabilities, current |
500,807 |
356,081 |
||
|
Operating lease liabilities, non-current |
353,449 |
129,662 |
||
|
Total operating lease liabilities |
854,256 |
485,743 |
During the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred lease expenses of approximately US$271,868 and US$361,275, respectively.
Other supplemental information about the Company’s operating leases as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024:
|
As of |
As of |
|||||
|
Weighted average remaining lease term (years) |
1.96 |
|
1.27 |
|
||
|
Weighted average discount rate (representing the incremental borrowing rate) |
3.37 |
% |
2.75 |
% |
||
The following table shows the remaining contractual maturities of the Group’s operating lease liabilities as of September 30, 2024:
|
12 months ending September 30, |
US$ |
||
|
2025 |
520,580 |
|
|
|
2026 |
268,452 |
|
|
|
2027 |
93,105 |
|
|
|
Total lease payments |
882,137 |
|
|
|
Less: imputed interests |
(27,881 |
) |
|
|
Operating lease liabilities on consolidated balance sheets |
854,256 |
|
|
F-25
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
9. RIGHT-OF-USE ASSETS AND LEASE LIABILITIES (cont.)
Finance lease
Supplemental balance sheet information related to finance leases was as follows:
|
As of |
As of |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
Current finance lease obligation |
13,254 |
14,436 |
||
|
Non-current finance lease obligation portion |
106,140 |
18,588 |
||
|
Total |
119,394 |
33,024 |
Other supplemental information about the Company’s finance leases as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024:
|
As of |
As of |
|||||
|
Weighted average remaining lease term (years) |
2.67 |
|
2.16 |
|
||
|
Weighted average discount rate (representing the effective explicit interest rate stipulated in the finance lease contract) |
7.24 |
% |
9.35 |
% |
||
The maturity analysis of the Company’s undiscounted non-cancellable finance lease obligations as of September 30, 2024 is as follows:
|
12 months ending September 30, |
US$ |
|
|
2025 |
13,254 |
|
|
2026 |
14,247 |
|
|
2027 |
91,893 |
|
|
Total future lease payments |
119,394 |
10. RELATED PARTY BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS
Relationships with related parties
|
Name |
Relationship |
|
|
Ms. Wong Kit (“Ms. Wong”) |
The Controlling Shareholder, chief executive officer of the Company, and director/chairwoman |
|
|
Ms. Wong Ting Ting |
Sister of Ms. Wong |
|
|
Ms. Liu Qiong |
Mother of Ms. Wong |
Amount due from a related party consists of the following:
|
Name |
Nature |
As of |
As of |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
Ms. Wong Kit (“Ms. Wong”) |
Amounts due from a director |
73,523 |
885,056 |
|||
|
73,523 |
885,056 |
F-26
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
10. RELATED PARTY BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS (cont.)
The balances with related parties are unsecured, interest free with no specific repayment terms. These balances represented funds transferred to Ms. Kit Wong, the chairwoman, director and Controlling Shareholder of the Company, for the payment made on behalf of the Company’s for the purchase of inventories and consumables and the receipt of service fees on behalf of the Company’s from payment platforms, including Payme, Alipay and Faster Payment System, and fund transfer for daily operations. As of the date of report, the balance for the amount due from Ms. Wong as of September 30, 2024 has been fully settled.
The Company does not have significant related party transactions incurred during the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 except for the following:
(i) For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, staff costs and employee benefits paid to Ms. Wong Ting Ting were US$23,091 and US$6,312, respectively, and Ms. Liu Qiong were US$14,310 and US$8,052, respectively. Both Ms. Wong Ting Ting and Ms. Liu Qiong are employees of the Company.
(ii) Remuneration to senior management for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were:
|
Six months ended |
||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
Remuneration to senior management: |
||||
|
Salaries and other short-term employee benefits |
114,664 |
110,611 |
||
|
Payments to defined contribution pension schemes |
2,854 |
4,415 |
||
|
Total |
117,518 |
115,026 |
||
11. Shareholders’ equity (DEFICIT)
Ordinary shares
The Company was incorporated as an exempted company with limited liability under the laws of the British Virgin Island on February 28, 2024. The authorized share capital of the Company was US$7,500 divided into 50,000 ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.15 each at the date of incorporation. On October 18, 2024, the shareholders of the Company approved an Amended and Restated of the Articles of Association, pursuant to which 1) the authorized share capital of the Company was re-classified from one class to two classes which are divided into 60,000,000 Class A ordinary shares, with a par value of $0.0001 each and 15,000,000 Class B ordinary shares, with a par value of $0.0001 each; 2) holders of Class A ordinary shares shall be entitled to one vote per share on all matters subject to the vote at general meetings of the Company, while holders of Class B ordinary shares shall be entitled to 20 votes per share on all matters subject to the vote at general meetings of the Company; 3) each Class B ordinary share is convertible into one Class A ordinary share either (i) at any time by the holder thereof, or (ii) when the holder of Class B ordinary shares transfers to a third party not affiliated with such holder, while Class A ordinary shares are not convertible into Class B ordinary shares under any circumstances; and 4) the dividend rights and other privileges including the rights for the remaining assets are the same in the event of liquidation for both Class A and Class B ordinary shares are the same. On October 18, 2024, the shareholding of the original one class ordinary share 13,338,000 in the Company was transferred to Class A ordinary shares and the proportion of their shareholdings in the Company being held by Ms. Wong and each individual shareholder remains unchanged.
On November 1, 2024, an aggregate 2,000,000 Class B ordinary shares were allotted to Ms. Wong, the Controlling Shareholder at a cash consideration of par value of $0.0001 per share.
After the transactions mentioned above, Ms. Wong, owns an aggregate of 10,350,360 Class A ordinary shares and 2,000,000 Class B ordinary shares, representing 94.40% of the total voting power of our Company.
F-27
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
11. Shareholders’ equity (DEFICIT) (cont.)
As a part of the Company’s recapitalization prior to completion of its initial public offering, the Company has retroactively restated all shares and per share data for all the periods presented according to Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805-50-25 due to under common control.
Subscription receivables
The balance represented the outstanding subscription consideration for the ordinary shares of the Company. They are recognized as deduction of equity in accordance with SAB Topic 4:E.
Non-controlling interests
As of March 31, 2024, the Company’s non-controlling interest represented 20% equity interest of Choliya. During the six months ended September 30, 2024, Ms. Wong acquired 20% of equity interest from the non-controlling shareholder and in turn Pilate acquired 20% of equity interest in Choliya from Ms. Wong. As a result, Choliya becomes a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company accordingly. Such transaction is accounted for as an equity transaction with no gain or loss recognized under ASC 810-10-45-23.
Dividends
On March 31, 2024, the board of directors of Pilate and Dream International have declared non-cash dividends of HK$4,737,472 (US$605,358) and HK$700,918 (US$89,564), respectively, to the sole shareholder, Ms. Wong, of Pilate and Dream International registered on the date of declaration to offset receivable balances owed by Ms. Wong to the Company. Management directly reduced the receivable asset account “amount due from a director” and increased the balance for “accumulated losses” in the amount corresponding to the non-cash dividends; the direct reduction of assets and equity had no effect on the Group’s result of operations or cash flows for the year ended March 31, 2024. No other consideration was included in this non-cash dividend between the Company and Ms. Wong.
12. DISAGGREGATED REVENUES
Revenues disaggregated by revenues by major categories and timing of revenue recognition for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 are disclosed in the table below:
|
Six months ended |
||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
Over time: |
||||
|
– Beauty, wellness and postpartum service |
2,905,920 |
2,597,782 |
||
|
Point in time: |
||||
|
– Sales of products |
52,588 |
43,721 |
||
|
Total |
2,958,508 |
2,641,503 |
||
13. TAXES
Income tax
BVI
Charming Medical and BeautyLab Group are incorporated in the BVI and are not subject to tax on income or capital gains under current BVI law. In addition, upon payments of dividends by these entities to their shareholders, no BVI withholding tax will be imposed.
F-28
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
13. TAXES (cont.)
Hong Kong
My Beauty, Pilate, Dream International and Choliya are incorporated in Hong Kong and are subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax on the taxable income as reported in its statutory financial statements adjusted in accordance with relevant Hong Kong tax laws. The applicable tax rate is 16.5% in Hong Kong. From year of assessment of 2019/2020 onwards, Hong Kong profits tax rates are 8.25% on assessable profits up to HK$2,000,000 (approximately US$255,562, and 16.5% on any part of assessable profits over HK$2,000,000 (approximately US$255,562). Under Hong Kong tax law, the above-mentioned Hong Kong company is exempted from income tax on its foreign-derived income and there are no withholding taxes in Hong Kong on remittance of dividends.
For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company generated substantially all of its taxable income in Hong Kong. The tax expenses recorded in the Company’s result of operations are almost entirely attributable to income earned in Hong Kong. Should the Company’s operations expand or change in the future, where the Company generates taxable income in other jurisdictions, the Company’s effective tax rates may substantially change.
Taxation in the statements of income represents:
|
For the six months ended |
||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
Hong Kong profits tax provision for the period: |
||||
|
Current |
49,618 |
29,939 |
||
|
Deferred |
39,483 |
36,349 |
||
|
Income tax expenses |
89,101 |
66,288 |
||
A reconciliation of the provision for income taxes determined at the Hong Kong statutory income tax rate to the Company’s effective income tax rate is as follows:
|
Six months ended |
||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||
|
% |
% |
|||||
|
Effect of tax exempted entities in BVI |
3.8 |
% |
— |
% |
||
|
Hong Kong tax rate |
16.5 |
% |
16.5 |
% |
||
|
Non-taxable income |
(1.0 |
)% |
(0.5 |
)% |
||
|
Nondeductible expenses |
0.5 |
% |
0.1 |
% |
||
|
Tax concession (Note 1) |
(3.8 |
)% |
(1.2 |
)% |
||
|
Effective tax rate |
16.0 |
% |
14.9 |
% |
||
____________
Note 1: The tax concession by the election by the Company for profits tax rate at 8.25% on the first HK$2,000,000 under the two-tiered profits tax regime as above mentioned.
F-29
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
13. TAXES (cont.)
Deferred tax
The following table sets forth the significant components of the deferred tax assets of the Company:
|
As of |
As of |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
Deferred tax assets: |
|
|
||||
|
Difference in depreciation basis for property and equipment |
|
|
||||
|
Opening balances |
44,178 |
|
14,929 |
|
||
|
Addition |
9,811 |
|
30,436 |
|
||
|
Utilized during the period/year |
(11,409 |
) |
(1,227 |
) |
||
|
Exchange realignment |
1,254 |
|
40 |
|
||
|
Ending balances |
43,834 |
|
44,178 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
Net operating losses |
|
|
||||
|
Opening balances |
166,966 |
|
257,845 |
|
||
|
Addition |
— |
|
8,638 |
|
||
|
Utilized during the period/year |
(37,885 |
) |
(100,324 |
) |
||
|
Exchange realignment |
1,026 |
|
807 |
|
||
|
Ending balances |
130,107 |
|
166,966 |
|
||
|
Total ending balances |
173,941 |
|
211,144 |
|
||
|
Less: valuation allowance |
— |
|
— |
|
||
|
Deferred tax assets, net |
173,941 |
|
211,144 |
|
||
The Company did not recognize any valuation allowance against its deferred tax asset as management believes the Company will be able to fully utilize the assets in the foreseeable future. For Hong Kong company who has net operating losses incurred in an accounting year, the losses can be carried forward indefinitely to offset future profits generated from the business.
14. RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
Credit risk
The Company’s assets that are potentially subject to a significant concentration of credit risk primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable.
Bank balances
The Company believes that there is no significant credit risk associated with cash in Hong Kong, which were held by reputable financial institutions in the jurisdiction where the Company and its subsidiaries are located. The Hong Kong Deposit Protection Board pays compensation up to a limit of approximately US$64,356 if the bank with which an individual/a company hold its eligible deposit fails. As of September 30, 2024, cash balance of US$2,689,949 was maintained at financial institutions in Hong Kong and approximately US$389,910 was insured by the Hong Kong Deposit Protection Board.
Accounts receivable
The Company has designed credit policies with an objective to minimize their exposure to credit risk. The Company’s accounts receivable are short term in nature and the associated risk is minimal. The Company conducts credit evaluations on customers and generally do not require collateral or other securities from such customers. The Company periodically evaluates the creditworthiness of the existing customers in determining an allowance for expected credit
F-30
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
14. RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES (cont.)
losses primarily based upon the aging of the receivable, the client’s payment history, its current creditworthiness, current economic trends and future expectations and customer specific quantitative and qualitative factors that may affect our customers’ ability to pay. Since all accounts receivable as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 are aged within one year, minimum credit risk was noted for accounts receivable.
Customer concentration risk
For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, no customer accounts for more than 10% of our total revenue, respectively.
As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, no customer accounts for more than 10% of the total balance of accounts receivable.
Interest rate risk
The Company is exposed to cash flow interest rate risk through the changes in interest rates related mainly to the Company’s bank borrowings and cash and cash equivalents. The Company currently does not have any interest rate hedging policy in relation to fair value interest rate risk and cash flow interest rate risk. The directors monitor the Company’s exposures on an ongoing basis and will consider hedging the interest rate should the need arises.
Foreign currency risk
The reporting currency of the Company is US$. To date the majority of the revenues and costs are denominated in HK$ and a significant portion of the assets and liabilities are denominated in HK$. There was no significant exposure to foreign exchange rate fluctuations and the Company has not maintained any hedging policy against foreign currency risk. The management will consider hedging significant currency exposure should the need arise.
Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset. The Company’s approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Company’s reputation.
Typically, the Company ensures that it has sufficient cash on demand to meet expected operational expenses for a period of twelve months, including through operations and financial support from our Controlling Shareholder, financial institutions, and investors. We are continuing to focus on improving operational efficiency and cost reductions and enhancing efficiency, as well as servicing of financial obligations: this excludes the potential impact of extreme circumstances that cannot reasonably be predicted, such as natural disasters. Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon obtaining the necessary financing or negotiating the terms of the existing short-term liabilities to meet our current and future liquidity needs.
15. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Lease Commitments
We entered into operating leases for corporate offices in Hong Kong for terms of ranging from 2 to 3 years and a finance lease for an equipment for terms of 36 months. Our commitments for minimum lease payment under these operating lease and finance lease obligations as of September 30, 2024 are listed in section “Note 9 — RIGHT-OF-USE ASSETS AND LEASE LIABILITIES”.
F-31
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
15. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (cont.)
Litigation
From time to time, we are involved in claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. Based on currently available information, we do not believe that the ultimate outcome of any unresolved matters, individually and in the aggregate, is reasonably possible to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties and our view of these matters may change in the future. We record a liability when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. We review the need for any such liabilities on a regular basis.
16. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company evaluated all events and transactions that occurred after September 30, 2024 up through April 28, 2025, which is the date that these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements are available to be issued, there were no other any material subsequent events that require disclosure in these consolidated financial statements other than disclosed below.
Subsequent to September 30, 2024, the Company completed the Reorganization as detailed in Note 1.
17. PARENT ONLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The following presents condensed parent company only financial information of Charming Medical Limited.
Condensed balance sheets
|
As of |
As of |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
(Unaudited) |
(Audited) |
|||
|
ASSETS |
||||
|
Current Assets: |
||||
|
Amount due from subsidiaries |
267,949 |
— |
||
|
Total current assets |
267,949 |
— |
||
|
Non-current assets: |
||||
|
Investment in a subsidiary |
500 |
500 |
||
|
Deferred offering cost |
372,309 |
26,834 |
||
|
Total non-current assets |
372,809 |
27,334 |
||
|
Total assets |
640,758 |
27,334 |
||
|
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT |
||||
|
Current liabilities: |
||||
|
Accruals |
160,000 |
276,834 |
||
|
Amount due to shareholders |
858,847 |
— |
||
|
Amount due to a subsidiary |
— |
500 |
||
|
Total current liabilities |
1,018,847 |
277,334 |
||
|
Total Liabilities |
1,018,847 |
277,334 |
F-32
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
17. PARENT ONLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (cont.)
|
As of |
As of |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
(Unaudited) |
(Audited) |
|||||
|
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15) |
|
|
||||
|
Shareholders’ deficit |
|
|
||||
|
Class B Ordinary shares, US$0.0001 par value, 15,000,000 shares authorized, and 2,000,000 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 respectively* |
200 |
|
200 |
|
||
|
Class A Ordinary shares, US$0.0001 par value, 60,000,000 shares authorized, and 13,338,000 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively* |
1,334 |
|
1,334 |
|
||
|
Subscription receivables |
(1,534 |
) |
(1,534 |
) |
||
|
Accumulated losses |
(378,089 |
) |
(250,000 |
) |
||
|
Total shareholders’ deficit |
(378,089 |
) |
(250,000 |
) |
||
|
Total liabilities and shareholders’ deficit |
640,758 |
|
27,334 |
|
||
____________
* The shares and per share data are presented on a retroactive basis to reflect the reorganization (Notes 1 and 11).
Condensed statements of loss
|
For the six months ended |
|||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
||||
|
Operating expenses |
|
||||
|
Professional expenses |
(128,089 |
) |
— |
||
|
Loss before income tax expense |
(128,089 |
) |
— |
||
|
|
|||||
|
Income tax expense |
— |
|
— |
||
|
Net loss |
(128,089 |
) |
— |
||
(i) Basis of presentation
The Company was incorporated under the laws of the British Virgin Islands as an exempted company with limited liability on February 28, 2024 and as a holding company.
On May 6, 2024, Beautylab was incorporated in the British Virgin Islands as a limited liability company. On May 6, 2024, 50,000 share was allotted and issued to the Company, following which Beautylab is wholly-owned by the Company. The investment in subsidiary stated at cost of investment in Beautylab.
My Beauty, Dream International, Pilate and Choliya (collectively “Hong Kong Subsidiaries”), incorporated in Hong Kong with limited liability on July 14, 2016, March 14, 2017, September 19, 2019 and March 7, 2021, respectively, are operating entities in Hong Kong, are directly or indirectly owned by Beautylab.
The condensed parent company financial information of the Company has been prepared using the same accounting policies as set out in the accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.
The condensed parent-company-only financial statements are presented as if the incorporation of the Company and its subsidiaries had taken place on April 1, 2022.
F-33
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
17. PARENT ONLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (cont.)
In the condensed parent-company-only financial statements, the Company’s investment in Beautylab is stated at cost included in condensed balance sheets. These condensed parent-company-only financial statements should be read in connection with the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto.
No statements of cash flows have been presented as the Company has no cash transaction and no cash flows between the Company and its operating subsidiaries for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
(ii) Restricted Net Assets
Schedule I of Rule 5-04 of Regulation S-X requires the condensed financial information of registrant shall be filed when the restricted net assets of consolidated subsidiaries exceed 25 percent of consolidated net assets as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal year. For purposes of the above test, restricted net assets of consolidated subsidiaries shall mean that amount of the registrant’s proportionate share of net assets of consolidated subsidiaries (after intercompany eliminations) which as of the end of the most recent fiscal year may not be transferred to the parent company by subsidiaries in the form of loans, advances or cash dividends without the consent of a third party (i.e., lender, regulatory agency, foreign government, etc.).
The condensed parent company financial statements have to be prepared in accordance with Rule 12-04, Schedule I of Regulation S-X if the restricted net assets of the subsidiaries of Charming Medical Limited exceed 25% of the consolidated net assets of Charming Medical Limited. Whilst the restricted net assets of the subsidiaries of Charming Medical Limited does not exceed 25% of the consolidated net assets of Charming Medical Limited, the above condensed parent company only financial information of Charming Medical Limited is presented for the supplementary reference.
As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, there were no material contingencies, significant provisions of long-term obligations, mandatory dividend or redemption requirements of redeemable stocks or guarantees of the Company, except for those which have been separately disclosed in the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements, if any.
F-34

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To: The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Charming Medical Limited
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Charming Medical Limited and its subsidiaries (collectively the “Company”) as of March 31, 2024 and 2023 and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ deficit, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended March 31, 2024, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended March 31, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Substantial Doubt about the Company’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements, the Company had a working capital deficit as of March 31, 2024 and 2023 which raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plan in regard to this matter is described in Note 2. These financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on our financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ WWC, P.C.
WWC, P.C.
Certified Public Accountants
PCAOB ID: 1171
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2024.
San Mateo, California
November 21, 2024

F-35
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
AS OF MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023
|
As of March 31, |
||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
ASSETS |
|
|
||||
|
Current assets: |
|
|
||||
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
2,103,655 |
|
1,929,192 |
|
||
|
Accounts receivable, net |
351,614 |
|
186,638 |
|
||
|
Deposits, prepayments and other receivables, net |
298,951 |
|
120,536 |
|
||
|
Inventories, net |
28,151 |
|
66,332 |
|
||
|
Amount due from a director |
885,056 |
|
1,817,177 |
|
||
|
Total current assets |
3,667,427 |
|
4,119,875 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
Non-current assets: |
|
|
||||
|
Property and equipment, net |
469,526 |
|
648,612 |
|
||
|
Right-of-use assets, net |
452,335 |
|
1,149,224 |
|
||
|
Deposits and prepayments |
54,604 |
|
193,753 |
|
||
|
Deferred tax asset, net |
211,144 |
|
272,774 |
|
||
|
Deferred offering costs |
26,834 |
|
— |
|
||
|
Total non-current assets |
1,214,443 |
|
2,264,363 |
|
||
|
TOTAL ASSETS |
4,881,870 |
|
6,384,238 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT |
|
|
||||
|
Current liabilities: |
|
|
||||
|
Trade payables, accruals and other payables |
451,150 |
|
240,875 |
|
||
|
Contract liabilities |
4,496,155 |
|
5,602,672 |
|
||
|
Bank borrowings |
442,612 |
|
589,659 |
|
||
|
Operating lease liabilities |
356,081 |
|
735,597 |
|
||
|
Finance lease liabilities |
14,436 |
|
— |
|
||
|
Tax payables |
119,254 |
|
— |
|
||
|
Total current liabilities |
5,879,688 |
|
7,168,803 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
Non-current liabilities: |
|
|
||||
|
Operating lease liabilities |
129,662 |
|
484,258 |
|
||
|
Finance lease liabilities |
18,588 |
|
— |
|
||
|
Total non-current liabilities |
148,250 |
|
484,258 |
|
||
|
TOTAL LIABILITIES |
6,027,938 |
|
7,653,061 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15) |
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|||||
|
Shareholders’ deficit |
|
|
||||
|
Class B Ordinary shares, US$0.0001 par value, 15,000,000 shares authorized, and 2,000,000 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, |
200 |
|
200 |
|
||
|
Class A Ordinary shares, US$0.0001 par value, 60,000,000 shares authorized, and 13,338,000 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively* |
1,334 |
|
1,334 |
|
||
|
Additional paid-in capital |
379,509 |
|
379,509 |
|
||
|
Subscription receivables |
(381,043 |
) |
(381,043 |
) |
||
|
Accumulated losses |
(1,079,644 |
) |
(1,162,533 |
) |
||
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
205 |
|
3,923 |
|
||
|
Total deficit attributable to owners of the Company |
(1,079,439 |
) |
(1,158,610 |
) |
||
|
Non-controlling interests |
(66,629 |
) |
(110,213 |
) |
||
|
Total shareholders’ deficit |
(1,146,068 |
) |
(1,268,823 |
) |
||
|
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT |
4,881,870 |
|
6,384,238 |
|
||
____________
* The shares and per share data are presented on a retroactive basis to reflect the reorganization (Notes 1 and 11).
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-36
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023
|
Years ended |
||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
REVENUES |
|
|
||||
|
Beauty, wellness and postpartum services |
5,813,814 |
|
3,451,955 |
|
||
|
Sales of products |
88,992 |
|
78,867 |
|
||
|
Consultancy services |
112,569 |
|
— |
|
||
|
TOTAL REVENUES |
6,015,375 |
|
3,530,822 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
OPERATING COST AND EXPENSES |
|
|
||||
|
Cost of sales of products |
11,294 |
|
17,355 |
|
||
|
Advertising and promotion expenses |
859,473 |
|
664,882 |
|
||
|
Staff costs and employee benefits |
1,930,900 |
|
1,989,518 |
|
||
|
Rental and building management expenses |
848,691 |
|
647,617 |
|
||
|
Professional expenses |
260,224 |
|
9,440 |
|
||
|
Depreciation |
391,704 |
|
211,078 |
|
||
|
Bank charges |
163,710 |
|
142,311 |
|
||
|
Consumables |
159,195 |
|
30,067 |
|
||
|
Other general and administrative expenses |
381,336 |
|
339,890 |
|
||
|
TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSES |
5,006,527 |
|
4,052,158 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS |
1,008,848 |
|
(521,336 |
) |
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE) |
|
|
||||
|
Interest income |
19,513 |
|
10,288 |
|
||
|
Interest expense |
(26,051 |
) |
(20,259 |
) |
||
|
Government subsidies |
1,398 |
|
91,527 |
|
||
|
Other (expense) income |
(214 |
) |
19,312 |
|
||
|
TOTAL OTHER (EXPENSE) INCOME, NET |
(5,354 |
) |
100,868 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAX |
1,003,494 |
|
(420,468 |
) |
||
|
INCOME TAX EXPENSES (CREDIT) |
181,751 |
|
(84,863 |
) |
||
|
NET INCOME (LOSS) |
821,743 |
|
(335,605 |
) |
||
|
Less: net (loss) income attributable to non-controlling interests |
(43,932 |
) |
30,488 |
|
||
|
Net income (loss) attributable to the shareholders of the Company |
777,811 |
|
(305,117 |
) |
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME |
|
|
||||
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment, attributable to |
|
|
||||
|
The shareholders of the Company |
(3,718 |
) |
2,314 |
|
||
|
Non-controlling interests |
(348 |
) |
221 |
|
||
|
TOTAL OTHER COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME |
(4,066 |
) |
2,535 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) |
817,677 |
|
(333,070 |
) |
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE |
|
|
||||
|
Basic and diluted* |
0.05 |
|
(0.02 |
) |
||
|
WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF ORDINARY SHARES |
|
|
||||
|
Basic and diluted* |
15,338,000 |
|
15,338,000 |
|
||
____________
* The shares and per share data are presented on a retroactive basis to reflect the reorganization (Notes 1 and 11).
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-37
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
FOR THE YEARS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023
|
|
Additional |
Subscription |
Accumulated |
Accumulated |
Total deficit |
Non- |
Total |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Class A |
Amount |
Class B |
Amount |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
US$ |
US$ |
US$ |
US$ |
US$ |
US$ |
US$ |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
BALANCE, April 1, 2022 |
13,338,000 |
1,334 |
2,000,000 |
200 |
379,509 |
(381,043 |
) |
(857,416 |
) |
1,609 |
|
(855,807 |
) |
(79,946 |
) |
(935,753 |
) |
|||||||||||
|
Net loss |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
(305,117 |
) |
— |
|
(305,117 |
) |
(30,488 |
) |
(335,605 |
) |
|||||||||||
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
— |
|
2,314 |
|
2,314 |
|
221 |
|
2,535 |
|
|||||||||||
|
BALANCE, March 31, 2023 |
13,338,000 |
1,334 |
2,000,000 |
200 |
379,509 |
(381,043 |
) |
(1,162,533 |
) |
3,923 |
|
(1,158,610 |
) |
(110,213 |
) |
(1,268,823 |
) |
|||||||||||
|
Net income |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
777,811 |
|
— |
|
777,811 |
|
43,932 |
|
821,743 |
|
|||||||||||
|
Dividends declared |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
(694,922 |
) |
— |
|
(694,922 |
) |
— |
|
(694,922 |
) |
|||||||||||
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
— |
|
(3,718 |
) |
(3,718 |
) |
(348 |
) |
(4,066 |
) |
|||||||||||
|
BALANCE, March 31, 2024 |
13,338,000 |
1,334 |
2,000,000 |
200 |
379,509 |
(381,043 |
) |
(1,079,644 |
) |
205 |
|
(1,079,439 |
) |
(66,629 |
) |
(1,146,068 |
) |
|||||||||||
____________
* The shares and per share data are presented on a retroactive basis to reflect the reorganization (Notes 1 and 11).
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-38
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023
|
Years ended |
||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
||||
|
Net income (loss) |
821,743 |
|
(335,605 |
) |
||
|
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities |
|
|
||||
|
Depreciation |
391,704 |
|
211,078 |
|
||
|
Non-cash portion of operating lease expenses |
(37,446 |
) |
60,898 |
|
||
|
Changes in operating assets and liabilities |
|
|
||||
|
Accounts receivable |
(164,976 |
) |
(154,018 |
) |
||
|
Deposits, other receivables and prepayments |
(39,266 |
) |
(113,831 |
) |
||
|
Inventories |
38,181 |
|
(55,873 |
) |
||
|
Deferred tax assets |
62,477 |
|
(84,863 |
) |
||
|
Accounts payables, accruals and other payables |
210,275 |
|
180,403 |
|
||
|
Contract liabilities |
(1,106,517 |
) |
2,725,614 |
|
||
|
Tax payables |
119,254 |
|
— |
|
||
|
Net cash generated from operating activities |
295,429 |
|
2,433,803 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITY: |
|
|
||||
|
Purchase of property and equipment |
(210,598 |
) |
(606,194 |
) |
||
|
Net cash used in investing activity |
(210,598 |
) |
(606,194 |
) |
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
||||
|
Proceeds from finance lease |
38,341 |
|
— |
|
||
|
Repayment for finance leases |
(5,311 |
) |
— |
|
||
|
Repayment for bank borrowings |
(148,881 |
) |
(177,919 |
) |
||
|
Deferred offering costs |
(26,834 |
) |
— |
|
||
|
Repayment from a director |
1,536,906 |
|
592,239 |
|
||
|
Advance to a director |
(1,294,076 |
) |
(1,844,598 |
) |
||
|
Net cash generated from (used in) financing activities |
100,145 |
|
(1,430,278 |
) |
||
|
NET CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
184,976 |
|
397,331 |
|
||
|
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE YEAR |
1,929,192 |
|
1,526,204 |
|
||
|
NET FOREIGN EXCHANGE DIFFERENCES |
(10,513 |
) |
5,657 |
|
||
|
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE END OF THE YEAR |
2,103,655 |
|
1,929,192 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
SUPPLEMENTARY CASH FLOW INFORMATION: |
|
|
||||
|
Interest received |
19,513 |
|
10,288 |
|
||
|
Interest paid |
(26,051 |
) |
(20,259 |
) |
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
NON-CASH FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
||||
|
Initial recognition of lease obligations related to right-of-use assets |
— |
|
1,038,103 |
|
||
|
Dividend declared to offset with amount due from a director |
694,922 |
|
— |
|
||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-39
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
Business
Charming Medical Limited (the “Company” or “Charming”) is a holding company with limited liability incorporated as an exempted company under the laws of British Virgin Islands (“BVI”) on February 28, 2024. The Company’s registered office is located at Unit 8, 3/F., Qwomar Trading Complex, Blackburne Road, Port Purcell, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands, VG1110 and its principal place of business situated at Suite 1803-06, 18/F., Hang Lung Centre, 2-20 Paterson Street, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong.
The Company through its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the “Company” or “Group”) principally engage in the provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum services in Hong Kong with a focus on utilizing traditional Chinese medicines approaches in addressing women’s health issues. The Company provides various of beauty, wellness and postpartum services include but are not limited to womb-warming therapy, BTS (Beauty, Tailor-made, Slim) pelvic detox therapy, agarwood moxibustion treatment, traditional Chinese medicine-inspired prenatal massage, and Indonesian traditional abdominal binding, sales of traditional Chinese medicines health products and consultancy services. The business was founded by Ms. Wong Kit (“Ms. Wong”) in Hong Kong on July 14, 2016.
Organization and reorganization
The Company was incorporated under the laws of the British Virgin Islands as a limited company on February 28, 2024 and as a holding company. As at the date of its incorporation, the authorized share capital of the Company was US$7,500 divided into 50,000 ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.15 each. The Company allotted and issued 8,892 ordinary shares to Ms. Wong Kit by cash at the incorporation date.
Beautylab Group Medical Limited (“Beautylab”), a BVI company incorporated by the Company in the BVI on May 6, 2024, is the immediate holding company of the directly wholly-owned subsidiaries of My Beauty Technology Limited (“My Beauty”), Dream International Trading (Hong Kong) Limited (“Dream International”) and Pilate International Trading Limited (“Pilate”), and indirectly 80%-owned subsidiary of Choliya Limited (“Choliya”), in which the immediate holding company is Pilate and an independent third party, after the group reorganization (the “Group Reorganization”) (see below). On June 18, 2024, Ms. Wong acquired 20% of equity interest from the non-controlling shareholder and in turn Pilate acquired 20% of equity interest in Choliya from Ms. Wong on September 16, 2024. As a result, Choliya becomes a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company from September 16, 2024.
Pilate, Dream International, My Beauty and Choliya (collectively “Hong Kong Subsidiaries”), limited liability incorporated in Hong Kong on July 14, 2016, March 14, 2017, September 19, 2019 and March 7, 2021, respectively, by Ms. Wong, with issued ordinary shares of 10,000 shares prior to Group Reorganization, are operating entities in Hong Kong.
Pursuant to a Group Reorganization, to rationalize the structure of the Company and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Group”) in preparation for the listing of the Company’s Class A ordinary shares, the Company became the holding company of the Group on September 16, 2024, which involved (i) the incorporation of the Company on February 28, 2024 and allotment of 8,892 ordinary shares to Ms. Wong, the Controlling Shareholder, at par value of US$0.15; (ii) incorporation of Beautylab Group Medical Limited (“Beautylab) on May 6, 2024 by the Company; (iii) on September 10, 2024, the allotment of 990,000 ordinary shares of each of Pilate, Dream International and My Beauty to Beautylab resulting in 99% and 1% of equity interest being held by Beautylab and Ms. Wong, respectively; (iv) the transfer of 10,000 ordinary shares of each of Pilate, Dream International and My Beauty from Ms. Wong to Beautylab at par value on September 16, 2024; (iv) a share transfer of an aggregate 1,725 ordinary shares (representing 19.4% of total issued ordinary shares as of the date of the transfer) of the Company being held by Ms. Wong to five independent individuals, at an aggregate consideration of US$194,000 by cash on September 19, 2024, with each individual holding less than 5% of shareholding in the Company.
On October 18, 2024, the shareholders of the Company approved the reclassification of the currently authorized single class of ordinary shares into two classes which are divided into 60,000,000 Class A ordinary shares, with a par value of $0.0001 each and 15,000,000 Class B ordinary shares, with a par value of $0.0001 each. The shareholding of
F-40
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW (cont.)
the original one class ordinary share 13,338,000 in the Company was transferred to Class A ordinary shares and the proportion of their shareholdings in the Company being held by Ms. Wong and each individual shareholder remains unchanged.
On November 1, 2024, an aggregate 2,000,000 Class B ordinary shares were allotted to Ms. Wong, the Controlling Shareholder at a cash consideration of par value of $0.0001 per share.
After the Group Reorganization and above transactions as of November 1, 2024, the Company, together with its subsidiaries, are effectively controlled by the same Controlling Shareholder, Ms. Wong, i.e., ultimately held as to 100.0% and 77.60% in terms of equity interest in the Company and 100.0% and 94.40% in terms of voting rights in the Company by the Controlling Shareholder before and after the Group Reorganization, respectively, and therefore the Group Reorganization is considered as a recapitalization of entities under common control.
The consolidation of the Company and its subsidiaries has been accounted for at historical cost. No amount is recognized in respect of goodwill or excess of acquirer’s interest in the net fair value of acquiree’s identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities over cost at the time of reorganization under common control. The consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity and consolidated statements of cash flows are prepared as if the current Group structure had been in existence throughout the two-year period ended March 31, 2024, or since the respective dates of incorporation/establishment of the relevant entity, where this is a shorter period. The consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2024 and 2023 present the assets and liabilities of the companies now comprising the Group which had been incorporated/established as at the relevant balance sheet date as if the current group structure had been in existence at those dates.
Upon the Group Reorganization and as at the date of this report, details of the subsidiaries company are as follows:
|
Name |
Background |
Ownership |
Principal activities |
|||
|
Beautylab Group Medical Limited (“Beautylab”) |
— A BVI company — Incorporated on May 6, 2024 — Issued share capital of US$500 |
Wholly-owned by the Company |
Investment holding |
|||
|
My Beauty Technology Limited (“My Beauty”) |
— A Hong Kong company — Incorporated on September 19, 2019 — Issued share capital of HK$1,000,000 |
Wholly-owned by Beautylab |
Provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum service and sales of products |
|||
|
Pilate International Trading Limited (“Pilate”) |
— A Hong Kong company — Incorporated on July 14, 2016 — Issued share capital of HK$1,000,000 |
Wholly-owned by Beautylab |
Provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum service and sales of products |
|||
|
Dream International Trading (Hong Kong) Limited (“Dream International”) |
— A Hong Kong company — Incorporated on March 14, 2017 — Issued share capital of HK$1,000,000 |
Wholly-owned by Beautylab |
Provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum service and sales of products |
|||
|
Choliya Limited (“Choliya”) |
— A Hong Kong company — Incorporated on March 7, 2021 — Issued share capital of HK$10,000 |
Wholly-owned by Pilate |
Provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum service, sales of products and consultancy services |
F-41
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES
Basis of preparation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for information pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Principles of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. A subsidiary is an entity (including a structured entity), directly or indirectly, controlled by the Company. The financial statements of the subsidiaries are prepared for the same reporting period as the Company, using consistent accounting policies. All significant assets and liabilities, equity, income, expenses and cash flows relating to transactions between members of the Group are eliminated in consolidation.
Foreign currency translation and transaction
The Group uses United States Dollar (“$” or “US$”) as its reporting currency. The functional currency of the Company and its subsidiary incorporated in the BVI is US$ and the functional currency of its Hong Kong subsidiaries is Hong Kong Dollar (“HK$”). The determination of the respective functional currency is based on the criteria of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 830, “Foreign Currency Matters”.
In the consolidated financial statements of the Company, transactions in currencies other than the functional currency are measured and recorded in the functional currencies using the exchange rate in effect at the dates of the transactions. At the balance sheet date, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currencies are translated into the functional currencies using the exchange rate at the balance sheet date. All gains and losses arising from foreign currency transactions are recorded in the statements of operations and comprehensive income during the year in which they occur.
|
Years ended March 31, |
||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||
|
Average rate |
7.8246 |
7.8389 |
||
|
As of March 31, |
||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||
|
Year-end spot rate |
7.8259 |
7.8499 |
||
Use of estimates and assumptions
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities as at the date of the consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting years. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making the judgements about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the consolidated financial statements include allowance for expected credit losses, the useful lives of property and equipment, impairment assessment of long-lived assets and interest rate of lease and provision for income taxes and valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Recently adopted accounting pronouncements
In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). The new accounting standard introduced the current expected credit losses methodology (“CECL”) for estimating allowances for credit
F-42
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
losses. The measurement of expected credit losses under the CECL methodology is applicable to financial assets measured at amortized costs, including loans and trade receivables. ASU 2016-13 is effective for the Company, as an Emerging Growth Company (“EGC”), for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022. The Group adopted the standard on April 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective method for all financial assets in scope. The adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated statements of operations, or consolidated statements of cash flows.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents represent cash in bank and are unrestricted as to withdrawal or use. The Group does not have any cash equivalents as of March 31, 2024 and 2023. The Group maintains all bank accounts in Hong Kong. As of March, 2024 and 2023, the Company has HKD time deposits of HK$6,000,000 (US$766,685) and Nil in which the maturity date is less than three months, respectively. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, cash balance of US$2,103,655 and US$1,929,192 was maintained at banks in Hong Kong, which were also not FDIC insured. However, management believes that it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents.
Accounts receivable, net
Accounts receivable mainly represent amounts due from financial institutions in which customers settled the payment by credit cards for purchase of services of beauty, wellness and postpartum, and the accounts receivable derived from consultancy services, which are all recorded net of allowance for the Group’s expected credit losses. Credit card transactions are typically settled within two days. However, if customers opt for installment payments, settlement periods range from 30 to 60 days. The installment payments arrangement is strict between the customer and the credit card issuer and does not involve the Company. Regardless of the installment terms agreed upon by the customer, the full transaction amount is remitted to the Company in a lump sum — within 30 days for American Express and 60 days for other credit cards, including UnionPay, Visa, and MasterCard — after the customer has authorized the payment. For consultancy services, the Group generally grants credit terms of 90 days to the customers.
In evaluating the collectability of accounts receivable balances, the Company considers specific evidence including aging of the receivable, the client’s payment history, its current creditworthiness, current economic trends and future expectations and customer specific quantitative and qualitative factors that may affect our customers’ ability to pay. The Group regularly reviews the adequacy and appropriateness of the allowance for expected credit losses. Accounts receivables are written off after all collection efforts have ceased. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, no allowance for expected credit losses was recognized as there were no experiences on default from customers or failure of transfer from credit card center after payment authorization was made by customers and all outstanding accounts receivable as of March 31, 2024 and 2023 were subsequently settled before the report date.
Deposits, prepayments and other receivables, net
Deposits, prepayments and other receivables consist of utility and rental deposits paid, prepaid rent and cash prepaid to suppliers for software of maintaining services and client records. Deposits paid, prepaid rent and cash prepaid to suppliers are classified as either current or non-current based on the terms of the respective agreements. These advances are unsecured and reviewed periodically to determine whether their carrying value has become impaired. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the management believes that the Group’s deposits, prepayments and other receivables are not impaired.
Inventories, net
Inventories are comprised of traditional Chinese medicines health products, such as Yin-nourishing pill, Ginseng soothing anti-allergy moisturizing wash, Beauty Lab home herbal uterine care patch etc., which are produced using the Company’s patented technology and branded “Beauty Lab” with the company’s logo, intended for resale, and we value inventories using the lower of cost, on a weighted average basis, and net realizable value, which is generally based on the selling price expectations of the products. Cost of inventories sold is charged to cost of sales of products, which also includes inbound freight cost. Adjustments are recorded to write down the cost of inventories to the estimated net
F-43
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
realizable value for slow-moving products and damaged goods, which are dependent upon factors such as historical and forecasted consumer demand, and other market conditions. The Company takes ownership, risks and rewards of its inventories, and has sole discretion in establishing prices for goods to be sold. Write downs are recorded in cost of sales of products in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, no obsolescent goods were noted.
Property and equipment, net
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and any impairment losses. The cost of an asset comprises its purchase price and any directly attributable costs of bringing the asset to its present working condition and location for its intended use. Major renewals, betterments, and improvements are capitalized to the asset accounts while replacements, maintenance, and repairs, which do not improve or extend the lives of the respective assets, are expensed to statements of operations. At the time when property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the asset and related accumulated depreciation or amortization accounts are relieved of the applicable amounts. Gains or losses from retirements or sales are credited or charged to statements of operations.
Depreciation is computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. The estimated useful lives for significant property and equipment are as follows:
|
Leasehold improvement |
Over the shorter of the lease term or estimated useful life |
|
|
Furniture and fixture |
5 years |
|
|
Machinery and equipment |
3 to 5 years |
|
|
Motor vehicle |
5 years |
The Company also re-evaluates the periods of depreciation to determine whether subsequent events and circumstances warrant revised estimates of useful lives.
Impairment for long-lived assets
Long-lived assets, representing property and equipment with finite lives, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances (such as a significant adverse change to market conditions that will impact the future use of the assets) indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. In evaluating long-lived assets for recoverability, the Company uses its best estimate of future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and eventual disposition in accordance with FASB ASC 360-10-15. To the extent that estimated future, undiscounted cash inflows attributable to the asset, less estimated future, undiscounted cash outflows, are less than the carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the difference between the carrying value of such asset and its fair value. Assets to be disposed of and for which there is a committed plan of disposal, whether through sale or abandonment, are reported at the lower of carrying value or fair value less costs to sell. If an impairment is identified, The Company would reduce the carrying amount of the asset to its estimated fair value based on a discounted cash flows approach or, when available and appropriate, to comparable market values. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, no impairment of long-lived assets was recognized.
Lease
The Company utilizes ASC 842 to account for leases for all periods presented. ASC 842 supersedes the lease requirements in ASC 840 “Leases”, and generally requires lessees to recognize operating and finance lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets on the balance sheet and to provide enhanced disclosures surrounding the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leasing arrangements.
Operating lease
We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. On our balance sheet, our corporate office leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (ROU) assets, current portion of operating lease liability and operating lease liability, net of current portion.
F-44
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term, reduced by lease incentives received, plus any initial direct costs, using the discount rate for the lease at the commencement date. If the implicit rate in lease is not readily determinable for our operating leases, we generally use the incremental borrowing rate based on the estimated rate of interest for collateralized borrowing over a similar term of the lease payments at commencement date. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We elected not to separate non-lease components from lease components; therefore, it will account for lease component and the non-lease components as a single lease component when there is only one vendor in the lease contract for the office leases. Lease payments are fixed.
Any lease with a term of 12 months or less is considered short-term. As permitted by ASC 842, short-term leases are excluded from the ROU assets and lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. Consistent with all other operating leases, short-term lease expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued a Q&A in March 2020 that focused on the application of lease guidance in ASC 842 for lease concessions related to the effects of COVID-19. The FASB staff has said that entities can elect to not evaluate whether concessions granted by lessors related to COVID-19 are lease modifications. Entities that make this election can then apply the lease modification guidance in ASC 842 or account for the concession as if it were contemplated as part of the existing contract. The Company has elected to not treat the concessions as lease modifications and will instead account for the lease concessions as if they were contemplated as part of the existing leases. The Company has recorded negative variable lease expense and adjusted lease liabilities at the point in which the rent concession has become accruable.
The Company evaluates the impairment of its right-of-use assets consistent with the approach applied for its other long-lived assets. The Company reviews the recoverability of its long-lived assets when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on its ability to recover the carrying value of the asset from the expected undiscounted future pre-tax cash flows of the related operations. The Company has elected to include the carrying amount of finance and operating lease liabilities in any tested asset group and include the associated lease payments in the undiscounted future pre-tax cash flows. For the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Group did not have any impairment loss against its operating lease right-of-use assets.
Finance lease
On our balance sheet, finance lease represented the lease of an equipment as of March 31, 2024. We classify a lease as a finance lease when the lease meets any of the following criteria at lease commencement:
• The lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to the lessee by the end of the lease term;
• The lease grants the lessee an option to purchase the underlying asset that the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise;
• The lease term is for the major part of the remaining economic life of the underlying asset;
• The present value of the sum of the lease payments and any residual value guaranteed by the lessee that is not already reflected in the lease payments in accordance with ASC 842 paragraph 842-10-30-5(f) equals or exceeds substantially all of the fair value of the underlying asset;
• The underlying asset is of such a specialized nature that it is expected to have no alternative use to the lessor at the end of the lease term.
Lease term includes rent holidays and options to extend or terminate the lease when we are reasonably certain that it will exercise that option. We do not recognize finance lease assets or lease liabilities for renewal periods unless it is determined that we are reasonably certain of renewing the lease at inception or when a triggering event occurs. The lease
F-45
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
assets for finance leases consist of the amount of the measurement of the lease liabilities and any prepaid lease payments. The interest and amortization expense of finance lease are presented separately. Interest expense is determined using the effective interest method. Amortization expense is recorded on a straight-line basis of the finance lease assets. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.
For finance leases, lease expense is recognized as depreciation and interest; depreciation on a straight-line basis over the lease term and interest using the effective interest method.
Deferred offering costs
The Company follows the requirements of the FASB ASC 340-10-S99-1 and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) Topic 5A — “Expenses of Offering”. Deferred offering costs consist of underwriting, legal and other expenses incurred through the balance sheet date that are directly related to the intended initial public offering (“IPO”). Deferred offering costs will be charged to shareholders’ equity netted against the proceeds upon the completion of the IPO. Should the IPO prove to be unsuccessful, these deferred offering costs, as well as additional expenses to be incurred, will be charged to statements of income. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the deferred offering costs were US$26,834 and Nil, respectively. Such costs will be deferred until the closing of the IPO, at which time the deferred costs will be offset against the offering proceeds and recognized in equity of the Company.
Accruals and other payables
Accruals and other payables primarily include accrued staff costs, accrued professional fee and other accrual and payable for the operation of the ordinary course of business.
Contract liabilities
Contract liabilities are recorded when consideration is received from a customer prior to transferring the services to the customer or other conditions under the terms of a service contract. These payments are non-refundable and are recognized as revenue when either our performance obligation is satisfied or expiry of subscription plan for the services. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded contract liabilities of US$4,496,155 and US$5,602,672, respectively, which was presented as contract liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Bank borrowings
Borrowings are initially recognized at fair value, net of upfront fees incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognized in statements of operations over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method. All bank borrowings were classified as short term due to repayment on demand clauses attached in the borrowings.
Fair value measurement
ASC 820 requires certain disclosures regarding the fair value of financial instruments. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 820 specifies a hierarchy of valuation techniques, which is based on whether the inputs used in the valuation technique are observable or unobservable. The hierarchy is as follows:
|
Level 1 — |
inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. |
|||
|
Level 2 — |
inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instruments. |
|||
|
Level 3 — |
inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value. |
F-46
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
Unless otherwise disclosed, the fair value of Company’s financial instruments including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, rental deposit, amounts due from a director, bank borrowings, other payables and lease liabilities approximate their recorded values due to their short-term maturities.
Non-controlling interests
Non-controlling interests in the Company’s subsidiaries are recorded in accordance with the provisions of ASC 810 and are reported as a component of equity, separate from the parent’s equity. Purchase or sale of equity interests that do not result in a change of control are accounted for as equity transactions. Results of operations attributable to the non-controlling interest are included in our consolidated statements of operations and, upon loss of control, the interest sold, as well as interest retained, if any, will be reported at fair value with any gain or loss recognized in earnings.
The Company’s non-controlling interests represent the minority shareholder’s ownership interests related to the Company’s subsidiary, representing 20% for Choliya as discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements. The non-controlling interests are presented in the consolidated balance sheets separately from equity attributable to the shareholders of the Company. Non-controlling interests in the results of the Company are presented on the consolidated statement of operations as allocations of the total income or loss between non-controlling interests holders and the shareholders of the Company.
Related parties
The Company adopted ASC Topic 850, Related Party Disclosures, for the identification of related parties and disclosure of related party transactions.
Parties are considered to be related if one party has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operating decisions. Parties are also considered to be related if they are subject to common control or significant influence of the same party, such as a family member or relative, shareholder, or a related corporation.
The details of related party transactions during the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 and balances as of March 31, 2024 and 2023 are set out in Note 10.
Revenue recognition
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and subsequently issued additional related Accounting Standards Updates (collectively, “ASC 606”). The Company derives revenue principally from the provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum service, sales of products and consultancy services. The Company enters into agreements with customers that create enforceable rights and obligations and for which it is probable that the Company will collect the consideration to which it will be entitled as services transfer to the customer. It is customary practice for the Company to have written agreements with its customers and revenue on oral or implied arrangements is generally not recognized. The Company recognizes revenue based on the consideration specified in the applicable agreement.
Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized using the following five steps:
1. identify the contract(s) with a customer;
2. identify the performance obligations in the contract;
3. determine the transaction price;
4. allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and
5. recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.
F-47
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
The Company has elected to apply the practical expedient in paragraph ASC 606-10-50-14 and does not disclose information about remaining performance obligations that have original expected durations of one year or less.
The Company elected a practical expedient that it does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if the Company expects that, upon the inception of revenue contracts, the period between when the Company transfers its promised services or deliverables to its clients and when the clients pay for those services or deliverables will be one year or less.
As a practical expedient, the Company elected to expense the incremental costs of obtaining a contract when incurred if the amortization period of the asset that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less.
The core principle underlying ASC 606 is that the Company will recognize revenue to represent the transfer of services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in such exchange. This will require the Company to identify contractual performance obligations and determine whether revenue should be recognized at a point in time or over time, based on when control of services transfers to a customer.
The service offerings by the Company mainly comprise the following:
(a) Beauty, wellness and postpartum service
Our beauty, wellness, and postpartum services include but are not limited to womb-warming therapy, BTS (Beauty, Tailor-made, Slim) pelvic detox therapy, agarwood moxibustion therapy, traditional Chinese medicines inspired prenatal massage, and Indonesian traditional abdominal binding. The Company enters into a distinct contract with its customers for the provision of beauty, wellness and postpartum services. Our customers are individuals. The customers can purchase various plans of different services based on their needs and choices. Pursuant to the contract, each type of service is not interrelated and is distinct as (i) customers are entitled to a series of appointments for the specific services purchased; and (ii) each service has its own price which is separately negotiable. Each type of service is considered as a promise and a separate performance obligation. Hence, there will be more than one promise for each contract entered into between the Company and the customers. The contracts are generally non-cancellable and non-refundable in the event of cancellation. All services have an expiry date of one full year from the date of the purchase but exception was granted case-by-case which may have more than one year for expiry date but this situation is mere. If there is an extension of expiry date requested by customer, the customers are required to pay additional fee for the purchase of other plans or purchase additional number of times with the same plan. Each service is typically fixed priced with no variable consideration and does not provide any post-contract service. Customers are required to pay a fixed lump sum fee in advance for the purchase of either (i) a series of services offered by the Company for one year; or (ii) a designated service with fixed number of times during one year period. Payments can be settled by cash, Payme, Alipay, Octopus card, WeChat Pay, faster payment system or credit card. The fee was recognized as contract liability upon receipt and charged to revenue, net of discounts, in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) once used by the customers and the amount of revenue to be recognized either on (i) the price of series of services used each time; or (ii) the times used for each plan in each appointment. The unit price for customers purchasing the plan is based on number of times calculated on an effective basis, i.e. total lump sum fee paid by customers divided by total number of times purchased including any free trials offered for the plan as stipulated in the contract. The Company offers discounts, which is a common practice in the beauty industry, to customers. Discounts are negotiated separately for each promise, which are agreed and stated clearly for each promise in the contract before full payment is made by the customers. Hence, the net amount paid by customers is fixed with no variable consideration and there is no allocation involving any estimation required. The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation in the contract on the basis of the relative stand-alone selling prices of the promised services (i.e. the net amount for each promise stated in the contract). The customers can renew/purchase additional times/plans upon or before the expiry of contract and any renewal and purchase by the same customer are considered a new contact separately since similar price is required to be paid by the customers as normal purchase. During the
F-48
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
services, as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the relaxation services, the revenue is recognized over time. We also recognize revenue for breakage based on past experience that the prepaid amounts are not expected to be used upon expiry without any renewal.
(b) Sales of products
We also offer traditional Chinese medicines inspired supplements products, including (i) traditional Chinese medicines inspired supplements products, such as uterine care patches, probiotic intimate wash, and nourishing pill sets, designed to support uterine health, improve physical weakness, and balance endocrine functions for female customers; and (ii) beauty products, including time ginseng soothing anti-allergy moisturizing wash, which provide comprehensive care for skin issues, and scalp health. The Company derives its revenues from sales contracts with its customers with revenues being recognized at a point in time when control of the products are transferred to its customer at the Company’s wellness centers. The revenue is recognized based on the price paid which is fixed and net of any discount upon delivery at the counter. The sales have no right of return, no warranty and are not refundable. Product delivery is evidenced by a payment receipt record. Payments can be settled by cash, Payme, Alipay, Octopus card, WeChat Pay, faster payment system or credit card.
(c) Consultancy services
In addition, we provide traditional Chinese medicine technical training and dietary therapy training and other consultancy services to other well-established and reputable beauty salons, massage centers, and similar entities. The Company enters into a distinct contract with its customers for the provision various services including (i) training for skills on promotion of reputation of their entities and dietary therapy services; and (ii) the attendance of our tradition Chinese medicine practitioner for services, with service period from three months to six months. Pursuant to the contracts between the Company and their customers, there are various promises in one contract and each promise is distinct and is not interrelated representing separate performance obligation. Fees charged for each performance obligation are different and based on the promises provided. The service fees for training related services are fixed and stipulated in the contract while other services are not fixed but variable which depends on the actual number of working hours during dispatched period. The Company does not offer any credits or discounts, rebates, price concessions or other similar privileges to customers. Due to the nature of services, the Company does not permit refund to customers. Typically, customers are required to pay either in advance or within 90 days from invoicing. Services provided are evidenced by the attendance records signed by both Company and the customers. These services are primarily recognized as revenues at point in time when services are provided.
Operating costs and expenses
Operating expenses primarily consist of cost of sales of products, advertising and promotion expenses, salaries and related social insurance costs for operations, rentals, professional services fees, depreciation of property and equipment, bank charges, consumables, such as herbal medicines, body lotion, organic essential oils and shampoo in bulk portion, are primarily used during the course of the daily services provided by the company to customers and other office expenses related to general operations. Advertising and promotion expenses represented the advertisements launched in Facebook and other social media platform and are charged to operating costs and expenses as they incurred. Cost of sales products represented the purchase price of the traditional Chinese medicines inspired supplements products. In situations where promotional products, such as samples and testers, are provided by the Company to its customers at the same time as a related saleable product, the cost of these promotional products are recognized as cost of sales of products at the same time as the revenue for the related product is recognized.
Other income
Interest income is mainly generated from savings and three-month time deposits of HK$6,00,000 (US$766,685) and is recognized on an accrual basis using the effective interest method.
F-49
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
Government subsidies are recognized as income in other income or as deferred government subsidy before conditions attached to the government subsidy are met and charged to statements of operations as other income once conditions are fulfilled. For the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized an aggregate government subsidies of US$1,398 and US$91,527, respectively from government of Hong Kong. Details of the government subsidies were discussed below.
During the year ended March 31, 2023, the Company successfully applied for funding support from the Employment Support Scheme (“ESS”) under the Anti-epidemic Fund, set up by the Hong Kong Government, to provide financial support to enterprises to retain their employees who may otherwise be made redundant. The wage subsidies provided to eligible employers under ESS for paying wages of employees from May to July 2022. Employers participating in ESS were required to undertake and warrant that they would: (i) not implement redundancies during the subsidy period; and (ii) spend all the wage subsidies on paying wages to their employees. If an employer fails to use all the subsidies received to pay the wages of his/her employees, the Hong Kong Government will claw back the unspent balance of the subsidy. If the total number of employees on the payroll in any one month of the subsidy period is less than the “committed headcount of paid employees”, the employer will have to pay a penalty to the Hong Kong Government. For the years ended March 31, 2023, the Group recognized government grants in connection with ESS of US$68,122, respectively, in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The Company is not required to return any subsidy or pay any penalty to the Hong Kong Government. There were no unfulfilled conditions nor other contingencies attached to the ESS funding as of March 31, 2024 and 2023.
During the year ended March 31, 2023, the Company successfully applied for funding support from Technology Voucher Program (“TVP”) launched by Hong Kong Productivity Council for subsiding local entities on the use of technological services and solutions to improve productivity, or upgrade or transform their business processes, in order to enhance their long-term competitiveness. Pursuant to the TVP, the Company is required to submit an audited report to Hong Kong Productivity Council on the expenditure incurred for the development of technology software. Approval, evidenced by the announcement in the website of Hong Kong Productivity Council during the year ended March 31, 2023, from Hong Kong Productivity Council was obtained and the conditions were removed and US$11,924 received from Hong Kong Productivity Council was reversed from deferred government subsidy to other income during the year March 31, 2023.
In May 2022, the Company successfully applied for funding support from Subsidy Scheme for Beauty Parlours, Massage Establishments and Party Rooms 2022 (the “Scheme”) launched by Chief Secretary for Administration’s Office of Hong Kong to provide a one-off subsidy to beauty parlours, massage establishments and party rooms which have been directed to suspend business operations business operations from January 7, 2022 to April 20, 2022. Pursuant to the Scheme, the Company is required to file the application through the Scheme’s dedicated online application website within the application period from February 7 to February 20, 2022. Eligible beauty parlour or massage establishment will receive a one-off subsidy depending on its number of workers under employment of the Company. During the year ended March 31, 2023, the Company received an aggregate of US$11,481 from Chief Secretary for Administration’s Office with no unfulfilled conditions nor other contingencies attached to the Scheme and hence US$11,481 was recognized as other income in the year of receipt (i.e. during the year March 31, 2023).
In January 2024, the Company successfully applied for funding support from SME Export Marketing Fund (“EMF”) launched by Trade and Industry Department of Hong Kong government to encourage SMEs to expand their markets outside Hong Kong by providing financial assistance to SMEs for participation in export promotion activities. Pursuant to EMF, the Company is required to submit an application form with supporting documents to Trade and Industry Department within 60 calendar days after the completion date of the qualified export promotion activity. An approval was received during the year ended March 31, 2024 and it is evidenced by the website announcement of Trade and Industry Department. During the year ended March 31, 2024, the Company received an aggregate of US$1,398 from Trade and Industry Department of Hong Kong government with no unfulfilled conditions nor other contingencies attached to the EMF and hence US$1,398 was recognized as other income in the year of receipt (i.e. during the year March 31, 2024).
F-50
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
Employee benefit plan
The principal employee’s retirement scheme is under the Hong Kong Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance. Contributions are made by both the employer and the employee at the rate of 5% on the employee’s relevant salary income, subject to a cap of monthly relevant income of approximately US$3,833.
During the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the total amount charged to the consolidated statements of operations in respect of the Company’s costs incurred on the Mandatory Provident Fund Scheme were approximately US$12,689 and US$7,937, respectively.
Income taxes
BVI
We are incorporated in the BVI and is not subject to tax on income or capital gains under current BVI law. In addition, upon payments of dividends by these entities to their shareholders, no BVI withholding tax will be imposed.
Hong Kong
Subsidiaries incorporated in Hong Kong are subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax on the taxable income as reported in their statutory financial statements adjusted in accordance with Hong Kong’s Inland Revenue Department Ordinance. The applicable tax rate is 16.5% in Hong Kong. Starting from the financial year commencing on April 1, 2018, the two-tiered profits tax regime took effect, under which the tax rate is 8.25% for assessable profits on the first HK$2 million and 16.5% for any assessable profits in excess of HK$2 million.
The Company accounts for income taxes pursuant to ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). Income taxes are provided on an asset and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. Any tax paid by subsidiaries during the year is recorded. Current tax is based on the profit or loss from ordinary activities adjusted for items that are non-assessable or disallowable for income tax purpose and is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. ASC 740 also requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the financial statements and the tax basis of assets and liabilities, and the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax losses and tax credit carry-forwards. ASC 740 additionally requires the establishment of a valuation allowance to reflect the likelihood of realization of deferred tax assets. Realization of deferred tax assets, including those related to the U.S. net operating loss carry-forwards, is dependent upon future earnings, if any, of which the timing and amount are uncertain.
An uncertain tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded. Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified as income tax expense in the period incurred.
Comprehensive income
The Company presents comprehensive income (loss) in accordance with ASC Topic 220, Comprehensive Income, (“ASC 220”). ASC 220 states that all items that are required to be recognized under accounting standards as components of comprehensive income (loss) be reported in the consolidated financial statements. The components of comprehensive income (loss) include the net income and foreign currency translation for the years.
F-51
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
Commitments and contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to contingencies, including legal proceedings and claims arising out of the business that relate to a wide range of matters, such as government investigations and tax matters. The Company recognizes a liability for such contingency if it determines it is probable that a loss has occurred, and a reasonable estimate of the loss can be made. The Company may consider many factors in making these assessments including historical and the specific facts and circumstances of each matter.
Segment reporting
ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting, establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments on a basis consistent with the Company’s internal organizational structure as well as information about geographical areas, business segments and major customers in financial statements for details on the Company’s business segments. The Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) is the Chief Executive Officer. The Company’s CODM assess the Group’s performance and results of operations on a consolidated basis. The Company uses the “management approach” in determining reportable operating segments. The management approach considers the internal organization and reporting used by the Company’s CODM for making operating decisions and assessing performance as the source for determining the Company’s reportable segments. Management, including the CODM, reviews operation results by the revenue of different products or services. Based on management’s assessment, the Company has determined that it has only one operating segment. All assets of the Company are located in Hong Kong and all revenue is generated in Hong Kong.
Earnings per share
The Company computes earnings per share, or EPS, in accordance with ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share (“ASC 260”). ASC 260 requires companies to present basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is measured as net income divided by the weighted average ordinary share outstanding for the year. Diluted EPS presents the dilutive effect on a per share basis of the potential ordinary shares (e.g., convertible securities, options and warrants) as if they had been converted at the beginning of the years presented, or issuance date, if later. Potential ordinary shares that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS. For the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no dilutive shares.
Statement of cash flows
In accordance with ASC 230, “Statement of Cash Flows”, cash flows from the Company’s operations are formulated based upon the local currencies, and then translated at average exchange rates for the periods. As a result, amounts related to assets and liabilities reported on the statements of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the consolidated balance sheets.
Recently issued accounting pronouncements
In January 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848). ASU No. 2021-01 is an update of ASU No. 2020-04, which is in response to concerns about structural risks of interbank offered rates, and particularly the risk of cessation of LIBOR. Regulators have undertaken reference rate reform initiatives to identify alternative reference rates that are more observable or transaction based and less susceptible to manipulation. ASU No. 2020-04 provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting. ASU No. 2020-04 is elective and applies to all entities, subject to meeting certain criteria, that have contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. The ASU No. 2021-01 update clarifies that certain optional expedients and exceptions in Topic 848 for contract modifications and hedge accounting apply to derivatives that are affected by the discounting transition. The amendments in this update are effective immediately through December 31, 2022, for all entities. On December 21, 2022, the FASB issued a new Accounting Standards Update ASU No. 2022-06, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Deferral of the Sunset
F-52
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
Date of Topic 848, that extends the sunset (or expiration) date of ASC Topic 848 to December 31, 2024. This gives reporting entities two additional years to apply the accounting relief provided under ASC Topic 848 for matters related to reference rate reform. The Company does not expect the cessation of LIBOR to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, “Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative.” This ASU incorporates certain U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) disclosure requirements into the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. The amendments in the ASU are expected to clarify or improve disclosure and presentation requirements of a variety of Codification Topics, allow users to compare entities subject more easily to the SEC’s existing disclosures with those entities that were not previously subject to the requirements, and align the requirements in the Codification with the SEC’s regulations. For entities subject to the SEC’s existing disclosure requirements and for entities required to file or furnish financial statements with or to the SEC in preparation for the sale of or for purposes of issuing securities that are not subject to contractual restrictions on transfer, the effective date for each amendment will be the date on which the SEC removes that related disclosure from its rules. For all other entities, the amendments will be effective two years later. However, if by June 30, 2027, the SEC has not removed the related disclosure from its regulations, the amendments will be removed from the Codification and not become effective for any entity. We are currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2023-06 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures.” The amendments in this ASU are intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. This ASU requires disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision mark (CODM), an amount for other segment items by reportable segment and a description of its composition, all annual disclosures required by FASB ASU Topic 280 in interim periods as well, and the title and position of the CODM and how the CODM uses the reported measures. Additionally, this ASU requires that at least one of the reported segment profit and loss measures should be the measure that is most consistent with the measurement principles used in an entity’s consolidated financial statements. Lastly, this ASU requires public business entities with a single reportable segment to provide all disclosures required by these amendments in this ASU and all existing segment disclosures in Topic 280. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments should be applied retrospectively. We are currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2023-06 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income taxes (Topic 740), Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which provides guidance on the requirements such as the requirement that public business entities on an annual basis (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. For public business entities (PBEs), the new requirements will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. For entities other than public business entities (non-PBEs), the requirements will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025. Early adoption is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. The ASU should be applied prospectively. Retrospective application is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2023-09 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
Except as mentioned above, the Company does not believe other recently issued but not yet effective accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) and statements of cash flows.
F-53
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES (cont.)
Going Concern
As of March 31, 2024, the Company continued having a working capital deficit of US$2,212,261. This circumstance gave rise to substantial doubt that the Company would continue as a going concern subsequent to March 31, 2024. As of March 31, 2024, the Company has US$2,103,655 cash and cash equivalents.
As of March 31, 2023, the Company had a working capital deficit of US$3,048,928. This circumstance gave rise to substantial doubt that the Company would continue as a going concern subsequent to March 31, 2023. As of March 31, 2023, the Company has US$1,929,192 cash and cash equivalents.
We intend to meet the cash requirements for the next 12 months from the issuance date of these consolidated financial statements through operations and financial support from our Controlling Shareholder, financial institutions, and investors. We are continuing to focus on improving operational efficiency and cost reductions and enhancing efficiency. Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon obtaining the necessary financing or negotiating the terms of the existing short-term liabilities to meet our current and future liquidity needs.
Despite the Company’s efforts to obtain additional funding and reduce operating costs, there is no assurance that the Company’s plans and actions will be successful. Therefore, there is a substantial doubt about the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern, and that it may be unable to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and liquidation of liabilities during the normal course of operations.
3. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET
Accounts receivable, net is comprised of the following:
|
As of March 31, |
||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
Accounts receivable |
351,614 |
186,638 |
||
|
Less: allowance for expected credit losses |
— |
— |
||
|
Accounts receivable, net |
351,614 |
186,638 |
||
Accounts receivable, net as of March 31, 2024 and 2023 are aged within one year. Up to August 31, 2024, all outstanding accounts receivable balance of US$351,614 as of March 31, 2024 were fully settled.
4. DEPOSITS, PREPAYMENTS AND OTHER RECEIVABLES, NET
Deposits, prepayments and other receivables, net comprised of the following:
|
As of March 31, |
||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
Rental and utility deposits |
323,556 |
286,320 |
||
|
Prepaid rent |
20,008 |
19,947 |
||
|
Prepayments to suppliers |
6,065 |
6,857 |
||
|
Other receivables |
3,926 |
1,165 |
||
|
Total deposits, prepayments and other receivables, net |
353,555 |
314,289 |
||
|
Less: non-current portion |
54,604 |
193,753 |
||
|
Current portion |
298,951 |
120,536 |
||
F-54
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
5. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
Property and equipment, net consists of the following:
|
As of March 31, |
||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
Leasehold improvement |
798,533 |
|
752,410 |
|
||
|
Furniture and fixtures |
187,299 |
|
117,293 |
|
||
|
Machinery and equipment |
95,430 |
|
84,616 |
|
||
|
Motor vehicle |
86,544 |
|
— |
|
||
|
Total |
1,167,806 |
|
954,319 |
|
||
|
Less: accumulated depreciation |
(698,280 |
) |
(305,707 |
) |
||
|
Net carrying value |
469,526 |
|
648,612 |
|
||
Depreciation expenses recognized for the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were US$391,704 and US$211,078, respectively.
As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, a motor vehicle with a carrying amount of US$70,768 and Nil, respectively, was under a finance lease (Note 9).
6. TRADE PAYABLES, ACCRUALS AND OTHER PAYABLES
Trade payables, accruals and other payables consist of the following:
|
As of March 31, |
||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
Trade payables |
— |
1,572 |
||
|
Accrued staff costs and employee benefits |
141,594 |
187,994 |
||
|
Accrued professional fees |
268,912 |
9,427 |
||
|
Accrued renovation |
— |
23,376 |
||
|
Accrued advertising expenses |
639 |
7,276 |
||
|
Others |
40,005 |
11,230 |
||
|
Total |
451,150 |
240,875 |
||
7. CONTRACT LIABILITIES
The movement of contract liabilities consists of the following:
|
As of March 31, |
||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
Balance at beginning of the year |
5,602,672 |
|
2,877,057 |
|
||
|
Additions |
4,778,914 |
|
6,266,654 |
|
||
|
Recognized as revenues during the year |
(5,902,806 |
) |
(3,530,822 |
) |
||
|
Exchange realignment |
17,375 |
|
(10,217 |
) |
||
|
Balance at end of year |
4,496,155 |
|
5,602,672 |
|
||
During the year ended March 31, 2024, revenues of US$3,666,035 were recognized that were included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the year.
During the year ended March 31, 2023, revenues of US$1,135,060 were recognized that were included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the year.
F-55
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
8. BANK BORROWINGS
Outstanding balances of bank borrowings as of March 31, 2024 and 2023 consist of the following:
|
As of March 31, |
||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
Bank borrowings |
||||
|
Guaranteed(i) |
442,612 |
589,659 |
||
|
Short-term bank borrowings(ii),(iii) |
442,612 |
589,659 |
||
____________
(i) The bank borrowings were guaranteed by Ms. Wong Kit, a Controlling Shareholder, and the HKMC Insurance Limited under a financing aid program for SMBs operating in Hong Kong.
(ii) As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had bank borrowings amounted to US$442,612 and US$589,659, respectively, which contained repayment on demand clauses. Accordingly, they have been classified as current liabilities. For the purpose of the illustration, such bank borrowings are included within short-term bank borrowings and represented as bank borrowings repayable on demand.
(iii) The bank borrowings are all denominated in HK$.
Bank borrowings as of March 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:
|
Lender |
Type |
Maturity date |
Currency |
Weighted |
|
|||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||||||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||||||||
|
Bank of China (Hong Kong) Limited |
Term loan |
August 9, 2023 with repayable on demand clause |
HK$ |
2023: 3.375% 2024: N/A |
— |
23,482 |
||||||
|
Bank of China (Hong Kong) Limited |
Term loan |
December 15, 2025 with repayable on demand clause |
HK$ |
2023: 3.375% 2024: 3.625% |
60,127 |
92,544 |
||||||
|
Bank of China (Hong Kong) Limited |
Term loan |
November 11, 2029 with repayable on demand clause |
HK$ |
2023: 3.375% 2024: 3.625% |
104,157 |
120,064 |
||||||
|
Bank of China (Hong Kong) Limited |
Term loan |
March 25, 2029 with repayable on demand clause |
HK$ |
2023: 3.375% 2024: 3.625% |
175,387 |
206,198 |
||||||
|
Bank of China (Hong Kong) Limited |
Term loan |
May 13, 2026 with repayable on demand clause |
HK$ |
2023: 3.375% 2024: 3.625% |
102,941 |
147,371 |
||||||
|
442,612 |
589,659 |
|||||||||||
As of March 31, 2024, the contractual repayment schedule is as follows:
|
US$ |
||
|
Year ending March 31, 2025 |
129,861 |
|
|
Year ending March 31, 2026 |
125,751 |
|
|
Year ending March 31, 2027 |
61,382 |
|
|
Year ending March 31, 2028 |
55,093 |
|
|
Year ending March 31, 2029 |
57,128 |
|
|
Thereafter |
13,397 |
|
|
Total bank borrowings |
442,612 |
F-56
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
8. BANK BORROWINGS (cont.)
As of March 31, 2023, the contractual repayment schedule is as follows:
|
US$ |
||
|
Year ending March 31, 2024 |
148,400 |
|
|
Year ending March 31, 2025 |
129,464 |
|
|
Year ending March 31, 2026 |
125,366 |
|
|
Year ending March 31, 2027 |
61,194 |
|
|
Year ending March 31, 2028 |
54,924 |
|
|
Thereafter |
70,311 |
|
|
Total bank borrowings |
589,659 |
9. RIGHT-OF-USE ASSETS AND LEASE LIABILITIES
The Company is a lessee of non-cancellable operating leases for shops in Hong Kong with a lease term of ranging from 2 to 3 years. The Company also lease an equipment with a lease term of 31 months under a finance lease. The Company’s ROU assets and operating and finance lease liabilities recognized in the consolidated balances sheets consist of the following:
Operating lease
Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating leases was as follows:
|
As of March 31, |
||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
Operating lease ROU assets |
|
|
||||
|
Cost |
1,341,584 |
|
1,967,086 |
|
||
|
Less: accumulated amortization |
(889,249 |
) |
(817,862 |
) |
||
|
Total |
452,335 |
|
1,149,224 |
|
||
|
As of March 31, |
||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
Current portion |
356,081 |
735,597 |
||
|
Non-current portion |
129,662 |
484,258 |
||
|
Total |
485,743 |
1,219,855 |
||
During the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred lease expenses of approximately US$723,210 and US$564,665, respectively.
Other supplemental information about the Company’s operating leases as of March 31, 2024 and 2023:
|
As of March 31, |
||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||
|
Weighted average remaining lease term (years) |
1.27 |
|
2.02 |
|
||
|
Weighted average discount rate (representing the incremental borrowing rate) |
2.75 |
% |
2.75 |
% |
||
F-57
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
9. RIGHT-OF-USE ASSETS AND LEASE LIABILITIES (cont.)
The following table shows the remaining contractual maturities of the Group’s operating lease liabilities as of March 31, 2024:
|
As of |
|||
|
US$ |
|||
|
Year ending March 31, 2025 |
363,171 |
|
|
|
Year ending March 31, 2026 |
130,554 |
|
|
|
Total future lease payments |
493,725 |
|
|
|
Less: imputed interest |
(7,982 |
) |
|
|
Operating lease liabilities recognized in the consolidated balance sheets |
485,743 |
|
|
Finance lease
Supplemental balance sheet information related to finance leases was as follows:
|
As of March 31, |
||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
Current finance lease obligation |
14,436 |
— |
||
|
Non-current finance lease obligation portion |
18,588 |
— |
||
|
Total |
33,024 |
— |
||
Other supplemental information about the Company’s finance leases as of March 31, 2024 and 2023:
|
As of March 31, |
|||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
||||
|
Weighted average remaining lease term (years) |
2.16 |
|
N/A |
||
|
Weighted average discount rate (representing the effective explicit interest rate stipulated in the contract finance lease contract) |
9.35 |
% |
N/A |
||
The maturity analysis of the Company’s undiscounted non-cancellable finance lease obligations as of March 31, 2024 is as follows:
|
As of March 31, |
|||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
||||
|
Year ending March 31, 2025 |
16,680 |
|
— |
||
|
Year ending March 31, 2026 |
16,680 |
|
— |
||
|
Year ending March 31, 2027 |
2,780 |
|
— |
||
|
Total future lease payments |
36,140 |
|
— |
||
|
Less: imputed interest |
(3,116 |
) |
— |
||
|
Finance lease liabilities recognized in the consolidated balance sheet |
33,024 |
|
— |
||
10. RELATED PARTY BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS
Relationships with related parties
|
Name |
Relationship |
|
|
Ms. Wong Kit (“Ms. Wong”) |
The Controlling Shareholder, chief executive officer of the Company, and director/chairwoman |
|
|
Ms. Wong Ting Ting |
Sister of Ms. Wong |
|
|
Ms. Liu Qiong |
Mother of Ms. Wong |
F-58
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
10. RELATED PARTY BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS (cont.)
Amount due from related party consists of the following:
|
As of March 31, |
||||||
|
Name |
Nature |
2024 |
2023 |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
Ms. Wong Kit (“Ms. Wong”) |
Amounts due from a director |
885,056 |
1,817,177 |
|||
|
885,056 |
1,817,177 |
|||||
The balances with related parties are unsecured, interest free with no specific repayment terms. These balances represented funds transferred to Ms. Kit Wong, the chairwoman, director and Controlling Shareholder of the Company, for the payment made on behalf of the Company’s for the purchase of inventories and consumables and the receipt of service fees on behalf of the Company’s from payment platforms, including Payme, Alipay and Faster Payment System, and fund transfer for daily operations. As of the date of report, US$724,855 were settled for the amount due from Ms. Wong as of March 31, 2024 and the remaining balance is expected to be repaid by cash before the earlier of March 2025 or the public filing of the Form F-1 of the Company.
The Company does not have significant related party transactions incurred during the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 except for the following:
(i) For the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, staff costs and employee benefits paid to Ms. Wong Ting Ting were US$30,674 and US$22,052, respectively, and Ms. Liu Qiong were US$16,116 and US$13,395, respectively. Both Ms. Wong Ting Ting and Ms. Liu Qiong are employees of the Company.
(ii) Remuneration to senior management for the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were:
|
Years ended |
||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
Remuneration to senior management: |
||||
|
Salaries and other short-term employee benefits |
166,174 |
144,728 |
||
|
Payments to defined contribution pension schemes |
6,860 |
6,836 |
||
|
Total |
173,034 |
151,564 |
||
11. Shareholders’ equity (DEFICIT)
Ordinary shares
The Company was incorporated as an exempted company with limited liability under the laws of the British Virgin Island on February 28, 2024. The authorized share capital of the Company was US$7,500 divided into 50,000 ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.15 each at the date of incorporation. On October 18, 2024, the shareholders of the Company approved an Amended and Restated of the Articles of Association, pursuant to which 1) the authorized share capital of the Company was re-classified from one class to two classes which are divided into 60,000,000 Class A ordinary shares, with a par value of $0.0001 each and 15,000,000 Class B ordinary shares, with a par value of $0.0001 each; 2) holders of Class A ordinary shares shall be entitled to one vote per share on all matters subject to the vote at general meetings of the Company, while holders of Class B ordinary shares shall be entitled to 20 votes per share on all matters subject to the vote at general meetings of the Company; 3) each Class B ordinary share is convertible into one Class A ordinary share either (i) at any time by the holder thereof, or (ii) when the holder of Class B ordinary shares transfers to a third party not affiliated with such holder, while Class A ordinary shares are not convertible into Class B ordinary shares under any circumstances; and 4) the dividend rights and other privileges including the rights for the remaining assets are the same in the event of liquidation for both Class A and Class B ordinary shares are the same. On October 18, 2024, the shareholding of the original one class ordinary share 13,338,000 in the Company was transferred to Class A ordinary shares and the proportion of their shareholdings in the Company being held by Ms. Wong and each individual shareholder remains unchanged.
F-59
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
11. Shareholders’ equity (DEFICIT) (cont.)
On November 1, 2024, an aggregate 2,000,000 Class B ordinary shares were allotted to Ms. Wong, the Controlling Shareholder at a cash consideration of par value of $0.0001 per share.
After the transactions mentioned above, Ms. Wong, owns an aggregate of 10,350,360 Class A ordinary shares and 2,000,000 Class B ordinary shares, representing 94.40% of the total voting power of our Company.
As a part of the Company’s recapitalization prior to completion of its initial public offering, the Company has retroactively restated all shares and per share data for all the periods presented according to Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805-50-25 due to under common control.
Subscription receivables
The balance represented the outstanding subscription consideration for the ordinary shares of the Company. They are recognized as deduction of equity in accordance with SAB Topic 4:E.
Non-controlling interests
As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company’s non-controlling interest represented 20% equity interest of Choliya mentioned in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements.
Dividends
On March 31, 2024, the board of directors of Pilate and Dream International have declared non-cash dividends of HK$4,737,472 (US$605,358) and HK$700,918 (US$89,564), respectively, to the sole shareholder, Ms. Wong, of Pilate and Dream International registered on the date of declaration to offset receivable balances owed by Ms. Wong to the Company. Management directly reduced the receivable asset account “amount due from a director” and increased the balance for “accumulated losses” in the amount corresponding to the non-cash dividends; the direct reduction of assets and equity had no effect on the Group’s result of operations or cash flows for the year ended March 31, 2024. No other consideration was included in this non-cash dividend between the Company and Ms. Wong.
12. DISAGGREGATED REVENUES
Revenues disaggregated by revenues by major categories and timing of revenue recognition for the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 are disclosed in the table below:
|
Years ended March 31, |
||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||
|
Over time: |
||||
|
– Beauty, wellness and postpartum service |
5,813,814 |
3,451,955 |
||
|
Point in time: |
||||
|
– Sales of products |
88,992 |
78,867 |
||
|
– Consultancy services |
112,569 |
— |
||
|
201,561 |
78,867 |
|||
|
Total |
6,015,375 |
3,530,822 |
||
F-60
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
13. TAXES
Income tax
BVI
Charming Medical and BeautyLab Group are incorporated in the BVI and are not subject to tax on income or capital gains under current BVI law. In addition, upon payments of dividends by these entities to their shareholders, no BVI withholding tax will be imposed.
Hong Kong
My Beauty, Pilate, Dream International and Choliya are incorporated in Hong Kong and are subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax on the taxable income as reported in its statutory financial statements adjusted in accordance with relevant Hong Kong tax laws. The applicable tax rate is 16.5% in Hong Kong. From year of assessment of 2019/2020 onwards, Hong Kong profits tax rates are 8.25% on assessable profits up to HK$2,000,000 (approximately US$255,562, and 16.5% on any part of assessable profits over HK$2,000,000 (approximately US$255,562). Under Hong Kong tax law, the above-mentioned Hong Kong company is exempted from income tax on its foreign-derived income and there are no withholding taxes in Hong Kong on remittance of dividends.
For the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company generated substantially all of its taxable income in Hong Kong. The tax expenses recorded in the Company’s result of operations are almost entirely attributable to income earned in Hong Kong. Should the Company’s operations expand or change in the future, where the Company generates taxable income in other jurisdictions, the Company’s effective tax rates may substantially change.
Taxation in the statements of operations represents:
|
Years ended March 31, |
|||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
||||
|
Hong Kong profits tax provision for the year: |
|
||||
|
Current |
119,274 |
— |
|
||
|
Deferred |
62,477 |
(84,863 |
) |
||
|
Total income tax expenses (credit) |
181,751 |
(84,863 |
) |
||
A reconciliation of the provision for income taxes determined at the Hong Kong statutory income tax rate to the Company’s effective income tax rate is as follows:
|
Years ended March 31, |
||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||
|
% |
% |
|||||
|
Statutory tax rate of British Virgin Islands |
0.0 |
% |
0.0 |
% |
||
|
Hong Kong tax rate |
16.5 |
% |
16.5 |
% |
||
|
Permanent difference |
3.3 |
% |
3.7 |
% |
||
|
Tax concession (Note 1) |
(1.7 |
)% |
— |
% |
||
|
Effective tax rate |
18.1 |
% |
20.2 |
% |
||
____________
Note 1: The tax concession by the election by the Company for profits tax rate at 8.25% on the first HK$2,000,000 under the two-tiered profits tax regime as above mentioned.
F-61
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
13. TAXES (cont.)
Deferred tax
The following table sets forth the significant components of the deferred tax assets of the Company:
|
As of March 31, |
||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
Deferred tax assets: |
|
|
||||
|
Difference in depreciation basis for property and equipment |
|
|
||||
|
Opening balances |
14,929 |
|
8,295 |
|
||
|
Addition |
30,436 |
|
12,994 |
|
||
|
Utilized during the year |
(1,227 |
) |
(6,333 |
) |
||
|
Exchange realignment |
40 |
|
(27 |
) |
||
|
Ending balances |
44,178 |
|
14,929 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
Net operating losses |
|
|
||||
|
Opening balances |
257,845 |
|
180,152 |
|
||
|
Addition |
8,638 |
|
90,367 |
|
||
|
Utilized during the year |
(100,324 |
) |
(12,165 |
) |
||
|
Exchange realignment |
807 |
|
(509 |
) |
||
|
Ending balances |
166,966 |
|
257,845 |
|
||
|
Total ending balances |
211,144 |
|
272,774 |
|
||
|
Less: valuation allowance |
— |
|
— |
|
||
|
Total deferred tax assets, net |
211,144 |
|
272,774 |
|
||
The Company did not recognize any valuation allowance against its deferred tax asset as management believes the Company will be able to fully utilize the assets in the foreseeable future. For Hong Kong company who has net operating losses incurred in an accounting year, the losses can be carried forward indefinitely to offset future profits generated from the business.
14. RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
Credit risk
The Company’s assets that are potentially subject to a significant concentration of credit risk primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable.
Bank balances
The Company believes that there is no significant credit risk associated with cash in Hong Kong, which were held by reputable financial institutions in the jurisdiction where the Company and its subsidiaries are located. The Hong Kong Deposit Protection Board pays compensation up to a limit of approximately US$63,990 if the bank with which an individual/a company hold its eligible deposit fails. As of March 31, 2024, cash balance of US$2,103,655 was maintained at financial institutions in Hong Kong and approximately US$127,781 was insured by the Hong Kong Deposit Protection Board.
Accounts receivable
The Company has designed credit policies with an objective to minimize their exposure to credit risk. The Company’s accounts receivable are short term in nature and the associated risk is minimal. The Company conducts credit evaluations on customers and generally do not require collateral or other securities from such customers. The Company periodically evaluates the creditworthiness of the existing customers in determining an allowance for expected credit losses primarily based upon the aging of the receivable, the client’s payment history, its current creditworthiness, current economic trends and future expectations and customer specific quantitative and qualitative factors that may affect our customers’ ability to pay. Since all accounts receivable as at years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 are aged within one year, minimum credit risk was noted for accounts receivable.
F-62
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
14. RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES (cont.)
Customer concentration risk
For the year ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, no customer accounts for more than 10% of our total revenues, respectively.
As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, no customer accounts for more than 10% of the total balance of accounts receivable.
Interest rate risk
The Company is exposed to cash flow interest rate risk through the changes in interest rates related mainly to the Company’s bank borrowings and cash and cash equivalents. The Company currently does not have any interest rate hedging policy in relation to fair value interest rate risk and cash flow interest rate risk. The directors monitor the Company’s exposures on an ongoing basis and will consider hedging the interest rate should the need arises.
Foreign currency risk
The reporting currency of the Company is US$. To date the majority of the revenues and costs are denominated in HK$ and a significant portion of the assets and liabilities are denominated in HK$. There was no significant exposure to foreign exchange rate fluctuations and the Company has not maintained any hedging policy against foreign currency risk. The management will consider hedging significant currency exposure should the need arise.
Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset. The Company’s approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Company’s reputation.
Typically, the Company ensures that it has sufficient cash on demand to meet expected operational expenses for a period of twelve months, including through operations and financial support from our Controlling Shareholder, financial institutions, and investors. We are continuing to focus on improving operational efficiency and cost reductions and enhancing efficiency, as well as servicing of financial obligations: this excludes the potential impact of extreme circumstances that cannot reasonably be predicted, such as natural disasters. Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon obtaining the necessary financing or negotiating the terms of the existing short-term liabilities to meet our current and future liquidity needs.
15. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Lease Commitments
We entered into operating leases for corporate offices in Hong Kong for terms of ranging from 2 to 3 years and a finance lease for an equipment for terms of 31 months. Our commitments for minimum lease payment under these operating lease and finance lease obligations as of March 31, 2024 are listed in section “Note 9 — RIGHT-OF-USE ASSETS AND LEASE LIABILITIES”.
Litigation
From time to time, we are involved in claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. Based on currently available information, we do not believe that the ultimate outcome of any unresolved matters, individually and in the aggregate, is reasonably possible to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties and our view of these matters may change in the future. We record a liability when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. We review the need for any such liabilities on a regular basis.
F-63
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
16. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company evaluated all events and transactions that occurred after March 31, 2024 up through November 21, 2024, which is the date that these consolidated financial statements are available to be issued, there were no other any material subsequent events that require disclosure in these consolidated financial statements other than disclosed below.
Subsequent to March 31, 2024, the Company completed the Reorganization as detailed in Note 1.
On April 30, 2024 and June 18, 2024, the Company purchased three-months short-term principal guaranteed bonds issued by Bank of China (Hong Kong) Limited with principal amounts of approximately US$600,119 (“First Bond” and US$789,456 (“Second Bond”) at an effective interest rate of 5.25% and 5.3% per annum, respectively.
Upon the maturity of the First Bond on July 30, 2024, the Company withdrew from Bank of China (Hong Kong) Limited and purchase another bond issued by Bank of Communications Co. Ltd. with principal amount of approximately US$592,430 at an effective interest rate of 5.1% per annum.
17. PARENT ONLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The following presents condensed parent company only financial information of Charming Medical Limited.
Condensed balance sheets
|
As of March 31, |
||||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
|||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
|||||
|
Non-current assets: |
|
|
||||
|
Investment in a subsidiary |
500 |
|
500 |
|
||
|
Deferred offering cost |
26,834 |
|
— |
|
||
|
Total non-current assets |
27,334 |
|
500 |
|
||
|
TOTAL ASSETS |
27,334 |
|
500 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY |
|
|
||||
|
Current liabilities: |
|
|
||||
|
Accruals |
276,834 |
|
— |
|
||
|
Amount due to a subsidiary |
500 |
|
500 |
|
||
|
Total current liabilities |
277,334 |
|
500 |
|
||
|
TOTAL LIABILITIES |
277,334 |
|
500 |
|
||
|
|
|
|||||
|
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15) |
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|||||
|
Shareholders’ deficit |
|
|
||||
|
Class B Ordinary shares, US$0.0001 par value, 15,000,000 shares authorized, and 2,000,000 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively* |
200 |
|
200 |
|
||
|
Class A Ordinary shares, US$0.0001 par value, 60,000,000 shares authorized, and 13,338,000 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively* |
1,334 |
|
1,334 |
|
||
|
Subscription receivables |
(1,534 |
) |
(1,534 |
) |
||
|
Accumulated losses |
(250,000 |
) |
— |
|
||
|
Total shareholders’ deficit |
(250,000 |
) |
— |
|
||
|
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT |
27,334 |
|
500 |
|
||
____________
* The shares and per share data are presented on a retroactive basis to reflect the reorganization (Notes 1 and 11).
F-64
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
17. PARENT ONLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (cont.)
Condensed statements of loss
|
Years ended March 31, |
|||||
|
2024 |
2023 |
||||
|
US$ |
US$ |
||||
|
OPERATING EXPENSES |
|
||||
|
Professional expenses |
(250,000 |
) |
— |
||
|
LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAX EXPENSES |
(250,000 |
) |
— |
||
|
Income tax expenses |
— |
|
— |
||
|
NET LOSS |
(250,000 |
) |
— |
||
(i) Basis of presentation
The Company was incorporated under the laws of the British Virgin Islands as an exempted company with limited liability on February 28, 2024 and as a holding company.
On May 6, 2024, Beautylab was incorporated in the British Virgin Islands as a limited liability company. On May 6, 2024, 50,000 share was allotted and issued to the Company, following which Beautylab is wholly-owned by the Company. The investment in subsidiary stated at cost of investment in Beautylab.
My Beauty, Dream International, Pilate and Choliya (collectively “Hong Kong Subsidiaries”), limited liability incorporated in Hong Kong on July 14, 2016, March 14, 2017, September 19, 2019 and March 7, 2021, are operating entities in Hong Kong, are directly or indirectly owned by Beautylab.
The condensed parent company financial information of the Company has been prepared using the same accounting policies as set out in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
The condensed parent-company-only financial statements are presented as if the incorporation of the Company and its subsidiaries had taken place on April 1, 2022 and throughout the two-year periods ended March 31, 2024.
In the condensed parent-company-only financial statements, the Company’s investment in Beautylab is stated at cost included in condensed statements of loss. These condensed parent-company-only financial statements should be read in connection with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto.
No statements of cash flows have been presented as the Company has no cash transaction and no cash flows between the Company and its operating subsidiaries for both years.
(ii) Restricted Net Assets
Schedule I of Rule 5-04 of Regulation S-X requires the condensed financial information of registrant shall be filed when the restricted net assets of consolidated subsidiaries exceed 25 percent of consolidated net assets as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal year. For purposes of the above test, restricted net assets of consolidated subsidiaries shall mean that amount of the registrant’s proportionate share of net assets of consolidated subsidiaries (after intercompany eliminations) which as of the end of the most recent fiscal year may not be transferred to the parent company by subsidiaries in the form of loans, advances or cash dividends without the consent of a third party (i.e., lender, regulatory agency, foreign government, etc.).
The condensed parent company financial statements have to be prepared in accordance with Rule 12-04, Schedule I of Regulation S-X if the restricted net assets of the subsidiaries of Charming Medical Limited exceed 25% of the consolidated net assets of Charming Medical Limited. Whilst the restricted net assets of the subsidiaries of Charming Medical Limited does not exceed 25% of the consolidated net assets of Charming Medical Limited, the above condensed parent company only financial information of Charming Medical Limited is presented for the supplementary reference.
As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no material contingencies, significant provisions of long-term obligations, mandatory dividend or redemption requirements of redeemable stocks or guarantees of the Company, except for those which have been separately disclosed in the Consolidated Financial Statements, if any.
F-65
1,600,000 Class A Ordinary Shares
Charming Medical Limited
–––––––––––––––––––––––––
PROSPECTUS
–––––––––––––––––––––––––

, 2025
Until and including , 2025 (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers that buy, sell or trade our Class A Ordinary Shares, whether or not participating in this Offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the obligation of dealers to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.
PART II — INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN THE PROSPECTUS
Item 6. Indemnification of Directors and Officers
Section 132 of the BVI Act provides that subject to the memorandum or articles of association of a company, the company may indemnify against all expenses, including legal fees, and against all judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and reasonably incurred in connection with legal, administrative or investigative proceedings any person who (a) is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed proceedings, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that the person is or was a director of the company, or (b) is or was, at the request of the company, serving as a director of, or in any other capacity is or was acting for, another body corporate or a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, provided that the said person had acted honestly and in good faith and in what he believed to be in the best interests of the company and, in the case of criminal proceedings, the person had no reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful. Any indemnity given in breach of the foregoing proviso is void and of no effect.
Under our post-offering memorandum and articles of association, we shall indemnify against all expenses, including legal fees, and against all judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and reasonably incurred in connection with legal, administrative or investigative proceedings for any person who:
• is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed proceedings, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that the person is or was our director; or
• is or was, at our request, serving as a director or officer of, or in any other capacity is or was acting for, another company or a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise.
These indemnities only apply if the person acted honestly and in good faith with a view to our best interests and, in the case of criminal proceedings, the person had no reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.
The underwriting agreement, the form of which will be filed as Exhibit 1.1 to this registration statement, provides for indemnification by the underwriters of us and our officers and directors for certain liabilities, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act, but only to the extent that such liabilities are caused by information relating to the underwriters furnished to us in writing expressly for use in this registration statement and certain other disclosure documents.
We intend to maintain insurance in relation to any of our directors or officers against any liability asserted against the directors or officers and incurred by the directors or officers in that capacity.
Item 7. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
On September 19, 2024, Ms. Kit Wong, the director and sole shareholder of the Company, transferred a total of 1,725 shares, representing 19.40% of issued shares, to five shareholders pursuant to the exemptions from registration under Rule 901 of Regulation S and Section 4(a)(2) under the Securities Act.
On November 1, 2024, Ms. Wong transferred a total of 400,140 Class A Ordinary Shares, representing 3% of issued Class A Ordinary Shares to a pre-IPO investor for a consideration of US$1,300,000. These shares were issued in reliance on the exemption under Section 4(a)(2) and/or Regulation S of the Securities Act.
Reclassification and Forward Share Split
On October 18, 2024, the shareholders and director of the Company resolved and approved a redesignation and reclassification of shares and share split at a ratio of 1-to-1,500, as a result of which the Company’s authorized shares were changed to 75,000,000 shares with a par value of US$0.0001, divided as 60,000,000 class A ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.0001 per share and 15,000,000 class B ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.0001 per share. All ordinary shares and per ordinary share amount used elsewhere in this prospectus and the consolidated financial statements have been retroactively restated to reflect the share split.
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Issuance of Class B Ordinary Shares
On November 1, 2024, the sole director of the Company resolved and approved the allotment and issuance of 2,000,000 class B ordinary shares with par value of US$0.0001 each to Ms. Wong.
We believe that each of the issuances and transfers above was exempt from registration under the Securities Act in reliance on Regulation D under the Securities Act or pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act regarding transactions not involving a public offering or in reliance on Regulation S under the Securities Act regarding sales by an issuer in offshore transactions. No underwriters were involved in these issuances of securities.
Item 8. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
(a) The following documents are filed as part of this registration statement:
See the Exhibit Index attached to this registration statement, which is incorporated by reference herein.
(b) Financial Statement Schedules
Schedules have been omitted because the information required to be set forth therein is not applicable or has been included in the combined financial statements or notes thereto.
Exhibit Index
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Exhibit No. |
Description |
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1.1* |
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3.1* |
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5.1* |
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8.1* |
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8.2* |
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10.1† |
Employment Agreement by and between the Registrant and Kit Wong |
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10.2† |
Employment Agreement by and between the Registrant and Ching Man Cheung |
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10.3† |
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14.1† |
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14.2† |
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14.3† |
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15.1* |
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21.1† |
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23.1* |
Consent of WWC, P.C., Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
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23.2* |
Consent of Harney Westwood & Riegels, BVI Counsel to the Registrant (included in Exhibit 5.1) |
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23.3* |
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23.4† |
Consent of East & Concord Partners, PRC legal advisor to the Registrant |
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99.1† |
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99.2† |
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99.3† |
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99.4† |
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99.5† |
Consent of Josephine Yan Yeung, Independent Director Nominee |
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99.6† |
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99.7† |
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99.8* |
Opinion of Fairbairn Catley Low & Kong, regarding certain Hong Kong law matters |
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99.9* |
Request for Waiver and Representation under Item 8.A.4 of Form 20-F |
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107† |
____________
* Filed herein
** To be filed via amendment
† Previously filed
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Item 9. Undertakings.
(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
(i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;
(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of this registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment hereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in this registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated firm commitment offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and
(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in this registration statement or any material change to such information in this registration statement;
(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.
(4) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:
(i) If the Registrant is relying on Rule 430B (§230.430B of this chapter):
(A) Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and
(B) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date; or
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(ii) If the Registrant is subject to Rule 430C, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.
(5) That, for the purpose of determining liability of the Registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, the undersigned Registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:
(i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;
(ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned Registrant;
(iii) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and
(iv) Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser
(6) To file a post-effective amendment to the registration statement to include any financial statements required by item 8.A. of Form 20-F at the start of any delayed offering or throughout a continuous offering. Financial statements and information otherwise required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Act need not be furnished, provided, that the Registrant includes in the prospectus, by means of a post-effective amendment, financial statements required pursuant to this paragraph (a)(4) and other information necessary to ensure that all other information in the prospectus is at least as current as the date of those financial statements.
(7) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant under Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.
(8) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(b) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in such Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-1 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Hong Kong on May 27, 2025.
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By: |
/s/ Kit Wong |
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Chief Executive Officer, Director, and Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive Officer) |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
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Name |
Title |
Date |
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/s/ Kit Wong |
Chief Executive Officer, Director, and Chairman of the Board |
May 27, 2025 |
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Kit Wong |
(Principal Executive Officer) |
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/s/ Ching Man Cheung |
Chief Financial Officer |
May 27, 2025 |
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Ching Man Cheung |
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
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SIGNATURE OF AUTHORIZED AGENT IN THE UNITED STATES
Pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933 as amended, the undersigned, the duly authorized agent in the United States of America, has signed this registration statement thereto in New York, NY on May 27, 2025.
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COGENCY GLOBAL INC. |
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By: |
/s/ Colleen A. De Vries |
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Name: |
Colleen A. De Vries |
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Title: |
Senior Vice President of Cogency Global Inc. |
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on behalf of Cogency Global Inc. |
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Exhibit 1.1
UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT
between
CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED
and
CATHAY SECURITIES INC.,
as Representative of the Several Underwriters
Charming Medical Limited
Underwriting Agreement
New York, New York
[●], 2025
Cathay Securities Inc.
as Representative of the several Underwriters named on Schedule 1
40 Wall Street, Suite 3600
New York, NY 10005
Ladies and Gentlemen:
The undersigned, CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED, a company formed under the laws of the British Virgin Islands (the “Company”), hereby confirms its agreement (this “Agreement”) with CATHAY SECURITIES INC., a FINRA Member firm (hereinafter referred to as the “Representative”), and with the other underwriters, if any, named on Schedule 1 hereto for which the Representative is acting as representative (the Representative and such other underwriters being collectively called the “Underwriters” or, individually, an “Underwriter”) as follows:
1. Purchase and Sale of Shares.
1.1 Firm Shares.
1.1.1. Purchase of Firm Shares.
(i) On the basis of the representations and warranties herein contained, but subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Company agrees to issue and sell to the several Underwriters, an aggregate of [●] (the “Firm Shares”) of the Company’s Class A ordinary shares, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Ordinary Shares”), and each Underwriter agrees to purchase, severally and not jointly, on the Closing Date (as defined below in Section 1.1.2(i)), the Firm Shares. The offering and sale of the Firm Shares (including, for avoidance of doubt, any Option Shares (as defined below in Section 1.2.1), if any) being herein referred to as the “Offering.”
(ii) The Underwriters, severally and not jointly, agree to purchase from the Company the number of Firm Shares set forth opposite their respective names on Schedule 1 attached hereto and made a part hereof at a purchase price of $[●] per Firm Share (93.0% of the per Firm Share public offering price) (the “Purchase Price”). The Firm Shares are to be offered initially to the public at the offering price set forth on the cover page of the Prospectus (as defined in Section 2.1.1).
1.1.2. Firm Shares Payment and Delivery.
(i) Delivery and payment for the Firm Shares shall be made no later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the first (1st) Business Day following the commencement of trading of the Shares, or at such earlier time as shall be agreed upon by the Representative and the Company, at the offices of Kaufman & Canoles, P.C., 1021 East Cary Street, Suite 1400, Richmond, VA 23219 (“Representative’s Counsel”), or at such other place (or remotely by facsimile or other electronic transmission) as shall be agreed upon by the Representative and the Company. The hour and date of delivery and payment for the Firm Shares is called the “Closing Date.”
(ii) Payment for the Firm Shares shall be made on the Closing Date by wire transfer in federal (same day) funds, payable to the order of the Company upon delivery of the certificates (in form and substance satisfactory to the Underwriters) representing the Firm Shares (or through the facilities of the Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) or via a Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian (“DWAC”) transfer)) for the account of the Underwriters. The Firm Shares shall be registered in such name or names and in such authorized denominations as the Representative may request in writing at least one (1) full Business Day (as defined below) prior to the Closing Date. The Company shall not be obligated to sell or deliver the Firm Shares except upon tender of payment by the Representative for all of the Firm Shares. The term “Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or a legal holiday in the United States, or a day on which banking institutions are authorized or obligated by law to close in New York, New York.
1.2. Over-allotment Option.
1.2.1. Option Shares. For the purposes of covering any over-allotments in connection with the distribution and sale of the Firm Shares, the Company hereby grants to the Underwriters an option (the “Over-allotment Option”) to purchase, in the aggregate, up to [●] additional Ordinary Shares (the “Option Shares”, and along with the Firm Shares, the “Shares”), representing fifteen percent (15%) of the Firm Shares sold in the offering, from the Company. The purchase price to be paid per Option Share shall be equal to the Purchase Price per share set forth in Section 1.1.1. The Shares shall be issued directly by the Company and shall have the rights and privileges described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus referred to in Section 2.1.1 below.
1.2.2. Exercise of Over-allotment Option. The Over-allotment Option granted pursuant to Section 1.2.1 hereof may be exercised by the Representative as to all (at any time) or any part (from time to time) of the Option Shares within forty-five (45) days after the effective date (the “Effective Date”) of the Company’s registration statement on Form F-1. The Underwriters shall not be under any obligation to purchase any of the Option Shares prior to the exercise of the Over-allotment Option. The Over-allotment Option granted hereby may be exercised by the giving of written notice to the Company from the Representative by overnight mail or email or facsimile or other electronic transmission (the “Option Notice”), setting forth the number of the Option Shares to be purchased and the date and time for delivery of and payment for the Option Shares (the “Option Closing Date”), which shall not be earlier than one (1) full Business Day nor later than five (5) full Business Days after the date of the Option Notice or such other time as shall be agreed upon by the Company and the Representative, at the offices of Representative’s Counsel, or at such other place (including remotely by facsimile or other electronic transmission) as shall be agreed upon by the Company and the Representative. If such delivery and payment for the Option Shares does not occur on the Closing Date, the Option Closing Date will be as set forth in the Option Notice. Upon exercise of the Over-allotment Option with respect to all or any portion of the Option Shares subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, (i) the Company shall become obligated to sell to the Underwriters the number of the Option Shares specified in the Option Notice and (ii) each of the Underwriters, acting severally and not jointly, shall purchase that portion of the total number of the Option Shares then being purchased as set forth in Schedule 1 hereto opposite the name of such Underwriter.
1.2.3. Option Shares Payment and Delivery. Payment for the Option Shares shall be made on the Option Closing Date by wire transfer in federal (same day) funds, payable to the order of the Company upon delivery to the Representative of certificates (in form and substance satisfactory to the Underwriters) representing the Option Shares (or through the facilities of DTC or via DWAC transfer) for the account of the Underwriters. The Option Shares shall be registered in such name or names and in such authorized denominations as the Representative may request in writing at least two (2) full Business Days prior to the Option Closing Date. The Company shall not be obligated to sell or deliver the Option Shares except upon tender of payment by the Representative for applicable Option Shares.
2. Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company represents and warrants to the Underwriters as of the Applicable Time (as defined below), as of the Closing Date and as of the Option Closing Date, if any, as follows:
2.1. Filing of Registration Statement.
2.1.1. Pursuant to the Securities Act. The Company has filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) a registration statement, and any amendment or amendments thereto, on Form F-1 (File No. 287258), including any related prospectus or prospectuses, for the registration of the Shares under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), which registration statement and amendment or amendments have been prepared by the Company in all material respects in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission under the Securities Act (the “Securities Act Regulations”) and, as of the Effective Date thereof and the Closing Date, will contain all material statements that are required to be stated therein in accordance with the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations. Except as the context may otherwise require, such registration statement, as amended, on file with the Commission at the time the registration statement became effective (including the Preliminary Prospectus included in the registration statement, financial statements, schedules, exhibits and all other documents filed as a part thereof and all information deemed to be a part thereof as of the Effective Date pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 430A of the Securities Act Regulations (the “Rule 430A Information”)), is referred to herein as the “Registration Statement.” If the Company files any registration statement pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act Regulations, then after such filing, the term “Registration Statement” shall include such registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b). The Registration Statement has been declared effective by the Commission as of the date hereof.
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Each prospectus used prior to the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, and each prospectus that omitted the Rule 430A Information that was used after such effectiveness and prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, is herein called a “Preliminary Prospectus.” The Preliminary Prospectus, subject to completion, dated [●], 2025, that was included in the Registration Statement immediately prior to the Applicable Time (as defined below) is hereinafter called the “Pricing Prospectus.” The final prospectus in the form first furnished to the Underwriters for use in the Offering is hereinafter called the “Prospectus.” Any reference to the “most recent Preliminary Prospectus” shall be deemed to refer to the latest Preliminary Prospectus included in the Registration Statement.
“Applicable Time” means [●] p.m., Eastern Time, on the date of this Agreement.
“Issuer Free Writing Prospectus” means any “issuer free writing prospectus,” as defined in Rule 433 of the Securities Act Regulations (“Rule 433”), including without limitation any “free writing prospectus” (as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act Regulations) relating to the Shares that is (i) required to be filed with the Commission by the Company, (ii) a “road show that is a written communication” within the meaning of Rule 433(d)(8)(i), whether or not required to be filed with the Commission, or (iii) exempt from filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 433(d)(5)(i) because it contains a description of the Shares or of the Offering that does not reflect the final terms, in each case in the form filed or required to be filed with the Commission or, if not required to be filed, in the form retained in the Company’s records pursuant to Rule 433(g).
“Issuer General Use Free Writing Prospectus” means any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus that is intended for general distribution to prospective investors (other than a “bona fide electronic road show,” as defined in Rule 433 (the “Bona Fide Electronic Road Show”)), as evidenced by its being specified in Schedule 2-B hereto.
“Issuer Limited Use Free Writing Prospectus” means any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus that is not an Issuer General Use Free Writing Prospectus.
“Pricing Disclosure Package” means any Issuer General Use Free Writing Prospectus issued at or prior to the Applicable Time, the Pricing Prospectus and the information included on Schedule 2-A hereto, all considered together.
2.1.2. Pursuant to the Exchange Act. The Company has filed with the Commission a Form 8-A (File Number 001-[●]) providing for the registration pursuant to Section 12(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), of the Ordinary Shares. The registration of the Ordinary Shares under the Exchange Act has been declared effective by the Commission on or prior to the date hereof. The Company has taken no action designed to, or likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Ordinary Shares under the Exchange Act, nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating such registration.
2.2. Stock Exchange Listing. The Ordinary Shares have been approved for listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market (the “Exchange”), subject only to official notice of issuance, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or likely to have the effect of, delisting of the Ordinary Shares from the Exchange, nor has the Company received any notification that the Exchange is contemplating terminating such listing, except as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.
2.3. No Stop Orders, etc. Neither the Commission nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any state regulatory authority has issued any order preventing or suspending the use of the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus or has instituted or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened to institute, any proceedings with respect to such an order. The Company has complied with each request (if any) from the Commission for additional information.
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2.4. Disclosures in Registration Statement.
2.4.1. Compliance with Securities Act and 10b-5 Representation.
(i) Each of the Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, at the time it became effective, complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations. Each Preliminary Prospectus, including the prospectus filed as part of the Registration Statement as originally filed or as part of any amendment or supplement thereto, and the Prospectus, at the time each was filed with the Commission, complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations. Each Preliminary Prospectus delivered to the Underwriters for use in connection with this Offering and the Prospectus was or will be identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to the Commission’s EDGAR filing system (“EDGAR”), except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T promulgated under the Securities Act (“Regulation S-T”).
(ii) Neither the Registration Statement nor any amendment thereto, at its effective date, as of the Applicable Time, on the Closing Date or on any Option Closing Date (if any), contained, contains or will contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted, omits or will omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that this foregoing representation and warranty shall not apply to statements made or statements omitted in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company with respect to the Underwriters by the Representative expressly for use in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus or the Prospectus or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto. The parties acknowledge and agree that such information provided by or on behalf of any Underwriter consists solely of the disclosure contained in the “Underwriting” section of the Prospectus (the “Underwriters’ Information”).
(iii) The Pricing Disclosure Package, as of the Applicable Time, on the Closing Date, or on any Option Closing Date (if any), did not, does not, and will not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and each Issuer Limited Use Free Writing Prospectus hereto does not conflict in any material respect with the information contained in the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus or the Prospectus, and each such Issuer Limited Use Free Writing Prospectus, as supplemented by and taken together with the Pricing Prospectus as of the Applicable Time, did not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that the foregoing representation and warranty shall not apply to the Underwriters’ Information.
(iv) Neither the Prospectus nor any amendment or supplement thereto (including any prospectus wrapper), as of its issue date, at the time of any filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) and at the Closing Date, or at any Option Closing Date (if any), included, includes or will include an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted, omits or will omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that the foregoing representation and warranty shall not apply to the Underwriters’ Information.
2.4.2. Disclosure of Agreements. The agreements and documents described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus conform in all material respects to the descriptions thereof contained therein and there are no agreements or other documents required by the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations to be described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus or to be filed with the Commission as exhibits to the Registration Statement, that have not been so described or filed. Each agreement or other instrument (however characterized or described) to which the Company is a party or by which it is or may be bound or affected and (i) that is referred to in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, and (ii) is material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries (as defined below) taken as a whole, has been duly authorized and validly executed by the Company and/or its Subsidiaries, is in full force and effect in all material respects and is enforceable against the Company and/or its Subsidiaries and, to the Company’s knowledge, the other parties thereto, in accordance with its terms, except (w) for such agreements or instruments the enforceability of which would not reasonably be expected to result, individually or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Change (as defined in Section 2.5.1), (x) as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally, (y) as enforceability of any indemnification or contribution provision may be limited under the federal and state securities laws, and (z) that the remedy of specific performance and injunctive and other forms of equitable relief may be subject to the equitable defenses and to the discretion of the court before which any proceeding therefor may be brought. Except as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, none of such agreements or instruments has been assigned by the Company and/or its Subsidiaries, and neither the Company and/or its Subsidiaries nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any other party is in material default thereunder and, to the Company’s knowledge, no event has occurred that, with the lapse of time or the giving of notice, or both, would constitute a material default thereunder. To the best of the Company’s knowledge, performance by the Company and/or its Subsidiaries of the material provisions of such agreements or instruments will not result in a violation of any existing applicable law, rule, regulation, judgment, order or decree of any governmental or regulatory agency, authority, body, entity or court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company and/or its Subsidiaries or any of its/their assets or businesses (each, a “Governmental Entity”), including, without limitation, those relating to environmental laws and regulations, except such violations which, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to result, individually or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Change as defined in Section 2.5.1 below.
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2.4.3. Prior Securities Transactions. No securities of the Company have been sold by the Company or by or on behalf of, or for the benefit of, any person or persons controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Company, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Preliminary Prospectus.
2.4.4. Regulations. The disclosures in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus concerning the effects of federal, state, local and all foreign laws, rules and regulations relating to the Offering and the Company’s business as currently conducted or contemplated are correct and complete in all material respects and no other such laws, rules or regulations are required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus which are not so disclosed.
2.4.5. No Other Distribution of Offering Materials. The Company has not, directly or indirectly, distributed and will not distribute any offering material in connection with the Offering, other than any Preliminary Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, the Prospectus and other materials, if any, permitted under the Securities Act and consistent with Section 3.2 below.
2.5 Changes After Dates in Registration Statement.
2.5.1. No Material Adverse Change. Since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, except as otherwise specifically stated therein: (i) there has been no material adverse change in the financial position or results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries (as defined in Section 2.8 below) taken as a whole, nor to the Company’s knowledge any change or development that, singularly or in the aggregate, would involve a material adverse change in or affecting the condition (financial or otherwise), results of operations, business, assets or prospects of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole (a “Material Adverse Change”); (ii) there have been no material transactions entered into by the Company or its Subsidiaries, other than as contemplated pursuant to this Agreement; and (iii) no executive officer or director of the Company has resigned from any position with the Company.
2.5.2. Recent Securities Transactions, etc. Subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, and except as may otherwise be indicated or contemplated herein or disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company has not: (i) issued any securities or incurred any liability or obligation, direct or contingent, for borrowed money; or (ii) declared or paid any dividend or made any other distribution on or in respect to its capital stock.
2.6 Disclosures in Commission Filings. None of the Company’s filings with, or other documents furnished to, the Commission contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that this foregoing representation and warranty shall not apply to statements made or statements omitted in reliance upon and in conformity with the Underwriters’ Information. The Company has made all filings with the Commission required under the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder (the “Exchange Act Regulations”).
2.7 Independent Accountants. To the knowledge of the Company, WWC, P.C., an independent registered public accounting firm (the “Auditor”), whose report is filed with the Commission as part of the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, is an independent registered public accounting firm as required by the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. The Auditor has not, during the periods covered by the financial statements included in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, provided to the Company any non-audit services, as such term is used in Section 10A(g) of the Exchange Act.
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2.8 Financial Statements, etc. The financial statements, including the notes thereto and supporting schedules, if any, included in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, fairly present in all material respects the financial position and the results of operations of the Company at the dates and for the periods stated therein; and such financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), consistently applied throughout the periods involved (provided that unaudited interim financial statements are subject to year-end audit adjustments that are not expected to be material in the aggregate and do not contain all footnotes required by GAAP); and the supporting schedules, if any, included in the Registration Statement present fairly in all material respects the information required to be stated therein. Except as included therein, no historical or pro forma financial statements are required to be included in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus under the Securities Act or the Securities Act Regulations. The pro forma and pro forma as adjusted financial information and the related notes, if any, included in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus have been properly compiled and prepared in all material respects in accordance with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations and present fairly in all material respects the information shown therein, and the assumptions used in the preparation thereof are reasonable and the adjustments used therein are appropriate to give effect to the transactions and circumstances referred to therein. All disclosures contained in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus regarding “non-GAAP financial measures” (as such term is defined by the rules and regulations of the Commission), if any, comply in all material respects with Regulation G of the Exchange Act and Item 10 of Regulation S-K of the Securities Act, to the extent applicable. Each of the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus discloses all material off-balance sheet transactions, arrangements, obligations (including contingent obligations), and other relationships of the Company with unconsolidated entities or other persons that may have a material current or future effect on the Company’s financial condition, changes in financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures, capital resources, or significant components of revenues or expenses. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, (a) since the date of the last balance sheet included in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, neither the Company nor any of its direct and indirect subsidiaries, including each of the entities disclosed or described as subsidiaries of the Company in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (each, a “Subsidiary” and, collectively, the “Subsidiaries”), has incurred any material liabilities or obligations, direct or contingent, or entered into any material transactions other than in the ordinary course of business, (b) the Company has not declared or paid any dividends or made any distribution of any kind with respect to its Ordinary Shares or other capital stock (if any), (c) there has not been any change in the capital of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or, other than in the ordinary course of business, any grants made under any stock compensation plan, and (d) there has not been any Material Adverse Change in the Company’s long-term or short-term debt. The Company represents that it has no direct or indirect Subsidiaries other than those listed in Exhibit 21.1 to the Registration Statement.
2.9 Authorized Capital; Options, etc. The Company had, at the date or dates indicated in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the duly authorized, issued and outstanding capitalization as set forth therein. Based on the assumptions stated in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company will have on the Closing Date or on the Option Closing Date, as the case may be, the adjusted capitalization set forth therein. Except as set forth in, or contemplated by, the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, on the Effective Date, as of the Applicable Time and on the Closing Date or at any Option Closing Date, there will be no options, warrants, or other rights to purchase or otherwise acquire any authorized, but unissued Ordinary Shares of the Company or any security convertible or exercisable into Ordinary Shares of the Company, or any contracts or commitments to issue or sell Ordinary Shares or any such options, warrants, rights or convertible securities.
2.10 Valid Issuance of Securities, etc.
2.10.1. Outstanding Securities. All issued and outstanding securities of the Company issued prior to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable; the holders thereof have no contractual rights of rescission or the ability to force the Company to repurchase such securities with respect thereto, and are not subject to personal liability by reason of being such holders; and none of such securities were issued in violation of the preemptive rights or rights of first refusal or rights of participation of any holders of any security of the Company or similar contractual rights granted by the Company within the applicable and enforceable timeframe of such rights. The authorized Ordinary Shares and any other securities outstanding or to be outstanding upon consummation of the Offering conform in all material respects to all statements relating thereto contained in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. The offers and sales of the outstanding Ordinary Shares, options, warrants and other rights to purchase or exchange such securities for Ordinary Shares were at all relevant times either registered under the Securities Act and the applicable state securities or “blue sky” laws or, based in part on the representations and warranties of the purchasers of such Ordinary Shares, exempt from such registration requirements. The description of the Company’s stock option, stock bonus and other stock plans or arrangements, and the options or other rights granted thereunder, as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, if any, accurately and fairly present, in all material respects, the information required to be shown with respect to such plans, arrangements, options and rights.
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2.10.2. Securities Sold Pursuant to this Agreement. The Shares have been duly authorized for issuance and sale and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable; the holders thereof are not and will not be subject to personal liability by reason of being such holders; the Shares are not and will not be subject to the preemptive rights of any holders of any security of the Company or similar contractual rights granted by the Company; and all corporate action required to be taken for the authorization, issuance and sale of the Shares has been duly and validly taken. The Shares conform in all material respects to all statements with respect thereto contained in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.
2.11 Registration Rights of Third Parties. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, no holders of any securities of the Company or any options, warrants, rights or other securities exercisable for or convertible or exchangeable into securities of the Company have the right to require the Company to register any such securities of the Company under the Securities Act or to include any such securities in the Registration Statement or any other registration statements to be filed by the Company.
2.12 Validity and Binding Effect of Agreements. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement has been duly and validly authorized by the Company, and, when executed and delivered, will constitute, the valid and binding agreements of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except: (i) as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally; (ii) as enforceability of any indemnification or contribution provision may be limited under the federal and state securities laws; and (iii) that the remedy of specific performance and injunctive and other forms of equitable relief may be subject to the equitable defenses and to the discretion of the court before which any proceeding therefor may be brought.
2.13 No Conflicts, etc. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and all ancillary documents, the consummation by the Company of the transactions herein and therein contemplated and the compliance by the Company with the terms hereof and thereof do not and will not, with or without the giving of notice or the lapse of time or both: (i) result in a breach of, or conflict with, in any material respect, any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute a material default under, or result in the creation, modification, termination or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company pursuant to the terms of any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or as to which any property of the Company is a party, except breaches, conflicts or defaults that would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change; (ii) result in any violation of the provisions of the Company’s Memorandum and Articles of Association (as the same may be amended or restated from time to time, the “Charter”); or (iii) violate in any material respect any existing applicable law, rule, regulation, judgment, order or decree of any Governmental Entity having jurisdiction over the Company as of the date hereof.
2.14 No Defaults; Violations. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, no material default exists in the due performance and observance of any term, covenant or condition of any material license, contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, note, loan or credit agreement, or any other agreement or instrument evidencing an obligation for borrowed money, or any other material agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which the Company may be bound or to which any of the properties or assets of the Company is subject. The Company is not, (i) in violation of any term or provision of its Charter, or (ii) to its knowledge, after reasonable investigation, in violation of any franchise, license, permit, applicable law, rule, regulation, judgment, or decree of any Governmental Entity, except in the case of clause (ii) for such violations that would not be reasonably expected to result in, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Change.
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2.15 Corporate Power; Licenses; Consents.
2.15.1. Conduct of Business. Except as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company has all requisite corporate power and authority, and has all necessary consents, authorizations, approvals, licenses, certificates, clearances, permits and orders and supplements and amendments thereto (collectively, “Authorizations”) of and from all Governmental Entities that it needs as of the date hereof to conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, except where such failure to have such Authorizations would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.
2.15.2. Transactions Contemplated Herein. The Company has all corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to carry out the provisions and conditions hereof, and all Authorizations required in connection therewith have been obtained. No Authorization of, and no filing with, any Governmental Entity or other body is required for the valid issuance, sale and delivery of the Shares and the consummation of the transactions and agreements contemplated by this Agreement and as contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, except with respect to applicable federal and state securities or blue-sky laws, the rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC, and the rules and regulations of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”).
2.16 D&O Questionnaires. To the Company’s knowledge, all information contained in the questionnaires (the “Questionnaires”) completed by each of the Company’s directors, executive officers, control persons, or nominees or appointees for director or executive officer prior to the Offering (the “Insiders”) as supplemented by all information concerning the Insiders as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, as well as in the Lock-Up Agreement (as defined below), provided to the Representative and its counsel, is true and correct in all material respects and the Company has not become aware of any information which would cause the information disclosed in the Questionnaires to become materially inaccurate and incorrect.
2.17 Litigation; Governmental Proceedings. There is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry, arbitration, investigation, litigation or governmental proceeding pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened against, or involving the Company or any Subsidiary or, to the Company’s knowledge, any executive officer or director of the Company or any Subsidiary and their respective affiliates, that is required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus or in connection with the Company’s listing application for the listing of the Shares on the Exchange, which, individually or in aggregate, would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.
2.18 Good Standing. The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a company and is in good standing under the laws of the British Virgin Islands as of the date hereof, and is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing as a foreign company in each other jurisdiction in which its ownership or lease of property or the conduct of business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, singularly or in the aggregate, would not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.
2.19 Insurance. Charming Medical Limited and each of its operating subsidiaries — Pilate International Trading Limited, My Beauty Technology Limited, Dream International Trading (Hong Kong) Limited, and Choliya Limited (collectively, the “Operating Subsidiaries”) carry or are entitled to the benefits of insurance in accordance with industry practice in such amounts and covering such risks which the Company and the Operating Subsidiaries believe are reasonably adequate, as is customary for companies engaged in similar business in similar industries in Hong Kong SAR and any other applicable jurisdictions, and to the Company’s knowledge, all such insurance is in full force and effect. The Company has no reason to believe that the Operating Subsidiaries will not be able (i) to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such policies expire or (ii) to obtain comparable coverage from similar institutions as may be necessary or appropriate to conduct its business as now conducted and at a cost that would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.
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2.20 Transactions Affecting Disclosure to FINRA.
2.20.1. No Finder’s Fees or Payments to FINRA-Affiliated Persons.
Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Prospectus, or in writing to the Representative:
(a) neither the Company nor any of the Insiders has entered into any agreement, arrangement, or understanding for the payment of any finder’s fee, consulting fee, or origination fee in connection with the sale of the Shares hereunder, nor has the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, any shareholder entered into any such agreement or arrangement that would affect the Underwriters’ compensation as determined by FINRA; and
(b) the Company has not, within the twelve (12) months prior to the Effective Date, made any direct or indirect payments (in cash, securities, or otherwise) in connection with the Offering to (i) any person as a finder’s fee, consulting fee, or otherwise for raising capital or making introductions to the Company of persons who raised or provide capital to the Company, (ii) any person or entity that has any direct or indirect affiliation or association with any FINRA member, other than the payment to the Underwriters in connection with the Offering.
2.20.2. Use of Proceeds. None of the net proceeds of the Offering will be paid by the Company to any participating FINRA member or its affiliates, except as specifically authorized herein.
2.20.3. FINRA Affiliation. There is no (i) officer or director of the Company, (ii) beneficial owner of 10% or more of any class of the Company’s securities or (iii) to the Company’s knowledge, beneficial owner of the Company’s unregistered equity securities who acquired any equity securities of the Company during the 180-day period immediately preceding the filing of the Registration Statement that is an affiliate or associated person of a FINRA member participating in the Offering (as determined in accordance with the rules and regulations of FINRA).
2.20.4. Information. All information provided by the Company in its FINRA questionnaire to Representative Counsel specifically for use by Representative’s Counsel in connection with its Public Offering System filings (and related disclosure) with FINRA is true, correct and complete in all material respects.
2.21 Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. None of the Company and its Subsidiaries or, to the Company’s knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company and its Subsidiaries or any other person acting on behalf of, and with authority from, the Company and its Subsidiaries, has, directly or indirectly, given or agreed to give any money, gift or similar benefit (other than legal price concessions to customers in the ordinary course of business) to any customer, supplier, employee or agent of a customer or supplier, or official or employee of any Governmental Entity (domestic or foreign) or any political party or candidate for office (domestic or foreign) or other person who was, is, or may be in a position to help or hinder the business of the Company (or assist it in connection with any actual or proposed transaction) that might subject the Company to any damage or penalty in any civil, criminal or governmental litigation or proceeding. The Company has taken reasonable steps to ensure that its accounting controls and procedures are sufficient to cause the Company to comply in all material respects with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, or any other applicable anti-corruption, anti-bribery or related law, rule or regulation.
2.22 Compliance with OFAC. None of the Company and its Subsidiaries or, to the Company’s knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company and its Subsidiaries or any other person acting on behalf of, and with authority from, the Company and its Subsidiaries, is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury (“OFAC”), and the Company will not, directly or indirectly, use the proceeds of the Offering hereunder, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other person or entity, for the purpose of financing the activities of any person currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC.
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2.23 Money Laundering Laws. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance in all material respects with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, the money laundering statutes of all applicable jurisdictions, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any Governmental Entity (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”); and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any Governmental Entity involving the Company with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened.
2.24 Officers’ Certificate. Any certificate signed by any duly authorized officer of the Company and delivered to the Representative or to Representative’s Counsel on the Closing Date or on the Option Closing Date shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Company to the Underwriters as to the matters covered thereby.
2.25 Lock-Up Agreements. Schedule 3 hereto contains a complete and accurate list of the Company’s officers, directors and each holders of more than 5% of the Company’s outstanding Ordinary Shares (or securities convertible or exercisable into Ordinary Shares) as of the Effective Date (collectively, the “Lock-Up Parties”). The Company has caused each of the Lock-Up Parties to deliver to the Representative an executed Lock-Up Agreement, in a form substantially similar to that attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Lock-Up Agreement”), simultaneously with or prior to the execution of this Agreement.
2.26 Subsidiaries. All direct and indirect Subsidiaries of the Company are duly organized and in good standing under the laws of the place of organization or incorporation, and each Subsidiary is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which its ownership or lease of property or the conduct of business requires such qualification, except where the failure to qualify would not be reasonably expected to have Material Adverse Change. The Company’s ownership and control of each Subsidiary is as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.
2.27 Related Party Transactions. There are no business relationships or related party transactions involving the Company or any other person required by the rules and regulations of the Commission to be described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus that have not been described as required.
2.28 Board of Directors. The Board of Directors of the Company will on the Effective Date be comprised of the persons set forth under the section of the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus titled “Management.” The qualifications of the persons serving as board members and the overall composition of the board comply with the Exchange Act, and rules and regulations promulgated under the Exchange Act (the “Exchange Act Regulations”), the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules promulgated thereunder (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”) applicable to the Company and the listing rules of the Exchange. At least one member of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert,” as such term is defined under Regulation S-K and the listing rules of the Exchange.
2.29 Sarbanes-Oxley Compliance.
2.29.1. Disclosure Controls. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company has developed and currently maintains disclosure controls and procedures that will comply in all material respects with Rule 13a-15 or 15d-15 under the Exchange Act Regulations, and such controls and procedures are effective to ensure that all material information concerning the Company will be made known on a timely basis to the individuals responsible for the preparation of the Company’s Exchange Act filings and other public disclosure documents.
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2.29.2. Compliance. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company is and at the Applicable Time and on the Closing Date will be, in material compliance with the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act applicable to it, and has implemented or will implement such programs and has taken or will take reasonable steps to ensure the Company’s future compliance (not later than the relevant statutory and regulatory deadlines therefor) with all of the material provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
2.30 Accounting Controls. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company maintains systems of “internal control over financial reporting” (as defined under Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act Regulations) that comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Exchange Act and have been designed by, or under the supervision of, its respective principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP, including, but not limited to, internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company is not aware of any material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting, and, if applicable, with respect to such remedial actions disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company represents that it has taken all remedial actions set forth in such disclosure prior to the Company’s listing. The Company’s auditors and the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company have been advised of: (i) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses, if any, in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are known to the Company’s management and that have adversely affected or are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’ ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (ii) any fraud known to the Company’s management, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.
2.31 No Investment Company Status. The Company is not and, after giving effect to the Offering and the application of the proceeds thereof as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, will not be, required to register as an “investment company,” as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
2.32 No Labor Disputes. No labor dispute with the employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent.
2.33 Intellectual Property Rights. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries owns or possesses or has valid rights to use all patents, patent applications, trademarks, service marks, trade names, trademark registrations, service mark registrations, copyrights, licenses, inventions, trade secrets and similar rights (“Intellectual Property Rights”) described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and necessary for the conduct of the business of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries as currently carried on and as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. To the knowledge of the Company, no action or use by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries necessary for the conduct of its business as currently carried on and as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus will involve or give rise to any infringement of, or license or similar fees for, any Intellectual Property Rights of others. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice alleging any such infringement, fee or conflict with asserted Intellectual Property Rights of others. Except as would not reasonably be expected to result, individually or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Change, (A) to the knowledge of the Company, there is no infringement, misappropriation or violation by third parties of any of the Intellectual Property Rights owned by the Company; (B) there is no pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the rights of the Company in or to any Intellectual Property Rights, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim, that would, individually or in the aggregate, together with any other claims in this Section 2.33, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change; (C) the Intellectual Property Rights owned by the Company and, to the knowledge of the Company, the Intellectual Property Rights licensed to the Company, if any, have not been adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction invalid or unenforceable, in whole or in part, and there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the validity or scope of any such Intellectual Property Rights, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim that would, individually or in the aggregate, together with any other claims in this Section 2.33, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change; (D) there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others that the Company infringes, misappropriates or otherwise violates any Intellectual Property Rights or other proprietary rights of others, the Company has not received any written notice of such claim and the Company is unaware of any other facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim that would, individually or in the aggregate, together with any other claims referred to in this Section 2.33, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change; and (E) to the Company’s knowledge, no employee of the Company is in or has ever been in violation in any material respect of any term of any employment contract, patent disclosure agreement, invention assignment agreement, non-competition agreement, non-solicitation agreement, nondisclosure agreement or any restrictive covenant to or with a former employer where the basis of such violation relates to such employee’s employment with the Company, or actions undertaken by the employee while employed with the Company and could reasonably be expected to result, individually or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Change. To the Company’s knowledge, all material technical information developed by and belonging to the Company which has not been patented has been kept confidential. The Company is not a party to or bound by any options, licenses or agreements with respect to the Intellectual Property Rights of any other person or entity that are required to be set forth in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and are not described therein. The Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus contain in all material respects the same description of the matters set forth in the preceding sentence. None of the technology employed by the Company has been obtained or is knowingly being used by the Company in violation of any contractual obligation binding on the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, any of its officers, directors or employees, or otherwise in violation of the rights of any persons.
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2.34 Taxes. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has filed all returns (as hereinafter defined) required to be filed with taxing authorities prior to the date hereof or has duly obtained extensions of time for the filing thereof. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has paid all taxes (as hereinafter defined) shown as due on such returns that were filed and has paid all taxes imposed on or assessed against the Company or such respective Subsidiary except for any such taxes that are currently being contested in good faith or as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change. The provisions for taxes payable, if any, shown on the financial statements filed with or as part of the Registration Statement are, to the Company’s knowledge and belief, sufficient for all accrued and unpaid taxes, whether or not disputed, and for all periods to and including the dates of such consolidated financial statements. Except as disclosed in writing to the Underwriters, (i) no issues have been raised (and are currently pending) by any taxing authority in connection with any of the returns or taxes asserted as due from the Company or its Subsidiaries, and (ii) no waivers of statutes of limitation with respect to the returns or collection of taxes have been given by or requested from the Company or its Subsidiaries. To the Company’s knowledge, there are no tax liens against the assets, properties or business of the Company or its Subsidiaries. The term “taxes” means all federal, state, local, foreign and other net income, gross income, gross receipts, sales, use, ad valorem, transfer, franchise, profits, license, lease, service, service use, withholding, payroll, employment, excise, severance, stamp, occupation, premium, property, windfall profits, customs, duties or other taxes, fees, assessments or charges of any kind whatever, together with any interest and any penalties, additions to tax or additional amounts with respect thereto. The term “returns” means all returns, declarations, reports, statements and other documents required to be filed in respect to taxes.
2.35 ERISA Compliance. The Company is not subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and the regulations and published interpretations thereunder
2.36 Compliance with Laws. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries: (A) is and at all times has been in compliance with all statutes, rules, or regulations applicable to the business of the Company as currently conducted (“Applicable Laws”), except to the extent that, individually or in the aggregate, such non-compliance would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Change; (B) has not received any warning letter, untitled letter or other correspondence or written (email, electronic or otherwise) notice from any Governmental Entity alleging or asserting noncompliance with any Applicable Laws or any Authorizations; (C) possesses all material Authorizations and such material Authorizations are valid and in full force and effect and are not in material violation of any term of any such Authorizations; (D) has not received notice of any claim, action, suit, proceeding, hearing, enforcement, investigation, arbitration or other action from any Governmental Entity or third party alleging that any activity conducted by the Company is in violation of any Applicable Laws or Authorizations and has no knowledge that any such Governmental Entity or third party is considering any such claim, litigation, arbitration, action, suit, investigation or proceeding; (E) has not received notice that any Governmental Entity has taken, is taking or intends to take action to limit, suspend, modify or revoke any Authorizations and has no knowledge that any such Governmental Entity is considering such action; and (F) has filed, obtained, maintained or submitted all material reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments as required by any Applicable Laws or Authorizations and that all such reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments that were to the Company’s knowledge, complete and correct in all material respects on the date filed (or were corrected or supplemented by a subsequent submission); provided however, that the foregoing qualifier with respect to the Company’s knowledge shall not in any way apply to the Charter or Registration Statement or any information provided therein or relating thereto, or limit the obligations or liabilities of the Company under the Registration Statement and, further provided that nothing in this Section 2.36 shall be deemed to limit or revise in any way the representations of the Company under Article II hereof generally, Section 2.4 above and Section 5 or of this Agreement or any other representation made herein relating to its Charter or authority to do business in any jurisdiction and compliance.
2.37 Emerging Growth Company. From the time of the initial submission of the Registration Statement to the Commission (or, if earlier, the first date on which the Company engaged directly in or through any person authorized to act on its behalf in any Testing-the-Waters Communication (defined below)) through the date hereof, the Company has been and is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act (an “Emerging Growth Company”).
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2.38 “Testing-the-Waters Communication”, if any, means any oral or written communication with potential investors undertaken in reliance on Section 5(d) of the Securities Act. The Company has not (i) alone engaged in any Testing-the-Waters Communications, other than Testing-the-Waters Communications with the written consent of the Representative and with entities that are qualified institutional buyers within the meaning of Rule 144A under the Securities Act or institutions that are accredited investors within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act and (ii) authorized anyone other than the Representative to engage in Testing-the-Waters Communications. The Company confirms that the Representative has been authorized to act on its behalf in undertaking Testing-the-Waters Communications.
2.39 Environmental Laws. The Company has operated, in all material respects, in compliance with applicable foreign, federal, state and local rules, laws and regulations relating to its use, treatment, storage and disposal of hazardous or toxic substances or waste and protection of health and safety or the environment in the ordinary course of its businesses (the “Environmental Laws”). To the Company’s knowledge, there has been no storage, generation, transportation, handling, treatment, disposal, discharge, emission, or other release of any kind of hazardous or toxic substances or waste by, due to, or caused by the Company (or, to the Company’s knowledge, any other entity for whose acts or omissions the Company is or may otherwise be liable) upon any of the property now or previously owned or leased by the Company, or upon any other property, in violation of any law, statute, ordinance, rule, regulation, order, judgment, decree or permit or which would, under any law, statute, ordinance, rule (including rule of common law), regulation, order, judgment, decree or permit, give rise to any material liability, except for any violation or liability which would not have, singularly or in the aggregate with all such violations and liabilities, a Material Adverse Change. Further, to the Company’s knowledge, there has been no disposal, discharge, emission or other release of any reasonably expected kind onto such property or into the environment surrounding such property of any toxic or other hazardous substances with respect to which the Company has knowledge, except for any such disposal, discharge, emission, or other release of any kind which would not have, singularly or in the aggregate with all such discharges and other releases, a Material Adverse Change. In the ordinary course of business, the Company conducts periodic reviews of the effect of Environmental Laws on its business and assets, in the course of which it identifies and evaluates associated costs and liabilities (including, without limitation, any capital or operating expenditures required for clean-up, closure of properties or compliance with Environmental Laws or governmental permits issued thereunder, any related constraints on operating activities and any potential liabilities to third parties). On the basis of such reviews, the Company reasonably believes that such associated costs and liabilities would not, either singularly or in the aggregate, be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change.
2.40 Title to Property. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company and its Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to, or have valid rights to lease or otherwise use, all items of real or personal property which are material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, in each case, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, security interests, claims and defects that singly or in the aggregate, would not materially affect the value of such property and interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company or its Subsidiaries; and all of the leases and subleases material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, considered as one enterprise, and under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries holds properties described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, are in full force and effect, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any written notice of any material claim of any sort that has been asserted by anyone adverse to the rights of the Company or such Subsidiary under any of the leases or subleases mentioned above, or affecting or questioning the rights of the Company or any Subsidiary to the continued possession of the leased or subleased premises under any such lease or sublease.
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2.41 Contracts Affecting Capital. There are no transactions, arrangements or other relationships between and/or among the Company, any of its affiliates (as such term is defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act Regulations) and any unconsolidated entity, including, but not limited to, any structured finance, special purpose or limited purpose entity that would reasonably be expected to materially affect the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ liquidity or the availability of or requirements for their capital resources required to be described or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus which have not been described or incorporated by reference as required.
2.42 Loans to Directors or Officers. There are no outstanding loans, advances (except normal advances for business expenses in the ordinary course of business) or guarantees or indebtedness by the Company or its Subsidiaries to or for the benefit of any of the officers or directors of the Company, its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective family members, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.
2.43 Ineligible Issuer. At the time of filing the Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, on the Effective Date and at the time of any amendment thereto, at the earliest time thereafter that the Company or another offering participant made a bona fide offer (within the meaning of Rule 164(h)(2) of the Securities Act Regulations) of the Shares and at the Effective Date, the Company was not and is not an “ineligible issuer,” as defined in Rule 405, without taking account of any determination by the Commission pursuant to Rule 405 that it is not necessary that the Company be considered an ineligible issuer.
2.44 [Omitted]
2.45 Industry Data. The statistical and market-related data included in each of the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus are based on or derived from sources that the Company reasonably and in good faith believes are reliable and accurate or represent the Company’s good faith estimates that are made on the basis of data derived from such sources.
2.46 Electronic Road Show. The Company has made available a Bona Fide Electronic Road Show in compliance with Rule 433(d)(8)(ii) of the Securities Act Regulations such that no filing of any “road show” (as defined in Rule 433(h) of the Securities Act Regulations) is required in connection with the Offering.
2.47 Margin Securities. The Company owns no “margin securities” as that term is defined in Regulation U of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve Board”), and none of the proceeds of Offering will be used, directly or indirectly, for the purpose of purchasing or carrying any margin security, for the purpose of reducing or retiring any indebtedness which was originally incurred to purchase or carry any margin security or for any other purpose which might cause any of the Ordinary Shares to be considered a “purpose credit” within the meanings of Regulation T, U or X of the Federal Reserve Board.
2.48 Dividends and Distributions. Except as disclosed in the Pricing Disclosure Package, Registration Statement and the Prospectus, no Subsidiary of the Company is currently prohibited or restricted, directly or indirectly, from paying any dividends to the Company, from making any other distribution on such Subsidiary’s capital stock, from repaying to the Company any loans or advances to such Subsidiary from the Company or from transferring any of such Subsidiary’s property or assets to the Company or any other Subsidiary of the Company, in each case, to the extent that such prohibition or restriction would have a material effect on the Company.
2.49 Forward-Looking Statements. No forward-looking statement (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act) contained in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus has been made or reaffirmed without a reasonable basis or has been disclosed other than in good faith.
2.50 Integration. Neither the Company nor any of its affiliates, nor any person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause the Offering to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of the Securities Act that would require the registration of any such securities under the Securities Act.
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2.51 Confidentiality and Non-Competitions. To the Company’s knowledge, no director, officer, key employee of the Company or any Subsidiary is subject to any confidentiality, non-disclosure, non-competition agreement or non-solicitation agreement with any employer, other than the Company, or prior employer that could reasonably be expected to materially affect his or her ability to be and act in his or her respective capacity of the Company or such Subsidiary or be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.
2.52 Corporate Records. The minute books of the Company have been made available to the Representative and Representative’s Counsel and such books (i) contain minutes of all material meetings and actions of the Board of Directors (including each board committee) and shareholders of the Company in connection with the Offering, and (ii) reflect all material transactions referred to in such minutes.
2.53 Diligence Materials. The Company has provided to the Representative and Representative’s Counsel all materials required or necessary to respond in all material respects to the diligence request submitted in writing to the Company by the Representative.
2.54 Stabilization. Neither the Company nor, to its knowledge, any of its employees, directors or shareholders (without the consent of the Representative) has taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that has constituted or that might reasonably be expected to cause or result in, under Regulation M of the Exchange Act, or otherwise, stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares.
3. Covenants of the Company. The Company covenants and agrees as follows:
3.1 Amendments to Registration Statement. The Company shall deliver to the Representative, prior to filing, any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or Prospectus proposed to be filed after the Effective Date and not file any such amendment or supplement to which the Representative shall reasonably object in writing.
3.2 Federal Securities Laws.
3.2.1. Compliance. The Company, subject to Section 3.2.2, shall comply in all material respects with the requirements of Rule 430A of the Securities Act Regulations, and will notify the Representative promptly, and confirm the notice in writing, (i) when any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement shall become effective or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus shall have been filed; (ii) of the receipt of any comments from the Commission relating to the Prospectus or the Offering; (iii) of any request by the Commission for any amendment to the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus or for additional information; (iv) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment or of any order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus, or of the suspension of the qualification of the Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or of the initiation or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatening of any proceedings for any of such purposes or of any examination pursuant to Section 8(d) or 8(e) of the Securities Act concerning the Registration Statement and (v) if the Company becomes the subject of a proceeding under Section 8A of the Securities Act in connection with the Offering of the Shares. The Company shall effect all filings required under Rule 424(b) of the Securities Act Regulations, in the manner and within the time period required by Rule 424(b) (without reliance on Rule 424(b)(8)), and shall take such steps as it deems necessary to ascertain promptly whether the form of prospectus transmitted for filing under Rule 424(b) was received for filing by the Commission and, in the event that it was not, it will promptly file such prospectus. The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to prevent the issuance of any stop order, prevention or suspension and, if any such order is issued, to obtain the lifting thereof at the earliest possible moment.
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3.2.2. Continued Compliance. The Company shall comply in all material respects with the Securities Act, the Securities Act Regulations, the Exchange Act and the Exchange Act Regulations so as to permit the completion of the distribution of the Shares as contemplated in this Agreement and in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. If at any time when a prospectus relating to the Shares is (or, but for the exception afforded by Rule 172 of the Securities Act Regulations (“Rule 172”), would be) required by the Securities Act to be delivered in connection with sales of the Shares, any event shall occur or condition shall exist as a result of which it is necessary, in the opinion of Representative’s Counsel, or for the Company, to (i) amend the Registration Statement in order that the Registration Statement will not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; (ii) amend or supplement the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus in order that the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, as the case may be, will not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading in light of the circumstances existing at the time it is delivered to a purchaser or (iii) amend the Registration Statement or amend or supplement the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, as the case may be, in order to comply with the requirements of the Securities Act or the Securities Act Regulations, the Company will promptly (A) give the Representative notice of such event; (B) prepare any amendment or supplement as may be necessary to correct such statement or omission or to make the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus comply with such requirements and, a reasonable amount of time prior to any proposed filing or use, furnish the Representative with copies of any such amendment or supplement and (C) file with the Commission any such amendment or supplement; provided that the Company shall not file or use any such amendment or supplement to which the Representative or Representative’s Counsel shall reasonably object. The Company will furnish to the Underwriters such number of copies of such amendment or supplement as the Underwriters may reasonably request. The Company has given the Representative notice of any filings made pursuant to the Exchange Act or the Exchange Act Regulations within two (2) full Business Days prior to the Applicable Time. The Company shall give the Representative notice of its intention to make any such filing from the Applicable Time until the Closing Date and the exercise in full or expiration of the Over-allotment Option specified in Section 1.2 hereof and will furnish the Representative with copies of the related document(s) a reasonable amount of time prior to such proposed filing, as the case may be, and will not file or use any such document to which the Representative or Representative’s Counsel shall reasonably object.
3.2.3. Exchange Act Registration. For a period of two (2) years after the date of this Agreement, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to maintain the registration of the Ordinary Shares under the Exchange Act, and the Company shall not deregister any of the Ordinary Shares under the Exchange Act without the prior written consent of the Representative.
3.2.4. Free Writing Prospectuses. The Company agrees that, unless it obtains the prior written consent of the Representative, it shall not make any offer relating to the Shares that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or that would otherwise constitute a “free writing prospectus,” or a portion thereof, required to be filed by the Company with the Commission or retained by the Company under Rule 433; provided that the Representative shall be deemed to have consented to each Issuer General Use Free Writing Prospectus set forth in Schedule 2-B, if any. The Company represents that it has treated or agrees that it will treat each such free writing prospectus consented to, or deemed consented to, by the Representative as an “issuer free writing prospectus,” as defined in Rule 433, and that it has complied and will comply with the applicable requirements of Rule 433 with respect thereto, including timely filing with the Commission where required, legending and record keeping. If at any time following issuance of an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus there occurred or occurs an event or development as a result of which such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus conflicted or would conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement or included or would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or would omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances existing at that subsequent time, not misleading, the Company will promptly notify the Representative and will promptly amend or supplement, at its own expense, such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus to eliminate or correct such conflict, untrue statement or omission.
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3.2.5 Testing-the-Waters Communications. If at any time following the distribution of any Testing-the-Waters Communication that is a written communication within the meaning of Rule 405 of the Securities Act Regulations (a “Written Testing-the-Waters Communication”) there occurred or occurs an event or development as a result of which such Written Testing-the-Waters Communication included or would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or would omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances existing at that subsequent time, not misleading, the Company shall promptly notify the Representative and shall promptly amend or supplement, at its own expense, such Written Testing-the-Waters Communication to eliminate or correct such untrue statement or omission.
3.3 Delivery to the Underwriters of Registration Statements. The Company has delivered or made available or shall deliver or make available to the Representative and Representative’s Counsel, without charge, signed copies of the Registration Statement as originally filed and each amendment thereto (including exhibits filed therewith), and will also deliver to each Underwriter, without charge, a conformed copy of the Registration Statement as originally filed and each amendment thereto (without exhibits) upon receipt of a written request therefor from such Underwriter. The copies of the Registration Statement and each amendment thereto furnished to the Underwriters will be identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T.
3.4 Delivery to the Underwriters of Prospectuses. The Company has delivered or made available or will deliver or make available to each Underwriter, without charge, as many copies of each Preliminary Prospectus as such Underwriter reasonably requested, and the Company hereby consents to the use of such copies for purposes permitted by the Securities Act. The Company will furnish each Underwriter, without charge, during the period when a prospectus relating to the Shares is (or, but for the exception afforded by Rule 172 of the Securities Act Regulations, would be) required to be delivered under the Securities Act, such number of copies of the Prospectus (as amended or supplemented) as such Underwriter may reasonably request. The Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto furnished to the Underwriters will be identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T.
3.5 Effectiveness and Events Requiring Notice to the Representative. The Company shall promptly notify the Representative and confirm the notice in writing: (i) of the cessation of the effectiveness of the Registration Statement and any amendment thereto; (ii) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order or of the initiation, or the threatening, of any proceeding for that purpose; (iii) of the issuance by any state securities commission of any proceedings for the suspension of the qualification of the Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction or of the initiation, or the threatening, of any proceeding for that purpose; (iv) of the mailing and delivery to the Commission for filing of any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or Prospectus; (v) of the receipt of any comments or request for any additional information from the Commission; and (vi) of the happening of any event during the period described in this Section 3.5 that makes any statement of a material fact made in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus untrue or that requires the making of any changes (a) in the Registration Statement in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, or (b) in the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. If the Commission or any state securities commission shall enter a stop order or suspend such qualification at any time, the Company shall make best efforts to obtain promptly the lifting of such order.
3.6 Review of Financial Statements. For a period of two (2) years after the date of this Agreement, the Company, at its expense, shall cause its regularly engaged independent registered public accounting firm to review (but not audit) the Company’s financial statements for each quarterly or semi-annual interim period, as applicable, immediately preceding the announcement of any interim financial information.
3.7 Future Reports to the Underwriters. For two full years after the date of this Agreement, the Company will furnish, if not otherwise available on EDGAR, to the Representative (i) as soon as practicable after the end of each fiscal year, copies of the Annual Report of the Company containing the balance sheet of the Company as of the close of such fiscal year and statements of income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year then ended and the opinion thereon of the Company’s independent public or certified public accountants; (ii) as soon as practicable after the filing thereof, copies of each proxy statement, Annual Report on Form 20-F, quarterly financial statements using a Form 6-K or other report filed by the Company with the Commission; and (iii) as soon as available, copies of any report or communication of the Company mailed generally to holders of its share capital.
3.8 Listing. The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to maintain the listing of the Ordinary Shares on the Exchange for a period of two (2) years.
3.9 Financial Public Relations Firm. As of the Effective Date, the Company shall have retained a financial public relations firm reasonably acceptable to the Representative and the Company, which firm shall be experienced in assisting issuers in initial public offerings of securities and in their relations with their security holders.
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3.10 Reports to the Representative.
3.10.1. Periodic Reports, etc. The Company shall furnish or make available to the Representative, if not otherwise publicly available, copies of such financial statements and other periodic and special reports as the Company from time to time furnishes generally to holders of any class of its securities and also furnish to the Representative, as soon as practical, if not otherwise publicly available: (i) a copy of each periodic report the Company shall be required to file with the Commission under the Exchange Act and the Exchange Act Regulations; (ii) a copy of every press release and every news item and article with respect to the Company or its affairs which was released by the Company; (iii) a copy of each Form 6-K prepared and filed by the Company; (iv) a copy of each registration statement filed by the Company under the Securities Act; (v) a copy of each report or other communication furnished to its shareholders and (vi) such additional documents and information with respect to the Company and the affairs of any future subsidiaries of the Company as the Representative may from time to time reasonably request. Documents filed with the Commission pursuant to its EDGAR system or press releases shall be deemed to have been delivered to the Representative pursuant to this Section 3.10.1.
3.10.2. Transfer Agent; Transfer Sheets. For a period of two (2) years after the date of this Agreement, the Company shall retain a transfer agent and registrar acceptable to the Representative (the “Transfer Agent”) and shall furnish to the Representative at the Company’s sole cost and expense such transfer sheets of the Company’s securities as the Representative may reasonably request in writing, including the daily and monthly consolidated transfer sheets of the Transfer Agent, DTC and DWAC. [●] is acceptable to the Representative to act as Transfer Agent for the Ordinary Shares.
3.10.3 Trading Reports. For a period of two (2) years after the date of this Agreement, during such time as the Shares are listed on the Exchange, the Company shall provide to the Representative, at the Company’s expense, such reports published by the Exchange relating to price trading of the Shares, as the Representative shall reasonably request in writing.
3.11 Payment of Expenses
3.11.1. General Expenses Related to the Offering. The Company hereby agrees to pay on the Closing Date and on any Option Closing Date, to the extent not paid on the Closing Date, all expenses related to the Offering or otherwise incident to the performance of the obligations of the Company under this Agreement, for an aggregate amount of up to $250,000, including, but not limited to: all accountable fees and expenses incurred by the Underwriters in connection with the Offering, including “road show,” diligence, including directors’ and officers’ background check (but not UCC, judgment, litigation searches or background checks on the Company itself or its subsidiaries which shall be the obligation of the Company), and reasonable legal fees and disbursements for Representative’s Counsel, travel, preparation and production of the Offering documents, deal tracking software, printing and reproduction costs, accounting and other professional services and other out-of-pocket expenses, provided that any expense over $5,000 shall require prior written or email approval of the Company. For the sake of clarity, it is understood and agreed that the Company shall be responsible for the Representative’s external legal counsel costs and other actually incurred expenses detailed in this section irrespective of whether the Offering is consummated or not and any unearned portions of advances shall be refunded. Additionally, the Company has provided an expense advance to the Representative of $60,000 with an additional $40,000 paid upon the first public filing of the registration statement (together, the “Advance”) and other advances from time to time, which is included in the aggregate of $250,000 maximum fees and expenses set forth above. The Advance shall be applied towards out-of-pocket accountable expenses set forth herein and pursuant to Section 8.3 and any portion of the Advance shall be returned to the Company to the extent not actually incurred. The Company further agrees that, in addition to the expenses payable pursuant to this Section 3.11.1, on the Closing Date it shall pay to the Representative, by deduction from the net proceeds of the Offering contemplated herein, a non-accountable expense allowance equal to one percent (1.0%) of the gross proceeds received in the Offering. The Representative may deduct from the net proceeds of the Offering payable to the Company on the Closing Date the expenses set forth herein to be paid by the Company to the Underwriters.
3.12 Application of Net Proceeds. The Company shall apply the net proceeds from the Offering received by it in a manner consistent with the application thereof described under the caption “Use of Proceeds” in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.
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3.13 Delivery of Earnings Statements to Security Holders. The Company will timely file such reports pursuant to the Exchange Act as are necessary in order to make generally available to its security holders as soon as practicable an earnings statement (which need not be certified by an independent registered public accounting firm unless required by the Securities Act or the Securities Act Regulations, but which shall satisfy the provisions of Rule 158(a) under Section 11(a) of the Securities Act) covering a period of at least twelve (12) consecutive months following the date of this Agreement.
3.14 Stabilization. Neither the Company nor, to its knowledge, any of its employees, directors or shareholders has taken or shall take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that has constituted or that might reasonably be expected to cause or result in, under Regulation M of the Exchange Act, or otherwise, stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares.
3.15 Internal Controls. For a period of two (2) years after the date of this Agreement, the Company shall maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary in order to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP and to maintain accountability for assets; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.
3.16 Accountants. As of the date of this Agreement, the Company has retained an independent registered public accounting firm, as required by the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, reasonably acceptable to the Representative, and the Company shall continue to retain a nationally recognized independent registered public accounting firm for a period of two (2) years after the date of this Agreement. The Representative acknowledges that the Auditor is acceptable to the Representative.
3.17 FINRA. For a period of sixty (60) days from the Closing Date, the Company shall advise the Representative (who shall make an appropriate filing with FINRA) if it is or becomes aware that (i) any officer or director of the Company, (ii) any beneficial owner of 10% or more of any class of the Company’s securities or (iii) any beneficial owner of the Company’s unregistered equity securities which were acquired during the 180 days immediately preceding the filing of the Registration Statement is or becomes an affiliate or associated person of a FINRA member participating in the Offering (as determined in accordance with the rules and regulations of FINRA).
3.18 No Fiduciary Duties. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Underwriters’ responsibility to the Company is solely contractual in nature and that none of the Underwriters or their affiliates or any selling agent shall be deemed to be acting in a fiduciary capacity, or otherwise owes any fiduciary duty to the Company or any of its affiliates in connection with the Offering and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
3.19 Company Lock-Up Agreements.
3.19.1. Restriction on Sales of Capital Stock. (i) the Company’s directors, officers and holders of more than 5% of the Company’s securities (including warrants, options, convertible securities and Shares of the Company) shall enter into a customary “lock-up” agreement in favor of Cathay for a period of six (6) months, at least, starting from the Effective Date, and (ii) each of the Company, on behalf of itself and any successor entity, agrees that, without the prior written consent of the Representative, it will not, for a period of six (6) months from the closing of the Offering (the “Lock-Up Period”), (a) offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, change the terms of, or grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of capital stock of the Company or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Company except for the shares or options issued under the Company’s incentive plans; (b) file or cause to be filed any registration statement with the Commission relating to the offering of any shares of capital stock of the Company or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Company (other than pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-8 for employee benefit plans, with the understanding that any lock-up provided herein shall be complied with); or (c) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of capital stock of the Company, whether any such transaction described in clause (a), (b), or (c) above is to be settled by delivery of shares of capital stock of the Company or such other securities, in cash or otherwise.
The restrictions contained in this Section 3.18.1 shall not apply to (i) the Shares to be sold hereunder (ii) the issuance (but not registration) by the Company of Ordinary Shares upon the exercise of an outstanding stock option or warrant or the conversion of a security outstanding on the date hereof, of which the Representative has been advised in writing and, (iii) the issuance of Ordinary Shares pursuant to the Company’s existing stock option or bonus plans as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus , or (iv) the issuance of Ordinary Shares in connection with mergers, acquisitions, joint ventures, licensing arrangements or any other similar non-capital raising transactions.
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3.20 Release of D&O Lock-up Period. If the Representative, at its sole discretion, agrees to release or waive the restrictions set forth in the Lock-Up Agreements described in Section 2.25 for an officer or director of the Company and provides the Company with notice of the impending release or waiver at least three (3) Business Days before the effective date of the release or waiver, the Company agrees to announce the impending release or waiver by a press release substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto through a major news service at least two (2) Business Days before the effective date of the release or waiver.
3.21 Blue Sky Qualifications. The Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts, in cooperation with the Underwriters, if necessary, to qualify the Shares for offering and sale under the applicable securities laws of such states and other jurisdictions (domestic or foreign) as the Representative may designate and to maintain such qualifications in effect so long as required to complete the distribution of the Shares; provided, however, that the Company shall not be obligated to file any general consent to service of process or to qualify as a foreign company or as a dealer in securities in any jurisdiction in which it is not so qualified or to subject itself to taxation in respect of doing business in any jurisdiction in which it is not otherwise so subject.
3.22 Reporting Requirements. The Company, during the period when a prospectus relating to the Shares is (or, but for the exception afforded by Rule 172, would be) required to be delivered under the Securities Act, will file all documents required to be filed with the Commission pursuant to the Exchange Act within the time periods required by the Exchange Act and Exchange Act Regulations. Additionally, the Company shall report the use of proceeds from the issuance of the Shares as may be required under Rule 463 under the Securities Act Regulations.
3.23 Emerging Growth Company Status. The Company shall promptly notify the Representative if the Company ceases to be an Emerging Growth Company at any time prior to the later of (i) completion of the distribution of the Shares within the meaning of the Securities Act and (ii) fifteen (15) days following the completion of the Lock-Up Period.
3.24 Press Releases. Prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall not issue any press release or other communication directly or indirectly or hold any press conference with respect to the Company, its condition, financial or otherwise, or earnings, business affairs or business prospects (except for routine oral marketing communications in the ordinary course of business and consistent with the past practices of the Company and of which the Representative is notified), without the prior written consent of the Representative, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, unless in the judgment of the Company and its counsel, and after notification to the Representative, such press release or communication is required by law or requirement of Nasdaq.
3.25 Sarbanes-Oxley. For a period of two (2) years after the date of this Agreement, the Company shall at all times comply in all material respects with all applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in effect from time to time.
3.26 IRS Forms. If requested by the Representative, the Company shall deliver to each Underwriter (or its agent), prior to or at the Closing Date, a properly completed and executed Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) Form W-9 or an IRS Form W-8, as appropriate, together with all required attachments to such form.
3.27 [Omitted]
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4. Conditions of Underwriters’ Obligations. The obligations of the Underwriters to purchase and pay for the Shares, as provided herein, shall be subject to (i) the continuing accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Company as of the date hereof and as of each of the Closing Date and any Option Closing Date, if any; (ii) the accuracy of the statements of officers of the Company made pursuant to the provisions hereof; (iii) the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder; and (iv) the following conditions:
4.1 Regulatory Matters.
4.1.1. Effectiveness of Registration Statement; Rule 430A Information. The Registration Statement has become effective not later than 5:30 p.m., Eastern Time, on the date of this Agreement or such later date and time as shall be consented to in writing by the Representative, and, at the Closing Date and any Option Closing Date, no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto has been issued under the Securities Act, no order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus has been issued and no proceedings for any of those purposes have been instituted or are pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, contemplated by the Commission. The Company has complied with each request (if any) from the Commission for additional information. The Prospectus containing the Rule 430A Information shall have been filed with the Commission in the manner and within the time frame required by Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act Regulations (without reliance on Rule 424(b)(8)) or a post-effective amendment providing such information shall have been filed with, and declared effective by, the Commission in accordance with the requirements of Rule 430A under the Securities Act Regulations.
4.1.2. FINRA Clearance. On or before the date of this Agreement, the Representative shall have received clearance from FINRA as to the amount of compensation allowable or payable to the Underwriters as described in the Registration Statement.
4.1.3. Exchange Clearance. On the Closing Date, the Shares shall have been approved for listing on the Exchange, subject only to official notice of issuance.
4.2 Company Counsel Matters.
4.2.1. Closing Date Opinion of Counsels. On the Closing Date, the Representative shall have received:
(i) the favorable opinion and written statement providing for certain “10b-5” negative assurances of Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP (“Company Counsel”), U.S. securities counsel to the Company, dated the Closing Date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representative;
(ii) the favorable opinion of Harney Westwood & Riegels, British Virgin Islands counsel (“BVI Counsel”) to the Company, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representative; and
(iii) the favorable opinion of Fairbairn Catley Low & Kong, Hong Kong counsel to the Company (“HK Counsel”), in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representative.
The Representative shall rely on the opinions of (i) the Company’s BVI Counsel, filed as Exhibit 5.1 to the Registration Statement as to the due incorporation, validity of the Shares offered in the Offering and due authorization, execution and delivery of this or any other agreement relating to said offering and issuance, and (ii) the Company’s HK Counsel, filed as Exhibits 23.3 and 99.2 to the Registration Statement and, may rely on any other opinion or certification provided by the Company in the Registration Statement or exhibits.
4.2.2 Option Closing Date Opinion of Counsels. On the Option Closing Date, if any, the Representative shall have received the favorable opinions of Company Counsel, BVI Counsel, and HK Counsel dated the Option Closing Date, addressed to the Representative and in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representative, confirming as of the Option Closing Date, the statements made by such counsel in their opinions delivered on the Closing Date.
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4.3 Comfort Letters.
4.3.1. Cold Comfort Letter. At the time this Agreement is executed, the Representative shall have received a cold comfort letter from the Auditor containing statements and information of the type customarily included in accountants’ comfort letters with respect to the financial statements and certain financial information contained in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, addressed to the Representative and in form and substance satisfactory in all respects to the Representative and to Representative’s Counsel from the Auditor, dated as of the date of this Agreement.
4.3.2. Bring-down Comfort Letter. On the Closing Date and/or the Option Closing Date, if any, the Representative shall have received from the Auditor a letter, dated as of the Closing Date, to the effect that the Auditor reaffirms the statements made in the letter furnished pursuant to Section 4.3.1, except that the specified date referred to shall be a date not more than three (3) Business Days prior to the Closing Date or any Option Closing Date, as applicable.
4.4 Officers’ Certificates.
4.4.1. Officers’ Certificate. The Company shall have furnished to the Representative a certificate, dated the Closing Date and any Option Closing Date (if such date is other than the Closing Date), of its Chief Executive Officer or President, and its Chief Financial Officer stating on behalf of the Company and not in an individual capacity that (i) such officers have carefully examined the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and the Prospectus and, in their opinion, the Registration Statement and each amendment thereto after the Effective Date, as of the Applicable Time and as of the Closing Date (or any Option Closing Date if such date is other than the Closing Date) did not include any untrue statement of a material fact and did not omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, and the Pricing Disclosure Package, as of the Applicable Time and as of the Closing Date (or any Option Closing Date if such date is other than the Closing Date), any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus as of its date and as of the Closing Date (or any Option Closing Date if such date is other than the Closing Date), the Prospectus and each amendment or supplement thereto, as of the respective date thereof and as of the Closing Date, did not include any untrue statement of a material fact and did not omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, (ii) since the effective date of the Registration Statement, no event has occurred which should have been set forth in a supplement or amendment to the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, (iii) to the their knowledge after reasonable investigation, as of the Closing Date (or any Option Closing Date if such date is other than the Closing Date), the representations and warranties of the Company in this Agreement are true and correct and the Company has complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied hereunder at or prior to the Closing Date (or any Option Closing Date if such date is other than the Closing Date), and (iv) there has not been, subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Pricing Disclosure Package, any change or development that would be reasonably expected to cause a Material Adverse Change.
4.4.2. Secretary’s Certificate. At the Closing Date and any Option Closing Date, if any, the Representative shall have received a certificate of the Company signed by the Secretary or the Chief Financial Officer of the Company, dated the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as the case may be, respectively, certifying on behalf of the Company and not in an individual capacity: (i) that the Charter is true and complete, has not been modified and is in full force and effect; (ii) that the resolutions of the Company’s Board of Directors relating to the Offering are in full force and effect and have not been modified; (iii) as to the accuracy and completeness of all correspondence between the Company or its counsel and the Commission; and (iv) as to the incumbency of the officers of the Company. The documents referred to in such certificate shall be attached to such certificate.
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4.5 No Material Changes. Prior to and on the Closing Date and each Option Closing Date, if any: (i) there shall have been no Material Adverse Change in the condition or prospects or the business activities, financial or otherwise, of the Company from the latest dates as of which such condition is set forth in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus; (ii) no action, suit or proceeding, at law or in equity, shall have been pending or threatened against the Company or any Insider before or by any court or federal or state commission, board or other administrative agency wherein an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding may reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change, except as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus; (iii) no stop order shall have been issued under the Securities Act and no proceedings therefor shall have been initiated or threatened by the Commission; and (iv) the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto shall contain all material statements which are required to be stated therein in accordance with the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations and shall conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations, and neither the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package nor the Prospectus nor any amendment or supplement thereto shall contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
4.6 No Material Misstatement or Omission. The Underwriters shall not have discovered and disclosed to the Company on or prior to the Closing Date that the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement thereto contains an untrue statement of a fact which, in the reasonable opinion of Representative’s Counsel, is material or omits to state any fact which, in the reasonable opinion of such counsel, is material and is required to be stated therein or is necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, or that the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto contains an untrue statement of fact which, in the reasonable opinion of Representative’s Counsel, is material or omits to state any fact which, in the reasonable opinion of Representative’s Counsel, is material and is necessary in order to make the statements, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
4.7 Corporate Proceedings. All corporate proceedings and other legal matters incident to the authorization, form and validity of each of this Agreement, the Shares, the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, if any, and the Prospectus and all other legal matters relating to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby shall be reasonably satisfactory in all material respects to Representative’s Counsel, and the Company shall have furnished to such counsel all documents and information that they may reasonably request to enable them to pass upon such matters.
4.8 Delivery of Agreements.
4.8.1. Lock-Up Agreements. On or before the date of this Agreement, the Company shall have delivered to the Representative executed copies of the Lock-Up Agreements from each of the persons listed in Schedule 3 hereto.
4.9 Additional Documents. At the Closing Date and at each Option Closing Date (if any), Representative’s Counsel shall have been furnished with such documents and opinions as they may reasonably require upon written request therefor no later than five (5) Business Days prior to the Closing Date and any Option Closing Date, for the purpose of enabling Representative’s Counsel to deliver an opinion to the Underwriters, or in order to evidence the accuracy of any of the representations or warranties, or the fulfillment of any of the conditions, herein contained; and all proceedings taken by the Company in connection with the issuance and sale of the Shares, as herein contemplated shall be reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Representative and Representative’s Counsel.
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5. Indemnification.
5.1 Indemnification of the Underwriters.
5.1.1. General. Subject to the conditions set forth below, the Company shall indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter, its affiliates and each of its and their respective directors, officers, members, employees, representatives, partners, shareholders, affiliates, counsel and agents and each person, if any, who controls any such Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act (collectively the “Underwriter Indemnified Parties,” and each an “Underwriter Indemnified Party”), against any and all loss, liability (or actions, including shareholder actions, in respect thereof), claim, damage and expense whatsoever (including but not limited to any and all legal or other expenses reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever, whether arising out of any action between any of the Underwriter Indemnified Parties and the Company or between any of the Underwriter Indemnified Parties and any third party, or otherwise, and including any fines, fees, or penalties issued by the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC)) to which they or any of them may become subject under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or any other statute or at common law or otherwise or under the laws of foreign countries, arising out of or based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in (i) the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus (as from time to time each may be amended and supplemented); (ii) any materials or information provided to investors by, or with the approval of, the Company in connection with the marketing of the Offering, including any “road show” or investor presentations made to investors by the Company (whether in person or electronically); or (iii) any application or other document or written communication (in this Section 5, collectively called “application”) executed by the Company or based upon written information furnished by the Company in any jurisdiction in order to qualify the Shares under the securities laws thereof or filed with the Commission, any state securities commission or agency, the Exchange or any other national securities exchange; or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, unless such statement or omission was made in reliance upon, and in conformity with, the Underwriters’ Information. With respect to any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in the Pricing Disclosure Package, the indemnity agreement contained in this Section 5.1.1 shall not inure to the benefit of any Underwriter Indemnified Party to the extent that any loss, liability, claim, damage or expense of such Underwriter Indemnified Party results from the fact that a copy of the Prospectus was not given or sent to the person asserting any such loss, liability, claim or damage at or prior to the written confirmation of sale of the Shares to such person as required by the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations, and if the untrue statement or omission has been corrected in the Prospectus, unless such failure to deliver the Prospectus was a result of non-compliance by the Company with its obligations under Section 3.3. The Company will not be liable to any Underwriter Indemnified Party under the foregoing indemnification and reimbursement provisions: (i) for any settlement by an Underwriter Indemnified Party effected without the Company’s prior written consent (not to be unreasonably withheld); or (ii) to the extent that any loss, claim, damage or liability is found in a final, non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction to have resulted from the Underwriter Indemnified Party’s fraud, bad faith, willful misconduct, or gross negligence. The Company also agrees that no Underwriter Indemnified Party shall have any liability (whether direct or indirect, in contract or tort or otherwise) to the Company or its security holders or creditors related to or arising out of the engagement of the Underwriters pursuant to, or the performance by the Underwriters of the services contemplated by, this Agreement except to the extent that any loss, claim, damage or liability is found in a final, non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction to have resulted from such Underwriter Indemnified Party’s fraud, bad faith, willful misconduct, or gross negligence.
5.1.2. Procedure. If any action is brought against an Underwriter Indemnified Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought against the Company pursuant to Section 5.1.1, such Underwriter Indemnified Party shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the institution of such action and the Company shall be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it wishes, jointly with any other similarly notified indemnifying party, to assume the defense of such action, including the employment and fees of counsel (subject to the reasonable approval of such Underwriter Indemnified Party) and payment of actual expenses. Any failure or delay by an Underwriter Indemnified Party to give the notice referred to herein shall not affect such Underwriter Indemnified Party’s right to be indemnified hereunder, except to the extent that such failure or delay causes actual material harm to the Company, or materially prejudices its ability to defend such action, suit or proceeding on behalf of such Indemnified Party. If any such action is brought against any Underwriter Indemnified Party and such Underwriter Indemnified Party notifies the Company of the commencement thereof, the Company may elect to assume the defense thereof, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Underwriter Indemnified Party. After notice from the Company to the Underwriter Indemnified Party of its election to assume the defense of such action, the Company shall not be liable to the Underwriter Indemnified Party under Section 5.1.1 for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by the Underwriter Indemnified Party in connection with the defense of such action other than reasonable costs of investigation; provided, however, that such Underwriter Indemnified Party shall have the right to employ its or their own counsel in any such case, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Underwriter Indemnified Party unless (i) the employment of such counsel at the expense of the Company shall have been authorized in writing by the Company in connection with the defense of such action, or (ii) the Company shall not have employed counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Underwriter Indemnified Party to have charge of the defense of such action within a reasonable time after receiving notice of the action, suit, or proceeding, or (iii) such Underwriter Indemnified Party shall have reasonably concluded (based upon advice of counsel to such indemnified party) that there may be legal defenses available to it or them which are different from or additional to those available to the Company, or that there exists a conflict or potential conflict of interest (based upon advice of counsel to such indemnified party) between such Underwriter Indemnified Party and the Company that makes it impossible or inadvisable for counsel to the Company to conduct the defense of the Underwriter Indemnified Party (in which case the Company shall not have the right to direct the defense of such action on behalf of the Underwriter Indemnified Party), in any of which events the reasonable fees and expenses of not more than one additional firm of attorneys selected by the Underwriter Indemnified Parties who are party to such action (in addition to local counsel) shall be borne by the Company. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, if any Underwriter Indemnified Party shall assume the defense of such action as provided above, the Company shall have the right to approve the terms of any settlement of such action, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld. The Company shall not be liable for settlement of any pending or threatened action or any claim whatsoever that is effected without its written consent; provided, however, that if the Company does not consent, and the Underwriter Indemnified Party does not settle as a result of such withholding of consent, then the Company agrees unconditionally to assume any liabilities that are incurred as related to such rejection of settlement or withholding of consent.
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5.2 Indemnification of the Company. Each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, shall indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its directors, its officers who signed the Registration Statement and persons who control the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense described in the foregoing indemnity from the Company to the several Underwriters, as incurred, but only with respect to such losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses (or actions in respect thereof) which arise out of or are based upon untrue statements or omissions made in the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Disclosure Package or Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto or in any application, in reliance upon, and in conformity with, the Underwriters’ Information. In case any action shall be brought against the Company or any other person so indemnified based on any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto or any application, and in respect of which indemnity may be sought against any Underwriter, such Underwriter shall have the rights and duties given to the Company, and the Company and each other person so indemnified shall have the rights and duties given to the Underwriter Indemnified Parties by the provisions of Section 5.1.2. The Company agrees promptly to notify the Representative of the commencement of any litigation or proceedings against the Company or any of its officers, directors or any person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, in connection with the issuance and sale of the Shares or in connection with the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Prospectus, or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or any Written Testing-the-Waters Communication.
5.3 Contribution.
5.3.1. Contribution Rights. If the indemnification provided for in this Section 5 shall for any reason be unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party under Section 5.1 or 5.2 in respect of any loss, claim, damage or liability, or any action in respect thereof, referred to therein, then each indemnifying party shall, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified party, contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such loss, claim, damage or liability, or action in respect thereof, (i) in such proportion as shall be appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company, on the one hand, and each of the Underwriters, on the other hand, from the Offering, or (ii) if, but only if, the allocation provided by clause (i) above is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and the Underwriters, on the other, with respect to the statements or omissions that resulted in such loss, claim, damage or liability, or action in respect thereof, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company, on the one hand, and the Underwriters, on the other, with respect to such Offering shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds actually received by the Company from the Offering of the Shares purchased under this Agreement (before deducting expenses) received by the Company bear to the total underwriting discounts and commissions actually received by the Underwriters in connection with the Offering, in each case as set forth in the table on the cover page of the Prospectus. The relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and the Underwriters, on the other, shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company, on the one hand, or the Underwriters, on the other, and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such untrue statement, omission, act or failure to act; provided that the parties hereto agree that the written information furnished to the Company through the Representative by or on behalf of any Underwriter for use in any Preliminary Prospectus, any Registration Statement or the Prospectus, or in any amendment or supplement thereto, consists solely of the Underwriters’ Information. The Company and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contributions pursuant to this Section 5.3.1 were to be determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation that does not take into account the equitable considerations referred to herein. The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the loss, claim, damage, expense, liability, action, investigation or proceeding referred to above in this Section 5.3.1 shall be deemed to include, for purposes of this Section 5.3.1, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating, preparing to defend or defending against or appearing as a third party witness in respect of, or otherwise incurred in connection with, any such loss, claim, damage, expense, liability, action, investigation or proceeding. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 5.3.1, no Underwriters shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the total discount and commission received by such Underwriter in connection with the Offering (excluding reimbursable expenses) less the amount of any damages which such Underwriter has otherwise paid or becomes liable to pay by reason of any untrue or alleged untrue statement, omission or alleged omission, act or alleged act or failure to act or alleged failure to act. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.
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5.3.2. Contribution Procedure. Within fifteen (15) days after receipt by any party to this Agreement (or its representative) of notice of the commencement of any action, suit or proceeding, such party will, if a claim for contribution in respect thereof is to be made against another party (“contributing party”), notify the contributing party of the commencement thereof, but the failure to so notify the contributing party will not relieve it from any liability which it may have to any other party other than for contribution hereunder. In case any such action, suit or proceeding is brought against any party, and such party notifies a contributing party or its representative of the commencement thereof within the aforesaid 15 days, the contributing party will be entitled to participate therein with the notifying party and any other contributing party similarly notified. Any such contributing party shall not be liable to any party seeking contribution on account of any settlement of any claim, action or proceeding affected by such party seeking contribution without the written consent of such contributing party. The contribution provisions contained in this Section 5.3.2 are intended to supersede, to the extent permitted by law, any right to contribution under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or otherwise available. The Underwriters’ obligations to contribute as provided in this Section 5.3 are several and in proportion to their respective underwriting obligation, and not joint.
5.4. Survival & Third-Party Beneficiaries. The advancement, reimbursement, indemnity and contribution obligations set forth in this Section 5 shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any termination of, or the completion of any Underwriter Indemnified Party’s services under or in connection with, this Agreement. Each Underwriter Indemnified Party’s is an intended third-party beneficiary of this Section 5, and has the right to enforce the provisions of Section 5 as if he/she/it was a party to this Agreement.
6. Default by an Underwriter.
6.1. Default Not Exceeding 10% of Firm Shares or Option Shares. If any Underwriter or Underwriters shall default in its or their obligations to purchase the Firm Shares or the Option Shares, if and to the extent that the Over-allotment Option is exercised hereunder, and if the number of the Firm Shares or Option Shares with respect to which such default relates does not exceed in the aggregate 10% of the number of Firm Shares or Option Shares that all Underwriters have agreed to purchase hereunder, then such Firm Shares or Option Shares to which the default relates shall be purchased by the non-defaulting Underwriters in proportion to their respective commitments hereunder.
6.2 Default Exceeding 10% of Firm Shares or Option Shares. In the event that the default addressed in Section 6.1 relates to more than 10% of the Firm Shares or Option Shares, the Representative may at its discretion arrange for itself or for another party or parties to purchase such Firm Shares or Option Shares to which such default relates on the terms contained herein. If, within one (1) Business Day after such default relating to more than 10% of the Firm Shares or Option Shares, the Representative does not arrange for the purchase of such Firm Shares or Option Shares, then the Company shall be entitled to a further period of one (1) Business Day within which to procure another party or parties reasonably satisfactory to the Representative to purchase said Firm Shares or Option Shares on such terms. In the event that neither the Representative nor the Company arrange for the purchase of the Firm Shares or Option Shares to which a default relates as provided in this Section 6, this Agreement will automatically be terminated by the Representative or the Company without liability on the part of the Company (except as provided in Sections 3.10 and 5 hereof) or the several Underwriters (except as provided in Section 5 hereof); provided, however, that if such default occurs with respect to the Option Shares, this Agreement will not terminate as to the Firm Shares; and provided, further, that nothing herein shall relieve a defaulting Underwriter of its liability, if any, to the other Underwriters and to the Company for damages occasioned by its default hereunder. For the avoidance of doubt, nothing contained in this Section 6.2 shall excuse a default by the Representative (in its capacity as an Underwriter) in its obligations to purchase the Firm Shares.
6.3 Postponement of Closing Date. In the event that the Firm Shares or Option Shares to which the default relates are to be purchased by the non-defaulting Underwriters, or are to be purchased by another party or parties as aforesaid, the Representative or the Company shall have the right to postpone the Closing Date or any Option Closing Date for a reasonable period, but not in any event exceeding five (5) Business Days, in order to effect whatever changes may thereby be made necessary in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus or in any other documents and arrangements, and the Company agrees to file promptly any amendment to the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus that in the opinion of Representative’s Counsel may thereby be made necessary. The term “Underwriter” as used in this Agreement shall include any party substituted under this Section 6 with like effect as if it had originally been a party to this Agreement with respect to such Firm Shares or Option Shares.
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7. Additional Covenants.
7.1 Board Composition and Board Designations. The Company shall ensure that: (i) the qualifications of the persons serving as members of the Board of Directors and the overall composition of the Board of Directors comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Exchange Act and the listing rules of the Exchange or any other national securities exchange, as the case may be, in the event the Company seeks to have its Shares listed on another exchange or quoted on an automated quotation system, and (ii) if applicable, at least one member of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert,” as such term is defined under Regulation S-K and the listing rules of the Exchange.
7.2 Prohibition on Press Releases and Public Announcements. Except as required by law or rule of Nasdaq, the Company shall not issue press releases or engage in any other publicity, without the Representative’s prior written consent, for a period ending at 5:00 p.m., Eastern time, on the first (1st) Business Day following the fortieth (40th) day after the Closing Date, other than normal and customary releases issued in the ordinary course of the Company’s business.
7.3 Right of First Refusal. Provided that the Firm Shares are sold in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the Representative shall have an irrevocable right of first refusal (the “Right of First Refusal”), for a period of six (6) months from the closing of the Offering, to act as lead managing underwriter, placement agent, exclusive financial advisor or in any other similar capacity, at the Representative’s sole discretion, for each and every future public offering for capital raising purposes registered with Commission, or private financing including all equity linked financings (each, a “Subject Transaction”), during such six (6) months period, of the Company, or any successor to the Company, on terms and conditions customary for such Subject Transactions. For the avoidance of any doubt, the Company shall not retain, engage or solicit any additional investment banker, book-runner, financial advisor, underwriter and/or placement agent in a Subject Transaction during the six (6) months period referred to above without the express written consent of the Representative. The Company shall notify the Representative of its intention to pursue a Subject Transaction, including the material terms thereof, by providing written notice thereof by electronic mail or overnight courier service addressed to the Representative. If the Representative declines the terms of such Subject Transaction or fails to notify the Company of its intent to exercise its Right of First Refusal with respect to any Subject Transaction within fifteen (15) business days following notice in writing by the Company, then the Representative shall have no further claim or right with respect to the Subject Transaction. The Representative may elect, at its sole and absolute discretion, not to exercise its Right of First Refusal with respect to any Subject Transaction; provided that any such election, rejection, waiver or failure to respond or act, by the Representative shall not adversely affect the Representative’s Right of First Refusal with respect to any other Subject Transaction during the six (6) months period agreed to above. The terms and conditions of any such engagements shall be set forth in separate agreements and may be subject to, among other things, satisfactory completion of due diligence by the Representative, market conditions, the absence of a material adverse change to the Company’s business, financial condition and prospects, approval of the Representative’s internal committee and any other conditions that the Representative may deem appropriate for transactions of such nature. The Right of First Refusal granted in this Section 7.3 may be terminated by the Company for “Cause,” which shall include a non-performance of its services by the Representative of the Engagement Letter, dated October 10, 2024 (the “Engagement Letter”), by and between the Representative and the Company, or a material failure by the Representative to fulfill its obligations as contemplated by the Engagement Letter.
7.4 Tail Financing. In the event this Agreement is terminated pursuant to Section 8.2, the Representative shall be entitled to compensation at the percentage set forth in Schedule 2-A hereto with respect to any public or private offering or other financing or capital raising transaction of any kind (“Tail Financing”) to the extent that such financing or capital is provided to the Company by investors contacted or introduced to the Company by the Representative during the period from October 10, 2024 through the termination or expiration of the Engagement Letter, if such Tail Financing is consummated at any time during the twelve (12) month period following the termination of the Engagement Letter.
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8. Effective Date of this Agreement and Termination Thereof.
8.1 Effective Date. This Agreement shall become effective when both the Company and the Representative have executed the same and delivered counterparts of such signatures to the other party.
8.2 Termination. The Representative shall have the right to terminate this Agreement in writing at any time prior to any Closing Date, (i) if any domestic or international event or act or occurrence has materially disrupted, or in the Representative’s reasonable opinion will in the immediate future materially disrupt, general securities markets in the United States; or (ii) if trading on the New York Stock Exchange or the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC shall have been suspended or materially limited, or minimum or maximum prices for trading shall have been fixed, or maximum ranges for prices for securities shall have been required by FINRA or by order of the Commission or any other government authority having jurisdiction; or (iii) if the United States shall have become involved in a new war or an increase in major hostilities; or (iv) if a banking moratorium has been declared by a New York State or federal authority; or (v) if a moratorium on foreign exchange trading has been declared which materially adversely impacts the United States securities markets; or (vi) if the Company shall have sustained a material loss by fire, flood, accident, hurricane, earthquake, theft, sabotage or other calamity or malicious act which, whether or not such loss shall have been insured, will, in the Representative’s reasonable opinion, make it inadvisable to proceed with the delivery of the Firm Shares or Option Shares; or (vii) if the Company is in material breach of any of its representations, warranties or covenants hereunder; or (viii) if the Representative shall have become aware after the date hereof of such a Material Adverse Change, or such adverse material change in general market conditions as in the Representative’s reasonable judgment would make it impracticable to proceed with the offering, sale and/or delivery of the Shares or to enforce contracts made by the Underwriters for the sale of the Shares; or (ix) if the regulatory approval (including but not limited to Nasdaq approval) for the Offering is denied, conditioned or modified and as a result it makes it impracticable for the Representative to proceed with the offering, sale and/or delivery of the Shares or to enforce contracts for the sale of the Shares.
8.3 Expenses. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, except in the case of a default by the Underwriters, pursuant to Section 6.2 above, in the event that this Agreement shall not be carried out for any reason whatsoever, within the time specified herein or any extensions thereof pursuant to the terms herein, the Company shall be obligated to pay to the Underwriters their actual and accountable out-of-pocket expenses related to the transactions contemplated herein then due and payable (including the reasonable fees and disbursements of Representative Counsel) up to $250,000, and upon demand the Company shall pay the full amount thereof to the Representative on behalf of the Underwriters; provided, however, that such expense cap in no way limits or impairs the indemnification and contribution provisions of this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any advance received by the Representative will be reimbursed to the Company to the extent not actually incurred in compliance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(4)(A).
8.4 Survival of Indemnification. Notwithstanding any contrary provision contained in this Agreement, any election hereunder or any termination of this Agreement, and whether or not this Agreement is otherwise carried out, the provisions of Section 5 shall remain in full force and effect and shall not be in any way affected by, such election or termination or failure to carry out the terms of this Agreement or any part hereof.
8.5 Representations, Warranties, Agreements to Survive. All representations, warranties and agreements contained in this Agreement or in certificates of officers of the Company submitted pursuant hereto, shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of (i) any investigation made by or on behalf of any Underwriter or its Affiliates or selling agents, any person controlling any Underwriter, its officers or directors or any person controlling the Company or (ii) delivery of and payment for the Shares.
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9. Miscellaneous.
9.1 Notices. All communications hereunder, except as herein otherwise specifically provided, shall be in writing and shall be mailed (registered or certified mail, return receipt requested), personally delivered, or sent by electronic mail transmission, return receipt requested and shall be deemed given (i) if mailed, two (2) Business Days after such mailing, (ii), if personally delivered, when so delivered, or (iii) if sent by electronic mail transmission, upon the sending party’s receipt of a confirmation email (including read receipt or other automatic delivery confirmation) from the receiving party.
If to the Representative:
Cathay Securities Inc.
40 Wall Street, Suite 3600
New York, New York 10005
Attn: Xiaoyu (Shell) Li
Email: service@cathaysecurities.com
Phone: (855) 939-3888
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Anthony W. Basch, Esq.
J. Britton Williston, Esq.
Kaufman & Canoles, P.C.
Two James Center
1021 East Cary Street, Suite 1400
Richmond, VA 23219
Phone: (804) 771-5700
Email: awbasch@kaufcan.com
With copy to: jbwilliston@kaufcan.com
If to the Company:
Charming Medical Limited
Units 1803-1806, 18/F, Hang Lung Centre
2-20 Paterson Street, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong
Attn: Kit Wong
Telephone: +852 2116 1492
Email: [●]
Or to its agent for service pursuant to Section 9.6 below,
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP
366 Madison Avenue, 3rd Floor
New York, NY 10017
Attention: William S. Rosenstadt, Esq.; Mengyi “Jason” Ye, Esq.
Phone: +1 (212) 588-0022
Email: wsr@orllp.legal; jye@orllp.legal
9.2 Headings. The headings contained herein are for the sole purpose of convenience of reference, and shall not in any way limit or affect the meaning or interpretation of any of the terms or provisions of this Agreement.
9.3 Amendment. This Agreement may only be amended by a written instrument executed by each of the parties hereto.
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9.4 Entire Agreement. This Agreement (together with the other agreements and documents being delivered pursuant to or in connection with this Agreement) constitutes the entire agreement of the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof, and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings of the parties, oral and written, with respect to the subject matter hereof.
9.5 Binding Effect. This Agreement shall inure solely to the benefit of and shall be binding upon the Representative, the Underwriters, the Company and the controlling persons, directors and officers referred to in Section 5 hereof, and their respective successors, legal representatives, heirs and assigns, and no other person shall have or be construed to have any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of or by virtue of this Agreement or any provisions herein contained. The term “successors and assigns” shall not include a purchaser, in its capacity as such, of securities from any of the Underwriters.
9.6 Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Trial by Jury. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to conflict of laws principles thereof. The Company hereby agrees that any action, proceeding.
9.6.2. By the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company hereby irrevocably designates and appoints Cogency Global Inc., located at 122 East 42nd Street, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10168 (and shall also designate the secretary of state of the State of New York by filing of a certificate of designation) as its authorized agent upon whom process may be served in any suit, proceeding or other action against it arising out of, or relating in any way to this Agreement shall be brought and enforced in instituted by any Underwriter or by any person controlling an Underwriter as to which such Underwriter or any such controlling person is a party and based upon this Agreement, or in any other action against the Company in the New York Supreme Court, County of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, and irrevocably submits to such jurisdiction, which arising out of the offering made by the Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus, the Registration Statement or any purchase or sale of Shares in connection therewith. The Company and the Underwriters expressly accept jurisdiction shall be exclusive. The Company and the Underwriters hereby irrevocably waive any objection to such exclusive jurisdiction and that such courts represent an inconvenient forum. Any such process or summons to be served upon the Company may be served by transmitting a copy thereof by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed to it at the address set forth in Section 9.1 hereof. Such mailing shall be deemed personal service and shall be legal and binding upon the Company in any action, proceeding or claim. The Company agrees that the prevailing party(ies) in any such action shall be entitled to recover from the other party(ies) all of its reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses relating to such action or proceeding and/or incurred in connection with the preparation therefor. The Company and the Underwriters agree that any final judgment after exhaustion of all appeals or the expiration of time to appeal in any such action or proceeding arising out of the sale of the Shares or this Agreement rendered by any such federal court or state court shall be conclusive and may be enforced in any other jurisdiction by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall affect or limit the right of the Company, the Underwriters or any person controlling an Underwriter to serve any process or notice of motion or other application in any other manner permitted by law or limit or affect the right of the Company, the Underwriters or any person controlling an Underwriter to bring any action or proceeding against the other party or any of its properties in the courts of any other jurisdiction. The Company further agrees to take any and all action, including the execution and filing of all such instruments and documents, as may be necessary to continue such designations and appointments or such substitute designations and appointments in full force and effect. The Company and the Underwriters agree to the exclusive jurisdiction of the New York Supreme Court, County of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York in connection with any action or proceeding arising from the sale of the Shares or this Agreement brought by the Company, the Underwriters or any person controlling an Underwriter. The Company (on its behalf and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, on behalf of its shareholders and affiliates) and each of the Underwriters hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any and all right to trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby.
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9.6.3. The Company and the Underwriters agree that in any suit (whether in a court in the United States or elsewhere) seeking enforcement of this Agreement or provisions of this Agreement, if the plaintiffs therein seek a judgment in either United States dollars, they will not interpose any defense or objection to or otherwise oppose judgment, if any, being awarded in such currencies. The Company and the Underwriters agree that it will not initiate or seek to initiate any action, suit or proceeding, in any other jurisdiction other than in the United States, seeking damages in respect of or for the purpose of obtaining any injunction or declaratory judgment against the enforcement of, or a declaratory judgment concerning any alleged breach by the Company (or the Underwriters) or other claim by the Underwriters (or by the Company), or any person controlling an Underwriter in respect of this Agreement or any of the Underwriters’ rights under this Agreement, including without limitation any action, suit or proceeding challenging the enforceability of or seeking to invalidate in any respect the submission by the Company (or the Underwriters) hereunder to the jurisdiction of the courts or the designation of the laws as the law applicable to this Agreement, in each case as set forth herein.
9.6.4. The Company and the Underwriters agree that if any payment of any sum due under this Agreement from the other party is made or in a currency other than freely transferable United States dollars, whether by judicial judgment or otherwise, the obligations of the payor under this Agreement shall be discharged only to the extent of the net amount of freely transferable United States dollars that the payee, in accordance with normal bank procedures, are able to lawfully purchase with such amount of such other currency. To the extent that the payee is not able to purchase sufficient United States dollars with such amount of such other currency to discharge the obligations of the Company to the Underwriters or such controlling persons, or of the Underwriters to the Company, the obligations of the Company or of the Underwriters shall not be discharged with respect to such difference, and any such undischarged amount will be due as a separate obligation and shall not be affected by payment of or judgment being obtained for any other sums due under or in respect of this Agreement.
9.6.5. The Company and the Underwriter agree that the prevailing party(ies) in any such action shall be entitled to recover from the other party(ies) all of its reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses relating to such action or proceeding and/or incurred in connection with the preparation therefore.
9.7 Execution in Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, and by the different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement, and shall become effective when one or more counterparts has been signed by each of the parties hereto and delivered to each of the other parties hereto. Delivery of a signed counterpart of this Agreement by facsimile or email/pdf transmission shall constitute valid and sufficient delivery thereof.
9.8 Waiver, etc. The failure of any of the parties hereto to at any time enforce any of the provisions of this Agreement shall not be deemed or construed to be a waiver of any such provision, nor to in any way effect the validity of this Agreement or any provision hereof or the right of any of the parties hereto to thereafter enforce each and every provision of this Agreement. No waiver of any breach, non-compliance or non-fulfillment of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be effective unless set forth in a written instrument executed by the party or parties against whom or which enforcement of such waiver is sought; and no waiver of any such breach, non-compliance or non-fulfillment shall be construed or deemed to be a waiver of any other or subsequent breach, non-compliance or non-fulfillment.
[Signature Page Follows]
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If the foregoing correctly sets forth the understanding between the Underwriters and the Company, please so indicate in the space provided below for that purpose, whereupon this letter shall constitute a binding agreement between us.
| Very truly yours, | ||
| CHARMING MEDICAL LIMITED | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | Kit Wong | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer and Chairman | |
| Confirmed as of the date first written above mentioned, on behalf of itself and as Representative of the several Underwriters named on Schedule 1 hereto: |
| CATHAY SECURITIES INC. | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | Xiaoyu (Shell) Li | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
[Underwriting Agreement Signature Page]
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SCHEDULE 1
| Underwriter | Total Number of Firm Shares to be Purchased | |||
| Cathay Securities Inc. | [●] | |||
| TOTAL | [●] |
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SCHEDULE 2-A
Pricing Information
| Number of Firm Shares: | [●] | |||
| Public Offering Price per Firm Share: | $ | [●] | ||
| Underwriting Discount per Firm Share: | $ | [●] | ||
| Proceeds to Company per Firm Share (before expenses): | $ | [●] | ||
| Number of Option Shares | [●] |
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SCHEDULE 2-B
Issuer General Use Free Writing Prospectuses
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SCHEDULE 3
List of Lock-Up Parties
| Name | Title | |
| Ms. Kit Wong | Director, Chief Executive Officer, and Chairman of the Board | |
| Ms. Ching Man Cheung | Chief Financial Officer | |
| Ms. Josephine Yan Yeung | Independent Director Nominee | |
| Mr. Leut Ming Gung | Independent Director Nominee | |
| Mr. Shu Tai Victor Yu | Independent Director Nominee |
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EXHIBIT A
Form of Lock-Up Agreement
Lock-Up Agreement
[●], 2025
Cathay Securities Inc.
40 Wall Street, Suite 3600
New York, NY 10005
Ladies and Gentlemen:
The undersigned understands that Cathay Securities Inc., the representative of the underwriters, proposes to enter into an Underwriting Agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) with Charming Medical Limited, a British Virgin Islands company (the “Company”), providing for the public offering (the “Public Offering”) of Class A ordinary shares, of par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company (the “Shares”).
To induce the Underwriters to continue their efforts in connection with the Public Offering, the undersigned hereby agrees that, without the prior written consent of the Underwriters, the undersigned will not, during the period commencing on the date hereof and ending six (6) months from the date of this Effective Date (the “Prospectus”) relating to the Public Offering (the “Lock-Up Period”), (1) offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, grant, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any Shares or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Shares, whether now owned or hereafter acquired by the undersigned or with respect to which the undersigned has or hereafter acquires the power of disposition (collectively, the “Lock-Up Securities”); (2) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Lock-Up Securities, whether any such transaction described in clause (1) or (2) above is to be settled by delivery of Lock-Up Securities, in cash or otherwise; (3) make any demand for or exercise any right with respect to the registration of any Lock-Up Securities; or (4) publicly disclose the intention to make any offer, sale, pledge or disposition, or to enter into any transaction, swap, hedge or other arrangement relating to any Lock-Up Securities.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, and subject to the conditions below, the undersigned may transfer Lock-Up Securities without the prior written consent of the Underwriters in connection with (a) transactions relating to Lock-Up Securities acquired in open market transactions after the completion of the Public Offering; (b) transfers of Lock-Up Securities as a bona fide gift, by will or intestacy or to the undersigned and/or one or more family members or trust for the benefit of a family member (for purposes of this lock-up agreement, “family member” means any relationship by blood, marriage or adoption, not more remote than first cousin); (c) transfers of Lock-Up Securities to a charity or educational institution or other not-for-profit organization; or (d) if the undersigned, directly or indirectly, controls a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other business entity, any transfers of Lock-Up Securities to any shareholder, partner or member of, or owner of similar equity interests in, the undersigned, as the case may be; provided that in the case of any transfer pursuant to the foregoing clauses (b), (c) or (d), it shall be a condition to any such transfer that (i) the transferee/donee agrees to be bound by the terms of this lock-up agreement (including, without limitation, the restrictions set forth in the preceding sentence) to the same extent as if the transferee/donee were a party hereto; and (ii) the undersigned notifies the Underwriters at least two (2) business days prior to the proposed transfer or disposition.
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In addition, the foregoing restrictions shall not apply to (i) the exercise of stock options granted pursuant to the Company’s equity incentive plans existing on the date hereof or to any of the undersigned’s ordinary shares issued upon such exercise, (ii) exercise of warrants; provided that it shall apply to any of the undersigned’s ordinary shares issued upon such exercise, or (iii) pursuant to an existing contract, instruction or plan (a “Plan”) that satisfies all of the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c)(1)(i)(B) under the Exchange Act, (iv) the redemption of the undersigned’s Shares or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Shares to the Company in connection with the termination of the undersigned’s employment with the Company or pursuant to contractual arrangements under which the Company has the option to repurchase such shares, provided that no filing by any party under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended shall be required or shall be made voluntarily within 45 days after the date the undersigned ceases to provide services to the Company, and provided further that the Company does not then re-issue any of such shares during the Lock-up Period or (v) the establishment of any new Plan; provided that no sales of the undersigned’s ordinary shares shall be made pursuant to such new Plan prior to the expiration of the Lock-Up Period, and such a Plan may only be established if no public announcement of the establishment or existence thereof and no filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission or other regulatory authority in respect thereof or transactions thereunder or contemplated thereby, by the undersigned, the Company or any other person, shall be required, and no such announcement or filing is made voluntarily, by the undersigned, the Company or any other person, prior to the expiration of the Lock-Up Period.
The undersigned also agrees and consents to the entry of stop transfer instructions with the Company’s transfer agent and registrar against the transfer of the undersigned’s securities subject to this lock-up agreement except in compliance with this lock-up agreement or in accordance with the exceptions set forth herein.
If the undersigned is an officer or director of the Company, (i) the undersigned agrees that the foregoing restrictions shall be equally applicable to any Shares that the undersigned may purchase in the Public Offering; (ii) the Underwriters agree that, at least three (3) business days before the effective date of any release or waiver of the foregoing restrictions in connection with a transfer of Lock-Up Securities, the Underwriters will notify the Company of the impending release or waiver; and (iii) the Company has agreed in the Underwriting Agreement to announce the impending release or waiver by press release through a major news service at least two (2) business days before the effective date of the release or waiver. Any release or waiver granted by the Underwriters hereunder to any such officer or director shall only be effective two (2) business days after the publication date of such press release. The provisions of this paragraph will not apply if (a) the release or waiver is effected solely to permit a transfer of Lock-Up Securities not for consideration and (b) the transferee has agreed in writing to be bound by the same terms described in this lock-up agreement to the extent and for the duration that such terms remain in effect at the time of such transfer.
The undersigned understands that the Company and the Underwriters are relying upon this lock-up agreement in proceeding toward consummation of the Public Offering. The undersigned further understands that this lock-up agreement is irrevocable and shall be binding upon the undersigned’s heirs, legal representatives, successors and assigns.
The undersigned understands that, if the Underwriting Agreement does not become effective on or prior to February 1, 2026, or if the Underwriting Agreement (other than the provisions thereof which survive termination) shall terminate or be terminated prior to payment for and delivery of the Shares to be sold thereunder, then this lock-up agreement shall be void and of no further force or effect, and the undersigned shall be released from all obligations under this lock-up agreement.
This lock-up agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.
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| Very truly yours, | ||
| (Name - Please Print) | ||
| (Signature) | ||
| (Name of Signatory, in the case of entities - Please Print) | ||
| (Title of Signatory, in the case of entities - Please Print) | ||
| Address: | ||
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EXHIBIT B
Form of Press Release
Charming Medical Limited
[●], 202[ ]
Charming Medical Limited (the “Company”) announced today that Cathay Securities Inc., acting as representative for the underwriters in the Company’s recent public offering of _______ ordinary shares of the Company, is [waiving] [releasing] a lock-up restriction with respect to _________ ordinary shares of the Company held by [certain officers or directors] [an officer or director] of the Company. The [waiver] [release] will take effect on _________, 202[], and the securities may be sold on or after such date.
This press release is not an offer or sale of the securities in the United States or in any other jurisdiction where such offer or sale is prohibited, and such securities may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an exemption from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
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Exhibit 3.1
B.C. No: 2130263

TERRITORY OF THE BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS
BVI BUSINESS COMPANIES ACT, REVISED EDITION 2020
Charming Medical Limited
A Company Limited by Shares
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED
MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION
Incorporated on the 28th day of February, 2024
Amended and Restated on the 22nd day of October, 2024
Amended and Restated on the 27th day of May, 2025
(as adopted by a Resolution of Shareholders passed on 20 May, 2025 and
filed on 27 May, 2025
Overseas Company Services Limited
Unit 8, 3/F., Qwomar Trading Complex,
Blackburne Road, Port Purcell, Road Town, Tortola,
British Virgin Islands, VG1110
TERRITORY OF THE BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS
BVI BUSINESS COMPANIES ACT, REVISED EDITION 2020
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED MEMORANDUM OF ASSOCIATION
OF
Charming Medical Limited
A Company Limited by Shares
(as adopted by a Resolution of Shareholders passed on 20 May, 2025 and filed on 27 May, 2025)
| 1 | NAME |
| 1.1 | The name of the Company is Charming Medical Limited. |
| 2 | STATUS |
| 2.1 | The Company is a company limited by shares. |
| 3 | REGISTERED OFFICE AND REGISTERED AGENT |
| 3.1 | The first Registered Office of the Company is at Unit 8, 3/F., Qwomar Trading Complex, Blackburne Road, Port Purcell, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands. |
| 3.2 | The first Registered Agent of the Company is Overseas Company Services Limited of Unit 8, 3/F., Qwomar Trading Complex, Blackburne Road, Port Purcell, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands. |
| 3.3 | The Company may, by Resolution of Shareholders or by Resolution of Directors, change the location of its Registered Office or change its Registered Agent. |
| 3.4 | If at any time the Company does not have a Registered Agent it may, by Resolution of Shareholders or Resolution of Directors, appoint a Registered Agent. |
| 4 | CAPACITY AND POWERS |
| 4.1 | Subject to the Act and any other British Virgin Islands legislation, the Company has, irrespective of corporate benefit: |
| (a) | full capacity to carry on or undertake any business or activity, do any act or enter into any transaction; and |
| (b) | for the purposes of paragraph (a), full rights, powers and privileges. |
| 4.2 | For the purposes of section 9(4) of the Act, there are no limitations on the business that the Company may carry on. |
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| 5 | NUMBER AND CLASSES OF SHARES |
| 5.1 | The Company is authorised to issue a maximum of 75,000,000 Shares with a par value of USD 0.0001, comprising (i) 60,000,000 Class A Shares and (ii) 15,000,000 Class B Shares. |
| 6 | RIGHTS OF SHARES |
| 6.1 | Each Class A Share confers upon the holder of Class A Share |
| (a) | the right to one vote at a meeting of the Shareholders of the Company or on any Resolution of Shareholders; |
| (b) | the right to an equal share in any dividend paid by the Company; and |
| (c) | the right to an equal share in the distribution of the surplus assets of the Company on its liquidation. |
| 6.2 | Except the holder of Class B Share has the right to 20 votes per Class B Share at a meeting of the Shareholders of the Company or on any Resolution of Shareholders, the holder of Class B shall have the same rights with the holder of Class A Share. |
| 6.3 | If at any time the Company is authorised to issue shares of more than one (1) class, the rights attached to any class (unless otherwise provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class) may, whether or not the Company is being wound up, be varied with the consent in writing of the holders of more than fifty (50) per cent of the issued Shares of that class. |
| 6.4 | The rights conferred upon the holders of the shares of any class issued with preferred or other rights shall not, unless otherwise expressly provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class, be deemed to be varied by the creation or issue of further shares ranking pari passu therewith. |
| 6.5 | Each Class B Share is convertible into one (1) Class A Share at any time at the option of the holder thereof. The right to convert shall be exercisable by the holder of the Class B Share delivering a written notice to the Company that such holder elects to convert a specified number of Class B Shares into Class A Shares. In no event shall Class A Shares be convertible into Class B Shares. |
| 6.6 | Any conversion of Class B Shares into Class A Shares pursuant to this Clause 6 shall be effected by means of the re-designation of each relevant Class B Share as a Class A Share. Such conversion shall become effective (i) in the case of any conversion effected pursuant to Clause 6.5, forthwith upon the receipt by the Company of the written notice delivered to the Company as described in Clause 6.5 (or at such later date as may be specified in such notice), or (ii) in the case of any automatic conversion effected pursuant to Clause 6.7, forthwith upon occurrence of the event specified in Clause 6.7 which triggers such automatic conversion, and the Company shall make entries in the Register of Members to record the re-designation of the relevant Class B Shares as Class A Shares. |
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| 6.7 | Upon any sale, transfer, assignment or disposition of any Class B Share by a Shareholder to any person who is not the Designated Person or an Affiliate of the Designated Person, or upon a change of ultimate beneficial ownership of any Class B Share to any Person who is not the Designated Person or an Affiliate of the Designated Person, such Class B Share shall be automatically and immediately converted into the same number of Class A Share. For the avoidance of doubt, (i) where a sale, transfer, assignment or disposition involves a change to the legal title to Class B Ordinary Shares, it shall be effective upon the Company’s registration of such sale, transfer, assignment or disposition in its Register, and where a sale, transfer, assignment or disposition involves a change to the ultimate beneficial ownership or there is otherwise no change to the legal title to Class B Shares, it shall be deemed effective at the time of the change, as determined in good faith by the Directors in their sole discretion; and (ii) the creation of any pledge, charge, encumbrance or other third party right of whatever description on any Class B Shares to secure a holder’s contractual or legal obligations shall not be deemed as a sale, transfer, assignment or disposition, or a change of ultimate beneficial ownership, unless and until any such pledge, charge, encumbrance or other third party right is enforced and results in the third party holding legal title to the relevant Class B Shares, in which case all the related Class B Shares shall be automatically converted into the same number of Class A Shares. For the purposes of this Clause 6.7, beneficial ownership shall have the meaning set forth in Rule 13d-3 under the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
| 7 | REGISTERED SHARES |
| 7.1 | The Company shall issue registered Shares only. The Company is not authorised to issue bearer Shares, convert registered Shares to bearer Shares or exchange registered Shares for bearer Shares. |
| 8 | AMENDMENT OF THE MEMORANDUM AND THE ARTICLES |
| 8.1 | The Company may amend this Memorandum or the Articles by Resolution of Shareholders or by Resolution of Directors, save that no amendment may be made by Resolution of Directors: |
| (a) | to restrict the rights or powers of the Shareholders to amend this Memorandum or the Articles; |
| (b) | to change the percentage of Shareholders required to pass a Resolution of Shareholders to amend this Memorandum or the Articles; |
| (c) | in circumstances where this Memorandum or the Articles cannot be amended by the Shareholders; or |
| (d) | to this Clause 8. |
| 8.2 | Any amendment of this Memorandum or the Articles will take effect from the date that the notice of amendment, or restated Memorandum and Articles incorporating the amendment, is registered by the Registrar or from such other date as determined pursuant to the Act. |
| 8.3 | The rights conferred upon the holders of the Shares of any class may only be varied, whether or not the Company is in liquidation, with the consent in writing of the holders of a majority of the issued Shares of that class or by a Resolution approved at a duly convened and constituted meeting of the Shares of that class by the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes of the Shares of that class which were present at the meeting and were voted. |
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| 8.4 | The rights conferred upon the holders of the Shares of any class shall not, unless otherwise expressly provided by the terms of issue of the Shares of that class, be deemed to be varied by the creation or issue of further Shares ranking equally with such existing Shares. |
| 9 | DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION |
| 9.1 | In this Memorandum and the attached Articles, if not inconsistent with the subject or context: |
Act means the BVI Business Companies Act, Revised Edition 2020, as amended, and includes the BVI Business Companies Regulations, 2012, as amended, and any other regulations made under the Act.
Annual General Meeting has the meaning given to it at Regulation 7.2.
Appointing Director has the meaning given to it at Regulation 11.4.
Articles means the attached articles of association of the Company.
Audit Committee has the meaning given to it at Regulation 12.1.
Auditor means the independent auditor of the Company which shall be an internationally recognised firm of independent accountants.
Board means the directors of the Company as a collective body.
Class A Share means a class A ordinary share of a par value of USD0.0001 each, having the rights provided in the Memorandum.
Class B Share means a class B ordinary share of a par value of USD0.0001 each, having the rights provided in the Memorandum.
Designated Person means Wong Kit.
Director means a director of the Company.
Memorandum means this memorandum of association of the Company.
person includes individuals, corporations, trusts, the estates of deceased individuals, partnerships and unincorporated associations of persons.
Proscribed Powers means the powers to:
| (a) | amend this Memorandum or the Articles; |
| (b) | designate committees of Directors; |
| (c) | delegate powers to a committee of Directors; |
| (d) | appoint or remove Directors; |
| (e) | appoint or remove an agent; |
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| (f) | approve a plan of merger, consolidation or arrangement; |
| (g) | make a declaration of solvency or to approve a liquidation plan; or |
| (h) | make a determination that immediately after a proposed distribution the value of the Company’s assets will exceed its liabilities and the Company will be able to pay its debts as they fall due. |
Resolution of Directors means either:
| (a) | a Resolution approved at a duly convened and constituted meeting of Directors or of a committee of Directors by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Directors present at the meeting who voted except that where a Director is given more than one vote, they shall be counted by the number of votes they cast for the purpose of establishing a majority; or |
| (b) | a Resolution consented to in writing by all Directors or by all members of a committee of Directors, as the case may be. |
Resolution of Shareholders means either:
| (a) | a Resolution approved at a duly convened and constituted meeting of the Shareholders by the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes of the Shares entitled to vote thereon which were present at the meeting and were voted; or |
| (b) | a Resolution consented to in writing by a majority of the votes of the Shares entitled to vote on such Resolution. |
Seal means any seal which has been duly adopted as the common seal of the Company.
SEC means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
Securities Act means the United States Securities Act of 1933.
Share means a share issued or to be issued by the Company.
Shareholder means a person whose name is entered in the Register of Members of the Company as the holder of one or more Shares or fractional Shares.
US$ shall mean the lawful currency of the United States of America.
Written or any term of like import includes information generated, sent, received or stored by electronic, electrical, digital, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, biometric or photonic means, including electronic data interchange, electronic mail, telegram, or telecopy, and in writing shall be construed accordingly.
| 9.2 | In this Memorandum and the Articles, unless the context otherwise requires, a reference to: |
| (a) | a Regulation is a reference to a regulation of the Articles; |
| (b) | a Clause is a reference to a clause of this Memorandum; |
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| (c) | voting by Shareholders is a reference to the casting of the votes attached to the Shares held by the Shareholder voting; |
| (d) | a provision of law (including the Act) is a reference to that provision as amended or re- enacted; |
| (e) | this Memorandum or the Articles is a reference to those documents as amended; and |
| (f) | the singular includes the plural and vice versa. |
| 9.3 | Where a period of time is expressed as a number of days, the days on which the period begins and ends are not included in the computation of the number of days. |
| 9.4 | Any reference to a month shall be construed as a reference to a period starting on one day in a calendar month and ending on the numerically corresponding day in the next calendar month and a reference to a period of several months shall be construed accordingly. |
| 9.5 | Any words or expressions defined in the Act bear the same meaning in this Memorandum and the Articles unless the context otherwise requires or they are otherwise defined in this Memorandum or the Articles. |
| 9.6 | Headings are inserted for convenience only and shall be disregarded in interpreting this Memorandum and the Articles. |
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Signed for Overseas Company Services Limited of Unit 8, 3/F., Qwomar Trading Complex, Blackburne Road, Port Purcell, Road Town, British Virgin Islands, VG1110 for the purpose of incorporating a BVI Business Company under the laws of the British Virgin Islands on the 28th day of February, 2024:
Incorporator
| (Sgd.) Marisa D. Smith | |
| Marisa D. Smith | |
| Authorised Signatory | |
| Overseas Company Services Limited |
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TERRITORY OF THE BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS
BVI BUSINESS COMPANIES ACT, REVISED EDITION 2020
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION
OF
Charming Medical Limited
A Company Limited by Shares
(as adopted by a Resolution of Shareholders passed on 20 May, 2025 and filed on 27 May, 2025)
| 1 | DISAPPLICATION OF THE ACT |
| 1.1 | The following sections of the Act shall not apply to the Company: |
| (a) | section 46 (Pre-emptive rights); |
| (b) | section 60 (Process for acquisition of own shares); |
| (c) | section 61 (Offer to one or more shareholders); |
| (d) | section 62 (Shares redeemed otherwise than at the option of company); and |
| (e) | section 175 (Disposition of assets). |
| 2 | SHARES |
| 2.1 | Subject to the provisions, if any, in the Memorandum (and to any direction that may be given by the Company in general meeting), the Act and, where applicable, the rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market and/or any competent regulatory authority, and without prejudice to any rights attached to any existing Shares, the Directors may allot, issue, grant options over or otherwise dispose of Shares with or without preferred, deferred or other rights or restrictions, whether in regard to a dividend or other distribution, voting, return of capital or otherwise and to such persons, at such times and on such other terms as they think proper, and may also (subject to the Act and the Articles) vary such rights. |
| 2.2 | The Company may issue securities in the Company, which may be comprised of whole or fractional Shares, rights, options, warrants or convertible securities or securities of similar nature conferring the right upon the holders thereof to subscribe for, purchase or receive any class of Shares or other securities in the Company, upon such terms as the Directors may from time to time determine. |
| 2.3 | The Company shall not issue certificates in respect of any Shares issued by it. |
| 2.4 | If several persons are registered as joint holders of any Shares, any one of such persons may give an effectual receipt for any distribution. |
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| 2.5 | A Share may be issued for consideration in any form or a combination of forms, including money, a promissory note, or other written obligation to contribute money or property, real property, personal property (including goodwill and know-how), services rendered or a contract for future services. |
| 2.6 | Before issuing Shares for a consideration which is, in whole or in part, other than money, a Resolution of Directors shall be passed stating: |
| (a) | the amount to be credited for the issue of the Shares; and |
| (b) | that, in the opinion of the Directors, the present cash value of the non-money consideration and money consideration, if any, is not less than the amount to be credited for the issue of the Shares. |
| 2.7 | The Company shall keep a Register of Members containing: |
| (a) | the names and addresses of the persons who hold Shares; |
| (b) | the number of each class and series of Shares held by each Shareholder; |
| (c) | the date on which the name of each Shareholder was entered in the Register of Members; and |
| (d) | the date on which any person ceased to be a Shareholder. |
| 2.8 | The Register of Members may be in any such form as the Directors may approve, but if it is in magnetic, electronic or other data storage form, the Company must be able to produce legible evidence of its contents. Until the Directors otherwise determine, the magnetic, electronic or other data storage form shall be the original Register of Members. |
| 2.9 | A Share is deemed to be issued when the name of the Shareholder is entered in the Register of Members. |
| 3 | REDEMPTION OF SHARES AND TREASURY SHARES |
| 3.1 | Subject to the provisions of the Act, and, where applicable, the rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market and/or any competent regulatory authority, the Company may purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire and hold its own Shares. |
| 3.2 | Notwithstanding Regulation 3.1, the Company may not purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire its own Shares unless: |
| (a) | the Shareholders whose Shares are to be purchased, redeemed or otherwise acquired have given their consent to such transaction; or |
| (b) | the Shares have been issued on terms that they are subject to redemption without the consent of the holder pursuant to Regulation 3.2; or |
| (c) | the redemption is being effected pursuant to Section 176 of the Act. |
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| 3.3 | Subject to the provisions of the Act, and, where applicable, the rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market and/or any competent regulatory authority, the Company may issue Shares on terms that they are to be redeemed or are liable to be redeemed at the option of either the Shareholder or the Company. The redemption of such Shares shall in such cases be effected in such manner and upon such other terms as the Company may, by Resolution of Directors, determine before the issue of such Shares. |
| 3.4 | Any purchase, redemption or acquisition of Shares by the Company shall require the approval of a Resolution of Directors, other than a redemption which does not require the consent of the Company under the terms on which such Shares are issued the Memorandum, the Articles or the Act. |
| 3.5 | The Company may make a payment in respect of the redemption or purchase of its own Shares in any manner permitted by the Act. |
| 3.6 | The Company may acquire its own fully paid Shares for no consideration by way of surrender of the Shares to the Company by the person holding the Shares. Any such surrender shall be evidenced in writing and signed by the person holding the Shares. |
| 3.7 | The Company may only offer to purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire Shares if the Resolution of Directors authorising the purchase, redemption or other acquisition contains a statement that the Directors are satisfied, on reasonable grounds, that immediately after the purchase, redemption or other acquisition the value of the Company’s assets will exceed its liabilities and the Company will be able to pay its debts as they fall due. |
| 3.8 | Shares that the Company purchases, redeems or otherwise acquires may be cancelled or held as treasury Shares provided that the number of Shares purchased, redeemed or otherwise acquired and held as treasury Shares, when aggregated with Shares of the same class already held by the Company as treasury Shares, may not exceed 50% of the Shares of that class previously issued by the Company excluding Shares that have been cancelled. Shares which have been cancelled shall be available for reissue. |
| 3.9 | All rights and obligations attaching to a treasury Share are suspended and shall not be exercised by the Company while it holds the Share as a treasury Share. |
| 3.10 | Treasury Shares may be transferred by the Company on such terms and conditions (not otherwise inconsistent with the Memorandum and the Articles) as the Company may by Resolution of Directors determine. |
| 4 | MORTGAGES AND CHARGES OF SHARES |
| 4.1 | Shareholders may mortgage or charge their Shares. |
| 4.2 | There shall be entered in the Register of Members at the written request of the Shareholder: |
| (a) | a statement that the Shares held by them are mortgaged or charged; |
| (b) | the name of the mortgagee or chargee; and |
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| (c) | the date on which the particulars specified in subparagraphs (a) and (b) are entered in the Register of Members. |
| 4.3 | Where particulars of a mortgage or charge are entered in the Register of Members, such particulars may be cancelled: |
| (a) | with the written consent of the named mortgagee or chargee or anyone authorised to act on their behalf; or |
| (b) | upon evidence satisfactory to the Directors of the discharge of the liability secured by the mortgage or charge and the issue of such indemnities as the Directors shall consider necessary or desirable. |
| 4.4 | Whilst particulars of a mortgage or charge over Shares are entered in the Register of Members pursuant to this Regulation: |
| (a) | no transfer of any Share the subject of those particulars shall be effected; |
| (b) | the Company may not purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any such Share; and |
| (c) | no replacement certificate shall be issued in respect of such Shares, |
without the written consent of the named mortgagee or chargee.
| 4.5 | The Directors may not resolve to refuse or delay the transfer of a Share pursuant to the enforcement of a valid security interest created over the Share. |
| 5 | FORFEITURE |
| 5.1 | Shares that are not fully paid on issue are subject to the forfeiture provisions set forth in this Regulation and for this purpose Shares issued for a promissory note, other written obligation to contribute money or property or a contract for future services are deemed to be not fully paid. |
| 5.2 | A written notice of call specifying the date for payment to be made shall be served on the Shareholder who defaults in making payment in respect of the Shares. |
| 5.3 | The written notice of call referred to in Regulation 5.2 shall name a further date not earlier than the expiration of 14 days from the date of service of the notice on or before which the payment required by the notice is to be made and shall contain a statement that in the event of non-payment at or before the time named in the notice the Shares, or any of them, in respect of which payment is not made will be liable to be forfeited. |
| 5.4 | Where a written notice of call has been issued pursuant to Regulation 5.2 and the requirements of the notice have not been complied with, the Directors may, at any time before tender of payment, forfeit and cancel the Shares to which the notice relates. |
| 5.5 | The Company is under no obligation to refund any moneys to the Shareholder whose Shares have been cancelled pursuant to Regulation 5.4 and that Shareholder shall be discharged from any further obligation to the Company. |
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| 6 | TRANSFER OF REGISTERED SHARES |
| 6.1 | Registered Shares in the Company shall only be transferred by a written instrument of transfer signed by the transferor and containing the name and address of the transferee. |
| 6.2 | The instrument of transfer shall also be signed by the transferee if registration as a holder of the Share imposes a liability to the Company on the transferee. |
| 6.3 | The instrument of transfer shall be sent to the Company for registration. |
| 6.4 | The Company shall, on receipt of an instrument of transfer, enter the name and address of the transferee of the Share in the Register of Members unless the Board resolves to refuse or delay the registration of the transfer for reasons that shall be specified in the Resolution. |
| 6.5 | The Board is permitted to pass a Resolution of Directors refusing or delaying the registration of a transfer where it reasonably determines that it is in the best interest of the Company to do so. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Board may refuse or delay the registration of a transfer of shares if the transferor has failed to pay an amount due in respect of those shares. |
| 6.6 | Where the Board passes a Resolution to refuse or delay the registration of a transfer, the Company shall, as soon as practicable, send the transferor and the transferee a notice of the refusal or delay. |
| 6.7 | The transfer of a Share is effective when the name of the transferee is entered in the Register of Members and the Company shall not be required to treat a transferee of a share in the Company as a Shareholder until the transferee’s name has been entered in the Register of Members. |
| 6.8 | If the Board is satisfied that an instrument of transfer has been signed but that the instrument has been lost or destroyed, it may resolve: |
| (a) | to accept such evidence of the transfer of the shares as they consider appropriate; and |
| (b) | that the transfer of Shares be recorded, including by the entry of the transferee’s name in the Register of Members. |
| 7 | MEETINGS AND CONSENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS |
| 7.1 | The Directors, acting collectively by Resolution of Directors, of the Company may convene meetings of the Shareholders at such times and in such manner and places within or outside the British Virgin Islands as the Directors consider necessary or desirable. |
| 7.2 | The Directors shall call at least one meeting per calendar year and shall designate such meeting as the Annual General Meeting, all other meetings shall be regarded as General Meetings. |
| 7.3 | Upon the written request of Shareholders entitled to exercise 30% or more of the voting rights in respect of the matter for which the meeting is requested the Directors shall convene a meeting of Shareholders. |
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| 7.4 | The Director convening a meeting shall give not less than seven (7) calendar days’ notice of a meeting of Shareholders to: |
| (a) | those Shareholders whose names on the date the notice is given appear as Shareholders in the Register of Members of the Company and are entitled to vote at the meeting; and |
| (b) | the other Directors, and |
indicate in such notice the items on the agenda of the meeting and provide together therewith other relevant documents for the meeting, such as any documents to be considered, the meeting admission card (if any) and the proxy card (if any).
| 7.5 | The Director(s) convening a meeting of Shareholders may fix as the record date for determining those Shareholders that are entitled to vote at the meeting the date notice is given of the meeting, or such other date as may be specified in the notice. |
| 7.6 | The Director convening a meeting of Shareholders shall, in such notice of a meeting as to be given in accordance with Regulation 7.4, indicate the items on the agenda of the meeting and provide together therewith other relevant documents for the meeting, such as: |
| (a) | any documents to be considered; |
| (b) | the meeting admission card (if any); |
| (c) | and the proxy card (if any). |
| 7.7 | A meeting of Shareholders held in contravention of the requirement to give notice is valid if Shareholders holding at least 90% of the total voting rights on all the matters to be considered at the meeting have waived notice of the meeting and, for this purpose, the presence of a Shareholder at the meeting shall constitute waiver in relation to all the Shares which that Shareholder holds. |
| 7.8 | The inadvertent failure of a Director who convenes a meeting to give notice of a meeting to a Shareholder or another Director, or the fact that a Shareholder or another Director has not received notice, does not invalidate the meeting. |
| 7.9 | A Shareholder may be represented at a meeting of Shareholders by a proxy who may speak and vote on behalf of the Shareholder. |
| 7.10 | The instrument appointing a proxy shall be produced at the place designated for the meeting or provided to the Company in accordance with the notice of the meeting before the time for holding the meeting at which the person named in such instrument proposes to vote. The notice of the meeting may specify an alternative or additional place or time at which the proxy shall be presented. |
| 7.11 | The instrument appointing a proxy shall be in substantially the following form or such other form as approved by the Directors or as the chair of the meeting shall accept as properly evidencing the wishes of the Shareholder appointing the proxy. |
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Charming Medical Limited
I/We being a Shareholder of the above Company HEREBY APPOINT ………… ………………… of …………………………… or failing them ………..……………… of ………………………..…… to be my/our proxy to vote for me/us at the meeting of Shareholders to be held on the …… day of …………..…………, 20…… and at any adjournment thereof.
(Any restrictions on voting to be inserted here.)
Signed this …… day of …………..…………, 20……
…………………………… Shareholder
|
| 7.12 | The following applies where Shares are jointly owned: |
| (a) | if two or more persons hold Shares jointly each of them may be present in person or by proxy at a meeting of Shareholders and may speak as a Shareholder; |
| (b) | if only one of the joint owners is present in person or by proxy they may vote on behalf of all joint owners; and |
| (c) | if two or more of the joint owners are present in person or by proxy they must vote as one. |
| 7.13 | A Shareholder shall be deemed to be present at a meeting of Shareholders if they participate by telephone or other electronic means and all Shareholders or their authorised representatives participating in the meeting are able to hear each other. For the avoidance of doubt, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in these Articles, the Company may permit Shareholders to participate in meetings, appoint proxies and/or cast votes by electronic means, including through email, secure electronic platforms and/or other systems approved by the Directors. Any such electronic participation or voting shall be deemed valid and effective as if made in person or by written instrument, provided that the method used reasonably ensures identity verification and vote integrity. |
| 7.14 | A meeting of Shareholders is duly constituted if, at the commencement of the meeting, there are present in person or by proxy not less than one-third of the votes of the Shares entitled to vote on Resolutions of Shareholders to be considered at the meeting. Subject to the forgoing, a quorum may comprise a single Shareholder or proxy and then such person may pass a Resolution of Shareholders and a certificate signed by such person (accompanied, where such person is a proxy, by a copy of the proxy instrument) shall constitute a valid Resolution of Shareholders. |
| 7.15 | If within two hours from the time appointed for the meeting a quorum is not present, the meeting, if convened upon the requisition of Shareholders, shall be dissolved; in any other case it shall stand adjourned to the next business day in the jurisdiction in which the meeting was to have been held at the same time and place or to such other time and place as the Directors may determine, and if at the adjourned meeting there are present within one hour from the time appointed for the meeting in person or by proxy not less than one third of the votes of the Shares or each class or series of Shares entitled to vote on the matters to be considered by the meeting, those present shall constitute a quorum but otherwise the meeting shall be dissolved. |
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| 7.16 | At every meeting of Shareholders, the chair of the Board shall preside as chair of the meeting. If there is no chair of the Board or if that chair is not present at the meeting, the Shareholders present shall choose one of their number to be the chair. If the Shareholders are unable to choose a chair for any reason, then the person representing the greatest number of voting Shares present in person or by proxy at the meeting shall preside as chair failing which the oldest individual Shareholder or representative of a Shareholder present shall take the chair. |
| 7.17 | The chair may, with the consent of the meeting, adjourn any meeting from time to time, and from place to place, but no business shall be transacted at any adjourned meeting other than the business left unfinished at the meeting from which the adjournment took place. |
| 7.18 | At any meeting of the Shareholders the chair is responsible for deciding in such manner as they consider appropriate whether any Resolution proposed has been carried or not and the result of their decision shall be announced to the meeting and recorded in the minutes of the meeting. If the chair has any doubt as to the outcome of the vote on a proposed Resolution, they shall cause a poll to be taken of all votes cast upon such Resolution. If the chair fails to take a poll then any Shareholder present in person or by proxy who disputes the announcement by the chair of the result of any vote may immediately following such announcement demand that a poll be taken and the chair shall cause a poll to be taken. If a poll is taken at any meeting, the result shall be announced to the meeting and recorded in the minutes of the meeting. |
| 7.19 | Subject to the specific provisions contained in this Regulation for the appointment of representatives of persons other than individuals the right of any individual to speak for or represent a Shareholder shall be determined by the law of the jurisdiction where, and by the documents by which, the person is constituted or derives its existence. In case of doubt, the Directors may in good faith seek legal advice from any qualified person and unless and until a court of competent jurisdiction shall otherwise rule, the Directors may rely and act upon such advice without incurring any liability to any Shareholder or the Company. |
| 7.20 | Any person other than an individual which is a Shareholder may by Resolution of its Directors or other governing body authorise such individual as it thinks fit to act as its representative at any meeting of Shareholders or of any class of Shareholders, and the individual so authorised shall be entitled to exercise the same rights on behalf of the Shareholder which they represent as that Shareholder could exercise if it were an individual. |
| 7.21 | The chair of any meeting at which a vote is cast by proxy or on behalf of any person other than an individual may call for a notarially certified copy of such proxy or authority which shall be produced within 7 days of being so requested or the votes cast by such proxy or on behalf of such person shall be disregarded. |
| 7.22 | Directors of the Company may attend and speak at any meeting of Shareholders and at any separate meeting of the holders of any class or series of Shares. |
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| 7.23 | An action that may be taken by the Shareholders at a meeting may also be taken by a Resolution consented to in writing, without the need for any notice, but if any Resolution of Shareholders is adopted otherwise than by the unanimous written consent of all Shareholders, a copy of such Resolution shall forthwith be sent to all Shareholders not consenting to such Resolution. The consent may be in the form of counterparts, each counterpart being signed by one or more Shareholders. If the consent is in one or more counterparts, and the counterparts bear different dates, then the Resolution shall take effect on the earliest date upon which Shareholders holding a sufficient number of votes of Shares to constitute a Resolution of Shareholders have consented to the Resolution by signed counterparts. |
| 8 | UNTRACEABLE SHAREHOLDERS |
| 8.1 | Where any Shareholder is untraceable, the Company may sell any of their Shares provided that: |
| (a) | no less than 3 cheques for any sums payable in cash to such Shareholder have remained uncashed for a period of 12 years from the date of issue of the cheque; |
| (b) | the Company not having during that time or before the expiry of the three-month period referred to in (c) below received any indication of the existence of the Shareholder or person entitled to such Shares by death, bankruptcy or operation of law; and |
| (c) | upon expiration of the 12-year period, an advertisement has been published in newspapers, giving notice of the Company’s intention to sell those Shares, and a period of three months or such shorter period has elapsed since the date of such advertisement. |
| 8.2 | Where the Company sells the Shares of any untraceable Shareholder, the net proceeds of any such sale shall be held in the Company, and the net proceeds shall be accounted as a debt due to that untraceable Shareholder for an amount equal to such net proceeds. |
| 9 | DIRECTORS |
| 9.1 | The Directors may be appointed by Resolution of Shareholders or by Resolution of Directors. Each Director shall hold office for the term, if any, as may be specified in the Resolution appointing him or until his earlier death, resignation or removal in accordance with these Articles. |
| 9.2 | No person shall be appointed as a Director or alternate Director, or nominated as a reserve Director unless they have consented in writing to be a Director or alternate Director, or to be nominated as a reserve Director. |
| 9.3 | Subject to Regulation 9.1, the minimum number of Directors shall be three and the maximum shall be twelve. |
| 9.4 | A Director may be removed from office: |
| (a) | with or without cause, by Resolution of Shareholders passed at a meeting of Shareholders called for the purpose of removing the Director or for purposes including the removal of the Director or by a written Resolution passed by at least 75% of the votes of the Shares of the Company entitled to vote; or |
| (b) | with cause, by Resolution of Directors passed by all directors other than the director being removed at a meeting of Directors called for the purpose of removing the Director or for purposes including the removal of the Director. |
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| 9.5 | A Director may resign their office by giving written notice of their resignation to the Company and the resignation has effect from the date the notice is received by the Company or from such later date as may be specified in the notice. A Director shall resign forthwith as a Director if they are, or becomes, disqualified from acting as a Director under the Act. |
| 9.6 | The Directors may at any time appoint any person to be a Director either to fill a vacancy or as an addition to the existing Directors. Any Director so appointed shall have the same rights, powers and term as if elected by the Shareholders. |
| 9.7 | A vacancy in relation to Directors occurs if a Director dies or otherwise ceases to hold office prior to the expiration of their term of office. |
| 9.8 | The Board shall have the power to determine the remuneration, if any, of the Directors. |
| 9.9 | Where the Company only has one Shareholder who is an individual and that Shareholder is also the sole Director, the sole Shareholder/Director may, by instrument in writing, nominate a person who is not disqualified from being a Director as a reserve Director to act in the place of the sole Director in the event of their death. |
| 9.10 | The nomination of a person as a reserve Director ceases to have effect if: |
| (a) | before the death of the sole Shareholder/Director who nominated them, |
| (i) | they resign as reserve Director, or |
| (ii) | the sole Shareholder/Director revokes the nomination in writing; or |
| (b) | the sole Shareholder/Director who nominated them ceases to be able to be the sole Shareholder/Director for any reason other than their death. |
| 9.11 | The Company shall keep a Register of Directors containing: |
| (a) | the names and addresses of the persons who are Directors or who have been nominated as reserve Directors; |
| (b) | the date on which each person whose name is entered in the register was appointed as a Director, or nominated as a reserve Director; |
| (c) | the date on which each person named as a Director ceased to be a Director; |
| (d) | the date on which the nomination of any person nominated as a reserve Director ceased to have effect; and |
| (e) | such other information as may be prescribed by the Act. |
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| 9.12 | The Register of Directors may be kept in any such form as the Directors may approve, but if it is in magnetic, electronic or other data storage form, the Company must be able to produce legible evidence of its contents. Until a Resolution of Directors determining otherwise is passed, the magnetic, electronic or other data storage shall be the original Register of Directors. |
| 9.13 | The Directors may by Resolution of Directors, fix the emoluments of Directors with respect to services to be rendered in any capacity to the Company. |
| 9.14 | A Director is not required to hold a Share as a qualification to office. |
| 10 | POWERS OF DIRECTORS |
| 10.1 | The business and affairs of the Company shall be managed by, or under the direction or supervision of, the Directors. The Directors have all the powers necessary for managing, and for directing and supervising, the business and affairs of the Company. The Directors may pay all expenses incurred preliminary to and in connection with the incorporation of the Company and may exercise all such powers of the Company as are not by the Act or by the Memorandum or the Articles required to be exercised by the Shareholders. |
| 10.2 | Each Director shall exercise their powers for a proper purpose and shall not act or agree to the Company acting in a manner that contravenes the Memorandum, the Articles or the Act. Each Director, in exercising their powers or performing their duties, shall act honestly and in good faith in what the Director believes to be the best interests of the Company. |
| 10.3 | If the Company is the wholly owned subsidiary of a parent, a Director may, when exercising powers or performing duties as a Director, act in a manner which they believe is in the best interests of the parent even though it may not be in the best interests of the Company. |
| 10.4 | Any Director which is a body corporate may appoint any individual as its duly authorised representative for the purpose of representing it at meetings of the Directors, with respect to the signing of consents or otherwise. |
| 10.5 | The continuing Directors may act notwithstanding any vacancy in their body. |
| 10.6 | The Directors may by Resolution of Directors exercise all the powers of the Company to incur indebtedness, liabilities or obligations and to secure indebtedness, liabilities or obligations whether of the Company or of any third party. |
| 10.7 | All cheques, promissory notes, drafts, bills of exchange and other negotiable instruments and all receipts for moneys paid to the Company shall be signed, drawn, accepted, endorsed or otherwise executed, as the case may be, in such manner as shall from time to time be determined by Resolution of Directors. |
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| 11 | PROCEEDINGS OF DIRECTORS |
| 11.1 | Any one Director call a meeting of the Directors by sending a written notice to each other Director. |
| 11.2 | A Director is deemed to be present at a meeting of Directors if they participate by telephone or other electronic means and all Directors participating in the meeting are able to hear each other. |
| 11.3 | A Director shall be given not less than 5 days’ notice of meetings of Directors, but a meeting of Directors held without 5 days’ notice having been given to all Directors shall be valid if all the Directors entitled to vote at the meeting who do not attend waive notice of the meeting, and for this purpose the presence of a Director at a meeting shall constitute waiver by that Director. The inadvertent failure to give notice of a meeting to a Director, or the fact that a Director has not received the notice, does not invalidate the meeting. |
| 11.4 | A Director (the Appointing Director) may appoint any other Director or any other eligible person as their alternate to exercise the Appointing Director’s powers and carry out the Appointing Director’s responsibilities in relation to the taking of decisions by the Directors in the absence of the Appointing Director. |
| 11.5 | The appointment and termination of an alternate Director must be in writing, and written notice of the appointment and termination must be given by the Appointing Director to the Company as soon as reasonably practicable. |
| 11.6 | An alternate Director has the same rights as the Appointing Director in relation to any Directors’ meeting and any written Resolution circulated for written consent. An alternate Director has no power to appoint a further alternate, whether of the Appointing Director or of the alternate Director, and the alternate does not act as an agent of or for the Appointing Director. |
| 11.7 | The Appointing Director may, at any time, voluntarily terminate the alternate Director’s appointment. The voluntary termination of the appointment of an alternate shall take effect from the time when written notice of the termination is given to the Company. The rights of an alternate shall automatically terminate if the Appointing Director dies or otherwise ceases to hold office. |
| 11.8 | A meeting of Directors is duly constituted for all purposes if at the commencement of the meeting there are present in person or by alternate not less than one-half of the total number of Directors, subject to a minimum of 2. |
| 11.9 | If the Company has only one Director the provisions herein contained for meetings of Directors do not apply and such sole Director has full power to represent and act for the Company in all matters as are not by the Act, the Memorandum or the Articles required to be exercised by the Shareholders. In lieu of minutes of a meeting the sole Director shall record in writing and sign a note or memorandum of all matters requiring a Resolution of Directors. Such a note or memorandum constitutes sufficient evidence of such Resolution for all purposes. |
| 11.10 | The Directors may appoint a Director as chair of the Board. At meetings of Directors at which the chair of the Board is present, they shall preside as chair of the meeting. If there is no chair of the Board or if the chair of the Board is not present, the Directors present shall choose one of their number to be chair of the meeting. |
| 11.11 | An action that may be taken by the Directors or a committee of Directors at a meeting may also be taken by a Resolution of Directors or a Resolution of a committee of Directors consented to in writing by all Directors or by all members of the committee, as the case may be, without the need for any notice. The consent may be in the form of counterparts each counterpart being signed by one or more Directors. If the consent is in one or more counterparts, and the counterparts bear different dates, then the Resolution shall take effect on the date upon which the last Director has consented to the Resolution by signed counterparts. |
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| 12 | COMMITTEES |
| 12.1 | The Directors shall establish and maintain an audit committee (the Audit Committee) as a committee of the Directors. The Audit Committee shall be responsible for the appointment, compensation, retention, and oversight of the Auditors. These responsibilities also include the ability to terminate the Auditors and the approval of all audit fees and terms of engagement. The Audit Committee must establish procedures for: |
| (a) | receiving and handling complaints from any person regarding any accounting or auditing issues relating to the Company or the Company’s internal accounting controls; and |
| (b) | employees to be able to submit confidentially and anonymously any concerns regarding questionable accounting or auditing practices by or affecting the Company. |
The Audit Committee must have the authority to engage its own independent legal counsel and other advisors and the Company must make sufficient funds available to the Audit Committee to pay its counsel and advisors, and other expenses. The composition and responsibilities of the Audit Committee will comply with the laws of the British Virgin Islands (as applicable), but may not fully comply with the requirements of Nasdaq Listing Rule 5605(c)(1).
| 12.2 | The Directors may, by Resolution of Directors, designate one or more other committees, each consisting of one or more Directors, and delegate one or more of their powers, including the power to affix the Seal, to the committee. Such committees may include, but shall not be limited to: |
| (a) | a compensation committee; |
| (b) | a corporate governance committee; and |
| (c) | a nomination and compensation committee; or |
such others as required by the Nasdaq Stock Market.
| 12.3 | The Directors may, in the Resolution of Directors creating the committee, set out its terms of reference, policies, rules, procedures and powers. |
| 12.4 | The Directors have no power to delegate to a committee of Directors any of the Proscribed Powers. |
| 12.5 | A committee of Directors, where authorised by the Resolution of Directors appointing such committee or by a subsequent Resolution of Directors, may appoint a sub-committee and delegate powers exercisable by the committee to the sub-committee. |
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| 12.6 | The meetings and proceedings of each committee of Directors consisting of 2 or more Directors shall be governed by the provisions of these Articles regulating the proceedings of Directors with any necessary changes so far as the same are not superseded by any provisions in the Resolution of Directors establishing the committee. |
| 12.7 | Where the Directors delegate their powers to a committee of Directors they remain responsible for the exercise of that power by the committee, unless they believed on reasonable grounds at all times before the exercise of the power that the committee would exercise the power in conformity with the duties imposed on Directors under the Act. |
| 13 | OFFICERS AND AGENTS |
| 13.1 | The Company may by Resolution of Directors appoint officers of the Company at such times as may be considered necessary or expedient. The officers shall perform such duties as are prescribed at the time of their appointment subject to any modification in such duties as may be prescribed thereafter by Resolution of Directors. |
| 13.2 | The emoluments of all officers shall be fixed by Resolution of Directors. |
| 13.3 | The officers of the Company shall hold office until their successors are duly appointed, but any officer elected or appointed by the Directors may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by Resolution of Directors. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Company may be filled by Resolution of Directors. |
| 13.4 | The Directors may, by Resolution of Directors, appoint any person, including a person who is a Director, to be an agent of the Company. |
| 13.5 | An agent of the Company shall have such powers and authority of the Directors, including the power and authority to affix the Seal, as are set forth in the Articles or in the Resolution of Directors appointing the agent, except that no agent has any power or authority with respect to the following: |
| (a) | the Proscribed Powers; |
| (b) | to change the Registered Office or Agent; |
| (c) | to fix emoluments of Directors; or |
| (d) | to authorise the Company to continue as a company incorporated under the laws of a jurisdiction outside the British Virgin Islands. |
| 13.6 | The Resolution of Directors appointing an agent may authorise the agent to appoint one or more substitutes or delegates to exercise some or all of the powers conferred on the agent by the Company. |
| 13.7 | The Directors may remove an agent appointed by the Company and may revoke or vary a power conferred on them. |
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| 14 | CONFLICT OF INTERESTS |
| 14.1 | A Director shall, forthwith after becoming aware of the fact that they are interested in a transaction entered into or to be entered into by the Company, disclose the interest to all other Directors. |
| 14.2 | For the purposes of Regulation 14.1, a disclosure to all other Directors to the effect that a director is a member, director or officer of another named entity or has a fiduciary relationship with respect to the entity or a named individual and is to be regarded as interested in any transaction which may, after the date of the entry into the transaction or disclosure of the interest, be entered into with that entity or individual, is a sufficient disclosure of interest in relation to that transaction. |
| 14.3 | A Director who is interested in a transaction entered into or to be entered into by the Company may not: |
| (a) | vote on a matter relating to the transaction; |
| (b) | attend a meeting of Directors at which a matter relating to the transaction arises and be included among the Directors present at the meeting for the purposes of a quorum; and |
| (c) | sign a document on behalf of the Company, or do any other thing in his capacity as a Director, that relates to the transaction, |
unless exceptional circumstances dictate that it is in the best interest of the Company that said Director does any of the above actions.
| 15 | INDEMNIFICATION |
| 15.1 | Subject to the limitations hereinafter provided the Company shall indemnify against all expenses, including legal fees, and against all judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and reasonably incurred in connection with legal, administrative or investigative proceedings any person who: |
| (a) | is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed proceedings, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that the person is or was a Director; or |
| (b) | is or was, at the request of the Company, serving as a director of, or in any other capacity is or was acting for, another body corporate or a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise. |
| 15.2 | The indemnity in Regulation 15.1 only applies if the person acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the Company and, in the case of criminal proceedings, the person had no reasonable cause to believe that their conduct was unlawful. |
| 15.3 | For the purposes of Regulation 15.2 and without limitation, a Director acts in the best interests of the Company if they act in the best interests of the Company’s parent in the circumstances specified in Regulation 10.3. |
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| 15.4 | The decision of the Directors as to whether the person acted honestly and in good faith and with a view to the best interests of the Company and as to whether the person had no reasonable cause to believe that their conduct was unlawful is, in the absence of fraud, sufficient for the purposes of the Articles, unless a question of law is involved. |
| 15.5 | The termination of any proceedings by any judgment, order, settlement, conviction or the entering of a nolle prosequi does not, by itself, create a presumption that the person did not act honestly and in good faith and with a view to the best interests of the Company or that the person had reasonable cause to believe that their conduct was unlawful. |
| 15.6 | Expenses, including legal fees, incurred by a Director in defending any legal, administrative or investigative proceedings may be paid by the Company in advance of the final disposition of such proceedings upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the Director to repay the amount if it shall ultimately be determined that the Director is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company in accordance with Regulation 15.1. |
| 15.7 | Expenses, including legal fees, incurred by a former Director in defending any legal, administrative or investigative proceedings may be paid by the Company in advance of the final disposition of such proceedings upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the former Director to repay the amount if it shall ultimately be determined that the former Director is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company in accordance with Regulation 15.1 and upon such terms and conditions, if any, as the Company deems appropriate. |
| 15.8 | The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this section is not exclusive of any other rights to which the person seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under any agreement, Resolution of Shareholders, Resolution of disinterested Directors or otherwise, both as to acting in the person’s official capacity and as to acting in another capacity while serving as a Director. |
| 15.9 | If a person referred to in Regulation 15.1 has been successful in defence of any proceedings referred to in Regulation 15.1, the person is entitled to be indemnified against all expenses, including legal fees, and against all judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with the proceedings. |
| 15.10 | The Company may purchase and maintain insurance in relation to any person who is or was a Director, officer or liquidator of the Company, or who at the request of the Company is or was serving as a director, officer or liquidator of, or in any other capacity is or was acting for, another body corporate or a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against any liability asserted against the person and incurred by the person in that capacity, whether or not the Company has or would have had the power to indemnify the person against the liability as provided in the Articles. |
| 16 | CORPORATE RECORDS |
| 16.1 | The Company shall keep the following documents at the office of its Registered Agent: |
| (a) | the Memorandum and the Articles; |
| (b) | the Register of Members, or a copy of the Register of Members; |
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| (c) | the Register of Directors, or a copy of the Register of Directors; and |
| (d) | copies of all notices and other documents filed by the Company with the Registrar in the previous 10 years. |
| 16.2 | Until the Directors determine otherwise by Resolution of Directors the Company shall keep the original Register of Members and original Register of Directors at the office of its Registered Agent. |
| 16.3 | If the Company maintains only a copy of the Register of Members or a copy of the Register of Directors at the office of its Registered Agent, it shall: |
| (a) | within 15 days of any change in either register, notify the Registered Agent in writing of the change; and |
| (b) | provide the Registered Agent with a written record of the physical address of the place or places at which the original Register of Members or the original Register of Directors is kept. |
| 16.4 | The Company shall keep the following records at the office of its Registered Agent or at such other place or places, within or outside the British Virgin Islands, as the Directors may determine: |
| (a) | minutes of meetings and Resolutions of Directors and committees of Directors; and |
| (b) | minutes of meetings and Resolutions of Shareholders and classes of Shareholders. |
| 16.5 | Where any original records referred to in this Regulation are maintained other than at the office of the Registered Agent of the Company, and the place at which the original records is changed, the Company shall provide the Registered Agent with the physical address of the new location of the records of the Company within 14 days of the change of location. |
| 16.6 | The records kept by the Company under this Regulation shall be in written form or either wholly or partly as electronic records complying with the requirements of the Electronic Transactions Act (as revised) as from time to time amended or re-enacted. |
| 16.7 | The Directors may determine whether and to what extent and at what times and places and under what conditions the accounts and records of the Company shall be open to the inspection of Shareholders who are not Directors. No Shareholder (not being a Director) shall have any right of inspecting any account, book or document of the Company except as provided by the Act or as authorised by the Directors. |
| 17 | SEAL |
| 17.1 | The Company shall have a Seal an impression of which shall be kept at the office of the Registered Agent of the Company. The Company may have more than one Seal and references herein to the Seal shall be references to every Seal which shall have been duly adopted by Resolution of Directors. The Directors shall provide for the safe custody of the Seal and for an imprint thereof to be kept at the Registered Office. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein the Seal when affixed to any written instrument shall be witnessed and attested to by the signature of any one Director or other person so authorised from time to time by Resolution of Directors. Such authorisation may be before or after the Seal is affixed, may be general or specific and may refer to any number of sealings. The Directors may provide for a facsimile of the Seal and of the signature of any Director or authorised person which may be reproduced by printing or other means on any instrument and it shall have the same force and validity as if the Seal had been affixed to such instrument and the same had been attested to as hereinbefore described. |
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| 18 | DISTRIBUTIONS BY WAY OF DIVIDEND |
| 18.1 | The Directors may, by Resolution of Directors, authorise a distribution by way of dividend at a time and of an amount they think fit if they are satisfied, on reasonable grounds, that, immediately after the distribution, the value of the Company’s assets will exceed its liabilities and the Company will be able to pay its debts as they fall due. |
| 18.2 | Dividends may be paid in money, shares, or other property. |
| 18.3 | Notice of any dividend that may have been declared shall be given to each Shareholder as specified in Regulation 20 and all dividends unclaimed for 3 years after having been declared may be forfeited by Resolution of Directors for the benefit of the Company. |
| 18.4 | No dividend shall bear interest as against the Company and no dividend shall be paid on treasury Shares. |
| 19 | ACCOUNTS AND AUDIT |
| 19.1 | The Company shall keep records and underlying documentation that are sufficient to show and explain the Company’s transactions and that will, at any time, enable the financial position of the Company to be determined with reasonable accuracy. |
| 19.2 | The records and underlying documentation of the Company shall be kept at the office of its Registered Agent or at such other place or places, within or outside the British Virgin Islands, as the Directors may determine and if the records and underlying documentation are kept in a location other than the office of the Registered Agent, the Company shall provide the Registered Agent with a written record of: |
| (a) | the physical address of the place at which the records and underlying documentation are kept; and |
| (b) | the name of the person who maintains and controls the Company’s records and underlying documentation. |
| 19.3 | If the location at which the records and underlying documentation are kept or the name of the person who maintains and controls the records and underlying documentation changes, the Company shall, within 14 days of the change provide its Registered Agent with: |
| (a) | the physical address of the new location at which the records and underlying documentation are kept; and |
| (b) | the name of the new person who maintains and controls the Company’s records and underlying documentation. |
18
| 19.4 | Subject to applicable law and the rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market, the accounts of the Company shall be audited at least once in every year. |
| 19.5 | Subject to applicable law and the rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market, the Board may appoint an Auditor, who shall hold office until removed from office by a Resolution of Directors, to audit the accounts of the Company. Such Auditor may be a Shareholder but no Director or officer or employee of the Company shall, during his continuance in office, be eligible to act as an Auditor of the Company. |
| 19.6 | If the office of Auditor becomes vacant by the resignation or death of the Auditor, or by his becoming incapable of acting by reason of illness or other disability at a time when his services are required, the Directors shall fill the vacancy and determine the remuneration of such Auditor. |
| 19.7 | The remuneration of the Auditor shall be determined by the Audit Committee or, in the absence of such an Audit Committee, by the Board. |
| 19.8 | The statement of income and expenditure and the balance sheet of the Company required to be served on every Shareholder or laid before a meeting of the Shareholders shall be examined by the Auditor and compared by him with the books, accounts and vouchers relating thereto; and he shall make a written report thereon stating whether such statement and balance sheet are drawn up so as to give a true and fair view respectively of the profit and loss for the period covered by the accounts, and of the state of affairs of the Company at the end of that period and all the information and explanations required by the Auditor have been obtained and, in case information shall have been called for from Directors or officers of the Company, whether the same has been furnished and has been satisfactory. The financial statements of the Company shall be audited by the Auditor in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. The Auditor shall make a written report thereon in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and the report of the Auditor shall be submitted to the Audit Committee. The generally accepted auditing standards referred to herein may be those of a country or jurisdiction other than the British Virgin Islands. If so, the financial statements and the report of the Auditor should disclose this fact and name such country or jurisdiction. |
| 19.9 | The Auditor shall at all reasonable times have access to all books kept by the Company and to all accounts and vouchers relating thereto; and he may call on the Directors or officers of the Company for any information in their possession relating to the books or affairs of the Company. |
| 19.10 | The Auditor of the Company shall be entitled to receive notice of, and to attend any meetings of Shareholders at which the Company’s profit and loss account and balance sheet are to be presented. |
19
| 20 | NOTICES |
| 20.1 | Any notice, information or written statement to be given by the Company to Shareholders shall be in writing and may be given by personal service, mail, courier, email, or fax to such Shareholder’s address as shown in the Register of Members or to such Shareholder’s email address or fax number as notified by the Shareholder to the Company in writing from time to time. |
| 20.2 | Any summons, notice, order, document, process, information or written statement to be served on the Company may be served by leaving it, or by sending it by registered mail addressed to the Company, at its Registered Office, or by leaving it with, or by sending it by registered mail addressed to the Company at the offices of the Registered Agent of the Company. |
| 20.3 | Where a notice is sent by post, service of the notice shall be deemed to be effected by properly addressing, prepaying and posting a letter containing notice, and shall be deemed to be received on the fifth business day following the day on which the notice was posted. Where a notice is sent by fax or email, notice shall be deemed to be effected by transmitting the email or fax to the address or number provided by the intended recipient and service of the notice shall be deemed to have been received on the same day that it was transmitted. |
| 21 | VOLUNTARY LIQUIDATION |
| 21.1 | Subject to the Act, the Company may by Resolution of Shareholders or by Resolution of Directors appoint an eligible individual as voluntary liquidator alone or jointly with one or more other voluntary liquidators. |
| 22 | CONTINUATION |
| 22.1 | Subject to the Act, Company may by Resolution of Shareholders or by a Resolution passed unanimously by all Directors continue as a company incorporated under the laws of a jurisdiction outside the British Virgin Islands in the manner provided under those laws. |
20
Signed for Overseas Company Services Limited of Unit 8, 3/F., Qwomar Trading Complex, Blackburne Road, Port Purcell, Road Town, British Virgin Islands. VG1110 for the purpose of incorporating a BVI Business Company under the laws of the British Virgin Islands on the 28th day of February 2024:
Incorporator
| (Sgd.) Marisa D. Smith | |
| Marisa D. Smith | |
| Authorised Signatory | |
| Overseas Company Services Limited |
21
Exhibit 5.1
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Harney Westwood & Riegels |
| 3501 The Center | |
| 99 Queen’s Road Central | |
| Hong Kong | |
| Tel: +852 5806 7800 | |
| Fax: +852 5806 7810 |
27 May 2025
raymond.ng@harneys.com
+852 5806 7883
063372-0001-RLN
Charming Medical Limited
Unit 8, 3/F., Qwomar Trading Complex
Blackburne Road, Port Purcell, Road Town, Tortola
British Virgin Islands VG1110
Dear Sir or Madam
Charming Medical Limited (the Company)
We are lawyers qualified to practise in the British Virgin Islands and have acted as British Virgin Islands advisers to the Company in connection with the Company’s registration statement on Form F-1 (the Registration Statement), including all amendments or supplements thereto, and accompanying prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission) under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), relating to the offering by the Company of (a) up to 1,600,000 class A ordinary shares of par value US$0.0001 per share and (b) an option to issue up to 240,000 class A ordinary shares of par value US$0.0001 per share to cover the over-allotment option to be granted to the underwriter (collectively, the IPO Shares).
We are furnishing this opinion as Exhibits 5.1, 8.1 and 23.2 to the Registration Statement.
For the purposes of giving this opinion, we have examined the Documents (as defined in Schedule 1) which we regard as necessary in order to issue this opinion. We have not examined any other documents, official or corporate records or external or internal registers and have not undertaken or been instructed to undertake any further enquiry or due diligence in relation to the transaction which is the subject of this opinion.
In giving this opinion we have relied upon the assumptions set out in Schedule 2 which we have not verified.
Based solely upon the foregoing examinations and assumptions and having regard to legal considerations which we deem relevant, and subject to the qualifications set out in Schedule 3, we are of the opinion that under the laws of the British Virgin Islands:
| The British Virgin Islands is Harneys Hong Kong office’s main
jurisdiction of practice. Jersey legal services are provided through a referral arrangement with Harneys (Jersey) which is an independently owned and controlled Jersey law firm. Resident Partners: M Chu | JP Engwirda | Y Fan | S Gray | P Kay | MW Kwok | IN Mann R Ng | ATC Ridgers | PJ Sephton |
Anguilla | Bermuda | British Virgin Islands |Cayman Islands Cyprus | Hong Kong | Jersey | London | Luxembourg Montevideo | São Paulo | Shanghai | Singapore harneys.com |
| 1 | Existence and Good Standing. The Company is a BVI business company duly incorporated with limited liability, and is validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the British Virgin Islands. The Company is a separate legal entity and is subject to suit in its own name. |
| 2 | Maximum Number of Authorised Shares. Based on our review of the M&A (as defined in Schedule 1), the Company is authorised to issue up to a maximum of 75,000,000 ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.0001, comprising (i) 60,000,000 class A ordinary shares of par value of US$0.0001 each and (ii) 15,000,000 class B ordinary shares of par value of US$0.0001 each. |
| 3 | Valid Issuance of IPO Shares. The allotment and issuance of the IPO Shares as contemplated by the Registration Statement have been duly authorised and, when allotted, issued and fully paid for in accordance with the Registration Statement, and when the names of the shareholders are entered in the register of members of the Company, the IPO Shares will be validly allotted, issued, fully paid and non-assessable. |
| 4 | British Virgin Islands Law. The statements under the headings “Risk Factors”, “Taxation”, “Enforceability of Civil Liabilities” and “Description of Shares” in the prospectus forming part of the Registration Statement, to the extent that they constitute statements of British Virgin Islands law, are accurate in all material respects as at the date of this opinion and such statements constitute our opinion. |
This opinion is confined to the matters expressly opined on herein and given on the basis of the laws of the British Virgin Islands as they are in force and applied by the British Virgin Islands courts at the date of this opinion. We have made no investigation of, and express no opinion on, the laws of any other jurisdiction. Except as specifically stated herein, we express no opinion as to matters of fact. Except as specifically stated herein, we make no comment with respect to any representations and warranties which may be made by or with respect to the Company in the Registration Statement. We express no opinion with respect to the commercial terms of the transactions the subject of this opinion.
In connection with the above opinion, we hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the reference made to this firm in the Registration Statement under the headings “Risk Factors”, “Enforceability of Civil Liabilities”, “Taxation” and “Legal Matters” and elsewhere in the prospectus included in the Registration Statement. In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Rules and Regulations of the Commission thereunder.
This opinion is limited to the matters referred to herein and shall not be construed as extending to any other matter or document not referred to herein.
This opinion shall be construed in accordance with the laws of the British Virgin Islands.
|
Yours faithfully |
|
/s/ Harney Westwood & Riegels |
| Harney Westwood & Riegels |
2
Schedule 1
List of Documents and Records Examined
| 1 | the certificate of incorporation of the Company dated 28 February 2024; |
| 2 | the second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association of the Company filed on 23 May 2025 (the M&A); |
| 3 | the register of directors of the Company provided to us on 7 May 2025; |
| 4 | the register of members of the Company provided to us on 7 May 2025; |
| 5 | a copy of the written resolutions of the sole director of the Company dated 14 May 2025 (the Resolutions); |
| 6 | a certificate of good standing in respect of the Company issued by the Registrar of Corporate Affairs dated 25 April 2025; |
| 7 | a certificate of incumbency in respect of the company issued by the registered agent of the Company, Overseas Company Services Limited, on 23 April 2025; |
| 8 | a certificate from a director of the Company dated 27 May 2025, a copy of which is attached hereto (the Director’s Certificate); and |
| 9 | the Registration Statement filed with the Commission on 27 May 2025. |
(1 to 7 above are the Corporate Documents, and 1 to 9 above are the Documents).
3
Schedule 2
Assumptions
| 1 | Authenticity of Documents. All original Documents are authentic, all signatures, initials and seals are genuine, all copies of Documents are true and correct copies. |
| 2 | Corporate Documents. All matters required by law to be recorded in the Corporate Documents are so recorded, all corporate minutes, resolutions, certificates, documents and records which we have reviewed are accurate and complete, and all facts expressed in or implied thereby are accurate and complete. |
| 3 | Director’s Certificate. The contents of the Director’s Certificate are true and accurate as at the date of this opinion and there is no information not contained in the Director’s Certificate that will in any way affect this opinion. |
| 4 | No Steps to Wind-up. The directors and shareholders of the Company have not taken any steps to appoint a liquidator of the Company and no receiver has been appointed over any of the property or assets of the Company. |
| 5 | Resolutions. The written Resolutions have been duly executed (and where executed by a corporate entity, such execution has been duly authorised if so required) by or on behalf of each director or shareholder (as the case may be), and the signatures and initials thereon are those of a person or persons in whose name the Resolutions have been expressed to be signed. The Resolutions remain in full force and effect. |
| 6 | Unseen Documents. Save for the Documents provided to us there are no resolutions, agreements, documents or arrangements which materially affect, amend or vary the transactions envisaged in the Registration Statement. |
4
Schedule 3
Qualifications
| 1 | Foreign Statutes. We express no opinion in relation to provisions making reference to foreign statutes in the Registration Statement. |
| 2 | Commercial Terms. Except as specifically stated herein, we make no comment with respect to any representations and warranties which may be made by or with respect to the Company in any of the documents or instruments cited in this opinion or otherwise with respect to the commercial terms of the transactions the subject of this opinion. |
| 3 | Meaning of Non-Assessable. In this opinion the phrase non-assessable means, with respect to the issuance of IPO Shares, that a shareholder shall not, in respect of the relevant IPO Shares, have any obligation to make further contributions to the Company’s assets (except in exceptional circumstances, such as involving fraud, the establishment of an agency relationship or an illegal or improper purpose or other circumstances in which a court may be prepared to pierce or lift the corporate veil). |
| 4 | Good Standing. To maintain the Company in good standing under the laws of the British Virgin Islands, it must pay its annual licence fees to the Registrar of Corporate Affairs, and comply with its mandated statutory obligations. |
5
Annex
Director’s Certificate
6
Exhibit 15.1
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Charming Medical Limited
LETTER IN LIEU OF CONSENT FOR REVIEW REPORT
We have reviewed, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements of Charming Medical Limited and its subsidiaries for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, as indicated in our report dated April 28, 2025, because we did not perform an audit, we expressed no opinion on that information.
We also are aware that the aforementioned report, pursuant to Rule 436(c) under the Securities Act of 1933, is not considered a part of the Registration Statement prepared or certified by an accountant or a report prepared or certified by an accountant within the meaning of Sections 7 and 11 of that Act.
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| /s/ WWC, P.C. | |
| San Mateo, California | WWC, P.C. |
| May 27, 2025 | Certified Public Accountants |

Exhibit 23.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We hereby consent to the inclusion of our report dated November 21, 2024 in the Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form F-1, under the Securities Act of 1933 (File No. 333-287258) with respect to the consolidated balance sheets of Charming Medical Limited and its subsidiaries (collectively the “Company”) as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), changes in shareholders’ deficit, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended March 31, 2024, and the related notes included herein.
We also consent to the reference to our firm under the heading “Experts” in the Registration Statement.
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| San Mateo, California |
WWC, P.C. |
| May 27, 2025 | Certified Public Accountants |
| PCAOB ID No. 1171 |

Exhibit 99.8
| 2001081/24/SCCM | 27 May 2025 |
Charming Medical Limited
Room 1803-1806, 18/F
Hang Lung Centre
2-20 Paterson Street
Causeway Bay, Hong Kong
Attn: The Board of Directors
Dear Sir/Madam,
| Re: | Hong Kong Legal Opinion in relation to Charming Medical Limited |
We are qualified lawyers of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China (“Hong Kong”) and as such are qualified to issue this opinion (this “Opinion”) on the laws and regulations of Hong Kong effective as of the date hereof.
We have been engaged (the “Engagement”) as Hong Kong counsel to Charming Medical Limited (the “Company”), a company incorporated under the laws of the British Virgin Islands and limited by shares, and its subsidiaries incorporated in Hong Kong, as set forth in the Company’s registration statement on Form F-1, including all amendments or supplements thereto (the “Registration Statement”), filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933 (as amended and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (the “Rules”), relating to the initial public offering (the “Offering”) by the Company of its Class A ordinary shares, par value US$0.0001 per share (the “Class A Ordinary Shares”) and listing of the Company’s Class A Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market (the “Transaction”). We have been requested to give this Opinion as to the matters set forth below.
Page 1 of 6
| A. | Assumptions |
For the purpose of giving this opinion, we have examined copies of documents provided by the Company, Beautylab Group Medical Limited (“Beautylab”) and its 4 subsidiaries in Hong Kong, namely (1) Pilate International Trading Limited; (2) My Beauty Technology Limited; (3) Dream International Trading (Hong Kong) Limited and (4) Choliya Limited (together the “HK Subsidiaries”) and obtained other relevant documents as we deemed necessary or advisable for the purpose of rendering this Opinion.
Where certain facts were not independently established and verified by us, we have relied upon statements issued or made by, among others, appropriate representatives of the Company, Beautylab, or the HK Subsidiaries.
In rendering this Opinion, we have assumed without independent investigation that (the “Assumptions”):
| (i) | all signatures, seals and chops are genuine, each signature on behalf of a party thereto is that of a person duly authorized by such party to execute the same, all documents (the “Documents”) submitted to us in relation to the Engagement as originals are authentic, and all documents submitted to us as certified or photostatic copies conform to the originals; |
| (ii) | each of the parties to the Documents, (a) if a legal person or other entity, is duly organized and is validly existing in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of organization and/or incorporation; or (b) if an individual, has full capacity for civil conduct; and each of them, has full power and authority to execute, deliver, and perform its/her/his obligations under such documents to which it/she/he is a party in accordance with the laws of its jurisdiction of organization or incorporation, or the laws to which it/she/he is subject; |
| (iii) | the Documents remain in full force and effect on the date of this Opinion and have not been revoked, amended or supplemented, and no amendments, revisions, supplements, modifications or other changes have been made, and no revocation or termination has occurred, with respect to any of such Documents after they were submitted to us for the purposes of this Opinion; |
| (iv) | the accuracy and completeness of all factual representations, whether via oral or written instructions, provided by the Company, Beautylab, and/or the HK Subsidiaries to us; |
Page 2 of 6
| (v) | the information disclosed by company searches and/or other public searches in Hong Kong are accurate and complete as at the time of this Opinion and conforms to records maintained by the Company, Beautylab and/or the HK Subsidiaries, and that such searches would not fail to disclose any information which had been filed with or delivered to the Hong Kong Companies Registry and/or the relevant bodies but had not been processed at the time when the relevant searches were conducted; |
| (vi) | the rights and obligations of the parties to any Document governed by any law other than the laws of Hong Kong are legal, valid, binding and enforceable in accordance with their terms under that governing law (as to which we express no opinion); |
| (vii) | the laws of jurisdictions other than Hong Kong which may be applicable to the execution, delivery, performance or enforcement of the Documents are complied with; |
| (viii) | the instructions and information provided by the Company, Beautylab and/or the HK Subsidiaries are true and accurate to our best belief; and |
| (ix) | there has been no change in the information contained in the latest records of the Company, Beautylab and the HK Subsidiaries and/or any other relevant company under the Hong Kong Companies Registry made up to the issuance of this opinion. |
| B. | Searches |
We have carried out or instructed an agent to carry out and relied on the following searches (the “Searches”):
| (i) | a search (the “Company Searches”) conducted on 27 May 2025 with the Companies Registry of Hong Kong in respect of the public records of the HK Subsidiaries, as at that date; |
| (ii) | a search (the “Intellectual Property Searches”) conducted on 27 May 2025 with the Intellectual Property Department of Hong Kong in respect of the public records of the trademarks and patents ownership of the Company, Beautylab, the HK Subsidiaries and their respective directors, at that date; and a public search conducted on 27 May 2025 in respect of the domain name registration of Beautylab; and |
Page 3 of 6
| (iii) | a search conducted by Commercial Business Information Limited on 12 May 2025 on (a) the winding-up records from the Official Receiver’s Office of Hong Kong (“Winding-Up Searches”) against the Company, Beautylab and the HK Subsidiaries; (b) the litigation records of the Court of Final Appeal, the High Court of Hong Kong, the Court of Appeal, District Court, Small Claims Tribunal, Lands Tribunal and Labour Tribunal of Hong Kong within the past 15 years for civil litigation records (“Civil Litigation Search”) against the Company and its directors, Beautylab and the HK Subsidiaries; and (c) the criminal records in Court of Final Appeal, High Court, the Court of Appeal, District Court and the Magistrates’ Courts in Hong Kong within the past 15 years against the Company and its directors, Beautylab and the HK Subsidiaries (the “Criminal Litigation Search”). |
We have not made any other searches or enquiries.
| C. | Opinions |
Subject to the Assumptions, the Qualifications and the Searches set forth herein and subject to any matters not disclosed to us, and having regard to such considerations of the laws of Hong Kong in force as at the date of this Opinion as we consider relevant, we are of the Opinion that:
| (i) | the HK Subsidiaries are validly existing and in good standing under the laws of Hong Kong. Save as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the HK Subsidiaries are not involved in any material legal proceedings or any legal, governmental, arbitrative proceedings, actions, decisions, demands or orders before any competent court, government agency or arbitration body in Hong Kong; |
| (ii) | based on the Documents provided to us, public searches conducted on 27 May 2025, and the Company’s Confirmation, the allotment and issue of shares of the HK Subsidiaries effected prior to this date are valid and legal, and there are no liens, charges and encumbrances on such shares; |
| (iii) | based on the search conducted by Commercial Business Information Limited on 12 May 2025 and on the public searches conducted on 27 May 2025, there are no winding-up petitions filed against the Company, Beautylab, and the HK Subsidiaries; and |
Page 4 of 6
| (iv) | the Transaction as set forth in the Registration Statement is not in violation of the laws of Hong Kong; and |
| (v) | the statements set forth in the Registration Statement on the cover page, and under the captions “Prospectus Summary - Risk Factors Summary - Permission Required from Hong Kong Authorities”, “Business”, “Regulations”, “Taxation – Hong Kong Taxation”, “Enforceability of Civil Liabilities – Hong Kong” and “Legal Matters”, insofar as such statements purport to describe or summarise Hong Kong legal matters currently in effect at the date of this opinion, are true and accurate in all material respects, and represent a fair and accurate summary in all material respects of the Hong Kong legal matters stated therein as at the date hereof. |
| D. | Qualifications |
Our opinion expressed above is subject to the following qualifications (“Qualifications”):
| (i) | our opinion is limited to the laws of Hong Kong of general application on the date hereof. We have made no investigation of, and do not express or imply any views on, the laws of any jurisdiction other than Hong Kong. Accordingly, we express or imply no opinion directly or indirectly on the laws of any jurisdiction other than Hong Kong; |
| (ii) | the laws of Hong Kong referred to herein are laws and regulations publicly available and currently in force on the date hereof and there is no guarantee that any of such laws and regulations, or the interpretation or enforcement thereof, will not be changed, amended or revoked in the future with or without retrospective effect. Our opinion is given on the basis that we have no obligation to notify any addressee of this opinion of any change in Hong Kong laws or its application after the date of this opinion; |
| (iii) | our opinion is subject to the effects of (a) certain legal or statutory principles affecting the enforceability of contractual rights generally under the concepts of public interest, social ethics, national security, good faith, fair dealing, and applicable statutes of limitation; (b) any circumstance in connection with formulation, execution or performance of any legal documents that would be deemed materially mistaken, clearly unconscionable, fraudulent, coercionary or concealing illegal intentions with a lawful form; (c) judicial discretion with respect to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief, remedies or defenses, or calculation of damages; and (d) the discretion of any competent Hong Kong legislative, administrative or judicial bodies in exercising their authority in Hong Kong; |
Page 5 of 6
| (iv) | this Opinion is issued based on our understanding of the laws of Hong Kong that are currently in effect. For matters not explicitly provided under the laws of Hong Kong, the future interpretation, implementation and application of the specific requirements under the laws of Hong Kong are subject to the final discretion of competent Hong Kong legislative, administrative and judicial authorities, and there can be no assurance that the government agencies will not ultimately take a view that is contrary to our opinion stated above; |
| (v) | we may rely, as to matters of fact (but not as to legal conclusions), to the extent we deem proper, on certificates and confirmations of responsible officers of the Company, Beautylab, and the HK Subsidiaries and public searches conducted in Hong Kong and such matters of facts and the legal conclusions drawn therefrom are subject to any limitation, disclaimers or qualifications therein, and that they are further subject to and limited by the documents and information made available to us, including without limitation the Company’s, Beautylab’s, and the HK Subsidiaries’ internal records, corporate records, and other documents which may not be a complete and accurate representation or record of the matters contained therein; |
| (vi) | this Opinion is intended to be used in the context which is specifically referred to herein. It should be read as a whole and each paragraph of the Opinion should not be read independently; |
| (vii) | as used in this Opinion, the expression “to our best knowledge” or similar language with reference to matters of fact refers to the current actual knowledge of the solicitors of this firm who have worked on matters for the Company in connection with the Offering and the transactions contemplated thereunder. We have not undertaken any independent investigation to determine the existence or absence of any fact, and no inference as to our knowledge of the existence or absence of any fact should be drawn from our representation of the Company or the rendering of this Opinion; |
| (viii) | nothing in this Opinion shall be construed as an opinion that the Registration Statement complies with any legal or regulatory requirement as to its contents; and |
| (ix) | this Opinion is strictly limited to the matters stated herein and no opinion is implied or may be inferred beyond the matters expressly stated herein. This Opinion is rendered only as of the date hereof, and we assume no responsibility to advise you of facts, circumstances, events or developments that hereafter may be brought to our attention and that may alter, affect or modify the Opinion. |
This Opinion is delivered solely for the purpose of and in connection with the Registration Statement publicly filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on the date of this Opinion and may not be used for any other purpose without our prior written consent.
We hereby consent to the use of this Opinion in, and the filing hereof as an exhibit to, the Registration Statement, and to the reference to our name in such Registration Statement. In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the regulations promulgated thereunder.
| Yours faithfully, | |
| /s/ Fairbairn Catley Low & Kong | |
| Fairbairn Catley Low & Kong |
Page 6 of 6
Exhibit 99.9
Charming Medical Limited
Units 1803-1806, 18/F, Hang Lung Centre
2-20 Paterson Street, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong
May 27, 2025
VIA EDGAR
Division of Corporation Finance
Office of Industrial Applications and Services
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
100 F Street, NE
Washington, D.C., 20549
| Re: | Charming Medical Limited |
| Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No.: 333-287258) | |
| Request for Waiver and Representation under Item 8.A.4 of Form 20-F |
Ladies and Gentlemen:
The undersigned, Charming Medical Limited, a foreign private issuer organized under the laws of the British Virgin Islands (the “Company”), is submitting this letter via EDGAR to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) in connection with the Company’s registration statement on Form F-1, as amended, initially filed on May 14, 2025 (the “Registration Statement”) relating to a proposed initial public offering and listing in the United States of the Company’s Class A Ordinary Shares.
The Registration Statement contains audited consolidated financial statements for the two years ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, in each case prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and unaudited interim financial statements for the six months ended September 30, 2024.
The Company respectfully requests that the Commission waive the requirement of Item 8.A.4 of Form 20-F, which states that in the case of a company’s initial public offering, the registration statement on Form F-1 must contain audited financial statements of a date not older than 12 months from the date of the offering (the “12-Month Requirement”). See also Division of Corporation Finance, Financial Reporting Manual, Section 6220.3.
The Company is submitting this waiver request pursuant to Instruction 2 to Item 8.A.4 of Form 20-F, which provides that the Commission will waive the 12-Month Requirement “in cases where the company is able to represent adequately to us that it is not required to comply with this requirement in any other jurisdiction outside the United States and that complying with this requirement is impracticable or involves undue hardship.” See also the 2004 release entitled International Reporting and Disclosure Issues in the Division of Corporation Finance (available on the Commission’s website at http://www.sec.gov/divisions/corpfin/internatl/cfirdissues1104.htm) by the staff of the Division of Corporation Finance of the Commission at Section III.B.c, in which the staff notes that:
“the instruction indicates that the staff will waive the 12-month requirement where it is not applicable in the registrant’s other filing jurisdictions and is impracticable or involves undue hardship. As a result, we expect that the vast majority of IPOs will be subject only to the 15-month rule. The only times that we anticipate audited financial statements will be filed under the 12-month rule are when the registrant must comply with the rule in another jurisdiction, or when those audited financial statements are otherwise readily available.”
In connection with this waiver request, the Company represents to the Commission that:
| 1. | The Company is not currently a public reporting company in any jurisdiction. |
| 2. | The Company is not required by any jurisdiction outside the United States to prepare consolidated financial statements audited under any generally accepted auditing standards for any interim period. |
| 3. | Full compliance with Item 8.A.4 of Form 20-F at present is impracticable and involves undue hardship for the Company. |
| 4. | The Company does not anticipate that its audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025 will be available until late June 2025. |
| 5. | In no event will the Company seek effectiveness of the Registration Statement if its audited financial statements are older than 15 months at the time of the Company’s initial public offering. |
The Company is filing this letter as an exhibit to the Registration Statement pursuant to Instruction 2 to Item 8.A.4 of Form 20-F.
Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any questions regarding the foregoing or if we can provide any additional information.
| Very truly yours, | ||
| Charming Medical Limited | ||
| /s/ Kit Wong | ||
| Name: | Kit Wong | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board | |