UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
CURRENT REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported):
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Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
| Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425) |
| Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12) |
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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class |
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Explanatory Note
As previously disclosed in its Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on April 3, 2023, Ovintiv Inc., a Delaware corporation (NYSE: OVV), and Ovintiv USA Inc., Ovintiv Inc’s wholly owned subsidiary (collectively the “Company” or “Ovintiv”), entered into a definitive securities purchase agreement with Black Swan Oil & Gas, LLC, PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC, Piedra Energy III Holdings, LLC and Piedra Energy IV Holdings, LLC (“Sellers”), which are portfolio companies of funds managed by EnCap Investments L.P. (“EnCap”), for the purchase of certain producing oil and gas properties, undeveloped acreage and associated water infrastructure assets in the Midland Basin (collectively, the “Permian Acquisition”).
This Current Report on Form 8-K is being filed to disclose the financial statements and other information set forth in Item 9.01(a) and Item 9.01(b) hereto.
| Item 9.01. | Financial Statements and Exhibits. |
(a) Financial statements of business to be acquired.
The audited annual combined financial statements of PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP, which comprise the combined balance sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the related combined statements of operations, changes in members’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes to the combined financial statements, are filed as Exhibit 99.1 hereto and incorporated by reference herein.
The audited annual financial statements of PearlSnap Midstream, LLC, which comprise the balance sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the related statements of operations, changes in members’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes to the financial statements, are filed as Exhibit 99.2 hereto and incorporated by reference herein.
The audited annual consolidated financial statements of Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary, which comprise the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the related consolidated statements of operations, members’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements, are filed as Exhibit 99.3 and 99.4 hereto and incorporated by reference herein.
The audited annual financial statements of Piedra Energy IV, LLC, which comprise the balance sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the related statements of operations, members’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes to the financial statements, are filed as Exhibit 99.6 and 99.7 hereto and incorporated by reference herein.
The audited annual combined financial statements of Black Swan Permian, LLC and Black Swan Operating, LLC (the “Black Swan Subject Companies”), which comprise the combined balance sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the related combined statements of operations, members’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes to the combined financial statements, are filed as Exhibit 99.9 hereto and incorporated by reference herein.
The audited annual statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of Certain Interests in 1025 Investments, LLC to be acquired by Ovintiv USA Inc., which comprise the statements of revenues and direct operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the related notes, are filed as Exhibit 99.10 hereto and incorporated by reference herein.
The unaudited quarterly condensed financial statements of PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC, which comprise the condensed balance sheet as of March 31, 2023, and the related condensed statements of operations, changes in members’ equity, and cash flows for the three-months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related notes to the condensed financial statements, are filed as Exhibit 99.11 hereto and incorporated by reference herein.
The unaudited quarterly condensed financial statements of PearlSnap Midstream, LLC, which comprise the condensed balance sheet as of March 31, 2023, and the related condensed statements of operations, changes in members’ equity, and cash flows for the three-months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related notes to the condensed financial statements, are filed as Exhibit 99.12 hereto and incorporated by reference herein.
The unaudited quarterly consolidated financial statements of Piedra Energy III, LLC, and Subsidiary which comprise the consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2023, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in members’ equity, and cash flows for the three-months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements, are filed as Exhibit 99.13 hereto and incorporated by reference herein.
The unaudited quarterly financial statements of Piedra Energy IV, LLC, which comprise the balance sheet as of March 31, 2023, and the related statements of operations, changes in members’ equity, and cash flows for the three-months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related notes to the financial statements, are filed as Exhibit 99.14 hereto and incorporated by reference herein.
The unaudited quarterly combined financial statements of Black Swan Subject Companies, which comprise the combined balance sheet as of March 31, 2023, and the related combined statements of operations, members’ equity, and cash flows for the three-months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related notes to the combined financial statements, are filed as Exhibit 99.15 hereto and incorporated by reference herein.
The unaudited quarterly statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of Certain Interests in 1025 Investments, LLC to be acquired by Ovintiv USA Inc., which comprise the statements of revenues and direct operating expenses for the three-months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related notes to the statements, are filed as Exhibit 99.16 hereto and incorporated by reference herein.
(b) Preliminary Pro forma financial information.
The preliminary unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information of the Company, which comprise the balance sheet as of March 31, 2023, the related statements of earnings for the year ended December 31, 2022 and three-month period ended March 31, 2023, and the related notes to the pro forma condensed combined financial information, is filed as Exhibit 99.17 hereto and incorporated by reference herein.
(d) Exhibits.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
| Dated: May 12, 2023 | OVINTIV INC. (Registrant) | |||||
| /s/ Corey D. Code | ||||||
| Name: | Corey D. Code | |||||
| Title: | Executive Vice-President & Chief Financial Officer | |||||
Exhibit 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statements on Form S-3 (No. 333-270153) and S-8 (Nos. 333-231248, 333-188758, 333-140856, 333-124218, 333-85598 and 333-266531) of Ovintiv Inc. of our report dated April 14, 2023 relating to the combined financial statements of PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interest of Peacemaker Royalties, LP which appears in this Current Report on Form 8-K.
| /s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP |
| Houston, Texas |
| May 12, 2023 |
Exhibit 23.2
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statements on Form S-3 (No. 333-270153) and S-8 (Nos. 333-231248, 333-188758, 333-140856, 333-124218, 333-85598 and 333-266531) of Ovintiv Inc. of our report dated April 3, 2023 relating to the financial statements of PearlSnap Midstream, LLC, which appears in this Current Report on Form 8-K.
| /s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP |
| Houston, Texas |
| May 12, 2023 |
Exhibit 23.3
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statements on Form S-3 (No. 333-270153) and on Form S-8 (File Nos. 333-231248, 333-188758, 333-140856, 333-124218, 333-85598 and 333-266531) of Ovintiv Inc. of our reports dated March 17, 2023 and March 16, 2022, relating to the consolidated financial statements of Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary, and of our reports dated March 17, 2023 and March 16, 2022, relating to the financial statements of Piedra Energy IV, LLC, included in this Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 12, 2023.
/s/ Weaver and Tidwell, L.L.P.
Midland, Texas
May 12, 2023
Exhibit 23.4
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-3 (No. 333-270153) and Form S-8 (File Nos. 333-231248, 333-188758, 333-140856, 333-124218, 333-85598 and 333-266531) of Ovintiv Inc. of our reports dated April 14, 2023, relating to:
| • | the combined financial statements Black Swan Permian, LLC and Black Swan Operating, LLC; and |
| • | the statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of certain oil and gas properties of 1025 Investments, LLC to be acquired by Ovintiv USA Inc. |
both appearing in this Current Report on Form 8-K of Ovintiv Inc. dated May 12, 2023.
/s/ Moss Adams LLP
Dallas, Texas
May 12, 2023
Exhibit 23.5
Consent of Independent Petroleum Engineers
As independent petroleum engineers, we hereby consent to the references to our firm, in the context in which they appear, and to the references to, and the inclusion of, our reserve report and oil, natural gas and NGL reserves estimates and forecasts of economics dated March 20, 2023 as of December 31, 2022, included in or made part of the registration statements on Form S-3 (No. 333-270153) and on Form S-8 (File Nos. 333-231248, 333-188758, 333-140856, 333-124218, 333-85598 and 333-266531) of Ovintiv Inc., which appears in this Current Report on this Form 8-K dated May 12, 2023.
| LAROCHE PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS, LTD. |
| Texas Registered Engineering Firm |
| By LPC, Inc. General Partner |
| /s/ Joe A. Young |
| Joe A. Young, P.E. |
| Vice-President |
Plano, Texas
May 12, 2023
Exhibit 23.6
Consent of Independent Petroleum Engineers
As independent petroleum engineers, we hereby consent to the references to our firm, in the context in which they appear, and to the references to, and the inclusion of, our reserves report and oil, natural gas and NGL reserves estimates and forecasts of economics as of December 31, 2022, included in or made part of the registration statements on Form S-3 (No. 333-270153) and on Form S-8 (File Nos. 333-231248, 333-188758, 333-140856, 333-124218, 333-85598 and 333-266531) of Ovintiv Inc., which appears in this Current Report on this Form 8-K dated May 12, 2023.
| CAWLEY, GILLESPIE & ASSOCIATES, INC. |
| Texas Registered Engineering Firm |
| /s/ W. Todd Brooker, P.E. |
| W. Todd Brooker, P.E. |
| President |
Austin, Texas
May 12, 2023
Exhibit 23.7
Consent of Independent Petroleum Engineers
As independent petroleum engineers, we hereby consent to the references to our firm, in the context in which they appear, and to the references to, and the inclusion of, our reserves reports and oil, natural gas and NGL reserves estimates and forecasts of economics as of December 31, 2022 for each of Piedra Energy III, LLC and Piedra Energy IV, LLC, included in or made part of the registration statements on Form S-3 (No. 333-270153) and on Form S-8 (File Nos. 333-231248, 333-188758, 333-140856, 333-124218, 333-85598 and 333-266531) of Ovintiv Inc., which appears in this Current Report on this Form 8-K dated May 12, 2023.
| RUSSELL K. HALL AND ASSOCIATES, INC. | ||
| Russell K. Hall and Associates, Inc. Registration No. F-022199 | ||
| /s/ Russel K. Hall | ||
| Russel K. Hall, P.E. no. 69926 | ||
| President | ||
| Midland, Texas | ||
| May 12, 2023 | ||
Exhibit 99.1
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC
and Certain Interests of
Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Index
December 31, 2022 and 2021
| Page(s) | ||||
| Report of Independent Auditors |
1-2 | |||
| Combined Financial Statements |
||||
| Balance Sheets |
3 | |||
| Statements of Operations |
4 | |||
| Statements of Changes in Members’ Equity |
5 | |||
| Statements of Cash Flows |
6 | |||
| Notes to Combined Financial Statements |
7–26 | |||
Report of Independent Auditors
To the Management of PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Opinion
We have audited the accompanying combined financial statements of PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP (the “Company”), which comprise the combined balance sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the related combined statements of operations, of changes in members’ equity and of cash flows for the years then ended, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “combined financial statements”).
In our opinion, the accompanying combined financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America (US GAAS). Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors’ Responsibilities for the Audit of the Combined Financial Statements section of our report. We are required to be independent of the Company and to meet our other ethical responsibilities, in accordance with the relevant ethical requirements relating to our audit. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.
Responsibilities of Management for the Combined Financial Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the combined financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and for the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of combined financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the combined financial statements, management is required to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for one year after the date the combined financial statements are available to be issued.
Auditors’ Responsibilities for the Audit of the Combined Financial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the combined financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditors’ report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not absolute assurance and therefore is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with US GAAS will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. Misstatements are considered material if there is a substantial likelihood that, individually or in the aggregate, they would influence the judgment made by a reasonable user based on the combined financial statements.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, 1000 Louisiana Street, Suite 5800, Houston, Texas 77002
T: (713) 356 4000, www.pwc.com/us
In performing an audit in accordance with US GAAS, we:
| • | Exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. |
| • | Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the combined financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, and design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the combined financial statements. |
| • | Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control. Accordingly, no such opinion is expressed. |
| • | Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluate the overall presentation of the combined financial statements. |
| • | Conclude whether, in our judgment, there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time. |
We are required to communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit, significant audit findings, and certain internal control-related matters that we identified during the audit.
Houston, Texas
April 14, 2023
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Combined Balance Sheets
December 31, 2022 and 2021
| (in thousands of dollars) | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||
| Assets |
||||||||
| Current assets |
||||||||
| Cash |
$ | 33,829 | $ | 6,349 | ||||
| Accounts receivable |
67,229 | 22,849 | ||||||
| Related party receivable |
4,406 | 961 | ||||||
| Prepaid expenses |
648 | 672 | ||||||
| Derivative contracts |
12,197 | 2,534 | ||||||
| Other current assets |
377 | 8,005 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current assets |
118,686 | 41,370 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Oil and natural gas properties, successful efforts method |
||||||||
| Proved properties |
906,473 | 503,417 | ||||||
| Unproved properties |
29,205 | 37,869 | ||||||
|
Wells-in-progress |
150,083 | 83,735 | ||||||
| Less: Accumulated depletion |
(204,840 | ) | (81,842 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Oil and natural gas properties, net |
880,921 | 543,179 | ||||||
| Other property and equipment, net |
1,321 | 385 | ||||||
| Derivative contracts |
7,246 | 2,861 | ||||||
| Other assets |
1,748 | 1,100 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total assets |
$ | 1,009,922 | $ | 588,895 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Liabilities and Members’ Equity |
||||||||
| Current Liabilities |
||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
$ | 46,865 | $ | 36,767 | ||||
| Related party payable |
5,371 | 7,425 | ||||||
| Accrued capital expenses |
61,619 | 36,876 | ||||||
| Oil and natural gas revenue payable |
36,015 | 12,903 | ||||||
| Income taxes payable |
67 | — | ||||||
| Derivative contracts |
15,012 | 13,843 | ||||||
| Asset retirement obligation—current portion |
3,342 | 2,804 | ||||||
| Other current liabilities |
147 | 60 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current liabilities |
168,438 | 110,678 | ||||||
| Long-term debt |
200,000 | 85,000 | ||||||
| Asset retirement obligation, net of current portion |
11,812 | 11,565 | ||||||
| Deferred income taxes |
2,688 | 743 | ||||||
| Derivative contracts |
7,013 | 4,768 | ||||||
| Other long-term liabilities |
340 | 218 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total liabilities |
390,291 | 212,972 | ||||||
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 12) |
||||||||
| Members’ equity |
619,631 | 375,923 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total liabilities and members’ equity |
$ | 1,009,922 | $ | 588,895 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these combined financial statements.
3
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Combined Statements of Operations
Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021
| (in thousands of dollars) | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||
| Revenues |
||||||||
| Oil and condensate |
$ | 417,566 | $ | 105,602 | ||||
| Natural gas |
9,158 | 3,084 | ||||||
| Natural gas liquids |
14,422 | 3,865 | ||||||
| Other |
27 | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total revenues |
441,173 | 112,551 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Operating expenses |
||||||||
| Lease operating expenses |
44,652 | 23,641 | ||||||
| Production taxes |
21,036 | 5,414 | ||||||
| Exploration expense |
185 | 2,066 | ||||||
| Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
123,162 | 34,773 | ||||||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligations |
671 | 663 | ||||||
| General and administrative |
3,753 | 1,912 | ||||||
| Loss on disposition of assets |
226 | 132 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total operating expenses |
193,685 | 68,601 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Operating income |
247,488 | 43,950 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Other income (expense) |
||||||||
| Interest expense, net |
(9,022 | ) | (2,013 | ) | ||||
| Loss on derivative contracts, net |
(35,886 | ) | (28,947 | ) | ||||
| Other income, net |
58 | 3 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total other expense, net |
(44,850 | ) | (30,957 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net income before income tax |
202,638 | 12,993 | ||||||
| Deferred income tax benefit (expense) |
(2,012 | ) | (762 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net income |
$ | 200,626 | $ | 12,231 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these combined financial statements.
4
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Combined Statements of Changes in Members’ Equity
Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021
| (in thousands of dollars) | Members’ Equity |
|||
| Balances at December 31, 2020 |
$ | 363,609 | ||
| Capital contributions received from Parent |
633 | |||
| Non-cash oil and gas property contributions from related party |
(550 | ) | ||
| Net income |
12,231 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Balances at December 31, 2021 |
375,923 | |||
| Capital contributions received from Parent |
18,189 | |||
| Non-cash settlement of related party payables |
25,213 | |||
| Repurchase of C-Units |
(320 | ) | ||
| Net income |
200,626 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Balances at December 31, 2022 |
$ | 619,631 | ||
|
|
|
|||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these combined financial statements.
5
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Combined Statements of Cash Flows
Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021
| (in thousands of dollars) | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities |
||||||||
| Net income |
$ | 200,626 | $ | 12,231 | ||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities |
||||||||
| Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
123,162 | 34,773 | ||||||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligations |
671 | 663 | ||||||
| Exploration expense |
63 | 1,934 | ||||||
| Loss (gain) on disposition of assets |
(116 | ) | 132 | |||||
| Loss on derivative contracts |
35,886 | 28,947 | ||||||
| Net cash settlements paid on derivative contracts |
(46,534 | ) | (18,339 | ) | ||||
| Change in assets and liabilities |
||||||||
| Accounts receivable |
(44,380 | ) | (11,357 | ) | ||||
| Related party receivable |
(3,446 | ) | 1,686 | |||||
| Prepaid expenses |
24 | (104 | ) | |||||
| Other assets |
5,027 | (7,632 | ) | |||||
| Accounts payable and oil and natural gas revenue payable |
28,286 | 9,411 | ||||||
| Related party payable |
23,159 | 5,130 | ||||||
| Accrued expenses |
2,637 | 4,076 | ||||||
| Income tax payable |
67 | — | ||||||
| Deferred income tax |
1,945 | 743 | ||||||
| Other liabilities |
8 | 97 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities |
327,085 | 62,391 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Cash flows from investing activities |
||||||||
| Acquisition of oil and natural gas properties |
(39,716 | ) | (10,355 | ) | ||||
| Proceeds related to exchanges |
— | 1,365 | ||||||
| Exploration and development expenditures |
(390,692 | ) | (108,095 | ) | ||||
| Additions to other property and equipment |
(877 | ) | (234 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash used in investing activities |
(431,285 | ) | (117,319 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Cash flows from financing activities |
||||||||
| Proceeds received from capital contributions |
18,189 | 633 | ||||||
| Proceeds from borrowings on credit facility |
115,000 | 55,000 | ||||||
| Repurchase of C-Units |
(320 | ) | — | |||||
| Payment of deferred financing costs |
(1,189 | ) | (1,196 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities |
131,680 | 54,437 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
27,480 | (491 | ) | |||||
| Cash and cash equivalents |
||||||||
| Beginning of year |
6,349 | 6,840 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| End of year |
$ | 33,829 | $ | 6,349 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: |
||||||||
| Interest paid, net of capitalized interest |
$ | 7,387 | $ | 1,434 | ||||
| Supplementatl disclosure of non-cash transactions: |
||||||||
| Change in accrued capital expenditures |
$ | 27,044 | $ | 61,518 | ||||
| Change in asset retirement obligation |
207 | 865 | ||||||
| Oil and gas property contributions to related party |
— | (550 | ) | |||||
| Setlement of related party payables |
25,213 | — | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these combined financial statements.
6
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
| 1. | Organization and Operations of the Company |
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties (the “Company”) is the combination of PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC (“PetroLegacy”) and certain interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP (“Peacemaker”) assigned to PetroLegacy related to mineral interests under PetroLegacy-operated leases.
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC, (the “Company”) was organized as a Delaware limited liability company (“LLC”) on August 31, 2016 for the purpose to acquire, own, maintain, renew, drill, develop and operate oil and natural gas interests and related assets. The Company began operations in April 2017 with its first asset acquisition.
On September 8, 2017, the Company was restructured and PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC, a Delaware LLC, and Peacemaker were formed. The membership interests in PetroLegacy were assigned to PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC, which is an entity under common control. PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC became the parent company to PetroLegacy and Peacemaker. PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC owns 99.9% of Peacemaker. The remaining 0.1% ownership is held by the general partner of Peacemaker, PetroLegacy II Royalty, LLC, which is wholly owned by Encap Energy Capital Fund X, L.P.
Current operations are concentrated in the Midland Basin of Texas. All references to “we”, “our”, “us”, “PetroLegacy” and the “Company” refer to the combination of PetroLegacy and Certain Interests of Peacemaker.
| 2. | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying combined financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and include the accounts of PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and certain interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP. The combined financial statement presentation is due to the common management and ownership of both companies by PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC and ultimately by its private equity investor. Material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in combination.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of combined financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from such estimates. Certain accounting policies involve judgments and uncertainties to such an extent that there is reasonable likelihood that materially different amounts could have been reported under different conditions, or if different assumptions had been used. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on a regular basis. We use historical experience and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances to form the basis for making judgments about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Our actual results may differ from these estimates and assumptions used in preparation of our combined financial statements.
7
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Accounting policies most affected by management’s estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, the estimation of proved oil and natural gas reserves, the use of these reserves in calculating depreciation, depletion, and amortization and impairment of oil and natural gas properties, estimates of future abandonment obligations used in recording asset retirement obligations, determining allowance for doubtful accounts, impairments of undeveloped properties and other assets, accrued liabilities, valuation of commodity derivatives, fair value measurements, and commitments and contingencies.
Cash
The Company places its cash with financial institutions that are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The Company maintains deposits in banks which from time-to-time exceed the amount of deposit insurance available. Management assessed the financial condition of the institutions and believes that any possible credit loss would be minimal.
Accounts Receivable
The Company records estimated oil and natural gas revenue receivable from third parties offset by revenue payable liability to arrive at its net revenue interest. The Company also reflects costs incurred on behalf of joint interest partners in accounts receivable. Management routinely reviews outstanding balances, assesses the financial strength of customers and joint interest partners and records a reserve for amounts not expected to be fully recovered. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021 the Company did not record any allowance for doubtful accounts.
Other Current Assets
From time to time, the Company purchases materials to create an inventory to be used in future drilling and completion activities. The Company purchases this inventory in an effort to reduce overall cost and increase efficiency in drilling and completions by purchasing at favorable rates and having inventory on hand, rather than waiting for market availability. This inventory is recorded at cost in Other Current Assets, which is included in the accompanying combined balance sheets.
Oil and Natural Gas Properties
The Company follows the successful efforts method of accounting for oil and natural gas properties. Under this method of accounting, all property acquisition costs, and development costs are capitalized when incurred and depleted on a units-of-production basis over the remaining life of proved reserves and proved developed reserves, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 the Company recorded depletion expense on oil and natural gas properties of $123.2 million and $34.8 million, respectively.
The costs of exploratory wells are initially capitalized pending a determination of whether proved reserves have been found. At the completion of drilling activities, the costs of exploratory wells remain capitalized if a determination is made that proved reserves have been found. If no proved reserves have been found, the costs of exploratory wells are charged to exploration expense. In some cases, a determination of proved reserves cannot be made at the completion of drilling, requiring additional testing and evaluation of the wells. Costs incurred for exploratory wells that find reserves that cannot yet be classified as proved are capitalized if (a) the well has found a sufficient quantity of reserves to justify its completion as a producing well and (b) sufficient progress in assessing the reserves and the economic and operating viability of the project has been made. The status of suspended well costs is monitored continuously and reviewed at each period end. Due to the capital-intensive nature and the geological characteristics of certain projects, it may take an extended period of time to evaluate the future potential of an exploration project and the economics associated with making a determination of its commercial viability. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company excluded $150.1 million and $83.7 million, respectively, of capitalized costs from depletion and impairment related to wells-in-progress, in the accompanying combined balance sheet.
8
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Geological and geophysical costs are expensed as incurred. Costs of seismic studies that are utilized in development drilling within an area of proved reserves are capitalized as development costs. Amounts of seismic costs capitalized are based on only those blocks of data used in determining development well locations. To the extent that a seismic project covers areas of both developmental and exploratory drilling, those seismic costs are proportionately allocated between development costs and exploration expense. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company incurred $121 thousand and $132 thousand of geological related expense, respectively, which is included in exploration expense in the accompanying combined statement of operations.
On the sale or retirement of a complete unit of a proved property, the cost and related accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization are eliminated from the property accounts, and the resulting gain or loss is recognized. On the sale or retirement of a partial unit of proved property, the costs, net of proceeds, are charged to accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization, unless doing so significantly affects the unit-of production amortization rate, in which case a gain or loss is recognized in the statement of operations. Proceeds from sales of partial interest in unproved leases are accounted for as recovery of costs without recognizing any gain or loss.
On exchanges of oil and natural gas assets with third parties, the Company reviews the transactions for certain key aspects that may have a significant impact on its accounting. Exchange transactions that only involve unproved properties are generally measured on recorded values rather than fair values. Thus, no gain or loss is recognized. Conversely, exchange transactions involving proved developed properties must be analyzed for possible business combinations and commercial substance. These aspects, along with others, dictate whether the Company records exchanges at recorded values or fair values and whether gains or losses should be recognized.
Impairment of Oil and Natural Gas Properties
Proved oil and natural gas properties are reviewed for impairment annually or when events and circumstances indicate a possible decline in the recoverability of the carrying amount of such property. The Company estimates the expected future cash flows of its oil and natural gas properties (generally analogous to a field) and compares these undiscounted cash flows to the carrying amount of the oil and natural gas properties to determine if the carrying amount is recoverable. If the carrying amount exceeds the estimated undiscounted future cash flows, the Company will write down the carrying amount of the oil and natural gas properties to fair value. The factors used to determine fair value include, but are not limited to, estimates of reserves, future commodity prices, future production estimates, estimated future capital expenditures, estimated future operating costs, and discount rates commensurate with the risk associated with realizing the projected cash flows. No impairment expense was recognized attributable to proved oil and natural gas properties for the year ended December 31, 2022 nor for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Unproved oil and natural gas properties consist of costs to acquire unevaluated leases and to acquire unproved reserves. The Company evaluates significant unproved oil and natural gas properties for impairment based on remaining lease term, drilling results, reservoir performance, seismic interpretation or future plans to develop acreage. When successful wells are drilled on undeveloped leaseholds, unproved property costs are reclassified to proved properties and depleted on a unit-of-production basis. Lease acquisition costs are capitalized until the lease expires or when the Company specifically identifies the lease will revert to the lessor, at which time the Company expenses the associated lease acquisition costs. The expensing of the lease acquisition costs is recorded as an exploration expense in the combined statements of operations. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded $64 thousand and $1.9 million of expired lease costs, respectively, which is included in exploration expense in the accompanying combined statement of operations.
9
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Other Property and Equipment
The Company’s pipelines, furniture, software, equipment, leasehold improvements and capital lease obligations are recorded at cost and are depreciated on the straight-line method based on expected lives of the individual assets. The Company uses estimated lives of 30 years for its facilities and pipelines, two to seven years for furniture, software and equipment, and the remaining lease term for its leasehold improvements and capital lease obligations.
Environmental Expenditures
The Company is subject to extensive federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations. These laws regulate the discharge of materials into the environment and may require the Company to remove or mitigate the environmental effects of the disposal or release of petroleum or chemical substances at various sites. Environmental expenditures are expensed or capitalized depending on their future economic benefit. Expenditures that relate to an existing condition caused by past operations and that have no future economic benefits are expensed.
Liabilities for expenditures of a noncapital nature are recorded when environmental assessment and/or remediation is probable, and the costs can be reasonably estimated. Such liabilities are generally not discounted unless the timing of cash payments for the liability is fixed or reliably determinable. The Company believes it is currently in compliance with all applicable federal, state and local regulations. Accordingly, no liability or loss associated with environmental remediation was recorded as of December 31, 2022 nor 2021.
Fair Value Measurements
The Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible. The Company determines fair value based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability in the principal or most advantageous market. When considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, the following fair value hierarchy distinguishes between observable and unobservable inputs, which are categorized in one of the following levels in accordance with Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820)”:
| Level 1 | Inputs: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities accessible to the reporting entity at the measurement date. |
| Level 2 | Inputs: Other than quoted prices included in Level 1 inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. |
| Level 3 | Inputs: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available, thereby allowing for situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at measurement date. |
Financial assets and liabilities are classified based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment that may affect the valuation of assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels.
10
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
The estimates of fair value for unit-based compensation are prepared using appropriate probability weighted scenarios.
Derivative Instruments
The Company records its commodity derivative instruments on the combined balance sheet as either an asset or liability measured at its fair value. Changes in the derivative’s fair value are recognized currently in earnings unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not designate any of its commodity derivatives as cash flow or fair value hedges, and accordingly, the unrealized changes in the fair value of outstanding financial instruments are recognized as gains or losses in the period of change included in gain/loss on derivative contracts on the combined statement of operations.
The Company uses derivative instruments to reduce the Company’s exposure to fluctuations in commodity prices related to its oil and natural gas production. Unrealized gains and losses, at fair value, are included on the combined balance sheet as current or noncurrent assets or liabilities based on the anticipated timing of cash settlements under the related contracts. Changes in the fair value of commodity derivative contracts are recorded in earnings as they occur and are included in gain/loss on derivative contracts on the combined statement of operations whether they are realized or unrealized. The Company follows the FASB ASC Topic 15, Derivatives (Topic 815) to account for its derivative financial instruments. The Company does not enter into derivative contracts for speculative trading purposes. It is the Company’s policy to enter into derivative contracts only with the counterparties that are creditworthy financial institutions deemed by management as competent and competitive.
Certain amounts may be presented on a net basis on the combined financial statements when such amounts are with the same counterparty and subject to a master netting arrangement. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, all amounts are presented on a gross basis.
See Note 5 “Derivative Instruments” for additional information regarding derivative activity and Note 6 “Fair Value Measurements” for disclosure about the fair value of commodity derivative instruments.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.
Substantially all of the Company’s production is sold to purchasers under short-term contracts (less than twelve months) at market-based prices. The sales prices for oil and natural gas are adjusted for transportation and other related deductions. These deductions are based on contractual or historical data and do not require significant judgment. Since there is a ready market for oil and natural gas, the Company sells the majority of its production soon after it is produced at various locations. As a result, the Company maintains a minimum amount of product inventory in storage.
The Company’s revenues are substantially comprised of sales of crude oil which were not affected by the adoption of ASC 606. The reclassification of certain processing and marketing costs associated between lease operating expense and revenue associated with natural gas and NGLs did not have a material impact on the combined financial statement.
11
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
As a nonpublic entity the Company has elected not to apply the quantitative disaggregation of revenue. The Company’s revenues are recognized at a point in time. The location of the Company’s customers and the types of contracts entered into may affect the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows.
Asset Retirement Obligations (“ARO”)
The Company’s asset retirement obligations consist of future abandonment costs of tangible assets, primarily the plugging and abandonment of our oil and natural gas wellbores. The fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation is recorded in the period in which it is incurred, and the corresponding cost is capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset. The capitalized cost is amortized using the units-of-production method and accretion expense is recognized over time as the discounted liability is accreted to its expected settlement value. Accretion expense is included in accretion of asset retirement obligations in the Company’s combined statement of operations.
Deferred Financing Costs
The Company capitalizes costs incurred in connection with obtaining financing. These costs are amortized over the term of the related financing using the straight-line method, which approximate the effective interest method. The amortization expense is recorded as a component of interest expense in the Company’s combined statements of operations. Deferred financing costs related to the Credit Facility and Restated Credit Facility are included in other assets on the Company’s combined balance sheets.
Income Taxes
The Company is a limited liability company. For federal income tax purposes, all income, losses, credits and deductions of the entities are passed through to their respective members’ individual tax returns. Accordingly, no provision for federal income taxes related to these entities is included in the accompanying combined financial statements.
The State of Texas enacted a margin-based franchise tax law which is commonly referred to as the Texas margin tax and is assessed at a 0.75% rate. The tax is considered an income tax and is determined by applying a tax rate to a base that considers both revenue and expenses. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded $2.7 million and $743 thousand of deferred income tax related to Texas margin tax, respectively. Additionally, as of December 21, 2022, the Company recorded $67 thousand of current income tax payable.
Management has evaluated the Company’s tax positions and concluded that there are no uncertain tax positions that require adjustment to the combined financial statements at December 31, 2022 nor at December 21, 2021. If applicable, tax-related interest and penalties would be recorded in income tax expense in the combined statement of operations. The Company incurred no tax-related interest and penalties during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Commitments and Contingencies
Liabilities for loss contingencies, including environmental remediation costs not within the scope of the FASB ASC Subtopic 410-20, Asset Retirement Obligations and Environmental Obligations –Asset Retirement Obligations, arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines, and penalties and other sources, are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment and or remediation can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred.
12
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Leases
Leases for the right to use an asset are classified as either an operating or finance lease. Upon commencement of the lease, a right-of-use (ROU) asset and corresponding lease liability are recognized on the Balance Sheet for all operating and finance leases. Finance ROU assets are reflected in total property and equipment, net, while finance lease liabilities are included in other current and long-term liabilities on the balance sheet. Operating ROU assets are reflected in current and long-term assets, while operating lease liabilities are included in other current and long-term liabilities on the balance sheet. Typical lease assets of the Company relate to office space and field vehicles.
The Company has elected the short-term lease exemption which does not require a ROU asset or liability to be recognized in the Balance Sheet when the lease term is 12 months or less and does not include an option to purchase the underlying asset that the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise. Expense related to short-term leases will be expensed as incurred. We have short-term lease agreements related to most of our generator and field equipment rental arrangements.
The Company makes certain significant assumptions and judgments in determining its ROU asset and lease liability balances. The determination of whether a contract contains a lease considers if an identified asset that is physically distinct and for which the supplier does not have substantive substitution rights and along with whether the Company has the right to control constitutes a lease.
Lease terms are then reviewed and considered whether it is reasonably certain to extend leases or exercise purchase options. For options to renew that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise, costs are recognized as part of the ROU assets and lease liabilities. The Company makes significant judgments in the determination of discount rates. As the implicit rate of the lease is not always readily determinable, the Company uses the risk-free rate to calculate the present value of lease payments based on information available at the commencement date. The Company’s lease agreement do not contain any material residual value guarantees or restrictive covenants. See Note 10 for further information regarding leases.
Related Parties
The Company conducts a significant number of transactions with Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC (“Pearlsnap”) and Peacemaker Royalties, LP (“Peacemaker”), both subsidiaries of PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC. Pearlsnap gathers produced water for the majority of the Company’s operated assets. Additionally, Pearlsnap provides both fresh and recycled water for the Company’s completion activities. Rates associated with these activities are considered to be at market rates. Peacemaker owns both overriding and royalty interests in most of the Company’s wells.
The employees of the Company also provide support services for both Pearlsnap and Peacemaker. The cost of these support services are allocated to Pearlsnap and Peacemaker under the terms of a master service agreement. Related to the master service agreement, for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company charged Pearlsnap $1.6 million and $1.0 million, respectively. Additionally, related to the master service agreement, for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company charged Peacemaker $0.6 million and $0.5 million, respectively.
For the years ended 2022 and 2021, water gathering costs incurred with Pearlsnap totaled $7.7 million and $2.3 million, respectively. In 2022, $5.9 million of these costs are presented on the combined statements of operations in lease operating expenses and $1.8 million are capitalized as part of the completion activities and presented in the proved properties line on the combined balance sheets. For the same periods, fresh and recycled water purchased from Pearlsnap totaled $8.7 million and $5.6 million, respectively. These costs are capitalized as part of the completion activities and are presented in the proved properties line on the combined balance sheets.
13
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
For the years ended 2022 and 2021, PetroLegacy and the Combined Interests of Peacemaker owed Peacemaker $5.4 million and $402 thousand in mineral interest royalties, respectively.
The following table shows the related party receivable and payable by party as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:
| (in thousands of dollars) | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||
| Related party receivable |
||||||||
| Owed by Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC |
$ | 2,909 | $ | 333 | ||||
| Owed by Peacemaker Royalty, LP |
1,077 | 409 | ||||||
| Owed by Petrolegacy II Holdings, LLC |
420 | 219 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total related party receivable |
$ | 4,406 | $ | 961 | ||||
| Related party payable |
||||||||
| Owed to Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC |
$ | 1 | $ | 7,023 | ||||
| Owed to Peacemaker Royalty, LP |
5,370 | 402 | ||||||
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|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total related party payable |
$ | 5,371 | $ | 7,425 | ||||
Further, the Company contracts with a variety of companies to provide both land broker services and field operating activities. Two of the companies engaged to perform work on behalf of the Company are owned and operated by immediate family members of employees of the Company. The Company paid approximately $527 thousand to these companies during the year ended December 31, 2022 and $566 thousand during the year ended December 31, 2021. There was no liability included in accounts payable attributable to related parties as of December 31, 2022 nor as of December 31, 2021.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
Adopted in Current Period
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASC 842”), which requires lessees to recognize a right-of-use (ROU) asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases, including operating leases, with terms of more than 12 months.
The Company adopted the new standard on January 1, 2022 and, as permitted by ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements, the Company did not adjust comparative-period combined financial statements and continued to apply the guidance in Topic 840, including its disclosure requirements, in the comparative periods presented prior to adoption. No cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings was required as a result of the modified retrospective approach.
Upon adoption of ASC 842, the Company made certain elections permitting us to not reassess: (1) whether any expired or existing contracts contained leases, (2) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (3) initial direct costs for any existing leases. Upon adoption of ASC 842, we also made an election permitting us to continue applying our current policy for land easements. The adoption of ASC 842 did not result in a material impact on our balance sheet, results of operations, or cash flows.
14
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
To be Adopted in a Future Period
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” This ASU, along with subsequent related updates and amendments, replaces the current incurred loss model for measurement of credit losses on financial assets including trade receivables with a forward-looking expected loss model based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The ASU is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those years. During their October 2019 board meeting the FASB delayed the effective date for private entities with fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. We are evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on our combined financial statements.
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740) Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes.” This update is intended to simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions and by clarifying and amending existing guidance. This update is effective for private entities with fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. We are evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on our combined financial statements.
The Company considers the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs not listed above were assessed and determined to be either not applicable or clarifications of ASUs previously disclosed.
Risks Related to the Oil and Natural Gas Industry and Our Business
As an oil and natural gas producer, the Company’s revenue, profitability, and future growth are substantially dependent upon the prevailing and future prices for oil and natural gas, which are dependent upon numerous factors beyond its control such as economic, political, and regulatory developments and competition from other energy sources. The energy markets have historically been very volatile and there can be no assurance that oil and natural gas prices will not be subject to wide fluctuations in the future. A substantial or extended decline in oil and natural gas prices could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, cash flows, and quantities of oil and natural gas reserves that may be economically produced.
Additionally, the following could have a negative impact on our financials and operations results: competition for materials and people, legal, regulatory, and environmental matters, COVID-19 or other pandemics, continued inflationary pressures, credit risk of counterparties, debt which may limit liquidity, cyber-attacks, and risks not covered by insurance.
Other risks and uncertainties that could affect the Company in the current price environment include, but are not limited to, counterparty credit risk for our receivables, access to credit markets, and ability to meet financial ratios and covenants in our financing agreements.
Risks Related to Customer Concentration
The Company had two customers that accounted for approximately 86 percent of the Company’s revenues in 2022 compared to two customers that accounted for approximately 92 percent of the Company’s revenues in 2021. Management believes the loss of these customers would not have a material and adverse financial impact to the Company due to other market opportunities available for the sale of our products.
15
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
| 3. | Asset Acquisitions, Divestitures, and Exchanges |
Acquisitions
In 2022, the Company entered into multiple asset acquisitions totaling $32.8 million and other leasehold and property acquisitions totaling $6.9 million in cash paid for approximately 2,800 net acres combined in Martin County and Dawson County, Texas.
In 2021, the Company entered into three asset acquisitions in Martin County, Texas totaling $3.6 million in cash paid for approximately 360 net acres and one producing well. In addition, over multiple transactions, the Company completed $6.8 million of other leasehold and property acquisitions during 2021.
Divestitures
The Company did not enter into any material asset divestiture transactions during 2022 and 2021.
Exchanges
If it is deemed value-adding, the Company will enter into exchange agreements with third parties to exchange unproved and proved oil and natural gas properties as part of its strategy to consistently pursue financially viable deals to further block-up its acreage and thereby enhance its horizontal well drilling inventory. All these exchanges blocked up the Company’s acreage position and thereby enhanced its horizontal well inventory in the Midland Basin.
In 2022, the Company entered into three asset exchanges with two parties. There was no cash consideration or related gain or loss recorded related to these asset exchanges. During the course of these exchanges, the Company acquired two producing wells and divested one producing well.
In November 2021, the Company entered into a trade agreement with Birch EOC, LLC. This trade was concurrent with a Joint Development Agreement on a future drilling unit. The Company disposed of approximately 446 net acres in exchange for the acquisition of approximately 215 net acres and $1.39 million in cash consideration. There was no impact to the statement of operations.
| 4. | Other Property and Equipment |
Other property and equipment consisted of the following at December 31, 2022 and 2021:
| (in thousands of dollars) | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||
| Office furniture and equipment |
$ | 233 | $ | 233 | ||||
| Leasehold improvements |
110 | 110 | ||||||
| Land |
843 | — | ||||||
| Vehicles under capital leases |
789 | 533 | ||||||
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| 1,975 | 876 | |||||||
| Less: Accumulated depreciation |
(654 | ) | (491 | ) | ||||
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| Total other property and equipment, net |
$ | 1,321 | $ | 385 | ||||
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16
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Depreciation expense on other property and equipment was $164 thousand and $140 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which is included in depreciation, depletion and amortization in the accompanying combined statement of operations.
| 5. | Derivative Instruments |
In 2022 and 20211, the Company entered into several commodity derivative contracts to reduce its exposure to commodity price volatility by hedging a portion of its production. The Company utilizes swap contracts and two-way collar options.
All derivative instruments are recorded as derivative contracts, on the Company’s combined balance sheet as either assets or liabilities measured at their fair value (see Note 6 — “Fair Value Measurements”). The Company has not designated any derivative instruments as hedges for accounting purposes and does not enter into such instruments for speculative trading purposes.
At December 31, 2022, the Company had the following outstanding commodity derivative instruments (fair value by derivative instrument below are net):
| Settlement Period |
Derivative Instrument |
Weighted Average Prices | Fair Value (Liabilities) |
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| Commodity | Volumes | Swap | Floor | Ceiling | Asset | Liability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2023 | Basis Swap (Mid/Cush) | 1,475,500 | bbls | $ | 0.71 | $ | (163,645 | ) | $ | 180,895 | $ | (344,540 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2023 | Basis Swap (CMA Roll) | 478,702 | bbls | $ | 0.31 | (273,563 | ) | 7,086 | (280,649 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2023 | Two-way collar | 2,054,732 | bbls | 45.00 | 107.23 | (3,412,402 | ) | 10,078,511 | (13,490,914 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2023 | Roll Swap | 780,500 | bbls | $ | 0.39 | (106,856 | ) | 93,647 | (200,503 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
2023 | Swap | 35,000 | mmbtu | $ | 4.88 | 25,890 | 25,890 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
2023 | Basis Swap | 1,186,912 | mmbtu | $ | (1.51 | ) | 859,560 | 1,084,721 | (225,161 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
2023 | Two-way collar | 1,086,693 | mmbtu | $ | 2.40 | $ | 24.02 | 256,087 | 726,329 | (470,242 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2024 | |
Basis Swap (Mid/ Cush) |
687,000 | bbls | $ | 0.51 | (375,910 | ) | — | (375,910 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2024 | Two-way collar | 764,000 | bbls | $ | 60.00 | $ | 103.50 | 484,204 | 6,789,010 | (6,304,806 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2024 | Roll Swap | 253,000 | bbls | $ | 0.17 | (92,516 | ) | — | (92,516 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
2024 | Swap | 60,000 | mmbtu | $ | 4.37 | 24,863 | 24,863 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
2024 | Basis Swap | 585,000 | mmbtu | (1.18 | ) | 72,446 | 186,199 | (113,753 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
2024 | Two-way collar | 470,000 | mmbtu | 3 | 12.61 | 119,534 | 245,953 | (126,419 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | (2,582,309 | ) | $ | 19,443,102 | $ | (22,025,411 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
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|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
At December 31, 2021, the Company had the following outstanding commodity derivative instruments (fair value by derivative instrument below are net):
| Settlement Period |
Derivative Instrument |
Weighted Average Prices | Fair Value (Liabilities) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commodity | Volumes | Swap | Floor | Ceiling | Asset | Liability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2022 | Swap | 54,501 | bbls | $ | 65.72 | $ | (447,162 | ) | — | (447,162 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2022 | Basis Swap (Mid/Cush) | 246,349 | bbls | $ | 0.40 | (44,586 | ) | — | (44,586 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2022 | Basis Swap (CMA Roll) | 755,199 | bbls | $ | 0.39 | (193,228 | ) | — | (193,228 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2022 | Two-way collar | 1,071,661 | bbls | $ | 37.50 | $ | 79.70 | (10,364,796 | ) | 2,269,114 | (12,633,910 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2022 | Roll Swap | 246,349 | bbls | $ | (.20) | (220,617 | ) | — | (220,617 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
2022 | Basis Swap | 662,386 | mmbtu | $ | (.39) | 21,917 | 99,770 | (77,853 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
2022 | Two-way collar | 626,573 | mmbtu | $ | 2.40 | $ | 7.25 | (60,367 | ) | 165,502 | (225,869 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2023 | Basis Swap (CMA Roll) | 478,702 | bbls | $ | 0.31 | (112,574 | ) | — | (112,574 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2023 | Two-way collar | 451,232 | bbls | $ | 45.00 | $ | 72.09 | (1,799,656 | ) | 2,749,978 | (4,549,634 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
2023 | Basis Swap | 296,912 | mmbtu | $ | (.61) | 6,876 | 27,154 | (20,278 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
2023 | Two-way collar | 267,943 | mmbtu | $ | 2.40 | $ | 5.69 | (1,283 | ) | 83,819 | (85,102 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | (13,215,476 | ) | $ | 5,395,337 | $ | (18,610,813 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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17
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
The Company recognized net losses of $35.9 million and $28.9 million related to derivative instruments for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
The following table summarizes the effects of derivative instruments on the statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
| (in thousands of dollars) | ||||||||||||
| Statement of Operations Presentation |
Year Ended December 31, 2022 |
Year Ended December 31, 2021 |
||||||||||
| Commodity Derivatives |
Loss on derivative contracts, net | $ | (35,886 | ) | $ | (28,947 | ) | |||||
| 6. | Fair Value Measurements |
Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The Company classifies its commodity derivatives based upon the data used to determine fair value. The Company’s derivative instruments are in the form of swap contacts, costless collar options and three-way costless collar options based on WTI/NYMEX and Henry Hub/NYMEX pricing for oil and natural gas, respectively. The Company swaps commodity derivatives floating NYMEX rates for fixed rates. The fair value of these derivatives is derived using an independent third-party’s valuation model that utilizes market-corroborated inputs that are observable over the term of the derivative contract. The Company’s fair value calculations also incorporate an estimate of the counterparties’ default risk for derivative assets and an estimate of the Company’s default risk for derivative liabilities. As a result, the Company designates its commodity derivatives as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.
The Company’s derivative instruments expose it to counterparty credit risk, which arises due to the risk of loss from counterparties not performing under the terms of the derivative contract. To minimize such risk, the Company only enters into derivative contracts with counterparties that we determine are creditworthy, which includes performing both quantitative and qualitative assessment of these counterparties, based on their credit rating and credit default swap rates where applicable. Additionally, our derivatives contracts are with multiple counterparties, reducing our exposure to any individual counterparty. Any non-performance risk is considered in the valuations of our derivative instruments, but to date it has not had a material impact on the values of our derivatives.
The following table summarizes the Company’s financial instruments that were subject to fair value measurement as of December 31, 2022:
| (in thousands of dollars) | Fair Value Measurements Using | |||||||||||
| Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
||||||||||
| Instrument |
||||||||||||
| Commodity derivatives - assets |
$ | — | $ | 19,443 | $ | — | ||||||
| Commodity derivatives - liabilities |
$ | — | $ | (22,025 | ) | $ | — | |||||
18
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
The following table summarizes the Company’s financial instruments that were subject to fair value measurement as of December 31, 2021:
| (in thousands of dollars) | Fair Value Measurements Using | |||||||||||
| Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) |
Significant Other (Level 2) |
Significant (Level 3) |
||||||||||
| Instrument |
||||||||||||
| Commodity derivatives - assets |
$ | — | $ | 5,395 | $ | — | ||||||
| Commodity derivatives - liabilities |
$ | — | $ | (18,611 | ) | $ | — | |||||
Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
Nonrecurring fair value measurements include the initial recording of certain nonfinancial assets and liabilities as may be acquired in a purchase of oil and natural gas properties and thereby measured at fair value, measurements of oil and natural gas property impairments and the initial recording of asset retirement obligations.
The estimates of fair value for initial recording of acquisitions of oil and natural gas properties, oil and natural gas impairment, and asset retirement obligations are prepared using various cash flow analysis and other assessments. As there is no corroborating market activity to support the assumptions used, the Company has designated these measurements as Level 3.
The carrying amount of cash, trade account receivables, accounts payable, accrued expenses, oil and natural gas revenue payable, and other current liabilities approximate fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments.
In addition, the fair value of our Revolving Bank Loan (“RBL”) approximates its carrying value based on borrowing rates available to the Company for bank loans with similar terms and maturities and is categorized as Level 2 in the valuation hierarchy.
19
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
| 7. | Asset Retirement Obligation |
We record the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation (“ARO”) in the period in which it is incurred, along with a corresponding increase in the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset. A summary of the Company’s ARO for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 is as follows:
| (in thousands of dollars) | ||||
| Ending balance at December 31, 2020 |
$ | 12,860 | ||
| Liabilities incurred |
131 | |||
| Change in estimate |
863 | |||
| Accretion expense |
663 | |||
| Liabilities settled due to trade of properties |
(147 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Ending balance at December 31, 2021 |
14,370 | |||
| Liabilities incurred |
207 | |||
| Accretion expense |
671 | |||
| Liabilities settled due to abandonment of properties |
(94 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Ending balance at December 31, 2022 |
$ | 15,154 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| 8. | Exploration Costs |
The following table summarizes exploration costs incurred by the Company for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
| (in thousands of dollars) | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||
| Geological, geophysical and other |
$ | 121 | $ | 132 | ||||
| Expired lease costs |
64 | 1,934 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total exploration costs |
$ | 185 | $ | 2,066 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| 9. | Long-Term Debt |
October 2017 Secured Revolving Credit Agreement
In October 2017, PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC entered into a Secured Revolving Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with an overall senior secured line of credit of $150 million maturing October 10, 2022 with BOKF, NA dba Bank of Texas, as Agent and Lead Arranger. Under the Credit Agreement, the RBL (“Revolving Bank Loan”) is restricted to a borrowing base, which is reserve-based and subject to semiannual re-determinations on or about the first day of May and November each year. Any reduction in the borrowing base will reduce our liquidity, and, if the reduction results in the outstanding amount under our RBL exceeding the borrowing base, we will be required to repay the deficiency within a short period of time. The Credit Agreement was amended five times from August 2018 to July 2021 to, among other things (a) establish certain financial ratio covenants, (b) increase the borrowing base, (d) update the utilization margin.
20
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
In August 2018, the Company entered into the First Amendment to the Credit Agreement to, among other things (a) establish certain financial ratio covenants, which are more fully described below, (b) increase the borrowing base from zero to $25.0 million until the next redetermination thereof, and (c) decrease the margin applicable to borrowings under the Credit Agreement by 0.25% at each utilization level of the borrowing base. At the time of the amendment, the Company’s oil and natural gas properties were pledged as collateral.
In December 2019, the Company entered into the Master Assignment and Second Amendment to the Credit Agreement to, among other things (a) assign a percentage of the credit facility from Bank of Texas to Zions Bancorporation, N.A. dba Amegy Bank, (b) increase the borrowing base to $65.0 million until the next redetermination thereof, and (c) requires a redetermination on March 1, 2020.
In July 2020, the Company entered into the Third Amendment to the Credit Agreement to, among other things (a) decrease the borrowing base to $35.0 million until the next redetermination thereof, (b) require repayments of borrowings when the defined consolidated cash balance exceeds $4.0 million until the earlier of (i) such time as the outstanding principal amount of the loans is less than or equal to $30.0 million and (ii) the next scheduled redetermination, (c) further decrease the borrowing base dollar for dollar by the amount of the required repayments until the borrowing base equals $30.0 million, and (d) require an additional quarterly reporting requirement of an accounts payable aging schedule.
In December 2020, the Company entered into the Fourth Amendment to the Credit Agreement to, among other things (a) increase the borrowing base to $65.0 million until the next redetermination thereof and (b) establish a rate floor of 0.50% per annum, which will be deemed to be the rate in any circumstance in which the LIBOR or Base Rate is less than the rate floor.
In July 2021, The Company entered into the Fifth Amendment to the Credit Agreement to, among other things (a) increase the borrowing base to $80.0 million until the next redetermination thereof and (b) update the leverage ratio financial covenant.
The terms of the Credit Agreement required the Company to make periodic payments of interest on the loans outstanding thereunder, with all outstanding principal and interest under the Credit Agreement due on the maturity date. Interest on the loans outstanding was calculated at the Company’s option, at either (a) the London Interbank Offered rate (“LIBOR”) for the applicable interest period plus a margin of 2.00% to 3.00% or (b) the greatest of the (i) Prime Rate, (ii) the overnight cost of federal funds as announced by the US Federal Reserve System plus 0.50%, and (iii) LIBOR for a one-month period plus a margin of 1.00% to 3.00%. These rates were subject to the rate floor proscribed in the Fourth Amendment to the Credit Agreement. Additional payments due under the Credit Agreement included paying a commitment fee ranging from 0.375% to 0.500% dependent upon the borrowing base utilization.
The Credit Agreement further required the Company to be subject to certain covenants, including the requirement to maintain the following financial ratios:
| • | for all fiscal quarters ending after June 30, 2019, the period of four fiscal quarters ending of such date, a total leverage ratio, consisting of aggregate funded debt of borrower to EBITDAX of not greater than 4.0 to 1.0 as of the last day of any fiscal quarter; |
21
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
| • | commencing with the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2018, a ratio of (i) consolidated current assets (including the unused aggregate commitments) to (ii) consolidated current liabilities (excluding current maturities of the Notes) to be not less than 1.0 to 1.0. |
If any event of default existed under the RBL, the lenders were able to accelerate the obligations outstanding under the RBL and exercise other rights and remedies. The Credit Agreement contained customary events of default, including the occurrence of a change of control, as defined in the Credit Agreement.
November 2021 Amended and Restated Credit Agreement
In November 2021, the Company entered into the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“Restated Credit Agreement”) with an overall senior secured line of credit of $500 million maturing November 10, 2024 with BOKF, NA dba Bank of Texas, as Agent and Lead Arranger. Similar to the Credit Agreement, the Restated Credit Agreement is reserve-based and subject to semiannual redetermination on or about the first day of May and November each year. The Restated Credit Agreement borrowing base was determined to be $110.0 million.
The terms of the Restated Credit Agreement require the Company to make periodic payments of interest on the loans outstanding thereunder, with all outstanding principal and interest under the RBL due on the maturity date. Interest on the RBL is calculated at the Company’s option, at either (a) the London Interbank Offered rate (“LIBOR”) for the applicable interest period plus a margin of 3.00% to 4.00% or (b) the greatest of the (i) Prime Rate, (ii) the overnight cost of federal funds as announced by the US Federal Reserve System plus 0.50%, and (iii) LIBOR for a one-month period plus a margin of 1.00%. Additional payments due under the Restated Credit Agreement include paying a commitment fee of 0.500%.
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC, as borrower, is subject to certain covenants under the Restated Credit Agreement, including the requirement to maintain the following financial ratios:
| • | as of the last day of any fiscal quarter starting with the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2021 and for each fiscal quarter thereafter, the leverage ratio not to be greater than 3.0 to 1.0; |
| • | commencing with the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2021, a ratio of (i) consolidated current assets (including the unused aggregate commitments) to (ii) consolidated current liabilities (excluding current maturities of the Notes) to be not less than 0.5 to 1.0 and starting with the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2022 and for each fiscal quarter thereafter, to not be less than 1.0 to 1.0. |
In February 2022, the First Amendment to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement was executed. Among other things, new banking entities became a part of the credit agreement and the RBL borrowing base was increased to $170 million.
In May 2022, the Second Amendment to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement was executed. Among other things, the RBL borrowing base was increased to $190 million.
In September 2022, the Third Amendment to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement was executed. Among other things, a new banking entity became a part of the credit agreement and the RBL borrowing based was increased to $235 million.
22
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
In December 2022, the RBL borrowing based was increased to $250 million.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the average interest rate under the RBL was 5.44% and 2.93%, respectively on an average outstanding balance of $149.6 million and $51.7 million. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, total interest and commitment fees under the RBL were $8.4 million and $1.6 million, respectively.
At the date of the Restated Credit Agreement, the unamortized deferred financing costs related to the Credit Agreement redetermination were expensed, resulting in $167 thousand of interest expense recognized in 2021, which is included in the accompanying combined statement of operations.
The Company was in compliance with all terms and covenants of our Restated Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2022 and as of December 31, 2021. If an event of default exists under the RBL, the lenders will be able to accelerate the obligations outstanding under the RBL and exercise other rights and remedies. Our Restated Credit Agreement contains customary events of default, including the occurrence of a change of control, as defined in the Restated Credit Agreement.
| 10. | Leases |
The Company’s operating leases relate to the Company’s office space. The Company leases field vehicles that are accounted for as finance leases.
The following tables summarize the Company’s operating and finance lease costs and include ROU assets and lease liabilities, amounts recognized in net earnings during the year and other lease information.
| (in thousands of dollars) | Year Ended Decemer 31, 2022 |
|||
| Operating Lease Costs |
$ | 10 | ||
| Amortization of ROU assets |
146 | |||
| Interest on lease liabilities |
21 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total Finance Lease Costs |
167 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total lease cost |
$ | 177 | ||
|
|
|
|||
23
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
| (in thousands of dollars) | As of Decemer 31, 2022 |
|||
| Balance Sheet: |
||||
| Operating Lease ROU Asset, in Other Assets |
$ | 153 | ||
| Finance Lease ROU Assets, in Other Property Plant and Equipment |
384 | |||
| Operating Lease Liabiltiies |
||||
| Current |
— | |||
| Long-term |
153 | |||
| Finance Lease Liabiltiies |
||||
| Current, in accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
147 | |||
| Long-term, in other liabilties and provisions |
187 | |||
| Weighted Average Discount Rate |
||||
| Operating leases |
2.83 | |||
| Finance leases |
2.28 | |||
| Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term |
||||
| Operating leases |
8 | % | ||
| Finance leases |
8 | % | ||
The following table presents the Company’s maturity analysis as of December 31, 2022 for leases expiring in each of the next five years and thereafter.
| (in thousands of dollars) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | Thereafter | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Leases |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Expected Future Lease Payments | 60 | 60 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 170 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: Discounting | 17 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Present Value of Future Operating Lease Payments | 153 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Finance Leases | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Expected Future Lease Payments | 174 | 139 | 55 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 368 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: Discounting | 34 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Present Value of Future Operating Lease Payments | 334 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
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| 11. | Members’ Equity |
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC was founded on August 31, 2016 upon the execution of an LLC agreement (“LLC Agreement”) between Encap Investments L.P. (“Encap”) and the three initial founders of the Company (collectively, “the Members”).
The LLC agreement obligated the Members to commit $150.0 million of capital contributions to the Company. The LLC Agreement authorized three classes of Membership Interests, Class A, Class B, and Class C Units. The number of units authorized was 1,496,750, 3,250, and 100,000, respectively. Class A and B Units are voting securities. Class C units granted to members of management and employees of the Company in order to share in the profits of and distributions of the Company after certain performance thresholds are achieved and, if and when, distributions are
24
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
declared by the board. Under the limited liability ownership structure, Class C members are not liable for the expenses, liabilities, or obligations of the Company and do not entitle the holders to have any voting rights with respect to any Company matter. The grants are accounted for as stock-based compensation under ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation and measured at fair value on the grant date, using an income-based fair valuation method and weighted average of expected fund-life. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, stock compensation costs related to non-vested Class C units issued were deemed to be insignificant based on the fair value estimated by the Company.
Upon the creation of PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC, in September 2017, all Member Units previously held in PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and the LLC Agreement were assigned to PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC.
Between 2016 and year-end 2022, the Members had increased their commitment to PetroLegacy II Holdings to $500.3 million. Periodically, the Members contribute capital to PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC, which subsequently funds its subsidiaries, including PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC, for capital expenditures, acquisitions, and other corporate matters. The total capital contributed by the Members as of December 31, 2022 to PetroLegacy II Holdings was $444.0 million leaving its subsidiaries, including PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC, additional capital for development activities. As of December 31, 2022, PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC has contributed $389.5 million to PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and certain interests of Peacemaker.
During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company repurchased 1,500 C-Unit shares for a payment of $320 thousand to the estate of a Class C member. This repurchase adjusted Additional Paid in Capital, which rolls to Members’ Equity on the Balance Sheet.
In January 2022, Class A equity members and Class B equity members agreed to call capital in the amounts of $15.0 million and $24 thousand, respectively. In March 2022, Class A equity members and Class B equity members agreed to call capital in the amounts of $13.0 million and $21 thousand, respectively. Related to these capital calls, the capital contributed to PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and certain interests of Peacemaker totaled $18.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2022.
In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2022, equity transfers occurred between PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and related-entity Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC to settle certain related party liabilities. The effect was to increase the equity invested in PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC by $21.6 million. Similarly, during 2022, equity transfers occurred between PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and related-entity Peacemaker Royalty, LP to settle certain related party liabilities. The effect was to increase the equity invested in PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC by $3.6 million.
| 12. | Commitments and Contingencies |
Litigation
From time to time, the Company may be involved in legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company believes that the final disposition of such current matters will not have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.
25
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests of Peacemaker Royalties, LP
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Element
On September 12, 2018, Element Petroleum Properties, LLC (“Element”) filed a lawsuit against the Company seeking a declaratory judgment that it is the lessee under leases covering minerals that have previously been leased to the Company, and seeking consistent relief under other counts, including trespass to try title and an equitable quiet title claim, as well as various other monetary claims for unspecified damages. The Company denied Element’s allegations in their entirety and pleaded a counterclaim against Element under the Texas trespass to try to title statue to remove the cloud on its title that Element’s claim creates.
On December 2, 2019, a hearing was held on the parties’ competing motions for summary judgment. The trial court denied the Company’s motion to abate and motion for summary judgment and granted Element’s motion for partial summary judgment on its title claims.
On February 14, 2020, the trial court amended its abatement and summary judgment orders and granted permission for the Company and its lessor to immediately appeal the orders. The Company and its lessor filed their Petition for Permission to Appeal in the Court of Appeals for the Eleventh District of Texas on February 28, 2020. The Court of Appeals did not accept the petition and the matter returned to the trial court for final judgment.
On May 4 2021, the trial count entered its final judgment and the Company filed a notice of appeal. The Court of Appeals heard oral arguments on March 10, 2022 and anticipates that the appeals court will enter their judgment in 2023.
The Company continues to vigorously defend itself in this litigation. Precedent in the Court of Appeals for the Eleventh District of Texas gives the Company confidence that a loss contingency is neither probable nor estimable. As such, there is no associated liability recorded as of December 31, 2022 nor 2021 related to this matter.
Environmental Matters
The Company’s operations and properties are subject to federal, state, and local regulatory requirements relating to environmental protection. It is the Company’s policy to fully comply with all applicable requirements. Based on current information, the Company believes that its operations are in compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations, and management is not aware of any violations that could have a material adverse effect on the financial statements.
| 13. | Subsequent Events |
The Company performed a review of events subsequent to December 31, 2022 through April 14, 2023, the date the combined financial statements were available to be issued.
Long-Term Debt
As of the date of the issuance of these financial statements, total borrowings under the RBL were $224 million.
Divestiture
In April 2023, PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC entered into a definitive purchase agreement to divest all leasehold interest and related assets to Ovintiv Inc. (“Ovintiv”). The effective date of the divestiture is January 1, 2023. The transaction, which is expected to close by the end of the second quarter, is subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions and customary closing adjustments.
26
Exhibit 99.2
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Index
December 31, 2022 and 2021
| Page(s) | ||||
| Report of Independent Auditors |
1-2 | |||
| Financial Statements |
||||
| Balance Sheets |
3 | |||
| Statements of Operations |
4 | |||
| Statements of Changes in Members’ Equity |
5 | |||
| Statements of Cash Flows |
6 | |||
| Notes to Financial Statements |
7–13 | |||
Report of Independent Auditors
To the Management of Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Opinion
We have audited the accompanying financial statements of Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC (the “Company”), which comprise the balance sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the related statements of operations, of members’ equity and of cash flows for the years then ended, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”).
In our opinion, the accompanying financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America (US GAAS). Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors’ Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. We are required to be independent of the Company and to meet our other ethical responsibilities, in accordance with the relevant ethical requirements relating to our audit. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.
Emphasis of Matter
As discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements, the Company has entered into significant transactions with PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC, an entity under common control with the Company, a related party. Our opinion is not modified with respect to this matter.
Responsibilities of Management for the Financial Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and for the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, management is required to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for one year after the date the financial statements are available to be issued.
Auditors’ Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditors’ report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not absolute assurance and therefore is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with US GAAS will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. Misstatements are considered material if there is a substantial likelihood that, individually or in the aggregate, they would influence the judgment made by a reasonable user based on the financial statements.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, 1000 Louisiana Street, Suite 5800, Houston, Texas 77002
T: (713) 356 4000, www.pwc.com/us
In performing an audit in accordance with US GAAS, we:
| • | Exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. |
| • | Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, and design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. |
| • | Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control. Accordingly, no such opinion is expressed. |
| • | Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluate the overall presentation of the financial statements. |
| • | Conclude whether, in our judgment, there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time. |
We are required to communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit, significant audit findings, and certain internal control-related matters that we identified during the audit.
| Houston, Texas |
| April 3, 2023 |
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Balance Sheets
December 31, 2022 and 2021
| (in thousands of dollars) | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||
| Assets |
||||||||
| Current assets |
||||||||
| Cash |
$ | 342 | $ | 72 | ||||
| Accounts receivable |
1,430 | 199 | ||||||
| Related party receivable |
45 | 7,055 | ||||||
| Prepaids |
30 | 30 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current assets |
1,847 | 7,356 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Fixed Assets |
||||||||
| Land |
3,526 | 3,263 | ||||||
| Construction in progress |
3,757 | 6,487 | ||||||
| Property, plant and equipment |
38,039 | 27,610 | ||||||
| Less: Accumulated depreciation |
(3,584 | ) | (2,184 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Property, plant and equipment, net |
38,212 | 31,913 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total assets |
$ | 43,585 | $ | 42,532 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Liabilities and Members’ Equity |
||||||||
| Current Liabilities |
||||||||
| Accounts payable |
$ | 1,169 | $ | 957 | ||||
| Related party payable |
3,000 | 335 | ||||||
| Accrued expenses |
1,194 | 3,686 | ||||||
| Income taxes payable |
7 | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current liabilities |
5,370 | 4,978 | ||||||
| Asset retirement obligation |
420 | 387 | ||||||
| Deferred state income taxes |
298 | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total liabilities |
6,088 | 5,365 | ||||||
| Members’ equity |
37,497 | 37,167 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total liabilities and members’ equity |
$ | 43,585 | $ | 42,532 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
3
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Statements of Operations
Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021
| (in thousands of dollars) | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||
| Revenues |
||||||||
| Produced water handling |
$ | 917 | $ | 601 | ||||
| Produced water handling - related parties |
9,806 | 2,711 | ||||||
| Water solutions |
619 | 834 | ||||||
| Water solutions - related parties |
9,642 | 5,650 | ||||||
| Other |
468 | 220 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total revenues |
21,452 | 10,016 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Operating expenses |
||||||||
| Direct operating costs |
5,581 | 5,885 | ||||||
| Depreciation |
1,400 | 911 | ||||||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligations |
33 | 18 | ||||||
| General and administrative |
2,041 | 980 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total operating expenses |
9,055 | 7,794 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Operating income |
12,397 | 2,222 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net income before income tax |
12,397 | 2,222 | ||||||
| Deferred income tax expense |
305 | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net income |
$ | 12,092 | $ | 2,222 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
4
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Statement of Changes in Members’ Equity
Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021
| (in thousands of dollars) | Members’ Equity |
|||
| Balance at December 31, 2020 |
31,945 | |||
| Capital contributions |
4,000 | |||
| Capital distributions |
(1,000 | ) | ||
| Net income |
2,222 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Balance at December 31, 2021 |
$ | 37,167 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Capital contributions |
9,811 | |||
| Non-cash settlement of related party receivables |
(21,573 | ) | ||
| Net income |
12,092 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Balance at December 31, 2022 |
$ | 37,497 | ||
|
|
|
|||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
5
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Statements of Cash Flows
Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021
| (in thousands of dollars) | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities |
||||||||
| Net income |
$ | 12,092 | $ | 2,222 | ||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities |
||||||||
| Depreciation |
1,400 | 911 | ||||||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligations |
33 | 18 | ||||||
| Change in assets and liabilities |
||||||||
| Accounts receivable |
(1,231 | ) | (157 | ) | ||||
| Related party receivable |
(14,562 | ) | (4,401 | ) | ||||
| Accounts payable |
393 | 314 | ||||||
| Related party payable |
2,666 | (1,551 | ) | |||||
| Accrued expenses |
(1,564 | ) | 1,695 | |||||
| Income tax payable |
7 | — | ||||||
| Deferred income tax |
298 | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash used in operating activities |
(468 | ) | (949 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Cash flows from investing activities |
||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment expenditures |
(9,665 | ) | (2,591 | ) | ||||
| Proceeds from sales of property, plant and equipment |
592 | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash used in investing activities |
(9,073 | ) | (2,591 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Cash flows from financing activities |
||||||||
| Proceeds received from capital contributions |
9,811 | 4,000 | ||||||
| Distributions to parent |
— | (1,000 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities |
9,811 | 3,000 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents |
270 | (540 | ) | |||||
| Cash and cash equivalents |
||||||||
| Beginning of year |
72 | 612 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| End of year |
$ | 342 | $ | 72 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Supplemental disclosure of non-cash transactions: |
||||||||
| Change in accrued capital expenditures |
$ | (1,110 | ) | $ | 2,242 | |||
| Change in asset retirement obligation |
— | (178 | ) | |||||
| Settlement of related party receivables |
(21,573 | ) | — | |||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
6
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
| 1. | Organization and Operations of the Company |
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC was organized as a Texas limited liability company (“LLC”) on April 4, 2018, to operate as a midstream services business providing fresh water sourcing and produced water disposal services for PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC (“PetroLegacy”) as well as third-party operators.
Pearlsnap is a wholly-owned subsidiary of PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC, a company formed with an equity investment from Encap Investments and Management.
All references to “we”, “our”, “us”, “Pearlsnap” and the “Company” refer to Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC.
| 2. | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and include the accounts of Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from such estimates. Certain accounting policies involve judgments and uncertainties to such an extent that there is reasonable likelihood that materially different amounts could have been reported under different conditions, or if different assumptions had been used. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on a regular basis. We use historical experience and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances to form the basis for making judgments about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Our actual results may differ from these estimates and assumptions used in preparation of our financial statements.
Accounting policies most affected by management’s estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, commitments and contingencies.
Cash
The Company places its cash with financial institutions that are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The Company maintains deposits in banks which from time-to-time exceed the amount of deposit insurance available. Management assessed the financial condition of the institutions and believes that any possible credit loss would be minimal.
Accounts Receivable
Receivables consist of trade receivables recorded at the invoice amount, plus accrued revenue that is earned but not yet billed. Accounts receivable from third-parties are generally due within 60 days or less. The majority of receivables relate to services provided to PetroLegacy, another wholly-owned subsidiary of PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC (see Risks Related to Customer Concentration). The Company did not record any allowance for doubtful accounts as of December 31, 2022 nor as of December 31, 2021.
7
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment consist of saltwater disposal wells, pipeline, construction in progress, land, water wells, and other equipment. We record property and equipment at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided on a straight-line method over the estimated useful service lives of the assets determined to be thirty years. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 the Company recorded depreciation expense on property, plant and equipment of $1.4 million and $0.9 million, respectively.
Land on the balance sheet consists of interests in surface parcels, which is recorded at cost. These surface costs are not subject to depreciation.
All costs necessary to place an asset into operation are capitalized. Maintenance and repairs are expensed when incurred. Upgrades and enhancements that substantially extend the useful lives of the assets are capitalized. When property is abandoned, returned or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from appropriate accounts and any gain or loss is included in earnings. Costs incurred for construction of facilities and related equipment and pipelines are included in construction in progress. Direct project costs on potential future projects are capitalized to property, plant and equipment. These costs generally relate to acquiring the appropriate permits, rights-of-way and other related expenditures necessary prior to construction. No depreciation is recorded for these assets as they have not been placed in operation.
We assess property and equipment for possible impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate, in the judgment of management, that the carrying value of the assets may not be recoverable. Such indicators include, among others, the nature of the asset, the projected future economic benefit of the asset, changes in regulatory and political environments, and historical and future cash flow and profitability measurements. If the carrying value of an asset exceeds the future undiscounted cash flows expected from the asset, we recognize an impairment charge for the excess of carrying value of the asset over its estimated fair value. Determination as to whether and how much as asset is impaired involves management estimates on highly uncertain matters such as future commodity prices, the effects of inflation on operating expenses, and the outlook for national or regional market supply and demand for the services we provide.
Revenue Recognition
We generate revenue by providing services related to Produced Water Handling and Water Solutions. The services related to produced water are fee-based arrangements and are based on the volume of water that flows through our systems and facilities while the sale of recycled produced water and groundwater are priced based on the negotiated rates with the customer.
In determining the appropriate amount of revenue to be recognized as we fulfill our obligations under contracts, the following steps must be performed at contract inception: (i) identification of the promised goods or services in the contract; (ii) determination of whether the promised goods or services are performance obligations, including whether they are distinct in the context of the contract; (iii) measurement of the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) we satisfy each performance obligation.
Produced Water Handling. We earn revenues by disposal of water at well sites for our customers primarily under intermittent and dedication contracts with agreed upon rates. The disposal of water can either be hauled or disposed of through pipelines that are connected to a disposal well site. Our results are driven by the volumes of produced water and flowback water that are taken from our customers’ facilities and injected into saltwater disposal facilities. We recognize revenue upon receipt of the wastewater volumes into our pipelines or at our saltwater disposal facilities in the case of hauled volumes.
8
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Water Solutions. Freshwater services earn revenue by selling gathered freshwater that has been sourced from the Company’s freshwater wells or other sources to oil and gas operators for use in their fracking operations. Further, the Company provides water sourced from recycling services of produced water. The rates that are charged for freshwater and recycled water services are outlined within contracts with our customers.
As a nonpublic entity the Company has elected not to apply the quantitative disaggregation of revenue. The Company’s revenues are recognized at a point in time. The location of the Company’s customers and the types of contracts entered into may affect the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows.
Asset Retirement Obligations (“ARO”)
The Company’s asset retirement obligations consist of future abandonment costs of tangible assets. The fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation is recorded in the period in which it is incurred, and the corresponding cost is capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset. The capitalized cost is amortized over the useful life of the asset and accretion expense is recognized over time as the discounted liability is accreted to its expected settlement value. Accretion expense is included in accretion of asset retirement obligations in the Company’s statement of operations.
Income Taxes
The Company is a limited liability company. For federal income tax purposes, all income, losses, credits and deductions of the entities are passed through to their respective members’ individual tax returns. Accordingly, no provision for federal income taxes related to these entities is included in the accompanying financial statements.
The State of Texas enacted a margin-based franchise tax law which is commonly referred to as the Texas margin tax and is assessed at a 0.75% rate. The tax is considered an income tax and is determined by applying a tax rate to a base that considers both revenue and expenses. As of December 31, 2022, the Company recorded $298 thousand of deferred income tax related to Texas margin tax. The Company did not record any deferred income tax related to Texas margin tax as of December 31, 2021. Additionally, the Company recorded $7 thousand of income taxes payable related to Texas margin tax.
Management has evaluated the Company’s tax positions and concluded that there are no uncertain tax positions that require adjustment to the financial statements at December 31, 2022 nor at December 21, 2021. If applicable, tax-related interest and penalties would be recorded in income tax expense in the statement of operations. The Company incurred no tax-related interest and penalties during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Commitments and Contingencies
Liabilities for loss contingencies are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment and or remediation can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred.
Related Parties
The majority of the Company’s revenue is earned through service to a related party, PetroLegacy. Pearlsnap gathers produced water for the majority of PetroLegacy’s operated assets and provides freshwater and recycled water for PetroLegacy II, LLC’s completion activities. Rates associated with these activities are considered to be at market rates. During 2022 and 2021, water gathering revenue incurred with PetroLegacy totaled $9.8 million and $2.7 million respectively. For the same periods, fresh and recycled water sold to PetroLegacy totaled $9.6 million and $5.7 million.
9
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Revenues owed by PetroLegacy are periodically settled throughout the year through cash and non-cash transactions. As of December 31, 2022, all receivables from PetroLegacy Energy had been settled. As of December 31, 2021, PetroLegacy owed Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC $7.0 million, represented in related party receivable on the Balance Sheet.
In addition, the employees of PetroLegacy provide support services to the Company. The cost of these services is allocated to the Company under the terms of a master service agreement. During 2022 and 2021, the Company incurred $1.6 million and $1.0 million, respectively, under this agreement reported as General and Administrative Expense on the Statement of Operations. The remainder of the balance relates to certain expenses paid by PetroLegacy but services are shared with Pearlsnap Midstream. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC owed PetroLegacy $2.9 million and $333 thousand, respectively, represented in related party payable on the Balance Sheet.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
Adopted in Current Period
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASC 842”), which requires lessees to recognize a right-of-use (ROU) asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases, including operating leases, with terms of more than 12 months. As the implicit rate of the lease is not always readily determinable, the Company uses the risk-free rate to calculate the present value of lease payments based on information available at the commencement date. Operating ROU assets are included in other long-term assets while operating lease liabilities are included in other current and other long-term liabilities on the balance sheet. Finance ROU assets are reflected in total property and equipment, net, while finance lease liabilities are included in other current and other long-term liabilities on the balance sheet.
The Company adopted the new standard on January 1, 2022 and, as permitted by ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements, the Company did not adjust comparative-period financial statements and continued to apply the guidance in Topic 840, including its disclosure requirements, in the comparative periods presented prior to adoption. No cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings was required as a result of the modified retrospective approach.
Upon adoption of ASC 842, the Company made certain elections permitting us to not reassess: (1) whether any expired or existing contracts contained leases, (2) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (3) initial direct costs for any existing leases. Upon adoption of ASC 842, we also made an election permitting us to continue applying our current policy for land easements. The Company determined no operating leases and no finance leases to exist as of December 31, 2022.
Short-term leases will not be recognized on the balance sheet as an asset or liability, and the related rental expense will be expensed as incurred.
To be Adopted in a Future Period
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” This ASU, along with subsequent related updates and amendments, replaces the current incurred loss model for measurement of credit losses on financial assets including trade receivables with a forward-looking expected loss model based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The ASU is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those years. During their October 2019 board meeting the FASB delayed the effective date for private entities with fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. We are evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on our financial statements.
10
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740) Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes.” This update is intended to simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions and by clarifying and amending existing guidance. This update is effective for private entities with fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. We are evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on our financial statements.
The Company considers the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs not listed above were assessed and determined to be either not applicable or clarifications of ASUs previously disclosed.
Risks Related to the Oil and Natural Gas Industry and Our Business
As a company in the oil and natural gas industry, the Company’s revenue, profitability, and future growth are substantially dependent upon the prevailing and future prices for oil and natural gas, which are dependent upon numerous factors beyond its control such as economic, political, and regulatory developments and competition from other energy sources. The energy markets have historically been very volatile and there can be no assurance that oil and natural gas prices will not be subject to wide fluctuations in the future. A substantial or extended decline in oil and natural gas prices could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, cash flows, and quantities of oil and natural gas reserves that may be economically produced.
Other risks and uncertainties that could affect the Company in the current price environment include, but are not limited to, counterparty credit risk for our receivables, access to credit markets, and ability to meet financial ratios and covenants in our financing agreements.
Risks Related to Customer Concentration
During 2022 and 2021 approximately 91% and 83%, respectively, of the Company’s revenues are sourced from PetroLegacy, a related party, and subsidiary of PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC. Management believes the loss of this relationship would not have a material and adverse financial impact to the Company due to other market opportunities available for the sale of those services and products.
| 3. | Property, Plant and Equipment |
Property, plant and equipment (“PP&E”) is stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful service life of the asset.
11
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
PP&E consists of the following:
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Construction in progress |
$ | 3,757 | $ | 6,487 | ||||
| Saltwater disposal wells |
11,167 | 11,141 | ||||||
| Pipelines |
12,823 | 11,349 | ||||||
| Freshwater pits and wells |
5,718 | 5,120 | ||||||
| Produced water pits |
8,331 | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| 41,796 | 34,097 | |||||||
| Less: Accumulated depreciation |
(3,584 | ) | (2,184 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total property, plant and equipment, net |
$ | 38,212 | $ | 31,913 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Property, Plant and Equipment cash expenditures were $9.7 million and $2.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Accrued PP&E totaled $0.8 million on December 31, 2022 and $1.6 million on December 31, 2021.
| 4. | Asset Retirement Obligations |
Our asset retirement obligations (“ARO”) are primarily related to the dismantlement, removal, site reclamation and similar activities of our pipelines, water handling facilities and associated operations. A reconciliation of the changes in ARO is as follows:
| Ending balance at December 31, 2020 |
191 | |||
| Liabilities incurred |
178 | |||
| Accretion expense |
18 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Ending balance at December 31, 2021 |
$ | 387 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Accretion expense |
33 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Ending balance at December 31, 2022 |
$ | 420 | ||
|
|
|
| 5. | Members’ Equity |
Upon the formation of Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC in 2018, $3.5 million was contributed by PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC to the Company. The Company continues to receive contributions to fund capital expenditures in excess of revenues. In 2022 and 2021, the Company received net capital contributions of $9.8 million and $3.0 million, respectively.
In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2022, equity transfers occurred between Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC and related-entity PetroLegacy to settle certain related party receivables. The effect was to decrease the equity invested in Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC by $21.6 million.
12
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
| 6. | Commitments and Contingencies |
Litigation
From time to time, the Company may be involved in legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company believes that the final disposition of such current matters will not have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.
| 7. | Subsequent Events |
The Company performed a review of events subsequent to December 31, 2022 through April 3, 2023, the date the financial statements were available to be issued, and determined there were no such events requiring recognition or disclosure in the financial statements.
13
Exhibit 99.3
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Consolidated Financial Report
December 31, 2022
C O N T E N T S
| Page | ||||
| Independent Auditor’s Report |
1 | |||
| Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||
| Consolidated Balance Sheet |
3 | |||
| Consolidated Statement of Operations |
5 | |||
| Consolidated Statement of Members’ Equity |
6 | |||
| Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows |
7 - 8 | |||
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements |
9 - 24 | |||
Independent Auditor’s Report
To The Members of
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Opinion
We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary (collectively, the Company) which comprise the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022, and the related consolidated statements of operations, members’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended, and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements.
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary as of December 31, 2022, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAS). Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. We are required to be independent of the Company and to meet our other ethical responsibilities, in accordance with the relevant ethical requirements relating to our audit. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.
Emphasis of Matter
As discussed in Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements, effective January 1, 2022, the Company adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (FASB) Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842).
Responsibilities of Management for the Financial Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and for the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for one year after the date that the consolidated financial statements are issued (or when applicable, one year after the date that the consolidated financial statements are available to be issued).
Weaver and Tidwell, L.L.P.
400 West Illinois Avenue, Suite 1550 | Midland, Texas 79701
Main: 432.683.5226
CPAs AND ADVISORS | WEAVER.COM
The Members of
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not absolute assurance and therefore is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with GAAS will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. Misstatements are considered material if there is a substantial likelihood that, individually or in the aggregate, they would influence the judgment made by a reasonable user based on the consolidated financial statements.
In performing an audit in accordance with GAAS, we:
| • | Exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. |
| • | Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, and design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. |
| • | Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control. Accordingly, no such opinion is expressed. |
| • | Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluate the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. |
| • | Conclude whether, in our judgment, there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time. |
We are required to communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit, significant audit findings, and certain internal control–related matters that we identified during the audit.
| WEAVER AND TIDWELL, L.L.P. |
| Midland, Texas |
| March 17, 2023 |
2
Consolidated Financial Statements
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Consolidated Balance Sheet
December 31, 2022
| ASSETS
|
||||
| CURRENT ASSETS |
||||
| Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 17,036,624 | ||
| Accounts receivable - oil and gas sales |
25,814,485 | |||
| Accounts receivable - joint interest owners |
120,943 | |||
| Accounts receivable - related parties |
41,892,522 | |||
| Prepaid expenses and other |
22,148 | |||
| Derivative assets |
1,086,000 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total current assets |
85,972,722 | |||
| OIL AND GAS PROPERTIES, successful efforts method |
||||
| Proved properties |
401,496,776 | |||
| Unproved properties |
19,529,807 | |||
| Lease and well equipment |
88,428,352 | |||
| Tubular stock |
25,531,809 | |||
| Less: accumulated depletion, depreciation, amortization and impairment |
(109,467,355 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Oil and gas properties, net |
425,519,389 | |||
| NON-CURRENT ASSETS |
||||
| Deferred financing costs, net |
1,837,764 | |||
| Goodwill |
1,637,642 | |||
| Operating lease, right-of-use asset, net |
852,522 | |||
| Other property and equipment, net |
817,143 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total non-current assets |
5,145,071 | |||
| TOTAL ASSETS |
$ | 516,637,182 | ||
|
|
|
|||
The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
3
LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY
| CURRENT LIABILITIES |
||||
| Accounts payable |
$ | 56,380,180 | ||
| Revenue payable |
9,727,374 | |||
| Operating lease liability, current |
232,990 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total current liabilities |
66,340,544 | |||
| NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES |
||||
| Asset retirement obligations |
12,038,651 | |||
| Operating lease liability, long-term |
629,858 | |||
| Deferred state margin tax liability |
2,070,340 | |||
| Line of credit |
100,000,000 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total non-current liabilities |
114,738,849 | |||
| MEMBERS’ EQUITY |
335,557,789 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| TOTAL LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY |
$ | 516,637,182 | ||
|
|
|
|||
4
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statement of Operations
Year Ended December 31, 2022
| REVENUES |
||||
| Oil sales |
$ | 261,778,965 | ||
| Natural gas sales |
10,187,741 | |||
| Loss on sale/trade of oil and gas properties |
(819,517 | ) | ||
| Realized loss on derivative contracts, net |
(10,359,842 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Total revenues |
260,787,347 | |||
| EXPENSES |
||||
| General and administrative expenses |
1,918,317 | |||
| Oil and gas production costs |
29,745,534 | |||
| Oil and gas production taxes |
13,348,726 | |||
| Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
49,288,430 | |||
| Lease expense |
255,869 | |||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligation |
490,426 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total expenses |
95,047,302 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| OPERATING INCOME |
165,740,045 | |||
| OTHER INCOME/(EXPENSE) |
||||
| Other income |
5,437 | |||
| Interest expense |
(4,485,653 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Total other expense |
(4,480,216 | ) | ||
| NET INCOME BEFORE TAXES |
161,259,829 | |||
| MARGIN TAX |
1,000,660 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| NET INCOME |
$ | 160,259,169 | ||
|
|
|
|||
The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
5
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statement of Members’ Equity
Year Ended December 31, 2022
| BALANCE, January 1, 2022 |
$ | 184,826,530 | ||
| Net income |
160,259,169 | |||
| Distributions to members |
(9,527,910 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| BALANCE, December 31, 2022 |
$ | 335,557,789 | ||
|
|
|
The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
6
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
Year Ended December 31, 2022
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
||||
| Net income |
$ | 160,259,169 | ||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities |
||||
| Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
49,288,430 | |||
| Amortization of deferred financing costs |
237,449 | |||
| Loss on sale of oil and gas properties |
819,517 | |||
| Increase in deferred state tax liability |
1,000,660 | |||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligation |
490,426 | |||
| Market value adjustment for derivative instruments |
(1,086,000 | ) | ||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities |
||||
| Accounts receivable - oil and gas sales |
(17,455,284 | ) | ||
| Right of use asset |
192,762 | |||
| Accounts payable - related parties |
(59,008,174 | ) | ||
| Accounts receivable - joint interest owners |
2,625,962 | |||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
(4,188,563 | ) | ||
| Operating lease liability |
(182,436 | ) | ||
| Prepaid expenses and other |
(2,746 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Net cash provided by operating activities |
132,991,172 | |||
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
||||
| Acquisitions of oil and gas properties |
(164,965,940 | ) | ||
| Additions to other property and equipment |
(166,942 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Net cash used in investing activities |
(165,132,882 | ) | ||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||
| Distributions to members |
(9,527,910 | ) | ||
| Proceeds from issuance of debt |
110,000,000 | |||
| Principal payments on line of credit |
(30,000,000 | ) | ||
| Principal payments on related party note payable |
(133,887 | ) | ||
| Advances and repayments on related party borrowings, net |
(20,927,504 | ) | ||
| Payment of debt issue costs |
(2,036,780 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Net cash provided by financing activities |
47,373,919 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents |
15,232,209 | |||
| CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of period |
1,804,415 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of period |
$ | 17,036,624 | ||
|
|
|
|||
The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
7
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (Continued)
Year Ended December 31, 2022
| SUPPLEMENTAL SCHEDULE OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||
| Capital expenditures accrued in accounts payable at period-end |
$ | 50,338,205 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Addition to proved properties for increase in asset retirement obligation liability |
$ | 546,712 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Operating lease, right of use asset and associated liability |
$ | 1,045,284 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| OTHER SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION |
||||
| Interest paid |
$ | 4,043,466 | ||
|
|
|
The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
8
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Organization and Nature of Operations
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary (Piedra, the Company) is a Delaware limited liability company formed May 30, 2014 to acquire, maintain, drill, develop, and operate oil and gas interests in the continental United States. The majority of the Company’s operations are located in the Permian Basin.
The Company is owned by EnCap Energy Capital Fund IX, L.P. (96.178%, EnCap) and Piedra Resources III, LLC (3.822%, Management Member), which is owned by certain members of management (collectively, with EnCap, the Investor Group or Members). Management Member manages the Company on behalf of the other Members. A five-member board of managers governs the actions of the Company. Under the terms of the Limited Liability Company Agreement (the Agreement), the Investor Group has committed to contribute up to $328.0 million between the Company and Rock River Minerals, LP (Rock River), an entity under common control. Of this commitment amount, the Investor Group contributed approximately $114.7 million to the Company through December 31, 2022. The term of the Company is to continue until terminated by the board of managers and/or per the terms of the Agreement.
Piedra Operating, LLC (Operating) acts as the operator of the properties owned by the Company in accordance with the terms of a service and operating agreement, by which Piedra Energy III, LLC is bound with the assignment of 100% of the membership interests, effective May 30, 2014.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Piedra Energy III, LLC and its wholly owned subsidiary, Piedra Operating, LLC. Effective May 30, 2014, Piedra Energy II, LLC, a commonly controlled related party, assigned all membership interests in Piedra Operating, LLC to the Company. Piedra Operating, LLC consisted of other property and equipment and tubular stock as of the assignment date. These transactions were appropriately accounted for at net book value between the related parties. All inter-company accounts and transactions between Piedra Energy III, LLC and Piedra Operating, LLC were eliminated in consolidation.
Estimates and Uncertainties
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Significant assumptions are required in the valuation of proved oil and gas reserves which may affect the amount at which oil and gas properties, provisions for depreciation, depletion and amortization, and impairment of oil and gas properties are recorded. Estimation of asset retirement obligations is based on estimates regarding the timing and cost of future asset abandonments. Estimation of production volumes near period end is required in order to determine the amount of oil and gas revenue receivable at period end. It is possible these estimates could be revised in the near-term and these revisions could be material.
9
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Oil and Gas Properties
The Company uses the successful efforts method of accounting for its oil and gas exploration and production activities. Costs incurred by the Company related to the acquisition of oil and gas properties and the cost of drilling development wells and successful exploratory wells are capitalized, while the costs of unsuccessful exploratory wells are expensed when determined to be unsuccessful. Costs incurred to maintain wells and related equipment, lease and well operating costs and other exploration costs are charged to expense as incurred. Gains and losses arising from sales of properties are generally included as income.
Capitalized acquisition costs attributable to proved oil and gas properties are depleted by field using the unit-of-production method based on proved reserves. Capitalized exploration well costs and development costs, including asset retirement obligations, are amortized similarly by field, based on proved developed reserves. Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense for oil and gas producing property and related equipment was $48,237,335 for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company had capitalized costs related to proved properties and related equipment of $489,925,128 at December 31, 2022.
Capitalized costs are evaluated for impairment in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 360 (ASC Topic 360), Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long Lived Assets, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an asset’s carrying amount may not be recoverable.
The fair values of proved properties are measured using valuation techniques consistent with the income approach, converting future cash flows to a single discounted amount. Significant inputs used to determine the fair values of proved properties include estimates of: (i) reserves; (ii) future operating and development costs; (iii) future commodity prices; and (iv) a market-based weighted average cost of capital rate. The underlying commodity prices embedded in the Company’s estimated cash flows are the product of a process that begins with applicable forward curve pricing, adjusted for estimated location and quality differentials, as well as other factors that Company management believes will impact realizable prices.
To determine if a depletable unit is impaired, the carrying value of the depletable unit is compared to the undiscounted future net cash flows by applying management’s estimates of future oil and gas prices to the estimated future production of oil and gas reserves over the economic life of the property and deducting future costs. Future net cash flows are based upon reservoir engineers’ estimates of proved reserves. For a property determined to be impaired, an impairment loss equal to the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the impaired property will be recognized. Fair value, on a depletable unit basis, is estimated to be the present value of the aforementioned expected future net cash flows. Each part of this calculation is subject to a large degree of judgment, including the determination of the depletable units’ estimated reserves, future net cash flows and fair value. No impairment was recognized for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Costs of unproved properties at December 31, 2022 represent amounts related to lease and well equipment and intangible drilling costs for wells in progress. Unproved oil and gas lease terms are generally for a period of three to five years. In most cases, the term of the unproved leases can be extended by paying delay rentals, meeting contractual drilling obligations or by producing reserves on the leases. As properties are evaluated through exploration, they will be included in the amortization base. Unproved properties are assessed periodically to determine whether they have been impaired. The prospects and their related costs are evaluated individually.
10
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company maintains tubular stock purchased for use in the course of exploration, development and production of oil and gas. Tubular stock is carried at cost and reviewed periodically for impairment, if indicators exist, at which point the Company will recognize an impairment expense for the difference between the fair value and carrying value of the tubular stock. The cost basis of tubular stock to be utilized is depleted as a component of oil and gas properties once the tubular stock is used in drilling or other capitalized operations. At December 31, 2022, the Company had tubular stock on hand of $25,531,809.
Revenue Recognition
Recognition of revenue involves a five step approach including identifying the contract, identifying the separate performance obligations, determining the transaction price, allocating the price to the performance obligations and recognizing revenue as the obligations are satisfied.
Revenues from the Company’s royalty and non-operated working interest properties are recorded under the cash receipts approach as directly received from the remitters’ statement accompanying the revenue check. Since the revenue checks are generally received two to four months after the production month, the Company accrues for revenue earned but not received by estimating production volumes and product prices. Any identified differences between its revenue estimates and actual revenue received historically have not been significant.
The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations under its contracts with customers as it applies the practical exemption in accordance with ASC 606. The exemption, as described in ASC 606-10-50-14(a), applies to variable consideration that is recognized as control of the product is transferred to the customer. Since each unit of product represents a separate performance obligation, future volumes are wholly unsatisfied and disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations is not required.
In accordance with ASC Topic 606, the Company records transportation and processing costs that are incurred after control of its product has transferred to the customer as a reduction of “Oil and gas sales” in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. Prior to the adoption of ASC Topic 606, these transportation and processing costs were recorded as an expense within “Marketing expense” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. There was no impact to net loss or retained earnings as a result of adopting ASC Topic 606.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with an original maturity of three months or less at the time of issuance to be cash equivalents.
Accounts Receivable
The Company sells oil and gas to various customers and participates with other parties in the drilling, completion and operation of oil and gas wells. Joint interest owner receivables and oil and gas sales receivables related to these operations are generally unsecured. The Company determines joint interest owner accounts receivable allowances based on management’s assessment of the creditworthiness of the joint interest owners and the Company’s ability to realize the receivables through netting of anticipated future production revenues. The Company had no allowance for doubtful accounts at December 31, 2022 based on the expectation that all receivables will be collected. The Company has not realized bad debt expense during the year ended December 31, 2022. The opening balance of customer accounts receivable on January 1, 2022 was $8,359,201.
11
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Deferred Financing Costs
Deferred financing costs consist of fees incurred to secure debt financing and are amortized over the life of the related loans using the straight-line method. Deferred financing costs were $1,837,764, net of accumulated amortization of $199,016 at December 31, 2022. Amortization of deferred financing costs totaled $237,449 for the year ended December 31, 2022 of which $38,433 relates to a previous credit facility which was repaid during 2022. The amortization was recorded as interest expense in the consolidated statement of operations.
Other Property and Equipment
Other property and equipment is stated at cost. Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred, with additions and improvements being capitalized. Upon sale or other retirement of depreciable property, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the related accounts and any gain or loss is reflected in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Depreciation is provided based on the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the depreciable assets as follows:
| Leasehold improvements |
4.5 - years | |||
| Computer hardware and software |
5 - years | |||
| Websites |
5 - years | |||
| Vehicles |
5 - years | |||
| Office equipment |
5 - years | |||
| Furniture and fixtures |
7 - years |
Depreciation expense for other property and equipment totaled $1,051,095 for the year ended December 31, 2022. Note 3 – Other Property and Equipment, presents the components of other property and equipment.
Accounts Payable
Accounts payable includes obligations incurred in the ordinary operation of the business for services performed and products received.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company’s derivative financial instruments are used to manage commodity price risk attributable to expected oil and gas production. While there is risk the financial benefit of rising oil and gas prices may not be captured, the Company believes the benefits of stable and predictable cash flows outweigh the potential risks.
The Company accounts for derivative financial instruments using fair value accounting and recognizes gains and losses in earnings during the year in which they occur. Unsettled derivative instruments are recorded in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as either a current or non-current asset or a liability measured at its fair value. The Company only offsets derivative assets and liabilities for arrangements with the same counterparty when right of setoff exists. Derivative assets and liabilities with different counterparties are recorded gross in the consolidated balance sheet. Derivative contract settlements are reflected in operating activities in the accompanying consolidated statement of cash flows.
12
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company uses certain pricing models to determine the fair value of its derivative financial instruments. Inputs to the pricing models include publicly available prices and forward price curves generated from a compilation of data gathered from third parties. Company management validates the data provided by third parties by understanding the pricing models used, obtaining market values from other pricing sources, analyzing pricing data in certain situations and confirming that those securities trade in active markets.
Asset Retirement Obligations
The Company accounts for its asset retirement obligations in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 410, Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations (ASC Topic 410). Asset retirement obligations consist of estimated costs of dismantlement, removal, site reclamation and similar activities associated with oil and gas properties. A liability is recorded when the fair value of the asset retirement obligation can be reasonably estimated and is recognized in the period in which a legal obligation is incurred. The liability amounts are based on retirement cost estimates and incorporate many assumptions, such as expected economic recoveries of oil and gas, time to abandonment, future inflation rates and the credit adjusted risk-free rate of interest.
The asset retirement obligation is recorded at its estimated present value as of the obligation’s inception with an offsetting increase to proved properties in the consolidated balance sheet. This addition to proved properties represents a non-cash investing activity for presentation in the consolidated statement of cash flows. After initially recording the liability, it accretes for the passage of time, with the increase reflected as accretion expense in the consolidated statement of operations.
Income Taxes
The Company is a limited liability company, and therefore will be treated as a flow-through entity for federal income tax purposes. As a result, the net taxable income of the Company and any related tax credits, for federal income tax purposes, are deemed to pass to the Members and are included in their tax returns even though such net taxable income or tax credits may not have actually been distributed. Accordingly, no tax provision has been made in the consolidated financial statements of the Company since the income tax is an obligation of the Members.
As the Company is not subject to federal income tax, but is subject to state margin tax, provisions for state margin taxes are based on taxes payable for the current year and deferred taxes on temporary differences between the amount of taxable margin and pretax financial income, and between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are included in the consolidated financial statements at currently enacted state margin tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for state margin taxes. At December 31, 2022, the Company liability for deferred state margin tax is $2,070,340.
The Company follows the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (ASC Topic 740), relating to accounting for uncertainties in income taxes. ASC Topic 740 clarifies the accounting for uncertainties in income taxes by prescribing a minimum recognition threshold that a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. ASC Topic 740 requires that the Company recognize in its consolidated financial statements the financial effects of a tax position, if that position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any appeals or litigation processes, based upon the technical merits of the position.
13
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
ASC Topic 740 also provides guidance on measurement, classification, interest and penalties and disclosure. Tax positions taken related to the Company’s pass-through status and those taken in determining its state income tax liability, including deductibility of expenses, have been reviewed and management is of the opinion that material positions taken by the Company would more likely than not be sustained upon examination. Accordingly, the Company has not recorded an income tax liability for uncertain tax positions.
Under the centralized LLC audit rules of the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), the IRS assesses and collects underpayments of tax from the LLC instead of from each member. The LLC may be able to pass the adjustments through to its members by making a push-out election or, if eligible, by electing out of the centralized LLC audit rules.
The collection of tax from the LLC is only an administrative convenience for the IRS to collect any underpayment of income taxes including interest and penalties. Income tax on LLC income, regardless of who pays the tax or when it is paid, is attributed to the members. Any payment made by the Company as a result of an IRS examination will be treated as a distribution from the Company to the members in the financial statements.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The FASB issued this Update to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. A lessee should recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from leases. A lessee should recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. When measuring assets and liabilities arising from a lease, a lessee (and a lessor) should include payments to be made in optional periods only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise an option to extend the lease or not to exercise an option to terminate the lease. Similarly, optional payments to purchase the underlying asset should be included in the measurement of lease assets and lease liabilities only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise that purchase option. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. If a lessee makes this election, it should recognize lease expense for such leases generally on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 effective January 1, 2022, see Note 10.
Goodwill
The Company’s goodwill is derived from the acquisition of working interests in proved oil and gas properties that qualify for acquisition accounting treatment under the requirements of ASC Topic 805. Any excess of the purchase price over the fair value assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is considered to have an indefinite useful economic life and is not amortized, but tested for impairment annually or when events or circumstances indicate that the fair value of the asset has decreased below its carrying value. The Company follows ASC 350-20, which permits an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount by examining relevant events and circumstances which could have a negative impact on goodwill such as macroeconomic conditions, industry and market conditions, cost factors that have a negative effect on earnings and cash flows, overall financial performance, segment dispositions and acquisitions, and other relevant entity-specific events.
14
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
If the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the Company or relevant reporting unit is less than the carrying amount, a two-step goodwill impairment test is performed. Fair value is determined using applicable market-related valuation models, including earnings multiples, discounted cash flows, and comparable asset market values. The first step of the goodwill impairment test, used to identify potential impairment, compares the fair value the Company, or reporting unit, with its carrying amount including goodwill. If the fair value of the Company or reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill is not considered to be impaired, and the second step is not required. If necessary, the second step of the impairment test, used to measure the amount of impairment loss, compares the implied fair value of goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. If the carrying amount exceeds the implied fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the excess.
After assessing the totality of events and circumstances for the qualitative impairment assessment at December 31, 2022, the Company determined that performing the two-step goodwill impairment test was unnecessary. No goodwill impairment was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Subsequent Events
The Company evaluates subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure through the date the consolidated financial statements are available to be issued.
Note 2. Related Party Transactions
Transactions between related parties are considered to be related party transactions even though they may not be given accounting recognition. FASB ASC Topic 850, Related Party Disclosures (ASC Topic 850) requires that transactions with related parties that would make a difference in decision making shall be disclosed so that users of the consolidated financial statements can evaluate their significance. Piedra Resources, LLC, EnCap Investments L.P. (and affiliates), Rock River Minerals, LP (Rock River), Piedra Energy IV, LLC (Piedra IV), Rock River Minerals IV, LP (Rock River IV) and members of Management Member are considered related parties under ASC Topic 850.
Certain members of Management Member are employees of the Company and are compensated based upon employment agreements. These agreements provide for a base salary, incentive compensation and health benefits.
At December 31, 2022, the Company had net accounts receivable due from related parties of $41,892,522. The Management Services Agreement between Operating and Piedra Energy IV, LLC and Rock River Minerals IV, LP allows for an allocation of general and administrative expenses to Piedra IV and Rock River IV. During the year ended December 31, 2022, general and administrative expenses of $1,859,469 were allocated to each Piedra IV and Rock River IV. At December 31, 2022, the Company had accounts receivable from Piedra IV of $58,971,874 related to joint interest billings and accrued expenses for oil and gas operations and $5,220,706 related to the allocation and other expenses of Piedra IV paid on its behalf by Operating which is included in accounts receivable – related parties on the consolidated balance sheet. At December 31, 2022, the Company had accounts payable to Rock River IV of $3,508,622 which represents loans of $4,500,000 which represents short-term loans that bear interest at 6.5% and are expected to be repaid in the near term and accounts receivable of $991,378 related to the allocation and other expenses of Rock River IV paid on its behalf by Operating which is netted in accounts receivable – related parties on the consolidated balance sheet.
15
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Management Services Agreement between Operating and Rock River allows for an allocation of general and administrative expenses to Rock River. During the year ended December 31, 2022, general and administrative expenses of $2,789,204 were allocated to Rock River. At December 31, 2022, the Company had accounts payable to Rock River related to the allocation and other expenses of Rock River paid on its behalf by Operating and unprocessed revenue of $10,246,850 which is netted in accounts receivable – related parties on the consolidated balance sheet. The Company also had accounts payable to Rock River of $8,544,586 related to borrowings to finance drilling activity and for the purchase of certain royalty interests in Andrews County, Texas from Rock River.
The Company had a note payable to a related party which is under common management control dated January 1, 2019 for leasehold improvements in the amount of $311,744. The note has been repaid as of December 31, 2022. The Company also charges this related party $11,668 each quarter for shared accounting and actual employee costs for asset management services.
Note 3. Other Property and Equipment
Other property and equipment consists of the following at December 31, 2022:
| Computer hardware and software |
$ | 6,165,224 | ||
| Websites |
112,324 | |||
| Vehicles |
315,541 | |||
| Land |
90,890 | |||
| Leasehold improvements |
382,158 | |||
| Furniture and fixtures |
147,280 | |||
| Office equipment |
41,572 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| 7,254,989 | ||||
| Less: accumulated depreciation |
(6,437,846 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| $ | 817,143 | |||
|
|
|
Note 4. Fair Value Measurements
FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure (ASC Topic 820), defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC Topic 820 provides a framework for measuring fair value, establishes a three level hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date and requires consideration of the counterparty’s creditworthiness when valuing certain assets.
16
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The three-level fair value hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements defined by ASC Topic 820 is as follows:
Level 1 inputs – Unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. An active market is defined as a market where transactions for the financial instrument occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
Level 2 inputs – Inputs, other than quoted prices within Level 1, that are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability through correlation with market data at the measurement date and for the duration of the instrument’s anticipated life.
Level 3 inputs – Prices or valuations that require unobservable inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable. Valuation under Level 3 generally involves a significant degree of judgment from management.
A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Where available, fair value is based on observable market prices or parameters or derived from such prices or parameters. Where observable prices or inputs are not available, valuation models are applied. These valuation techniques involve some level of management estimation and judgment, the degree of which is dependent on the price transparency for the instruments or market and the instrument’s complexity. The Company reflects transfers between the three levels at the beginning of the reporting period in which the availability of observable inputs no longer justifies classification in the original level. There were no transfers between fair value hierarchy levels for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis
Financial Instruments
A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
The Company’s commodity derivative instruments were carried at fair value on a recurring basis in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Company uses certain pricing models to determine the fair value of its derivative financial instruments. Inputs to the pricing models include publicly available prices and forward price curves generated from a compilation of data gathered from third parties.
Company management validates the data provided by third parties by understanding the pricing models used, obtaining market values from other pricing sources, analyzing pricing data in certain situations and confirming that those securities trade in active markets. Assumed credit risk adjustments, based on published credit ratings and public bond yield spreads are applied to the Company’s commodity derivatives. The Company’s derivative instruments are subject to netting arrangements and qualify for net presentation in the consolidated balance sheets in those instances where such arrangements exist with the respective counterparty.
To ensure these derivative instruments are recorded at fair value, valuation adjustments may be required to reflect the creditworthiness of either party as well as market constraints on liquidity. Any such adjustment was not material as of December 31, 2022.
17
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table presents the fair value hierarchy for those derivative instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2022.
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total Fair Value December 31, 2022 |
|||||||||||||
| Financial asset - current Commodity derivative price swap contracts |
$ | — | $ | 1,086,000 | $ | — | $ | 1,086,000 | ||||||||
| Financial asset - current Commodity derivative price option contracts |
$ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Total asset - current |
$ | — | $ | 1,086,000 | $ | — | $ | 1,086,000 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Total financial asset |
$ | — | $ | 1,086,000 | $ | — | $ | 1,086,000 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis
Business Combinations
For transactions that qualify as business combinations, the Company records the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at fair value at the date of acquisition. Fair value may be estimated using comparable market data, a discounted cash flow method, or a combination of the two. In the discounted cash flow method, estimated future cash flows are based on management’s expectations for the future and include estimates of future oil and gas production, commodity prices based on commodity futures price strips as of the date of the estimate, operating and development costs, and a risk-adjusted discount rate. Significant Level 3 assumptions associated with the calculation of discounted cash flows used in the determination of fair value of the acquisition include the Company’s estimate of future natural gas and crude oil prices, operating and development costs, anticipated production of proved reserves, appropriate risk-adjusted discount rates and other relevant data.
Asset Retirement Obligation
The asset retirement obligation estimates are derived from historical costs and management’s expectation of future cost environments and, therefore, the Company has designated these liabilities as Level 3 measurements. The significant inputs to this fair value measurement include estimates of plugging, abandonment and remediation costs, well life, inflation and credit-adjusted risk free rate. See Note 5 for a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the liability for the Company’s asset retirement obligations.
18
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 5. Asset Retirement Obligations
The following are changes in the asset retirement obligation for the year ended December 31, 2022:
| Balance, January 1, 2022 |
$ | 11,063,248 | ||
| Liability incurred upon acquiring wells |
546,712 | |||
| Accretion expense |
490,426 | |||
| Liabilities for properties sold |
(61,735 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Balance, December 31, 2022 |
$ | 12,038,651 | ||
|
|
|
Based on the expected timing of settlement, all amounts are classified as non-current.
Note 6. State Margin Taxes
The Partnership follows the provisions of FASB ASC 740-10, Income Taxes, which provides for recognition of a deferred tax asset for deductible temporary differences, net of a valuation allowance, and recognition of a deferred tax liability for taxable temporary differences. The Partnership is not subject to federal income taxes.
The Partnership is subject to the Texas Margin Tax. The taxable margin on all income derived from operations in the State of Texas is taxed at a rate of 1%. The Partnership recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences related primarily to IDC, which are capitalized for financial statement purposes and are deducted for Texas Margin Tax purposes.
The provision for income taxes consists of deferred taxes and differs from amounts that would be calculated by applying state mandated rates on margin from income derived from operations in the State of Texas, due to the effect of various deductible and nondeductible items.
The provision for state margin taxes for the year ended December 31, 2022 is $1,000,660.
The tax effect of temporary differences in the timing of IDC expense deductions of $276,045,434 gives rise to significant portions of the deferred tax liability at December 31, 2022.
Note 7. Derivative Financial Instruments
In accordance with the credit agreement for the Revolving Credit Facility, the Company uses derivative financial instruments to limit its crude oil price exposure.
It is the Company’s policy to enter into derivative contracts only with counterparties that are creditworthy financial institutions deemed by management as competent and competitive.
The Company is exposed to certain risks relating to its ongoing business operations, such as commodity price risk. Derivative contracts are utilized to economically hedge the Company’s exposure to price fluctuations and reduce the variability in the Company’s cash flows associated with anticipated sales of future oil and natural gas production. The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging (ASC Topic 815), to account for its derivative financial instruments.
19
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company’s crude oil and natural gas derivative positions consist of options and swaps. The Company has elected not to designate any of its derivative contracts for hedge accounting. Accordingly, the Company records the net change in the mark-to-market valuation of these derivative contracts, as well as all payments and receipts on settled derivative contracts, in net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on commodity price hedging contracts on the consolidated statements of operations. All derivative contracts are recorded at fair market value and included in the consolidated balance sheet as assets or liabilities.
The Company may have multiple hedge positions that span a several-month time period and result in fair value asset and liability positions. At the end of the reporting periods, those positions are offset to a single fair value asset or liability for each commodity and the netted balance is reflected in the consolidated balance sheets as an asset or liability.
During the years ended December 31, 2022 the Company entered into a series of crude oil swaps.
| Derivatives not designated as hedging contracts |
Balance Sheet Location |
Gross Recognized Asset |
Gross Amounts Offset |
Net Recognized Asset |
||||||||||
| Commodity Swaps |
Derivative asset - current | $ | 2,726,730 | $ | (1,640,730 | ) | $ | 1,086,000 | ||||||
The following table summarizes the location and amounts of the Company’s realized and unrealized gains and losses on derivative contracts in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2022.
| Derivatives not designated as hedging contracts |
Consolidated Statement of Operations Location |
Loss Recognized | ||||
| Realized loss on commodity contracts |
Realized loss on derivative contracts, net | $ | (11,445,842 | ) | ||
| Unrealized gain on commodity contracts |
Realized loss on derivative contracts, net | $ | 1,086,000 | |||
The periods covered, notional amounts, fixed price and related commodity pricing index of the Company’s outstanding crude oil derivative contracts as of December 31, 2022 are set forth in the table below:
| Period |
Type of Contract |
Index |
Volume BBls |
Strike Price | ||||||||||
| January 2023-December 2023 |
Swap | NYMEX WTI CMA | 552,000 | $ | 100.00 | |||||||||
| January 2023-December 2023 |
Swap | NYMEX WTI CMA | 552,000 | $ | 68.00 | |||||||||
20
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 8. Bank Credit Facility
The Company entered into a bank credit facility on June 29, 2022. Pursuant to the credit agreement, from time to time, the Company may borrow the lesser of the available borrowing base, as determined by the credit agreement, or $500 million, which is the maximum borrowing capacity of the bank credit facility. The outstanding balance is $100 million at December 31, 2022 which is due at maturity on June 29, 2026. The bank credit facility is secured by substantially all of the Company’s oil and gas properties. There are no letters of credit outstanding under the bank credit facility at December 31, 2022.
The Company may elect that borrowings be comprised of any combination of adjusted base rate (ABR) loans or adjusted SOFR rate loans. The Company pays interest on the unpaid principal amount of each loan until such principal amount is repaid in full. Interest on the loans is determined as follows:
| • | with respect to ABR loans, the adjusted base rate equals the U.S. Prime Rate as published by The Wall Street Journal, plus an applicable margin ranging from and including 0.5% and 1.25% per annum, determined by the percentage of the borrowing base then in effect that is drawn, or |
| • | with respect to any adjusted SOFR rate loans, one-, two-, three- or six-month SOFR plus the SOFR Spread ranging from and including 2.00% and 3.00% per annum, determined by the percentage of the borrowing base then in effect that is drawn. |
Interest expense related to the bank credit facility for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $4,025,237. The effective interest rate at December 31, 2022 was 7.655%.
Note 9. Significant Concentrations
As of and for the year ended December 31, 2022, all the Company’s sales and accounts receivable – oil and gas sales were related to oil and gas production in the oil and gas industry. This concentration may impact the Company’s business risk, either positively or negatively, in that commodity prices, customers and suppliers may be similarly affected by changes in economic, political or other conditions related to the industry. The Company’s revenues are all from oil and gas production in the Permian Basin of West Texas which exposes the Company to geographic risk in the event that there are changes in this region. The Company sold production comprising 92% of oil and gas receivables and revenues to two third-party purchasers as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company does not believe that the loss of a purchaser would have an adverse effect on its ability to sell its crude oil and natural gas production due to the competitive nature of the oil and gas industry and availability of marketing alternatives.
The Company regularly maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts, which at times may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses with respect to the related risks to cash and cash equivalents and does not believe its exposure to such risk is more than nominal.
Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies
Legal Matters
In the ordinary course of business, the Company may at times be subject to claims and legal actions. Management does not believe the impact of such matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. The Company had no legal matters requiring specific disclosure or recognition of a liability as of December 31, 2022.
21
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Environmental
The Company is subject to extensive federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations which may materially affect its operations. These laws, which are constantly changing, regulate the discharge of materials into the environment and may require the Company to remove or mitigate the environmental effects of the disposal or release of petroleum or chemical substances at various sites.
In the Company’s acquisition of existing or previously drilled well bores, the Company may not be aware of what environmental safeguards were taken at the time such wells were drilled or during such time the wells were operated. However, should it be determined that a liability exists with respect to any environmental cleanup or restoration, the liability to cure such a violation could still fall upon the Company.
No claim has been made, nor is the Company aware of any liability which the Company may have, as it relates to any environmental cleanup, restoration, or the violation of any rules or regulations relating thereto. The Company maintains comprehensive insurance coverage that it believes is adequate to mitigate the risk of any adverse financial effects associated with these risks.
Operating Leases
The Company leases 11,015 square feet of office space from a third party for corporate office space. The lease includes an option to renew and is a 36-month lease that expires in February, 2026.
The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, other current liabilities, and operating lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. Finance leases are included in property and equipment, other current liabilities, and other long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet.
ROU assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses the incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The balance sheet classification of lease assets and liabilities was as follows:
| Assets |
||||
| Operating lease right-of-use asset, beginning balance |
$ | 1,045,284 | ||
| Amortization of right-of-use assets |
(192,762 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Total operating lease right-of-use asset |
852,522 | |||
| Liabilities |
||||
| Operating lease liability, current |
232,990 | |||
| Operating lease liability, long-term |
629,858 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total lease liabilities |
$ | 862,848 | ||
22
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases are as follows:
| Year ending December 31, |
Operating Leases | |||
| 2023 |
$ | 301,536 | ||
| 2024 |
309,797 | |||
| 2025 |
318,058 | |||
| 2026 |
53,239 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total future lease payments |
982,630 | |||
| Less: imputed interest |
(119,782 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Total |
$ | 862,848 | ||
|
|
|
|||
Net cash paid for operating and finance leases for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $245,543 and is included in general and administrative expenses.
Note 11. Defined Contribution Plan
The Company sponsors a 401(k) defined contribution plan for the benefit of all employees through Insperity. The plan is intended to provide participating employees with benefits upon retirement, in compliance with the Internal Revenue Code. Employees could contribute up to $20,500 with an additional “catch up” amount of $6,500 for employees over 50 years of age or older for the year of December 31, 2022. The Company matches employee contributions 100%, up to 3% of total compensation, and 50%, up to 5% of total compensation and has contributed $181,840 for the year ended December 31, 2022. Employee contributions are fully vested at all times.
Note 12. Members’ Equity Accounts
Capital contributions will be based on capital calls, to be determined by the board of managers. Contribution requests to the Members will be based on their commitment and any items in nature of income or gain will be applied to the Members’ capital accounts in accordance with their earnings interest, as defined by the Agreement.
The Company has three classes of members’ equity, Classes A, B and C Units. Class A and B Units have all the rights, privileges, preferences and obligations provided for in the Agreement, which are consistent with an ordinary equity ownership interest. Class A Units are a class of up to 1,880,000 membership interests to be issued to EnCap. Class B Units are a class of up to 120,000 membership interests to be issued to the Management Member. The purchase price per each Class A and Class B Units is $100. At December 31, 2022, EnCap has purchased 1,099,796 Class A Units for a total of $109,979,573 and Management Member has purchased 46,583 Class B Units for a total of $4,238,271. The Members have also contributed mineral interests of $7,577,111 to the Company. Class C units do not have voting rights and holders are not required to make any form of contribution to the Company. Class C unit holders do not have a risk of loss and will only be entitled to share in distributions and allocations if and to the extent the Board of Managers makes such distribution and applicable thresholds have been met. As such, the Class C units are treated as a profit-sharing arrangement accounted for under FASB ASC Topic 710, Compensation – General, which will be expensed to compensation as declared.
23
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 13. Subsequent Events
The Company has evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure through March 17, 2023, the date the consolidated financial statements were available to be issued. During this period, the Company did not have any material recognizable subsequent events other than the following:
| • | In 2023 the Company entered into additional derivative contracts to limit its crude oil price exposure, as detailed in the tables below: |
| Period |
Type of Contract |
Index |
Volume BBls |
Strike Price | ||||||||
| February 2024 |
Put | NYMEX WTI CMA | 31,000 | $ | 60.00 | |||||||
| February 2024 |
Call | NYMEX WTI CMA | 31,000 | $ | 92.00 | |||||||
| March 2024 |
Put | NYMEX WTI CMA | 32,000 | $ | 60.00 | |||||||
| March 2024 |
Call | NYMEX WTI CMA | 32,000 | $ | 92.00 | |||||||
| April 2024 |
Put | NYMEX WTI CMA | 30,000 | $ | 60.00 | |||||||
| April 2024 |
Call | NYMEX WTI CMA | 30,000 | $ | 92.00 | |||||||
| May 2024 |
Put | NYMEX WTI CMA | 30,000 | $ | 60.00 | |||||||
| May 2024 |
Call | NYMEX WTI CMA | 30,000 | $ | 92.00 | |||||||
| June 2024 |
Put | NYMEX WTI CMA | 29,000 | $ | 60.00 | |||||||
| June 2024 |
Call | NYMEX WTI CMA | 29,000 | $ | 92.00 | |||||||
24
Exhibit 99.4
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Consolidated Financial Report
December 31, 2021
C O N T E N T S
| Page | ||||
| Independent Auditor’s Report |
1 | |||
| Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||
| Consolidated Balance Sheet |
3 | |||
| Consolidated Statement of Operations |
5 | |||
| Consolidated Statement of Members’ Equity |
6 | |||
| Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows |
7 | |||
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements |
9 -23 | |||
Independent Auditor’s Report
To The Members of
Piedra Energy III, LLC
Opinion
We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary (collectively, the Company) which comprise the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2021, and the related consolidated statements of operations, members’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended, and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements.
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary as of December 31, 2021, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAS). Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements section of our report. We are required to be independent of the Company and to meet our other ethical responsibilities, in accordance with the relevant ethical requirements relating to our audit. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.
Responsibilities of Management for the Consolidated Financial Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and for the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for one year after the date that the consolidated financial statements are issued (or when applicable, one year after the date that the financial statements are available to be issued).
Weaver and Tidwell, L.L.P.
24 Greenway Plaza, Suite 1800 | Houston, Texas 77046
Main: 713.850.8787
CPAs AND ADVISORS | WEAVER.COM
The Members of
Piedra Energy III, LLC
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not absolute assurance and therefore is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with GAAS will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. Misstatements are considered material if there is a substantial likelihood that, individually or in the aggregate, they would influence the judgment made by a reasonable user based on the consolidated financial statements.
In performing an audit in accordance with GAAS, we:
| • | Exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. |
| • | Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, and design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. |
| • | Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control. Accordingly, no such opinion is expressed. |
| • | Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluate the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. |
| • | Conclude whether, in our judgment, there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time. |
We are required to communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit, significant audit findings, and certain internal control–related matters that we identified during the audit.
WEAVER AND TIDWELL, L.L.P.
Houston, Texas
March 16, 2022
2
Consolidated Financial Statements
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Consolidated Balance Sheet
December 31, 2021
| ASSETS |
||||
| CURRENT ASSETS |
||||
| Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 1,804,415 | ||
|
Accounts receivable - oil and gas sales |
8,359,201 | |||
|
Accounts receivable - joint interest owners |
2,746,905 | |||
| Prepaid expenses and other |
19,402 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total current assets |
12,929,923 | |||
| OIL AND GAS PROPERTIES, successful efforts method |
||||
| Proved properties |
216,057,158 | |||
| Unproved properties |
39,926,362 | |||
| Lease and well equipment |
49,932,019 | |||
| Tubular stock |
14,101,599 | |||
| Less: accumulated depletion, depreciation, amortization and impairment |
(61,230,020 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Oil and gas properties, net |
258,787,118 | |||
| NON-CURRENT ASSETS |
||||
| Deferred financing costs, net |
38,432 | |||
| Goodwill |
1,637,642 | |||
| Other property and equipment, net |
1,701,296 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total non-current assets |
3,377,370 | |||
| TOTAL ASSETS |
$ | 275,094,411 | ||
|
|
|
The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
3
| LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY |
||||
| CURRENT LIABILITIES |
||||
| Accounts payable |
$ | 17,913,005 | ||
| Accounts payable - related parties |
38,043,156 | |||
| Revenue payable |
2,044,905 | |||
| Related party note payable - short term |
65,311 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total current liabilities |
58,066,377 | |||
| NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES |
| |||
| Asset retirement obligations |
11,063,248 | |||
| Deferred state margin tax liability |
1,069,680 | |||
| Related party note payable - long term |
68,576 | |||
| Line of credit |
20,000,000 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total non-current liabilities |
32,201,504 | |||
| MEMBERS’ EQUITY |
184,826,530 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| TOTAL LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY |
$ | 275,094,411 | ||
|
|
|
|||
4
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statement of Operations
Year Ended December 31, 2021
| REVENUES |
||||
| Oil sales |
$ | 73,979,572 | ||
| Natural gas sales |
3,439,595 | |||
| Gain on sale/trade of oil and gas properties |
4,034,195 | |||
| Gain on settlement of ARO |
317,302 | |||
| Realized loss on derivative contracts |
(3,705,631 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Total revenues |
78,065,033 | |||
| EXPENSES |
||||
| General and administrative expenses |
2,138,717 | |||
| Oil and gas production costs |
12,183,549 | |||
| Oil and gas production taxes |
3,689,994 | |||
| Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
15,894,081 | |||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligation |
466,570 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total expenses |
34,372,911 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| OPERATING INCOME |
43,692,122 | |||
| OTHER EXPENSE |
||||
| Interest expense |
588,144 | |||
| Other expense |
58,366 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total other expense |
646,510 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| NET INCOME BEFORE TAXES |
43,045,612 | |||
| MARGIN TAX |
1,084,750 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| NET INCOME |
$ | 41,960,862 | ||
|
|
|
The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
5
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statement of Members’ Equity
Year Ended December 31, 2021
| BALANCE, January 1, 2021 |
$ | 142,865,668 | ||
| Net income |
41,960,862 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| BALANCE, December 31, 2021 |
$ | 184,826,530 | ||
|
|
|
The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
6
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
Year Ended December 31, 2021
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
||||
| Net income |
$ | 41,960,862 | ||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities |
||||
| Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
15,894,081 | |||
| Amortization of deferred financing costs |
32,942 | |||
| Loss on sale of tubular stock and other assets |
58,766 | |||
| Gain on sale of oil and gas properties |
(4,034,195 | ) | ||
| Deferred state tax liability |
1,069,680 | |||
| Gain on settlement of ARO |
(317,302 | ) | ||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligation |
466,570 | |||
| Market value adjustment for derivative instruments |
(974,174 | ) | ||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities |
||||
|
Accounts receivable - oil and gas sales |
(5,786,019 | ) | ||
|
Accounts payable - related parties |
1,925,584 | |||
|
Accounts receivable - joint interest owners |
(2,565,100 | ) | ||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
(1,668,522 | ) | ||
| Settlement of ARO |
(183,398 | ) | ||
| Prepaid expenses and other |
(13,185 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Net cash provided by operating activities |
45,866,590 | |||
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
||||
| Proceeds from sale of oil and gas properties |
8,056,500 | |||
| Acquisitions of oil and gas properties |
(103,065,086 | ) | ||
| Additions to other property and equipment |
(58,647 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Net cash used in investing activities |
(95,067,233 | ) | ||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||
| Proceeds from issuance of debt |
20,000,000 | |||
| Proceeds from related party borrowings |
42,100,000 | |||
| Principal payments on line of credit |
(17,000,000 | ) | ||
| Principal payments on related party note payable |
(62,201 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Net cash provided by financing activities |
45,037,799 | |||
|
|
|
The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
7
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (Continued)
Year Ended December 31, 2021
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents |
(4,162,844 | ) | ||
| CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of period |
5,967,259 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of period |
$ | 1,804,415 | ||
|
|
|
|||
|
SUPPLEMENTAL SCHEDULE OF NON-CASH |
||||
| INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||
| Capital expenditures accrued in accounts payable at period-end |
$ | 17,249,210 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| OTHER SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION |
||||
| Interest paid |
$ | 631,951 | ||
|
|
|
The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
8
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Organization and Nature of Operations
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary (Piedra, the Company) is a Delaware limited liability company formed May 30, 2014 to acquire, maintain, drill, develop, and operate oil and gas interests in the continental United States. The majority of the Company’s operations are located in the Permian Basin.
The Company is owned by EnCap Energy Capital Fund IX, L.P. (96.178%, EnCap) and Piedra Resources III, LLC (3.822%, Management Member), which is owned by certain members of management (collectively, with EnCap, the Investor Group or Members). Management Member manages the Company on behalf of the other Members. A five-member board of managers governs the actions of the Company. Under the terms of the Limited Liability Company Agreement (the Agreement), the Investor Group has committed to contribute up to $328.0 million between the Company and Rock River Minerals, LP (Rock River), an entity under common control. Of this commitment amount, the Investor Group contributed approximately $114.6 million to the Company through December 31, 2021. The term of the Company is to continue until terminated by the board of managers and/or per the terms of the Agreement.
Piedra Operating, LLC (Operating) acts as the operator of the properties owned by the Company in accordance with the terms of a service and operating agreement, by which Piedra Energy III, LLC is bound with the assignment of 100% of the membership interests, effective May 30, 2014.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Piedra Energy III, LLC and its wholly owned subsidiary, Piedra Operating, LLC. Effective May 30, 2014, Piedra Energy II, LLC, a commonly controlled related party, assigned all membership interests in Piedra Operating, LLC to the Company. Piedra Operating, LLC consisted of other property and equipment and tubular stock as of the assignment date. These transactions were appropriately accounted for at net book value between the related parties. All inter-company accounts and transactions between Piedra Energy III, LLC and Piedra Operating, LLC were eliminated in consolidation.
Estimates and Uncertainties
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Significant assumptions are required in the valuation of proved oil and gas reserves which may affect the amount at which oil and gas properties, provisions for depreciation, depletion and amortization, and impairment of oil and gas properties are recorded. Estimation of asset retirement obligations is based on estimates regarding the timing and cost of future asset abandonments. Estimation of production volumes near period end is required in order to determine the amount of oil and gas revenue receivable at period end. It is possible these estimates could be revised in the near-term and these revisions could be material.
9
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Oil and Gas Properties
The Company uses the successful efforts method of accounting for its oil and gas exploration and production activities. Costs incurred by the Company related to the acquisition of oil and gas properties and the cost of drilling development wells and successful exploratory wells are capitalized, while the costs of unsuccessful exploratory wells are expensed when determined to be unsuccessful. Costs incurred to maintain wells and related equipment, lease and well operating costs and other exploration costs are charged to expense as incurred. Gains and losses arising from sales of properties are generally included as income.
Capitalized acquisition costs attributable to proved oil and gas properties are depleted by field using the unit-of-production method based on proved reserves. Capitalized exploration well costs and development costs, including asset retirement obligations, are amortized similarly by field, based on proved developed reserves. Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense for oil and gas producing property and related equipment was $14,593,623 for the year ended December 31, 2021. The Company had capitalized costs related to proved properties and related equipment of $265,152,093 at December 31, 2021.
Capitalized costs are evaluated for impairment in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 360 (ASC Topic 360), Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long Lived Assets, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an asset’s carrying amount may not be recoverable.
The fair values of proved properties are measured using valuation techniques consistent with the income approach, converting future cash flows to a single discounted amount. Significant inputs used to determine the fair values of proved properties include estimates of: (i) reserves; (ii) future operating and development costs; (iii) future commodity prices; and (iv) a market-based weighted average cost of capital rate. The underlying commodity prices embedded in the Company’s estimated cash flows are the product of a process that begins with applicable forward curve pricing, adjusted for estimated location and quality differentials, as well as other factors that Company management believes will impact realizable prices.
To determine if a depletable unit is impaired, the carrying value of the depletable unit is compared to the undiscounted future net cash flows by applying management’s estimates of future oil and gas prices to the estimated future production of oil and gas reserves over the economic life of the property and deducting future costs. Future net cash flows are based upon reservoir engineers’ estimates of proved reserves. For a property determined to be impaired, an impairment loss equal to the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the impaired property will be recognized. Fair value, on a depletable unit basis, is estimated to be the present value of the aforementioned expected future net cash flows. Each part of this calculation is subject to a large degree of judgment, including the determination of the depletable units’ estimated reserves, future net cash flows and fair value. No impairment was recognized for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Costs of unproved properties at December 31, 2021 represent amounts related to lease and well equipment and intangible drilling costs for wells in progress. Unproved oil and gas lease terms are generally for a period of three to five years. In most cases, the term of the unproved leases can be extended by paying delay rentals, meeting contractual drilling obligations or by producing reserves on the leases. As properties are evaluated through exploration, they will be included in the amortization base. Unproved properties are assessed periodically to determine whether they have been impaired. The prospects and their related costs are evaluated individually.
10
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company maintains tubular stock purchased for use in the course of exploration, development and production of oil and gas. Tubular stock is carried at cost and reviewed periodically for impairment, if indicators exist, at which point the Company will recognize an impairment expense for the difference between the fair value and carrying value of the tubular stock. The cost basis of tubular stock to be utilized is depleted as a component of oil and gas properties once the tubular stock is used in drilling or other capitalized operations. At December 31, 2021, the Company had tubular stock on hand of $14,101,599.
Revenue Recognition
Recognition of revenue involves a five step approach including identifying the contract, identifying the separate performance obligations, determining the transaction price, allocating the price to the performance obligations and recognizing revenue as the obligations are satisfied.
Revenues from the Company’s royalty and non-operated working interest properties are recorded under the cash receipts approach as directly received from the remitters’ statement accompanying the revenue check. Since the revenue checks are generally received two to four months after the production month, the Company accrues for revenue earned but not received by estimating production volumes and product prices. Any identified differences between its revenue estimates and actual revenue received historically have not been significant.
The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations under its contracts with customers as it applies the practical exemption in accordance with ASC 606. The exemption, as described in ASC 606-10-50-14(a), applies to variable consideration that is recognized as control of the product is transferred to the customer. Since each unit of product represents a separate performance obligation, future volumes are wholly unsatisfied and disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations is not required.
In accordance with ASC Topic 606, the Company records transportation and processing costs that are incurred after control of its product has transferred to the customer as a reduction of “Oil and gas sales” in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. Prior to the adoption of ASC Topic 606, these transportation and processing costs were recorded as an expense within “Marketing expense” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. There was no impact to net loss or retained earnings as a result of adopting ASC Topic 606.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with an original maturity of three months or less at the time of issuance to be cash equivalents.
Accounts Receivable
The Company sells oil and gas to various customers and participates with other parties in the drilling, completion and operation of oil and gas wells. Joint interest owner receivables and oil and gas sales receivables related to these operations are generally unsecured. The Company determines joint interest owner accounts receivable allowances based on management’s assessment of the creditworthiness of the joint interest owners and the Company’s ability to realize the receivables through netting of anticipated future production revenues. The Company had no allowance for doubtful accounts at December 31, 2021 based on the expectation that all receivables will be collected. The Company has not realized bad debt expense during the year ended December 31, 2021.
11
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Deferred Financing Costs
Deferred financing costs consist of fees incurred to secure debt financing and are amortized over the life of the related loans using the straight-line method. Deferred financing costs were $38,432, net of accumulated amortization of $113,412 at December 31, 2021. Amortization of deferred financing costs totaled $32,942 for the year ended December 31, 2021 and was recorded as interest expense in the consolidated statement of operations.
Other Property and Equipment
Other property and equipment is stated at cost. Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred, with additions and improvements being capitalized. Upon sale or other retirement of depreciable property, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the related accounts and any gain or loss is reflected in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Depreciation is provided based on the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the depreciable assets as follows:
| Leasehold improvements | 4.5 - years | |
| Computer hardware and software | 5 - years | |
| Websites | 5 - years | |
| Vehicles | 5 - years | |
| Office equipment | 5 - years | |
| Furniture and fixtures | 7 - years |
Depreciation expense for other property and equipment totaled $1,300,458 for the year ended December 31, 2021. Note 4 – Other Property and Equipment, presents the components of other property and equipment.
Accounts Payable
Accounts payable includes obligations incurred in the ordinary operation of the business for services performed and products received.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company’s derivative financial instruments are used to manage commodity price risk attributable to expected oil and gas production. While there is risk the financial benefit of rising oil and gas prices may not be captured, the Company believes the benefits of stable and predictable cash flows outweigh the potential risks.
The Company accounts for derivative financial instruments using fair value accounting and recognizes gains and losses in earnings during the year in which they occur. Unsettled derivative instruments are recorded in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as either a current or non-current asset or a liability measured at its fair value. The Company only offsets derivative assets and liabilities for arrangements with the same counterparty when right of setoff exists. Derivative assets and liabilities with different counterparties are recorded gross in the consolidated balance sheet. Derivative contract settlements are reflected in operating activities in the accompanying consolidated statement of cash flows.
12
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company uses certain pricing models to determine the fair value of its derivative financial instruments. Inputs to the pricing models include publicly available prices and forward price curves generated from a compilation of data gathered from third parties. Company management validates the data provided by third parties by understanding the pricing models used, obtaining market values from other pricing sources, analyzing pricing data in certain situations and confirming that those securities trade in active markets.
Asset Retirement Obligations
The Company accounts for its asset retirement obligations in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 410, Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations (ASC Topic 410). Asset retirement obligations consist of estimated costs of dismantlement, removal, site reclamation and similar activities associated with oil and gas properties. A liability is recorded when the fair value of the asset retirement obligation can be reasonably estimated and is recognized in the period in which a legal obligation is incurred. The liability amounts are based on retirement cost estimates and incorporate many assumptions, such as expected economic recoveries of oil and gas, time to abandonment, future inflation rates and the credit adjusted risk-free rate of interest.
The asset retirement obligation is recorded at its estimated present value as of the obligation’s inception with an offsetting increase to proved properties in the consolidated balance sheet. This addition to proved properties represents a non-cash investing activity for presentation in the consolidated statement of cash flows. After initially recording the liability, it accretes for the passage of time, with the increase reflected as accretion expense in the consolidated statement of operations.
Income Taxes
The Company is a limited liability company, and therefore will be treated as a flow-through entity for federal income tax purposes. As a result, the net taxable income of the Company and any related tax credits, for federal income tax purposes, are deemed to pass to the Members and are included in their tax returns even though such net taxable income or tax credits may not have actually been distributed. Accordingly, no tax provision has been made in the consolidated financial statements of the Company since the income tax is an obligation of the Members.
As the Company is not subject to federal income tax, but is subject to state margin tax, provisions for state margin taxes are based on taxes payable for the current year and deferred taxes on temporary differences between the amount of taxable margin and pretax financial income, and between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are included in the consolidated financial statements at currently enacted state margin tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for state margin taxes. At December 31, 2021, the Company recorded a liability for deferred state margin tax of $1,069,680.
The Company follows the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (ASC Topic 740), relating to accounting for uncertainties in income taxes. ASC Topic 740 clarifies the accounting for uncertainties in income taxes by prescribing a minimum recognition threshold that a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. ASC Topic 740 requires that the Company recognize in its consolidated financial statements the financial effects of a tax position, if that position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any appeals or litigation processes, based upon the technical merits of the position.
13
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
ASC Topic 740 also provides guidance on measurement, classification, interest and penalties and disclosure. Tax positions taken related to the Company’s pass-through status and those taken in determining its state income tax liability, including deductibility of expenses, have been reviewed and management is of the opinion that material positions taken by the Company would more likely than not be sustained upon examination. Accordingly, the Company has not recorded an income tax liability for uncertain tax positions.
Under the centralized LLC audit rules of the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), the IRS assesses and collects underpayments of tax from the LLC instead of from each member. The LLC may be able to pass the adjustments through to its members by making a push-out election or, if eligible, by electing out of the centralized LLC audit rules.
The collection of tax from the LLC is only an administrative convenience for the IRS to collect any underpayment of income taxes including interest and penalties. Income tax on LLC income, regardless of who pays the tax or when it is paid, is attributed to the members. Any payment made by the Company as a result of an IRS examination will be treated as a distribution from the Company to the members in the financial statements.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The FASB issued this Update to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. A lessee should recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from leases. A lessee should recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. When measuring assets and liabilities arising from a lease, a lessee (and a lessor) should include payments to be made in optional periods only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise an option to extend the lease or not to exercise an option to terminate the lease. Similarly, optional payments to purchase the underlying asset should be included in the measurement of lease assets and lease liabilities only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise that purchase option. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. If a lessee makes this election, it should recognize lease expense for such leases generally on a straight-line basis over the lease term. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. The Company is evaluating the effect of this pronouncement on the financial statements.
In October 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-17 Consolidation (Topic 810): Targeted Improvements to Related Party Guidance for Variable Interest Entities, which simplifies VIE guidance for private companies. Under this statement, a private company could make an accounting policy election to not apply VIE guidance to legal entities under common control (including common control leasing arrangements) when certain criteria are met. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2020 although the adoption did not have an impact on the presentation of the Company’s financial statements.
14
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Goodwill
The Company’s goodwill is derived from the acquisition of working interests in proved oil and gas properties that qualify for acquisition accounting treatment under the requirements of ASC Topic 805. Any excess of the purchase price over the fair value assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is considered to have an indefinite useful economic life and is not amortized, but tested for impairment annually or when events or circumstances indicate that the fair value of the asset has decreased below its carrying value. The Company follows ASC 350-20, which permits an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount by examining relevant events and circumstances which could have a negative impact on goodwill such as macroeconomic conditions, industry and market conditions, cost factors that have a negative effect on earnings and cash flows, overall financial performance, segment dispositions and acquisitions, and other relevant entity-specific events.
If the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the Company or relevant reporting unit is less than the carrying amount, a two-step goodwill impairment test is performed. Fair value is determined using applicable market-related valuation models, including earnings multiples, discounted cash flows, and comparable asset market values. The first step of the goodwill impairment test, used to identify potential impairment, compares the fair value the Company, or reporting unit, with its carrying amount including goodwill. If the fair value of the Company or reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill is not considered to be impaired, and the second step is not required. If necessary, the second step of the impairment test, used to measure the amount of impairment loss, compares the implied fair value of goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. If the carrying amount exceeds the implied fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the excess.
After assessing the totality of events and circumstances for the qualitative impairment assessment at December 31, 2021, the Company determined that performing the two-step goodwill impairment test was unnecessary. No goodwill impairment was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2021.
COVID-19
The novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic continued through 2021 and many uncertainties remain with respect to COVID-19 at December 31, 2021, including uncertainty regarding the length of time the pandemic will continue, as well as the timing, pace and extent of an economic recovery in the United States, Canada and elsewhere, and how such uncertainties will impact the energy industry and our business. As a result, these matters may affect our estimates and assumptions on the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes in the near term.
Subsequent Events
The Company evaluates subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure through the date the consolidated financial statements are available to be issued.
15
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 2. Related Party Transactions
Transactions between related parties are considered to be related party transactions even though they may not be given accounting recognition. FASB ASC Topic 850, Related Party Disclosures (ASC Topic 850) requires that transactions with related parties that would make a difference in decision making shall be disclosed so that users of the consolidated financial statements can evaluate their significance. Piedra Resources, LLC, EnCap Investments L.P. (and affiliates), Rock River Minerals, LP (Rock River), Piedra Energy IV, LLC (Piedra IV), Rock River Minerals IV, LP (Rock River IV) and members of Management Member are considered related parties under ASC Topic 850.
Certain members of Management Member are employees of the Company and are compensated based upon employment agreements. These agreements provide for a base salary, incentive compensation and health benefits.
At December 31, 2021, the Company had net accounts payable due to related parties of $38,043,156. The Management Services Agreement between Operating and Piedra Energy IV, LLC and Rock River Minerals IV, LP allows for an allocation of general and administrative expenses to Piedra IV and Rock River IV. During the year ended December 31, 2021, general and administrative expenses of $0 and $2,777,616 were allocated to Piedra IV and Rock River IV, respectively. At December 31, 2021, the Company had accounts receivable from Piedra IV and Rock River IV related to the allocation and other expenses of Piedra IV and Rock River IV paid on their behalf by Operating for $28,739 and $1,893,583, respectively, which is netted in accounts payable – related parties on the consolidated balance sheet.
The Management Services Agreement between Operating and Rock River allows for an allocation of general and administrative expenses to Rock River. During the year ended December 31, 2021, general and administrative expenses of $2,777,616 were allocated to Rock River. At December 31, 2021, the Company had accounts receivable from Rock River related to the allocation and other expenses of Rock River paid on its behalf by Operating and unprocessed revenue of $4,006,611, which is included in accounts payable – related parties on the consolidated balance sheet. The Company also had accounts payable to Rock River of $43,972,090 related to borrowings to finance drilling activity and for the purchase of certain royalty interests in Andrews County, Texas from Rock River.
The Company has a note payable to a related party which is under common management control dated January 1, 2019 for leasehold improvements in the amount of $311,744. The note has a five percent fixed interest rate and an outstanding balance at December 31, 2021 of $133,889, with the final payment on the note due December 31, 2023. The Company also charges this related party $11,668 each quarter for shared accounting and actual employee costs for asset management services.
16
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 3. Other Property and Equipment
Other property and equipment consists of the following at December 31, 2021:
| Computer hardware and software |
$ | 5,965,224 | ||
| Websites |
113,316 | |||
| Vehicles |
249,207 | |||
| Land |
90,890 | |||
| Leasehold improvements |
480,558 | |||
| Furniture and fixtures |
147,280 | |||
| Office equipment |
41,572 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| 7,088,047 | ||||
| Less: accumulated depreciation |
(5,386,751 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| $ | 1,701,296 | |||
|
|
|
Note 4. Fair Value Measurements
FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure (ASC Topic 820), defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC Topic 820 provides a framework for measuring fair value, establishes a three level hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date and requires consideration of the counterparty’s creditworthiness when valuing certain assets.
The three-level fair value hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements defined by ASC Topic 820 is as follows:
Level 1 inputs – Unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. An active market is defined as a market where transactions for the financial instrument occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
Level 2 inputs – Inputs, other than quoted prices within Level 1, that are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability through correlation with market data at the measurement date and for the duration of the instrument’s anticipated life.
Level 3 inputs – Prices or valuations that require unobservable inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable. Valuation under Level 3 generally involves a significant degree of judgment from management.
A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Where available, fair value is based on observable market prices or parameters or derived from such prices or parameters. Where observable prices or inputs are not available, valuation models are applied. These valuation techniques involve some level of management estimation and judgment, the degree of which is dependent on the price transparency for the instruments or market and the instrument’s complexity. The Company reflects transfers between the three levels at the beginning of the reporting period in which the availability of observable inputs no longer justifies classification in the original level. There were no transfers between fair value hierarchy levels for the year ended December 31, 2021.
17
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis
Financial Instruments
A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
The Company’s commodity derivative instruments were carried at fair value on a recurring basis in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Company uses certain pricing models to determine the fair value of its derivative financial instruments. Inputs to the pricing models include publicly available prices and forward price curves generated from a compilation of data gathered from third parties.
Company management validates the data provided by third parties by understanding the pricing models used, obtaining market values from other pricing sources, analyzing pricing data in certain situations and confirming that those securities trade in active markets. Assumed credit risk adjustments, based on published credit ratings and public bond yield spreads are applied to the Company’s commodity derivatives. The Company’s derivative instruments are subject to netting arrangements and qualify for net presentation in the consolidated balance sheets in those instances where such arrangements exist with the respective counterparty.
To ensure these derivative instruments are recorded at fair value, valuation adjustments may be required to reflect the creditworthiness of either party as well as market constraints on liquidity. Any such adjustment was not material as of December 31, 2021.
There were no derivative instruments outstanding at December 31, 2021.
Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis
Business Combinations
For transactions that qualify as business combinations, the Company records the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at fair value at the date of acquisition. Fair value may be estimated using comparable market data, a discounted cash flow method, or a combination of the two. In the discounted cash flow method, estimated future cash flows are based on management’s expectations for the future and include estimates of future oil and gas production, commodity prices based on commodity futures price strips as of the date of the estimate, operating and development costs, and a risk-adjusted discount rate. Significant Level 3 assumptions associated with the calculation of discounted cash flows used in the determination of fair value of the acquisition include the Company’s estimate of future natural gas and crude oil prices, operating and development costs, anticipated production of proved reserves, appropriate risk-adjusted discount rates and other relevant data.
Asset Retirement Obligation
The asset retirement obligation estimates are derived from historical costs and management’s expectation of future cost environments and, therefore, the Company has designated these liabilities as Level 3 measurements. The significant inputs to this fair value measurement include estimates of plugging, abandonment and remediation costs, well life, inflation and credit-adjusted risk free rate. See Note 6 for a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the liability for the Company’s asset retirement obligations.
18
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 5. Asset Retirement Obligations
The following are changes in the asset retirement obligation for the year ended December 31, 2021:
| Balance, January 1, 2021 |
$ | 10,648,189 | ||
| Liability incurred upon acquiring wells |
516,687 | |||
| Accretion expense |
466,570 | |||
| Liabilities for properties sold |
(568,198 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Balance, December 31, 2021 |
$ | 11,063,248 | ||
|
|
|
Based on the expected timing of settlement, all amounts are classified as non-current.
Note 6. State Margin Taxes
The Partnership follows the provisions of FASB ASC 740-10, Income Taxes, which provides for recognition of a deferred tax asset for deductible temporary differences, net of a valuation allowance, and recognition of a deferred tax liability for taxable temporary differences. The Partnership is not subject to federal income taxes.
The Partnership is subject to the Texas Margin Tax. The taxable margin on all income derived from operations in the State of Texas is taxed at a rate of 1%. The Partnership recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences related primarily to IDC, which are capitalized for financial statement purposes and are deducted for Texas Margin Tax purposes.
The provision for income taxes consists of deferred taxes and differs from amounts that would be calculated by applying state mandated rates on margin from income derived from operations in the State of Texas, due to the effect of various deductible and nondeductible items.
The provision for state margin taxes for December 31, 2021 of $1,084,750 consists of current state margin taxes of $15,070 and deferred state margin taxes of $1,069,680.
The tax effect of temporary differences in the timing of IDC expense deductions of $142,624,063 gives rise to significant portions of the deferred tax liability at December 31, 2021.
Note 7. Derivative Financial Instruments
In accordance with the credit agreement for the Revolving Credit Facility, the Company uses derivative financial instruments to limit its crude oil price exposure.
It is the Company’s policy to enter into derivative contracts only with counterparties that are creditworthy financial institutions deemed by management as competent and competitive.
19
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company is exposed to certain risks relating to its ongoing business operations, such as commodity price risk. Derivative contracts are utilized to economically hedge the Company’s exposure to price fluctuations and reduce the variability in the Company’s cash flows associated with anticipated sales of future oil and natural gas production. The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging (ASC Topic 815), to account for its derivative financial instruments.
The Company’s crude oil and natural gas derivative positions consist of options and swaps. The Company has elected not to designate any of its derivative contracts for hedge accounting. Accordingly, the Company records the net change in the mark-to-market valuation of these derivative contracts, as well as all payments and receipts on settled derivative contracts, in net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on commodity price hedging contracts on the consolidated statements of operations. All derivative contracts are recorded at fair market value and included in the consolidated balance sheet as assets or liabilities.
The Company may have multiple hedge positions that span a several-month time period and result in fair value asset and liability positions. At the end of the reporting periods, those positions are offset to a single fair value asset or liability for each commodity and the netted balance is reflected in the consolidated balance sheets as an asset or liability.
The following table summarizes the location and amounts of the Company’s realized and unrealized gains and losses on derivative contracts in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2021.
| Derivatives not designated as hedging contracts |
Consolidated Statement of Operations Location |
Loss Recognized | ||||
| Realized loss on commodity contracts |
Realized losses on derivative contracts | $ | (3,705,631 | ) | ||
The Company did not have any outstanding crude oil derivative contracts as of December 31, 2021.
Note 8. Bank Credit Facility
The Company entered into a bank credit facility on April 2, 2018. Pursuant to the credit agreement, from time to time, the Company may borrow the lesser of the available borrowing base, as determined by the credit agreement, or $100 million, which is the maximum borrowing capacity of the bank credit facility. The outstanding balance is $20 million at December 31, 2021 which is due at maturity on April 2, 2024. The bank credit facility is secured by substantially all of the Company’s oil and gas properties. There are no letters of credit outstanding under the bank credit facility at December 31, 2021.
The Company may elect that borrowings be comprised of any combination of adjusted base rate (ABR) loans or adjusted LIBOR rate loans. The Company pays interest on the unpaid principal amount of each loan until such principal amount is repaid in full. Interest on the loans is determined as follows:
| • | with respect to ABR loans, the adjusted base rate equals the U.S. Prime Rate as published by The Wall Street Journal, plus an applicable margin ranging from and including 0.5% and 1.25% per annum, determined by the percentage of the borrowing base then in effect that is drawn, or |
20
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
| • | with respect to any adjusted LIBOR rate loans, one-, two-, three- or six-month LIBOR plus the LIBOR Spread ranging from and including 1.00% and 3.25% per annum, determined by the percentage of the borrowing base then in effect that is drawn. However, the LIBOR rate shall never fall below a floor rate of 1.00% per annum. |
In addition, the Company paid a commitment fee of 0.30%, on the total amount of the borrowing base ($35,000,000) for the three year extension of the maturity date. Commitment fees are also considered interest expense. Interest expense related to the bank credit facility for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $525,889. The effective interest rate at December 31, 2021 was 4%.
Note 9. Significant Concentrations
As of and for the year ended December 31, 2021, all the Company’s sales and accounts receivable – oil and gas sales were related to oil and gas production in the oil and gas industry. This concentration may impact the Company’s business risk, either positively or negatively, in that commodity prices, customers and suppliers may be similarly affected by changes in economic, political or other conditions related to the industry. The Company’s revenues are all from oil and gas production in the Permian Basin of West Texas which exposes the Company to geographic risk in the event that there are changes in this region. The Company sold production comprising 79% of oil and gas receivables and revenues to one third-party purchaser as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021. The Company does not believe that the loss of a purchaser would have an adverse effect on its ability to sell its crude oil and natural gas production due to the competitive nature of the oil and gas industry and availability of marketing alternatives.
The Company regularly maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts, which at times may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses with respect to the related risks to cash and cash equivalents and does not believe its exposure to such risk is more than nominal.
Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies
Legal Matters
In the ordinary course of business, the Company may at times be subject to claims and legal actions. Management does not believe the impact of such matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. The Company had no legal matters requiring specific disclosure or recognition of a liability as of December 31, 2021.
Environmental
The Company is subject to extensive federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations which may materially affect its operations. These laws, which are constantly changing, regulate the discharge of materials into the environment and may require the Company to remove or mitigate the environmental effects of the disposal or release of petroleum or chemical substances at various sites.
In the Company’s acquisition of existing or previously drilled well bores, the Company may not be aware of what environmental safeguards were taken at the time such wells were drilled or during such time the wells were operated. However, should it be determined that a liability exists with respect to any environmental cleanup or restoration, the liability to cure such a violation could still fall upon the Company.
21
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
No claim has been made, nor is the Company aware of any liability which the Company may have, as it relates to any environmental cleanup, restoration, or the violation of any rules or regulations relating thereto. The Company maintains comprehensive insurance coverage that it believes is adequate to mitigate the risk of any adverse financial effects associated with these risks.
Operating Leases
Effective March 1, 2018, the Company signed an amended operating lease for office space which expires in 2023. Rent expense under the lease for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $393,781 and is recorded in general and administrative expenses.
Future minimum non-cancelable rental payments for the remainder of the lease are as follows:
| Year ending December 31, | ||||
| 2022 |
293,274 | |||
| 2023 |
49,109 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| $ | 342,383 | |||
|
|
|
|||
Note 11. Defined Contribution Plan
The Company sponsors a 401(k) defined contribution plan for the benefit of all employees through Insperity. The plan is intended to provide participating employees with benefits upon retirement, in compliance with the Internal Revenue Code. Employees could contribute up to $19,500 with an additional “catch up” amount of $6,500 for employees over 50 years of age or older for the year of December 31, 2021. The Company matches employee contributions 100%, up to 3% of total compensation, and 50%, up to 5% of total compensation and has contributed $160,570 for the year ended December 31, 2021. Employee contributions are fully vested at all times.
Note 12. Members’ Equity Accounts
Capital contributions will be based on capital calls, to be determined by the board of managers. Contribution requests to the Members will be based on their commitment and any items in nature of income or gain will be applied to the Members’ capital accounts in accordance with their earnings interest, as defined by the Agreement.
The Company has three classes of members’ equity, Classes A, B and C Units. Class A and B Units have all the rights, privileges, preferences and obligations provided for in the Agreement, which are consistent with an ordinary equity ownership interest. Class A Units are a class of up to 1,880,000 membership interests to be issued to EnCap. Class B Units are a class of up to 120,000 membership interests to be issued to the Management Member. The purchase price per each Class A and Class B Units is $100. At December 31, 2021, EnCap has purchased 1,099,796 Class A Units for a total of $109,979,573 and Management Member has purchased 46,583 Class B Units for a total of $4,238,271. The Members have also contributed mineral interests of $7,577,111 to the Company. Class C units do not have voting rights and holders are not required to make any form of contribution to the Company. Class C unit holders do not have a risk of loss and will only be entitled to share in distributions and allocations if and to the extent the Board of Managers makes such distribution and applicable thresholds have been met. As such, the Class C units are treated as a profit-sharing arrangement accounted for under FASB ASC Topic 710, Compensation – General, which will be expensed to compensation as declared.
22
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 13. Subsequent Events
The Company has evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure through March 16, 2022, the date the consolidated financial statements were available to be issued. During this period, the Company did not have any material recognizable subsequent events other than the following:
| • | In 2022 the Company entered into additional derivative contracts to limit its crude oil price exposure, as detailed in the tables below: |
| Period |
Type of Contract |
Index |
Volume BBls |
Weighted Average Fixed Price |
||||||||
| February 2022 |
Swap | NYMEX WTI CMA | 77,000 | $ | 79.60 | |||||||
| March 2022 |
Swap | NYMEX WTI CMA | 68,000 | $ | 79.60 | |||||||
| April 2022 |
Swap | NYMEX WTI CMA | 75,000 | $ | 79.60 | |||||||
| May 2022 |
Swap | NYMEX WTI CMA | 94,000 | $ | 79.60 | |||||||
| June 2022 |
Swap | NYMEX WTI CMA | 92,000 | $ | 79.60 | |||||||
| July 2022 |
Swap | NYMEX WTI CMA | 91,000 | $ | 79.60 | |||||||
| Period |
Type of Contract |
Index |
Volume BBls |
Strike Price |
||||||||
| August 2022 |
Put | NYMEX WTI CMA | 31,000 | $ | 70.00 | |||||||
| August 2022 |
Call | NYMEX WTI CMA | 31,000 | $ | 93.75 | |||||||
| September 2022 |
Put | NYMEX WTI CMA | 28,000 | $ | 70.00 | |||||||
| September 2022 |
Call | NYMEX WTI CMA | 28,000 | $ | 93.75 | |||||||
| October 2022 |
Put | NYMEX WTI CMA | 26,000 | $ | 70.00 | |||||||
| October 2022 |
Call | NYMEX WTI CMA | 26,000 | $ | 93.75 | |||||||
| November 2022 |
Put | NYMEX WTI CMA | 23,000 | $ | 70.00 | |||||||
| November 2022 |
Call | NYMEX WTI CMA | 23,000 | $ | 93.75 | |||||||
| December 2022 |
Put | NYMEX WTI CMA | 21,000 | $ | 70.00 | |||||||
| December 2022 |
Call | NYMEX WTI CMA | 21,000 | $ | 93.75 | |||||||
23
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
| Period |
Type of Contract |
Index |
Volume BBls |
Strike Price |
||||||||
| August 2022 |
Put | NYMEX WTI CMA | 27,000 | $ | 80.00 | |||||||
| August 2022 |
Call | NYMEX WTI CMA | 27,000 | $ | 112.50 | |||||||
| September 2022 |
Put | NYMEX WTI CMA | 24,000 | $ | 80.00 | |||||||
| September 2022 |
Call | NYMEX WTI CMA | 24,000 | $ | 112.50 | |||||||
| October 2022 |
Put | NYMEX WTI CMA | 22,000 | $ | 80.00 | |||||||
| October 2022 |
Call | NYMEX WTI CMA | 22,000 | $ | 112.50 | |||||||
| November 2022 |
Put | NYMEX WTI CMA | 19,000 | $ | 80.00 | |||||||
| November 2022 |
Call | NYMEX WTI CMA | 19,000 | $ | 112.50 | |||||||
| December 2022 |
Put | NYMEX WTI CMA | 20,000 | $ | 80.00 | |||||||
| December 2022 |
Call | NYMEX WTI CMA | 20,000 | $ | 112.50 | |||||||
24
Exhibit 99.5
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Supplemental Crude Oil and Natural Gas Information (Unaudited)
Net Proved Oil and Natural Gas Reserves
Russell K. Hall and Associates, Inc., the Company’s independent reserve engineers, estimated 100% of the Company’s proved reserves as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. In accordance with SEC regulations, the reserves as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were estimated using realized prices, which reflect adjustments to the benchmark prices for quality, certain transportation fees, geographical differentials, marketing bonuses or deductions and other factors affecting the price received at the delivery point. The Company’s reserves are reported in two streams; crude oil and natural gas.
The SEC has defined proved reserves as the estimated quantities of crude oil and natural gas that geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. The process of estimating crude oil and natural gas reserves is complex, requiring significant decisions in the evaluation of available geological, geophysical, engineering and economic data. The data for a given property may also change substantially over time as a result of numerous factors, including additional development activity, evolving production history and a continual reassessment of the viability of production under changing economic conditions. As a result, material revisions to existing reserve estimates occur from time to time. Although every reasonable effort is made to ensure that reserve estimates reported represent the most accurate assessments possible, the subjective decisions and variances in available data for various properties increase the likelihood of significant changes in these estimates. If such changes are material, they could significantly affect future amortization of capitalized costs and result in impairment of assets that may be material.
The following tables provide an analysis of the changes in estimated proved reserve quantities of crude oil and natural gas for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, all of which are located within the United States:
| Year ended December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Crude Oil (Bbl) |
Natural Gas (Mcf) |
Total Boe |
||||||||||
| Proved reserves as of December 31, 2021 |
21,351,456 | 50,212,232 | 29,720,161 | |||||||||
| Revisions of previous estimates |
(2,949,908 | ) | (25,496,299 | ) | (7,199,291 | ) | ||||||
| Extensions, discoveries and other additions |
54,850,871 | 121,086,688 | 75,031,986 | |||||||||
| Production |
(2,908,339 | ) | (1,503,593 | ) | (3,158,938 | ) | ||||||
| Sales of minerals in place |
— | — | — | |||||||||
| Purchase of minerals in place |
— | — | — | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Proved reserves as of December 31, 2022 |
70,344,080 | 144,299,028 | 94,393,918 | |||||||||
| Proved developed reserves |
||||||||||||
| Beginning of year |
14,428,537 | 31,736,260 | 19,717,913 | |||||||||
| End of year |
16,281,011 | 25,147,829 | 20,472,316 | |||||||||
| Proved undeveloped reserves |
||||||||||||
| Beginning of year |
6,922,919 | 18,475,972 | 10,002,248 | |||||||||
| End of year |
54,063,069 | 119,151,199 | 73,921,602 | |||||||||
1
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
| Year ended December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||
| Crude Oil (Bbl) |
Natural Gas (Mcf) |
Total Boe |
||||||||||
| Proved reserves as of December 31, 2020 |
18,864,542 | 42,557,929 | 25,957,530 | |||||||||
| Revisions of previous estimates |
(1,541,282 | ) | (5,788,624 | ) | (2,506,053 | ) | ||||||
| Extensions, discoveries and other additions |
5,134,556 | 13,984,306 | 7,465,274 | |||||||||
| Production |
(1,106,360 | ) | (541,379 | ) | (1,196,590 | ) | ||||||
| Sales of minerals in place |
— | — | — | |||||||||
| Purchase of minerals in place |
— | — | — | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Proved reserves as of December 31, 2021 |
21,351,456 | 50,212,232 | 29,720,161 | |||||||||
| Proved developed reserves |
||||||||||||
| Beginning of year |
5,231,556 | 9,194,228 | 6,763,927 | |||||||||
| End of year |
14,428,537 | 31,736,260 | 19,717,913 | |||||||||
| Proved undeveloped reserves |
||||||||||||
| Beginning of year |
13,632,986 | 33,363,701 | 19,193,603 | |||||||||
| End of year |
6,922,919 | 18,475,972 | 10,002,248 | |||||||||
For the year ended December 31, 2022, extensions, discoveries and other additions resulted primarily from 170 new proved undeveloped locations in the Permian Basin contributing additional reserves of 73.9 million Boe.
For the year ended December 31, 2021, extensions, discoveries and other additions resulted primarily from 12 new unproved undeveloped locations in the Permian Basin contributing additional reserves of 6.9 million Boe.
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved crude oil and natural gas reserves
The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows does not purport to be, nor should it be interpreted to present, the fair value of the oil and natural gas reserves of the property. An estimate of fair value would take into account, among other things, the recovery of reserves not presently classified as proved, the value of proved properties and consideration of expected future economic and operating conditions.
The estimates of future cash flows and future production and development costs as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 are based on realized prices, which reflect adjustments to the benchmark prices for quality, certain transportation fees, geographical differentials, marketing bonuses or deductions and other factors affecting the price received at the delivery point. All realized prices are held flat over the forecast period for all reserve categories in calculating the discounted future net cash flows. Any effect from the Company’s commodity hedges is excluded. In accordance with SEC regulations, the proved reserves were anticipated to be economically producible from the “as of date” forward based on existing economic conditions, including prices and costs at which economic producibility from a reservoir was determined. These costs, held flat over the forecast period, include development costs, operating costs, ad valorem and production taxes and abandonment costs after salvage. Future income tax expenses would have been computed using the appropriate year-end statutory tax rates applied to the future pretax net cash flows from proved oil and natural gas reserves, less the tax basis of the Company’s oil and natural gas properties. The estimated future net cash flows are then discounted at a rate of 10%.
2
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
The following table presents the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved oil and natural gas reserves for the periods presented (in thousands):
| December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Future cash inflows |
$ | 7,627,365 | $ | 1,661,600 | ||||
| Future production costs |
(1,694,339 | ) | (338,698 | ) | ||||
| Future development and abandonment costs |
(1,131,212 | ) | (143,352 | ) | ||||
| Future income taxes |
(40,044 | ) | (8,723 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Future net cash flows |
4,761,770 | 1,170,827 | ||||||
| 10% annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows |
(2,465,227 | ) | (529,235 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows |
$ | 2,296,543 | $ | 641,592 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
It is not intended that the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows represent the fair market value of the Company’s proved reserves. The Company cautions that the disclosures shown are based on estimates of proved reserve quantities and future production schedules which are inherently imprecise and subject to revision, and the 10% discount rate is arbitrary. In addition, prices and costs as of the measurement date are used in the determinations, and no value may be assigned to probable or possible reserves.
The following table presents the changes in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved oil and natural gas reserves for the periods presented (in thousands):
| December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows at January 1 |
$ | 641,592 | $ | 166,623 | ||||
| Net change in prices and production costs |
320,988 | 350,897 | ||||||
| Changes in estimated future development and abandonment costs |
(114 | ) | 38,499 | |||||
| Sales of crude oil and natural gas produced, net of production costs |
(228,872 | ) | (61,546 | ) | ||||
| Extensions, discoveries and improved recoveries, less related costs |
1,567,295 | 133,075 | ||||||
| Purchases (sales) of minerals in place, net |
— | — | ||||||
| Revisions of previous quantity estimates |
(186,115 | ) | (33,227 | ) | ||||
| Development costs incurred during the period |
131,593 | 83,179 | ||||||
| Change in income taxes |
(15,266 | ) | (2,421 | ) | ||||
| Accretion of discount |
64,641 | 16,903 | ||||||
| Change in timing of estimated future production and other |
801 | (50,390 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net change |
1,654,951 | 474,969 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows at December 31 |
$ | 2,296,543 | $ | 641,592 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
3
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Estimates of economically recoverable oil and natural gas reserves and of future net cash flows are based upon a number of variable factors and assumptions, all of which are, to some degree, subjective and may vary considerably from actual results. Therefore, actual production, revenues, development and operating expenditures may not occur as estimated. The reserve data are estimates only, are subject to many uncertainties and are based on data gained from production histories and on assumptions as to geologic formations and other matters. Actual quantities of oil and natural gas may differ materially from the amounts estimated.
4
Exhibit 99.6
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Financial Report
December 31, 2022
Independent Auditor’s Report
To the Members of
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Opinion
We have audited the financial statements of Piedra Energy IV, LLC (the Company) which comprise the balance sheet as of December 31, 2022, and the related statements of operations, members’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended, and the related notes to the financial statements.
In our opinion, the accompanying financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Piedra Energy IV, LLC as of December 31, 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAS). Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. We are required to be independent of the Company and to meet our other ethical responsibilities, in accordance with the relevant ethical requirements relating to our audit. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.
Responsibilities of Management for the Financial Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and for the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, management is required to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (or when applicable, one year after the date that the financial statements are available to be issued).
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not absolute assurance and therefore is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with GAAS will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. Misstatements are considered material if there is a substantial likelihood that, individually or in the aggregate, they would influence the judgment made by a reasonable user based on the financial statements.
Weaver and Tidwell, L.L.P.
400 West Illinois Avenue, Suite 1550 | Midland, Texas 79701
Main: 432.683.5226
CPAs AND ADVISORS | WEAVER.COM
The Members of
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
In performing an audit in accordance with GAAS, we:
| • | Exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. |
| • | Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, and design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. |
| • | Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control. Accordingly, no such opinion is expressed. |
| • | Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluate the overall presentation of the financial statements. |
| • | Conclude whether, in our judgment, there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time. |
We are required to communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit, significant audit findings, and certain internal control–related matters that we identified during the audit.
WEAVER AND TIDWELL, L.L.P
Midland, Texas
March 17, 2023
2
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Balance Sheet
December 31, 2022
| ASSETS | ||||
| CURRENT ASSETS |
||||
| Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 12,295,453 | ||
| Accounts receivable - oil and gas sales |
566,131 | |||
| Prepaid expenses and other |
3,213 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total current assets |
12,864,797 | |||
| OIL AND GAS PROPERTIES, successful efforts method |
||||
| Proved properties |
56,689,630 | |||
| Unproved properties |
137,701,327 | |||
| Lease and well equipment |
4,694,802 | |||
| Tubular stock |
3,774,027 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Less: accumulated depletion, depreciation, amortization and impairment |
(166,522 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Oil and gas properties, net |
202,693,264 | |||
| NON-CURRENT ASSETS |
||||
| Deferred financing costs, net |
533,494 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| TOTAL ASSETS |
$ | 216,091,555 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY | ||||
| CURRENT LIABILITIES |
||||
| Accounts payable |
330,008 | |||
| Accounts payable - related parties |
72,921,406 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total current liabilities |
73,251,414 | |||
| NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES |
||||
| Asset retirement obligations |
268,349 | |||
| Line of credit |
30,000,000 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total non-current liabilities |
30,268,349 | |||
| MEMBERS’ EQUITY |
112,571,792 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| TOTAL LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY |
$ | 216,091,555 | ||
|
|
|
|||
The Notes to the Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
3
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Statement of Operations
Year ended December 31, 2022
| REVENUES |
||||
| Oil sales |
$ | 775,167 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Total revenues |
775,167 | |||
| EXPENSES |
||||
| General and administrative expenses |
1,905,133 | |||
| Oil and gas production costs |
522,269 | |||
| Oil and gas production taxes |
36,437 | |||
| Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
166,522 | |||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligation |
8,911 | |||
| Abandoned project costs |
11,744 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total expenses |
2,651,016 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| OPERATING LOSS |
(1,875,850 | ) | ||
| OTHER INCOME/(EXPENSE) |
||||
| Interest income |
61,767 | |||
| Interest expense |
(88,301 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Total other expense |
(26,534 | ) | ||
| NET LOSS |
$ | (1,902,384 | ) | |
|
|
|
|||
The Notes to the Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
4
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Statement of Members’ Equity
Year ended December 31, 2022
| BALANCE, January 1, 2022 |
$ | 60,344 | ||
| Contributions |
114,413,832 | |||
| Net loss |
(1,902,384 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| BALANCE, December 31, 2022 |
$ | 112,571,792 | ||
|
|
|
The Notes to the Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
5
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Statement of Cash Flows
Year ended December 31, 2022
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
||||
| Net loss |
$ | (1,902,384 | ) | |
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash from operating activities |
||||
| Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
166,522 | |||
| Amortization of deferred financing costs |
23,195 | |||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligation |
8,911 | |||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities |
||||
| Accounts receivable - oil and gas sales |
(566,131 | ) | ||
| Accounts payable - related parties |
(414,508 | ) | ||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
330,007 | |||
| Prepaid expenses and other |
(3,163 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Net cash used in operating activities |
(2,357,551 | ) | ||
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
||||
| Acquisitions of oil and gas properties |
(139,353,554 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Net cash used in investing activities |
(139,353,554 | ) | ||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||
| Contributions |
114,413,832 | |||
| Proceeds from issuance of debt |
30,000,000 | |||
| Proceeds from related party borrowings |
10,060,382 | |||
| Payment of debt issue costs |
(556,689 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Net cash provided by financing activities |
153,917,525 | |||
| Net increase in cash and cash equivalents |
12,206,420 | |||
| CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of the period |
89,033 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of the period |
$ | 12,295,453 | ||
|
|
|
|||
The Notes to the Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
6
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Statement of Cash Flows
Year ended December 31, 2022
| SUPPLEMENTAL SCHEDULE OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||
| Capital expenditures accrued in accounts payable at period-end |
$ | 63,246,793 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| OTHER SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION |
||||
| Interest paid |
$ | — | ||
|
|
|
The Notes to the Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
7
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Nature of Operations
Piedra Energy IV, LLC (Piedra, the Company) is a Delaware limited liability company formed October 11, 2018 to acquire, maintain, drill, develop, and operate oil and gas interests in the continental United States. The Company’s assets are located in the Permian Basin.
The Company is owned by EnCap Energy Capital Fund XI, L.P. (95.2381%, EnCap) and Piedra Resources IV, LLC (4.7619%, Management Member), which is owned by certain members of management (collectively, the Investor Group or Members). Management Member manages the Company on behalf of the other Members. A five-member board of managers governs the actions of the Company. Under the terms of the Limited Liability Company Agreement (the Agreement), the Investor Group has committed to contribute up to $302.0 million to the Company and Rock River Minerals IV, LP, a related party. Of this commitment amount, the Investor Group contributed $116 million to the Company through December 31, 2022. The Investor Group had a remaining commitment to the Company and Rock River Minerals IV, LP of $40 million at December 31, 2022. The term of the Company is to continue until terminated by the board of managers and/or per the terms of the Agreement.
Piedra Operating, LLC (Operating) acts as the operator of the properties owned by the Company in accordance with the terms of a service and operating agreement effective August 8, 2018.
Estimates and Uncertainties
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Significant assumptions are required in the valuation of proved oil and gas reserves which may affect the amount at which oil and gas properties, provisions for depreciation, depletion and amortization, and impairment of oil and gas properties are recorded. Estimation of asset retirement obligations is based on estimates regarding the timing and cost of future asset abandonments. Estimation of production volumes near period end is required in order to determine the amount of oil and gas revenue receivable at period end. It is possible these estimates could be revised in the near-term and these revisions could be material.
Oil and Gas Properties
The Company uses the successful efforts method of accounting for its oil and gas exploration and production activities. Costs incurred by the Company related to the acquisition of oil and gas properties and the cost of drilling development wells and successful exploratory wells are capitalized, while the costs of unsuccessful exploratory wells are expensed when determined to be unsuccessful. Costs incurred to maintain wells and related equipment, lease and well operating costs and other exploration costs are charged to expense as incurred. Gains and losses arising from sales of properties are generally included as income.
8
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
Capitalized acquisition costs attributable to proved oil and gas properties are depleted by field using the unit-of-production method based on proved reserves. Capitalized exploration well costs and development costs, including asset retirement obligations, are amortized similarly by field, based on proved developed reserves. Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense for oil and gas producing property and related equipment was $189,717 for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company had capitalized costs related to proved properties and related equipment of $61,384,432 at December 31, 2022.
Capitalized costs are evaluated for impairment in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 360 (ASC Topic 360), Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long Lived Assets, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an asset’s carrying amount may not be recoverable.
The fair values of proved properties are measured using valuation techniques consistent with the income approach, converting future cash flows to a single discounted amount. Significant inputs used to determine the fair values of proved properties include estimates of: (i) reserves; (ii) future operating and development costs; (iii) future commodity prices; and (iv) a market-based weighted average cost of capital rate. The underlying commodity prices embedded in the Company’s estimated cash flows are the product of a process that begins with applicable forward curve pricing, adjusted for estimated location and quality differentials, as well as other factors that Company management believes will impact realizable prices.
To determine if a depletable unit is impaired, the carrying value of the depletable unit is compared to the undiscounted future net cash flows by applying management’s estimates of future oil and gas prices to the estimated future production of oil and gas reserves over the economic life of the property and deducting future costs. Future net cash flows are based upon reservoir engineers’ estimates of proved reserves. For a property determined to be impaired, an impairment loss equal to the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the impaired property will be recognized. Fair value, on a depletable unit basis, is estimated to be the present value of the aforementioned expected future net cash flows. Each part of this calculation is subject to a large degree of judgment, including the determination of the depletable units’ estimated reserves, future net cash flows and fair value. No impairment was recognized for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Costs of unproved properties at December 31, 2022 represent amounts related to lease and well equipment and intangible drilling costs for wells in progress. Unproved oil and gas lease terms are generally for a period of three to five years. In most cases, the term of the unproved leases can be extended by paying delay rentals, meeting contractual drilling obligations or by producing reserves on the leases. As properties are evaluated through exploration, they will be included in the amortization base. Unproved properties are assessed periodically to determine whether they have been impaired. The prospects and their related costs are evaluated individually.
The Company maintains tubular stock purchased for use in the course of exploration, development and production of oil and gas. Tubular stock is carried at cost and reviewed periodically for impairment, if indicators exist, at which point the Company will recognize an impairment expense for the difference between the fair value and carrying value of the tubular stock. The cost basis of tubular stock to be utilized is depleted as a component of oil and gas properties once the tubular stock is used in drilling or other capitalized operations. At December 31, 2022, the Company had tubular stock on hand of $3,774,027.
9
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
Revenue Recognition
Recognition of revenue involves a five step approach including identifying the contract, identifying the separate performance obligations, determining the transaction price, allocating the price to the performance obligations and recognizing revenue as the obligations are satisfied.
Revenues from the Company’s royalty and non-operated working interest properties are recorded under the cash receipts approach as directly received from the remitters’ statement accompanying the revenue check. Since the revenue checks are generally received two to four months after the production month, the Company accrues for revenue earned but not received by estimating production volumes and product prices. Any identified differences between its revenue estimates and actual revenue received historically have not been significant.
The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations under its contracts with customers as it applies the practical exemption in accordance with ASC 606. The exemption, as described in ASC 606-10-50-14(a), applies to variable consideration that is recognized as control of the product is transferred to the customer. Since each unit of product represents a separate performance obligation, future volumes are wholly unsatisfied and disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations is not required.
In accordance with ASC Topic 606, the Company records transportation and processing costs that are incurred after control of its product has transferred to the customer as a reduction of “Oil sales” in the Statement of Operations.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Accounts Receivable
The Company sells oil and gas to various customers and participates with other parties in the drilling, completion and operation of oil and gas wells. Joint interest owner receivables and oil and gas sales receivables related to these operations are generally unsecured. The Company determines joint interest owner accounts receivable allowances based on management’s assessment of the creditworthiness of the joint interest owners and the Company’s ability to realize the receivables through netting of anticipated future production revenues. The Company had no allowance for doubtful accounts at December 31, 2022 based on the expectation that all receivables will be collected. The Company has not realized bad debt expense during the year ended December 31, 2022. The opening balance of customer accounts receivable on January 1, 2022 was $0.
Deferred Financing Costs
Deferred financing costs consist of fees incurred to secure debt financing and are amortized over the life of the related loans using the straight-line method. Deferred financing costs were $533,494, net of accumulated amortization of $23,195 at December 31, 2022. Amortization of deferred financing costs totaled $23,195 for the year ended December 31, 2022 and was recorded as interest expense in the statement of operations.
10
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
Accounts Payable
Accounts payable – related parties include obligations incurred in the ordinary operation of the business for services performed and products received paid by Operating on its behalf.
Asset Retirement Obligations
The Company accounts for its asset retirement obligations in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 410, Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations (ASC Topic 410). Asset retirement obligations consist of estimated costs of dismantlement, removal, site reclamation and similar activities associated with oil and gas properties. A liability is recorded when the fair value of the asset retirement obligation can be reasonably estimated and is recognized in the period in which a legal obligation is incurred. The liability amounts are based on retirement cost estimates and incorporate many assumptions, such as expected economic recoveries of oil and gas, time to abandonment, future inflation rates and the credit adjusted risk-free rate of interest.
The asset retirement obligation is recorded at its estimated present value as of the obligation’s inception with an offsetting increase to proved properties in the balance sheet. This addition to proved properties represents a non-cash investing activity for presentation in the statement of cash flows. After initially recording the liability, it accretes for the passage of time, with the increase reflected as accretion expense in the statement of operations.
Income Taxes
The Company is a limited liability company, and therefore will be treated as a flow-through entity for federal income tax purposes. As a result, the net taxable income of the Company and any related tax credits, for federal income tax purposes, are deemed to pass to the Members and are included in their tax returns even though such net taxable income or tax credits may not have actually been distributed. Accordingly, no federal income tax provision has been made in the financial statements of the Company since the federal income tax is an obligation of the Members.
At December 31, 2022, the Company did not have any accrued expense for taxes due to the State of Texas for Texas margin tax.
As the Company is not subject to federal income tax, but is subject to state margin tax, provisions for state margin taxes are based on taxes payable for the current year and deferred taxes on temporary differences between the amount of taxable margin and pretax financial income, and between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are included in the financial statements at currently enacted state margin tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for state margin taxes. At December 31, 2022, the Company had not recorded a liability for deferred state margin tax as the liability is not material.
11
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
The Company follows the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (ASC Topic 740), relating to accounting for uncertainties in income taxes. ASC Topic 740 clarifies the accounting for uncertainties in income taxes by prescribing a minimum recognition threshold that a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. ASC Topic 740 requires that the Company recognize in its financial statements the financial effects of a tax position, if that position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any appeals or litigation processes, based upon the technical merits of the position.
ASC Topic 740 also provides guidance on measurement, classification, interest and penalties and disclosure. Tax positions taken related to the Company’s pass-through status and those taken in determining its state income tax liability, including deductibility of expenses, have been reviewed and management is of the opinion that material positions taken by the Company would more likely than not be sustained upon examination. Accordingly, the Company has not recorded an income tax liability for uncertain tax positions.
Under the centralized partnership audit rules of the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), the IRS assesses and collects underpayments of tax from the LLC instead of from each member. The LLC may be able to pass the adjustments through to its members by making a push-out election or, if eligible, by electing out of the centralized partnership audit rules.
The collection of tax from the LLC is only an administrative convenience for the IRS to collect any underpayment of income taxes including interest and penalties. Income tax on LLC income, regardless of who pays the tax or when it is paid, is attributed to the members. Any payment made by the Company as a result of an IRS examination will be treated as a distribution from the Company to the members in the financial statements.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The FASB is issuing this Update to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. A lessee should recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from leases. A lessee should recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. When measuring assets and liabilities arising from a lease, a lessee (and a lessor) should include payments to be made in optional periods only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise an option to extend the lease or not to exercise an option to terminate the lease. Similarly, optional payments to purchase the underlying asset should be included in the measurement of lease assets and lease liabilities only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise that purchase option. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. If a lessee makes this election, it should recognize lease expense for such leases generally on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 effective January 1, 2022.
12
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
In October 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-17 Consolidation (Topic 810): Targeted Improvements to Related Party Guidance for Variable Interest Entities, which simplifies VIE guidance for private companies. Under this statement, a private company could make an accounting policy election to not apply VIE guidance to legal entities under common control (including common control leasing arrangements) when certain criteria are met. This statement is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2020 although the adoption did not have an impact on the presentation of the Company’s financial statements.
Subsequent Events
The Company evaluates subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure through the date the financial statements are available to be issued.
Note 2. Acquisition of Oil and Gas Property
The Company acquired undeveloped leasehold in Andrews County, Texas, containing approximately 2,589 acres for $33,495,475 and contracts for development from University Lands covering an additional approximately 405 acres for $819,240 during 2022.
Note 3. Related Party Transactions
As of December 31, 2022, the Company had accounts payable due to related parties of $72,921,406. These are presented in accounts payable – related parties on the balance sheet. At December 31, 2022 the Company had accounts payable due to Operating of $58,971,874 related to joint interest billings and accrued expenses for oil and gas operations and $5,220,706 related to the allocation of general and administrative expenses and other expenses paid on its behalf by Operating. During the year ended December 31, 2022, Piedra Operating paid general and administrative expenses totaling $35,065 on behalf of the Company. The Company is subject to the Management Services Agreement with Piedra Operating, LLC, which allows for an allocation of general and administrative expenses to the Company. During the year ended December 31, 2022, general and administrative expenses of $1,859,469 were allocated to the Company. In addition, the Company had accounts payable to Rock River IV related to loans from Rock RIver IV of $10,068,876 for operating expenses and accounts receivable due from Piedra Resources IV of $1,340,050 for contributions from members.
Note 4. Fair Value Measurements
FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure (ASC Topic 820), defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC Topic 820 provides a framework for measuring fair value, establishes a three level hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date and requires consideration of the counterparty’s creditworthiness when valuing certain assets.
13
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
The three-level fair value hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements defined by ASC Topic 820 is as follows:
Level 1 inputs – Unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. An active market is defined as a market where transactions for the financial instrument occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
Level 2 inputs – Inputs, other than quoted prices within Level 1, that are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability through correlation with market data at the measurement date and for the duration of the instrument’s anticipated life.
Level 3 inputs – Prices or valuations that require unobservable inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable. Valuation under Level 3 generally involves a significant degree of judgment from management.
Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis
Asset Retirement Obligation
The asset retirement obligation estimates are derived from historical costs and management’s expectation of future cost environments and, therefore, the Company has designated these liabilities as Level 3 measurements. The significant inputs to this fair value measurement include estimates of plugging, abandonment and remediation costs, well life, inflation and credit-adjusted risk free rate. See Note 7 for a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the liability for the Company’s asset retirement obligations.
Note 5. Asset Retirement Obligations
The following are changes in the asset retirement obligation for the year ended December 31, 2022:
| Balance, January 1, 2022 |
$ | — | ||
| Liability incurred upon acquiring wells |
259,438 | |||
| Accretion expense |
8,911 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Balance, December 31, 2022 |
$ | 268,349 | ||
|
|
|
Based on the expected timing of settlement, all amounts are classified as non-current.
Note 6. State Margin Taxes
The Company follows the provisions of FASB ASC 740-10, Income Taxes, which provides for recognition of a deferred tax asset for deductible temporary differences, net of a valuation allowance, and recognition of a deferred tax liability for taxable temporary differences. The Company is not subject to federal income taxes.
The Company is subject to the Texas Margin Tax. The taxable margin on all income derived from operations in the State of Texas is taxed at a rate of 1%. The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences related primarily to IDC, which are capitalized for financial statement purposes and are deducted for Texas Margin Tax purposes.
14
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
The provision for income taxes consists of deferred taxes and differs from amounts that would be calculated by applying state mandated rates on margin from income derived from operations in the State of Texas, due to the effect of various deductible and nondeductible items.
There was no provision for state margin taxes for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Note 7. Bank Credit Facility
The Company entered into a bank credit facility on December 23, 2022. Pursuant to the credit agreement, from time to time, the Company may borrow the lesser of the available borrowing base, as determined by the credit agreement, or $100 million, which is the maximum borrowing capacity of the bank credit facility. The outstanding balance is $30 million at December 31, 2022 which is due at maturity on December 23, 2024. The bank credit facility is secured by substantially all of the Company’s oil and gas properties. There are no letters of credit outstanding under the bank credit facility at December 31, 2022.
The Company may elect that borrowings be comprised of any combination of adjusted base rate (ABR) loans or adjusted SOFR rate loans. The Company pays interest on the unpaid principal amount of each loan until such principal amount is repaid in full. Interest on the loans is determined as follows:
| • | with respect to ABR loans, the adjusted base rate equals the U.S. Prime Rate as published by The Wall Street Journal, plus an applicable margin ranging from and including 0.5% and 1.25% per annum, determined by the percentage of the borrowing base then in effect that is drawn, or |
| • | with respect to any adjusted SOFR rate loans, one-, two-, three- or six-month SOFR plus the SOFR Spread ranging from and including 2.00% and 3.00% per annum, determined by the percentage of the borrowing base then in effect that is drawn. |
Interest expense related to the bank credit facility for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $65,106. The effective interest rate at December 31, 2022 was 8.42%.
Note 8. Significant Concentrations
As of and for the year ended December 31, 2022, all the Company’s sales and accounts receivable – oil and gas sales were related to oil and gas production in the oil and gas industry. This concentration may impact the Company’s business risk, either positively or negatively, in that commodity prices, customers and suppliers may be similarly affected by changes in economic, political or other conditions related to the industry. The Company’s revenues are all from oil and gas production in the Permian Basin of West Texas which exposes the Company to geographic risk in the event that there are changes in this region. The Company sold production comprising 100% of oil and gas receivables and revenues to one third-party purchaser as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company does not believe that the loss of a purchaser would have an adverse effect on its ability to sell its crude oil and natural gas production due to the competitive nature of the oil and gas industry and availability of marketing alternatives.
The Company regularly maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts, which at times may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses with respect to the related risks to cash and cash equivalents and does not believe its exposure to such risk is more than nominal.
15
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
Note 9. Commitments and Contingencies
Legal Matters
In the ordinary course of business, the Company may at times be subject to claims and legal actions. Management does not believe the impact of such matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. The Company had no legal matters requiring specific disclosure or recognition of a liability as of December 31, 2022.
Environmental
The Company is subject to extensive federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations which may materially affect its operations. These laws, which are constantly changing, regulate the discharge of materials into the environment and may require the Company to remove or mitigate the environmental effects of the disposal or release of petroleum or chemical substances at various sites.
In the Company’s acquisition of existing or previously drilled well bores, the Company may not be aware of what environmental safeguards were taken at the time such wells were drilled or during such time the wells were operated. However, should it be determined that a liability exists with respect to any environmental cleanup or restoration, the liability to cure such a violation could still fall upon the Company.
No claim has been made, nor is the Company aware of any liability which the Company may have, as it relates to any environmental cleanup, restoration, or the violation of any rules or regulations relating thereto. The Company maintains comprehensive insurance coverage that it believes is adequate to mitigate the risk of any adverse financial effects associated with these risks.
Note 10. Members’ Equity Accounts
Capital contributions are based on capital calls, as determined by the board of managers. Contribution requests to the Members are based on their commitment interest during that period of time, as defined by the Agreement. Cash earnings on profits and any items in nature of income or gain will be applied to the Members’ capital accounts in accordance with their earnings interest, as defined by the Agreement.
The Company has three classes of members’ equity, Classes A, B and C Units. Class A and B Units have all the rights, privileges, preferences and obligations provided for in the Agreement, which are consistent with an ordinary equity ownership interest. Class A Units are a class of up to 2,520,000 membership units to be issued to EnCap. Class B Units are a class of up to 120,000 membership units to be issued to Piedra Resources IV, LLC. The purchase price per each Class A and Class B Unit is $100. At December 31, 2022, EnCap has purchased 1,104,762 Class A Units for a total of $110,476,190 and Resources has purchased 55,238 Class B Units for a total of $5,523,810. The board of managers has issued 100,000 Class C Units to Resources. Class C Units do not have voting rights and holders are not required to make any form of contribution to the Company. Class C Units do not have a risk of loss and will only be entitled to share in distributions and allocations if and to the extent the board of managers makes such distributions and applicable thresholds have been met. As such, the Class C Units are treated as a profit-sharing arrangement accounted for under FASB ASC Topic 710, Compensation – General, for which distributions will be expensed to compensation as declared.
16
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
Note 11. Subsequent Events
The Company has evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure through March 17, 2023, the date the financial statements were available to be issued. During this period, the Company did not have any material recognizable subsequent events other than the following:
| • | The borrowing base of the Company’s bank credit facility was redetermined and increased by $30 million on March 2, 2023. The Company borrowed an additional $25 million under the credit facility resulting in an outstanding balance at March 17, 2023 of $55 million. |
17
Exhibit 99.7
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Financial Report
December 31, 2021
Independent Auditor’s Report
To the Members of
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Opinion
We have audited the financial statements of Piedra Energy IV, LLC (the Company) which comprise the balance sheet as of December 31, 2021, and the related statements of operations, members’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended, and the related notes to the financial statements.
In our opinion, the accompanying financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Piedra Energy IV, LLC as of December 31, 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAS). Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. We are required to be independent of the Company and to meet our other ethical responsibilities, in accordance with the relevant ethical requirements relating to our audit. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.
Responsibilities of Management for the Financial Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and for the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, management is required to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (or when applicable, one year after the date that the financial statements are available to be issued).
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not absolute assurance and therefore is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with GAAS will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. Misstatements are considered material if there is a substantial likelihood that, individually or in the aggregate, they would influence the judgment made by a reasonable user based on the financial statements.
Weaver and Tidwell, L.L.P.
24 Greenway Plaza, Suite 1800 | Houston, Texas 77046
Main: 713.850.8787
CPAs AND ADVISORS | WEAVER.COM
The Members of
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
In performing an audit in accordance with GAAS, we:
| • | Exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. |
| • | Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, and design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. |
| • | Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control. Accordingly, no such opinion is expressed. |
| • | Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluate the overall presentation of the financial statements. |
| • | Conclude whether, in our judgment, there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time. |
We are required to communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit, significant audit findings, and certain internal control–related matters that we identified during the audit.
WEAVER AND TIDWELL, L.L.P.
Houston, Texas
March 16, 2022
2
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Balance Sheet
December 31, 2021
| ASSETS | ||||
| CURRENT ASSETS |
||||
| Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 89,033 | ||
| Accounts receivable - related parties |
50 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total current assets |
89,083 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| TOTAL ASSETS |
$ | 89,083 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY | ||||
| CURRENT LIABILITIES |
||||
| Accounts payable - related parties |
28,739 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total current liabilities |
28,739 | |||
| MEMBERS’ EQUITY |
60,344 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| TOTAL LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY |
$ | 89,083 | ||
|
|
|
|||
The Notes to the Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
3
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Statement of Operations
Year ended December 31, 2021
| EXPENSES |
||||
| General and administrative expenses |
22,756 | |||
| Abandoned project costs |
6,373 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total expenses |
29,129 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| NET LOSS |
$ | (29,129 | ) | |
|
|
|
The Notes to the Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
4
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Statement of Members’ Equity
Year ended December 31, 2021
| BALANCE, January 1, 2021 |
$ | 89,473 | ||
| Net loss |
(29,129 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| BALANCE, December 31, 2021 |
$ | 60,344 | ||
|
|
|
The Notes to the Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
5
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Statement of Cash Flows
Year ended December 31, 2021
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
||||
| Net loss |
$ | (29,129 | ) | |
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities |
||||
|
Accounts receivable - related parties |
0 | |||
|
Accounts payable - related parties |
3,766 | |||
| Prepaid expenses and other |
0 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Net cash used in operating activities |
(25,363 | ) | ||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
0 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents |
(25,363 | ) | ||
|
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of the period |
114,396 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of the period |
$ | 89,033 | ||
|
|
|
The Notes to the Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
6
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
| Note 1. | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
Nature of Operations
Piedra Energy IV, LLC (Piedra, the Company) is a Delaware limited liability company formed October 11, 2018 to acquire, maintain, drill, develop, and operate oil and gas interests in the continental United States. The Company’s assets will most likely be in the Permian Basin.
The Company is owned by EnCap Energy Capital Fund XI, L.P. (95.2381%, EnCap) and Piedra Resources IV, LLC (4.7619%, Management Member), which is owned by certain members of management (collectively, the Investor Group or Members). Management Member manages the Company on behalf of the other Members. A five-member board of managers governs the actions of the Company. Under the terms of the Limited Liability Company Agreement (the Agreement), the Investor Group has committed to contribute up to $252.0 million to the Company and Rock River Minerals IV, LP, a related party. Of this commitment amount, the Investor Group contributed $1 million to the Company through December 31, 2021. The Investor Group had a remaining commitment to the Company and Rock River Minerals IV, LP of $105.5 million at December 31, 2021. The term of the Company is to continue until terminated by the board of managers and/or per the terms of the Agreement.
Piedra Operating, LLC (Operating) acts as the operator of the properties owned by the Company in accordance with the terms of a service and operating agreement effective August 8, 2018.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Accounts Receivable – related parties
Accounts receivable – related parties, consists of accrued contributions from Management Member. No interest was charged in 2019 on past-due balances. The Company uses the direct write-off method in accounting for losses on accounts receivable. The Company did not charge any amount to bad debt expense for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Accounts Payable – related parties
Accounts payable – related parties include obligations incurred in the ordinary operation of the business for services performed and products received paid by Operating on its behalf.
7
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
Income Taxes
The Company is a limited liability company, and therefore will be treated as a flow-through entity for federal income tax purposes. As a result, the net taxable income of the Company and any related tax credits, for federal income tax purposes, are deemed to pass to the Members and are included in their tax returns even though such net taxable income or tax credits may not have actually been distributed. Accordingly, no federal income tax provision has been made in the financial statements of the Company since the federal income tax is an obligation of the Members.
At December 31, 2021, the Company did not have any accrued expense for taxes due to the State of Texas for Texas margin tax.
As the Company is not subject to federal income tax, but is subject to state margin tax, provisions for state margin taxes are based on taxes payable for the current year and deferred taxes on temporary differences between the amount of taxable margin and pretax financial income, and between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are included in the financial statements at currently enacted state margin tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for state margin taxes. At December 31, 2021, the Company had not recorded a liability for deferred state margin tax as the liability is not material.
The Company follows the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (ASC Topic 740), relating to accounting for uncertainties in income taxes. ASC Topic 740 clarifies the accounting for uncertainties in income taxes by prescribing a minimum recognition threshold that a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. ASC Topic 740 requires that the Company recognize in its financial statements the financial effects of a tax position, if that position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any appeals or litigation processes, based upon the technical merits of the position.
ASC Topic 740 also provides guidance on measurement, classification, interest and penalties and disclosure. Tax positions taken related to the Company’s pass-through status and those taken in determining its state income tax liability, including deductibility of expenses, have been reviewed and management is of the opinion that material positions taken by the Company would more likely than not be sustained upon examination. Accordingly, the Company has not recorded an income tax liability for uncertain tax positions.
Under the centralized LLC audit rules of the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), the IRS assesses and collects underpayments of tax from the LLC instead of from each member. The LLC may be able to pass the adjustments through to its members by making a push-out election or, if eligible, by electing out of the centralized LLC audit rules.
The collection of tax from the LLC is only an administrative convenience for the IRS to collect any underpayment of income taxes including interest and penalties. Income tax on LLC income, regardless of who pays the tax or when it is paid, is attributed to the members. Any payment made by the Company as a result of an IRS examination will be treated as a distribution from the Company to the members in the financial statements.
8
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The FASB is issuing this Update to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. A lessee should recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from leases. A lessee should recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. When measuring assets and liabilities arising from a lease, a lessee (and a lessor) should include payments to be made in optional periods only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise an option to extend the lease or not to exercise an option to terminate the lease. Similarly, optional payments to purchase the underlying asset should be included in the measurement of lease assets and lease liabilities only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise that purchase option. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. If a lessee makes this election, it should recognize lease expense for such leases generally on a straight-line basis over the lease term. ASU 2016-02 is effective for the Company on January 1, 2022.
In October 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-17 Consolidation (Topic 810): Targeted Improvements to Related Party Guidance for Variable Interest Entities, which simplifies VIE guidance for private companies. Under this statement, a private company could make an accounting policy election to not apply VIE guidance to legal entities under common control (including common control leasing arrangements) when certain criteria are met. This statement is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2020 although the adoption did not have an impact on the presentation of the Company’s financial statements.
COVID-19
The novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic continued through 2021 and many uncertainties remain with respect to COVID-19 at December 31, including uncertainty regarding the length of time the pandemic will continue, as well as the timing, pace and extent of an economic recovery in the United States, Canada and elsewhere, and how such uncertainties will impact the energy industry and our business. As a result, these matters may affect our estimates and assumptions on the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes in the near term.
Subsequent Events
The Company evaluates subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure through the date the financial statements are available to be issued.
| Note 2. | Related Party Transactions |
As of December 31, 2021, the Company had accounts payable due to related parties which represent general and administrative and other expenses of the Company paid by Operating on its behalf of $28,739. These are presented in accounts payable – related parties on the balance sheet. During the year ended December 31, 2021, Piedra Operating paid general and administrative expenses totaling $12,546 on behalf of the Company. The Company is subject to the Management Services Agreement with Piedra Operating, LLC, which allows for an allocation of general and administrative expenses to the Company. During the year ended December 31, 2021, no general and administrative expenses were allocated to the Company.
9
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
| Note 3. | Commitments and Contingencies |
Contingencies
In the course of its business affairs and operations, the Company is subject to possible loss contingencies arising from third party litigation, federal, state and local environmental and health and safety laws and regulations.
There are no matters which, in the opinion of management, will have a material adverse effect on the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of the Company.
| Note 4. | Concentrations |
The Company regularly maintains its cash and cash equivalents in bank deposit accounts, which at times, may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses with respect to the related risks to cash and cash equivalents and does not believe its exposure to such risk is more than nominal.
| Note 5. | Members’ Equity Accounts |
Capital contributions are based on capital calls, as determined by the board of managers. Contribution requests to the Members are based on their commitment interest during that period of time, as defined by the Agreement. Cash earnings on profits and any items in nature of income or gain will be applied to the Members’ capital accounts in accordance with their earnings interest, as defined by the Agreement.
The Company has three classes of members’ equity, Classes A, B and C Units. Class A and B Units have all the rights, privileges, preferences and obligations provided for in the Agreement, which are consistent with an ordinary equity ownership interest. Class A Units are a class of up to 2,520,000 membership units to be issued to EnCap. Class B Units are a class of up to 120,000 membership units to be issued to Piedra Resources IV, LLC. The purchase price per each Class A and Class B Unit is $100. At December 31, 2021, EnCap has purchased 9,524 Class A Units for a total of $952,381 and Resources has purchased 476 Class B Units for a total of $47,619. The board of managers has issued 100,000 Class C Units to Resources. Class C Units do not have voting rights and holders are not required to make any form of contribution to the Company. Class C Units do not have a risk of loss and will only be entitled to share in distributions and allocations if and to the extent the board of managers makes such distributions and applicable thresholds have been met. As such, the Class C Units are treated as a profit-sharing arrangement accounted for under FASB ASC Topic 710, Compensation – General, for which distributions will be expensed to compensation as declared.
| Note 6. | Subsequent Events |
The Company has evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure through March 16, 2022, the date the financial statements were available to be issued. During this period, the Company did not have any material recognizable subsequent events other than the following:
| • | The Company closed on an acquisition of eight leases in Andrews County, Texas (2,912.65 acres) for $33,495,475, plus additional broker fees and title expenses on February 16, 2022. |
| • | During 2022, the Company received approximately $57.1 million in contributions from Members. |
10
Exhibit 99.8
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Supplemental Crude Oil and Natural Gas Information (Unaudited)
Net Proved Crude Oil and Natural Gas Reserves
Russell K. Hall and Associates, Inc., the Company’s independent reserve engineers, estimated 100% of the Company’s proved reserves as of December 31, 2022. In accordance with SEC regulations, the reserves as of December 31, 2022 were estimated using realized prices, which reflect adjustments to the benchmark prices for quality, certain transportation fees, geographical differentials, marketing bonuses or deductions and other factors affecting the price received at the delivery point. The Company’s reserves are reported in two streams; crude oil and natural gas.
The SEC has defined proved reserves as the estimated quantities of crude oil and natural gas that geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. The process of estimating crude oil and natural gas reserves is complex, requiring significant decisions in the evaluation of available geological, geophysical, engineering and economic data. The data for a given property may also change substantially over time as a result of numerous factors, including additional development activity, evolving production history and a continual reassessment of the viability of production under changing economic conditions. As a result, material revisions to existing reserve estimates occur from time to time. Although every reasonable effort is made to ensure that reserve estimates reported represent the most accurate assessments possible, the subjective decisions and variances in available data for various properties increase the likelihood of significant changes in these estimates. If such changes are material, they could significantly affect future amortization of capitalized costs and result in impairment of assets that may be material.
The following tables provide an analysis of the changes in estimated proved reserve quantities of crude oil and natural gas for the year ended December 31, 2022, all of which are located within the United States:
| Year ended December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Crude Oil (Bbl) |
Natural Gas (Mcf) |
Total Boe |
||||||||||
| Proved reserves as of December 31, 2021 |
— | — | — | |||||||||
| Revisions of previous estimates |
— | — | — | |||||||||
| Extensions, discoveries and other additions |
16,960,296 | 33,815,352 | 22,596,188 | |||||||||
| Production |
(8,920 | ) | — | (8,920 | ) | |||||||
| Sales of minerals in place |
— | — | — | |||||||||
| Purchase of minerals in place |
— | — | — | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Proved reserves as of December 31, 2022 |
16,951,376 | 33,815,352 | 22,587,268 | |||||||||
| Proved developed reserves |
||||||||||||
| Beginning of year |
— | — | — | |||||||||
| End of year |
9,011,136 | 17,177,052 | 11,873,978 | |||||||||
| Proved undeveloped reserves |
||||||||||||
| Beginning of year |
— | — | — | |||||||||
| End of year |
7,940,240 | 16,638,300 | 10,713,290 | |||||||||
For the year ended December 31, 2022, extensions, discoveries and other additions in the Permian Basin resulted primarily from 6 proved developed producing wells contributing additional reserves of 1.6 million Boe, 27 proved developed behind pipe locations contributing additional reserves of 10.7 million Boe and 21 proved undeveloped locations contributing additional reserves of 10.7 million Boe.
1
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved crude oil and natural gas reserves
The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows does not purport to be, nor should it be interpreted to present, the fair value of the oil and natural gas reserves of the property. An estimate of fair value would take into account, among other things, the recovery of reserves not presently classified as proved, the value of proved properties and consideration of expected future economic and operating conditions.
The estimates of future cash flows and future production and development costs as of December 31, 2022 are based on realized prices, which reflect adjustments to the benchmark prices for quality, certain transportation fees, geographical differentials, marketing bonuses or deductions and other factors affecting the price received at the delivery point. All realized prices are held flat over the forecast period for all reserve categories in calculating the discounted future net cash flows. In accordance with SEC regulations, the proved reserves were anticipated to be economically producible from the “as of date” forward based on existing economic conditions, including prices and costs at which economic producibility from a reservoir was determined. These costs, held flat over the forecast period, include development costs, operating costs, ad valorem and production taxes and abandonment costs after salvage. Future income tax expenses would have been computed using the appropriate year-end statutory tax rates applied to the future pretax net cash flows from proved oil and natural gas reserves, less the tax basis of the Company’s oil and natural gas properties. The estimated future net cash flows are then discounted at a rate of 10%.
The following table presents the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved oil and natural gas reserves for the periods presented (in thousands):
| December 31, | ||||
| 2022 | ||||
| Future cash inflows |
$ | 1,925,647 | ||
| Future production costs |
(429,536 | ) | ||
| Future development and abandonment costs |
(265,272 | ) | ||
| Future income taxes |
(10,110 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Future net cash flows |
1,220,729 | |||
| 10% annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows |
(536,444 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows |
$ | 684,285 | ||
|
|
|
|||
It is not intended that the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows represent the fair market value of the Company’s proved reserves. The Company cautions that the disclosures shown are based on estimates of proved reserve quantities and future production schedules which are inherently imprecise and subject to revision, and the 10% discount rate is arbitrary. In addition, prices and costs as of the measurement date are used in the determinations, and no value may be assigned to probable or possible reserves.
2
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
The following table presents the changes in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved oil and natural gas reserves for the periods presented (in thousands):
| December 31, | ||||
| 2022 | ||||
| Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows at January 1 |
$ | — | ||
| Net change in prices and production costs |
— | |||
| Changes in estimated future development and abandonment costs |
— | |||
| Sales of crude oil and natural gas produced, net of production costs |
(216 | ) | ||
| Extensions, discoveries and improved recoveries, less related costs |
690,218 | |||
| Purchases (sales) of minerals in place, net |
— | |||
| Revisions of previous quantity estimates |
— | |||
| Development costs incurred during the period |
— | |||
| Change in income taxes |
(5,717 | ) | ||
| Accretion of discount |
— | |||
| Change in timing of estimated future production and other |
— | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Net change |
684,285 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows at December 31 |
$ | 684,285 | ||
|
|
|
|||
Estimates of economically recoverable oil and natural gas reserves and of future net cash flows are based upon a number of variable factors and assumptions, all of which are, to some degree, subjective and may vary considerably from actual results. Therefore, actual production, revenues, development and operating expenditures may not occur as estimated. The reserve data are estimates only, are subject to many uncertainties and are based on data gained from production histories and on assumptions as to geologic formations and other matters. Actual quantities of oil and natural gas may differ materially from the amounts estimated.
3
Exhibit 99.9
Report of Independent Auditors
and Combined Financial Statements
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
December 31, 2022 and 2021
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Table of Contents
| Page | ||||
| Independent Auditors’ Report |
1 | |||
| Combined Financial Statements: |
||||
| Balance Sheets |
3 | |||
| Statements of Operations |
4 | |||
| Statements of Equity |
5 | |||
| Statements of Cash Flows |
6 | |||
| Notes to Combined Financial Statements |
7 | |||
| Supplemental Oil and Gas Information (Unaudited) |
22 | |||
Report of Independent Auditors
The Board of Managers
Black Swan Permian, LLC and Black Swan Operating, LLC
Report on the Audit of the Financial Statements
Opinion
We have audited the accompanying combined financial statements of Black Swan Permian, LLC and Black Swan Operating, LLC (the “Black Swan Subject Companies” or the “Company”), as defined in Note 1 to the combined financial statements, which comprise the combined balance sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the related combined statements of operations, changes in members’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes to the combined financial statements.
In our opinion, the accompanying combined financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Black Swan Subject Companies, as defined in Note 1 to the combined financial statement, as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAS). Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. We are required to be independent of the Black Swan Subject Companies and to meet our other ethical responsibilities, in accordance with the relevant ethical requirements relating to our audits. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.
Responsibilities of Management for the Financial Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the combined financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and for the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, management is required to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Black Swan Subject Companies’ ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are available to be issued.
1
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the combined financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not absolute assurance and therefore is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with GAAS will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. Misstatements are considered material if there is a substantial likelihood that, individually or in the aggregate, they would influence the judgment made by a reasonable user based on the combined financial statements.
In performing an audit in accordance with GAAS, we:
| • | Exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. |
| • | Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the combined financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, and design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the combined financial statements. |
| • | Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Black Swan Subject Companies’ internal control. Accordingly, no such opinion is expressed. |
| • | Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluate the overall presentation of the combined financial statements. |
| • | Conclude whether, in our judgment, there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Black Swan Subject Companies’ ability to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time. |
We are required to communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit, significant audit findings, and certain internal control–related matters that we identified during the audit.
Dallas, Texas
April 14, 2023
2
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Combined Balance Sheets
December 31, 2022 and 2021
(in thousands)
| December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| ASSETS |
||||||||
| Current assets: |
||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 3,074 | $ | 4,580 | ||||
| Accounts receivable, net |
43,376 | 7,050 | ||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
690 | 59 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current assets |
47,140 | 11,689 | ||||||
| Oil and gas property and equipment, based on successful efforts method of accounting, net |
621,018 | 284,846 | ||||||
| Other property and equipment, net |
12,588 | 9,798 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total assets |
$ | 680,746 | $ | 306,333 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY |
||||||||
| Current liabilities: |
||||||||
| Accounts payable |
$ | 36,386 | $ | 883 | ||||
| Oil and gas sales payable |
7,662 | 3,130 | ||||||
| Affiliate payable |
23,602 | 47 | ||||||
| Accrued liabilities |
33,584 | 8,931 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current liabilities |
101,234 | 12,991 | ||||||
| Noncurrent liabilities: |
||||||||
| Asset retirement obligations |
5,753 | 4,998 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total noncurrent liabilities |
5,753 | 4,998 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total liabilities |
106,987 | 17,989 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 8) |
||||||||
| Members’ equity |
573,759 | 288,344 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total liabilities and members’ equity |
$ | 680,746 | $ | 306,333 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
See notes to the combined financial statements.
3
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Combined Statements of Operations
Years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021
(in thousands)
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| REVENUES: |
||||||||
| Crude oil, natural gas, and NGL sales |
$ | 220,298 | $ | 26,279 | ||||
| Saltwater disposal revenues |
78 | 75 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total revenues |
220,376 | 26,354 | ||||||
| OPERATING EXPENSES: |
||||||||
| Lease operating and workover expenses |
35,846 | 8,638 | ||||||
| Exploration expense |
104 | 27 | ||||||
| Severance and ad valorem taxes |
11,160 | 1,348 | ||||||
| Depletion, depreciation and amortization expense |
60,936 | 8,483 | ||||||
| Acquisition-related costs |
51 | 940 | ||||||
| General and administrative |
5,366 | 4,880 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total operating expenses |
113,463 | 24,316 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Income from operations |
106,913 | 2,038 | ||||||
| OTHER INCOME: |
||||||||
| Other income |
30 | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total other income |
30 | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES |
106,943 | 2,038 | ||||||
| Income tax expense |
(2,961 | ) | — | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| NET INCOME |
$ | 103,982 | $ | 2,038 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
See notes to the combined financial statements.
4
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Combined Statements of Equity
Years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021
(in thousands)
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Beginning Balance |
$ | 288,344 | $ | 145,026 | ||||
| Contributions from parent, net |
181,433 | 141,280 | ||||||
| Net income |
103,982 | 2,038 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Ending Balance |
$ | 573,759 | $ | 288,344 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
See notes to the combined financial statements.
5
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Combined Statements of Cash Flows
Years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021
(in thousands)
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
| Net income |
$ | 103,982 | $ | 2,038 | ||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities |
||||||||
| Depletion, depreciation and amortization |
60,673 | 8,397 | ||||||
| Accretion expense |
263 | 86 | ||||||
| Gain on sale of assets |
(30 | ) | — | |||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
| Accounts receivable, net |
(36,326 | ) | (4,420 | ) | ||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
(631 | ) | 536 | |||||
| Accounts payable |
35,503 | 558 | ||||||
| Oil and gas sales payable |
4,532 | 2,163 | ||||||
| Affiliate payable, net |
23,555 | 96 | ||||||
| Accrued liabilities |
24,653 | 8,200 | ||||||
| Other |
(59 | ) | — | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities |
216,115 | 17,654 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
| Additions to oil and gas properties |
(380,960 | ) | (49,690 | ) | ||||
| Acquisitions of oil and gas properties |
(14,278 | ) | (102,634 | ) | ||||
| Acquisitions of other property and equipment |
(3,846 | ) | (2,526 | ) | ||||
| Proceeds from disposition of assets |
30 | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash used in investing activities |
(399,054 | ) | (154,850 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
| Contributions from parent, net |
181,433 | 141,280 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities |
181,433 | 141,280 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents |
(1,506 | ) | 4,084 | |||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year |
4,580 | 496 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of year |
$ | 3,074 | $ | 4,580 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
See notes to the combined financial statements.
6
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Note 1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Description
Black Swan Permian, LLC, (“BSP”) was formed on November 28, 2018 as a wholly owned subsidiary of Black Swan Oil & Gas, LLC (“BSOG”). BSP owns working interests in various oil and gas properties in the Permian Basin in West Texas. The existing properties of BSP are primarily located in Martin County, Texas, which is prospective for the horizontal development of the Spraberry, Wolfcamp and other oil-weighted formations in the Midland Basin, a sub-basin of the Permian Basin.
Black Swan Operating, LLC, (“BSO”) was formed on October 11, 2017 as a wholly owned subsidiary of BSOG and is the operating entity for the oil and gas activities of BSP.
Black Swan EmployerCo, LLC, (“BSE”) was formed on October 17, 2017 as a wholly owned subsidiary of BSOG to provide general administrative and management services to BSO.
Basis of Presentation of Combined Financial Statements
The combined financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”).
The combined financial statements have been prepared on a “carve-out” basis and derived from the historical results of operations, assets and liabilities of BSP and BSO along with an allocation of general and administrative expenses from BSE (collectively, the combined historical financial statements of BSP and BSO along with the allocation of general and administrative expenses of BSE are hereafter referred to as “Black Swan Subject Companies”).
The historical costs and expenses reflected in the combined financial statements of Black Swan Subject Companies include an allocation for certain corporate and shared service functions historically provided by BSE, including, but not limited to, executive oversight, accounting, treasury, tax, human resources, procurement, and other shared services. These expenses have been allocated to Black Swan Subject Companies and other affiliates of Black Swan Subject Companies on the basis of revenue, which is considered to be a reasonable reflection of the historical utilization levels of these services. The Black Swan Subject Companies believe the assumptions underlying its combined financial statements, including the assumptions regarding the allocation of general corporate expenses from BSE, are reasonable. Nevertheless, the combined financial statements may not include all of the actual expenses that would have been incurred had Black Swan Subject Companies operated as a standalone company during the periods presented and may not reflect its combined results of operations, financial position and cash flows had it operated as a standalone company during the periods presented herein. Actual costs that would have been incurred if Black Swan Subject Companies had operated as a standalone company would depend on multiple factors, including organizational structure and strategic decisions made in various areas, including human resources.
All significant intercompany accounts and transactions between the businesses comprising BSP and BSO have been eliminated in the accompanying combined financial statements. In addition, certain historical assets of Black Swan Subject Companies, such as portions of other property and equipment and prepaid assets, among others, have been excluded from these combined financial statements.
7
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the combined financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the combined financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual amounts could differ significantly from these estimates, and changes in these estimates are recorded when known. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the carrying value of proved and unproved oil and gas properties, fair value measurements for acquisitions and asset retirement obligations.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Black Swan Subject Companies consider all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. At times, the amount of cash and cash equivalents may exceed amounts covered by insurance provided by the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”).
On March 10, 2023, Silicon Valley Bank was closed by the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation, which appointed the FDIC as receiver. If the financial institution with whom the Black Swan Subject Companies conduct business were to be placed into receivership, it may be unable to access the cash it has on deposit with such institution. If the Black Swan Subject Companies are unable to access its cash and cash equivalents as needed, its financial position and ability to operate its business could be adversely affected.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable, joint interest owners, consist of uncollateralized joint interest owner obligations due within 30 days of the invoice date. Accounts receivable, oil and gas sales, consist of uncollateralized accrued net revenues due under normal trade terms, generally requiring payment within 30 to 60 days of production. No interest is charged on past-due balances. Payments made on all accounts receivable are applied to the earliest unpaid items. Black Swan Subject Companies review accounts receivable periodically and reduces the carrying amount by a valuation allowance that reflects the best estimate of the amount that may not be collectible. No such allowance was considered necessary at December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Fair Value Measurements
Certain assets and liabilities of Black Swan Subject Companies are measured at fair value at each reporting date. Fair value represents the price that would be received to sell the asset or paid to transfer the liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. This price is commonly referred to as the “exit price.” Fair value measurements are classified according to a hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs underlying the valuation techniques and requires that assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
8
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
This hierarchy consists of three broad levels:
| • | Level 1 – Observable inputs that are based upon quoted market prices for identical assets and liabilities within active markets. |
| • | Level 2 – Observable inputs other than Level 1 that are based upon quoted market prices for similar assets or liabilities, based upon quoted prices within inactive markets, or inputs other than quoted market prices that are observable through market data for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. |
| • | Level 3 – Inputs that are unobservable for the particular asset or liability due to little or no market activity and are significant to the fair value of the asset or liability. These inputs reflect assumptions that market participants would use when valuing the particular asset or liability. |
Oil and Gas Properties
Black Swan Subject Companies account for its oil and gas operations using the successful efforts method of accounting. Under this method, costs of productive exploratory wells, all development wells, and undeveloped leases are capitalized. Oil and gas lease acquisition costs, including brokerage costs, commissions, and recording fees, are also capitalized. Exploration costs, geological, and geophysical expenses, and delay rentals for oil and gas leases are charged to expense as incurred.
Unproved oil and gas properties consist of costs incurred to acquire unproved leases. Unproved lease acquisition costs are capitalized until the leases expire or when Black Swan Subject Companies specifically identify leases that will revert to the lessor, at which time it expenses the associated unproved lease acquisition costs to exploration costs. Lease acquisition costs related to successful drilling are reclassified to proved oil and gas properties. No lease expirations were included as exploration costs in the combined statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Capitalized costs related to proved oil and gas properties, including wells and related support equipment and facilities, are evaluated for impairment based on an analysis of undiscounted future net cash flows. If undiscounted cash flows are insufficient to recover net capitalized costs related to proved properties, then Black Swan Subject Companies would recognize an impairment charge in earnings equal to the difference between the net capitalized costs related to proved properties and their estimated fair values. The fair value of properties is based on the present value of the related future net cash flows. No impairments of proved properties was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Individually significant unproved properties are periodically assessed for impairment of value and a loss is recognized at the time of impairment by providing an impairment allowance. No impairment of unproved properties was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2022 or 2021.
9
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization
Capitalized amounts attributable to proved oil and gas properties are depleted by the unit-of-production method over proved reserves using the unit conversion ratio of six Mcf of gas to one barrel of oil equivalent (“Boe”), and one barrel of natural gas liquids (“NGLs”) to one Boe. The ratios of six Mcf of natural gas to one Boe and one barrel of NGLs to one Boe do not assume price equivalency and, given price differentials, the price for a Boe for natural gas may differ significantly from the price for a barrel of oil. Capitalized costs of proved mineral interests are depleted over total estimated proved reserves, and capitalized costs of wells and related equipment and facilities are depleted over estimated proved developed reserves. If unproved properties are determined to be productive, the related costs are transferred to proved oil and gas properties. Depletion expense for proved oil and gas properties was $59.6 million and $7.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Upon the sale of a complete unit of proved oil and gas properties, the cost and related accumulated depreciation and depletion are eliminated from the property accounts, and the resulting gain or loss is recognized in the combined statements of operations. Upon the sale of a partial interest in proved oil and gas properties, the proceeds received are treated as a reduction of the costs of the interest retained if doing so does not significantly affect the unit-of-production amortization rate.
Upon the sale of an entire interest in unproved oil and gas properties, the gain or loss on the sale is recognized in the combined statements of operations. If a partial interest in unproved oil and gas properties is sold, the proceeds received are treated as a reduction of the cost of the related properties with no recognition of gain or loss.
Acquisition of Oil and Gas Properties
Black Swan Subject Companies account for its acquisitions that qualify as a business using the acquisition method under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805, Business Combinations. Under the acquisition method, assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recognized and measured at their fair values. The use of fair value accounting requires the use of significant judgment since some transaction components do not have fair values that are readily determinable. The excess, if any, of the purchase price over the net fair value amounts assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recognized as goodwill. Conversely, if the fair value of assets acquired exceeds the purchase price, including liabilities assumed, the excess is immediately recognized in earnings as a bargain purchase gain.
Acquisition-related costs consisting of costs for acquisitions and land department projects related to acquisitions in progress are expensed as incurred and recognized in the combined statements of operations. Acquisition-related costs amounted to $0.1 million and $0.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Other Property and Equipment
Other property and equipment consist of saltwater disposal facilities, water source wells, facilities and equipment, which are recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, currently between five to fifteen years.
10
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Asset Retirement Obligations
Asset retirement obligations relate to future plugging and abandonment expenses on oil and gas properties. The fair value of asset retirement obligations is recorded in the year in which wells are drilled or acquired with a corresponding increase in the carrying amount of oil and gas properties. The liability is accreted for the change in its present value each year and the capitalized cost is depreciated using the units-of-production method. The liability is adjusted for changes resulting from revisions to the timing or the amount of the original estimate of costs to plug the well when deemed necessary. If the liability is settled for an amount other than the recorded amount, a gain or loss is recognized in the combined statements of operation. Accretion of the discount on asset retirement obligations is charged to expense. Asset retirement obligations are considered a non-recurring level 3 fair value measurement.
Revenue Recognition
Revenues from the sale of oil and gas are recognized as the product is delivered to the customers’ custody transfer points and collectability is reasonably assured. Black Swan Subject Companies fulfill the performance obligations under its customer contracts through daily delivery of oil and gas to its customers’ custody transfer points and revenues are recorded on a monthly basis. The prices received for oil and gas sales under the contracts of Black Swan Subject Companies are generally derived from stated market prices which are then adjusted to reflect deductions, including transportation, fractionation and processing. As a result, revenues from the sale of oil and gas will decrease if market prices decline. The sales of oil and gas as presented on the combined statements of operations represent the share of revenues of Black Swan Subject Companies net of royalties and excluding revenue interests owned by others. When selling oil and gas on behalf of royalty owners or working interest owners, Black Swan Subject Companies act as an agent and thus reports the revenue on a net basis. To the extent actual volumes and prices of oil and gas sales are unavailable for a given reporting year because of timing or information not received from third parties, the expected sales volumes and prices for those properties are estimated and recorded. Black Swan Subject Companies record differences between estimates and actuals in the month payment is received and such differences have historically been insignificant.
Revenues from the disposal of saltwater are recognized as the saltwater is disposed and collectability is reasonably assured. Black Swan Subject Companies fulfill the performance obligations under its customer contracts through daily acceptance of saltwater at its disposal facility and revenues are recorded on a monthly basis. The rates charged for saltwater disposal are defined in each customer’s contract. The fees for disposal of saltwater as presented on the combined statements of operations represent the share of revenues of Black Swan Subject Companies excluding revenue interests owned by others. When collecting saltwater disposal fees on behalf of working interest owners, Black Swan Subject Companies act as an agent and thus reports the revenue on a net basis. To the extent actual volumes of saltwater disposals are unavailable for a given reporting year because of timing or information not received, the expected sales volumes for those customers are estimated and recorded.
Exploration Costs
Exploration costs include general land scoping costs, lease expirations, delay rentals, geological and geophysical costs and dry hole costs. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, Black Swan Subject Companies incurred exploration costs of $0.1 million to research and develop plans for potential acquisitions.
11
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Income Taxes
As a limited liability companies, Black Swan Subject Companies are not liable for federal income taxes. Income and losses of Black Swan Subject Companies are reported in the income tax return of each member. Thus, all tax expense and liabilities arising from the operations of Black Swan Subject Companies, with the exception of Texas margin tax, are the responsibility of its members. Black Swan Subject Companies use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of existing assets and liabilities. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are based on enacted tax rates applicable to the future period when those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period the rate change is enacted.
In the event Black Swan Subject Companies incur interest or penalties in connection with income taxes, such amounts are included in income tax expense on the combined statements of operations. The provision for deferred incomes taxes amounted to $2.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. Deferred income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2021 were immaterial and therefore no provision was recorded. Black Swan Subject Companies did not incur interest or penalties in connection with income taxes during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. For additional information regarding income taxes, please see “— Note 9. Income Taxes.”
At December 31, 2022 and 2021, there are no uncertain tax positions that require disclosure in the combined financial statements. The federal and state income tax returns for the year ended 2022 of Black Swan Subject Companies have not been filed at the date of this report.
Leases
On January 1, 2022, Black Swan Subject Companies adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) and all subsequent amendments to the ASU (collectively, “ASC 842”), which requires the assets and liabilities that arise from leases to be recognized on the balance sheet. ASC 842 requires the lessee to recognize a lease liability equal to the present value of the lease payments and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term for all leases longer than 12 months.
Black Swan Subject Companies have adopted the following practical expedients: (a) not to apply the recognition requirements in the leases standard to short-term leases and recognize lease payments in the combined statement of operations (a lease that at commencement date has an initial term of 12 months or less and does not contain a purchase option the company is reasonably certain to exercise), (b) to not reassess whether a contract is or contains a lease, lease classification, and initial direct costs, (c) to not reassess certain land easements in existence prior to January 1, 2019, and (d) to adopt the modified retrospective approach for all leases existing at or entered into after the initial date of adoption. No cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings was required as a result of the modified retrospective approach and no lease liabilities or right-of-use assets were recognized.
12
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Black Swan Subject Companies recorded short-term lease payments in the combined statements of operations in the amount of $0.2 million. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Black Swan Subject Companies recorded short-term lease payments in oil and gas properties in the combined balance sheets in the amount of $16.9 million and $2.7 million, respectively. These lease costs primarily relate to drilling rigs and other equipment used in development of our oil and gas properties under short-term lease contracts that we are not reasonably certain to renew.
Commitments and Contingencies
Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation or other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Liabilities for environmental remediation or restoration claims resulting from allegations of improper operation of assets are recorded when it is probable that obligations have been incurred and the amounts can be reasonably estimated.
Oil and Natural Gas Sales Payable
Oil and gas sales payable represents amounts collected from purchasers for oil and gas sales which are either revenues due to other revenue interest owners or severance taxes due to the respective state or local tax authorities. Generally, Black Swan Subject Companies are required to remit amounts due under these liabilities within 60 days of the end of the month in which the related production occurred.
Production Costs
Production costs, including pumpers’ salaries, electricity, saltwater disposal, insurance, COPAS overhead, expensed workovers and other operating expenses are expensed as incurred and included in lease operating expenses on the combined statements of operations.
Contributions From Parent, Net
Contributions from parent, net, consists of the amounts contributed by BSOG for intercompany amounts due to or from BSOG which are forgiven and treated as contributions or distributions of capital and other general and administrative expenses allocated to Black Swan Subject Companies. Black Swan Subject Companies have been dependent upon BSOG for most of its working capital and financing requirements. BSOG uses a centralized approach to cash management and financing of its operations. Financial transactions related to BSP and BSO are accounted for through the parent investment account. Accordingly, none of the cash, cash equivalents or debt at BSOG have been included in these combined financial statements. Transactions with BSOG are reflected in the accompanying combined statements of members’ equity as “Contributions from parent, net” and in the accompanying combined balance sheets within “Members’ equity.”
13
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Note 2. Accounts Receivable
Components of accounts receivable include the following (in thousands):
| December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Crude oil, natural gas and NGL Sales |
$ | 36,230 | $ | 5,427 | ||||
| Joint interest billings |
7,146 | 1,623 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Gross accounts receivable |
43,376 | 7,050 | ||||||
| Allowance for doubtful accounts |
— | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net accounts receivable |
$ | 43,376 | $ | 7,050 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
As of January 1, 2021, the accounts receivable balance representing amounts due or billable under the terms of contracts with purchasers was $0.7 million.
Note 3. Oil and Natural Gas Properties
Capitalized Costs
The following table reflects the aggregate capitalized costs associated with Black Swan Subject Companies (in thousands):
| December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Oil and natural gas properties: |
||||||||
| Proved properties |
$ | 633,474 | $ | 178,747 | ||||
| Unproved properties |
63,052 | 121,990 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total oil and gas properties |
696,526 | 300,737 | ||||||
| Less: Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization |
(75,508 | ) | (15,891 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Oil and gas properties, net |
$ | 621,018 | $ | 284,846 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Acquisitions
On July 8, 2021, Black Swan Subject Companies acquired leasehold and working interests in proved and unproved oil and natural gas properties from Diamondback E&P LLC for total consideration of approximately $14.6 million, subject to customary post-closing adjustments. The transaction was accounted for as an asset acquisition.
14
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
In a series of transactions that occurred during the month of December 2021, Black Swan Subject Companies acquired leasehold and working interests in proved and unproved oil and natural gas properties from undisclosed seller and certain non-operated interests in the same properties for an initial purchase price of $69.1 million, subject to customary post-closing adjustments. The transaction was accounted for as a business combination and the net assets acquired were recorded at their fair values as summarized below (in thousands):
| Fair value of consideration transferred: |
||||
| Cash paid to seller |
$ | 69,113 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Total fair value of consideration transferred |
$ | 69,113 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Assets acquired: |
||||
| Oil and gas properties |
||||
| Proved |
$ | 38,222 | ||
| Unproved |
31,316 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total assets acquired |
$ | 69,538 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Liabilities assumed: |
||||
| Asset retirement obligations |
$ | 425 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Total liabilities assumed |
$ | 425 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Net assets acquired |
$ | 69,113 | ||
|
|
|
Acquisition-related costs for this transaction amounted to $0.7 million.
On December 16, 2021, Black Swan Subject Companies acquired leasehold interests in unproved oil and natural gas properties from undisclosed sellers for consideration of $18.6 million. The transaction was accounted for as an asset acquisition.
15
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
In a series of transactions that occurred during the month of May 2022, Black Swan Subject Companies acquired royalty interests and working interests in proved and unproved oil and natural gas properties from undisclosed sellers for an initial purchase price of $7.7 million, subject to customary post-closing adjustments. The transaction was accounted for as a business combination and the net assets acquired were recorded at their fair values, as summarized below (in thousands):
| Fair value of consideration transferred: |
||||
| Cash paid to seller |
$ | 7,726 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Total fair value of consideration transferred |
$ | 7,726 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Assets acquired: |
||||
| Oil and gas properties |
||||
| Proved |
$ | 7,990 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Total assets acquired |
$ | 7,990 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Liabilities assumed: |
||||
| Asset retirement obligations |
$ | 264 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Total liabilities assumed |
$ | 264 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Net assets acquired |
$ | 7,726 | ||
|
|
|
On July 14, 2022, Black Swan Subject Companies acquired leasehold interests and working interests in proved oil and natural gas properties from COG Operating LLC for consideration of $10.1 million. The transaction was accounted for as an asset acquisition.
On November 18, 2022, Black Swan Subject Companies acquired working interests in proved and unproved oil and natural gas properties from Endeavor Energy Resources, L.P. in exchange for (a) approximately $0.8 million of cash and (b) other working interests in proved and unproved oil and natural gas properties, subject to customary post-closing adjustments. The transaction was accounted for as an asset acquisition.
Note 4. Other Property and Equipment
Other property and equipment consists of the following (in thousands):
| December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Commercial disposal well and other surface assets |
$ | 12,664 | $ | 8,928 | ||||
| Land |
2,392 | 2,371 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total property and equipment |
15,056 | 11,299 | ||||||
| Less: accumulated depreciation |
(2,468 | ) | (1,501 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Other property and equipment, net |
$ | 12,588 | $ | 9,798 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
16
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Note 5. Revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue
The following table presents the disaggregation of crude oil, natural gas and NGL revenue of Black Swan Subject Companies (in thousands):
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Crude oil |
$ | 208,211 | $ | 24,471 | ||||
| Natural gas |
3,498 | 564 | ||||||
| NGLs |
8,589 | 1,244 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total crude oil, natural gas and NGL sales, net |
$ | 220,298 | $ | 26,279 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Note 6. Asset Retirement Obligations
The following table presents changes in asset retirement obligations of Black Swan Subject Companies (in thousands):
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Asset retirement obligations at beginning of year |
$ | 4,998 | $ | 4,539 | ||||
| Liabilities incurred |
523 | 1,189 | ||||||
| Revision of estimated obligation |
28 | (816 | ) | |||||
| Liabilities settled |
(59 | ) | — | |||||
| Accretion expense on discounted obligation |
263 | 86 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Asset retirement obligations at end of year |
$ | 5,753 | $ | 4,998 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Note 7. Fair Value Measurements
The carrying values of cash, accounts receivable, other current assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses included in the accompanying combined balance sheets approximated fair value at December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Note 8. Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation
From time to time, Black Swan Subject Companies are subject to legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. Like other oil and natural gas producers and marketers, operations are subject to extensive and rapidly changing federal and state environmental, health and safety, and other laws and regulations governing air emissions, wastewater discharges, and solid and hazardous waste management activities. Black Swan Subject Companies are not currently a party to any material legal proceeding and is not aware of any material legal or governmental proceedings, or contemplated to be brought against it.
17
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Note 9. Income Taxes
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Black Swan Subject Companies are subject to the Texas margin tax.
The components of the provision for income taxes from continuing operations of Black Swan Subject Companies for the year ended December 31, 2022 is as follows (in thousands):
| Year Ended December 31, 2022 |
||||
| Current |
||||
| Federal |
$ | — | ||
| State |
— | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total current |
— | |||
| Deferred |
||||
| Federal |
— | |||
| State |
2,961 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total deferred |
2,961 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total income tax provision |
$ | 2,961 | ||
|
|
|
|||
The difference in the income tax provision of the Black Swan Subject Companies calculated using its effective rate of 2.8% for the year ended December 31, 2022, from the amounts calculated by applying the U.S. federal income tax rate to its pretax income were due to the following items (in thousands):
| Year Ended December 31, 2022 |
||||
| Net income before taxes |
$ | 106,943 | ||
| Statutory rate |
21 | % | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Income tax provision computed at statutory rate |
$ | 22,458 | ||
| Reconciling items: |
||||
| Income not subject to corporate income taxes |
(22,458 | ) | ||
| State income taxes |
2,961 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Provision for income taxes |
$ | 2,961 | ||
|
|
|
|||
18
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
The components of the Black Swan Subject Companies net deferred tax asset and liability were as follows (in thousands):
| December 31, 2022 | ||||
| Deferred tax assets: |
||||
| Net operating loss carryforwards |
$ | — | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Total deferred tax assets |
— | |||
| Valuation allowance |
— | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Deferred tax assets after valuation allowance |
$ | — | ||
| Deferred tax liabilities: |
||||
| State tax |
$ | 2,961 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Total deferred tax liabilities |
$ | 2,961 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Total net deferred tax liability |
$ | 2,961 | ||
|
|
|
|||
Note 10. Concentrations of Credit Risk
The financial condition, results of operations, and capital resources of Black Swan Subject Companies are highly dependent upon the prevailing market prices of, and supply and demand for, oil and gas. These commodity prices are subject to wide fluctuations and market uncertainties due to a variety of factors that are beyond the control of Black Swan Subject Companies. These factors include the level of global and regional supply and demand for petroleum products, the establishment of and compliance with production quotas by oil-exporting countries, weather conditions, the price and availability of alternative fuels, overall economic conditions, both foreign and domestic, and the threat, occurrence, potential duration or other implications of epidemic or pandemic diseases.
Black Swan Subject Companies cannot predict future oil and gas prices with any degree of certainty. Sustained weakness in oil and natural gas prices may adversely affect the financial condition and results of operations of Black Swan Subject Companies and may also reduce the amount of net oil and gas reserves that it can produce economically. Similarly, any improvement in oil and gas prices can have a favorable impact on the financial condition, results of operations and capital resources of Black Swan Subject Companies.
The customer concentration of Black Swan Subject Companies may impact its overall credit risk, either positively or negatively, in that these entities may be similarly affected by changes in economic or other conditions affecting the oil and gas industry.
Substantially all of the oil and natural gas sales for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 of Black Swan Subject Companies are with two significant purchasers. Each purchaser accounted for more than 10% of the revenue of Black Swan Subject Companies. These purchasers also account for significantly all of the oil and gas accounts receivable of Black Swan Subject Companies. The loss of any of these purchasers could materially and adversely affect revenues in the short-term. However, Black Swan Subject Companies believe that the loss of any of its purchasers would not have a long-term material adverse effect on its financial condition and results of operations because crude oil and natural gas are fungible products with well-established markets.
19
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Black Swan Subject Companies manage credit risk related to accounts receivable through credit approvals, credit limits and monitoring procedures. Black Swan Subject Companies routinely assess the financial strength of its customers, and based upon factors surrounding the credit risk, establish an allowance, if required, for uncollectible accounts. As a result, Black Swan Subject Companies believe that its accounts receivable credit risk exposure beyond such allowance is limited.
Note 11. Affiliates
BSOG is controlled by EnCap Energy Capital Fund XI, LP (“Fund XI”), which is managed by EnCap Investments, LP (the “EnCap Investor”). In addition to Fund XI, the EnCap Investor manages several other funds, including EnCap Energy Capital Fund X, LP (“Fund X”). Effective as of February 14, 2020, Black Swan Subject Companies and PetroLegacy, an affiliate of Fund X, entered into a water disposal agreement, whereby Black Swan Subject Companies would dispose of PetroLegacy’s produced saltwater into its commercially permitted disposal well. For Black Swan Subject Companies, this resulted in $0.1 million of revenue for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Black Swan Subject Companies own non-operated working interests and royalty interests in several PetroLegacy operated wells. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, this resulted in the portion of capital expenditures of oil and gas properties of Black Swan Subject Companies of $34.5 million and $3.9 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2022, Black Swan Subject Companies had net revenue of $16.8 million and expenses of $0.7 million associated with these non-operated working interests and royalty interests. There were no revenues or expenses associated with these non-operated working interests and royalty interests for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Certain costs for corporate and shared service functions incurred by BSE have been allocated to the Black Swan Subject Companies. These allocated costs were $5.4 million and $4.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and are reflected as “general and administrative” in the accompanying combined statements of operations.
The Black Swan Subject Companies have various transactions with companies that are considered affiliates due to common ownership by the EnCap Investor. Amounts due to affiliates were $23.6 million and $0.1 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and are reflected as “affiliate payable” in the accompanying combined balance sheets.
20
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Note 12. Supplemental Disclosures to Combined Financial Statements
Accrued Liabilities
Accrued liabilities consisted of the following at the dates indicated (in thousands):
| December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Accrued oil and gas capital expenditures |
$ | 25,849 | $ | 7,380 | ||||
| Accrued lease operating and workover expenses |
3,892 | 972 | ||||||
| Deferred taxes |
2,961 | — | ||||||
| Accrued compensation costs |
861 | 552 | ||||||
| Other |
21 | 27 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Accrued liabilities |
$ | 33,584 | $ | 8,931 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Supplemental Cash Flow Information
The following table provides certain supplemental cash flow information for the periods indicated (in thousands):
| December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Information: |
||||||||
| Asset retirement obligations capitalized |
$ | 551 | $ | 373 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Note 13. Subsequent Events
On April 3, 2023, Ovintiv Inc. announced it had entered into a definitive purchase agreement to purchase the Black Swan Subject Companies, with an effective date of January 1, 2023. The purchase of the Black Swan Subject Companies is expected to close during the second fiscal quarter, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions and customary closing adjustments.
In preparing the accompanying combined financial statements of Black Swan Subject Companies, management has evaluated all subsequent events and transactions for potential recognition or disclosure through April 14, 2023, the date the combined financial statements of Black Swan Subject Companies were available for issuance and concluded there were no other material subsequent events other than as described above.
21
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
Note 14. Supplemental Oil and Gas Information (Unaudited)
Net Proved Oil, NGL and Natural Gas Reserves
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, Black Swan Subject Companies utilized LaRoche Petroleum Consultants, Ltd. in the preparation of its oil and gas reserves. In accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regulations, the reserves as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were estimated using realized prices, which reflect adjustments to the benchmark prices for quality, certain transportation fees, geographical differentials, marketing bonuses or deductions and other factors affecting the price received at the delivery point. The reserves of Black Swan Subject Companies are reported in three streams; crude oil, natural gas and NGLs.
The SEC has defined proved reserves as the estimated quantities of crude oil, natural gas, and NGLs that geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. The process of estimating crude oil, natural gas and NGLs reserves is complex, requiring significant decisions in the evaluation of available geological, geophysical, engineering and economic data. The data for a given property may also change substantially over time as a result of numerous factors, including additional development activity, evolving production history and a continual reassessment of the viability of production under changing economic conditions. As a result, material revisions to existing reserve estimates occur from time to time. Although every reasonable effort is made to ensure that reserve estimates reported represent the most accurate assessments possible, the subjective decisions and variances in available data for various properties increase the likelihood of significant changes in these estimates. If such changes are material, they could significantly affect future amortization of capitalized costs and result in impairment of assets that may be material.
The following tables provide an analysis of the changes in estimated proved reserve quantities of crude oil, natural gas and NGLs for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, all of which are located within the United States:
| Year ended December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||
| Crude Oil (Bbl) |
Natural Gas (Mcf) |
Liquids (Bbl) |
Total Boe |
|||||||||||||
| Proved reserves as of December 31, 2021 |
19,701,664 | 26,058,936 | 5,934,808 | 29,979,628 | ||||||||||||
| Revisions of previous estimates |
(52,804 | ) | (5,197,998 | ) | (793,578 | ) | (1,712,715 | ) | ||||||||
| Extensions, discoveries and other additions |
36,399,552 | 56,263,645 | 13,714,262 | 59,491,088 | ||||||||||||
| Production |
(2,294,457 | ) | (841,987 | ) | (254,533 | ) | (2,689,321 | ) | ||||||||
| Sales of minerals in place |
— | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Purchase of minerals in place |
89,133 | 43,876 | 11,609 | 108,055 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Proved reserves as of December 31, 2022 |
53,843,088 | 76,326,472 | 18,612,568 | 85,176,735 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Proved developed reserves |
||||||||||||||||
| Beginning of year |
3,277,891 | 2,410,025 | 550,133 | 4,229,695 | ||||||||||||
| End of year |
14,033,525 | 14,173,075 | 3,462,681 | 19,858,385 | ||||||||||||
| Proved undeveloped reserves |
||||||||||||||||
| Beginning of year |
16,423,775 | 23,648,906 | 5,384,674 | 25,749,934 | ||||||||||||
| End of year |
39,809,558 | 62,153,387 | 15,149,887 | 65,318,342 | ||||||||||||
22
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
| Year ended December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||||||
| Crude Oil (Bbl) |
Natural Gas (Mcf) |
Liquids (Bbl) |
Total Boe |
|||||||||||||
| Proved reserves as of December 31, 2020 |
718,714 | 301,005 | 64,707 | 833,589 | ||||||||||||
| Revisions of previous estimates |
623,729 | 340,389 | 85,516 | 765,976 | ||||||||||||
| Extensions, discoveries and other additions |
17,979,452 | 25,529,885 | 5,812,959 | 28,047,391 | ||||||||||||
| Production |
(334,925 | ) | (142,573 | ) | (35,387 | ) | (394,074 | ) | ||||||||
| Sales of minerals in place |
— | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Purchase of minerals in place |
714,694 | 30,230 | 7,013 | 726,746 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Proved reserves as of December 31, 2021 |
19,701,664 | 26,058,936 | 5,934,808 | 29,979,628 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Proved developed reserves |
||||||||||||||||
| Beginning of year |
718,714 | 301,005 | 64,707 | 833,589 | ||||||||||||
| End of year |
3,277,891 | 2,410,025 | 550,133 | 4,229,695 | ||||||||||||
| Proved undeveloped reserves |
||||||||||||||||
| Beginning of year |
— | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
| End of year |
16,423,775 | 23,648,906 | 5,384,674 | 25,749,934 | ||||||||||||
For the year ended December 31, 2022, extensions, discoveries and other additions resulted primarily from the addition of 75 proved undeveloped locations for 55,939,335 Boe and 3,551,753 Boe from new wells drilled.
For the year ended December 31, 2021, extensions, discoveries and other additions resulted primarily from the addition of 57 proved undeveloped locations for 25,749,934 Boe and 2,297,457 Boe from new wells drilled.
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved crude oil and natural gas reserves
The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows does not purport to be, nor should it be interpreted to present, the fair value of the oil, NGL and natural gas reserves of the property. An estimate of fair value would take into account, among other things, the recovery of reserves not presently classified as proved, the value of proved properties and consideration of expected future economic and operating conditions.
23
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
The estimates of future cash flows and future production and development costs as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 are based on realized prices, which reflect adjustments to the benchmark prices for quality, certain transportation fees, geographical differentials, marketing bonuses or deductions and other factors affecting the price received at the delivery point. All realized prices are held flat over the forecast period for all reserve categories in calculating the discounted future net cash flows. In accordance with SEC regulations, the proved reserves were anticipated to be economically producible from the “as of date” forward based on existing economic conditions, including prices and costs at which economic producibility from a reservoir was determined. These costs, held flat over the forecast period, include development costs, operating costs, ad valorem and production taxes and abandonment costs after salvage. Future income tax expenses would have been computed using the appropriate year-end statutory tax rates applied to the future pretax net cash flows from proved oil, NGL and natural gas reserves, less the tax basis of the oil and natural gas properties of Black Swan Subject Companies. The estimated future net cash flows are then discounted at a rate of 10%.
The following table presents the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved oil, NGL and natural gas reserves for the periods presented (in thousands):
| December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Future cash inflows |
$ | 6,303,482 | $ | 1,551,807 | ||||
| Future production costs |
(1,308,482 | ) | (401,556 | ) | ||||
| Future development and abandonment costs |
(935,058 | ) | (291,214 | ) | ||||
| Future income taxes |
(33,093 | ) | (8,147 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Future net cash flows |
4,026,849 | 850,890 | ||||||
| 10% annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows |
(1,827,006 | ) | (389,836 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows |
$ | 2,199,843 | $ | 461,054 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
It is not intended that the FASB’s standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows represent the fair market value of the proved reserves of Black Swan Subject Companies. Black Swan Subject Companies caution that the disclosures shown are based on estimates of proved reserve quantities and future production schedules which are inherently imprecise and subject to revision, and the 10% discount rate is arbitrary. In addition, prices and costs as of the measurement date are used in the determinations, and no value may be assigned to probable or possible reserves.
24
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
December 31, 2022 and 2021
The following table presents the changes in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved oil, NGL and natural gas reserves for the periods presented (in thousands):
| December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows at January 1 |
$ | 461,054 | $ | 4,969 | ||||
| Net change in prices and production costs |
384,037 | 14,143 | ||||||
| Changes in estimated future development and abandonment costs |
(15,314 | ) | (55 | ) | ||||
| Sales of crude oil and natural gas produced, net of production costs |
(170,396 | ) | (15,341 | ) | ||||
| Extensions, discoveries and improved recoveries, less related costs |
1,379,643 | 438,440 | ||||||
| Purchases (sales) of minerals in place, net |
1,686 | 11,997 | ||||||
| Revisions of previous quantity estimates |
(41,407 | ) | 10,750 | |||||
| Development costs incurred during the period |
171,908 | — | ||||||
| Change in income taxes |
(13,787 | ) | (4,799 | ) | ||||
| Accretion of discount |
46,597 | 509 | ||||||
| Change in timing of estimated future production and other |
(4,178 | ) | 441 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net change |
1,738,789 | 456,085 | ||||||
| Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows at December 31 |
$ | 2,199,843 | $ | 461,054 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Estimates of economically recoverable oil, NGL and natural gas reserves and of future net cash flows are based upon a number of variable factors and assumptions, all of which are, to some degree, subjective and may vary considerably from actual results. Therefore, actual production, revenues, development and operating expenditures may not occur as estimated. The reserve data are estimates only, are subject to many uncertainties and are based on data gained from production histories and on assumptions as to geologic formations and other matters. Actual quantities of oil, NGL and natural gas may differ materially from the amounts estimated.
25
Exhibit 99.10
CERTAIN INTERESTS IN 1025 INVESTMENTS, LLC
Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses
December 31, 2022 and 2021
(With Independent Auditors’ Report Thereon)
CERTAIN INTERESTS IN 1025 INVESTMENTS, LLC
Table of Contents
| Page | ||||
| Independent Auditors’ Report |
1 | |||
| Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses |
3 | |||
| Notes to Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses |
4 | |||
| Supplemental Oil and Gas Information (Unaudited) |
6 | |||
Report of Independent Auditors
The Board of Managers
1025 Investments, LLC
Report on the Audit of the Financial Statements
Opinion
We have audited the financial statements of certain oil and gas properties of 1025 Investments, LLC, to be acquired by Ovintiv USA Inc. (the “Properties”) which comprise the statements of revenues and direct operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the related notes to the financial statements.
In our opinion, the accompanying financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the revenues and direct operating expenses of the Properties of 1025 Investments, LLC for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America using the basis of presentation described in Note 1.
Basis for Opinion
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAS). Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. We are required to be independent of 1025 Investments, LLC and to meet our other ethical responsibilities, in accordance with the relevant ethical requirements relating to our audits. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.
Emphasis of Matter
As described in Note 1, the accompanying financial statements were prepared for the purpose of complying with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and are not intended to be a complete presentation of the financial position, results of operations, or cash flows of the Properties. Our opinion is not modified with respect to this matter.
Responsibilities of Management for the Financial Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and for the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
1
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not absolute assurance and therefore is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with GAAS will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. Misstatements are considered material if there is a substantial likelihood that, individually or in the aggregate, they would influence the judgment made by a reasonable user based on the financial statements.
In performing an audit in accordance with GAAS, we:
| • | Exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. |
| • | Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, and design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. |
| • | Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of 1025 Investments, LLC’s internal control. Accordingly, no such opinion is expressed. |
| • | Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluate the overall presentation of the financial statements. |
We are required to communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit, significant audit findings, and certain internal control–related matters that we identified during the audit.
| Dallas, Texas |
| April 14, 2023 |
2
CERTAIN INTERESTS IN 1025 INVESTMENTS, LLC
Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses
(in thousands)
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| REVENUES: |
||||||||
| Crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids royalties |
$ | 5,851 | $ | 422 | ||||
| DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES: |
||||||||
| Severance taxes |
326 | 17 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| REVENUES IN EXCESS OF DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES |
$ | 5,525 | $ | 405 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
3
CERTAIN INTERESTS IN 1025 INVESTMENTS, LLC
Notes to the Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses
Note 1. Basis of Presentation
Description
On February 12, 2019, Black Swan Oil & Gas, LLC (“BSOG”) formed 1025 Investments, LLC (“1025 Investments”), a wholly owned subsidiary, to own certain mineral and royalty interests with respect to BSOG and third-party operated oil and gas properties.
The accompanying statements of revenues and direct operating expenses (the “Statements”) represent certain interests held in 1025 Investments (the “Interests”). The Statements vary from a complete income statement in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) as they do not include certain revenues recognized and expenses, including but not limited to general and administrative expenses, depletion and amortization, provision for income taxes and other income and expense items not directly associated with revenues from crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids (“NGLs”). Furthermore, no balance sheet has been presented for the Interests as they were not accounted for as a separate subsidiary or division and complete financial statements thereof are not available, nor has information about the operating, investing, and financing cash flows been provided for similar reasons. Accordingly, the Statements are presented in lieu of full financial statements. The Statements are not indicative of the results of operations on a go forward basis.
Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Use of Estimates
Preparation of the Statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management of 1025 Investments to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues and direct operating expenses during the reporting periods for the Interests. Actual results could differ from the estimates and assumptions utilized.
Revenue Recognition
Crude oil, natural gas and NGLs royalty revenues are recognized at the point in time when control of the product is transferred to the purchaser by the operator and collectability of the sales price is reasonably assured. Revenues are priced on the delivery date based on prevailing market prices with certain adjustments related to quality and physical location.
The following table presents the disaggregation of crude oil, natural gas and NGL revenue of the Interests (in thousands):
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Crude oil |
$ | 4,560 | $ | 319 | ||||
| Natural gas |
694 | 7 | ||||||
| NGLs |
597 | 96 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total crude oil, natural gas and NGL sales, net |
$ | 5,851 | $ | 422 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
4
CERTAIN INTERESTS IN 1025 INVESTMENTS, LLC
Notes to the Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses
Direct Operating Expenses
Direct operating expenses are recognized when incurred and consist of production taxes associated with royalty revenues. Under US GAAP, royalty payments are reduced only by applicable state severance taxes.
Note 3. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Contingencies
The Interests may become subject to potential claims and litigation in the normal course of operations. 1025 Investments is not aware of any legal, environmental or other contingencies that would have a material effect on the Statements.
Note 4. Subsequent Events
On April 3, 2023, Ovintiv Inc. announced it had entered into a definitive purchase agreement to purchase the Interests, with an effective date of January 1, 2023. The purchase of the Interests is expected to close during the second fiscal quarter, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions and customary closing adjustments.
1025 Investments has evaluated subsequent events through April 14, 2023, the date the Statements were available to be issued, and has concluded there are no other material subsequent events that would require recognition or disclosure in these Statements other than as described above.
5
CERTAIN INTERESTS IN 1025 INVESTMENTS, LLC
Notes to the Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses
Note 5. Supplemental Oil and Gas Information (Unaudited)
Net Proved Oil, NGL and Natural Gas Reserves
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, 1025 Investments utilized LaRoche Petroleum Consultants, Ltd. in the preparation of the oil and gas reserves of the Interests. In accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regulations, the reserves as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were estimated using realized prices, which reflect adjustments to the benchmark prices for quality, certain transportation fees, geographical differentials, marketing bonuses or deductions and other factors affecting the price received at the delivery point. The reserves of the Interests are reported in three streams; crude oil, natural gas and NGLs.
The SEC has defined proved reserves as the estimated quantities of crude oil, natural gas, and NGLs that geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. The process of estimating crude oil, natural gas and NGLs reserves is complex, requiring significant decisions in the evaluation of available geological, geophysical, engineering and economic data. The data for a given property may also change substantially over time as a result of numerous factors, including additional development activity, evolving production history and a continual reassessment of the viability of production under changing economic conditions. As a result, material revisions to existing reserve estimates occur from time to time. Although every reasonable effort is made to ensure that reserve estimates reported represent the most accurate assessments possible, the subjective decisions and variances in available data for various properties increase the likelihood of significant changes in these estimates. If such changes are material, they could significantly affect future amortization of capitalized costs and result in impairment of assets that may be material.
The following tables provide an analysis of the changes in estimated proved reserve quantities of crude oil, natural gas and NGLs for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 for the Interests, all of which are located within the United States:
| Year ended December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||
| Crude Oil (Bbl) |
Natural Gas (Mcf) |
Liquids (Bbl) |
Total Boe |
|||||||||||||
| Proved reserves as of December 31, 2021 |
725,086 | 965,699 | 219,913 | 1,105,949 | ||||||||||||
| Revisions of previous estimates |
(12,938 | ) | (190,419 | ) | (28,827 | ) | (73,502 | ) | ||||||||
| Extensions, discoveries and other additions |
1,361,846 | 2,109,530 | 514,198 | 2,227,632 | ||||||||||||
| Production |
(82,415 | ) | (31,276 | ) | (9,616 | ) | (97,243 | ) | ||||||||
| Sales of minerals in place |
— | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Purchase of minerals in place |
1,996 | 994 | 263 | 2,425 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Proved reserves as of December 31, 2022 |
1,993,575 | 2,854,528 | 695,931 | 3,165,261 | ||||||||||||
| Proved developed reserves |
||||||||||||||||
| Beginning of year |
122,678 | 96,969 | 22,110 | 160,950 | ||||||||||||
| End of year |
489,230 | 513,012 | 125,187 | 699,919 | ||||||||||||
| Proved undeveloped reserves |
||||||||||||||||
| Beginning of year |
602,408 | 868,730 | 197,803 | 944,999 | ||||||||||||
| End of year |
1,504,345 | 2,341,516 | 570,744 | 2,465,342 | ||||||||||||
6
CERTAIN INTERESTS IN 1025 INVESTMENTS, LLC
Notes to the Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses
| Year ended December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||||||
| Crude Oil (Bbl) |
Natural Gas (Mcf) |
Liquids (Bbl) |
Total Boe |
|||||||||||||
| Proved reserves as of December 31, 2020 |
26,588 | 17,471 | 3,225 | 32,725 | ||||||||||||
| Revisions of previous estimates |
20,346 | 8,538 | 2,811 | 24,580 | ||||||||||||
| Extensions, discoveries and other additions |
664,635 | 943,969 | 214,935 | 1,036,898 | ||||||||||||
| Production |
(10,377 | ) | (4,279 | ) | (1,058 | ) | (12,148 | ) | ||||||||
| Sales of minerals in place |
— | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Purchase of minerals in place |
23,894 | — | — | 23,894 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Proved reserves as of December 31, 2021 |
725,086 | 965,699 | 219,913 | 1,105,949 | ||||||||||||
| Proved developed reserves |
||||||||||||||||
| Beginning of year |
26,588 | 17,471 | 3,225 | 32,725 | ||||||||||||
| End of year |
122,678 | 96,969 | 22,110 | 160,950 | ||||||||||||
| Proved undeveloped reserves |
||||||||||||||||
| Beginning of year |
— | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
| End of year |
602,408 | 868,730 | 197,803 | 944,999 | ||||||||||||
For the year ended December 31, 2022, extensions, discoveries and other additions resulted primarily from the addition of 83 proved undeveloped locations due to permitting and drilling activity for 2,107,678 Boe and 119,954 Boe from new wells drilled by operators of the properties under which we own mineral interests.
For the year ended December 31, 2021, extensions, discoveries and other additions resulted primarily from the addition of 37 proved undeveloped locations due to permitting and drilling activity for 944,999 Boe and 91,899 Boe from new wells drilled by operators of the properties under which we own mineral interests.
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved crude oil and natural gas reserves
The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows does not purport to be, nor should it be interpreted to present, the fair value of the oil, NGL and natural gas reserves of the property. An estimate of fair value would take into account, among other things, the recovery of reserves not presently classified as proved, the value of proved properties and consideration of expected future economic and operating conditions.
7
CERTAIN INTERESTS IN 1025 INVESTMENTS, LLC
Notes to the Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses
The estimates of future cash flows and future production and development costs as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 are based on realized prices, which reflect adjustments to the benchmark prices for quality, certain transportation fees, geographical differentials, marketing bonuses or deductions and other factors affecting the price received at the delivery point. All realized prices are held flat over the forecast period for all reserve categories in calculating the discounted future net cash flows. In accordance with SEC regulations, the proved reserves were anticipated to be economically producible from the “as of date” forward based on existing economic conditions, including prices and costs at which economic producibility from a reservoir was determined. Future income tax expenses would have been computed using the appropriate year-end statutory tax rates applied to the future pretax net cash flows from proved oil, NGL and natural gas reserves, less the tax basis of the oil and natural gas properties of the Interests. The estimated future net cash flows are then discounted at a rate of 10%.
The following table presents the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved oil, NGL and natural gas reserves of the Interests for the periods presented (in thousands):
| December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Future cash inflows |
$ | 233,849 | $ | 57,182 | ||||
| Future production costs |
(15,062 | ) | (3,637 | ) | ||||
| Future development and abandonment costs |
— | — | ||||||
| Future income taxes |
(1,227 | ) | (301 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Future net cash flows |
217,560 | 53,244 | ||||||
| 10% annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows |
(94,093 | ) | (22,029 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows |
$ | 123,467 | $ | 31,215 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
It is not intended that the FASB’s standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows represent the fair market value of the proved reserves of the Interests. 1025 Investments cautions that the disclosures shown are based on estimates of proved reserve quantities and future production schedules which are inherently imprecise and subject to revision, and the 10% discount rate is arbitrary. In addition, prices and costs as of the measurement date are used in the determinations, and no value may be assigned to probable or possible reserves.
8
CERTAIN INTERESTS IN 1025 INVESTMENTS, LLC
Notes to the Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses
The following table presents the changes in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved oil, NGL and natural gas reserves of Interests in 1025 Investments for the periods presented (in thousands):
| December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows at January 1 |
$ | 31,215 | 610 | |||||
| Net change in prices and production costs |
15,340 | 690 | ||||||
| Changes in estimated future development and abandonment costs |
— | — | ||||||
| Sales of crude oil and natural gas produced, net of production costs |
(7,563 | ) | (779 | ) | ||||
| Extensions, discoveries and improved recoveries, less related costs |
84,196 | 29,187 | ||||||
| Purchases (sales) of minerals in place, net |
120 | 766 | ||||||
| Revisions of previous quantity estimates |
(1,884 | ) | 820 | |||||
| Development costs incurred during the period |
— | — | ||||||
| Change in income taxes |
(520 | ) | (173 | ) | ||||
| Accretion of discount |
3,139 | 61 | ||||||
| Change in timing of estimated future production and other |
(576 | ) | 33 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net change |
92,252 | 30,605 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows at December 31 |
$ | 123,467 | 31,215 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Estimates of economically recoverable oil, NGL and natural gas reserves and of future net cash flows are based upon a number of variable factors and assumptions, all of which are, to some degree, subjective and may vary considerably from actual results. Therefore, actual production, revenues, development and operating expenditures may not occur as estimated. The reserve data are estimates only, are subject to many uncertainties and are based on data gained from production histories and on assumptions as to geologic formations and other matters. Actual quantities of oil, NGL and natural gas may differ materially from the amounts estimated.
9
Exhibit 99.11
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC
Condensed Financial Statements
March 31, 2023 and 2022
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC
Index
March 31, 2023 and 2022
| Page(s) | ||||
| Condensed Financial Statements |
||||
| Balance Sheets |
3 | |||
| Statements of Operations |
4 | |||
| Statements of Changes in Members’ Equity |
5 | |||
| Statements of Cash Flows |
6 | |||
| Notes to Condensed Financial Statements |
7–16 | |||
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC
Balance Sheets
March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022
| (in thousands of dollars) | March 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | ||||||
| Assets |
||||||||
| Current assets |
||||||||
| Cash |
$ | 33,330 | $ | 33,829 | ||||
| Accounts receivable |
71,599 | 67,229 | ||||||
| Related party receivable |
5,303 | 4,406 | ||||||
| Prepaid expenses |
579 | 648 | ||||||
| Derivative contracts |
9,074 | 12,197 | ||||||
| Other current assets |
378 | 377 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current assets |
120,263 | 118,686 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Oil and natural gas properties, successful efforts method |
||||||||
| Proved properties |
1,018,444 | 906,473 | ||||||
| Unproved properties |
37,307 | 29,205 | ||||||
| Wells-in-progress |
152,301 | 150,083 | ||||||
| Less: Accumulated depletion |
(230,770 | ) | (204,840 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Oil and natural gas properties, net |
977,282 | 880,921 | ||||||
| Other property and equipment, net |
1,270 | 1,321 | ||||||
| Derivative contracts |
4,783 | 7,246 | ||||||
| Other assets |
1,519 | 1,748 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total assets |
$ | 1,105,117 | $ | 1,009,922 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Liabilities and Members’ Equity |
||||||||
| Current Liabilities |
||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
$ | 61,767 | $ | 46,865 | ||||
| Related party payable |
11,439 | 5,371 | ||||||
| Accrued capital expenses |
53,934 | 61,619 | ||||||
| Oil and natural gas revenue payable |
36,241 | 36,015 | ||||||
| Income taxes payable |
67 | 67 | ||||||
| Derivative contracts |
7,207 | 15,012 | ||||||
| Asset retirement obligation—current portion |
3,342 | 3,342 | ||||||
| Other current liabilities |
150 | 147 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current liabilities |
174,147 | 168,438 | ||||||
| Long-term debt |
224,000 | 200,000 | ||||||
| Asset retirement obligation, net of current portion |
12,092 | 11,812 | ||||||
| Deferred income taxes |
3,194 | 2,688 | ||||||
| Derivative contracts |
3,599 | 7,013 | ||||||
| Other long-term liabilities |
288 | 340 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total liabilities |
417,320 | 390,291 | ||||||
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 10) |
||||||||
| Members’ equity |
687,797 | 619,631 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total liabilities and members’ equity |
$ | 1,105,117 | $ | 1,009,922 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.
3
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC
Statements of Operations
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
| Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
| (in thousands of dollars) | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||
| Revenues |
||||||||
| Oil and condensate |
$ | 111,574 | $ | 89,338 | ||||
| Natural gas |
1,840 | 928 | ||||||
| Natural gas liquids |
4,163 | 3,524 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total revenues |
117,577 | 93,790 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Operating expenses |
||||||||
| Lease operating expenses |
24,751 | 8,049 | ||||||
| Production taxes |
5,428 | 4,276 | ||||||
| Exploration expense |
21 | 26 | ||||||
| Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
25,983 | 17,053 | ||||||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligations |
164 | 170 | ||||||
| General and administrative |
1,342 | 699 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total operating expenses |
57,689 | 30,273 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Operating income |
59,888 | 63,517 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Other income (expense) |
||||||||
| Interest expense, net |
(4,436 | ) | (1,263 | ) | ||||
| Gain (Loss) on derivative contracts, net |
7,217 | (45,608 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total other income (expense), net |
2,781 | (46,871 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net income before income tax |
62,669 | 16,646 | ||||||
| Deferred income tax benefit (expense) |
(506 | ) | (179 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net income |
$ | 62,163 | $ | 16,467 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.
4
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC
Statements of Changes in Members’ Equity
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
| Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
| (in thousands of dollars) | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||
| Members’ Equity, beginning of period |
$ | 619,631 | $ | 375,923 | ||||
| Capital contributions received from Parent |
— | 11,840 | ||||||
| Non-cash settlement of related party payables |
5,371 | — | ||||||
| Non-cash oil and gas property contributions from related party |
632 | — | ||||||
| Net income |
62,163 | 16,467 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Members’ Equity, end of period |
$ | 687,797 | $ | 404,230 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.
5
PetroLegacy Energy II,
Statements of Cash Flows
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
| Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
| (in thousands of dollars) | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities |
||||||||
| Net income |
$ | 62,163 | $ | 16,467 | ||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities |
||||||||
| Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
25,983 | 17,052 | ||||||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligations |
164 | 170 | ||||||
| (Gain) Loss on derivative contracts |
(7,217 | ) | 45,608 | |||||
| Net cash settlements paid on derivative contracts |
(1,381 | ) | (7,853 | ) | ||||
| Change in assets and liabilities |
||||||||
| Accounts receivable |
(1,770 | ) | (30,401 | ) | ||||
| Related party receivable |
(897 | ) | (445 | ) | ||||
| Prepaid expenses |
69 | 6 | ||||||
| Other assets |
228 | 53 | ||||||
| Accounts payable and oil and natural gas revenue payable |
1,827 | 8,976 | ||||||
| Related party payable |
11,438 | 3,455 | ||||||
| Accrued expenses |
6,048 | (2,640 | ) | |||||
| Deferred income tax |
506 | 179 | ||||||
| Other liabilities |
(49 | ) | 52 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities |
97,112 | 50,679 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Cash flows from investing activities |
||||||||
| Acquisition of oil and natural gas properties |
(7,470 | ) | (11,506 | ) | ||||
| Exploration and development expenditures |
(114,141 | ) | (81,196 | ) | ||||
| Additions to other property and equipment |
— | (100 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash used in investing activities |
(121,611 | ) | (92,802 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Cash flows from financing activities |
||||||||
| Proceeds received from capital contributions |
— | 11,840 | ||||||
| Proceeds from borrowings on credit facility |
24,000 | 37,000 | ||||||
| Payment of deferred financing costs |
— | (538 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities |
24,000 | 48,302 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
(499 | ) | 6,179 | |||||
| Cash and cash equivalents |
||||||||
| Beginning of period |
33,829 | 6,349 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| End of period |
$ | 33,330 | $ | 12,528 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: |
||||||||
| Interest paid, net of capitalized interest |
$ | 1,895 | $ | 1,163 | ||||
| Supplementatl disclosure of non-cash transactions: |
||||||||
| Change in accrued capital expenditures |
$ | (67 | ) | $ | (5,533 | ) | ||
| Change in asset retirement obligation |
116 | 72 | ||||||
| Oil and gas property contributions to related party |
632 | — | ||||||
| Settlement of related party payables |
5,371 | — | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.
6
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
March 31, 2023 2022
| 1. | Organization and Operations of the Company |
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC, (the “Company”) was organized as a Delaware limited liability company (“LLC”) on August 31, 2016 for the purpose to acquire, own, maintain, renew, drill, develop and operate oil and natural gas interests and related assets. The Company began operations in April 2017 with its first asset acquisition.
On September 8, 2017, the Company was restructured and PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC, a Delaware LLC, and Peacemaker Royalties, LP were formed. The membership interests in PetroLegacy were assigned to PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC, which is an entity under common control. PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC became the parent company to PetroLegacy.
In March 2023, the Company received an assignment of mineral interests from Peacemaker Royalties, LP, a related company under PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC. The effective date of this assignment was January 1, 2023. The Company is accounting for the activities and balances associated with the contributed interests as if they were contributed as of the beginning of the earliest period presented in accordance with common control guidance.
Current operations are concentrated in the Midland Basin of Texas. All references to “we”, “our”, “us”, “PetroLegacy” and the “Company” refer to PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC.
| 2. | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying condensed financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and include the accounts of PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC.
Accounts Receivable
The Company records estimated oil and natural gas revenue receivable from third parties offset by revenue payable liability to arrive at its net revenue interests. The Company also reflects costs incurred on behalf of joint interest partners in accounts receivable. Management routinely reviews outstanding balances, assesses the financial strength of customers and joint interest partners and records a reserve for amounts not expected to be fully recovered. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 the Company did not record any allowance for doubtful accounts.
Oil and Natural Gas Properties
The Company follows the successful efforts method of accounting for oil and natural gas properties. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 the Company recorded depletion expense on oil and natural gas properties of $26.0 million and $17.1 million, respectively.
The costs of exploratory wells are initially capitalized pending a determination of whether proved reserves have been found. As of March 31, 2023 and as of December 31, 2022, the Company excluded $152.3 million and $150.1 million, respectively, of capitalized costs from depletion and impairment related to wells-in-progress, in the accompanying condensed balance sheets.
Impairment of Oil and Natural Gas Properties
Proved oil and natural gas properties are reviewed for impairment annually or when events and circumstances indicate a possible decline in the recoverability of the carrying amount of such property. No impairment expense was recognized attributable to proved oil and natural gas properties for the three months ended March 31, 2023 nor for the three months ended March 31, 2022.
7
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
March 31, 2023 2022
The Company evaluates significant unproved oil and natural gas properties for impairment based on remaining lease term, drilling results, reservoir performance, seismic interpretation or future plans to develop acreage. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and the three months ended March 31, 2022, there was no impairment expense recorded related to unproved property. Further, lease acquisition costs are capitalized until the lease expires or when the Company specifically identifies the lease will revert to the lessor, at which time the Company expenses the associated lease acquisition costs. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company did not record any expired lease costs.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
To be Adopted in a Future Period
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” This ASU, along with subsequent related updates and amendments, replaces the current incurred loss model for measurement of credit losses on financial assets including trade receivables with a forward-looking expected loss model based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The ASU is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those years. During their October 2019 board meeting the FASB delayed the effective date for private entities with fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. We are evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on our condensed financial statements.
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740) Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes.” This update is intended to simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions and by clarifying and amending existing guidance. This update is effective for private entities with fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. We are evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on our condensed financial statements.
The Company considers the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs not listed above were assessed and determined to be either not applicable or clarifications of ASUs previously disclosed.
| 3. | Related Parties |
The Company conducts a significant number of transactions with Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC (“Pearlsnap”) and Peacemaker Royalties, LP (“Peacemaker”), both subsidiaries of PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC. Pearlsnap gathers produced water for the majority of the Company’s operated assets. Additionally, Pearlsnap provides both fresh and recycled water for the Company’s completion activities. Rates associated with these activities are considered to be at market rates. Peacemaker owns both overriding and royalty interests in most of the Company’s wells.
The employees of the Company also provide support services for both Pearlsnap and Peacemaker. The cost of these support services are allocated to Pearlsnap and Peacemaker under the terms of a master service agreement. Related to the master service agreement, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company charged Pearlsnap $460 thousand and $168 thousand, respectively. Additionally, related to the master service agreement, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company charged Peacemaker $189 thousand and $71 thousand, respectively.
8
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
March 31, 2023 2022
For the three months ended March 31, 2023, water gathering costs incurred with Pearlsnap totaled $4.2 million; $3.4 million of these costs are presented on the statements of operations in lease operating expenses and $0.8 million are capitalized as part of the completion activities and presented in the proved properties line on the balance sheets. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, water gathering costs incurred with Pearlsnap totaled $1.5 million. $1.1 million of these costs are presented on the statements of operations in lease operating expenses and $0.4 million are capitalized as part of the completion activities and presented in the proved properties line on the balance sheets.
For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, fresh and recycled water purchased from Pearlsnap totaled $2.4 million and $1.6 million, respectively. These costs are capitalized as part of the completion activities and are presented in the proved properties line on the balance sheets.
As of March 31, 2023 and as of December 31, 2022, PetroLegacy owed Peacemaker $5.7 million and $5.4 million in mineral interest royalties, respectively.
The following table shows the related party receivable and payable by party as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
| (in thousands of dollars) | As of March 31, 2023 |
As of December 31, 2022 |
||||||
| Related party receivable |
||||||||
| Owed by Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC |
$ | 3,508 | $ | 2,909 | ||||
| Owed by Peacemaker Royalty, LP |
1,340 | 1,077 | ||||||
| Owed by Petrolegacy II Holdings, LLC |
455 | 420 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total related party receivable |
$ | 5,303 | $ | 4,406 | ||||
| Related party payable |
||||||||
| Owed to Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC |
$ | 5,737 | $ | 1 | ||||
| Owed to Peacemaker Royalty, LP |
5,702 | 5,370 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total related party payable |
$ | 11,439 | $ | 5,371 | ||||
Further, the Company contracts with a variety of companies to provide both land broker services. One of the companies engaged to perform work on behalf of the Company is owned and operated by immediate family members of an employee of the Company. The Company paid approximately $157 thousand to this company during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and $100 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2022. There was no liability included in accounts payable attributable to this related party as of March 31, 2023 nor as of December 31, 2022.
| 4. | Asset Acquisitions, Divestitures, and Exchanges |
Acquisitions
In the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company entered into three asset acquisitions totaling $4.4 million and other leasehold and property acquisitions totaling $3.0 million in cash paid for approximately 520 net aces combined in Martin County, Texas.
In the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company entered into three asset acquisitions totaling $3.8 million and other leasehold and property acquisitions totaling $3.2 million in cash paid for approximately 677 net acres combined in Martin County and Dawson County, Texas.
9
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
March 31, 2023 2022
| 5. | Derivative Instruments |
The Company utilizes swap contracts and two-way collar options. All derivative instruments are recorded as derivative contracts, on the Company’s balance sheets as either assets or liabilities measured at their fair value (see Note 6 — “Fair Value Measurements”). The Company has not designated any derivative instruments as hedges for accounting purposes and does not enter into such instruments for speculative trading purposes.
At March 31, 2023, the Company had the following outstanding commodity derivative instruments (fair value by derivative instrument below are net):
| Settlement Period |
Derivative Instrument |
Weighted Average Prices | Fair Value (Liabilities) |
Asset | Liability | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commodity | Volumes | Swap | Floor | Ceiling | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
Current | Basis Swap (Mid/Cush) | 1,186,500 | bbls | $ | 0.64 | $ | (335,535 | ) | $ | 63,473 | $ | (399,008 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
Current | Basis Swap (CMA Roll) | 347,451 | bbls | $ | 0.32 | (205,085 | ) | — | (205,085 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
Current | Two-way collar | 1,570,182 | bbls | $ | 50.00 | $ | 106.48 | 1,761,089 | 7,713,664 | (5,952,576 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
Current | Roll Swap | 913,500 | bbls | $ | 0.30 | (170,461 | ) | 54,445 | (224,906 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
Current | Basis Swap | 1,008,912 | mmbtu | $ | (1.57 | ) | (61,090 | ) | 247,083 | (308,173 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
Current | Swap | 37,500 | mmbtu | $ | 4.85 | 75,988 | 75,988 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
Current | Two-way collar | 918,135 | mmbtu | $ | 2.40 | $ | 12.61 | 801,701 | 919,089 | (117,388 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
Non-Current | Basis Swap (Mid/Cush) | 478,000 | bbls | $ | 0.63 | (219,270 | ) | — | (219,270 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
Non-Current | Two-way collar | 546,000 | bbls | $ | 60.00 | $ | 96.05 | 1,434,716 | 4,519,680 | (3,084,965 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
Non-Current | Roll Swap | 427,000 | bbls | $ | 0.21 | (88,894 | ) | — | (88,894 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
Non-Current | Basis Swap | 427,500 | mmbtu | $ | (1.16 | ) | (112,631 | ) | 25,138 | (137,768.75 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
Non-Current | Swap | 57,500 | mmbtu | $ | 4.37 | 50,450 | 50,450 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
Non-Current | Two-way collar | 320,000 | mmbtu | $ | 3.00 | $ | 12.00 | 119,148 | 187,713 | (68,565 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | 3,050,125 | $ | 13,856,723 | $ | (10,806,598 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
At December 31, 2022, the Company had the following outstanding commodity derivative instruments (fair value by derivative instrument below are net):
| Settlement Period |
Derivative Instrument |
Weighted Average Prices | Fair Value Assets (Liabilities) |
Asset | Liability | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commodity | Volumes | Swap | Floor | Ceiling | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2023 | Basis Swap (Mid/Cush) | 1,475,500 | bbls | $ | 0.71 | $ | (163,645 | ) | $ | 180,895 | $ | (344,540 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2023 | Basis Swap (CMA Roll) | 478,702 | bbls | $ | 0.31 | (273,563 | ) | 7,086 | (280,649 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2023 | Two-way collar | 2,054,732 | bbls | 45.00 | 107.23 | (3,412,402 | ) | 10,078,511 | (13,490,914 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2023 | Roll Swap | 780,500 | bbls | $ | 0.39 | (106,856 | ) | 93,647 | (200,503 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
2023 | Swap | 35,000 | mmbtu | $ | 4.88 | 25,890 | 25,890 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
2023 | Basis Swap | 1,186,912 | mmbtu | $ | (1.51 | ) | 859,560 | 1,084,721 | (225,161 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
2023 | Two-way collar | 1,086,693 | mmbtu | $ | 2.40 | $ | 24.02 | 256,087 | 726,329 | (470,242 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2024 | Basis Swap (Mid/Cush) | 687,000 | bbls | $ | 0.51 | (375,910 | ) | — | (375,910 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2024 | Two-way collar | 764,000 | bbls | $ | 60.00 | $ | 103.50 | 484,204 | 6,789,010 | (6,304,806 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil |
2024 | Roll Swap | 253,000 | bbls | $ | 0.17 | (92,516 | ) | — | (92,516 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
2024 | Swap | 60,000 | mmbtu | $ | 4.37 | 24,863 | 24,863 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
2024 | Basis Swap | 585,000 | mmbtu | (1.18 | ) | 72,446 | 186,199 | (113,753 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
2024 | Two-way collar | 470,000 | mmbtu | 3 | 12.61 | 119,534 | 245,953 | (126,419 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | (2,582,309 | ) | $ | 19,443,102 | $ | (22,025,411 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Company recognized net gain of $7.2 million and net loss of $45.6 million related to derivative instruments for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
10
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
March 31, 2023 2022
The following table summarizes the effects of derivative instruments on the statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
| Statement of Operations Presentation |
Three Months Ended | |||||||||
| (in thousands of dollars) | March 31, 2023 | March 31, 2022 | ||||||||
| Commodity Derivatives |
Gain (Loss) on derivative contracts, net | $ | 7,217 | $ | (45,608 | ) | ||||
| 6. | Fair Value Measurements |
Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The Company classifies its commodity derivatives based upon the data used to determine fair value. The Company’s derivative instruments are in the form of swap contacts, costless collar options and three-way costless collar options based on WTI/NYMEX and Henry Hub/NYMEX pricing for oil and natural gas, respectively. The Company swaps commodity derivatives floating NYMEX rates for fixed rates. The fair value of these derivatives is derived using an independent third-party’s valuation model that utilizes market-corroborated inputs that are observable over the term of the derivative contract. The Company’s fair value calculations also incorporate an estimate of the counterparties’ default risk for derivative assets and an estimate of the Company’s default risk for derivative liabilities. As a result, the Company designates its commodity derivatives as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.
The Company’s derivative instruments expose it to counterparty credit risk, which arises due to the risk of loss from counterparties not performing under the terms of the derivative contract. To minimize such risk, the Company only enters into derivative contracts with counterparties that we determine are creditworthy, which includes performing both quantitative and qualitative assessment of these counterparties, based on their credit rating and credit default swap rates where applicable. Additionally, our derivatives contracts are with multiple counterparties, reducing our exposure to any individual counterparty. Any non-performance risk is considered in the valuations of our derivative instruments, but to date it has not had a material impact on the values of our derivatives.
The following table summarizes the Company’s financial instruments that were subject to fair value measurement as of March 31, 2023:
| Fair Value Measurements Using | ||||||||||||
| (in thousands of dollars) | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |
Significant (Level 3) |
|||||||||
| Instrument |
||||||||||||
| Commodity derivatives—assets |
$ | — | $ | 13,857 | $ | — | ||||||
| Commodity derivatives—liabilities |
$ | — | $ | (10,806 | ) | $ | — | |||||
11
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
March 31, 2023 2022
The following table summarizes the Company’s financial instruments that were subject to fair value measurement as of March 31, 2022:
| Fair Value Measurements Using | ||||||||||||
| (in thousands of dollars) | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) |
Significant Other (Level 2) |
Significant (Level 3) |
|||||||||
| Instrument |
||||||||||||
| Commodity derivatives—assets |
$ | — | $ | 19,443 | $ | — | ||||||
| Commodity derivatives—liabilities |
$ | — | $ | (22,025 | ) | $ | — | |||||
Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
Nonrecurring fair value measurements include the initial recording of certain nonfinancial assets and liabilities as may be acquired in a purchase of oil and natural gas properties and thereby measured at fair value, measurements of oil and natural gas property impairments and the initial recording of asset retirement obligations.
The estimates of fair value for initial recording of acquisitions of oil and natural gas properties, oil and natural gas impairment, and asset retirement obligations are prepared using various cash flow analysis and other assessments. As there is no corroborating market activity to support the assumptions used, the Company has designated these measurements as Level 3.
The carrying amount of cash, trade account receivables, accounts payable, accrued expenses, oil and natural gas revenue payable, and other current liabilities approximate fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments.
In addition, the fair value of our Revolving Bank Loan (“RBL”) approximates its carrying value based on borrowing rates available to the Company for bank loans with similar terms and maturities and is categorized as Level 2 in the valuation hierarchy.
12
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
March 31, 2023 2022
| 7. | Asset Retirement Obligation |
We record the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation (“ARO”) in the period in which it is incurred, along with a corresponding increase in the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset. A summary of the Company’s ARO for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 is as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
| (in thousands of dollars) | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||
| Asset retirement obligations, beginning of period |
$ | 15,154 | $ | 14,370 | ||||
| Liabilities incurred |
116 | 72 | ||||||
| Change in estimate |
— | — | ||||||
| Accretion expense |
164 | 170 | ||||||
| Liabilities settled due to trade of properties |
— | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Asset retirement obligations, end of period |
15,434 | 14,612 | ||||||
| 8. | Long Term Debt |
November 2021 Amended and Restated Credit Agreement
In November 2021, the Company entered into the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“Restated Credit Agreement”) with an overall senior secured line of credit of $500 million maturing November 10, 2024 with BOKF, NA dba Bank of Texas, as Agent and Lead Arranger. The Restated Credit Agreement is reserve-based and subject to semiannual redetermination on or about the first day of May and November each year. The Restated Credit Agreement borrowing base was determined to be $110.0 million.
The terms of the Restated Credit Agreement require the Company to make periodic payments of interest on the loans outstanding thereunder, with all outstanding principal and interest under the RBL due on the maturity date. Interest on the RBL is calculated at the Company’s option, at either (a) the London Interbank Offered rate (“LIBOR”) for the applicable interest period plus a margin of 3.00% to 4.00% or (b) the greatest of the (i) Prime Rate, (ii) the overnight cost of federal funds as announced by the US Federal Reserve System plus 0.50%, and (iii) LIBOR for a one-month period plus a margin of 1.00%. Additional payments due under the Restated Credit Agreement include paying a commitment fee of 0.500%.
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC, as borrower, is subject to certain covenants under the Restated Credit Agreement, including the requirement to maintain the following financial ratios:
| • | as of the last day of any fiscal quarter starting with the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2021 and for each fiscal quarter thereafter, the leverage ratio not to be greater than 3.0 to 1.0; |
| • | commencing with the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2021, a ratio of (i) consolidated current assets (including the unused aggregate commitments) to (ii) consolidated current liabilities (excluding current maturities of the Notes) to be not less than 0.5 to 1.0 and starting with the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2022 and for each fiscal quarter thereafter, to not be less than 1.0 to 1.0. |
13
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
March 31, 2023 2022
In February 2022, the First Amendment to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement was executed. Among other things, new banking entities became a part of the credit agreement and the RBL borrowing base was increased to $170 million.
In May 2022, the Second Amendment to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement was executed. Among other things, the RBL borrowing base was increased to $190 million.
In September 2022, the Third Amendment to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement was executed. Among other things, a new banking entity became a part of the credit agreement and the RBL borrowing based was increased to $235 million.
In December 2022, the RBL borrowing based was increased to $250 million.
For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the average interest rate under the RBL was 8.40% and 3.91%, respectively, on an average outstanding balance of $200.5 million and $102.4 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, total interest and commitment fees under the RBL were $4.3 million and $1.1 million, respectively.
The Company was in compliance with all terms and covenants of our Restated Credit Agreement as of March 31, 2023 and as of March 31, 2022. If an event of default exists under the RBL, the lenders will be able to accelerate the obligations outstanding under the RBL and exercise other rights and remedies. Our Restated Credit Agreement contains customary events of default, including the occurrence of a change of control, as defined in the Restated Credit Agreement.
| 9. | Members’ Equity |
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC was founded on August 31, 2016 upon the execution of an LLC agreement (“LLC Agreement”) between Encap Investments L.P. (“Encap”) and the three initial founders of the Company (collectively, “the Members”).
The LLC agreement obligated the Members to commit $150.0 million of capital contributions to the Company. The LLC Agreement authorized three classes of Membership Interests, Class A, Class B, and Class C Units. The number of units authorized was 1,496,750, 3,250, and 100,000, respectively. Class A and B Units are voting securities. Class C units granted to members of management and employees of the Company in order to share in the profits of and distributions of the Company after certain performance thresholds are achieved and, if and when, distributions are declared by the board. Under the limited liability ownership structure, Class C members are not liable for the expenses, liabilities, or obligations of the Company and do not entitle the holders to have any voting rights with respect to any Company matter. The grants are accounted for as stock- based compensation under ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation and measured at fair value on the grant date, using an income-based fair valuation method and weighted average of expected fund-life. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, stock compensation costs related to non-vested Class C units issued were deemed to be insignificant based on the fair value estimated by the Company.
Upon the creation of PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC, in September 2017, all Member Units previously held in PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and the LLC Agreement were assigned to PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC.
14
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
March 31, 2023 2022
Between 2016 and March 31, 2023, the Members had increased their commitment to PetroLegacy II Holdings to $500.3 million. Periodically, the Members contribute capital to PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC, which subsequently funds its subsidiaries, including PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC, for capital expenditures, acquisitions, and other corporate matters. The total capital contributed by the Members as of March 31, 2023 and as of December 31, 2022 to PetroLegacy II Holdings was $444.0 million leaving its subsidiaries, including PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC, additional capital for development activities. As of March 31, 2023 and as of December 31, 2022, PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC has contributed $389.5 million to PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC.
In January 2022, Class A equity members and Class B equity members agreed to call capital in the amounts of $15.0 million and $24 thousand, respectively. In March 2022, Class A equity members and Class B equity members agreed to call capital in the amounts of $13.0 million and $21 thousand, respectively. Related to these capital calls, the capital contributed to PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC totaled $7.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022.
There were no agreements to call capital in the three months ended March 31, 2023.
| 10. | Commitments and Contingencies |
Litigation
From time to time, the Company may be involved in legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company believes that the final disposition of such current matters will not have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.
Element
On September 12, 2018, Element Petroleum Properties, LLC (“Element”) filed a lawsuit against the Company seeking a declaratory judgment that it is the lessee under leases covering minerals that have previously been leased to the Company, and seeking consistent relief under other counts, including trespass to try title and an equitable quiet title claim, as well as various other monetary claims for unspecified damages. The Company denied Element’s allegations in their entirety and pleaded a counterclaim against Element under the Texas trespass to try to title statue to remove the cloud on its title that Element’s claim creates.
On December 2, 2019, a hearing was held on the parties’ competing motions for summary judgment. The trial court denied the Company’s motion to abate and motion for summary judgment and granted Element’s motion for partial summary judgment on its title claims.
On February 14, 2020, the trial court amended its abatement and summary judgment orders and granted permission for the Company and its lessor to immediately appeal the orders. The Company and its lessor filed their Petition for Permission to Appeal in the Court of Appeals for the Eleventh District of Texas on February 28, 2020. The Court of Appeals did not accept the petition and the matter returned to the trial court for final judgment.
On May 4, 2021, the trial count entered its final judgment and the Company filed a notice of appeal. The Court of Appeals heard oral arguments on March 10, 2022 and anticipates that the appeals court will enter their judgment in 2023.
The Company continues to vigorously defend itself in this litigation. Precedent in the Court of Appeals for the Eleventh District of Texas gives the Company confidence that a loss contingency is neither probable nor estimable. As such, there is no associated liability recorded as of March 31, 2023 nor 2022 related to this matter.
15
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
March 31, 2023 2022
Environmental Matters
The Company’s operations and properties are subject to federal, state, and local regulatory requirements relating to environmental protection. It is the Company’s policy to fully comply with all applicable requirements. Based on current information, the Company believes that its operations are in compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations, and management is not aware of any violations that could have a material adverse effect on the condensed financial statements.
| 11. | Subsequent Events |
The Company performed a review of events subsequent to March 31, 2023 through May 8, 2023, the date the condensed financial statements were available to be issued.
Divestiture
In April 2023, PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC entered into a definitive purchase agreement to divest all of the Company’s leasehold interest and related assets to Ovintiv Inc. (“Ovintiv”), selling 100% of all equity interests in PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC. The effective date of the divestiture is January 1, 2023. The transaction, which is expected to close by the end of the second quarter, is subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions and customary closing adjustments.
16
Exhibit 99.12
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Condensed Financial Statements
March 31, 2023 and 2022
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Index
March 31, 2023 and 2022
| Page(s) | ||||
| Condensed Financial Statements |
||||
| Balance Sheets |
3 | |||
| Statements of Operations |
4 | |||
| Statements of Changes in Members’ Equity |
5 | |||
| Statements of Cash Flows |
6 | |||
| Notes to Condensed Financial Statements |
7–9 | |||
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Condensed Balance Sheets
March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022
| (in thousands of dollars) | March 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | ||||||
| Assets |
||||||||
| Current assets |
||||||||
| Cash |
$ | 901 | $ | 342 | ||||
| Accounts receivable |
1,223 | 1,430 | ||||||
| Related party receivable |
5,780 | 45 | ||||||
| Prepaids |
8 | 30 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current assets |
7,912 | 1,847 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Fixed Assets |
||||||||
| Land |
3,526 | 3,526 | ||||||
| Construction in progress |
4,232 | 3,757 | ||||||
| Property, plant and equipment |
37,814 | 38,039 | ||||||
| Less: Accumulated depreciation |
(3,883 | ) | (3,584 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Property, plant and equipment, net |
38,163 | 38,212 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total assets |
$ | 49,601 | $ | 43,585 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Liabilities and Members’ Equity |
||||||||
| Current Liabilities |
||||||||
| Accounts payable |
$ | 844 | $ | 1,169 | ||||
| Related party payable |
3,598 | 3,000 | ||||||
| Accrued expenses |
1,352 | 1,194 | ||||||
| Income taxes payable |
7 | 7 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current liabilities |
5,801 | 5,370 | ||||||
| Asset retirement obligation |
429 | 420 | ||||||
| Deferred state income taxes |
354 | 298 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total liabilities |
6,584 | 6,088 | ||||||
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 6) |
||||||||
| Members’ equity |
43,017 | 37,497 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total liabilities and members’ equity |
$ | 49,601 | $ | 43,585 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.
3
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Condensed Statements of Operations
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||
| (in thousands of dollars) | March 31, | |||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Revenues |
||||||||
| Produced water handling |
$ | 351 | $ | 92 | ||||
| Produced water handling—related parties |
4,690 | 1,485 | ||||||
| Water solutions |
— | 188 | ||||||
| Water solutions—related parties |
2,916 | 1,885 | ||||||
| Other |
206 | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total revenues |
8,163 | 3,650 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Operating expenses |
||||||||
| Direct operating costs |
1,720 | 2,192 | ||||||
| Depreciation |
300 | 301 | ||||||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligations |
9 | 8 | ||||||
| General and administrative |
558 | 233 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total operating expenses |
2,587 | 2,734 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net income before income tax |
5,576 | 916 | ||||||
| Deferred income tax expense |
56 | 100 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net income |
$ | 5,520 | $ | 816 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.
4
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Condensed Statement of Changes in Members’ Equity
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||
| March 31, | ||||||||
| (in thousands of dollars) | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||
| Members’ Equity, beginning of period |
$ | 37,497 | $ | 37,167 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Capital contributions |
— | 7,460 | ||||||
| Net income |
5,520 | 816 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Members’ Equity, end of period |
$ | 43,017 | $ | 45,443 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.
5
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
| Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
| (in thousands of dollars) | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities |
||||||||
| Net income |
$ | 5,520 | $ | 816 | ||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities |
||||||||
| Depreciation |
300 | 301 | ||||||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligations |
9 | 8 | ||||||
| Change in assets and liabilities |
||||||||
| Accounts receivable |
207 | 2 | ||||||
| Related party receivable |
(5,735 | ) | (3,450 | ) | ||||
| Prepaid expenses |
22 | — | ||||||
| Accounts payable |
18 | (256 | ) | |||||
| Related party payable |
598 | 756 | ||||||
| Accrued expenses |
341 | (323 | ) | |||||
| Deferred income tax |
56 | 100 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash used in operating activities |
1,336 | (2,046 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Cash flows from investing activities |
||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment expenditures |
(777 | ) | (4,954 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash used in investing activities |
(777 | ) | (4,954 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Cash flows from financing activities |
||||||||
| Proceeds received from capital contributions |
— | 7,460 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities |
— | 7,460 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents |
559 | 460 | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents |
||||||||
| Beginning of period |
342 | 72 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| End of period |
$ | 901 | $ | 532 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Supplemental disclosure of non-cash transactions: |
||||||||
| Change in accrued capital expenditures |
$ | (526 | ) | $ | (12 | ) | ||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.
6
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
March 31, 2023 and 2022
| 1. | Organization and Operations of the Company |
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC was organized as a Texas limited liability company (“LLC”) on April 4, 2018, to operate as a midstream services business providing fresh water sourcing and produced water disposal services for PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC (“PetroLegacy”) as well as third-party operators.
Pearlsnap is a wholly-owned subsidiary of PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC, a company formed with an equity investment from Encap Investments and Management.
All references to “we”, “our”, “us”, “Pearlsnap” and the “Company” refer to Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC.
| 2. | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying condensed financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and include the accounts of Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment consist of saltwater disposal wells, pipeline, construction in progress, land, water wells, and other equipment. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded depreciation expense on property, plant and equipment of $0.3 million and $0.3 million, respectively.
Commitments and Contingencies
Liabilities for loss contingencies are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment and or remediation can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred.
Accounts Receivable
Receivables consist of trade receivables recorded at the invoice amount, plus accrued revenue that is earned, but not yet billed. Accounts receivable from third-parties are generally due within 60 days or less. The majority of receivables relate to services provided to PetroLegacy, another wholly- owned subsidiary of PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC. The Company did not record any allowance for doubtful accounts as of March 31, 2023 nor as of December 31, 2022.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
To be Adopted in a Future Period
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” This ASU, along with subsequent related updates and amendments, replaces the current incurred loss model for measurement of credit losses on financial assets including trade receivables with a forward-looking expected loss model based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The ASU is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those years. During their October 2019 board meeting the FASB delayed the effective date for private entities with fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. We are evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on our condensed financial statements.
7
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
March 31, 2023 and 2022
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740) Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes.” This update is intended to simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions and by clarifying and amending existing guidance. This update is effective for private entities with fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. We are evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on our condensed financial statements.
The Company considers the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs not listed above were assessed and determined to be either not applicable or clarifications of ASUs previously disclosed.
| 3. | Related Parties |
The majority of the Company’s revenue is earned through service to a related party, PetroLegacy. Pearlsnap gathers produced water for the majority of PetroLegacy’s operated assets and provides freshwater and recycled water for PetroLegacy II, LLC’s completion activities. Rates associated with these activities are considered to be at market rates. For the three months ending March 31, 2023 and 2022, water gathering revenue incurred with PetroLegacy totaled $4.7 million and $1.5 million respectively. For the same periods, fresh and recycled water sold to PetroLegacy totaled $2.9 million and $1.9 million. Revenues owed by PetroLegacy are periodically settled throughout the year through cash and non-cash transactions. As of March 31, 2023, PetroLegacy owed Pearlsnap Midstream $5.7 million, represented in related party receivable on the balance sheets. As of December 31, 2022, all receivables from PetroLegacy had been settled.
In addition, the employees of PetroLegacy provide support services to the Company. The cost of these services is allocated to the Company under the terms of a master service agreement. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company incurred $460 thousand and $168 thousand, respectively, under this agreement reported as General and Administrative Expense on the statements of operations. The remainder of the balance relates to certain expenses paid by PetroLegacy, but services are shared with Pearlsnap Midstream. As of March 31, 2023 and as of December 31, 2022, Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC owed PetroLegacy $3.5 million and $2.9 million, respectively, represented in related party payable on the balance sheets.
| 4. | Property, Plant and Equipment |
Property, plant and equipment (“PP&E”) is stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful service life of the asset.
8
Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
March 31, 2023 and 2022
PP&E consists of the following:
| As of March 31, 2023 |
As of December 31, 2022 |
|||||||
| Construction in progress |
$ | 4,232 | $ | 3,757 | ||||
| Saltwater disposal wells |
11,166 | 11,167 | ||||||
| Pipelines |
12,602 | 12,823 | ||||||
| Freshwater pits and wells |
5,716 | 5,718 | ||||||
| Produced water pits |
8,330 | 8,331 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| 42,046 | 41,796 | |||||||
| Less: Accumulated depreciation |
(3,883 | ) | (3,584 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total property, plant and equipment, net |
$ | 38,163 | $ | 38,212 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Property, Plant and Equipment cash expenditures were $0.8 million and $4.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Accrued PP&E totaled $0.6 million as of March 31, 2023 and $2.3 million as of March 31, 2022.
| 5. | Members’ Equity |
Upon the formation of Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC in 2018, $3.5 million was contributed by PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC to the Company. The Company continues to receive contributions to fund capital expenditures in excess of revenues. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company received net capital contributions of $7.5 million. There were no capital contributions to Pearlsnap during the three months ended March 31, 2023.
| 6. | Commitments and Contingencies |
Litigation
From time to time, the Company may be involved in legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company believes that the final disposition of such current matters will not have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.
| 7. | Subsequent Events |
The Company performed a review of events subsequent to March 31, 2023 through May 8, 2023, the date the condensed financial statements were available to be issued.
Divestiture
In April 2023, PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC entered into a definitive purchase agreement to divest all of the Company’s assets to Ovintiv Inc. (“Ovintiv”) selling 100% of all equity interests in Pearlsnap Midstream, LLC. The effective date of the sale is January 1, 2023. The transaction, which is expected to close by the end of the second quarter, is subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions and customary closing adjustments.
9
Exhibit 99.13
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Consolidated Comparative Financial Reports
March 31, 2023
CONTENTS
| Page | ||||
| Independent Auditor’s Review Report |
1 | |||
| Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||
| Consolidated Balance Sheets |
3 | |||
| Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) |
5 | |||
| Consolidated Statements of Members’ Equity (Unaudited) |
6 | |||
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) |
7 - 8 | |||
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) |
9 - 26 | |||
Consolidated Financial Statements
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Consolidated Balance Sheets
ASSETS
| MARCH 31, 2023 Unaudited |
DECEMBER 31, 2022 |
|||||||
| CURRENT ASSETS |
||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 12,525,696 | $ | 17,036,624 | ||||
| Accounts receivable - oil and gas sales |
27,765,711 | 25,814,485 | ||||||
| Accounts receivable - joint interest owners |
895,392 | 120,943 | ||||||
| Accounts receivable - related parties |
57,849,415 | 41,892,522 | ||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other |
79,301 | 22,148 | ||||||
| Derivative assets |
1,736,220 | 1,086,000 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current assets |
100,851,735 | 85,972,722 | ||||||
| OIL AND GAS PROPERTIES, successful efforts method |
||||||||
| Proved properties |
402,711,369 | 401,496,776 | ||||||
| Lease and well equipment |
89,362,009 | 88,428,352 | ||||||
| Wells in progress |
69,823,798 | 19,529,807 | ||||||
| Tubular stock |
31,071,740 | 25,531,809 | ||||||
| Less: accumulated depletion, depreciation, amortization and impairment |
(129,033,128 | ) | (109,467,355 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Oil and gas properties, net |
463,935,788 | 425,519,389 | ||||||
| NON-CURRENT ASSETS |
||||||||
| Deferred financing costs, net |
1,737,800 | 1,837,764 | ||||||
| Goodwill |
1,637,642 | 1,637,642 | ||||||
| Operating lease, right-of-use asset, net |
— | 852,522 | ||||||
| Other property and equipment, net |
— | 817,143 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total non-current assets |
3,375,442 | 5,145,071 | ||||||
| TOTAL ASSETS |
$ | 568,162,965 | $ | 516,637,182 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
3
| MARCH 31, 2023 Unaudited |
DECEMBER 31, 2022 |
|||||||
| CURRENT LIABILITIES |
||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
$ | 55,652,798 | $ | 56,380,180 | ||||
| Revenue payable |
12,092,227 | 9,727,374 | ||||||
| Operating lease liability, current |
— | 239,869 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current liabilities |
67,745,025 | 66,347,423 | ||||||
| NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES |
||||||||
| Asset retirement obligations |
12,774,667 | 12,038,651 | ||||||
| Operating lease liability, long-term |
— | 622,979 | ||||||
| Deferred state margin tax liability |
2,409,433 | 2,070,340 | ||||||
| Line of credit |
100,000,000 | 100,000,000 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total non-current liabilities |
115,184,100 | 114,731,970 | ||||||
| MEMBERS’ EQUITY |
385,233,840 | 335,557,789 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| TOTAL LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY |
$ | 568,162,965 | $ | 516,637,182 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
4
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| REVENUES |
||||||||
| Oil sales |
$ | 81,352,676 | $ | 47,299,382 | ||||
| Natural gas sales |
2,148,804 | 2,090,811 | ||||||
| Realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on derivative contracts, net |
650,220 | (9,729,303 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total revenues |
84,151,700 | 39,660,890 | ||||||
| EXPENSES |
||||||||
| General and administrative expenses |
377,013 | 453,698 | ||||||
| Oil and gas production costs |
6,736,439 | 3,911,840 | ||||||
| Oil and gas production taxes |
4,064,693 | 2,440,282 | ||||||
| Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
19,667,816 | 9,002,678 | ||||||
| Lease expense |
76,762 | 25,587 | ||||||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligation |
137,947 | 115,007 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total expenses |
31,060,670 | 15,949,092 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| OPERATING INCOME |
53,091,030 | 23,711,798 | ||||||
| OTHER INCOME/(EXPENSE) |
||||||||
| Other income |
2,128 | — | ||||||
| Interest expense |
(2,341,108 | ) | (300,816 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total other expense |
(2,338,980 | ) | (300,816 | ) | ||||
| NET INCOME BEFORE TAXES |
50,752,050 | 23,410,982 | ||||||
| MARGIN TAX |
339,093 | 145,278 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| NET INCOME |
$ | 50,412,957 | $ | 23,265,704 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
5
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statements of Members’ Equity (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
| BALANCE, January 1, 2022 |
$ | 184,826,530 | ||
| Net income |
23,265,704 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| BALANCE, March 31, 2022 |
$ | 208,092,234 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| BALANCE, January 1, 2023 |
$ | 335,557,789 | ||
| Net income |
50,412,957 | |||
| Distributions to members - non cash |
(736,906 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| BALANCE, March 31, 2023 |
$ | 385,233,840 | ||
|
|
|
|||
The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
6
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||
| Net income |
$ | 50,412,957 | $ | 23,265,704 | ||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities |
||||||||
| Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
19,667,816 | 9,002,678 | ||||||
| Amortization of deferred financing costs |
99,964 | 8,236 | ||||||
| Increase in deferred state tax liability |
339,093 | 145,278 | ||||||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligation |
137,947 | 115,007 | ||||||
| Market value adjustment for derivative instruments |
(650,220 | ) | 6,854,054 | |||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities |
||||||||
| Accounts receivable - oil and gas sales |
(1,951,226 | ) | (15,327,124 | ) | ||||
| Right of use asset |
60,242 | 18,736 | ||||||
| Accounts receivable - related parties |
(26,956,893 | ) | 821,896 | |||||
| Accounts receivable - joint interest owners |
(774,448 | ) | (296,792 | ) | ||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
875,919 | 15,594,516 | ||||||
| Operating lease liability |
(46,456 | ) | (17,706 | ) | ||||
| Prepaid expenses and other |
(103,071 | ) | (57,045 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities |
41,111,624 | 40,127,438 | ||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||
| Acquisitions of oil and gas properties |
(56,622,552 | ) | (51,560,784 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash used in investing activities |
(56,622,552 | ) | (51,560,784 | ) | ||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of debt |
— | 10,000,000 | ||||||
| Principal payments on related party note payable |
— | (16,030 | ) | |||||
| Advances and repayments on related party borrowings, net |
11,000,000 | 13,000,000 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities |
11,000,000 | 22,983,970 | ||||||
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents |
(4,510,928 | ) | 11,550,624 | |||||
| CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of period |
17,036,624 | 1,804,415 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of period |
$ | 12,525,696 | $ | 13,355,039 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
7
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (Unaudited) Continued
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| SUPPLEMENTAL SCHEDULE OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||
| Capital expenditures accrued in accounts payable at period-end |
$ | 51,099,755 | $ | 227,702 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Addition to proved properties for increase in asset retirement obligation liability |
$ | — | $ | 546,712 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Operating lease, right of use asset and associated liability |
$ | — | $ | 1,045,284 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Distribution of net assets to new entity |
$ | 736,906 | $ | — | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| OTHER SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION |
||||||||
| Interest paid |
$ | 2,108,608 | $ | 202,118 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
8
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
| Note | 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
Organization and Nature of Operations
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary (Piedra, the Company) is a Delaware limited liability company formed May 30, 2014 to acquire, maintain, drill, develop, and operate oil and gas interests in the continental United States. The majority of the Company’s operations are located in the Permian Basin.
The Company is owned by EnCap Energy Capital Fund IX, L.P. (96.178%, EnCap) and Piedra Resources III, LLC (3.822%, Management Member), which is owned by certain members of management (collectively, with EnCap, the Investor Group or Members). Management Member manages the Company on behalf of the other Members. A five-member board of managers governs the actions of the Company. Under the terms of the Limited Liability Company Agreement (the Agreement), the Investor Group has committed to contribute up to $328.0 million between the Company and Rock River Minerals, LP (Rock River), an entity under common control. Of this commitment amount, the Investor Group contributed approximately $114.7 million to the Company through March 31, 2023 and 2022. The term of the Company is to continue until terminated by the board of managers and/or per the terms of the Agreement.
Piedra Operating, LLC (Operating) acts as the operator of the properties owned by the Company in accordance with the terms of a service and operating agreement, by which Piedra Energy III, LLC is bound with the assignment of 100% of the membership interests, effective May 30, 2014.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Piedra Energy III, LLC and its wholly owned subsidiary, Piedra Operating, LLC. Effective May 30, 2014, Piedra Energy II, LLC, a commonly controlled related party, assigned all membership interests in Piedra Operating, LLC to the Company. Piedra Operating, LLC consisted of other property and equipment and tubular stock as of the assignment date. These transactions were appropriately accounted for at net book value between the related parties. All inter-company accounts and transactions between Piedra Energy III, LLC and Piedra Operating, LLC were eliminated in consolidation.
Estimates and Uncertainties
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Significant assumptions are required in the valuation of proved oil and gas reserves which may affect the amount at which oil and gas properties, provisions for depreciation, depletion and amortization, and impairment of oil and gas properties are recorded. Estimation of asset retirement obligations is based on estimates regarding the timing and cost of future asset abandonments. Estimation of production volumes near period end is required in order to determine the amount of oil and gas revenue receivable at period end. It is possible these estimates could be revised in the near-term and these revisions could be material.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to the December 31, 2022 balance sheet to conform to the current year presentation.
9
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Oil and Gas Properties
The Company uses the successful efforts method of accounting for its oil and gas exploration and production activities. Costs incurred by the Company related to the acquisition of oil and gas properties and the cost of drilling development wells and successful exploratory wells are capitalized, while the costs of unsuccessful exploratory wells are expensed when determined to be unsuccessful. Costs incurred to maintain wells and related equipment, lease and well operating costs and other exploration costs are charged to expense as incurred. Gains and losses arising from sales of properties are generally included as income.
Capitalized acquisition costs attributable to proved oil and gas properties are depleted by field using the unit-of-production method based on proved reserves. Capitalized exploration well costs and development costs, including asset retirement obligations, are amortized similarly by field, based on proved developed reserves. Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense for oil and gas producing property and related equipment was $19,565,773 and $8,742,960 for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company had capitalized costs related to proved properties and related equipment of $492,073,378 and $489,925,128 at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
Capitalized costs are evaluated for impairment in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 360 (ASC Topic 360), Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long Lived Assets, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an asset’s carrying amount may not be recoverable.
The fair values of proved properties are measured using valuation techniques consistent with the income approach, converting future cash flows to a single discounted amount. Significant inputs used to determine the fair values of proved properties include estimates of: (i) reserves; (ii) future operating and development costs; (iii) future commodity prices; and (iv) a market-based weighted average cost of capital rate. The underlying commodity prices embedded in the Company’s estimated cash flows are the product of a process that begins with applicable forward curve pricing, adjusted for estimated location and quality differentials, as well as other factors that Company management believes will impact realizable prices.
To determine if a depletable unit is impaired, the carrying value of the depletable unit is compared to the undiscounted future net cash flows by applying management’s estimates of future oil and gas prices to the estimated future production of oil and gas reserves over the economic life of the property and deducting future costs. Future net cash flows are based upon reservoir engineers’ estimates of proved reserves. For a property determined to be impaired, an impairment loss equal to the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the impaired property will be recognized. Fair value, on a depletable unit basis, is estimated to be the present value of the aforementioned expected future net cash flows. Each part of this calculation is subject to a large degree of judgment, including the determination of the depletable units’ estimated reserves, future net cash flows and fair value. No impairment was recognized for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
Costs of unproved properties at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 represent amounts related to lease and well equipment and intangible drilling costs for wells in progress. Unproved oil and gas lease terms are generally for a period of three to five years. In most cases, the term of the unproved leases can be extended by paying delay rentals, meeting contractual drilling obligations or by producing reserves on the leases. As properties are evaluated through exploration, they will be included in the amortization base. Unproved properties are assessed periodically to determine whether they have been impaired. The prospects and their related costs are evaluated individually.
10
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company maintains tubular stock purchased for use in the course of exploration, development and production of oil and gas. Tubular stock is carried at cost and reviewed periodically for impairment, if indicators exist, at which point the Company will recognize an impairment expense for the difference between the fair value and carrying value of the tubular stock. The cost basis of tubular stock to be utilized is depleted as a component of oil and gas properties once the tubular stock is used in drilling or other capitalized operations.
Revenue Recognition
Recognition of revenue involves a five step approach including identifying the contract, identifying the separate performance obligations, determining the transaction price, allocating the price to the performance obligations and recognizing revenue as the obligations are satisfied.
Revenues from the Company’s royalty and non-operated working interest properties are recorded under the cash receipts approach as directly received from the remitters’ statement accompanying the revenue check. Since the revenue checks are generally received two to four months after the production month, the Company accrues for revenue earned but not received by estimating production volumes and product prices. Any identified differences between its revenue estimates and actual revenue received historically have not been significant.
The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations under its contracts with customers as it applies the practical exemption in accordance with ASC 606. The exemption, as described in ASC 606-l0-50-14(a), applies to variable consideration that is recognized as control of the product is transferred to the customer. Since each unit of product represents a separate performance obligation, future volumes are wholly unsatisfied and disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations is not required.
In accordance with ASC Topic 606, the Company records transportation and processing costs that are incurred after control of its product has transferred to the customer as a reduction of “Oil and gas sales” in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. Prior to the adoption of ASC Topic 606, these transportation and processing costs were recorded as an expense within “Marketing expense” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. There was no impact to net income or retained earnings as a result of adopting ASC Topic 606.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with an original maturity of three months or less at the time of issuance to be cash equivalents.
Accounts Receivable
The Company sells oil and gas to various customers and participates with other parties in the drilling, completion and operation of oil and gas wells. Joint interest owner receivables and oil and gas sales receivables related to these operations are generally unsecured. The Company determines joint interest owner accounts receivable allowances based on management’s assessment of the creditworthiness of the joint interest owners and the Company’s ability to realize the receivables through netting of anticipated future production revenues. The Company had no allowance for doubtful accounts at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 respectively based on the expectation that all receivables will be collected. The Company has not realized bad debt expense during the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. The opening balances of customer accounts receivable on January 1, 2023 and January 1, 2022 were $23,686,325 and $8,359,201, respectively.
11
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Deferred Financing Costs
Deferred financing costs consist of fees incurred to secure debt financing and are amortized over the life of the related loans using the straight-line method. Deferred financing costs were $1,737,800 and $1,837,764, net of accumulated amortization of $298,980 and $199,016 at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Amortization of deferred financing costs totaled $237,449 and $8,236 for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, of which $8.236 relates to a previous credit facility which was repaid during 2022. The amortization was recorded as interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Other Property and Equipment
Other property and equipment is stated at cost. Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred, with additions and improvements being capitalized. Upon sale or other retirement of depreciable property, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the related accounts and any gain or loss is reflected in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Depreciation is provided based on the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the depreciable assets as follows:
| Leasehold improvements |
4.5 - years | |||
| Computer hardware and software |
5 - years | |||
| Websites |
5 - years | |||
| Vehicles |
5 - years | |||
| Office equipment |
5 - years | |||
| Furniture and fixtures |
7 - years |
Depreciation expense for other property and equipment totaled $102,043 and $259,718 for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Note 3 – Other Property and Equipment, presents the components of other property and equipment.
Accounts Payable
Accounts payable includes obligations incurred in the ordinary operation of the business for services performed and products received.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company’s derivative financial instruments are used to manage commodity price risk attributable to expected oil and gas production. While there is risk the financial benefit of rising oil and gas prices may not be captured, the Company believes the benefits of stable and predictable cash flows outweigh the potential risks.
12
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company accounts for derivative financial instruments using fair value accounting and recognizes gains and losses in earnings during the period in which they occur. Unsettled derivative instruments are recorded in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as either a current or non-current asset or a liability measured at its fair value. The Company only offsets derivative assets and liabilities for arrangements with the same counterparty when right of setoff exists. Derivative assets and liabilities with different counterparties are recorded gross in the consolidated balance sheet. Derivative contract settlements are reflected in operating activities in the accompanying consolidated statement of cash flows.
The Company uses certain pricing models to determine the fair value of its derivative financial instruments. Inputs to the pricing models include publicly available prices and forward price curves generated from a compilation of data gathered from third parties. Company management validates the data provided by third parties by understanding the pricing models used, obtaining market values from other pricing sources, analyzing pricing data in certain situations and confirming that those securities trade in active markets.
Asset Retirement Obligations
The Company accounts for its asset retirement obligations in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 410, Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations (ASC Topic 410). Asset retirement obligations consist of estimated costs of dismantlement, removal, site reclamation and similar activities associated with oil and gas properties. A liability is recorded when the fair value of the asset retirement obligation can be reasonably estimated and is recognized in the period in which a legal obligation is incurred. The liability amounts are based on retirement cost estimates and incorporate many assumptions, such as expected economic recoveries of oil and gas, time to abandonment, future inflation rates and the credit adjusted risk-free rate of interest.
The asset retirement obligation is recorded at its estimated present value as of the obligation’s inception with an offsetting increase to proved properties in the consolidated balance sheet. This addition to proved properties represents a non-cash investing activity for presentation in the consolidated statement of cash flows. After initially recording the liability, it accretes for the passage of time, with the increase reflected as accretion expense in the consolidated statement of operations.
Income Taxes
The Company is a limited liability company, and therefore will be treated as a flow-through entity for federal income tax purposes. As a result, the net taxable income of the Company and any related tax credits, for federal income tax purposes, are deemed to pass to the Members and are included in their tax returns even though such net taxable income or tax credits may not have actually been distributed. Accordingly, no tax provision has been made in the consolidated financial statements of the Company since the income tax is an obligation of the Members.
As the Company is not subject to federal income tax, but is subject to state margin tax, provisions for state margin taxes are based on taxes payable for the current period and deferred taxes on temporary differences between the amount of taxable margin and pretax financial income, and between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are included in the consolidated financial statements at currently enacted state margin tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for state margin taxes. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company’s liability for deferred state margin tax is $2,409,433 and $2,070,340, respectively.
13
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company follows the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (ASC Topic 740), relating to accounting for uncertainties in income taxes. ASC Topic 740 clarifies the accounting for uncertainties in income taxes by prescribing a minimum recognition threshold that a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. ASC Topic 740 requires that the Company recognize in its consolidated financial statements the financial effects of a tax position, if that position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any appeals or litigation processes, based upon the technical merits of the position.
ASC Topic 740 also provides guidance on measurement, classification, interest and penalties and disclosure. Tax positions taken related to the Company’s pass-through status and those taken in determining its state income tax liability, including deductibility of expenses, have been reviewed and management is of the opinion that material positions taken by the Company would more likely than not be sustained upon examination. Accordingly, the Company has not recorded an income tax liability for uncertain tax positions.
Under the centralized LLC audit rules of the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), the IRS assesses and collects underpayments of tax from the LLC instead of from each member. The LLC may be able to pass the adjustments through to its members by making a push-out election or, if eligible, by electing out of the centralized LLC audit rules.
The collection of tax from the LLC is only an administrative convenience for the IRS to collect any underpayment of income taxes including interest and penalties. Income tax on LLC income, regardless of who pays the tax or when it is paid, is attributed to the members. Any payment made by the Company as a result of an IRS examination will be treated as a distribution from the Company to the members in the financial statements.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The FASB issued this Update to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. A lessee should recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from leases. A lessee should recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. When measuring assets and liabilities arising from a lease, a lessee (and a lessor) should include payments to be made in optional periods only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise an option to extend the lease or not to exercise an option to terminate the lease. Similarly, optional payments to purchase the underlying asset should be included in the measurement of lease assets and lease liabilities only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise that purchase option. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. If a lessee makes this election, it should recognize lease expense for such leases generally on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 effective January 1, 2022. (See Note 10).
14
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Goodwill
The Company’s goodwill is derived from the acquisition of working interests in proved oil and gas properties that qualify for acquisition accounting treatment under the requirements of ASC Topic 805. Any excess of the purchase price over the fair value assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is considered to have an indefinite useful economic life and is not amortized, but tested for impairment annually or when events or circumstances indicate that the fair value of the asset has decreased below its carrying value. The Company follows ASC 350-20, which permits an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount by examining relevant events and circumstances which could have a negative impact on goodwill such as macroeconomic conditions, industry and market conditions, cost factors that have a negative effect on earnings and cash flows, overall financial performance, segment dispositions and acquisitions, and other relevant entity-specific events.
If the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the Company or relevant reporting unit is less than the carrying amount, a two-step goodwill impairment test is performed. Fair value is determined using applicable market-related valuation models, including earnings multiples, discounted cash flows, and comparable asset market values. The first step of the goodwill impairment test, used to identify potential impairment, compares the fair value the Company, or reporting unit, with its carrying amount including goodwill. If the fair value of the Company or reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill is not considered to be impaired, and the second step is not required. If necessary, the second step of the impairment test, used to measure the amount of impairment loss, compares the implied fair value of goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. If the carrying amount exceeds the implied fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the excess.
After assessing the totality of events and circumstances for the qualitative impairment assessment at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company determined that performing the two-step goodwill impairment test was unnecessary. No goodwill impairment was recorded for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022.
Subsequent Events
The Company evaluates subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure through the date the consolidated financial statements are available to be issued.
Note 2. Related Party Transactions
Transactions between related parties are considered to be related party transactions even though they may not be given accounting recognition. FASB ASC Topic 850, Related Party Disclosures (ASC Topic 850) requires that transactions with related parties that would make a difference in decision making shall be disclosed so that users of the consolidated financial statements can evaluate their significance. Piedra Resources, LLC, EnCap Investments L.P. (and affiliates), Rock River Minerals, LP (Rock River), Piedra Energy IV, LLC (Piedra IV), Rock River Minerals IV, LP (Rock River IV) and members of Management Member are considered related parties under ASC Topic 850.
Certain members of Management Member are employees of the Company and are compensated based upon employment agreements. These agreements provide for a base salary, incentive compensation and health benefits.
15
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
At March 31, 2023, the Company had net accounts receivable due from related parties of $57,848,446. The Management Services Agreement between Operating and Piedra Energy IV, LLC and Rock River Minerals IV, LP allows for an allocation of general and administrative expenses to Piedra IV and Rock River IV. During the quarter ended March 31, 2023, general and administrative expenses of $370,117 were allocated each to Piedra IV and Rock River IV. At March 31, 2023, the Company had accounts receivable from Piedra IV of $95,794,337 related to joint interest billings and accrued expenses for oil and gas operations, $3,894,925 for tubular goods and $3,608,387 related to the allocation and other expenses of Piedra IV paid on its behalf by Operating, net of revenue of $4,920,884 owed to Piedra IV for wells in which Piedra IV shares a working interest with Piedra Energy III which is included in accounts receivable – related parties on the consolidated balance sheet. At March 31, 2023, the Company had accounts payable to Rock River IV of $13,139,572 which represents loans of $12,500,000 (bearing interest at 6.5% and expected to be repaid in the near term) and accounts receivable of $639,572 related to the allocation and other expenses of Rock River IV paid on its behalf by Operating, which is netted in accounts receivable – related parties on the consolidated balance sheet.
The Management Services Agreement between Operating and Rock River allows for an allocation of general and administrative expenses to Rock River. During the quarter ended March 31, 2023, general and administrative expenses of $555,176 were allocated to Rock River. At March 31, 2023, the Company had accounts payable to Rock River related to the allocation and other expenses of Rock River paid on its behalf by Operating and unprocessed revenue of $7,843,193 which is netted in accounts receivable – related parties on the consolidated balance sheet. The Company also had accounts payable to Rock River of $19,544,586 related to borrowings to finance drilling activity and for the purchase of certain royalty interests in Andrews County, Texas from Rock River.
The Company charges a related party $11,668 each quarter for shared accounting and actual employee costs for asset management services.
At December 31, 2022, the Company had net accounts receivable due from related parties of $41,892,522. The Management Services Agreement between Operating and Piedra Energy IV, LLC and Rock River Minerals IV, LP allows for an allocation of general and administrative expenses to Piedra IV and Rock River IV. At December 31, 2022, the Company had accounts receivable from Piedra IV of $56,971,874 related to joint interest billings and accrued expenses for oil and gas operations and $7,220,706 related to the allocation and other expenses of Piedra IV paid on its behalf by Operating, which is included in accounts receivable – related parties on the consolidated balance sheet. At December 31, 2022, the Company had accounts payable to Rock River IV of $3,508,622 which represents loans of $4,500,000 (bearing interest at 6.5% and expected to be repaid in the near term) and accounts receivable of $991,378 related to the allocation and other expenses of Rock River IV paid on its behalf by Operating, which is netted in accounts receivable – related parties on the consolidated balance sheet.
The Management Services Agreement between Operating and Rock River allows for an allocation of general and administrative expenses to Rock River. At December 31, 2022, the Company had accounts payable to Rock River related to the allocation and other expenses of Rock River paid on its behalf by Operating and unprocessed revenue of $10,246,850 which is netted in accounts receivable – related parties on the consolidated balance sheet. The Company also had accounts payable to Rock River of $8,544,586 related to borrowings to finance drilling activity and for the purchase of certain royalty interests in Andrews County, Texas from Rock River.
16
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company had a note payable to a related party which is under common management control dated January 1, 2019 for leasehold improvements in the amount of $311,744. The note has been repaid as of December 31, 2022.
Note 3. Other Property and Equipment
Other property and equipment consists of the following at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
| March 31, 2023 |
December 31, 2022 |
|||||||
| Computer hardware and software |
$ | — | $ | 6,165,224 | ||||
| Websites |
— | 112,324 | ||||||
| Vehicles |
— | 315,541 | ||||||
| Land |
— | 90,890 | ||||||
| Leasehold improvements |
— | 382,158 | ||||||
| Furniture and fixtures |
— | 147,280 | ||||||
| Office equipment |
— | 41,572 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| — | 7,254,989 | |||||||
| Less: accumulated depreciation |
— | (6,437,846 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| $ | — | $ | 817,143 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Note 4. Fair Value Measurements
FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure (ASC Topic 820), defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC Topic 820 provides a framework for measuring fair value, establishes a three level hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date and requires consideration of the counterparty’s creditworthiness when valuing certain assets.
The three-level fair value hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements defined by ASC Topic 820 is as follows:
Level 1 inputs – Unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. An active market is defined as a market where transactions for the financial instrument occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
Level 2 inputs – Inputs, other than quoted prices within Level 1, that are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability through correlation with market data at the measurement date and for the duration of the instrument’s anticipated life.
Level 3 inputs – Prices or valuations that require unobservable inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable. Valuation under Level 3 generally involves a significant degree of judgment from management.
17
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Where available, fair value is based on observable market prices or parameters or derived from such prices or parameters. Where observable prices or inputs are not available, valuation models are applied. These valuation techniques involve some level of management estimation and judgment, the degree of which is dependent on the price transparency for the instruments or market and the instrument’s complexity. The Company reflects transfers between the three levels at the beginning of the reporting period in which the availability of observable inputs no longer justifies classification in the original level. There were no transfers between fair value hierarchy levels for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022.
Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis
Financial Instruments
A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
The Company’s commodity derivative instruments were carried at fair value on a recurring basis in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Company uses certain pricing models to determine the fair value of its derivative financial instruments. Inputs to the pricing models include publicly available prices and forward price curves generated from a compilation of data gathered from third parties.
Company management validates the data provided by third parties by understanding the pricing models used, obtaining market values from other pricing sources, analyzing pricing data in certain situations and confirming that those securities trade in active markets. Assumed credit risk adjustments. based on published credit ratings and public bond yield spreads are applied to the Company’s commodity derivatives. The Company’s derivative instruments are subject to netting arrangements and qualify for net presentation in the consolidated balance sheets in those instances where such arrangements exist with the respective counterparty.
To ensure these derivative instruments are recorded at fair value, valuation adjustments may be required to reflect the creditworthiness of either party as well as market constraints on liquidity. Any such adjustment was not material as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
18
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table presents the fair value hierarchy for those derivative instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2023.
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total Fair Value March 31, 2023 |
|||||||||||||
| Financial asset - current Commodity derivative price swap contracts |
$ | — | $ | 1,736,220 | $ | — | $ | 1,736,220 | ||||||||
| Financial asset - current Commodity derivative price option contracts |
$ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Total asset - current |
$ | — | $ | 1,736,220 | $ | — | $ | 1,736,220 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Total financial asset |
$ | — | $ | 1,736,220 | $ | — | $ | 1,736,220 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
The following table presents the fair value hierarchy for those derivative instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2022.
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total Fair Value December 31, 2022 |
|||||||||||||
| Financial asset - current Commodity derivative price swap contracts |
$ | — | $ | 1,086,000 | $ | — | $ | 1,086,000 | ||||||||
| Financial asset - current Commodity derivative price option contracts |
$ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Total asset - current |
$ | — | $ | 1,086,000 | $ | — | $ | 1,086,000 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Total financial asset |
$ | — | $ | 1,086,000 | $ | — | $ | 1,086,000 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
19
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis
Business Combinations
For transactions that qualify as business combinations, the Company records the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at fair value at the date of acquisition. Fair value may be estimated using comparable market data, a discounted cash flow method, or a combination of the two. In the discounted cash flow method, estimated future cash flows are based on management’s expectations for the future and include estimates of future oil and gas production, commodity prices based on commodity futures price strips as of the date of the estimate, operating and development costs, and a risk-adjusted discount rate. Significant Level 3 assumptions associated with the calculation of discounted cash flows used in the determination of fair value of the acquisition include the Company’s estimate of future natural gas and crude oil prices, operating and development costs, anticipated production of proved reserves, appropriate risk-adjusted discount rates and other relevant data.
Asset Retirement Obligation
The asset retirement obligation estimates are derived from historical costs and management’s expectation of future cost environments and, therefore, the Company has designated these liabilities as Level 3 measurements. The significant inputs to this fair value measurement include estimates of plugging, abandonment and remediation costs, well life, inflation and credit-adjusted risk free rate. See Note 5 for a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the liability for the Company’s asset retirement obligations.
Note 5. Asset Retirement Obligations
The following are changes in the asset retirement obligation for the period indicated:
| Balance, January 1, 2023 |
$ | 12,038,651 | ||
| Liability incurred upon acquiring and drilling wells |
598,069 | |||
| Accretion expense |
137,947 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Balance, March 31, 2023 |
$ | 12,774,667 | ||
|
|
|
Based on the expected timing of settlement, all amounts are classified as non-current.
Note 6. State Margin Taxes
The Partnership follows the provisions of FASB ASC 740-10, Income Taxes, which provides for recognition of a deferred tax asset for deductible temporary differences, net of a valuation allowance, and recognition of a deferred tax liability for taxable temporary differences. The Partnership is not subject to federal income taxes.
The Partnership is subject to the Texas Margin Tax. The taxable margin on all income derived from operations in the State of Texas is taxed at a rate of 1%. The Partnership recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences related primarily to IDC, which are capitalized for financial statement purposes and are deducted for Texas Margin Tax purposes.
20
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The provision for income taxes consists of deferred taxes and differs from amounts that would be calculated by applying state mandated rates on margin from income derived from operations in the State of Texas, due to the effect of various deductible and nondeductible items.
The provision for state margin taxes for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 is $339,093 and $145,278, respectively.
The tax effect of temporary differences in the timing of IDC expense deductions of $321,257,876 and $276,045,434 gives rise to significant portions of the deferred tax liability at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
Note 7. Derivative Financial Instruments
In accordance with the credit agreement for the Revolving Credit Facility, the Company uses derivative financial instruments to limit its crude oil price exposure.
It is the Company’s policy to enter into derivative contracts only with counterparties that are creditworthy financial institutions deemed by management as competent and competitive.
The Company is exposed to certain risks relating to its ongoing business operations, such as commodity price risk. Derivative contracts are utilized to economically hedge the Company’s exposure to price fluctuations and reduce the variability in the Company’s cash flows associated with anticipated sales of future oil and natural gas production. The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging (ASC Topic 815), to account for its derivative financial instruments.
The Company’s crude oil and natural gas derivative positions consist of options and swaps. The Company has elected not to designate any of its derivative contracts for hedge accounting. Accordingly, the Company records the net change in the mark-to-market valuation of these derivative contracts, as well as all payments and receipts on settled derivative contracts, in net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on commodity price hedging contracts on the consolidated statements of operations. All derivative contracts are recorded at fair market value and included in the consolidated balance sheet as assets or liabilities.
The Company may have multiple hedge positions that span a several-month time period and result in fair value asset and liability positions. At the end of the reporting periods, those positions are offset to a single fair value asset or liability for each commodity and the netted balance is reflected in the consolidated balance sheets as an asset or liability.
21
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
During 2022 and 2023 the Company entered into a series of crude oil swaps. The following tables reflect the components of the netted balance in the consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
| March 31, 2023 |
||||||||||||||
| Derivatives not |
Balance Sheet |
Gross Recognized Asset |
Gross Amounts Offset |
Net Recognized Asset |
||||||||||
| Commodity Swaps |
Derivative asset - current |
$ | 2,672,990 | $ | (936,770 | ) | $ | 1,736,220 | ||||||
| December 31, 2022 |
||||||||||||||
| Derivatives not |
Balance Sheet |
Gross Recognized Asset |
Gross Amounts Offset |
Net Recognized Asset |
||||||||||
| Commodity Swaps |
Derivative asset -current |
$ | 2,726,730 | $ | (1,640,730 | ) | $ | 1,086,000 | ||||||
The following tables summarize the location and amounts of the Company’s realized and unrealized gains and losses on derivative contracts in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:
| March 31, 2023 |
||||||
| Derivatives not |
Consolidated Statement of Operations |
Loss Recognized | ||||
| Realized loss on commodity contracts |
Realized loss on derivative contracts, net |
$ | — | |||
| Unrealized gain on commodity contracts |
Realized gain on derivative contracts, net |
$ | 650,220 | |||
| March 31, 2022 |
||||||
| Derivatives not |
Consolidated Statement of Operations |
Loss Recognized | ||||
| Realized loss on commodity contracts |
Realized loss on derivative contracts, net |
$ | (2,875,249 | ) | ||
| Unrealized loss on commodity contracts |
Realized loss on derivative contracts, net |
$ | (6,854,054 | ) | ||
22
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The periods covered, notional amounts, fixed price and related commodity pricing index of the Company’s outstanding crude oil derivative contracts as of March 31, 2023 are set forth in the tables below:
| Period |
Type of Contract |
Index | Volume BBls |
Strike Price | ||||||||
| April 2023-December 2023 |
Swap | NYMEX WTI CMA | 394,000 | $ | 100.00 | |||||||
| April 2023-December 2023 |
Swap | NYMEX WTI CMA | 394,000 | $ | 68.00 | |||||||
| February 2024-June 2024 |
Swap | NYMEX WTI CMA | 152,000 | $ | 60.00 | |||||||
| February 2024-June 2024 |
Swap | NYMEX WTI CMA | 152,000 | $ | 92.00 | |||||||
Note 8. Bank Credit Facility
The Company entered into a bank credit facility on June 29, 2022. Pursuant to the credit agreement, from time to time, the Company may borrow the lesser of the available borrowing base, as determined by the credit agreement, or $500 million, which is the maximum borrowing capacity of the bank credit facility. The outstanding balance is $100 million at December 31, 2022 which is due at maturity on June 29, 2026. The bank credit facility is secured by substantially all of the Company’s oil and gas properties. There are no letters of credit outstanding under the bank credit facility at March 31, 2023 or December 31, 2022.
The Company may elect that borrowings be comprised of any combination of adjusted base rate (ABR) loans or adjusted SOFR rate loans. The Company pays interest on the unpaid principal amount of each loan until such principal amount is repaid in full. Interest on the loans is determined as follows:
| • | with respect to ABR loans, the adjusted base rate equals the U.S. Prime Rate as published by The Wall Street Journal, plus an applicable margin ranging from and including 0.5% and 1.25% per annum, determined by the percentage of the borrowing base then in effect that is drawn, or |
| • | with respect to any adjusted SOFR rate loans, one-, two-, three- or six-month SOFR plus the SOFR Spread ranging from and including 2.00% and 3.00% per annum, determined by the percentage of the borrowing base then in effect that is drawn. |
Interest expense related to the bank credit facility for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 was $651,059 and $183,889, respectively. The effective interest rate at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was 7.655% and 4.25% respectively.
Note 9. Significant Concentrations
As of and for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, all the Company’s sales and accounts receivable – oil and gas sales were related to oil and gas production in the oil and gas industry. This concentration may impact the Company’s business risk, either positively or negatively, in that commodity prices, customers and suppliers may be similarly affected by changes in economic, political or other conditions related to the industry. The Company’s revenues are all from oil and gas production in the Permian Basin of West Texas which exposes the Company to geographic risk in the event that there are changes in this region. The Company sold production comprising 90% and 96% of oil and gas receivables and revenues to four and three third-party purchasers as of and for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, respectively. The Company does not believe that the loss of a purchaser would have an adverse effect on its ability to sell its crude oil and natural gas production due to the competitive nature of the oil and gas industry and availability of marketing alternatives.
23
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company regularly maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts, which at times may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses with respect to the related risks to cash and cash equivalents and does not believe its exposure to such risk is more than nominal.
Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies
Legal Matters
In the ordinary course of business, the Company may at times be subject to claims and legal actions. Management does not believe the impact of such matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. The Company had no legal matters requiring specific disclosure or recognition of a liability as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
Environmental
The Company is subject to extensive federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations which may materially affect its operations. These laws, which are constantly changing, regulate the discharge of materials into the environment and may require the Company to remove or mitigate the environmental effects of the disposal or release of petroleum or chemical substances at various sites.
In the Company’s acquisition of existing or previously drilled well bores, the Company may not be aware of what environmental safeguards were taken at the time such wells were drilled or during such time the wells were operated. However, should it be determined that a liability exists with respect to any environmental cleanup or restoration, the liability to cure such a violation could still fall upon the Company.
No claim has been made, nor is the Company aware of any liability which the Company may have, as it relates to any environmental cleanup, restoration, or the violation of any rules or regulations relating thereto. The Company maintains comprehensive insurance coverage that it believes is adequate to mitigate the risk of any adverse financial effects associated with these risks.
Operating Leases
The Company leases 11,015 square feet of office space from a third party for corporate office space. The lease includes an option to renew and is a 36-month lease beginning March 1, 2022 that expires in February, 2026.
The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, other current liabilities, and operating lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. Finance leases are included in property and equipment, other current liabilities, and other long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet.
24
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
ROU assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses the incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The balance sheet classification of lease assets and liabilities was as follows at March 31, 2023 and December 31 , 2022:
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Assets |
||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use asset, beginning balance |
$ | 852,522 | $ | 1,045,284 | ||||
| Amortization of right-of-use assets |
(60,242 | ) | (192,762 | ) | ||||
| Distribution, see Note 12 |
(792,280 | ) | — | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total operating lease right-of-use asset |
— | 852,522 | ||||||
| Liabilities |
||||||||
| Operating lease liability, current |
— | 239,869 | ||||||
| Operating lease liability, long-term |
— | 622,979 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total lease liabilities |
$ | — | $ | 862,848 | ||||
Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases are as follows:
| Year ending March 31, |
Operating Leases | |||
| 2023 |
$ | 295,340 | ||
| 2024 |
— | |||
| 2025 |
— | |||
| 2026 |
— | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total future lease payments |
295,340 | |||
| Less: imputed interest |
(68,372 | ) | ||
| Distribution to new entity |
(226,968 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Total |
$ | — | ||
|
|
|
|||
Net cash paid for operating and finance leases for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $74,351 and $72,286, respectively, and is included in general and administrative expenses.
25
Piedra Energy III, LLC and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 11. Defined Contribution Plan
The Company sponsors a 401(k) defined contribution plan for the benefit of all employees through Insperity. The plan is intended to provide participating employees with benefits upon retirement, in compliance with the Internal Revenue Code. Employees could contribute up to $22,500 and $20,500, with an additional “catch up” amount of $6,500 for employees over 50 years of age or older for the quarters of March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company matches employee contributions 100%, up to 3% of total compensation, and 50%, up to 5% of total compensation and has contributed $40,681 and $34,599 for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Employee contributions are fully vested at all times.
Note 12. Members’ Equity Accounts
Capital contributions will be based on capital calls, to be determined by the board of managers. Contribution requests to the Members will be based on their commitment and any items in nature of income or gain will be applied to the Members’ capital accounts in accordance with their earnings interest, as defined by the Agreement.
The Company has three classes of members’ equity, Classes A, B and C Units. Class A and B Units have all the rights, privileges, preferences and obligations provided for in the Agreement, which are consistent with an ordinary equity ownership interest. Class A Units are a class of up to 1,880,000 membership interests to be issued to EnCap. Class B Units are a class of up to 120,000 membership interests to be issued to the Management Member. The purchase price per each Class A and Class B Units is $100. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, EnCap has purchased 1,099,796 Class A Units for a total of $109,979,573 and Management Member has purchased 46,583 Class B Units for a total of $4,238,271. The Members have also contributed mineral interests of $7,577,111 to the Company. Class C units do not have voting rights and holders are not required to make any form of contribution to the Company. Class C unit holders do not have a risk of loss and will only be entitled to share in distributions and allocations if and to the extent the Board of Managers makes such distribution and applicable thresholds have been met. As such, the Class C units are treated as a profit-sharing arrangement accounted for under FASB ASC Topic 710, Compensation – General, which will be expensed to compensation as declared.
Effective March 30, 2023, the Company signed an Omnibus Agreement wherein the Company created Piedra Operating II, LLC (Operating II). As part of this agreement, fixed assets and a lease agreement for office space owned by Operating were contributed to Operating II. Immediately following this transaction, the interests in Operating II were distributed.
Note 13. Subsequent Events
The Company has evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure through May 4, 2023, the date the consolidated financial statements were available to be issued. During this period, the Company did not have any material recognizable subsequent events other than the following:
| • | The Company is party to a Stock Purchase Agreement with Ovintiv effective January 1, 2023 whereby Ovintiv will acquire all outstanding Class A and B Units of the Company. The transaction is expected to close on or before June 30, 2023. |
26
Exhibit 99.14
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Comparative Financial Report
March 31, 2023
CONTENTS
| Page | ||||
| Independent Auditor’s Review Report |
1 | |||
| Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||
| Consolidated Balance Sheets |
3 | |||
| Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) |
4 | |||
| Consolidated Statements of Members’ Equity (Unaudited) |
5 | |||
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) |
6 - 7 | |||
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) |
8 - 18 | |||
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Balance Sheets
ASSETS
| MARCH 31, | ||||||||
| 2023 | DECEMBER 31, | |||||||
| Unaudited | 2022 | |||||||
| CURRENT ASSETS |
||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 377,445 | $ | 12,295,453 | ||||
| Accounts receivable - oil and gas sales |
8,375,740 | 566,131 | ||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other |
— | 3,213 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current assets |
8,753,185 | 12,864,797 | ||||||
| OIL AND GAS PROPERTIES, successful efforts method |
||||||||
| Proved properties |
209,094,936 | 56,689,630 | ||||||
| Lease and well equipment |
53,831,887 | 4,694,802 | ||||||
| Wells in progress |
19,527,471 | 137,701,327 | ||||||
| Tubular stock |
1,036,293 | 3,774,027 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Less: accumulated depletion, depreciation, amortization and impairment |
(35,295,915 | ) | (166,522 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Oil and gas properties, net |
248,194,672 | 202,693,264 | ||||||
| NON-CURRENT ASSETS |
||||||||
| Deferred financing costs, net |
642,171 | 533,494 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| TOTAL ASSETS |
$ | 257,590,028 | $ | 216,091,555 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY |
| |||||||
| CURRENT LIABILITIES |
||||||||
| Accounts payable |
238,287 | 330,008 | ||||||
| Accounts payable - related parties |
110,445,591 | 72,921,406 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current liabilities |
110,683,878 | 73,251,414 | ||||||
| NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES |
||||||||
| Asset retirement obligations |
879,571 | 268,349 | ||||||
| Deferred state margin tax liability |
1,204,394 | — | ||||||
| Line of credit |
55,000,000 | 30,000,000 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total non-current liabilities |
57,083,965 | 30,268,349 | ||||||
| MEMBERS’ EQUITY |
89,822,185 | 112,571,792 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| TOTAL LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY |
$ | 257,590,028 | $ | 216,091,555 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The Notes to the Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
3
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Statements of Operations (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| REVENUES |
||||||||
| Oil sales |
$ | 16,761,661 | $ | — | ||||
| Natural gas sales |
234,109 | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total revenues |
16,995,770 | — | ||||||
| EXPENSES |
||||||||
| General and administrative expenses |
404,958 | 378,369 | ||||||
| Oil and gas production costs |
1,190,024 | 15,081 | ||||||
| Oil and gas production taxes |
880,344 | — | ||||||
| Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
35,129,393 | — | ||||||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligation |
14,291 | 1,172 | ||||||
| Abandoned project costs |
$ | — | 11,744 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total expenses |
37,619,010 | 406,366 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| OPERATING LOSS |
(20,623,240 | ) | (406,366 | ) | ||||
| OTHER INCOME/(EXPENSE) |
||||||||
| Interest expense |
(921,973 | ) | — | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| NET LOSS BEFORE TAXES |
(21,545,213 | ) | (406,366 | ) | ||||
| MARGIN TAX |
1,204,394 | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| NET LOSS |
$ | (22,749,607 | ) | $ | (406,366 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The Notes to the Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
4
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Statements of Members’ Equity (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
| BALANCE, January 1, 2022 |
$ | 60,344 | ||
| Contributions |
59,774,477 | |||
| Net loss |
(406,366 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| BALANCE, March 31, 2022 |
$ | 59,428,455 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| BALANCE, January 1, 2023 |
$ | 112,571,792 | ||
| Net loss |
(22,749,607 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| BALANCE, March 31, 2023 |
$ | 89,822,185 | ||
|
|
|
|||
The Notes to the Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
5
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||
| Net loss |
$ | (22,749,607 | ) | $ | (406,366 | ) | ||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash from operating activities |
||||||||
| Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
35,129,393 | — | ||||||
| Amortization of deferred financing costs |
97,733 | — | ||||||
| Increase in deferred state tax liability |
1,204,394 | — | ||||||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligation |
14,291 | 1,172 | ||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities |
||||||||
| Accounts receivable - oil and gas sales |
(7,809,609 | ) | 50 | |||||
| Accounts payable - related parties |
2,976,641 | (4,539,729 | ) | |||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
(91,721 | ) | — | |||||
| Prepaid expenses and other |
3,213 | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities |
8,774,728 | (4,944,873 | ) | |||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||
| Acquisitions of oil and gas properties |
(47,486,326 | ) | (36,247,373 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash used in investing activities |
(47,486,326 | ) | (36,247,373 | ) | ||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||
| Contributions |
— | 59,774,477 | ||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of debt |
25,000,000 | — | ||||||
| Proceeds from related party borrowings |
2,000,000 | — | ||||||
| Payment of debt issue costs |
(206,410 | ) | — | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities |
26,793,590 | 59,774,477 | ||||||
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents |
(11,918,008 | ) | 18,582,231 | |||||
| CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of the period |
12,295,453 | 89,033 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of the period |
$ | 377,445 | $ | 18,671,264 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The Notes to the Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
6
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| SUPPLEMENTAL SCHEDULE OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||
| Capital expenditures accrued in accounts payable at period-end |
$ | 95,794,337 | $ | 540,243 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| OTHER SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION |
||||||||
| Interest paid |
$ | 651,059 | $ | — | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The Notes to the Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
7
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Nature of Operations
Piedra Energy IV, LLC (Piedra, the Company) is a Delaware limited liability company formed October 11, 2018 to acquire, maintain, drill, develop, and operate oil and gas interests in the continental United States. The Company’s assets are located in the Permian Basin.
The Company is owned by EnCap Energy Capital Fund XI, L.P. (95.2381%, EnCap) and Piedra Resources IV, LLC (4.7619%, Management Member), which is owned by certain members of management (collectively, the Investor Group or Members). Management Member manages the Company on behalf of the other Members. A five-member board of managers governs the actions of the Company. Under the terms of the Limited Liability Company Agreement (the Agreement), the Investor Group has committed to contribute up to $302.0 million to the Company and Rock River Minerals IV, LP, a related party. Of this commitment amount, the Investor Group contributed $116 million to the Company through March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The Investor Group had a remaining commitment to the Company and Rock River Minerals IV, LP of $40 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The term of the Company is to continue until terminated by the board of managers and/or per the terms of the Agreement.
Piedra Operating, LLC (Operating) acts as the operator of the properties owned by the Company in accordance with the terms of a service and operating agreement effective August 8, 2018.
Estimates and Uncertainties
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Significant assumptions are required in the valuation of proved oil and gas reserves which may affect the amount at which oil and gas properties, provisions for depreciation, depletion and amortization, and impairment of oil and gas properties are recorded. Estimation of asset retirement obligations is based on estimates regarding the timing and cost of future asset abandonments. Estimation of production volumes near period end is required in order to determine the amount of oil and gas revenue receivable at period end. It is possible these estimates could be revised in the near-term and these revisions could be material.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to the December 31, 2022 balance sheet to conform to the current year presentation.
8
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
Oil and Gas Properties
The Company uses the successful efforts method of accounting for its oil and gas exploration and production activities. Costs incurred by the Company related to the acquisition of oil and gas properties and the cost of drilling development wells and successful exploratory wells are capitalized, while the costs of unsuccessful exploratory wells are expensed when determined to be unsuccessful. Costs incurred to maintain wells and related equipment, lease and well operating costs and other exploration costs are charged to expense as incurred. Gains and losses arising from sales of properties are generally included as income.
Capitalized acquisition costs attributable to proved oil and gas properties are depleted by field using the unit-of-production method based on proved reserves. Capitalized exploration well costs and development costs, including asset retirement obligations, are amortized similarly by field, based on proved developed reserves. Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense for oil and gas producing property and related equipment was $35,129,393 and $0 for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 respectively. The Company had capitalized costs related to proved properties and related equipment of $262,926,823 and $61,384,432 at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 respectively.
Capitalized costs are evaluated for impairment in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 360 (ASC Topic 360), Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long Lived Assets, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an asset’s carrying amount may not be recoverable.
The fair values of proved properties are measured using valuation techniques consistent with the income approach, converting future cash flows to a single discounted amount. Significant inputs used to determine the fair values of proved properties include estimates of: (i) reserves; (ii) future operating and development costs; (iii) future commodity prices; and (iv) a market-based weighted average cost of capital rate. The underlying commodity prices embedded in the Company’s estimated cash flows are the product of a process that begins with applicable forward curve pricing, adjusted for estimated location and quality differentials, as well as other factors that Company management believes will impact realizable prices.
To determine if a depletable unit is impaired, the carrying value of the depletable unit is compared to the undiscounted future net cash flows by applying management’s estimates of future oil and gas prices to the estimated future production of oil and gas reserves over the economic life of the property and deducting future costs. Future net cash flows are based upon reservoir engineers’ estimates of proved reserves. For a property determined to be impaired, an impairment loss equal to the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the impaired property will be recognized. Fair value, on a depletable unit basis, is estimated to be the present value of the aforementioned expected future net cash flows. Each part of this calculation is subject to a large degree of judgment, including the determination of the depletable units’ estimated reserves, future net cash flows and fair value. No impairment was recognized for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022.
9
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
Costs of unproved properties at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 represent amounts related to lease and well equipment and intangible drilling costs for wells in progress. Unproved oil and gas lease terms are generally for a period of three to five years. In most cases, the term of the unproved leases can be extended by paying delay rentals, meeting contractual drilling obligations or by producing reserves on the leases. As properties are evaluated through exploration, they will be included in the amortization base. Unproved properties are assessed periodically to determine whether they have been impaired. The prospects and their related costs are evaluated individually.
The Company maintains tubular stock purchased for use in the course of exploration, development and production of oil and gas. Tubular stock is carried at cost and reviewed periodically for impairment, if indicators exist, at which point the Company will recognize an impairment expense for the difference between the fair value and carrying value of the tubular stock. The cost basis of tubular stock to be utilized is depleted as a component of oil and gas properties once the tubular stock is used in drilling or other capitalized operations.
Revenue Recognition
Recognition of revenue involves a five step approach including identifying the contract, identifying the separate performance obligations, determining the transaction price, allocating the price to the performance obligations and recognizing revenue as the obligations are satisfied.
Revenues from the Company’s royalty and non-operated working interest properties are recorded under the cash receipts approach as directly received from the remitters’ statement accompanying the revenue check. Since the revenue checks are generally received two to four months after the production month, the Company accrues for revenue earned but not received by estimating production volumes and product prices. Any identified differences between its revenue estimates and actual revenue received historically have not been significant.
The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations under its contracts with customers as it applies the practical exemption in accordance with ASC 606. The exemption, as described in ASC 606-10-50-14(a), applies to variable consideration that is recognized as control of the product is transferred to the customer. Since each unit of product represents a separate performance obligation, future volumes are wholly unsatisfied and disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations is not required.
In accordance with ASC Topic 606, the Company records transportation and processing costs that are incurred after control of its product has transferred to the customer as a reduction of “Oil sales” in the Statement of Operations.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
10
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
Accounts Receivable
The Company sells oil and gas to various customers and participates with other parties in the drilling, completion and operation of oil and gas wells. Joint interest owner receivables and oil and gas sales receivables related to these operations are generally unsecured. The Company determines joint interest owner accounts receivable allowances based on management’s assessment of the creditworthiness of the joint interest owners and the Company’s ability to realize the receivables through netting of anticipated future production revenues. The Company had no allowance for doubtful accounts at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 based on the expectation that all receivables will be collected. The Company has not realized bad debt expense during the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022. The opening balance of customer accounts receivable on January 1, 2023 and January 1, 2022 was $566,131 and $0, respectively.
Deferred Financing Costs
Deferred financing costs consist of fees incurred to secure debt financing and are amortized over the life of the related loans using the straight-line method. Deferred financing costs were $642,171 and $533,494, net of accumulated amortization of $120,928 and $23,195 at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Amortization of deferred financing costs totaled $97,733 and $0 for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, respectively, and was recorded as interest expense in the statement of operations.
Accounts Payable
Accounts payable – related parties include obligations incurred in the ordinary operation of the business for services performed and products received paid by Operating on its behalf.
Asset Retirement Obligations
The Company accounts for its asset retirement obligations in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 410, Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations (ASC Topic 410). Asset retirement obligations consist of estimated costs of dismantlement, removal, site reclamation and similar activities associated with oil and gas properties. A liability is recorded when the fair value of the asset retirement obligation can be reasonably estimated and is recognized in the period in which a legal obligation is incurred. The liability amounts are based on retirement cost estimates and incorporate many assumptions, such as expected economic recoveries of oil and gas, time to abandonment, future inflation rates and the credit adjusted risk-free rate of interest.
The asset retirement obligation is recorded at its estimated present value as of the obligation’s inception with an offsetting increase to proved properties in the balance sheet. This addition to proved properties represents a non-cash investing activity for presentation in the statement of cash flows. After initially recording the liability, it accretes for the passage of time, with the increase reflected as accretion expense in the statement of operations.
11
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
Income Taxes
The Company is a limited liability company, and therefore will be treated as a flow-through entity for federal income tax purposes. As a result, the net taxable income of the Company and any related tax credits, for federal income tax purposes, are deemed to pass to the Members and are included in their tax returns even though such net taxable income or tax credits may not have actually been distributed. Accordingly, no federal income tax provision has been made in the financial statements of the Company since the federal income tax is an obligation of the Members.
As the Company is not subject to federal income tax, but is subject to state margin tax, provisions for state margin taxes are based on taxes payable for the current year and deferred taxes on temporary differences between the amount of taxable margin and pretax financial income, and between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are included in the financial statements at currently enacted state margin tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for state margin taxes. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company’s liability for deferred state margin tax is $1,204,394 and $0, respectively.
The Company follows the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (ASC Topic 740), relating to accounting for uncertainties in income taxes. ASC Topic 740 clarifies the accounting for uncertainties in income taxes by prescribing a minimum recognition threshold that a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. ASC Topic 740 requires that the Company recognize in its financial statements the financial effects of a tax position, if that position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any appeals or litigation processes, based upon the technical merits of the position.
ASC Topic 740 also provides guidance on measurement, classification, interest and penalties and disclosure. Tax positions taken related to the Company’s pass-through status and those taken in determining its state income tax liability, including deductibility of expenses, have been reviewed and management is of the opinion that material positions taken by the Company would more likely than not be sustained upon examination. Accordingly, the Company has not recorded an income tax liability for uncertain tax positions.
Under the centralized partnership audit rules of the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), the IRS assesses and collects underpayments of tax from the LLC instead of from each member. The LLC may be able to pass the adjustments through to its members by making a push-out election or, if eligible, by electing out of the centralized partnership audit rules.
The collection of tax from the LLC is only an administrative convenience for the IRS to collect any underpayment of income taxes including interest and penalties. Income tax on LLC income, regardless of who pays the tax or when it is paid, is attributed to the members. Any payment made by the Company as a result of an IRS examination will be treated as a distribution from the Company to the members in the financial statements.
12
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) . The FASB is issuing this Update to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. A lessee should recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from leases. A lessee should recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. When measuring assets and liabilities arising from a lease, a lessee (and a lessor) should include payments to be made in optional periods only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise an option to extend the lease or not to exercise an option to terminate the lease. Similarly, optional payments to purchase the underlying asset should be included in the measurement of lease assets and lease liabilities only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise that purchase option. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. If a lessee makes this election, it should recognize lease expense for such leases generally on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 effective January 1, 2022.
In October 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-17 Consolidation (Topic 810): Targeted Improvements to Related Party Guidance for Variable Interest Entities, which simplifies VIE guidance for private companies. Under this statement, a private company could make an accounting policy election to not apply VIE guidance to legal entities under common control (including common control leasing arrangements) when certain criteria are met. This statement is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2020 although the adoption did not have an impact on the presentation of the Company’s financial statements.
Subsequent Events
The Company evaluates subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure through the date the financial statements are available to be issued.
Note 2. Acquisition of Oil and Gas Property
In the first quarter of 2022, the Company acquired undeveloped leasehold of approximately 2,589 acres in Andrews County, Texas for $33,495,475 and it signed contracts for development with University Lands covering an additional approximately 405 acres for $819,240.
13
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
Note 3. Related Party Transactions
As of March 31, 2023, the Company had accounts payable due to related parties of $110,445,591. These are presented in accounts payable – related parties on the balance sheet. Of the total amount, $95,794,337 related to joint interest billings and accrued expenses for oil and gas operations and $3,608,387 related to the allocation of general and administrative expenses and other expenses paid on its behalf by Operating, net of revenue of $4,920,884 owed to the Company for wells in which it shares a working interest with Piedra Energy III. During the quarter ended March 31, 2023, Piedra Operating paid general and administrative expenses totaling $52,381 on behalf of the Company. The Company is subject to the Management Services Agreement with Piedra Operating, LLC, which allows for an allocation of general and administrative expenses to the Company. During the quarter ended March 31, 2023, general and administrative expenses of $370,117 were allocated to the Company. In addition, the Company had accounts payable to Rock River IV related to loans from Rock River IV of $12,068,876 for operating expenses and accounts payable to Piedra Energy III of $3,894,925 for tubular goods.
As of December 31 , 2022, the Company had accounts payable due to related parties of $72,921,406. These are presented in accounts payable- related parties on the balance sheet. Of the total amount, $56,971,874 related to joint interest billings and accrued expenses for oil and gas operations and $7,220,706 related to the allocation of general and administrative expenses and other expenses paid on its behalf by Operating. During the period ended December 31, 2022, Piedra Operating paid general and administrative expenses totaling $35,065 on behalf of the Company. The Company is subject to the Management Services Agreement with Piedra Operating, LLC, which allows for an allocation of general and administrative expenses to the Company. During the period ended December 31, 2022, general and administrative expenses of $1,859,469 were allocated to the Company. In addition, the Company had accounts payable to Rock River IV related to loans from Rock River IV of $10,068,876 for operating expenses and accounts receivable due from Piedra Resources IV of $1,340,050 for contributions from members.
Note 4. Fair Value Measurements
FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure (ASC Topic 820), defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC Topic 820 provides a framework for measuring fair value, establishes a three level hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date and requires consideration of the counterparty’s creditworthiness when valuing certain assets.
The three-level fair value hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements defined by ASC Topic 820 is as follows:
Level 1 inputs – Unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. An active market is defined as a market where transactions for the financial instrument occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
Level 2 inputs – Inputs, other than quoted prices within Level 1, that are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability through correlation with market data at the measurement date and for the duration of the instrument’s anticipated life.
14
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
Level 3 inputs – Prices or valuations that require unobservable inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable. Valuation under Level 3 generally involves a significant degree of judgment from management.
Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis
Asset Retirement Obligation
The asset retirement obligation estimates are derived from historical costs and management’s expectation of future cost environments and, therefore, the Company has designated these liabilities as Level 3 measurements. The significant inputs to this fair value measurement include estimates of plugging, abandonment and remediation costs, well life, inflation and credit-adjusted risk free rate. See Note 5 for a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the liability for the Company’s asset retirement obligations.
Note 5. Asset Retirement Obligations
The following are changes in the asset retirement obligation for the period indicated:
| Balance, January 1, 2023 |
$ | 268,349 | ||
| Liability incurred upon acquiring and drilling wells |
596,931 | |||
| Accretion expense |
14,291 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Balance, March 31, 2023 |
$ | 879,571 | ||
|
|
|
Based on the expected timing of settlement, all amounts are classified as non-current.
Note 6. State Margin Taxes
The Company follows the provisions of FASB ASC 740-10, Income Taxes, which provides for recognition of a deferred tax asset for deductible temporary differences, net of a valuation allowance, and recognition of a deferred tax liability for taxable temporary differences. The Company is not subject to federal income taxes.
The Company is subject to the Texas Margin Tax. The taxable margin on all income derived from operations in the State of Texas is taxed at a rate of 1%. The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences related primarily to IDC, which are capitalized for financial statement purposes and are deducted for Texas Margin Tax purposes.
The provision for income taxes consists of deferred taxes and differs from amounts that would be calculated by applying state mandated rates on margin from income derived from operations in the State of Texas, due to the effect of various deductible and nondeductible items.
The provision for state margin taxes for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 is $1,204,394 and $0, respectively.
15
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
The tax effect of temporary differences in the timing of IDC expense deductions of $160,585,848 and $0 gives rise to significant portions of the deferred tax liability at March 31, 2023 and December 31 , 2022 respectively.
Note 7. Bank Credit Facility
The Company entered into a bank credit facility on December 23, 2022. Pursuant to the credit agreement, from time to time, the Company may borrow the lesser of the available borrowing base, as determined by the credit agreement, or $100 million, which is the maximum borrowing capacity of the bank credit facility. The outstanding balance is $55 million and $30 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 respectively. The loan is due at maturity on December 23, 2024. The bank credit facility is secured by substantially all of the Company’s oil and gas properties. There are no letters of credit outstanding under the bank credit facility at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
The Company may elect that borrowings be comprised of any combination of adjusted base rate (ABR) loans or adjusted SOFR rate loans. The Company pays interest on the unpaid principal amount of each loan until such principal amount is repaid in full. Interest on the loans is determined as follows:
| • | with respect to ABR loans, the adjusted base rate equals the U.S. Prime Rate as published by The Wall Street Journal, plus an applicable margin ranging from and including 0.5% and 1.25% per annum, determined by the percentage of the borrowing base then in effect that is drawn, or |
| • | with respect to any adjusted SOFR rate loans, one-, two-, three- or six-month SOFR plus the SOFR Spread ranging from and including 2.00% and 3.00% per annum, determined by the percentage of the borrowing base then in effect that is drawn. |
Interest expense related to the bank credit facility for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $824,240 and $0, respectively. The effective interest rate at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was 8.97% and 8.42%, respectively.
Note 8. Significant Concentrations
During 2023 and 2022, all the Company’s sales and accounts receivable- oil and gas sales were related to oil and gas production in the oil and gas industry. This concentration may impact the Company’s business risk, either positively or negatively, in that commodity prices, customers and suppliers may be similarly affected by changes in economic, political or other conditions related to the industry. The Company’s revenues are all from oil and gas production in the Permian Basin of West Texas which exposes the Company to geographic risk in the event that there are changes in this region. The Company sold production comprising 99% and 0% of oil revenues to one third-party purchaser for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company does not believe that the loss of a purchaser would have an adverse effect on its ability to sell its crude oil and natural gas production due to the competitive nature of the oil and gas industry and availability of marketing alternatives.
The Company regularly maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts, which at times may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses with respect to the related risks to cash and cash equivalents and does not believe its exposure to such risk is more than nominal.
16
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
Note 9. Commitments and Contingencies
Legal Matters
In the ordinary course of business, the Company may at times be subject to claims and legal actions. Management does not believe the impact of such matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. The Company had no legal matters requiring specific disclosure or recognition of a liability as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
Environmental
The Company is subject to extensive federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations which may materially affect its operations. These laws, which are constantly changing, regulate the discharge of materials into the environment and may require the Company to remove or mitigate the environmental effects of the disposal or release of petroleum or chemical substances at various sites.
In the Company’s acquisition of existing or previously drilled well bores, the Company may not be aware of what environmental safeguards were taken at the time such wells were drilled or during such time the wells were operated. However, should it be determined that a liability exists with respect to any environmental cleanup or restoration, the liability to cure such a violation could still fall upon the Company.
No claim has been made, nor is the Company aware of any liability which the Company may have, as it relates to any environmental cleanup, restoration, or the violation of any rules or regulations relating thereto. The Company maintains comprehensive insurance coverage that it believes is adequate to mitigate the risk of any adverse financial effects associated with these risks.
Note 10. Members’ Equity Accounts
Capital contributions are based on capital calls, as determined by the board of managers. Contribution requests to the Members are based on their commitment interest during that period of time, as defined by the Agreement. Cash earnings on profits and any items in nature of income or gain will be applied to the Members’ capital accounts in accordance with their earnings interest, as defined by the Agreement.
The Company has three classes of members’ equity, Classes A, B and C Units. Class A and B Units have all the rights, privileges, preferences and obligations provided for in the Agreement, which are consistent with an ordinary equity ownership interest. Class A Units are a class of up to 2,520,000 membership units to be issued to EnCap. Class B Units are a class of up to 120,000 membership units to be issued to Piedra Resources IV, LLC. The purchase price per each Class A and Class B Unit is $100. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, EnCap has purchased 1,104,762 Class A Units for a total of $110,476,190 and Resources has purchased 55,238 Class B Units for a total of $5,523,810. The board of managers has issued 100,000 Class C Units to Resources. Class C Units do not have voting rights and holders are not required to make any form of contribution to the Company. Class C Units do not have a risk of loss and will only be entitled to share in distributions and allocations if and to the extent the board of managers makes such distributions and applicable thresholds have been met. As such, the Class C Units are treated as a profit-sharing arrangement accounted for under FASB ASC Topic 710, Compensation – General, for which distributions will be expensed to compensation as declared.
17
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Notes to Financial Statements
Note 11. Subsequent Events
The Company has evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure through May
4, 2023, the date the financial statements were available to be issued. During this period, the Company did not have any material recognizable subsequent events other than the following:
| • | The Company is party to a Stock Purchase Agreement with Ovintiv effective January 1, 2023 whereby Ovintiv will acquire all outstanding Class A and B Units of the Company. The transaction is expected to close on or before June 30, 2023. |
18
Exhibit 99.15
Condensed Combined Unaudited Interim Financial Statements
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and
for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Table of Contents
| Page | ||||
| Independent Auditors’ Report |
1 | |||
| Condensed Combined Unaudited Interim Financial Statements: |
||||
| Balance Sheets |
3 | |||
| Statements of Operations |
4 | |||
| Statements of Equity |
5 | |||
| Statements of Cash Flows |
6 | |||
| Notes to Condensed Combined Unaudited Interim Financial Statements |
7 | |||
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Condensed Combined Unaudited Balance Sheets
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022
(in thousands)
| March 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | |||||||
| ASSETS |
||||||||
| Current assets: |
||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 5,414 | $ | 3,074 | ||||
| Accounts receivable, net |
32,946 | 43,376 | ||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
742 | 690 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current assets |
39,102 | 47,140 | ||||||
| Oil and gas property and equipment, based on successful efforts method of accounting, net |
711,445 | 621,018 | ||||||
| Other property and equipment, net |
13,423 | 12,588 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total assets |
$ | 763,970 | $ | 680,746 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY |
||||||||
| Current liabilities: |
||||||||
| Accounts payable |
$ | 27,811 | $ | 36,386 | ||||
| Oil and gas sales payable |
5,739 | 7,662 | ||||||
| Affiliate payable |
4,323 | 23,602 | ||||||
| Accrued liabilities |
42,126 | 33,584 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current liabilities |
79,999 | 101,234 | ||||||
| Noncurrent liabilities: |
||||||||
| Asset retirement obligations |
5,789 | 5,753 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total noncurrent liabilities |
5,789 | 5,753 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total liabilities |
85,788 | 106,987 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 8) |
||||||||
| Members’ equity |
678,182 | 573,759 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total liabilities and members’ equity |
$ | 763,970 | $ | 680,746 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
See notes to the condensed combined unaudited interim financial statements
3
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Condensed Combined Unaudited Statements of Operations
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(in thousands)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| REVENUES: |
||||||||
| Crude oil, natural gas, and NGL sales |
$ | 81,788 | $ | 18,190 | ||||
| Saltwater disposal revenues |
14 | 10 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total revenues |
81,802 | 18,200 | ||||||
| OPERATING EXPENSES: |
||||||||
| Lease operating and workover expenses |
10,517 | 4,748 | ||||||
| Exploration expense |
51 | 12 | ||||||
| Severance and ad valorem taxes |
4,128 | 895 | ||||||
| Depletion, depreciation and amortization expense |
33,638 | 5,765 | ||||||
| Acquisition-related costs |
— | 39 | ||||||
| General and administrative |
966 | 1,032 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total operating expenses |
49,300 | 12,491 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Income from operations |
32,502 | 5,709 | ||||||
| OTHER INCOME: |
||||||||
| Other income |
23 | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total other income |
23 | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES |
32,525 | 5,709 | ||||||
| Income tax expense |
(820 | ) | — | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| NET INCOME |
$ | 31,705 | $ | 5,709 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
See notes to the condensed combined unaudited interim financial statements
4
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Condensed Combined Unaudited Statements of Equity
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(in thousands)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Beginning Balance |
$ | 573,759 | $ | 288,344 | ||||
| Contributions from parent, net |
72,718 | 7,586 | ||||||
| Net income |
31,705 | 5,709 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Ending Balance |
$ | 678,182 | $ | 301,639 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
See notes to the condensed combined unaudited interim financial statements
5
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Condensed Combined Unaudited Statements of Cash Flows
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(in thousands)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
| Net income |
$ | 31,705 | $ | 5,709 | ||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities |
||||||||
| Depletion, depreciation and amortization |
33,564 | 5,706 | ||||||
| Accretion expense |
74 | 59 | ||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
| Accounts receivable, net |
10,430 | (1,691 | ) | |||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
(52 | ) | (444 | ) | ||||
| Accounts payable |
(8,575 | ) | 1,230 | |||||
| Oil and gas sales payable |
(1,923 | ) | (79 | ) | ||||
| Affiliate payable |
(19,279 | ) | 492 | |||||
| Accrued liabilities |
8,542 | 13,748 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities |
54,486 | 24,730 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
| Additions to oil and gas properties |
(123,723 | ) | (31,235 | ) | ||||
| Acquisitions of oil and gas properties |
— | (1,849 | ) | |||||
| Acquisitions of other property and equipment |
(1,141 | ) | (1,191 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash used in investing activities |
(124,864 | ) | (34,275 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
| Contributions from parent, net |
72,718 | 7,586 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities |
72,718 | 7,586 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
2,340 | (1,959 | ) | |||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year |
3,074 | 4,580 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of year |
$ | 5,414 | $ | 2,621 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
See notes to the condensed combined unaudited interim financial statements
6
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Condensed Combined Unaudited Interim Financial Statements
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and
for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
Note 1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Description
Black Swan Permian, LLC, (“BSP”) was formed on November 28, 2018 as a wholly owned subsidiary of Black Swan Oil & Gas, LLC (“BSOG”). BSP owns working interests in various oil and gas properties in the Permian Basin in West Texas. The existing properties of BSP are primarily located in Martin County, Texas, which is prospective for the horizontal development of the Spraberry, Wolfcamp and other oil-weighted formations in the Midland Basin, a sub-basin of the Permian Basin.
Black Swan Operating, LLC, (“BSO”) was formed on October 11, 2017 as a wholly owned subsidiary of BSOG and is the operating entity for the oil and gas activities of BSP.
Black Swan EmployerCo, LLC, (“BSE”) was formed on October 17, 2017 as a wholly owned subsidiary of BSOG to provide general administrative and management services to BSP.
Basis of Presentation of Condensed Combined Unaudited Interim Financial Statements
These condensed combined unaudited interim financial statements (“financial statements”) have been prepared on a “carve-out” basis and derived from the historical results of operations, assets and liabilities of BSP and BSO along with an allocation of general and administrative expenses from BSE (collectively, the combined historical financial statements of BSP and BSO along with the allocation of general and administrative expenses of BSE are hereafter referred to as “Black Swan Subject Companies”).
The historical costs and expenses reflected in the financial statements of Black Swan Subject Companies include an allocation for certain corporate and shared service functions historically provided by BSE, including, but not limited to, executive oversight, accounting, treasury, tax, human resources, procurement, and other shared services. These expenses have been allocated to Black Swan Subject Companies and other affiliates of Black Swan Subject Companies on the basis of revenue, which is considered to be a reasonable reflection of the historical utilization levels of these services. The Black Swan Subject Companies believe the assumptions underlying its financial statements, including the assumptions regarding the allocation of general corporate expenses from BSE, are reasonable. Nevertheless, the financial statements may not include all of the actual expenses that would have been incurred had Black Swan Subject Companies operated as a standalone company during the periods presented and may not reflect its combined results of operations, financial position and cash flows had it operated as a standalone company during the periods presented herein. Actual costs that would have been incurred if Black Swan Subject Companies had operated as a standalone company would depend on multiple factors, including organizational structure and strategic decisions made in various areas, including human resources.
7
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Condensed Combined Unaudited Interim Financial Statements
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and
for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
The financial statements of the Black Swan Subject Companies have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”). Certain disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with US GAAP have been condensed or omitted, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial reporting. The accompanying financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes included in the Black Swan Subject Companies combined financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. The accompanying financial statements in this report reflect all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair statement of Black Swan Subject Companies results of operations and cash flows for the three month periods ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 and its financial position as of March 31, 2023.
All significant intercompany accounts and transactions between the businesses comprising BSP and BSO have been eliminated in the accompanying financial statements. In addition, certain historical assets of Black Swan Subject Companies, such as portions of other property and equipment and prepaid assets, among others, have been excluded from these financial statements.
Note 2. Accounts Receivable
Components of accounts receivable include the following (in thousands):
| March 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | |||||||
| Crude oil, natural gas and NGL Sales |
$ | 28,351 | $ | 36,230 | ||||
| Joint interest billings |
4,595 | 7,146 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Gross accounts receivable |
32,946 | 43,376 | ||||||
| Allowance for doubtful accounts |
— | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net accounts receivable |
$ | 32,946 | $ | 43,376 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
As of January 1, 2022, the accounts receivable balance representing amounts due or billable under the terms of contracts with purchasers was $5.4 million. Black Swan Subject Companies review accounts receivable periodically and reduces the carrying amount by a valuation allowance that reflects the best estimate of the amount that may not be collectible. No such allowance was considered necessary at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
8
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Condensed Combined Unaudited Interim Financial Statements
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and
for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
Note 3. Oil and Natural Gas Properties
Capitalized Costs
Black Swan Subject Companies account for its oil and gas operations using the successful efforts method of accounting. The following table reflects the aggregate capitalized costs associated with Black Swan Subject Companies (in thousands):
| March 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | |||||||
| Oil and natural gas properties: |
||||||||
| Proved properties |
$ | 754,330 | $ | 633,474 | ||||
| Unproved properties |
65,879 | 63,052 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total oil and gas properties |
820,209 | 696,526 | ||||||
| Less: Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization |
(108,764 | ) | (75,508 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Oil and gas properties, net |
$ | 711,445 | $ | 621,018 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
There were no impairments of proved or unproved properties for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
Note 4. Other Property and Equipment
Other property and equipment consists of the following (in thousands):
| March 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | |||||||
| Commercial disposal well and other surface assets |
$ | 13,789 | $ | 12,664 | ||||
| Land |
2,392 | 2,392 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total property and equipment |
16,181 | 15,056 | ||||||
| Less: accumulated depreciation |
(2,758 | ) | (2,468 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Other property and equipment, net |
$ | 13,423 | $ | 12,588 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Note 5. Revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue
The following table presents the disaggregation of crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids (“NGLs”) revenue of Black Swan Subject Companies (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Crude oil |
$ | 77,006 | $ | 16,976 | ||||
| Natural gas |
444 | 352 | ||||||
| NGLs |
4,338 | 862 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total crude oil, natural gas and NGL sales, net |
$ | 81,788 | $ | 18,190 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
9
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Condensed Combined Unaudited Interim Financial Statements
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and
for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
Note 6. Asset Retirement Obligations
The following table presents changes in asset retirement obligations of Black Swan Subject Companies (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Asset retirement obligations at beginning of period |
$ | 5,753 | $ | 4,998 | ||||
| Liabilities incurred |
— | — | ||||||
| Revision of estimated obligation |
(38 | ) | — | |||||
| Liabilities settled |
— | — | ||||||
| Accretion expense on discounted obligation |
74 | 59 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Asset retirement obligations at end of period |
$ | 5,789 | $ | 5,057 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Asset retirement obligations are considered a non-recurring level 3 fair value measurement.
Note 7. Fair Value Measurements
The carrying values of cash, accounts receivable, other current assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses included in the accompanying condensed combined unaudited balance sheets approximated fair value at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
Note 8. Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation
From time to time, Black Swan Subject Companies are subject to legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. Like other oil and natural gas producers and marketers, operations are subject to extensive and rapidly changing federal and state environmental, health and safety, and other laws and regulations governing air emissions, wastewater discharges, and solid and hazardous waste management activities. Black Swan Subject Companies are not currently a party to any material legal proceeding and is not aware of any material legal or governmental proceedings, or contemplated to be brought against it.
10
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Condensed Combined Unaudited Interim Financial Statements
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and
for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
Note 9. Income Taxes
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Black Swan Subject Companies are subject to the Texas margin tax. The components of the provision for income taxes from continuing operations of Black Swan Subject Companies three months ended March 31, 2023 is as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 |
||||
| Current |
||||
| Federal |
$ | — | ||
| State |
— | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total current |
— | |||
| Deferred |
||||
| Federal |
— | |||
| State |
820 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total deferred |
820 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total income tax provision |
$ | 820 | ||
|
|
|
|||
The difference in the income tax provision of the Black Swan Subject Companies calculated using its effective rate of 2.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 from the amounts calculated by applying the U.S. federal income tax rate to its pretax income were due to the following items (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 |
||||
| Net income before taxes |
$ | 32,525 | ||
| Statutory rate |
21 | % | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Income tax provision computed at statutory rate |
$ | 6,830 | ||
| Reconciling items: |
||||
| Income not subject to corporate income taxes |
(6,830 | ) | ||
| State income taxes |
820 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Provision for income taxes |
$ | 820 | ||
|
|
|
|||
11
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Condensed Combined Unaudited Interim Financial Statements
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and
for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
The components of the Black Swan Subject Companies net deferred tax asset and liability were as follows (in thousands):
| March 31, 2023 | ||||
| Deferred tax assets: |
||||
| Net operating loss carryforwards |
$ | — | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Total deferred tax assets |
— | |||
| Valuation allowance |
— | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Deferred tax assets after valuation allowance |
$ | — | ||
| Deferred tax liabilities: |
||||
| State tax |
$ | 3,781 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Total deferred tax liabilities |
$ | 3,781 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Total net deferred tax liability |
$ | 3,781 | ||
|
|
|
|||
Note 10. Leases
For three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Black Swan Subject Companies recorded short-term lease payments in the condensed combined unaudited statements of operations in the amount of $0.1 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Black Swan Subject Companies recorded short-term lease payments in oil and gas properties in the amount of $5.3 million and $1.7 million, respectively. These lease costs primarily relate to drilling rigs and other equipment used in development of our oil and gas properties under short-term lease contracts that we are not reasonably certain to renew.
Note 11. Affiliates
BSOG is controlled by EnCap Energy Capital Fund XI, LP (“Fund XI”), which is managed by EnCap Investments, LP (the “EnCap Investor”). In addition to Fund XI, the EnCap Investor manages several other funds, including EnCap Energy Capital Fund X, LP (“Fund X”). Effective as of February 14, 2020, Black Swan Subject Companies and PetroLegacy, an affiliate of Fund X, entered into a water disposal agreement, whereby Black Swan Subject Companies would dispose of PetroLegacy’s produced saltwater into its commercially permitted disposal well. For Black Swan Subject Companies, this resulted in $0.1 million of revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
Black Knight Midstream, LLC (“BKM”), a wholly owned subsidiary of BSOG, owns a crude oil gathering pipeline that commenced operations in March 2023. Subject to acreage dedication and pipeline connection agreements, certain wells of the Black Swan Subject Companies produced crude oil that was gathered by BKM for a fee. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, Black Swan Subject Companies incurred expenses of $0.1 million associated with BKM gathering system.
12
BLACK SWAN SUBJECT COMPANIES
Notes to Condensed Combined Unaudited Interim Financial Statements
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and
for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
In addition, Black Swan Subject Companies own non-operated working interests and royalty interests in several PetroLegacy operated wells. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, this resulted in a portion of capital expenditures of oil and gas properties of Black Swan Subject Companies of $22.1 million and $4.8 million, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, Black Swan Subject Companies had net revenue of $6.7 million and expenses of $0.7 million associated with these non-operated working interests and royalty interests. There were no revenues or expenses associated with these non-operated working interests and royalty interests for three months ended March 31, 2022.
Certain costs for corporate and shared service functions incurred by BSE have been allocated to the Black Swan Subject Companies. These allocated costs were $1.3 million and $1.0 million for three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and are reflected as “general and administrative” in the accompanying condensed combined unaudited statements of operations.
The Black Swan Subject Companies have various transactions with companies that are considered affiliates due to common ownership by the EnCap Investor. Amounts due to affiliates was $4.3 million at March 31, 2023 and $23.6 million at December 31, 2022. These amounts are reflected as “affiliate payable” in the accompanying condensed combined unaudited balance sheets.
Note 12. Supplemental Disclosures to Condensed Combined Unaudited Interim Financial Statements
Accrued Liabilities
Accrued liabilities consisted of the following at the dates indicated (in thousands):
| March 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | |||||||
| Accrued oil and gas capital expenditures |
$ | 33,321 | $ | 25,849 | ||||
| Accrued lease operating and workover expenses |
4,906 | 3,892 | ||||||
| Deferred taxes |
3,781 | 2,961 | ||||||
| Accrued compensation costs |
93 | 861 | ||||||
| Other |
25 | 21 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
$ | 42,126 | $ | 33,584 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Note 13. Subsequent Events
On April 3, 2023, Ovintiv Inc. announced it had entered into a definitive purchase agreement to purchase the Black Swan Subject Companies, with an effective date of January 1, 2023. The purchase of the Black Swan Subject Companies is expected to close during the second fiscal quarter, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions and customary closing adjustments.
In preparing the accompanying financial statements of Black Swan Subject Companies, management has evaluated all subsequent events and transactions for potential recognition or disclosure through May 8, 2023, the date the financial statements of Black Swan Subject Companies were available for issuance and concluded there were no other material subsequent events other than as described above.
13
Exhibit 99.16
CERTAIN INTERESTS IN 1025 INVESTMENTS, LLC
Unaudited Interim Condensed Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
CERTAIN INTERESTS IN 1025 INVESTMENTS, LLC
Table of Contents
| Page | ||||
| Independent Auditors’ Report |
1 | |||
| Unaudited Interim Condensed Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses |
3 | |||
| Notes to Unaudited Interim Condensed Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses |
4 | |||
CERTAIN INTERESTS IN 1025 INVESTMENTS, LLC
Unaudited Interim Condensed Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses
(in thousands)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| REVENUES: |
||||||||
| Crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids royalties |
$ | 2,678 | $ | 374 | ||||
| DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES: |
||||||||
| Severance taxes |
119 | 17 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| REVENUES IN EXCESS OF DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES |
$ | 2,559 | $ | 357 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
3
CERTAIN INTERESTS IN 1025 INVESTMENTS, LLC
Notes to the Unaudited Interim Condensed Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses
Note 1. Basis of Presentation
Description
On February 12, 2019, Black Swan Oil & Gas, LLC (“BSOG”) formed 1025 Investments, LLC (“1025 Investments”), a wholly owned subsidiary, to own certain mineral and royalty interests with respect to BSOG and third-party operated oil and gas properties.
The accompanying unaudited interim condensed statements of revenues and direct operating expenses (the “Unaudited Statements”) represent certain interests held in 1025 Investments (the “Interests”). The Unaudited Statements vary from a complete income statement in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) as they do not include certain revenues recognized and expenses, including but not limited to general and administrative expenses, depletion and amortization, provision for income taxes and other income and expense items not directly associated with revenues from crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids (“NGLs”). Furthermore, no balance sheet has been presented for the Interests as they were not accounted for as a separate subsidiary or division and complete financial statements thereof are not available, nor has information about the operating, investing, and financing cash flows been provided for similar reasons. Accordingly, the Unaudited Statements are presented in lieu of full financial statements. The Unaudited Statements are not indicative of the results of operations on a go forward basis.
Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Use of Estimates
Preparation of the Unaudited Statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management of 1025 Investments to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues and direct operating expenses during the reporting periods for the Interests. Actual results could differ from the estimates and assumptions utilized.
Revenue Recognition
Crude oil, natural gas and NGLs royalty revenues are recognized at the point in time when control of the product is transferred to the purchaser by the operator and collectability of the sales price is reasonably assured. Revenues are priced on the delivery date based on prevailing market prices with certain adjustments related to quality and physical location.
The following table presents the disaggregation of crude oil, natural gas and NGL royalty revenue of the Interests (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Crude oil |
$ | 2,103 | $ | 186 | ||||
| Natural gas |
512 | 10 | ||||||
| NGLs |
63 | 178 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total crude oil, natural gas and NGL sales, net |
$ | 2,678 | $ | 374 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
4
CERTAIN INTERESTS IN 1025 INVESTMENTS, LLC
Notes to the Unaudited Interim Condensed Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses
Direct Operating Expenses
Direct operating expenses are recognized when incurred and consist of production taxes associated with royalty revenues. Under US GAAP, royalty payments are reduced only by applicable state severance taxes.
Note 3. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Contingencies
The Interests may become subject to potential claims and litigation in the normal course of operations. 1025 Investments is not aware of any legal, environmental or other contingencies that would have a material effect on the Unaudited Statements.
Note 4. Subsequent Events
On April 3, 2023, Ovintiv Inc. announced it had entered into a definitive purchase agreement to purchase the Interests, with an effective date of January 1, 2023. The purchase of the Interests is expected to close during the second fiscal quarter, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions and customary closing adjustments.
1025 Investments has evaluated subsequent events through May 8, 2023, the date the Unaudited Statements were available to be issued, and has concluded there are no other material subsequent events that would require recognition or disclosure in these Unaudited Statements other than described above.
5
Exhibit 99.17
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF OVINTIV INC.
On April 3, 2023, Ovintiv Inc. (“Ovintiv”) and NMB Seller Representative, LLC, representing the respective sellers including, Black Swan Oil & Gas, LLC, PetroLegacy II Holdings, LLC, Piedra Energy III Holdings, LLC and Piedra Energy IV Holdings, LLC (collectively the “Sellers”), which are portfolio companies of funds managed by EnCap Investments L.P (“EnCap”), entered into a definitive securities purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) whereby Ovintiv will purchase the outstanding equity interests of six Delaware limited liability companies including Black Swan Permian, LLC and Black Swan Operating, LLC (together, “Black Swan Combined”), PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC, PearlSnap Midstream, LLC, Piedra Energy III, LLC and Piedra Energy IV, LLC and associated subsidiaries (collectively, the “Permian LLCs”) along with other certain overriding royalties interests for approximately $4.3 billion, subject to closing adjustments under the Purchase Agreement. Upon closing, the acquisition will add approximately 1,050 net 10,000 foot well locations to Ovintiv’s Permian inventory and approximately 65,000 net acres in the core of the Midland Basin, strategically located in close proximity to Ovintiv’s current Permian operations.
The acquisition of the Permian LLCs will be accounted for as a single transaction because the Purchase Agreement was entered into at the same time and in contemplation of one another and form a single transaction designed to achieve an overall economic effect (“Permian Acquisition”). Upon consummation of the Permian Acquisition, the acquired Permian LLCs will be accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting with Ovintiv identified as the acquirer. Under the acquisition method of accounting, Ovintiv will record all assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their respective acquisition date fair values at the closing date.
The acquisition method of accounting is dependent upon certain valuations and other studies that are underway but have yet to progress to a stage where there is sufficient information for a definitive measure. The sources and amounts of transaction expenses may also differ from that assumed in the following pro forma adjustments. Accordingly, the pro forma adjustments are preliminary, have been made solely for the purpose of providing pro forma financial statements, and are subject to revision based on a final determination of fair values as of the date of acquisition. Differences between these preliminary estimates and the final acquisition accounting may have a material impact on the accompanying pro forma financial statements and the combined company’s future results of operations and financial position.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements are derived from the historical consolidated financial statements of Ovintiv and the Permian LLCs, adjusted to reflect the combination of Ovintiv and the Permian LLCs. Certain of the Permian LLCs historical amounts have been reclassified to conform to Ovintiv’s financial statement presentation. The Permian LLCs historical amounts have been derived from the audited and unaudited financial statements filed herewith as exhibits to this Current Report on Form 8-K. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of March 31, 2023 gives effect to the Permian Acquisition as if the acquisition had been completed on March 31, 2023. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of earnings for the period ended March 31, 2023 and the year ended December 31, 2022 gives effect to the Permian Acquisition as if the acquisition had been completed on January 1, 2022.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements reflect the following pro forma adjustments, based on available information and certain assumptions that Ovintiv believes are reasonable:
| • | consideration consisting of i) the issuance of approximately 32.6 million shares of Ovintiv common stock and ii) $3.125 billion in cash; |
| • | the effects of debt financing including the Company’s revolving credit facility and the anticipated issuance of senior unsecured notes. Ovintiv expects to issue the senior unsecured notes at fixed interest rates and varying maturities with an estimated weighted average interest rate of 6.0%. The proceeds from the term loan under the Company’s revolving credit facility, as well as the anticipated senior notes, with various terms and maturity dates, will be used to fund the cash consideration of the Permian Acquisition; |
| • | the acquisition of Permian LLCs assets consisting primarily of oil and gas properties; |
| • | recognition of expenses and assumption of liabilities for transaction-related costs; and |
| • | the recognition of estimated tax impacts of the pro forma adjustments. |
For income tax purposes, the Permian Acquisition will be treated as an asset purchase such that the tax bases in the assets and liabilities will generally reflect the allocated fair value at closing. Therefore, the Company does not anticipate a material tax consequence for deferred income taxes related to the Permian Acquisition.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements do not reflect a pro forma adjustment related to the anticipated proceeds and sale of Ovintiv’s Bakken oil and gas properties (“Bakken Assets”), which is expected to close contemporaneously with the Permian Acquisition in June 2023. The Bakken Assets were determined to not be significant and comprise less than five percent of the Company’s total assets and revenue. However, the proceeds received from the sale of the Bakken Assets are expected to be $825 million, before closing adjustments, and will be used to fund the Permian Acquisition. The Bakken Assets will be purchased by Grayson Mill Bakken, LLC, also a portfolio company of funds managed by EnCap, under a separate purchase agreement. As a result, the debt financing used to fund the Permian Acquisition is expected to be $2.3 billion from the anticipated issuance of senior unsecured notes as compared to the $3.125 billion of debt financing reflected in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements.
Assumptions and estimates underlying the pro forma adjustments are described in the accompanying notes, which should be read in conjunction with the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements. In Ovintiv’s opinion, all adjustments that are necessary to present fairly the pro forma information have been made. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes contained in Ovintiv’s Annual Report and on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, the unaudited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes contained in Ovintiv’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2023 and the audited and unaudited financial statements and accompanying notes and statements of revenues and direct operating expenses, as applicable, of the associated Permian LLCs contained in Exhibits 99.1 to 99.16 of this Current Report on Form 8-K.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to represent what Ovintiv’s financial position or results of operations would have been had the Permian Acquisition actually been consummated on the assumed dates, nor is it indicative of Ovintiv’s future financial position or results of operations. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information does not reflect future events that may occur after the acquisition, including, but not limited to, the anticipated realization of ongoing savings from potential operating efficiencies, asset dispositions, cost savings or economies of scale that the combined company may achieve with respect to the combined operations. As a result, future results may vary significantly from the pro forma results reflected herein.
| Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Balance Sheet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| As of March 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Permian LLCs Historical | Pro Forma Adjustments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ millions) | Ovintiv Historical |
Piedra Energy III, LLC |
Piedra Energy IV, LLC |
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC |
PearlSnap Midstream, LLC |
Black Swan Combined(1) |
Reclassification & Elimination Adjustments (Note 2) |
Acquisition & Transaction Adjustments (Note 2) |
Pro Forma Combined |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current Assets |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents |
26 | 13 | — | 33 | 1 | 5 | — | — | 78 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts receivable and accrued revenues |
1,277 | — | — | — | 1 | 33 | 112 | a,b | — | 1,423 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts receivable - oil & gas sales |
— | 27 | 8 | 72 | — | — | (107 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts receivable - joint interest owners |
— | 1 | — | — | — | — | (1 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts receivable - related parties |
— | 58 | — | 5 | 6 | — | (69 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other |
— | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | (2 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk management |
89 | 2 | — | 9 | — | — | (11 | ) | b | — | 89 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax receivable |
3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Current Assets |
1,395 | 101 | 8 | 120 | 8 | 39 | (78 | ) | — | 1,593 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property, Plant and Equipment, at cost: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Oil and natural gas properties, based on full cost accounting |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proved properties |
58,002 | 403 | 209 | 1,018 | — | — | 1,198 | a | 678 | c | 61,508 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Oil and natural gas property and equipment, net |
— | — | — | — | — | 712 | (712 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wells in progress |
— | 70 | 20 | 152 | — | — | (242 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lease and well equipment |
— | 89 | 54 | — | — | — | (143 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unproved properties |
1,016 | — | — | 37 | — | — | 66 | a | 844 | c | 1,963 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tubular Stock |
— | 31 | 1 | — | — | — | (32 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction in progress |
— | — | — | — | 4 | — | (4 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property plant &equipment |
— | — | — | — | 38 | — | (38 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other |
910 | — | — | — | — | — | 32 | a | — | 942 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment |
59,928 | 593 | 284 | 1,207 | 42 | 712 | 125 | 1,522 | 64,413 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization |
(50,017 | ) | (129 | ) | (35 | ) | (230 | ) | (4 | ) | — | (108 | ) | 506 | (50,017 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment, net |
9,911 | 464 | 249 | 977 | 38 | 712 | 17 | 2,028 | 14,396 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Land |
— | — | — | — | 3 | — | (3 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Assets |
1,009 | — | — | 2 | — | — | (2 | ) | a | — | 1,009 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other PP&E |
— | — | — | 1 | — | 13 | (14 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk Management |
3 | — | — | 5 | — | — | (5 | ) | b | — | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred Financing Costs |
— | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | 2 | a | (4 | ) | c | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred Income Taxes |
221 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 221 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Goodwill |
2,584 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | (2 | ) | c | 2,584 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Assets |
15,123 | 568 | 258 | 1,105 | 49 | 764 | (83 | ) | 2,022 | 19,806 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | Comprises the combined financial information of Black Swan Permian, LLC and Black Swan Operating, LLC (“Black Swan Combined”). The financial information related to Certain Interests in 1025 Investments, LLC has been prepared in a Statement of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses and is presented in the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Earnings. |
| Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Balance Sheet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| As of March 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Permian LLCs Historical | Pro Forma Adjustments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ millions) | Ovintiv Historical |
Piedra Energy III, |
Piedra Energy IV, |
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC |
PearlSnap Midstream, LLC |
Black Swan Combined (1) |
Reclassification & Elimination Adjustments (Note 2) |
Acquisition & Transaction Adjustments (Note 2) |
Pro Forma Combined |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current Liabilities |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
1,872 | 56 | — | 62 | 1 | 28 | 214 | a,b | 95 | c,e | 2,328 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Related party payable |
— | — | 111 | 12 | 4 | 4 | (131 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued liabilities |
— | — | — | — | — | 42 | (42 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued expenses |
— | — | — | — | 1 | — | (1 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued capital expenses |
— | — | — | 54 | — | — | (54 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue payable |
— | 12 | — | 36 | — | 6 | (54 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current portion of operating lease liabilities |
88 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 88 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Incomes tax payable |
47 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 47 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk management |
45 | — | — | 7 | — | — | (7 | ) | b | — | 45 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current portion of asset retirement obligation |
— | — | — | 3 | — | — | (3 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current portion of long-term debt |
580 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 580 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Current Liabilities |
2,632 | 68 | 111 | 174 | 6 | 80 | (78 | ) | 95 | 3,088 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-Term Debt |
3,176 | 100 | 55 | 224 | — | — | (379 | ) | b | 3,106 | f | 6,282 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Lease Liabilities |
809 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 809 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Liabilities and Provisions |
116 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6 | c | 122 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk Management |
22 | — | — | 4 | — | — | (4 | ) | b | — | 22 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset Retirement Obligation |
276 | 13 | 1 | 12 | — | 6 | — | (14 | ) | c | 294 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred Income Taxes |
198 | 2 | 1 | 3 | — | — | 4 | a | (10 | ) | c | 198 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Liabilities |
7,229 | 183 | 168 | 417 | 6 | 86 | (457 | ) | 3,183 | 10,815 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shareholders’ Equity |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Members’ equity |
— | 385 | 90 | 688 | 43 | 678 | — | (1,884 | ) | d | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share capital |
3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | g | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Paid in surplus |
7,555 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1,174 | g | 8,729 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retained earnings (Accumulated deficit) |
(655 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | — | (77 | ) | e | (732 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income |
991 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 991 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Shareholders’ Equity |
7,894 | 385 | 90 | 688 | 43 | 678 | — | (787 | ) | 8,991 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity |
15,123 | 568 | 258 | 1,105 | 49 | 764 | (457 | ) | 2,396 | 19,806 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | Comprises the combined financial information of Black Swan Permian, LLC and Black Swan Operating, LLC (“Black Swan Combined”). The financial information of Certain Interests in 1025 Investments, LLC has been prepared as a Statement of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses and is presented in the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Earnings. |
| Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Earnings | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Permian LLCs Historical | Pro Forma Adjustments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ millions, except per share amounts) |
Ovintiv Historical |
Piedra Energy III, LLC |
Piedra Energy IV, LLC |
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC |
PearlSnap Midstream, LLC |
Black Swan Combined |
Interests in 1025 Investments, LLC(1) |
Reclassification & Elimination Adjustments (Note 3) |
Acquisition & Transaction Adjustments (Note 3) |
Pro Forma Combined |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Product and service revenues |
2,592 | — | — | — | — | 82 | 3 | 218 | a | — | 2,895 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Oil & condensate |
— | 81 | 17 | 111 | — | — | — | (209 | ) | a | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
— | 2 | — | 2 | — | — | — | (4 | ) | a | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas liquids |
— | — | — | 4 | — | — | — | (4 | ) | a | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gains (losses) on risk management, net |
(58 | ) | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | 7 | a | — | (50 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sublease revenues |
17 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 17 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Produced water handling - related parties |
— | — | — | — | 5 | — | — | (5 | ) | a,b | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Water solutions - related parties |
— | — | — | — | 3 | — | — | (3 | ) | a,b | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Revenues |
2,551 | 84 | 17 | 117 | 8 | 82 | 3 | — | — | 2,862 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Production, mineral and other taxes |
84 | 4 | 1 | 5 | — | 4 | — | — | — | 98 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transportation and processing |
455 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 455 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating |
206 | 7 | 1 | 25 | 2 | 10 | — | (3 | ) | b | — | 248 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchased product |
701 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 701 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
364 | 21 | 35 | 26 | — | 34 | — | — | (11 | ) | d | 469 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligation |
5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Administrative |
58 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | 61 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Operating Expenses |
1,873 | 32 | 38 | 57 | 2 | 49 | — | (3 | ) | (11 | ) | 2,037 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Income (Loss) |
678 | 52 | (21 | ) | 60 | 6 | 33 | 3 | 3 | 11 | 825 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other (Income) Expenses |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Gain) Loss on derivative contracts, net |
— | — | — | (7 | ) | — | — | — | 7 | a | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest |
71 | 2 | 1 | 4 | — | — | — | — | 37 | e | 115 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange (gain) loss, net |
(3 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (3 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other (gains) losses, net |
(3 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (3 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Other (Income) Expenses |
65 | 2 | 1 | (3 | ) | — | — | — | 7 | 37 | 109 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Earnings (Loss) Before Income Tax |
613 | 50 | (22 | ) | 63 | 6 | 33 | 3 | (4 | ) | (26 | ) | 716 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense (recovery) |
126 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | 18 | g | 147 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Earnings (Loss) |
487 | 50 | (23 | ) | 62 | 6 | 32 | 3 | (4 | ) | (44 | ) | 569 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Earnings Per Common Share |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic |
1.99 | h | 2.05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted |
1.97 | h | 2.03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding (millions) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic |
244.3 | 32.6 | h | 276.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted |
247.7 | 32.6 | h | 280.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | Certain Interests in 1025 Investments, LLC to be acquired by Ovintiv USA Inc. (“Interests in 1025 Investments, LLC”). |
| Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Earnings | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Permian LLCs Historical | Pro Forma Adjustments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ millions, except per share amounts) |
Ovintiv Historical |
Piedra Energy III, LLC |
Piedra Energy IV, LLC |
PetroLegacy Combined (1) |
PearlSnap Midstream, LLC |
Black Swan Combined |
Interests in 1025 Investments, LLC |
Reclassification & Elimination Adjustments (Note 3) |
Acquisition & Transaction Adjustments (Note 3) |
Pro Forma Combined |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Product and service revenues |
14,263 | — | — | — | — | 220 | 6 | 719 | a | — | 15,208 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Oil & condensate |
262 | 1 | 418 | — | — | — | (681 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas |
10 | — | 9 | — | — | — | (19 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural gas liquids |
— | — | 14 | — | — | — | (14 | ) | a | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gains (losses) on risk management, net |
(1,867 | ) | (10 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | (36 | ) | a | — | (1,913 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sublease revenues |
68 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 68 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on sale of properties |
— | (1 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | c | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Produced water handling |
— | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | (1 | ) | a,b | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Produced water handling - related parties |
— | — | — | — | 10 | — | — | (10 | ) | a,b | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Water solutions - related parties |
— | — | — | — | 10 | — | — | (10 | ) | a,b | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Revenues |
12,464 | 261 | 1 | 441 | 21 | 220 | 6 | (52 | ) | 1 | 13,363 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Production, mineral and other taxes |
415 | 13 | — | 21 | — | 11 | — | — | — | 460 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transportation and processing |
1,786 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1,786 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating |
802 | 30 | 1 | 45 | 6 | 36 | — | (6 | ) | b | — | 914 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchased product |
4,055 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4,055 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
1,113 | 49 | — | 123 | 1 | 61 | — | — | 134 | d | 1,481 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accretion of asset retirement obligation |
18 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 19 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Administrative |
422 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 5 | — | — | 77 | f | 514 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Operating Expenses |
8,611 | 95 | 3 | 193 | 9 | 113 | — | (6 | ) | 211 | 9,229 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
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|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Income (Loss) |
3,853 | 166 | (2 | ) | 248 | 12 | 107 | 6 | (46 | ) | (210 | ) | 4,134 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
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|
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|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other (Income) Expenses |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on derivative contracts |
— | — | — | 36 | — | — | — | (36 | ) | a | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest |
311 | 5 | — | 9 | — | — | — | — | 170 | e | 495 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange (gain) loss, net |
15 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 15 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other (gains) losses, net |
(33 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (33 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Other (Income) Expenses |
293 | 5 | — | 45 | — | — | — | (36 | ) | 170 | 477 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Earnings (Loss) Before Income Tax |
3,560 | 161 | (2 | ) | 203 | 12 | 107 | 6 | (10 | ) | (380 | ) | 3,657 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense (recovery) |
(77 | ) | 1 | — | 2 | — | 3 | — | — | 15 | g | (56 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Earnings (Loss) |
3,637 | 160 | (2 | ) | 201 | 12 | 104 | 6 | (10 | ) | (395 | ) | 3,713 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Earnings Per Common Share |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic |
14.34 | h | 12.97 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted |
14.08 | h | 12.76 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding (millions) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic |
253.6 | 32.6 | h | 286.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted |
258.4 | 32.6 | h | 291.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | Comprises the combined financial information of PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and Certain Interests in Peacemaker Royalties, LP (“PetroLegacy Combined”). |
NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1 — Basis of Presentation
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been derived from the historical consolidated financial statements of Ovintiv and the historical financial information of the Permian LLCs in accordance with Article 11 of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) Regulation S-X. Certain of the Permian LLCs historical amounts have been reclassified to conform to Ovintiv’s financial statement presentation. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of March 31, 2023 give effect to the Permian Acquisition and the related financing transactions as if they had occurred on March 31, 2023. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements of earnings for the period ended March 31, 2023 and the year ended December 31, 2022 give effect to the Permian Acquisition and the related financing transactions as if they had occurred on January 1, 2022.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements reflect pro forma adjustments that are described in the accompanying notes and are based on available information and certain assumptions that Ovintiv believes are reasonable. However, actual results may differ from those reflected in these statements. In Ovintiv’s opinion, all adjustments that are necessary to present fairly the pro forma information have been made. The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements do not purport to represent what the financial position or results of operations would have been if the Permian Acquisition and the related financing transactions had actually occurred on the dates indicated above, nor are they indicative of Ovintiv’s future financial position or results of operations. No adjustments have been made to the pro forma financial information to reflect costs savings or synergies that may be obtained as a result of the Permian Acquisition described herein.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information includes adjustments to conform the Permian LLCs accounting policies to Ovintiv’s accounting policies, including adjusting the Permian LLCs oil and gas properties to the full cost method. The Permian LLCs follow the successful efforts method of accounting for oil and gas properties, while Ovintiv follows the full cost method of accounting for oil and gas properties. Certain costs that are expensed under the successful efforts method are capitalized under the full cost method, including unsuccessful exploration drilling costs, geological and geophysical costs, delay rentals on leases and administrative expenses directly related to exploration and development activities. Under the full cost method of accounting, property acquisition costs, costs of wells, related equipment and facilities and future development costs are all included in a single full cost pool, which is amortized on a units-of-production basis over total proved reserves. Under the successful efforts method of accounting, property acquisition costs are amortized on a units-of-production basis over total proved reserves, while costs of wells and related equipment and facilities are amortized on a units-of-production basis over proved developed reserves. Under the full cost method of accounting, proceeds from the divestiture of properties are normally deducted from the full cost pool without recognition of a gain or loss unless the deduction significantly alters the relationship between capitalized costs and proved reserves in the cost center, in which case a gain or loss is recognized in net earnings. Under the successful efforts method of accounting, gains or losses are recognized on divestitures of properties.
Note 2 — Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Balance Sheet
The Permian Acquisition will be accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations. The allocation of the preliminary estimated purchase price is based upon Ovintiv management’s estimates of and assumptions related to the fair value of assets to be acquired and liabilities to be assumed, using currently available information. While the valuation procedures are currently in process, Ovintiv uses a discounted cash flow model in determining the fair value of the oil and gas properties. Significant inputs into the calculation include future commodity prices, estimated volumes of oil and gas reserves, expectations for timing and amount of future development and operating costs, future plugging and abandonment costs and a risk adjusted discount rate. The current preliminary purchase price allocation is based on a preliminary discounted cash flow analysis. As the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been prepared based on these preliminary estimates, the final purchase price allocation and the resulting effect on financial position and results of operations may differ significantly from the pro forma amounts.
The preliminary purchase price allocation is subject to change as a result of several factors, including but not limited to changes between the estimated and final fair value of the Permian LLCs assets acquired and liabilities assumed presented in this Current Report on Form 8-K and the closing date of the Permian Acquisition.
The preliminary consideration transferred, fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed were calculated as follows:
| ($ millions) |
||||
| Consideration |
||||
| Cash |
3,125 | |||
| Fair value of Ovintiv common stock to be issued (1) |
1,174 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total Consideration |
4,299 | |||
| Fair Value of Assets Acquired |
||||
| Cash and cash equivalents |
52 | |||
| Accounts receivable and accrued revenues |
146 | |||
| Proved property |
3,506 | |||
| Unproved property |
947 | |||
| Other property plant and equipment |
32 | |||
| Fair Value of Liabilities Assumed |
||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
(358 | ) | ||
| Asset retirement obligations |
(20 | ) | ||
| Other non-current liabilities |
(6 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Net Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed |
4,299 | |||
|
|
|
| (1) | Based on 32.6 million Ovintiv common stock at $35.95 per share (closing price as of May 1, 2023 on the NYSE). |
The final value of total consideration paid by Ovintiv will be determined based on the aggregate amount of purchase price adjustments calculated in accordance with the Purchase Agreement, the resulting number of Ovintiv shares issued based on said purchase price adjustments and the market price of Ovintiv’s common share at the closing date of the Permian Acquisition.
The following adjustments have been made to the accompanying unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of March 31, 2023:
| (a) | Reflects reclassification of the Permian LLCs amounts presented to conform to Ovintiv’s presentation: |
| • | Receivables from oil & gas sales, joint interest owners, related parties and Prepaid expenses to Accounts receivable and accrued revenues; |
| • | Related party payables from Accounts receivable and accrued revenues to Accounts payable and accrued liabilities; |
| • | Capital costs from wells in progress, lease and well equipment, and salt water and disposal well related infrastructure to Proved properties which reflects harmonization to Ovintiv’s full cost accounting policy; |
| • | Tubular stock to capital spares in Other property plant and equipment; |
| • | Other Assets to Deferred Financing Costs; |
| • | Accrued liabilities, expenses, capital expenses, Revenue payable, Related party payable and Current portion of asset retirement obligation to Accounts payable and accrued liabilities; and |
| • | Deferred income taxes from Accounts payable and accrued liabilities. |
| (b) | Reflects the elimination of historical related party transactions between the Permian LLCs acquired that would be treated as intercompany transactions on a consolidated basis and reflects elimination of assets and liabilities retained by the respective Sellers. |
| (c) | The estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed resulted in the following purchase price allocation adjustments: |
| • | $2 billion increase in the Permian LLCs net book basis of oil and gas properties and other property plant and equipment; |
| • | $4 million decrease in deferred financing costs and a $2 million decrease in historical goodwill; |
| • | $15 million decrease in asset retirement obligations; and |
| • | $6 million increase in other liabilities and provisions and a $10 million decrease in the deferred income tax liability. |
| (d) | Reflects the elimination of the Permian LLCs historical equity balances in accordance with the acquisition method of accounting. |
| (e) | Reflects the impact of estimated bridge financing, financial advisor, legal and accounting fees that are not capitalized as part of the transaction. Any such charge could affect the future results of the post-acquisition company in the period in which such charges are incurred; however, these costs are not expected to be incurred in any period beyond twelve months from the closing date of the transaction. Accordingly, the pro forma statements of the unaudited balance sheet and earnings reflect an estimated accrual for the effects of these nonrecurring charges, which are not included in the historical statements of operations of Ovintiv for the historical periods presented. |
| (f) | Reflects debt financing of $3.125 billion to finance the Permian Acquisition and estimated debt issuance costs of $19 million. |
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements do not reflect a pro forma adjustment related to the anticipated proceeds and sale of Ovintiv’s Bakken Assets, which is expected to close contemporaneously with the Permian Acquisition in June 2023. Proceeds from the sale of the Bakken Assets are expected to be $825 million, before closing adjustments, and will be used to fund the Permian Acquisition. As a result, the debt financing used to fund the Permian Acquisition is expected to be $2.3 billion from the anticipated issuance of senior unsecured notes.
| (g) | Reflects the increase in Ovintiv’s common stock, resulting from the issuance of Ovintiv common stock to the Permian LLCs to effect the transaction as follows (in millions): |
| Ovintiv common stock issued |
32.6 | |||
| NYSE closing price per share of Ovintiv common stock on May 1, 2023 |
$ | 35.95 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| Fair value of Ovintiv common stock issued |
$ | 1,174 |
Note 3. Adjustments to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statements of Earnings
The following adjustments have been made to the accompanying unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements of earnings for the period ended March 31, 2023 and the year ended December 31, 2022:
| (a) | Reflects reclassification of the Permian LLCs amounts presented to conform to Ovintiv’s presentation: |
| • | Revenues from Oil & condensate, Natural gas, Natural gas liquids gas sales, sales from Produced water and Water solutions to Product and service revenues; and |
| • | (Gain) Loss on derivative contracts, net reclassified to Gains (losses) on risk management. |
| (b) | Reflects the elimination of historical related party transactions between the Permian LLCs acquired that would be treated as intercompany transactions on a consolidated basis. |
| (c) | Reflects the harmonization of accounting policies, whereby proceeds from divestiture of properties are deducted from the full cost pool without recognition of a gain or loss. |
| (d) | Reflects the harmonization of accounting policies, whereby Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense is calculated using Ovintiv’s depletion rate calculated under the full cost method of accounting for oil and gas properties based on the preliminary purchase price allocation. |
| (e) | Reflects interest expense, net of capitalized amounts, calculated using a weighted average effective interest rate of 6.0% resulting from the anticipated borrowings under Ovintiv’s senior notes that are expected to be issued and will be used to fund the Permian Acquisition. Interest expense associated with the anticipated senior notes was calculated utilizing expected fixed coupon rates of the respective senior notes. A 0.25 percent change in the assumed interest rate of the notes would increase or decrease the interest expense by $2.0 million for the period ended March 31, 2023 and $7.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. |
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements do not reflect a pro forma adjustment related to the anticipated proceeds and sale of Ovintiv’s Bakken Assets, which is expected to close contemporaneously with the Permian Acquisition in June 2023. Proceeds from the sale of the Bakken Asset are expected to be $825 million, before closing adjustments, and will be used to fund the Permian Acquisition. As a result, the debt financing used to fund the Permian Acquisition is anticipated to be $2.3 billion from the Company’s anticipated senior unsecured note issuances.
| (f) | Reflects the impact of estimated bridge financing, financial advisor, legal and accounting fees that are not capitalized as part of the transaction. Any such charge could affect the future results of the post acquisition company in the period in which such charges are incurred; however, these costs are not expected to be incurred in any period beyond twelve months from the closing date of the transaction. Accordingly, the pro forma statements of the unaudited balance sheet and earnings reflect an estimated accrual for the effects of these nonrecurring charges, which are not included in the historical statements of operations of Ovintiv for the historical periods presented. |
| (g) | Reflects the approximate income tax effects of the pro forma adjustments presented. The tax rate applied to the pro forma adjustments was the statutory federal and apportioned statutory state tax rate, net of the federal benefit of state taxes, applied to pre-tax income. |
| (h) | Reflects Ovintiv’s common stock issued to the Permian LLCs. |
SUPPLEMENTAL PRO FORMA OIL, NATURAL GAS LIQUIDS AND NATURAL GAS RESERVES INFORMATION AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022
The following tables present the estimated pro forma combined net proved developed and undeveloped, oil, natural gas liquids and natural gas reserves as of December 31, 2022, along with a summary of changes in quantities of net remaining proved reserves during the year ended December 31, 2022. The pro forma reserve information set forth below gives effect to the Permian Acquisition as if the transaction had occurred on January 1, 2022. The below does not include the sale of the Bakken Assets, as the divestiture is less than 7 percent of Ovintiv’s historical total U.S. proved reserves.
The following estimates of the net proved oil and natural gas reserves of Ovintiv’s oil and gas properties as of December 31, 2022 are based on evaluations prepared by Ovintiv’s internal qualified reserves evaluators. In 2022, Netherland, Sewell & Associates, Inc. audited 36 percent of Ovintiv’s estimated U.S. proved reserve volumes and McDaniel & Associates Consultants Ltd. audited 26 percent of the Company’s estimated Canadian proved reserve volumes. The following estimates of the net proved oil and natural gas reserves of the Permian LLCs oil and gas properties are as of December 31, 2022 and were prepared as follows: i) PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC - Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc.; ii) Black Swan Permian, LLC and Certain Interests in 1025 Investments, LLC Royalty Interest - Laroche Petroleum Consultants, Ltd.; and iii) Piedra Energy III, LLC and Piedra Energy IV, LLC - Russell K. Hall and Associates, Inc. All reserves information presented herein was prepared in accordance with applicable SEC regulations.
There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities and values of proved reserves and in projecting future rates of production and the amount and timing of development expenditures, including many factors beyond the property owner’s control. The following reserve data represents estimates only and should not be construed as being precise. The assumptions used in preparing these estimates may not be realized, causing the quantities of oil and gas that are ultimately recovered, the timing of the recovery of oil and gas reserves, the production and operating costs incurred and the amount and timing of future development expenditures to vary from the estimates presented herein. Actual production, revenues and expenditures with respect to reserves will vary from estimates and the variances may be material.
These estimates were calculated using the 12-month average of the first day of the month reference prices as adjusted for location and quality differentials. Any significant price changes will have a material effect on the quantity and present value of the reserves. These estimates depend on a number of variable factors and assumptions, including historical production from the area compared with production from other comparable producing areas, the assumed effects of regulations by governmental agencies, assumptions concerning future oil and gas prices, and assumptions concerning future operating costs, transportation costs, severance and excise taxes, development costs and workover and remedial costs.
The following estimated pro forma combined net proved developed and undeveloped oil, natural gas liquids and natural gas reserves is not necessarily indicative of the results that might have occurred had the Permian Acquisition been completed on January 1, 2022 and is not intended to be a projection of future results. As a result, future results may vary significantly from the pro form results reflected herein.
| Oil (MMbbls) (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| As Reported | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Historical Ovintiv U.S. |
Piedra Energy III, LLC |
Piedra Energy IV, LLC |
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC Combined |
Black Swan Combined |
Interests in 1025 Investments, LLC |
Pro Forma Combined U.S. |
Historical Ovintiv Canada |
Pro Forma Combined |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance—December 31, 2021 |
557.5 | 21.3 | — | 46.9 | 19.7 | 0.7 | 646.1 | 1.1 | 647.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revisions and improved recovery |
(65.1 | ) | (2.9 | ) | — | 4.3 | (0.1 | ) | — | (63.8 | ) | (0.3 | ) | (64.1 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Extensions and discoveries |
95.2 | 54.8 | 16.9 | 33.6 | 36.4 | 1.4 | 238.3 | — | 238.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchases of reserves in place |
15.8 | — | — | — | 0.1 | — | 15.9 | — | 15.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sale of reserves in place |
(20.2 | ) | — | — | (0.3 | ) | — | — | (20.5 | ) | (0.6 | ) | (21.1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Production |
(48.0 | ) | (2.9 | ) | — | (4.4 | ) | (2.3 | ) | (0.1 | ) | (57.7 | ) | — | (57.7 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Balance—December 31, 2022 |
535.2 | 70.3 | 16.9 | 80.1 | 53.8 | 2.0 | 758.3 | 0.1 | 758.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Proved developed reserves as of |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2021 |
291.0 | 14.4 | — | 13.0 | 3.3 | 0.1 | 321.8 | 0.7 | 322.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2022 |
257.2 | 16.3 | 9.0 | 36.1 | 14.0 | 0.5 | 333.1 | 0.1 | 333.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proved undeveloped reserves as of |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2021 |
266.6 | 6.9 | — | 33.9 | 16.4 | 0.6 | 324.4 | 0.3 | 324.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2022 |
278.0 | 54.0 | 7.9 | 44.0 | 39.8 | 1.5 | 425.2 | — | 425.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | Numbers may not add due to rounding. |
| Natural Gas Liquids (MMbbls) (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| As Reported | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Historical Ovintiv U.S. |
Piedra Energy III, LLC |
Piedra Energy IV, LLC |
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC Combined |
Black Swan Combined |
Interests in 1025 Investments, LLC |
Pro Forma Combined U.S. |
Historical Ovintiv Canada |
Pro Forma Combined |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance—December 31, 2021 |
434.7 | — | — | 6.3 | 5.9 | 0.2 | 447.1 | 170.0 | 617.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revisions and improved recovery |
2.9 | — | — | 1.4 | (0.8 | ) | — | 3.5 | (36.0 | ) | (32.5 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Extensions and discoveries |
37.2 | — | — | 6.7 | 13.7 | 0.5 | 58.1 | 31.3 | 89.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchases of reserves in place |
13.7 | — | — | — | — | — | 13.7 | 1.7 | 15.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sale of reserves in place |
(0.7 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | (0.7 | ) | (0.6 | ) | (1.3 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Production |
(29.9 | ) | — | — | (0.4 | ) | (0.2 | ) | — | (30.5 | ) | (17.3 | ) | (47.8 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Balance—December 31, 2022 |
457.8 | — | — | 14.0 | 18.6 | 0.7 | 491.1 | 149.0 | 640.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Proved developed reserves as of |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2021 |
264.3 | — | — | 1.5 | 0.5 | — | 266.3 | 84.5 | 350.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2022 |
288.3 | — | — | 5.2 | 3.5 | 0.1 | 297.1 | 71.2 | 368.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proved undeveloped reserves as of |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2021 |
170.5 | — | — | 4.8 | 5.4 | 0.2 | 180.9 | 85.4 | 266.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2022 |
169.5 | — | — | 8.8 | 15.1 | 0.6 | 194.0 | 77.8 | 271.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural Gas (Bcf) (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| As Reported | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Historical Ovintiv U.S. |
Piedra Energy III, LLC |
Piedra Energy IV, LLC |
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC Combined |
Black Swan Combined |
Interests in 1025 Investments, LLC |
Pro Forma Combined U.S. |
Historical Ovintiv Canada |
Pro Forma Combined |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance—December 31, 2021 |
2,536 | 50 | — | 38 | 26 | 1 | 2,651 | 4,033 | 6,684 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revisions and improved recovery |
38 | (25 | ) | — | 3 | (5 | ) | — | 11 | (582 | ) | (571 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Extensions and discoveries |
237 | 121 | 34 | 34 | 56 | 2 | 484 | 1,005 | 1,489 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchases of reserves in place |
72 | — | — | — | — | — | 72 | 16 | 88 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sale of reserves in place |
(5 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | (5 | ) | (16 | ) | (21 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Production |
(180 | ) | (2 | ) | — | (2 | ) | (1 | ) | — | (185 | ) | (366 | ) | (551 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Balance—December 31, 2022 |
2,698 | 144 | 34 | 73 | 76 | 3 | 3,028 | 4,090 | 7,118 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Proved developed reserves as of |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2021 |
1,621 | 32 | — | 9 | 2 | — | 1,664 | 2,490 | 4,154 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2022 |
1,755 | 25 | 17 | 28 | 14 | 1 | 1,840 | 2,276 | 4,116 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proved undeveloped reserves as of |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2021 |
915 | 18 | — | 29 | 24 | 1 | 987 | 1,543 | 2,530 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2022 |
943 | 119 | 17 | 45 | 62 | 2 | 1,188 | 1,814 | 3,002 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | Numbers may not add due to rounding. |
The pro forma standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved oil, natural gas liquids and natural gas reserves as of December 31, 2022 is as follows:
| As Reported | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ millions) | Historical Ovintiv U.S. |
Piedra Energy III, LLC |
Piedra Energy IV, LLC |
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC Combined |
Black Swan Combined |
Interests in 1025 Investments, LLC |
Pro Forma Combined U.S. |
Historical Ovintiv Canada |
Pro Forma Combined |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Future cash inflows |
74,567 | 7,627 | 1,925 | 8,605 | 6,303 | 233 | 99,260 | 29,149 | 128,409 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less future: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Production costs |
17,043 | 1,694 | 430 | 2,136 | 1,308 | 15 | 22,626 | 8,173 | 30,799 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Development costs |
8,951 | 1,131 | 265 | 949 | 935 | — | 12,231 | 2,142 | 14,373 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income taxes |
9,333 | 40 | 10 | 45 | 33 | 1 | 9,462 | 4,182 | 13,644 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Future net cash flows |
39,240 | 4,762 | 1,220 | 5,475 | 4,027 | 217 | 54,941 | 14,652 | 69,593 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less 10% annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows |
20,272 | 2,465 | 536 | 2,426 | 1,827 | 94 | 27,620 | 6,121 | 33,741 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Discounted future net cash flows |
18,968 | 2,297 | 684 | 3,049 | 2,200 | 123 | 27,321 | 8,531 | 35,852 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The changes in the pro forma standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved oil, natural gas liquids and natural gas reserves for the year ended December 31, 2022 are as follows:
| As Reported | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ millions) | Historical Ovintiv U.S. |
Piedra Energy III, LLC |
Piedra Energy IV, LLC |
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC Combined |
Black Swan Combined |
Interests in 1025 Investments, LLC |
Pro Forma Combined U.S. |
Historical Ovintiv Canada |
Pro Forma Combined |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, beginning of year—January 1, 2022 |
14,291 | 642 | — | 1,078 | 461 | 31 | 16,503 | 4,484 | 20,987 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Changes resulting from: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales of oil and gas produced during the year |
(5,007 | ) | (229 | ) | — | (379 | ) | (170 | ) | (8 | ) | (5,793 | ) | (2,333 | ) | (8,126 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Discoveries and extensions, net of related costs |
2,735 | 1,567 | 690 | 1,232 | 1,379 | 84 | 7,687 | 2,635 | 10,322 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchases of proved reserves in place |
661 | — | — | 3 | 1 | — | 665 | 58 | 723 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales and transfers of proved reserves in place |
(278 | ) | — | — | (5 | ) | — | — | (283 | ) | (28 | ) | (311 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net change in prices and production costs |
9,059 | 321 | — | 788 | 384 | 15 | 10,567 | 5,532 | 16,099 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revisions to quantity estimates |
(712 | ) | (186 | ) | — | 227 | (41 | ) | (2 | ) | (714 | ) | (961 | ) | (1,675 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Accretion of discount |
1,630 | 65 | — | 109 | 47 | 3 | 1,854 | 545 | 2,399 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Development costs incurred during the period |
1,475 | 132 | — | 224 | 172 | — | 2,003 | 339 | 2,342 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Changes in estimated future development costs |
(2,965 | ) | — | — | (95 | ) | (15 | ) | — | (3,075 | ) | (303 | ) | (3,378 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other |
(2 | ) | — | — | (118 | ) | (4 | ) | — | (124 | ) | — | (124 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net change in income taxes |
(1,919 | ) | (15 | ) | (6 | ) | (15 | ) | (14 | ) | — | (1,969 | ) | (1,437 | ) | (3,406 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
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| Balance, end of year—December 31, 2022 |
18,968 | 2,297 | 684 | 3,049 | 2,200 | 123 | 27,321 | 8,531 | 35,852 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Exhibit 99.18
CAWLEY, GILLESPIE & ASSOCIATES, INC.
PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS
| 13640 BRIARWICK DRIVE, SUITE 100 | 306 WEST SEVENTH STREET, SUITE 302 | 1000 LOUISIANA STREET, SUITE 1900 | ||
| AUSTIN, TEXAS 78729-1107 | FORT WORTH, TEXAS 76102-4987 | HOUSTON, TEXAS 77002-5008 | ||
| 512-249-7000 | 817- 336-2461 | 713-651-9944 | ||
| www.cgaus.com |
April 5, 2023
Aaron Gutierrez
Managing Partner, EVP Engineering
PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC
6101 W. Courtyard Drive, Building 2, Suite 125
Austin, TX 78730
| Re: | Evaluation Summary – SEC Prices 78% 8/8ths NRI PetroLegacy II, LLC Interests Total Proved Reserves As of December 31, 2022 | |
| Pursuant to the Guidelines of the Securities and Exchange Commission for Reporting Corporate Reserves and Future Net Revenue | ||
Dear Mr. Gutierrez:
As requested by PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC (“Company”), Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc. (“CG&A”) has evaluated the total proved reserves and forecasts of economics at 78% 8/8ths NRI attributable to the combined PetroLegacy II, LLC and Peacemaker Royalties, LP ownership interests in certain oil & gas properties located in Texas. This evaluation utilized an effective date of December 31, 2022, was prepared using constant prices and costs, and conforms to Item 1202(a)(8) of Regulation S-K and other rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). A composite summary of the results of this evaluation are presented in the table below:
| Proved Developed Producing |
Proved Developed Non-Producing |
Proved Undeveloped |
Total Proved |
|||||||||||||||||
| Net Reserves |
||||||||||||||||||||
| Oil |
- Mbbl | 27,487.8 | 8,657.8 | 44,016.8 | 80,162.4 | |||||||||||||||
| Gas |
- MMcf | 19,515.7 | 9,046.4 | 44,893.9 | 73,456.0 | |||||||||||||||
| NGL |
- Mbbl | 3,647.1 | 1,529.1 | 8,781.0 | 13,957.3 | |||||||||||||||
| Net Revenue |
||||||||||||||||||||
| Oil |
- M$ | 2,606,067.2 | 821,178.0 | 4,176,401.4 | 7,603,647.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Gas |
- M$ | 104,094.4 | 47,775.8 | 247,956.5 | 399,826.8 | |||||||||||||||
| NGL |
- M$ | 157,290.6 | 65,886.5 | 378,358.7 | 601,535.8 | |||||||||||||||
| Severance Taxes |
- M$ | 139,483.0 | 46,298.9 | 239,088.1 | 424,869.9 | |||||||||||||||
| Ad Valorem Taxes |
- M$ | 71,686.3 | 23,371.0 | 120,067.9 | 215,125.2 | |||||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses |
- M$ | 306,454.5 | 57,409.7 | 336,738.6 | 700,602.9 | |||||||||||||||
| Workover Expenses |
- M$ | 101,585.1 | 20,552.8 | 116,140.3 | 238,278.2 | |||||||||||||||
| 3rd Party COPAS |
- M$ | 89,595.9 | 9,834.0 | 55,124.3 | 154,554.2 | |||||||||||||||
| Other Deductions |
- M$ | 144,955.2 | 47,131.9 | 210,418.0 | 402,505.1 | |||||||||||||||
| Investments |
- M$ | 41,045.0 | 29,666.5 | 878,576.1 | 949,287.7 | |||||||||||||||
| Net Operating Income (BFIT) |
- M$ | 1,972,647.4 | 700,575.8 | 2,846,563.6 | 5,519,786.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Discounted @ 10% |
- M$ | 1,153,707.0 | 465,595.9 | 1,455,126.8 | 3,074,428.2 | |||||||||||||||
PetroLegacy II, LLC Interests
April 5, 2023
Page 2
Proved Developed (“PD”) reserves are the summation of the Proved Developed Producing and Proved Developed Non-Producing estimates. Proved Developed reserves were estimated at 36,145.6 Mbbl oil, 28,562.0 MMcf gas and 5,176.2 Mbbl NGLs (or 46,082.2 MBOE). Of the Proved Developed reserves, 34,387.5 MBOE are attributed to producing zones in existing wells. The MBO equivalent (MBOE) net reserve calculation is based upon oil and NGL volumes plus gas volumes divided by six (6) MCF/BBL.
Future net revenue is prior to deducting state production taxes and ad valorem taxes. Future net cash flow (Net Operating Income) is after deducting these taxes, future capital costs and operating expenses, but before consideration of federal income taxes. In accordance with SEC guidelines, the future net cash flow has been discounted at an annual rate of ten percent to determine its “present worth”. The present worth is shown to indicate the effect of time on the value of money and should not be construed as being the fair market value of the properties.
The oil reserves include oil and condensate. Oil and natural gas liquid (NGL) volumes are expressed in barrels (42 U.S. gallons). Gas volumes are expressed in thousands of standard cubic feet (Mcf) at contract temperature and pressure base.
Hydrocarbon Pricing
As requested, oil and gas prices were adjusted to the year-end 2022 SEC price deck. The base SEC oil and gas prices calculated for December 31, 2022 were $93.67/bbl and $6.360/MMBTU, respectively. As specified by the SEC, a company must use a 12-month average price, calculated as the unweighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for each month within the 12-month period prior to the end of the reporting period. The base oil price is based upon WTI-Cushing spot prices (EIA) during 2022 and the base gas price is based upon Henry Hub spot prices (Gas Daily) during 2022. Furthermore, the NGL prices averaged approximately 45.4% of oil prices based upon the Total Proved cash flows.
The base prices were adjusted for differentials on a per-property basis, which may include local basis differentials, transportation, gas shrinkage, gas heating value (BTU content) and/or crude quality and gravity corrections. Gas shrinkage was calculated on a per property basis and applied against the gross gas stream. After these adjustments, the net realized prices for the SEC price case over the life of the proved properties was estimated to be $94.854 per barrel for oil, $5.443 per MCF for natural gas and $43.098 per barrel for NGL. All economic factors were held constant in accordance with SEC guidelines.
Expenses, Investments and Taxes
Lease operating expenses (LOE) and workover expenses were calculated on a lease basis with final adjustments provided by the Company. All costs applied in this evaluation were held constant for the life of the properties in accordance with SEC guidelines. Severance tax values were determined by applying normal state severance tax rates. Ad valorem tax rates were forecast as provided at approximately 2.5% of revenue. Operating Expenses noted in the summary table above are fixed LOE costs applied to each well. Other Deductions shown above are variable expenses applied to all wells to capture gas and/or liquids transportation costs plus water disposal costs. All properties include plug and abandonment (P&A) costs, which were scheduled five years after the economic life of the well. Maximum well economic life was modeled at 50 years, but for any wells that had an economic limit beyond 50 years, P&A costs were applied at the end of year 55 in this evaluation.
For the PUD properties, LOE was also scheduled as provided and applied by reservoir. Investment capital information was provided by the Company based upon their recent drilling and completion (D&C) activities in the last year. The D&C costs were applied by lateral length and completion type for all Jo Mill, Spraberry and Wolfcamp locations.
PetroLegacy II, LLC Interests
April 5, 2023
Page 3
SEC Conformance and Reserves Estimation Methods
The reserve classifications and the economic considerations used herein conform to the criteria of the Securities and Exchange Commission guidelines. The reserves and economics are predicated on regulatory agency classifications, rules, policies, laws, taxes and royalties currently in effect except as noted herein. The possible effects of changes in legislation or other Federal or State restrictive actions which could affect the reserves and economics have not been considered. However, we do not anticipate nor are we aware of any legislative changes or restrictive regulatory actions that may impact the recovery of reserves.
Reserves assigned to each producing well (PDP) were based on a combination of forecasting methods including decline curve analysis (DCA), regional type curve analysis and analogy to offset production. Certain new producing properties with very little production history were forecast using a combination of production performance and analogy to similar production, both of which are considered to provide a relatively high degree of accuracy.
CG&A evaluated 284 PDP properties for this report, each with monthly production data through 11/2022 as provided by the Company. CG&A also evaluated 57 PDNP properties, 20 of which are drilled and cased but awaiting final completion as of the report, and 40 of which are non-commercial or shut-in producers. In addition, this report also includes 140 PUD locations, all being commercial drilling locations targeting various reservoirs in the Midland Basin. The Jo Mill reservoir contains eight (8) PUD locations, the Lower Spraberry reservoir contains 56 PUD locations, the Wolfcamp A reservoir contains 55 PUD locations, the Wolfcamp B reservoir contains 15 PUD locations and the Wolfcamp D reservoir contains six (6) PUD locations. All PUD drills were modeled as horizontal wells offsetting production from existing horizontal producers. In general, up to four (4) PUD locations were assigned around a single horizontal producer assuming the Company owned the acreage in all surrounding offset units. This was accomplished by assigning PUD locations on each side of the producer and PUD locations on the “toe” and “heel” of the producer. Non-producing reserve estimates for undeveloped properties were forecast using either volumetric or analogy methods, or a combination of both. These methods provide a relatively high degree of accuracy for predicting PUD reserves for the Company properties, due to the mature nature of their properties targeted for development and an abundance of subsurface control data.
General Discussion
The estimates and forecasts were based upon interpretations of data furnished by the Company and available from our files. To some extent information from public records has been used to check and/or supplement these data. The basic engineering and geological data were subject to third party reservations and qualifications. Nothing has come to our attention, however, that would cause us to believe that we are not justified in relying on such data. All estimates represent our best judgment based on the data available at the time of preparation. The assumptions, data, methods and procedures used herein are appropriate for the purpose served by this report. Due to inherent uncertainties in future production rates, commodity prices and geologic conditions, it should be realized that the reserve estimates, the reserves actually recovered, the revenue derived therefrom and the actual cost incurred could be more or less than the estimated amounts.
An on-site field inspection of the properties has not been performed nor has the mechanical operation or condition of the wells and their related facilities been examined, nor have the wells been tested by Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc. Possible environmental liability related to the properties has not been investigated nor considered. The cost of plugging and the salvage value of equipment at abandonment have been considered in this evaluation as noted previously.
Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc. is a Texas Registered Engineering Firm (F-693), made up of independent registered professional engineers and geologists that have provided petroleum consulting services to the oil and gas industry for over 60 years. This evaluation was supervised by W. Todd Brooker, President at Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc. and a State of Texas Licensed Professional Engineer (License #83462). We do not own an interest in the properties or PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC and are not employed on a contingent basis. We have used all methods and procedures that we consider necessary under the circumstances to prepare this report. Our work papers and related data are available for inspection and review by authorized, interested parties
PetroLegacy II, LLC Interests
April 5, 2023
Page 4
This letter is for the use of PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC. This letter should not be used, circulated, or quoted for any other purpose without the express written consent of Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc. or except as required by law. This report supersedes the report published by CG&A for PetroLegacy Energy II, LLC on March 17, 2023.
| Yours very truly, |
||
|
| ||
| W. Todd Brooker, P.E. | ||
| President | ||
| CAWLEY, GILLESPIE & ASSOCIATES, INC. | ||
| TEXAS REGISTERED ENGINEERING FIRM F-693 | ||
Exhibit 99.19
| Russell K. Hall and Associates, Inc. 303 West Wall Street ● Suite 1102 P. O. Box 80925 ● Midland, Texas 79708-0925 (432) 683-6622 |
March 28, 2023
Mr. Brendan Tippen
Piedra Energy III, LLC
400 W. Illinois Ste 1070
Midland, Texas 79701
PIEDRA ENERGY III, LLC
SUMMARY
At the request of Piedra Energy III, LLC, Russell K. Hall and Associates has prepared an engineering evaluation of the proved reserves and future production to Piedra Energy III, LLC’s interests of properties located in the Permian Basin. This evaluation is effective January 1, 2023 and was completed by February 1, 2023. The evaluation follows the guidelines of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) contained in Title 17, Code of Federal Regulations, Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting, Final Rule released January 14, 2009 in the Federal Register (SEC regulations). The following tables summarize net reserves and economics effective January 1, 2023. The properties reviewed by Russell K. Hall and Associates represent 100 percent of Piedra Energy III, LLC’s total net proved liquid hydrocarbon and gas reserves as of January 1, 2023.
| Piedra Energy III, LLC Proved Net Reserves and Revenues SEC YE 2022 Pricing $90.16 per bbl, $5.39 per MMbtu Effective January 1, 2023 |
||||||||||||||||
| Proved Developed Producing |
Proved Developed Non-Producing |
Proved Undeveloped |
Total Proved |
|||||||||||||
| Reserves (Net) |
||||||||||||||||
| Oil (bbl) |
16,281,011 | 0 | 54,063,069 | 70,344,080 | ||||||||||||
| Gas (Mcf) |
25,147,829 | 0 | 119,151,199 | 144,299,028 | ||||||||||||
| Revenue ($) |
1,774,846,581 | 0 | 5,852,518,272 | 7,627,364,853 | ||||||||||||
| Expenses ($) |
439,942,483 | 0 | 1,254,396,050 | 1,694,338,533 | ||||||||||||
| Investments ($) |
11,754,685 | 154,000 | 1,119,303,632 | 1,131,212,317 | ||||||||||||
| Future Net Income ($) |
|
|||||||||||||||
| Undiscounted |
1,323,149,414 | -154,000 | 3,478,818,590 | 4,801,814,004 | ||||||||||||
| Discounted (10%) |
792,132,239 | -154,000 | 1,524,652,957 | 2,316,631,196 | ||||||||||||
Mr. Brendan Tippen
March 28, 2023
Page No. 2
The SEC year-end 2022 prices are $90.16 per barrel and $5.39 per MMbtu. The SEC hydrocarbon benchmark prices in effect on January 1, 2023 were calculated using the 12-month average first-day-of-the-month prices appropriate to the geographic area where the hydrocarbons are sold. The effect of derivative instruments (price hedges of oil and gas) is not included herein.
For this evaluation, adjustments were made to oil prices to reflect historical differences between actual prices received and posted prices. Volumes are presented in a two-stream analysis with gas prices adjusted to include the value of NGL sales.
Reserves volumes and associated income are a function of hydrocarbon prices actually received; therefore, reserves actually recovered and income actually received may differ significantly from the estimated quantities presented in this report if future prices differ from the SEC prices assumed herein.
In this evaluation, lease operating expenses (LOEs) rely on individual well historical expense data from July 2021 through June 2022. Expenses are grouped into fixed costs and variable costs. Fixed costs are expected to drop significantly as wells transition from ESP to beam pump. For this evaluation, fixed costs are held constant for the first 4 years of production then drop to $10,000 per month after converting to beam pump.
Reserves are “estimated remaining quantities of oil and gas and related substances anticipated to be economically producible, as of a given date, by application of development projects to known accumulations.” Reserve estimates involve an assessment of the uncertainty relating the likelihood that the actual remaining quantities recovered will be greater or less than the estimated quantities determined at the effective date of the evaluation. Reserve categorization conveys relative uncertainty. Furthermore, reserve uncertainty can be expressed by placing reserves into one of two principal categories, proved or unproved. Unproved reserves are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves and may be further sub-categorized as probable and possible reserves to denote increasing uncertainty in their recoverability.
Forecasts of future production rely on decline curve analysis (DCA) for wells with sufficient production. If a production decline trend is not yet established, future production volumes are based on analogy with offset
Piedra Energy III, LLC
Mr. Brendan Tippen
March 28, 2023
Page No. 3
wells producing from the same reservoir. Forecasts for undrilled locations are based on analogy with wells producing from the same interval. For this analysis, data from offset horizontal wells was normalized for lateral length. Reserves for undrilled locations are adjusted for variations in proposed lateral length.
Capital costs needed for ongoing operations and well development are based on authorizations for expenditures as determined by Piedra Energy III, LLC. Abandonment costs are Piedra’s estimates as determined from recent operations. The P&A costs are net of salvage proceeds and are unescalated.
Future production rates from wells, both producing and not yet producing, may be more or less than estimated because of changes including, but not limited to, reservoir performance, operating conditions related to surface facilities, compression and artificial lift, and pipeline capacity. Government policies, regulations, curtailment, and the uncertainty of supply and demand may vary from assumptions made for the reserve estimates contained herein.
In our opinion the assumptions, data, methods, and procedures used in the preparation of this report are appropriate for filing purposes with the SEC.
Russell K. Hall and Associates is an independent petroleum engineering consulting firm and has been providing consulting services to the oil and gas industry since 1996. We do not serve as officers or directors of publicly-traded or privately-owned oil and gas companies and have no financial interests in the properties evaluated herein.
Piedra Energy III, LLC
Mr. Brendan Tippen
March 28, 2023
Page No. 4
I appreciate the opportunity to provide Piedra Energy III, LLC with this engineering evaluation. All engineering estimates were prepared in accordance with generally accepted engineering practices. In general, production data was from public and proprietary sources and were not independently verified by us. Please call if you have any questions.
This evaluation and the documents associated herein are the property of Russell K. Hall and Associates, Inc. and are provided exclusively for the internal use of Piedra Energy III, LLC. No part of this report may be distributed without the prior written consent of Russell K. Hall and Associates, Inc.
Sincerely,
| Russell K. Hall |
| Texas P. E. no. 69926 |
| Russell K. Hall and Associates, Inc. |
| Registration no. F-002199 |
Piedra Energy III, LLC
Exhibit 99.20
| Russell K. Hall and Associates, Inc. 303 West Wall Street ● Suite 1102 P. O. Box 80925 ● Midland, Texas 79708-0925 (432) 683-6622 |
March 28, 2023
Mr. Brendan Tippen
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
400 W. Illinois Ste 1070
Midland, Texas 79701
PIEDRA ENERGY IV, LLC
SUMMARY
At the request of Piedra Energy IV, LLC, Russell K. Hall and Associates has prepared an engineering evaluation of the proved reserves and future production to Piedra Energy IV, LLC’s interests of properties located in the Permian Basin. This evaluation is effective January 1, 2023 and was completed by February 1, 2023. The evaluation follows the guidelines of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) contained in Title 17, Code of Federal Regulations, Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting, Final Rule released January 14, 2009 in the Federal Register (SEC regulations). The following tables summarize net reserves and economics effective January 1, 2023. The properties reviewed by Russell K. Hall and Associates represent 100 percent of Piedra Energy IV, LLC’s total net proved liquid hydrocarbon and gas reserves as of January 1, 2023.
| Piedra Energy IV, LLC Proved Net Reserves and Revenues SEC YE 2022 Pricing $90.16 per bbl, $5.39 per MMbtu Effective January 1, 2023 |
||||||||||||||||
| Proved Developed Producing |
Proved Developed Behind Pipe |
Proved Undeveloped |
Total Proved |
|||||||||||||
| Reserves (Net) |
||||||||||||||||
| Oil (bbl) |
1,279,321 | 7,731,816 | 7,940,240 | 16,951,376 | ||||||||||||
| Gas (Mcf) |
1,763,818 | 15,413,234 | 16,638,300 | 33,815,352 | ||||||||||||
| Revenue ($) |
137,600,498 | 878,217,625 | 909,828,841 | 1,925,646,964 | ||||||||||||
| Expenses ($) |
26,647,432 | 214,327,555 | 188,561,072 | 429,536,059 | ||||||||||||
| Investments ($) |
184,800 | 101,627,073 | 163,460,384 | 265,272,257 | ||||||||||||
| Future Net Income ($) |
||||||||||||||||
| Undiscounted |
110,768,266 | 562,262,998 | 557,807,385 | 1,230,838,648 | ||||||||||||
| Discounted (10%) |
73,547,337 | 341,568,828 | 274,886,184 | 690,002,349 | ||||||||||||
Mr. Brendan Tippen
March 28, 2023
Page No. 2
The SEC year-end 2022 prices are $90.16 per barrel and $5.39 per MMbtu. The SEC hydrocarbon benchmark prices in effect on January 1, 2023 were calculated using the 12-month average first-day-of-the-month prices appropriate to the geographic area where the hydrocarbons are sold. The effect of derivative instruments (price hedges of oil and gas) is not included herein.
For this evaluation, adjustments were made to oil prices to reflect historical differences between actual prices received and posted prices. Volumes are presented in a two-stream analysis with gas prices adjusted to include the value of NGL sales.
Reserves volumes and associated income are a function of hydrocarbon prices actually received; therefore, reserves actually recovered and income actually received may differ significantly from the estimated quantities presented in this report if future prices differ from the SEC prices assumed herein.
All of the producing wells in this evaluation are recent completions without meaningful historical LOE data. Operating expenses are based on our analysis of costs for operated wells in Piedra Energy III, LLC. In that evaluation, lease operating expenses (LOEs) used historical expense data from July 2021 through June 2022. Fixed costs are $18,000 per month for the first three years of production then drop to $10,000 per month once wells transition from ESP to beam pump.
Reserves are “estimated remaining quantities of oil and gas and related substances anticipated to be economically producible, as of a given date, by application of development projects to known accumulations.” Reserve estimates involve an assessment of the uncertainty relating the likelihood that the actual remaining quantities recovered will be greater or less than the estimated quantities determined at the effective date of the evaluation. Reserve categorization conveys relative uncertainty. Furthermore, reserve uncertainty can be expressed by placing reserves into one of two principal categories, proved or unproved. Unproved reserves are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves and may be further sub-categorized as probable and possible reserves to denote increasing uncertainty in their recoverability.
All of the evaluated properties produce in the Spraberry (Trend Area) Field. The evaluation includes three Middle Spraberry and three Lower Spraberry horizontal wells which were all completed in the past two months. The wells
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Mr. Brendan Tippen
March 28, 2023
Page No. 3
are cleaning-up and do not have historical performance which can be projected. Forecasts for wells are based on analogy with Piedra operated offsets in the corresponding formation. On average, the Middle Spraberry wells will recover 47,800 barrels per 1,000 ft of perforated interval. The Lower Spraberry EUR is significantly higher at 76,400 barrels per 1,000 ft of perforations.
Forecasts for undrilled locations are based on analogy with wells producing from the same interval. Forecasts for the Wolfcamp B PUDs are based on recently completed offsets with large fracs. On average, these wells will recover 54,500 barrels per 1,000 ft of perforated interval.
Piedra plans to drill a western extension of their Andrews County horizontal wells. Some of the wells are far enough removed to cause reserve uncertainty. Volumes for these wells are classified as Probable Reserves.
Capital costs needed for ongoing operations and well development are based on authorizations for expenditures as determined by Piedra Energy IV, LLC. Abandonment costs are Piedra’s estimates as determined from recent operations. The P&A costs are net of salvage proceeds and are unescalated.
Future production rates from wells, both producing and not yet producing, may be more or less than estimated because of changes including, but not limited to, reservoir performance, operating conditions related to surface facilities, compression and artificial lift, and pipeline capacity. Government policies, regulations, curtailment, and the uncertainty of supply and demand may vary from assumptions made for the reserve estimates contained herein.
In our opinion the assumptions, data, methods, and procedures used in the preparation of this report are appropriate for filing purposes with the SEC.
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Mr. Brendan Tippen
March 28, 2023
Page No. 4
I appreciate the opportunity to provide Piedra Energy IV, LLC with this engineering evaluation. All engineering estimates were prepared in accordance with generally accepted engineering practices. In general, production data was from public and proprietary sources and were not independently verified by us. Please call if you have any questions.
This evaluation and the documents associated herein are the property of Russell K. Hall and Associates, Inc. and are provided exclusively for the internal use of Piedra Energy IV, LLC. No part of this report may be distributed without the prior written consent of Russell K. Hall and Associates, Inc.
Sincerely,
| Russell K. Hall |
| Texas P. E. no. 69926 |
| Russell K. Hall and Associates, Inc. |
| Registration no. F-002199 |
Piedra Energy IV, LLC
Exhibit 99.21
March 20, 2023
Payton Gannaway
Black Swan Oil & Gas
2513 S. Kelly Ave, Suite 200
Edmond, OK 73013
Dear Mr. Gannaway:
At your request, LaRoche Petroleum Consultants, Ltd. (LPC) has estimated the proved reserves and future cash flow, as of December 31, 2022, to the combined Black Swan Permian, LLC and certain interests in 1025 Investments, LLC (Black Swan) in certain properties located in Texas. As requested, this report has been prepared using constant price and constant cost parameters as set forth in subsequent paragraphs of this letter.
Summarized below are LPC’s estimates of net reserves and future net cash flow. Future net cash flow is after deducting estimated production and ad valorem taxes, operating expenses, and future capital expenditures but before consideration of federal income taxes. The discounted cash flow values included in this report are intended to represent the time value of money and should not be construed to represent an estimate of fair market value. We estimate the net reserves and future net cash flow to the Black Swan working interest, as of December 31, 2022, to be:
| Net Reserves | Future Net Cash Flow ($) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Category |
Oil (barrels) |
NGL (barrels) |
Gas (Mcf) |
Total | Present Worth at 10% |
|||||||||||||||
| Proved Developed Producing |
14,522,757 | 3,587,869 | 14,686,090 | $ | 1,184,689,536 | $ | 772,669,952 | |||||||||||||
| Proved Undeveloped |
41,313,908 | 15,720,634 | 64,494,912 | 3,094,039,552 | 1,570,039,680 | |||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||
| Total Proved(1) |
55,836,665 | 19,308,503 | 79,181,002 | $ | 4,278,729,088 | $ | 2,342,709,632 | |||||||||||||
| (1) | The total proved values above may or may not match those values on the total proved summary page that follows this letter due to rounding by the economics program. |
The oil reserves include crude oil and condensate. Oil and natural gas liquids (NGL) reserves are expressed in barrels which are equivalent to 42 United States gallons. Gas volumes are expressed in thousands of standard cubic feet (Mcf) at the contract temperature and pressure bases.
The estimated reserves and future cash flow shown in this report are for proved developed producing reserves and, for certain properties, proved undeveloped reserves. No study was made to determine whether proved developed non-producing reserves might be established for these properties. This report does not include any value that could be attributed to interests in undeveloped acreage beyond those tracts for which undeveloped reserves have been estimated. Definitions of all reserve categories used in this report are presented immediately following this letter.
This report includes summary economic projections of reserves and cash flow for each reserve category.
LPC’s estimates of reserves were prepared using standard geological and engineering methods generally accepted by the petroleum industry. The reserves in this report have been estimated using deterministic methods. The method or combination of methods utilized in the evaluation of each reservoir included consideration of the stage of development of the reservoir, quality and completeness
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of basic data, and production history. Recovery from various reservoirs and leases was estimated after consideration of the type of energy inherent in the reservoirs, the structural positions of the properties, and reservoir and well performance. In some instances, comparisons were made to similar properties for which more complete data were available. We have excluded from our consideration all matters as to which the controlling interpretation may be legal or accounting rather than engineering or geoscience.
Benchmark prices used in this report are based on the twelve-month, unweighted arithmetic average of the first day of the month price for the period January 2022 through December 2022. Gas prices are referenced to a Henry Hub price of $6.36 per MMBtu, as posted by Platts Gas Daily, and are adjusted for energy content, transportation fees, and regional price differentials. Oil and NGL prices are referenced to a Cushing West Texas Intermediate crude oil price of $93.67 per barrel and are adjusted for gravity, crude quality, transportation fees, and regional price differentials. All wellhead differentials were specified by Black Swan and were accepted as presented without verification. These reference prices are held constant for the life of the properties.
Lease and well operating expenses are based on data obtained from Black Swan. As requested, expenses for the properties operated by Black Swan include only direct lease and field level costs. For properties operated by others, these expenses include the per-well overhead costs allowed under joint operating agreements along with direct lease and field level costs. Headquarters general and administrative overhead expenses of Black Swan are not included. Operating expenses are held constant throughout the life of the properties.
Capital costs and timing of all investments have been provided by Black Swan and are included as required for workovers, new development wells, and production equipment. These costs are held constant.
LPC made no investigation of possible gas volume and value imbalances that may have been the result of overdelivery or underdelivery to the Black Swan interest. Our projections are based on Black Swan receiving its net revenue interest share of estimated future gross oil and gas, and NGL production.
Technical information necessary for the preparation of the reserve estimates herein was furnished by Black Swan or was obtained from state regulatory agencies and commercially available data sources. No special tests were obtained to assist in the preparation of this report. For the purpose of this report, the individual well test and production data as reported by the above sources were accepted as represented together with all other factual data presented by Black Swan including the extent and character of the interest evaluated.
An on-site inspection of the properties has not been performed nor has the mechanical operation or condition of the wells and their related facilities been examined by LPC. Abandonment expenses net of salvage are included in this evaluation. These expenses are delayed eight years from the end of the economic life of the well. The costs associated with the continued operation of uneconomic properties are not reflected in the cash flows.
The evaluation of potential environmental liability from the operation and abandonment of the properties is beyond the scope of this report. In addition, no evaluation was made to determine the degree of operator compliance with current environmental rules, regulations, and reporting requirements. Therefore, no estimate of the potential economic liability, if any, from environmental concerns is included in the projections presented herein.
The reserves included in this report are estimates only and should not be construed as exact quantities. They may or may not be recovered; if recovered, the revenues therefrom and the costs related thereto could be more or less than the estimated amounts. These estimates should be accepted with the understanding that future development, production history, changes in regulations, product prices, and operating expenses would probably cause us to make revisions in subsequent evaluations. A portion of these reserves are for undeveloped locations and producing wells that lack sufficient production history to utilize performance-related reserve estimates. Therefore, these reserves are based on estimates of reservoir volumes and recovery efficiencies along with analogies to similar production. These reserve
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estimates are subject to a greater degree of uncertainty than those based on substantial production and pressure data. It may be necessary to revise these estimates up or down in the future as additional performance data become available. As in all aspects of oil and gas evaluation, there are uncertainties inherent in the interpretation of engineering and geological data; therefore, our conclusions represent informed professional judgments only, not statements of fact.
We have provided Black Swan with a digital version of the original signed copy of this report letter. In the event there are any differences between the digital version included in filings made by Black Swan and the original signed report letter, the original signed report letter shall control and supersede the digital version.
This report is solely for the use of Black Swan Permian, LLC, its agents, and its representatives in their evaluation of these properties and is not to be used, circulated, quoted, or otherwise referenced for any other purpose without the express written consent of the undersigned. Persons other than those to whom this report is addressed shall not be entitled to rely upon the report unless it is accompanied by such consent.
We are independent petroleum engineers, geologists, and geophysicists; we do not own an interest in these properties and are not employed on a contingent basis. Data pertinent to this report are maintained on file in our office.
| Very truly yours, |
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| LaRoche Petroleum Consultants, Ltd. |
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| State of Texas Registration Number F-1360 |
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| By LPC, Inc. General Partner |
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| Denise L. Delozier |
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| Senior Reservoir Engineer |
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| Joe A. Young, Vice President | ||||
| Licensed Professional Engineer | ||||
| State of Texas No. 62866 | ||||
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Please be advised that the digital document you are viewing is provided by LaRoche Petroleum Consultants, Ltd. (LPC) as a convenience to our clients. The digital document is intended to be substantively the same as the original signed document maintained by LPC. The digital document is subject to the parameters, limitations, and conditions stated in the original document. In the event of any differences between the digital document and the original document, the original document shall control and supersede the digital document.
LaRoche Petroleum Consultants, Ltd.