Exhibit 99.1
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
Unaudited
– Prepared by Management
RESPONSIBILITY FOR CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
The
accompanying condensed interim consolidated financial statements of
Silver Elephant Mining Corp. and all information in this financial
report are the responsibility of the Board of Directors and
Management. The condensed interim consolidated financial statements
have been prepared in accordance with International Financial
Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the
International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”), including International
Accounting Standard (“IAS”) 34 – Interim Financial
Reporting and, where appropriate, include management’s best
estimates and judgments. Management maintains a system of internal
control designed to provide reasonable assurance that assets are
safeguarded from loss or unauthorized use, and that financial
information is timely and reliable. However, any system of internal
control over financial reporting, no matter how well designed and
implemented, has inherent limitations and may not prevent or detect
all misstatements. The Board of Directors is responsible for
ensuring that management fulfills its responsibilities for
financial reporting and is ultimately responsible for reviewing and
approving the condensed interim consolidated financial statements.
The Board of Directors carries out this responsibility principally
through its Audit Committee. The Board of Directors appoints the
Audit Committee, and all of its members are independent directors.
The Audit Committee meets periodically with Management and the
auditors to review internal controls, audit results, accounting
principles and related matters. The Board of Directors approves the
condensed interim consolidated financial statements on
recommendation from the Audit Committee.
|
"John Lee"
|
|
“Irina Plavutska”
|
|
John Lee, Chief Executive Officer
|
|
Irina Plavutska, Chief Financial Officer
|
November
15, 2021
TABLE OF CONTENTS
|
SILVER
ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
|
2
|
|
Condensed Interim
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
|
5
|
|
Condensed Interim
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Gain
(Loss)
|
6
|
|
Condensed Interim
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
|
7
|
|
Condensed Interim
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
|
8
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
DESCRIPTION
OF BUSINESS AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS
|
9
|
|
2
|
BASIS
OF PRESENTATION
|
9
|
|
3
|
PLAN
OF ARRANGEMENT
|
10
|
|
4
|
SEGMENTED
INFORMATION
|
11
|
|
5
|
CASH
AND RESTRICTED CASH EQUIVALENTS
|
12
|
|
6
|
MARKETABLE
SECURITIES
|
12
|
|
7
|
RIGHT-OF-USE
ASSET
|
13
|
|
8
|
EQUIPMENT
|
13
|
|
9
|
MINERAL
PROPERTIES
|
15
|
|
10
|
ACCOUNTS
PAYABLE AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES
|
19
|
|
11
|
LEASE
LIABILITY
|
20
|
|
12
|
SHARE
CAPITAL
|
20
|
|
13
|
CAPITAL
RISK MANAGEMENT
|
24
|
|
14
|
FAIR
VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
|
24
|
|
15
|
FINANCIAL
RISK MANAGEMENT DISCLOSURES
|
25
|
|
16
|
RELATED
PARTY DISCLOSURES
|
27
|
|
17
|
KEY
MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL COMPENSATION
|
27
|
|
18
|
SUPPLEMENTAL
CASH FLOW INFORMATION
|
28
|
|
19
|
CONTINGENCIES
|
28
|
|
20
|
EVENTS
AFTER THE REPORTING DATE
|
28
|
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Condensed
Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
(Expressed
in Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
|
As
at
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
|
5
|
$401,579
|
$7,608,149
|
|
Receivables
|
|
80,402
|
75,765
|
|
Prepaid
expenses
|
|
172,165
|
114,717
|
|
|
|
654,146
|
7,798,631
|
|
Non-current assets
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted
cash equivalents
|
5
|
34,500
|
34,500
|
|
Reclamation
deposits
|
|
21,055
|
21,055
|
|
Right-of-use
asset
|
7
|
-
|
18,430
|
|
Equipment
|
8
|
116,171
|
153,800
|
|
Mineral
properties
|
9
|
52,790,217
|
31,806,594
|
|
|
|
$53,616,089
|
$39,833,010
|
|
Liabilities and Equity
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts
payable and accrued liabilities
|
10
|
$2,306,790
|
$1,759,163
|
|
Lease
liability
|
11
|
-
|
20,533
|
|
|
|
2,306,790
|
1,779,696
|
|
Non-current liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
Provision
for closure and reclamation
|
|
695,257
|
695,257
|
|
|
|
3,002,047
|
2,474,953
|
|
Equity
|
|
|
|
|
Share
capital
|
12
|
210,642,879
|
197,612,182
|
|
Shares
issuable
|
12
|
1,514,603
|
-
|
|
Reserves
|
12
|
25,948,954
|
24,852,022
|
|
Deficit
|
|
(187,492,394)
|
(185,106,147)
|
|
|
|
50,614,042
|
37,358,057
|
|
|
|
$53,616,089
|
$39,833,010
|
Contingencies (Note
19)
Events
after the reporting date (Note 20)
The
accompanying notes form an integral part of these unaudited
condensed interim consolidated financial statements.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Condensed Interim Consolidated
Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Gain (Loss)
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
|
|
|
Three Months Ended September 30,
|
Nine Month Ended September 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General and Administrative Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Advertising
and promotion
|
|
$116,710
|
$273,976
|
$447,312
|
$356,854
|
|
Consulting
and management fees
|
16
|
78,977
|
52,500
|
567,673
|
492,500
|
|
Depreciation
and accretion
|
|
3,548
|
10,182
|
21,194
|
31,199
|
|
Director
fees
|
16
|
27,600
|
21,500
|
98,801
|
84,900
|
|
Insurance
|
|
21,046
|
24,871
|
66,259
|
74,287
|
|
Office
and administration
|
|
44,049
|
34,075
|
90,384
|
104,875
|
|
Professional
fees
|
|
82,508
|
50,350
|
264,761
|
218,347
|
|
Salaries
and benefits
|
16
|
96,590
|
109,204
|
405,806
|
421,573
|
|
Share-based
payments
|
12
|
96,132
|
251,368
|
340,473
|
594,393
|
|
Stock
exchange and shareholder services
|
|
32,256
|
20,053
|
122,228
|
122,510
|
|
Travel
and accommodation
|
|
913
|
5,253
|
6,716
|
82,766
|
|
|
|
(600,329)
|
(853,332)
|
(2,431,607)
|
(2,584,204)
|
|
Other Items
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Costs
in excess of recovered coal
|
|
(55,428)
|
(121,414)
|
(162,375)
|
(256,819)
|
|
Foreign
exchange gain/(loss)
|
|
163,958
|
(62,586)
|
428,556
|
473,797
|
|
Loss
on sale of marketable securities
|
6
|
(220,821)
|
-
|
(220,821)
|
-
|
|
|
|
(112,291)
|
(184,000)
|
45,360
|
216,978
|
|
Net Loss for Period
|
|
(712,620)
|
(1,037,332)
|
(2,386,247)
|
(2,367,226)
|
|
Fair
value loss on marketable securities
|
|
(1,000,000)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Comprehensive Loss for Period
|
|
$(1,712,620)
|
$(1,037,332)
|
$(2,386,247)
|
$(2,367,226)
|
|
Loss Per Common Share
|
|
$(0.01)
|
$(0.01)
|
$(0.01)
|
$(0.02)
|
|
Weighted Average Number
of Common Shares Outstanding
|
210,840752
|
135,641,900
|
202,510,010
|
132,643,496
|
The
accompanying notes form an integral part of these unaudited interim
consolidated financial statements.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Condensed Interim Consolidated
Statements of Changes in Equity
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars, except number of shares) (Unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Equity
(Deficiency)
|
|
Balance, December 31, 2019
|
121,299,508
|
$181,129,012
|
$-
|
$24,058,336
|
$(180,479,260)
|
$24,708,088
|
|
Private
placements, net of share issue costs
|
15,200,000
|
1,976,000
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
1,976,000
|
|
Share
issue costs
|
-
|
(3,250)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(3,250)
|
|
Finders
units
|
156,900
|
(24,000)
|
-
|
24,000
|
-
|
-
|
|
Bonus
shares
|
1,601,000
|
640,400
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
640,400
|
|
Exercise
of stock options
|
758,750
|
358,913
|
-
|
(173,474)
|
-
|
185,439
|
|
Exercise
of warrants
|
9,596,990
|
2,170,217
|
|
-
|
-
|
2,170,217
|
|
Shares
issued for property acquisition
|
4,000,000
|
2,000,000
|
|
-
|
-
|
2,000,000
|
|
Share-based
payments
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
713,637
|
-
|
713,637
|
|
Loss
for period
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(2,367,226)
|
(2,367,226)
|
|
Balance, September 30, 2020
|
152,613,148
|
$188,247,292
|
$-
|
$24,622,499
|
$(182,846,486)
|
$30,023,305
|
|
Balance, December 31, 2020
|
180,518,828
|
$197,612,182
|
$-
|
$24,852,022
|
$(185,106,147)
|
$37,358,057
|
|
Private
placements, net of share issue costs
|
14,173,633
|
4,506,603
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
4,506,603
|
|
Broker
warrants
|
-
|
(22,559)
|
-
|
22,559
|
-
|
-
|
|
Shares
issued for property acquisition
|
15,445,132
|
4,910,215
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
4,910,215
|
|
Shares
issuable for property acquisition
|
-
|
-
|
1,294,603
|
-
|
-
|
1,294,603
|
|
Shares
issuable in private placement
|
-
|
-
|
220,000
|
-
|
-
|
220,000
|
|
Exercise
of stock options
|
995,000
|
386,507
|
-
|
(179,683)
|
-
|
206,824
|
|
Exercise
of warrants
|
12,600,080
|
3,249,931
|
-
|
(9,600)
|
-
|
3,240,331
|
|
Warrants
issued for property acquisition
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
723,845
|
-
|
723,845
|
|
Share-based
payments
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
539,811
|
-
|
539,811
|
|
Loss
for period
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(2,386,247)
|
(2,386,247)
|
|
Balance, September 30, 2021
|
223,732,673
|
$210,642,879
|
$1,514,603
|
$25,948,954
|
$(187,492,394)
|
$50,614,042
|
The
accompanying notes form an integral part of these unaudited interim
consolidated financial statements.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Condensed Interim Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
|
|
Nine Months Ended September 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating Activities
|
|
|
|
Net
loss for period
|
$(2,386,247)
|
$(2,367,226)
|
|
Adjustments
to reconcile net loss to net cash flows:
|
|
|
|
Depreciation
and accretion
|
21,194
|
31,199
|
|
Loss
on sale of marketable securities
|
220,821
|
-
|
|
Share-based
payments
|
340,472
|
594,393
|
|
Share
compensation for services
|
660,000
|
720,900
|
|
|
(1,143,760)
|
(1,020,734)
|
|
Changes
to working capital items
|
|
|
|
Receivables
|
(4,638)
|
(144,075)
|
|
Prepaid
expenses and reclamation deposits
|
(57,448)
|
32,791
|
|
Accounts
payable and accrued liabilities
|
685,165
|
(589,537)
|
|
|
623,079
|
(700,821)
|
|
Cash Used in Operating Activities
|
(520,681)
|
(1,721,555)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investing Activities
|
|
|
|
Sale
of equipment
|
-
|
19,704
|
|
Mineral
property acquisition
|
(8,892,969)
|
-
|
|
Mineral
property expenditures
|
(4,842,918)
|
(4,516,243)
|
|
Purchase
of marketable securities
|
(1,000,000)
|
-
|
|
Sale
of marketable securities
|
779,179
|
-
|
|
Cash Used in Investing Activities
|
(13,956,708)
|
(4,496,539)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financing Activities
|
|
|
|
Proceeds
from share issuance, net of share issue costs
|
4,326,920
|
1,927,250
|
|
Proceeds
from exercise of stock options
|
376,907
|
185,439
|
|
Proceeds
from exercise of warrants
|
2,589,931
|
2,135,217
|
|
Lease
payments
|
(22,939)
|
(27,773)
|
|
Cash Provided by Financing Activities
|
7,270,819
|
4,220,133
|
|
Net
decrease in cash
|
(7,206,570)
|
(1,997,961)
|
|
Cash
- beginning of period
|
7,608,149
|
3,017,704
|
|
Cash
- end of period
|
$401,579
|
$1,019,743
|
Supplemental
cash flow information (Note 18)
The
accompanying notes form an integral part of these unaudited interim
consolidated financial statements.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
1.
DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND
NATURE OF OPERATIONS
Silver
Elephant Mining Corp. (the “Company” or “ELEF”) is incorporated under the
laws of the province of British Columbia, Canada. The common shares without par value
in the capital of the Company (the
“Common
Shares”) are listed for
trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange (the
“TSX”) under the symbol “ELEF” and
on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange under the symbol
“1P2N” and are quoted on the OTCQX® Best Market under the
symbol “SILEF”.
The
Company is a mineral exploration stage company. The Company's
principal projects are the Pulacayo Paca silver-lead-zinc property
in Bolivia (the "Pulacayo
Project") and the Gibellini vanadium project in the State of
Nevada, USA (the "Gibellini
Project"). The Company also owns or holds 100% interests in
each of the following projects: (a) the Sunawayo silver-lead mining
project in Bolivia (the "Sunawayo
Project"), (b) the El Triunfo gold-silver-lead-zinc project
in Bolivia (“the Triunfo
Project”), (c) the Minago nickel project in Manitoba,
Canada (the "Minago
Project"), (d) the Titan vanadium-titanium-iron project
located in Ontario, Canada, (e) the Ulaan Ovoo coal project located
in Mongolia, and (f) the Chandgana Khavtgai and Tal coal projects,
located in Mongolia.
The
Company maintains its registered and records office at Suite 1610
– 409 Granville Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada,
V6C 1T2.
These
condensed interim consolidated financial statements have been
prepared under the assumption that the Company is a going concern,
which contemplates the realization of assets and the payment of
liabilities in the ordinary course of business. As at September 30,
2021, Company has a deficit of $187.5 million.
The
business of mineral exploration involves a high degree of risk and
there can be no assurance that the Company’s current
operations, including exploration programs, will result in
profitable mining operations. The recoverability of the carrying
value of mineral properties, and property and equipment interests
and the Company’s continued existence is dependent upon the
preservation of its interest in the underlying properties, the
discovery of economically recoverable reserves, the achievement of
profitable operations, the ability of the Company to raise
additional sources of funding, and/or, alternatively, upon the
Company’s ability to dispose of some or all of its interests
on an advantageous basis. These conditions may cast significant
doubt upon the Company’s ability to continue as a going
concern.
In
assessing whether the going concern assumption is appropriate,
management takes into account all available information about the
future, which is at least, but not limited to, twelve months from
the end of the reporting period. Management is aware, in making its
assessment, of uncertainties related to events or conditions that
may cast significant doubt upon the entity’s ability to
continue as a going concern that these uncertainties are material
and, therefore, that it may be unable to realize its assets and
discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business.
Accordingly, they do not give effect to adjustments that would be
necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going
concern and therefore to realize its assets and discharge its
liabilities and commitments in other than the normal course of
business and at amounts different from those in the accompanying
financial statements. These adjustments could be
material.
(a)
Statement of
compliance
These unaudited condensed interim consolidated
financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IAS 34,
Interim Financial Reporting. They do not include all the
information and disclosures required in the annual financial
statements and should be read in conjunction with the
Company’s annual financial statements as at and for the year
ended December 31, 2020 (“Annual Financial
Statements”). However,
selected explanatory notes are included to explain events and
transactions that are significant to an understanding of the
changes in the Company’s financial position and performance
since the last annual consolidated financial statements as at and
for the year ended December 31, 2020. These unaudited interim
financial statements follow the same accounting policies and
methods of application as the Annual Financial
Statements.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
2.
BASIS OF PRESENTATION
(cont’d...)
Statement of
compliance (cont’d...)
These
unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements were
approved and authorized for issue by the Audit Committee on
November 8, 2021.
(a)
Use of judgments
and estimates
In preparing these interim financial statements,
management makes judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect
the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of
assets and liabilities, income and expense. Actual results may
differ from these estimates. The significant judgements made by
management in applying the Company’s accounting policies and
the key sources of estimation uncertainty were the same as those
that applied to the Annual Financial Statements.
On
August 26, 2021, ELEF announced that it has executed a plan of
arrangement, as amended November 8, 2021, (the “Arrangement”) under the Business
Corporations Act (British Columbia) pursuant to which it
shall:
i.
complete a
consolidation of the outstanding share capital of ELEF whereby each
10 pre-consolidation ELEF share shall be exchanged for one
post-consolidation ELEF share;
ii.
transfer certain
royalties presently held by ELEF in certain projects into its own
entity, SpinCo 3 (“RoyaltyCo”), a wholly owned
subsidiary of ELEF;
iii.
spin-out its
Manitoba based Minago Nickel project mineral property assets
(“Minago”) into
its own entity, SpinCo 1 (“NickelCo”), a wholly owned
subsidiary of ELEF;
iv.
and spin-out its
Nevada based Gibellini Vanadium project mineral property assets
(“Gibellini”)
into its own entity, SpinCo 2 (“VanadiumCo”), a wholly owned
subsidiary of ELEF.
ELEF
will transfer assets, as described above, to each SpinCo in
consideration for the following:
●
NickelCo will
purchase the Minago assets from ELEF in exchange for the issuance
of NickelCo shares and the assumption of certain liabilities
related to the underlying assets;
●
RoyaltyCo will
purchase the royalties from ELEF in exchange for the issuance of
RoyaltyCo shares;
●
Nevada Vanadium
Mining Corp. (“NVMC”) will purchase the Gibellini
assets from ELEF in exchange for the issuance of NVMC shares and
the assumption of certain liabilities related to the underlying
assets;
●
VanadiumCo will
purchase the NVMC shares from ELEF in exchange for the issuance of
VanadiumCo shares;
●
and RoyaltyCo will
purchase certain of the outstanding shares of both VanadiumCo and
NickelCo in exchange for the issuance of RoyaltyCo
shares.
Upon
completion of the Arrangement, it is currently expected that ELEF
and each SpinCo will focus on its corresponding core business
with:
●
ELEF holding a 100%
interest in its Pulacayo silver and El Triunfo gold-silver projects
in Bolivia, and approximately 33 % of the Royalties SpinCo shares
as a long-term investment;
●
VanadiumCo holding
a 100% interest in the Gibellini Vanadium project in
Nevada;
●
NickelCo holding a
100% interest in the Minago nickel project at Thompson nickel belt
in Manitoba;
●
and RoyaltyCo
holding certain royalties related to each of the transferred assets
referenced above and approximately 54% of the NickelCo shares and
approximately 54% of the VanadiumCo shares as a long-term
investment.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
3.
ARRANGEMENT AND TRANSFER OF ASSETS
(cont’d…)
Subject
to applicable laws, the policies of and approval by the Toronto
Stock Exchange (the “TSX”), the receipt of ELEF’s
shareholder approval and court approval, and satisfaction of other
closing conditions, it is presently expected that, pursuant to the
Arrangement:
i.
the authorized
share capital of ELEF shall be reorganized and its articles amended
by the creation of an unlimited number of Class A
Shares;
ii.
and each ELEF
shareholder (“Shareholder“) will exchange each
post-Consolidation ELEF share to receive: one share of each of
NickelCo and VanadiumCo; two shares of RoyaltyCo; and one Class A
share of ELEF
Holders
of outstanding ELEF warrants (the “Warrants”) after the Record Date
will be entitled to receive, upon exercise of each such Warrant at
the same original exercise price and in accordance with the terms
of such Warrant, one share of each of NickelCo and VanadiumCo.; two
shares of the RoyaltyCo; and one Class A share of
ELEF.
Holders
of outstanding ELEF options (the “Options”) after the Record Date
will be entitled to receive, upon exercise of each such Option at
the same original exercise price and in accordance with the terms
of such Option, one share of each of NickelCo and VanadiumCo.; two
shares of the RoyaltyCo; and one Class A share of
ELEF.
While the foregoing has been prepared on the basis that no
additional securities of each SpinCo will be issued, it is
presently expected that each SpinCo will complete a financing in
connection with the Arrangement to provide for working capital and
other corporate purposes (see Note 20).
There
can be no assurance that the Arrangement will be completed on the
terms described herein or that the proposed public listings of the
SpinCos will be completed.
The
Company operates in one operating segment, being the acquisition,
exploration and development of mineral properties. Geographic
segmentation of the Company’s non-current assets is as
follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reclamation
deposits
|
$-
|
$-
|
$21,055
|
$-
|
$21,055
|
|
Equipment
|
5,406
|
68,937
|
8,445
|
33,382
|
116,171
|
|
Mineral
properties
|
16,059,660
|
15,375,193
|
-
|
21,355,364
|
52,790,217
|
|
|
$16,065,067
|
$15,444,131
|
$29,500
|
$21,388,746
|
$52,927,443
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reclamation
deposits
|
$-
|
$-
|
$21,055
|
$-
|
$21,055
|
|
Equipment
|
9,729
|
80,401
|
2,790
|
60,880
|
153,800
|
|
Mineral
properties
|
-
|
13,290,081
|
-
|
18,516,513
|
31,806,594
|
|
|
$9,729
|
$13,370,482
|
$23,845
|
$18,577,393
|
$31,981,449
|
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
5.
CASH AND RESTRICTED CASH
EQUIVALENTS
Cash
and restricted cash equivalents of the Company are comprised of
bank balances and a guaranteed investment certificate which can be
readily converted into cash without significant restrictions,
changes in value or penalties.
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
|
$401,579
|
$7,608,149
|
|
Restricted
cash equivalents
|
34,500
|
34,500
|
|
|
$436,079
|
$7,642,649
|
Restricted Cash Equivalents
As at
September 30, 2021, a guaranteed investment certificate of $34,500
(December 31, 2020 - $34,500) has been pledged as collateral for
the Company’s credit card.
Marketable
securities consist of investments in common shares of public
companies. The fair value of the listed marketable securities has
been determined directly by reference to published price quotation
in an active market.
On
February 8, 2021, pursuant to an Asset
Purchase Agreement with Victory Nickel Inc. (“Victory
Nickel”) dated January 21, 2021, the Company subscribed to 40,000,000 common shares of
Victory Nickel (“VN share”) at a price per VN share of
$0.025 for cash consideration of $1,000,000 which resulted in the
Company owning approximately 29% of Victory Nickel post-investment
on a non-diluted basis.
The
Company has determined it does not have significant influence over
Victory Nickel and therefore accounts for the investment at Fair
Value Through Profit and Loss.
During
nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company disposed of 40 million common shares of Victory
Nickel Inc. through the facilities of the Canadian Securities
Exchange for total proceeds of $779,179. As at September 30, 2021,
the Company holds Nil Victory Nickel shares.
The
following table summarizes information regarding the
Company’s marketable securities as at September 30, 2021 and
December 31, 2020.
|
Marketable securities
|
|
|
|
Balance,
beginning of period
|
$-
|
$-
|
|
Additions
|
1,000,000
|
-
|
|
Share
sale
|
(779,179)
|
-
|
|
Loss
on share sale
|
(220,821)
|
-
|
|
Balance,
end of period
|
$-
|
$-
|
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
The
right-of -use asset of the Company consists of a corporate office
lease. The leased asset was measured at the amount of the lease
liability using the Company’s current incremental borrowing
rate of 10%. The following table presents the right-of-use-asset as
at December 31, 2019, December 31, 2020 and September 30,
2021:
|
Balance
at December 31, 2019
|
$50,023
|
|
Depreciation
|
(31,593)
|
|
Balance
at December 31, 2020
|
$18,430
|
|
Depreciation
|
(18,430)
|
|
Balance
at September 30, 2021
|
$-
|
On October 10, 2018, the Company signed a lease agreement (the
“Lease”)
with an arms-length private Mongolian company (the
“Lessee”)
whereby the Lessee plans to perform mining operations at the
Company’s Ulaan Ovoo coal mine and will pay the Company
US$2.00 (the “Production
Royalty”) for every tonne of coal
shipped from the Ulaan Ovoo site premises. The Lessee paid the Company
US$100,000 in cash (recorded as other income on the consolidated
statement of operations) as a non-refundable advance royalty
payment and is preparing, at its own and sole expense, to restart
and operate the Ulaan Ovoo mine with its own equipment, supplies,
housing and crew.
The
Lease is valid for 3 years with an annual advance royalty payment
(“ARP”) for the
first year of US$100,000 which was due and paid upon signing, and
US$150,000 and US$200,000 due on the 1st and 2nd anniversary of the
Lease, respectively. The ARP can be credited towards the US$2.00
per tonne Production Royalty payments to be made to the Company as
the Lessee starts to sell Ulaan Ovoo coal. The 3-year Lease can be extended upon mutual
agreement. The first and second anniversary payments due have not
been collected and the Company has recorded a full provision in the
amount of $470,278 (US$350,000) due to uncertainty of their
collection.
The
impaired value of $Nil for deferred development costs at Ulaan Ovoo
property at September 30, 2021 (December 31, 2020- $Nil) remains
unchanged.
The
following table summarizes information regarding the
Company’s equipment as at September 30, 2021 and December 31,
2020 and 2019:
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Carrying amount at December 31, 2019
|
$4,451
|
$32,976
|
$104,964
|
$17,093
|
$159,484
|
|
Cost
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance,
December 31, 2019
|
$103,254
|
$278,845
|
$219,606
|
$24,476
|
$626,181
|
|
Additions
|
-
|
-
|
111,592
|
-
|
111,592
|
|
Disposals
|
(1,326)
|
-
|
(76,803)
|
-
|
(78,129)
|
|
Balance,
December 31, 2020
|
$101,928
|
$278,845
|
$254,395
|
$24,476
|
$659,644
|
|
Accumulated depreciation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance,
December 31, 2019
|
$98,803
|
$245,869
|
$114,642
|
$7,383
|
$466,697
|
|
Disposals
|
-
|
-
|
(12,431)
|
-
|
(12,431)
|
|
Depreciation
for year
|
2,003
|
6,243
|
40,161
|
3,171
|
51,578
|
|
Balance,
December 31, 2020
|
$100,806
|
$252,112
|
$142,372
|
$10,554
|
$505,844
|
|
Carrying amount at December 31, 2020
|
$1,122
|
$26,733
|
$112,023
|
$13,922
|
$153,800
|
|
Cost
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance,
December 31, 2020
|
$101,928
|
$278,845
|
$254,395
|
$24,476
|
$659,644
|
|
Balance,
September 30, 2021
|
$101,928
|
$278,845
|
$254,395
|
$24,476
|
$659,644
|
|
Accumulated depreciation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance,
December 31, 2020
|
$100,806
|
$252,112
|
$142,372
|
$10,554
|
$505,844
|
|
Depreciation
for period
|
1,122
|
12,384
|
22,137
|
1,986
|
37,629
|
|
Balance,
September 30, 2021
|
$101,928
|
$264,496
|
$164,509
|
$12,540
|
$543,473
|
|
Carrying amount at September 30, 2021
|
$-
|
$14,349
|
$89,886
|
$11,936
|
$116,171
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance, December 31, 2019
|
$15,182,226
|
$8,600,658
|
$-
|
$-
|
$-
|
$23,782,885
|
|
Additions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acquisition
cost
|
$-
|
$2,253,566
|
$396,936
|
$135,676
|
$-
|
$2,786,178
|
|
Deferred
exploration costs:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Licenses,
tax, and permits
|
5,733
|
348,165
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
353,898
|
|
Geological
and consulting
|
1,767,089
|
897,085
|
116,152
|
327,989
|
-
|
3,108,315
|
|
Personnel,
camp and general
|
584,712
|
1,190,607
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
1,775,320
|
|
|
2,357,534
|
2,435,857
|
116,152
|
327,989
|
-
|
5,237,531
|
|
Balance, December 31, 2020
|
$17,539,760
|
$13,290,080
|
$513,088
|
$463,665
|
$-
|
$31,806,594
|
|
Additions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acquisition
cost
|
$-
|
$-
|
$-
|
$-
|
$15,821,632
|
$15,821,632
|
|
Deferred
exploration costs:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Licenses,
tax, and permits
|
5,200
|
253,430
|
-
|
-
|
7,654
|
266,284
|
|
Geological
and consulting
|
1,543,153
|
1,221,580
|
761,732
|
166,957
|
217,792
|
3,911,214
|
|
Personnel,
camp and general
|
361,808
|
610,103
|
-
|
-
|
12,581
|
984,493
|
|
|
1,910,161
|
2,085,113
|
761,732
|
166,957
|
238,028
|
5,161,991
|
|
Balance, September 30, 2021
|
$19,449,921
|
$15,375,193
|
$1,274,820
|
$630,622
|
$16,059,660
|
$52,790,217
|
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
9.
MINERAL PROPERTIES
(cont’d...)
Pulacayo Project, Bolivia
The
Company holds an interest in the Pulacayo Paca silver-lead-zinc
project in Bolivia (the "Pulacayo
Project").
The
Pulacayo Project mining rights are recognized by two legally
independent contractual arrangements, one covering all, except the
Apuradita deposit, from a mining production contract (the
"Pulacayo MPC") between the
Company and the Corporación Minera de Bolivia ("COMIBOL"), a Bolivian state mining
company, and the original holder of the rights, executed on October
3, 2019. The Pulacayo MPC grants the Company the 100% exclusive
right to develop and mine at the Pulacayo and Paca concessions for
up to 30 years against certain royalty payments. In connection with
the Apuradita deposit, its rights are covered by a second
contractual arrangement, with the Bolivian Jurisdictional Mining
Authority, acting for the Government of Bolivia, which is in
process of formalization, as a mean of recognition of the acquired
rights to what was originally the mining concession. Until such
time as the contract is formalized, all mining rights, as
recognized in the Bolivian Mining Law 535, can be exercised by the
holder of the ex-concession.
Pursuant
to the Pulacayo MPC, ASC Bolivia LDC Sucursal Bolivia
(“ASC”), a
subsidiary of the Company, has committed to pay monthly rent of
US$1,000 to COMIBOL and US$1,500 monthly rent to the Pulacayo Ltda.
Mining Cooperative until the Pulacayo Project starts commercial
production.
Gibellini Project, Nevada, United States
The Gibellini Project consists of a total of 587 unpatented lode
mining claims that includes: the Gibellini group of 40 claims, the
VC Exploration group of 105 claims, the Bisoni group of 201 claims
and the Company group of 241claims. All the claims are
located in Eureka County, Nevada, USA.
Gibellini
Group
The
Gibellini group of claims were acquired on June 22, 2017, through
leasehold assignments from the claimant and then-holder of the
Gibellini mineral claims (the “Gibellini Lessor”). Under the
Gibellini mineral lease agreement (the “Gibellini MLA”), the Company
leased this core group of claims, which originally constituted the
entire Gibellini
Project,
by, among other things, agreeing to pay to the Gibellini Lessor
annual advance royalty payments. These payments are tied, based on
an agreed formula not to exceed US$120,000 per year, to the average
vanadium pentoxide price of the prior year (each an "Advance Royalty Payment"). Upon
commencement of production, the obligation to make Advance Royalty
Payments will cease and the Company will instead maintain its
acquisition through lease of the Gibellini group of claims by
paying to the Gibellini Lessor, a 2.5% net smelter return royalty
(the “Gibellini
NSR Payments”) until a
total of US$3 million is paid. Thereafter, the Gibellini NSR will
be reduced to 2% over the remaining life of the mine (and referred
to thereafter, as “Production
Royalty Payments”). Upon commencement of production,
any Advance Royalty Payments that have been made will be deducted
as credits against the Gibellini NSR Payments or Production Royalty
Payments, as applicable. The lease is for a term of 10 years,
expiring on June 22, 2027, which can be extended for an additional
10 years, at the Company’s option.
On
April 19, 2018, the Gibellini MLA was amended to grant the Company
the option, at any time during the term of the Gibellini MLA, which
ends on June 22, 2027, to require the Gibellini Lessor to transfer
their title over all of the leased mining claims (excluding four
claims which will be retained by the Gibellini Lessor) (the
"Transferred Claims") to the
Company in exchange for US$1,000,000, which will be deemed an
Advance Royalty Payment (the
“Transfer
Payment”). A credit of
US$99,027 in favour of the Company towards the Transfer Payment was
paid upon the execution of the amendment, with a remaining balance
of US$900,973 on the Transfer Payment due and payable by the
Company to the Gibellini Lessor upon completion of transfer of the
Transferred Claims from the Gibellini Lessor to the Company. The
Advance Royalty Payment obligation and Production Royalty Payments
will not be affected, reduced or relieved by the transfer of
title.
On June
22, 2021, the Company paid US$50,000 (2020 – US$50,000) of
the Advance Royalty Payment to the Gibellini Lessor.
During
year 2020, the Company expanded the land position at the Gibellini
Project, by staking a total of 46 new claims immediately adjacent
to the Gibellini Project.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
9.
MINERAL PROPERTIES
(cont’d...)
Gibellini Project, Nevada, United States
(cont’d…)
The Bisoni Group
On September 18, 2020, the Company completed the acquisition of the Bisoni
vanadium property situated immediately southwest of the Gibellini
Project pursuant to an asset purchase agreement
(the “Bisoni
APA”) dated
August 18, 2020, with Cellcube Energy Storage Systems Inc.
(“Cellcube”).
The Bisoni
property comprised of 201 lode mining claims. As consideration for the acquisition of
the Bisoni property under the Bisoni APA, the Company issued
4 million Common Shares (the “Bisoni APA Shares”) and paid
$200,000 cash to Cellcube. Additionally, subject to TSX approval,
if, on or before December 31, 2023, the price of European vanadium
pentoxide on the Metal Bulletin (or an equivalent publication)
exceeds US$12 a pound for 30 consecutive days, the Company will
issue to Cellcube additional Common Shares with a value of $500,000
calculated based upon the 5-day volume weighted average price of
the Common Shares immediately following the satisfaction of the
vanadium pentoxide pricing condition.
VC
Exploration Group
The Company entered into a lease agreement to acquire 10 unpatented
lode claims totaling approximately 207 gross acres (the
“Former Louie Hill Claims”)
from their holders (the “Former Louie Hill Lessors”) on July 10,
2017 (the “Louie
Hill MLA”). The Former Louie Hill Claims
were located approximately 1600 feet south of the Gibellini
group of claims. The Former Louie Hill Claims were subsequently
abandoned by the Former Louie Hill Lessors, and on March 11 and 12,
2018, the Company staked the area within and under 17 new claims
totaling approximately 340 gross acres, which now collectively
comprise the expanded Louie Hill group of claims (the
“Current Louie Hill Claims”).
On
October 22, 2018, the Company entered into a royalty agreement (the
“Royalty
Agreement”) with the Former Louie Hill Lessors that
replaced, on substantially similar terms, the Louie Hill MLA. The
Royalty Agreement provides for the Company to pay the following
royalties to the Former Louie Hill Lessors as an advance royalty: (i)
US$75,000 upon the Company achieving Commercial Production (as
defined in the Royalty Agreement) at the Gibellini Project; (ii)
US$50,000 upon the Company selling, conveying, transferring or
assigning all or any portion of certain claims defined in the
Royalty Agreement to any third party and (iii) annually upon the
anniversary date of July 10, 2018, and the anniversary date of each
year thereafter during the term of the Royalty Agreement: (a) if
the average vanadium pentoxide price per pound as quoted on
www.metalbulletin.com (the “Metal Bulletin”) or another
reliable and reputable industry source as agreed by the parties,
remains below US$7.00/lb during the preceding 12 months, US$12,500;
or (b) if the average vanadium pentoxide price per pound as quoted
on Metal Bulletin or another reliable and reputable industry source
as agreed by the parties, remains equal to or above US$7.00/lb
during the preceding 12 months, US$2,000 x average vanadium
pentoxide price per pound up to a maximum annual advance royalty
payment of US$28,000.
Further,
the Company will pay to the Former Louie Hill Lessors a 2.5% net smelter return
royalty (the “Louie
Hill NSR”) payable on vanadium
pentoxide produced from the area of the Former Louie Hill Claims
contained within the Current Louie Hill Claims. The Company may
purchase three-fifths of the Louie Hill NSR at any time for
US$1,000,000, leaving the total Louie Hill NSR payable by the
Company at 1.0% for the remaining life of the mine. Any Louie Hill
Advance Royalty Payments that have been made at the time of
Commercial Production will be deducted as credits against future
payments under the Louie Hill NSR. The payments under the Royalty
Agreement will continue for an indefinite period and will be
payable as long as the Company, its subsidiaries, or any of their
permitted successors or assigns holds a valid and enforceable
mining concession over the area.
On July
7, 2021, the Company paid US$12,500 (2020 – US$12,500)
comprising the Louie Hill Advance Royalty Payment to the Former
Louie Hill Lessors.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
9.
MINERAL PROPERTIES
(cont’d...)
Gibellini Project, Nevada, United States
(cont’d…)
On
February 15, 2018, the Company acquired an additional 105 unpatented lode mining claims
located adjacent to its existing Gibellini Project
in Nevada, USA through the
acquisition of VC Exploration (US) Inc, ("VC
Exploration") by
paying a total of $335,661 in cash and issuing 500,000 Common
Share purchase warrants (valued at $89,944) to arm’s-length,
private parties. Each warrant entitles the holder upon exercise, to
acquire one Common Share at a
price
of $0.50 per Common Share until February 15, 2021. The acquisition
of the VC Exploration has been accounted for as an asset
acquisition as their activities at the time of the acquisition
consisted of mineral claims only.
The
Company Group
During 2017 and 2018, the Company expanded the land position at the
Gibellini Project, by staking a total of 209 new claims immediately
adjacent to the Gibellini Project covering 4091 acres.
Sunawayo Project, Bolivia
On September 7, 2020, the Company announced that it had entered
into a binding sales and purchase agreement (the
“Sunawayo SPA”)
with a private party (the “Sunawayo
Vendor”) to
acquire the Sunawayo silver-lead mining project (the
“Sunawayo
Project”). Subject to the
provisions of the Sunawayo SPA, the Sunawayo Vendor agreed to
irrevocably transfer the mining rights of the Sunawayo Project to
the Company for consideration of US$6,500,000, which payment
consists of US$300,000 paid on execution of the Sunawayo SPA, with
the remaining US$6,200,000 to be paid in cash over a one-year
period in twelve equal monthly installments, starting March 1,
2021. The Company has suspended the March 2021 installment and all
proceeding installments while it verifies that the vendor is in
compliance of Bolivia’s jurisdictional
regulations.
Triunfo Project, Bolivia
On July
13, 2020, the Company announced that it had entered into an
agreement (the “Triunfo
Agreement”) with a private party (the “Triunfo Vendor”) for the
right to conduct mining exploration activities (the
“Exploration
Right”) within the El
Triunfo gold-silver-lead-zinc project in La Paz District, Bolivia
(the “Triunfo
Project”) and the right, at the Company’s
election, to purchase the Triunfo Project for US$1,000,000 (the
“Purchase Right”) and together with the
Exploration Right, the “Triunfo Rights”). The Purchase Right
can be exercised at any time after the Triunfo Vendor completes the
required Bolivian administrative procedures for the Triunfo Project
until July 13, 2025 or such further period as the parties may
agree. To secure the Triunfo Rights, the Company paid the
Triunfo Vendor US$100,000 upon execution of the Triunfo
Agreement. Until the Company exercises its Purchase Right,
beginning in 2021 the Company must pay the Triunfo Vendor US$50,000
on June 15 (2021 – paid) of each year to maintain the Triunfo
Rights. The Company may elect to terminate the Triunfo
Agreement at any time. If the Company exercises the Purchase
Right, the Triunfo Vendor will maintain up to a 5% interest of the
profits, net of taxes and royalties, derived from the sale of
concentrate produced from the Triunfo Project (the
“Residual Interest”). If the Company exercises the Purchase Right, the
Company may reduce some or all of the Residual Interest at any time
by making a lump sum payment to the Triunfo Vendor at any
time to reduce some or all of the Residual Interest as
follows:
●
the Residual
Interest may be extinguished for US$300,000;
●
the Residual
Interest may be reduced to 4% for US$250,000;
●
the Residual
Interest may be reduced to 3% for US$200,000;
●
the Residual
Interest may be reduced to 2% for US$150,000; or
●
the Residual
Interest may be reduced to 1% for US$100,000.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
9.
MINERAL PROPERTIES
(cont’d...)
Minago Project, Canada
On
February 10, 2021, the Company
acquired the
Minago Nickel Project located in Manitoba, Canada (the
“Minago Project”) (the “Minago Acquisition) by
way of an Asset Purchase
Agreement (the “APA”)
with Victory Nickel Inc. (“Victory
Nickel”). Under the
terms of
the APA, the Company acquired the Minago Project for aggregate
consideration of US$11,675,000, which consisted of a US$6,675,000
(“Property
Payment”) credit against
certain secured debt owed by Victory Nickel to the Company at
closing and US$5,000,000 in the Company common shares
(“Consideration
Shares”) to be issued over a
one-year period.
In satisfaction of the Consideration Shares to be issued, an
initial tranche of 5,363,630 Consideration Shares was issued on
February 9,
2021, a further US$2,000,000
worth of Consideration Shares will be issued on or before August
31, 2021 (issued), and a further US$1,000,000 worth of
Consideration Shares on or before December 31,
2021. All Consideration
Shares are subject to 4-month plus 1-day statutory hold period. The
Property Payment was a credit in favour of Victory Nickel against
an aggregate of approximately US$12,056,307 owed by Victory Nickel
pursuant a Secured Debt Facility (the “SDF”).
Immediately prior to acquiring the Minago Project, the Company
acquired the SDF for US$6,675,000 in cash and 3 million of the
Company’s common share purchase warrants (the
“Warrants”),
each exercisable until February 8, 2023 at an exercise price
of $0.4764 from an arms-length
party pursuant to a Debt Purchase and Assignment Agreement (the
“DPAA”)
executed on January 15, 2021. The SDF has been restructured to bear
zero percent interest and to expire on February 8, 2026, which will
automatically be extended in 5-year increments. The Company
will credit the remaining balance
under the SDF to Victory Nickel’s benefit, upon completion of
an independent economic study proving positive net present value in
respect of the Minago Project during the term of the
SDF. The Company agreed to
reimburse up to $200,000 of financial advisory services rendered by
Red Cloud Securities Inc.
The Company subscribed to 40,000,000 common shares of Victory
Nickel (“VN share”) at a price per VN share of $0.025
for cash consideration of $1,000,000, which resulted in the Company
owning approximately 29% of Victory Nickel post-investment on a
non-diluted basis. Additionally, the
Company agreed to issue to Victory Nickel $2,000,000 in Common
Shares, upon the price of nickel exceeding US$10 per pound for 30
consecutive business days, at any time before December 31, 2023.
The Company granted Victory
Nickel the right of first refusal exercisable until December 31,
2023, with respect to the exploration of the sandstone (non-nickel
bearing sulphides) resources for frac sand extraction at the Minago
Project.
10.
ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED
LIABILITIES
Accounts
payable and accrued liabilities of the Company consist of amounts
outstanding for trade and other purchases relating to development
and exploration, along with administrative activities. The usual
credit period taken for trade purchases is between 30 to 90
days.
|
|
|
|
|
Trade
accounts payable
|
$2,146,290
|
$1,717,977
|
|
Accrued
liabilities
|
160,500
|
41,186
|
|
|
$2,306,790
|
$1,759,163
|
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
As at
September 30, 2021, the Company recorded $3,007 (December 31, 2020
- $20,533) of lease liability. The incremental borrowing rate for
lease liability initially recognized as of January 1, 2019 was
10%.
|
Balance
at December 31, 2019
|
$52,818
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
flows:
|
|
|
Lease
payments for year
|
(37,162)
|
|
Non-cash
changes:
|
|
|
Accretion
expenses for year
|
4,877
|
|
Balance
at December 31, 2020
|
20,533
|
|
Cash
flows:
|
|
|
Lease
payments for period
|
(22,939)
|
|
Non-cash
changes:
|
|
|
Accretion
expenses for period
|
2,406
|
|
Balance
at September 30, 2021
|
-
|
The
Company does not face a significant liquidity risk with regard to
its lease liability. Lease liability is monitored within the
Company treasury function. The lease liability matured in July
2021.
There
were no significant payments made for short-term or low value
leases in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 (2020 -
$nil).
The
authorized share capital of the Company consists of an unlimited
number of Common Shares. At September 30, 2021, the Company had
223,732,673 (December 31, 2020 – 180,518,828) Common Shares
issued and outstanding.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2021
On
February 5, 2021, the Company closed its non-brokered private
placement (the “February
2021 Placement”) through the issuance
of 10,000,001 Common Shares at a price of $0.375 per Common Share.
The February 2021 Placement raised gross cash proceeds of
$3,750,000. The Company paid $73,875 in cash as finder’s
fees.
On
February 10, 2021, under the terms of the APA the
Company acquired the Minago Project for aggregate consideration of
US$11,675,000, which consisted of a US$6,675,000
(“Property
Payment”) credit against
certain secured debt owed by Victory Nickel to the Company at
closing and US$5,000,000 in the Company common shares
(“Consideration
Shares”) to be issued over a
one-year period. In satisfaction of the Consideration Shares to be
issued, an initial tranche of 5,363,630 Consideration Shares at a
value of $2,386,815 was issued on February 9,
2021. A further US$2,000,000 worth of
Consideration Shares will be issued on or before August 31, 2021,
and a further US$1,000,000 worth of Consideration Shares on or
before December 31, 2021 (Note 9). The Company recorded the
obligation to issue the Consideration shares in equity at a value
of $3,818,003.
On August 31, 2021, the Company issued 10,081,502 Shares with a
value of $2,523,400 to Victory Nickel.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
12.
SHARE CAPITAL
(cont’d…)
(b)
Equity issuances
(cont’d…)
On
September 23, 2021, the Company closed the first tranche
(“1st
Closing”) of its
non-brokered private placement (the “September 2021 Placement”) offering of 15,000,000
Shares at a price per Share of $ 0.22. Pursuant to the
1st
Closing, the Company issued 4,173,632 Shares for aggregate gross
proceeds from the 1st Closing of
$918,199. In connection with the 1st Closing, the
Company paid $46,872 in cash and issued 213,054 Share purchase
warrants (“Finder’s
Warrants”) to certain finders as finder’s fees.
Each Finder’s Warrant is exercisable to acquire one Share at
a price of $0.26 until September 22, 2022. The 1st Closing proceeds
are expected to be used for the Company’s mineral project
development and for general working capital purposes. The fair
value of $22,559 of the Finder’s Warrants determined using
the Black Scholes option pricing model using the following
assumptions: (1) a risk-free interest rate of 2%; (2) warrant
expected life of one year; (3) expected volatility of 107%; and (4)
dividend yield of nil. The Company has recorded the fair value of
the finder’s units as share issuance costs.
12,600,080 Common Share purchase warrants were exercised for total
proceeds of $3,240,331 including share compensation for services of
$660,000 and 995,000 stock options were exercised for total
proceeds of $206,825.
During the year ended December 31, 2020
On May
1, 2020, and on May 20, 2020, the Company closed two tranches of a
non-brokered private placement (the "May 2020 Private Placement") for aggregate gross
proceeds of $1,930,500 and share compensation for services of
$45,500 through the issuance of 15,200,000 units of the Company
(each, a "Unit") at a price
of $0.13 per Unit. Each Unit is comprised of one Common Share and
one Common Share purchase warrant (each, a “Warrant”). Each Warrant entitles
the holder to purchase one Common Share at an exercise price of
$0.16 for a period of three years from the date of issuance. The
Company paid $3,250 in cash and issued 156,900 Units as
finder’s fees in connection with the May 2020 Private
Placement. The Units issued as a finder's fee have been valued at
$24,000
based
on the offering price of the Units under the May 2020 Private
Placement. The Company has recorded the fair value of the
finder’s units as share issuance costs.
The
Company issued 1,601,000 Common Shares with a value of $640,400 as
a bonus payment to certain directors, officers, employees, and
consultants of the Company.
On
September 18, 2020, the Company issued 4,000,000 Common Shares at a
value of $0.50 per Common Share in relation with purchase of Bisoni
Project in Nevada, USA.
On
November 24, 2020, the Company closed its bought deal short form
prospectus offering pursuant to which the Company has issued
23,000,000 Common Shares at a price of $0.40 per Common Share for
aggregate gross proceeds of $9,200,000 (the “Offering”).
Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Underwriting Agreement,
the Company paid a cash commission to the Underwriters of $534,000,
additional fees of $391,544 and issued 1,335,000 Share purchase
warrants as a finder’s fee in relation with the
Offering. The fair value of $226,917 of the issued warrants
determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model using the
following assumptions: (1) a risk-free interest rate of 0.2%; (2)
warrant expected life of one year; (3) expected volatility of 107%,
and (4) dividend yield of nil. The Company has recorded the fair
value of the finder’s units as share issuance
costs.
During
the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company issued 1,233,750
Shares on the exercise of stock options for total proceeds of
$299,812.
During
the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company issued 14,027,670
Common Shares on the exercise of warrants for aggregate gross
proceeds of $3,072,194 and share compensation for services of
$660,000 including $105,000 of prepaid consulting fee for the
Company CEO.
(c)
Share-based
compensation plan
The
Company has a 10% rolling equity-based compensation plan in place,
as approved by the Company’s shareholders on September 10,
2021 (the “2021
Plan”). Under the 2021 Plan the Company may grant
stock options, bonus shares or stock appreciation rights to acquire
the equivalent of a maximum of 20,947,753 of the Company’s
Common Shares. All stock options and other share-based awards
granted by the Company, or to be granted by the Company, since the
implementation of the 2021 Plan will be issued under, and governed
by, the terms and conditions of the
2021 Plan. The stock option vesting terms are determined by
the Board of Directors on the date of grant with a maximum term of
10 years.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
12.
SHARE CAPITAL
(cont’d…)
(c)
Share-based
compensation plan (cont’d…)
The
following is a summary of the changes in the Company’s stock
options from December 31, 2019 to September 30, 2021:
|
|
|
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
|
|
Outstanding,
December 31, 2019
|
9,577,500
|
$0.31
|
|
Granted
|
3,820,000
|
$0.28
|
|
Expired
|
(90,000)
|
$0.50
|
|
Cancelled
|
(1,801,250)
|
$0.30
|
|
Exercised
|
(1,233,750)
|
$0.24
|
|
Outstanding,
December 31, 2020
|
10,272,500
|
$0.32
|
|
Granted
|
6,800,000
|
$0.26
|
|
Expired
|
(50,000)
|
$0.20
|
|
Exercised
|
(995,000)
|
$0.21
|
|
Outstanding,
September 30, 2021
|
16,027,500
|
$0.30
|
As of
September 30, 2021, the following the Company stock options were
outstanding:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiry
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Date
|
|
|
|
|
|
$0.26
|
September
22, 2026
|
6,500,000
|
-
|
-
|
6,500,000
|
|
$0.37
|
May
24, 2026
|
300,000
|
-
|
37,500
|
262,500
|
|
$0.50
|
August
17, 2025
|
720,000
|
720,000
|
360,000
|
360,000
|
|
$0.22
|
May
4, 2025
|
2,181,250
|
2,200,000
|
1,363,281
|
817,969
|
|
$0.33
|
November
15, 2024
|
100,000
|
100,000
|
75,000
|
25,000
|
|
$0.44
|
November
1, 2024
|
1,100,000
|
1,100,000
|
962,500
|
137,500
|
|
$0.20
|
July
29, 2024
|
1,448,750
|
1,475,000
|
1,448,750
|
-
|
|
$0.33
|
October
17, 2023
|
610,000
|
620,000
|
610,000
|
-
|
|
$0.28
|
April
6, 2023
|
597,500
|
612,500
|
597,500
|
-
|
|
$0.31
|
February
20, 2023
|
200,000
|
200,000
|
200,000
|
-
|
|
$0.35
|
September
1, 2022
|
860,000
|
880,000
|
860,000
|
-
|
|
$0.33
|
June
12, 2022
|
790,000
|
805,000
|
790,000
|
-
|
|
$0.49
|
January
12, 2022
|
620,000
|
620,000
|
620,000
|
-
|
|
$0.20
|
June
2, 2021
|
-
|
940,000
|
-
|
-
|
|
|
16,027,500
|
10,272,500
|
7,924,531
|
8,102,969
|
Share-based
payment expenses resulting from stock options are amortized over
the corresponding vesting period. Share-based payments charged to
operations and assets were allocated between deferred mineral
properties, and general and administrative expenses. Share-based
payments are allocated between being either capitalized to deferred
exploration costs where related to mineral properties or expensed
as general and administrative expenses where otherwise related to
the general operations of the Company. The nine months ended
September 30, 2021, included $340,473 (same period 2020 - $594,393)
in share-based payment costs related to stock options expensed as
general and administrative expenses and $199,338 (same period 2020
- $119,244) capitalized to mineral properties. The
share-based payment expenses were calculated using the
Black-Scholes option pricing model and the following weighted
average assumptions: risk-free interest rate – 1.46; expected
life – 4.7 years; expected volatility – 107%; and
expected dividends – Nil.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
12.
SHARE CAPITAL
(cont’d…)
(d)
Share purchase
warrants
The
following is a summary of the changes in The Company’s share
purchase warrants from December 31, 2019 to September 30,
2021:
|
|
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price
|
|
Outstanding,
December 31, 2019
|
26,666,597
|
$0.44
|
|
Issued
|
16,691,900
|
$0.18
|
|
Expired
|
(2,759,760)
|
$0.51
|
|
Exercised
|
(14,027,670)
|
$0.22
|
|
Outstanding,
December 31, 2020
|
26,571,067
|
$0.23
|
|
Issued
|
3,213,054
|
$0.46
|
|
Expired
|
(1,211,907)
|
$0.26
|
|
Exercised
|
(12,600,080)
|
$0.26
|
|
Outstanding,
September 30, 2021
|
15,972,134
|
$0.25
|
On February 8, 2021, the Company issued 3,000,000 Common Share
purchase warrants as a part of consideration for Minago Project
acquisition, each exercisable until
February 8, 2023, at an exercise price of $0.4764
from an
arms-length party pursuant to a Debt Purchase and Assignment
Agreement (the “DPAA”)
executed on January 15, 2021 (Note 9). The fair value of $723,845 of the
issued warrants determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing
model using the following assumptions: risk-free interest rate -
2.0%; expected life - 2 years; expected volatility -107%, and
expected dividends - Nil.
On
September 23, 2021, the Company closed the first tranche
(“1st
Closing”) of its
non-brokered private placement (the “September 2021 Placement”) previously announce
private placement offering of 15,000,000 Shares at a price per
Share of $ 0.22. Pursuant to the 1st Closing, the
Company issued 4,173,632 Shares for aggregate gross proceeds from
the 1st
Closing of $918,199. In connection with the 1st Closing, the
Company paid $46,872 in cash and issued 213,054 Share purchase
warrants (“Finder’s
Warrants”) to certain finders as finder’s fees.
Each Finder’s Warrant is exercisable to acquire one Share at
a price of $0.26 until September 22, 2022. The 1st Closing proceeds
are expected to be used for the Company’s mineral project
development and for general working capital purposes. The fair
value of $22,559 of the Finder’s Warrants determined using
the Black Scholes option pricing model using the following
assumptions: (1) a risk-free interest rate of 2%; (2) warrant
expected life of one year; (3) expected volatility of 107%; and (4)
dividend yield of nil. The Company has recorded the fair value of
the finder’s units as share issuance costs.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
12.
SHARE CAPITAL
(cont’d…)
(d)
Share purchase
warrants (cont’d…)
As of
September 30, 2021, the following share purchase warrants were
outstanding:
|
|
|
Number of warrants
|
|
|
Expiry Date
|
|
Thursday, December 31, 2020
|
|
$0.48
|
February
8, 2023
|
3,000,000
|
-
|
|
$0.40
|
November
24, 2021
|
1,335,000
|
1,335,000
|
|
$0.16
|
May
20, 2023
|
4,962,000
|
4,962,000
|
|
$0.16
|
May
1, 2023
|
4,638,000
|
4,994,900
|
|
$0.26
|
September
22, 2022
|
213,054
|
-
|
|
$0.26
|
June
13, 2022
|
521,590
|
521,590
|
|
$0.26
|
April
12, 2022
|
1,002,500
|
1,032,500
|
|
$0.26
|
January
13, 2022
|
299,990
|
499,990
|
|
$0.26
|
August
29, 2021
|
-
|
1,013,670
|
|
$0.26
|
August
13, 2021
|
-
|
198,237
|
|
$0.26
|
July
6, 2021
|
-
|
3,863,180
|
|
$0.26
|
June
2, 2021
|
-
|
7,500,000
|
|
$0.26
|
January
25, 2021
|
-
|
650,000
|
|
|
15,972,134
|
26,571,067
|
Management
considers its capital structure to consist of share capital, share
purchase options and warrants. The Company manages its capital
structure and makes adjustments to it, based on the funds available
to, and required by the Company in order to support the
acquisition, exploration and development of mineral properties. The
Board of Directors does not establish quantitative returns on
capital criteria for management. In order to facilitate the
management of its capital requirement, the Company prepares annual
expenditure budgets that are updated as necessary depending on
various factors. The annual and updated budgets are approved by the
Board of Directors.
The
properties, to which the Company currently has an interest in, are
in the exploration stage; as such, the Company is dependent on
external financing to fund its activities. In order to carry out
the planned exploration and development and pay for administrative
costs, the Company will spend its existing working capital and
raise additional amounts as needed. There were no changes in
managements approach to capital management during the period ended
September 30, 2021. Neither the Company nor its subsidiaries are
subject to externally imposed capital requirements.
14. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Fair Value Measurements
Fair value hierarchy
Fair
value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid
to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market
participants at the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy
establishes three levels to classify the inputs to valuation
techniques used to measure fair value. The Company utilizes a fair
value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques
used to measure fair value as follows:
Level 1
– quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical
assets or liabilities;
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
14.
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND FINANCIAL
INSTRUMENTS (cont’d...)
Fair Value Measurements (cont’d...)
Fair value hierarchy (cont’d...)
Level 2
– inputs are quoted prices in markets that are not active,
quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets,
inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset
or liability (for example, interest rate and yield curves
observable at commonly quoted intervals, forward pricing curves
used to value currency and commodity contracts and volatility
measurements used to value option contracts), or inputs that are
derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data
or other means; and
Level 3
– inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on
observable market data (unobservable inputs).
The
fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs
and the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs. The following table sets
forth the Company’s financial assets measured at fair value
by level within the fair value hierarchy.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financial
assets
|
|
|
|
|
Cash,
September 30, 2021
|
$401,579
|
$-
|
$-
|
|
Cash,
December 31, 2020
|
$7,608,149
|
$-
|
$-
|
Categories of financial instruments
The
Company considers that the carrying amount of all its financial
assets and financial liabilities measured at amortized cost
approximates their fair value due to their short term nature.
Restricted cash equivalents approximate fair value due to the
nature of the instrument. The Company does not offset financial
assets with financial liabilities. There were no transfers between
Level 1, 2 and 3 for the period ended September 30,
2021.
The
Company’s financial assets and financial liabilities are
categorized as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
Fair
value through profit or loss
|
|
|
|
Cash
|
$401,579
|
$7,608,149
|
|
Amortized
cost
|
|
|
|
Receivables
|
$80,402
|
$75,765
|
|
Restricted
cash equivalents
|
$34,500
|
$34,500
|
|
|
$516,481
|
$7,718,414
|
|
Amortized
cost
|
|
|
|
Accounts
payable
|
$2,306,790
|
$1,759,163
|
15.
FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT
DISCLOSURES
(a) Liquidity
risk
Liquidity
risk is the risk that an entity will be unable to meet its
financial obligations as they fall due. The Company manages
liquidity risk by preparing cash flow forecasts of upcoming cash
requirements. As at September 30, 2021,
the
Company had a cash balance of $401,579 (December 31,
2020 – $7,608,149). As at September 30, 2021 the Company
had accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $2,306,790
(December 31, 2020 - $1,759,163), which have contractual maturities
of 90 days or less.
The
Company has a planning and budgeting process in place by which it
anticipates and determines the funds required to support normal
operation requirements as well as the growth and development of its
mineral property interests. The
Company coordinates this planning and budgeting process with its
financing activities through the capital management process in
normal circumstances.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
15.
FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT DISCLOSURES
(cont’d...)
(b) Credit
risk
Credit
risk is the risk that one party to a financial instrument will fail
to discharge an obligation and cause the other party to incur a
financial loss. The Company is exposed to credit risk primarily
associated to cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash
equivalents and receivables, net of allowances. The carrying amount
of financial assets included on the statements of financial
position represents the maximum credit exposure.
Interest rate risk
is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial
instrument will fluctuate due to changes in market interest rates.
The Company’s cash and restricted cash equivalents primarily
include highly liquid investments that earn interest at market
rates that are fixed to maturity. Due to the short‐ term nature of these
financial instruments, fluctuations in market rates do not have
significant impact on the fair values of the financial instruments
as of September 30, 2021. The Company manages interest rate risk by
maintaining an investment policy that focuses primarily on
preservation of capital and liquidity.
(ii)
Foreign
currency risk
The
Company is exposed to foreign currency risk to the extent that
monetary assets and liabilities held by the Company are not
denominated in Canadian dollars. The Company has exploration and
development projects in Mongolia and Bolivia and undertakes
transactions in various foreign currencies. The Company is
therefore exposed to foreign currency risk arising from
transactions denominated in a foreign currency and the translation
of financial instruments denominated in US dollars, Mongolian
tugrik, and Bolivian boliviano into its functional and reporting
currency, the Canadian dollar.
Based
on the above, net exposures as at September 30, 2021, with other
variables unchanged, a 10% (December 31, 2020 – 10%)
strengthening (weakening) of the Canadian dollar against the
Mongolian tugrik would impact net loss with other variables
unchanged by $99,900. A 10% strengthening (weakening) of the
Canadian dollar against the Bolivian boliviano would impact net
loss with other variables unchanged by $62,800. A 10% strengthening
(weakening) of the US dollar against the Canadian dollar would
impact net loss with other variables unchanged by $49,000. The
Company currently does not use any foreign exchange contracts to
hedge this currency risk.
(iii)
Commodity and
equity price risk
Commodity price
risk is defined as the potential adverse impact on earnings and
economic value due to commodity price movements and volatilities.
Commodity prices fluctuate on a daily basis and are affected by
numerous factors beyond the Company’s control. The supply and
demand for these commodities, the level of interest rates, the rate
of inflation, investment decisions by large holders of commodities
including governmental reserves and stability of exchange rates can
all cause significant fluctuations in prices. Such external
economic factors are in turn influenced by changes in international
investment patterns and monetary systems and political
developments. The Company is also exposed to price risk with
regards to equity prices. Equity price risk is defined as the
potential adverse impact on the Company’s earnings due to
movements in individual equity prices or general movements in the
level of the stock market.
The
Company closely monitors commodity prices, individual equity
movements and the stock market to determine the appropriate course
of action to be taken by the Company. Fluctuations in value may be
significant.
16.
RELATED PARTY
DISCLOSURES
The
Company had related party transactions with the following
companies, related by way of directors and key management
personnel:
●
Linx Partners Ltd.,
a private company controlled by John Lee, Director, CEO and
Executive Chairman of the Company, provides management and
consulting services to the Company.
●
MaKevCo Consulting
Inc., a private company 50% owned by Greg Hall, Director of the
Company, provides consulting services to the Company.
●
Sophir Asia Ltd., a
private company controlled by Masa Igata, Director of the Company,
provides consulting services to the Company.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
A
summary of related party transactions by related party is as
follows:
|
|
Three Months Ended September 30,
|
Nine Months Ended September 30,
|
|
Related parties
|
|
|
|
|
|
Directors
and officers
|
$376,952
|
$657,041
|
$886,723
|
$1,298,076
|
|
Linx
Partners Ltd.
|
105,000
|
210,000
|
695,000
|
635,000
|
|
MaKevCo
Consulting Inc.
|
8,600
|
11,800
|
28,500
|
23,300
|
|
Sophir
Asia Ltd.
|
7,200
|
10,300
|
25,300
|
21,200
|
|
|
$497,752
|
$889,141
|
$1,635,523
|
$1,977,576
|
A
summary of the transactions by nature among the related parties is
as follows:
|
|
Three Months Ended September 30,
|
Nine Months Ended September 30,
|
|
Related parties
|
|
|
|
|
|
Consulting
and management fees
|
$52,500
|
$105,000
|
$347,500
|
$317,500
|
|
Directors'
fees
|
27,600
|
41,700
|
98,800
|
84,900
|
|
Mineral
properties
|
245,201
|
548,940
|
823,272
|
1,202,526
|
|
Salaries
|
172,451
|
193,501
|
365,951
|
372,650
|
|
|
$497,752
|
889,141
|
$1,635,523
|
$1,977,576
|
As at
September 30, 2021, amounts due to related parties were $175,300
(December 31, 2020 - $1,800), amounts of prepaid consulting fees
were $105,000 (December 31, 2020 - $Nil) (Note 12(d)).
17.
KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL
COMPENSATION
Key
management personnel are those persons having authority and
responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the
activities of the Company, including directors of the
Company.
|
|
Three Months Ended September 30,
|
Nine Months Ended September 30,
|
|
Key Management Personnel
|
|
|
|
|
|
Salaries
and short term benefits
|
$184,908
|
$210,739
|
$405,877
|
$417,052
|
|
Directors'
fees
|
27,600
|
41,700
|
98,800
|
84,900
|
|
Share-based
payments
|
81,106
|
169,208
|
279,990
|
880,415
|
|
|
$293,615
|
$421,647
|
$784,666
|
$1,382,367
|
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
18.
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW
INFORMATION
|
|
Nine months ended September 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplementary
information
|
|
|
|
Non-Cash
Financing and Investing Activities
|
|
|
|
Shares
issued on acquisition of mineral property
|
$4,910,215
|
$2,000,000
|
|
Shares
issuable for acquisition of mineral property
|
$1,294,603
|
$-
|
|
Shares
issuable in private placement
|
$220,000
|
$-
|
|
Bonus
shares
|
$-
|
$640,000
|
|
Shares
for services
|
$-
|
$80,500
|
|
Finders
units
|
$-
|
$24,000
|
|
Warrants
issued for mineral property
|
$723,845
|
$-
|
|
Warrants
exercised for bonus
|
$-
|
$-
|
|
Warrants
exercised for prepaid consulting fee
|
$-
|
$-
|
|
Warrants
exercised included in accounts receivable
|
$-
|
$-
|
|
Depreciation
included in mineral property
|
$37,271
|
$73,240
|
|
Equipment
expenditures included in accounts payable
|
$-
|
$457,018
|
|
Fair
value gain on marketable securities
|
$220,821
|
$-
|
|
Mineral
property expenditures included in accounts payable
|
$764,245
|
$830,317
|
|
Share-based
payments capitalized in mineral properties
|
$199,338
|
$119,244
|
|
Reclassification
of contributed surplus on exercise of options
|
$179,683
|
$173,474
|
|
Reclassification
of contributed surplus on exercise of warrants
|
$9,600
|
$-
|
The
Company accrues for liabilities when it is probable, and the amount
can be reasonably estimated.
As at
September 30, 2021, the Company does not have any contingent
liabilities (December 31, 2020 - $Nil).
20.
EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING
DATE
●
On October 22,
2021, the Company closed the second tranche (“2nd
Closing”) of the
September 2021 Placement through the issuance of 4,173,632 Common
Shares for aggregate gross proceeds from the 2nd Closing of
$1,025,800. In connection with the 2nd Closing, the
Company paid $31,020 in cash and issued 141,000 Finder’s
Warrants to certain finders as finder’s fees.
●
On November 15,
2021, the Company closed the third and final tranche
(“3rd
Closing”) of the
September 2021 Placement (which was upsized up to 17,000,000 Common
Shares) through the issuance of 8,163,640 Common Shares for
aggregate gross proceeds from the 3rd Closing of
$1,796,000. No fees were paid in connection with the 3rd Closing. The
proceeds from the September 2021 Placement are expected to be used
for the Company’s mineral project development and for general
working capital purposes.
●
On October 26,
2021, ELEF announced the terms of the NickelCo financing. The
NickelCo will raise proceeds of up to $7,000,000 through the
issuance of:
(i)
up to 5,000,000
subscription receipts of NickelCo (each, a “Non-FT Subscription Receipt”) at a
price of $0.70 per Non-FT Subscription Receipt for gross proceeds
of up to $3,500,000 from the sale of Non-FT Subscription Receipts;
and
(ii)
flow-through
eligible subscription receipts of NickelCo (each, a
“FT Subscription
Receipt”, and collectively with the Non-FT
Subscription Receipts, the “Offered Securities”) at a price of
$0.77 per FT Subscription Receipt.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING
CORP.
Notes
to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial
Statements
For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
2020
(Expressed in
Canadian Dollars) (Unaudited)
20.
EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING DATE
(cont’d...)
Upon
satisfaction of certain escrow release conditions, the subscription
receipts will be deemed exercised without payment of additional
consideration as follows:
(i)
each non-FT
subscription receipt shall be automatically converted into one unit
of NickelCo (a “Unit”). Each Unit will consist of
one common share of NickelCo and one half of one common share
purchase warrant (a “Warrant”). Each whole Warrant
shall entitle the holder to purchase one common share of NickelCo
at a price of $1.00 at any time on or before that date which is 24
months after the date of issuance of the Units.
(ii)
Each FT
subscription receipt shall be automatically converted into one
common share of NickelCo to be issued as a “flow-through
share” within the meaning of the Income Tax Act
(Canada).
The
net proceeds of the NickelCo will be used for the exploration and
advancement of the Minago Project as well as for general working
capital purposes.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Exhibit 99.2
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
|
1
|
INTRODUCTION
|
3
|
|
2
|
CAUTIONARY
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
|
5
|
|
3
|
THIRD
QUARTER HIGHLIGHTS AND SIGNIFICANT EVENTS
|
8
|
|
4
|
PLAN
OF ARRANGEMENT
|
10
|
|
5
|
PROPERTY
SUMMARY
|
11
|
|
6
|
SUMMARY
OF QUARTERLY RESULTS
|
47
|
|
7
|
DISCUSSION
OF OPERATIONS
|
48
|
|
8
|
LIQUIDITY
AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
|
50
|
|
9
|
COMMITMENTS
AND CONTINGENCIES
|
53
|
|
10
|
RELATED
PARTY DISCLOSURES
|
53
|
|
11
|
CRITICAL
ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
|
54
|
|
12
|
FINANCIAL
INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED RISKS
|
57
|
|
13
|
RISKS
AND UNCERTAINTIES
|
59
|
|
14
|
DISCLOSURE
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
|
60
|
|
15
|
CHANGES
IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
|
61
|
|
16
|
PROPOSED
TRANSACTIONS
|
61
|
|
17
|
DISCLOSURE
OF OUTSTANDING SHARE DATA
|
62
|
|
18
|
OFF-BALANCE
SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
|
62
|
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
This
Management’s Discussion and Analysis (this
“MD&A”) of
Silver Elephant Mining Corp. (formerly
Prophecy Development Corp.) and its subsidiaries (the
“Company” or
“Silver
Elephant”, or ‘ELEF”) was prepared by management
as at November 15, 2021 and was reviewed, approved, and authorized
for issue by the Company’s Audit Committee. The following
discussion of performance, financial condition and future prospects
should be read in conjunction with the condensed interim
consolidated financial statements of the Company and notes thereto
for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, prepared in
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards
(“IFRS”)
applicable to the preparation of interim financial statements,
including International Accounting Standard (“IAS”) 34 Interim Financial
Reporting, as issued by the International Accounting Standards
Board. This MD&A should be read in conjunction with the audited
annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended
December 31, 2020, which were prepared in accordance with IFRS (the
“Annual
Financial Statements”), and the related annual
Management’s Discussion and Analysis (the “Annual MD&A”) dated March 12,
2021, as well as the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F, dated
March 12, 2021 (the “2020 Annual Report”), all of which are
available under the Company’s SEDAR profile at
www.sedar.com.
The
information provided herein supplements but does not form part of
the financial statements. Financial
information is expressed in Canadian dollars, unless stated
otherwise. All references to "$" or "dollars" in this MD&A
refer to Canadian dollars. References to "US$" or "USD" in this
MD&A refer to United States dollars. Readers are cautioned that
this MD&A contains “forward-looking statements” and
that actual events may vary from management’s expectations.
Readers are encouraged to read the cautionary note contained herein
regarding such forward-looking statements. Information on risks
associated with investing in the Company’s securities, as
well as information about mineral resources under National
Instrument 43-101 – Standards
of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43-101”)
are contained in the 2020 Annual Report which is available
under the Company’s SEDAR profile at
www.sedar.com.
Description of Business
The
Company amalgamated under the laws of the Province of British
Columbia, Canada. The Company’s Common Shares (the
"Common Shares”, and
each, a “Common
Share”) are listed for trading on the Toronto Stock
Exchange (the “TSX”) under the symbol
“ELEF” and on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange under the
symbol “1P2N” and are quoted on the OTCQX under the
symbol “SILEF”.
Silver
Elephant Mining Corp. is a mineral exploration and development
stage company. The Company's principal projects are the Pulacayo
Paca silver-lead-zinc property located in the Potosí
Department, Antonnio Quijarro Province, Bolivia (the "Pulacayo Project") and the Gibellini
vanadium project, which is comprised of the Gibellini and Louie
Hill vanadium deposits and associated claims located in the State
of Nevada, USA (the "Gibellini
Project").
Pulacayo Project
The
Pulacayo Project comprises seven mining areas covering an area of
approximately 3,560 hectares of contiguous areas centered on the
historical Pulacayo mine and town site. The Pulacayo Project is
located 18 kilometers east of the town of Uyuni in the Department
of Potosí, in southwestern Bolivia. It is located 460
kilometers south-southeast of the national capital of La Paz and
150 kilometers southwest of the City of Potosí, which is the
administrative capital of the department. The Pulacayo Project is
fully permitted with secured social licenses for
mining.
The
Pulacayo Project mining rights are recognized by two legally
independent contractual arrangements, one covering all, except the
Apuradita deposit, from a mining production contract (the
"Pulacayo MPC") between the
Company and the Corporación Minera de Bolivia ("COMIBOL"), a Bolivian state mining
company, and the original holder of the rights, executed on October
3, 2019. The Pulacayo MPC grants the Company the 100% exclusive
right to develop and mine at the Pulacayo and Paca concessions for
up to 30 years against certain royalty payments. It is comparable
to a mining license in Canada or the United States. In connection
with the Apuradita deposit, its rights are covered by a second
contractual arrangement, with the Bolivian Jurisdictional Mining
Authority, acting for the Government of Bolivia, which is in
process of formalization, as a mean of recognition of the acquired
rights to what was originally the mining concession. Until such
time as the contract is formalized, all mining rights, as
recognized in the Bolivian Mining Law 535, can be exercised by the
holder of the ex-concession.
Gibellini Project
The
Company holds, as a claim holder or through leasehold assignments,
a 100% interest in the claims comprising the Gibellini Project,
which the Company aims to make the first operating primary vanadium
mine in North America. The Gibellini Project is situated on the
south east flank of the Fish Creek Range in the Fish Creek Mining
District, about 25 miles south of Eureka, Nevada.
The
Gibellini Project consists of a total of 601 unpatented lode mining
claims that includes: the Gibellini group of 40 claims, the VC
Exploration group of 105 claims, and the Company group of 456
claims, which includes 201 Bisoni claims. The Gibellini Project is
located in Eureka County, Nevada, as well as 22 of the Bisoni group
of claims, with the remaining 179 claims extending from the Eureka
country border southwest into Nye County, Nevada.
The
Company is working to bring the Gibellini Project into production
in order to address the supply-demand gap for vanadium projected to
2023. The projected demand is largely driven by higher rebar
standards imposed by the Chinese government which is intensified by
increasing demand for vanadium redox flow storage batteries. The
supply is restricted by China’s improved
environmental-standards on its vanadium mining and processing. The
supply-demand gap is expected to affect all uses of vanadium
including steel manufacture, high tech applications and large
capacity vanadium redox flow batteries.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
The
Company's marketing efforts have mostly been in assessing the
reasons and sources of demand, but the Company has also conducted
concept-level negotiations for supplying vanadium from the
Gibellini Project to traders and battery manufacturers. As the
Gibellini Project develops and more reliable information concerning
timing, volume and quality become available, the Company is
expected to increase its marketing efforts. The Company will be
primarily competing with other mining projects that produce
zinc-silver concentrate, lead-silver concentrate, nickel
concentrate vanadium pentoxide and thermal coal.
Other Projects
The
Company also owns or holds 100% interests in each of the following
projects: (a) the El Triunfo gold-silver-lead-zinc project in
Bolivia, (b) the Minago nickel project in Manitoba, Canada (the
"Minago Project"), (c) the
Titan vanadium-titanium-iron project located in Ontario, Canada,
(d) the Ulaan Ovoo coal project located in Selenge Province,
Mongolia, and (e) the Chandgana Khavtgai and Tal coal projects,
located in Khentii Province, Mongolia (collectively, the
"Projects"). An additional
project located in Bolivia known as the Sunawayo silver-lead mining
project (the “Sunawayo
Project”) is currently paused in order to determine
the vendors compliance status with Bolivia’s regulatory
authorities. At this time, the Company does not consider any of the
Projects to be material to the Company for the purposes of
NI 43- 101.
General Corporate Information:
|
At
September 30, 2021, and November 15, 2021, the Company had: (i)
223,732,673 and 236,559,037 Common Shares issued and outstanding,
respectively; (ii) 16,027,500 stock options, each exercisable for
the purchase of one Common Share, outstanding; (iii) 15,972,134 and
16,113,134 Common Share
purchase warrants, each exercisable for the purchase of one Common
Share, outstanding, respectively.
|
Transfer Agent and Registrar
Computershare
Investor Services Inc.
3rd Floor, 510 Burrard
Street,
Vancouver, BC,
Canada, V6C 3B9
Tel: +1
(604) 661-9400
|
|
|
|
|
Investor and Contact Information
All
financial reports, news releases and corporate information can be
accessed by visiting the Company’s website at:
www.silverelef.com.
Investor
& Media requests and queries: Email:
ir@silverelef.com
|
Head Office and Registered Office
Suite
1610 - 409 Granville Street,
Vancouver, BC,
Canada, V6C 1T2
Tel: +1
(604) 569-3661
|
Directors and Officers
As at
the date of this MD&A, The Company’s directors and
officers were as follows:
|
Directors
|
Officers
|
|
John
Lee (Chief Executive Officer and Executive Chairman)
|
Ronald
Espell, Vice-President, Environment and Sustainability
Danniel
Oosterman, Vice-President, Exploration
|
|
Greg
Hall
|
Joaquin
Merino-Marquez,Vice-President, South American
Operations
|
|
Masa
Igata
|
Irina
Plavutska, Chief Financial Officer
|
|
Marc
Leduc
|
Robert
Van Drunen, Chief Operating Officer
|
|
|
|
|
Audit Committee
|
Corporate Governance and Compensation Committee
|
|
Greg
Hall (Chair)
|
Greg
Hall (Chair)
|
|
Masa
Igata
|
Masa
Igata
|
|
Marc
Leduc
|
Marc
Leduc
|
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Qualified Persons
Danniel
Oosterman, B.Sc.(Hons), P.Geo., is a “qualified person”
within the meaning of NI 43-101 (a "Qualified Person"). Mr. Oosterman serves
as the Company’s Vice-President, Exploration and Qualified
Person. He is not considered independent of the Company given the
large extent that his professional time is dedicated solely to the
Company. Mr. Oosterman has reviewed and approved the technical and
scientific disclosure regarding the mineral properties of the
Company contained in this MD&A.
2.
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING
STATEMENTS
Certain statements contained in this MD&A constitute
"forward-looking statements" within the meaning of United States
securities laws and "forward-looking information" within the
meaning of Canadian securities laws and are intended to be covered
by the safe harbors provided by such regulations (such
forward-looking statements and forward-looking information are
collectively referred to herein as "forward-looking statements"). These
forward looking statements concerns matters anticipated
developments in the Company’s continuing and future
operations in the United States, Canada, Bolivia and Mongolia, and
the adequacy of the Company’s financial resources and
financial projections.
Forward-looking statements in this MD&A are frequently, but not
always, identified by words such as "expects", "anticipates",
"intends", "believes", "estimates", "potentially" or similar
expressions, or statements that events, conditions or results
"will", "may", "would", "could" or "should" occur or are "to be"
achieved, and statements related to matters which are not
historical facts. Information concerning management's expectations
regarding the Company's future growth, results of operations,
performance, business prospects and opportunities may also be
deemed to be forward-looking statements, as such information
constitutes predictions based on certain factors, estimates and
assumptions subject to significant business, economic, competitive
and other uncertainties and contingencies, and involve known and
unknown risks which may cause the actual results, performance, or
achievements to be different from future results, performance, or
achievements contained in the forward- looking statements. Such
forward-looking statements include but are not limited to
statements regarding the Company's planned and future exploration
and/or development of the Pulacayo Project, the Gibellini Project
and the Titan Project; permitting and feasibility of the Gibellini
Project; the volatility of the novel coronavirus ("COVID-19") outbreak as a global
pandemic; political instability and social unrest in Bolivia and
other jurisdictions where the Company operates; the Revised Pulacayo Technical Report
(as defined herein), including the anticipated filing thereof; the
Company's goals regarding exploration, and development of, and
production from its projects, and regarding raising capital and
conducting further exploration and developments of its properties;
the Company's future business plans; the Company's future financial
and operating performance; the future price of silver, lead, zinc,
vanadium and other metals; expectations regarding any environmental
issues that may affect planned or future exploration and
development programs and the potential impact of complying with
existing and proposed environmental laws and regulations; the
ability to obtain or maintain any required permits, licenses or
other necessary approvals for the exploration or development of the
Company's projects; government regulation of mineral exploration
and development operations in Bolivia and other relevant
jurisdictions; the Company's reliance on key management personnel,
advisors and consultants; the volatility of global financial
markets; the timing and amount of estimated future operating and
exploration expenditures; the costs and timing of the development
of new deposits; the continuation of the Company as a going
concern; the likelihood of securing project financing; the impacts
of changes in the legal and regulatory environment in which the
Company operates; the timing and possible outcome of any pending
litigation and regulatory matters; and other information concerning
possible or assumed future results of the Company's operations,
including: estimated future coal production at the Chandgana Tal,
Ulaan Ovoo and Khavtgai Uul coal properties, and other information
concerning possible or assumed future results of operations of the
Company. Refer to Section 4 – Property Summary.
Statements relating to mineral resources are deemed to be
forward-looking statements, as they involve the implied assessment,
based on certain estimates and assumptions, that the mineral
resources described exist in the quantities predicted or estimated
and may be profitably produced in the future. Estimated values of
future net revenue do not represent fair market value. There is no
certainty that it will be commercially viable to produce any
portion of the mineral resources.
Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance
and are based upon a number of estimates and assumptions of
management at the date the statements are made including, among
other things, the following: timely receipt of regulatory and
governmental approvals (including licenses and permits) for the
development, construction and production of the Company's
properties and projects; there being no significant disruptions
affecting operations, whether due to labour disruptions, COVID 19
or other causes; currency exchange rates being approximately
consistent with current levels; certain price assumptions for
silver, lead, zinc, vanadium and other metals; prices for and
availability of fuel and electricity; parts and equipment and other
key supplies remaining consistent with current levels and prices;
production forecasts meeting expectations; the accuracy of the
Company's current mineral resource estimates and of any
metallurgical testing completed to date; labour and materials costs
increasing on a basis consistent with the Company's current
expectations; any additional required financing being available on
reasonable terms; market developments and trends in global supply
and demand for silver, lead, zinc, nickel, vanadium and other
metals meeting expectations; favourable operating conditions;
political stability; access to necessary financing; stability of
labour markets and in market conditions in general; and estimates
of costs and expenditures to complete the Company's programs. The
Company has no assurance that any of these assumptions will prove
to be correct.
Many of these assumptions are inherently subject to significant
business, social, economic, political, regulatory, competitive and
other risks and uncertainties, contingencies, and other factors
that are not within the control of the Company and could thus cause
actual performance, achievements, actions, events, results or
conditions to be materially different from those projected in the
forward-looking statements. Furthermore, such forward-looking
statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other
factors which may cause the actual results, performance or
achievements of the Company to be materially different from those
reflected in the forward-looking statements, whether expressed or
implied. Such factors include, among others, the following: the
Company is an exploration stage company; the cost, timing and
amount of estimated future capital, operating exploration,
acquisition, development and reclamation activities; the volatility
of the market price of the Common Shares; judgment of management
when exercising discretion in the use of proceeds from offerings of
securities; sales of a significant number of Common Shares in the
public markets, or the perception of such sales, could depress the
market price of the Common Shares; potential dilution with the
issuance of additional Common Shares; none of the properties in
which the Company has a material interest have mineral reserves;
estimates of mineral resources are based on interpretation and
assumptions and are inherently imprecise; the Company has not
received any material revenue or net profit to date; exploration,
development and production risks; no history of profitable mineral
production; actual capital costs, operating costs, production and
economic returns may differ significantly from those the Company
has anticipated; foreign operations and political condition risks
and uncertainties; legal and political risk; amendments to local
laws; the ability to obtain, maintain or renew underlying licenses
and permits; title to mineral properties; environmental risks;
competitive conditions in the mineral exploration and mining
business; availability of adequate infrastructure; the ability of
the Company to retain its key management and employees and the
impact of shortages of skilled personnel and contractors; limits of
insurance coverage and uninsurable risk; reliance on third party
contractors; the availability of additional financing on reasonable
terms or at all; foreign exchange risk; impact of anti-corruption
legislation; recent global financial conditions; changes to the
Company's dividend policy; conflicts of interest; cyber security
risks; litigation and regulatory proceedings; the obligations which
the Company must satisfy in order to maintain its interests in its
properties; the influence of third-party stakeholders; the
Company's relationships with the communities in which it operates;
human error; the speculative nature of mineral exploration and
development in general, including the risk of diminishing
quantities or grades of mineralization; and other risks and the
factors discussed under the heading "Key Information - Risk
Factors" in the 2020 Annual Report and in analogous disclosure in
other disclosure documents of the Company
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
The foregoing list is not exhaustive and additional factors may
affect any of the Company's forward looking statements. Although
the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could
cause actual performance, achievements, actions, events, results or
conditions to differ materially from those described in
forward-looking statements, there may be other factors that cause
performance, achievements, actions, events, results or conditions
to differ from those anticipated, estimated or
intended.
These
forward‐looking
statements, may involve, but are not limited to, statements with
respect to future events or future performance, the completion and
structure of the Arrangement, the realization of the anticipated
benefits deriving from the Company’s or Battery Metals
Royalties’ investments, the general performance of the assets
of the Company and Battery Metals Royalties, and the results of
exploration, development and production activities as well as
expansions projects relating to the properties of the Company
and/or in which the Company and/or Battery Metals Royalties will
hold a royalty, stream or other interest. Such forward-looking
statements, which reflect management’s expectations regarding
the Company’s future growth, results of operations,
performance, and business prospects and opportunities, are based on
certain factors and assumptions, including, without limitation,
management’s perceptions of historical trends; current
conditions; expected future developments; the ongoing operation of
the properties of the Company and/or in which the Company and/or
Battery Metals Royalties will hold a royalty, stream or other
interest by the operators of such properties in a manner consistent
with past practice; the accuracy of public statements and
disclosures made by the operators of such underlying properties; no
material adverse change in the market price of the commodities that
underlie the asset portfolio; no adverse development in respect of
any significant property of the Company and/or in which the Company
and/or Battery Metals Royalties will hold a royalty, stream or
other interest; the accuracy of expectations for the development of
underlying properties that are not yet in production; and the
absence of any other factors that could cause actions, events or
results to differ from those anticipated, estimated or intended,
and involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties which may
cause the actual results, performance, or achievements to be
materially different from future results, performance, or
achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking
statements.
These
forward‐looking
statements, may involve, but are not limited to, statements with
respect to future events or future performance, the completion and
structure of the Arrangement, anticipated shareholder, court and
regulatory approvals, the realization of the anticipated benefits
deriving by any entity from the Arrangement or from the
Company’s or any SpinCo’s assets or investments, the
general performance of the assets of the Company and any SpinCo,
and the results of exploration, development and production
activities as well as expansions projects relating to the
properties of the Company and/or any SpinCo and/or in which the
Company and/or any SpinCo will hold a royalty, stream or other
interest. Such forward-looking statements, which reflect
management’s expectations regarding the Company’s
future growth, results of operations, performance, and business
prospects and opportunities, are based on certain factors and
assumptions, including, without limitation, management’s
perceptions of historical trends; current conditions; expected
future developments; the ongoing operation of the properties of the
Company and/or any SpinCo and/or in which the Company and/or any
SpinCo will hold a royalty, stream or other interest by the
operators of such properties in a manner consistent with past
practice; the accuracy of public statements and disclosures made by
the operators of such underlying properties; no material adverse
change in the market price of the commodities that underlie the
asset portfolio; no adverse development in respect of any
significant property of the Company and/or any SpinCo and/or in
which the Company and/or any SpinCo will hold a royalty, stream or
other interest; the accuracy of expectations for the development of
underlying properties that are not yet in production; and the
absence of any other factors that could cause actions, events or
results to differ from those anticipated, estimated or intended,
and involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties which may
cause the actual results, performance, or achievements to be
materially different from future results, performance, or
achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking
statements. Forward‐looking
statements are not guarantees of performance.
The forward-looking statements contained herein are made as of the
date of this MD&A and the Company disclaims any obligation to
update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a
result of new information, future events or results or otherwise,
except as required by applicable law. There can be no assurance
that forward-looking statements will prove to be accurate, as
actual results and future events could differ materially from those
anticipated in such statements. Accordingly, readers should not
place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. All
forward-looking statements attributable to the Company are
expressly qualified by these cautionary statements.
3.
THIRD QUARTER HIGHLIGHTS AND SIGNIFICANT
EVENTS
●
On July 6, 2021, the Company announced results of
a new mineral resource estimate (“MRE”) for the Minago Project. The MRE
has an effective date of July 2, 2021 and includes a Measured and
Indicated mineral resource of 722 million lbs of contained nickel
and an Inferred mineral resource of 319 million lbs of contained
nickel. All resources occur within a mineral lease that is
surrounded by 94 mineral claims plus a second mineral lease held by
the Company, comprising a total area of 197 km2. The MRE was
prepared by Mercator Geological Services Limited
(“Mercator”).
AGP Mining Consultants (“AGP”) provided pit optimization
and associated services. Stantec Ltd. (“Stantec”) provided site visit and
professional support on environmental permitting review. All three
firms are independent of Silver Elephant as defined under NI
43-101.
●
On
July 7, 2021, the Company announced an update regarding the updated
Environmental Act License for the Minago Project which is expected
to be issued by the end of 2021 and the Company’s initiatives
to minimize the carbon footprint of potential mining operations at
Minago.
●
On
July 19, 2021, the Company announced the appointment of Peter
Lightfoot as a Technical Advisor for the Minago
Project.
●
On August 23, 2021, the Company announced filing
of independent Technical Report titled “NI 43-101 Technical
Report on the Mineral Resource Estimate for the Minago Nickel
Project” (the “Report") with a report date of
August 20, 2021 and an effective date of July 2, 2021. The Report
was prepared by Mercator. AGP provided pit optimization and
associated services. Stantec provided site visit and professional
support on environmental permitting review. The report has been
filed under the Company’s SEDAR profile at
www.sedar.com.
●
On August 26, 2021, the Company
announced that it has executed a plan of arrangement under
the Business
Corporations Act (British Columbia) pursuant to which,
it shall
i.
complete a
consolidation of the outstanding share capital of ELEF whereby each
10 pre-consolidation ELEF share shall be exchanged for one
post-consolidation ELEF share;
ii.
transfer certain
royalties presently held by ELEF in certain projects into its own
entity Battery Metals Royalties Corp., a wholly owned subsidiary of
ELEF;
iii.
spin-out of the
Minago Project into its own entity Flying Nickel Mining Corp., a
wholly owned subsidiary of ELEF;
iv.
and spin-out the
Gibellini Project into its own entity, Nevada Vanadium Mining
Corp., a wholly owned subsidiary of ELEF (See Note 4).
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
●
On August 26, 2021,
the Company announced that
it has entered into 2% royalty agreements whereby the Company now
holds a 2% royalty over each of the Company’s key projects
(the “Royalties”),
and, in connection with the announced spin-out and the plan of
arrangement, such Royalties will be transferred into Battery Metals
Royalties Corp.
●
On August 30, 2021, the Company
announced the results of a
preliminary economic assessment (the “2021
PEA”) for the
Gibellini Project that demonstrates an after-tax internal rate of
return (“IRR”)
of 25.4%, and after-tax cumulative cash flow of $260.8 million,
assuming an average vanadium pentoxide (V2O5)
price of $10.00 per pound. The 2021 PEA was prepared by Wood Group
USA, Inc. and Mine Technical Services Ltd. and available
under the Company’s SEDAR profile at www.sedar.com.
●
On August 30, 2021, the
Company reported drilling at the Pulacayo Projects
continued past 1,972m of its previously announced 2,000 m drill
program and Triunfo Project grab samples assayed up to 294 g/t
silver.
●
On September 13, 2021, the Company reported
that all
proposed resolutions were approved at the Company’s Annual
General and Special Meeting of shareholders held on September 10,
2021.
●
On September 23, 2021, the Company closed the
first tranche (the “1st
Closing) of its non-brokered private placement offering
of 15,000,000 Common Shares at a price per Common Share of $0.22
for aggregate gross proceeds of $3,300,000 (the
“September 2021
Placement”). Pursuant to
the 1st
Closing, the Company issued an
aggregate of 4,173,632 Common Shares for aggregate gross proceeds
from the 1st
Closing of $918,199. In connection
with the 1st
Closing, the Company paid $46,872 in
cash and issued 213,054 common share purchase warrants
(“Finder’s
Warrants”) to certain
finders as finder’s fees. Each Finder’s Warrant is
exercisable to acquire one Common Share of the Company at a price
of $0.26 until September 22, 2022.
●
The
Company further announced that pursuant to the terms of the
Company’s Share-Based Compensation Plan as approved at its
Annual General Meeting of shareholders held on September 10, 2021,
it has granted in aggregate, 6,500,000 incentive stock options to
certain directors, officers, employees and consultants of the
Company. The stock options are exercisable at a price of $0.26 per
Common Share for a term of five years expiring on September 22,
2026, and vest at 12.5% per quarter for the first two years
following the date of grant.
●
On
September 27, 2021, the Company appointed Robert Van Drunen as the
Company’s Chief Operating Officer.
Subsequent to period end
●
On October 14, 2021, the Company announced filing
of its independent Technical Report titled “Gibellini
Vanadium Project, Eureka County, Nevada, NI 43-101 Technical Report
on Preliminary Economic Assessment Update” dated October 8,
2021, and an effective date of August 30, 2021.
●
On October 22,
2021, the Company closed the second tranche (“2nd
Closing”) of the
September 2021 Placement through the issuance of 4,173,632 Common
Shares for aggregate gross proceeds from the 2nd Closing of
$1,025,800. In connection with the 2nd Closing, the
Company paid $31,020 in cash and issued 141,000 Finder’s
Warrants to certain finders as finder’s fees.
●
On October 26,
2021, ELEF announced the terms of the NickelCo financing. The
NickelCo will raise proceeds of up to $7,000,000 through the
issuance of:
(i)
up to 5,000,000
subscription receipts of NickelCo (each, a “Non-FT Subscription Receipt”) at a
price of $0.70 per Non-FT Subscription Receipt for gross proceeds
of up to $3,500,000 from the sale of Non-FT Subscription Receipts;
and
(ii)
flow-through
eligible subscription receipts of NickelCo (each, a
“FT Subscription
Receipt”, and collectively with the Non-FT
Subscription Receipts, the “Offered Securities”) at a price of
$0.77 per FT Subscription Receipt.
Upon
satisfaction of certain escrow release conditions, the subscription
receipts will be deemed exercised without payment of additional
consideration as follows:
(i)
each non-FT
subscription receipt shall be automatically converted into one unit
of NickelCo (a “Unit”). Each Unit will consist of
one common share of NickelCo and one half of one common share
purchase warrant (a “Warrant”). Each whole Warrant
shall entitle the holder to purchase one common share of NickelCo
at a price of $1.00 at any time on or before that date which is 24
months after the date of issuance of the Units.
(ii)
Each FT
subscription receipt shall be automatically converted into one
common share of NickelCo to be issued as a “flow-through
share” within the meaning of the Income Tax Act
(Canada).
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
The
net proceeds of the NickelCo will be used for the exploration and
advancement of the Minago Project as well as for general working
capital purposes.
●
On November 15,
2021, the Company closed the third and final tranche
(“3rd
Closing”) of the
September 2021 Placement which was upsized up to 17,000,000 Common
Shares through the issuance of 8,163,640 Common Shares for
aggregate gross proceeds from the 3rd Closing of
$1,796,000. No fees were paid in connection with the 3rd
Closing.
The
proceeds from the September 2021 Placement are expected to be used
for the Company’s mineral project development and for general
working capital purposes.
For
further information please view the Company’s 2021 news
releases available under the Company’s SEDAR profile at
www.sedar.com.
On
August 26, 2021, ELEF announced that it has executed a plan of
arrangement, as amended November 8, 2021 (the “Arrangement”) under the Business
Corporations Act (British Columbia) pursuant to which it
shall:
i.
complete a
consolidation of the outstanding share capital of ELEF whereby each
10 pre-consolidation ELEF share shall be exchanged for one
post-consolidation ELEF share;
ii.
transfer certain
royalties presently held by ELEF in certain projects into its own
entity, SpinCo 3 (“RoyaltyCo”), a wholly owned
subsidiary of ELEF;
iii.
spin-out its
Manitoba based Minago Nickel project mineral property assets
(“Minago”) into
its own entity, SpinCo 1 (“NickelCo”), a wholly owned
subsidiary of ELEF;
iv.
and spin-out its
Nevada based Gibellini Vanadium project mineral property assets
(“Gibellini”)
into its own entity, SpinCo 2 (“VanadiumCo”), a wholly owned
subsidiary of ELEF.
ELEF
will transfer assets, as described above, to each SpinCo in
consideration for the following:
●
NickelCo will
purchase the Minago assets from ELEF in exchange for the issuance
of NickelCo shares and the assumption of certain liabilities
related to the underlying assets;
●
RoyaltyCo will
purchase the royalties from ELEF in exchange for the issuance of
RoyaltyCo shares;
●
Nevada Vanadium
Mining Corp. (“NVMC”) will purchase the Gibellini
assets from ELEF in exchange for the issuance of NVMC shares and
the assumption of certain liabilities related to the underlying
assets;
●
VanadiumCo will
purchase the NVMC shares from ELEF in exchange for the issuance of
VanadiumCo shares;
●
and RoyaltyCo will
purchase certain of the outstanding shares of both VanadiumCo and
NickelCo in exchange for the issuance of RoyaltyCo
shares.
Upon
completion of the Arrangement, it is currently expected that ELEF
and each SpinCo will focus on its corresponding core business
with:
●
ELEF holding a 100%
interest in its Pulacayo silver and El Triunfo gold-silver projects
in Bolivia, and approximately 33% of the Royalties SpinCo shares as
a long-term investment;
●
VanadiumCo holding
a 100% interest in the Gibellini Vanadium project in
Nevada;
●
NickelCo holding a
100% interest in the Minago nickel project at Thompson nickel belt
in Manitoba;
●
and RoyaltyCo
holding certain royalties related to each of the transferred assets
referenced above and approximately 54% of the NickelCo shares and
approximately 54% of the VanadiumCo shares as a long-term
investment.
Subject
to applicable laws, the policies of and approval by the TSX, the
receipt of ELEF’s shareholder approval and court approval,
and satisfaction of other closing conditions, it is presently
expected that, pursuant to the Arrangement:
i.
the authorized
share capital of ELEF shall be reorganized and its articles amended
by the creation of an unlimited number of Class A
Shares;
ii.
and each ELEF
shareholder (“Shareholder“) will exchange each
post-Consolidation ELEF share to receive: one share of each of
NickelCo and VanadiumCo; two shares of RoyaltyCo; and one Class A
share of ELEF
Holders
of outstanding ELEF warrants (the “Warrants”) after the Record Date
will be entitled to receive, upon exercise of each such Warrant at
the same original exercise price and in accordance with the terms
of such Warrant, one share of each of NickelCo and VanadiumCo.; two
shares of the RoyaltyCo; and one Class A share of
ELEF.
Holders
of outstanding ELEF options (the “Options”) after the Record Date
will be entitled to receive, upon exercise of each such Option at
the same original exercise price and in accordance with the terms
of such Option, one share of each of NickelCo and VanadiumCo.; two
shares of the RoyaltyCo; and one Class A share of
ELEF.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
While
the foregoing has been prepared on the basis that no additional
securities of each SpinCo will be issued, it is presently expected
that each SpinCo will complete a financing in connection with the
Arrangement to provide for working capital and other corporate
purposes (see Note 20).
There
can be no assurance that the Arrangement will be completed on the
terms described herein or that the proposed public listings of the
SpinCos will be completed.
On
October 26, 2021, the Company announced the terms of the NickelCo
financing. The NickelCo will raise proceeds of up to $7,000,000
through the issuance of:
(ii)
up to 5,000,000
subscription receipts of the NickelCo (each, a “Non-FT Subscription Receipt”) at a
price of $0.70 per Non-FT Subscription Receipt for gross proceeds
of up to $3,500,000 from the sale of Non-FT Subscription Receipts;
and
(iii)
flow-through
eligible subscription receipts of the Company (each, a
“FT Subscription
Receipt”, and collectively with the Non-FT
Subscription Receipts, the “Offered Securities”) at a price of
$0.77 per FT Subscription Receipt.;
Upon
satisfaction of certain escrow release conditions, the subscription
receipts will be deemed exercised without payment of additional
consideration as follows:
(ii)
each non-FT
subscription receipt shall be automatically converted into one unit
of the Company (a “Unit”). Each unit will consist of
one common share of NickelCo and one half of one common share
purchase warrant (a “Warrant”). Each whole Warrant
shall entitle the holder to purchase one common share of NickelCo
at a price of $1.00 at any time on or before that date which is 24
months after the date of issuance of the Units.
(iii)
Each FT
subscription receipt shall be automatically converted into one
common share of NickelCo to be issued as a “flow-through
share” within the meaning of the Income Tax Act
(Canada).
The net proceeds of the NickelCo Financing will be used for the exploration and advancement
of the Minago Project as well as for general working capital
purposes. The Nickel Co Financing is subject to the TSX
approval.
DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS
This
MD&A contains a number of technical terms relating to
exploration and resource development that may be unfamiliar to a
general reader. The following definitions are provided for
reference and clarification, and reflect their common use and
understanding in the mining industry:
“deposit”
means a mineral deposit which is a mineralized mass that may be
economically valuable, but whose characteristics may require more
detailed information. Mineral resources are calculated from
geological data collected from deposits, however, deposits do not
necessarily reflect the presence of mineral resources.
“mineral
resource” means
a concentration or
occurrence of natural, solid, inorganic, or fossilized organic
material in or on the Earth’s crust in such form and quantity
and of such a grade or quality that it has reasonable prospects for
economic extraction. The location, quantity, grade, geological
characteristics, and continuity of a mineral resource are known,
estimated, or interpreted from specific geological evidence and
knowledge. Mineral resources are sub-divided, in order of
increasing geological confidence, into Inferred, Indicated,
and Measured categories.
Note that the confidence level in Inferred Mineral
Resources is insufficient to allow the application of
technical and economic parameters or to enable an evaluation of
economic viability worthy of public disclosure. Regardless of
category, a mineral resource is estimated through
application of the guidelines of the Canadian Institute of Mining,
Metallurgy and Petroleum Standards for Mineral Resources and
Reserves: Definitions and Guidelines, as amended in 2014. A
“historic” mineral resource estimate refers to a
mineral resource estimate of the quantity, grade, or metal or
mineral content of a deposit that the Company has not verified as
current, and which was prepared before the Company acquired or
entered into an agreement to acquire, an interest in the property
that contains the deposit.
“project”,
as used in the context of the Pulacayo Project, the
Gibellini Project, the
Triunfo Project, the Sunawayo Project and the Titan Project defined
in this MD&A, refers to a mineral project which, pursuant to NI
43-101, means any exploration, development or production activity,
including a royalty or similar interest in these activities with
respect to base metals, precious metals or industrial metals as it
applies to the Company.
“property”
refers to land concessions for which the Company holds mineral
rights to conduct its activities.
“Qualified
Person” means,
pursuant to NI 43-101, an individual who is an engineer or
geoscientist with at least five years experience in mineral
exploration, mine development or operation, or mineral project
assessment. This individual is a member or licensee in good
standing of a professional association and has to have relevant
experience of the subject matter of the mineral project and the
technical report.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
PULACAYO PROJECT, BOLIVIA
The
scientific and technical information in this section of this
MD&A that specifically relates to the current Pulacayo Project
mineral resource estimates for the Pulacayo and Paca deposits has
been extracted or summarized from the Pulacayo Technical Report.
Additional information presented below that pertains to the
Pulacayo Project but does not specifically appear in the Pulacayo
Technical Report has been provided by the Company. The Pulacayo
Technical Report is available under the Company’s SEDAR
profile at www.sedar.com.
The
Company filed an amended Pulacayo Technical Report on November 17,
2020. The Amended Pulacayo Technical Report was filed by the
Company with Canadian securities regulatory authorities in
connection with the filing of the final short form prospectus of
the Company in relation to the Offering.
The
Pulacayo Project consists of many licenses within which are located
the Pulacayo and Paca mineral deposits, several areas of potential
mineralization and historic tailings piles.
The
Pulacayo Project mining rights are recognized by two legally
independent contractual arrangements, one covering all, except the
Apuradita mining concession, from the Pulacayo MPC between the
Company and COMIBOL, a Bolivian state mining company, and the
original holder of the rights, executed on October 3, 2019. The
Pulacayo MPC grants the Company the 100% exclusive right to develop
and mine at the Pulacayo and Paca mineral deposits for up to 30
years against certain royalty payments. It is comparable to a
mining license in Canada or the United States. In connection with
the Apuradita mining concession, its rights are covered by a second
contractual arrangement, with the Bolivian Jurisdictional Mining
Authority, acting for the State, which is in process of
formalization, as a mean of recognition of the acquired rights to
what was originally the mining concession. Until such time as the
contract is formalized, all mining rights, as recognized in the
Bolivian Mining Law 535, can be exercised by the holder of the
ex-concession.
The
Pulacayo Project comprises seven mining concessions covering an
area of approximately 3,560 hectares of contiguous areas centered
on the historical Pulacayo mine and town site. The Pulacayo Project
is located 18 kilometers east of the town of Uyuni in the
Department of Potosí, in southwestern Bolivia. It is located
460 kilometers south-southeast of the national capital of La Paz
and 150 kilometers southwest of the City of Potosí, which is
the administrative capital of the department. The Pulacayo Project
is fully permitted with secured social licenses for
mining.
Mineral Resources and Reserves
The
Pulacayo Technical Report describes mineral resources estimated
following the guidelines of the Canadian Institute of Mining,
Metallurgy and Petroleum Standards for Mineral Resources and
Reserves: Definitions and Guidelines, as amended in 2014 (the
“CIM Standards, 2014”). Two mineral resource
estimates were disclosed according to the requirements of
NI 43-101 for the Pulacayo Project, one for the Pulacayo
deposit and one for the Paca deposit (the “Pulacayo MRE” and “Paca MRE”, respectively, and
collectively referred to herein as the “Mineral Resource Estimate”).
The
Mineral Resource Estimate has an effective date of October 13, 2020
and includes an indicated mineral resource of 106.7 million oz of
silver, 1,384.7 million pounds of zinc, and 693.9 million pounds of
lead, and an inferred mineral resource of 13.1 million oz of
silver, 122.8 million pounds of zinc and 61.9 million pounds of
lead. Apogee Mineral Bolivia S.A., the Company’s wholly owned
Bolivian subsidiary, has invested over US$30 million at the
Pulacayo Project since 2006.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
The
Mineral Resource Estimate was prepared by Mercator under the
supervision of Matthew Harrington, P. Geo., who is an independent
Qualified Person as defined under NI 43-101. A contained metal
summary based on the Mineral Resource Estimate for the Pulacayo
Project is reported below:
Pulacayo Project Mineral Resource Estimate Summary of Total
Contained Metal -
Effective October 13, 2020**
|
Zone
|
Category
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Open Pit
Constrained
|
Indicated
|
47,380,000
|
101.0
|
1,365.0
|
687.5
|
202.0
|
|
Open Pit
Constrained
|
Inferred
|
4,165,000
|
8.0
|
80.3
|
53.5
|
14.3
|
|
Out-of-Pit
|
Indicated
|
660,000
|
5.7
|
19.6
|
6.4
|
6.5
|
|
Out-of-Pit
|
Inferred
|
900,000
|
5.2
|
42.4
|
8.3
|
7.4
|
|
Total:
|
Indicated
|
48,040,000
|
106.7
|
1,384.7
|
693.9
|
208.5
|
|
Total:
|
Inferred
|
5,065,000
|
13.1
|
122.8
|
61.9
|
21.7
|
**Notes:
1.
The Mineral Resource Estimate was prepared in accordance with
NI 43-101, the CIM Definition Standards (2014) and CIM MRMR
Best Practice Guidelines (2019).
2.
*Ag Eq. = silver equivalent (recovered) = (Ag
g/t*89.2%)+((Pb%*(US$0.95/lb. Pb/14.583 Troy oz./lb./US$17 per Troy
oz. Ag)*(10,000*91.9%))+((Zn%*(US$1.16/lb. Zn/14.583 Troy
oz./lb./US$17 per Troy oz. Ag)*(10,000*82.9%)). Sulphide zone metal
recoveries of 89.2% for Ag, 91.9% for Pb, and 82.9% for Zn were
used in the silver equivalent (recovered) equation and reflect
metallurgical testing results disclosed previously for the Pulacayo
deposit. A metal recovery of 80% Ag was used for oxide zone mineral
resources.
3.
Metal prices of US$17/oz Ag, US$0.95/lb Pb, and US$1.16 Zn apply. A
currency exchange rate of CDN$1.00 to US$0.75 applies.
4.
Pit-constrained mineral resources are defined for each deposit
within optimized pit shells with average pit slope angles of
45⁰. The Pulacayo MRE was optimized at a 12.3:1 strip ratio
and the Paca MRE was optimized with at a 4.3: strip
ratio.
5.
Base-case sulfide zone pit optimization parameters include: mining
at US$2.00 per tonne; combined processing and general and
administrative (“G&A”) at US$12.50 per tonne
processed; haulage at US$0.50 per tonne processed for the Pulacayo
deposit and US$2.00 per tonne processed for the Paca
deposit.
6.
Base-case oxide zone pit optimization parameters include: mining at
US$2.00 per tonne; combined processing and G&A at US$23.50 per
tonne processed; haulage at US$0.50 per tonne processed for the
Pulacayo deposit and US$2.00 per tonne processed for the Paca
deposit.
7.
Pit-constrained sulphide zone mineral resources are reported at a
cut-off grade of 30 g/t ag eq. within the optimized pit shells and
pit-constrained oxide zone mineral resources are reported at a
cut-off grade of 50 g/t Ag within the optimized pit shells. Cut-off
grades reflect total operating costs used in pit optimization and
are considered to define reasonable prospects for eventual economic
extraction by open pit mining methods.
8.
Out of pit mineral resources are external to the optimized pit
shells and are reported at a cut-off grade of 100 g/t Ag Eq. They
are considered to have reasonable prospects for eventual economic
extraction using conventional underground methods such as long hole
stoping based on a mining cost of $35 per tonne and processing and
G&A cost of $20 per tonne processed.
9.
“Total” mineral resources for the Pulacayo MRE is the
tonnage-weighted average summation of pit-constrained and
out-of-pit Pulacayo deposit mineral resources.
10.
“Total” mineral resources for the Mineral Resource
Estimate is the tonnage-weighted average summation of the total
Pulacayo MRE and Paca MRE.
11.
Mineral resources were estimated using ordinary Kriging methods
applied to 1 m downhole assay composites capped at 2,300 g/t Ag,
13% Pb and 15% Zn.
12.
Bulk density was interpolated using ordinary Kriging methods for
Pulacayo MRE. An average bulk density of 2.32 g/cm3 or 2.24 g/cm3
was applied to Paca MRE, based on grade domain solid
models.
13.
Mineral resources may be materially affected by environmental,
permitting, legal, title, taxation, sociopolitical, marketing, or
other relevant issues.
14.
Mineral resource tonnages have been rounded to the nearest 5,000;
totals may vary due to rounding.
The
Mineral Resource Estimate is based on estimates of pit-constrained
and out-of-pit mineral resources, details of which are presented in
the following two tables for the Pulacayo and Paca deposits,
respectively. The Pulacayo MRE incorporate 73,016 metres of diamond
drilling (244 surface and 42 underground drill holes). The Paca MRE
incorporates results of 104 diamond drill holes and 6 reverse
circulation drill holes totaling 19,916 meters completed between
2002 and 2020. Geovia Surpac ® Version 2020 was used to create
the Pulacayo Project block models, associated geological and grade
solids, and to interpolate silver-zinc-lead grade. Geovia Whittle
pit optimization software and the PseudoFlow algorithm were applied
for pit shell optimization purposes.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Pulacayo Deposit Combined Pit-Constrained and Out-of-Pit Mineral
Resource Estimate – Effective Date October 13,
2020**
|
Cut -off
Grade
|
Zone
|
Category
|
Rounded
Tonnes
|
Ag
g/t
|
Zn
%
|
Pb
%
|
Ag
Moz
|
Zn
Mlbs
|
Pb
Mlbs
|
*AgEq
Moz
|
*AgEq
g/t
|
|
50 Ag
g/t
|
Oxide
In-Pit
|
Indicated
|
1,090,000
|
125
|
|
|
4.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inferred
|
25,000
|
60
|
|
|
0.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
30
*AgEq g/t
|
Sulfide
In-Pit
|
Indicated
|
24,600,000
|
76
|
1.63
|
0.70
|
60.1
|
884.0
|
379.6
|
123.4
|
156
|
|
Inferred
|
745,000
|
82
|
1.79
|
0.61
|
2.0
|
29.4
|
10.0
|
3.9
|
164
|
|
100
*AgEq g/t
|
Sulfide
Out-of-Pit
|
Indicated
|
660,000
|
268
|
1.35
|
0.44
|
5.7
|
19.6
|
6.4
|
6.5
|
307
|
|
Inferred
|
900,000
|
179
|
2.14
|
0.42
|
5.2
|
42.4
|
8.3
|
7.4
|
257
|
|
Total:
|
Indicated
|
26,350,000
|
|
|
|
70.2
|
903.7
|
386.0
|
133.4
|
|
|
Inferred
|
1,670,000
|
|
|
|
7.2
|
71.8
|
18.4
|
11.4
|
|
Paca Deposit Pit-Constrained Mineral Resource Estimate –
Effective Date October 13, 2020**
|
Cut -off
Grade
|
Zone
|
Category
|
Rounded
Tonnes
|
Ag
g/t
|
Zn
%
|
Pb
%
|
Ag
Moz
|
Zn
Mlbs
|
Pb
Mlbs
|
*AgEq
Moz
|
*AgEq
g/t
|
|
50 Ag
g/t
|
Oxide
In-Pit
|
Indicated
|
1,095,000
|
185
|
|
|
6.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inferred
|
345,000
|
131
|
|
|
1.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
30
*AgEq g/t
|
Sulfide
In-Pit
|
Indicated
|
20,595,000
|
46
|
1.07
|
0.67
|
30.5
|
485.8
|
304.2
|
70.2
|
106
|
|
Inferred
|
3,050,000
|
46
|
0.76
|
0.65
|
4.5
|
51.1
|
43.7
|
9.2
|
94
|
|
Total:
|
Indicated
|
21,690,000
|
|
|
|
37
|
485.8
|
304.2
|
70.2
|
|
|
Inferred
|
3,395,000
|
|
|
|
6
|
51.1
|
43.7
|
9.2
|
|
**See detailed notes on the Mineral Resource Estimate parameters
under preceding Table titled “Pulacayo Project Mineral
Resource Estimate Summary of Total Contained Metal - Effective Date
October 13, 2020”.
Pulacayo Deposit Sensitivity Analysis from October 13th, 2020 Mineral
Resource Estimate
The
sensitivity analysis is shown in the following tables showing
various pit-constrained grade-tonnage scenarios for the Pulacayo
deposit based on a range of cut-off grades for the sulphide and
oxide zones.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Pulacayo Deposit Pit-Constrained Cut-Off Grade Sensitivity Report
for Oxide Zone
|
Cut -off
Grade
|
Category
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30 Ag
g/t
|
Indicated
|
1,760,000
|
92
|
|
|
5.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inferred
|
35,000
|
55
|
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
45 Ag
g/t
|
Indicated
|
1,220,000
|
116
|
|
|
4.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inferred
|
30,000
|
58
|
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
90 Ag
g/t
|
Indicated
|
615,000
|
171
|
|
|
3.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inferred
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
200 Ag
g/t
|
Indicated
|
185,000
|
250
|
|
|
1.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inferred
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
Note: Cut-off grade for pit-constrained oxide mineral resources is
50 g/t Ag.
Pulacayo Deposit Pit-Constrained Cut-Off Grade Sensitivity Report
for Sulfide Zone
|
Cut -off
Grade
|
Category
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30
AgEq g/t
|
Indicated
|
24,600,000
|
76
|
1.63
|
0.7
|
60.1
|
884
|
379.6
|
123.4
|
156
|
|
Inferred
|
745,000
|
82
|
1.79
|
0.61
|
2
|
29.4
|
10
|
3.9
|
164
|
|
45 AgEq
g/t
|
Indicated
|
23,715,000
|
78
|
1.67
|
0.72
|
59.5
|
873.1
|
376.4
|
122
|
160
|
|
Inferred
|
735,000
|
83
|
1.81
|
0.61
|
2
|
29.3
|
9.9
|
3.9
|
166
|
|
90 AgEq
g/t
|
Indicated
|
13,700,000
|
121
|
2.17
|
0.99
|
53.3
|
655.4
|
299
|
100
|
227
|
|
|
Inferred
|
290,000
|
154
|
3.62
|
0.97
|
1.4
|
23.1
|
6.2
|
2.9
|
312
|
|
200 AgEq
g/t
|
Indicated
|
5,385,000
|
249
|
2.75
|
1.54
|
43.1
|
326.5
|
182.8
|
66.3
|
383
|
|
Inferred
|
180,000
|
230
|
4.57
|
1.22
|
1.3
|
18.1
|
4.8
|
2.5
|
426
|
|
400 AgEq
g/t
|
Indicated
|
1,860,000
|
387
|
3.62
|
2.25
|
23.1
|
148.4
|
92.3
|
33.8
|
565
|
|
Inferred
|
105,000
|
297
|
5.29
|
1.46
|
1
|
12.2
|
3.4
|
1.8
|
521
|
Note: Mineral resource estimate cut-off grade bolded.
The
following table shows sensitivity analysis for the Pulacayo deposit
for out-of-pit grade tonnage scenarios:
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Pulacayo Deposit Out-of-Pit Cut-Off Grade Sensitivity Report for
Sulfide Zone
|
Cut -off
Grade
|
Category
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
100
AgEq g/t
|
Indicated
|
660,000
|
268
|
1.35
|
0.44
|
5.7
|
19.6
|
6.4
|
6.5
|
307
|
|
Inferred
|
900,000
|
179
|
2.14
|
0.42
|
5.2
|
42.4
|
8.3
|
7.4
|
257
|
|
150 AgEq
g/t
|
Indicated
|
530,000
|
321
|
1.3
|
0.49
|
5.5
|
15.2
|
5.7
|
6
|
354
|
|
Inferred
|
680,000
|
220
|
2.25
|
0.46
|
4.8
|
33.7
|
6.9
|
6.6
|
300
|
|
200 AgEq
g/t
|
Indicated
|
435,000
|
359
|
1.41
|
0.53
|
5
|
13.5
|
5.1
|
5.5
|
394
|
|
Inferred
|
505,000
|
260
|
2.37
|
0.54
|
4.2
|
26.4
|
6
|
5.6
|
343
|
|
250 AgEq
g/t
|
Indicated
|
350,000
|
397
|
1.53
|
0.59
|
4.5
|
11.8
|
4.6
|
4.9
|
435
|
|
Inferred
|
375,000
|
309
|
2.14
|
0.64
|
3.7
|
17.7
|
5.3
|
4.6
|
381
|
|
300 Ag Eq
g/t
|
Indicated
|
290,000
|
429
|
1.63
|
0.64
|
4
|
10.4
|
4.1
|
4.4
|
468
|
|
Inferred
|
310,000
|
327
|
2.23
|
0.72
|
3.3
|
15.2
|
4.9
|
4
|
403
|
|
350 Ag Eq
g/t
|
Indicated
|
230,000
|
462
|
1.74
|
0.7
|
3.4
|
8.8
|
3.5
|
3.7
|
504
|
|
Inferred
|
225,000
|
358
|
2.18
|
0.85
|
2.6
|
10.8
|
4.2
|
3.1
|
434
|
|
400 Ag Eq
g/t
|
Indicated
|
180,000
|
490
|
1.93
|
0.74
|
2.8
|
7.7
|
2.9
|
3.1
|
538
|
|
Inferred
|
165,000
|
384
|
2.01
|
0.99
|
2
|
7.3
|
3.6
|
2.4
|
455
|
Note: Mineral resource estimate cut-off grade bolded.
Paca Deposit Sensitivity Analysis from October 13th, 2020
MRE
The
Paca deposit is located 7 kilometers north of the Pulacayo deposit.
Sensitivity analysis shown in the following two tables illustrates
various pit-constrained grade-tonnage scenarios at the Paca deposit
based on a range of cut-off grades.
Paca Deposit Pit-Constrained Cut-Off Grade Sensitivity Report for
Oxide Zone
|
Cut -off
Grade
|
Category
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30 Ag
g/t
|
Indicated
|
1,805,000
|
128
|
|
|
7.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inferred
|
500,000
|
102
|
|
|
1.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
45 Ag
g/t
|
Indicated
|
1,225,000
|
170
|
|
|
6.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inferred
|
375,000
|
124
|
|
|
1.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
90 Ag
g/t
|
Indicated
|
800,000
|
231
|
|
|
5.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inferred
|
235,000
|
159
|
|
|
1.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
200 Ag
g/t
|
Indicated
|
420,000
|
311
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inferred
|
55,000
|
285
|
|
|
0.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
400 Ag
g/t
|
Indicated
|
80,000
|
493
|
|
|
1.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inferred
|
5,000
|
459
|
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
|
|
Note: Cut-off grade for pit-constrained oxide mineral resources is
50 g/t Ag.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Paca Deposit Pit-Constrained Cut-Off Grade Sensitivity Report for
Sulfide Zone
|
Cut -off
Grade
|
Category
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30
AgEq g/t
|
Indicated
|
20,595,000
|
46
|
1.07
|
0.67
|
30.5
|
485.8
|
304.2
|
70.2
|
106
|
|
Inferred
|
3,050,000
|
46
|
0.76
|
0.65
|
4.5
|
51.1
|
43.7
|
9.2
|
94
|
|
45 AgEq
g/t
|
Indicated
|
19,315,000
|
48
|
1.11
|
0.69
|
29.8
|
472.7
|
293.8
|
68.3
|
110
|
|
Inferred
|
2,650,000
|
51
|
0.81
|
0.7
|
4.4
|
47.3
|
40.9
|
8.7
|
102
|
|
90 AgEq
g/t
|
Indicated
|
8,600,000
|
87
|
1.38
|
0.95
|
24.1
|
261.6
|
180.1
|
45.4
|
164
|
|
Inferred
|
950,000
|
114
|
0.94
|
0.95
|
3.5
|
19.7
|
19.9
|
5.2
|
171
|
|
200 AgEq
g/t
|
Indicated
|
1,810,000
|
256
|
1.22
|
1.22
|
14.9
|
48.7
|
48.7
|
18.5
|
318
|
|
Inferred
|
190,000
|
338
|
0.61
|
0.98
|
2.1
|
2.6
|
4.1
|
2.2
|
360
|
|
400 AgEq
g/t
|
Indicated
|
300,000
|
490
|
1.38
|
1.47
|
4.7
|
9.1
|
9.7
|
5.2
|
542
|
|
Inferred
|
50,000
|
545
|
0.39
|
0.82
|
0.9
|
0.4
|
0.9
|
0.9
|
530
|
Note: Mineral resource estimate cut-off grade bolded.
2020
Reported
results in the following section do not define a mineral resource
and it is uncertain if further exploration will result in the
delineation of mineral resource. Drilling that began at the
Pulacayo deposit in December of 2019 was completed in February of
2020. The Company announced its first set of results on January 21,
2020, from borehole PUD 267 which intercepted 10 meters of
mineralization grading 147 g/t silver, 9.8% zinc, and 2.0% lead
(539 g/t AgEq) within 35.5-meter mineralization grading 230 g/t
AgEq starting 31.5 meters downhole.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
On
March 6, 2020, the Company released additional results from 2,598
meters of drilling, which focused on the western portion of the
Pulacayo Project and on August 11, 2020, the Company announced
further diamond infill drilling results from the Pulacayo Project.
Complete results of all first phase 2020 drilling are tabulated
below:
|
Hole
ID
|
From
(m)
|
To
(m)
|
Interval
(m)
|
Ag
(g/t)
|
Zn
(%)
|
Pb
(%)
|
AgEq
|
|
PUD267*
|
31.5
|
67
|
35.5
|
54.3
|
4.31
|
0.92
|
229.6
|
|
including…
|
117
|
123
|
6
|
47.8
|
1.11
|
0.25
|
89.7
|
|
PUD268
|
21
|
23
|
2
|
20
|
1.34
|
0.77
|
92.6
|
|
PUD274
|
75
|
77
|
2
|
93.5
|
|
0.42
|
98.8
|
|
PUD274
|
82
|
83
|
1
|
83
|
|
0.09
|
77.4
|
|
PUD283
|
248
|
350
|
102
|
145
|
2.56
|
1.05
|
255
|
|
including..
|
248
|
282
|
34
|
9
|
1.05
|
0.22
|
52
|
|
and…
|
282
|
297
|
15
|
35
|
2.99
|
0.4
|
148
|
|
and…
|
297
|
310
|
13
|
157
|
5.15
|
1.47
|
370
|
|
and…
|
310
|
317
|
7
|
225
|
3.74
|
1.15
|
371
|
|
and…
|
317
|
322
|
5
|
1565
|
3.85
|
8.25
|
1825
|
|
and…
|
322
|
329
|
7
|
134
|
1.73
|
1.18
|
222
|
|
and…
|
329
|
350
|
21
|
76
|
2.65
|
0.82
|
188
|
|
PUD284
|
30.5
|
204.2
|
173.7
|
15
|
0.67
|
0.28
|
46
|
|
including…
|
30.5
|
55
|
24.5
|
3
|
2.45
|
0.1
|
20
|
|
and…
|
55
|
65
|
10
|
113
|
2.11
|
1.93
|
243
|
|
and…
|
65
|
79
|
14
|
13
|
1.2
|
0.44
|
69
|
|
and…
|
79
|
101
|
22
|
4
|
0.36
|
0.11
|
20
|
|
and…
|
101
|
204.2
|
103.2
|
10
|
0.59
|
0.18
|
36
|
|
PUD284
|
206.3
|
273
|
66.7
|
112
|
1.94
|
0.46
|
182
|
|
Interval:
|
206.3
|
240
|
33.7
|
46
|
2.12
|
0.41
|
129
|
|
Interval:
|
240
|
256
|
16
|
79
|
2.7
|
0.72
|
189
|
|
Interval:
|
256
|
273
|
17
|
274
|
1.13
|
0.33
|
295
|
|
PUD284
|
282
|
318
|
36
|
26
|
1.01
|
0.34
|
70
|
|
including…
|
282
|
288
|
6
|
13
|
0.94
|
0.27
|
54
|
|
and…
|
288
|
300
|
12
|
60
|
1.48
|
0.61
|
127
|
|
and…
|
300
|
318
|
18
|
7
|
0.72
|
0.18
|
38
|
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Reported
widths are intercepted core lengths and not true widths, as
relationships with intercepted structures and contacts vary. Based
on core-angle measurements, true widths are estimated at
approximately 61% of reported core lengths. Silver equivalent is
calculated as follows: Ag Eq. (g/t) = Ag (g/t)*89.2% + (Pb%
*(US$0.94/ lb. Pb /14.583 Troy oz/lb./US$16.50 per Troy oz.
Ag)*10,000*91.9%) + (Zn% *(US$1.00/lb. Zn/14.583 Troy
oz/lb./US$16.50 per Troy oz. Ag)*10,000*82.9). This calculation
incorporates metallurgical recoveries from test work completed for
Pulacayo in 2013 by Universidad Tecnica de Oruro (UTO), in Oruro
and La Paz, Bolivia as well as at Maelgwyn Mineral Services Africa
(MMSA) in Roodeporrt, South Africa.
The
Company adopts industry recognized best practices in its
implementation of QA/QC methods. A geochemical standard control
sample and one blank sample is inserted into the sample stream
every 20th sample. Duplicates are taken at every 40th sample.
Standards and duplicates including lab duplicates and standards and
are analyzed using Thompson-Howarth plots. Samples are shipped to
ALS Global Laboratories in Ururo, Bolivia for preparation, and then
shipped to ALS Global laboratories for analysis in Lima, Peru.
Samples were analyzed using intermediate level four acid digestion.
Silver overlimits are analyzed using fire assay with a gravimetric
finish. ALS Laboratories sample management system meets all
requirements of International Standards ISO/IEC 17025:2017 and ISO
9001:2015. All ALS geochemical hub laboratories are accredited to
ISO/IEC 17025:2017 for specific analytical procedures.
All
samples are taken from HQ-diameter core which split in half by a
diamond-blade masonry saw. One-half of the core is submitted for
laboratory analysis and the other half is preserved on the
Company’s secured core facility for reference. All core is
geotechnically analyzed, photographed and then logged by geologists
prior to sampling.
On
November 30, 2020, the Company announced that further to the news
release dated October 14, 2020, it has received the complete assay
results from the Company’s diamond drill program at the Paca
deposit. All 5 drill holes intersected mineralization, with the
results shown in the following table:
|
Hole ID
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PND114
|
1.5
|
18.0
|
16.5
|
43
|
0.11
|
0.36
|
55
|
|
PND115
|
3.0
|
69.0
|
66.0
|
48
|
0.10
|
0.80
|
75
|
|
PND116
|
7.0
|
37.0
|
30.0
|
23
|
0.15
|
0.42
|
41
|
|
PND117
|
51.0
|
82.0
|
31.0
|
3
|
0.45
|
0.31
|
31
|
|
PND118
|
18.0
|
38.0
|
20.0
|
25
|
0.09
|
0.09
|
29
|
|
PND118
|
67.0
|
179.0
|
112.0
|
15
|
0.50
|
0.48
|
50
|
|
including…
|
133.0
|
143.0
|
10.0
|
61
|
0.65
|
0.37
|
93
|
(*) Silver equivalent (“AgEq”) calculation is based on
NI43-101 compliant 2020 resource report completed for the Paca
deposit by Mercator Geological Services (see Company’s press
release dated October 13th,
2020). Silver equivalent is calculated as follows: Ag Eq. = Silver
Equivalent (Recovered) = (Ag g/t*89.2%)+((Pb%*(US$0.95/lb.
Pb/14.583 Troy oz./lb./US$17 per Troy oz.
Ag)*(10,000*91.9%))+((Zn%*(US$1.16/lb. Zn/14.583 Troy oz./lb./US$17
per Troy oz. Ag)*(10,000*82.9%)) and assumed metallurgical
recoveries. Metal prices of US$17/oz Ag, US$0.95/lb Pb, and
US$1.16/lb Zn apply.
Reported widths are intercepted core lengths and not true widths,
as relationships with intercepted structures and contacts vary.
Based on core-angle measurements, true widths range from 77% to 86%
of the reported core length.
PND 114, 115, 118 drilled tested oblique structures parallel to the
main east-west trend and discovered new mineralized
zones.
PND 114 intersected 16.5 meters of mineralization grading 55g/t
silver equivalent that is to the north of the Paca north
zone.
PND 115 intercepted 66 meters of mineralization grading 75g/t
silver equivalent between Paca main zone and Paca north zone, which
are 250 meters apart.
PND 118 was drilled at the eastern edge of the Paca main zone and
intersected 112 meters of mineralization grading 50 g/t silver
equivalent.
The Company is integrating the drill results to the recently
completed geomodelling. Commencement of next round of Paca drilling is
tentatively scheduled for the first half of
2021.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
In March 2020 the Company further announced that it had commenced
district exploration program at its Pulacayo project. The Company
would be conducting geological mapping, with relevant sampling and
possible trenching on the property. Induced polarization geophysics
would also be conducted in tandem with the field program, with 106
line-kilometers of survey having been outlined.
In July 2020, the Company announced results of rock chip samples
taken from the San Leon underground tunnel. This geological
sampling and mapping program are part of an ongoing district
exploration program announced on March 9, 2020, at the
Company’s Pulacayo Silver Project in Bolivia. A total of 113
chip samples were collected at intervals of from 0.85 to 3.0 meters
to better characterize the geology and alteration of the San Leon
tunnel, which continues for 3km to the south of the mapping area,
passing through the Company’s existing NI43-101 Pulacayo
resource and connects to the town of Pulacayo. The tunnel also
extends to the north for 1 km where historically the Pulacayo
mine’s ore was carted for smelting during the 1800’s.
Sample results are tabulated below:
|
|
TYPE
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Structure
|
|
|
|
3879
|
Chip
|
350
|
1.5
|
400
|
0.876
|
0.929
|
420
|
Breccia
|
20
|
80
|
|
3883
|
Chip
|
350
|
0.9
|
77
|
0.342
|
0.287
|
91
|
Fault
|
0
|
72
|
|
3881
|
Chip
|
7
|
1.8
|
25
|
0.137
|
0.127
|
32
|
Contact
|
345
|
78
|
|
3878
|
Chip
|
13
|
0.9
|
5
|
0.306
|
0.399
|
29
|
Veinlets
|
0
|
85
|
|
3882
|
Chip
|
338
|
1.8
|
17
|
0.18
|
0.074
|
24
|
Veinlets
|
350
|
65
|
|
3880
|
Chip
|
5
|
1.9
|
6
|
0.132
|
0.102
|
14
|
Veinlets
|
345
|
65
|
(*) Silver equivalent is calculated as follows: Ag Eq.(g/t) = Ag
(g/t)*89.2%+(Pb% *(US$0.94/ lb. Pb /14.583 Troy oz/lb./US$16.50 per
Troy oz. Ag)*10,000*91.9%) + (Zn% *(US$1.00/lb. Zn/14.583 Troy
oz/lb./US$16.50 per Troy oz. Ag)*10,000*82.9). This calculation
incorporates metallurgical recoveries from test work completed for
the Pulacayo project in 2013.
Mapping identified a vein system trending in a roughly east-west
direction at the Pacamayo zone (“Veta Pacamayo”). The
vein system measures approximately 175 meters in width south to
north in the tunnel and is situated 1.3 kilometers north of the
Pulacayo resource and 5km south of Paca resource. Highlights of the
tunnel chip samples taken in Veta Pacamayo include 420g/t AgEq*
over 1.5 meters and 91g/t AgEq over 0.9 meters.
Geological mapping also identified a transition in the intensity of
alteration (argillic-style) along the San Leon tunnel. Highest
intensity alteration occurs in the Veta Pulacayo, and Veta Pacamayo
areas and coincides with the highest observed chip sample silver
values. Reported results do not define a mineral resource and it is
uncertain if further exploration will result in the delineation of
mineral resource.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
In September 2020 geological mapping was conducted in the Pero area
of the Pulacayo Project. Pero is located to the southeast of the
Tajo Vein system that hosts the Pulacayo deposit. Geological
mapping and surface sampling identified an area of silver bearing
surface mineralization of up to 200 g/t silver several hundreds of
meters south of the projected east-west Tajo Vein system trend,
suggesting that the Tajo Vein system was offset southward in this
portion of the system where strong alteration can be observed at
surface covering 250 meters by 100 meters wide. This reinterpreted
surface projection of the Tajo Vein system coincides with some
historic Spanish workings in that area of property that date back
to the 16th Century. Highlights of assay results from recent
surface samples at Pero are tabulated below:
|
|
Type
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1313
|
Chip
|
210
|
3
|
200
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
|
1314
|
Chip
|
195
|
1.2
|
200
|
0.1
|
0.01
|
|
1295
|
Chip
|
340
|
3
|
164
|
0.0164
|
0.0164
|
|
1297
|
Chip
|
320
|
1.4
|
132
|
0.0132
|
0.0132
|
|
1315
|
Chip
|
200
|
2.9
|
100
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
|
1301
|
Chip
|
240
|
4
|
72
|
0.0072
|
0.0072
|
|
1303
|
Chip
|
200
|
6.4
|
67
|
0.0067
|
0.0067
|
|
1323
|
Chip
|
20
|
4
|
50
|
0.005
|
0.005
|
|
1304
|
Chip
|
150
|
3.7
|
46
|
0.0046
|
0.0046
|
2021
On
January 12, 2021 the Company announced the completion of a 980m
drilling program testing the so-called Pero area located at the
southeastern area of the Pulacayo project. The program was designed
to follow-up on the 2020 sampling program in the area. Field work in 2020
identified potential structural remobilization in this area that
might explain the erratic nature of mineralization within the Tajo
Vein System as it occurs in this area of the property. A summary of
results from this drilling is tabulated below:
|
BHID
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PUD285
|
30.6
|
44.6
|
14.0
|
43
|
0.19
|
0.02
|
46
|
|
PUD
285
|
143.0
|
191.0
|
48.0
|
10
|
0.11
|
0.17
|
23
|
|
PUD
286
|
99.0
|
124.0
|
25.0
|
18
|
0.33
|
0.09
|
32
|
|
PUD
286
|
148.0
|
152.0
|
4.0
|
393
|
3.79
|
0.88
|
518
|
|
PUD
286
|
174.0
|
183.0
|
9.0
|
20
|
0.13
|
0.05
|
25
|
|
PUD
287
|
56.0
|
78.0
|
22.0
|
43
|
0.23
|
0.02
|
48
|
|
PUD
287
|
127.0
|
139.0
|
12.0
|
15
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
15
|
*Ag Eq. = Silver Equivalent (Recovered) = (Ag
g/t*89.2%)+((Pb%*(US$0.95/lb. Pb/14.583 Troy oz./lb./US$17 per Troy
oz. Ag)*(10,000*91.9%))+((Zn%*(US$1.16/lb. Zn/14.583 Troy
oz./lb./US$17 per Troy oz. Ag)*(10,000*82.9%)). Sulphide zone metal
recoveries of 89.2% for Ag, 91.9% for Pb, and 82.9% for Zn were
used in the Silver Equivalent (Recovered) equation and reflect
metallurgical testing results disclosed previously for the Pulacayo
Deposit. Reported widths are intercepted core lengths and not true
widths, as relationships with intercepted structures and contacts
vary. Based on core-angle measurements, true widths range from 75%
to 85% of the reported core length.
On June 21, 2021 the Company commenced a 2000m drilling program on
the project. Based on the favorable results of an ongoing
108-km-line Induced Polarization (“IP”)
geophysical survey, the Company testing a large linear anomaly
measuring 1,400 meters in length, and up to 250 meters wide. The IP
anomaly has never been drilled and is situated parallel to the main
3 km east-west trending Tajo vein system (TVS), which is just 300
meters to the south. Initial drill targets included El Abra, Veta
Quatro, and Pacamayo—all of which exhibit high chargeability
that starts shallow and runs vertically to at least 600 meters (IP
detection limit) at depth. The program is ongoing as of
writing.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
On August 30, 2021, the company reported that further to news dated
June 21, 2021, Silver Elephant has drilled 1,972 meters of its
announced 2,000m drill program. Drilling has been completed at El
Abra, Veta Quattro, and Pacamayo prospects identified through
mapping and 2021 IP survey at Pulacayo District. These are distant
unexplored targets located up to 1km from the Pulacayo Tajo Vein
System (“TVS”)
whereat all of the historic production of 678 Moz occurred as
reported by the National Geological and Mineral Service of Bolivia
(SERGEOTECMIN)
Drilling at Pacamayo (1km north of the NI-43 101 Pulacayo resource
that is upper part of TVS) has confirmed visual concentrations of
galena, tetrahedrite and sphalerite between 490 to 560 meters depth
matching a high IP chargeability, which extends beyond a depth of
500 meters and exceeds the IP depth detection limit. The Company is
currently drilling PUD 293 at the Pero area about 500 meters south
of Pulacayo resource where an IP anomaly is detected at a depth
between 250 to 500 meters. PUD293 is located 300 meters southwest
of PUD286 (also outside of Pulacayo Resource) which intercepted
4meters of 393 g/t Ag, 3.79% Zn, 0.88%Pb at 148-meter downhole (see
Company’s press release dated January 27, 2021). The IP
target for PUD 293 corresponds favorably to a mapped structure that
strikes westward from PUD 286.
It should be noted that the Pulacayo TVS showed up in the IP survey
with high chargeability and medium resistivity, and that many of
the IP anomalies such as Pacamayo in the survey carry very similar
IP signatures to the TVS which is what makes these targets
compelling. Matrix Geotechnologies Limited of Canada has recently
returned from a brief break to commence surveying at Paca as part
of the expanded 108 line-km IP program which so far keeps on
finding additional targets which the Company will assess for
possible drilling.
During
the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company incurred
total costs of $1,910,161 (nine month ended September 30, 2020 -
$1,377,464) for the Pulacayo Project including $1,543,153 (nine
months ended September 30, 2020 - $1,101,666) for geological,
consulting and engineering services, $361,808 (nine months ended
September 30, 2020 - $275,798) for personnel, legal, general and
administrative expenses and $5,200 (nine months ended September 30,
2020 - $Nil) for fees and permits.
The
Company also reports that the national COVID-19 quarantine in
Bolivia was lifted in late-June of 2020. The Company has continued
with various mapping and geophysical survey programs on the
property since this time, which are still ongoing. The Company will
follow the guidance of federal and local authorities in Bolivia
with regards to COVID-19.
The
Company is planning
●
Complete
district geological mapping over entire property;
●
Complete
induced polarization (geophysics) survey over the entire
property;
●
Evaluate
field data to generate drilling targets over property;
●
Commence
diamond drilling program testing priority targets on
property.
SUNAWAYO PROJECT, BOLIVIA
On
September 8, 2020, the Company announced that it had entered the
Sunawayo SPA, a binding sales and purchase agreement with the
Sunawayo Vendor to acquire the Sunawayo Project, a silver-lead
mining project located immediately adjacent to the Malku Khota
silver project in Bolivia.
The
Sunawayo Project is patented land which the Company has secured
rights to explore through the Sunawayo SPA, whereas Malku Khota is
unpatented land administered by COMIBOL. In January of 2020, the
Company applied for a mining production contract with COMIBOL that
would give it the rights to mine and explore Malku Khota. The
application was received by COMIBOL and is currently under review.
While the Company is engaging with COMIBOL to advance this process,
the Company has not been provided with any timelines for any
eventual approval. There are currently no existing resources or
reserves on the Sunawayo property, and it remains an exploration
stage project.
The
purchase agreement of the Sunawayo Project includes a fully
permitted 100 ton-per-day open-pit mining operation that produces
lead concentrate. The Sunawayo Project has a strike of 17
kilometers which covers 59.5 square kilometers of prospective area.
The Sunawayo Project has ready access to water and power and is
located 165 kilometers by road from Bolivia’s 5th largest
city, Oruro.
Subject
to the provisions of the Sunawayo SPA, the Sunawayo Vendor agreed
to transfer the mining rights of the Sunawayo Project to the
Company upon the Company paying it US$6,500,000. That payment
consists of US$300,000 that was paid to the Sunawayo Vendor upon
execution of the Sunawayo SPA with the remaining US$6,200,000 to be
paid in cash over a one-year period in twelve equal monthly
installments, starting March 1, 2021. The Company has suspended the
March 2021 installment and all proceeding installments while it
verifies that the vendor is in compliance of Bolivia’s
jurisdictional regulations.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
The
Company commenced the maiden drilling program for the Sunawayo
project in January 2021. The first 2 drillhole results were
received in February 2021 and announced on February 24th, 2021. The
first drill hole intercepted 137 meters of mineralization grading
36 g/t silver, starting from 0 meters-depth. The second drill hole
intercepted 31 meters of mineralization grading 44 g/t silver,
0.39% lead, and 0.48% zinc from 1 meter-depth Drilling continued to
March 2021 with a total of 10 completed holes on the project.
SWD010 intercepted 3 meters of mineralization grading 421 g/t
silver, 0.92% lead, and 0.90% zinc (469 g/t AgEq) within 10 meters
grading 144 g/t silver, 0.43% lead, and 0.97% zinc (183 g/t AgEq).
SWD009 intercepted 2 meters of mineralization grading 50 g/t
silver, 0.40% lead, and 7.67% zinc (290 g/t AgEq). Notable
concentrations of Indium and Gallium were also reported in the same
drillholes on May 6th, 2021. While a
15-hole program was announced no further drilling was conducted as
due diligence requiring the pending verification of the status of
Sunawayo title and environmental permit by the vendor, as announced
on May 21, 2021.
For
further information please view the Company’s news releases
available under the Company’s SEDAR profile at
www.sedar.com.
During
the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company incurred
total exploration costs of $761,732 (nine months ended September
30, 2020 - $Nil) for the Sunawayo Project.
The
Company’s Sunawayo objectives are currently paused as it
verifies the vendor’s compliance status with Bolivia’s
regulatory requirements.
TRIUNFO PROJECT, BOLIVIA
On July
13, 2020, the Company executed the Triunfo Agreement with the Triunfo Vendor.
The Triunfo Agreement provides the Company with the Triunfo Rights
(consisting of the Exploration Right and the Purchase Right) with
respect to the Triunfo Project. The Purchase Right can be exercised
at any time after the Triunfo Vendor completes the required
Bolivian administrative procedures for the Triunfo Project
(expected to occur no later than March 2021) until July 13, 2025,
or such further period as the parties may agree. To secure the
Triunfo Rights, the Company paid the Triunfo Vendor US$100,000 upon
execution of the Triunfo Agreement. Until the Company exercises its
Purchase Right, beginning in 2021 the Company must pay the Triunfo
Vendor US$50,000 on June 15 of each year (2021 – paid) to
maintain the Triunfo Rights. The Company may elect to terminate the
Triunfo Agreement at any time. If the Company exercises the
Purchase Right, the Triunfo Vendor will maintain the Residual
Interest. Upon exercise of the Purchase Right, the Company may make
a lump sum payment to the Triunfo Vendor at any time to reduce some
or all of the Residual Interest as follows:
- the
Residual Interest may be extinguished for US$300,000;
- the
Residual Interest may be reduced to 4% for US$250,000;
- the
Residual Interest may be reduced to 3% for US$200,000;
- the
Residual Interest may be reduced to 2% for US$150,000;
or
- the
Residual Interest may be reduced to 1% for US$100,000.
The
Triunfo Project area covers approximately 256 hectares located in
the La Paz Department, which is located about 75 kilometers to the
east of the city of La Paz, Bolivia. The Triunfo Project has access
to power and water and is accessible by road year-round. The
Triunfo Vendor maintains a positive relationship with the local
community. Exploration was conducted in 2005 through 2007 by
Solitario Resources, which made 3 drill holes, all of which
intercepted mineralization. Only 20% of the Triunfo Project was
explored by Solitario.
The
mineralization is characterized by pyrite, arsenopyrite, galena,
and sphalerite and carries gold, silver, and zinc and lead in
various proportions. Mineralization outcrops at the surface and
continues for at least 750 meters in three discrete blocks, known
as A, B, and C. The mineralized blocks have widths varying from 20
meters to 150 meters and are locally displaced for several meters
by north-east trending faults. In the past decade, some artisanal
mining has been developed where gold mineralization has been
identified. Those areas have been principally mined for
gold.
The
Triunfo Project contains polymetallic vein-style mineralization
hosted in metasediments of the Silurian and Devonian periods. The
metasediments were intruded by nearby plutonic batholiths which are
likely related to the mineralizing event. This style of
mineralization is well documented in Bolivia. Examples include
Cerro Rico and Porco, located in and around Potosi. Several dozen
chip samples were taken from the surface and tunnels at Triunfo in
late-May 2020. The sampling returned significant results from both
blocks.
The
following table shows the assay results, equal to and over 1.0 g/t
Au Equivalent which represent over 36% of the samples (37 /
103).
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
El Triunfo Chip Channel Results Returning 1g/t AuEq* or
greater
|
ID
|
BLOCK
|
Type
|
WIDTH
|
Au
|
Ag
|
Pb
|
Zn
|
AuEq
|
AgEq
|
|
(m)
|
(g/t)
|
(g/t)
|
(%)
|
(%)
|
(g/t)
|
(g/t)
|
|
46506
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
3.9
|
2
|
113
|
3.46
|
0.12
|
8
|
814
|
|
46505
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2
|
4
|
29
|
1.34
|
0.06
|
8
|
806
|
|
46504
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2.1
|
1
|
69
|
2.52
|
1.82
|
6
|
547
|
|
46503
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2.2
|
1
|
64
|
1.93
|
0.13
|
5
|
465
|
|
46502
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
3.8
|
1
|
55
|
2.34
|
1.08
|
4
|
415
|
|
46501
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2.3
|
0
|
75
|
2.61
|
1.29
|
4
|
406
|
|
46299
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2.8
|
2
|
25
|
0
|
0.02
|
4
|
385
|
|
46298
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2.3
|
1
|
35
|
1.42
|
1.76
|
4
|
366
|
|
46297
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2
|
2
|
40
|
0
|
0.01
|
4
|
358
|
|
46296
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2.4
|
1
|
96
|
0
|
0.01
|
3
|
304
|
|
46295
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2.1
|
2
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
293
|
|
46294
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
3
|
0
|
46
|
2.88
|
0.14
|
3
|
289
|
|
46293
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
1.3
|
1
|
15
|
0.34
|
0.03
|
3
|
284
|
|
46292
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2.6
|
1
|
75
|
0
|
0.04
|
3
|
270
|
|
46291
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2
|
0
|
42
|
1.88
|
0.45
|
3
|
265
|
|
46290
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2
|
0
|
47
|
1.76
|
0.1
|
3
|
251
|
|
46289
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
1
|
1
|
31
|
0.54
|
0.02
|
2
|
238
|
|
46288
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
1.7
|
0
|
20
|
0.53
|
2.23
|
2
|
218
|
|
46287
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
1
|
1
|
30
|
0.35
|
0.11
|
2
|
210
|
|
46286
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
3.4
|
1
|
14
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
209
|
|
46285
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
3
|
1
|
5
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
207
|
|
46284
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2
|
0
|
25
|
1.02
|
0.37
|
2
|
206
|
|
46283
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2.2
|
1
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
178
|
|
46282
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
1.3
|
1
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
175
|
|
46281
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
1.5
|
0
|
42
|
0
|
0.01
|
2
|
168
|
|
46279
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2.4
|
1
|
14
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
164
|
|
46278
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2
|
0
|
17
|
0.59
|
0.41
|
2
|
151
|
|
46277
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2.1
|
1
|
26
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
149
|
|
46276
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2
|
0
|
16
|
0.54
|
0.23
|
1
|
126
|
|
46275
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2
|
0
|
6
|
0.25
|
0.23
|
1
|
126
|
|
46274
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
4
|
1
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
118
|
|
46273
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2.3
|
1
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
114
|
|
46272
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2.9
|
1
|
4
|
0
|
0.01
|
1
|
109
|
|
46271
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2
|
0
|
11
|
0.3
|
0.36
|
1
|
102
|
|
46270
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2.4
|
0
|
9
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
1
|
97
|
|
46269
|
A
|
chip
channel
|
2.5
|
0
|
23
|
0.25
|
0.46
|
1
|
95
|
(*)
Gold equivalent calculation uses a gold price of $1,795, a zinc
price of $0.93, a lead price of $0.80, and a silver price of $18.30
(all USD), and assumes a 100% metallurgical recovery. Gold
equivalent values can be calculated using the following formula:
AuEq = Au g/t + (Ag g/t x 0.0102) + (Zn % x 0.3551) + (Pb % x
0.3055). Silver equivalent calculation uses a silver price of
$25.00/oz, a zinc price of $1.10/lb., a lead price of $0.80/lb.
(all USD), and assumes a 100% metallurgical recovery. Silver
equivalent values can be calculated using the following formula:
AgEq = Ag g/t + (Zn % x 30.1644 ) + (Pb % x 21.9377).
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Denser
sets of veins and veinlets hosted by shales and quartzites appear
to correlate with higher grades. The strike lengths of these
mineralized trends have been recognized as continuing along several
hundreds of meters at surface.
On November 25, 2020, the Company announced it has received the
complete assay results from the Triunfo Project.
Borehole TR007 intercepted 48.9 meters of mineralization grading
0.42 g/t gold, 35.5 g/t silver, 1.17% zinc, and 0.83% lead (1.45
g/t AuEq) within 98.9 meters of mineralization grading 1.04 g/t
AgEq starting 13.0 meters downhole.
Notable highlights include:
|
Hole
ID
|
From
|
To
|
Length
(m)
|
Au
(g/t)
|
Ag
(g/t)
|
Zn
%
|
Pb
%
|
AuEq*
(g/t)
|
|
TR006
|
40.0
|
76.0
|
36.0
|
0.49
|
15.46
|
0.54
|
0.44
|
0.97
|
|
including…
|
58.0
|
72.0
|
14.0
|
0.48
|
20.23
|
0.76
|
0.66
|
1.16
|
|
TR007
|
13.0
|
111.9
|
98.9
|
0.37
|
22.71
|
0.74
|
0.58
|
1.04
|
|
including…
|
63.0
|
111.9
|
48.9
|
0.42
|
35.49
|
1.17
|
0.83
|
1.45
|
|
TR008
|
6.8
|
84.0
|
77.3
|
0.31
|
17.65
|
0.57
|
0.53
|
0.85
|
|
including…
|
45.0
|
51.4
|
6.4
|
1.60
|
56.49
|
1.66
|
0.94
|
3.05
|
(*) Gold equivalent calculation uses a gold price of $1,795, a zinc
price of $0.93, a lead price of $0.80, and a silver price of $18.30
(all USD) and assumes a 100% metallurgical recovery. Gold
equivalent values can be calculated using the following formula:
AuEq = Au g/t + (Ag g/t x 0.0102) + (Zn % x 0.3551) + (Pb % x
0.3055).
Mineralization is hosted in altered black shales exhibiting
hydrothermal sheeted quartz-carbonate vein sets that are
concentrated along the axes of regional anticlinal fold
structures.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Assay results are detailed in the table below:
|
Hole
ID
|
From
|
To
|
Length
(m)
|
Au
(g/t)
|
Ag
(g/t)
|
Zn
%
|
Pb
%
|
AuEq*
(g/t)
|
|
TR004
|
14.0
|
15.0
|
1.0
|
0.24
|
18.85
|
0.21
|
0.65
|
0.70
|
|
17.0
|
18.0
|
1.0
|
0.74
|
2.21
|
0.03
|
0.04
|
0.78
|
|
71.0
|
74.0
|
3.0
|
1.11
|
5.01
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
1.16
|
|
TR005
|
61.0
|
62.0
|
1.0
|
0.59
|
8.00
|
0.00
|
0.01
|
0.67
|
|
|
122.0
|
124.0
|
2.0
|
0.50
|
2.29
|
0.01
|
0.02
|
0.53
|
|
|
TR006
|
5.0
|
6.0
|
1.0
|
0.73
|
3.19
|
0.10
|
0.13
|
0.84
|
|
|
20.0
|
21.0
|
1.0
|
0.15
|
11.10
|
0.35
|
0.29
|
0.48
|
|
|
40.0
|
76.0
|
36.0
|
0.49
|
15.46
|
0.54
|
0.44
|
0.97
|
|
|
including…
|
58.0
|
72.0
|
14.0
|
0.48
|
20.23
|
0.76
|
0.66
|
1.16
|
|
|
TR006
|
94.5
|
101.5
|
7.0
|
0.56
|
23.21
|
0.82
|
0.56
|
1.26
|
|
|
106.5
|
107.4
|
0.8
|
0.32
|
12.70
|
0.25
|
0.01
|
0.54
|
|
|
120.0
|
121.0
|
1.0
|
0.07
|
15.90
|
0.50
|
0.67
|
0.62
|
|
|
142.8
|
143.3
|
0.5
|
0.60
|
0.43
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
0.61
|
|
|
190.0
|
191.3
|
1.3
|
0.72
|
89.58
|
2.07
|
0.16
|
2.42
|
|
|
TR007
|
13.0
|
111.9
|
98.9
|
0.37
|
22.71
|
0.74
|
0.58
|
1.04
|
|
|
including…
|
63.0
|
111.9
|
48.9
|
0.42
|
35.49
|
1.17
|
0.83
|
1.45
|
|
|
TR007
|
118.5
|
119.5
|
1.0
|
0.03
|
4.55
|
0.17
|
0.53
|
0.30
|
|
|
121.5
|
122.5
|
1.0
|
0.30
|
3.69
|
0.07
|
0.46
|
0.50
|
|
|
125.5
|
126.3
|
0.8
|
0.56
|
3.18
|
0.09
|
0.03
|
0.63
|
|
|
179.0
|
181.0
|
2.0
|
1.05
|
1.38
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
1.07
|
|
|
185.6
|
186.2
|
0.6
|
0.44
|
5.69
|
0.02
|
0.01
|
0.51
|
|
|
196.0
|
197.0
|
1.0
|
0.74
|
1.46
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
0.76
|
|
|
TR008
|
6.8
|
84.0
|
77.3
|
0.31
|
17.65
|
0.57
|
0.53
|
0.85
|
|
|
including…
|
45.0
|
51.4
|
6.4
|
1.60
|
56.49
|
1.66
|
0.94
|
3.05
|
|
|
TR008
|
138.1
|
139.1
|
1.0
|
0.71
|
0.90
|
0.01
|
0.00
|
0.72
|
|
|
149.0
|
151.0
|
2.0
|
0.10
|
22.73
|
0.78
|
0.03
|
0.61
|
|
|
156.0
|
157.0
|
1.0
|
0.74
|
1.33
|
0.02
|
0.01
|
0.76
|
|
|
183.0
|
183.6
|
0.6
|
1.65
|
2.62
|
0.02
|
0.01
|
1.69
|
|
|
231.6
|
232.6
|
1.0
|
0.41
|
4.50
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
0.46
|
|
|
247.5
|
250.0
|
2.5
|
1.64
|
35.99
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
2.01
|
|
|
257.0
|
258.0
|
1.0
|
0.78
|
2.15
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
0.80
|
|
*See Notes on gold equivalent (AuEq) calculations and metals prices
above.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Reported widths in all tables are intercepted core lengths and not
true widths, as relationships with intercepted structures and
contacts vary. Based on core-angle measurements, true widths range
from 54% to 65% of reported core length. Reported results do
not define a mineral resource and it is uncertain if further
exploration will result in the delineation of mineral
resource.
Silver Elephant has completed a 30 line-km IP survey at its El
Triunfo project and has identified several IP anomalies. Of
particular interest is an anomaly that extends 200m east of the
artisanal workings where all prior exploration and drilling
occurred. The east anomaly measures 50 to 75m wide, and 200m along
strike and appears to be 100 to 200 meters from surface. This
anomaly is open to the east as the Company ground crew compiles
remaining data to determine its full dimensions. This east anomaly
has never been drilled and exhibits the same IP signature as prior
drilled areas beneath the artisanal workings to the
west.
Significant prior drill results at El Triunfo west are
tabulated below as reference (refer further to news release dated
November 25, 2020):
|
Hole
ID
|
From-To
|
Length
|
Au
|
Ag
|
Zn
|
Pb
|
AuEq
|
|
(m)
|
(g/t)
|
(g/t)
|
%
|
%
|
(g/t)
|
|
TR006
|
40.0-76.0
|
36
|
0.49
|
15.46
|
0.54
|
0.44
|
0.97
|
|
including…
|
58.0-72.0
|
14
|
0.48
|
20.23
|
0.76
|
0.66
|
1.16
|
|
TR007
|
13.0-111.9
|
98.9
|
0.37
|
22.71
|
0.74
|
0.58
|
1.04
|
|
including…
|
63.0-111.9
|
48.9
|
0.42
|
35.49
|
1.17
|
0.83
|
1.45
|
|
TR008
|
6.8-84.0
|
77.3
|
0.31
|
17.65
|
0.57
|
0.53
|
0.85
|
|
including…
|
45.0-51.4
|
6.4
|
1.6
|
56.49
|
1.66
|
0.94
|
3.05
|
Gold equivalent calculation uses a gold price of $1,795, a zinc
price of $0.93, a lead price of $0.80, and a silver price of $18.30
(all USD), and assumes a 100% metallurgical recovery. Gold
equivalent values can be calculated using the following formula:
AuEq = Au g/t + (Ag g/t x 0.0102) + (Zn % x 0.3551) + (Pb % x
0.3055). Based on core-angle
measurements, true widths range from 54% to 65% of reported core
length.
Significant assay results from a total of 74 surface samples, taken
as part of the mapping program on this eastern extension, are
tabulated below.
|
Sample No.
|
Type
|
Width (m)
|
Au (g/t)
|
Ag (g/t)
|
Zn %
|
Pb %
|
AuEq (g/t)
|
|
3495
|
CHIP
|
0.6
|
4.3
|
173.0
|
0.07
|
2.50
|
6.8
|
|
3494
|
CHIP
|
1.0
|
2.4
|
34.4
|
0.12
|
0.55
|
3.0
|
|
3477
|
CHIP
|
1.1
|
2.3
|
44.9
|
5.88
|
6.57
|
6.9
|
|
6558
|
CHIP
|
2.4
|
1.9
|
1.1
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
1.9
|
|
6572
|
CHIP
|
1.9
|
1.4
|
0.6
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
1.4
|
|
3488
|
CHIP
|
1.0
|
0.9
|
8.0
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
1.0
|
|
3500
|
CHIP
|
2.2
|
0.9
|
187.0
|
4.48
|
5.40
|
6.0
|
|
6503
|
CHIP
|
1.0
|
0.7
|
15.4
|
0.32
|
1.00
|
1.3
|
|
3499
|
CHIP
|
2.6
|
0.7
|
38.0
|
0.06
|
1.03
|
1.4
|
|
6582
|
CHIP
|
0.3
|
0.7
|
294.0
|
2.09
|
6.11
|
6.3
|
|
3475
|
CHIP
|
3.0
|
0.5
|
124.0
|
0.90
|
4.74
|
3.5
|
|
6517
|
CHIP
|
1.1
|
0.3
|
24.0
|
3.08
|
0.76
|
1.9
|
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Gold equivalent calculation uses a gold price of $1,795, a zinc
price of $0.93, a lead price of $0.80, and a silver price of $18.30
(all USD), and assumes a 100% metallurgical recovery. Gold
equivalent values can be calculated using the following formula:
AuEq = Au g/t + (Ag g/t x 0.0102) + (Zn % x 0.3551) + (Pb % x
0.3055).
The IP anomaly correlate to the findings from the Company’s
geological mapping program which demonstrates that both the sheeted
vein system, and host rocks (Tertiary-aged black shales) to the
polymetallic mineralization intercepted at prior El Triunfo drill
holes, extend another 1.5km eastward.
So far, the identified mineralized strike on the project has
expanded from 750m to 2.3km, the Company is working to prioritize
drill targets based on all available information to commence
October drilling.
During
the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company incurred
consulting costs of $166,957 (nine months ended September 30, 2020
- $Nil) for the Triunfo Project.
The
Company is planning:
●
Generate drilling
targets from the described ground work; and
●
Test targets with
diamond drilling program.
GIBELLINI PROJECT, NEVADA, USA
The
Company holds, as a claim holder or through leasehold assignments,
a 100% interest in the claims comprising the Gibellini Project,
which the Company aims to make the first operating primary vanadium
mine in North America. The Gibellini Project is situated on the
southeast flank of the Fish Creek Range in the Fish Creek Mining
District, about 25 miles south of Eureka, Nevada.
The
Gibellini Project consists of a total of 587 unpatented lode mining
claims that includes: the Gibellini group of 40 claims, the VC
Exploration group of 105 claims, and the Company group of 442
claims, which includes 201 Bisoni claims. The Gibellini Project is
located in Eureka County, Nevada, as well as 22 of the Bisoni group
of claims, with the remaining 179 claims extending from the Eureka
country border southwest into Nye County, Nevada.
The
Company is working to bring the Gibellini Project into production
in order to address the supply-demand gap for vanadium projected to
2023. The projected demand is largely driven by higher rebar
standards imposed by the Chinese government which is intensified by
increasing demand for vanadium redox flow storage batteries. The
supply is restricted by China’s improved
environmental-standards on its vanadium mining and processing. The
supply-demand gap is expected to affect all uses of vanadium
including steel manufacture, high tech applications and large
capacity vanadium redox flow batteries.
The
Gibellini Project is situated on the southeast flank of the Fish
Creek Range in the Fish Creek Mining District, about 25 miles south
of Eureka, Nevada and is accessed by dirt road extending westward
from State Route 379.
The
Gibellini group of claims were acquired on June 22, 2017, through
leasehold assignments from the claimant and then-holder of the
Gibellini mineral claims (the “Gibellini Lessor”) and includes an
area of approximately 771 acres. Under the Gibellini mineral lease
agreement (the “Gibellini
MLA”), the Company leased this core group of claims,
which originally constituted the entire Gibellini Project, by,
among other things, agreeing to pay to the Gibellini Lessor annual
advance royalty payments. These payments are tied, based on an
agreed formula not to exceed US$120,000 per year, to the average
vanadium pentoxide price of the prior year (each an "Advance Royalty Payment"). Upon
commencement of production, the obligation to make Advance Royalty
Payments will cease and the Company will instead maintain its
acquisition through the lease of the Gibellini group of claims by
paying to the Gibellini Lessor, a 2.5% net smelter return royalty
(the “Gibellini
NSR Payments”) until a
total of US$3 million is paid. Thereafter, the Gibellini NSR will
be reduced to 2% over the remaining life of the mine ( referred to
thereafter, as “Production
Royalty Payments”). Upon commencement of production,
any Advance Royalty Payments that have been made will be deducted
as credits against the Gibellini NSR Payments or Production Royalty
Payments, as applicable. The lease is for a term of 10 years,
expiring on June 22, 2027, which can be extended for an additional
10 years, at the Company’s option.
On
April 19, 2018, the Gibellini MLA was amended to grant the Company
the option, at any time during the term of the Gibellini MLA, which
ends on June 22, 2027, to require the Gibellini Lessor to transfer
their title over all of the leased mining claims (excluding four
claims which will be retained by the Gibellini Lessor and which
contain minimal resource) to the Company in exchange for
USD1,000,000, which will be deemed an Advance Royalty
Payment.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
The Company also entered into a lease agreement to acquire 10
unpatented lode claims totaling approximately 207 gross acres (the
“Former Louie Hill Claims”)
from their holders (the “Former Louie Hill Lessors”) on July 10,
2017 (the “Louie
Hill MLA”). The Former Louie Hill Claims
were located approximately 1600 feet south of the Gibellini
group of claims. The Former Louie Hill Claims were subsequently
abandoned by the Former Louie Hill Lessors, and on March 11 and 12,
2018, the Company staked the area within and under 17 new claims
totaling approximately 340 gross acres, which now collectively
comprise the expanded Louie Hill group of claims (the
“Current Louie Hill Claims”).
On
October 22, 2018, the Company entered into a royalty agreement (the
“Royalty
Agreement”) with the Former Louie Hill Lessors that
replaced, on substantially similar terms, the Louie Hill MLA. The
Royalty Agreement provides for payment by the Company to the Former
Louie Hill Lessors of both advance royalty payments and net smelter
return royalty payments. As with the Gibellini MLA, the advance
royalty payments are calculated based on an agreed formula relative
to the average vanadium pentoxide price for the prior year, for a
total amount not to exceed US$28,000 per year (the
“Louie Hill Advance Royalty Payments”). Upon commencement of
production, the obligation to make Louie Hill Advance Royalty
Payments will be replaced by a 2.5% net smelter return royalty (the
“Louie Hill NSR”) payable on vanadium
pentoxide produced from the area of the Former Louie Hill Claims
contained within the Current Louie Hill Claims.
The
Company may purchase three-fifths of the Louie Hill NSR at any time
for US$1 million, leaving the total Louie Hill NSR payable by the
Company at 1.0% for the remaining life of the mine. Any Louie Hill
Advance Royalty Payments that have been made at the time of the
commencement of production will be deducted as credits against
future payments under the Louie Hill NSR. The payments under the
Royalty Agreement will continue for an indefinite period and will
be payable as long as the Company, its subsidiaries, or any of
their permitted successors or assigns holds a valid and enforceable
mining concession over the area.
In December 2017, the Company expanded the land position at the
Gibellini Project, by staking a total of 198 new claims immediately
adjacent to the Gibellini claim group covering 4091 acres that are
sufficient to enable future vanadium mining, processing and
extraction.
On
February 15, 2018, the Company indirectly acquired
an additional 105 unpatented lode
mining claims located adjacent to its existing Gibellini
Project in Nevada,
USA through the indirect acquisition of VC Exploration (US) Inc, by
paying a total of $335,661 in cash and issuing the equivalent of
500,000 Common Share purchase warrants to
arm’s-length, private parties.
In September 2020, the Company acquired the Bisoni Project from
CellCube Energy Storage Systems Inc. (“Cellcube”). As consideration for the acquisition of
the Bisoni Project under the Bisoni Asset Purchase Agreement, the
Company issued 4 million Common Shares and paid $200,000
cash to Cellcube. Additionally, subject to TSX approval, if, on or
before December 31, 2023, the price of European vanadium pentoxide
on the Metal Bulletin (or an equivalent publication) exceeds US$12
a pound for 30 consecutive days, the Company will issue to Cellcube
additional Common Shares with a value of $500,000, calculated based
upon the 5-day volume weighted average price of the Common Shares
immediately following the satisfaction of the vanadium pentoxide
pricing condition.
The expanded Bisoni group of claims is located within the same
formation and lithologic units as the Gibellini group of claims.
The general geology in this area considered to be an extension of
the geology found within the Gibellini group of
claims.
In August 2020 the Company expanded the land position at the
Gibellini Project, by staking a total 32 new claims adjacent to the
project.
On November 20, 2017, the Company filed an independent technical
report titled “Gibellini
Project Nevada, USA NI 43-101 Technical
Report” with an
effective date of November 10, 2017
(the ”2017
Gibellini Report”) prepared by
the Wood Group. The 2017 Gibellini Report was filed with
Canadian securities regulatory authorities and is available under
the Company’s SEDAR profile at www.sedar.com.
On June
25, 2018, the Company filed a technical report titled
“Gibellini Project
Eureka County, Nevada, NI 43-101 Technical Report on
Preliminary Economic Assessment” prepared by Mr. Kirk Hanson,
P.E., Technical Director, Open Pit Mining; Mr. Edward J.C. Orbock
III, RM SME, Principal Geologist and US Manager of Consulting; Mr.
Edwin Peralta, P.E., Senior Mining Engineer; and Mr. Lynton
Gormely, P.Eng., Consultant Metallurgist of Wood Group (the
“2018 Gibellini
PEA”). The
2018 Gibellini PEA has an effective date of May 29, 2018 and
is available under the Company’s SEDAR profile at
www.sedar.com. Each of the authors of the 2018 Gibellini PEA are
"independent" Qualified Persons within the meaning of
NI 43-101.
The
Gibellini Project is situated entirely on public lands that are
administered by the BLM. No easements or rights of way are required
for access over public lands. Rights-of-way would need to be
acquired for future infrastructure requirements, such as pipelines
and powerlines.
Gibellini Deposit Mineral Resource Estimate and 2018 Gibellini
PEA
On June 25, 2018, the Company filed the 2018 Gibellini PEA, which
provides an updated mineral resource estimate for the Gibellini
Project.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
The 2018 Gibellini PEA replaces the 2017 Gibellini Report. The 2018
Gibellini PEA is preliminary in nature and includes inferred
mineral resources that are too speculative geologically to have
economic considerations applied to them that would enable them to
be categorized as mineral reserves. There is no certainty that the
2018 Gibellini PEA results will be realized. Mineral resources are
not mineral reserves and do not have demonstrated economic
viability.
The 2018 Gibellini PEA disclosed an estimated 7.94 million tons at
a weighted average grade of 0.314% vanadium pentoxide
(“V2O5”)
in the measured category and 15.02 million tons at a weighted
average grade of 0.271% V2O5 in
the Indicated category leading to a total combined measured and
indicated mineral resource of 22.95 million tons at a weighted
average grade of 0.286% V2O5.
Total contained metal content of the measured and indicated mineral
resources is 131.34 million pounds V2O5.
The inferred mineral resource estimate is 14.97 million tons at a
weighted average grade of 0.175% V2O5.
The total contained metal content of the inferred mineral resource
estimate is 52.30 million pounds V2O5.
The table below contains a summary of the Gibellini deposit mineral
resource estimate (the "Gibellini
Deposit Mineral Resource Estimate"), which is derived
from the 2018 Gibellini PEA:
Gibellini Deposit Mineral Resource Estimate***
|
Confidence
Category
|
Domain
|
Cut-offV2O5 (%)
|
Tons(Mt)
|
GradeV2O5
(%)
|
ContainedV2O5 (Mlb)
|
|
Measured
|
Oxide
|
0.101
|
3.96
|
0.251
|
19.87
|
|
Transition
|
0.086
|
3.98
|
0.377
|
29.98
|
|
Indicated
|
Oxide
|
0.101
|
7.83
|
0.222
|
34.76
|
|
Transition
|
0.086
|
7.19
|
0.325
|
46.73
|
|
Total Measured and Indicated
|
|
|
22.95
|
0.286
|
131.34
|
|
Inferred
|
Oxide
|
0.101
|
0.16
|
0.170
|
0.55
|
|
Transition
|
0.086
|
0.01
|
0.180
|
0.03
|
|
Reduced
|
0.116
|
14.80
|
0.175
|
51.72
|
|
Total Inferred
|
|
|
14.97
|
0.175
|
52.30
|
***Notes:
1.
The
Qualified Person for the Gibellini Deposit Mineral Resource
Estimate is Mr. E.J.C. Orbock III, RM SME, an employee of the
Wood Group of companies. The
Gibellini Deposit Mineral Resource Estimate has an effective date
of May 29, 2018.
2.
Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have
demonstrated economic viability.
3.
Mineral resources are reported at various cut-off grades for oxide,
transition, and reduced material.
4.
Mineral
resources are reported within a conceptual pit shell that uses the
following assumptions: mineral resource V2O5
price:
$14.64/lb.; mining cost: $2.21/ton mined; process cost: $13.62/ton;
G&A cost: $0.99/ton processed; metallurgical recovery
assumptions of 60% for oxide material, 70% for transition material
and 52% for reduced material; tonnage factors of 16.86 ft3/ton for
oxide material, 16.35 ft3/ton for transition material and 14.18
ft3/ton for reduced material; royalty: 2.5% net smelter return
(NSR); shipping and conversion costs: $0.37/lb. An overall 40º
pit slope angle assumption was used.
5.
Rounding as required by reporting guidelines may result in apparent
summation differences between tons, grade and contained metal
content. Tonnage and grade measurements are in US units. Grades are
reported in percentages.
Louie Hill Deposit
The Louie Hill deposit lies approximately 1,600 ft south of the
Gibellini deposit.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
The 2018 Gibellini PEA provides an inferred mineral resource of
7.52 million tons at a weighted average grade of 0.276% vanadium
pentoxide (V2O5).
The oxidation domains were not modeled. The total contained metal
content of the estimate is 41.49 million pounds
V2O5.
The table below summarizes the Louie Hill deposit mineral resource
estimate (the "Louie
Hill Deposit Mineral Resource Estimate"):
Louie Hill Deposit Mineral Resource Estimate***
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inferred
|
0.101
|
7.52
|
0.276
|
41.49
|
***Notes:
1.
The Qualified Person for the Louie Hill Deposit Mineral Resource
Estimate is Mr. E.J.C. Orbock III, RM SME, an employee of the Wood
Group of companies . The Louie Hill Deposit Mineral Resource
Estimate has an effective date of May 29, 2018. The resource model
was prepared by Mr. Mark Hertel, RM SME.
2.
Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have
demonstrated economic viability.
3.
Oxidation state was not modeled.
4.
Mineral
resources are reported within a conceptual pit shell that uses the
following assumptions: mineral resource V2O5
price:
$14.64/lb; mining cost: $2.21/ton mined; process cost: $13.62/ton;
G&A cost: $0.99/ton processed; metallurgical recovery
assumptions of 60% for mineralized material; tonnage factors of
16.86 ft3/ton for mineralized material, royalty: 2.5% net smelter
return (NSR); shipping and conversion costs: $0.37/lb. For the
purposes of the Louie Hill Deposit Mineral Resource Estimate, an
overall 40º slope angle assumption was
used.
5.
Rounding as required by reporting guidelines may result in apparent
summation differences between tons, grade and contained metal
content. Tonnage and grade measurements are in US units. Grades are
reported in percentages.
A total of 280 drill holes (about 51,265 ft) have been completed on
the Gibellini Project since 1946, comprising 16 core holes (4,046
ft), 169 rotary drill holes (25,077 ft; note not all drill holes
have footages recorded) and 95 reverse circulation holes (22,142
ft).
The vanadium-hosted argillite unit ranges from 175 to over 300 ft
thick and overlies gray mudstone and black shales. The argillite
has been oxidized to various hues of yellow and orange to a depth
of 100 ft and is believed to have been part an overall homogenous
black shale unit. Alteration (oxidation) of the rocks is classified
as one of three oxide codes: oxidized, transitional, and
reduced.
No significant work has been conducted on the Gibellini Project
since 2015, with some minor prospecting completed in October of
2018. The Company has not completed trenching or drilling
activities since its acquisition of the Gibellini
Project.
The power supply for the Gibellini Project site is assumed to be at
24.9 kV and supplied from a planned substation to be located near
Fish Creek Ranch. This substation would tap and step-down the 69kV
supply carried by the line to the nearby Pan Mine to 24.9kV and
place it on a line to the Gibellini Project. Negotiations with the
power utility, Mt. Wheeler Power, will need to be undertaken to
secure any future power supply contract and transmission line to
the site.
In conformance with BLM permitting requirements and Secretarial
Order 3355, the Company submitted a package of enhanced baseline
reports (the "Enhanced Baseline
Reports") on March 22, 2019.
Following the BLM review of the baseline reports, the Company
submitted the Gibellini Mine Plan of Operations
(the “Gibellini MPO”) to the Battle Mountain District office of
the BLM and the Reclamation Permit application to the State of
Nevada Division of Environmental Protection Bureau of Mining
Regulation and Reclamation on June 28, 2019.
The Gibellini MPO includes over 1,100 pages of detailed development
plans for the Gibellini Project exploration activities, open pit
mining operations and processing facilities to extract and recover
vanadium from the Gibellini deposit with stated average mine
production during the seven-year mine life of 15.7 million tons of
ore material containing 120.5 million pounds of vanadium. The
primary facilities include the: pit, waste rock disposal facility,
mine office, auxiliary facilities such as water and power, crushing
facilities and stockpile, heap leach pad, process facility, water
ponds, borrow areas, and mine and access roads. The Company
currently has no timeline to production.
In addition, the Gibellini MPO includes the following management
plans and engineering studies:
1. quality
assurance plan;
2. storm
water management plan;
3. adaptive
waste rock management plan;
4. monitoring
plan;
5. noxious
weed management plan;
6. spill
contingency plan;
7. feasibility
study level pit slope design;
8. heap
leach and waste rock dump facility stability report;
9. closure
plan;
10. water
management plan;
11. interim
closure plan;
12. transportation
plan;
13. radiation
protection plan;
14. climate
data and surface water hydrology;
15. seismic
hazard analyses; and
16. engineering
design criteria.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
In August 2018, NewFields completed the Gibellini heap leach pad
and waste dump designs as part of an overall basic engineering
design led by M3 Engineering and Technology Corp
On October 31, 2019, the water pollution control permit and air
permit applications were submitted to the Nevada Division of
Environmental Protection (“NDEP “) incorporating the
Newfields and M3 Engineering design packages. The draft air permit
was posted for public comment on July 13, 2020.
2021 PEA Highlights:
The 2021 PEA is preliminary in nature and includes inferred mineral
resources that are considered too speculative geologically to have
the economic considerations applied to them that would enable them
to be categorized as mineral reserves, and there is no certainty
that the PEA will be realized. Mineral resources are not mineral
reserves and do not have demonstrated economic
viability.
All dollar values are expressed in US dollars unless otherwise
noted.
Highlights of the 2021 PEA (after tax):
|
Internal rate
of return
|
25.4%
|
|
Payback
period
|
2.49 years
|
|
Life of
mine
|
11.1 years
|
|
Total V2O5 recovered
|
114.6 million lbs
|
|
Average V2O5 selling price
|
$10 per lb
|
|
Cash operating
cost
|
$4.70 per lb V2O5
|
|
All-in
sustaining cost
|
$6.04 per lb V2O5
|
|
Initial
capital cost including 25% contingency
|
$147 million
|
|
Average
grade
|
0.271% V2O5
|
|
Strip ratio
(waste:leach)
|
0.18:1
|
|
Mining
operating rate
|
9,700 tons per day
|
|
Total material
leached
|
33.4 million tons
|
|
Average V2O5 recovery through direct heap
leaching
|
63.4%
|
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Mineral Resources
The PEA Mineral Resource is based on Measured, Indicated and
Inferred Mineral Resource estimates for the Gibellini deposit and
Inferred Mineral Resource estimates for the Louie Hill and Bisoni
McKay deposits, totaling131.34 million pounds of contained
V2O5 in the Measured and
Indicated categories, and 227.81 million pounds of contained
V2O5 in the Inferred
category.
Mineral Resource Statement, Gibellini
|
Confidence
Category
|
Domain
|
Cut-offV2O5 (%)
|
Tons(kton)
|
GradeV2O5
(%)
|
ContainedV2O5
(klb)
|
|
Measured
|
Oxide
|
0.101
|
3,960
|
0.251
|
19,870
|
|
|
Transition
|
0.086
|
3,980
|
0.377
|
29,980
|
|
Indicated
|
Oxide
|
0.101
|
7,830
|
0.222
|
34,760
|
|
|
Transition
|
0.086
|
7,190
|
0.325
|
46,730
|
|
Total Measured and Indicated
|
|
|
22,950
|
0.286
|
131,340
|
|
Inferred
|
Oxide
|
0.101
|
160
|
0.170
|
550
|
|
|
Transition
|
0.086
|
10
|
0.180
|
30
|
|
|
Reduced
|
0.116
|
14,800
|
0.175
|
51,720
|
|
Total Inferred
|
|
|
14,970
|
0.175
|
52,300
|
Notes:
1.
The Qualified Person for the estimate is Mr. Todd Wakefield, RM SME
of Mine Technical Services Ltd. The Mineral Resources have an
effective date of 5 June
2021. The resource model was prepared by Mr. E.J.C. Orbock III, RM
SME.
2.
Mineral Resources that are not Mineral Reserves do not have
demonstrated economic viability.
3.
Mineral Resources are reported at various cut-off grades for oxide,
transition, and reduced material.
4.
Mineral Resources are reported within a conceptual pit shell that
uses the following assumptions: Mineral Resource V2O5 price of
$14.64/lb; mining cost: $2.21/st mined; process cost: $13.62/st
processed; general and administrative (G&A) cost: $0.99/st
processed; metallurgical recovery assumptions of 60% for oxide
material, 70% for transition material and 52% for reduced material;
tonnage factors of 16.86 ft3/st for oxide
material, 16.35 ft3/st for transition
material and 14.18 ft3/st for reduced
material; royalty: 2.5% net smelter return (NSR); shipping and
conversion costs: $0.37/lb. An overall 40° pit slope angle
assumption was used.
5.
Rounding as required by reporting guidelines may result in apparent
summation differences between tons, grade and contained metal
content. Tonnage and grade measurements are in US units. Grades are
reported in percentages.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Mineral
Resource Statement, Louie Hill
|
Confidence
Category
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inferred
|
0.101
|
7,520
|
0.276
|
41,490
|
Notes:
1.
The Qualified Person for the estimate is Mr. Todd Wakefield, RM
SME, of Mine Technical Services Ltd. The Mineral Resources have an
effective date of 5 June 2021.
The resource model was prepared by Mr. Mark Hertel, RM
SME.
2.
Mineral Resources that are not Mineral Reserves do not have
demonstrated economic viability.
3.
Oxidation state was not modeled.
4.
Mineral Resources are reported within a conceptual pit shell that
uses the following assumptions: Mineral Resource V2O5 price of
$14.64/lb; mining cost: $2.21/st mined; process cost: $13.62/st
processed; general and administrative (G&A) cost: $0.99/st
processed; metallurgical recovery assumptions of 60% for
mineralized material; tonnage factors of 16.86 ft3/st for mineralized
material; royalty: 2.5% net smelter return (NSR); shipping and
conversion costs: $0.37/lb. An overall 40° pit slope angle
assumption was used.
5.
Rounding as required by reporting guidelines may result in apparent
summation differences between tons, grade and contained metal
content. Tonnage and grade measurements are in US units. Grades are
reported in percentages.
Mineral
Resource Statement, Bisoni–McKay
|
Area
|
ConfidenceCategory
|
Domain
|
Cut-offV2O5 (%)
|
Tons(kton)
|
GradeV2O5 (%)
|
ContainedV2O5
(klb)
|
|
North
Area A
|
Inferred
|
Oxide
|
0.107
|
6,970
|
0.29
|
39,720
|
|
|
Transition
|
0.124
|
1,500
|
0.33
|
9,900
|
|
|
Reduced
|
0.139
|
9,080
|
0.39
|
70,580
|
|
Total
North Area A
|
Inferred
|
All
|
Variable
|
17,540
|
0.34
|
120,210
|
|
South Area B
|
Inferred
|
Oxide
|
0.107
|
1,470
|
0.28
|
8,160
|
|
|
Transition
|
0.124
|
320
|
0.40
|
2,540
|
|
|
Reduced
|
0.139
|
510
|
0.30
|
3,100
|
|
Total
South Area B
|
Inferred
|
All
|
Variable
|
2,300
|
0.30
|
13,810
|
|
Total
|
Inferred
|
All
|
Variable
|
19,850
|
0.34
|
134,020
|
Notes:
1.
The Qualified Person for the estimate is Mr. Todd Wakefield, RM
SME, of Mine Technical Services Ltd. The Mineral Resources have an
effective date of 5 June 2021.
2.
Mineral Resources are reported at various cut-off grades for oxide,
transition, and reduced material.
3.
Mineral Resources are reported within a conceptual pit shell that
uses the following assumptions: Mineral Resource V2O5 price of
$11.50/lb; mining cost: $2.90/st mined; process cost: $13.75/st;
general and administrative (G&A) cost: $1.00/st processed;
metallurgical recovery assumptions of 65% for oxide material, 56%
for transition material and 50% for reduced material; tonnage
factors of 16.86 ft3/st for oxide
material, 16.35 ft3/st for transition
material and 14.18 ft3/st for reduced
material; royalty: 2.5% net smelter return (NSR); shipping and
conversion costs: $0.625/lb. An overall 40° pit slope angle
assumption was used.
4.
Rounding as required by reporting guidelines may result in apparent
summation differences between tons, grade and contained metal
content. Tonnage and grade measurements are in US units. Grades are
reported in percentages.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Mining & Processing
A
subset of the Gibellini and Louie Hill Mineral Resource estimates
were adopted in the 2021 PEA mine plan. Bisoni McKay Mineral
Resource estimate was not included in the mine plan in the 2021 PEA
to better reflect the Company’s already submitted plan of
operation in its permitting efforts.
Subset of the Gibellini Mineral Resource Estimate within the 2021
PEA Mine Plan
|
Leach Material
|
Domain
|
Cutoff V2O5
(%)
|
Tons ('000)
|
V2O5
Grade (%)
|
Contained V2O5
Lbs ('000)
|
|
Measured
|
Oxide
|
0.135
|
3,890
|
0.253
|
19,684
|
|
Transition
|
0.135
|
3,944
|
0.378
|
29,824
|
|
Reduced
|
0.135
|
-
|
0.000
|
-
|
|
Indicated
|
Oxide
|
0.135
|
6,246
|
0.240
|
30,024
|
|
Transition
|
0.135
|
7,056
|
0.316
|
44,624
|
|
Reduced
|
0.135
|
-
|
0.000
|
-
|
|
Total Measured and Indicated
|
|
|
21,136
|
0.294
|
124,156
|
|
Inferred
|
Oxide
|
0.135
|
116
|
0.174
|
403
|
|
Transition
|
0.135
|
-
|
0.000
|
-
|
|
Reduced
|
0.135
|
5,183
|
0.163
|
16,919
|
|
Total Inferred
|
|
|
5,299
|
0.163
|
17,323
|
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Subset of the Louie Hill Mineral Resource Estimate within the 2021
PEA Mine Plan
|
Leach
Material
|
Domain
|
Cut-off(%)
|
Tonnage(kton)
|
V2O5(%)
|
V2O5(klb)
|
|
Inferred
|
Oxide
|
0.155
|
6,963
|
0.282
|
39,315
|
|
Transition
|
0.155
|
—
|
0.000
|
-
|
|
Reduced
|
0.155
|
—
|
0.000
|
-
|
|
Total Inferred
|
|
|
6,963
|
0.282
|
39,315
|
Capital
and operating costs for the 2021 PEA are based on supplying 3 Mt of
crushed and agglomerated leach material annually from two open pits
at Gibellini and Louie Hill. Initial mine development will be
focused on Gibellini, with Louie Hill following nine years
later.
Mining at the Gibellini and Louie Hill deposits is planned to be a
conventional open pit mine using a truck and loader fleet
consisting of 100-ton trucks and front-end loaders. A power line
would be constructed from an existing transmission line and water
will be leased from a private ranch. Both water and power sources
are within five miles of the planned mining
operations.
The average annual mine production during the 11.1 year mine life
will be 3.56 million tons of leach material (3 Mst) and waste (0.56
Mst) at a strip ratio of 0.18 (w:l).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,002
|
2
|
2,573
|
424
|
2
|
3,000
|
0.298
|
17,877
|
10,915
|
|
|
3,072
|
72
|
2,025
|
974
|
1
|
3,000
|
0.320
|
19,221
|
12,297
|
|
|
3,117
|
117
|
766
|
2,185
|
50
|
3,000
|
0.401
|
24,059
|
16,293
|
|
|
3,096
|
96
|
2,423
|
577
|
0
|
3,000
|
0.227
|
13,602
|
8,638
|
|
|
3,081
|
81
|
1,096
|
1,862
|
42
|
3,000
|
0.281
|
16,881
|
11,252
|
|
|
3,011
|
11
|
395
|
2,158
|
447
|
3,000
|
0.292
|
17,519
|
11,824
|
|
|
5,943
|
2,943
|
641
|
1,817
|
542
|
3,000
|
0.224
|
13,447
|
8,926
|
|
|
4,232
|
1,232
|
308
|
960
|
1,732
|
3,000
|
0.178
|
10,657
|
6,409
|
|
|
3,203
|
203
|
591
|
44
|
2,365
|
3,000
|
0.187
|
11,214
|
6,121
|
|
|
3,067
|
67
|
3,000
|
0
|
0
|
3,000
|
0.364
|
21,857
|
12,999
|
|
|
4,191
|
1,191
|
3,000
|
0
|
0
|
3,000
|
0.218
|
13,057
|
7,922
|
|
|
518
|
121
|
397
|
0
|
0
|
397
|
0.177
|
1,405
|
870
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
101
|
|
|
39,533
|
6,136
|
17,215
|
11,000
|
5,183
|
33,397
|
0.271
|
180,794
|
114,568
|
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Mining will be completed using contract mining, with Silver
Elephant’s mining staff overseeing the contracted mining
operation and performing the mine engineering and survey
work.
The processing method envisioned will be to feed leach material
from the mine via loader to a hopper that will feed a crushing
plant. The leach material will be fed to the agglomerator where
sulfuric acid, flocculent and water will be added to achieve
adequate agglomeration. The agglomerated leach material will be
transported to a stacker on the leach pad, which will stack the
material to a height of 15 feet. Once the material is stacked,
solution will be added to the leach heap at a rate of 0.0025
gallons per minute per square foot. The solution will be collected
in a pond and this pregnant leach solution (“PLS”) will
be sent to the process building for metal recovery. In the process
building, the PLS will go through solvent extraction
(“SX”) and stripping processes to produce vanadium
pentoxide.
Capital and Operating Costs
During
the capital period, an initial leach pad having a capacity of 16.7
Mst will be constructed and will be followed by one expansion of
approximately 16.7 Mst. The total initial capital cost is estimated
at approximately $147 million.
Project Capital Cost Estimate
|
Cost Description
|
|
|
Open
Pit Mine
|
|
Mobile
equipment
|
122
|
|
On Site
Infrastructure
|
|
Site
preparation
|
2,740
|
|
Roads
|
1,577
|
|
Water
supply
|
2,263
|
|
Sanitary
system
|
69
|
|
On-site
electrical
|
2,325
|
|
Communications
|
187
|
|
Contact
water ponds
|
186
|
|
Non-process
facilities - buildings
|
8,594
|
|
Process
Facilities
|
|
Material
handling
|
21,730
|
|
Heap
leach system
|
22,033
|
|
Process
plant
|
24,167
|
|
Off-Site
Infrastructure
|
|
Water
system
|
5,095
|
|
Electrical
supply system
|
3,657
|
|
First
fills
|
975
|
|
Total Direct Cost
|
95,720
|
|
Construction
indirect costs
|
5,355
|
|
Sales
Tax/OH&P
|
5,333
|
|
EPCM
|
11,178
|
|
Contingency
|
29,396
|
|
Total Project Cost
|
146,982
|
Note: OH&P = overhead and profit, EPCM = engineering,
procurement and construction management
Sustaining capital is estimated at $25.2 million.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Sustaining Capital Costs
|
Description
|
|
|
Leach pad
expansions
|
23,069
|
|
Haul road to Louie
Hill
|
814
|
|
Storm water
controls Louie Hill pit/waste rock facility/roads
|
386
|
|
Equipment annual
allowance
|
971
|
|
Total
Sustaining Capital
|
25,240
|
Operating costs are estimated to average $16.12 per ton leached, or
$4.7/lb V2O5 recovered
Operating Costs
|
Total Cash Operating Cost
|
|
$ per lb of V2O5
Recovered
|
|
G&A
|
0.97
|
0.28
|
|
Mining
Cost
|
3.36
|
0.98
|
|
Total
Processing Cost
|
11.79
|
3.44
|
|
Total
|
16.12
|
4.70
|
The cash operating costs in the first half of the Gibellini project
covering years 1–7 is $4.20 per lb of V2O5
produced
and for years 8–12 is $5.87 per lb of V2O5
produced,
resulting in a weighted average cash cost of $4.70 per lb of
V2O5
produced
and all-in sustaining cost of $6.04/lb. The cash operating cost is
lower in the first half of the Gibellini project due to processing
of higher-grade material.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Vanadium Recoveries and Metallurgical Testing
Approximately 114.6 million pounds of V2O5
is expected
to be produced from the Gibellini and Louie Hill leaching
operations at an average recovery of 63.4% (oxide: 60%, transition:
70% and reduced: 52%). The heap leaching will be performed at
ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure without pre-roasting
or other beneficiation process. The PLS will be continuously
collected with leach material undergoing, on average, a 150-day
heap-leaching cycle.
The direct heap leach vanadium recovery estimates used in the 2021
PEA were based on extensive metallurgical test work performed by
SGS Lakefield Research Laboratories, Dawson Minerals Laboratories,
and McClelland Laboratories. Samples were selected from a range of
depths within the Gibellini deposit and are considered to be
representative of the various types and styles of mineralization
within that deposit. Samples were obtained to ensure that tests
were performed on sufficient sample mass. The end results
demonstrated low acid consumption (less than 100 lb acid
consumption per ton leached) and high recovery through direct
leaching.
Solvent extraction processing was conducted to recover vanadium
from sulfuric acid PLS generated during pilot column testing on
bulk leach samples from the Gibellini project. Laboratory-scale
testing was conducted on select solutions generated during the
pilot SX processing, to optimize the SX processing conditions.
Additional laboratory scale testing was successfully conducted on
the loaded strip solution to purify, precipitate and extract final
marketable vanadium-bearing products.
Sensitivity Analysis
The tables below show the sensitivity analysis to the vanadium
pentoxide price, grade, and to the PEA capital cost and operating
costs. A sensitivity analysis to vanadium price indicates strong
project economics even in very challenging conditions, and that the
Gibellini project is well positioned to benefit from the current
rising vanadium price environment. A 30% increase in the vanadium
price to $13/lb V2O5 relative
to the base case translates to a 42% IRR and $295.4 million
after-tax net present value at a 7% discount
rate.
Sensitivity Analysis to Changes Vanadium Price
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
45
|
14.50
|
49%
|
377.0
|
671.5
|
|
30
|
13.00
|
42%
|
295.4
|
536.8
|
|
15
|
11.50
|
34%
|
212.3
|
399.7
|
|
Base
Case
|
10.00
|
25%
|
127.9
|
260.8
|
|
-15
|
8.50
|
14%
|
42.1
|
122.3
|
|
-30
|
7.00
|
0%
|
(55.8)
|
(38.9)
|
|
-45
|
5.50
|
0
|
(155.1)
|
(202.0)
|
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Sensitivity Analysis to Changes in Vanadium Grades
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
45
|
48%
|
363.8
|
649.7
|
|
30
|
41%
|
286.6
|
522.2
|
|
15
|
34%
|
207.7
|
392.2
|
|
Base
Case
|
25%
|
127.9
|
260.8
|
|
-15
|
15%
|
46.9
|
130.0
|
|
-30
|
0%
|
(45.2)
|
(21.4)
|
|
-45
|
0
|
(139.0)
|
(175.5)
|
Sensitivity Analysis to Changes in Capital Cost
Estimates
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
45
|
14%
|
69.2
|
197.5
|
|
30
|
17%
|
89.2
|
218.6
|
|
15
|
21%
|
108.6
|
239.7
|
|
Base
Case
|
25%
|
127.9
|
260.8
|
|
-15
|
31%
|
146.9
|
281.9
|
|
-30
|
38%
|
165.8
|
303.0
|
|
-45
|
0
|
184.7
|
324.1
|
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Sensitivity
Analysis to Changes in Operating Cost Estimates OPEX
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
45
|
8%
|
3.6
|
50.6
|
|
30
|
15%
|
49.2
|
128.5
|
|
15
|
21%
|
89.2
|
195.3
|
|
Base
Case
|
25%
|
127.9
|
260.8
|
|
-15
|
29%
|
166.4
|
326.7
|
|
-30
|
33%
|
203.7
|
390.7
|
|
-45
|
0
|
239.9
|
452.6
|
Permitting
A Notice of Intent (“NOI”) to prepare an Environmental
Impact Statement (“EIS”) for the Gibellini project was
published on July 14, 2020 in the Federal Register. The NOI
commences the National Environmental Policy Act
(“NEPA”) review by the Bureau of Land Management
(“BLM”). The Gibellini project conforms to the current
U.S. administrations green energy initiatives and the EIS Record Of
Decision (“ROD”) is expected in early 2022. Operating
permits from the State of Nevada are on track to be received on the
same timeline as the ROD. The renewable energy alternative in the
EIS includes 6 MW of solar panels and a 10 MW vanadium flow battery
to provide 100% of the Gibellini project’s electrical power
demand. If selected by the BLM, the Gibellini project would be the
first mine in the US completely powered by renewable energy. The
Gibellini project would also be the first primary vanadium mine in
the U.S.
Vanadium as a Critical Metal
Vanadium was designated a critical material by the U.S. government
in 2018 due to its importance to the defense and energy storage
sectors and there being no domestic production with all supply
through imports, mostly from Russia, China, and South
Africa.
Vanadium alloy steel is 30% lighter than non-alloyed steel, with
double the tensile strength. It is used extensively in the
aerospace and defense sectors, as well as in skyscraper
construction. A structural vanadium deficit is expected to occur by
2025 with the rising popularity of the vanadium redox flow battery
which is a mature technology featuring up to an eight-hour duration
discharge and is scalable to hundreds of megawatt hours. Battery
life is projected to be a minimum of 20 years with no expected
degradation of the vanadium or the charge density.
Expansion Potential
Opportunity exists to upgrade the Gibellini, Louie Hill and Bisoni
Mckay Inferred Mineral Resources to higher confidence categories
through drilling, and to incorporate Bisoni McKay Mineral Resources
in future economic studies.
The acquisition of the Bisoni McKay deposit in September of 2020
significantly expanded the Company’s land position from
approximately 7 km of Woodruff Formation strike to 21 km . The
Woodruff Formation is the host of the vanadium mineralization in
the three deposits. Numerous vanadium-bearing surface rocks were
identified by the Company in its 2019 reconnssance program of
surface exposures of the Woodruff Formation. These may warrant
drill programs upon further investigation (see Company’s
press release dated May 26, 2019).
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Data Verification
Data verification performed in support of the Mineral Resource
estimates included in the technical report that supports the 2021
PEA included site visits; review of QA/QC data, sampling analytical
data and drill campaigns; database verification; review of
metallurgical data and metallurgical recovery assumptions including
projected leach pad performance; review of mine and recovery plan
assumptions; and review of commodity price, capital and operating
cost assumptions.
Gibellini Project Exploration Prospects
Big Sky Prospect (300m by 50m)
The Big
Sky prospect occurs 3.1 kilometers southwest of the Gibellini Hill
measured and indicated resource and 1.8 kilometers southwest of the
Louie Hill inferred resource. A total of 62 samples were taken, of
which 40% (n=25) returned
assays greater than Gibellini cut-off grade. Sixteen (16) samples
returned assays >0.200 V2O5. The distribution of samples occurs
along a 300-meter exposure of the Woodruff Formation. Assays
showing >0.200 V2O5 are shown in table below.
V2O5% grab sample assay results at Big Sky prospect for samples
with >0.200%
|
SAMPLE
ID
|
Prospect
|
V2O5
%
|
|
301910
|
Big
Sky
|
0.261
|
|
301913
|
Big
Sky
|
0.223
|
|
301915
|
Big
Sky
|
0.346
|
|
301916
|
Big
Sky
|
0.400
|
|
301918
|
Big
Sky
|
0.712
|
|
301920
|
Big
Sky
|
0.264
|
|
301926
|
Big
Sky
|
0.580
|
|
301927
|
Big
Sky
|
2.008
|
|
301928
|
Big
Sky
|
0.848
|
|
301944
|
Big
Sky
|
0.264
|
|
301946
|
Big
Sky
|
0.280
|
|
301947
|
Big
Sky
|
0.218
|
|
301950
|
Big
Sky
|
0.261
|
|
302050
|
Big
Sky
|
0.214
|
|
302054
|
Big
Sky
|
0.787
|
|
302055
|
Big
Sky
|
1.982
|
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Middle Earth Prospect (200m by 70m)
The
Middle Earth prospect occurs 1.7 kilometers southeast of the
Gibellini Hill deposit and 300 meters south of the Louie Hill
deposit. A total of 50 samples were collected of which 68%
(n=34) returned assays
>0.101% V2O5 or the Gibellini cut-off grade. Twenty-seven (27)
samples returned assays >0.200 V2O5. The samples are distributed
over 3 road cuts of exposed Woodruff Formation making up a 200
meter by 70-meter areal footprint. Assays showing >0.200 V2O5
are shown in the following table.
V2O5% grab sample assay results at Middle Earth prospect for
samples with >0.200%
|
SAMPLE
ID
|
Prospect
|
V2O5
%
|
|
301951
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.350
|
|
301952
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.482
|
|
301968
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.628
|
|
301969
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.605
|
|
301970
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.634
|
|
301972
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.252
|
|
301973
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.687
|
|
301974
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.470
|
|
301975
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.612
|
|
301976
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.637
|
|
301978
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.559
|
|
301979
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.557
|
|
301980
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.259
|
|
301981
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.405
|
|
301983
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.255
|
|
301984
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.303
|
|
301985
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.434
|
|
301987
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.291
|
|
301988
|
Middle
Earth
|
1.294
|
|
301989
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.261
|
|
301991
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.314
|
|
301992
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.457
|
|
301993
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.380
|
|
301995
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.302
|
|
301998
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.539
|
|
301999
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.618
|
|
302000
|
Middle
Earth
|
0.532
|
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Northeast Trench Prospect (500m by 300m)
The
Northeast Trench prospect occurs 1.2 kilometers northeast of the
Gibellini Hill deposit and 2.5 kilometers northeast of the Louie
Hill deposit. A total of 43 samples were collected of which 37%
(n=16) returned assays
>0.101% V2O5 or the Gibellini cut-off grade. Three (3) samples
returned assays >0.200 V2O5. The samples are distributed through
road cuts (“trenches”) and dry gulches of exposed
Woodruff Formation making up a 500 meter by 350-meter areal
footprint. The exposure at the Northeast Trench is greatly obscured
by colluvium material however the extent where it is exposed might
indicate a large volume of Woodruff Formation yet to be explored.
Assays showing >0.200 V2O5 are shown in the following
table.
V2O5% grab sample assay results at Northeast Trench prospect for
samples with >0.200%
|
SAMPLE
ID
|
Prospect
|
V2O5
%
|
|
302004
|
NE
Trench
|
0.239
|
|
302005
|
NE
Trench
|
0.380
|
|
302016
|
NE
Trench
|
0.303
|
Bisoni-McKay Claims
On
August 24, 2020 the Company announced it had commenced the
acquisition of the Bisoni-McKay Project from CellCube. This
transaction was successfully completed and announced on September
18, 2020.
There
exist several highly prospective exploration targets in between and
around the Gibellini and Bisoni McKay deposits (the two are 14
kilometers apart) along the northeast – southwest corridor
such as the Big Sky prospect, the Middle Earth prospect and the
North East prospect (from Gibellini Project) and BMK and BR zones
(from the Bisoni Project) all with outcropping surface vanadium
mineralization that could potentially ultimately lead to additional
vanadium mineral discoveries.
Project Activities
Water supply
On
August 20, 2018, the Company secured water supply for the Gibellini
Project construction and operation. The Company signed a 10-year
agreement (the "Water Supply Agreement") with the owner of a
private ranch, located approximately 14.5 kilometers from the
Gibellini Project. The Water Supply Agreement can be extended for
any number of additional 7-year terms, not to exceed (with the
primary term) a total of 99 years.
Under
the terms of the Water Supply Agreement, the lessor granted to the
Company the rights to 805 acre-feet (approximately 262.4 million
gallons) of water per year for the Gibellini Project, at a minimum
flow rate of 500 gallons per minute (“gpm”) from its
year-round springs surface water stream. The water flow rate was
measured at the ranch springs in 1965, in 1981, from December 2011
to September 2013, and most recently, in 2017. The water flow rate
ranges from 1,000 to 3,900 gpm with an average flow rate of 2,690
gpm, which exceeds the project’s maximum water operational
requirement of 420 gpm based on the process engineering design
prepared by Scotia International of Nevada, Inc. as a part of
engineering, procurement, construction and management work done in
2014 license.
The
Gibellini Project completed water-related baseline studies
including the drilling of water-test wells, water source data
collection, characterization, flow rate testing and modeling. Due
to the fact that the Water Supply Agreement provides a source of
water from surface springs located on a private ranch and baseline
studies related to it have been completed, the Company expects to
significantly expedite the permitting process by eliminating the
need to appropriate water rights from the Nevada Division of Water
Resources.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Offtake and Project Financing
The
Company has received unsolicited expressions of interest from
various potential investment sources and is currently engaged in
discussions with potential cornerstone investors, vanadium product
off-takers on potential equity, debt and prepaid off-take financing
possibilities. The Company expects to report material progress in
due course. Currently the Company has no timeline to production or
project financing.
Permitting
On October 31, 2019, the Company submitted permit
applications for the Water Pollution Control Permit and the Class
II Air Quality Permit. These Nevada state permits have been
developed to provide construction level engineering that supports
the mine plan previously submitted to the BLM in the Plan of
Operations. Comments received from the BLM were used as guidance in
the engineering design to ensure the State and Federal Permits are
aligned and reflect the most current guidance provided by both the
NDEP and BLM.
NDEP Water Pollution Control Permit
Mining
in Nevada is regulated under the authority of the Nevada Revised
Statutes (NRS) 445A.300-NRS 445A.730 and the Nevada Administrative
Code (NAC) 445A.350-NAC 445A.447. Water Pollution Control Permits
("WPCP") are issued to an
operator prior to the construction of any mining, milling, or other
beneficiation process activity. Facilities utilizing chemicals for
processing ores are required to meet a zero-discharge performance
standard such that waters of the State will not be
degraded.
The
engineering design for heap leaching, the processing facility, and
the mine design (M3 Engineering and Newfields Companies, LLC) was
integrated into to the site closure plan that was also submitted as
part of the WPCP application. This design will facilitate
concurrent closure of the heap as each heap cell is finished
leaching. This will allow the closure plan to be initiated during
operations. At the end of active mining, the site can be closed at
minimal technical risk. This reduces the closure duration and
liability and the commensurate reclamation bond.
Air Quality Class II Permit
The
Nevada Bureau of Air Pollution Control issues air quality operating
permits to stationary and temporary mobile sources that emit
regulated pollutants to ensure that these emissions do not harm
public health or cause significant deterioration in areas that
presently have clean air. This is achieved by stipulating specific
permit conditions designed to limit the amount of pollutants that
sources may emit into the air as a regular part of their business
processes.
Any
process/activity that is an emission source requires an air quality
permit. Nevada Revised Statute (NRS) 445B.155 defines an emission
source as “any property, real or personal, which directly
emits or may emit any air contaminant.”
The
Class II Permit for Gibellini is for facilities that emit less than
100 tons per year for any one regulated pollutant. Since the
vanadium processing will utilize a heap leach, the emissions will
be under the threshold for more complex air permits. The
engineering design incorporates stringent emission control
technology to minimize emissions. The modeled emissions from the
entire Gibellini Project are well below the National Ambient Air
Quality Standards (“NAAQS”).
The
Enhanced Baseline Reports (“EBR’s”) were extensively
used in the Project engineering design to ensure that potential
environmental impacts identified in the EBR’s would be
avoided or minimized by facility design. These engineering controls
help ensure that avoidance of potential environmental impacts is
“built into” the project from the start of the design
process. Doing so will allow environmental protection measures to
be taken to minimize the risk of impacts that cannot be completely
avoided in the design and ensure up-front project planning that is
sensitive to all environmental resources.
Integration with BLM 12-month 3355 Environmental Impact Statement
Process
The
Nevada state permit applications were brought forward in the
permitting process to identify any issues resulting from NDEP
review that could affect the project design in the plan of
operations early. By resolving the State permitting issues prior to
the start of the EIS, it will help ensure that the 12-month
schedule mandated by the BLM Secretarial Order 3355 (S.O. 3355) can
be met and interruptions to the schedule can be
avoided.
On July 14, 2020, the NOI to prepare the EIS was published in the
Federal Register. The NOI formally commences the 12-month timeline
to complete the National Environmental Policy Act review and EIS
preparation by the BLM. The NEPA process is designed to help public
officials complete permitting decisions that are protective of the
environment and includes a public engagement process.
A news release dated July 16, 2020 from the BLM Mount Lewis Office
stated the following: “If approved, this
project would provide hundreds of jobs and will contribute to the
nation’s domestic source of critical minerals,” said
Doug Furtado, Battle Mountain District Manager. “The
Gibellini mine would also be the first vanadium mine in the U.S.
and, in accordance with Secretarial Order 3355, we anticipate
having a record of decision in 12 months.
As there is currently no primary domestic production of vanadium,
the United States is dependent on foreign sources of vanadium; this
creates a strategic vulnerability for both the economy and military
to adverse government action or other events that can disrupt the
supply of this key mineral.”
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
The Company continues with its EPCM work and expects Phase 1 of the
EPCM, updating basic engineering design, to be completed by 2020;
Phase 2, equipment procurement and detailed engineering design, to
be completed in 2021; Phase 3, facilities construction, to start in
2022 and be completed in 2023 with the Gibellini Project wet
commissioning expected to be in 2023.
In August 30, 2021, the Company announced the results of a
preliminary economic assessment (the “2021
PEA”) for the
Gibellini Project demonstrates an after-tax internal rate of return
(“IRR”)
of 25.4%, and after-tax cumulative cash flow of $260.8 million,
assuming an average vanadium pentoxide (V2O5)
price of $10.00 per pound.
The 2021 PEA was prepared by Wood Group USA,
Inc.(“Wood”)
and Mine Technical Services Ltd.(“MTS”)
and is available under the Company’s SEDAR
profile.
During
the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company incurred
total costs of $2,085,113 (nine months ended September 30, 2020 -
$1,840,963) for the Gibellini Project including of $Nil (nine
months ended September 30, 2020 - $16,489) for acquisition of new
claims, $1,221,580 (nine months ended September 30, 2020 -
$687,546) for geological and engineering services, $610,103 (nine
months ended September 30, 2020 - $984,320) for personnel, legal,
general and administrative expenses, and $253,430 (nine months
ended September 30, 2020 - $169,096) for fees and
taxes.
The
Company intends to continue with the permitting process to obtain
necessary permits and authorizations prior to conducting
Project-related activities to ensure compliance with all applicable
regulatory requirements. The permits the Company expects to receive
are presented in the following table:
Required Permits and Regulatory Authorizations for Gibellini
Project
|
Permits and Authorizations
|
Regulatory Agency
|
|
Plan of
Operations/Record of Decision
|
Bureau
of Land Management
|
|
Explosives
Permit
|
U.S.
Department of the Treasury, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and
Firearms
|
|
Surface
Disturbance Permit and Class II Air Quality Operating
Permit
|
Nevada
Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Division of
Environmental Protection, Bureau of Air Quality
|
|
Water
Pollution Control Permit
|
Nevada
Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Division of
Environmental Protection, Bureau of Mining Regulation and
Reclamation
|
|
Mining
Reclamation Permit
|
Nevada
Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Division of
Environmental Protection, Bureau of Mining Regulation and
Reclamation
|
|
Industrial
Artificial Pond Permit
|
Nevada
Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Nevada Department
of Wildlife (NDOW)
|
|
Class
III Waiver Landfill Permit
|
Nevada
Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Division of
Environmental Protection, Bureau of Solid Waste
|
|
General
Discharge Permit (Stormwater)
|
Nevada
Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Division of
Environmental Protection, Bureau of Water Pollution
Control
|
|
Hazardous
Materials Storage Permit
|
State
of Nevada, Fire Marshall Division
|
|
Hazardous
Waste Identification Number
|
United
States Environmental Protection Agency
|
|
Septic
Treatment Permit
Sewage
Disposal System Permit
|
Nevada
Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Division of
Environmental Protection, Bureau of Water Pollution
Control
|
|
Potable
Water System Permit
|
Nevada
Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Division of
Environmental Protection, Bureau of Safe Drinking
Water
|
|
Radioactive
Materials License
|
Nevada
Department of Health and Human Services, Nevada State Health
Division, Radiological Health Section
|
|
Dam
Safety Permit
|
State
of Nevada Division of Water Resources
|
|
Local Permits
|
|
County
Road Use and Maintenance Permit/Agreement
|
Eureka
County Building Planning Department
|
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
MINAGO PROJECT, MANITOBA, CANADA
Silver Elephant Mining Corp. acquired Minago Nickel Project located
in Thompson nickel belt (“TNB”), Manitoba, Canada (the “Minago
Project”) in February 2021.
The Minago Project is located in the southern extent of
Manitoba’s TNB. Manitoba Provincial Highway 6 and a
high-voltage (230 kV) transmission line both transect the Minago
project area. Vale currently mines and produces nickel concentrates
in Thompson at the heart of the TNB, 270 km northeast of the Minago
project. Its nickel concentrates are shipped by rail to its Sudbury
smelter for processing to refined nickel.
The
2010 feasibility study completed on behalf of Victory Nickel Inc.
for the Minago Project is now historical in nature and no longer
applies. However, that study includes results of a metallurgical
test program that developed a sulphidic nickel head grade-recovery
curve for use in pit optimization and economic assessment of the
project. Flotation development tests and locked cycle tests (LCT)
were conducted on a master composite of open pit mineralization
samples having grades of 0.54% total Ni and 0.36% sulphidic Ni.
Results of this work indicated that a nickel concentrate containing
22.27% Ni and 10.43% MgO can be produced with an equivalent
sulphidic nickel recovery of 77.2% and a total nickel recovery of
52.3% (Feasibility Study, Minago Nickel Mine, dated March 4, 2010,
prepared by Wardrop Engineering Inc. for Victory Nickel Inc. and
filed on SEDAR by Victory Nickel Inc.). These historical
metallurgical results are relevant to ongoing evaluation of the
Minago Project, and the Company intends to thoroughly evaluate them
through a new metallurgical program that will support its plan to
move the Minago Project forward through feasibility assessment
leading to production.
On July 6, 2021, the Company announced results of a new mineral
resource estimate (“MRE”) for the Minago Project. The MRE
has an effective date of July 2, 2021 and includes a Measured and
Indicated mineral resource of 722 million lbs of contained nickel
and an Inferred mineral resource of 319 million lbs of contained
nickel. All resources occur within a mineral lease that is
surrounded by 94 mineral claims plus a second mineral lease held by
the Company, comprising a total area of 197 km2.
There are no known legal, political, environmental, or other risks
identified by the Company at the July 2, 2021 effective date that
would materially affect potential future development of the Minago
Project.
The MRE
was prepared by Mercator Mercator”). AGP Mining Consultants
(“AGP”) provided
pit optimization and associated services. Stantec Ltd.
(“Stantec”)
provided site visit and professional support on environmental
permitting review. All three firms are independent of Silver
Elephant as defined under NI 43-101.
Table 1: Minago Project Mineral Resource Estimate – Effective
July 2, 2021
|
Type
|
Ni % Cut-off
|
Category
|
Rounded Tonnes
|
Ni %
|
Ni lbs (millions)
|
|
Open Pit
|
0.25
|
Measured
|
11,490,000
|
0.73
|
184.92
|
|
Indicated
|
12,450,000
|
0.69
|
189.39
|
|
Measured and Indicated
|
23,940,000
|
0.71
|
374.30
|
|
Inferred
|
2,070,000
|
0.57
|
26.01
|
|
Underground
|
0.5
|
Measured
|
610,000
|
0.81
|
10.89
|
|
Indicated
|
19,680,000
|
0.77
|
334.08
|
|
Measured and Indicated
|
20,290,000
|
0.77
|
344.97
|
|
Inferred
|
17,480,000
|
0.76
|
292.88
|
|
Combined
|
0.25/0.50
|
Measured
|
12,100,000
|
0.73
|
194.73
|
|
Indicated
|
32,130,000
|
0.74
|
524.17
|
|
Measured and Indicated
|
44,230,000
|
0.74
|
721.58
|
|
Inferred
|
19,550,000
|
0.74
|
318.94
|
See notes following Table 3
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Table 2: Nose Zone Mineral Resource Estimate – Effective Date
July 2, 2021
|
Type
|
Ni % Cut-off
|
Category
|
Rounded Tonnes
|
Ni %
|
Ni lbs (millions)
|
|
Open Pit
|
0.25
|
Measured
|
11,490,000
|
0.73
|
184.92
|
|
Indicated
|
10,310,000
|
0.70
|
159.11
|
|
Measured and Indicated
|
21,800,000
|
0.72
|
344.02
|
|
Inferred
|
1,410,000
|
0.51
|
15.85
|
|
Underground
|
0.5
|
Measured
|
610,000
|
0.81
|
10.89
|
|
Indicated
|
13,870,000
|
0.80
|
244.62
|
|
Measured and Indicated
|
14,480,000
|
0.80
|
255.52
|
|
Inferred
|
10,610,000
|
0.80
|
187.13
|
|
Combined
|
0.25/0.50
|
Measured
|
12,100,000
|
0.73
|
194.73
|
|
Indicated
|
24,180,000
|
0.76
|
405.14
|
|
Measured and Indicated
|
36,280,000
|
0.75
|
599.88
|
|
Inferred
|
12,020,000
|
0.77
|
204.05
|
See notes following Table 3
Table 3: North Limb Zone Mineral Resource Estimate –
Effective Date July 2, 2021
|
Type
|
Ni % Cut-off
|
Category
|
Rounded Tonnes
|
Ni %
|
Ni lbs (millions)
|
|
Open Pit
|
0.25
|
Measured
|
|
|
|
|
Indicated
|
2,140,000
|
0.65
|
30.67
|
|
Measured and Indicated
|
2,140,000
|
0.65
|
30.67
|
|
Inferred
|
660,000
|
0.70
|
10.19
|
|
Underground
|
0.5
|
Measured
|
|
|
|
|
Indicated
|
5,810,000
|
0.68
|
87.10
|
|
Measured and Indicated
|
5,810,000
|
0.68
|
87.10
|
|
Inferred
|
6,870,000
|
0.68
|
102.99
|
|
Combined
|
0.25/0.50
|
Measured
|
|
|
|
|
Indicated
|
7,950,000
|
0.67
|
117.43
|
|
Measured and Indicated
|
7,950,000
|
0.67
|
117.43
|
|
Inferred
|
7,530,000
|
0.68
|
112.89
|
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Notes to accompany Tables 1, 2 and 3:
|
1. Mineral
resources were prepared in accordance with the CIM Definition
Standards for Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves (MRMR) (2014)
and CIM MRMR Best Practice Guidelines (2019).
|
|
2. Open
Pit mineral resources are defined within an optimized pit shell
with average pit slope angles of 45⁰ and overall 13.3:1 strip
ratio (waste : mineralized material). The 13.3:1 strip ratio is comprised of
a 6.2:1 pre-strip component and a 7.1:1 deposit
component.
|
|
3. Pit
optimization parameters include: metal pricing at US$7.80/lb Ni,
mining at US$1.77/t, processing at US$7.62/t processed, G&A at
US$3.33/t processed, and an average sulphide Ni (NiS) recovery
above the cut-off grade of 78% (ranging from 40% to 90%), based on
previous metallurgical test programs. An average Ni recovery of 56%
can be calculated using the average NiS recovery and the average
ratio of NiS to Ni (72%) reported above the cut-off grade.
Concentrate by-product credits were applied at metal prices of
US$3.25/lb (Cu), US$2,000/oz Pd and US$ 1,000/oz Pt. A potential
frac-sand overburden unit was assigned a value of US $20/t, a
recovery factor of 68.8 %, mining cost of US $1.77/t, and
processing cost of US $6.55/t processed.
|
|
4. Open
Pit mineral resources are reported at a cut-off grade of 0.18 % NiS
within the optimized pit shell. The 0.18 % NiS cut-off grade
approximates a 0.25 % Ni grade when applying the average ratio of
total Ni to NiS for the mineral resource. The cut-off grade
reflects total operating costs used in pit optimization to define
reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction by open pit
mining methods.
|
|
5. Underground
mineral resources are reported at a cut-off grade of 0.36 % NiS.
The 0.36 % NiS cut-off grade approximates a 0.50 % Ni grade when
applying the average ratio of total Ni to NiS for the mineral
resource. The cut-off grade reflects total operating costs of
US$41.72/t processed to define reasonable prospects for eventual
economic extraction by underground mining methods.
|
|
6. Ni
% deposit grade was estimated using Ordinary Kriging methods
applied to 2 m downhole assay composites. No grade capping was
applied. NiS % block values were calculated from Ni % block values
using a regression curve based on Ni and NiS drilling database
assay values. Model block size is 6 m (x) by 6 m (y) by 6 m
(z).
|
|
7. Bulk
density was applied on a lithological model basis and reflects
averaging of bulk density determinations for each
lithology.
|
|
8. Mineral
resources may be materially affected by environmental, permitting,
legal, title, taxation, sociopolitical, marketing, or other
relevant issues.
|
|
9. Mineral
resources are not mineral reserves and do not have demonstrated
economic viability.
|
|
10. Mineral
resource tonnages are rounded to the nearest 10,000.
|
During
the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company incurred
total costs of $238,027 (nine months ended September 30, 2020 -
$Nil) for the Minago Project including of $217,792 (nine months
ended September 30, 2020 - $Nil) for geological and consulting
services, $12,581 (nine months ended September 30, 2020 - $Nil) for
personnel, legal, general and administrative expenses, and $7,654
(nine months ended September 30, 2020 - $Nil) for fees and
taxes.
Environment Act License
In August 2011, the Minago Project achieved a major milestone when
the Environment Act License (“EAL”) was issued by the
province of Manitoba. The prior operator of the project
subsequently filed a Notice of Alteration (NOA) to the EAL, in
December 2013, related to relocation of the tailings management
area to address First Nation concerns. The NOA process was not
completed by the prior operator and remains outstanding. Since
acquiring the project in February 2021, Silver Elephant has
re-engaged the Manitoba Government regarding the NOA status for the
10,000 tonne-per-day open-pit mining operation at Minago. The ARDD
has confirmed that the NOA can still be completed and the Company
is currently working with ARDD to finalize the NOA approval,
leading to issuance of an updated Environment Act License, which is
tentatively expected by the end of 2021.
A
socioeconomic assessment was conducted, and the prior operator
signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with each of the
Pimichikamak Cree Nation (Cross lake), Mosakahiken First Nation
(Moose Lake), and Misipawistik Cree Nation (Grand Rapids). The
Company is re-engaging the First Nations with traditional
territories that include the project site, including the Norway
House Cree Nation, to work toward inclusion and renewal of the MOUs
in 2021.
The Agriculture and Resource Development Department
(“ARDD”) has expressed support for the Minago Project,
which would supply much needed Class 1 high-purity nickel to make
nickel-lithium batteries used in electric vehicles.
Low Carbon Operation
Several
initiatives are being considered or taken to minimize the carbon
footprint of potential future mining operation at Minago. For
mining, the Company will examine the use of a fully electric mine
fleet and review the use of waste material to expose the serpentine
component to air to absorb carbon dioxide through carbonation. For
ore and waste processing, the crushing, milling and flotation
processes would be powered by renewable hydroelectricity, which
accounts for 97% of all electricity generation in
Manitoba.
In the next 12 months, the Company intends to carry out core
drilling programs at Minago to expand and upgrade existing mineral
resources, complete the Notice of Alteration required to reissue
the Environmental Act License established in 2011 and to integrate
the 2021 MRE to update the historic Feasibility study, as well as
to continue to seek partnerships with the stakeholder First Nation
interests in the area.
The Minago Project is currently one of the projects subject to the
Arrangement to be spun-out under the Company’s wholly owned
subsidiary, Flying Nickel Mining Corp., subject to shareholder
approval in December, 2021, as announced on August 26,
2021.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
6.
SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS
To
date, COVID-19 has not significantly impacted the Company’s
operations. Silver Elephant has
implemented extensive preventative measures across its offices and
operations in order to safeguard the health of its employees, while
continuing to operate safely and responsibly maintain employment
and economic activity.
The
following table summarizes selected consolidated financial
information prepared in accordance with IFRS for the eight most
recently completed quarters:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Q3
|
Q2
|
Q1
|
Q4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
expense
|
$(600,329)
|
$(1,095,037)
|
$(736,241)
|
$(809,912)
|
|
Net
gain/(loss)
|
(1,712,620)
|
(1,686,135)
|
1,012,508
|
(2,259,661)
|
|
Net
gain/(loss) per share, basic and diluted
|
$(0.01)
|
$(0.01)
|
$0.01
|
$(0.01)
|
|
Comprehensive
gain/(loss )
|
(1,712,620)
|
(1,686,135)
|
1,012,508
|
(2,259,661)
|
|
Comprehensive
gain/(loss) per common share
|
$(0.01)
|
$(0.01)
|
$0.01
|
$(0.01)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Q3
|
Q2
|
Q1
|
Q4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
expense
|
$(853,332)
|
$(592,874)
|
$(1,137,998)
|
$(1,175,096)
|
|
Net
gain/(loss)
|
(1,037,332)
|
(389,770)
|
(940,124)
|
12,475,952
|
|
Net
gain/(loss) per common share
|
$(0.01)
|
$(0.01)
|
$(0.01)
|
$0.11
|
|
Comprehensive
gain/(loss )
|
(1,037,332)
|
(389,770)
|
(940,124)
|
12,475,952
|
|
Comprehensive
gain/(loss)per common share
|
$(0.01)
|
$(0.01)
|
$(0.01)
|
$0.11
|
The
fluctuation on quarterly net gain/(loss) was primarily due to a
valuation of marketable securities, common Share-based compensation
expenses recognized as stock options granted to directors and
officers, advertising and promotion expenses, impairment losses
recognized on resource properties and debt
settlements.
Although
we have adjusted some of our operating procedures, to date our
operations have not been significantly impacted by
Covid-19.
The
reader is encouraged to refer to Note 6 of the Company’s
Annual Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2020
for the Company’s IFRS accounting policies. For discussion on
each project, the reader is encouraged to refer to the
“Property Summary” section of this
MD&A.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2021
and 2020
|
Operating Expenses
|
Nine Months Ended September 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Advertising
and promotion
|
$447,312
|
$356,854
|
|
Consulting
and management fees
|
567,673
|
492,500
|
|
General
and administrative expenses
|
804,672
|
839,344
|
|
Professional
fees
|
264,761
|
218,347
|
|
Share-based
payments
|
340,473
|
594,393
|
|
Travel
and accommodation
|
6,716
|
82,766
|
|
|
$2,431,607
|
$2,584,204
|
Overall,
the Company recorded an operating loss of $2,431,607 for the nine
months ended September 30, 2021, compared to an operating loss of
$2,584,204 for the nine months ended September 30,
2020.
Of note
are the following items:
●
advertising and
promotion expenses increased by $90,458 from $356,854 in the nine
months ended September 30, 2020, to $447,312 in the nine months
ended September 30, 2021 due to an increase in promotional services
incurred to raise awareness in the market for financing
opportunities during the current period;
●
consulting and
management fees increased by $75,173 from $492,500 in the nine
months ended September 30, 2020 to $567,673 in the nine months
ended September 30, 2021, due to new company consultants were hired
for the Minago Project;
●
general and
administrative fees consisted of general office expenses and
administrative services related to maintaining the Company’s
exchange listings and complying with securities regulations,
insurance, and salaries and directors’ fees. General and
administrative expenses in the nine months ended September 30, 2021
decreased by $34,673 from $839,344 in the nine months ended
September 30, 2020 to $804,672 in the nine months ended September
30, 2021;
●
professional fees
increased by $46,414, from $218,347 in the nine months ended
September 30, 2020, to $264,761 in the nine months ended September
30, 2021, due to an increase in legal fees related to the
Arrangement;
●
share-based
payments decreased in the nine months ended September 30, 2021, by
$253,920 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The
decrease was related to the decrease in the number of options
earned during the nine months ended September 30, 2021, compared to
the nine months ended September 30, 2020; and
●
travel and
accommodation expenses decreased by $76,050 from $82,766 in the
nine months ended September 30, 2020, to $6,716 in the nine months
ended September 30, 2021, due to decreased site visits and
restricted travels during the COVID-19 pandemic.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
For the
nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company’s
“Other Items” amounted to a gain of $45,360 compared to
a gain of $216,978 in the nine months ended September 30,
2020.
|
Other Items
|
Nine Months Ended September 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Costs
in excess of recovered coal
|
$162,375
|
$256,819
|
|
Foreign
exchange gain
|
(428,556)
|
(473,797)
|
|
Loss
on sale of marketable securities
|
220,821
|
-
|
|
|
$(45,360)
|
$(216,978)
|
Results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2021
and 2020
|
Operating Expenses
|
Three Months Ended September 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Advertising
and promotion
|
$116,710
|
$273,976
|
|
Consulting
and management fees
|
78,977
|
52,500
|
|
General
and administrative expenses
|
225,089
|
219,885
|
|
Professional
fees
|
82,508
|
50,350
|
|
Share-based
payments
|
96,132
|
251,368
|
|
Travel
and accommodation
|
913
|
5,253
|
|
|
$600,329
|
$853,332
|
The
Company had an operating loss of $600,329 for the three months
ended September 30, 2021, compared to an operating loss of $853,332
for the three months ended September 30, 2020.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Of note
are the following items:
●
advertising and
promotion expenses decreased by $157,266 from $273,976 in the three
months ended September 30, 2020, to $116,710 in the three months
ended September 30, 2021 due to a decrease in promotional services
in the current quarter;
●
consulting and
management fees increased by $26,477 from $52,500 in the three
months ended September 30, 2020 to $78,977 in the three months
ended September 30, 2021, mainly due to a new company consultants
were hired in relation with the Arrangement in the current
quarter;
●
general and
administrative fees consisted of general office expenses and
administrative services related to maintaining the Company’s
exchange listings and complying with securities regulations,
insurance, and salaries and directors’ fees. General and
administrative expenses in the three months ended September 30,
2021 were close to the three months ended September 30,
2020.
●
professional fees
increased by $32,158, from $50,350 in the three months ended
September 30, 2020, to $82,508 in the three months ended September
30, 2021 due to increased legal fees related to the
Arrangement.
●
share-based
payments decreased in the three months ended September 30, 2021, by
$155,236 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020. The
decrease was related to a decrease in the number of options earned
during the three months ended September 30, 2021, compared to the
three months ended September 30, 2020; and
●
travel and
accommodation expenses were not material and decreased by $4,340 as
the Company focussed on conserving cash by minimizing expenditures
in the current period.
For the
three months ended September 30, 2021, the Company’s
“Other Items” amounted to a loss of $112,291 compared
to a loss of $184,000 in the three months ended September 30, 2020.
A decrease in loss by $71,709 was mainly due to a decrease in costs
in excess of recovered coal and a foreign exchange gain offset by
loss on sale of marketable securities.
|
Other Items
|
Three Months Ended September 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Costs
in excess of recovered coal
|
$55,428
|
$121,414
|
|
Foreign
exchange (gain)/loss
|
(163,958)
|
62,586
|
|
Loss
on sale of marketable securities
|
220,821
|
-
|
|
|
$112,291
|
$184,000
|
8.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL
RESOURCES
Working Capital
The
Company utilizes existing cash received from prior issuances of
equity instruments to provide liquidity to the Company and finance
exploration projects.
At
September 30, 2021, the Company had a cash flow of $401,579,
representing a decrease of $7,206,570 from $7,608,149 as at
December 31, 2020. The Company’s working capital at September
30, 2021, was a deficit of $1,652,644 compared to working capital
of $6,018,935 at December 31, 2020.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
On
November 24, 2020, the Company closed its bought deal short form
prospectus offering pursuant to which the Company had issued
23,000,000 Common Shares at a price of $0.40 per Common Share for
aggregate gross proceeds of $9,200,000. Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the
Underwriting Agreement, the Company paid a cash commission to the
Underwriters of $534,000, additional fees of $391,545 and issued
1,335,000 Share purchase warrants as a finder’s fee in
relation with the Offering. The net proceeds from
the Offering were be used for the exploration, development and/or
improvement of the Company’s mineral properties and for
working capital purposes.
The
following table compares the estimated use of net proceeds from the
November 2020 Offering and the actual use of proceeds as of
September 30, 2021.
|
|
|
|
|
Description of expenditure
|
|
|
|
Net
proceeds from the Offering
|
$8,348,000
|
$8,318,727
|
|
Exploration
– Phase 1 of Pulacayo Project
|
$3,240,000
|
$1,271,881
|
|
Exploration
– Triunfo Project
|
$980,000
|
$52,546
|
|
Exploration
– Sunawayo Project
|
$1,700,000
|
$525,182
|
|
Working
capital and general corporate purposes
including
Minago Project acquisition
|
$1,300,000
|
$6,469,118
|
|
Total
|
$7,220,000
|
$8,318,727
|
As of
September 30, 2021, the net proceeds from the November 2020
Offering were fully applied.
During
the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company closed the
February 2021 Placement through the issuance of 10,000,001 Common
Shares at a price of $0.375 per Common Share. The February 2021
Placement raised gross cash proceeds of $3,750,000. The Company
paid $73,875 in cash as finder’s fees. Proceeds of the
February 2021 Placement were used for exploration, working capital
and general corporate purposes which may include project
evaluations and acquisitions.
The
following table compares the estimated use of net proceeds from the
February 2021 Placement and the actual use of proceeds as of
September 30, 2021.
|
|
|
|
|
Description of expenditure
|
|
|
|
Net
proceeds from the February 2021 Placement
|
$3,676,125
|
$3,651,836
|
|
Mineral
property exploration
|
$367,613
|
$367,613
|
|
Working
capital and general corporate purposes
|
|
|
|
including
Minago Project acquisition
|
$3,308,513
|
$3,308,513
|
|
Total
|
$3,676,125
|
$3,676,125
|
As of
September 30, 2021, the net proceeds from the February 2021
Placement were fully applied.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
On
November 15, 2021, the Company closed the September 2021 Placement
through the issuance of 17,000,000 Common Shares for aggregate
gross proceeds $3,740,000. The proceeds from the September 2021
Placement are expected to be used for the Company’s mineral
project development and for general working capital
purposes.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, 12,600,080 Common
Share purchase warrants were exercised for total proceeds of
$3,240,331 including share compensation for services of $660,000;
and 995,000 stock options were exercised for total proceeds of
$206,824.
During the nine months ended the Company disposed of 40 million
common shares of Victory Nickel Inc. through the facilities of the
Canadian Securities Exchange for total proceeds of
$779,179.
As at
the date of this MD&A, the Company’s cash flow is $2
million and the Company’s working capital is $0.7
million.
The
Company’s cash flow highlights for the nine months ended
September 30, 2021, are presented in the table below.
Cash Flow Highlights
|
|
Nine Months Ended September 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
Used in Operating Activities
|
$(520,681)
|
$(1,721,555)
|
|
Cash
Used in Investing Activities
|
(13,956,708)
|
(4,496,539)
|
|
Cash
Provided by Financing Activities
|
7,270,819
|
4,220,133
|
|
Net
decrease in cash
|
(7,206,570)
|
(1,997,961)
|
|
Cash
- beginning of period
|
7,608,149
|
3,017,704
|
|
Cash
- end of period
|
$401,579
|
$1,019,743
|
Operating activities: During the nine months ended September
30, 2021, cash used in
operating activities was $520,681 compared to $1,721,555 during the
nine months ended September 30, 2020, as the Company focused on
conserving cash by minimizing expenditures in the current
period.
Investing activities:
During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company used
$13,956,708 for investing activities (nine months ended September
30, 2020 - $4,496,539). During the nine months ended September 30,
2021, the Company spent $8,892,969 (nine months ended September 30,
2020 - $Nil) on the Minago Project acquisition, $4,842,918 for
mineral property exploration activities (nine months ended
September 30, 2020 - $4,516,243), $1,000,000 for the purchase of
the Victory Nickel Inc. shares (nine months ended September 30,
2020 - $Nil) and received $779,179 on sale of Victory Nickel Inc.
shares (nine months ended September 30, 2020 - $Nil).
Financing activities:
During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, a total of
$7,270,819 was generated by financing activities (nine months ended
September 30, 2020 - $4,220,133) including net proceeds from the
private placements of $4,326,920 (nine months ended September 30,
2020 - $1,972,250), $376,907 from the exercise of stock options
(nine months ended September 30, 2020 - $185,439), and $2,589,931
from the exercise of warrants (nine months ended September 30, 2020
- $2,135,217). The Company spent $22,939 (nine months ended
September 30, 2020 - $27,773) for corporate office lease
payments.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Capital Resources
As an
exploration company, the Company has no regular cash in-flow from
operations, and the level of operations is principally a function
of availability of capital resources. The Company’s capital
resources are largely determined by the strength of the junior
resource markets and by the status of the Company’s projects
in relation to these markets, and its ability to compete for
investor support of its projects. See the disclosure under the
heading “Key
Information - Risk
Factors” in the 2020 Annual Report. To date, the
principal sources of funding have been equity and debt financing.
Many factors influence the Company’s ability to raise funds,
and there is no assurance that the Company will be successful in
obtaining adequate financing with favourable terms, or at all, for
these or other purposes including general working capital
purposes.
For the
foreseeable future, as existing properties are explored, evaluated
and developed, the Company will continue to seek capital through
the issuance of equity, strategic alliances or joint ventures, and
debt, of which the Company currently has none.
The
Company expects to continue requiring cash for operations and
exploration and evaluation activities as expenditures are incurred
while no revenues are generated. Therefore, its continuance as a
going concern is dependent upon its ability to obtain adequate
financing to fund future operations based on annual budgets
approved by the Company's board of directors, consistent with
established internal control guidelines, and programs recommended
in the Pulacayo Technical Report. The Company has managed its
working capital by controlling its spending on its properties and
operations. Due to the ongoing planned advancement of Pulacayo
Project milestones, the Company will continue to incur costs
associated with exploration, evaluation and development activities,
while no revenues are being generated. In response to the COVID-19
pandemic, exploration in Bolivia may be impacted by government
restrictions on the Company’s operations. Potential stoppages
on exploration activities could result in additional costs, project
delays, cost overruns, and operational restart costs. The total
amount of funds that the Company needs to carry out its proposed
operations may increase from these and other consequences of the
COVID-19 pandemic. The actual amount that the Company spends in
connection with each of the intended uses of proceeds may vary
significantly from the amounts specified above and will depend on a
number of factors, including those referred to under "Risk Factors".
The
condensed interim consolidated financial statements for the nine
months ended September 30, 2021, have been prepared under the
assumption that the Company is a going concern, which contemplates
the realization of assets and the payment of liabilities in the
ordinary course of business.
Contractual Commitments
The
Company’s commitments related to mineral properties are
disclosed in Note 14 to the Annual Financial Statements and Note 9
to the condensed interim consolidated financial statements for the
nine months ended September 30, 2021. The Company has no
commitments for capital expenditures.
Capital Risk Management
The
Company considers its capital structure to consist of Common
Shares, stock options and Common Share purchase warrants. The
Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it,
based on the funds available to the Company, in order to support
the exploration and development of its projects and to pursue and
support growth opportunities. The Board does not establish
quantitative returns on capital criteria for management. The
Company is not subject to externally imposed capital requirements.
There has been no change in the Company’s approach to capital
management during the nine months ended September 30,
2021.
Management
is aware that market conditions, driven primarily by vanadium,
silver, other metal and coal prices, may limit the Company’s
ability to raise additional funds. These factors, and others, are
considered when shaping the Company’s capital management
strategy.
The
Company’s business could be adversely impacted by the effects
of the COVID-19 coronavirus. The extent to which COVID-19 may
impact the Company’s business, including its operations and
the market for its securities, will depend on future developments
which cannot be predicted, and include the duration, severity and
scope of the outbreak and the actions taken to contain or treat the
outbreak.
9.
COMMITMENTS AND
CONTINGENCIES
Except
as disclosed elsewhere in this MD&A, the Company has no
financial obligations in the ordinary course of business. As at
September 30, 2021, the Company does not have any contingent
liabilities.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
10.
RELATED
PARTY DISCLOSURES
The
Company had related party transactions with the following
companies, related by way of directors and key management
personnel:
●
Linx Partners Ltd.,
a private company controlled by John Lee, Director, Chief Executive
Officer and Executive Chairman of the Company, provides management
and consulting services to the Company.
●
MaKevCo Consulting
Inc., a private company 50% owned by Greg Hall, a director of the
Company, provides consulting services to the Company.
●
Sophir Asia Ltd., a
private company controlled by Masa Igata, a director of the
Company, provides consulting services to the Company.
A
summary of amounts paid or accrued to related parties is as
follows:
|
|
Three Months Ended September 30,
|
Nine Months Ended September 30,
|
|
Related parties
|
|
|
|
|
|
Directors
and officers
|
$376,952
|
$657,041
|
$886,723
|
$1,298,076
|
|
Linx
Partners Ltd.
|
105,000
|
210,000
|
695,000
|
635,000
|
|
MaKevCo
Consulting Inc.
|
8,600
|
11,800
|
28,500
|
23,300
|
|
Sophir
Asia Ltd.
|
7,200
|
10,300
|
25,300
|
21,200
|
|
|
$497,752
|
$889,141
|
$1,635,523
|
$1,977,576
|
A
summary of the transactions by nature among the related parties is
as follows:
|
|
Three Months Ended September 30,
|
Nine Months Ended September 30,
|
|
Related parties
|
|
|
|
|
|
Consulting
and management fees
|
$52,500
|
$105,000
|
$347,500
|
$317,500
|
|
Directors'
fees
|
27,600
|
41,700
|
98,800
|
84,900
|
|
Mineral
properties
|
245,201
|
548,940
|
823,272
|
1,202,526
|
|
Salaries
|
172,451
|
193,501
|
365,951
|
372,650
|
|
|
$497,752
|
889,141
|
$1,635,523
|
$1,977,576
|
As at
September 30, 2021, amounts due to related parties were $175,300
(December 31, 2020 - $1,800), amounts of prepaid consulting fees
were $105,000 (December 31, 2020 - $Nil).
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Key
management personnel are those persons having authority and
responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the
activities of the Company, including directors of the Company. The
amounts due to related parties is summarized below:
|
|
Three Months Ended September 30,
|
Nine Months Ended September 30,
|
|
Key Management Personnel
|
|
|
|
|
|
Salaries
and short term benefits
|
$184,908
|
$210,739
|
$405,877
|
$417,052
|
|
Directors'
fees
|
27,600
|
41,700
|
98,800
|
84,900
|
|
Share-based
payments
|
81,106
|
169,208
|
279,990
|
880,415
|
|
|
$293,615
|
$421,647
|
$784,666
|
$1,382,367
|
11.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND
ESTIMATES
The Company’s consolidated financial statements are prepared
in accordance with IFRS as issued by the International Accounting
Standards Board. The Company followed the same accounting policies
and methods of computation as it used in the Annual Financial
Statements for the nine months ended September
30, 2021. The significant accounting
policies applied, and recent accounting pronouncements are
described in Notes 4 and 6 to the Annual Financial
Statements.
In preparing the condensed consolidated interim financial
statements in accordance with IFRS, management is required to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of
assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting
period. Areas requiring the use of estimates include the rates of
amortization for property and equipment, the useful life and
recoverability of long-lived assets, the recoverability of accounts
receivable, determination of environmental obligation provision for
closure and reclamation, accounts payable and accrued liabilities,
the assumptions used in the determination of the fair value of
financial instruments and share-based payments, and the
determination of the recoverability of deferred income tax assets
bases its estimates and assumptions on current and various other
factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances.
Management believes the estimates are reasonable; however, actual
results could differ from those estimates and could impact future
results of operations and cash flows.
Significant Accounting Judgments and Estimates
The
Company bases its estimates and assumptions on current and various
other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the
circumstances. Management believes the estimates are reasonable;
however, actual results could differ from those estimates and could
impact future results of operations and cash flows. The areas which
require management to make significant judgements, estimates and
assumptions in determining carrying values include, but are not
limited to:
The
significant judgments that the Company’s management has made
in the process of applying the Company’s accounting policies,
apart from those involving estimation uncertainties (Note 5 to the
Annual Financial Statements), that have the most significant effect
on the amounts recognized in the Annual Financial Statements
include, but are not limited to:
(a)
Functional currency
determination
The
functional currency for each of the Company’s subsidiaries is
the currency of the primary economic environment and the Company
reconsiders the functional currency of its entities if there is a
change in events and conditions which determined the primary
economic environment. Management has determined the functional
currency of all entities to be the Canadian dollar.
(b)
Economic
recoverability and probability of future economic benefits of
exploration, evaluation and development costs
Management
has determined that exploratory drilling, evaluation, development
and related costs incurred which have been capitalized are
economically recoverable. Management uses several criteria in its
assessments of economic recoverability and probability of future
economic benefit including geologic and metallurgic information,
history of conversion of mineral deposits to proven and probable
reserves, scoping, prefeasibility and feasibility studies,
assessable facilities, existing permits and life of mine
plans.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Management
has determined that during the nine months ended September 30,
2021, none of the Company’s silver and vanadium projects have
reached technical feasibility and commercial viability and
therefore remain within Mineral Properties on the Statement of
Financial Position.
(c)
Impairment
(recovery) assessment of deferred exploration
interests
The
Company considers both external and internal sources of information
in assessing whether there are any indications that mineral
property interests are impaired. External sources of information
the Company considers include changes in the market, economic and
legal environment in which the Company operates that are not within
its control and affect the recoverable amount of mineral property
interest. Internal sources of information the Company considers
include the manner in which mineral properties and plant and
equipment are being used or are expected to be used and indications
of economic performance of the assets.
(d)
Deferred tax
liability
Judgement
is required to determine which types of arrangements are considered
to be a tax on income in contrast to an operating cost. Judgement
is also required in determining whether deferred tax liabilities
are recognised in the statement of financial position. Deferred tax
liabilities, including those arising from un-utilised tax gains,
require management to assess the likelihood that the Company will
generate sufficient taxable losses in future periods, in order to
offset recognised deferred tax liabilities. Assumptions about the
generation of future taxable losses depend on management’s
estimates of future cash flows. These estimates of future taxable
losses are based on forecast cash flows from operations (which are
impacted by production and sales volumes, commodity prices,
reserves, operating costs, closure and rehabilitation costs,
capital expenditure, and other capital management transactions) and
judgement about the application of existing tax laws in each
jurisdiction. To the extent that future cash flows and taxable
losses differ significantly from estimates, the ability of the
Company to offset the net deferred tax liabilities recorded at the
reporting date could be impacted.
The recoverability of the carrying value of the mineral properties
is dependent on successful development and commercial exploitation,
or alternatively, sale of the respective areas of
interest.
Significant
judgment is involved in the determination of useful life and
residual values for the computation of depreciation, depletion and
amortization and no assurance can be given that actual useful lives
and residual values will not differ significantly from current
assumptions.
The
carrying value of long-lived assets are reviewed each reporting
period to determine whether there is any indication of impairment.
If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount,
the asset is impaired, and an impairment loss is recognized in the
consolidated statement of operations. The assessment of fair
values, including those of the cash generating units (the smallest
identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows that are
largely independent of the cash inflow from other assets or groups
of assets) (“CGUs”) for purposes of testing
goodwill, require the use of estimates and assumptions for
recoverable production, long-term commodity prices, discount rates,
foreign exchange rates, future capital requirements and operating
performance. Changes in any of the assumptions or estimates used in
determining the fair value of goodwill or other assets could impact
the impairment analysis.
(h)
Allowance for
doubtful accounts, and the recoverability of receivables and
prepaid expense amounts
Significant
estimates are involved in the determination of recoverability of
receivables and no assurance can be given that actual proceeds will
not differ significantly from current estimations. Similarly,
significant estimates are involved in the determination of the
recoverability of services and/or goods related to the prepaid
expense amounts, and actual results could differ significantly from
current estimations.
(i)
Provision for
closure and reclamation
The
Company assesses its mineral properties’ rehabilitation
provision at each reporting date or when new material information
becomes available. Exploration, development and mining activities
are subject to various laws and regulations governing the
protection of the environment. In general, these laws and
regulations are continually changing, and the Company has made, and
intends to make in the future, expenditures to comply with such
laws and regulations. Accounting for reclamation obligations
requires management to make estimates of the future costs that the
Company will incur to complete the reclamation work required to
comply with existing laws and regulations at each location. Actual
costs incurred may differ from those amounts
estimated.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Also,
future changes to environmental laws and regulations could increase
the extent of reclamation and remediation work required to be
performed by the Company. Increases in future costs could
materially impact the amounts charged to operations for reclamation
and remediation. The provision represents management’s best
estimate of the present value of the future reclamation and
remediation obligation. The actual future expenditures may differ
from the amounts currently provided.
Management
uses valuation techniques in measuring the fair value of share
purchase options granted. The fair value is determined using the
Black Scholes option pricing model which requires management to
make certain estimates, judgement, and assumptions in relation to
the expected life of the share purchase options and Common Share
purchase warrants, expected volatility, expected risk-free rate,
and expected forfeiture rate. Changes to these assumptions could
have a material impact on the Annual Financial
Statements.
The
assessment of contingencies involves the exercise of significant
judgment and estimates of the outcome of future events. In
assessing loss contingencies related to legal proceedings that are
pending against the Company and that may result in regulatory or
government actions that may negatively impact the Company’s
business or operations, the Company and its legal counsel evaluate
the perceived merits of the legal proceeding or unasserted claim or
action as well as the perceived merits of the nature and amount of
relief sought or expected to be sought, when determining the
amount, if any, to recognize as a contingent liability or when
assessing the impact on the carrying value of the Company’s
assets. Contingent assets are not recognized in the Annual
Financial Statements.
(l)
Fair value
measurement
The
Company measures financial instruments at fair value at each
reporting date. The fair values of financial instruments measured
at amortized cost are disclosed in Note 21 to the Annual Financial
Statements. Also, from time
to time, the fair values of non-financial assets and liabilities
are required to be determined, for example when the entity acquires
a business, completes an asset acquisition or where an entity
measures the recoverable amount of an asset or cash-generating unit
at fair value less costs of disposal. Fair value is the price that
would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability
in an orderly transaction between market participants at the
measurement date.
The
fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the
assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the
asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their
economic best interest. A fair value measurement of a non-financial
asset takes into account a market participant’s ability to
generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and
best use or by selling it to another market participant that would
use the asset in its highest and best use. The Company uses
valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and
for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value,
maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the
use of unobservable inputs. Changes in estimates and assumptions
about these inputs could affect the reported fair
value.
COVID-19
An
emerging risk is a risk not well understood at the current time and
for which the impacts on strategy and financial results are
difficult to assess or are in the process of being assessed. Since
December 31, 2019, the outbreak of COVID-19 has resulted in
governments worldwide enacting emergency measures to combat the
spread of the virus. These measures, which include the
implementation of travel bans, self-imposed quarantine periods and
social distancing, have caused material disruption to businesses
globally, resulting in an economic slowdown. Global equity markets
have experienced significant volatility and weakness. Governments
and central banks have reacted with significant monetary and fiscal
interventions designed to stabilize economic conditions. The
duration and impact of the COVID-19 outbreak is unknown at this
time, as is the efficacy of the government and central bank
interventions. It is not possible to reliably estimate the length
and severity of these developments and the impact on the financial
results and condition of the Company and its operating subsidiaries
in future periods.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
COVID-19
may impact Company operations, and consequently, the nature and
amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Some of the
specific areas impacted by COVID-19 include, but are not limited
to:
●
Going concern
assessments;
●
Evaluation of
subsequent events;
●
Impairment and
recovery of mineral assets;
●
Fair value
measurements;
●
Employee
termination benefits; and
●
Financial statement
and Management Discussion & Analysis disclosures.
As at
the date of this MD&A the COVID-19 pandemic has not affected
the Company’s critical accounting policies.
12.
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED
RISKS
The
Board, through its Audit Committee, is responsible for identifying
the principal risks of the Company and ensuring that risk
management systems are implemented. The Company manages its
exposure to financial risks, including liquidity risk, foreign
exchange rate risk, interest rate risk, and credit risk in
accordance with its risk management framework. The Company’s
board of directors’ reviews the Company’s policies on
an annual basis or when deemed to be reviewed.
Financial
Instruments
A
description of financial instruments is included in Note 22 to the
Annual Financial Statements and Note 13 to the Company’s
unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements for
the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
Related
Risks
Liquidity
risk is the risk that an entity will be unable to meet its
financial obligations as they fall due. The Company manages
liquidity risk by preparing cash flow forecasts of upcoming cash
requirements. As at September 30, 2021, the Company had a cash
balance of $401,579 (December 31, 2020 – $7,608,149). As
at September 30, 2021 the Company had accounts payable and accrued
liabilities of $2,306,790 (December 31, 2020 - $1,759,163), which
have contractual maturities of 90 days or less.
Credit
risk is the risk that one party to a financial instrument will fail
to discharge an obligation and cause the other party to incur a
financial loss. The Company is exposed to credit risk primarily
associated to cash and restricted cash equivalents and receivables,
net of allowances. Management believes that the credit risk
concentration with respect to these financial instruments is remote
as the balances primarily consist of amounts on deposit with a
major financial institution and amounts receivable from the
Government of Canada. The carrying amount of assets included on the
statements of financial position represents the maximum credit
exposure.
The
significant market risks to which the Company is exposed are
interest rate risk, foreign currency risk, and commodity and equity
price risk. The objective of market risk management is to manage
and control market risk exposures within acceptable limits, while
maximizing returns.
Interest
rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a
financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in market
interest rates. The Company’s cash and restricted cash
equivalents primarily include highly liquid investments that earn
interest at market rates that are fixed to maturity. Due to
the short‐
term nature of these financial instruments, fluctuations in market
rates do not have significant impact on the fair values of the
financial instruments as of September 30, 2021.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
(e)
Foreign currency
risk
The
Company has exploration and development projects in the United
States, Mongolia and Bolivia and undertakes transactions in various
foreign currencies. The Company is therefore exposed to foreign
currency risk arising from transactions denominated in a foreign
currency and the translation of financial instruments denominated
in United States dollars, Mongolian tugrik, and Bolivian boliviano
into its functional and reporting currency, the Canadian
dollar.
Based
on the above, net exposures as at September 30, 2021, with other
variables unchanged, a 10% (December 31, 2020 – 10%)
strengthening (weakening) of the Canadian dollar against the
Mongolian tugrik would impact net loss with other variables
unchanged by $99,000. A 10% strengthening (weakening) of the
Canadian dollar against the Bolivian boliviano would impact net
loss with other variables unchanged by $6254,000. A 10%
strengthening (weakening) of the US dollar against the Canadian
dollar would impact net loss with other variables unchanged by
$49,000. The Company currently does not use any foreign exchange
contracts to hedge this currency risk.
(f)
Commodity and
equity price risk
Commodity
price risk is defined as the potential adverse impact on earnings
and economic value due to commodity price movements and
volatilities. Commodity prices fluctuate on a daily basis and are
affected by numerous factors beyond the Company’s control.
The supply and demand for these commodities, the level of interest
rates, the rate of inflation, investment decisions by large holders
of commodities including governmental reserves and stability of
exchange rates can all cause significant fluctuations in prices.
Such external economic factors are in turn influenced by changes in
international investment patterns and monetary systems and
political developments.
The
Company is also exposed to price risk with regards to equity
prices. Equity price risk is defined as the potential adverse
impact on the Company’s earning due to movements in
individual equity prices or general movements in the level of the
stock market.
The
Company closely monitors commodity prices, individual equity
movements and the stock market to determine the appropriate course
of action to be taken by the Company. Fluctuations in value may be
significant.
The
Company’s business is the exploration, evaluation and
development of mining properties. Thus, the Company’s
operations are speculative due to the high-risk nature of its
business. The following list details existing and future material
risks to the Company. The risks listed below are not arranged in
any particular order and are not exhaustive. Additional risks and
uncertainties not currently known to the Company, or those that it
currently deems to be immaterial, may become material and adversely
affect the Company. The realization of any of these risks may
materially and adversely impact the Company’s business,
financial condition or results of operations and/or the market
price of the Company’s securities. Each of these risk factors
is discussed in more detail under the heading “Key Information - Risk Factors”
in the 2020 Annual Report, which is available under the
Company’s SEDAR profile at www.sedar.com.
●
The COVID-19 global
pandemic and the risk of other similar outbreaks and
pandemics;
●
The Company's
history of net losses;
●
Capital costs,
operating costs, production, and economic returns;
●
Exploration and
development risks;
●
The Company has no
history of profitable mineral production;
●
The risks inherent
to the estimation of mineral reserves and mineral
resources;
●
Foreign operations
risks;
●
The reform of the
mining laws, including the General Mining Act of 1872 in the
U.S;
●
Government
approvals and permits;
●
Risks associated
with the Company's property and mining interests;
●
Risks associated
with the Company's mineral claims, mining leases, licenses and
permits;
●
Risks associated
with claims from First Nations and other Aboriginal or community
groups;
●
Risks associated
with competition;
●
The Company's
reliance on key personnel;
●
The volatility of
mineral prices,
●
Global, national
and local financial conditions;
●
Risks associated
with third-party contractors;
●
Anti-bribery
legislation;
●
The Company has no
history of making dividend payments;
●
Related party
transactions;
●
Litigation and
regulatory proceedings;
●
Risks associated
with being a foreign private issuer;
●
Risks associated
with non-Canadian investors;
●
Risks associated
with the Company's operations in emerging markets; and
●
Emerging risks, as
described below.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
An
emerging risk is a risk not well understood at the current time and
for which the impacts on strategy and financial results are
difficult to assess or are in the process of being assessed. Since
December 31, 2019, the COVID-19 global pandemic, has resulted in
governments worldwide enacting emergency measures to combat the
spread of the virus. These measures, which include the
implementation of travel bans, self-imposed quarantine periods and
social distancing, have caused material disruption to businesses
globally, resulting in an economic slowdown. Global equity markets
have experienced significant volatility and weakness. Governments
and central banks have reacted with significant monetary and fiscal
interventions designed to stabilize economic conditions. The
duration and impact of the COVID-19 outbreak is unknown at this
time, as is the efficacy of the government and central bank
interventions. It is not possible to reliably estimate the length
and severity of these developments and the impact on the financial
results and condition of the Company and its operating subsidiaries
in future periods.
14.
DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND
PROCEDURES
Design of Internal Controls over Financial Reporting
Disclosure
controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable
assurance that information required to be disclosed by the Company
in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or
submitted by it under securities legislation is recorded,
processed, summarized and reported within the time periods
specified in the securities legislation and include controls and
procedures designed to ensure that information required to be
disclosed by the Company in its annual filings, interim filings or
other reports filed or submitted under securities legislation is
accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management,
including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer,
as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required
disclosure.
The
Company’s disclosure committee is comprised of the Chief
Executive Officer and senior members of management. The disclosure
committee’s responsibilities include determining whether
information is material and ensuring the timely disclosure of
material information in accordance with securities laws. The board
of directors is responsible for reviewing the Company’s
disclosure policy, procedures and controls to ensure that it
addresses the Company’s principal business risks, and changes
in operations or structure, and facilitates compliance with
applicable legislative and regulatory reporting
requirements.
The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer, after participating with the Company’s management in
evaluating the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure
controls and procedures, have concluded that the Company’s
disclosure controls and procedures were effective during the nine
months ended September 30,
2021.
Design of Internal Controls over Financial Reporting
The
Company’s management, with the participation of the Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, is responsible for
establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over
financial reporting. The Company’s internal control over
financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable
assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in
accordance with IFRS. The Company’s internal control over
financial reporting includes those policies and procedures
that:
●
pertain to the
maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail accurately and
fairly reflect the transactions, acquisition and disposition of
assets and liabilities;
●
provide reasonable
assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit
preparation of the financial statements in accordance with IFRS and
that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance
with the authorization of management and directors of the Company;
and
●
provide reasonable
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized
acquisition, use or disposition of assets, and incurrence of
liabilities, that could have a material effect on the financial
statements.
The Company’s management, with the participation of the Chief
Executive Officer and Executive Chairman and the Chief Financial
Officer, assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal
control over financial reporting using the criteria set forth in
the Internal Control –
Integrated Framework (2013)
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission. Based on this assessment, management concluded that the
Company’s internal control over financial reporting was
effective during the nine months ended September
30, 2021.
15.
CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company’s employees began
working remotely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This has required
certain processes and controls that were previously done or
documented manually to be completed and retained in electronic
form. Despite this, there were no changes to the Company’s
internal control over financial reporting during the nine months
ended September 30, 2021, that
have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially
affect, the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting.
SILVER ELEPHANT MINING CORP.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Expressed
in Canadian dollars, except where indicated)
Limitations of controls and procedures
The
Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer
and the Chief Financial Officer, believe that any disclosure
controls and procedures or internal controls over financial
reporting, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide
only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the
control system are met. Further, the design of a control system
must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the
benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs.
Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, they
cannot provide absolute assurance that all control issues and
instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been prevented
or detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that
judgements in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns
can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally,
controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some
persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by unauthorized
override of the control. The design of any systems of controls also
is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of
future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will
succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future
conditions. Accordingly, because of the inherent limitations in a
cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud
may occur and not be detected.
Other
than the Arrangement and the transactions proposed to be completed
prior thereto, as at the date of this MD&A, the Company has no
proposed asset or business acquisitions or
dispositions.
17.
DISCLOSURE OF OUTSTANDING SHARE
DATA
As at
the date of this MD&A, the Company had a total of:
●
236,559,037 Common Shares outstanding with
recorded value of $213,733,483;
●
16,027,500 stock options outstanding with a
weighted average exercise price of $0.30. Each option is
exercisable to purchase one Common Share at prices ranging from
$0.20 to $0.50 per Common Share and expire between January 2022 and
September 2026; and
●
16,113,134 Common Share purchase warrants
outstanding with a weighted average exercise price of $0.25. Each
Common Share purchase warrant is exercisable to purchase one Common
Share at prices ranging from $0.16 to $0.48 and expire between
January 2022 and May 2023.
18.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
During
the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company was not a
party to any off-balance sheet arrangements that have, or are
reasonably likely to have, a current or future effect on the
results of operations, financial condition, revenues or expenses,
liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources of the
Company.