As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 16, 2021

Registration Statement No. 333-

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM S-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

SAVE FOODS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Save Foods, Inc.

Kibbutz Alonim, Israel, 3657700

Tel: (347) 468 9583

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

David Palach

Chief Executive Officer

Save Foods, Inc.

Kibbutz Alonim, Israel, 3657700

Tel: (347) 468 9583

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

Copies to:

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this registration statement.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box: [X]

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. [  ]

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. [  ]

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. [  ]

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

The registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment that specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act, or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement related to these securities filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is declared effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy these securities and we are not soliciting offers to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

            Shares

Common Stock

Save Foods, Inc.

We are offering up to shares of our Common Stock par value $0.0001 per share (“Common Stock”). We anticipate that the initial public offering price will be between $          and $        . We have applied to list our Common Stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “SVFD.” No assurance can be given that our application will be approved or that a trading market will develop.

Our Common Stock is currently traded on the OTC Markets, Pink Open Market, under the symbol “SAFO.” On March 9, 2021, the last reported sale price of our Common Stock was $24 per share.

Investing in our securities involves risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 14 of this prospectus for a discussion of the risks that you should consider in connection with an investment in our securities. Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

We have granted the underwriters an option for a period of 45 days to purchase up to         additional shares of our Common Stock.

We estimate the expenses of this offering, excluding underwriting discounts and commissions, will be approximately $          .

The underwriters expect to deliver the Company’s securities to the purchasers on or about              , 2021.

ThinkEquity

a division of Fordham Financial Management, Inc.

The date of this prospectus is          , 2021.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus and any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering. Neither we nor the underwriters have authorized anyone to provide you with information that is different. We are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, the securities covered hereby only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The information in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of the securities covered hereby. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date. We are not, and the underwriters are not, making an offer of these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer is not permitted. You should also read and consider the information in the documents to which we have referred you under the caption “Where You Can Find Additional Information” in the prospectus. In addition, this prospectus contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described herein, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to herein have been filed or will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and you may obtain copies of those documents as described below under the heading “Where You Can Find Additional Information.”

For investors outside the United States: Neither we nor any of the underwriters have taken any action that would permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of the securities covered hereby and the distribution of this prospectus outside of the United States.

This prospectus includes statistical and other industry and market data that we obtained from industry publications and research, surveys and studies conducted by third parties. Industry publications and third-party research, surveys and studies generally indicate that their information has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, although they do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information. We believe that the data obtained from these industry publications and third-party research, surveys and studies are reliable. We are ultimately responsible for all disclosure included in this prospectus.

Except where the context requires otherwise, in this prospectus the “Company,” “Save Foods,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Save Foods, Inc., a Delaware corporation and, where appropriate, its subsidiary, Save Foods Ltd.

In June 2019, we implemented a one-for-fifteen reverse stock split of our common stock pursuant to which holders of our Common Stock received one share of our Common Stock for every fifteen shares of Common Stock held.

On February 23, 2021, we implemented a one-for-seven reverse stock split of our common stock pursuant to which holders of our Common Stock received one share of our Common Stock for every seven shares of Common Stock held. Unless the context expressly dictates otherwise, all references to share and per share amounts referred to herein reflect the reverse stock split.

Cautionary NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements, including statements regarding the progress and timing of our product development, the goals of our development activities, estimates of the potential markets for our products, estimates of the capacity of manufacturing and other facilities to support our products, our expected future revenues, operations and expenditures and projected cash needs. The forward-looking statements are contained principally in the sections of this prospectus entitled “Prospectus Summary” “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Business.” These statements relate to future events of our financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievement to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Those risks and uncertainties include, among others:

Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “projects,” “predicts,” “potential,” or the negative of those terms, and similar expressions and comparable terminology intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements reflect our current views with respect to future events and are based on assumptions and subject to risks and uncertainties. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date of this prospectus and, except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or review publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise after the date of this prospectus. You should read this prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, the documents referenced in this prospectus and the documents filed as exhibits to the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part, completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

This summary highlights information about us, this offering and selected information contained elsewhere in and does not contain all of the information that you should consider in making your investment decision. Before investing in our securities, you should carefully read this entire prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein, including our financial statements and the related notes and the information set forth under the sections titled “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” Unless otherwise indicated, all share amounts and per share amounts in this prospectus have been presented on a retrospective and pro forma basis to reflect the reverse stock split of our outstanding shares of common stock at a ratio of 1-for-7 which we effected on February 23, 2021.

Our Company

We develop eco-friendly “green” solutions for the food industry. Our solutions are developed to improve the food safety and shelf life of fresh produce. We do this by controlling human and plant pathogens, thereby reducing spoilage, and in turn, reducing food loss.

Our products are based on a proprietary blend of food acids which have a synergistic effect when combined with certain types of oxidizing agent-based sanitizers and fungicides at low concentrations. Our “green” products are capable of cleaning, sanitizing and controlling pathogens on fresh produce with the goal of making them safer for human consumption and extending their shelf life by reducing their decay. One of the main advantages of our products is that our active ingredients do not leave any toxicological residues on the fresh produce we treat. In contrary, by forming a temporary protective shield around the fresh produce we treat, our products make it difficult for pathogens to develop and potentially provide protection which also reduces cross-contamination.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) Food Safety Modernization Act (the “FSMA”) is transforming the United States’ food safety system by shifting the focus from responding to foodborne illness to preventing it. According to the recent data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 48 million people in the United States get sick each year from foodborne diseases. We believe this is a significant public health burden that is largely preventable. Since 2018, the FDA has a legislative mandate to require comprehensive, science-based preventive controls across the food supply such as the implementation of sanitizers into fresh produce at packing houses to ensure they are cleaned from human pathogens.

In addition, most conventional chemical pesticides (fungicides), which are currently used to protect fresh produce from microbial spoilage and reduce food waste, are toxic, they remain on fruit peel and present health concerns, while also polluting the environment. Therefore, the use of these products is strictly regulated and their residue on food and on the environment are carefully monitored. Today’s trends led by both consumers and regulatory bodies are to significantly reduce the use of fungicides and switch to greener solutions. In a series of studies conducted in collaboration with a large post-harvest service company during the second quarter of 2020, our products have shown to extend the shelf life of fresh produce in “organic” (where no fungicides are used at the post-harvest stage) and conventional (where fungicides are being used at the post-harvest stage) settings. On average, our products may reduce the rotten fruits at the retail level by 50%.

We have a unique opportunity to make a positive difference throughout the food value chain from field to fork and address two of the major’s challenges in the food industry today — safety and waste. We target major markets that use conventional chemical pesticides and sanitizers, including the pre- and post-harvest market, the greenhouse market and the fresh-cut market, where our “green” products are used as alternatives for, or mixed with, conventional products in order to reduce (i) health and environmental concerns, and/or (ii) microbial resistance that has reduced the efficacy of conventional chemical pesticides.

Our Core Products

Our innovative products address two of the most significant challenges in the food industry: increase food safety and reduce food loss. Our main product lines consist of a proprietary blend of organic food acids applied in post-harvest applications designed to ensure food safety and increase fruit and vegetable’ shelf life by reducing microbial spoilage.

The main steps in post-harvest applications are cleaning, sanitization, and coating (wax). Our products address the cleaning and sanitization application points which are the critical first steps for preserving the quality of fresh produce by controlling microbial contamination related to food safety (e.g., Listeria, Salmonella, E. coli) and food loss due to microbial spoilage (e.g., fungi, mold and yeast).

One of the main advantages of our food acid blend is its non-toxic and safe residues that are providing protection to the treated produce. All the blend ingredients are recognized by the FDA as Generally Recognized as Safe (the “GRAS”). Moreover, they significantly reduce or eliminate the need for additional post-harvest applications with conventional fungicide by at least 50%, and in some cases entirely, and can reduce food waste due to spoilage by up to 50% (see results below on easy peelers and mango).

Our main products are currently being used as:

Our product portfolio also includes our SpuDefender, which targets and is designed to control the post-harvest potato sprout, and our FreshProtect, which targets and is designed to control spoilage-creating microorganisms on post-harvest citrus fruit and has a potential to reduce the bacterial load entering the packing house in pre-harvest applications.

Our Strengths

We believe that our main strengths include:

Our Strategy

In September 2018, the Company changed its organizational structure and management team. After reviewing the Company’s then existing strategy and results of operation, as well as examining the market opportunities, the new management team decided to update the Company’s strategy, reduce the marketing and sales of its existing products, and focus the Company’s efforts and financial resources in developing its next generation products. During the years 2019 and 2020, we developed, validated and tested the efficacy of our next generation product – a blend of food acids – on a variety of crops in small and large scale commercial pilots.

Our strategy is to develop and commercialize our products through strategic partnerships with global post-harvest service companies and with large food distributors and retailers with the intent of: (i) extending the shelf life of fresh produce while reducing (and even eliminating) the use of harmful chemicals (fungicides); (ii) ensuring food safety and shelf life by controlling foodborne pathogens and allow our customers to meet FSMA regulatory requirements; (iii) reducing food loss and the associated carbon “footprint.”

In order to achieve our goals, we intend to:

Our selling and marketing strategy is twofold:

Summary Risk Factors

Our business is subject to a number of risks, including risks that may prevent us from achieving our business objectives or may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and prospects that you should consider before making a decision to invest in our Common Stock. These risks are discussed more fully in the section titled “Risk Factors” beginning on page 14 of this prospectus, and include the following:

Corporate Information

We were incorporated in the State of Delaware on April 1, 2009. Our principal executive offices are located at Kibbutz Alonim, Israel, 3657700 and our telephone number is (347) 468 9583. Our website address is www.savefoods.co. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our websites is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus and is intended for informational purposes only.

The SEC also maintains an Internet website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. Our filings with the SEC are also available to the public through the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

This prospectus contains trademarks, trade names and service marks of other companies, which are the property of their respective owners. Solely for convenience, trademarks, trade names and service marks referred to in this prospectus may appear without the ®, ™ or SM symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent permitted under applicable law, our rights or the right of the applicable licensor to these trademarks, trade names and service marks. We do not intend our use or display of other parties’ trademarks, trade names or service marks to imply, and such use or display should not be construed to imply, a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of us by, these other parties.

The Offering

The number of Common Stock that will be outstanding after this offering as shown above is based on 1,606,760 shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding as of the date of this prospectus, and the issuance and sale of             shares of our Common Stock in this offering at a public offering price of $            per share. This number excludes:

Unless otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus assumes and gives effect to:

Summary Consolidated Financial Data

The following table summarizes our consolidated financial data as of, and for the periods ended on, the dates indicated. We have derived the following consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in the future. The following summary consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. Our consolidated financial statements are prepared and presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).

RISK FACTORS

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information in this prospectus, including our financial statements and related notes, before deciding whether to purchase shares of our securities. If any of the following risks is realized, our business, operating results, financial condition and prospects could be materially and adversely affected. In that event, the price of our Common Stock could decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment.

Risks Related to Our Financial Condition and Capital Requirements

We have a history of operating losses and expect to incur additional losses in the future.

We have sustained losses in recent years, which as of December 31, 2020, accumulated to $12.3 million, including an operating net loss of $1.3 million and $1.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. We are likely to continue to incur significant net losses for at least the next several years as we continue to pursue our strategy, which is currently focused on research and development. Our losses have had, and will continue to have, an adverse effect on our stockholders’ equity and working capital. Any failure to achieve and maintain profitability would continue to have an adverse effect on our stockholders’ equity and working capital and could result in a decline in our share price or cause us to cease operations.

We have not generated significant revenue from the sale of our products and do not believe that our current cash on hand will be sufficient to fund our growth plans or our projected operating requirements. This raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. In addition, the report of our independent registered public accounting firm contains an explanatory paragraph regarding substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

Our ability to become profitable depends upon our ability to generate revenue. We have not yet generated any material revenues and we do not know when, or if, we will generate any such revenue. We currently have no sources of recurring revenue and are therefore dependent upon external sources for financing our operations. There can be no assurance that we will succeed in obtaining the necessary financing to continue our operations.

This raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. In addition, the report of our independent registered public accounting firm contains an explanatory paragraph regarding substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Our audited financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of the uncertainty regarding our ability to continue as a going concern. This going concern opinion could materially limit our ability to raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or debt securities or otherwise. Further reports on our financial statements may include an explanatory paragraph with respect to our ability to continue as a going concern. If we cannot continue as a going concern, our investors may lose their entire investment in our Common Stock.

Even if this offering is successful, we expect that we will need to raise significant additional capital, which we may be unable to obtain.

Our capital requirements in connection with our research and development activities and transition to commercial operations have been, and will continue to be significant. We will require additional funds to continue research, development and testing of our technologies and products, to obtain intellectual property protection relating to our technologies when appropriate, and to market our products. There can be no assurance that financing will be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all. In either of the aforementioned situations, we may not be able to fully implement its growth plans.

Additional financings that we may require in the future will dilute the percentage ownership interests of our stockholders and may adversely affect our earnings and net book value per share. In addition, we may not be able to secure any such additional financing on terms acceptable to us, if at all. Moreover, if we are unable to obtain such additional capital as discussed above, we will be required to stop our operations, and will resume our activities, only after capital is raised.

Risks Related to Our Business, Industry and Business Operations

Because of our limited operating history, we may not be able to successfully operate our business or execute our business plan.

In September 2018, the Company changed its organizational structure and management team. After reviewing the Company’s then existing strategy and results of operation, as well as examining the market opportunities, the new management team decided to update the Company’s strategy, reduce the marketing and sales of its existing products, and focus the Company’s efforts and financial resources in developing its next generation products. During the years 2019 and 2020, we developed, validated and tested the efficacy of our next generation product – a blend of food acids – on a variety of crops in small and large scale commercial pilots.

Given our limited operating history, it is hard to evaluate our proposed business and prospects. Our proposed business operations will be subject to numerous risks, uncertainties, expenses and difficulties associated with early-stage enterprises. Such risks include, but are not limited to, the following:

Because we are subject to these risks, evaluating our business may be difficult, our business strategy may be unsuccessful and we may be unable to address such risks in a cost-effective manner, if at all. If we are unable to successfully address these risks our business could be harmed.

Our products and technology require additional trials.

The efficacy of our products has only been shown in the limited number of pathogens tested on certain produce and aforementioned climates, and therefore our products have yet to be proven against certain additional and relevant pathogens, produce and market climates to validate the efficacy and benefits of our products. However, due to COVID-19, and the current restrictions on travels, we may delay or postpone certain of our planned trials.

The commercial success of our new generation products, as well as any future products, depends upon the degree of market acceptance by the packing house community as well as by other prospect markets and industries.

In order to achieve high volume sales and attain a leading market share and become the new standard of treatment, our products must not only be approved by the regulators, but also endorsed by the major packing houses and service providers, retailers of fruits and vegetables as well as environmental organizations. Our success depends on our ability to create significant value to the growers, the packing houses and the food retailers. We are aware of this key factor and are focusing on conducting large scale trials with major fruits and vegetables packers and retail suppliers of fresh consumed goods in several countries, in order to show the efficacy of the products and our technology, and to receive the recognition of packers and retailers. However, there can be no assurances that we will succeed in such an endeavor, nor is it clear how long it will take until we receive market recognition.

There can be no assurance that any product that we bring to the market will gain market acceptance by prospective customers. The commercial success of our new generation products and any future product depends in part on the packing house community as well as other industries for various use cases, depending on the acceptance by such industries of our technology as a useful and cost-effective solution compared to current solutions. If our new generation products or any future product does not achieve an adequate level of acceptance, we may not generate significant product revenue and may not become profitable. The degree of market acceptance of our products will depend on a number of factors, including:

Our efforts to penetrate the packing house industry and educate the marketplace on the benefits of our products may require significant resources and may never be successful.

The COVID-19 pandemic, or any other pandemic, epidemic or outbreak of an infectious disease, may materially and adversely affect our business and operations.

The outbreak of COVID-19, which originated in Wuhan, China, in late 2019, has since spread across the globe, including the United States, Israel and many European countries in which we operate. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak a pandemic. While COVID-19 is still spreading and the final implications of the pandemic are difficult to estimate at this stage, it is clear that it has affected the lives of a large portion of the global population. At this time, the pandemic has caused states of emergency to be declared in various countries, travel restrictions imposed globally, quarantines established in certain jurisdictions and various institutions and companies being closed. We are actively monitoring the pandemic and we are taking all necessary measures to respond to the situation in cooperation with the various stakeholders.

A COVID-19 infection outbreak among our workforce could result in a temporary or long-term disruption in our business activities, including manufacturing and other functions.

Based on guidelines provided by the Israeli Government, employers (including us) are required to prepare and increase as much as possible the capacity and arrangement for employees to work remotely. In that regard, and in compliance with all applicable Israeli rules and guidelines, our offices have remained closed since the middle of March 2020, and all of our employees currently work remotely. In addition, some of our employees, including our Chief Technology Officer, are currently on a temporary leave without pay (furlough) and we have postpend some of our planned field tests due to the current restriction on international travels.

We may face significant competition from other companies looking to develop or acquire new alternative environmentally friendly solutions for the treatment of fruits and vegetables, and other edible matter.

We expect to face significant competition in every aspect of our business, and particularly from other companies that seek to enter our focal market. As regulators continue to move away from current residue chemical solutions, such as chlorpropham or CIPC, existing suppliers of these solutions are continually looking to develop or acquire new alternative environment-friendly solutions that can sustain their market share and revenue streams, or to enable the continuance of CIPC at current levels in new ways of treatment. Additionally, as market opportunity becomes eminent, competitors and new players will most likely attempt to develop similar or comparable solutions. It is possible that superior or more cost-effective alternative technology will emerge that will achieve greater market acceptance and render our products less competitive. Furthermore, existing vendors can cooperate to combat new players by reducing market prices and margins or other competitive initiatives. Our future success will therefore depend, to a large extent, upon our ability to achieve market acceptance of our innovative solutions as well as develop and introduce new products and enhancements to existing products. No assurance can be given that we will be able to compete in such a marketplace.

The market for post-harvest solutions is fragmented with various regional suppliers. The market of post-harvest treatments for fruits and vegetables is dominated by five large players with wide reach across the globe. We believe that the principal factors of competition in our industry include reputation, product quality, customer service and customer intimacy, product innovation, technical service and value creation.

Our success is dependent upon the acceptance of our environmentally friendly solutions for fruits and vegetables.

Our future success is dependent upon the acceptance of our environmentally friendly, non-toxicresidual treatment solutions for fruits and vegetables. While the market is signaling that such a direction is likely, certain trends as well as the future size of this market, and other potential markets for our products, rely upon a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control. For example, both the failure to convince retailers to bear additional costs for “green” fruit and vegetables as well as the failure to persuade consumers to purchase “green” fruits and vegetables for higher prices may adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flow going forward.

We may be unable to respond effectively to technological changes in our industry, which could reduce the demand for our products.

Our future business success will depend upon our ability to maintain and enhance our technological capabilities and develop and market products, services and applications that meet changing customer needs and market conditions in a cost-effective and timely manner. Maintaining and enhancing technological capabilities and developing new products may also require significant investments in research and development. We may not be successful in developing new products, services and technology that successfully compete or be able to anticipate changing customer needs and preferences, and our customers may not accept one or more of our new products or services. If we fail to keep pace with evolving technological innovations or fail to modify our products and services in response to customers’ needs or preferences, then our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

We currently rely on a limited number of suppliers to produce certain key components of our products.

We rely on unaffiliated contract manufacturers to produce certain key components of our products. In Israel, we are working with a well-known producer of chemicals, SasaTech, who is responsible for the production of our products. SasaTech is well known for its knowledge and handling of hydrogen peroxide. In the United States, we have worked for the past few years with Seeler Industries, a national leader in the marketing and handling of hydrogen peroxide. There is limited available manufacturing capacity that meets our quality standards and regulatory requirements, especially for the manufacturing of the SF3H and SF3HS with one of their active ingredient – hydrogen peroxide – as well as for FreshProtect with one of its active ingredient – PO3. If we are unable to arrange for sufficient production capacity among our contract manufacturers or if our contract manufacturers encounter production, quality, financial, or other difficulties, including labor or geopolitical disturbances, we may encounter difficulty in meeting customer demands as we seek alternative sources of supply, or we may have to make financial accommodations to such contract manufacturers or otherwise take steps to mitigate supply disruption. We may be unable to locate an additional or alternate contract manufacturer that meets our quality controls and standards and regulatory requirements in a timely manner or on commercially reasonable terms. Any such difficulties could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, which could be material.

If we are unable to establish sales, marketing and distribution capabilities or enter into successful relationships with third parties to perform these services, we may not be successful in commercializing our products.

We have a limited selling and marketing infrastructure and have limited experience in the sale, marketing or distribution of products. To achieve commercial success for any product for which we have obtained marketing approval, we will need to enter into collaborations with third parties like post-harvest service companies and establish a selling and marketing infrastructure or to out-license our products.

In the future, we may consider building a focused selling and marketing infrastructure to market our products in the United States or elsewhere in the world. There are risks involved with establishing our own sales, marketing and distribution capabilities. For example, recruiting and training a sales force could be expensive and time consuming and could delay any product launch. This may be costly, and our investment would be lost if we cannot retain or reposition our selling and marketing personnel.

Factors that may inhibit our efforts to commercialize our products on our own include:

If we are unable to establish our own sales, marketing and distribution capabilities or enter into successful arrangements with third parties to perform these services, our revenues and our profitability may be materially adversely affected.

In addition, we may not be successful in entering into arrangements with third parties to sell, market and distribute our products in our target markets, including first the United States, Mexico, Spain, Italy and Israel, or may be unable to do so on terms that are favorable to us. We likely will have little control over such third parties, and any of them may fail to devote the necessary resources and attention to sell and market our products effectively. If we do not establish sales, marketing and distribution capabilities successfully, either on our own or in collaboration with third parties, we will not be successful in commercializing our product candidates.

We rely on rapidly establishing global distributorship network in order to effectively market our products.

We have developed initial partnerships with local partners. In order to expand selling and marketing globally, and capture leading market share before any potential reaction from the competitors, we will need to rapidly expand geographically and establish a global distribution network. This is likely to put pressure on our management, financial and operational resources. In order to mitigate this factor, once we establish a significant presence in the market, we will proceed to establish strategic partnerships with some of the leading players in the market; however, there are no assurances that we will succeed in establishing such partnerships, which may harm the marketing of our products and the development of our business.

The results of our early tests may not be indicative of results in future tests and we cannot assure you that any planned or future tests will lead to results sufficient for the necessary regulatory approvals.

Our products have been tested in multiple commercial and small-scale pilots on certain types of produce and during specific time of the year. We are currently in the development and optimization phases of these products. Results from our later-stage commercial tests may show lower efficacy than our early-tests conducted previously and we cannot guarantee that when commercialized, our products will be effective and stable and product improvements as well as possible changes in the application and usage protocol may be required. These factors may significantly delay receipts of regulatory approvals, and the introduction of our products into the market. Likewise, we cannot be sure these products will be commercially viable, and have no assurances that we will be able to expand upon our current product offerings or that any such expansion will generate revenue.

Our products are highly regulated by governmental agencies in the countries where we conduct business and into which we plan to expand. Our failure to obtain regulatory approvals and registration, to comply with registration and regulatory requirements or to maintain regulatory approvals would have an adverse impact on our ability to market and sell our products.

Some of our products are subject to technical review and approval by government authorities in each country where we currently conduct our business and where we intend to sell our products.

The regulatory requirements to which we are subject are complex and vary from country to country. To obtain new registrations, it is necessary to have a local registrant, and to understand the country’s regulatory requirements, both at the time an application for registration is submitted and when the registration decision is made, which may be several years later. A significant investment in registration data is required (covering all aspects from manufacturing specifications through storage and transport, use, and, finally, disposal of unwanted product and used containers) to ensure that product performance (e.g. bio efficacy), intrinsic hazards and use patterns are fully characterized. Risk assessments are conducted by government regulatory authorities who make the final decision on whether the documented risk associated with a product and active ingredient is acceptable prior to granting approval for sale. This process may be prolonged due to requirements for additional data or internal administrative processes. There is a risk that registration of a new product may not be obtained or that a product label may be severely reduced, restricting the use of the product. If these circumstances arise, there is a risk that the substantial investments made in product development will generate the projected sales that justified the investment, and our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by failure to obtain new registrations.

Products that are already approved may be subject to periodic review by regulatory authorities in many countries. Such reviews frequently require the provision of new data and more complex risk assessments. The outcome of such reviews of existing registrations cannot be guaranteed and registrations may be modified or canceled. Since all government regulatory authorities have the right to review existing registrations at any time, the sustainability of the existing portfolio cannot be guaranteed. Existing registrations may be lost at any time, resulting in an immediate impact on sales. Furthermore, prior to expiration, it is necessary to renew registrations. The renewal period and processes vary by country and may require additional studies to support the renewal process. Failure to comply could result in cancellation of the registration, resulting in an impact on sales.

In addition, new laws and regulations may be introduced, or existing laws and regulations may be changed or may become subject to new interpretations, which could result in additional compliance costs, seizures, confiscations, recalls, monetary fines or delays that could affect us or our customers.

Our success is dependent upon our ability to achieve regulatory approvals and registration in the United States and abroad (Mexico, Israel, Spain and Italy), which might take longer periods than expected.

We are subject to extensive national, state and local government regulation. A critical key to our success and ability to expand our business is our ability to obtain regulatory approvals and registration in the United States and in other countries for the use of our products. The regulatory approvals of some of our products are dependent on trials to show the efficacy and the non-toxicity of our products, and are time and cost consuming. We do not anticipate any significant problems in obtaining future required licenses, permits or approvals that are necessary to expand our business, however such registration filling might take longer period than expected due to various factors including the recent disruptions in regular services as a result of COVID-19, and it might delay obtaining such regulatory approvals, or might cause delays in starting operations on a large scale in these countries and other jurisdictions.

The inherent dangers in production and transportation of hydrogen peroxide and highly concentrated organic acids could cause disruptions and could expose us to potentially significant losses, costs or other liabilities.

Our operations are subject to significant hazards and risks inherent to the transportation of the active ingredient of one of our products – hydrogen peroxide. In high concentrations, our blend of acids has a very low pH which may lead to skin burn and hydrogen peroxide is an aggressive oxidizer and both can corrode many materials. We are working with limited low concentration of the material, however in high concentrations of H₂O₂ it will react violently. Hydrogen peroxide should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area and away from any flammable or combustible substances. It should be transported in special tanks and vehicles and should be stored in a container composed of non-reactive materials. These hazards and risks include, but are not limited to fires, explosions, third-party interference (including terrorism) and mechanical failure of equipment at our or third-party facilities. The occurrence of any of these events could result in production and distribution difficulties and disruptions, personal injury or wrongful death claims and other damage to properties.

Our business and operations may be affected by climate change conditions, which could materially harm our financial results.

Our business may be affected from changes in climate conditions as such events would affect the crops and their storability in those cases where there is unusually warm, dry, humid or cold weather before cropping.

In such instances, we may suffer a decrease in revenues as a result of a smaller storage volume of rooms or shorter storage period. We anticipate that once we increase our operations, and enter certain markets which experience or will experience significant climate change, such as above-common rain fall, heat waves, dry air conditions, and unusually cold or prolonged cold weather conditions, such events may materially impact our financial results.

Conditions in the global economy may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operation.

Although demand for fresh horticultural products is considered inelastic in developed economies, the fresh produce and citrus industries that we sell to may be affected by material changes in supply, market prices, exchange rates and general economic conditions. Delays or reductions in our customers’ purchasing or shifts to lower-cost alternatives that result from tighter economic market conditions would reduce demand for our products and services and could, consequently, have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our relationship with our employees could deteriorate, and certain key employees could leave, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Our business involves complex operations and demands a management team to determine and implement our strategy and workforce that is knowledgeable and has expertise in many areas necessary for our operations. As a company focused on research and development in the highly-specialized horticultural post-harvest field, we rely on our ability to attract and retain skilled employees, consultants and contractors, including our specialized research and development. As of March 10, 2021, we employed two full-time employees and four part-time employees, including the employees employed by our subsidiary, Save Foods Ltd. The departure of highly skilled employees, consultants or contractors or one or more employees who hold key regional management positions could have an adverse impact on our operations, including customers choosing to follow a such regional manager to one of our competitors.

In addition, to execute our growth plan we must attract and retain highly qualified personnel. Competition for these employees exists; new members of management must have significant industry expertise when they join us or engage in significant training which, in many cases, requires significant time before they achieve full productivity. If we fail to attract, train, retain, and motivate our key personnel, our business and growth prospects could be severely harmed.

Furthermore, we are dependent upon the managers to oversee our operations. Thus, there can be no assurance that the managers’ experience will be sufficient to successfully achieve our business objectives. All decisions regarding the management of our affairs will be made exclusively by our officers and directors. In the event these persons are ineffective, our business and results of operation would likely be adversely affected.

We are subject to risks relating to portfolio concentration.

Our business is highly dependent on a small number of products, which are based on our main active ingredients. Our core post-harvest business includes solutions designed to improve the yields of the packing house but mainly ensure food safety and assisting packing houses to meet the new FSMA requirements. Our ability to market and sell products containing our active ingredient to key service providers for treatment in post-harvest food safety industry in order to utilize their market position is important to our future success.

Our operating results may fluctuate, which makes our results difficult to predict and could cause our results to fall short of expectations.

Our operating results may fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, many of which are outside of our control. As a result, comparing our operating results on a period-to-period basis may not be meaningful, and you should not rely on our past results as an indication of our future performance. Our quarterly, year-to-date and annual expenses as a percentage of our revenues may differ significantly from our historical or projected rates. Our operating results in future quarters may fall below expectations. Any of these events could cause our stock price to fall. Each of the following factors, among the other risks described herein, may affect our operating results:

International expansion of our business exposes us to business, regulatory, political, operational, financial and economic risks associated with doing business outside of the United States, Mexico or Israel.

Other than our headquarters and other operations which are located in Israel (as further described below), we currently have limited international operations, but our business strategy incorporates potentially significant international expansion, particularly in anticipation of approval of our product candidates. We also plan to retain sales representatives and third-party distributors, outside of the United States and Israel at a later date. Doing business internationally involves a number of risks, including but not limited to:

Any of these factors could significantly harm our future international expansion and operations and, consequently, our results of operations.

Our business depends to some extent on international transactions.

As a result of the international nature of our business, we are exposed to risks associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates. A majority of our revenues and substantially all of our cost of sales are in USD, whilst our management, marketing, sales and R&D costs are in NIS. We are therefore exposed to foreign currency risk due to fluctuations in exchange rates. This may result in gains or losses with respect to movements in exchange rates, which may be significant and may also cause fluctuations in reported financial information that are not necessarily related to our operating results.

Risks Related to Intellectual Property

If we are unable to secure and maintain patent or other intellectual property protection for the intellectual property used in our products, our ability to compete will be harmed.

Our commercial success depends, in part, on obtaining and maintaining patent and other intellectual property protection for the proprietary blend used in our products and our manufacturing process, as well as continuing to develop and secure trade secrets. We might in the future opt to license intellectual property from other parties. If we, or the other parties from whom we may license intellectual property, fail to obtain and maintain adequate patent or other intellectual property protection for intellectual property used in our products, or if any protection is reduced or eliminated, others could use the intellectual property used in our products, resulting in harm to our competitive business position. In addition, patent and other intellectual property protection may not provide us with a competitive advantage against competitors that devise ways of making competitive products without infringing any patents that we own or have rights to.

U.S. patents and patent applications may be subject to interference proceedings, and U.S. patents may be subject to re-examination proceedings in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Foreign patents may be subject to opposition or comparable proceedings in the corresponding foreign patent offices. Any of these proceedings could result in loss of the patent or denial of the patent application, or loss or reduction in the scope of one or more of the claims of the patent or patent application. Changes in either patent laws or in interpretations of patent laws may also diminish the value of our intellectual property or narrow the scope of our protection. Interference, re-examination and opposition proceedings may be costly and time consuming, and we, or the other parties from whom we might potentially license intellectual property, may be unsuccessful in defending against such proceedings. Thus, any patents that we own or might license may provide limited or no protection against competitors. In addition, our pending patent applications and those we may file in the future may have claims narrowed during prosecution or may not result in patents being issued. Even if any of our pending or future applications are issued, they may not provide us with adequate protection or any competitive advantages. Our ability to develop additional patentable technology is also uncertain.

Non-payment or delay in payment of patent fees or annuities, whether intentional or unintentional, may also result in the loss of patents or patent rights important to our business. Many countries, including certain countries in Europe, have compulsory licensing laws under which a patent owner may be compelled to grant licenses to other parties. In addition, many countries limit the enforceability of patents against other parties, including government agencies or government contractors. In these countries, the patent owner may have limited remedies, which could materially diminish the value of the patent. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States.

If we are unable to prevent unauthorized use or disclosure of our proprietary trade secrets and unprotected know-how, our ability to compete will be harmed.

Proprietary trade secrets, copyrights, trademarks and unprotected know-how are also very important to our business. We rely on a combination of trade secrets, copyrights, trademarks, confidentiality agreements and other contractual provisions and technical security measures to protect certain aspects of our technology, especially where we do not believe that patent protection is appropriate or obtainable. We require our office holders, employees, consultants and distributers of our products and most third parties to execute confidentiality agreements in connection with their relationships with us. However, these measures may not be adequate to safeguard our proprietary intellectual property and conflicts may, nonetheless, arise regarding ownership of inventions. Such conflicts may lead to the loss or impairment of our intellectual property or to expensive litigation to defend our rights against competitors who may be better funded and have superior resources. Our office holders, employees, consultants and other advisors may unintentionally or willfully disclose our confidential information to competitors. In addition, confidentiality agreements may be unenforceable or may not provide an adequate remedy in the event of unauthorized disclosure. Enforcing a claim that a third party illegally obtained and is using our trade secrets is expensive and time consuming, and the outcome is unpredictable. Moreover, our competitors may independently develop equivalent knowledge, methods and know-how. Unauthorized parties may also attempt to copy or reverse engineer certain aspects of our products that we consider proprietary. As a result, other parties may be able to use our proprietary technology or information, and our ability to compete in the market would be harmed.

We could become subject to patent and other intellectual property litigation that could be costly, result in the diversion of management’s attention, require us to pay damages and force us to discontinue selling our products.

Determining whether a product infringes a patent involves complex legal and factual issues, and the outcome of a patent litigation action is often uncertain. No assurance can be given that patents containing claims covering our products, parts of our products, technology or methods do not exist, have not been filed or could not be filed or issued. Furthermore, our competitors or other parties may assert that our products and the methods we employ in the use of our products are covered by U.S. or foreign patents held by them. In addition, because patent applications can take many years to issue and because publication schedules for pending applications vary by jurisdiction, there may be applications now pending of which we are unaware and which may result in issued patents which our current or future products infringe. Also, because the claims of published patent applications can change between publication and patent grant, there may be published patent applications with claims that we infringe. There could also be existing patents that one or more of our products or parts may infringe and of which we are unaware. As the number of competitors in the post-harvest market grows, and as the number of patents issued grows, the possibility of patent infringement claims against us increases.

Infringement actions and other intellectual property claims and proceedings brought against or by us, whether with or without merit, may cause us to incur substantial costs and could place a significant strain on our financial resources, divert the attention of management from our business and harm our reputation. Some of our competitors may be able to sustain the costs of complex patent or intellectual property litigation more effectively than we can because they have substantially greater resources.

We cannot be certain that we will successfully defend against allegations of infringement of patents and intellectual property rights of others. In the event that we become subject to a patent infringement or other intellectual property lawsuit and if the other party’s patents or other intellectual property were upheld as valid and enforceable and we were found to infringe the other party’s patents or violate the terms of a license to which we are a party, we could be required to pay damages. We could also be prevented from selling our products unless we could obtain a license to use technology or processes covered by such patents or will be able to redesign the product to avoid infringement. A license may not be available at all or on commercially reasonable terms or we may not be able to redesign our products to avoid infringement. Modification of our products or development of new products could require us to conduct clinical trials and to revise our filings with the applicable regulatory bodies, which would be time consuming and expensive. In these circumstances, we may be unable to sell our products at competitive prices or at all, our business and operating results could be harmed.

We may be subject to claims challenging the inventorship or ownership of our patents and other intellectual property.

We may be subject to claims that former employees, collaborators, or other third parties have an ownership interest in our patents or other intellectual property. Ownership disputes may arise in the future, for example, from conflicting obligations of consultants or others who are involved in developing our product candidates. Litigation may be necessary to defend against these and other claims challenging inventorship or ownership. If we fail in defending any such claims, in addition to paying monetary damages, we may lose valuable intellectual property rights, such as exclusive ownership of, or right to use, valuable intellectual property. Such an outcome could have a material adverse effect on our business. Even if we are successful in defending against such claims, litigation could result in substantial costs and be a distraction to management and other employees.

We may experience claims that our products infringe the intellectual property rights of others, which may cause us to incur unexpected costs or prevent us from selling our products or services.

We continually seek to improve our business processes and develop new products and applications in a crowded patent space that we must continually monitor to avoid infringement. We cannot guarantee that we will not experience claims that our processes and products infringe issued patents (whether present or future) or other intellectual property rights belonging to others.

From time to time, we oppose patent applications that we consider overbroad or otherwise invalid in order to maintain the ability to operate freely in our various business lines without the risk of being sued for patent infringement. If, however, patents are subsequently issued on any such applications by other parties, or if patents belonging to others already exist that cover our products, processes or technologies, we could experience claims for infringement or have to take other remedial or curative actions to continue our manufacturing and sales activities with respect to one or more products. Likewise, our competitors may also already hold or have applied for patents in the United States or abroad that, if enforced or issued, could prevail over our patent rights or otherwise limit our ability to manufacture or sell one or more of our products in the United States or abroad. Any actions asserted against us could include payment of damages for infringement, stopping the use, require that we obtain licenses from these parties or substantially re-engineer our products or processes in order to avoid infringement. We may not be able to obtain the necessary licenses on acceptable terms, or at all, or be able to re-engineer our products successfully. Further, intellectual property litigation is expensive and time-consuming, regardless of the merits of any claim, and could divert our management’s attention from operating our business.

Risks Related to Regulatory Compliance

If we or our contractors or service providers fail to comply with laws and regulations, we or they could be subject to regulatory actions, which could affect our ability to develop, market and sell our products or future products that we may develop and may harm our reputation in our industry.

If we or our manufacturers or other third-party contractors fail to comply with applicable federal, state or foreign laws or regulations, including with respect to food treatment, we could be subject to regulatory actions, which could affect our ability to develop, market and sell our current products or any future products which we may develop in the future and could harm our reputation and lead to reduced demand for or non-acceptance of our proposed products by the market.

Regulatory reforms may adversely affect our ability to sell our products profitably.

From time to time, legislation is drafted and introduced in the United States, Mexico, Israel or other countries in which we operate, that could significantly change the statutory provisions governing the clearance or approval, manufacture and marketing of our products, including in the food health industry. In addition, regulations and guidance may often be revised or reinterpreted by the regulatory authorities in ways that may significantly affect our business and our products. It is impossible to predict whether legislative changes will be enacted, or interpretations changed, and what the impact of such changes, if any, may be.

Risks Related to Our Operations in Israel

Conditions in Israel may limit our ability to manage and market our products, which would lead to a decrease in revenues.

Because most of our operations is conducted in Israel and our management is located in Israel, our operations are directly affected by economic, political, geopolitical and military conditions affecting Israel. Accordingly, political, economic and military conditions in Israel directly affect our business. Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, a number of armed conflicts have occurred between Israel and its neighboring countries. These conflicts involved missile strikes against civilian targets in various parts of Israel including most recently, central Israel, and negatively affected business conditions in Israel as well as home starts and the building industry in Israel.

Our facilities are in range of rockets that may be fired from Lebanon, Syria or the Gaza Strip into Israel. In the event that our facilities are damaged as a result of hostile action or hostilities otherwise disrupt the ongoing operation of our facilities, our ability to deliver products to customers could be materially and adversely affected. Our commercial insurance in Israel does not cover losses that may occur as a result of acts of war; however, losses as a result of terrorist attacks to our facilities and disruption to the ongoing operations, are covered by our insurance for damages of up to $40 million, if such damages are not covered by the Israeli government. Although the Israeli government currently covers the reinstatement value of direct damages that are caused by terrorist attacks or acts of war, we cannot assure you that this government coverage will be maintained and will be adequate in the event we submit a claim. Even if insurance is maintained and adequate, we cannot assure you that it will reduce or prevent any losses that may occur as a result of such actions or will be exercised in a timely manner to meet our contractual obligations with customers and vendors.

In addition, popular uprisings in various countries in the Middle East and North Africa have affected the political stability of those countries. Such instability may lead to deterioration in the political and trade relationships that exist between the State of Israel and these countries, such as Turkey, from which we import a significant amount of our raw materials. Moreover, some countries around the world restrict doing business with Israel and Israeli companies, and additional countries may impose restrictions on doing business with Israel and Israeli companies if hostilities in Israel or political instability in the region continues or increases. These restrictions may limit materially our ability to obtain raw materials from these countries or sell our products to companies and customers in these countries. In addition, there have been increased efforts by activists to cause companies and consumers to boycott Israeli goods. Such efforts, particularly if they become more widespread, may materially and adversely impact our ability to sell our products out of Israel.

Our employees in Israel, generally males, including executive officers, may be called upon to perform military service on an annual basis until they reach the age of 40 (and in some cases, up to 45 or 49). In emergency circumstances, they could be called to immediate and prolonged active duty. Our operations could be disrupted by the absence of a significant number of our employees related to military service or the absence for extended periods of one or more of our key employees for military service. Such a disruption could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations. Additionally, the absence of a significant number of the employees of our Israeli suppliers and contract manufacturers related to military service may disrupt their operations, in which event our ability to deliver products to customers may be materially and adversely affected.

Any hostilities involving Israel or the interruption or curtailment of trade between Israel and its present trading partners, or a significant downturn in the economic or financial condition of Israel, could materially and adversely affect our operations and product development, cause our revenues to decrease and materially harm the share price of publicly traded companies with operations in Israel, such as us.

In early January 2020, certain events contributed to an increase in hostilities between the United States and Iran, and as a result Iran issued multiple public statements threatening to attack Israel and the United States. These events, coupled with the already mounting tensions between Israel and Iran, may threaten to destabilize the Middle East, the result of which may impact our ability to conduct our business effectively.

The Israeli Parliament (the “Knesset”), for reasons related to political instability, has failed to pass a budget for the year 2020, and certain government ministries, which may be critical to the operation of our business, are without necessary resources and may not receive sufficient funding moving forward. Given the likelihood that the current political stalemate might not be resolved during the next calendar year, our ability to conduct our business effectively may be adversely materially affected.

We may not be able to enforce covenants not-to-compete under current Israeli law that might result in added competition for our products.

We have non-competition agreements with all of our employees, all of which are governed by Israeli law. These agreements prohibit our employees from competing with or working for our competitors, generally during their employment and for up to 12 months after termination of their employment. However, Israeli courts are reluctant to enforce non-compete undertakings of former employees and tend, if at all, to enforce those provisions for relatively brief periods of time in restricted geographical areas, and only when the employee has obtained unique value to the employer specific to that employer’s business and not just regarding the professional development of the employee. If we are not able to enforce non-compete covenants, we may be faced with added competition.

It may be difficult to acquire jurisdiction and enforce liabilities against our officers and directors who are based in Israel.

The majority of our officers and present directors reside outside of the United States and most of our operations at the date of this prospectus are located outside the United States. As a result, it may not be possible for United States investors to enforce their legal rights, to effect service of process upon our directors or officers or to enforce judgments of United States courts predicated upon civil liabilities and criminal penalties of our directors and officers under federal securities laws. Moreover, we have been advised that Israel does not have treaties providing for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments of courts with the United States. Further, it is unclear if extradition treaties now in effect between the United States and Israel would permit effective enforcement of criminal penalties of the federal securities laws.

Risks Related to this Offering and Ownership of Our Common Stock

Even if we meet the initial listing requirements of the Nasdaq Capital Market, there can be no assurance that we will be able to comply with the continued listing standards of the Nasdaq Capital Market. Our failure to meet the continued listing requirements of the Nasdaq Capital Market could result in a de-listing of our Common Stock.

Even if we meet the initial listing requirements of the Nasdaq Capital Market, we cannot assure you that we will be able to comply with the other standards that we are required to meet in order to maintain a listing of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market. If after listing we fail to satisfy the continued listing requirements of the Nasdaq Capital Market, such as the corporate governance requirements or the minimum stockholder’s equity requirement, the Nasdaq Capital Market may take steps to de-list our common stock. Such a de-listing would likely have a negative effect on the price of our Common Stock and would impair our shareholders’ ability to sell or purchase our Common Stock when they wish to do so. In the event of a de-listing, we would take actions to restore our compliance with the Nasdaq Capital Market’s listing requirements, but we can provide no assurance that any action taken by us would result in our common stock becoming listed again, or that any such action would stabilize the market price or improve the liquidity of our Common Stock.

If you purchase shares of our Common Stock in this offering You will experience immediate and substantial dilution in the book value per share of the common stock you purchase.

The public offering price per share of our Common Stock will be substantially higher than the net tangible book value per share of our Common Stock immediately prior to the offering. After giving effect to the sale of shares of our Common Stock at a public offering price of $ per share and after deducting the estimated underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by us, purchasers of our Common Stock in this offering will incur immediate dilution of $ per share in the net tangible book value of the Common Stock they acquire. For a further description of the dilution that investors in this offering will experience, see “Dilution.”

In addition, to the extent that outstanding stock options have been or may be exercised or other shares issued, you may experience further dilution.

The market price of our Common Stock may be highly volatile.

The market price of our Common Stock is likely to be volatile. Our Common Stock price could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to a variety of factors, including the following:

In addition, companies trading in the stock market have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of these companies. Broad market and industry factors may negatively affect the market price of our Common Stock, regardless of our actual operating performance.

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our Common Stock in the public market by our existing stockholders could cause our share price to fall.

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our Common Stock in the public market, or the perception that these sales might occur, could depress the market price of our Common Stock and could impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities. We are unable to predict the effect that sales may have on the prevailing market price of our Common Stock.

Our principal stockholders, officers and directors beneficially own approximately 39.5% of our outstanding shares of Common Stock. They will therefore be able to exert significant control over matters submitted to our stockholders for approval.

As of March 10, 2021, our principal stockholders, officers and directors beneficially own approximately 39.5% of our outstanding Common Stock. This significant concentration of share ownership may adversely affect the trading price for our Common Stock because investors often perceive disadvantages in owning shares in companies with controlling stockholders. As a result, these stockholders, if they acted together, could significantly influence matters requiring approval by our stockholders, including the election of directors and the approval of mergers or other business combination transactions. The interests of these stockholders may not always coincide with our interests or the interests of other stockholders.

Delaware law and provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws could make a merger, tender offer or proxy contest difficult, thereby depressing the market price of our Common Stock.

Our status as a Delaware corporation and the anti-takeover provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law may discourage, delay or prevent a change in control by prohibiting us from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, even if a change of control would be beneficial to our existing stockholders. In addition, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws contain provisions that may make the acquisition of the Company more difficult, including the following:

These provisions, alone or together, could discourage, delay or prevent a transaction involving a change in control of the Company. These provisions could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for stockholders to elect directors of their choosing and to cause us to take other corporate actions they desire, any of which, under certain circumstances, could limit the opportunity for our stockholders to receive a premium for their shares of our Common Stock, and could also affect the price that some investors are willing to pay for our Common Stock.

We may be subject to securities litigation, which is expensive and could divert management attention.

In the past, companies that have experienced volatility in the market price of their stock have been subject to securities class action litigation. We may be the target of this type of litigation in the future. Litigation of this type could result in substantial costs and diversion of management’s attention and resources, which could seriously hurt our business. Any adverse determination in litigation could also subject us to significant liabilities.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish or cease publishing research or reports about us, our business or our market, or if they adversely change their recommendations or publish negative reports regarding our business or our Common Stock, our stock price and trading volume could decline.

The trading market for our Common Stock will be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts may publish about us, our business, our market or our competitors. We do not have any control over these analysts and we cannot provide any assurance that analysts will cover us or provide favorable coverage. If any of the analysts who may cover us adversely change their recommendation regarding our shares, or provide more favorable relative recommendations about our competitors, our stock price would likely decline. If any analysts who may cover us were to cease coverage of the Company or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline.

Shares of our Common Stock are an illiquid investment as there is presently a limited market for our Common Stock. We do not know whether a market for our Common Stock will be sustained or what the trading price of our Common Stock will be and as a result it may be difficult for you to sell your shares of Common Stock.

There is presently a limited market for our Common Stock. Although we intend to list our Common Stock on the Nasdaq Stock Market, an active trading market for our Common Stock may not be sustained. It may be difficult for you to sell your shares of Common Stock without depressing the market price for our Common Stock or at all. As a result of these and other factors, you may not be able to sell your shares of Common Stock at or above the offering price or at all. Further, an inactive market may also impair our ability to raise capital by selling our Common Stock and may impair our ability to enter into strategic partnerships or acquire companies, products, or services by using our equity securities as consideration.

We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

We have never declared or paid cash dividends, and we do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Therefore, you should not rely on an investment in our Common Stock as a source for any future dividend income. Our board of directors has complete discretion as to whether to distribute dividends. Even if our board of directors decides to declare and pay dividends, the timing, amount and form of future dividends, if any, will depend on our future results of operations and cash flow, our capital requirements and surplus, the amount of distributions, if any, received by us from our subsidiary, our financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors.

We may need additional capital, and the sale of additional shares or equity or debt securities could result in additional dilution to our stockholders.

We believe that our current cash and cash used in operations, together with the net proceeds from this offering, will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for the next 24 months . We may, however, require additional cash resources due to changed business conditions or other future developments, including further adverse effects to our business from COVID-19 related issues. If these resources are insufficient to satisfy our cash requirements, we may seek to sell additional equity or debt securities or obtain one or more credit facilities. The sale of additional equity securities could result in additional dilution to our stockholders. The incurrence of indebtedness would result in increased debt service obligations and could result in operating and financing covenants that would restrict our operations. It is uncertain whether financing will be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all.

Management will have broad discretion as to the use of the proceeds from this offering.

Our management will have broad discretion in the allocation of the net proceeds and could use them for purposes other than those contemplated at the time of this offering and as described in the section titled “Use of Proceeds.” You will be relying on the judgment of our management with regard to the use of these net proceeds, and you will not have the opportunity, as part of your investment decision, to assess whether the net proceeds are being used appropriately. The failure by our management to apply these funds effectively could result in financial losses that could have a material adverse effect on our business, cause the price of our securities to decline and delay the development of our product candidates. Pending the application of these funds, we may invest the net proceeds from this offering in a manner that does not produce income or that loses value.

General Risk Factors

Disruptions to our information technology systems due to cyber-attacks or our failure to upgrade and adjust our information technology systems, may materially impair our operations, hinder our growth and materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.

We believe that an appropriate information technology (“IT”), infrastructure is important in order to support our daily operations and the growth of our business. If we experience difficulties in implementing new or upgraded information systems or experience significant system failures, or if we are unable to successfully modify our management information systems or respond to changes in our business needs, we may not be able to effectively manage our business, and we may fail to meet our reporting obligations. Additionally, if our current back-up storage arrangements and our disaster recovery plan are not operated as planned, we may not be able to effectively recover our information system in the event of a crisis, which may materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.

In the current environment, there are numerous and evolving risks to cybersecurity and privacy, including criminal hackers, hacktivists, state-sponsored intrusions, industrial espionage, employee malfeasance and human or technological error. High-profile security breaches at other companies and in government agencies have increased in recent years, and security industry experts and government officials have warned about the risks of hackers and cyber-attacks targeting businesses such as ours. Computer hackers and others routinely attempt to breach the security of technology products, services and systems, and to fraudulently induce employees, customers, or others to disclose information or unwittingly provide access to systems or data. We can provide no assurance that our current IT system or any updates or upgrades thereto and the current or future IT systems of our distributors use or may use in the future, are fully protected against third-party intrusions, viruses, hacker attacks, information or data theft or other similar threats. Legislative or regulatory action in these areas is also evolving, and we may be unable to adapt our IT systems or to manage the IT systems of third parties to accommodate these changes. We have experienced and expect to continue to experience actual or attempted cyber-attacks of our IT networks. Although none of these actual or attempted cyber-attacks has had a material adverse impact on our operations or financial condition, we cannot guarantee that any such incidents will not have such an impact in the future.

Failure to comply with anti-bribery, anti-corruption and anti-money laundering laws could subject us to penalties and other adverse consequences.

We are subject to the FCPA and other anticorruption, anti-bribery and anti-money laundering laws in the jurisdictions in which we do business, both domestic and abroad. These laws generally prohibit us and our employees from improperly influencing government officials or commercial parties in order to obtain or retain business, direct business to any person or gain any advantage. The FCPA and other applicable anti-bribery and anti-corruption laws also may hold us liable for acts of corruption and bribery committed by our third-party business partners, representatives and agents. In addition, we leverage third parties to sell our products and conduct our business abroad. We and our third-party business partners, representatives and agents may have direct or indirect interactions with officials and employees of government agencies or state-owned or affiliated entities and we may be held liable for the corrupt or other illegal activities of these third-party business partners and intermediaries, our employees, representatives, contractors, channel partners and agents, even if we do not explicitly authorize such activities. These laws also require that we keep accurate books and records and maintain internal controls and compliance procedures designed to prevent any such actions. While we have policies and procedures to address compliance with such laws, we cannot assure you that our employees and agents will not take actions in violation of our policies or applicable law, for which we may be ultimately held responsible and our exposure for violating these laws increases as our international presence is established and as we increase sales and operations in foreign jurisdictions. Any violation of the FCPA or other applicable anti-bribery, anti-corruption laws and anti-money laundering laws could result in whistleblower complaints, adverse media coverage, investigations, imposition of significant legal fees, loss of export privileges, severe criminal or civil sanctions or suspension or debarment from U.S. government contracts, substantial diversion of management’s attention, a decline in the market price of our Common Stock or overall adverse consequences to our reputation and business, all of which may have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

We will incur significant increased costs as a result of the listing of our securities for trading on Nasdaq and our management will be required to devote substantial time to new compliance initiatives as well as compliance with ongoing U.S. requirements.

Upon the listing of securities on Nasdaq, we will become a publicly traded company in the United States. We anticipate that we will incur costs associated with corporate governance requirements of the SEC and Nasdaq, as well as requirements under Section 404 and other provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We expect these rules and regulations to increase our legal and financial compliance costs, introduce new costs such as investor relations, stock exchange listing fees and shareholder reporting, and to make some activities more time consuming and costly. The implementation and testing of such processes and systems may require us to hire outside consultants and incur other significant costs and resources, particularly a greater percentage of the time and efforts of our management team will be diverted to these new requirements. Any future changes in the laws and regulations affecting public companies in the United States, including Section 404 and other provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and the rules and regulations adopted by the SEC and Nasdaq, for so long as they apply to us, will result in increased costs to us as we respond to such changes. These laws, rules and regulations could make it more difficult or more costly for us to obtain certain types of insurance, including director and officer liability insurance, and we may be forced to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. The impact of these requirements could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors, our board committees, or as executive officers.

We face risks related to compliance with corporate governance laws and financial reporting standards.

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as related new rules and regulations implemented by the SEC and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, require changes in the corporate governance practices and financial reporting standards for public companies. These new laws, rules and regulations, including compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 relating to internal control over financial reporting, have materially increased the legal and financial compliance costs of small companies and have made some activities more time-consuming and more burdensome.

We may not have effective internal controls.

In connection with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we need to assess the adequacy of our internal controls, remedy any weaknesses that may be identified, validate that controls are functioning as documented and implement a continuous reporting and improvement process for internal controls. We may discover deficiencies that require us to improve our procedures, processes and systems in order to ensure that our internal controls are adequate and effective and that we are in compliance with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. If the deficiencies are not adequately addressed, or if we are unable to complete all of our testing and any remediation in time for compliance with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the SEC rules under it, we would be unable to conclude that our internal controls over financial reporting are designed and operating effectively, which could adversely affect investor confidence in our internal controls over financial reporting.

USE OF PROCEEDS

We estimate that the net proceeds from our issuance and sale of            shares of our Common Stock in this offering will be approximately $           (or approximately $            if the underwriter will exercise its over-allotment option in full), based upon an assumed public offering price of $ per share, the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by us.

A $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed public offering price of $         per share would increase or decrease the net proceeds from this offering by approximately $        million, assuming that the number of shares of Common Stock offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. An increase or decrease of            in the number of shares of Common Stock offered by us would increase or decrease our proceeds by approximately $        million, assuming the assumed public offering price remains the same, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

We currently expect to use the net proceeds from this offering for:

Changing circumstances may cause us to consume capital significantly faster than we currently anticipate. The amounts and timing of our actual expenditures will depend upon numerous factors, including the progress of our global marketing and sales efforts, with development efforts, economic and political effects of COVID-19 and government responses to it, and the overall economic environment. Therefore, our management will retain broad discretion over the use of the proceeds from this offering. We may ultimately use the proceeds for different purposes than what we currently intend. Pending any ultimate use of any portion of the proceeds from this offering, if the anticipated proceeds will not be sufficient to fund all the proposed purposes, our management will determine the order of priority for using the proceeds, as well as the amount and sources of other funds needed.

Pending our use of the net proceeds from this offering, we may invest the net proceeds in a variety of capital preservation investments, including short-term, investment grade, interest bearing instruments and U.S. government securities.

DIVIDEND POLICY

We have never declared or paid any dividends on our Common Stock. We currently intend to retain all available funds and any future earnings, if any, to fund the development and expansion of our business and we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination to pay dividends will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on various factors, including applicable laws, our results of operations, financial condition, future prospects and any other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors.

CAPITALIZATION

The following table sets forth our cash and cash equivalents and capitalization as of December 31, 2020:

The pro forma as adjusted information set forth in the table below is illustrative only and will be adjusted based on the actual public offering price and other terms of this offering determined at pricing.

You should read this table in conjunction with the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The as adjusted information set forth in the table below is illustrative only and will be adjusted based on the actual public offering price and other terms of this offering determined at pricing.

You should read this table in conjunction with the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The number of shares presented in the table above does not include:

DILUTION

If you invest in our Common Stock, you will experience immediate and substantial dilution to the extent of the difference between the public offering price of our Common Stock and the as adjusted net tangible book value per share of Common Stock immediately after the offering. On December 31, 2020, we had negative net tangible book value of ($465,453), representing a net tangible book value of $0.29 per share of Common Stock. Net tangible book value per share of Common Stock represents the amount of our total tangible assets less our total liabilities, divided by 1,606,760, the total number of Common Stock outstanding on December 31, 2020.

Our pro forma negative net tangible book value as of December 31, 2020 was $            , representing approximately $            per share of Common Stock. Pro forma net tangible book value per share of common stock represents the amount of our total tangible assets less our total liabilities, divided by 1,815,663, the total number of common stock outstanding on December 31, 2020, and gives effect to the automatic conversion of convertible promissory notes issued in a series of convertible loan agreements into an aggregate of             shares of Common Stock, assuming an offering price of $           , which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, which will occur immediately prior to the closing of this offering.

After giving effect to the sale of the Common Stock offered by us in this offering and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, assuming no exercise of the Underwriter’s over-allotment option, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value estimated at December 31, 2020 would have been approximately $            , representing $            per share of Common Stock. At the assumed public offering price for this offering of $            per share of Common Stock, the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, this represents an immediate increase in historical net tangible book value of $            per share of Common Stock to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution in net tangible book value of $            per share of Common Stock to purchasers of Common Stock in this offering. Dilution for this purpose represents the difference between the price per share of Common Stock paid by these purchasers and as adjusted net tangible book value per share of Common Stock immediately after the completion of this offering.

The following table illustrates this dilution on a per share basis to new investors:

The dilution information discussed above is illustrative only and will change based on the actual public offering price and other terms of this offering to be determined at pricing. A $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $            per share of Common Stock would increase or decrease our as adjusted net tangible book value per share of Common Stock after this offering by $            and the dilution per share of Common Stock to new investors by $           , assuming the number of Common Stock offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We may also increase or decrease the number of Common Stock we are offering.

An increase or decrease of            in the number of Common Stock offered by us would increase or decrease our as adjusted net tangible book value after this offering by approximately $            million and the as adjusted net tangible book value per share of Common Stock after this offering by $            per share of Common Stock and would increase or decrease the dilution per share of Common Stock to new investors by $           , assuming the assumed public offering price remains the same, after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

The following table summarizes, on an as adjusted basis as of December 31, 2020, the differences between the number of Common Stock acquired from us, the total amount paid and the average price per share of Common Stock paid by the existing holders of our Common Stock and by investors in this offering and based upon an assumed public offering price of $ per share of Common Stock, the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus.

The total number of Common Stock that will be outstanding after this offering is based on 1,606,760 shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2020, and excludes:

To the extent that new options are granted under our equity benefit plans, there will be further dilution to investors purchasing Common Stock in this offering.

If all of such issued and outstanding options, warrants and performance rights had been exercised as of December 31, 2020, the number of Common Stock held by existing stockholders would increase to 1,834,069, or            % of the total number of shares of Common Stock outstanding after this offering, and the average price per share of Common Stock paid by the existing stockholders would be $           .

If the underwriter exercises its option to purchase additional shares of Common Stock in full in this offering, the number of shares of Common Stock held by new investors will increase to           , or            % of the total number of Common Stock outstanding after this offering and the percentage of Common Stock held by existing stockholders will decrease to            % of the total Common Stock outstanding.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The discussion below contains forward-looking statements that are based upon our current expectations and are subject to uncertainty and changes in circumstances. Actual results may differ materially from these expectations due to inaccurate assumptions and known or unknown risks and uncertainties, including those identified in “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and under “Risk Factors” elsewhere in this prospectus.

The following financial data in this narrative are expressed in thousands, except for share and share data or as otherwise noted.

Overview

We develop eco-friendly “green” solutions for the food industry. Our solutions are developed to improve the food safety and shelf life of fresh produce. We do this by controlling human and plant pathogens, thereby reducing spoilage, and in turn, reducing food loss.

Our products are based on a proprietary blend of food acids which have a synergistic effect when combined with certain types of oxidizing agent-based sanitizers and fungicides at low concentrations. Our green products are capable of cleaning, sanitizing and controlling pathogens on fresh produce with the goal of making them safer for human consumption and extending their shelf life by reducing their decay. One of the main advantages of our products is that our active ingredients do not leave any toxicological residues on the fresh produce we treat. In contrary, by forming a temporary protective shield around the fresh produce we treat, our products make it difficult for pathogens to develop and potentially provide protection which also reduces cross-contamination.

Components of Results of Operation

Revenues and Cost of Revenues

Our total revenue consists of products and our cost of revenues consists of cost of products.

The following table discloses the breakdown of revenues and costs of revenues:

Operating Expenses

Our current operating expenses consist of three components — research and development expenses, selling and marketing expenses and general and administrative expenses.

Research and Development Expenses, net

Our research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and related personnel expenses, share base compensation, professional fees and other related research and development expenses such as field tests.

The following table discloses the breakdown of research and development expenses:

We expect that our research and development expenses will increase as we continue to develop our products and services, field trials and recruit additional research and development employees.

Selling and Marketing Expenses

Selling and marketing expenses consist primarily of salaries and related expenses, share based compensation and other expenses.

The following table discloses the breakdown of selling and marketing expenses:

We expect that our selling and marketing expenses will increase as we continue to increase our selling and marketing efforts including commercial validation pilots and recruit additional employees or contractor to support our selling and marketing efforts in our targeted geographical areas.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of professional services, share based compensation and other non-personnel related expenses.

The following table discloses the breakdown of general and administrative expenses:

Comparison of the Year Ended December 31, 2020 to the Year Ended December 31, 2019

Results of Operations

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, together with the changes in those items in dollars:

Revenues

Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2020 were $232,274, an increase of $56,451, or 32%, compared to total revenues of $175,823 for the year ended December 31, 2019. The increase is mainly a result of the Company’s sales of its new products, which the Company commenced in the fourth quarter of 2020.

We do not have backlogs or firm commitments from our customers for our products. Our sales might deteriorate if we fail to achieve commercial success or obtain regulatory approval of any of our products.

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales consists primarily of salaries, materials, transportation and overhead costs of manufacturing our products. Cost of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $43,405, a decrease of $101,143, or 70%, compared to total cost of revenues of $144,548 for the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease is mainly a result of the decrease in salaries and related expenses, due to the fact that some of our employee are currently on a temporary leave without pay (furlough), due to the effects of COVID-19 on our business, and a decrease in the overall cost of materials, mainly as a result of inventory elimination made in 2019, due to our efforts to deploy our new solutions.

Gross Profit

Gross loss for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $188,869, an increase of $157,594, or 504%, compared to gross profit of $31,275 for the year ended December 31, 2019. The increase is mainly a result of the increase in revenues and the decrease in cost of revenues, as detailed above.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses consist of salaries and related expenses, share base compensation, consulting fees, service providers’ costs, related materials and overhead expenses. Research and development expenses for the year ended December 31, 2020 were $417,000, a decrease of $198,623, or 32%, compared to total research and development expenses of $615,623 for the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease is mainly attributable to: (1) the decrease in professional fees, share based compensation and in payroll; and (2) the decrease in expenses associated with international travel and field trials which have been postponed due to COVID-19.

Selling and Marketing Expenses

Selling and marketing expenses consist primarily of salaries and related costs for selling and marketing personnel, travel related expenses and services providers. Selling and marketing expenses for the year ended December 31, 2020 were $51,105, a decrease of $290,954, or 85%, compared to total selling and marketing expenses of $342,058 for the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease is mainly attributable to the decrease in payroll expenses and service providers used in relation to selling and marketing activities mainly associated with the termination of the employment of our former Vice President of Sales in February 2020.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related expenses including share based compensation and other non-personnel related expenses such as legal expenses and directors and insurance costs. General and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2020 were $1,070,109, an increase of $65,210, or 6%, compared to total general and administrative expenses of $1,004,899 for the year ended December 31, 2019. The increase is mainly a result of the increase in share-based compensation to our service providers and directors offset partially by a decrease in professional fees.

Financing Expenses, Net

Financing expenses, net for the year ended December 31, 2020 were $270,393, an increase of $226,985, or 523%, compared to total financing expenses of $43,408 for the year ended December 31, 2019. The increase is mainly a result of compensation expenses related to the exchange of our convertible loans as well as accrued interest and amortization expenses related to such convertible loans.

Total Comprehensive Loss

As a result of the foregoing, our total comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $1,593,139, compared to $1,971,417 for the year ended December 31, 2019, a decrease of $378,278, or 19%.

Impact of COVID-19

The global spread of COVID-19 led many countries, including the United States, Europe and Israel (where we maintain material operations), to impose stringent limitations on movement, gatherings, transit of passengers and goods and to close the borders between countries. The responses of governments have notably impacted many economies as well as capital markets worldwide.

Based on guidelines provided by the Israeli Government, employers (including us) are required to prepare and increase as much as possible the capacity and arrangement for employees to work remotely. In that regard, and in compliance with all applicable Israeli rules and guidelines, our offices have remained closed since the middle of March 2020, and all of our employees currently work remotely. In addition, as of the date of this prospectus, some of our employees are on a temporary leave without pay (furlough), including our Chief Technology Officer, and we have postponed some of our planned field tests due to the current restriction on international travels. However, we did experience any material impact on our financial condition and results of operations due to COVID-19, and we do not expect to experience any material impact on our overall liquidity positions and outlook as a result of the outbreak. Nevertheless, it is not possible at this time to estimate the full impact that the COVID-19 pandemic, the continued spread of COVID-19, and any additional measures taken by governments, health officials or by us in response to such spread, could have on our business results of operations and financial condition.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

We describe our significant accounting policies more fully in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. We believe that the accounting policy described in Note 2 is critical in order to fully understand and evaluate our financial condition and results of operations.

We prepare our financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP. At the time of the preparation of the financial statements, our management is required to use estimates, evaluations and assumptions which affect the application of the accounting policy and the amounts reported for assets, obligations, income and expenses. Any estimates and assumptions are continually reviewed. The changes to the accounting estimates are credited during the period in which the change to the estimate is made.

Going Concern Uncertainty

The development and commercialization of our product will require substantial expenditures. We have not yet generated any material revenues and have incurred substantial accumulated deficit and negative operating cash flows. We currently have no sources of recurring revenue and are therefore dependent upon external sources for financing our operations. There can be no assurance that we will succeed in obtaining the necessary financing to continue our operations. As a result, our independent registered public accounting firm has expressed substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Stock-based Compensation

Employees and other service providers of the Company may receive benefits by way of stock-based compensation settled with company options exercised for shares of our Common Stock. The cost of transactions with employees settled with capital instruments is measured based on the fair value of the capital instruments on the granting date. The fair value is determined using an accepted options pricing model. The model is based on share price, grant date and on assumptions regarding expected volatility, expected lifespan, expected dividend, and a no risk interest rate.

The cost of the transactions settled with capital instruments is recognized in profit or loss together with a corresponding increase in the equity over the period in which the performance and/or service takes place, and ending on the date on which the relevant employees are entitled to the benefits (the “Vesting Period”). The aggregate expense recognized for transactions settled with capital instruments at the end of each reporting date and until the Vesting Period reflects the degree to which the Vesting Period has expired and our best estimate regarding the number of warrants that have ultimately vested. The expense or income in profit or loss reflects the change of the aggregate expense recognized as of the end of the reported period.

Convertible Loans

The Company entered into a series of convertible loan agreements with certain lenders to sell convertible promissory notes containing conversion feature. The conversion feature is considered embedded derivative instruments, and is to be recorded at their fair value as its fair value can be separated from the convertible loan and its conversion is independent of the underlying note value. The Company recorded finance expenses in respect of the convertible component in the convertible loan in the excess amount of the convertible component fair value over the face loan amount. The conversion liability is then marked to market each reporting period with the resulting gains or losses shown in the statements of operations.

The Company was using a third-party appraiser to estimate the fair value of the convertible component.

We selected the Black-Scholes-Merton (“Black-Scholes”), as our option pricing model to estimate the fair value of our options awards. The option-pricing model requires a number of assumptions:

Expected dividend yield — The expected dividend yield assumption is based on our historical experience and expectation of no future dividend payouts. We have historically not paid cash dividends and have no foreseeable plans to pay cash dividends in the future.

Volatility — Since the Company is not traded on any stock exchange market, quoted prices of our shares are unavailable. In case of insufficient historical data for a company, the expected volatility is based on similar companies’ stock volatility.

Risk free interest rate — The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield of governmental bonds with equivalent terms.

Contractual term — An option’s contractual term is the amount of time the holder has to exercise the option, per the contract.

Share price — The share price is determined according to the last known closing price of the share of our Common Stock at the grant date.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity is the ability of a company to generate funds to support its current and future operations, satisfy its obligations, and otherwise operate on an ongoing basis. Significant factors in the management of liquidity are funds generated by operations, levels of accounts receivable and accounts payable and capital expenditures. Since our inception through December 31, 2020, we have funded our operations principally with approximately $11,867,746 (net of issuance expenses) from the issuance of shares of shares of our Common Stock, options and loans.

The table below presents our cash flows for the periods indicated:

As of December 31, 2020, we had cash of $242,900, as compared to $290,815 as of December 31, 2019. As of December 31, 2020, we had a negative working capital of $290,062, as compared to a negative working capital of $199,212 as of December 31, 2019. The decrease in our cash balance is mainly attributable to our net loss described above and payments to account payables offset by our equity financing and convertible loans.

Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities was $798,740 for the year ended December 31, 2020, as compared to $1,244,772 for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Investing Activities

Net cash provided by investing activities was $9,065 for the year ended December 31, 2020, as compared to net cash used in investing activities of $81,655 for the year ended December 31, 2019. The increase is mainly attributable to the decrease in short term bank deposits in banking institutions and proceeds from investment in unconsolidated entity.

Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities was $741,760 for the year ended December 31, 2020, as compared to $1,177,436 for the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease is mainly the result of a decrease in equity financing and proceeds from convertible loans.

Financial Arrangements

Since our inception, we have financed our operation primarily through proceeds from sales of our shares of Common Stock, convertible loan agreements and grants from the IAA.

During December 2019, January 2020 and March 2020 we entered into a series of convertible loan agreements (the “December 2019 CLAs,” and each a “December 2019 CLA”) with third parties and certain existing shareholders (the “December 2019 Lenders”), pursuant to which the December 2019 Lenders agreed to provide the Company loans in the aggregate amount of $514,000 and in exchange the Company issued to the December 2019 Lenders (i) convertible promissory notes (the “December 2019 Notes”) and (ii) warrants with an exercise price of $8.40.

According to the terms of the December 2019 CLA, the December 2019 Notes bear interest at a rate of 5% per annum and the loan amount represented by the December 2019 Notes will be repaid to the December 2019 Lenders according to the following schedule: (i) the principal amount represented by the December 2019 Notes to be repaid in twenty four equal monthly installments, commencing on the twenty fifth month following the closing of each December 2019 CLA and (ii) the interest accrued on the loan amount to be paid in two bi-annual installments, commencing on the first anniversary of the first payment of the principal amount.

According to the terms of the December 2019 CLA, the outstanding loan amount matures on the earlier of (i) the third anniversary of each December 2019 CLA or (ii) a deemed liquidation event (as defined therein), and the December 2019 Lenders may convert all or any portion of the December 2019 Notes at any time prior to the one-year anniversary of each issuance into shares of Common Stock at a conversion price of $8.40 per share.

On June 24, 2020, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “June 2020 SPA”) with the December 2019 Lenders in connection with the sale and issuance of 67,369 units, at a purchase price of $7.63 per unit. Each unit consists of: (i) one share of the Company’s Common Stock; and (ii) one warrant to purchase one share of Common Stock with an exercise price of $8.40. In connection with the June 2020 SPA, the Company issued to the December 2019 Lenders an aggregate of 67,369 shares of Common Stock and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 67,369 shares of Common Stock. The shares of Common Stock were issued on July 2, 2020.

Simultaneous with and conditioned upon the execution of the June 2020 SPA, the Company and each of the December 2019 Lenders, agreed to effectively cancel the December 2019 CLA and the equity securities issued thereunder. In connection therewith, each of the December 2019 Lenders, voluntarily waived any right to receive interest that accrued thereupon pursuant to the December 2019 CLAs.

On September 23, 2020, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “September 2020 SPA”) with Medigus Ltd. (“Medigus”) in connection with the sale and issuance of 13,107 units, at a purchase price of $7.63 per unit, and for an aggregate purchase price of $100,000. Each unit consists of: (i) one share of Common Stock and (ii) one warrant to purchase one share of Common Stock with an exercise price of $1.20. In connection with the September 2020 SPA, the Company issued to Medigus an aggregate of 13,107 shares of Common Stock and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 13,107 shares of Common Stock. Furthermore, the September 2020 SPA contemplates an additional investment by Medigus not to exceed $25,000 (the “Additional Investment”), which investment shall be triggered following the parties’ initiation of a proof of concept procedure to test the effectiveness of the Company’s sanitizers and its residual effects against different pathogens. In consideration for the Additional Investment, the Company has agreed to issue an additional 3,277 units at a purchase price of $7.63, which units shall contain the same composition of securities as described in the aforementioned description of the September 2020 SPA.

During September 2020, we entered into a series of convertible loan agreements (each a “September 2020 CLA”) with certain lenders (the “September 2020 Lenders”), to sell convertible promissory notes with an aggregate principal amount of $125,000 (the “September 2020 Notes”). The September 2020 Notes will bear interest at a rate of 5% per annum. The outstanding loan amount will mature on the earlier of (i) the third anniversary of each September 2020 CLA or (ii) a deemed liquidation event (as defined therein). The loan amount represented by the September 2020 Notes will be repaid to the September 2020 Lenders according to the following schedule: (i) the principal amount represented by the September 2020 Notes will be repaid in four bi-annual installments, commencing on the first anniversary following the closing of each September 2020 CLA, and (ii) the interest accrued on the loan amount will be paid in two bi-annual installments, commencing on the first anniversary of the first payment of that principal amount. The September 2020 Lenders may convert all or any portion of the September 2020 Notes into shares of Common Stock at any time prior to the closing of an underwritten public offering (the “Mandatory Conversion Event”), at a conversion price of $7.63 per share. In addition, the September 2020 Notes will be automatically converted into shares of Common stock immediately prior to a Mandatory Conversion Event, at a conversion price as shall be determined in connection with the Mandatory Conversion Event.

During October 2020, we entered into a series of convertible loan agreements (each a “October 2020 CLA”) with certain lenders (the “October 2020 Lenders”), to sell convertible promissory notes with an aggregate principal amount of $100,000 (the “October 2020 Notes”). The October 2020 Notes will bear interest at a rate of 5% per annum. The outstanding loan amount will mature on the earlier of (i) the third anniversary of each October 2020 CLA or (ii) a deemed liquidation event (as defined therein). The loan amount represented by the October 2020 Notes will be repaid to the October 2020Lenders according to the following schedule: (i) the principal amount represented by the notes will be repaid in four bi-annual installments, commencing on the first anniversary following the closing of each October 2020 CLA, and (ii) the interest accrued on the loan amount will be paid in two bi-annual installments, commencing on the first anniversary of the first payment of that principal amount. The October 2020 Notes will be automatically converted into shares of Common stock immediately prior to a Mandatory Conversion Event, at a conversion price as shall be determined in connection with the Mandatory Conversion Event. In addition, the October 2020 Lenders may convert all or any portion of the notes into shares of Common Stock at any time prior to a Mandatory Conversion Event, at a conversion price of $7.63 per share.

During January 2021, we entered into a series of convertible loan agreements (each a “January 2021 CLA”) with certain lenders (the “January 2021 Lenders”), to sell convertible promissory notes with an aggregate principal amount of $274,000 (the “January 2021 Notes”). The January 2021 Notes bear interest at a rate of 5% per annum. The outstanding loan amount matures on the earlier of (i) the third anniversary of each January 2021 CLA or (ii) a deemed liquidation event (as defined therein). The loan amount represented by the January 2021 Notes will be repaid to the January 2021 Lenders according to the following schedule: (i) the principal amount represented by the notes will be repaid in four bi-annual installments, commencing on the first anniversary following the closing of each January 2021 CLA, and (ii) the interest accrued on the loan amount will be paid in two bi-annual installments, commencing on the first anniversary of the first payment of that principal amount. The January 2021 Notes will be automatically converted into shares of Common stock immediately prior to a Mandatory Conversion Event, at a conversion price as shall be determined in connection with the Mandatory Conversion Event. In addition, the January 2021 Lenders may convert all or any portion of the notes into shares of Common Stock at any time prior to a Mandatory Conversion Event, at a conversion price of $7.63 per share.

As part of the September 2020 CLAs, the October 2020 CLAs and the January 2021 CLAs, we entered into a registration rights agreement with each of the September 2020 Lenders, October 2020 Lenders and the January 2021 Lenders, whereby each of such lenders received piggyback registration rights for the shares issuable upon conversion of the September 2020 Notes, October 2020 Notes and the January 2021 Notes to shares of Common Stock.

Current Outlook

We have financed our operations to date primarily through proceeds from sales of our shares of Common Stock. We have incurred losses and generated negative cash flows from operations since inception in 2009. Most of our revenues are currently generated in U.S. dollars from the sale of our products and services.

As of December 31, 2020, our cash and cash equivalents were $242,900. We expect that our existing cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to fund our current operations until June 2021, without using the net proceeds from this offering. In addition, our operating plans may change as a result of many factors that may currently be unknown to us, and we may need to seek additional funds sooner than planned. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including:

Until we can generate significant recurring revenues and profit, we expect to satisfy our future cash needs through debt or equity financings. We cannot be certain that additional funding will be available to us when needed, on acceptable terms, if at all. If funds are not available, we may be required to delay, reduce the scope of, or eliminate research or development plans for, or commercialization efforts with respect to our products and services. This may raise substantial doubts about our ability to continue as a going concern.

In its report on our financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2020, our independent registered public accounting firm included an explanatory paragraph stating that our recurring losses from operations since inception and our need for additional funding to finance our operations raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not currently have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

Contractual Obligations

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations at December 31, 2020:

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

We are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position due to adverse changes in financial market prices and rates. Our current investment policy is to invest available cash in bank deposits with banks that have a credit rating of at least A-minus. Accordingly, some of our cash and cash equivalents is held in deposits that bear interest. Given the current low rates of interest we receive, we will not be adversely affected if such rates are reduced. Our market risk exposure is primarily a result of foreign currency exchange rates, which is discussed in detail in the following paragraph.

Impact of Inflation and Currency Fluctuations

Our functional currency and reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. We incur some of our expenses in other currencies. As a result, we are exposed to the risk that the rate of inflation in countries in which we are active other than the United States will exceed the rate of devaluation of such countries’ currencies in relation to the dollar or that the timing of any such devaluation will lag behind inflation in such countries. To date, we have been affected by changes in the rate of inflation or the exchange rates of other countries’ currencies compared to the dollar, and we cannot assure you that we will not be adversely affected in the future.

The annual rate of inflation in Israel decreased by 0.7% in 2020 and 0.6% in 2019. The New Israeli Shekel (NIS) revaluated against the U.S. dollar and decreased by approximately 7% in 2020 and 8% in 2019.

BUSINESS

Company Overview

We develop eco-friendly “green” solutions for the food industry. Our solutions are developed to improve the food safety and shelf life of fresh produce. We do this by controlling human and plant pathogens, thereby reducing spoilage, and in turn, reducing food loss.

Our products are based on a proprietary blend of food acids which have a synergistic effect when combined with certain types of oxidizing agent-based sanitizers and fungicides at low concentrations. Our “green” products are capable of cleaning, sanitizing and controlling pathogens on fresh produce with the goal of making them safer for human consumption and extending their shelf life by reducing their decay. One of the main advantages of our products is that our active ingredients do not leave any toxicological residues on the fresh produce we treat. In contrary, by forming a temporary protective shield around the fresh produce we treat, our products make it difficult for pathogens to develop and potentially provide protection which also reduces cross-contamination.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) Food Safety Modernization Act (the “FSMA”) is transforming the United States’ food safety system by shifting the focus from responding to foodborne illness to preventing it. According to the recent data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 48 million people in the United States get sick each year from foodborne diseases. We believe this is a significant public health burden that is largely preventable. Since 2018, the FDA has had a legislative mandate to require comprehensive, science-based preventive controls across the food supply such as the implementation of sanitizers into fresh produce at packing houses to ensure they are cleaned from human pathogens.

In addition, most conventional chemical pesticides (fungicides), which are currently used to protect fresh produce from microbial spoilage and reduce food waste, are potentially toxic, they remain on fruit peel and present health concerns, while also polluting the environment. Therefore, the use of these products is strictly regulated and their residue on food and on the environment are carefully monitored. Today’s trends led by both consumers and regulatory bodies are to significantly reduce the use of fungicides and switch to greener solutions. In a series of studies conducted in collaboration with a large post-harvest service company during the second quarter of 2020, our products have shown impressive results in extending the shelf life of fresh produce in “organic” (where no fungicides are used at the post-harvest stage) and conventional (where fungicides are being used at the post-harvest stage) settings. On average, our products may reduce the rotten fruits at the retail level by 50%.

We have a unique opportunity to make a positive difference throughout the food value chain from field to fork and address two of the major’s challenges in the food industry today — safety and waste. We target major markets that use conventional chemical pesticides and sanitizers, including the pre- and post-harvest market, the greenhouse market and the fresh-cut market, where our “green” products are used as alternatives for, or mixed with, conventional products in order to reduce (i) health and environmental concerns, and/or (ii) microbial resistance that has reduced the efficacy of conventional chemical pesticides.

Industry Overview and Market Opportunity

Background

The world’s population is expected to grow to almost 10 billion people by 2050, boosting agricultural demand by some 50%. Providing healthy and safe food to feed the world’s population is one of the biggest challenges of the twenty first century, accentuated with the backdrop of a of a fragile global economy. Globally, around one-third of the food produced (estimated at circa 1.3 billion tons), is lost or wasted along the food chain – from production to consumption.

Fruits and vegetables are considered essential food commodities and demonstrate their best benefits especially when consumed fresh. Consumption as well as production of fresh fruit and vegetables is growing globally; in 2018, the global production of fresh fruit amounted to about 868 million tons, while the production of fresh vegetable amounted to about 1.09 billion tons. According to a report published by technavio in October 2020, the fresh food market size has the potential to grow by 337.76 million tons from 2020 to 2024, growing at a CAGR of almost 3% during the forecast period, and the market’s growth momentum will accelerate during the forecast period due to the steady increase in year-over-year growth. In the United States, according to a report by Grand View Research, increasing health awareness among the U.S population and potential development of secondary diseases due to obesity and unhealthy eating habits are propelling the market of fruit and vegetables to reach an estimated $1.1 billion by 2025.

Food Safety and Food Loss

Food Safety

We believe foodborne diseases are a significant public health concern globally. Hundreds of diseases are caused by eating contaminated food. Many diseases are spread through unwashed or untreated produce. With approximately 48 million people in the United States (one in six) getting sick, 128,000 hospitalized, and 3,000 die each year from foodborne diseases, according to recent data published by the FDA, and 23 million in the European region getting sick due to food borne disease, food safety is another major concern and source of waste, placing a material burden on public health and significant healthcare cost. The economic burden of foodborne illness has been estimated to be as high as $90 billion annually.

When considering the farm-to-fork chain, microbial contamination of fresh produce can occur at multiple steps. Contamination can take place during the cultivation of fresh produce, at harvest, during preparation/washing, within distribution chains and transport to shops, and even at the final step in the consumers’ kitchen. We believe this is a significant public health burden that is largely preventable. The FSMA is transforming the United States food safety system by shifting the focus from responding to foodborne illness to preventing it. The Produce Safety rule of the FSMA establishes, for the first time, science-based minimum standards for the safe growing, harvesting, packing, and holding of fruits and vegetables grown for human consumption. The final rule went into effect on January 26, 2016. Sanitization is a cornerstone of FSMA compliance, which requires preventing or eliminating food safety hazards or reducing such hazards to a minimal level.

Markets require many types of produce to be washed prior to sale in order to remove dirt and other debris. Produce can be contaminated with foodborne pathogens before it enters the packing house, and these pathogens cannot be seen with the naked eye. Inability to visually spot pathogens makes the washing step one of the most important steps in packing because, if washing process is not controlled, it can become a source of cross-contamination (when foodborne pathogens fall off contaminated produce into the water where they can contaminate more produce). These washing steps are defined by the packing house safety managers as critical point because water mixed with organic materials are good conditions for pathogens to develop. Therefore, the use of sanitizers should be introduced during the washing step because they are, most of the time, one of the last treatments applied before the produce meets with the consumer. Sanitizers are designed to inactivate/kill any bacteria in the water, drastically reducing the possibility of cross-contamination. We believe this represents a significant opportunity for us.

Food Loss

The Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations predicts that about third of the food produced globally are wasted or lost every year. Approximately 644 million tons of fruits and vegetables are thrown away each year (representing 42% of the total food wasted every year). A report published in April 2020, generated by the European Innovation Partnership Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability, estimates that in Europe an estimated 9 million tons of food is lost at the production stage (farm), while up to 16.9 million tons are lost at the processing stage (packing houses, etc.).

Much of this loss is caused by spoilage, which can be caused by microorganisms – primarily bacteria and mold. In addition, bacteria and fungi represent the highest numbers of incidents of post-harvest microbial diseases in fresh produce worldwide. Taken together, it is estimated that nearly a third of all food grown is lost between the time that it is grown and harvested and the time that it is packaged for retail sale. Such waste equates to roughly $680 billion in industrialized countries and $310 billion in developing countries.

Post-harvest losses due to spoilage represent a significant problem along the supply chain and lead to profit losses in the millions. The main causes of these losses are pest or disease infestation and incorrect storage conditions, which lead to rotting or loss of fresh mass due to respiration and evaporation. Fruits and vegetables are largely damaged after harvest by fungi and bacteria . It is estimated that an average of 45% of harvested fruit and vegetables are lost globally. Post-harvest diseases have been identified as the greatest cause of post-harvest losses in fruits and vegetables, causing significant economic losses. It is estimated that approximately 20 to 25% of the fruit and vegetables harvested are lost due to microbial spoilage during post-harvest handling in developed countries. Furthermore, the demand for fresh fruits and vegetables, especially exotic tropical fruit has contributed to the demand for post-harvest treatments to increase shelf life and maintain quality, resulting in more efficient export trade.

The most common way to protect fresh produce and prevent loss is the use of hazardous chemicals such as fungicides in post-harvest applications. Post-harvest diseases are generally controlled by fungicides. Systemic (non-organic) fungicides, are one of the most commonly used fungicides, for example, citrus fruits in California are completely covered by the fungicides, and the residue is persistent for the life of the fruit providing protection. However, as they tend to affect a single biochemical pathway within the pathogen, fungi may readily develop resistance to systemic fungicides. To avoid potential issues with resistance, maximum concentration of fungicides will be generally used to ensure highly efficient eradication of the targeted pathogen which leaves high residue level on the treated produce.

However, these chemical agents have been applied for many years with few or limited success due to the development of resistance. Further they have severe negative effects on human health, and the environment mainly due to the carcinogenic and/or teratogenic properties of the compounds, and by their cumulative toxic effects.

The effects of exposure to these hazardous chemicals on humans and the environment are a continuing concern as they are intrinsically toxic and pollute the environment through wastewater discharge from the packing house or a discarded fruit. Therefore, the agricultural use of certain pesticides (in the field or in the packing house) has been abandoned in some countries leaving the growers with significant challenges.

To control and monitor the potential negative impacts pesticides might have over time, regulatory agencies that regulate pesticides – for example, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (the “EPA”), the Pest Management Authority Agency in Canada, and the European Food Safety Authority (“EFSA”) in Europe, have defined a maximum residue level (the “MRL”) that can be present on the treated produce. Additionally, more countries require an MRL for the commodity to be imported into their country. As there is increased awareness regarding compliance with MRLs, MRLs have become a much greater concern. These changes have also impacted the market and we believe that consumers spearheaded this change by demanding organic or pesticide-free foods. Consumers have recently increasingly want to understand where and how their food is grown. Retailers and processors have capitalized on what they view as an opportunity to offer more information to consumers. It is more common now for retailers and processors to ask which products have been used on the commodities they are purchasing. There are also retailers and processors banning the use of certain products, requiring any residues to be below the established MRLs. The reduction in MRLs results in lower efficacy of fungicide and increased loss.

We believe that the rising demand for healthy food among the global population will trigger the market’s growth in the forthcoming years. Over the last decade, the organic market in Europe continued to grow and reached €40.7 billion in 2018 with 15.6 million hectares (approximately 38,548,439 acres) (including 2.2 million hectares in Spain, the largest organic area in Europe, followed by 2.0 million hectares in France and 2.0 million hectares in Italy), providing farmers with further added value on their production. The strong growth rates in both production and consumption indicate that the organic market has not yet reached its peak and further growth can still be expected. Organic farming is already responding to further emerging consumer trends such as veganism and demand for locally produced food products, turning these challenges into opportunities.

As consumer demand for organic fruits and vegetables is increasing globally and there is an increasing promotion by government organizations for the adoption of environmentally friendly pesticides, the biorational pesticides market estimated at $2.78 billion in 2017 is projected to reach a value of $5.02 billion by 2022, at a compound annual growth rate (the “CAGR”) of 12.5% from 2017. A biorational pesticide is a term used to define any pesticide material that causes relatively no harm to humans or animals and does little or no damage to the environment. We believe that our products could be defined as biorational products.
Analysts have predicted that the organic fresh food market will reach a CAGR of almost 15% by 2023. The market size will increase by $62.23 billion during the forecast period from 2019 to 2023. In addition, strict regulations have been imposed on the usage of pesticides and GMO-produced crops worldwide. This, in turn, has influenced consumer demand for organic fruits and vegetables.

Case Study – Citrus Fruit

Citrus fruit, which represent one of the main fruit produce worldwide with more than 100 million tons produced worldwide, can be infected by many fungal pathogens, and these pathogens can cause considerable losses during storage and transportation. Losses are mainly caused by Penicillium digitatum, P. italicum, Aspergillus flavus and Alternaria alternata for citrus fruit. Post-harvest treatments such as thiabendazole, imazalil, sodium ortho-phenil phenate or other active ingredients have been used for many years. They are currently the most commonly used fungicides effective for controlling post-harvest fungal pathogens in citrus and they are used in citrus packing houses to maintain fresh fruit, control post-harvest decay, and extend fruit shelf life. However, significant problems such as environmental issues and health concerns have risen in the citrus industry due to chemical residues or the occurrence of pathogenic resistant strains which require the use of even higher concentration of these post-harvest treatments. However, currently, the residues of imazalil on citrus fruits is being revised by the European Commission. The EFSA put forward a proposal in 2018 to cut the MRL for imazalil from 5 milligrams per kilogram to 0.01 milligrams per kilogram, causing worry among Europe’s main citrus producing countries and packers exporting their produce to European countries. Due to the significant impact this proposal could have on the citrus industry, the European Council has decided, in the meantime, to start reducing imazalil residues to four milligrams per kilogram for citrus fruit for a limited period of time to allow the citrus industry an extra time to find green and safe alternatives. Our product PeroStar/SaveProtect has already shown its benefits in reducing significantly the residues of imazalil while maintaining the produce shelf life.

Current Market Drivers and Trends

In addition to food safety and food waste concerns, the following market drivers are also shaping the food industry by setting standards and conditions on the main actors in the industry:

The increased consumption of fruits and vegetables in combination with the current regulation and consumers’ demand for healthier food has placed a greater burden on the fresh produce industry to provide food products that are fresher in quality, demonstrate an extended shelf life and are safer to consume.

The aforementioned changes provide a unique opportunity for us to introduce our products. We are aiming to become a significant player in post-harvest green produce treatment, fully responsive to the world’s ongoing change in fruit and vegetables consumption, food safety requirements as well as regulations and consumer demand to eliminate the use of hazardous chemicals.

Our Core Products

Our innovative products address what we believe to be two of the most significant challenges in the food industry: increase food safety and reduce food loss. Our main product lines consist of a proprietary blend of organic food acids applied in post-harvest applications designed to ensure food safety and increase fruit and vegetable’ shelf life by reducing microbial spoilage.

The main steps in post-harvest applications are cleaning, sanitization, and coating (wax). Our products address the cleaning and sanitization application points which are the critical first steps for preserving the quality of fresh produce by controlling microbial contamination related to food safety (e.g., Listeria, Salmonella, E. coli) and food loss due to microbial spoilage (e.g., fungi, mold and yeast). In general, the current process includes an initial washing step to remove soil and other debris, which improves the product appearance and lowers the product temperature. The next step includes sanitation or disinfection methods combined with fungicides that can further reduce the presence and prevent the transfer of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms on fresh produce surfaces. The last step usually includes application of wax sometimes combined with an additional application of fungicides to prevent or reduce physiological changes and risks of spoilage. Our main products are applied at the cleaning and sanitization steps.

One of the main advantages of our food acid blend is its non-toxic residues that are providing protection to the treated produce. And we believe that all the blend ingredients are recognized by the FDA as GRAS. Moreover, they significantly reduce or eliminate the need for additional post-harvest applications with conventional fungicide by at least 50%, and in some cases entirely, and can reduce food waste due to spoilage by up to 50% (see results below on easy peelers and mango). Our main products are currently being used as:

Processing Aids – SavePROTECT or PeroStar

Processing aids are products that are intended to be used with other products to aid the application or enhance the effect of that product. Save Foods processing aids, which are marketed as SavePROTECT in the United States and PeroStar in Spain, Israel and Italy, are based on our proprietary blend of food acids and are added to the wash water at the cleaning and sanitization stages simultaneously with a low concentration of peracetic acid (“PAA”), a sanitizing agent. This food acid blend serves several functions:

During 2020, we ran a series of proof of concept and small trials in collaboration with commercial partners on pears, avocado, easy peelers, lime, mango, bell pepper, lemons, fresh cut vegetables and figs. In February 2021, we initiated a proof of concept in bananas.

Results on Easy Peelers

Easy peelers are citrus fruits that are easier to peel, such as tangerines, mandarins, satsumas, and clementines. As previously described, imazalil is currently one the most commonly used fungicide that is effective in controlling post-harvest fungal pathogens in citrus. Currently, the residues of imazalil on citrus fruit is being revised by the European Commission and have already been reduced, and this reduction poses challenges, especially to packing houses exporting to Europe.

Between February and June 2020, we collaborated with the Israeli branch of one of the largest worldwide post-harvest service companies to demonstrate the safety and ability of PeroStar to meet the new requirement of reduced residue level of imazalil and efficiently control decay against the most common pathogens attacking citrus fruit such as Green mold (Penecillium digitatum) and sour rot (Geotrichum candidum). The experiment simulated the applications in a packing house which tested the use of imazalil with and without our products. The reference used in the trials to compare the results was the maximum amount of imazalil allowed and the current treatment in the packing house which is a combination of PAA and imazalil as well as PAA alone to simulate treatment in organic settings.

To ensure the efficacy of the products, it is customary to deliberately infect the fruit with the target pathogen at a concentration of around 10⁵ and to inoculate it for 16 to 24 hours before treatment. Following the treatments, the fruit was stored in cold storage for between 9 to 21 days and then stored in room temperature for shelf-life evaluation.

During these months, we ran a series of trials from small scale/lab test (between 350 to 500 fruits per trial) to semi-commercial application (more than 1000 fruits per trial). The semi-commercial pilots were run in Ashkelon, Israel on the packing line of Mehadrin in Israel, a well-know and recognized citrus packer.

The results of the trials have shown that PeroStar significantly reduced the need for additional post-harvest applications with imazalil by at least 50%, and in some cases entirely while improving the fruit shelf life, reducing waste). In addition, the use of PeroStar allows the packing house to meet the new limitations of imazalil utilization as well as meet its goal to apply greener and safer products (see graph below).

In addition, over the 2018 to 2019 and 2019 to 2020 citrus fruit seasons in the State of California, the safety of our products was demonstrated on more than 100,000 tons of fresh produce in the aggregate, which, according to the biannual report “Citrus: World Markets and Trade” published in July 2020 by the United States Department of Agriculture, represent more than 12% of the total production in the United States of mandarins/tangerines. The United States is ranked as the number six producer worldwide with around 800,000 tons, while Israel is ranked number ten with around 200,000 tons.

Results on Mangos

We have recently tested our PeroStar on mangos in collaboration with the Israeli-based Volcani Center for Agricultural Research. The goal of the test was to evaluate the effectiveness of PeroStar in preventing decay in harvested mangos in comparison with fludioxonil. Fludioxonil is a fungicide that is commercially available in Israel at a level of 250 to 300 parts per million. Fludioxonil is deemed to be an effective fungicide against fungi that attack the mango post-harvest, yet there is a growing need for “greener” solutions, given Fludioxonil’s level of toxicity.

Mangos was stored for three weeks after treatment at 12°C and an additional week of shelf life at 20°C in what would typically simulate a mango crate shipment to Europe and retailers in similarly distanced markets.

Results after evaluation have shown us that the treatment with PeroStar, improved the biocide activity of the PAA, which resulted in a reduction in both side decay and stem-end rot (common pathogens in mango) leading to an extended shelf life with no use of fungicide (as demonstrated in the picture below). In addition, the results also showed that the combination of PeroStar with a low concentration of fludioxonil reduced the post-harvest decay to zero. The results (as presented in the graph below) demonstrate that applying PeroStar enables mango producers to achieve an improved shelf life of produce compared to the current treatment while reducing the use of conventional chemical pesticides.

Commercialization Stage

Following a successful pilot in Mexico on Persian lime (where SavePROTECT has reduced to zero the fruit decay after 21 days as shown in the graph below), the packing house has bought a first batch to start the utilization of our product.

Based on these results, food retailers may benefit from additional income of up to $126 per ton of limes assuming a conservative average price of $3,000 per ton lime (based on an average price per pound lime of $1.49 in 2019), as presented in the graph below.

The European Union is a significant target market for our organic food acid blends because of strict regulations that are being imposed on the use of pesticides and GMO-produced crops, as well as health conscious consumers who represent a growing demand for organic fruits and vegetables. In August 2020, we submitted a regulatory dossier for our PeroStar as a processing aid to be used with PAA in Spain and Italy, two of the largest fruit and vegetables producers in Europe. See “Government Regulation and Product Approval” below.

In Israel, with the start of the citrus season, Safe-Pack (Decco Israel) is using our product under a white label name in one of the largest packing house in Israel.

Sanitizer – SF3HS or SF3H

Post-harvest sanitizers are considered a pesticide and regulated by the EPA in the United States. The EPA will review toxicity data and results from tests to show how well the product kills bacteria to determine if the product should be approved. See “Government Regulation and Product Approval” below.

This sub-category of products is based on our proprietary blend of food acids combined with hydrogen peroxide as the oxizider and includes SF3HS and SF3H. We believe that this category of products will be an improved sanitizer as compared to traditional sanitizers. SF3HS and SF3H are public health antimicrobial pesticide products that bear a claim to control by at least a 3 log10 reduction (99.9%) pest microorganisms that pose a threat to human health (foodborne pathogens), and whose presence cannot readily be observed by the consumer.

After we have finalized our toxicological studies, we conducted a series of microbial trials in laboratories in both the United States and Israel in non-Good Laboratory Practice (“non-GLP”) settings in order to evaluate the efficacy of SF3H as an antimicrobial agent to reduce foodborne pathogenic bacteria in “processing water” for fruit and vegetables. We used a modification of the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists Germicidal and Detergent Sanitizing Action of Disinfectants method and test protocol EN1276 (European standard for the evaluation of chemical disinfectant or antiseptic for bactericidal activity). The tested organisms are Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli O157:H7.

The last test was performed by Analytical Lab Group on a mix culture of Listeria monocytogenes with an exposure time of 30 seconds. The results showed more than 99.99999% (>7.51 Log10) reduction. In Israel, the tests were performed by the Institute for Food Microbiology and Consumer Good Health on a single strain for each pathogen (Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium and E. coli) with exposure time of 30 seconds and the results have shown between 99.99% to 99.9999% reduction. Exposure time is a key parameter in sanitization process, therefore allowing a short contact time is a significant advantage over the competition where the current minimum contact time available is 45 seconds.

We plan to conduct GLP efficacy studies during the first half of 2021 to complete our regulatory dossier for the EPA and the FDA to obtain the appropriate regulatory approvals for our products to be marketed and used as “sanitizers” to claim control of foodborne pathogens (food safety) as well as plant pathogens (food loss reduction). We plan to submit our regulatory dossier during the second half of 2021. It is planned that SF3HS/SF3H will be used in post-harvest to control both plant and foodborne pathogens for fruit and vegetables (including microgreens). For additional information regarding the regulatory approval process see “Government Regulation and Product Approval” below.

Results on Avocados

We have tested the efficacy of our SF3H and SF3HS products against Listeria on 40 avocados of which 10 avocados were treated with our SF3H and SF3HS products. The peel of the avocado was punctured and infected with high level of Listeria. The results have shown a 99.99% reduction within fifteen seconds of exposure time. In addition, we have also tested the efficacy of SF3H on avocado’s shelf life compared to current treatments (12 avocados per treatment). The results (demonstrated below) show that after 18 days in room temperature the treated avocados display material reduction in microbial spoilage as compared to avocados treated with water and chlorine, a well-known sanitizer.

Results on Microgreens

An increasing number of studies point to the growing demand for locally sourced, organic vegetables. Various types of “young vegetables,” such as sprouts, microgreens and baby greens, are becoming increasingly popular due to their high nutritional value. Microgreens are deemed premium products and command higher retail value. They also belong to a group of “functional foods” and have high levels of bioactive compounds, while requiring less water and energy to grow, which they do year-round. Currently, microgreens are largely being cultivated in major greenhouses across the United States. According to Agrilyst, an agro-intelligence platform, greenhouse cultivation of microgreens was the highest in South and North East regions, each accounting for 71% and 59% in 2017. While consumers in the United States are more focused on growing leafy greens and microgreens than any other vegetables.

We have tested the efficacy of our SF3H products to control and prevent potential pathogen contamination on microherbs (pea and sorrel) produced by Israeli-based microgreens exporter 2BFresh. Our treatment combined a post-harvest spray application and a fogging treatment to be used in the cooldown storage room. In order to determine the efficacy of the product, 25 swabs were taken across 18 trays (nine of each microgreen species). The results (as presented herein) show more than a 90% reduction of the total bacterial load post-treatment (see table).

We believe that our SF3HS and SF3H provide improved sanitization of bacteria (including E. coli, Salmonella and Listeria) while leaving no toxic residues on fruits and vegetables.

We expect the first commercialization of SF3H and SF3HS at the earliest by the end of the first half of 2022.

Other Products

Our product portfolio also includes the SpuDefender and FreshProtect.

SpuDefender

SpuDefender is one of our EPA-registered products which targets and is designed to control the post-harvest potato sprout. Due to the European Commission’s decision on January 1, 2020 to no longer allow the use of the herbicide chlorpropham (the “CIPC”), the post-harvest potato industry is looking for new solutions. For over 50 years, CIPC was widely used as a sprout suppressing agrochemical agent applied to potatoes that were stored in processing facilities.

Following recent discussions with post-harvest experts and potential customers, we believe our SpuDefender product may offer a successful alternative to CIPC. During 2021, we plan to initiate pilot tests with potential customers to treat potatoes pre-storage (three to six months storage in average).

FreshProtect

FreshProtect is our second EPA registered product, which targets and is designed to control spoilage-creating microorganisms on post-harvest citrus fruit. The registered label of the product only allows us to market and sell our FreshProtect in the United States (excluding California). However, we believe our FreshProtect has a significant potential in reducing the bacterial load entering the packing house in the pre-harvest market. The non-toxicity of our FreshProtect allows its application up to the day of harvest (0-day pre-harvest interval), which is critical to prolong crop protection and reduce microbial spoilage.

We recently ran a proof of concept study under a controlled group environment of different plant fungi responsible for decay which showed promising initial results.

We also conducted a series of smaller studies, consisting of laboratory tests and tests on a limited number of lemon trees whereby we demonstrated significant reduction of decay in treated fruit and reduction in bacterial populations.

The main conclusions of the trials were that FreshProtect with concentration of 1% and 2% applied at 400 gallons per acre materially reduced sour-rot on inoculated fruit. While both rates were also effective against fruit inoculated with P. digitatum, (i.e. fungus found in the soil of citrus-producing areas and major source of post-harvest decay), the 2% concentration of FreshProtect demonstrated significantly more efficacy at reducing sour-rot. Natural incidence of Penicillium spp. (a family of fungi) was also reduced on fruit inoculated with G. candidum, fungus that is a member of the human microbiome.

Furthermore, FreshProtect can be used in combination with several different kinds of pesticides and fertilizers which allows the application of more than one pesticide at once. This in turn reduces cost and facilitates implementation. The graph below summarize these results:

The regulation for pre-harvest (in the field) application especially in California as well as in Israel may take more time than post-harvest application due the potential impact on the environment. Therefore, we expect the product to reach the market during 2022.

Our Strengths

We believe that our main strengths include:

Our Strategy

In September 2018, the Company changed its organizational structure and management team. After reviewing the Company’s then existing strategy and results of operation, as well as examining the market opportunities, the new management team decided to update the Company’s strategy, reduce the marketing and sales of its existing products, and focus the Company’s efforts and financial resources in developing its next generation products. During the years 2019 and 2020, we developed, validated and tested the efficacy of our next generation product – a blend of food acids – on a variety of crops in small and large scale commercial pilots.

Our strategy is to develop and commercialize our products through strategic partnerships with global post-harvest service companies and with large food distributors and retailers with the intent of: (i) extending the shelf life of fresh produce while reducing (and even eliminating) the use of harmful chemicals (fungicides); (ii) ensuring food safety and shelf life by controlling foodborne pathogens and allow our customers to meet FSMA regulatory requirements; (iii) reducing food loss and the associated carbon “footprint.” Our ultimate goal is to eventually gain presence in a variety of businesses compromising the food industry, including pre-harvest, post-harvest, retail and consumer businesses.

In order to achieve our goals, we intend to:

Selling and Marketing

We concentrate our marketing efforts on high value crops, such as avocado, mango, citrus, apples, pears, bananas, papaya, bell pepper, lettuce and tomatoes and target large producers of these crops as well as large food distributors and retailers. As of the date of this prospectus, we are exploring collaboration opportunities for our SavePROTECT or PeroStar with producers in the United States, Spain, Israel, Italy and Mexico. And we intend during the next 12 months to initiate commercial collaboration with local packers and retailers in our first targeted location previously mentioned.

The table below summarizes the market opportunities for selected produce in our target markets.

To support our efforts, we will increase our marketing and sales team as well as services in our target location to support all our efforts.

United States

The first market we target for the sale and distribution of SavePROTECT is the post-harvest citrus industry in the State of California, which alone accounts for approximately 80% of all fruits and vegetables in the United States.

Over the last three years, we have treated more than 180,000 tons of citrus fruit with the different version of our SavePROTECT product. Under the supervision of a world leading packing house to the citrus fruit industry, we evidenced SavePROTECT utility as having a good safety profile, ensuring food safety and in controlling microbial spoilage. We plan to leverage this collaboration in order to further penetrate the citrus based fruit packing industry, both in California and beyond.

The Post-harvest treatment market for fruits and vegetables, which is projected to grow from $1.5 billion in 2019 to $2.3 billion by 2026, growing at a CAGR of 6.5% during the forecast period, is led globally by select companies, including DECCO U.S. Post-Harvest, Inc., (United States), Pace International, (United States), Xeda International (France), John Bean Technologies (United States), and Agrofresh (United States).

Once we have completed our studies and secured the appropriate regulatory approvals, we plan to further penetrate this market. We currently focus on post-harvest treatment for the citrus industry (as well as mangos and avocados) but are conducting pilot studies with leading players in the industry to evaluate and validate our products formulations.

We plan on commencing one commercial pilot study with a global food retailer by the end of the first quarter of 2021.

On September 22, 2020, we entered into a non-exclusive commission agreement with Earthbound Technologies, LLC (“EBT”) for a period of 12 months, according to which EBT will introduce us to potential clients, pre-approved by us (the “Introduced Parties”) and will assist us in finalizing commercial agreements with the Introduced Parties. In consideration for its services, we agreed to pay EBT 12.5% of the net revenues generated from the Introduced Parties (during the agreement period and within 18 months following the termination of the agreement) up to a total aggregated amount of $2,000,000, provided that the compensation shall not exceed 25% of our gross profit under the given commercial agreement signed with the Introduced Party. In addition, in the event that the aggregated net revenues generated from the Introduced Parties exceeds $500,000, and subject to the approval of our board of directors, we will issue to EBT 7,143 options to purchase 7,143 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $8.4 per share. In the event that certain additional events detailed in the agreement occur, we will also issue to EBT, subject to the approval of our board of directors, an additional 7,143 options to purchase 7,143 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $8.4 per share.

Israel

On September 11, 2020, we signed a five-year exclusive distribution agreement (the “Distribution Agreement”) with Safe-Pack Products Ltd. (“Safe-Pack”), according to which we granted Safe-Pack an exclusive right to resell, distribute, advertise, and market ours products in the citrus industry in Israel and Palestine. In addition, we agreed to grant Safe-Pack a right of first refusal to be designated as an exclusive distributor of ours in certain agreed upon territory for additional products of ours in the post-harvest market. In consideration for the above rights granted to Safe-Pack, Safe-Pack will submit to us purchase orders of our products at a price specified in the Distribution Agreement. Commencing upon the second calendar year of the agreement, Safe-Pack is required to meet a minimum purchase quota, as shall be mutually agreed upon between the parties. In the event that the parties fail to agree on a quota, the quota shall be equal to last year quota plus 3%.

Spain

We have been collaborating with one of the world’s leading post-harvest treatment service vendors in Spain since June 2020, where we are examining our product on citrus fruit. We believe our product could be an improved alternative to current fungicides that will soon be significantly reduced in this market.

Mexico

We are planning a series of studies in which our SavePROTECT will be applied on tomatoes, bananas, lemons, bell peppers and avocados. The first study to ensure safety of avocados is planned for the first quarter of 2021.

Between August and October of 2020, we have conducted three successful trials in Mexico, on more than 200 kilograms of Persian limes. The results have shown that the addition of SavePROTECT to current treatments extend shelf life. Shelf life was tested for 25 days and results have shown that SavePROTECT substantially reduces decay. Mexico is the largest producer of Persian limes and is deemed to be that country’s second most important citrus fruit.

Intellectual Property

We rely on patents and trade secret protection laws to protect our proprietary products and intellectual property. We entered into confidentiality agreements with our employees, consultants, customers, service providers and vendors that cover, inter alia, our technology and proprietary manufacturing processes.

As of the date of this prospectus, we own five issued patents, one allowed patent, and seven pending patent applications, four of which may be submitted worldwide. Expiration dates of our patents, and any patents which may be granted under our pending patent applications, are from 2031 through 2041. Our patent family includes patents granted in Israel, the United States and Europe.

Compositions and Methods of Treating Edible Matter and Substrates Therefor

This patent family includes granted patents in the United States, Israel, and an allowed application in Europe and is directed to a method for protecting edible matter from decay by applying to the edible matter a disinfecting composition containing, among other things, (1) phosphonic or phosphoric acid, (2) a carboxylic acid, (3) performic acid, (4) a performic acid source (such as formic acid) and an oxidizer (such as hydrogen peroxide).

Methods for Improving the Appearance of Edible Plant Matter

This patent family includes a granted patent in Israel and is directed to a method of improving the appearance of edible plant matter either during the pre-harvest or post-harvest stage. The method includes applying a composition based on phosphonic acid to the edible plant matter.

Method and Apparatus for Maintaining Fresh Produce in a Transportation Container

This patent family includes granted patents in Israel and in the United States. The patent family is related to a method of using thereof for maintaining fresh produce stored in a transportation container. The apparatus is configured to generate an aerosol of one or more liquid pesticides, thereby reducing pathogenic contamination within the transportation container. This patent family covers any liquid pesticide for use in the above-mentioned apparatus.

Sterilization Compositions and Methods for Use Thereof

This patent family is directed to compositions and methods for reducing pathogen load within a container or on a surface, including inter alia the surface of an edible plant matter. Furthermore, the application is directed to compositions and methods for disinfection of cooling systems.

Sterilization Devices and Methods for Use Thereof