As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 2, 2026.
Registration No. 333-
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| Delaware | 7372 | 88-1438776 | ||
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number) |
(I.R.S.
Employer Identification Number) |
VIDA Global Inc.
12160 W Parmer Ln, Ste 130-716
Cedar Park, TX 78613
(833) 588-8432
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
Lyle Pratt
Chief Executive Officer
VIDA Global Inc.
12160 W Parmer Ln, Ste 130-716
Cedar Park, TX 78613
(833) 588-8432
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
Copies of all communications, including communications sent to agent for service, should be sent to:
Ethan Silver Daniel L. Forman Lowenstein Sandler LLP 1251 Avenue of the Americas New York, New York 10020 Tel.: (212) 262-6700 |
Joseph M. Lucosky, Esq. Sebastian Bacon, Esq. Lucosky Brookman LLP 101 Wood Avenue South, 5th Floor Woodbridge, NJ 08830 Tel: (732) 395-4402 |
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:
As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. ☐
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | |
| Non-accelerated filer | ☒ | Smaller reporting company | ☒ | |
| Emerging growth company | ☒ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐
The registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and we are not soliciting offers to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS |
Subject to Completion, dated April 2, 2026
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VIDA Global Inc.
3,333,334 Shares of Class A Common Stock
This is the initial public offering of shares of Class A common stock of VIDA Global Inc. We are offering 3,333,334 shares of our Class A common stock.
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our Class A common stock. It is currently estimated that the initial public offering price per share of Class A common stock will be between $4.50 and $5.00 with a $4.75 assumed initial public offering price (which is the midpoint of the $4.50 to $5.00 range; this assumption is used throughout this prospectus).
We intend to apply to list our Class A common stock on the New York Stock Exchange American (“NYSE American”) under the symbol “VIDA”. No assurance can be given that our application will be approved with NYSE American. If shares of our Class A common stock are not approved for listing on NYSE American, we will not consummate this offering.
Upon completion of this offering, we will have two classes of common stock: Class A common stock and Class B common stock. The rights of the holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock immediately following this offering are identical, except with respect to voting, conversion and transfer rights. Each share of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote. Each share of Class B common stock is entitled to 10 votes, is convertible at any time into one share of Class A common stock and is subject to mandatory conversion upon the occurrence of certain events, as further described in “Description of Capital Stock.” Our founder, Chief Executive Officer and director, Lyle Pratt, our co-founder and Chief Operating Officer, Brandon Robinson, and our co-founder, Chief Product Officer and director, Timothy Noah Hayes, the holders of our outstanding Class B common stock, will hold approximately 86.6% of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock immediately following this offering, or approximately 86.0% if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of our Class A common stock is exercised in full. As a result, following this offering, Mr. Pratt, Mr. Robinson and Mr. Hayes will have the ability to control the outcome of matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, including the election of our directors and the approval of any change of control transaction, and we will be a “controlled company” within the meaning of the rules of the NYSE American. However, we currently do not intend to rely on the “controlled company” exemption under the rules of the NYSE American.
We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and a “smaller reporting company,” as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and will be subject to reduced public company reporting requirements. This prospectus complies with the requirements that apply to an issuer that is an emerging growth company and a smaller reporting company. See “Summary–Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company and a Smaller Reporting Company.”
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 13 to read about factors you should consider before buying our securities.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
| Per Share | Total Without Over-Allotment Option | Total With Over-Allotment Option | ||||||||||
| Public offering price | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Underwriting discounts and commissions(1) | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Proceeds to us before expenses | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
(1) See “Underwriting” for a complete description of the compensation payable to the underwriters.
We have granted the underwriters the option for a period of 30 days to purchase up to an additional 500,000 shares of our Class A common stock at the initial public offering price, less the underwriting discounts and commissions, solely to cover over-allotments, if any.
The underwriters expect to deliver the securities against payment on or about , 2026.
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Prospectus dated , 2026
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Neither we nor any of the underwriters have authorized anyone to provide any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this prospectus or in any related free writing prospectuses. Neither we nor any of the underwriters take responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the securities offered by this prospectus, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. The information contained in this prospectus is current only as of its date regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of securities. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.
Through and including , 2026 (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers effecting transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to a dealer’s obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to any unsold allotment or subscription.
For investors outside of the United States: Neither we nor any of the underwriters have done anything that would permit this offering or the possession or distribution of this prospectus or any free writing prospectus we may provide to you in connection with this offering in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. Persons outside of the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of the securities and the distribution of this prospectus outside of the United States. See “Underwriting.”
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| Term | Definition | Context | ||
| AI | Artificial Intelligence | Core domain; agents that perform work. | ||
| AI Agent Operating System | Unified platform for deploying, orchestrating, securing, and managing AI agents. | Core Vida product layer. | ||
| API | Application Programming Interface | Interface for integrations. | ||
| ASR | Automatic Speech Recognition | Speech-to-text component. | ||
| Auto-QA | Automated Quality Assurance for agent performance. | Used for accuracy and drift detection. | ||
| BaaS | Billing as a Service | Usage-based billing infrastructure. | ||
| CCaaS | Contact Center as a Service | Contact center software category. | ||
| CRM | Customer Relationship Management | System of record for customer data. | ||
| CSR | Customer Service Representative | Labor proxy in comparisons. | ||
| DNC | Do Not Contact | Compliance enforcement list. | ||
| DR | Disaster Recovery | Continuity processes. | ||
| HIPAA | Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act | Healthcare compliance. | ||
| I/O | Input/Output | How agents exchange data with systems and channels. | ||
| ISV | Independent Software Vendor | Software builders. | ||
| LLM | Large Language Model | Underlying models powering agent reasoning. | ||
| MFA | Multi-Factor Authentication | Security control. | ||
| MMS | Multimedia Messaging Service | Messaging channel. | ||
| MSP | Managed Service Provider | Key Vida partner type. | ||
| Multi-LLM Runtime | Runtime that routes tasks across multiple language models based on performance and policy. | Designed to support best-fit model selection | ||
| OS | Operating System | Vida’s AI Agent OS platform layer. | ||
| Omnichannel | Integrated communication across multiple channels. | Enables cross-channel coordination. | ||
| Omnichannel I/O | Unified handling of inputs and outputs across channels. | Supports voice, SMS, email, web. | ||
| PBX | Private Branch Exchange | Business phone system. | ||
| PCI DSS | Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard | Payments compliance. | ||
| QA | Quality Assurance | Evaluation of agent performance. | ||
| R&D | Research and Development | Product and engineering. | ||
| ROAI | Return on AI | Outcomes delivered divided by cost. | ||
| SDK | Software Development Kit | Developer toolkit. | ||
| SDLC | Software Development Life Cycle | Secure development practices. | ||
| SEO | Search Engine Optimization | Discoverability strategy. | ||
| SIP | Session Initiation Protocol | Telephony signaling. | ||
| SKU | Stock Keeping Unit | Partner packaging unit. | ||
| SLA | Service Level Agreement | Contractual service guarantee. | ||
| SLO | Service Level Objective | Reliability target. | ||
| SMB | Small and Medium-sized Business | Frequent buyer segment. | ||
| SME | Small and Medium-sized Enterprise | Business segment. | ||
| SMS | Short Message Service | Messaging channel. | ||
| SOC 2 | Security Audit Standard | Security, Availability, Confidentiality audit. | ||
| STIR/SHAKEN | Caller ID Authentication Frameworks | Anti-spoofing for telephony. | ||
| SaaS | Software as a Service | Delivery model for software vendors. | ||
| Security, Availability, and Confidentiality (SOC 2) | Trust Services Criteria validated by SOC 2 auditors. | Defines Vida’s compliance posture. | ||
| TAM | Total Addressable Market | Market size measure. | ||
| TCR | The Campaign Registry | SMS compliance registry. | ||
| TTS | Text-to-Speech | Speech synthesis component. | ||
| UCaaS | Unified Communications as a Service | Communication platform category. | ||
| UI | User Interface | Embeddable interfaces. | ||
| UX | User Experience | Interface quality. |
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Basis of Presentation
Certain monetary amounts, percentages and other figures included in this prospectus have been subject to rounding adjustments. Accordingly, figures shown as totals in certain tables or charts may not be the arithmetic aggregation of the figures that precede them, and figures expressed as percentages in the text may not total 100% or, as applicable, when aggregated may not be the arithmetic aggregation of the percentages that precede them.
Market, Industry and Other Data
This prospectus includes estimates regarding market and industry data and forecasts, which are based on publicly available information, industry publications and surveys, reports from government agencies and our own estimates based on our management’s knowledge of, and experience in, the industry and markets in which we compete.
In presenting this information, we have made certain assumptions that we believe to be reasonable based on such data and other similar sources, and on our knowledge of, and our experience to date in, the markets for our products. Market data is subject to change and may be limited by the availability of raw data, the voluntary nature of the data gathering process and other limitations inherent in any statistical survey of market data. In addition, customer preferences are subject to change. Accordingly, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such market data.
Certain statistical data, estimates and forecasts contained in this prospectus are based on independent industry publications and other third-party sources. None of the independent industry publications or other third-party sources referred to in this prospectus were prepared on our behalf or at our expense, and we have not independently verified the data obtained from these sources. Moreover, we have not commissioned reports from any third parties.
Trademarks, Service Marks and Trade Names
This prospectus includes certain of our trademarks and trade names, which are protected under applicable intellectual property laws. This prospectus also may contain trademarks, service marks, trade names and copyrights of other companies, which are the property of their respective owners. Solely for convenience, the trademarks, service marks, trade names and copyrights referred to in this prospectus are listed without the TM, SM, © and ® symbols, but we will assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or the rights of the applicable licensors, if any, to these trademarks, service marks, trade names and copyrights.
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This summary highlights information included elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary may not contain all of the information that you should consider before deciding to invest in our securities. You should read this entire prospectus carefully, including the “Risk Factors” section immediately following this summary, “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and the financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus, before making an investment decision to purchase our securities. Unless the context otherwise requires, all references to “Vida Global,” “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company” and similar designations refer to VIDA Global Inc., a Delaware corporation.
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
Overview
VIDA Global Inc. is building the AI Agent Operating System for modern businesses (the “Vida Agent OS”). Our platform is designed to enable enterprises, service providers, software vendors, and entrepreneurs to deploy, govern, and manage production-grade AI agents across voice, messaging, email, and web. These agents connect to systems companies already rely on—such as phones, CRMs, ticketing tools, calendars, and billing systems—and are intended to perform work that often falls through the cracks, including recovering missed calls, qualifying leads, scheduling and confirming appointments, triaging support tickets, maintaining CRM accuracy, and initiating payments. For businesses, we believe these capabilities may help support faster response times, fewer dropped handoffs, and higher conversion and completion rates, although results vary by customer and use case.
Our mission is to make the AI-agent economy accessible to every business by equipping service and software providers with a platform for deploying and selling agents quickly and at scale. We focus on the “Business AI Agent” category—agents that are designed to operate within a company’s existing communication channels and systems of record to complete well-defined tasks such as answering inbound calls, responding to missed contacts, booking meetings, following up with prospects, and capturing payments.
We pursue a channel-first distribution strategy supplemented by targeted direct sales. We enable managed service providers (“MSPs”), IT solution providers, telecom advisors, technology agents, vertical software vendors, and UCaaS/CCaaS platforms to embed, resell, and operate Vida agents across their installed bases. These partners can manage many tenants from a single, secure, multi-tenant console and use branded options and pass-through billing to present agents as an integrated part of their existing offerings. At the same time, we maintain direct engagement with larger organizations that require hundreds of agents, deep integrations, and advanced governance and billing controls.
Our platform is designed to be omnichannel from the outset. Vida AI agents can handle inbound and outbound communication across voice, text messaging, email, and web chat, and are designed to work alongside a broad range of telephony systems, including SIP-based VoIP and PBX environments. Core workflows include inbound reception and routing, outbound lead follow-up with consent and retries, CRM summarization and tagging, appointment confirmations and reminders, and payment capture through customer-selected providers. Agents operate inside existing systems and are designed so that actions taken on behalf of the customer are recorded in the relevant systems of record with appropriate tags and attribution.
Under the surface, the Vida Agent OS brings together omnichannel I/O, AI model orchestration, policy and compliance controls, integrations with CRMs and other business systems, observability and auto-QA, usage-based billing, and embeddable interfaces and APIs. Turnkey connectors to schedulers, ticketing tools, and payments providers give agents the ability to read and write business data, while dashboards and tracing tools allow partners and customers to monitor throughput, conversion rates, and quality at the agent, tenant, and brand levels. Branded UIs, APIs, and billing integrations are intended to help partners commercialize agents as part of their existing product and service lines.
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We operate in a nascent and rapidly evolving industry. We are building toward a long-term shift from software that people operate to software that operates on their behalf. We believe that this transition—from screen-based, seat-priced applications to agentic, outcome-aligned systems—will require safe orchestration, reliable integrations with systems of record, and distribution models that reach businesses through the vendors they already trust. Our limited operating history at the scale and scope contemplated by this offering, together with the early stage of the Business AI Agent category, means that our business, unit economics, and growth trajectory are subject to significant uncertainty.
Our Solution
The Vida Agent OS is a cloud-based platform designed to enable partners and customers to deploy, manage, and scale AI agents in production without having to build and maintain their own underlying agent infrastructure. Our platform is structured around several core layers:
| ● | Omnichannel communications. Vida agents can initiate and receive conversations via phone, SMS, email, and web chat, and are designed to integrate with existing telephony infrastructure using SIP, VoIP, and PBX interfaces. This is intended to allow customers to introduce agents into the channels where their teams already operate, rather than adding separate tools that sit alongside their existing systems. | |
| ● | Security and compliance features. Our agents and telephony features are designed to support compliance and verification in regulated communication environments. For example, we support registration and verification flows through industry frameworks such as The Campaign Registry for messaging and STIR/SHAKEN caller ID attestation for voice, which are intended to help reduce spam classification and caller ID spoofing. We also incorporate consent, quiet-hours, and do-not-contact lists at the tenant level to help customers implement their own compliance policies, though we cannot guarantee full compliance in every deployment. | |
| ● | Integrations and tools. Our platform includes connectors to commonly used CRMs, schedulers, ticketing tools, and payment providers, enabling agents (when configured by customers) to read and update records, schedule meetings, open and route tickets, and, in some cases, accept payments through providers such as Stripe and Chargebee. These integrations are designed to make agents operationally useful from the outset, rather than requiring extensive custom development. | |
| ● | Observability and auto-QA. Vida provides tracing, analytics, and dashboards that surface key performance indicators such as volume, conversions, and completion quality across agents, tenants, and brands. Auto-QA capabilities flag conversations or tasks that fall outside of expected parameters, enabling operators to review and tune agent behavior. | |
| ● | Embeddable UIs and APIs. Prebuilt web components, management consoles, and APIs allow partners and software vendors to embed agent configuration and monitoring directly into their own products or customer portals. White-label support, including custom domains and branded dashboards, is intended to help partners present Vida-powered agents as a native part of their offerings. | |
| ● | Usage and billing constructs. We align pricing with usage and outcomes rather than seats. Our platform includes primitives for per-minute, per-message, and per-task metering, along with pass-through billing, SKU controls, and integrations with common billing providers. For many SaaS vendors and service providers, our platform access fee model and usage-based metering are intended to make it easier to launch agent-based offerings without re-architecting financial systems. |
Collectively, these layers are designed to allow partners and customers to focus on configuring agent policies, prompts, and workflows for their verticals and use cases, while we handle much of the underlying complexity around communications infrastructure, model orchestration, and compliance-oriented tooling. We believe this combination can reduce time-to-value, improve completion rates, and lower the barrier to adopting AI agents at scale, although performance and outcomes will vary by customer, configuration, and use case.
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Key Benefits of Our Platform
We believe the Vida Agent OS offers several key benefits to partners and customers:
| ● | Agents that work inside existing systems of record. Our agents are designed to operate within a customer’s existing CRMs, calendars, ticketing tools, and billing systems rather than requiring new front-office applications. This can reduce the need for replatforming and help keep data, reporting, and user access models consistent. | |
| ● | Omnichannel responsiveness and continuity. Vida agents can answer calls, respond to missed texts and emails, and maintain continuity across channels, handing off to humans with full transcripts and context so customers do not need to repeat themselves. We believe this can support faster response times and fewer dropped handoffs, subject to configuration and system capacity. | |
| ● | Channel-first distribution for partners. MSPs, telecom advisors, SaaS vendors, and other partners can manage many tenants from a single console, use white-label controls and pass-through billing, and embed agents directly in their offerings. We believe this model can help partners create new recurring revenue streams and differentiate their services, while expanding Vida’s reach into existing customer bases. | |
| ● | Usage-aligned economics. Because we price on usage and outcomes rather than seats, customers can start with small deployments, test agent workflows, and scale usage as agents prove their value and expand into additional processes and channels. This structure is intended to align cost more closely with utilization and measurable output, although actual economics will depend on specific deployments and contract terms. | |
| ● | Compliance-oriented design. Our support for STIR/SHAKEN, The Campaign Registry, consent management, quiet-hours policies, and tenant-level do-not-contact controls is intended to help customers implement their compliance strategies in regulated communication environments, including those subject to telephony and marketing rules. While these capabilities cannot guarantee compliance, we believe they make it easier for customers and partners to design and monitor compliant programs. | |
| ● | Platform-level observability and control. Our tracing, analytics, and auto-QA capabilities provide visibility into agent performance and quality, helping customers and partners identify issues and refine workflows. We believe visibility is a prerequisite for trust in AI systems, especially where they interact directly with end customers. |
Our Market Opportunity
We participate in the emerging Business AI Agent market, which we define as software and related services that enable AI agents to perform business-critical tasks across communication channels and systems of record. Businesses increasingly expect more than software that records activity; they expect agentic systems that can autonomously perform work and advance workflows toward defined outcomes. This shift is occurring alongside a broader move from seat-based licensing to workload-driven architectures, but the transition can be complex due to misaligned per-seat pricing, the technical burden of multi-tenant orchestration and guardrails, and the regulatory requirements surrounding telephony, consent, and caller ID attestation.
Using third-party market data and our internal modeling, we size our addressable spend pool using a top-down approach based on outsourced customer service operations. Grand View Research estimates the global call and contact center outsourcing market at approximately $102.9 billion in 2025, growing to approximately $163.9 billion by 2030 (approximately 9.8% CAGR). Grand View Research also estimates the U.S. call and contact center outsourcing market at approximately $19.4 billion in 2024, growing to approximately $29.1 billion by 2030 (approximately 7% CAGR), and notes that the U.S. represented ~20% of the global market in 2024. We view this outsourced contact center spend (across voice, chat, email and other support modalities) as a relevant benchmark spend pool for business AI agents that automate and augment customer service operations.
We then layer an AI penetration factor to estimate the portion of this spend pool where generative AI and agentic automation are being deployed. Deloitte Digital’s 2024 Global Contact Center Survey reports 15% of contact centers were currently using GenAI, with an additional 26% planning to use it in 2024 and 42% planning to use it in 2025 (and 1 in 6 contact centers having deployed GenAI capabilities). Gartner has similarly predicted that by 2025, 80% of customer service and support organizations will be applying generative AI technology in some form to improve productivity and customer experience. Our estimates are based on third-party information and our internal assumptions (including how adoption translates into AI-enabled spend), have not been independently verified, and involve significant uncertainty; they are not predictions or forecasts of our future revenue.
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We believe that our channel-led approach—reaching customers through existing providers and integrating agents directly into current systems—positions us to benefit if this category develops as we expect. Our platform is designed to address key adoption barriers by providing omnichannel communications, prebuilt integrations, compliance-oriented controls, and packaging aligned to usage and outcomes. However, market adoption may be slower, smaller, or materially different than we expect; competitive technologies could redefine the category; customer preferences may evolve; and our business may not grow at similar rates even if the category expands.
If adoption grows slower than we anticipate, if customers do not view our solutions as compelling or necessary, or if alternative approaches—including bundled offerings from larger platforms or in-house builds by enterprises—become preferred, our growth, revenue, and unit economics could be materially and adversely affected.
Our Growth Strategies
We intend to pursue a number of strategies to grow our business, expand our platform, and deepen our relationships with partners and customers, including:
| ● | Expand our channel-led distribution network. We plan to continue recruiting and enabling MSPs, IT solution providers, telecom advisors, technology agents, vertical SaaS vendors, and UCaaS/CCaaS platforms to embed and resell Vida agents across their customer bases. Based on industry sources and our internal analysis, we believe our addressable channel base includes tens of thousands of MSPs and IT solution providers, thousands of technology advisors and telecom agents, and several thousand SMB-focused and vertical SaaS vendors, as well as hundreds of UCaaS/CCaaS platforms worldwide, though only a portion of these potential partners may adopt our platform. | |
| ● | Deepen penetration within existing partners and customers. For current partners and end customers, we intend to broaden the use of Vida agents across additional workflows, departments, and communication channels, introduce new agent templates tailored to specific verticals, and encourage adoption of advanced features such as analytics, compliance add-ons, and multi-tenant administration tools. We believe that, over time, this land-and-expand motion can increase usage and recurring revenue per relationship, though there is no guarantee we will achieve these outcomes. | |
| ● | Focus on three core target markets. Our sales, marketing, and partner outreach efforts are organized around software vendors, telecom and managed service providers, and enterprises and mid-market customers. Software vendors can embed agents as native features for their installed bases and meter end-customer usage through pass-through billing; telecom and managed service providers can roll out white-label agents across multiple tenants as part of their managed services; and larger enterprises and mid-market customers can adopt a platform tier sized to their footprint and expand usage over time. | |
| ● | Invest in product innovation, reliability, and compliance. We expect to continue investing in the underlying capabilities of the Vida Agent OS, including multi-model orchestration, integrations, security and privacy controls, observability and auto-QA, and management tools that support partner-centric, multi-tenant deployments. We also intend to adapt to evolving AI, communications, and privacy regulations by enhancing our compliance-oriented features and documentation, although we cannot predict how regulatory frameworks will evolve or whether our efforts will be sufficient in all cases. | |
| ● | Selective expansion into new segments and geographies. Over time, and subject to customer demand, regulatory considerations, and available resources, we may explore expansion into additional verticals, use cases, and international markets where our channel-led model and platform capabilities are well suited. Any such expansion would involve additional costs and risks, and there can be no assurance that we will successfully execute on these opportunities. |
Executing these strategies will require continued investment in our platform, go-to-market capabilities, and personnel. We may also evaluate strategic partnerships, product collaborations, or other corporate transactions that we believe could accelerate adoption of the Vida Agent OS, though we have no present commitments to do so.
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Risks Associated with our Business
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before you participate in this offering, you should carefully consider all of the information contained in this prospectus, including the information set forth under the heading “Risk Factors.” Some of the more significant risks include the following:
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
| ● | We have a limited operating history with an evolving business focused on AI agents, which makes it difficult to evaluate our prospects, plan for future operations, and forecast our results. | |
| ● | Our use and provision of AI-powered solutions could lead to operational or reputational damage, competitive harm, legal and regulatory risk and additional costs. | |
| ● | Our business depends on our ability to attract new customers and on existing customers continuing and expanding their use of our AI agent platform; if we fail to do so, our growth prospects, operating results, and financial condition could be adversely affected. | |
| ● | We derive substantially all of our revenue from our AI Agent Operating System and platform, and our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be adversely affected if this platform fails to achieve or maintain market acceptance. | |
| ● | Our revenue model is primarily usage-based and tied to minutes, messages, and completed actions, which may cause significant variability in our results of operations and cash flows. | |
| ● | Our partner-led distribution strategy may not perform as expected; we may fail to attract, enable, and retain managed service providers, telecom advisors, UCaaS/CCaaS platforms, and vertical SaaS vendors at the pace and scale we anticipate. | |
| ● | Our operating results could be materially and adversely affected if we lose any of our largest customers. | |
| ● | We may experience long and variable sales and activation cycles, including embedded launches through vendor partners, which require upfront investments with uncertain payback. | |
| ● | Our software is complex and may not perform as intended for all customers and partners, particularly at scale across many tenants and real-time channels. | |
| ● | We rely on third-party technologies and service providers for models, speech, telephony, cloud infrastructure, and payments. Disruptions, terminations, price increases, or unfavorable terms could harm our platform functionality, costs, and customer experience. | |
| ● | If our performance metrics, illustrative case studies, or internal concepts such as “Return on AI” are inaccurate, inconsistent, or misunderstood, our ability to manage the business and investor expectations may be adversely affected. | |
| ● | We depend on a small number of rapidly evolving foundation model providers, whose technology, safety choices, and business terms we do not control. | |
| ● | Our use of LLMs exposes us to emerging attack vectors such as prompt injection, model “jailbreaking,” and adversarial inputs that may circumvent existing security and compliance controls. |
Risks Related to Technology, Security, and Privacy
| ● | A security breach or unauthorized access to our systems or those of our third-party service providers could result in the loss, compromise, or unauthorized disclosure of customer data, harm our reputation, and subject us to significant liability and regulatory scrutiny. | |
| ● | If we fail to obtain, maintain, or timely remediate issues identified in security and compliance audits or certifications, including SOC 2, our reputation could be harmed and we could lose customers or be unable to win new business. |
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| ● | We rely on our own AI Agent Operating System and AI agents to operate important aspects of our business, which may increase our exposure to operational, compliance, and reputational risks. |
Risks Related to Intellectual Property
| ● | We may be sued by third parties for alleged infringement of their proprietary rights, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. | |
| ● | We could incur substantial costs in protecting or defending our intellectual property rights, and any failure to protect our intellectual property could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. |
Risks Related to Legal and Regulatory Matters
| ● | We are subject to the U.S. Foreign Corruption Practices Act, or FCPA, and similar anti-corruption, anti-bribery, and similar laws, and non-compliance with such laws can subject us to criminal or civil liability and harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. |
Risks Related to Tax Matters
| ● | Our ability to use our net operating loss carryforwards to offset future taxable income may be subject to certain limitations. |
Risks Related to Our Initial Public Offering and Ownership of Our Class A Common Stock
| ● | No public market for our Class A common stock currently exists, an active trading market for our Class A common stock may never develop or be sustained, and the initial public offering price may not be indicative of the market price of our Class A common stock following the offering. | |
| ● | We will be a “controlled company” within the meaning of the NYSE American rules upon the initial public offering because our founders will beneficially own more than 50% of the voting power of our outstanding voting securities. | |
| ● | Our directors, officers and principal stockholders have significant voting power and may take actions that may not be in the best interests of our other stockholders. | |
| ● | The market price of our Class A common stock may be volatile and may decline regardless of our operating performance, which could result in the loss of all or part of your investment. | |
| ● | Future sales of substantial amounts of our Class A common stock in the public markets, or the perception that they might occur, could cause the market price of our Class A common stock to decline. | |
| ● | We are an “emerging growth company” and a “smaller reporting company” and the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies and smaller reporting companies may make our Class A common stock less attractive to investors. | |
| ● | We will incur significant increased costs and demands on management resources as a result of operating as a public company. | |
| ● | If you purchase shares of our Class A common stock in this offering, you will incur immediate and substantial dilution, and additional issuances of equity securities may further dilute you. | |
| ● | Our charter documents and Delaware law could delay or prevent a change in control that stockholders may consider favorable and may limit your ability to influence corporate matters. | |
| ● | We may need additional capital in the future, and any such financing may result in dilution to stockholders or impose operational or financial restrictions on us. | |
| ● | We have identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, and we may not be able to successfully implement remedial measures. |
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Corporate Information
We were incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on March 11, 2022, under the name VIDA Global Inc. Our principal executive offices are located at 12160 W Parmer Ln, Ste 130-716, Cedar Park, TX 78613. Our telephone number is (833) 588-8432, and our website address is https://vida.io/. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not incorporated by reference in this prospectus and does not form a part of this prospectus. You should not consider information contained on our website to be part of this prospectus in deciding whether to purchase our securities.
Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company and a Smaller Reporting Company
We are an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act. As such, we are eligible to take, and intend to take, advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies for as long as we continue to be an emerging growth company, including (i) the exemption from the auditor attestation requirements with respect to internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, (ii) the exemptions from say-on-pay, say-on-frequency and say-on-golden parachute voting requirements and (iii) reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements.
We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the completion of this offering, (ii) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.235 billion, (iii) the last day of the fiscal year in which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act, which would occur if the market value of our common equity securities held by non-affiliates was $700.0 million or more as of the last business day of the second fiscal quarter of such year or (iv) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt securities during the prior three-year period.
In addition, the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards. This allows an emerging growth company to delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to avail ourselves of this extended transition period and, as a result, we may adopt new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards is required for non-public companies instead of the dates required for other public companies.
We are also a “smaller reporting company” as defined in the Exchange Act. We may continue to be a smaller reporting company even after we are no longer an emerging growth company. We may take advantage of certain of the scaled disclosures available to smaller reporting companies until the fiscal year following the determination that our voting and non-voting common equity securities held by non-affiliates is $250 million or more measured on the last business day of our second fiscal quarter, or our annual revenues are less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and our voting and non-voting common equity securities held by non-affiliates is $700 million or more measured on the last business day of our second fiscal quarter.
Stock Split
Our board of directors and the holders of outstanding shares of our capital stock entitled to vote thereon have approved a stock split of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock at a ratio of 3.57-for-1, to be effective immediately prior to the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. No fractional shares of common stock will be issued in connection with the stock split, and all such fractional interests will be rounded up to the nearest whole number. Issued and outstanding stock options and warrants will be split on the same basis and exercise prices will be adjusted accordingly. Unless noted otherwise, all information presented in this prospectus assumes that the 3.57-for-1 stock split of our outstanding shares of common stock, stock options and warrants has occurred.
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| Issuer | VIDA Global Inc. | |
| Class A common stock offered by us | 3,333,334 shares. | |
| Option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock offered by us | We have granted the underwriters a 30-day over-allotment option to purchase up to 500,000 additional shares of Class A common stock from us as described under the heading “Underwriting.” | |
| Class A common stock to be outstanding immediately after this offering | 8,427,364 shares (or 8,927,364 shares if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full). | |
| Class B common stock to be outstanding immediately after this offering | 5,426,402 shares. | |
| Total Class A common stock and Class B common stock to be outstanding immediately after this offering | 13,853,766 shares (or 14,353,766 shares if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full). | |
| Use of proceeds | We estimate that our net proceeds from this offering will be approximately $13.3 million (or approximately $15.5 million if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full) at an assumed initial public offering price of $4.75 per share of Class A common stock, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
We intend to use the net proceeds for general corporate purposes, including working capital and operating expenses. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds to acquire or invest in businesses, products, services or technologies. However, we do not have binding agreements or commitments for any material acquisitions or investments at this time. See “Use of Proceeds” for additional information. | |
| Voting Rights | Upon completion of this offering, we will have two classes of common stock: Class A common stock and Class B common stock. Each share of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote per share. Each share of Class B common stock is entitled to 10 votes per share, is convertible at any time into one share of Class A common stock, and is subject to mandatory conversion upon the occurrence of certain events, as further described in “Description of Capital Stock.”
Holders of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock will generally vote together as a single class, unless otherwise required by law or our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation that will be in effect immediately prior to the closing of this offering. The holders of our outstanding Class B common stock will hold approximately 39.2% of our outstanding shares and control approximately 86.6% of the voting power of our outstanding shares following the completion of this offering, or approximately 37.8% of our outstanding shares and control approximately 85.9% of the voting power of our outstanding shares if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of our Class A common stock is exercised in full, and will have the ability to control the outcome of matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, including the election of our directors and the approval of any change in control transaction. See the sections titled “Principal Stockholders” and “Description of Capital Stock” for additional information.
Upon completion of this offering, our executive officers, directors, and stockholders holding more than 5% of our outstanding shares, together with their affiliates, will beneficially own, in the aggregate, approximately 67.36% of our outstanding shares and control approximately 92.8% of the voting power of our outstanding shares, or approximately 65.0% of our outstanding shares and control approximately 92.1% of the voting power of our outstanding shares if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of our Class A common stock is exercised in full. |
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| Representative’s Warrants | Upon the closing of this offering, we will issue to The Benchmark Company, LLC (“Benchmark”), as representative of the underwriters, warrants entitling Benchmark or their designees to purchase up to five percent (5%) of the aggregate number of shares of our Class A common stock that we issue to investors in this offering, including any shares of Class A common stock that we will issue to investors in this offering to the extent that the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option. The warrants will be exercisable for a four-and-one-half-year period commencing six months following the closing of this offering. The warrants will have an exercise price per share equal to 120% of the public offering price of our shares of Class A common stock offered hereby. See “Underwriting — Representative’s Warrants.” | |
| Listing | We intend to apply to list our Class A common stock on NYSE American the under the symbol “VIDA”. We will not proceed with this offering in the event the Class A common stock is not approved for listing on NYSE American. | |
| Risk Factors | Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” for a discussion of risks you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in our securities. | |
| Lock-Up | In connection with this offering, we, all of our directors and executive officers, and holders of substantially all of our common stock have agreed not to offer, issue, sell, contract to sell, encumber, grant any option for the sale of or otherwise dispose of any of our securities for a period of six (6) months following the closing of the offering of the shares. See “Underwriting” for additional information. |
The number of shares of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock to be outstanding immediately after completion of this offering is based on 5,094,030 shares of our Class A common stock and 5,426,402 shares of our Class B common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2026 and excludes as of such date:
| ● | 1,264,105 shares of Class A common stock reserved for future grant or issuance under our 2026 Plan (as defined below), which shares will automatically increase each year, as more fully described in “Executive and Director Compensation;” | |
| ● | 711,751 shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of options outstanding, having a weighted-average exercise price of $0.23 per share; | |
| ● | 893,401 shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants outstanding, having a weighted-average exercise price of $0.0028 per share; and |
Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, all information in this prospectus assumes or gives effect to:
| ● | no exercise or termination of outstanding options or warrants after March 31, 2026; |
| ● | the filing and effectiveness of our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation in Delaware and the adoption of our amended and restated bylaws immediately prior to the closing of this offering, the reclassification of certain of our outstanding common stock as Class B common stock, the conversion of shares of our Series Seed-1, Series Seed-2 and Series A preferred stock to Class A common stock, and a 3.57-for-1 stock split that will be effected immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part; and |
| ● | no exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option to purchase additional shares of our Class A common stock. |
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The summary statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 and the selected balance sheet data as of December 31, 2025 have been derived from our audited financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any other period in the future. You should read the financial data set forth below in conjunction with our financial statements and the accompanying notes, the information in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and other financial information contained elsewhere in this prospectus.
Statements of Operations
For the Years Ended December 31, 2025 and 2024
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Revenue | $ | 551,383 | $ | 14,402 | ||||
| Operating Expenses: | ||||||||
| Cost of revenue – exclusive of amortization | 465,075 | 242,233 | ||||||
| Amortization and depreciation | 524,320 | 385,463 | ||||||
| Sales and marketing | 723,999 | 303,925 | ||||||
| General and administrative | 1,714,091 | 359,662 | ||||||
| Total Operating Expenses | 3,427,485 | 1,291,283 | ||||||
| Operating Loss | (2,876,102 | ) | (1,276,881 | ) | ||||
| Other Income (Expense) | ||||||||
| Realized gain on bitcoin | 174,828 | 1,077 | ||||||
| Unrealized gain (loss) on bitcoin | (196,529 | ) | 533,326 | |||||
| Total Other Income (Expense) | (21,701 | ) | 534,403 | |||||
| Net Loss | $ | (2,897,803 | ) | $ | (742,478 | ) | ||
| Basic loss per common share:(1) | ||||||||
| Net loss per share | $ | (2.76 | ) | $ | (1.05 | ) | ||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding | 1,049,148 | 707,305 | ||||||
| Diluted loss per common share:(1) | ||||||||
| Net loss per share | $ | (2.76 | ) | $ | (1.05 | ) | ||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding | 1,049,148 | 707,305 | ||||||
(1) See Note 7 to our financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for an explanation of the calculation of our basic and diluted net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders.
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| As of December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||
| Actual | Pro Forma(1) | Pro Forma As Adjusted(2)(3) | ||||||||||
| Balance Sheet Data: | ||||||||||||
| Cash | $ | 2,317,761 | $ | 2,317,761 | $ | 15,584,431 | ||||||
| Bitcoin | 1,023,306 | 1,023,306 | 1,023,306 | |||||||||
| Capitalized software costs, net | 2,362,313 | 2,362,313 | 2,362,313 | |||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | 6,146,339 | $ | 6,146,339 | $ | 19,613,009 | ||||||
| Deferred revenue | 29,440 | 29,440 | 29,440 | |||||||||
| Total Liabilities | 321,596 | 321,596 | 321,596 | |||||||||
| Preferred stock | 1,243 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | 10,408,925 | 10,401,815 | 23,665,162 | |||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | (4,586,845 | ) | (4,586,845 | ) | (4,586,845 | ) | ||||||
| Total Stockholders’ Equity | 5,824,843 | 5,824,843 | 19,091,513 | |||||||||
(1) The pro forma column above reflects (i) the filing and effectiveness of our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation in Delaware immediately prior to the closing of this offering, (ii) the reclassification of certain of our outstanding common stock as Class B common stock, (iii) the conversion of shares of our Series Seed-1, Series Seed-2 and Series A preferred stock to Class A common stock and (iv) the 3.57-for-1 stock split that will be effected immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, as if such events had occurred on December 31, 2025.
(2) The pro forma as adjusted column above gives effect to (i) the pro forma adjustments set forth in footnote (1) above and (ii) the issuance and sale by us of shares of Class A common stock in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $4.75 per share of Class A common stock, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
(3) Each $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $4.75 per share, which is the midpoint of the offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) our pro forma as adjusted cash and bitcoin, capitalized software costs, net, total assets, additional paid-in capital, and total stockholders’ equity by approximately $3.1 million, assuming that the number of shares of our Class A common stock offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. Similarly, an increase (decrease) of 1.0 million shares in the number of shares offered by us would increase (decrease) the amount of our pro forma as adjusted cash, cash and bitcoin, capitalized software costs, net, total assets, additional paid-in capital, and total stockholders’ equity by approximately $4.4 million, assuming the assumed initial public offering price of $4.75 per share, which is the midpoint of the offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. Pro forma adjustments in the footnotes above and the related information in the balance sheet data are illustrative only and may differ from actual amounts based on, among other things, the actual initial public offering price and other terms of this offering determined at pricing.
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Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the following risk factors, as well as all of the other information contained in this prospectus, including “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our audited financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus, before deciding to invest in our securities. The occurrence of any of the following risks could materially and adversely affect our business, strategies, prospects, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In such case, the market price of our securities could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment. The risks and uncertainties described below are not intended to be exhaustive and are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business operations. This prospectus also contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. See “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” Our actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including those described below.
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
We have a limited operating history with an evolving business focused on AI agents, which makes it difficult to evaluate our prospects, plan for future operations, and forecast our results.
We are building the AI Agent Operating System for modern business, and our platform, go-to-market, and unit economics are in early stages of development and commercialization. While initial deployments and partner launches demonstrate product-market fit and usage traction, our limited operating history at the scale, scope, and complexity contemplated by this offering limits the availability of historical data from which to evaluate our business, model future growth, or predict demand cycles for agent-based, usage-driven offerings. Our ability to forecast revenue, gross margins, operating expenses, and cash flows is subject to significant uncertainty, including the pace of partner adoption, the timing of embedded launches, variability in end-customer usage, and external macroeconomic conditions. In addition, we operate in a nascent industry, which subjects our business to greater risks and uncertainties than if we operated in a mature industry. If our assumptions regarding these uncertainties are incorrect or change, or if we do not address these risks successfully, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects could be adversely affected.
Our use and provision of AI-powered solutions could lead to operational or reputational damage, competitive harm, legal and regulatory risk and additional costs.
Use and provision of AI, including generative AI, is a core part of our business, both in terms of the services we offer and how we operate. The use of generative AI, a relatively new and emerging technology in the early stages of commercial use, exposes us to additional potential risks, such as damage to our reputation, competitive position and business, legal and regulatory risks and additional costs. For example, generative AI has been known to produce false or “hallucinatory” inferences or output, and certain generative AI uses machine learning and predictive analytics, which can create inaccurate, incomplete or misleading output, unintended biases and other discriminatory or unexpected results, errors or inadequacies, any of which may not be easily detectable. Accordingly, while AI-powered applications may help provide more tailored or personalized user experiences, if the content, analyses or recommendations that AI-powered solutions assist in producing our products and services are, or are perceived to be, deficient, inaccurate, biased, unethical or otherwise flawed, our reputation, competitive position and business may be materially and adversely affected.
Additionally, if any of our employees, contractors, vendors or service providers use any third-party AI-powered software in connection with our services, it may lead to the inadvertent disclosure of our confidential information, including inadvertent disclosure of our confidential information into publicly available third-party training sets, which may impact our ability to realize the benefit of, or adequately maintain, protect and enforce our intellectual property or confidential information, harming our competitive position and business. Our ability to mitigate risks associated with disclosure of our confidential information, including in connection with AI-powered software, will depend on our implementation, maintenance, monitoring and enforcement of appropriate technical and administrative safeguards, policies and procedures governing the use of AI in our business.
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Additionally, any content created by us using generative AI tools may not be subject to copyright protection which may adversely affect our intellectual property rights in, or ability to commercialize or use, any such content. In the United States, a number of civil lawsuits have been initiated related to the foregoing and other concerns, the outcome of any one of which may, among other things, require us to limit the ways in which we use AI in our business and may affect our ability to develop our AI-powered platform innovations and features. For example, the output produced by generative AI tools may include information subject to certain rights of publicity or privacy laws or constitute an unauthorized derivative work of the copyrighted material used in training the underlying AI model, any of which could also create a risk of liability for us, or adversely affect our business or operations. In addition, the use of AI has resulted in, and may in the future result in, cybersecurity breaches or incidents that implicate the personal data of users of AI-powered applications. To the extent that we do not have sufficient rights to use the data or other material or content used in or produced by the generative AI tools used in our business, or if we experience cybersecurity breaches or incidents in connection with our use of AI, it could adversely affect our reputation and expose us to legal liability or regulatory risk, including with respect to third-party intellectual property, privacy, publicity, contractual or other rights.
Further, our competitors or other third parties may incorporate AI into their products more quickly or more successfully than us, which could impair our ability to compete effectively. As the utilization of AI becomes more prevalent, we anticipate that it will continue to present new or unanticipated ethical, reputational, technical, operational, legal, competitive and regulatory issues, among others. We expect that such utilization of AI will require additional resources, including the incurrence of additional costs, to develop and maintain our platform offerings, services and features to minimize potentially harmful or unintended consequences, to comply with applicable and emerging laws and regulations, to maintain or extend our competitive position and to address any ethical, reputational, technical, operational, legal, competitive or regulatory issues which may arise as a result of any of the foregoing. As a result, the challenges presented with our use of AI could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Regulatory and legislative developments related to the use of AI could adversely affect our use and provision of AI-powered solutions in our products, services and business.
As the regulatory framework for machine learning technology, generative AI and automated decision making evolves, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected. The regulatory framework for AI and similar technologies, and automated decision making, is changing rapidly and subject to ongoing challenges at the federal and state levels. It is possible that new laws, executive orders, and regulations will be adopted in the United States and in non-U.S. jurisdictions, or that existing laws, orders, and regulations may be interpreted in ways that would affect our use and provision of AI-powered solutions in our products, services and business. We may not be able to adequately anticipate or respond to these evolving laws and regulations, and we may need to expend additional resources to adjust our offerings in certain jurisdictions if applicable legal frameworks are inconsistent across jurisdictions. In addition, because these technologies are themselves highly complex and rapidly developing, it is not possible to predict all of the legal or regulatory risks that may arise relating to our use of such technologies. Further, the cost to comply with such laws or regulations could be significant and would increase our operating expenses, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
For example, in Europe, the European Parliament formally enacted the European Union’s Artificial Intelligence Act (the “AI Act”). The AI Act establishes, among other things, a risk-based governance framework for regulating AI systems operating in the European Union. This framework seeks to categorize AI systems, based on the risks associated with such AI systems’ intended purposes, as creating unacceptable or high risks, with all other AI systems being considered low risk. While the AI Act has only recently been enacted, there is a risk that our current or future AI-powered software or applications may obligate us to comply with the applicable requirements of the AI Act, which may impose additional costs on us, increase our risk of liability or adversely affect our business. For example, the AI Act would prohibit certain uses of AI systems and place numerous obligations on providers and deployers of permitted AI systems, with heightened requirements based on AI systems that are considered high risk. This regulatory framework is expected to have a material impact on the way AI is regulated in the European Union and beyond, and, together with developing regulatory guidance and judicial decisions in this area, may affect our use of AI and our ability to provide and to improve our services, require additional compliance measures and changes to our operations and processes, result in increased compliance costs and potential increases in civil claims against us and could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Further, on December 11, 2025, the Trump Administration issued an Executive Order titled “Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence” (the “AI-EO”). The AI-EO seeks to streamline state-level regulations under a unified federal framework; however, state attorneys general are expected to challenge its preemptive effect.
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The market in which we operate is highly competitive and rapidly changing and we may be unable to compete successfully.
There are several companies that develop or may develop products that compete in the AI Agent market. The market for our products and technologies is characterized by intense competition, evolving industry and regulatory standards, emerging business and distribution models, disruptive software technology developments, short product and service life cycles, price sensitivity on the part of customers, and frequent new product introductions, including alternatives to certain of our products from other vendors which may be offered at significantly lower costs, as loss leaders to a larger technology platform, or free of charge. Current and potential competitors have established, or may establish, cooperative relationships among themselves or with third parties to increase the ability of their technologies to address the needs of our current and prospective customers. Furthermore, current or prospective customers may decide to develop competing products or to establish, strategic relationships with our competitors.
Competition in the AI Agent market could adversely affect our operating results by reducing the volume of the products and technologies we license or sell, the prices we can charge or our obligations to incur expenses or capital costs associated with the development, acquisition or promotion of new products or technologies. Some of our current or potential competitors are large technology companies that have significantly greater financial, technical and marketing resources than we do, and others may possess specialized expertise or proprietary technologies and may have greater price flexibility than we do in connection with their business models. These competitors may be able to respond more rapidly than we can to new or emerging technologies or changes in customer requirements, or may decide to offer products at low or unsustainable cost to win new business or to retain their existing clients. They may also devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products than we do, and in certain cases may be able to include or combine their competitive products or technologies with other of their products or technologies in a manner whereby the competitive functionality is available at lower cost or free of charge within the larger offering. To the extent they do so, the penetration of our products, and therefore our revenue, may be adversely affected. Our large competitors may also have greater access to customer data, which provides them with a competitive advantage in developing new products and technologies. Our success depends substantially upon our ability to enhance our products and technologies, to develop and introduce, on a timely and cost-effective basis, new products and technologies that meet changing customer requirements and incorporate technological enhancements, and to maintain our alignment with the technologies and market strategies of our customers, which change and advance over time. If we are unable to develop new products and enhance functionalities or technologies to adapt to these changes and maintain our alignment with our customers, our business will suffer.
Our business depends on our ability to attract new customers and on existing customers continuing and expanding their use of our AI agent platform; if we fail to do so, our growth prospects, operating results, and financial condition could be adversely affected.
Our future success depends in large part on our ability to attract new customers—including software vendors, managed service providers, and end businesses—and to retain and expand our relationships with existing customers. The market for AI agent operating systems is rapidly evolving, and our ability to grow revenue and achieve profitability is directly tied to the adoption and increased usage of our platform by both new and existing customers.
We face significant challenges in attracting new customers. Many businesses, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), have expressed low confidence in deploying new technologies such as AI agents without expert support. If we are unable to effectively communicate the value proposition of our platform, demonstrate measurable outcomes, or provide sufficient onboarding and support, potential customers may choose not to adopt our solutions or may select competing products.
In addition, our business model relies on existing customers expanding their use of our platform over time, including by increasing the number of agents deployed, adopting additional workflows, or utilizing new features and integrations. If our customers do not perceive sufficient value in our platform, encounter technical or operational challenges, or are dissatisfied with the performance, reliability, or compliance features of our solutions, they may reduce their usage, fail to expand adoption, or discontinue use altogether. This risk is heightened by the usage-based nature of our pricing, which ties our revenue to operational volumes such as minutes, messages, and completed actions, rather than to fixed seat licenses.
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Customer attrition or contraction in usage could result from a variety of factors, including changes in customer business needs, budget constraints, increased competition, integration or technical issues, regulatory changes, or dissatisfaction with our platform’s features or support. In addition, our reliance on channel partners such as software vendors and service providers to distribute and embed our platform means that our ability to attract and retain end customers is also dependent on the continued engagement and success of these partners.
If we are unable to attract new customers, or if our existing customers do not continue or expand their use of our platform, our revenue growth may slow or decline, our operating results could be adversely affected, and we may be unable to achieve or maintain profitability. These risks could materially and adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We derive substantially all of our revenue from our AI Agent Operating System and platform, and our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be adversely affected if this platform fails to achieve or maintain market acceptance.
Our business is highly dependent on the success and continued market acceptance of our AI Agent Operating System and related platform offerings. Substantially all of our revenue to date has been generated from customers’ use of this platform, including its core runtime, orchestration, integrations, and associated features. As a result, our future growth and financial performance are closely tied to the continued adoption, usage, and expansion of our AI Agent Operating System by new and existing customers.
If our platform fails to achieve widespread adoption or loses market acceptance for any reason—including technological advancements by competitors, changes in customer preferences, perceived lack of value, reliability or compliance concerns, or the emergence of alternative solutions—our ability to generate revenue would be materially and adversely affected. In addition, our reliance on a single platform offering exposes us to risks associated with product defects, security vulnerabilities, regulatory changes, or shifts in industry standards that could negatively impact customer satisfaction or limit our ability to deliver our services.
Our concentration of revenue from a single platform also limits our ability to offset declines in demand or usage with other products or services. If we are unable to successfully enhance our platform, introduce new features or complementary offerings, or adapt to evolving market requirements, our customers may reduce their usage, fail to renew or expand their subscriptions, or discontinue use of our platform altogether. Any such developments could result in reduced revenue, increased customer churn, and harm to our reputation and competitive position.
Accordingly, any factor that adversely affects demand for, or the market acceptance of, our AI Agent Operating System and platform could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Adverse conditions in the AI Agent markets in which we operate or the global economy more generally could have adverse effects on our results of our operations.
Our business depends on, and is directly affected by, demand for AI-powered software, communications and customer-operations platforms, and related services. In particular, our results are influenced by the health of the markets for AI agents and automation, unified communications and contact center solutions, and the broader business software ecosystem into which our platform integrates. Any significant adverse change in any of these markets, or in the global economy more generally, including a downturn in IT and AI spending or in the sectors where our partners and end customers operate (such as home services, logistics, healthcare, and appointment-driven services), may reduce usage of our platform, slow customer or partner adoption, or lead to contract renegotiations or cancellations.
Adverse macroeconomic conditions—including inflation, rising interest rates, bank instability, geopolitical conflict, labor market disruptions, or recession—may cause our customers or partners to reduce budgets, delay or cancel projects, or prioritize other investments over AI agents. Customers may also become unwilling or unable to pay invoices when due, or may seek more favorable pricing and commercial terms, which could reduce our revenue and margins. If one or more significant customers or partners were to experience financial distress or bankruptcy, we could experience reduced usage or non-payment for services already delivered. Any of these developments could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition.
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Our revenue model is primarily usage-based and tied to minutes, messages, and completed actions, which may cause significant variability in our results of operations and cash flows.
Unlike traditional seat-based software models, our packaging and pricing are primarily aligned to consumption and outcomes—such as tokens, voice minutes, messages, email volume, and completed actions like scheduled appointments or collected payments—across voice, messaging, email, and web channels. As a result, our revenue and gross margins can fluctuate with end-customer activity levels and increased service productivity, including seasonality and cyclicality in the verticals we serve (for example, home services, logistics, retail, and healthcare enrollment windows), campaign intensity and marketing spend by our customers and partners, partner release and commercialization cadence for embedded Vida agents, and carrier, consent, or other communications policy changes.
Many of our costs, including personnel, cloud infrastructure commitments, compliance programs, and core administrative expenses, are relatively fixed in the near term and require time to adjust, which may result in margins and cash flows that differ from expectations if usage falls below forecast in a particular period. Delays in partner launches, slower-than-expected usage ramp within installed bases, or changes in customer or partner procurement cycles could materially affect our quarterly and annual results of operations.
Our growth depends on market adoption of AI agents delivered within existing systems of record; if agent-based software does not achieve widespread adoption or develops more slowly than we expect, our business may not grow as anticipated.
The market for omnichannel, outcome-driven AI agents embedded in business software is relatively new and characterized by rapid technological change, evolving standards, and uncertain customer acceptance. While we believe there is a significant potential market for our products and services, our estimates and assumptions may prove inaccurate. Businesses may delay or reduce adoption due to perceived risks, unclear return on investment, regulatory uncertainty in communications and privacy, or satisfaction with legacy processes and seat-based software. Customers and partners may prefer incumbent seat-based solutions, in-house builds, or vendors that bundle AI features within broader UCaaS/CCaaS suites. Prospective customers may choose to build in-house, adopt alternative platforms, or defer investments given macroeconomic uncertainty.
In addition, market education may take longer than expected, particularly where customers have entrenched investments in contact-center suites, bespoke integrations, or manual workflows that they perceive as adequate. Market opportunity estimates and growth forecasts, including those we reference, are subject to significant uncertainty and may prove inaccurate. Even if the markets in which we compete achieve forecasted growth, we may fail to capture opportunities due to competition, perceived value, compliance concerns, pricing, or inability to execute partner motions at the speed and scale required. Adoption curves may vary by vertical and geography, and early pilots may not translate into broad production usage. Even when adoption occurs, customers may limit deployments to narrow use cases, cap usage, or require extensive proofs of value that extend sales cycles and increase pre-sales costs. Standards and best practices for responsible AI and automated interactions are still evolving; changes in carrier policies, privacy regimes, or emerging AI frameworks could add friction, increase compliance costs, or constrain certain automation patterns. If adoption grows slower than we expect, if customers do not view our solutions as compelling or necessary, or if competitive technologies redefine the market, our growth, revenue, and unit economics could be materially and adversely affected.
We face intense competition from UCaaS/CCaaS platforms, no-code agent builders, developer-first APIs, white-label voice agent platforms, and in-house solutions.
We compete in a rapidly evolving landscape that includes (1) unified communications as a service (UCaaS) and contact center as a service (CCaaS) platforms that increasingly bundle AI features such as virtual agents, summaries, and agent assist; (2) no-code or low-code voice and messaging agent builders; (3) developer-first APIs and components for models, speech, telephony, and orchestration; (4) partner and white-label AI voice agent platforms that target resellers and agencies; and (5) enterprises and software vendors that build agent stacks in-house. Many of these current or potential competitors have significantly greater financial, technical, and marketing resources, larger sales organizations, broader product portfolios, deeper relationships with customers and partners, and more extensive access to data than we do.
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They may devote greater resources to the development, promotion, and sale of competing products and services, respond more quickly to new technologies or customer requirements, or bundle AI features into existing offerings at a lower price or no additional charge. Some competitors may also control key channel relationships or own systems of record into which agents are embedded, which could enable them to restrict or discourage the use of competing platforms such as ours. In addition, customers and partners may choose to build their own solutions using APIs and open-source tools, or may prefer to purchase AI features from existing UCaaS, CCaaS, or CRM providers, which can limit our ability to win or retain business.
Consolidation among larger vendors or component suppliers (such as LLM, speech, or communications providers) could accelerate competing product roadmaps, compress pricing, or limit our access to critical technologies. If we are unable to differentiate our platform—particularly our embedded integrations with systems of record, partner-centric multi-tenant tooling, compliance-first design, and usage-aligned packaging—or if competitors introduce more attractive or lower-cost offerings, we may lose customers, partners, or market share, and our business, results of operations, and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.
Our partner-led distribution strategy may not perform as expected; we may fail to attract, enable, and retain managed service providers, telecom advisors, UCaaS/CCaaS platforms, and vertical SaaS vendors at the pace and scale we anticipate.
Our growth relies heavily on enabling partners to embed, resell, and operate agents across large installed bases. We may be unable to recruit sufficient numbers of qualified partners, deliver enablement programs that drive attach and expansion, or provide product features and economics that meet partner expectations. Partners may prioritize competing solutions, experience their own operational or financial constraints, or require customizations that increase our costs. If channel motions do not produce the expected returns, or if portfolio rollouts stall due to compliance, integration, or product readiness issues, our ability to grow efficiently and predictably could be impaired.
Because we rely heavily on partners to market, configure, and operate our platform for end customers, we are exposed to reputational, operational, and regulatory risks arising from their activities, which we do not fully control.
A core element of our strategy is to distribute the Vida Agent OS on a white-label basis through channel partners, including software vendors, managed service providers, EHR platforms, telecom advisors and technology agents, and, in some cases, individuals and small agencies that build businesses on top of our platform. These partners market, sell, configure, and operate agents for end customers, often under their own brands, and in many cases handle day-to-day interactions with those customers, including but not limited to, onboarding of customers and handling consent workflows.
While this model can accelerate adoption and expand our reach, it also limits our visibility into, and control over, how our platform is marketed and used. Partners may misconfigure agents, fail to implement our recommended notices, configurations, consent, recording, or redaction settings, make statements about our products that are inaccurate or misleading, fail to provide adequate support, or otherwise use our platform in ways that create poor outcomes or legal risk for customers. Partners may also fail to comply with applicable laws, regulations, or industry standards—including those governing communications, privacy, security, AI, telemarketing, and payments—even where our platform includes features designed to support compliance. Although our agreements generally require partners to follow our policies and comply with law, and we provide training and enablement, we cannot guarantee that partners will do so.
We may be perceived as responsible for, or may be alleged to have direct or vicarious liability for, our partners’ actions or omissions. In addition, if partners perform poorly, reprioritize other products, experience financial distress, or terminate their relationships with us, affected end customers may attribute those problems to us or may decide to discontinue use of our platform. Any of these events could damage our reputation, increase support and compliance costs, limit adoption, and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
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Our operating results could be materially and adversely affected if we lose any of our largest customers.
The loss of business from any of our major customers, whether by lower overall demand for the products manufactured by our major customers, cancellation of existing contracts or the failure to award us new business, could have a material adverse effect on our operating results. Alternatively, there is a risk that one or more of our major customers could be unable to pay its invoices as they become due or that a customer will simply refuse to make such payments given its financial difficulties. If a major customer becomes subject to bankruptcy or similar proceedings whereby contractual commitments are subject to stay of execution and the possibility of legal or other modification, or if a major customer otherwise successfully procures protection against us legally enforcing our obligations, it is likely that we will be forced to record a substantial loss.
During the year ended December 31, 2025, two (2) customers accounted for the following approximate percentages of our total revenues during the applicable period: 29.7% and 13.4%, respectively. Both of such customers are commercial customers.
We generally enter into terms of engagement with our largest customers, including the customers identified above. Our largest current customers entered into terms of engagement with us pursuant to which they are provided proprietary Voice and Messaging Telephone AI agents and related services. The license fees that we receive under our terms of engagement are fixed minimum monthly hosting fees with overage charges based on usage. Our terms of engagement generally renew automatically for one year terms and are terminable by the customer upon prior written notice of thirty days.
Adverse economic conditions or reduced technology spending may adversely impact our business.
Our business depends on the overall demand for technology and on the economic performance of our current and prospective customers. In general, worldwide economic conditions may remain unstable, including inflation, in particular in connection with the implementation of tariffs in the U.S. and abroad, and these conditions would make it difficult for our customers, prospective customers and us to forecast and plan future business activities accurately, and they could cause our customers or prospective customers to reevaluate their decision to purchase our features. Weak global economic conditions, changes in consumer behavior or a reduction in technology spending even if economic conditions stabilize, could adversely impact our business and results of operations in a number of ways, including longer sales cycles, lower demand or prices for our platform, fewer subscriptions and lower or no growth.
We may not successfully manage our growth or plan for future growth, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We have experienced, and may continue to experience, rapid growth in our business, including expansion of our customer and partner base, increased usage of our platform, and greater scale and complexity in our operations. Our model is designed to support a wide range of customers—including software vendors, managed service providers, telecom advisors, and end businesses—across multiple channels, workflows, and geographies, often through multi-tenant, white-label deployments.
Managing this growth will require us to continue to invest in and expand our infrastructure, information technology systems, security and compliance programs (including our SOC 2 program and, where applicable, HIPAA-oriented configurations or payment integrations), and internal controls and procedures. We must also recruit, integrate, and retain highly qualified personnel in engineering, product, security, compliance, partner success, and operations. As a lean and largely distributed organization that relies heavily on automation and our own agents in our internal operations, we may face particular challenges in scaling our team, maintaining our culture, and ensuring effective communication and coordination across functions and time zones.
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Certain members of our management team have limited experience managing a rapidly growing or public company, which could impair our ability to effectively oversee and direct our expansion and to satisfy our obligations as a public company. Rapid growth may also make it difficult for us to accurately forecast our future operating results and cash needs, manage seasonality and cyclicality in usage, or allocate resources efficiently. If we are unable to effectively manage our growth, maintain the necessary level of operational efficiency and control, or accurately plan for future expansion, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
We may experience long and variable sales and activation cycles, including embedded launches through vendor partners, which require upfront investments with uncertain payback.
Our go-to-market model relies heavily on channel partners—such as software vendors, managed service providers, telecom advisors, and UCaaS or CCaaS platforms—to embed, resell, and operate agents across their installed bases. Implementing these partner motions often involves complex integrations, connector certification, schema mapping, multi-tenant administration and billing configuration, joint product design, and co-marketing programs. These activities can require significant upfront investment of time and resources from our product, engineering, compliance, sales, and customer success teams before meaningful usage or revenue materializes.
Sales and activation cycles can be long and unpredictable. Embedded launches and vendor SKUs may be delayed by partners’ product roadmaps, release calendars, or technical priorities; extended proofs of concept; customer onboarding schedules; compliance and security reviews; budget approvals; or changes in partner strategy or personnel. Even after a partner has launched a product powered by our platform, adoption within their installed base may ramp more slowly than we or the partner expect, or may stall at an early stage. In some cases we may invest in connectors or features for a specific partner or vertical that do not achieve anticipated usage or revenue.
If we are unable to shorten sales and activation cycles, increase conversion of pilots and embedded features into durable, scaled usage, or accurately forecast partner launches and ramp profiles, we may incur significant costs that are not recovered, our revenue may be more volatile and difficult to predict, and our margins and growth trajectory could be adversely affected.
We are subject to complex and evolving telemarketing, messaging, and anti-spam laws, and any failure by us, our customers, or our partners to comply with such laws could result in significant liability and harm our business.
We, our customers, and our partners use our platform to place and receive calls, send and receive text messages (including SMS and MMS), and deliver email and other electronic communications. As a result, we are, and our customers and partners are, subject to numerous federal, state, and foreign laws and regulations governing telemarketing, automated and prerecorded calls and messages, text messaging, and email marketing, including the U.S. Telephone Consumer Protection Act, or TCPA, the Telemarketing Sales Rule, the Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography And Marketing Act, or CAN-SPAM Act, analogous state “mini-TCPA” laws, do-not-call and do-not-contact rules, registration and bond requirements, and similar foreign laws. These regimes impose requirements relating to, among other things, consent, identification, opt-out mechanisms, calling and messaging times, recordkeeping, and the use of automatic telephone dialing systems, prerecorded or artificial voice calls, and automated text messages.
Although our platform includes features such as consent capture, proof storage, do-not-contact enforcement, quiet-hour controls, and caller ID attestation, our customers and partners control how they use these features and are responsible in the first instance for compliance with applicable laws. For example, we gate certain higher-risk features—such as auto dialer capabilities, which are disabled by default and require additional written agreements and configuration reviews before activation. Our customers are responsible for customizing consent/monitoring disclosures (our defaults require all-party consent to recording but customers may change those settings). We contractually require customers and partners to obtain all necessary consents and required brand and campaign registrations with mobile carriers, and comply with applicable rules. However, if our customers or partners fail to implement required registrations, disclosures, or consent flows, or if our gating, defaults, or guidance prove insufficient, we could face carrier blocks, investigations, class actions, or required changes to product functionality. Claims under the TCPA and similar laws can result in substantial statutory damages per call or message, aggregated in putative class actions, as well as injunctions, regulatory investigations, and reputational harm. Any determination that we, our customers, or our partners have violated telemarketing, anti-spam, or related laws could result in significant liability, require changes to our platform or business practices, reduce usage of our services, and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations
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Our platform depends on reliable omnichannel operations—telephony, messaging, email, and web chat—which are subject to carrier policies, registration requirements, caller ID attestation, consent rules, labeling risks, and evolving regulations.
At scale, our customers and partners must manage consent, quiet hours, opt-in/opt-out records, call recording disclosures, do-not-contact lists, registration and bond requirements, and STIR/SHAKEN caller ID attestation. Carriers and regulators may change policies or enforcement approaches (e.g., TCR registration, spam labeling), which could impact deliverability, outreach volumes, number management, or costs. Misconfiguration by customers or partners, or gaps in product defaults, could result in outreach restrictions, reputational harm, or regulatory exposure. If we fail to adapt platform primitives and guidance to evolving rules across jurisdictions, our customers’ and partners’ ability to operate agents effectively may be impaired.
Our software is complex and may not perform as intended for all customers and partners, particularly at scale across many tenants and real-time channels.
Production agents require multi-LLM orchestration, tool permissioning, consent and disclosure logic, auditability, and failover. Errors in orchestration, degraded model or ASR/TTS performance, insufficient guardrails, connector failures, or misconfigurations can reduce task success rates, increase latency, compromise reliability, or lead to unintended actions. Customers or partners may not follow recommended policies or training, leading to suboptimal outcomes or compliance gaps. If our platform fails to perform as desired or if support and QA are insufficient, we may face negative publicity, contract terminations, reduced usage, or claims.
If we fail to enhance our platform and introduce new features, templates, connectors, and capabilities that keep pace with rapid technological change, our competitiveness could be impaired.
The AI agent landscape is characterized by rapid advances in LLMs, speech technologies, orchestration strategies, evaluation methods, and compliance frameworks. Our ability to grow depends on continuous improvements to multi-LLM routing, hierarchical tool plans, policy-aware orchestration, observability and auto-QA, embeddable components, and connector coverage. We may allocate resources to initiatives that do not achieve anticipated market acceptance; we may experience delays or defects; or we may be outpaced by competitors introducing better or lower-cost solutions. If we cannot adapt quickly and cost-effectively, we may lose market relevance and share.
We rely on third-party technologies and service providers for models, speech, telephony, cloud infrastructure, and payments. Disruptions, terminations, price increases, or unfavorable terms could harm our platform functionality, costs, and customer experience.
Our platform depends on a variety of third-party technologies and services, including commercial LLMs, automatic speech recognition (ASR), speech-to-speech (STS), speech-to-text (STT), and text-to-speech (TTS) services, telephony and messaging carriers and aggregators (including SIP and PBX connectivity and SMS/MMS routing), public cloud infrastructure providers, email infrastructure, and payment processors and billing systems such as Stripe and Chargebee. We also rely on numerous third-party integrations and connectors to systems of record such as CRMs, schedulers, ticketing systems, and vertical software platforms.
We configure the commercial LLMs and AI providers not to use our customer’s data for model training. We also require our third-party service providers to implement appropriate security and privacy safeguards through our vendor management program and, where applicable, BAAs. these measures may not eliminate all risk and changes by a key provider could necessitate re-engineering, migration, or reduced functionality.
Even where providers and vendors offer such controls and safeguards, these providers and vendors may experience outages, degraded performance, cyber incidents, capacity constraints, or other failures that may interrupt or impair the availability, quality, or security of our services or data handling and these measures may not eliminate all risk. In addition, changes by a key provider could necessitate re-engineering, migration or reduced functionality and these providers and vendors may also modify or discontinue features we rely on, impose new usage limits, increase prices, or change licensing or business terms in ways that are unfavorable to us. In some cases, key technologies may be acquired by competitors or may be integrated into competing offerings, which could result in restricted access, increased costs, or reduced differentiation for our platform.
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Replacing or re-architecting third-party components can be expensive, time-consuming, and risky, and suitable alternatives may not be available on favorable terms or at all. Transitioning away from an existing provider may require changes to our platform and our customers’ configurations and could result in service disruptions, reduced performance, or loss of features. If we are unable to maintain effective relationships with critical third-party providers, manage changes in their services or terms, or ensure adequate redundancy and resilience, our reliability, security, customer experience, and margins could be adversely affected, which in turn could harm our business, results of operations, and financial condition.
Our expansion into regulated workflows (including HIPAA redaction options and payment-related actions) increases compliance complexity and cost, and any failure to meet evolving standards could limit adoption or result in liability.
We increasingly support workflows in regulated areas such as healthcare communications, payment initiation, and other processes that may involve personal data, electronic protected health information (ePHI), or other sensitive information. As of the date of this prospectus, we do not currently have HIPAA customers and do not store protected health information on our systems. Our platform includes features such as configurable recording and transcription settings, redaction of specified data elements from call recordings and transcripts, consent and disclosure prompts, audit logs, and controls for data retention and access. If and when we onboard HIPAA customers, we expect to act as a business associate and enter into business associate agreements (BAAs) with such customers, rely on HIPAA-enabled product configurations (including configurable recording/transcription, redaction, consent/disclosure prompts, audit logs, and retention controls), and on sub-processors that have executed appropriate BAAs. In certain deployments, we may integrate with third-party payment providers that are subject to PCI DSS and other financial regulations.
Operating in these regulated environments requires significant investment in product features, security and privacy controls, compliance programs (including our SOC 2 program), vendor management, and customer support. Legal and regulatory requirements—including those relating to healthcare privacy, communications and telemarketing, payments, AI governance, and data protection—are complex, evolve frequently, and may be interpreted inconsistently across jurisdictions. Customers and partners are ultimately responsible for configuring and using our platform in a compliant manner, but regulators, customers, or end users may nonetheless assert that we share responsibility for any violations or incidents.
If our platform features, controls, or documentation are perceived as insufficient for regulated use cases; if we or our subprocessors experience a security or privacy incident involving ePHI or other sensitive data; if courts or regulators interpret existing requirements in unexpected ways; or if we or our customers fail to comply with applicable laws, rules, standards, contractual commitments, or BAAs, we could face investigations, enforcement actions, fines, penalties, contractual damages, or other liabilities. We could also be required to make significant changes to our platform, restrict certain workflows, or forgo opportunities in regulated verticals, any of which could increase our costs, reduce adoption, and adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition. Also, advertising HIPAA-oriented capabilities before material HIPAA production usage could create expectations regulators, customers, or investors may later view as over-stated, and any failure to meet evolving HIPAA expectations could increase liability, remediation costs, or constrain our roadmap.
Our ability to grow and operate efficiently depends on hiring, retaining, and developing personnel with expertise across AI orchestration, regulated communications, partner enablement, and enterprise reliability.
We run a lean organization and use our platform to automate internal processes. As we scale, we must attract and retain talent in engineering, product, compliance, partner success, and operations. Competition for qualified personnel is intense, and failures in staffing could slow innovation, reduce partner activation quality, or impair customer outcomes. Rapid growth may also strain systems, controls, and culture, increasing the risk of mistakes, security issues, or suboptimal decisions that affect performance or trust.
Our brand and reputation are critical to adoption by partners and end customers. Any failure to deliver consistent, compliant outcomes could harm our relationships and growth.
The credibility of AI agents depends on measurable task success, reliable guardrails, and clear observability. Product defects, outages, compliance incidents, perceived misuse, or poor partner implementations can erode trust and limit expansion. Negative publicity regarding AI behaviors, data handling, or communications practices—whether or not attributable to our platform—could reduce demand, hinder partner motions, and adversely affect our business.
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Macroeconomic conditions, geopolitical events, or sector-specific cycles could reduce our partners’ and customers’ budgets and usage, impairing growth and results.
Our business depends on the overall demand for technology and on the economic performance of our current and prospective customers and partners. Because our revenue model is usage-based, reductions in activity levels—such as fewer calls, messages, or completed actions—can directly reduce our revenue even if the number of deployed agents or customers does not change. Inflation, interest rate changes, bank instability, labor market shifts, geopolitical conflicts, and recessionary conditions may reduce IT and AI budgets, delay partner launches, or cause end customers to scale back usage or defer new workflows. Vertical cycles (for example, home services and logistics seasonality, holiday-driven retail volumes, or healthcare enrollment windows) may amplify variability in minutes, messages, and completed actions. Prolonged macroeconomic uncertainty or sector-specific downturns could challenge customer acquisition, retention, or adoption of new workflows, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
If our performance metrics, illustrative case studies, or internal concepts such as “Return on AI” are inaccurate, inconsistent, or misunderstood, our ability to manage the business and investor expectations may be adversely affected.
We intend to manage and, in some cases, may disclose operational metrics such as active agents by channel and workflow, consumption units (minutes, messages, completed actions), partner-attached revenue, and time-to-value, as well as internal concepts such as “Return on AI” or “ROAI,” which we define as the ratio of measurable outcomes to total cost of ownership. These metrics and concepts are based on internal data, models, methodologies, and assumptions that continue to evolve and that may differ from how other companies define or calculate similar measures.
We also present illustrative case studies, deployment timelines, and customer results—for example, comparisons between human-led and agent-led scheduling rates or indicative deployment times relative to “DIY” builds—which are based on limited early deployments, specific customers, and internal analysis of selected data sets. These examples may not be representative of our broader customer base or future performance, and actual results for other customers may differ materially.
Our internal systems for collecting, processing, and reporting these metrics may contain errors, and we may discover inaccuracies or make changes to our methodologies that result in adjustments to previously reported metrics. If our metrics, case studies, or internal concepts are perceived as inaccurate, inconsistent, misleading, or not comparable to those of other companies, or if we change how we calculate or present them, our reputation and credibility may be harmed, investors may have difficulty evaluating our business and prospects, and our stock price could be adversely affected. In addition, if we rely on these metrics to make budgeting, hiring, or other operational decisions and they are inaccurate, our business and results of operations could be negatively impacted.
If we lose Lyle Pratt, our founder and Chief Executive Officer, or other key members of our management team or are unable to attract and retain executives and employees we need to support our operations and growth, our business may be harmed.
Our success and future growth depend upon the continued services of our management team and other key employees throughout our organization. The loss of key personnel, including key members of our management team or members of our board of directors, as well as certain of our key marketing, sales, finance, support, product development, human resources, or technology personnel, could disrupt our operations and have a negative impact on our ability to grow our business. In particular, Lyle Pratt, our founder and Chief Executive Officer, is critical to our overall management, as well as the continued development of our platform, offerings, culture, and strategic direction. From time to time, there may be changes in our management team resulting from the hiring or departure of executives and key employees, which could disrupt our business. In addition, we may face challenges retaining senior management of companies we acquire, if any. Our senior management and key employees are employed on an at-will basis. We currently do not have “key person” insurance for any of our employees. Certain of our key employees have been with us for a long period of time and have fully vested stock options or other long-term equity incentives that may cease to be as attractive once we are a public company and such awards are publicly tradable. The loss of our founders, or one or more of our senior management, key members of senior management of acquired companies, if any, or other key employees could harm our business, and we may not be able to find adequate replacements. To retain our senior management and key employees, we may also decide to provide them with certain compensation types and structures that may be perceived negatively by certain stakeholders or advisory groups or result in stockholder complaints or disputes, which could negatively impact our reputation, stock price, and business. We cannot ensure that we will be able to retain the services of any members of our senior management or other key employees or that we would be able to timely replace members of our senior management or other key employees should any of them depart.
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In addition, to execute our business strategy, we must attract and retain highly qualified personnel. Competition for highly skilled personnel is intense and we may not be successful in hiring or retaining qualified personnel to fulfill our current or future needs. We compete with many other companies for software developers with high levels of experience in designing, developing, and managing cloud-based software, as well as for skilled legal and compliance and risk operations professionals. We may also face increased competition for personnel from other companies which adopt approaches to remote work that differ from ours. In addition, the current regulatory environment related to immigration is uncertain, including with respect to the availability of certain visas. Many of the companies with which we compete for experienced personnel have greater resources than we do and can frequently offer such personnel substantially greater compensation than we can offer.
In addition, job candidates and existing employees often consider the value of the equity awards they receive in connection with their employment. If the perceived value of our equity or equity awards declines, experiences significant volatility, or increases such that prospective employees believe there is limited upside to the value of our equity awards, it may adversely affect our ability to recruit and retain highly skilled employees. If we fail to attract new personnel or fail to retain and motivate our current personnel, our business and future growth prospects would be severely harmed. Inflationary pressures or stress over economic or geopolitical-related events such as those the global market is currently experiencing, may also result in employee attrition. Further, our competitors may be successful in recruiting and hiring members of our management team or other key employees, and it may be difficult for us to find suitable replacements on a timely basis, on competitive terms, or at all. If we fail to identify, attract, develop, and integrate new personnel, or fail to retain and motivate our current personnel, our growth prospects would be adversely affected, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.
We depend on a small number of rapidly evolving foundation model providers, whose technology, safety choices, and business terms we do not control.
Our AI agents rely on access to large language models and other AI components provided by a limited number of third-party vendors. These “foundation model” providers frequently change model architectures, safety policies, rate limits, pricing, and licensing terms, often with little notice. They may also prioritize specific industries, use cases, or direct customers, or decide to compete with us by offering their own agent platforms or vertically integrated solutions.
If a key model provider deprecates or significantly changes a model we depend on, imposes new usage restrictions (for example on agentic behavior or particular verticals), revises its safety or content policies in ways that reduce task completion rates, or materially increases prices, we may be forced to re-architect workflows, migrate usage to alternative models, pass on higher costs, or curtail certain use cases. Alternative models may not provide comparable quality or latency or may require substantial engineering work and customer re-validation. Concentration in the model and AI infrastructure market, as well as ongoing supply and power constraints for AI compute, may further limit our flexibility and increase our costs
Any disruptions, unfavorable changes, or competitive moves by these providers could impair our product performance, increase our costs, limit our roadmap, or reduce our differentiation, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our use of LLMs exposes us to emerging attack vectors such as prompt injection, model “jailbreaking,” and adversarial inputs that may circumvent existing security and compliance controls.
LLM-based systems are vulnerable to new classes of attacks that exploit the way models interpret natural language, including prompt injection and related techniques that induce a model or agent to ignore its system instructions, disclose sensitive information, or take unintended actions. These attacks can occur not only through user prompts but also via data retrieved from external tools, websites, or systems of record, including in multi-agent environments where one agent’s output becomes another’s input.
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Although we invest in guardrails, input and output filters, permissions, and monitoring, our defenses may not prevent all prompt-based or adversarial attacks, particularly as new techniques are discovered. A successful attack could cause an agent to exfiltrate data from connected systems, bypass consent or disclosure flows, override do-not-contact or quiet-hour policies, or make commitments that appear to be authorized by a customer. Even if our platform is not the target of an attack, we may be perceived as responsible if our customers or partners use our agents in environments that are vulnerable to prompt-based exploits. Any such incidents could result in data exposure, regulatory inquiries, contractual liability, remediation costs, and harm to our reputation.
Customers and partners may use our platform for fraudulent, deceptive, or otherwise harmful activities, which could expose us to liability and reputational damage.
Our AI agents can be used to place calls, send messages, and complete actions on behalf of our customers and partners. If a customer or partner uses our platform for purposes that are fraudulent, deceptive, harassing, or otherwise unlawful—such as scam outreach, abusive collections, misleading health-related communications, or impersonation of individuals or brands—we may be alleged to have facilitated or aided such conduct. Even though our contracts prohibit such uses and we provide controls intended to support responsible practices, we may not promptly detect misuse, may be unable to terminate offending accounts quickly, or may be perceived by regulators, carriers, or the public as responsible for the resulting harm. Any such misuse could result in carrier or platform blocks, regulatory investigations, civil or criminal liability, negative publicity, and loss of customer and partner trust, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We may be subject to export controls, economic sanctions, and national security–related restrictions that could limit our ability to provide or support our services in certain jurisdictions or for certain customers.
Because our platform uses encryption, AI technologies, and telecommunications infrastructure and may be accessed from multiple jurisdictions, we are or may become subject to U.S. and foreign export control and economic sanctions regimes. These regimes may restrict or prohibit the provision of certain technologies or services to particular countries, regions, entities, or individuals, including parties appearing on government restricted-party lists. Changes in export controls related to AI models, cloud computing, or telecommunications, or in sanctions targeting specific countries or sectors, could require us or our third-party providers to restrict access to our platform, reconfigure routing, or refuse or terminate business relationships. Our measures to comply with applicable export control and sanctions laws may be complex and costly, and any failure or alleged failure to comply could result in fines, penalties, reputational harm, and limitations on our ability to conduct business in certain markets.
Errors or disputes in our usage metering, billing, or revenue recognition could adversely affect our operating results and relationships with customers and partners.
Our revenue model depends heavily on accurate tracking of usage metrics such as minutes, messages, and completed actions across multiple channels, tenants, and partners, often in white-label or embedded configurations. If our metering systems contain defects, are misconfigured, or interact unexpectedly with partner systems, we may over-bill or under-bill customers, misallocate usage between tiers or SKUs, or recognize revenue in incorrect periods. Correcting such issues may require issuing credits, refunds, or concessions, or may result in disputes, delayed collections, or write-offs. Complex arrangements—such as outcome-based pricing, multi-party contracts, and bundled features—may also increase the risk of revenue recognition errors and related internal-control issues. Any material weaknesses, restatements, or customer disputes relating to billing or revenue recognition could damage our reputation, strain partner relationships, and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Government and private requests for access to data, including call recordings and transcripts, may be difficult to manage and could conflict with our contractual or legal obligations.
We host or process sensitive information, including call recordings, transcripts, and logs generated through our platform on behalf of customers and partners. We may receive subpoenas, discovery requests, law enforcement or national security demands, or other third-party requests seeking access to such data. Responding to these requests can be time-consuming and expensive, may require complex legal judgments, and may involve conflicting obligations under different jurisdictions’ laws, including privacy, data-protection, secrecy, or blocking statutes. If we disclose data in response to such requests, affected customers, partners, or individuals may assert that we have violated our contracts, privacy commitments, or applicable law. Conversely, if we resist or narrowly interpret requests, regulators or courts may disagree and impose penalties. Any missteps in handling such requests could result in legal liability, adverse publicity, and loss of customer trust.
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Restrictions on our ability to use customer data, interaction logs, and other information to improve our platform may limit our ability to innovate and compete.
We may use certain data and logs generated through customer deployments, subject to our agreements and applicable law, to improve routing, orchestration, evaluation, and other aspects of our AI Agent Operating System. Evolving privacy, data-protection, AI-governance, and intellectual-property frameworks, as well as changing customer and partner expectations, may restrict or preclude such uses. We do not train models on customer data and do not create de-identified or aggregated data from customer content for independent use. While these choices are responsive to customer expectations and vendor settings, they may constrain certain improvement pathways or limit model performance relative to competitors with broader data rights. For example, regulators or courts may impose limits on training or fine-tuning models with customer data, or customers may insist on contractual prohibitions against using their interaction logs for cross-tenant improvements. Third-party AI or infrastructure providers we rely on may similarly restrict how we can share or use data in connection with their services. These constraints could increase costs, slow our product roadmap, reduce the effectiveness of our agents, or put us at a competitive disadvantage compared to vendors with broader data rights.
Our insurance coverage may be insufficient to protect us against all of the risks we face, and insurance for certain AI-related exposures may become unavailable or prohibitively expensive.
We carry insurance policies covering certain risks, including cyber incidents and directors’ and officers’ liability, but our coverage may not address all of the types or extent of claims that could arise from our business. For example, novel AI-related risks—including regulatory changes, allegations relating to automated decision-making, bias or discrimination, misuse of agents, or large-scale communications incidents—may be excluded from existing policies, subject to low limits or high deductibles, or only available at significant cost. Insurers may also tighten underwriting standards or increase premiums following industry events or claims, particularly for technology and AI-focused companies. If we experience a claim or series of claims not fully covered by insurance, or if insurance becomes more expensive, unavailable, or subject to more limited coverage, we could incur significant uninsured losses, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Rising and volatile input costs relating to AI usage and development may materially increase our cost of revenue and operating expenses, adversely affect margins, and impair our growth strategy.
Our business depends on access to reliable and competitively priced infrastructure inputs, including electricity and other utilities for compute and data center operations, advanced semiconductors and related components, cloud and colocation services, network bandwidth, and licenses to foundation models and other proprietary software. Global demand for high-performance computing and AI infrastructure has intensified, while supply has been constrained by limited fabrication capacity, long lead times for advanced GPUs and networking equipment, and export controls and other geopolitical developments. As a result, vendors and utilities we rely on may substantially increase prices, impose surcharges or indexation to commodity or inflation benchmarks, reduce or eliminate promotional credits, or otherwise modify commercial terms. Cloud providers may raise rates for compute, storage, and data egress, alter discount structures tied to minimum commitments, or introduce unfavorable metering for inference or training workloads. Similarly, providers of foundation models and other AI software may increase licensing fees, change usage-based pricing, restrict or charge for fine-tuning or derivative use, or modify terms governing safety, attribution, audit, indemnity, and service levels in ways that require us to incur additional costs.
Sustained or sudden increases in any of these input costs, or unfavorable changes in commercial terms, could materially increase our cost of revenue and operating expenses, compress gross margins, and adversely affect our operating results and cash flows. They could also require additional capital expenditures, reduce the attractiveness of certain product offerings or customer segments, and constrain our ability to invest in research, development and growth initiatives. If we are unable to effectively manage or offset these costs through pricing, efficiency gains, capacity planning, or diversification of suppliers, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
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The proliferation of synthetic and human-like interactions, including synthetic voices, may create new disclosure, impersonation, and consumer-protection risks.
Our agents can participate in real-time voice and messaging interactions that may be perceived by end customers as human-initiated, especially as speech synthesis and conversational quality improve. Governments and regulators are increasingly focused on synthetic media, “deepfakes,” and AI-mediated interactions, including rules that require clear disclosure when users are interacting with an AI system or when synthetic audio or video is used. New or existing laws and carrier or platform policies could restrict the use of synthetic voices or require specific disclosures, logging, or consent flows, particularly in sensitive use cases such as collections, healthcare, or financial services.
We provide defaults to disclose AI involvement in inbound interactions and review outbound disclosure approaches before enabling those campaigns and allow customers to customize these disclosures. If the required disclosed are omitted, insufficient, or not applied to articular channels or jurisdictions, or if our agents, or agents operated by our customers and partners, are perceived as impersonating individuals, misrepresenting their nature as AI systems, or being used to create harmful synthetic content, we could face regulatory scrutiny, claims under consumer-protection or unfair-practices laws, and reputational damage. Implementing new disclosures or consent requirements may also increase friction in user flows, reduce conversion or completion rates, and require product changes that increase our costs or limit certain use cases.
Rapidly evolving legal standards around AI training data, model outputs, and synthetic media may increase our compliance burden and that of our suppliers, or limit our ability to use certain AI technologies.
Courts, regulators, and legislatures around the world are actively considering how copyright, data-protection, publicity, and related laws apply to AI training data, model outputs, and synthetic media. Recent policy discussions and proposals focus on whether and how copyrighted works may be used to train models, the ownership and protectability of AI-generated content, and the obligations of AI providers and deployers with respect to attribution, opt-outs, and licensing.
Although we generally rely on third-party model providers for training, adverse legal or regulatory developments could increase the costs or constraints those providers face—for example by requiring licenses for training data, imposing new transparency or recordkeeping rules, or restricting cross-border use of training sets—and they may pass those costs or restrictions through to us via higher prices, limited functionality, or more restrictive terms. We may also face obligations or liability relating to how our customers use or repurpose model outputs, particularly as more jurisdictions adopt AI-specific rules or expand existing privacy and consumer-protection regimes to cover AI.
If we, our suppliers, or our customers are found to have insufficient rights in training data or outputs, or to have violated emerging AI-related legal standards, we could face litigation, enforcement actions, contractual claims, and reputational harm, and may be required to change our products or cease using certain models or features.
The non-deterministic and evolving behavior of LLMs and AI agents makes it difficult to predict or certify outcomes, which may increase operational, legal, and reputational risk.
By design, many LLMs are non-deterministic: the same input can yield different outputs over time or across model versions. As we and our providers update models, prompts, and orchestration strategies, previously validated workflows may behave differently, including in ways that are harder to detect through traditional software QA methods. This challenge is magnified in multi-agent and tool-using scenarios, where agents combine model outputs with actions—such as updating records, rescheduling appointments, or initiating downstream workflows—in complex environments.
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These characteristics make it more difficult to provide firm assurances to customers, regulators, and other stakeholders about the exact behavior of an agent in all circumstances, to demonstrate consistent compliance with emerging AI-governance standards, or to prove that a particular response or action could not occur. If our agents, or the underlying models they use, behave unexpectedly, for example by making commitments on behalf of customers that they did not intend to authorize, escalating conversations unnecessarily, or producing inconsistent disclosures—our customers may experience operational disruption, regulatory scrutiny, or complaints from their own customers, and may hold us responsible. This could result in increased monitoring and evaluation costs, contractual disputes, reputational harm, and reduced adoption or usage of our platform.
We hold bitcoin as part of our treasury strategy, which is subject to increased volatility and substantial risks associated with cryptocurrency.
Although we believe cryptocurrency has the potential to serve as a hedge against inflation in the long term, the short-term price of cryptocurrency as an asset class declined in recent periods during which the inflation rate increased. Some investors and other market participants may disagree with our cryptocurrency acquisition strategy or actions we undertake to implement it. If cryptocurrency prices were to decrease or our cryptocurrency acquisition strategy otherwise proves unsuccessful, our financial condition, results of operations, and the market price of our Class A common stock would be materially adversely impacted. We hold bitcoin as part of our treasury strategy and account for bitcoin at fair value with changes recognized in other income (expense). As a result, our reported net loss may be significantly affected by changes in the market price of bitcoin, which is outside of our control and may introduce material volatility to our reported results.
Our bitcoin treasury strategy contains various risks, including those inherent to bitcoin and the broader digital asset ecosystem.
We have made investments in bitcoin as part of our bitcoin treasury strategy. In connection therewith, we maintain a bitcoin treasury reserve, which held 11.690 bitcoin with a fair value of $1,023,306 as of December 31, 2025 and based on observable market prices, representing approximately 16.6% of our total assets as of December 31, 2025. Our bitcoin treasury strategy contains various risks, which include, but are not limited to, the following:
| ● | Volatility. Bitcoin is a volatile digital asset that undergoes sharp fluctuations in trading price. The trading price of bitcoin has significantly declined in the past and such declines may occur again in the future. For example, a hypothetical 50% increase or decrease in bitcoin’s fair value would have impacted our net income for the year ended December 31, 2025 by approximately $511,653, reflecting the fair value accounting under ASU 2023-08. |
| ● | Bitcoin does not pay interest or dividends. Bitcoin does not pay interest, dividends or other returns and we can only generate cash from our bitcoin holdings if we sell our bitcoin or implement strategies to create income streams or otherwise generate cash by using our bitcoin holdings. Even if we pursue any such strategies, we may be unable to create income streams or otherwise generate cash from our bitcoin holdings, and any such strategies may subject us to additional risks. |
| ● | Our bitcoin holdings may significantly impact our financial results. Our bitcoin holdings have affected our financial results in the past and if we continue to increase our overall holdings of bitcoin in the future, bitcoin may have an even more pronounced impact on our financial results in the future. |
Risks Related to Technology, Security, and Privacy
A security breach or unauthorized access to our systems or those of our third-party service providers could result in the loss, compromise, or unauthorized disclosure of customer data, harm our reputation, and subject us to significant liability and regulatory scrutiny.
Our business involves the collection, processing, and storage of sensitive data, including customer business records, communications, and, in some cases, payment-related information. We rely on a combination of our own systems and those of third-party service providers, including cloud infrastructure, telecommunications partners, and integration vendors—to deliver our AI Agent Operating System and related services. The security of our platform and the protection of customer data are critical to our operations and reputation.
We maintain an incident response plan and conduct tabletop exercises, and we are not aware of a material data breach to date. Despite our efforts to implement robust security measures—including encryption, access controls, multi-factor authentication, network segmentation, vulnerability management, and regular penetration testing—our systems and those of our third-party service providers may be vulnerable to cyberattacks, unauthorized access, security breaches, employee or contractor error or malfeasance, phishing, malware, ransomware, or other malicious activity. Techniques used to obtain unauthorized access to, or sabotage systems are constantly evolving and may be difficult to detect or defend against, even with the most advanced security tools and practices.
If we or our third-party service providers experience a security breach or unauthorized access, customer data could be lost, compromised, or disclosed without authorization. Such an incident could result in significant harm to our customers, including business disruption, reputational damage, regulatory investigations, and potential legal claims. We could also face direct financial losses, increased costs to remediate and enhance security, loss of current and prospective customers, and damage to our brand and competitive position.
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In addition, we are subject to a variety of laws, regulations, and contractual obligations relating to privacy, data protection, and information security, including the SOC 2 Trust Services Criteria and other industry standards. A security incident could result in regulatory investigations, enforcement actions, fines, penalties, or other liabilities, as well as requirements to notify affected customers and individuals, which could further harm our reputation and business.
While we maintain security and privacy programs designed to protect customer data and comply with applicable requirements, we cannot guarantee that our security measures or those of our third-party service providers will prevent all security incidents. Any actual or perceived failure to prevent a security breach or unauthorized access to customer data could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
If we fail to obtain, maintain, or timely remediate issues identified in security and compliance audits or certifications, including SOC 2, our reputation could be harmed, and we could lose customers or be unable to win new business.
Many of our current and prospective customers, particularly larger enterprises, service providers, and customers operating in regulated industries, expect us to maintain robust security and compliance programs and to demonstrate those programs through independent audits and certifications, such as SOC 2 Type II reports. We maintain a SOC 2 Type II program supported by third-party audits and assessments. We highlight our SOC 2 posture and related controls in our marketing and customer materials, and we expect that customers will increasingly condition purchases, renewals, or expansions on our ability to provide satisfactory audit results and responses to security questionnaires.
Our security and compliance programs are complex and continue to evolve. As we grow, expand our product capabilities, and onboard new vendors, we may identify control deficiencies or gaps that require remediation or design changes. Independent auditors may identify findings in SOC 2 or other assessments that customers view as material, or may determine that certain controls were not operating effectively during the relevant period. We may be unable to remediate findings on a timely basis, may decide that the cost or operational impact of certain controls is too high, or may be unable to maintain particular certifications or attestations in the future. In addition, new or more stringent standards, or changes in how auditors interpret existing frameworks, may require significant additional investment.
Any actual or perceived failure to maintain adequate security and compliance controls, to obtain or renew certifications or favorable audit reports, or to satisfy customer expectations in due-diligence processes could delay or prevent sales, lead to contract terminations or reduced usage, harm our reputation and brand, affect our ability to serve regulated customers, and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We process personal data, including in some cases protected health information, and our failure or the failure of our customers, partners, or service providers to comply with privacy, data protection, and healthcare laws could result in significant liability and harm our business.
Our platform processes personal data on behalf of our customers and partners, including contact information, call recordings and transcripts, message content, account identifiers, usage data, and other business records. In some deployments, particularly in healthcare and related verticals, this data may include protected health information, or PHI, subject to the U.S. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, or HIPAA, and similar laws, and we may act as a “business associate” pursuant to business associate agreements, or BAAs, with covered entity customers. We may also process limited payments-related metadata and tokens in connection with integrations to customers’ chosen payment providers.
As a result, we are, and our customers and partners are, subject to numerous federal, state, and foreign laws, regulations, and standards relating to privacy, data protection, and information security, including, for example, HIPAA and its implementing regulations, the California Consumer Privacy Act and other U.S. state privacy laws, the EU and UK General Data Protection Regulation, or GDPR, and sector-specific rules. These laws are complex, rapidly evolving, and sometimes inconsistent across jurisdictions. Interpretation and enforcement are changing, and new requirements—such as restrictions on cross-border data transfers, limits on automated decision-making, or heightened consent and transparency obligations—may apply to us, our customers, or our partners.
Although we maintain a security and privacy program aligned to the SOC 2 Trust Services Criteria for Security, Availability, and Confidentiality and provide controls such as redaction, configurable retention, access controls, and audit logs, these measures may not be sufficient to prevent or detect all violations or satisfy all regulatory expectations. Our customers and partners control many aspects of how our platform is configured and used, and their misconfigurations or non-compliance could result in regulatory or contractual exposure for them and, in some cases, for us. Actual or alleged violations of privacy, data protection, or healthcare laws, or breaches of BAAs, could result in investigations, fines, penalties, litigation (including class actions), orders to change our practices, restrictions on our ability to process certain data or serve particular verticals, and reputational harm. Any of these outcomes could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We currently store customer data with an industry-leading cloud service provider in the United States. If we expand to additional jurisdictions, we may need to support data localization, in-country hosting, or local vendor arrangements, which could increase cost and complexity or delay launches.
Evolving privacy, AI governance, and communications regulations may require product changes, constrain capabilities, or increase costs.
Rules governing automated interactions, consent, transparency, recording, data handling, and cross-border transfers continue to evolve across jurisdictions. We design product primitives to help customers implement their policies, but changes in law or carrier requirements may necessitate feature modifications, restrict certain workflows, or slow launches pending partner configuration updates. Increased compliance burdens may require additional headcount, audits, or tooling investment, which could adversely affect margins and timelines.
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We rely on our own AI Agent Operating System and AI agents to operate important aspects of our business, which may increase our exposure to operational, compliance, and reputational risks.
We use our own platform and AI agents extensively to operate our business, including for inbound call and message handling, lead qualification and routing, appointment scheduling, follow-ups, internal QA and reporting workflows, and other operational tasks. For example, we use our proprietary AI agent to triage inbound inquiries across voice, text, email, and web chat, and we use our platform to automate portions of internal support and go-to-market operations.
While we believe this “AI-first” approach demonstrates the capabilities of our platform and allows us to operate as a lean organization, it also increases our dependence on the availability, performance, and security of our own systems. If our platform or internal agents experience defects, outages, misconfigurations, security incidents, or unexpected behavior, our ability to respond to customer inquiries, support partners, operate our sales and marketing processes, or meet our own compliance obligations could be impaired. Any such issues would not only disrupt our operations but could also undermine customer and partner confidence in our platform and claims about its reliability, guardrails, and return on investment. In addition, because we are an early adopter of our own technologies, weaknesses in our controls or workflows may not yet be fully understood or mitigated. Any of these factors could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We could suffer disruptions, outages, defects, and other performance and quality problems with our AI Agent Operating System or with the public cloud and internet infrastructure on which it relies.
Our business depends on our AI Agent Operating System to be available without disruption. We have experienced, and may in the future experience, disruptions, outages, defects, and other performance and quality problems with our AI Agent Operating System. We have also experienced, and may in the future experience, disruptions, outages, defects, and other performance and quality problems with the public cloud and internet infrastructure on which our AI Agent Operating System relies. These problems can be caused by a variety of factors, including introductions of new functionality, vulnerabilities and defects in proprietary and open-source software, human error or misconduct, capacity constraints, design limitations, as well as from internal and external security breaches, malware and viruses, ransomware, cyber events, denial or degradation of service attacks or other security-related incidents.
Further, if our contractual and other business relationships with our public cloud providers are terminated, suspended, or suffer a material change to which we are unable to adapt, such as the elimination of services or features on which we depend, we could be unable to provide our AI Agent Operating System and could experience significant delays and incur additional expense in transitioning customers to a different public cloud provider.
Any disruptions, outages, defects, and other security performance and quality problems with our AI Agent Operating System or with the public cloud and internet infrastructure on which it relies, or any material change in our contractual and other business relationships with our public cloud providers, could result in reduced use of our AI Agent Operating System, increased expenses, including significant, unplanned capital investments and/or service credit obligations, and harm to our brand and reputation, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We may fail to maintain and expand relationships with key vendor partners or to convert pilot deployments and embedded features into material recurring usage.
Partner success depends on rapid provisioning, native integration, usage pass-through, and white-label controls. Despite investments in enablement, partners may not drive attach or expansion at anticipated rates, may roll out features to limited customer segments, or may reprioritize roadmaps. Pilot deployments may not convert to durable usage due to end-customer preferences, performance perceptions, pricing sensitivities, or organizational changes. Failure to maintain and expand partner relationships could materially affect growth.
Customer concentration or reliance on a limited number of partners or large embedded launches could make our results more volatile.
As we scale, a small number of significant partners or large vendor launches could account for a meaningful share of usage in a period. Delays, contract changes, or underperformance in these deployments could create volatility in revenue, margins, and cash flows. We may also face heightened negotiation leverage from larger partners, resulting in pricing pressure or commercial terms that adversely affect gross margins.
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Our contracts may contain indemnity obligations and liability provisions that expose us to disputes and potential losses.
Customer and partner agreements may include indemnities for data protection, IP infringement, communications practices, and other obligations. Liability caps or exclusions may not be enforceable in all jurisdictions, and insurance coverage may be insufficient or unavailable on acceptable terms. Disputes could harm relationships, reduce demand, and impose costs.
Risks Related to Intellectual Property
We may be sued by third parties for alleged infringement of their proprietary rights, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
There has been considerable patent and other intellectual property development activity in the AI industry, which has resulted in litigation based on allegations of infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights. Our future success depends, in part, on not infringing the intellectual property rights of others. In the future, we may receive claims from third parties, including our competitors, alleging that our platform and underlying technology infringe or violate such third party’s intellectual property rights, and we may be found to be infringing upon such rights. We may be unaware of the intellectual property rights of others that may cover some or all of our technology. In addition, in operating our platform, we rely significantly on software provided by third parties, including without limitation, generative AI models and applications, and we may become subject to similar infringement claims related to such third party software. We may not have adequate indemnities from, or we may not be successful in enforcing our rights to indemnification by, such third party software providers.
Any such claims or litigation could cause us to incur significant expenses and, if successfully asserted against us, could require that we pay substantial damages or ongoing royalty payments, prevent us from offering some portion of our platform, or require that we comply with other unfavorable terms. We may also be obligated to indemnify our customers or business partners in connection with any such litigation and to obtain licenses or modify our platform, which could further exhaust our resources. Patent infringement, trademark infringement, trade secret misappropriation and other intellectual property claims and proceedings brought against us, whether successful or not, could harm our brand, business, results of operations and financial condition. Litigation is inherently uncertain, and any judgment or injunctive relief entered against us or any adverse settlement could negatively affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, litigation can involve significant management time and attention and be expensive, regardless of the outcome.
We could incur substantial costs in protecting or defending our intellectual property rights, and any failure to protect our intellectual property could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Our success depends in part on our ability to protect our brand and the proprietary methods and technologies underlying our platform. As of the date of this prospectus, we rely primarily on unregistered copyrights, trade secrets, proprietary know-how, and contractual protections, along with a single pending U.S. utility patent application relating to our voice-agent integration with PBX systems. We do not currently have any issued patents or registered trademarks, and there can be no assurance that our pending patent application will result in an issued patent or that any patents we may obtain in the future will provide meaningful competitive protection.
The particular forms of intellectual property protection that we seek, or our business decisions about when to file patent applications and trademark applications, may not be adequate to protect our business. We could be required to spend significant resources to monitor and protect our intellectual property rights. Litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights, determine the validity and scope of our proprietary rights or those of others, or defend against claims of infringement or invalidity. Such litigation could be costly, time-consuming and distracting to management, result in a diversion of significant resources, lead to the narrowing or invalidation of portions of our intellectual property and have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
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We also rely, in part, on confidentiality agreements with our business partners, employees, consultants, advisors, customers and others in our efforts to protect our proprietary technology, processes and methods. These agreements may not effectively prevent disclosure of our confidential information, and it may be possible for unauthorized parties to copy our software or other proprietary technology or information, or to develop similar software independently without our having an adequate remedy for unauthorized use or disclosure of our confidential information. In addition, others may independently discover our trade secrets and proprietary information, and in these cases, we would not be able to assert any trade secret rights against those parties. Costly and time-consuming litigation could be necessary to enforce and determine the scope of our proprietary rights, and the failure to obtain or maintain trade secret protection could adversely affect our competitive business position.
In addition, the laws of some countries do not protect intellectual property and other proprietary rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. To the extent we expand our international activities, our exposure to unauthorized copying, transfer and use of our proprietary technology or information may increase.
Our means of protecting our intellectual property and proprietary rights may not be adequate or our competitors could independently develop similar technology. If we fail to meaningfully protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.
Our use of open source software could negatively affect our ability to sell our products and subjects us to possible litigation.
Our software incorporates select open source software, and we expect to continue to incorporate open source software in our software in the future. Few of the licenses applicable to open source software have been interpreted by courts, and there is a risk that these licenses could be construed in a manner that could impose unanticipated conditions or restrictions on our ability to commercialize our platform and services. Moreover, although we have implemented policies designed to regulate the use and incorporation of open source software into our software, we cannot be certain that we have not incorporated open source software in our software in a manner that is inconsistent with such policies. There is a risk that our use of third-party open source software could impose certain requirements on our ability to commercialize our platform and services, including requirements that we offer our products that incorporate the open source software for no cost, that we make available source code for modifications or derivative works we create based upon, incorporating or using the open source software and that we license such modifications or derivative works under the terms of applicable open source licenses. If an author or other third party that distributes such open source software were to allege that we had not complied with the conditions of one or more of these licenses, we could be required to incur significant legal expenses defending against such allegations and could be subject to significant damages, enjoined from generating revenue from customers using products that contained the open source software and required to comply with onerous open source license conditions or restrictions. In any of these events, we and our customers could be required to seek licenses from third parties to continue offering our software and we could be required to make proprietary portions of our source code freely available or to re-engineer the implicated products or discontinue offering the implicated products to customers in the event re-engineering cannot be accomplished on a timely basis. In addition, the use of third-party open source software typically exposes us to greater risks than the use of third-party commercial software because open source licensors generally do not provide warranties or controls on the functionality or origin of the software. Use of open source software may also present additional security risks because the public availability of such software may make it easier for hackers and other third parties to determine how to compromise our platform. Any of the foregoing could harm our business and could help our competitors develop products and services that are similar to or better than ours. Any of the foregoing could require us to devote additional research and development resources to re-engineer our products, could result in customer dissatisfaction and may adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
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Risks Related to Legal and Regulatory Matters
We are subject to the U.S. Foreign Corruption Practices Act, or FCPA, and similar anti-corruption, anti-bribery, and similar laws, and non-compliance with such laws can subject us to criminal or civil liability and harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We are subject to the FCPA, U.S. domestic bribery laws, the UK Bribery Act, and other anti-corruption and similar laws in the countries in which we conduct activities. Anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws have been enforced aggressively in recent years and are interpreted broadly to generally prohibit companies, their employees, and their third-party business partners or intermediaries, representatives, and agents from authorizing, offering, or providing, directly or indirectly, improper payments or other benefits, directly or indirectly, to government officials or others in the private sector in order to influence official action, direct business to any person, gain any improper advantage, or obtain or retain business. As we increase our international sales and business, our risks under these laws may increase.
As we increase our international sales and business and sales to the public sector, we may engage with third-party business partners and intermediaries to market our products and services and to obtain necessary permits, licenses, and other regulatory approvals. In addition, we or our third-party business partners or intermediaries may have direct or indirect interactions with officials and employees of government agencies or state-owned or affiliated entities. We can be held liable for the corrupt or other illegal activities of our third-party business partners or intermediaries, our employees, representatives, contractors, and agents, even if we do not explicitly authorize such activities.
These laws also require that we keep accurate books and records and maintain internal controls and compliance procedures designed to prevent any such actions. While we have policies and procedures to address compliance with such laws, we cannot assure you that our third-party business partners or intermediaries, employees, representatives, contractors, and agents will not take actions in violation of our policies and applicable law, for which we may be ultimately held responsible.
Detecting, investigating, and resolving actual or alleged violations of anti-corruption laws can require a significant diversion of time, resources, and attention from senior management, as well as significant defense costs and other professional fees. In addition, noncompliance with anti-corruption, or anti-bribery could subject us to whistleblower complaints, investigations, sanctions, settlements, prosecution, enforcement actions, fines, damages, other civil or criminal penalties or injunctions against us, our officers, or our employees, disgorgement of profits, suspension or debarment from contracting with the U.S. government or other persons, reputational harm, adverse media coverage, and other collateral consequences. If any subpoenas or investigations are launched, or governmental or other sanctions are imposed, or if we do not prevail in any possible civil or criminal proceeding, our reputation, business, stock price, financial condition, prospects and results of operations could be harmed.
Risks Related to Tax Matters
Our ability to use our net operating loss carryforwards to offset future taxable income may be subject to certain limitations.
As of December 31, 2025, we had federal net operating loss, or NOL, carryforwards of approximately $6.4 million and state NOL carryforwards of $1.2 million. Approximately $0.2 million of our state NOL carryforwards expires in 2045 and approximately $1.0 million may be carried forward indefinitely. Since our company was incorporated in 2022, we do not have any NOLs generated in tax years beginning before January 1, 2018. Under current U.S. federal income tax law, NOLs generated in tax years beginning after December 31, 2017 may be carried forward indefinitely, but utilization of such post-2017 NOLs that are carried forward to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2020 is limited to a maximum of 80% of the taxable income for such year determined without regard to such carryforwards. Such limitation could harm our business, results of operations, financial condition or prospects.
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In addition, under Sections 382 and 383 of the Code, a corporation that undergoes an “ownership change,” generally defined as a greater-than-50-percentage-point change (by value) in its equity ownership by certain stockholders over a three-year period, is subject to limitations on its ability to utilize its pre-change NOLs and other tax attributes such as research tax credits to offset future taxable income or income tax. We may experience ownership changes as a result of this offering or future offerings or other changes in the ownership of our stock. Future changes in our stock ownership, many of which are outside of our control, could result in an ownership change under Sections 382 or 383 of the Code. Furthermore, our ability to utilize NOLs of companies that we may acquire in the future may be subject to limitations. For these reasons, we may not be able to utilize a significant portion of the NOLs, even if we were to achieve profitability. In addition, any future changes in tax laws could impact our ability to utilize NOLs in future years and may result in greater tax liabilities than we would otherwise incur and adversely affect our cash flows and financial position.
We could be subject to additional tax liabilities as a result of changes in tax laws.
We are subject to U.S. federal, state, and local income, sales, and other taxes in the United States. In the future, we may also be subject to foreign income, withholding, and value-added taxes, and other indirect taxes in foreign jurisdictions. In addition, our future income tax obligations could be adversely affected by changes in, or interpretations of, tax laws in the United States or in other jurisdictions in which we operate.
In addition, the tax regimes we are subject to or operate under are unsettled and may be subject to significant change, which may become increasingly challenging as we expand our operations globally. Changes in tax laws, issuance of new tax rulings, or changes in interpretations of existing laws could cause us to be subject to additional income-based and non-income-based taxes, including payroll, sales, use, value-added, digital, net worth, property, and goods and services taxes, which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. In particular, the U.S. government recently enacted legislation commonly referred to as the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”) which, along with other recent U.S. federal tax reform legislation, has resulted in significant changes to the taxation of business entities including, among other changes, the imposition of minimum taxes or surtaxes on certain types of income, changes to the taxation of income derived from international operations, changes in the deduction and amortization of research and development expenditures, and limitations on the deductibility of business interest. In particular, the OBBBA enacted Section 174A of the Code, permitting the deduction of certain U.S. research and development expenditures incurred in tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2025, but expenditures attributable to research and development conducted outside the U.S. continue to be required to be capitalized and amortized over a 15-year period. The issuance of additional regulatory or accounting guidance related to these and any future changes in tax law could significantly affect our tax obligations and effective tax rate in the period issued.
Due to anticipated expansion of our international business activities, any changes in the U.S. taxation and foreign taxation of our cross-border activities may increase our worldwide effective tax rate and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. The enactment of legislation implementing changes in the U.S. taxation of international business activities or the adoption of other tax reform policies globally could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.
Our operating results may be negatively affected if we are required to pay additional sales and use tax, value added tax, or other transaction taxes, and we could be subject to liability with respect to all or a portion of past or future sales.
The application of U.S. federal, state, local, and foreign tax laws to our business, or any potential changes in our business model, is unclear and continually evolving. New tax laws, statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances could be enacted at any time (possibly with retroactive effect) and could be applied solely or disproportionately to our business model or could otherwise negatively impact our results of operations and financial condition.
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We strive to follow all applicable sales, use, value added and other transaction tax laws and rules in the jurisdictions we operate in. In some jurisdictions in which we do business, we do not believe that we owe such taxes, and therefore we currently do not collect and remit such taxes in those jurisdictions or record contingent tax liabilities in respect of those jurisdictions. A successful assertion that we are required to pay additional taxes in connection with sales of our products and solutions, or the imposition of new laws or regulations or the interpretation of existing laws and regulations requiring the payment of additional taxes, would result in increased costs and administrative burdens for us. Any increased tax burden may decrease our ability or willingness to compete in relatively burdensome tax jurisdictions, result in substantial tax liabilities related to past or future sales, or otherwise seriously harm our business, results of operations, financial condition or prospects.
Changes in our effective tax rate or tax liability may adversely affect our results of operations.
Our effective tax rate could increase due to several factors, including:
| ● | changes in the relative amounts of income before taxes in the various U.S. and international jurisdictions in which we operate due to differing statutory tax rates in various jurisdictions; | |
| ● | changes in tax laws, tax treaties, and regulations or the interpretation of them; | |
| ● | changes in our international operations, corporate structure, business model, or intercompany arrangements; | |
| ● | changes to our assessment about our ability to realize our deferred tax assets that are based on estimates of our future results, the prudence and feasibility of possible tax-planning strategies, and the economic and political environments in which we do business; | |
| ● | the outcome of current and future tax audits, examinations, or administrative appeals; and | |
| ● | limitations or adverse findings regarding our ability to do business in some jurisdictions. |
Any of these developments could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.
Risks Related to Our Initial Public Offering and Ownership of Our Class A Common Stock
No public market for our Class A common stock currently exists, an active trading market for our Class A common stock may never develop or be sustained, and the initial public offering price may not be indicative of the market price of our Class A common stock following the offering.
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our Class A common stock. The initial public offering price will be determined through negotiations between us and the underwriters and may not bear any relationship to the market price at which our Class A common stock will trade after this offering. We cannot assure you that an active trading market will develop or, if it develops, be sustained. The absence or limited nature of a public market may impair your ability to sell your shares at the time you wish or at a price you consider reasonable and may also reduce the fair value of your shares. An inactive market could also impair our ability to raise capital by selling equity securities and to use our equity as acquisition currency. In addition, the breadth and depth of any market that may develop will depend in part on the number of shares available for trading (public float), which may be limited following the offering. If we fail to satisfy the continued listing standards of the applicable stock exchange at any time, our Class A common stock could be delisted, which would further reduce liquidity, impede our ability to raise capital, and could negatively affect the price of our Class A common stock. Moreover, market making activities may be limited or sporadic for newly public companies, which can increase bid-ask spreads and price volatility, and early trading may be influenced by short-term trading strategies rather than fundamental analysis.
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We will be a “controlled company” within the meaning of the NYSE American rules upon the initial public offering because our founders will beneficially own more than 50% of the voting power of our outstanding voting securities.
Upon completion of this offering, our founder and Chief Executive Officer, Lyle Pratt, together with co-founder and Chief Operating Officer, Brandon Robinson and co-founder and Chief Product Officer, Timothy Noah Hayes, will collectively beneficially own approximately 86.6% of the voting power of our outstanding voting securities, or approximately 86.0% of the voting power of our outstanding voting securities if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of our Class A common stock is exercised in full, and we will be a “controlled company” within the meaning of the listing rules of NYSE American. We may rely on certain exemptions from corporate governance rules, including an exemption from the rule that a majority of our board of directors must be independent directors. Although we currently do not intend to rely on the “controlled company” exemption under the listing rules, we could elect to rely on this exemption in the future. In the event that we elected to rely on the “controlled company” exemption, a majority of the members of our board of directors might not be independent directors, and our nominating and corporate governance and compensation committees might not consist entirely of independent directors. Our status as a controlled company could cause our shares of Class A common stock to be less attractive to certain investors or otherwise harm our trading price. As a result, you would not have the same protection afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to these corporate governance requirements. Additionally, investors may be prevented from effecting matters involving our Company, including:
| ● | the composition of our board of directors and, through it, any determination with respect to our business direction and policies, including the appointment and removal of officers; | |
| ● | any determination with respect to mergers or other business combinations; | |
| ● | our acquisition or disposition of assets; and | |
| ● | our corporate financing activities. |
Furthermore, this concentration of voting power could have the effect of delaying, deterring, or preventing a change of control or other business combination that might otherwise be beneficial to our stockholders. This significant concentration of share ownership may also adversely affect the trading price of our Class A common stock because investors may perceive disadvantages in owning stock in a Company that is controlled by a small number of stockholders. Although our Company does not intend to utilize the controlled company exemptions to the corporate governance listing standards, if we are eligible to utilize the controlled company exemptions in the future, we may choose to do so. In such instance we would be exempted from, among other things, the requirements to have a board with a majority of independent members and the requirement that we have a nominating and governance committee and compensation committee that are composed entirely of independent directors and have written charters addressing the respective committee’s purpose and responsibilities.
Our directors, officers and principal stockholders have significant voting power and may take actions that may not be in the best interests of our other stockholders.
After this offering, our officers, directors and principal stockholders each holding more than 5% of our Class A common stock, collectively, will control approximately 92.8% of our voting securities, or approximately 92.1% of our voting securities if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of our Class A common stock is exercised in full. In addition, upon the closing of this offering, our officers, directors and principal stockholders will collectively hold options and warrants to purchase a total of 572,126 shares of our Class A common stock. As a result, these stockholders, if they act together, will be able to control the management and affairs of our Company and most matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control and might adversely affect the market price of our Class A common stock. This concentration of ownership may not be in the best interests of our other stockholders.
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The market price of our Class A common stock may be volatile and may decline regardless of our operating performance, which could result in the loss of all or part of your investment.
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for shares of our Class A common stock. The initial public offering price of our Class A common stock will be determined through negotiation between us and the underwriters. This price does not necessarily reflect the price at which investors in the market will be willing to buy and sell shares of our Class A common stock following this offering. In addition, the trading price of our Class A common stock following this offering is likely to be volatile and could be subject to fluctuations in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our control. These fluctuations could cause you to lose all or part of your investment in our Class A common stock since you might be unable to sell your shares at or above the price you paid in this offering. Factors that could cause fluctuations in the trading price of our Class A common stock include the following:
| ● | price and volume fluctuations in the overall stock market from time to time; | |
| ● | volatility in the trading prices and trading volumes of technology stocks; | |
| ● | volatility in the trading volumes of our Class A common stock; | |
| ● | changes in operating performance and stock market valuations of other technology companies generally, or those in our industry in particular; | |
| ● | sales of shares of our Class A common stock by us or our stockholders; | |
| ● | failure of securities analysts to maintain coverage of us, changes in financial estimates by securities analysts who follow our company, or our failure to meet these estimates or the expectations of investors; | |
| ● | the financial projections we may provide to the public, any changes in those projections or our failure to meet those projections; | |
| ● | announcements by us or our competitors of new products or services; | |
| ● | the public’s reaction to our press releases, other public announcements and filings with the SEC; | |
| ● | rumors and market speculation involving us or other companies in our industry; | |
| ● | actual or anticipated changes in our results of operations or fluctuations in our results of operations; | |
| ● | actual or anticipated developments in our business, our competitors’ businesses or the competitive landscape generally; | |
| ● | litigation involving us, our industry or both; | |
| ● | regulatory actions or developments affecting our operations, those of our competitors or our industry more broadly; | |
| ● | developments or disputes concerning our intellectual property or other proprietary rights; | |
| ● | announced or completed acquisitions of businesses, products, services or technologies by us or our competitors; | |
| ● | new laws or regulations or new interpretations of existing laws or regulations applicable to our business; | |
| ● | changes in accounting standards, policies, guidelines, interpretations or principles; | |
| ● | any significant change in our management; and | |
| ● | general economic conditions and slow or negative growth of our markets. |
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In recent years, the stock markets generally have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of the listed companies. Broad market and industry factors may significantly affect the market price of our Class A common stock, regardless of our actual operating performance. These fluctuations may be even more pronounced in the trading market for our Class A common stock shortly following this offering. If the market price of shares of our Class A common stock after this offering does not ever exceed the initial public offering price, you may not realize any return on your investment in us and may lose some or all of your investment.
In addition, in the past, the market for technology and AI-related companies has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations and class action litigation has often been instituted against companies whose securities have experienced periods of volatility in market price. Securities litigation brought against us following volatility in our stock price, regardless of the merit or ultimate results of such litigation, could result in substantial costs, which would hurt our financial condition and operating results and divert management’s attention and resources from our business.
Future sales of substantial amounts of our Class A common stock in the public markets, or the perception that they might occur, could cause the market price of our Class A common stock to decline.
Sales of a substantial number of shares of our Class A common stock into the public market, particularly sales by our directors, executive officers, and principal stockholders, or the perception that these sales might occur, could cause the market price of our Class A common stock to decline. Based on the number of shares of our Class A common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2026, as adjusted based on the assumptions described in the section titled “The Offering,” we expect to have 8,927,364 shares (if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full) of our Class A common stock outstanding after this offering.
All of the shares of Class A common stock sold in this offering will be freely tradable without restrictions or further registration under the Securities Act, except for any shares held by our affiliates as defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act (including any shares that may be purchased by any of our affiliates in this offering). The remaining shares of our Class A common stock are subject to the lock-up agreement or market stand-off agreements described below.
We, all of our directors and executive officers, and the other holders of substantially all of our common stock outstanding and securities exercisable for or convertible into our common stock, have entered into or will enter into agreements with the underwriters, under which we and such holders have agreed, or will agree, not to (i) offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, lend or otherwise transfer or dispose of any shares of our common stock or any options or warrants to purchase any shares of our common stock, or any securities convertible into, exchangeable for or that represent the right to receive shares of our common stock, which we collectively refer to as the Lock-Up Securities, (ii) engage in any hedging transactions or similar arrangement with respect to the Lock-Up Securities, (iii) make any demand for or exercise any right with respect to the registration of the Lock-Up Securities, or (iv) otherwise publicly announce any intention to engage in or cause any action, activity, transaction or arrangement described in clauses (i), (ii) or (iii), during the period ending on the date that is six (6) months after the date of this prospectus, or the Lock-Up Period, subject to certain customary exceptions and certain provisions that provide for the release of certain shares of our common stock. In addition, Benchmark Company LLC (“Benchmark”), may, in its sole discretion, release all or some portion of the Lock-Up Securities prior to the expiration of the Lock-Up Period. Upon expiration or earlier release of the Lock-Up Period, a substantial number of our shares may become available for sale. See the sections titled “Shares Eligible for Future Sale” and “Underwriting” for more information. When the Lock-Up Period expires, we and our security holders subject to a lock-up agreement will be able to sell our shares in the public market. See the sections titled “Shares Eligible for Future Sale” and “Underwriting” for more information. Sales of a substantial number of such shares upon expiration of the lock-up agreements, or the perception that such sales may occur, or early release of these agreements, could cause our market price to fall or make it more difficult for you to sell your Class A common stock at a time and price that you deem appropriate.
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In addition, as of March 31, 2026, we had options outstanding that, if fully exercised, would result in the issuance of 711,751 shares of Class A common stock, and warrants outstanding that, if exercised, would result in the issuance of 893,401 shares of Class A common stock. As of April 2, 2026, we have not granted any options to purchase shares of Class A common stock subsequent to March 31, 2026. All of the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options, and the shares reserved for future issuance under our equity incentive plans, will be registered for public resale under the Securities Act. Accordingly, these shares will be able to be freely sold in the public market upon issuance subject to existing lock-up agreements and applicable vesting requirements.
We also intend to file one or more registration statements on Form S-8 to register shares subject to outstanding equity awards and shares reserved for future issuance under our equity plans, which, upon issuance, may be freely sold in the public market (subject to applicable vesting schedules, Rule 144 and lock-up restrictions).
Following this offering, the holders of 2,182,345 shares of our capital stock have rights, subject to some conditions, to require us to file registration statements for the public resale of such capital stock or to include such shares in registration statements that we may file for us or other stockholders.
We may also issue our shares of Class A common stock or securities exercisable for or convertible into shares of our Class A common stock from time to time in connection with a financing, acquisition, investments, or otherwise. If we are unable to effectively manage the risks relating to the price of our Class A common stock, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects could be adversely affected.
Any of these events could increase the supply of our Class A common stock in the market and may depress the trading price. The limited public float immediately following the offering could further amplify price movements when large blocks are sold.
We are an “emerging growth company” and a “smaller reporting company” and the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies and smaller reporting companies may make our Class A common stock less attractive to investors.
We are an “emerging growth company” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act. For as long as we continue to be an emerging growth company, we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including (i) not being required to comply with the independent auditor attestation requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, (ii) reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in this prospectus and our periodic reports and proxy statements and the required number of years of audited financial statements, and (iii) exemptions from the requirements of holding non-binding advisory stockholder votes on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not approved previously. In addition, as an emerging growth company, we are only required to provide two years of audited financial statements in this prospectus.
We could be an emerging growth company for up to five fiscal years following the completion of this offering. However, certain circumstances could cause us to lose that status earlier, including the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer,” under applicable SEC rules, if we have total annual gross revenue of $1.235 billion or more, or if we issue more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during any three-year period before that time.
Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can also delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We have elected to take advantage of the benefits of this extended transition period. Accordingly, our financial statements may therefore not be comparable to those of companies that comply with such new or revised accounting standards.
Additionally, we are a “smaller reporting company” as defined in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K. Smaller reporting companies may take advantage of certain reduced disclosure obligations, including, among other things, providing only two years of audited financial statements. We will remain a smaller reporting company, even if we are no longer an emerging growth company, until the last day of the fiscal year in which (1) the market value of our common equity securities held by non-affiliates equals or exceeds $250 million as of the prior June 30, and (2) our annual revenues equaled or exceeded $100 million during such completed fiscal year or the market value of our common equity securities held by non-affiliates equals or exceeds $700 million as of the prior June 30. To the extent we take advantage of such reduced disclosure obligations, it may also make comparison of our financial statements with other public companies difficult or impossible.
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Investors may find our Class A common stock less attractive because we may rely on certain of these exemptions. If some investors find our Class A common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our Class A common stock and our price may be more volatile and may decline.
We will incur significant increased costs and demands on management resources as a result of operating as a public company.
As a public company, we will incur significant legal, accounting, compliance, investor relations, and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company and these expenses will increase even more after we are no longer an “emerging growth company.” Our management and other personnel will need to devote a substantial amount of time and incur significant expense in connection with legal, compliance, and investor relations initiatives. For example, in anticipation of becoming a public company, we will need to adopt additional internal controls and disclosure controls and procedures, retain a transfer agent, and adopt insider trading policies and procedures. As a public company, we will bear all of the internal and external costs of preparing and distributing periodic public reports in compliance with our obligations under the securities laws.
In addition, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and the related rules and regulations implemented by the SEC have increased legal and financial compliance costs and will make some compliance activities more time-consuming. We intend to invest resources to comply with evolving laws, regulations, and standards, and this investment will result in increased general and administrative expenses and may divert management’s time and attention from our other business activities. If our efforts to comply with new laws, regulations, and standards differ from the activities intended by regulatory or governing bodies due to ambiguities related to practice, regulatory authorities may initiate legal proceedings against us, and our business may be harmed. In connection with this offering, we intend to increase our directors’ and officers’ insurance coverage, which will increase our insurance cost. In the future, it may be more expensive or more difficult for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain coverage. These factors would also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of our board of directors, particularly to serve on our audit committee and compensation committee, and qualified executive officers. If we are unable to effectively manage these increased costs and demands upon management resources, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects could be adversely affected.
Our management team has limited experience managing a public company.
Our management team has limited experience managing a publicly traded company, interacting with public company investors and securities analysts, and complying with the increasingly complex laws pertaining to public companies. These new obligations and constituents require significant attention from our management team and could divert their attention away from the day-to-day management of our business, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.
If we fail to maintain an effective system of disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting, our ability to produce timely and accurate financial statements or comply with applicable laws and regulations could be impaired.
As a public company, we will be subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, the listing requirements of NYSE American, and other applicable securities rules and regulations. We expect that compliance with these rules and regulations will increase our legal and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming, or costly, and increase demand on our systems and resources, particularly after we are no longer an emerging growth company.
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The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. We are continuing to develop and refine our disclosure controls, internal control over financial reporting and other procedures that are designed to ensure information required to be disclosed by us in our financial statements and in the reports that we will file with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and information required to be disclosed in reports under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our principal executive and financial officers. In order to maintain and improve the effectiveness of our internal controls and procedures, we have expended, and anticipate that we will continue to expend, significant resources, including accounting-related costs and significant management oversight.
Our current controls and any new controls we develop may become inadequate because of changes in conditions in our business. Further, weaknesses in our internal controls may be discovered in the future. Any failure to develop or maintain effective controls, or any difficulties encountered in their implementation or improvement, could harm our results of operations, may result in a restatement of our financial statements for prior periods, cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations, and could adversely affect the results of periodic management evaluations and annual independent registered public accounting firm attestation reports regarding the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting that we are required to include in the periodic reports we will file with the SEC. However, while we remain an “emerging growth company,” we will not be required to include an attestation report on internal control over financial reporting issued by our independent registered public accounting firm. Ineffective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial and other information, which would likely have a negative effect on the market price of our Class A common stock. We are not currently required to comply with the SEC rules that implement Sections 302 and 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and we are therefore not required to make a formal assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting for that purpose.
Our independent registered public accounting firm is not required to formally attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting until after we are no longer an “emerging growth company” as defined in the JOBS Act. At such time, our independent registered public accounting firm may issue a report that is adverse in the event it is not satisfied with the level at which our internal control over financial reporting is documented, designed, or operating. Any failure to maintain effective disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting could cause a decline in the price of our Class A common stock and could negatively impact our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.
Upon becoming a public company, and particularly after we are no longer an “emerging growth company,” significant resources and management oversight will be required. As a result, management’s attention may be diverted from other business concerns, which could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
If you purchase shares of our Class A common stock in this offering, you will incur immediate and substantial dilution, and additional issuances of equity securities may further dilute you.
The initial public offering price of our Class A common stock will be substantially higher than our pro forma net tangible book value per share immediately after the offering. As a result, investors purchasing shares in this offering will incur immediate and substantial dilution relative to the net tangible book value of their shares. In addition, you may experience further dilution if we issue additional equity securities in the future, including in connection with our equity incentive plans, acquisitions, strategic transactions, or capital-raising activities. The exercise of outstanding stock options, settlement of restricted stock units, vesting of stock appreciation rights, exercise of warrants, conversion of preferred or other equity-linked securities, or future grants under our equity plans will also dilute your ownership. Further, any equity financing undertaken during adverse market conditions may be at prices below the then-current market price, compounding dilution.
We will have broad discretion over the use of the net proceeds from this offering and may not use them effectively.
Our management will have broad discretion in the allocation of the net proceeds from this offering, and investors will not have the opportunity, as part of their investment decision, to assess whether the proceeds are being used appropriately. The proceeds could be used for working capital or other general corporate purposes, and their ultimate use may differ from our current intentions. We may also use a portion of the proceeds for potential acquisitions or strategic investments, for which we may have no current agreements or commitments. Pending use, we may invest the proceeds in short-term, investment-grade, interest-bearing instruments that may not yield favorable returns. If we do not use the net proceeds effectively, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects could be harmed, and the market price of our Class A common stock could decline.
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We could be subject to securities class action litigation.
In the past, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against companies following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities. This type of litigation, if instituted, could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects. Additionally, the dramatic increase in the cost of directors’ and officers’ liability insurance may cause us to opt for lower overall policy limits or to forgo insurance that we may otherwise rely on to cover significant defense costs, settlements, and damages awarded to plaintiffs.
If securities, financial or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, or if they publish inaccurate or unfavorable research regarding our Class A common stock, our stock price and trading volume could decline.
The trading market for our Class A common stock will depend in part on research and reports published by securities or industry analysts. If few analysts cover us, if analysts issue unfavorable commentary or downgrade our stock, or if we fail to meet guidance or analyst expectations (including usage or outcome metrics important to our model), our stock price and trading volume could decline. In addition, as a newly public company, analysts may have limited historical information on which to base estimates, which can increase the likelihood of forecast errors and negative reactions to quarterly results. If one or more analysts cease coverage of us or fail to publish reports on us regularly, our visibility in the financial markets could be reduced, which may adversely affect our stock price and trading volume.
We do not currently intend to pay dividends for the foreseeable future and consequently investors must rely on appreciation of our Class A common stock for any return on their investment, which may never occur.
We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our Class A common stock and do not anticipate paying dividends for the foreseeable future. We intend to retain any future earnings to fund operations and growth. Any future determination to pay dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, contractual restrictions (including any debt arrangements), and other factors. As a result, the success of an investment in our Class A common stock will depend on future appreciation of its market price, which may not occur.
Our charter documents and Delaware law could delay or prevent a change in control that stockholders may consider favorable and may limit your ability to influence corporate matters.
Certain provisions of our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws that will become effective upon completion of this offering, as well as applicable provisions of Delaware law, may have the effect of delaying or preventing a merger, acquisition, or other change of control of the company that the stockholders may consider favorable. In addition, because our board of directors is responsible for appointing the members of our management team, these provisions may frustrate or prevent any attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management by making it more difficult for stockholders to replace members of our board of directors. Among other things, our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws include provisions that:
| ● | provide that our board of directors is classified into three classes of directors with staggered three-year terms; | |
| ● | permit our board of directors to establish the number of directors and fill any vacancies and newly created directorships; |
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| ● | require super-majority voting by our stockholders to amend some provisions in our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws; | |
| ● | authorize the issuance of “blank check” preferred stock that our board of directors could use to implement a stockholder rights plan; | |
| ● | only a majority of our board of directors or the chairman of the board of directors will be authorized to call a special meeting of stockholders; | |
| ● | eliminate the ability of our stockholders to call special meetings of stockholders; | |
| ● | do not provide for cumulative voting; | |
| ● | directors may only be removed “for cause” and only with the approval of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of our then-outstanding capital stock; | |
| ● | following the Final Conversion Date (as defined in our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation), prohibit stockholder action by written consent, which will require all stockholder actions to be taken at a meeting of our stockholders; | |
| ● | our board of directors is expressly authorized to make, alter, or repeal our bylaws; and | |
| ● | establish advance-notice requirements for nominations for election to our board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted upon by stockholders at annual stockholder meetings. |
Our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation will contain exclusive forum provisions that could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or employees.
Our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that, unless we consent in writing to an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if it lacks subject matter jurisdiction, the federal district court for the District of Delaware) will be the exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings, including (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (ii) any action asserting a breach of fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers, or employees to us or our stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising under the Delaware General Corporation Law, or our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation or amended and restated bylaws, or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine.
Moreover, Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for federal and state courts over all claims brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. Our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that the federal district courts of the United States will, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act, or the Federal Forum Provision. Our decision to adopt the Federal Forum Provision followed a decision by the Supreme Court of the State of Delaware holding that such provisions are facially valid under Delaware law. While there can be no assurance that federal or state courts will follow the holding of the Supreme Court of the State of Delaware or determine that the Federal Forum Provision should be enforced in a particular case, application of the Federal Forum Provision means that suits brought by our stockholders to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act must be brought in federal court and cannot be brought in state court.
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Section 27 of the Exchange Act creates exclusive federal jurisdiction over all claims brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. In addition, the Federal Forum Provision applies to suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act. Accordingly, actions by our stockholders to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder must be brought in federal court.
Our stockholders will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with the federal securities laws and the regulations promulgated thereunder.
Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring or holding any interest in any of our securities shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to our exclusive forum provisions, including the Federal Forum Provision. These provisions may limit a stockholders’ ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum of their choosing for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or employees, which may discourage lawsuits against us and our directors, officers, and employees. Alternatively, if a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation or amended and restated bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations. These provisions do not apply to claims under the Exchange Act, for which exclusive federal jurisdiction applies by statute.
We may need additional capital in the future, and any such financing may result in dilution to stockholders or impose operational or financial restrictions on us.
We may require additional capital to fund operations, invest in platform development and integrations, pursue strategic opportunities, or respond to competitive pressures. If we raise funds through equity or equity-linked securities, our existing stockholders could suffer dilution, and any such securities may have rights superior to those of our Class A common stock. If we raise funds through debt financing, we may be subject to covenants or other restrictions that limit our operating flexibility. There can be no assurance that additional financing will be available on acceptable terms or at all, and if we cannot raise needed capital, we may need to reduce our operations, scale back growth initiatives, or delay strategic programs. Volatile market conditions could further limit access to capital or increase its cost.
We have identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, and we may not be able to successfully implement remedial measures.
We have identified control deficiencies in our financial reporting process that constitute a material weakness for the year ended December 31, 2025, related to not maintaining effective controls over the preparation and review of our financial statements, including controls over journal entries and account reconciliations. As a result, material audit adjustments, including those related to capitalized software costs, prepaid expenses, accrued liabilities, and stock-based compensation, were required to correct errors in our financial statements.
We intend to initiate certain measures to remediate this material weakness, and plan to implement additional appropriate measures in the future, if necessary. For example, we intend to implement a remediation plan that will include new controls and processes, hire additional accounting and finance personnel with appropriate level of expertise, and improve oversight over and review of significant and complex transactions. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to fully remediate our existing material weakness or that our remedial actions will prevent this weakness from re-occurring in the future.
Further, there can be no assurance that we will not suffer from other material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in the future. If we fail to remediate these material weaknesses or fail to otherwise maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting in the future, such failure could result in a material misstatement of our annual or quarterly financial statements that would not be prevented or detected on a timely basis and which could cause investors and other users to lose confidence in our financial statements, limit our ability to raise capital and have a negative effect on the trading price of our Class A common stock. Additionally, failure to remediate the material weaknesses or otherwise maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting may also negatively impact our operating results and financial condition, impair our ability to timely file our periodic and other reports with the SEC, subject us to additional litigation and regulatory actions and cause us to incur substantial additional costs in future periods relating to the implementation of remedial measures.
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General Risk Factors
Estimates and projections of our market opportunity and growth may not be accurate, and, even if the market grows as expected, our business may not grow at similar rates.
Our estimates of the market opportunity for Business AI Agents and forecasts of market growth are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on various assumptions and third-party data that may not prove accurate. In the section titled “Our Business” of this prospectus, we describe internal modeling that uses a top-down approach anchored to third-party estimates of outsourced call and contact center outsourcing spend (as a proxy for customer service and contact center operations) and applies assumed growth rates and an AI penetration layer.
Our analysis is inherently uncertain and actual market outcomes could differ materially from our assumptions for numerous reasons, including slower-than-expected adoption of generative AI and AI agents in customer operations; slower conversion of pilots or experimentation into production workloads; changes in technology, regulation, or customer preferences; increased competition and pricing pressure; higher-than-expected implementation, integration, safety, or compliance costs; or macroeconomic conditions that reduce overall IT and AI budgets. In addition, adjacent markets we reference—such as broader BPO spend, customer experience operations budgets, and other labor- or services-based customer support spend pools—may prove to be less relevant to AI agent workloads, or may shift more slowly to AI-driven architectures, than we currently assume.
Even if the markets in which we compete grow as we expect, there can be no assurance that our business will grow at similar rates or that we will capture a meaningful share of that growth. Our ability to realize the potential of any market opportunity depends on many factors, including our success in executing our channel-led strategy; differentiating our platform; competing effectively; scaling our operations; and maintaining partner and customer satisfaction. If our market estimates or growth projections prove inaccurate, or if our business fails to grow in line with the market, the trading price of our Class A common stock could be adversely affected.
Our enablement of payment-related workflows exposes us to risks related to fraud, chargebacks, and compliance with payment network rules and financial regulations.
Our platform supports workflows in which AI agents facilitate or initiate payments or other financial transactions through integrations with third-party payment processors and billing platforms chosen by our customers. Although we generally do not act as a payment processor or hold full payment card data, we may be associated with transactions that later result in fraud, chargebacks, disputes, or alleged violations of card-network rules or financial regulations. Customers, consumers, payment processors, or card networks may assert that our platform contributed to unauthorized or non-compliant transactions (for example, due to disclosure practices, script content, or mis-handled consent), and may seek indemnification, refunds, or other remedies. In addition, processors may modify their rules or requirements in ways that require platform changes or limit certain workflows. Any of these events could increase our costs, result in losses or penalties, reduce adoption of payment-related use cases, or harm our reputation.
Our use of contractors, consultants, and a distributed workforce may expose us to misclassification, co-employment, and payroll-related risks.
To support rapid development and partner-led deployments, we may engage independent contractors, consultants, agencies, and other third parties, including in foreign jurisdictions. If a government agency, court, or other authority were to determine that these workers should be classified as our employees, we could be liable for additional wage-and-hour obligations, employee benefits, tax withholdings, social contributions, and penalties, as well as potential joint-employer liability for their acts or omissions. Misclassification risks may be heightened by evolving laws, remote-work arrangements, and differences in labor regimes across jurisdictions. Any such findings, or changes to relevant laws, could increase our costs, require us to change our operating model, and adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Catastrophic events and other disruptions could harm our business and the price of our Class A common stock.
Natural disasters, power outages, telecommunications failures, cyberattacks, pandemics, acts of terrorism or war, and other catastrophic events could disrupt our operations, our cloud infrastructure, our partners’ systems, or our telecommunications suppliers and carriers. Even with disaster recovery and business continuity arrangements, our services could be interrupted or performance degraded, which could harm our reputation, financial condition, and results of operations and adversely affect the trading price of our Class A common stock. Supply chain disruptions, carrier policy changes, data center incidents, or failures in third-party services we rely on could exacerbate impacts. Insurance coverage may be unavailable or insufficient to cover all losses, and recovery efforts could divert management attention from operations.
Any future litigation against us could be costly and time-consuming to defend.
We may become subject to legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business, such as claims brought by our customers in connection with commercial or intellectual property disputes or employment claims made by our current or former employees. Litigation might result in substantial costs and may divert management’s attention and resources, which might seriously harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Insurance might not cover such claims, might not provide sufficient payments to cover all the costs to resolve one or more such claims, and might not continue to be available on terms acceptable to us (including premium increases or the imposition of large deductible or co-insurance requirements). A claim brought against us that is uninsured or underinsured could result in unanticipated costs, potentially harming our business, financial position, and results of operations. In addition, we cannot be sure that our existing insurance coverage will continue to be available on acceptable terms or that our insurers will not deny coverage as to any future claim.
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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus contains forward-looking statements. All statements other than statements of historical or current facts contained in this prospectus may be forward-looking statements. Statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, business strategy and plans and objectives of management for future operations, including, among others, statements regarding the offering, liquidity, growth and profitability strategies and factors and trends affecting our business are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements can be identified in some cases by the use of words such as “believe,” “can,” “could,” “potential,” “plan,” “predict,” “goals,” “seek,” “should,” “may,” “may have,” “would,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “expect,” the negative of these words, other similar expressions or by discussions of strategy, plans or intentions. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements concerning the following:
| ● | our future financial performance, including our expectations regarding our revenue, cost of revenue, gross profit or gross margin, cash flow, operating expenses, including changes in operating expenses, and our ability to achieve and maintain future profitability; | |
| ● | our business plan and our ability to effectively manage our growth, including any international expansion; | |
| ● | our estimated addressable total market opportunity; | |
| ● | anticipated trends, growth rates, and challenges in our business and in the markets in which we operate; | |
| ● | our expectations regarding overall demand for our products and solutions; | |
| ● | our expectations regarding customers’ IT spending budgets; | |
| ● | market acceptance of our products and solutions and our ability to increase adoption of our products and solutions; | |
| ● | beliefs and objectives for future operations; | |
| ● | our ability to attract new customers and retain and grow sales within our existing customers; | |
| ● | our ability to drive adoption and expansion of any additional product and solution offerings; | |
| ● | our ability to continue developing, improving and implementing AI into our platform and offerings, including AI features and functionalities; | |
| ● | our ability to timely and effectively scale, enhance and adapt our platform; | |
| ● | our ability to develop and introduce new offerings and products and bring them to market in a timely manner; | |
| ● | the costs and success of our sales and marketing efforts, and our ability to promote our brand; | |
| ● | our ability to obtain additional capital, as necessary, including equity or debt financing, on terms that are acceptable to us, if at all; | |
| ● | our ability to operate and expand internationally; | |
| ● | our expectations concerning relationships with third parties, including our expectations concerning relationships with suppliers, vendors and payment partners; | |
| ● | future acquisitions or investments in complementary companies, products, services, or technologies and our ability to successfully integrate them into our business and operations; |
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| ● | our ability to maintain, protect, and enhance our intellectual property; | |
| ● | the effects of increased competition in our markets and our ability to compete effectively; | |
| ● | our ability to stay in compliance with laws and regulations that currently apply or may become applicable to our business both in the United States and internationally; | |
| ● | changes in applicable laws or regulations and extensive and evolving government regulations that impact our operations and business; | |
| ● | our reliance on key personnel and our ability to identify, recruit and retain skilled personnel; | |
| ● | economic and industry trends, projected growth or trend analysis, including as it relates to AI; | |
| ● | general macroeconomic conditions in the United States and globally, including the effects of tariffs, immigration policy, inflation, rising or volatile interest rates, foreign currency fluctuations, instability in the global banking system, climate-related events and geopolitical conflicts or tensions such as those in the Ukraine and the Middle East; | |
| ● | the impact of remote and hybrid work models on our business, operations and the markets in which we operate; | |
| ● | our ability to operate and grow our business in light of macroeconomic uncertainty; | |
| ● | the level of product service failures that could lead our customers to use competitors’ services; | |
| ● | investigations, claims, disputes, enforcement actions, litigation and/or other regulatory or legal proceedings, including with respect to our AI technology; | |
| ● | increased expenses associated with being a public company; and | |
| ● | other statements regarding our future operations, financial condition, prospects and business strategies. |
The forward-looking statements in this prospectus are only predictions. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements, or industry results, to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. We believe that these factors include, but are not limited to, the factors set forth under the heading “Risk Factors.” Because forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified, you should not rely on these forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. The events and circumstances reflected in our forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur and actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements.
In addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based upon information available to us as of the date of this prospectus, and while we believe such information forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely upon these statements.
You should read this prospectus and the documents that we reference in this prospectus and have filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part with the understanding that our actual future results, levels of activity, performance and achievements may be materially different from what we expect. All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements.
These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this prospectus. Except as required by applicable law, we do not plan to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus after we distribute this prospectus, whether as a result of any new information, future events or otherwise.
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We estimate that our net proceeds from this offering will be approximately $13.3 million (or approximately $15.5 million if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full) at an assumed initial public offering price of $4.75 per share of Class A common stock, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
Each $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $4.75 per share of Class A common stock, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) the net proceeds to us from this offering by approximately $3.1 million, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. Each increase (decrease) of 1,000,000 shares in the number of shares offered by us would increase (decrease) the net proceeds to us from this offering by approximately $4.4 million, assuming the assumed initial public offering price remains the same, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We do not expect that a change in the assumed initial public offering price or the number of shares by these amounts would have a material effect on our use of proceeds from this offering, although it may accelerate the time when we need to seek additional capital.
We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for general corporate purposes, including working capital and operating expenses. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds to acquire or invest in businesses, products, services or technologies. However, we do not have binding agreements or commitments for any material acquisitions or investments at this time.
Because we intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for general corporate purposes, our management will have broad discretion over the use of the net proceeds from this offering. As of the date of this prospectus, we intend to invest the net proceeds that are not used as described above in capital-preservation investments, including short-term interest-bearing investment-grade securities, certificates of deposit or U.S. government backed securities.
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The following table sets forth our cash, cash equivalents and capitalization as of December 31, 2025:
| ● | on an actual basis; | |
| ● | on a pro forma basis to give effect to (i) the filing and effectiveness of our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation in Delaware immediately prior to the closing of this offering, (ii) the reclassification of certain of our outstanding common stock as Class B common stock, (iii) the conversion of shares of our Series Seed-1, Series Seed-2 and Series A preferred stock to Class A common stock and (iv) the 3.57-for-1 stock split that will be effected immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, as if such events had occurred on December 31, 2025; and | |
| ● | on a pro forma as adjusted basis to give effect to the adjustments described in the preceding clause and to reflect the issuance and sale by us of 3,333,334 shares of Class A common stock in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $4.75 per share of Class A common stock, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. |
Our capitalization following the closing of this offering will be adjusted based on the actual initial public offering price and other terms of this offering determined at pricing. You should read this table, together with the information contained in this prospectus, including “Use of Proceeds,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The authorized share numbers in the table below give effect to the pro forma adjustments noted above.
| As of December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||
| Actual | Pro Forma | Pro Forma As Adjusted | ||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 2,318 | $ | 2,318 | $ | 15,585 | ||||||
| Stockholders’ equity (deficit): | ||||||||||||
| Preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share: 50,000,000 shares authorized, 1,242,635 shares issued and outstanding on an actual basis, no shares issued and outstanding on a pro forma basis, no shares issued and outstanding on a pro forma as adjusted basis | 1 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| Common stock, par value $0.001 per share: 510,000,000 shares authorized, 1,520,000 shares issued and outstanding on an actual basis, no shares issued and outstanding on a pro forma basis, no shares issued and outstanding on a pro forma as adjusted basis | 2 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share: 500,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding on an actual basis, 5,094,030 shares issued and outstanding on a pro forma basis, 8,427,364 shares issued and outstanding on a pro forma as adjusted basis | 0 | 5 | 8 | |||||||||
| Class B common stock, par value $0.001 per share: 10,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding on an actual basis, 5,426,402 shares issued and outstanding on a pro forma basis, 5,426,402 shares issued and outstanding on a pro forma as adjusted basis | 0 | 5 | 5 | |||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | 10,409 | 10,402 | 23,665 | |||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | (4,587 | ) | (4,587 | ) | (4,587 | ) | ||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity (deficit) | 5,825 | 5,825 | 19,292 | |||||||||
| Total capitalization | $ | 5,825 | $ | 5,825 | $ | 19,092 | ||||||
Each $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $4.75 per share of Class A common stock, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) each of cash and cash equivalents, additional paid-in capital, total stockholders’ equity (deficit) and total capitalization on a pro forma as adjusted basis by approximately $3.1 million, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
Each increase (decrease) of 1,000,000 shares in the number of shares offered by us would increase (decrease) each of cash and cash equivalents, additional paid-in capital, total stockholders’ equity (deficit) and total capitalization on a pro forma as adjusted basis by approximately $4.4 million, assuming the assumed initial public offering price remains the same, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
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Investors purchasing our Class A common stock in this offering will experience immediate and substantial dilution in the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value of their shares of Class A common stock. Dilution in pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value represents the difference between the initial public offering price per share of our Class A common stock and the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our Class A common stock after giving effect to this offering. Pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value represents our total tangible assets (total assets less intangible assets) less total liabilities, divided by the pro forma as adjusted number of outstanding shares of Class A common stock.
As of December 31, 2025, our net tangible book value was $3.5 million, or $1.25 per share.
After giving effect to (i) the filing and effectiveness of our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation in Delaware immediately prior to the closing of this offering, (ii) the reclassification of certain of our outstanding common stock as Class B common stock, (iii) the conversion of shares of our Series Seed-1, Series Seed-2 and Series A preferred stock to Class A common stock and (iv) the 3.57-for-1 stock split that will be effected immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, our pro forma net tangible book value as of December 31, 2025 would have been approximately $3.5 million, or $0.33 per share.
After giving further effect to the issuance and sale of 3,333,334 shares of our Class A common stock in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $4.75 per share of Class A common stock, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of December 31, 2025 would have been approximately $16.7 million, or $1.21 per share. This represents an immediate increase in pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value of $0.88 per share to our existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $3.54 per share to new investors participating in this offering.
The following table illustrates this dilution on a per share basis to new investors:
| Assumed initial public offering price per share | $ | 4.75 | ||||||
| Net tangible book value per share as of December 31, 2025 | $ | 1.25 | ||||||
| Decrease in net tangible book value per share attributable to pro forma adjustments | $ | 0.92 | ||||||
| Pro forma net tangible book value per share as of December 31, 2025 | $ | 0.33 | ||||||
| Increase in pro forma net tangible book value per share attributable to investors in this offering | $ | 0.88 | ||||||
| Pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share after giving effect to this offering | $ | 1.21 | ||||||
| Dilution in pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share to new investors in this offering | $ | 3.54 |
Each $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $4.75 per share, the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value by approximately $3.1 million, or approximately $0.22 per share, and increase (decrease) the dilution to new investors participating in this offering by approximately $0.78 per share, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
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Each increase (decrease) of 1,000,000 shares in the number of shares of Class A common stock offered by us would increase (decrease) our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value by approximately $4.4 million, or $0.32 per share, and increase (decrease) the dilution to new investors participating in this offering by approximately $0.32 per share, assuming that the assumed initial public offering price remains the same, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
If the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full, the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value after the offering would be $1.32 per share, the increase in the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value to existing stockholders would be $0.99 per share, and the pro forma as adjusted dilution to new investors participating in this offering would be $3.43 per share, in each case assuming an initial public offering price of $4.75 per share, the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
The following table summarizes, on the pro forma as adjusted basis described above as of December 31, 2025, the difference between existing stockholders and new investors participating in this offering with respect to the number of shares purchased from us, the total consideration paid to us and the average price per share paid by our existing stockholders or to be paid by new investors participating in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $4.75 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, before deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
| Shares Purchased | Total Consideration | Average Price Per | ||||||||||||||||||
| Number | Percent | Amount | Percent | Share | ||||||||||||||||
| Existing stockholders | 10,520,432 | 75.9 | % | $ | 7,833,861 | 33.1 | % | $ | 0.74 | |||||||||||
| New investors | 3,333,334 | 24.1 | 15,833,337 | 66.9 | 4.75 | |||||||||||||||
| Total | 13,853,766 | 100 | % | $ | 23,667,198 | 100 | % | $ | 1.71 | |||||||||||
Each $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $4.75 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) total consideration paid by new investors by approximately $3.3 million and total consideration paid by all stockholders by approximately $3.3 million, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, and before deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
We may also increase (decrease) the number of shares of Class A common stock we are offering. An increase (decrease) of 1,000,000 shares in the number of shares of Class A common stock offered by us would increase (decrease) total consideration paid by new investors by approximately $4.8 million and total consideration paid by all stockholders by approximately $4.8 million, assuming that the assumed initial public offering price remains the same, and before deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
If the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full, the number of shares held by our existing stockholders will be 10,520,432 or 73.3% of the total shares outstanding after this offering and the number of shares held by our new investors will be further increased to 3,833,334, or 26.7% of the total shares outstanding after this offering.
In addition, to the extent we issue any additional securities under our equity incentive plans or any outstanding stock options or warrants are exercised, or we issue any other securities or convertible debt in the future, investors participating in this offering will experience further dilution.
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion and analysis and other parts of this prospectus contain forward-looking statements based upon current beliefs, plans and expectations that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results and the timing of selected events could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of several factors, including those set forth under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. You should carefully read the “Risk Factors” section of this prospectus to gain an understanding of the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements.
The audited financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 are prepared pursuant to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).
Overview
VIDA Global Inc. is building a cloud-based AI agent operating system that enables enterprises, service providers, and resellers to build, deploy, and manage omnichannel AI agents that handle voice calls, text messages, emails, and web chat while automating business workflows at scale. Our platform is designed to connect to systems companies already rely on, including phones, CRMs, ticketing tools, calendars, and billing systems, and to support use cases such as recovering missed calls, qualifying leads, scheduling and confirming appointments, triaging support tickets, maintaining CRM accuracy, and initiating payments.
We are in the early stages of commercialization and have a limited operating history. Our results to date reflect significant investment in product development and go-to-market capabilities, as well as early customer and partner deployments. We expect to continue investing in our platform, reliability, security, compliance, partner enablement, and go-to-market initiatives. As a result, we expect to continue to incur net losses in the near term as we pursue growth and scale.
We believe we are operating at the beginning of a significant technology transition as businesses adopt AI agents as a new category of software to automate customer engagement and operational workflows. Our strategy is designed to drive adoption through trusted distribution channels. We believe this channel-led approach can help reduce onboarding friction and shorten time-to-value for customers by delivering integrated solutions through providers that customers already use and trust. We also believe our platform architecture, including multi-model orchestration, omnichannel connectivity, policy and compliance primitives, integrations and APIs, built-in observability and quality assurance, and white-label capabilities, positions us to scale with partners and customers over time.
We will effect a 3.57-for-1 stock split of our common stock immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
Key Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations
Our operating results and period-to-period financial performance are influenced by a number of factors, including:
Early-stage commercialization and customer adoption. Our revenue remains limited as we continue to transition from development to broader commercialization. Revenue growth depends on our ability to attract new customers, expand deployments with existing customers, and scale through channel partners, as well as the pace at which customers move from pilot programs to production usage.
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Partner-led distribution and productization. We are designed to support multi-tenant management and white-label deployments. Our performance depends in part on partner onboarding, partner enablement, partner packaging decisions, and the timing of partner launches. Partner sales cycles and customer conversion can create variability in revenue and operating results.
Usage-based economics and cost structure. Our revenue is derived from subscription and related usage-based fees. Our cost of revenue includes third-party infrastructure and services costs that may scale with usage and that may also include a fixed-cost component as we build and maintain a production-grade platform. As adoption scales, we believe we will have opportunities to optimize and reduce unit costs through engineering improvements, vendor negotiations, and usage routing and orchestration decisions. However, these improvements may not occur on our expected timeline, and our costs may increase as usage expands.
Investment in platform development (including capitalized software costs). We have invested significantly in building our platform. A substantial portion of these costs have been capitalized as internal-use software and are amortized over time. Amortization expense is a non-cash expense, but it affects our operating loss and may be significant while we continue to invest in product development.
Go-to-market investment and brand awareness. We expect to invest in sales and marketing to build partner relationships, increase awareness, generate demand, and support customer success. These investments may precede related revenue growth, particularly in partner-driven distribution models.
Bitcoin holdings. We hold bitcoin as part of our treasury strategy and account for bitcoin at fair value with changes recognized in other income (expense). As a result, our reported net loss may be significantly affected by changes in the market price of bitcoin, which is outside of our control and may introduce material volatility to our reported results.
Regulatory, compliance, and security requirements. Our customers and partners operate in regulated environments, particularly in communications and customer engagement. We expect to continue investing in reliability, security, privacy, and compliance features and processes. Changes in laws, regulations, or customer expectations could increase our compliance costs and affect product requirements and sales cycles.
Components of Our Results of Operations
Revenue. We generate revenue primarily from subscription fees and usage-based fees for access to and use of our platform. Contracts are generally cancellable and typically billed in advance on a monthly basis. We recognize revenue as the subscription and related services are provided and the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits.
Cost of revenue – exclusive of amortization. Cost of revenue – exclusive of amortization consists primarily of third-party expenses required to deliver our platform, including cloud hosting, telecommunications and carrier costs, and other infrastructure costs. Cost of revenue – exclusive of amortization may vary based on customer usage and may also include a baseline level of costs associated with maintaining and operating our platform, supporting deployments, and improving reliability and performance.
Amortization and depreciation. Represents amortization of capitalized internal-use software costs related to our platform and supporting systems and depreciation on our new computer equipment.
Sales and marketing. Includes costs related to partner enablement, marketing programs, advertising, and sales initiatives. Also includes personnel-related costs, including salaries, benefits, payroll taxes, and stock-based compensation expense related to stock options (excluding amounts capitalized as internal-use software).
General and administrative. Includes professional fees (legal, accounting, and consulting), insurance, facilities, and other general corporate expenses. Also includes personnel-related costs, including salaries, benefits, payroll taxes, and stock-based compensation expense related to stock options and restricted stock (excluding amounts capitalized as internal-use software).
Other income (expense). Other income (expense) consists primarily of realized and unrealized gains and losses related to changes in the fair value of our bitcoin holdings.
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Results of Operations
The following table sets forth our results of operations for the periods indicated:
| (USD) | Year Ended Dec 31, 2025 | Year Ended Dec 31, 2024 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||||
| Revenue | 551,383 | 14,402 | 536,981 | 3,729 | % | |||||||||||
| Operating expenses | 3,427,485 | 1,291,283 | 2,136,202 | 165 | % | |||||||||||
| Operating loss | (2,876,102 | ) | (1,276,881 | ) | (1,599,221 | ) | 125 | % | ||||||||
| Other income, net | (21,701 | ) | 534,403 | (556,104 | ) | 104 | % | |||||||||
| Net loss | (2,897,803 | ) | (742,478 | ) | (2,155,325 | ) | 290 | % | ||||||||
Revenue
Revenue increased by $536,981, or 3,729%, to $551,383 for the year ended December 31, 2025 from $14,402 for the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase was primarily driven by growth in subscription and usage-based fees as partner and enterprise customer adoption of our AI Agent OS increased during 2025.
We expect revenue to increase over time as we expand our partner ecosystem, convert pilot activity into scaled production usage, and broaden customer adoption across additional use cases and channels. The timing and pace of revenue growth may vary due to partner launch schedules, customer onboarding cycles, and usage patterns.
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Operating Expenses
Total operating expenses increased by $2,136,202, or 165%, to $3,427,485 for the year ended December 31, 2025 from $1,291,283 for the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase reflects higher general and administrative expense, sales and marketing expense, cost of revenue – exclusive of amortization, and amortization and depreciation.
Cost of revenue – exclusive of amortization. Cost of revenue – exclusive of amortization increased by $222,842, or 92%, to $465,075 for the year ended December 31, 2025 from $242,233 for the year ended December 31, 2024. This increase was primarily attributable to higher software, hosting, cloud infrastructure, data, network services and other technology costs required to support the growth in customer usage of our platform.
Amortization and Depreciation. Amortization and depreciation increased by $138,857, or 36%, to $524,320 for the year ended December 31, 2025 from $385,463 for the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase was primarily due to higher amortization of capitalized internal-use software as additional software was placed in service.
Sales and marketing. Sales and marketing increased by $420,074, or 138%, to $723,999 for the year ended December 31, 2025 from $303,925 for the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase primarily reflects higher advertising expense and broader sales and marketing activities to support partner enablement, marketing programs and customer acquisition.
General and administrative. General and administrative increased by $1,354,429, or 377%, to $1,714,091 for the year ended December 31, 2025 from $359,662 for the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase was primarily attributable to higher stock-based compensation, personnel-related costs and professional fees associated with scaling our operations and supporting our growth as a public-company-ready organization.
Other Income (Expense), Net
Other income (expense), net decreased by $556,104 to other expense of $21,701 for the year ended December 31, 2025 from other income of $534,403 for the year ended December 31, 2024, primarily due to an unrealized loss on bitcoin in 2025 compared with an unrealized gain on bitcoin in 2024. Because bitcoin is measured at fair value with changes recognized in earnings, future changes in the market price of bitcoin may have a significant impact on our reported results.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview
Since inception, we have funded our operations primarily through equity financings, and we have historically used cash to fund working capital and investments in our platform.
As of December 31, 2025, we had:
| ● | Cash of $2,317,761; |
| ● | Bitcoin of $1,023,306, measured at fair value; and |
| ● | Working capital of $2,431,259 (current assets less current liabilities). |
Our current liabilities are limited and consist of accounts payable, credit card payable, and deferred revenue. We have no outstanding debt for borrowed money.
We expect to continue to incur operating losses and use cash in operations as we invest in growth. We believe our existing cash and bitcoin holdings, together with proceeds from financings completed in 2025 and the expected net proceeds from this offering, will provide us with additional resources to fund operations and planned investments. We believe it is probable that we will be able to meet our obligations as they become due for at least the next twelve months after the date the financial statements included in this prospectus are issued. However, our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the pace of revenue growth, the timing and extent of investment in product development and go-to-market initiatives, and our ability to manage third-party platform costs.
Bitcoin Treasury Reserve
Since 2022, we have held bitcoin as part of our treasury strategy. As of December 31, 2025, we held 11.690 bitcoin. We believe that incorporating bitcoin as part of our treasury strategy can act as a hedge against inflation and currency devaluation, and offers long-term appreciation potential. In addition, including bitcoin on our balance sheet provides diversification to our treasury holdings. We have funded our bitcoin treasury through invested capital, contribution in exchange for securities and periodic purchases. Unlike digital asset treasury (DAT) companies, we do not expect to conduct securities offerings for the purpose of accumulating and holding significant amounts of crypto assets to generate yield. Instead, we expect that we may selectively purchase additional bitcoin when we believe it offers a good value proposition or store of value. In addition, consistent with past practice, we may from time to time sell bitcoin to fund operations and growth. Our purchases and sales of bitcoin currently take place on cryptocurrency exchanges, including Kraken. We may in the future, but do not currently expect to include other crypto assets as part of our treasury strategy.
As of December 31, 2025, we do not self-custody and only utilize third-party qualified custodians to hold our bitcoin. We use a qualified custodian that utilizes risk management and operational best practices around items like hot vs. cold storage, access controls, custody technology, insurance, etc. As of the date hereof, our third-party custodian is Kraken (legally named Payward, Inc.). In connection therewith, on February 5, 2026, we entered into a written custody agreement with Kraken, pursuant to which Kraken has agreed to provide us with services relating to, among other things, trading, execution and custody of our bitcoin pursuant to our instructions in exchange for fees and expenses as set forth in the custody agreement. The custody agreement with Kraken has a term of one year, with automatic renewals for successive one-year terms annually, unless earlier terminated or not renewed pursuant to the terms thereof. All private keys are held in cold storage. Our bitcoin stored by Kraken is not commingled with assets of other customers. Kraken does not carry insurance for any losses of the bitcoin it custodies for us. If we further execute on our treasury strategy, we may include additional custodians. Currently, there is no entity that is responsible for verifying the existence of our crypto assets.
Cash Flows
The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods indicated:
Year Ended December 31, 2025 | Year Ended December 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | $ | (1,834,854 | ) | $ | (807,027 | ) | ||
| Net cash used in investing activities | (715,753 | ) | (685,356 | ) | ||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | 4,144,072 | 0 | ||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash | $ | 1,593,465 | $ | (1,492,383 | ) | |||
Operating activities. Net cash used in operating activities was $1,834,854 for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to $807,027 for the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase in cash used was primarily driven by higher operating losses and working capital uses, partially offset by non-cash items including amortization, stock-based compensation and changes in the fair value of bitcoin.
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Investing activities. Net cash used in investing activities was $715,753 for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to $685,356 for the year ended December 31, 2024. Investing activities primarily reflect capitalized internal-use software development costs and net purchases of bitcoin.
Financing activities. Net cash provided by financing activities was $4,144,072 for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to $0 for the year ended December 31, 2024, primarily reflecting the Series A preferred stock financing, issuance of warrants, and proceeds from the sale of restricted common stock, partially offset by equity issuance costs.
Capital Resources and Contractual Obligations
As of December 31, 2025, our principal commitments consisted of non-cancelable purchase commitments under vendor agreements. The following table summarizes these obligations as of December 31, 2025:
Payments Due Within 1 Year | Payments Due After 1 Year | Total | ||||||||||
| Noncancelable purchase commitments | 52,156 | 0 | 52,156 | |||||||||
| Total | $ | 52,156 | $ | 0 | $ | 52,156 | ||||||
We believe our existing liquidity and access to capital will support our plan to meet these obligations as they come due.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future material effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures, or capital resources.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Our most significant accounting policies are described in the notes to our financial statements. We believe the following critical accounting policies and estimates are the most important to understanding and evaluating our results of operations and financial condition:
Revenue recognition. We recognize revenue from subscription and usage-based fees as services are provided and customers simultaneously receive and consume the benefits. This requires judgment in identifying performance obligations and determining the timing of revenue recognition, particularly for usage-based components.
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Capitalized internal-use software. We capitalize qualifying costs incurred during the application development stage for internal-use software and amortize those costs over their estimated useful lives. Determining which costs qualify for capitalization, when capitalization begins and ends, and the appropriate useful life requires judgment. Changes in these judgments could materially impact our results of operations and financial condition.
Stock-based compensation. We recognize stock-based compensation expense based on the fair value of awards on the grant date and recognize expense over the vesting period. The valuation of stock options and restricted stock grants requires judgment and assumptions, including volatility, expected term, and risk-free interest rates. Additionally, certain stock-based compensation costs are capitalized as internal-use software, which affects the timing of expense recognition between amortization and operating expense.
Warrants. We account for our warrants under ASC 815-40 and have concluded that our warrants meet all conditions for equity classification. Because our warrants are equity-classified and were issued together with preferred stock in a bundled financing, we allocated a portion of the financing proceeds to the warrants using the relative fair value method. The fair value of the warrants was determined utilizing a backsolve option pricing model based on the financing transaction price along with a Monte Carlo simulation. The valuation of the warrants through this process required the use of significant assumptions, including expected volatility, risk-free interest rate, and the probability of achieving the market-based vesting condition. As equity-classified instruments, the warrants are not subsequently remeasured.
Income taxes. We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method. We have generated NOL carryforwards and have recorded a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets to the extent we do not believe it is more likely than not that such assets will be realized. Assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets requires judgment, including forecasts of future taxable income.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
We have evaluated recently issued accounting pronouncements and, other than those already adopted, do not expect them to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. We will continue to evaluate new accounting guidance as it becomes effective.
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Overview
VIDA Global Inc. is building the Vida Agent OS. Our platform is designed to enable enterprises, service providers, software vendors, and entrepreneurs to deploy, govern, and manage production-grade AI agents across voice, messaging, email, and web. These agents connect to systems companies already rely on—such as phones, CRMs, ticketing tools, calendars, and billing systems—and are intended to perform work that often falls through the cracks, including recovering missed calls, qualifying leads, scheduling and confirming appointments, triaging support tickets, maintaining CRM accuracy, and initiating payments. For businesses, we believe these capabilities may help support faster response times, fewer dropped handoffs and higher conversion and completion rates, although results vary by customer and use case.
Under the hood, Vida unifies the components required to run AI agents at scale with an emphasis on reliability, security, and compliance. A multi-LLM (large language model) runtime and orchestration layer helps ensure customers use the most well-suited model for each task. Omnichannel I/O connects agents to phones, inboxes, chats, and the web. Policy and compliance primitives let solutions providers define guardrails once and apply them everywhere. Integrations and Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) accelerate setup without limiting flexibility. Built-in observability and auto-quality assurance show what agents did, why, and how to improve. Embeddable interfaces bring agents into existing tools, and white-label options enable fully branded experiences. Usage-based pricing aligns costs with outcomes, helping customers and partners scale more confidently.
Our channel-led strategy is intended to drive faster, more durable growth by delivering agents through the providers that businesses already trust. In surveys we conducted in 2025, a majority of SME respondents reported low confidence in deploying new technologies, such as AI agents, without expert support—so we meet them where they buy software. By equipping managed service providers (MSPs), unified communications as a service (UCaaS) and contact center as a service (CCaaS) platforms, telecom advisors and technology agents, and software-as-a-service (SaaS) vendors with Vida, customers gain agents integrated into the tools they already use. At the same time, partners can accelerate activation, reduce friction, and shorten sales cycles. We believe this can lead to higher adoption and completion rates over time, lower onboarding risk, and stickier recurring revenue for partners—all without customers having to rebuild their workflows or replace their existing stack.
We operate this channel model end-to-end. MSPs, telecom advisors, SaaS vendors, and creator economy operators can embed Vida agents in their offerings, pass through usage, and manage multiple customers from a single, secure, multi-tenant console. The Vida Agent OS expands participation in the AI economy by giving partners the tools to set up, sell, and scale an agent practice–without building a platform from scratch. Partners become trusted advisors who can deliver results quickly, grow recurring revenue, and differentiate their brands, while customers gain reliable agents that work within their existing systems and workflows.
Looking ahead, we believe there is a generational opportunity to deploy measurable AI agents across a wide variety of customer communications and workflow use cases, and we have seen encouraging early adoption and customer results that support our ability to scale over time. Based on third-party forecasts and our internal top-down modeling described below under “Market Opportunity,” which is anchored to U.S. outsourced call and contact center outsourcing spend and applies assumed growth rates and an AI penetration layer, we estimate that this underlying spend pool could be approximately $29.1 billion by 2030, and that the “AI-enabled” portion of that spend could approach approximately $28.8 billion by 2030 in our base case (with scenario outcomes driven primarily by different adoption and penetration assumptions). We remain focused on activating demand through trusted channels and delivering integrated agents that create value from day one. This approach has the potential to compound growth by expanding usage within accounts, introducing new agent types and workflows, and broadening our partner ecosystem—driving durable expansion for Vida and operating leverage for our customers. These estimates reflect our internal model and assumptions, involve significant uncertainty, and are not predictions or forecasts of our future revenue. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Market Opportunity and Growth” and “Industry and Market Data.”
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Our Mission
Our mission is to make the AI-agent economy accessible to every business by equipping service and software providers with a platform for deploying and selling agents quickly and at scale.

Market Opportunity
Businesses now expect more than software that works—they expect agentic systems that do the work. Customer communications operations have historically been labor-intensive and, in many organizations, supported by in-house customer service teams and outsourced service providers. We believe AI agents introduce a software and automation layer that can perform a portion of this repeatable work, and that adoption may increasingly be funded by reallocating budgets that have historically been spent on labor and managed services (including third-party contact center outsourcing), rather than solely representing net-new category spend. Enterprises are shifting from seat-based software to workload-driven architectures, but the transition is complex and challenging. Per-seat billing misaligns with AI usage; multi-tenant orchestration, guardrails, and observability add technical burden; and telephony, consent, and caller ID attestation introduce regulatory friction. Teams that attempt to stitch together APIs and channels often spend months before reaching scale limits. Vida addresses these barriers with a platform purpose-built for secure, omnichannel, turn-key AI phone agents.
Based on third-party market research and our internal modeling, we size our U.S. market opportunity for Business AI Agents using a top-down approach anchored in outsourced customer communications operations. Because outsourced call and contact center services are largely priced as managed services and labor capacity, we view this spend pool as a useful proxy for budgets that have historically been allocated to customer communications labor and operations, and that may shift—over time—toward AI-enabled automation delivered as software and related services. Using published estimates for the U.S. call and contact center outsourcing market and the associated growth rates, we estimate that U.S. spend for outsourced call and contact center services could be approximately $22.2 billion in 2026, $25.4 billion in 2028, and $29.1 billion by 2030. We then estimate the portion of that spend that could be AI-enabled by applying an assumed penetration rate for generative AI capabilities in contact centers that is informed by independent third-party surveys and analyst benchmarks. In our view, increasing AI penetration in contact centers is also likely to be associated with a gradual mix shift in how customer communications work is funded—away from purely labor-priced capacity and toward AI-enabled software, automation, and hybrid service delivery—though the pace and extent of any such shift is uncertain and may vary by vertical, use case, and regulatory environment. Under our base case, this implies an AI-enabled spend pool of approximately $19.1 billion in 2026, $23.5 billion in 2028, and $28.8 billion by 2030, with a scenario range of approximately $18.4–$20.0 billion in 2026 and $22.6–$24.9 billion in 2028 under more conservative and more aggressive penetration assumptions, respectively. Under our base case, the implied compound annual growth rate of the AI-enabled spend pool is approximately 10.8% from 2026 to 2030, reflecting both underlying market growth and increasing AI penetration. These estimates reflect our own model and assumptions, have not been independently verified, and involve significant uncertainty. See the section “Risk Factors” for additional discussion of the risks and uncertainties associated with our estimates and expectations.
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Our model derives annual spend levels from published market endpoints and growth rates for business process outsourcing and call/contact center outsourcing, and assumes that call and contact center outsourcing represents a meaningful subset of overall BPO spend (approximately 31% based on the third-party endpoints used in our model). Our AI-penetration layer assumes generative AI adoption in contact centers increases over time and is capped in our base case at 99% by 2030, and is intended to reflect the growing prevalence of AI-enabled workflows in customer service operations rather than the mix, pricing, or revenue outcomes of any particular vendor. Our estimates are sensitive to, among other things, the scope definitions used by third-party market researchers, the pace and extent of adoption of AI capabilities in outsourced contact centers, competitive dynamics, regulatory developments, and customer budget priorities. In addition, our estimates focus on outsourced contact center and customer service operations and therefore do not capture potential additional spend associated with in-house customer service operations or broader enterprise automation and workflow use cases that may also be addressed by AI agents.
We believe these market dynamics may favor our model: a channel-led approach that reaches customers through existing providers and integrates agents directly into current systems, focused on reducing time-to-value and improving completion rates. As adoption scales, we expect that partners deepen customer penetration, usage broadens across agent types and channels, and Vida has the opportunity to capture an increasing share of overall market growth.

Illustrative base-case TAM for AI Agent spend. The chart reflects our internal estimate of the U.S. total addressable market for Business AI Agents in our base-case scenario, using AI penetration of outsourced contact center/customer service spend (all channels) as a proxy spend pool that has historically been dominated by labor and managed services costs, and that we believe may increasingly be funded through a reallocation of those budgets toward AI-enabled automation over time.. This estimate is derived from third-party market size estimates for the U.S. call and contact center outsourcing market and our base-case assumptions regarding GenAI enablement/penetration over time. In this base case, we estimate that U.S. Business AI Agent spend could be approximately $19.1 billion in 2026, $23.5 billion in 2028, and $28.8 billion in 2030. These TAM estimates are illustrative, are based on our own assumptions and analysis using third-party data, have not been independently verified, and are not forecasts or predictions of our future revenue.
Our Opportunity
We believe Vida can become a leading way businesses deliver AI agents at scale. Our channel-first model unlocks step-function reach by tapping existing customer bases and embedding agents into live workflows. Our platform compresses time to value, aligns economics to outcomes, and embeds policy and reliability from day one. The result is software that’s designed to do work on behalf of businesses and their teams.
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Point of View
Businesses adopt AI through trusted partners. Most businesses do not want another tool that sits beside their system of record. They want outcomes delivered inside the software they already use, implemented by the vendors and service providers they already trust. Partners understand local processes, compliance needs, and the data models that power day-to-day work. Our product and packaging are built for those partners. We provide multi-tenant administration, white-label controls, pass-through usage, and templates that let partners switch on agents across entire installed bases in days.
AI should expand people, not replace them. While many companies frame AI as a path to headcount reduction, our strategy is to widen participation. Vida is an AI Agent OS that gives partners and practitioners everything they need to set up, sell, and scale an AI agent business. Agencies, MSPs, and vertical software vendors can create new revenue lines, and frontline teams gain an always-on teammate that recovers missed calls, books appointments, cleans CRM records, and handles follow-ups so people can focus on higher value work.
We believe adoption of AI agents may be funded, in part, through a gradual reallocation of budgets historically spent on labor and managed services toward AI-enabled workflows, while enabling organizations to redeploy teams toward higher-value, customer-facing work.
We believe enterprise software is shifting from screens to agents. Even if progress in large language models slows, we expect this trend to continue, with workflows specified as goals and policies rather than clicks and forms. Outcomes will be measured and billed as actions rather than seats. Data, security, and compliance will be orchestrated across many tenants and brands. Vida is positioned at this layer, independent of any single model provider.
Durable Opportunity
We believe the long-term shift is from software that people operate to software that operates on their behalf. That shift does not depend on frontier model breakthroughs. It depends on safe orchestration, reliable integrations with systems of record, and a distribution model that reaches millions of businesses through the partners they already trust. These are the problems we seek to solve with our platform.
Over time, we believe our role in this shift will depend less on owning any single underlying model and more on operating the connective tissue that makes agents practical in production: multi-model orchestration, deep integrations with systems of record, observability and policy, and a distribution network of software vendors, service providers, and enterprises. As businesses add new channels, adopt new models, and respond to evolving regulatory requirements, we expect that demand for a neutral, infrastructure-like layer to manage these agents will increase. While we cannot predict the pace or extent of this transition, our strategy is to position Vida as that operating layer so that, if the market develops as we expect, our platform can participate in a broad range of AI agent deployments across industries and segments.
The Challenge of Delivering AI Agents
Customers come to Vida with a clear goal: deploy dependable, measurable AI agents within the channels and systems they already use. In practice, most face a consistent set of barriers that slow rollout, raise costs, and erode confidence. Below are the six obstacles we see most often—and the standards buyers now expect from a platform built for production agents.
| 1. | Billing
and Usage Mismatch Seat licensing fails when the “seat” is software. Value depends on minutes, messages, and completed actions—not headcount. Without native usage primitives (per-minute or per-message tiers, metered actions, partner pass-through, and tenant controls), finance can’t link spend to outcomes, partners can’t model margin, and rollouts stall. The underlying requirement is straightforward but essential: align pricing and billing with consumption and results. |
| 2. | Complex
Infrastructure Production agents require real-time media, routing, tenant isolation, policy guardrails, audit logs, and failover. Assembling these from point tools creates ongoing integration costs and operational burden. What works in a demo fails at scale without multitenancy, one-click provisioning, versioned policies, and a runtime built for live traffic. |
| 3. | LLM
Evaluation Model selection is dynamic—performance shifts with prompts, data, tools, and provider updates. Teams need continuous benchmarking, task-level routing, supervisory checks, and auto-QA with traces that explain what the agent did and why. Without that loop, completion rates drop, costs rise, and trust degrades quickly. |
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| 4. | Omnichannel
Requirements Voice and messaging operate under strict regulations. At scale, teams must manage consent, recording disclosures, quiet hours, opt-ins and opt-outs, DNC enforcement, and STIR/SHAKEN attestation to protect deliverability and reputation. Number management, cadence control, retries, and per-tenant compliance defaults are baseline requirements—especially for partners managing many customers across jurisdictions. |
| 5. | Time
to Deliver Teams often spend months wiring APIs, channels, onboarding, metering, and billing—only to hit limits when adding tenants or SKUs. Each bespoke integration multiplies testing and maintenance while the business waits for results. Delay can be one of the most expensive line items in any agent program. |
| 6. | Observability Agents are credible only when performance is visible. Operators need end-to-end insight into throughput, conversions, handoffs, exceptions, and QA—by agent, brand, and tenant—with the ability to adjust quickly. Without this, teams can’t certify reliability, support customers, or justify incremental budgets. |
Why This Matters Now
These challenges are solvable—but only on unified platforms. We believe buyers are increasingly standardizing on systems that combine usage-aligned pricing, multi-tenant infrastructure, continuous model evaluation, compliant communications, rapid packaging, and full-stack observability within a single operating environment. This is the space Vida addresses: deploying production agents quickly, including features designed to help support compliance by default, providing outcomes, and scaling reliably across channels, workflows, and partner networks.
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Our Solution

The Vida Agent OS for Business
Vida provides the full stack to deploy and operate AI agents reliably, compliantly, and at scale. The platform is designed to unify runtime and orchestration, omnichannel I/O, integrations, observability and QA, embeddable interfaces, and usage-aligned packaging—enabling customers and partners to launch in days and grow with confidence.
| ● | Agent Runtime and Orchestration |
At the core of the Vida Agent OS is a multi-LLM engine that routes tasks across specialized models and tools, utilizing dynamic evaluation, memory management, and failover capabilities. Graph-based workflows, supervisory checks, and configuration guardrails minimize hallucinations and unauthorized actions while optimizing for task success, latency, and cost. The design supports enterprise needs, including tenant isolation, versioned policies, and real-time resilience, to support production reliability at scale.
We are extending the runtime with hierarchical tool plans for multi-step business processes, policy-aware routing that factors data rules and geography alongside price and latency, and adaptive memory that adjusts tone and behavior by brand or location to improve completion rates and efficiency.
The runtime also supports OpenClaw-compatible agents. These agents can operate across browsers, terminals, and other computing environments and invoke dynamic tools or skills to complete more complex workflows. This expands the range of work agents can perform while increasing the importance of orchestration, policy controls, observability, and security in production environments.
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| ● | Omnichannel I/O
Vida AI agents provide inbound and outbound omnichannel communication across voice, texting, email, and web chat. Vida’s omnichannel I/O is designed to work with a broad range of telephony systems, including session initiation protocols (SIP) used in voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and private branch exchanges (PBX) used in private telephone networks. These features are designed to help support deliverability in the channels where customers already operate. |
| ● | Security & Compliance
Vida AI phone agents and their features are designed to help make regulated communications easier to implement for partners and customers by supporting compliance and verification through The Campaign Registry (TCR), and Vida supports verification of the authenticity of phone calls to combat caller ID spoofing and robocalls through frameworks collectively known as STIR/SHAKEN, a set of technical protocols used by carriers to authenticate caller ID information and combat spoofing. |
| ● | Integrations and Tools
Turnkey connectors for CRMs, schedulers, ticketing systems, and payments enable agents to access and modify system data from the outset. When configured by customers, agents can process payments through Stripe, Chargebee, and other payment providers. |
| ● | Observability
and Auto-QA Operational trust requires visibility. Vida offers tracing, analytics, outcome logging, and dashboards showing throughput, conversions, and quality by agent, tenant, and brand. Auto-QA flags outliers for tuning, and upcoming tenant-level SLOs and alerts make reliability measurable and actionable. |
| ● | Embeddable UIs and APIs
Prebuilt web and mobile components, along with developer APIs, expose full platform capability. White-label options, including custom domains and branded dashboards, allow partners to embed agents directly into their products, enabling every customer to access AI-driven workflows without requiring infrastructure rebuilds. |
| ● | Packaging and Billing
Vida aligns pricing to outcomes through usage-based primitives for minutes, messages, and completed tasks, as well as pass-through billing and SKU controls for partners. Integrations with common billing providers simplify commercialization, enabling sellers to package, launch, and scale offers without re-architecting finance systems. |
What Vida AI Agents Deliver
Vida agents handle front-of-house and follow-up work across voice, SMS, email, and web chat so teams stay responsive and pipelines stay clean. Core workflows include inbound reception and routing, outbound lead follow-up with consent and retries, CRM summarization and tagging, appointment confirmations and reminders, and payment capture through customer-selected providers. Agents operate inside existing systems, and are designed to help ensure that actions are recorded in the relevant systems of record with appropriate tags and attribution.
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| ● | Omnichannel Collaboration
Agents answer calls, respond to missed texts and emails, and maintain a single, continuous conversation across channels. They escalate or hand off to humans with full transcripts and context, so customers don’t need to repeat themselves. |
| ● | Real-World Agentic Workflows
Agents interact directly with customer relationship management software (CRMs), calendars, ticketing, and payment platforms. They update records, apply standardized tags, and attach artifacts—such as notes, recordings, and receipts—so that revenue, service, and finance teams can measure outcomes without manual cleanup. |
| ● | Concurrent Scaling
Agents run continuously, handle concurrent conversations in multiple languages, and follow per-tenant policies for quiet hours, consent, disclosures, and do-not-contact lists. Capacity is designed to scale elastically as volume grows—helping to reduce queues, overtime, and the risk of missed windows, subject to system capacity and configuration. |
| ● | Full Observability
End-to-end tracing, analytics, auto-QA, and evaluation make performance tunable. Operators can view throughput, completions, handoffs, exceptions, and QA flags by agent, team, brand, or tenant. Partners and customers share a unified operating view of usage and outcomes (e.g., scheduled appointments, confirmed jobs, collected payments). |
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| ● | SOC 2 Compliance
Consent capture, caller-ID attestation (STIR/SHAKEN), recording controls, redaction, and audit trails are built in. Our service organization controls (SOC 2) program covers Security, Availability, and Confidentiality across access, change management, and incident response—helping customers treat regulated communications as a repeatable, configurable process rather than a bespoke integration. These controls govern Vida’s compliance posture. |
| ● | Measurable Outcomes
In production, many of our customers report higher answer and response rates, improved conversion from first contact to booked appointment, and lower cancellations and no-shows when confirmations and reminders are active. Results depend on deployment configuration, customer vertical, and baseline performance, and may not be representative of all customers. These observations are based on a subset of early customer deployments and are provided solely as examples; they should not be viewed as guarantees of future performance. |
What We Provide
| ● | Agent Workspace
Ready-to-use voice and texting (SMS) workflows for reception, qualification, booking, confirmations, and reminders—built for small to medium-sized businesses (SMBs) and mid-market teams seeking fast, measurable results. |
| ● | Agent Integrations
Adds email, advanced CRM workflows, deduping, tagging, and outcome logging for mid-market customers with fragmented channels. |
| ● | Agent Administration
Enterprise controls for managing hundreds of agents, including logs, inboxes, task views, usage and billing, observability, and security policies. |
| ● | Agent API and Embeds
For software vendors embedding agents directly into their products, with full white-label support so every customer can access AI-driven workflows without rebuilding. |
Going Beyond Today’s Use Cases
Today’s workflows are only the beginning. As agent capabilities evolve, Vida’s embedded distribution provides direct access to where work already happens. Native integrations with vendors, service providers, and systems of record let us introduce new agents and higher-value actions with minimal friction. This creates a durable expansion path—adding templates, deepening integrations, unlocking new channels, and growing usage and platform revenue within accounts that already trust Vida.
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Illustrative Customer Deployment in Healthcare Vertical. In one deployment with a U.S. customer in the healthcare vertical over a 6-month period in 2025, our AI agent achieved a meeting scheduling rate of approximately 65–70% and a cancellation rate of approximately 9%, compared to a historical meeting scheduling rate of approximately 45% and a cancellation rate of approximately 14% for that customer’s human-led process. These results are based on our internal analysis of that customer’s data and may not be representative of other customers.
Go-to-Market Strategy
We sell through the channels where buyers already procure communications and customer operations solutions.
| ● | Channel-Led Distribution
We enable MSPs, IT solution providers, telecom advisors, technology agents, vertical SaaS vendors, and UCaaS or CCaaS platforms to resell and operate agents at scale. Vida provides multi-tenant administration, instant provisioning, usage pass-through, simplified SKUs, and transparent commissions. |
Based on industry sources, we believe our addressable channel base includes approximately 40,000 U.S. managed service providers and IT solution providers, 5,000–10,000 technology advisors and telecom agents reachable through major distributors, approximately 3,000–5,000 SMB-focused and vertical SaaS vendors in the United States, and an estimated 200–300 UCaaS and CCaaS platforms worldwide with a significant U.S.-serving concentration. These figures are estimates based on third-party data and our internal analysis, have not been independently verified, and only a portion of these potential partners may adopt our platform.
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| ● | Direct to Business
We maintain direct, targeted campaigns for large organizations requiring hundreds of agents, deep integrations, compliance governance, and advanced billing controls. Many small and mid-sized companies report relying on trusted partners for implementation and integration of new technologies, such as AI agents, and our channel-first orientation is intended to align with these preferences. |
Target Markets
Our sales, marketing, and partner outreach efforts are designed to reach buyers across three core target markets:
| ● | Software Vendors
Vertical and horizontal software vendors embed agents as native features for their installed bases. They license platform access, select connector packs, and meter end-customer usage through pass-through billing—creating the opportunity for a recurring revenue stream for the vendor and a predictable one for Vida. |
| ● | Telecom and Managed Service Providers
Managed service providers, telecom advisors, and integrators deploy white-label Vida agents across multiple tenants as part of their managed services. They license platform access based on managed account volume, attach compliance and analytics add-ons, and meter usage behind the scenes. |
| ● | Enterprises and Mid-Market
Larger businesses adopt a platform tier sized to their footprint, then scale usage as they add workflows and channels. Many customers also purchase prepaid bundles for seasonal or campaign-driven volumes. |
Business Model
We price on usage and outcomes rather than seats, with a platform access fee for our multi-tenant runtime, admin controls, and partner tooling. Customers can start small and scale as agents expand across workflows and channels.
Packaging and Pricing Constructs
To accommodate a wide range of operational requirements and business sizes, our platform is offered through structured packaging and pricing constructs. These constructs are designed to provide flexibility, transparency, and scalability, allowing customers to align their investment with their specific usage and value realized.
| ● | Platform Access Fee
SaaS vendors and larger service providers typically license the platform on a monthly recurring basis. As of November 2025, for a new vendor launching an embedded agent, platform access typically averaged $2,500 per month and includes multi-tenant administration, white-label controls, policy and compliance features, analytics, and support. End businesses that contract directly select a lighter platform tier sized to their footprint. |
| ● | Usage Meters
Voice minutes, messages, email sends, and completed actions (e.g., scheduled appointments or collected payments) are metered. Customers may pay as they go or purchase pre-paid usage bundles with tiered discounts; overage charges apply beyond bundle thresholds. Outcome-based pricing is available for workflows where success can be consistently measured and mutually agreed with the customer. |
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| ● | Add-On Features
Customers can attach capabilities that expand value and margin, such as advanced analytics, auto-QA packs, extended retention, premium observability, enhanced SLAs, HIPAA-oriented redaction and retention controls for deployments that may involve electronic protected health information (ePHI), jurisdictional consent packs, and vertical workflow templates. |
| ● | Custom Integrations
We offer statement-of-work options to build or certify new connectors and schema mappings. These may be billed separately or bundled into the access fee for strategic launches. Once certified, integrations become managed connectors available across tenants. |
Partner Economics and Billing
Our partner economics model is structured to foster mutual success and transparent financial operations. We provide comprehensive support for billing and revenue recognition, ensuring partners can effectively manage their client relationships. We offer:
| ● | Pass-through usage and revenue share with graduated volume discounts |
| ● | White-label branding, custom domains, and multi-tenant dashboards included with platform access |
| ● | Billing integrations with Stripe, Chargebee, and others for plan setup, invoicing, and reconciliation |
| ● | Detailed exports by tenant, workflow, and SKU to support partner invoicing and revenue recognition |
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Revenue Streams
The platform generates revenue through a diverse set of channels designed to capture value from both usage and strategic enhancements, including:
| 1. | Platform access fees that scale with footprint and administrative needs |
| 2. | Consumption from minutes, messages, and completed actions |
| 3. | Add-ons for analytics, QA, observability, compliance packs like HIPAA redaction, and extended retention |
| 4. | Custom integration work where needed, with a product-led emphasis rather than services-led |
| 5. | Optional outcome pricing for defined workflows |
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Unit Economics and Margin Profile
Our cost structure scales with usage — the more it’s used the more it costs. This usage benefits from typical telephony efficiencies, as improvements in infrastructure and engineering drive our unit costs down over time. Vida economics also benefit from LLM improvements such as streaming and caching. Over the long term, we aim to achieve gross margins that are broadly consistent with those of modern cloud platforms that include communications components; however, our actual gross margins have fluctuated and may continue to fluctuate, and there can be no assurance that we will do so. We expect a mix shift toward higher tiers, pre-paid bundles, and add-ons to expand margins over time, but our actual gross margins may be lower than these long-term expectations.
Growth Levers Inside the Model
We believe our model provides significant opportunities for growth and have identified key growth levers that drive both user engagement and platform adoption. Over time, we intend to seek to maximize value through the following measures:
| ● | Increase customer spend over time by expanding the number of workflows and channels used by each customer, including moving from single-channel voice deployments toward full omnichannel deployments |
| ● | Activate installed bases through vendor launches that roll out embedded agents at scale |
| ● | Offer pre-paid bundles for seasonal programs and campaigns to lock in committed usage |
| ● | Expand compliance and industry packs such as HIPAA redaction and jurisdictional consent modules |
| ● | Accelerate integration velocity through a connector certification program co-funded with partners |
Competitive Strengths
Our advantage lies in deploying agents quickly, integrating them into the systems customers already use, and measuring value by outcomes rather than total seats. We refer to this internal concept as “Return on AI,” or “ROAI”—the ratio of measurable outcomes to total cost of ownership. ROAI is not a financial or accounting measure and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for our financial information. Vida seeks to improve both sides of the ratio by increasing completed actions and reducing build, operate, and maintain costs.
Time to Value
Agents built on our platform can typically be deployed in days and scaled to support higher volumes, subject to customer configuration and requirements. Prebuilt templates for reception, follow-up, confirmations, rescheduling, collections, and CRM hygiene can reduce setup from months to hours. Multi-tenant provisioning, number management, consent prompts, and caller ID attestation are built in, allowing partners to activate hundreds of accounts without custom work.
ROAI Effect: Faster deployment accelerates time to first outcome and payback. In many deployments, customers are able to begin measuring scheduled appointments, recovered calls, and qualified leads within the first week, although timing can vary by use case and configuration.
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Breadth of Platform
Runtime, I/O, billing, compliance, and observability are integrated into one system. The platform unifies multi-LLM orchestration, omnichannel voice and messaging, usage and outcome metering, policy controls, audit logs, redaction, and analytics. Developers can still select speech or model components while retaining Vida’s orchestration and guardrails.
ROAI Effect: A unified platform removes integration and maintenance overhead, lowering total cost of ownership and improving outcome consistency across channels.
Channel Alignment
Our platform is built for vendors and service providers. Multi-tenant admin, white-label controls, usage pass-through, and SKU management enable partners to embed agents as native features and sell them through existing channels.
ROAI Effect: Distribution through trusted partners increases attach and expansion across installed bases. End customers avoid one-off integrations, driving higher adoption and outcome volume per dollar spent.
Embedded Integrations With Systems of Record
Agents ship inside the software businesses already use. Connectors, schema mapping, and embeddable components make them feel native to CRMs, booking platforms, logistics systems, and practice management tools.
ROAI Effect: When agents operate within existing data and permissions, completion rates increase and operational rework decreases.
Compliance-First Design
Consent capture, disclosure prompts, caller ID attestation, redaction, and audit trails are built into our platform. Our SOC 2 program encompasses security, availability, and confidentiality across access, change management, vendor management, and incident response.
ROAI Effect: Native controls reduce deployment friction and compliance risk, cutting hidden costs that erode AI returns.
Enterprise Reliability
Evaluation, fallback, auto-QA, and deep observability out of the box. Agents operate within guardrails and utilize human-in-the-loop triggers, with logs and traces capturing every tool call and outcome.
ROAI Effect: Higher task success and lower defect escape cut manual intervention costs while increasing completed actions per minute and per message.
Cost and Performance Discipline
Streaming, caching, and adaptive turn-taking reduce waste across ASR, TTS, and tool calls.
ROAI Effect: Lower unit cost per successful action and tighter latency bands that maintain conversion rates.
Measurable Outcomes and Pricing That Matches Value
Meters track minutes, messages, and completed actions such as scheduled appointments or collected payments. Outcome-based pricing is available on well-defined workflows.
ROAI Effect: Customers can tie revenue or savings to specific agent outcomes, with spend naturally concentrating on what delivers results.
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Partner Analytics and Operating Leverage
Partners view usage, outcome trends, and churn signals across tenants, and can roll out templates, policies, and updates portfolio-wide with a few clicks.
ROAI Effect: Portfolio-level controls raise outcomes across many accounts while holding operating expenses flat.
Growth Strategy
We have grown and expect to continue to grow through partnerships. That includes large software vendors, MSPs, and individuals or small teams building businesses on AI. The Vida Agent OS enables partners of any size to set up, sell, and scale an agent practice. While some companies use AI to reduce headcount, our approach expands participation by turning partners into distributors and operators of outcome-driven agents.

| 1. | Empower Individuals and Small Agencies to Build AI Agent Businesses |
What This Means: Solo creators, consultants, and boutique agencies can package Vida templates, embed them into the tools their clients already use, and monetize through usage and outcome-aligned pricing.
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How We Enable It: White-label controls, simple SKUs, pass-through billing, and embeddable components reduce the surface area to launch. Go-to-market kits, training, and certification help non-technical partners sell outcomes, not features.
Why It Matters: Millions of local businesses buy from trusted local experts. By giving those experts a product they can stand behind, we expand reach without adding sales headcount.
ROAI: Partners earn by delivering measurable outcomes like scheduled appointments, recovered calls, and clean CRM data, which aligns compensation with value.
| 2. | Make Vendors Successful With Embedded Agents |
What This Means: Vertical and horizontal software companies ship an Agent tab or native workflows inside their apps so customers get agents that work on day one.
How We Enable It: Multi-tenant administration, connector packs, schema mapping, and usage pass-through let vendors commercialize quickly and roll out to entire installed bases.
Why It Matters: The biggest source of value comes from agents integrated with systems of record. Embedded delivery removes integration friction and improves retention for both the vendor and Vida.
ROAI: Outcomes are created and measured inside the vendor’s analytics, which concentrates spend on what performs.
| 3. | Help MSPs and Advisors Productize and Scale |
What This Means: Managed service providers, telecom advisors, and IT consultancies turn agents into a repeatable SKU across hundreds of tenants.
How We Enable It: Number management, caller ID attestation, consent and recording controls, portfolio analytics, and pass-through billing let partners operate many accounts efficiently.
Why It Matters: These partners already control procurement and integration for their clients. Giving them a clean product to sell accelerates attachment and expansion.
ROAI: Portfolio-level controls lift outcomes across many tenants without adding proportional operating cost.
| 4. | Package Outcomes, Not Features |
What This Means: We lead with templates that map to business results: reception, lead qualification, confirmations and reminders, rescheduling, early-stage collections outreach, and CRM hygiene.
How We Enable It: Templates ship with consent language, quiet hours, jurisdictional options, and default QA rubrics so partners can go live quickly and tune for their niche.
Why It Matters: Partners sell outcomes their customers understand, which shortens cycles and increases expansion.
ROAI: Pricing and reporting focus on minutes, messages, and completed actions so value is obvious.
| 5. | Community, Education, and Certification at the Edge |
What This Means: A public playbook so a motivated individual can build a durable agent business, plus partner certifications that signal quality.
How We Enable It: Training, sales collateral, demo environments, and example embed patterns help new partners win their first ten customers.
Why It Matters: The creator economy thrives on accessible, repeatable motions. Lowering the learning curve increases the number of active partners.
ROAI: Better trained partners deliver higher task success and lower rework for their customers.
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| 6. | Compliance and Policy Packs as Growth Enablers |
What This Means: Partners can switch on consent prompts, recording disclosures, caller ID attestation support, and redaction, including options like HIPAA redaction.
How We Enable It: Policy bundles and defaults reduce uncertainty for small partners and speed approvals for larger ones.
Why It Matters: Compliance friction often stalls adoption. Removing that friction drives faster activation across portfolios.
ROAI: Less friction and fewer defects improve completed actions per dollar spent.
| 7. | Pricing and Incentives That Reward Distribution |
What This Means: Platform access tiers for vendors, MSPs, and entrepreneurs, with usage meters and optional pre-paid bundles. Revenue share and discounts scale with attach and volume.
How We Enable It: Partners choose the model that fits their customers, from pay-as-you-go to committed bundles.
Why It Matters: Clear, usage-aligned incentives motivate partners to lead with Vida in every deal.
ROAI: Spend naturally concentrates on high-performing workflows, improving both partner earnings and customer outcomes.
| 8. | International Growth Through Policy-Aware Delivery |
What This Means: Partners activate agents across regions with local numbers, language options, and regional consent and recording configurations.
How We Enable It: Policy packs and configuration guardrails adapt templates without custom builds.
Why It Matters: Many partners already serve multi-country portfolios. Policy-aware delivery opens new markets without re-architecture.
ROAI: Faster activations and fewer policy missteps raise outcome volume while reducing remediation cost.
| 9. | Continuous Improvement in Reliability and Cost |
What This Means: We aim to continue improving task success and cost per successful action with evaluation and auto-QA.
How We Enable It: A background thinking model supervises a faster foreground agent so partners get better results at lower cost.
Why It Matters: Better unit economics compounds across every partner and tenant.
ROAI: More completed actions at lower cost improves ROAI for customers and margin for partners.
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What This Adds Up To
We aim to help make the AI shift an opportunity for people. Vida gives those partners an AI Agent OS that is designed to help software automate more of the work. Individuals and agencies can build real businesses. MSPs and advisors can add a high-margin, outcome-driven SKU to every account. Vendors can ship agents as native features across entire installed bases. The common thread is trust. Businesses buy from partners they know, and Vida gives those partners the Vida Agent OS to help them deliver reliable AI agents inside the software their customers already use.
Technology, Security, and Privacy
Our platform is the AI Agent OS for partners and end customers who need agents that do real work, safely, and at scale. The system is multi-tenant and cloud native, with layers for orchestration, channels, integrations, observability, and policy. We design for:
| ● | High Availability
Vida is designed to be reliable and accessible and to minimize downtime through redundancy, health monitoring, and failover mechanisms. |
| ● | Clear Auditability |
Vida maintains traceable records of key actions and events, including agent activity, configuration changes, and access logs, to support monitoring, investigation, and compliance needs.
| ● | Sound Compliance |
Vida’s controls are designed to map to regulatory and industry requirements in communications and privacy, including consent management, recording controls, caller ID attestation, data retention, and access governance.
Architecture and Orchestration
Our platform’s architecture is designed for robust performance and flexible orchestration:
| ● | Multi-Tenant by Design |
Tenant and sub-tenant boundaries are enforced across data, configuration, metering, and analytics. Partners operate many end accounts through a single administrative surface with role-based access and branding controls.
| ● | Model and Tool Orchestration |
A multi-LLM runtime selects models and tools based on task goals, latency, cost, and policy. We support fallbacks and safe handoffs when thresholds are breached. Components can be swapped without changing partner integrations.
| ● | Open Agent Compatibility |
Our platform is designed to support compatibility with emerging open agent frameworks, including OpenClaw agents. These agents may operate browsers, terminals, and other computing environments and may use dynamic tools or skills to complete multi-step workflows. As these agent patterns become more common, we believe enterprises will require infrastructure that can govern them consistently across tenants, workflows, and channels. Vida is designed to provide that layer through orchestration, policy controls, observability, and security features that support production deployment.
| ● | Omnichannel I/O |
Native support for voice over SIP or PBX, SMS and MMS, email, and web chat. Channel primitives include consent capture, quiet hours, retry logic, do-not-contact enforcement, and configurable disclosure prompts.
| ● | Integrations |
Certified connectors for CRMs, schedulers, ticketing, and payments. Schema mapping and health checks help ensure agents operate against the correct objects and fields with clear error budgets per connector.
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Reliability and Observability
We seek to support system resilience and transparency through comprehensive reliability and observability measures:
| ● | Production Controls |
Rate limiting, concurrency controls, number management, and caller ID attestation using STIR/SHAKEN where applicable. Recording can be enabled with configurable disclosures and redaction.
| ● | Evaluation and Auto-QA |
Every episode is traced from prompt to tool call to outcome. Automated and human review score task success, drift, and policy adherence. Partners can set thresholds that trigger human-in-the-loop or safe handoff.
| ● | SLO Mindset |
We organize operations around success rate, handoff rate, and latency bands. Outliers generate alerts and can trigger automatic retries with model or tool swaps.
| ● | Auditability |
Immutable logs, action trails, and administrative change history support operational review and customer audits. Export options let partners meet their own record keeping obligations.
Security Program
We maintain a security program that is built on widely used industry practices and continuous assurance efforts:
| ● | SOC 2 Posture |
We maintain a security and privacy program aligned to the SOC 2 Trust Services Criteria for Security, Availability, and Confidentiality—which cover protection against unauthorized access to our systems (Security), the reliability and uptime of our service (Availability), and the protection of sensitive customer information (Confidentiality). We undergo a recurring independent SOC 2 Type II audit that tests the design and operating effectiveness of our controls over a defined review period.
| ● | Core Controls |
Role-based access, least privilege, multi-factor authentication (MFA) for privileged actions, network segmentation, encryption in transit and at rest through underlying cloud providers, key management, vulnerability management, secure software development life cycle (SDLC), change control, and documented incident response with tabletop exercises. No security or privacy program, including ours, can eliminate all risk, and we may experience security incidents despite these controls.
| ● | Testing and Assurance |
Independent penetration tests and periodic vulnerability assessments with tracked remediation. Disaster recovery testing validates recovery point and recovery time objectives for critical services.
| ● | Vendor Risk Management |
Subprocessors and critical suppliers undergo security reviews, contractual commitments, and ongoing monitoring. We maintain a current list of subprocessors and provide notice of material changes under our customer agreements.
Privacy and Data Protection Controls
We prioritize data minimization and offer comprehensive controls to safeguard privacy and ensure compliance:
| ● | Data Minimization and Controls |
Admins can configure redaction for sensitive fields, choose retention windows, and export or delete data at the tenant level. We expose access logs and administrative audit trails. Customer data is segregated by tenants with clear boundaries for partners that manage many accounts.
| ● | In certain deployments, particularly in healthcare and related verticals, conversation data may include electronic protected health information, or ePHI. In those cases, we generally act as a business associate to covered-entity customers under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, or HIPAA, and enter into business associate agreements, or BAAs, where appropriate. We offer configuration options, such as HIPAA-oriented redaction and retention controls, that are designed to help customers manage ePHI in line with their own policies and obligations. |
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| ● | Global Privacy Posture |
We design controls to help customers meet common obligations such as honoring data subject requests, maintaining records of processing, and managing retention.
| ● | Shared Responsibility |
Customers and partners define lawful purposes, notices, and consent practices, and they configure retention and redaction to match their policies. We provide the primitives and documentation to implement these choices.
Communications Compliance
Our platform includes features designed to help partners navigate complex communications regulations:
| ● | Consent and Outreach |
Templates include consent capture, proof storage, quiet hours, content checks, and do-not-contact enforcement that partners can configure by jurisdiction.
| ● | Caller ID and Labeling |
Support for caller ID attestation and number management intended to reduce spam labeling risk. We provide rate limits, cadence controls, and retry logic to align with carrier guidelines.
| ● | Recording and Disclosure |
Pre-connect and in-call prompts can be configured to meet jurisdictional needs. Recording can be disabled by policy or redacted for sensitive fields.
Payments Scope
When customers enable payments, Vida integrates with regulated providers such as Stripe and Chargebee. Payment credentials are handled by the provider. Only non-sensitive metadata and tokens enter our environment for reconciliation and reporting.
Resilience and Continuity
Our commitment to system resilience and continuity is intended to support high service availability and data integrity; however, no system is immune from outages or interruptions.
| ● | High Availability |
Services are deployed across multiple availability zones with automated failover. Critical components support horizontal scaling and backpressure to protect stability during spikes.
| ● | Backup and Recovery |
Backups are encrypted and tested on a scheduled cadence. Recovery procedures are documented and reviewed as part of disaster recovery exercises.
Government Regulation
Our business touches multiple regulated domains, including, but not limited to, communications, privacy and data protection, artificial intelligence, and payments. We design our systems to help customers operate within applicable laws and industry standards, and we continue to embed compliance primitives directly into product workflows.
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In providing our services, we may process personal data on behalf of our customers, depending on how they configure and use our platform. This personal data can include basic contact information (such as names, phone numbers, email addresses and business contact details), communication content and related metadata (such as call recordings and transcripts, voicemail, text messages, and timestamps), account and usage information (such as user IDs, roles and authentication data), and limited payment-related metadata and tokens used for reconciliation and reporting. We do not store, process, or transmit cardholder payment credentials, which are handled by our customers’ chosen payment providers.
When customers use our platform in regulated healthcare contexts, we may process protected health information (PHI) on their behalf. To support customers’ HIPAA compliance obligations where applicable, our platform includes features such as configurable recording and transcription settings, redaction of specified data elements from call recordings and transcripts, granular access controls, and detailed audit logs. Customers determine how to configure and use these controls in accordance with their own policies and regulatory requirements.
For certain customers, we enter into business associate agreements (BAAs) that govern our handling of PHI.
See the section titled “Risk Factors” for additional information regarding risks we face related to regulatory matters.
Communications and Telemarketing
Many of our deployments involve voice and messaging. Customers and partners that use those capabilities are subject to communications and consumer-contact rules that vary by jurisdiction.
| ● | Caller ID Authentication and Attestation |
In the United States, outbound voice traffic traverses STIR/SHAKEN, a set of technical protocols used by phone carriers to combat caller ID spoofing and reduce illegal robocalls. Our platform supports caller ID attestation patterns and routing that help customers maintain call reputation and reduce labeling risk. We provide controls for call cadence, retries, quiet hours, and number management.
| ● | Consent and Outreach |
Outreach and follow-up campaigns must account for consent collection, opt-in and opt-out, quiet hours, and content restrictions that can apply to calls and texts. Our workflow components include consent capture, proof storage, and policy checks prior to initiation of outreach.
| ● | Recording Disclosure |
When customers elect to record calls, disclosure requirements can vary by state or country. Our telephony layer provides configurable pre-connect and in-call disclosure prompts and supports disabling recording or redacting portions of recordings and transcripts based on customer policy. When enabled, call recordings and associated transcripts are stored in our cloud environment on behalf of customers, subject to configurable retention controls. Under our standard customer agreements, customers are responsible for determining whether and how to record calls, for providing any required disclosures or consents, and for complying with applicable call-recording and privacy laws, and we act as a service provider or processor with respect to those recordings. Recording storage, access controls, and retention settings fall within the same control framework evaluated under our SOC 2 audit.
| ● | Programmatic Safeguards |
We provide rate limiting, frequency caps, do-not-contact enforcement, and configurable retry logic to help customers align operations with applicable rules and carrier guidelines.
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Privacy and Data Protection
We process conversation data and business records on behalf of customers and partners. Our controls are designed to help customers meet common privacy and security obligations.
| ● | Privacy Regimes |
Customer deployments may be subject to United States federal and state privacy laws, as well as international regimes. We provide data redaction, retention controls, export tooling, and audit logs to support obligations such as honoring opt-outs, managing retention, and responding to data access requests.
| ● | Security Features |
Our platform offers role-based access controls, environment segregation, encryption in transit and at rest through underlying cloud providers, configurable data retention, and redaction of sensitive fields. These controls are covered by our SOC 2 program and evaluated annually.
| ● | Subprocessors and Transfers |
We perform vendor due diligence, security reviews, and data protection agreements for subprocessors that handle customer data. Vendors are monitored through risk ratings, contractual controls, and periodic reassessment.
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| ● | Customer Responsibilities |
Customers and partners are responsible for defining lawful purposes, providing required notices, and configuring retention and redaction consistent with their policies and obligations. We provide the primitives and administrative controls to implement those decisions.
Artificial Intelligence and Automated Interactions
Standards and expectations for responsible AI are evolving. We design supervisory and guardrail features that help customers adopt AI safely.
| ● | Model Orchestration and Oversight |
Our multi-LLM runtime uses workflow constraints, tool permissioning, guardrails, and fallback paths intended to reduce improper actions and hallucinations while optimizing for task success, latency, and cost. We log prompts, tool calls, and outcomes for auditability and quality review. Logging, access, and change management for these components are governed by our SOC 2 controls.
| ● | Consent and Transparency |
Our embeddable components support disclosure that the user is interacting with an automated agent, as well as easy escalation to a human or handoff to customer systems when required by customer policy.
| ● | Evaluation and QA |
Auto-QA and evaluations measure task performance and flag outliers for human review. Customers can set thresholds that trigger human-in-the-loop workflows.
| ● | Evolving Frameworks |
We monitor guidance applicable to AI-enabled communications and automated decision-making and continue to update product controls and documentation to reflect emerging rules and standards.
Payments and Financial Services
Some customers enable agents to take payments or initiate billing-related workflows. Our design uses regulated providers and minimizes our handling of payment credentials.
| ● | Use of Regulated Payment Providers |
When payments are enabled, we integrate with third-party providers, such as traditional processors, and can support certain alternative payment methods where configured by the customer and supported by their payments provider. We do not provide money transmission services. Vida does not receive, hold, or control customer funds.
| ● | Security and Scope |
Payment credentials are never stored, processed, or transmitted by Vida systems. We use provider-hosted payment pages and tokenization through providers such as Stripe and Chargebee. Only non-sensitive metadata and provider tokens enter our environment for reconciliation and reporting. As a result, we do not expect our core platform to be in scope for PCI DSS in most configurations; instead, we expect that PCI DSS obligations generally apply to the customer’s chosen payment provider and merchant account. However, the ultimate determination of PCI DSS scope depends on how our customers and partners implement and use our platform. We protect received metadata under our SOC 2 controls for access, transmission, and storage.
| ● | Customer Configuration |
Customers remain responsible for merchant account onboarding, chargeback handling, and compliance with network and processor rules. We provide workflow components that collect consent and store proof of authorization for recurring or card-on-file transactions when configured.
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International and Cross-Border Considerations
Our platform is used across regions with different consent, recording, and data transfer rules.
| ● | Regional Differences |
Recording disclosure, consent standards for outreach, and data residency expectations vary by country. We provide configuration options for recording prompts, opt-in methods, quiet hours, and data retention to support regional requirements.
| ● | Subprocessors and Transfers |
We rely on cloud providers and telecommunications partners to deliver service quality. We maintain contractual protections, conduct vendor diligence, and document data flows. Where cross-border transfers occur, we work with customers to implement appropriate transfer mechanisms consistent with our SOC 2 vendor management and monitoring program.
Our Compliance Approach
We build compliance into the product and pair it with internal processes.
| ● | Embedded Primitives |
Consent capture, caller ID attestation, disclosure prompts, redaction, audit logs, and policy checks are first-class features in our agent workflows.
| ● | Policy and Program |
We maintain security and privacy policies, conduct vendor diligence, and provide customers with administrative controls to implement their compliance choices. We have undergone an independent SOC 2 Type II examination. Our most recent audit covered the Security, Availability, and Confidentiality trust services criteria and included testing of controls for logical access, change management, systems operations, vendor management, incident response, data retention, and encryption. The audit tested design and operating effectiveness over a defined period for a Type II report.
| ● | Testing and Assurance |
We conduct independent penetration tests and vulnerability assessments on at least an annual basis and track remediation through our risk management process. We perform disaster recovery tests and tabletop exercises for incident response at least annually.
| ● | Training and Accountability |
We require security and privacy training for employees at onboarding and at least annually. We run periodic phishing simulations and role-specific training for personnel with elevated access.
| ● | Shared Responsibility |
Many requirements apply to how a customer uses the platform. We provide the tooling and documentation, while customers and partners determine lawful bases, configure policies, and manage their own record-keeping and notices.
Competition
We operate in a fast-moving market with several categories of competitors. We primarily compete on time to production, embedded integrations with a customer’s system of record, channel readiness for partners, and a compliance-first platform that scales from a single location to thousands of tenant accounts.
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UCaaS and CCaaS Platforms With AI Add-Ons
| ● | What They Offer: Voice, messaging, and contact center suites that increasingly bundle conversational AI features such as agent assist, call summarization, and virtual agents. These products are bundled into seat-based plans and are sold directly to business IT and operations teams. |
| ● | Limitations: In our experience, these suites are often not natively integrated into the vertical or horizontal business software that runs day-to-day work for most customers. Getting an agent to actually do work inside a CRM, scheduling system, or vertical SaaS still requires custom build effort, vendor-specific adapters, or professional services. Packaging for partners is limited, and most platforms are not designed for multi-tenant white-label distribution where a partner operates hundreds of end accounts. |
| ● | Why Vida May Be Selected: Our platform is not intended to replace our customers’ existing phone systems. We embed agents inside the software customers already use through our partner program, so agents arrive pre-integrated with data models, permissions, and workflows. Our usage and outcome-based packaging fits agent economics better than per-seat bundles, and our multi-tenant admin, pass-through billing, and white-label controls are built for partners who need to light up hundreds of accounts quickly. Our telephony primitives, consent capture, caller ID attestation, and SOC 2 controls support production grade deployments across many customer instances. |
No-code AI Voice Agent Builders Sold Direct to Business
| ● | What They Offer: Simple builders focused on letting a business stand up an agent quickly with a visual flow and hosted phone numbers. They market rapid time to first call and a lightweight admin experience. |
| ● | Limitations: Limited depth of integrations, limited observability and auto-QA at scale, and few controls for compliance and multi-tenant operations. These products work best for single brands running a small number of workflows, not for partners packaging agents into existing software or for enterprises orchestrating hundreds of agents. |
| ● | Why Vida May Be Selected: We deliver the depth needed for production: multi-LLM orchestration, omnichannel I-O, deeper CRM and scheduling connectors, auto-QA and evaluation, observability across many tenants, and policy controls. Partners can fully white-label Vida and ship agents as a native feature in their software, which removes the deployment friction that no-code tools leave to customers. |
Developer-first APIs and Components
| ● | What They Offer: APIs and SDKs for teams that want to assemble their own agent stack. Strengths include flexibility, low latency media pipelines, and choice of models. |
| ● | Limitations: These tools accelerate building blocks but leave orchestration, compliance, multi-tenant billing, carrier policies, consent capture, QA, dashboards, and channel packaging to the customer. That increases time to production and creates ongoing maintenance burden. They are not designed for channel distribution or white-label resale at scale. |
| ● | Why Vida May Be Selected: Vida is the platform layer above raw components. We abstract the plumbing that slows rollouts and we add the partner tooling that developer-first products do not include. Customers can still use preferred speech and model providers under our orchestration, while gaining multi-tenant administration, pass-through usage, outcome logging, and policy guardrails out of the box. |
Partner and White-label Voice Agent Platforms
| ● | What They Offer: Branded AI call solutions that let agencies stand up phone agents for many clients with minimal code. Emphasis is on speed and packaging for resellers. |
| ● | Limitations: Focus is often primarily on voice, with more limited depth on enterprise controls, compliance primitives, or complex data integrations. Many lack true multi-LLM orchestration, omnichannel coverage, granular usage billing primitives, or the admin and observability surface required by larger software vendors and MSPs. |
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| ● | Why Vida May Be Selected: Vida was built for partners from day one. We combine white-label controls with enterprise-grade observability, evaluation, consent, caller ID attestation, audit trails, and SOC 2 controls. Most importantly, our strategy is to embed directly into the partner’s product so the agent ships inside the customer’s existing software. For example, releasing an agent as a native tab or workflow inside a vertical SaaS application means the agent is pre-integrated with jobs, schedules, and permissions on day one. We believe this approach can produce better outcomes than a stand-alone voice tool connected through brittle webhooks. |
DIY In-House Builds
| ● | What They Offer: Full control with the potential to tailor every component. |
| ● | Limitations: Significant engineering lift, long time to market, and a permanent maintenance burden. Teams must handle compliance guardrails, consent and recording policies, model selection and evaluation, multi-tenant administration, carrier policy changes, and usage-based billing across channels. |
| ● | Why Vida May Be Selected: Vida is designed to help compress months of engineering effort into a much shorter deployment timeline and provides an operating system that continues to evolve as models, carriers, and regulations change. Our channel model lets software vendors and service providers convert agents into a product line with immediate pass-through usage and revenue share, rather than building and maintaining a platform. |
Competitive Advantages
The following factors distinguish us from our competitors and provide us with what we believe are competitive advantages:
| 1. | Integration Where Work Happens |
The largest share of agent value is unlocked when agents are integrated directly into the software a business already uses. Our partner-embedded model makes that the default.
| 2. | Built for Partners |
Multi-tenant admin, white-label, pass-through usage and outcomes, and SKU controls are first class. Partners can package and price agents like any other feature and roll out to entire installed bases.
| 3. | Production Reliability and Compliance |
Multi-LLM orchestration, evaluation and auto-QA, consent capture, recording controls, caller ID attestation, audit trails, and SOC 2 controls are built in.
| 4. | Time to Value |
Prebuilt templates for reception, lead follow-up, confirmations, CRM hygiene, and payments shorten deployment from months to days.
| 5. | Economics That Map to Agents |
Usage and outcome-based pricing aligns cost with value and scales across many tenant accounts without seat inflation.
| 6. | Omnichannel Footprint |
Voice, SMS, email, and web chat operate under a single runtime and policy framework so customers can deploy coordinated agents across touchpoints.
Customers and Ecosystem
We serve three primary customer types that work together to bring agents into real business workflows: Vendors, Service Providers, and End Businesses. Our platform, packaging, and partner programs are designed so each type can deliver agents quickly, sell through existing channels, and prove value with measurable outcomes such as recovered calls, booked appointments, completed follow-ups, and cleaner CRM data.
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Vendors
| ● | Who They Are: Horizontal and vertical software companies that run critical workflows for their customers. Examples include CRMs in home services, industry-specific booking platforms, dispatch and logistics systems, practice and patient management systems, and SMB suites with embedded communications. |
| ● | Who They Sell To: Large installed bases of small and midsize businesses, as well as mid-market and enterprise divisions that live inside the vendor’s product daily. |
| ● | How They Use Vida: Vendors embed Vida agents directly into their applications so the agent becomes a native feature that “just works” with the vendor’s data model, permissions, and UX. |
| ● | Why This Works: Embedding inside the vendor’s product removes integration friction for the end customer, drives higher adoption across the vendor’s installed base, and creates a new recurring revenue line for the vendor with pass-through usage and revenue share. |
| ● | What Vida Provides: Multi-tenant administration, white-label branding, embeddable components, usage and outcome SKUs, and partner analytics. Vendors can roll out agents to thousands of customer accounts with no custom builds. |
Service Providers
| ● | Who They Are: Managed service providers, telecom advisors and technology agents, UCaaS and CCaaS resellers, and industry-focused IT consultancies that already sell communications, software, and integration services. |
| ● | Who They Sell To: End businesses across local and regional markets, often in the same verticals where they already manage phones, connectivity, and software setup. Many have hundreds of paying clients and recurring monthly relationships. |
| ● | How They Use Vida: Service Providers package white-labeled agents that slot into existing communications and business systems. They manage provisioning, consent and disclosure settings, call flows, and analytics across many tenants. |
| ● | Why This Works: Service Providers already own the last-mile relationship. Vida gives them the tooling to productize agents quickly, monetize usage, and manage compliance and observability at scale. |
| ● | What Vida Provides: Full white-label, number management, caller ID attestation support, consent and recording controls, multi-tenant dashboards, pass-through billing, and templates for reception, lead follow-up, reminders, and CRM hygiene. |
End Businesses
| ● | Who They Are: The businesses that rely on calls, messages, and scheduling to drive revenue and customer experience. Examples include home services contractors, moving and logistics companies, healthcare and insurance enrollment teams, professional services firms, and appointment-driven retail. |
| ● | Who They Sell To: Consumers and commercial customers in local markets. Volume is often variable by season, campaign, or staffing level, which increases the value of always-on agents. |
| ● | How They Use Vida: End Businesses deploy agents to answer every call, route and qualify leads, schedule appointments, send confirmations and reminders, follow up on missed calls, update the CRM, and take payments through their chosen provider. Most implementations are delivered by a Vendor or Service Provider so the agent is already integrated with the systems of record. |
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| ● | Why This Works: Agents are available 24x7, scale to peak demand, and work inside the customer’s existing software. The result is higher conversion, cleaner data, and a better experience without adding headcount. |
| ● | What Vida Provides: Production-ready templates, omnichannel I/O, analytics and auto-QA, audit trails, SOC 2 controls, and usage-based packaging that maps cost to value. Customers can start with one workflow and expand to many agents over time. |
How the Ecosystem Fits Together
| ● | Vendors create native agent products that reach entire installed bases with zero-integration deployments for end customers. |
| ● | Service Providers package and operate agents across many accounts with white-label branding, compliance controls, and pass-through usage. |
| ● | End Businesses realize value quickly because the agent arrives integrated with the systems they already use. |
This ecosystem design compounds distribution and retention. Vendors gain new revenue lines and stickier products, Service Providers expand wallet share and recurring usage, and End Businesses get software that does the work from day one.
Sales and Marketing
Our marketing strategy is designed to generate efficient, scalable demand by combining AI-driven inbound engagement, channel enablement, and data-backed content marketing.
We utilize our proprietary AI agent, Alice, to triage inbound inquiries across voice, text, email, and web chat—qualifying leads, scheduling follow-ups, and routing prospects to the appropriate teams in real-time. We believe this helps improve conversion efficiency and demonstrates Vida’s platform capabilities at scale.
We extend our reach through a partner-enablement program that provides resellers and integration partners with white-label assets, co-marketing campaigns, and deployment templates. These initiatives accelerate go-to-market velocity and embed Vida within broader technology ecosystems.
Our content marketing emphasizes measurable business outcomes, sharing case studies and customer use cases that highlight gains in missed-call recovery, scheduling, and lead conversion.
We supplement traditional digital marketing with nontraditional campaigns and targeted media sponsorships aimed at audiences shaping the AI-infrastructure and automation markets.
Finally, we execute a comprehensive SEO and discoverability strategy that accounts for evolving search behaviors, including retrieval via large language models (LLMs) and Google’s updated results architecture. By structuring content semantically and optimizing for both human and AI-driven discovery, we aim to maintain visibility as search paradigms shift.
Together, these programs form a marketing engine that is product-led, partner-amplified, and increasingly automated—supporting sustainable growth and improving customer acquisition efficiency over time.
Research and Development
Our approach to research and development is simple: make agents that do real work, reliably, at scale. We invest in orchestration, reliability, observability, and the integrations that tie agents to a customer’s system of record. Over the near term, we intend to focus our efforts on three core pillars while opening selective new surface areas that we believe can compound partner value. There can be no assurance that we will complete these initiatives within this timeframe or at all.
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Pillar 1: Orchestration That Unlocks Harder Work
Today
Our multi-LLM runtime routes tasks across specialized models and tools, supervises calls and messages with guardrails, and records every step for auditability. Evaluation and auto-QA score outcomes and surface drift. Partners get controls to tune workflows without writing code.
Near Term
| ● | Continuous Background Alignment. We are developing a pattern where a background “thinking model” continuously evaluates the live agent’s state against task goals, policy, and context, then issues alignment directives in real time. The foreground agent can be lighter and faster while still handling complex tasks. |
| ● | We believe potential benefits may include higher task completion rates, lower latency variance, and better cost profiles. |
| ● | Hierarchical tool plans. The runtime will plan multi-step tool use with checkpoints and reversible actions, enabling agents to complete longer business processes such as quote creation, case resolution, and collections workflows. |
| ● | Policy-aware routing. Routing will consider data handling rules, geography, and customer policies along with price and latency so the system can choose models and tools that satisfy both performance and compliance objectives. |
Pillar 2: Reliability, Safety, and Governance at Scale
Today
Consent capture, recording disclosures, caller ID attestation, rate limiting, quiet hours, audit logs, and redaction are first-class features. Our SOC 2 program covers access, change management, incident response, and vendor management. Auto-QA flags outliers for review.
Near Term
| ● | Agent SLOs. We intend to publish target service levels for task success, latency bands, and handoff rates, with tenant-level dashboards and alerting. |
| ● | Guardrail policy engine. Declarative rules that constrain tools, data fields, tone, and escalation behavior by jurisdiction and brand. Rules are versioned and testable before rollout. |
| ● | Fail-safe patterns. Expanded human-in-the-loop triggers and structured handoffs to customer systems when thresholds are breached. |
| ● | Security program depth. Broader coverage under our SOC 2 controls, at least annual independent penetration tests and vulnerability assessments, annual disaster recovery exercises, and vendor risk automation. |
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Pillar 3: Integrations and Surfaces That Meet Customers Where They Work
Today
We ship connectors for leading CRMs, schedulers, ticketing, and payments providers, along with embeddable components and white-label controls so vendors can productize agents inside their apps.
Near Term
| ● | Integration factory. A standardized path to add and certify new connectors with schema mapping, data quality checks, and monitoring. Partners can request and co-fund connectors that unlock their verticals. |
| ● | Workflow templates. Ready-to-run packages for reception, lead follow-up, confirmations, rescheduling, early-stage collections outreach, post-service outreach, and CRM hygiene. Templates ship with default policies, consent prompts, and QA tests. |
| ● | Omnichannel parity. Feature parity across voice, SMS, email, and web chat so the same business logic applies across channels and can be measured in one place. |
| ● | Partner analytics. Multi-tenant analytics for attach, usage, outcomes, and churn risk, designed for vendors and service providers that operate large installed bases. |
Intellectual Property
Trade secrets and contracts
We rely on trade secrets and strong contracts to protect our agent runtime, orchestration methods, integrations, observability, and usage and outcome metering. Access is limited by role, repositories are segmented, and production secrets are managed under our SOC 2 program. All employees and contractors sign confidentiality and invention assignment agreements.
Patents
We have one U.S. utility patent application on file that covers a voice agent that registers with PBX systems via SIP to operate as a first class extension or trunk, manage inbound and outbound calls, and log outcomes with policy aware recording and routing.
Copyrights and trademarks
We have no registrations on file today. We claim common law rights in our brand and product names and will pursue registrations as we scale.
Licensing posture
We license commercial technology for models, speech, telephony, and payments on standard terms. Our customer and partner agreements preserve Vida ownership of platform IP and partner ownership of their data and marks.
This approach gives us practical protection for core technology while we grow distribution and embed agents across partner ecosystems.
Human Capital
We run a lean, accountable organization. We believe many companies wait until later stages to pursue public offerings. Our goal is to demonstrate that it can be possible at an earlier stage, with an emphasis on product performance, strong controls, and disciplined execution.
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We operate with an “AI-first” approach, using our own platform across the business to automate reception and follow up, QA and reporting, and parts of engineering and go to market operations. This lets a small team deliver outsized results and stay focused on reliability, partner outcomes, and speed.
We hire for judgment, pace, and the ability to work across functions. Training covers regulated communications and privacy practices, security and SOC 2 controls, and partner success playbooks.
Facilities
We operate a distributed and remote model. Our infrastructure is cloud-based and designed for high availability across geographies. We may add physical space as sales, partner operations, and R&D scale.
Legal Proceedings
From time to time we may be subject to claims, investigations, or proceedings related to intellectual property, communications practices, data privacy, or contract matters. We are not presently a party to any litigation that, if determined adversely, we believe would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition.
Key Metrics
We intend to manage our business using a small set of key operational metrics, which we use primarily for internal planning and decision-making. From time to time, we may elect to disclose some or all of these metrics in our public filings or other public communications, but we are not obligated to do so, and investors should not expect that we will report these metrics for every period. These metrics are operational in nature, are not measurements prepared in accordance with GAAP, and we expect to refine their definitions, measurement and calculation methodologies over time as our business evolves. We may revise, add, or discontinue these metrics in the future as our business evolves.
| ● | Agents deployed and active agents by channel and workflow. |
| ● | Consumption units such as minutes, messages, and completed actions. |
| ● | Gross margin driven by model and telephony efficiency and non-usage add-ons. |
| ● | Partner-attached revenue and direct enterprise revenue. |
| ● | Time to value in days from contract to production. |
Seasonality and Cyclicality
Our revenue is primarily usage driven, which ties results to end customer activity levels rather than to fixed seats. As a result, we may experience variability across quarters and within quarters.
| ● | Customer procurement and budgeting. Many vendors and service providers align purchasing with annual or semiannual budgets. We may see higher bookings in quarters when customers finalize budgets, complete annual renewals, or roll out new product bundles. |
| ● | End market activity cycles. Agent usage often mirrors activity in the verticals we serve. Examples include home services volumes that rise in warm months, logistics and moving peaks around late spring and summer, retail and personal services that lift in the holiday period, and healthcare or insurance outreach that increases during open enrollment windows. Weather events and local campaigns can also create short bursts of volume. |
| ● | Calendar and day mix. Missed-call recovery, scheduling, and follow-up volumes vary by day of week and time of day. Holidays, school calendars, and tax season can change contact rates, which affects minutes, messages, and completed actions. |
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| ● | Partner release cadence. Vendors and service providers ship features and bundles on their own schedules. When a partner launches an embedded agent or expands a template across a large installed base, we may see step-ups in usage. Likewise, partner slowdowns or product freezes can delay expansions. |
| ● | Carrier and policy dynamics. Changes in carrier policies, registration requirements, or call labeling rules can temporarily affect outreach levels or phone number management until customers update configurations. |
| ● | International and regional patterns. Regional holidays, local business hours, and regulatory windows can shift usage across geographies, especially for partners with multi-country footprints. |
| ● | Net effect. Because our packaging is tied to minutes, messages, and completed actions, revenue tends to correlate with operational volumes in our customers’ businesses. Seat reductions or hiring freezes at customers typically have less direct effect on our usage than they would on seat-based software, while campaign intensity, seasonality in bookings, and partner launches have a larger effect. |
| ● | How we manage variability. We plan capacity for peak periods, sequence partner rollouts, and provide templates that can be activated quickly to capture seasonal demand. Our pricing and cost structure scale with usage, which helps protect gross margin through periods of higher or lower activity. |
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Our Executive Officers and Board of Directors
The following table sets forth the names, ages and positions of our directors and executive officers as of the date of this prospectus.
| Name | Age | Position | ||
| Lyle Pratt | 41 | Chief Executive Officer and Director | ||
| Brandon Robinson | 41 | Chief Operating Officer | ||
| Timothy Noah Hayes | 43 | Chief Product Officer and Director | ||
| Jordan Gadapee | 44 | Chief Marketing Officer | ||
| Mark Lilien | 39 | Chief Technology Officer | ||
| Christopher Calicott | 54 | Director | ||
Henry S. Romaine Jr. |
61 | Director | ||
| Alan Braverman | 53 | Director |
Executive Officers
Lyle Pratt is the founder of our Company and has served as our Chief Executive Officer and a director since March 2022. Mr. Pratt is an investor, programmer, and entrepreneur and has more than 15 years of leadership experience and product strategy expertise in the telecommunications sector. In 2010, he founded BetterVoice.com, a cloud communications platform, which was acquired by Inteliquent, Inc., a communications enabler offering network-based voice and messaging services (formerly NASDAQ: IQNT) (“Inteliquent”) in 2016. From February 2019 to March 2022, Mr. Pratt was Vice President of Strategy at Inteliquent, which was subsequently acquired by Sinch AB, a global leader in messaging and voice products. Prior to that, from November 2017 to February 2019, he was Vice President of Product at Inteliquent. Since November 2020, Mr. Pratt has served as a Limited Partner and Advisor at Trammell Venture Partners, a venture capital firm focused on investing in Bitcoin-native and applied AI companies. Mr. Pratt received a B.S. in Business Economics, a M.S. in Engineering & Technology Management and a M.B.A. in Finance from Louisiana Tech University. We believe that Mr. Pratt is qualified to serve on our Board based on his knowledge of day-to-day management and operations, leadership experience, prior successful company exit, and deep product strategy expertise.
Brandon Robinson is a co-founder of our Company and has served as our Chief Operating Officer since July 2022. Mr. Robinson is an accomplished technology executive with more than 19 years of engineering and product leadership experience, primarily in the telecommunications sector. From February 2022 to July 2022, he served as Vice President of Cloud Voice Development at Sinch AB, a global leader in messaging and voice products. Prior to that, from April 2020 to February 2022, he served as Vice President of Product Development at Inteliquent. Throughout his career, Mr. Robinson has developed large-scale platforms and successfully launched products across the carrier, enterprise, and SMB sectors. He was an early employee at Broadvox, a nationwide service provider, which was acquired by Inteliquent, now known as Sinch AB, in 2015. Mr. Robinson received an Associates Applied Science degree in Computer Networking from the ITT Technical Institute.
Noah Hayes is a co-founder of our Company and has served as our Chief Product Officer and a director since August 2022. Mr. Hayes is an experienced product leader and technology executive with extensive experience in enterprise SaaS, big data, and AI. From July 2020 to July 2022, Mr. Hayes was Head of Product at XXV Inc., a Y Combinator-backed company developing software for desktop-automation. Prior to that, he co-founded Radius Intelligence, Inc., a B2B data intelligence and customer data platform (“Radius Intelligence”), and helped grow the company from a three-person startup to more than 300 employees and tens of millions of dollars in revenue in just seven years, culminating in its acquisition by Kabbage. Mr. Hayes also co-founded Pluto Health, a venture-funded digital health platform that aggregates patient health records for the pharmaceutical and healthcare industries. He previously served as Entrepreneur in Residence at Gradient Ventures, Google’s AI-focused venture capital fund. Mr. Hayes received a B.A. in Marketing from Louisiana Tech University. We believe that Mr. Hayes is qualified to serve on our Board given his track record scaling enterprise SaaS and AI businesses, product leadership experience, and prior founder and investor roles.
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Jordan Gadapee has served as Chief Marketing Officer of our Company since October 2025. Mr. Gadapee is a seasoned software executive with more than 15 years of experience spanning SaaS growth, product strategy, and brand development. From January 2023 to July 2025, Mr. Gadapee served as Chief Product Officer at Inunity, LLC, a software acquisition company (“Inunity”). During this period, he oversaw brand and product development initiatives for a portfolio of communication platforms, including the flagship products Textline and Textedly. In this capacity, Mr. Gadapee also played a critical role in assessing, integrating, and operationalizing Inunity’s software acquisitions. Before that, from February 2018 to December 2022, Mr. Gadapee served as Chief Product Officer and Chief Brand Officer at Textline, Inc., a text-based communication platform for enterprise businesses (“Textline”). During his tenure, Mr. Gadapee led the development of one of the industry’s first HIPAA-compliant SMS solutions to meet unprecedented communication demands during a global pandemic. He further guided the company’s brand-led, customer-first scaling efforts from early-stage growth through its eventual acquisition by Inunity. Before joining Textline, Mr. Gadapee was an early-stage employee at Radius Intelligence, where he contributed to foundational branding, marketing, and product initiatives. Prior to his work in industry, Mr. Gadapee held academic appointments, including serving as a tenure-track Assistant Professor of Design at Illinois State University, where, in addition to teaching and research responsibilities, he co-authored a significant curriculum modernization effort focused on software and mobile technologies. Mr. Gadapee also served as an Assistant Professor at the University of Iowa, where he co-wrote curriculum updates centered on web technologies and co-founded Donate Design, a nonprofit, student-run design studio. Mr. Gadapee received a B.F.A. in Graphic Design from Louisiana Tech University and both an M.A. and an M.F.A. in Graphic Design from the University of Iowa.
Mark Lilien has served as Chief Technology Officer of our Company since October 2025. Mr. Lilien is a seasoned software engineer with over fifteen years of experience leading the design, development, and scaling of SaaS platforms. Before joining our Company, he served as Chief Technology Officer at Inunity, overseeing engineering teams across multiple products and driving platform-wide architectural improvements. Previously, Mr. Lilien co-founded Textline, a communications platform that spearheaded the industry for a number of features including the first patented HIPAA-compliant SMS, one-of-a-kind compliant free-trial systems, and the industry’s first group-based business texting feature. Mr. Lilien helped grow Textline from inception to acquisition. Prior to co-founding Textline, Mr. Lilien was an early-stage engineer at Radius Intelligence. Radius Intelligence was acquired by Kabbage (later acquired by American Express). With deep expertise in full-stack development, systems architecture, and technical leadership, Mr. Lilien specializes in building reliable, scalable software that supports business growth and operational excellence. He is committed to fostering collaborative engineering cultures and implementing processes that enhance product quality and team performance. Mr. Lilien received a Bachelors in Computer Science from Washington University, St. Louis.
Directors
Christopher Calicott has served as Chairman of the Board of the Company since October 2025 and as a director since August 2025. He previously served as a board observer from April 2023 to August 2025. Mr. Calicott co-founded and has been the Managing Director of Trammell Venture Partners, a venture capital firm focused on investing in Bitcoin-native and applied AI companies, since August 2016. Mr. Calicott serves on the board of directors and the compensation and the nominating and corporate governance committees of Payward, Inc., the parent company of Kraken, on the board of directors of Voltage, Inc., and as a board observer of Unchained Capital, Inc. From 2016 to 2022, he served on the board of directors of StyleSage, Inc., until its acquisition in October 2022. Mr. Calicott was a founding board member of the Texas Blockchain Council and served on the State of Texas Work Group on Blockchain Matters, where he led the financial services committee. Mr. Calicott received a B.A. in French with an emphasis in Business and Economics from the University of Nevada, Las Vegas and an International M.B.A. from IE Business School. We believe that Mr. Calicott is qualified to serve on our Board due to his venture capital expertise and significant board experience in the technology sector.
Henry S. Romaine Jr. has served as a director of the Company since January 2026. Mr. Romaine is the founder of HSR Advisory, LLC, a CFO services company, where he has provided fractional and full-time CFO services to search fund operating businesses, bitcoin businesses and growth-stage investor-backed ventures since July 2015. He has nearly four decades of experience as a finance professional, including twenty years serving as CFO of private investor-backed growth companies across a range of industries, and twelve years of investment banking experience, including dozens of public securities offerings and public company mergers and acquisitions transactions. Earlier in his career, Mr. Romaine co-founded and served as Financial and Operations Principal of BOVARO Partners, a FINRA-registered broker-dealer. Mr. Romaine has served as full-time CFO for eight private businesses and has led businesses through capital raises and audits. Mr. Romaine holds a B.A. in Economics from Middlebury College and an M.B.A. in Finance and Accounting from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. We believe that Mr. Romaine is qualified to serve on our Board due to his extensive financial leadership experience, deep expertise in accounting and capital markets, and long track record advising growth-stage companies and their boards.
Alan Braverman has served as a director of the Company since January 2026. Mr. Braverman is the founder and Chief Technology Officer of Braverware, a software development company, where he has served since January 2023. From March 2016 to December 2022, Mr. Braverman co-founded and served as a Chief Executive Officer of Textline. Since 2016, Mr. Braverman has served on the board of directors of Textline. He has also served on the board of directors of Pantheon Sports since 2023 and the board of directors and compensation committee of Nightingale Security since 2022. Mr. Braverman holds a B.S. in Computer Science from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. We believe that Mr. Braverman is qualified to serve on our Board due to his extensive software development leadership experience and board experience.
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Election of Officers
Each executive officer serves at the discretion of our board of directors and holds office until his or her successor is duly appointed or until his or her earlier resignation or removal. Mr. Pratt, our Chief Executive Officer, and Mr. Gadapee, our Chief Marketing Officer, are brothers-in-law. There are no other family relationships among any of our directors or executive officers.
Composition of our Board of Directors
Our board of directors currently consists of 5 directors.
Immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws will provide that our board of directors will be divided into three classes, as nearly equal in number as possible, with the directors in each class serving for a three-year term, and one class being elected each year by our stockholders. Our current directors will be divided among the three classes as follows:
| ● |
the Class I directors will be Henry S. Romaine Jr. and Alan Braverman, and their initial terms will expire at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2027; | |
| ● | the Class II director will be Timothy Noah Hayes, and his initial term will expire at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2028; and | |
| ● | the Class III directors will be Christopher Calicott and Lyle Pratt, and their initial terms will expire at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2029. |
Each director’s term will continue until the election and qualification of his or her successor, or his or her earlier death, disqualification, resignation or removal. Any increase or decrease in the number of directors will be distributed evenly among the three classes so that each class will consist of as near an equal number of directors as possible. This classification of our board of directors may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of our Company. See the section titled “Description of Capital Stock-Anti-Takeover Provisions-Classified Board of Directors.”
Director Independence
Prior to the completion of this offering, our board of directors undertook a review of the independence of our directors and considered whether any director has a material relationship with us that could compromise that director’s ability to exercise independent judgment in carrying out that director’s responsibilities. Our board of directors has affirmatively determined that Henry S. Romaine Jr., Christopher Calicott and Alan Braverman are each an “independent director,” as defined under the Exchange Act and the rules of NYSE American. In making these determinations, our board of directors considered the current and prior relationships that each director has with our Company and all other facts and circumstances our board of directors deemed relevant in determining their independence, including the beneficial ownership of our capital stock by each director, and the transactions involving them, if any, described in the section titled “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions.”
Background and Experience of Directors
Upon completion of this offering, our nominating and corporate governance committee will be responsible for reviewing with our board of directors, on an annual basis, the appropriate characteristics, skills and experience required for the board of directors as a whole and its individual members. In evaluating the suitability of individual candidates (both new candidates and current members), the nominating and corporate governance committee, in recommending candidates for election, and the board of directors, in approving (and, in the case of vacancies, appointing) such candidates, will take into account many factors, including the following:
| ● | personal and professional integrity; |
| ● | ethics and values; |
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| ● | experience in corporate management, such as serving as an officer or former officer of a publicly held company; |
| ● | experience in the industries in which we compete; |
| ● | experience as a board member or executive officer of another publicly held company; |
| ● | diversity of background and expertise and experience in substantive matters pertaining to our business relative to other board members; |
| ● | conflicts of interest; and |
| ● | practical and mature business judgment. |
Board Committees
Our board of directors will establish an audit committee, a compensation committee and a nominating and corporate governance committee. The composition and responsibilities of each committee are described below. Our board of directors may also establish from time to time any other committees that it deems necessary or desirable. Members serve on these committees until their resignation or until otherwise determined by our board of directors.
Audit Committee
Upon completion of this offering, our audit committee will consist of Henry S. Romaine Jr., Christopher Calicott and Alan Braverman, with Henry S. Romaine Jr. serving as chair. Our audit committee will be responsible for, among other things:
| ● | selecting and hiring our independent auditors, and approving the audit and non-audit services to be performed by our independent auditors; |
| ● | assisting the board of directors in evaluating the qualifications, performance and independence of our independent auditors; |
| ● | assisting the board of directors in monitoring the quality and integrity of our financial statements and our accounting and financial reporting; |
| ● | assisting the board of directors in monitoring our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements; |
| ● | reviewing with management and our independent auditors the adequacy and effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting processes; |
| ● | assisting the board of directors in monitoring the performance of our internal audit function; |
| ● | reviewing with management and our independent auditors our annual and quarterly financial statements; |
| ● | reviewing and overseeing all transactions between us and a related person for which review or oversight is required by applicable law or that are required to be disclosed in our financial statements or SEC filings, and developing policies and procedures for the committee’s review, approval and/or ratification of such transactions; |
| ● | establishing procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received by us regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters and the confidential, anonymous submission by our employees of concerns regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters; and |
| ● | preparing the audit committee report that the rules and regulations of the SEC require to be included in our annual proxy statement. |
The SEC rules and NYSE American rules require us to have one independent audit committee member upon the listing of our Class A common stock on NYSE American, a majority of independent directors within 90 days of the effective date of the registration statement and all independent audit committee members within one year of the effective date of the registration statement. Henry S. Romaine Jr., Christopher Calicott and Alan Braverman qualify as independent directors for purposes of serving on the audit committee under the corporate governance standards of NYSE American and the independence requirements of Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act. Each member of our audit committee also meets the financial literacy requirements of NYSE American listing standards. In addition, our board of directors has determined that Henry S. Romaine Jr. will qualify as an “audit committee financial expert,” as such term is defined in Item 407(d)(5) of Regulation S-K. Our board of directors will adopt a written charter for the audit committee, which will be available on our corporate website at https://vida.io/, substantially concurrently with the completion of this offering. The information on our website is deemed not to be incorporated in this prospectus or to be part of this prospectus.
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Compensation Committee
Upon completion of this offering, our compensation committee will consist of Christopher Calicott and Alan Braverman, with Christopher Calicott serving as chair. The compensation committee will be responsible for, among other things:
| ● | reviewing and approving corporate goals and objectives relevant to the compensation of our Chief Executive Officer, evaluating our Chief Executive Officer’s performance in light of those goals and objectives, and, either as a committee or together with the other independent directors (as directed by the board of directors), determining and approving our Chief Executive Officer’s compensation level based on such evaluation; |
| ● | reviewing and approving, or making recommendations to the board of directors with respect to, the compensation of our other executive officers, including annual base salary, bonus and equity-based incentives and other benefits; |
| ● | reviewing and recommending to the board of directors the compensation of our directors; |
| ● | appointing and overseeing any compensation consultants; |
| ● | if required, reviewing and discussing with management our “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” disclosure required by SEC rules; |
| ● | preparing the compensation committee report required by the SEC to be included in our annual proxy statement; and |
| ● | reviewing and making recommendations with respect to our equity and equity-based compensation plans. |
Our board of directors has determined that Henry S. Romaine Jr., Christopher Calicott and Alan Braverman meet the definition of “independent director” for purposes of serving on the compensation committee under NYSE American rules, including the heightened independence standards for members of a compensation committee, and are “non-employee directors” as defined in Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act. Our board of directors will adopt a written charter for the compensation committee, which will be available on our corporate website at https://vida.io/, substantially concurrently with the completion of this offering. The information on our website is deemed not to be incorporated in this prospectus or to be part of this prospectus.
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
Upon completion of this offering, our nominating and corporate governance committee will consist of Henry S. Romaine Jr., Christopher Calicott and Alan Braverman, with Alan Braverman serving as chair. The nominating and corporate governance committee will be responsible for, among other things:
| ● | assisting our board of directors in identifying prospective director nominees and recommending nominees to the board of directors; |
| ● | overseeing the evaluation of the board of directors and management; |
| ● | reviewing developments in corporate governance practices and developing and recommending a set of corporate governance guidelines; and |
| ● | recommending members for each committee of our board of directors. |
Our board of directors has determined that Henry S. Romaine Jr., Christopher Calicott and Alan Braverman meet the definition of “independent director” for purposes of serving on the nominating and corporate governance committee under NYSE American rules. Our board of directors will adopt a written charter for the nominating and corporate governance committee, which will be available on our corporate website at https://vida.io/, substantially concurrently with the completion of this offering. The information on our website is deemed not to be incorporated in this prospectus or to be part of this prospectus.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
None of the members of our compensation committee will have at any time been one of our executive officers or employees. None of our executive officers currently serves, or has served during the last completed fiscal year, as a member of the board of directors or compensation committee (or other committee performing equivalent functions) of any entity that has one or more of its executive officers serving on our board of directors or compensation committee.
Code of Ethics
Prior to the completion of this offering, we will adopt a written code of business conduct and ethics that applies to all of our officers, directors and employees, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions, which will be posted on our website, https://vida.io/. Our code of business conduct and ethics is a “code of ethics,” as defined in Item 406(b) of Regulation S-K. We will make any legally required disclosures regarding amendments to, or waivers of, provisions of the code on our website. The information on our website is deemed not to be incorporated in this prospectus or to be part of this prospectus.
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EXECUTIVE AND DIRECTOR COMPENSATION
We are currently considered an “emerging growth company” within the meaning of the Securities Act for purposes of the SEC’s executive compensation disclosure rules. Accordingly, we are required to provide a Summary Compensation Table and an Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End Table, as well as limited narrative disclosures regarding executive compensation for our last completed fiscal year. Further, our reporting obligations extend only to the following “Named Executive Officers,” which are the individuals who served as principal executive officer and the next two most highly compensated executive officers at the end of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 (the “2025 Fiscal Year”).
Our named executive officers for the 2025 Fiscal Year, which consist of our Chief Executive Officer and our two other most highly compensated executive officers who were serving as executive officers as of December 31, 2025, are as follows:
| ● | Lyle Pratt, Chief Executive Officer; | |
| ● | Brandon Robinson, Chief Operating Officer; and | |
| ● | Timothy Noah Hayes, Chief Product Officer. |
Summary Compensation Table
The following table summarizes the compensation awarded to, earned by or paid to our Named Executive Officers for the 2025 Fiscal Year and does not reflect the stock split which will occur prior to the closing of this offering.
Summary Compensation Table
| Name and Principal Position | Year | Salary ($) | Bonus ($) | Stock Awards ($) | Option Awards ($) | Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation ($) | All Other Compensation ($) | Total ($) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Lyle Pratt | 2025 | 180,000 | (1) | – | – | – | – | – | 180,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chief Executive Officer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Brandon Robinson | 2025 | 205,000 | (2) | 84,980 | (3) | 347,455.43 | (4) | – | – | – | 637,435.43 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Chief Operating Officer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Timothy Noah Hayes | 2025 | 205,000 | (5) | 118,583 | (6) | 347,455.43 | (7) | – | – | – | 671,038.43 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Chief Product Officer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | Effective January 1, 2026, Mr. Pratt’s annual base salary increased to $300,000. |
| (2) | Mr. Robinson’s annual base salary was $180,000 through September 30, 2025. Effective October 1, 2025, Mr. Robinson’s annual base salary was increased to $280,000. |
| (3) | Such amount was paid to Mr. Robinson to cover his tax liability associated with the issuance of new shares as compensation described under the header “— Founder Stock Reallocation.” |
| (4) | Such amount reflects the issuance of 160,792 new shares to Mr. Robinson as compensation described under the header “— Founder Stock Reallocation,” 23,450 of which are still subject to time-based service vesting conditions. The aggregate grant-date fair value of the stock awards was computed in accordance with ASC Topic 718. See Note 2 to our financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for the assumptions used in calculating the fair value of these awards. |
| (5) | Mr. Hayes’ annual base salary was $180,000 through September 30, 2025. Effective October 1, 2025, Mr. Hayes’ annual base salary was increased to $280,000. |
| (6) | Such amount was paid to Mr. Hayes to cover his tax liability associated with the issuance of new shares as compensation described under the header “— Founder Stock Reallocation.” |
| (7) | Such amount reflects the issuance of 160,792 new shares to Mr. Hayes as compensation described under the header “— Founder Stock Reallocation,” 23,450 of which are still subject to time-based service vesting conditions. The aggregate grant-date fair value of the stock awards was computed in accordance with ASC Topic 718. See Note 2 to our financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for the assumptions used in calculating the fair value of these awards. |
Employment Agreements
Lyle Pratt — Offer of Employment Letter
On December 18, 2025, we entered into an offer letter with Lyle Pratt, our Chief Executive Officer, or the Pratt Offer Letter. Under the Pratt Offer Letter, Mr. Pratt will receive an annual base salary of $300,000, effective as of January 1, 2026. The Pratt Offer Letter has an indefinite term, and Mr. Pratt’s employment is at will.
Brandon Robinson — Offer of Employment Letter
On June 6, 2022, we entered into an offer letter with Brandon Robinson, our Chief Operating Officer, or the Robinson Offer Letter. Under the Robinson Offer Letter, Mr. Robinson will receive an annual base salary of $180,000. The Robinson Offer Letter has an indefinite term, and Mr. Robinson’s employment is at will.
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Timothy Noah Hayes — Offer of Employment Letter
On August 1, 2022, we entered into an offer letter with Timothy Noah Hayes, our Chief Product Officer, or the Hayes Offer Letter. Under the Hayes Offer Letter, Mr. Hayes will receive an annual base salary of $180,000. The Hayes Offer Letter has an indefinite term, and Mr. Hayes’s employment is at will.
Founder Stock Reallocation
On August 29, 2025, we entered into a Founder Stock Reallocation letter with founders Lyle Pratt, Brandon Robinson, and Timothy Noah Hayes. The agreement contemplates a reallocation of founder common stock to better reflect relative roles. Mr. Pratt forfeited an aggregate of 321,584 shares of common stock for no consideration and each of Mr. Robinson and Mr. Hayes were issued 160,792 shares of restricted common stock at a purchase price of $0.92 per share. Of each of Mr. Robinson’s and Mr. Hayes’ shares of restricted common stock, 130,643 are considered fully vested at the time of grant, while the remaining shares vest evenly on a monthly basis following the date of grant with all shares becoming fully vested on July 15, 2026. After the reallocation, Mr. Pratt holds 878,416 shares of common stock, Mr. Robinson holds 320,792 shares of common stock, and Mr. Hayes holds 320,792 shares of common stock.
Outstanding Equity Awards as of 2025 Fiscal Year End
The following table provides information regarding unexercised stock option awards and unvested or unearned stock awards held by our Named Executive Officers as of December 31, 2025.
| Option Awards | Stock Awards | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name | Grant Date | Number
of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) Exercisable | Number
of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) Unexercisable | Equity incentive plan awards: Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Unearned Options (#) | Option Exercise Price ($) | Option Expiration Date | Number
of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested (#) | Market Value of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested ($)(1) | Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested (#) | Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Market or Payout Value of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested ($) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lyle Pratt | March 31, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – | 219,604 | 399,679.28 | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Brandon Robinson | March 31, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – | 23,334 | 13,300.38 | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| November 12, 2025 | – | – | – | – | – | 23,450 | (2) | 50,652.00 | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Timothy Noah Hayes | August 1, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – | 23,334 | 17,033.82 | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| November 12, 2025 | – | – | – | – | – | 23,450 | (3) | 50,652.00 | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | The aggregate grant-date fair value of the stock awards was computed in accordance with ASC Topic 718. See Note 2 to our financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for the assumptions used in calculating the fair value of these awards. |
| (2) | Such amount reflects the issuance of new shares to Mr. Robinson as compensation described under the header “— Founder Stock Reallocation,” which are subject to time-based service vesting conditions. |
| (3) | Such amount reflects the issuance of new shares to Mr. Hayes as compensation described under the header “— Founder Stock Reallocation,” which are subject to time-based service vesting conditions. |
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Equity Compensation Plans
2022 Equity Incentive Plan
The Company’s Board adopted, and the Company’s stockholders approved, the Company’s 2022 Equity Incentive Plan, effective as of March 11, 2022, as amended on August 29, 2025, November 11, 2025 and February 12, 2026 (the “2022 Plan”).
Authorized shares. 1,731,211 shares of the Company’s common stock were available for issuance under the 2022 Plan as of March 31, 2026. No shares will be available for issuance under the 2022 Plan after this offering. As of March 31, 2026, options and RSUs covering 711,751 shares of the Company’s common stock remained outstanding under the 2022 Plan. Subject to adjustment for capitalization events, the aggregate maximum number of shares that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of incentive stock options under the 2022 Plan is 3,462,422 shares. The 2022 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, and other stock awards. Following this offering, the 2022 Plan will continue to govern outstanding awards granted thereunder.
Plan administration. The Company’s Board administers the 2022 Plan. Subject to the provisions of the 2022 Plan, the administrator has the power to, in general: (i) prescribe, amend and rescind rules and regulations relating to the 2022 Plan; (ii) select recipients; (iii) determine the timing, type, and size of awards and the fair market value applicable to awards; (iv) determine the terms and form of awards (which need not be uniform), including when a participant may exercise or receive cash or stock; (v) construe and interpret the 2022 Plan, any award agreements and any other related documents executed pursuant thereto; (vi) settle all controversies regarding the 2022 Plan and awards; (vii) accelerate vesting or exercisability (in whole or in part); (viii) suspend or terminate the 2022 Plan and, to the extent permitted by the 2022 Plan, amend the 2022 Plan (including submitting amendments for stockholder approval where required by law or the 2022 Plan); (ix) approve forms of award agreements and amend outstanding awards; (x) adopt procedures and sub-plans for participation by non-U.S. service providers; (xi) with the consent of any adversely affected participant, effect repricings, including reducing an exercise price, canceling and regranting or exchanging awards (including for cash or other consideration), or take any other action treated as a repricing under generally accepted accounting principles; and (xii) make all other determinations deemed necessary or advisable for administration of the 2022 Plan.
Stock options. Options may be granted as incentive stock options or nonstatutory stock options. The exercise price per share of all options must be at least 100% of the fair market value per share of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant (110% for incentive stock options granted to ten percent (10%) stockholders), except in the case of certain corporate transactions where options may be assumed or substituted in a manner consistent with applicable law. The term of an option cannot exceed ten years (five years for incentive stock options granted to ten percent (10%) stockholders). After a termination of service, the participant may generally exercise his or her option, to the extent vested, for ninety (90) days following a termination (or such other time period as set forth in the respective award agreement), for twelve (12) months if termination is on account of disability, or for eighteen (18) months if termination is on account of death.
Non-transferability. The 2022 Plan generally prohibits the transfer of options other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution, and during a participant’s lifetime, options are exercisable only by the participant.
Certain adjustments. In the event of capitalization adjustments without receipt of consideration, such as stock splits, stock dividends or other similar events, the number of shares reserved under the 2022 Plan, the number of shares subject to outstanding awards, and the exercise price or other terms of outstanding awards will be adjusted proportionately as provided in the 2022 Plan and subject to applicable law.
Reorganization. Notwithstanding any other provision of the 2022 Plan to the contrary, the 2022 Plan provides that in the event of a reorganization, subject to any required action by the Company’s stockholders, the Board may, in its discretion and without participant consent, take one or more actions with respect to outstanding awards, contingent on closing of the transaction: (i) assumption, continuation or substitution of awards by the acquirer (or its parent); (ii) assignment of the Company’s reacquisition or repurchase rights; (iii) acceleration of vesting and, if applicable, exercisability to a date prior to effectiveness (with termination of unexercised portions at closing); (iv) lapse of reacquisition or repurchase rights; (v) cancellation of awards (to the extent unvested or unexercised) for cash or no consideration as appropriate; or (vi) a cash or other payment equal to the excess, if any, of the value deliverable over the applicable exercise price, which may be zero if the value of the property is equal to or less than the exercise price. The Board need not take the same action or actions with respect to all awards or portions thereof or with respect to all participants. The Board may take different actions with respect to the vested and unvested portions of an award.
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Modification, extension and renewal of options. Subject to the 2022 Plan, the administrator may modify, extend or renew outstanding awards or accept cancellation of outstanding awards in exchange for new awards, cash and/or other consideration, in each case to the extent permitted by the 2022 Plan. No modification may impair a participant’s rights under a previously granted award without the participant’s consent, except as otherwise permitted by the 2022 Plan.
Amendment; termination. The Board may amend, suspend or terminate the 2022 Plan at any time. Unless terminated sooner by the Board, the 2022 Plan will automatically terminate on the day before the tenth (10th) anniversary of the earlier of (i) the date the 2022 Plan is adopted by the Board, or (ii) the date the 2022 Plan is approved by the stockholders of the Company. No amendment, suspension or termination may impair rights under outstanding awards without the participant’s consent, except as otherwise permitted by the 2022 Plan. If required by applicable law, and except for adjustments for capitalization events, stockholder approval is required for amendments that, among other things, materially increase the share reserve, materially expand eligibility, materially increase benefits under the 2022 Plan, materially reduce the price at which shares may be issued or purchased, materially extend the term of the 2022 Plan, or materially expand the types of awards available.
2026 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan
In April 2026, our board of directors and stockholders adopted the 2026 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2026 Plan”). The general purpose of the 2026 Plan is to provide a means for eligible employees, officers, non-employee directors and other service providers to develop a sense of proprietorship and personal involvement in our development and financial success, and to encourage them to devote their best efforts to our business, thereby advancing our interests and the interests of our stockholders. By means of the 2026 Plan, we seek to retain the services of such eligible persons and to provide incentives for such persons to exert maximum efforts for our success.
The 2026 Plan will come into existence and become effective upon the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. Once the 2026 Plan becomes effective, no further grants will be made under our 2022 Plan.
Description of the 2026 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan
The following description of the principal terms of the 2026 Plan is a summary and is qualified in its entirety by the full text of the 2026 Plan.
Administration. In general, the 2026 Plan will be administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board. The Compensation Committee will determine the persons to whom options to purchase shares of Class A common stock, stock appreciation rights (or “SARs”), restricted stock units, restricted or unrestricted shares of Class A common stock, performance shares, performance stock units, incentive bonus awards, other stock-based awards and other cash-based awards may be granted. The Compensation Committee may also establish rules and regulations for the administration of the 2026 Plan and amendments or modifications of outstanding awards. The Compensation Committee may delegate authority to other executive officers to grant options and other awards to eligible employees, officers, directors, consultants, advisors or other service providers (other than themselves), subject to applicable law and the 2026 Plan. No options, stock purchase rights or awards may be made under the 2026 Plan on or after the 10-year anniversary of the business day immediately prior to the Company’s listing date on NYSE American (or, the expiration date), but the 2026 Plan will continue thereafter while previously granted options, SARs or other awards remain outstanding. If the fair market value of a share of Class A common stock declines since an award is granted, the Compensation Committee may reduce the exercise price or base price of any stock option or SAR to the then-current fair market value. All determinations, interpretations, exercises of authority or other actions made by the Compensation Committee or the Company under the 2026 Plan shall be taken or made by the Compensation Committee or the Company, as applicable, in its sole and absolute discretion, and shall be final and binding on all persons, including, without limitation, the Company and all 2026 Plan participants.
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Eligibility. Persons eligible to receive options, SARs or other awards under the 2026 Plan are those employees, officers, directors, consultants, advisors and other service providers of the Company who, in the opinion of the Compensation Committee, are in a position to contribute to our success, or any person who is determined by the Compensation Committee to be a prospective employee, officer, director, consultant, advisor or other service provider of the Company.
Shares Subject to the 2026 Plan. The aggregate number of shares of Class A common stock available for issuance in connection with options and other awards granted under the 2026 Plan is 1,264,105.
“Incentive stock options”, or ISOs, that are intended to meet the requirements of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (or, the Code) may be granted under the 2026 Plan with respect to 1,264,105 shares of Class A common stock.
If any option or SAR granted under the 2026 Plan terminates without having been exercised in full or if any award is forfeited, or if shares of Class A common stock are withheld to cover withholding taxes on options or other awards or applied to the payment of the exercise price of an option or purchase price of an award, the number of shares of Class A common stock as to which such option or award was forfeited, withheld or paid, will be available for future grants under the 2026 Plan. Awards settled in cash will not count against the number of shares available for issuance under the 2026 Plan.
No non-employee director may receive awards in any calendar year having an accounting value in excess of $750,000 (inclusive of any cash awards to the non-employee director for such year that are not made pursuant to the 2026 Plan); provided that in the case of a new non-employee director, such amount is increased to $1,000,000 for the initial year of the non-employee director’s term.
The number of shares authorized for issuance under the 2026 Plan and the foregoing share limitations are subject to customary adjustments for stock splits, stock dividends, similar transactions or any other change affecting our Class A common stock, or any other corporate transaction directly or indirectly affecting the awards or any performance goals or the Company’s financial performance, conditions or result of operations.
Terms and Conditions of Options. Options granted under the 2026 Plan may be either ISOs or “nonqualified stock options” that do not meet the requirements of Section 422 of the Code. The Compensation Committee will determine the exercise price of options granted under the 2026 Plan. The exercise price of stock options may not be less than the fair market value per share of our Class A common stock on the date of grant (or 110% of fair market value in the case of ISOs granted to a ten-percent stockholder).
If on the date of grant the Class A common stock is listed on a stock exchange or is quoted on the automated quotation system, the fair market value will generally be the closing sale price on the date of grant (or the last trading day before the date of grant if no trades occurred on the date of grant). If no such prices are available, the fair market value will be determined in good faith by the Compensation Committee based on the reasonable application of a reasonable valuation method.
No option may be exercisable for more than ten years (five years in the case of an ISO granted to a ten-percent stockholder) from the date of grant. Options granted under the 2026 Plan will be exercisable at such time or times as the Compensation Committee prescribes at the time of grant. No employee may receive ISOs that first become exercisable in any calendar year in an amount exceeding $100,000.
The Compensation Committee may, in its discretion, permit a holder of an option to exercise the option before it has otherwise become exercisable, in which case the shares of our Class A common stock issued to the recipient will continue to be subject to the vesting requirements that applied to the option before exercise.
Generally, the option price may be paid in cash or by certified or bank check. The Compensation Committee may permit other methods of payment, including (a) through delivery of shares of our Class A common stock having a fair market value equal to the exercise price, (b) by a full recourse, interest bearing promissory note having such terms as the Compensation Committee may permit, (c) by surrendering to the Company shares of Class A common stock otherwise receivable on exercise of the option or (d) a combination of these methods, as set forth in an award agreement or as otherwise determined by the Compensation Committee. The Compensation Committee is authorized to establish a cashless exercise program and to permit the exercise price (or tax withholding obligations) to be satisfied by reducing from the shares otherwise issuable upon exercise a number of shares having a fair market value equal to the exercise price.
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No option may be transferred other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and during a recipient’s lifetime an option may be exercised only by the recipient. However, the Compensation Committee may permit the holder of an option, SAR or other award to transfer the option, right or other award to immediate family members, a family trust for estate planning purposes or by gift to charitable institutions. The Compensation Committee will determine the extent to which a holder of a stock option may exercise the option following termination of service with us.
Stock Appreciation Rights. The Compensation Committee may grant SARs under the 2026 Plan. The Compensation Committee will determine the other terms applicable to SARs. The exercise price per share of a SAR will not be less than 100% of the fair market value of a share of our Class A common stock on the date of grant, as determined by the Compensation Committee. The maximum term of any SAR granted under the 2026 Plan is ten years from the date of grant. Generally, each SAR will entitle a participant upon exercise to an amount equal to:
| ● | the excess of the fair market value on the exercise date of one share of our Class A common stock over the exercise price, multiplied by |
| ● | the number of shares of Class A common stock covered by the SAR. |
Payment may be made in shares of our Class A common stock, in cash, or partly in Class A common stock and partly in cash, all as determined by the Compensation Committee.
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units. The Compensation Committee may award restricted Class A common stock and/or restricted stock units under the 2026 Plan. Restricted stock awards consist of shares of stock that are transferred to a participant subject to restrictions that may result in forfeiture if specified conditions are not satisfied. Restricted stock units confer the right to receive shares of our Class A common stock, cash, or a combination of shares and cash, at a future date upon or following the attainment of certain conditions specified by the Compensation Committee. The restrictions and conditions applicable to each award of restricted stock or restricted stock units may include performance-based conditions. Dividends or distributions with respect to restricted stock may be paid to the holder of the shares as and when dividends are paid to stockholders or at the time that the restricted stock vests, as determined by the Compensation Committee. If any dividends or distributions are paid in stock before the restricted stock vests they will be subject to the same restrictions. Dividend equivalent amounts may be paid with respect to restricted stock units either when cash dividends are paid to stockholders or when the units vest. Unless the Compensation Committee determines otherwise, holders of restricted stock (but not restricted stock units) will have the right to vote the shares.
Performance Shares and Performance Stock Units. The Compensation Committee may award performance shares and/or performance stock units under the 2026 Plan. Performance shares and performance stock units are awards, denominated in either shares or U.S. dollars, which are earned during a specified performance period subject to the attainment of performance criteria, as established by the Compensation Committee.
Incentive Bonuses. The Compensation Committee may grant incentive bonus awards under the 2026 Plan from time to time. The terms of incentive bonus awards will be set forth in award agreements. Each award agreement will have such terms and conditions as the Compensation Committee determines, including performance goals and amount of payment based on achievement of such goals. Incentive bonus awards are payable in cash and/or shares of our Class A common stock.
Other Stock-Based and Cash-Based Awards. The Compensation Committee may award other types of equity-based or cash-based awards under the 2026 Plan, including the grant or offer for sale of shares of our Class A common stock that do not have vesting requirements and the right to receive one or more cash payments subject to satisfaction of such conditions as the Compensation Committee may impose.
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Effect of Certain Corporate Transactions. The Compensation Committee may, at the time of the grant of an award provide for the effect of a change in control (as defined in the 2026 Plan) on any award, including (i) accelerating or extending the time periods for exercising, vesting in, or realizing gain from any award, (ii) eliminating, suspending, adjusting or modifying the performance or other conditions of an award, or (iii) providing for the cash settlement of an award for an equivalent cash value, as determined by the Compensation Committee. The Compensation Committee may without the need for the consent of any recipient of an award, also take one or more of the following actions contingent upon the occurrence of a change in control: (a) cause any or all outstanding options and SARs to become immediately exercisable, in whole or in part; (b) cause any other awards to become non-forfeitable, in whole or in part; (c) cancel any option or SAR in exchange for a substitute option; (d) cancel any award of restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares or performance stock units in exchange for a similar award of the capital stock of any successor corporation; (e) redeem any restricted stock for cash and/or other substitute consideration; (f) cancel or terminate any award for cash and/or other substitute consideration in exchange for an amount of cash and/or property equal to the amount, if any, that would have been attained upon the exercise of such award or realization of the participant’s rights as of the date of the occurrence of the change in control, but if the change in control consideration with respect to any option or SAR does not exceed its exercise price, the option or SAR may be canceled without payment of any consideration; (g) cancel any unvested award without payment of consideration therefor; or (h) take any other action necessary or appropriate to carry out the terms of any definitive agreement controlling the terms and conditions of the change in control or make such other modifications, adjustments or amendments to outstanding awards as the Compensation Committee deems necessary or appropriate.
Clawback/Recoupment. Awards granted under the 2026 Plan will be subject to the requirement that the awards be forfeited or amounts repaid to the Company after they have been distributed to the participant (i) to the extent set forth in an award agreement or (ii) to the extent covered by any clawback policy adopted by the Company from time to time, or any applicable laws that impose mandatory forfeiture or recoupment, under circumstances set forth in such applicable laws.
The Compensation Committee has adopted the VIDA Global Inc. Clawback Policy (the “Clawback Policy”), in accordance with the requirements of the NYSE American and the rules of the SEC implementing Section 954 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010. The Clawback Policy requires the Compensation Committee to recoup certain cash and equity incentive compensation paid to or deferred by executive officers in the event the Company is required to prepare an accounting restatement due to material noncompliance with any financial reporting requirement under the federal securities laws.
Amendment, Termination. Our Board may at any time amend the 2026 Plan for the purpose of satisfying the requirements of the Code, or other applicable law or regulation or for any other purpose, provided that, without the consent of our stockholders, the Board may not (a) increase the number of shares of Class A common stock available under the 2026 Plan, or (b) change the group of individuals eligible to receive options, SARs and/or other awards.
U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences
Following is a summary of the U.S. federal income tax consequences of option and other grants under the 2026 Plan. Optionees and recipients of other rights and awards granted under the 2026 Plan are advised to consult their personal tax advisors before exercising an option or SAR or disposing of any stock received pursuant to the exercise of an option or SAR or following the vesting and payment of any award. In addition, the following summary is based upon an analysis of the Code as currently in effect, existing laws, judicial decisions, administrative rulings, regulations and proposed regulations, all of which are subject to change and does not address state, local, foreign or other tax laws.
Treatment of Options
The Code treats incentive stock options and nonqualified stock options differently. However, as to both types of options, no income will be recognized to the optionee at the time of the grant of the options under the 2026 Plan, nor will we be entitled to a tax deduction at that time.
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Generally, upon exercise of a nonqualified stock option (including an option intended to be an incentive stock option but which has not continued to so qualify at the time of exercise), an optionee will recognize ordinary income tax on the excess of the fair market value of the stock on the exercise date over the option price. We will be entitled to a tax deduction in an amount equal to the ordinary income recognized by the optionee in the fiscal year which includes the end of the optionee’s taxable year. We will be required to satisfy applicable withholding requirements in order to be entitled to a tax deduction. In general, if an optionee, in exercising a nonqualified stock option, tenders shares of our Class A common stock in partial or full payment of the option price, no gain or loss will be recognized on the tender. However, if the tendered shares were previously acquired upon the exercise of an incentive stock option and the tender is within two years from the date of grant or one year after the date of exercise of the incentive stock option, the tender will be a disqualifying disposition of the shares acquired upon exercise of the incentive stock option.
For incentive stock options, there is no taxable income to an optionee at the time of exercise. However, the excess of the fair market value of the stock on the date of exercise over the exercise price will be taken into account in determining whether the “alternative minimum tax” will apply for the year of exercise. If the shares acquired upon exercise are held until at least two years from the date of grant and more than one year from the date of exercise, any gain or loss upon the sale of such shares, if held as capital assets, will be long-term capital gain or loss (measured by the difference between the sales price of the stock and the exercise price). Under current federal income tax law, a long-term capital gain will be taxed at a rate which is less than the maximum rate of tax on ordinary income. If the two-year and one year holding period requirements are not met (a “disqualifying disposition”), an optionee will recognize ordinary income in the year of disposition in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) the fair market value of the stock on the date of exercise minus the exercise price and (ii) the amount realized on disposition minus the exercise price. The remainder of the gain will be treated as long-term capital gain, depending upon whether the stock has been held for more than a year. If an optionee makes a disqualifying disposition, we will be entitled to a tax deduction equal to the amount of ordinary income recognized by the optionee.
In general, if an optionee, in exercising an incentive stock option, tenders shares of Class A common stock in partial or full payment of the option price, no gain or loss will be recognized on the tender. However, if the tendered shares were previously acquired upon the exercise of another incentive stock option and the tender is within two years from the date of grant or one year after the date of exercise of the other option, the tender will be a disqualifying disposition of the shares acquired upon exercise of the other option.
As noted above, the exercise of an incentive stock option could subject an optionee to the alternative minimum tax. The application of the alternative minimum tax to any particular optionee depends upon the particular facts and circumstances which exist with respect to the optionee in the year of exercise. However, as a general rule, the amount by which the fair market value of the Class A common stock on the date of exercise of an option exceeds the exercise price of the option will constitute an item of “adjustment” for purposes of determining the alternative minimum taxable income on which the alternative tax may be imposed. As such, this item will enter into the tax base on which the alternative minimum tax is computed and may therefore cause the alternative minimum tax to become applicable in any given year.
Treatment of Stock Appreciation Rights
Generally, the recipient of a SAR will not recognize any income upon grant of the SAR, nor will we be entitled to a deduction at that time. Upon exercise of a SAR, the holder will recognize ordinary income, and we will generally be entitled to a corresponding deduction, equal to the excess of fair market value of our Class A common stock at that time over the exercise price.
Treatment of Stock Awards
Generally, absent an election to be taxed currently under Section 83(b) of the Code (or, a Section 83(b) Election), there will be no federal income tax consequences to either the recipient or us upon the grant of a restricted stock award or award of performance shares. At the expiration of the restriction period and the satisfaction of any other restrictions applicable to the restricted shares, the recipient will recognize ordinary income and we will generally be entitled to a corresponding deduction equal to the fair market value of the Class A common stock at that time. If a Section 83(b) Election is made within 30 days after the date the restricted stock award is granted, the recipient will recognize an amount of ordinary income at the time of the receipt of the restricted shares, and we will generally be entitled to a corresponding deduction, equal to the fair market value (determined without regard to applicable restrictions) of the shares at such time, less any amount paid by the recipient for the shares. If a Section 83(b) Election is made, no additional income will be recognized by the recipient upon the lapse of restrictions on the shares (and prior to the sale of such shares), but, if the shares are subsequently forfeited, the recipient may not deduct the income that was recognized pursuant to the Section 83(b) Election at the time of the receipt of the shares.
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The recipient of an unrestricted stock award, including a performance stock unit award, will recognize ordinary income, and we will generally be entitled to a corresponding deduction, equal to the fair market value of our Class A common stock that is the subject of the award when the award is made.
The recipient of a restricted stock unit generally will recognize ordinary income as and when the units vest and are settled. The amount of the income will be equal to the fair market value of the shares of our Class A common stock issued at that time, and we will be entitled to a corresponding deduction. The recipient of a restricted stock unit will not be permitted to make a Section 83(b) Election with respect to such award.
Treatment of Incentive Bonus Awards and Other Stock or Cash Based Awards
Generally, the recipient of an incentive bonus or other stock or cash based award will not recognize any income upon grant of the award, nor will we be entitled to a deduction at that time. Upon payment with respect to such an award, the recipient will recognize ordinary income, and we generally will be entitled to a corresponding deduction, equal to the amount of cash paid and/or the fair market value of our Class A common stock issued at that time.
Section 409A
If an award is subject to Section 409A of the Code, but does not comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, the taxable events as described above could apply earlier than described, and could result in the imposition of additional taxes and penalties. Participants are urged to consult with their tax advisors regarding the applicability of Section 409A of the Code to their awards.
Potential Limitation on Company Deductions
Section 162(m) of the Code generally disallows a tax deduction for compensation in excess of $1 million paid in a taxable year by a publicly held corporation to its chief executive officer and certain other “covered employees.” Our Board and the Compensation Committee intend to consider the potential impact of Section 162(m), on grants made under the 2026 Plan, but reserve the right to approve grants of options and other awards for an executive officer that exceed the deduction limit of Section 162(m).
Restrictions on Resale
Certain officers and directors of the Company may be deemed to be “affiliates” of the Company as that term is defined under the Securities Act. The Class A common stock acquired under the 2026 Plan by an affiliate may be reoffered or resold only pursuant to an effective registration statement or pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act or another exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act. It is intended that the shares issuable pursuant to the 2026 Plan will be registered under the Securities Act.
Tax Withholding
As and when appropriate, we shall have the right to require each optionee purchasing shares of Class A common stock and each grantee receiving an award of shares of Class A common stock under the 2026 Plan to pay any federal, state or local taxes required by law to be withheld.
Director Compensation
Historically, the directors have not received compensation for their service as directors. However, pursuant to independent director offer letters, effective January 1, 2026, our non-employee directors, which include Christopher Calicott, Henry S. Romaine Jr. and Alan Braverman, will receive a cash retainer of $50,000 per year, paid quarterly in accordance with our standard payment practices, and will receive one-time equity awards in the form of restricted stock awards, granted under the 2022 Plan, with a target grant-date fair value of (i) $166,000 for Mr. Calicott, (ii) $116,000 for Mr. Romaine and (iii) $116,000 for Mr. Braverman. Our directors in the 2025 Fiscal Year, which consisted of Mr. Pratt, Mr. Hayes and Mr. Calicott, did not receive any compensation for the 2025 Fiscal Year for their service as directors. Mr. Pratt’s and Mr. Hayes’ compensation is set forth in the Summary Compensation Table above and they will not receive any additional compensation for their service as directors. Mr. Romaine and Mr. Braverman were appointed as directors to our Board, effective January 1, 2026.
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The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock as of March 31, 2026, and as adjusted to reflect the reclassification of certain of our outstanding common stock as Class B common stock, the conversion of shares of our Series Seed-1, Series Seed-2 and Series A preferred stock to Class A common stock, the 3.57-for-1 stock split that will be effected immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part and the filing and effectiveness of our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation in Delaware immediately prior to the closing of this offering, as if such events had occurred on March 31, 2026, and to give effect to the sale of Class A common stock by us in this offering, by:
| ● | each stockholder known by us to own beneficially more than 5% of our outstanding shares of common stock; |
| ● | each of our directors and executive officers individually; and |
| ● | all of our directors and executive officers as a group. |
The amounts and percentages of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock beneficially owned are reported on the basis of SEC regulations governing the determination of beneficial ownership of securities. Under SEC rules, a person is deemed to be a “beneficial” owner of a security if that person has or shares voting power or investment power, which includes the power to dispose of or to direct the disposition of such security. A person is also deemed to be a beneficial owner of any securities of which that person has a right to acquire beneficial ownership within 60 days of March 31, 2026. Securities that can be so acquired are not deemed to be outstanding for purposes of computing any other person’s percentage. Under these rules, more than one person may be deemed to be a beneficial owner of securities as to which such person has no economic interest.
Our determination of the percentage of beneficial ownership prior to this offering is based on 5,094,030 shares of our Class A common stock and 5,426,402 shares of our Class B common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2026, and our determination of the percentage of beneficial ownership after this offering is based on 8,427,364 shares of our Class A common stock and 5,426,402 shares of our Class B common stock outstanding after closing of the offering, in each case after giving effect to the reclassification of certain of our outstanding common stock as Class B common stock, the conversion of shares of our Series Seed-1, Series Seed-2 and Series A preferred stock to Class A common stock, the 3.57-for-1 stock split that will be effected immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part and the filing and effectiveness of our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation in Delaware immediately prior to the closing of this offering, and assumes the underwriters will not exercise their over-allotment option. Unless otherwise indicated, the business address of each such beneficial owner is c/o VIDA Global Inc., 12160 W Parmer Ln, Ste 130-716, Cedar Park, TX 78613.
Each of the stockholders listed has sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares beneficially owned by the stockholder unless noted otherwise, subject to community property laws where applicable.
| Shares of Common Stock Beneficially Owned Before This Offering | Shares of Common Stock Beneficially Owned After This Offering | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Class A | Class B | % of Voting Power Before | Class A | Class B | % of Voting Power After | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | % | Shares | % | this Offering | Shares | % | Shares | % | this Offering | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name of Beneficial Owner | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5% Stockholders: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund I, L.P.(1) | 1,125,619 | 22.1 | – | – | 1.9 | 1,125,619 | 13.4 | – | – | 1.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund II, L.P.(2) | 1,962,569 | 38.5 | – | – | 3.3 | 1,962,569 | 23.3 | – | – | 3.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Executive Officers and Directors: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lyle Pratt(3) | 65,125 | 1.3 | 3,135,946 | 57.8 | 52.9 | 65,125 | * | 3,135,946 | 57.8 | 50.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Brandon Robinson(4) | – | – | 1,145,228 | 21.1 | 19.3 | – | – | 1,145,228 | 21.1 | 18.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Timothy Noah Hayes(5) | – | – | 1,145,228 | 21.1 | 19.3 | – | – | 1,145,228 | 21.1 | 18.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Jordan Gadapee | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mark Lilien | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Christopher Calicott(6) | 368,654 | 7.2 | – | – | * | 368,654 | 4.4 | – | – | * | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Henry S. Romaine Jr. (7) | 191,724 | 3.8 | – | – | * | 191,724 | 2.3 | – | – | * | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alan Braverman(8) | 191,724 | 3.8 | – | – | * | 191,724 | 2.3 | – | – | * | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| All Executive Officers and Directors as a group (8 individuals)(9) | 817,227 | 16.0 | 5,426,402 | 100 | 92.8 | 817,227 | 9.7 | 5,426,402 | 100 | 87.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| * | Represents beneficial ownership of less than 1% |
| (1) | Represents (i) 913,350 shares of Class A common stock and (ii) 212,269 shares of Class A common stock underlying warrants held by TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund I, L.P. TVP Bitcoin Venture GP I, L.L.C. is the general partner of TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund I, L.P. (“General Partner I”), and therefore, may be deemed to share voting and dispositive power with respect to such shares. Trammell Venture Partners, L.L.C. (“TVP”) is the investment manager of TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund I, L.P., and therefore, may be deemed to share voting and dispositive power with respect to such shares. Christopher Calicott, a member of our board of directors, is a member of General Partner I and is Managing Director of TVP, and therefore, may be deemed to share voting and dispositive power with respect to such shares. Each of General Partner I, TVP, and Mr. Calicott disclaims beneficial ownership of these shares, except to the extent of any pecuniary interest therein. The principal business address of TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund I, L.P., General Partner I, TVP, and Mr. Calicott is c/o 221 West 6th Street, Austin, Texas 78701. |
| (2) | Represents (i) 1,636,046 shares of Class A common stock and (ii) 326,523 shares of Class A common stock underlying warrants held by TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund II, L.P. TVP Bitcoin Venture GP II L.L.C. is the general partner of TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund II, L.P., (“General Partner II”), and therefore, may be deemed to share voting and dispositive power with respect to such shares. TVP is the investment manager of TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund II, L.P., and therefore, may be deemed to share voting and dispositive power with respect to such shares. Christopher Calicott, a member of our board of directors, is a member of General Partner II and is Managing Director of TVP, and therefore, may be deemed to share voting and dispositive power with respect to such shares. Each of General Partner II, TVP, and Mr. Calicott disclaims beneficial ownership of these shares, except to the extent of any pecuniary interest therein. The principal business address of TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund II, L.P., General Partner II, TVP, and Mr. Calicott is c/o 221 West 6th Street, Austin, Texas 78701. |
| (3) | Includes (i) 51,116 shares of Class A common stock, (ii) 14,009 shares of Class A common stock underlying warrants and (iii) 3,135,946 shares of Class B common stock held directly by Mr. Pratt. |
| (4) | Includes 1,145,228 shares of Class B common stock held directly by Mr. Robinson. |
| (5) | Includes 1,145,228 shares of Class B common stock held directly by Mr. Hayes. |
| (6) | Includes (i) 74,967 shares of Class A common stock, (ii) 19,325 shares of Class A common stock underlying warrants and (iii) 274,362 shares of Class A common stock issued to Mr. Calicott as restricted stock awards under the 2022 Plan, each held directly by Mr. Calicott. |
| (7) | Includes 191,724 shares of Class A common stock issued to Mr. Romaine as restricted stock awards under the 2022 Plan held directly by Mr. Romaine. |
| (8) | Includes 191,724 shares of Class A common stock issued to Mr. Braverman as restricted stock awards under the 2022 Plan held directly by Mr. Braverman. |
| (9) | Includes (i) 2,675,479 shares of Class A common stock, (ii) 572,126 shares of Class A common stock underlying warrants, (iii) 657,810 shares of Class A common stock issued as restricted stock awards under the 2022 Plan and (iv) 5,426,402 shares of Class B common stock. |
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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
In addition to the compensation arrangements, including employment, termination of employment and change in control arrangements discussed in the sections titled “Management” and “Executive and Director Compensation,” the following is a description of each transaction or agreement since January 1, 2023, and each currently proposed transaction in which:
| ● | we have been or are to be a participant; |
| ● | the amount involved exceeds the lesser of (i) $120,000 or (ii) 1% of the average of the Company’s total assets at year end for the last two completed fiscal years; and |
| ● | any of our directors, officers or holders of more than 5% of our outstanding capital stock, or any immediate family member of, or person sharing the household with, any of these individuals or entities, had or will have a direct or indirect material interest. |
We also describe below certain other transactions and relationships with our directors, executive officers and stockholders.
Private Placement of Securities
Series Seed Preferred
In April 2023, we sold an aggregate of 1,212,061 shares of our Series Seed-1 preferred stock to accredited investors at a purchase price of $1.75314 per share for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $3 million. In addition, all outstanding SAFEs, other than TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund I, L.P.’s SAFE, converted into 131,979 shares of our Series Seed-1 preferred stock at a conversion price of $1.75314 per share. In August 2025, a previous Series Seed-1 preferred stockholder sold an aggregate of 738,419 shares of our Series Seed-1 preferred stock at a purchase price of $1.83369 per share to certain investors. Each share of our Series Seed-1 preferred stock will automatically convert into one share of our Class A common stock immediately prior to the completion of this offering. The share and per share amounts in this paragraph and the table below give effect to the 2-for-1 stock split we effected on August 29, 2025 and the 3.57-for-1 stock split that will be effected immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. The following table summarizes purchases of our Series Seed-1 preferred stock by related persons:
| Participant | Total Purchase Price | Total Shares Purchased |
||||||
| Lyle Pratt(1) | $ | 75,936.74 | 41,412 | |||||
| Christopher Calicott(2) | $ | 104,740.32 | 57,120 | |||||
| TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund I, L.P.(3) | $ | 499,995.02 | 285,201 | |||||
| (1) | Lyle Pratt is our founder, Chief Executive Officer and a member of our board of directors. |
| (2) | Christopher Calicott is a member of our board of directors. |
| (3) | TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund I, L.P. beneficially owns more than 5% of our capital stock. Christopher Calicott, a member of our board of directors, is a member of the General Partner of TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund I, L.P. and is Managing Director of its investment manager, Trammell Venture Partners, L.L.C. |
In addition, in April 2023, TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund I, L.P.’s $600,000 SAFE converted into 410,686 shares of our Series Seed-2 preferred stock at a conversion price of $1.46095 per share. Each share of our Series Seed-2 preferred stock will automatically convert into one share of our Class A common stock immediately prior to the completion of this offering. The share and per share amounts in this paragraph give effect to the 2-for-1 stock split we effected on August 29, 2025 and the 3.57-for-1 stock split that will be effected immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
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Series A Preferred
In August and September 2025, we sold an aggregate of 2,182,345 shares of our Series A preferred stock to accredited investors at a purchase price of $1.83369 per share for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $4.0 million and issued warrants to such accredited investors to purchase an aggregate of 893,401 shares of common stock. Each share of our Series A preferred stock will automatically convert into one share of our Class A common stock immediately prior to the completion of this offering. The share and per share amounts in this paragraph and the table below give effect to the 2-for-1 stock split we effected on August 29, 2025 and the 3.57-for-1 stock split that will be effected immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. The following table summarizes purchases of our Series A preferred stock by related persons:
| Participant | Total Purchase Price | Total Shares Purchased |
Total Warrants Purchased |
||||||||
| Lyle Pratt | $ | 17,792.77 | 9,704 | 14,009 | |||||||
| Christopher Calicott | $ | 32,724.81 | 17,847 | 19,325 | |||||||
| TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund I, L.P. | $ | 398,759.50 | 217,463 | 212,269 | |||||||
| TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund II, L.P.(1) | $ | 2,999,998.44 | 1,636,046 | 326,523 | |||||||
| (1) | TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund II, L.P. beneficially owns more than 5% of our capital stock. Christopher Calicott, a member of our board of directors, is a member of the General Partner of TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund II, L.P. and is Managing Director of its investment manager, Trammell Venture Partners, L.L.C. |
Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement
On August 29, 2025, in connection with the Series A preferred stock purchase, we entered into the Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement (the “IRA”) with certain holders of our convertible preferred stock and certain holders of our common stock, including Mr. Pratt, Mr. Calicott, TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund I, L.P. and TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund II, L.P. The IRA provides certain customary investor rights, including registration rights, information rights, rights of first offer, among other rights. See the section titled “Description of Capital Stock—Registration Rights” appearing elsewhere in this prospectus, for additional information regarding such registration rights.
Amended and Restated Voting Agreement
On August 29, 2025, in connection with the Series A preferred stock purchase, we entered into the Amended and Restated Voting Agreement (the “Voting Agreement”) with certain holders of our convertible preferred stock, certain holders of our common stock and key holders, including Mr. Pratt, Mr. Robinson, Mr. Hayes, Mr. Calicott, TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund I, L.P. and TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund II, L.P. The Voting Agreement sets board composition and designation rights, voting rights, and drag-along provisions, among other things. The rights under the Amended and Restated Voting Agreement will terminate immediately prior to the closing of this offering.
Amended and Restated Right of First Refusal and Co-Sale Agreement
On August 29, 2025, in connection with the Series A preferred stock purchase, we entered into the Amended and Restated Right of First Refusal and Co-Sale Agreement (the “ROFR Agreement”) with certain holders of our convertible preferred stock, certain holders of our common stock and key holders, including Mr. Pratt, Mr. Robinson, Mr. Hayes, Mr. Calicott, TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund I, L.P. and TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund II, L.P. The ROFR Agreement grants us a right of first refusal and the holders party to the ROFR Agreement a secondary right of first refusal and co-sale right. The rights under the Amended and Restated Right of First Refusal and Co-Sale Agreement will terminate immediately prior to the closing of this offering.
Management Rights Letter
On August 29, 2025, in connection with the Series A preferred stock purchase, we entered into the Management Rights Letter with TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund II, L.P. (“TVP II”), granting TVP II consultation rights, inspection rights, and information rights, among other rights. The rights under the Management Rights Letter will terminate immediately prior to the closing of this offering.
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Indemnification Agreements
In connection with this offering, we intend to enter into new agreements to indemnify our directors and executive officers. These agreements will, among other things, require us to indemnify these individuals for certain expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and settlement amounts reasonably incurred by such person in any action or proceeding, including any action by or in our right, on account of any services undertaken by such person on behalf of our company or that person’s status as a member of our board of directors to the maximum extent allowed under Delaware law.
Family and Other Relationships
Lyle Pratt, our Chief Executive Officer, is the brother-in-law of Jordan Gadapee, our current Chief Marketing Officer. Mr. Pratt receives an annual salary of $185,000. Mr. Pratt also holds 878,416 shares of common stock restricted common stock awards, 11,600 Series Seed-1 preferred stock, 2,718 Series A preferred stock and 3,924 Series A common warrants.
Jordan Gadapee, our Chief Marketing Officer, is the brother-in-law of Lyle Pratt, our current Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Gadapee receives an annual salary of $250,000. Mr. Gadapee also received 52,100 stock option grants on October 23, 2025 which had a fair value of $46,369 on the grant date.
Other Transactions
On August 29, 2025, we entered into a Founder Stock Reallocation letter with founders Lyle Pratt, Brandon Robinson, and Timothy Noah Hayes. The agreement contemplates a reallocation of founder common stock to better reflect relative roles. Mr. Pratt forfeited an aggregate of 321,584 shares of common stock for no consideration and each of Mr. Robinson and Mr. Hayes were issued 160,792 shares of restricted common stock at a purchase price of $0.92 per share. Of each of Mr. Robinson’s and Mr. Hayes’ shares of restricted common stock, 130,643 are considered fully vested at the time of grant, while the remaining shares vest evenly on a monthly basis following the date of grant with all shares becoming fully vested on July 15, 2026. After the reallocation, Mr. Pratt holds 878,416 shares of common stock, Mr. Robinson holds 320,792 shares of common stock, and Mr. Hayes holds 320,792 shares of common stock.
Policies and Procedures for Related Party Transactions
Prior to the completion of this offering, our board of directors will adopt a written policy on transactions with related persons setting forth the policies and procedures for the review and approval or ratification of transactions involving us and “related persons.” For the purposes of this policy, “related persons” will include our executive officers, directors and director nominees and their immediate family members, and stockholders owning 5% or more of any class of our outstanding voting securities and their immediate family members.
The policy will cover, with certain exceptions set forth in Item 404 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act, any transaction, arrangement or relationship, or any series of similar transactions, arrangements or relationships in which we were or are to be a participant, where the amount involved exceeds the lesser of (i) $120,000 or (ii) 1% of the average of the Company’s total assets at year end for the last two completed fiscal years, and a related person had or will have a direct or indirect material interest, including, without limitation, purchases of goods or services by or from the related person or entities in which the related person has a material interest, indebtedness, guarantees of indebtedness and employment by us of a related person. In reviewing and approving any such transactions, our audit committee is tasked to consider all relevant facts and circumstances, including, but not limited to, whether the transaction is on terms comparable to those that could be obtained in an arm’s length transaction with an unrelated party and the extent of the related person’s interest in the transaction. All related-party transactions may only be consummated if our audit committee has approved or ratified such transaction in accordance with the guidelines set forth in the policy. Any member of the audit committee who is a related person with respect to a transaction under review will not be permitted to participate in the deliberations or vote respecting approval or ratification of the transaction. However, such director may be counted in determining the presence of a quorum at a meeting of the audit committee that considers the transaction. All of the transactions described in this section occurred prior to the adoption of this policy.
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General
At or prior to the completion of this offering, we will file a second amended and restated certificate of incorporation and we will adopt our amended and restated bylaws. Our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation will authorize capital stock consisting of:
| ● | 500,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share; | |
| ● | 10,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.001 per share; and | |
| ● | 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share. |
We are selling 3,333,334 shares of Class A common stock in this offering (3,833,334 shares if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full). All shares of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock outstanding upon the completion of this offering will be fully paid and non-assessable.
Assuming the filing and effectiveness of our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation in Delaware and the adoption of our amended and restated bylaws, as of the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, there will be 5,094,030 shares of our Class A common stock outstanding, held by twenty-eight (28) stockholders of record, 5,426,402 shares of our Class B common stock outstanding, held by three (3) stockholders of record, and no shares of our preferred stock outstanding.
The following description of our capital stock and provisions of our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws are summaries and are qualified by reference to the second amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws. Copies of these documents will be filed with the SEC as exhibits to our registration statement, of which this prospectus forms a part. The description of our capital stock reflects changes to our capital structure that will occur upon the closing of this offering.
Common Stock
Voting Rights
Holders of shares of our Class A common stock will be entitled to one vote for each share of Class A common stock held of record on all matters on which stockholders are entitled to vote generally, and holders of shares of our Class B common stock will be entitled to 10 votes for each share of Class B common stock held of record on all matters on which stockholders are entitled to vote generally, including the election or removal of directors elected by our stockholders generally. The holders of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock will vote together as a single class, unless otherwise required by law or our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation. Delaware law could require either holders of our Class A common stock or Class B common stock to vote separately as a single class in certain circumstances, including:
| (1) | if we were to seek to amend our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation to increase or decrease the par value of a class of our capital stock, then that class would be required to vote separately to approve the proposed amendment; and |
| (2) | if we were to seek to amend our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation in a manner that alters or changes the powers, preferences, or special rights of a class of our capital stock in a manner that affected its holders adversely, then that class would be required to vote separately to approve the proposed amendment. |
The holders of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock will not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors.
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Dividends
Holders of shares of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock will be entitled to receive ratably those dividends, if any, when, as and if declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available therefor, subject to any statutory or contractual restrictions on the payment of dividends and to any restrictions on the payment of dividends imposed by the terms of any outstanding preferred stock.
Liquidation
Upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up and after payment in full of all amounts required to be paid to creditors and to the holders of preferred stock having liquidation preferences, if any, the holders of shares of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock will be entitled to receive ratably our remaining assets legally available for distribution.
Rights and Preferences
The Class A common stock and Class B common stock will not be subject to further calls or assessments by us. Holders of shares of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock will not have preemptive, subscription, redemption or conversion rights, except as provided below with respect to conversion rights of the Class B common stockholders. There will be no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the Class A common stock and Class B common stock. The rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock will be subject to and may be adversely affected by the rights of the holders of shares of any series of our preferred stock or any other series or class of stock we may authorize and issue in the future.
Conversion
Each outstanding share of our Class B common stock will be convertible at any time at the option of the holder into one share of our Class A common stock. In addition, each share of Class B common stock will convert automatically into one share of Class A common stock upon (i) any transfer, whether or not for value, that occurs after the completion of this offering, except for certain permitted transfers described in our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation, including, among others, transfers to trusts solely for the benefit of the stockholder or their family members, and partnerships, corporations, and other entities exclusively owned by the stockholder or their family members or (ii) in the case of Lyle Pratt, Brandon Robinson and Timothy Noah Hayes (each a “Founder,” and collectively the “Founders”), (a) any transfer by a Founder (or such Founder’s affiliate or affiliates) to another Founder (or such Founder’s affiliate or affiliates) will not result in the automatic conversion of such shares of Class B common stock to shares of Class A common stock and (b) each share of Class B common stock held by such Founder shall automatically convert into a share of Class A common stock upon the date such Founder is no longer providing services to us as an executive officer or a member of our board of directors. All outstanding shares of Class B common stock will automatically convert into shares of Class A common stock on the Final Conversion Date as more fully described in our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation, which will generally be the earliest to occur of (i) the date fixed by the board of directors between ninety (90) and one hundred and eighty (180) days following the date all Founders are no longer providing services to us as an executive officer or member of the board of directors, (ii) a date fixed by the board of directors between ninety (90) and one hundred and eighty (180) days following the death or incapacity of all Founders or (iii) the date on which the number of shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock beneficially owned by all of the Founders and their respective permitted transferees represents less than 50% of the shares they beneficially owned at the closing of this offering. Once converted into Class A common stock, the Class B common stock may not be reissued.
Fully Paid and Non-Assessable
All shares of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock outstanding upon the completion of this offering will be fully paid and non-assessable.
Preferred Stock
Upon the completion of this offering and pursuant to our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation that will become effective at or prior to the completion of this offering, the total number of authorized shares of preferred stock will be 50,000,000 shares. Upon the completion of this offering, no shares of preferred stock will be issued or outstanding.
Under the terms of our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation that will become effective at or prior to the completion of this offering, our board of directors is authorized to direct us to issue one or more series of preferred stock (including convertible preferred stock) without stockholder approval, unless required by law or any stock exchange. Our board of directors has the discretion to determine, with respect to any series of preferred stock, the powers (including voting powers), preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, including, without limitation:
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| ● | the designation of the series; |
| ● | the number of shares of the series, which our board of directors may, except where otherwise provided in the preferred stock designation, increase (but not above the total number of authorized shares of the class) or decrease (but not below the number of shares then outstanding); |
| ● | whether dividends, if any, will be cumulative or non-cumulative and the dividend rate of the series; |
| ● | the dates at which dividends, if any, will be payable; |
| ● | the redemption or repurchase rights and price or prices, if any, for shares of the series; |
| ● | the terms and amounts of any sinking fund provided for the purchase or redemption of shares of the series; |
| ● | the amounts payable on shares of the series in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of our affairs; |
| ● | whether the shares of the series will be convertible into shares of any other class or series, or any other security, of us or any other entity, and, if so, the specification of the other class or series or other security, the conversion price or prices or rate or rates, any rate adjustments, the date or dates as of which the shares will be convertible and all other terms and conditions upon which the conversion may be made; |
| ● | restrictions on the issuance of shares of the same series or of any other class or series; and |
| ● | the voting rights, if any, of the holders of the series. |
The purpose of authorizing our board of directors to issue preferred stock and determine its rights and preferences is to eliminate delays associated with a stockholder vote on specific issuances. The issuance of preferred stock, while providing flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions, future financings and other corporate purposes, could, depending on the terms of the series, impede or discourage an acquisition attempt or other transaction that some, or a majority, of the holders of our common stock might believe to be in their best interests or in which the holders of our common stock might receive a premium over the market price of the shares of our common stock. Additionally, the issuance of preferred stock may adversely affect the rights of holders of our common stock by restricting dividends on the common stock, diluting the voting power of the common stock or subordinating the liquidation rights of the common stock. As a result of these or other factors, the issuance of preferred stock could have an adverse impact on the market price of our common stock.
Options
As of March 31, 2026, we had outstanding options to purchase an aggregate of 711,751 shares of our Class A common stock under our 2022 Plan, with a weighted-average exercise price of $0.82 per share. Subsequent to March 31, 2026, we have not granted any options to purchase shares of our Class A common stock, as of April 2, 2026.
Warrants
As of March 31, 2026, we had warrants outstanding to purchase 893,401 shares of our Class A common stock with a weighted-average exercise price of $0.01 per share.
Registration Rights
Following the completion of this offering, certain holders of shares of our Class A common stock or their permitted transferees will be entitled to rights with respect to the registration of their shares under the Securities Act. These rights are provided under the terms of our IRA, which is attached to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part as Exhibit 4.2, which was entered into with certain holders of our convertible preferred stock and certain holders of our common stock, and include customary registration rights.
Anti-Takeover Provisions
Certain provisions of our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our amended and restated bylaws and Delaware law are intended to enhance the likelihood of continuity and stability in the composition of our board of directors. These provisions are intended to avoid costly takeover battles, reduce our vulnerability to a hostile or abusive change of control and enhance the ability of our board of directors to maximize stockholder value in connection with any unsolicited offer to acquire us. These provisions are also designed to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with our board of directors, which we believe may result in an improvement of the terms of any such acquisition in favor of our stockholders. However, these provisions may have an anti-takeover effect and may delay, deter or prevent a merger or acquisition of us by means of a tender offer, a proxy contest or other takeover attempt that a stockholder might consider in its best interest, including those attempts that might result in a premium over the prevailing market price for the shares of common stock held by stockholders.
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Authorized but Unissued Capital Stock
The authorized but unissued shares of Class A common stock, Class B common stock and preferred stock are available for future issuance without stockholder approval, subject to any limitations imposed by the listing standards of the NYSE American. These additional shares may be used for a variety of corporate finance transactions, acquisitions and employee benefit plans. The existence of authorized but unissued and unreserved Class A common stock, Class B common stock and preferred stock could make more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or otherwise.
Section 203 of the DGCL
We have opted out of Section 203 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”). This statute prevents certain Delaware corporations, under certain circumstances, from engaging in a “business combination” with any interested shareholder for a period of three years following the date that the shareholder became an interested shareholder, with certain exceptions. We have opted out of the provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL because we believe this statute could prohibit or delay mergers or other change in control attempts, and thus may discourage attempts to acquire us.
No Cumulative Voting
Under Delaware law, the right to vote cumulatively does not exist unless the certificate of incorporation specifically authorizes cumulative voting. Our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation will not authorize cumulative voting. Therefore, stockholders holding a majority of the shares of our capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors will be able to elect all our directors.
Classified Board of Directors
Our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that our board of directors will be divided into three classes, with the number of directors in each class being as nearly equal in number as possible. The directors in each class will serve for a three-year term, one class being elected each year by our stockholders, with staggered terms. Our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that directors may only be removed from our board of directors for cause by the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares entitled to vote. See “Management-Composition of our Board of Directors.” These provisions may have the effect of deferring, delaying or discouraging hostile takeovers, or changes in control of us or our management.
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Special Stockholder Meetings
Our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that special meetings of our stockholders may be called at any time only by or at the direction of a majority of the board of directors or the chairman of the board of directors. Our amended and restated bylaws will prohibit the conduct of any business at a special meeting other than as specified in the notice for such meeting. These provisions may have the effect of deferring, delaying or discouraging hostile takeovers, or changes in control of our management.
Director Nominations and Stockholder Proposals
Our amended and restated bylaws will establish advance notice procedures with respect to stockholder proposals and the nomination of candidates for election as directors, other than nominations made by or at the direction of the board of directors or a committee of the board of directors. In order for any matter to be “properly brought” before a meeting, a stockholder will have to comply with advance notice requirements and provide us with certain information. Generally, to be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be received at our principal executive offices not less than 90 days nor more than 120 days prior to the first anniversary date of the immediately preceding annual meeting of stockholders. Our amended and restated bylaws will also specify requirements as to the form and content of a stockholder’s notice. Our amended and restated bylaws will allow the chairman of the meeting at a meeting of the stockholders to adopt rules and regulations for the conduct of meetings that may have the effect of precluding the conduct of certain business at a meeting if the rules and regulations are not followed. These provisions may also defer, delay or discourage a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer’s own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to influence or obtain control of us.
Stockholder Action by Written Consent
Pursuant to Section 228 of the DGCL, any action required to be taken at any annual or special meeting of the stockholders may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice, and without a vote if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, is or are signed by the holders of outstanding capital stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares of our capital stock entitled to vote thereon were present and voted, unless a corporation’s certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation will preclude stockholder action by written consent following the Final Conversion Date. As a result, after such date, a holder controlling a majority of our capital stock would not be able to amend our amended and restated bylaws or remove directors without holding a meeting of our stockholders called in accordance with our amended and restated bylaws. Further, our amended and restated bylaws will provide that only the chairperson of our board of directors or a majority of our board of directors may call special meetings of our stockholders, thus prohibiting a stockholder from calling a special meeting. These provisions might delay the ability of our stockholders to force consideration of a proposal or for stockholders controlling a majority of our capital stock to take any action, including the removal of directors.
Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws
The DGCL provides generally that the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares entitled to vote on any matter is required to amend a corporation’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws, unless a corporation’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws, as the case may be, requires a greater percentage. Upon completion of this offering, our amended and restated bylaws may be amended or repealed by a majority vote of our board of directors or by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the votes which all our stockholders would be entitled to cast in any annual election of directors. In addition, the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the votes which all our stockholders would be entitled to cast in any annual election of directors will be required to amend or repeal or to adopt any provisions inconsistent with any of the provisions of our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation.
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The foregoing provisions of our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws could discourage potential acquisition proposals and could delay or prevent a change in control. These provisions are intended to enhance the likelihood of continuity and stability in the composition of our board of directors and in the policies formulated by our board of directors and to discourage certain types of transactions that may involve an actual or threatened change of control. These provisions are designed to reduce our vulnerability to an unsolicited acquisition proposal. The provisions also are intended to discourage certain tactics that may be used in proxy fights. However, such provisions could have the effect of discouraging others from making tender offers for our shares and, as a consequence, they also may inhibit fluctuations in the market price of our shares of Class A common stock that could result from actual or rumored takeover attempts. Such provisions also may have the effect of preventing changes in our management or delaying or preventing a transaction that might benefit stockholders.
Dissenters’ Rights of Appraisal and Payment
Under the DGCL, with certain exceptions, our stockholders will have appraisal rights in connection with a merger or consolidation of Vida Global. Pursuant to Section 262 of the DGCL, stockholders who properly request and perfect appraisal rights in connection with such merger or consolidation will have the right to receive payment of the fair value of their shares as determined by the Delaware Court of Chancery.
Stockholders’ Derivative Actions
Under the DGCL, any of our stockholders may bring an action in our name to procure a judgment in our favor, also known as a derivative action, provided that the stockholder bringing the action is a holder of our shares at the time of the transaction to which the action relates or such stockholder’s shares thereafter devolved by operation of law.
Exclusive Forum
Our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Delaware Court of Chancery shall, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, be the sole and exclusive forum for any (i) derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (ii) action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers or other employees or stockholders to us or our stockholders, (iii) action asserting a claim against us, any director or our officers and employees arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation or our amended and restated bylaws, or as to which the DGCL confers exclusive jurisdiction on the Court of Chancery, (iv) action to interpret, apply, enforce or determine the validity of our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation or our amended and restated bylaws, (v) action asserting a claim against us, any director or our officers or employees that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine, or (vi) any action asserting an “internal corporate claim” as defined in Section 115 of the DGCL; provided, however, that the exclusive forum provisions will not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Exchange Act, or to any claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. Our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation will further provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts are the sole and exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act, subject to a final adjudication in the State of Delaware of the enforceability of such exclusive forum provision. We note that investors cannot waive compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. Although we believe the provision benefits us by providing increased consistency in the application of Delaware law in the types of lawsuits to which it applies, the provision may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against our directors and officers. See “Risk Factors- Risks Related to Our Initial Public Offering and Ownership of Our Class A Common Stock - Our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation will contain exclusive forum provisions that could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or employees.”
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Officers and Directors
The DGCL authorizes corporations to limit or eliminate the personal liability of directors to corporations and their stockholders for monetary damages for breaches of directors’ fiduciary duties, subject to certain exceptions. Our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation will include a provision that eliminates the personal liability of directors for monetary damages to us or our stockholders for any breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except to the extent such exemption from liability or limitation thereof is not permitted under the DGCL. The effect of these provisions is to eliminate the rights of us and our stockholders, through stockholders’ derivative suits on our behalf, to recover monetary damages from a director for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, including breaches resulting from grossly negligent behavior. However, exculpation does not apply to any breaches of the director’s duty of loyalty, any acts or omissions not in good faith or that involve intentional misconduct or knowing violation of law, any authorization of dividends or stock redemptions or repurchases paid or made in violation of the DGCL, or for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.
Our amended and restated bylaws will generally provide that we must indemnify and advance expenses to our directors and officers to the fullest extent authorized by the DGCL. We also are expressly authorized to carry directors’ and officers’ liability insurance providing indemnification for our directors, officers and certain employees for some liabilities. We believe that these indemnification and advancement provisions and insurance are useful to attract and retain qualified directors and executive officers.
The limitation of liability, indemnification and advancement provisions in our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against directors for breach of their fiduciary duty. These provisions also may have the effect of reducing the likelihood of derivative litigation against directors and officers, even though such an action, if successful, might otherwise benefit us and our stockholders. In addition, your investment may be adversely affected to the extent we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and officers pursuant to these indemnification provisions.
There is no pending litigation or proceeding naming any of our directors or officers to which indemnification is being sought, and we are not aware of any pending or threatened litigation that may result in claims for indemnification by any director or officer.
Indemnification Agreements
We are party to indemnification agreements with each of our directors and certain of our executive officers as described in “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions-Indemnification Agreements.” Prior to the completion of this offering, we intend to enter into separate indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors or executive officers, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy and is therefore unenforceable.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
The transfer agent and registrar for shares of our Class A common stock will be Vinyl Equity, LLC. The transfer agent’s principal business address is PO Box 247, Winnetka, Illinois, 60093, and its telephone number is (888) 808-4695.
Listing
We intend to apply to list our Class A common stock on the NYSE American under the symbol “VIDA”. The closing of this offering is conditioned upon NYSE American’s final approval of our listing application, and there is no guarantee or assurance that our Class A common stock will be approved for listing on NYSE American.
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U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS FOR NON-U.S. HOLDERS
The following is a summary of U.S. federal income tax considerations generally applicable to non-U.S. Holders (as defined below) with respect to the ownership and disposition of shares of our Class A common stock issued pursuant to this offering and who hold such shares as a capital asset (generally, property held for investment) within the meaning of the Code. This summary is based on the Code, applicable Treasury regulations, administrative interpretations and court decisions, each as in effect as of the date of this document and all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. This summary is not binding on the IRS, and there can be no assurance that the IRS or a court will agree with the conclusions stated herein. This summary is not a complete description of all the U.S. federal income tax considerations that may be relevant to a particular non-U.S. Holder subject to special rules, including, without limitation:
| ● | a financial institution; |
| ● | an insurance company; |
| ● | a controlled foreign corporation; |
| ● | a passive foreign investment company; |
| ● | a tax-exempt entity or governmental organization; |
| ● | a U.S. expatriate or former long-term resident of the United States; |
| ● | a pass-through entity (such as a partnership or entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) or an investor in such an entity; |
| ● | a trader, dealer or broker in securities or foreign currencies, including one who elects to apply a mark-to-market method of accounting; |
| ● | a stockholder who holds shares of our Class A common stock as part of a straddle, hedge, conversion, appreciated financial position, constructive sale or other integrated transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes; |
| ● | a stockholder who acquired shares of our Class A common stock pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options or otherwise as compensation; and |
| ● | a stockholder who actually or constructively owns, or has owned, 10% or more of our stock (by vote or value). |
If an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds shares of our Class A common stock, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of that partnership. A partner in a partnership that holds shares of our Class A common stock should consult its tax advisor.
Additionally, this discussion does not include any information with respect to U.S. federal estate, gift, and alternative minimum tax laws, the Medicare tax on certain net investment income, or any applicable state, local, or non-U.S. tax laws. Non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the application of U.S. federal taxation to its particular circumstances, and the state, local, non-U.S. and other tax considerations of the ownership and disposition of shares of our Class A common stock.
For purposes of this summary, a “non-U.S. Holder” refers to a beneficial owner of shares of our Class A common stock that is not, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (i) an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States; (ii) a corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia; (iii) an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; (iv) a trust (x) that is subject to the supervision of a court within the United States and the control of one or more U.S. persons or (y) that has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person for U.S. federal income tax purposes; or (v) a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
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Dividends
Distributions of cash or property on our Class A common stock will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits as determined under the Code. Any distribution not constituting a dividend will be treated first as reducing a non-U.S. Holder’s basis in its shares of our Class A common stock and, to the extent it exceeds such basis, as gain from the disposition of shares of our Class A common stock, which would generally be treated as described under “-Sale or Other Disposition of Shares of our Common Stock” below.
Subject to the discussion below under “-Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act” and the discussion below on effectively connected income, dividends with respect to shares of our Class A common stock will generally be subject to U.S. withholding tax at a rate of 30% of the gross amount, unless a non-U.S. Holder is eligible for a reduced rate of withholding tax under an applicable income tax treaty and provides proper certification of its eligibility for such reduced rate (usually on an IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E). A non-U.S. Holder that does not timely furnish the required documentation, but that qualifies for a reduced treaty rate, may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld by timely filing an appropriate claim for refund with the IRS. Non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding their entitlement to benefits under any applicable tax treaties.
Dividends paid to a non-U.S. Holder that are effectively connected with such non-U.S. Holder’s conduct of a trade or business within the United States (and, if certain income tax treaties apply, are attributable to a U.S. permanent establishment maintained by such non-U.S. Holder) will generally not be subject to U.S. withholding tax if such non-U.S. Holder complies with applicable certification and disclosure requirements (usually by providing an IRS Form W-8ECI). Instead, such dividends generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax, net of certain deductions, at the same graduated individual or corporate rates applicable to U.S. persons. A non-U.S. Holder that is a corporation may also be subject to a “branch profits tax” at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty) with respect to effectively connected income. Non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding any applicable tax treaties that may provide for different rules.
Sale or Other Disposition of Shares of our Common Stock
Any gain realized on the disposition of shares of our Class A common stock by a non-U.S. Holder will generally not be subject to U.S. federal income tax unless:
| ● | such gain is “effectively connected” with a trade or business of the non-U.S. Holder in the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, is attributable to the non-U.S. Holder’s permanent establishment in the United States); |
| ● | the non-U.S. Holder is an individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of the exchange and certain other conditions are met; or |
| ● | shares of our Class A common stock constitute a U.S. real property interest by reason of our status as a U.S. real property holding corporation, or a USRPHC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes. |
Gain described in the first bullet point above generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis at the regular graduated rates. A non-U.S. Holder that is a corporation also may be subject to a branch profits tax at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on such effectively connected gain, as adjusted for certain items.
Gain described in the second bullet point above will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty), which may be offset by certain U.S. source capital losses of the non-U.S. Holder (even though the individual is not considered a resident of the United States), provided the non-U.S. Holder has timely filed U.S. federal income tax returns with respect to such losses.
With respect to the third bullet point above, we believe we currently are not, and do not anticipate becoming, a USRPHC. Because the determination of whether we are a USRPHC depends, however, on the fair market value of our U.S. real property interests relative to the fair market value of our non-U.S. real property interests and our other business assets, there can be no assurance that we currently are not a USRPHC or will not become one in the future. Even if we are or were to become a USRPHC, gain arising from the sale or other taxable disposition by a non-U.S. Holder will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax if our Class A common stock is “regularly traded,” as defined by applicable Treasury Regulations, on an established securities market at the time of such sale or other disposition, and such non-U.S. Holder owned, actually and constructively, 5% or less of our Class A common stock throughout the shorter of the five-year period ending on the date of the sale or other taxable disposition or the non-U.S. Holder’s holding period. If we were a USRPHC and our Class A common stock were not considered to be “regularly traded” on an established securities market, such non-U.S. Holder (regardless of the percentage of stock owned) would be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a sale or other taxable disposition of our Class A common stock and a 15% withholding tax would apply to the gross proceeds from such disposition.
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Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act
Under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act, withholding will generally be required in certain circumstances on certain types of payments made to non-U.S. financial institutions and certain other non-U.S. entities. Specifically, a 30% withholding tax may be imposed on dividends on shares of our Class A common stock held by or through certain foreign financial institutions (including investment funds), unless such institution (i) enters into, and complies with, an agreement with the IRS to report, on an annual basis, information with respect to certain interests in, or accounts maintained by, the institution that are owned by certain U.S. persons or by certain non-U.S. entities that are wholly or partially owned by U.S. persons and to withhold on certain payments, or (ii) if required under an intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable foreign country, reports such information to its local tax authority, which will exchange such information with the U.S. authorities. An intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable foreign country may modify these requirements. Accordingly, the entity through which shares of our Class A common stock are held will affect the determination of whether such withholding is required. Similarly, dividends in respect of shares of our Class A common stock held by an investor that is a non-financial non-U.S. entity that does not qualify under certain exceptions will generally be subject to withholding at a rate of 30%, unless such entity either (i) certifies to the withholding agent that such entity does not have any “substantial United States owners” (as defined in the Code) or (ii) provides certain information regarding the entity’s “substantial United States owners,” which in turn will be required to be provided to the U.S. Department of the Treasury. Non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the possible implications of these rules on their investment in shares of our Class A common stock.
The U.S. Treasury Department has issued proposed Treasury Regulations that, if finalized in their present form, would eliminate withholding under FATCA with respect to payments of gross proceeds from a sale or other disposition of our Class A common stock. In the preamble to such proposed Treasury Regulations, the Treasury Secretary stated that taxpayers may generally rely on the proposed Treasury Regulations until final regulations are
issued.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
Information returns will be filed with the IRS in connection with payments of dividends and the proceeds from a sale or other disposition of our Class A common stock. A non-U.S. Holder may have to comply with certification procedures to establish that it is not a U.S. person in order to avoid information reporting and backup withholding requirements. The certification procedures required to claim a reduced rate of withholding under a treaty generally will satisfy the certification requirements necessary to avoid the backup withholding as well. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to a non-U.S. Holder will be allowed as a credit against such holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle such holder to a refund, provided that the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.
Copies of information returns that are filed with the IRS may also be made available under the provisions of an applicable treaty or agreement to the tax authorities of the country in which the non-U.S. Holder resides or is established.
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SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our Class A common stock. No prediction is made as to the effect, if any, future sales of shares, or the availability for future sales of shares, will have on the market price of our Class A common stock prevailing from time to time. The sale of substantial amounts of our Class A common stock in the public market, or the perception that such sales could occur, could harm the prevailing market price of our Class A common stock.
Upon completion of this offering, we will have outstanding 8,427,364 shares of Class A common stock and 5,426,402 shares of Class B common stock (or 8,927,364 shares of Class A common stock and 5,426,402 shares of Class B common stock if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full). Of these shares, all shares of Class A common stock sold in this offering will be freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act, except for any Class A common stock purchased by our “affiliates,” as defined in Rule 144, whose sales would be subject to the Rule 144 resale restrictions described below, other than the holding period requirement.
The remaining 5,094,030 shares of Class A common stock and 5,426,402 shares of Class B common stock will be “restricted securities,” as that term is defined in Rule 144. These restricted securities are eligible for public sale only if they are registered under the Securities Act or if they qualify for an exemption from registration, including under Rule 144 or Rule 701 under the Securities Act, which are summarized below. Restricted securities also may be sold outside of the United States to non-U.S. persons in accordance with Rule 904 of Regulation S.
Registration Statement on Form S-8
We intend to file one or more registration statements on Form S-8 under the Securities Act to register shares of our Class A common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of our Class A common stock issued pursuant to our 2026 Plan. Any such registration statement on Form S-8 will automatically become effective upon filing. Accordingly, shares of Class A common stock registered under such registration statement will be available for sale in the open market, subject to any vesting restrictions or the lock-up restrictions and Rule 144 limitations applicable to affiliates, as described below.
Lock-Up Agreements
We, all of our directors and executive officers, and holders of substantially all of our outstanding common stock have agreed with the underwriters, subject to certain exceptions, not to (1) offer for sale, sell, pledge, or otherwise dispose of (or enter into any transaction or device that is designed to, or could be expected to, result in the disposition by any person at any time in the future of) any shares of common stock (including, without limitation, shares of common stock that may be deemed to be beneficially owned by us or them in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC and shares of common stock that may be issued upon exercise of any options or warrants) or securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common stock (other than the stock and shares issued pursuant to employee benefit plans, qualified stock option plans, or other employee compensation plans existing on the date of this prospectus or pursuant to currently outstanding options, warrants or rights not issued under one of those plans), or sell or grant options, rights or warrants with respect to any shares of common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for common stock (other than the grant of options pursuant to option plans existing on the date of this prospectus), (2) enter into any swap or other derivatives transaction that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic benefits or risks of ownership of shares of common stock, whether any such transaction described in clause (1) or (2) above is to be settled by delivery of common stock or other securities, in cash or otherwise, (3) make any demand for or exercise any right or file or cause a registration statement to be filed, including any amendments thereto, with respect to the registration of any shares of common stock or securities convertible, exercisable or exchangeable into common stock or any of our other securities (other than any registration statement on Form S-8), or (4) publicly disclose the intention to do any of the foregoing, during the period from the date of this prospectus continuing through the date six (6) months after the date of this prospectus, except with the prior written consent of Benchmark. Benchmark has no current intention to release the aforementioned holders of our common stock from the lock-up restrictions described above. Our lock-up agreement will provide for certain exceptions. See “Underwriting.”
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Rule 144
In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, once we have been subject to and in compliance with the public company reporting requirements of Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act for at least 90 days, a person who is not deemed to have been one of our affiliates for purposes of the Securities Act at any time during the 90 days preceding a sale and who has beneficially owned the shares of our Class A common stock proposed to be sold for at least six months, including the holding period of any prior owner other than our affiliates, is entitled to sell those shares without complying with the manner of sale, volume limitation or notice provisions of Rule 144, subject to compliance with the public information requirements of Rule 144 and the requirements of the lock-up agreements, as described above, if applicable. If such a person has beneficially owned the shares of Class A common stock proposed to be sold for at least one year, including the holding period of any prior owner other than our affiliates, then that person would be entitled to sell those shares of Class A common stock (subject to the requirements of the lock-up agreements, as described above, if applicable) without complying with any of the requirements of Rule 144.
In general, under Rule 144, as currently in effect, our affiliates or persons selling shares of our Class A common stock on behalf of our affiliates are entitled to sell upon expiration of the lock-up agreements described above, if applicable, within any three-month period, a number of shares of Class A common stock that does not exceed the greater of:
| ● | 1% of the number of shares of our Class A common stock then outstanding, which will equal approximately 84,274 shares of our Class A common stock immediately after this offering assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option; and |
| ● | the average weekly trading volume of our Class A common stock on the NYSE American during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of a notice on Form 144 with respect to that sale. |
Sales under Rule 144 by our affiliates or persons selling shares of our Class A common stock on behalf of our affiliates are also subject to certain manner-of-sale provisions and notice requirements and to the availability of current public information about us. In addition, if the number of shares being sold under Rule 144 by an affiliate during any three-month period exceeds 5,000 shares or has an aggregate sale price in excess of $50,000, the seller must file a notice on Form 144 with the SEC and the NYSE American concurrently with either the placing of a sale order with the broker or the execution directly with a market maker.
Rule 701
Rule 701 under the Securities Act (“Rule 701”) generally allows a stockholder who was issued or purchased shares of our capital stock pursuant to a written compensatory plan or contract and who is not deemed to have been an affiliate of our Company during the immediately preceding 90 days to sell these shares in reliance upon Rule 144, but without being required to comply with the public information, holding period, volume limitation or notice provisions of Rule 144. Rule 701 also permits affiliates of our Company to sell their Rule 701 shares under Rule 144 without complying with the holding period requirements of Rule 144. All holders of Rule 701 shares, however, are required to wait until 90 days after the date of this prospectus before selling those shares pursuant to Rule 701. Moreover, all Rule 701 shares are subject to lock-up and market standoff agreements as described above and in the section titled “Underwriting” and will not become eligible for sale until the expiration of those agreements.
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In connection with this offering, we will enter into an underwriting agreement with The Benchmark Company, LLC (“Benchmark”), as representative of the underwriters named below (the “representative”). Subject to the terms and conditions stated in the underwriting agreement, dated , 2026, each underwriter named below has severally, and not jointly, agreed to purchase from us, on a firm commitment basis, the number of shares of our Class A common stock set forth opposite its name below, at the public offering price, less the underwriting discount set forth on the cover page of this prospectus.
| Underwriter | Number
of Shares |
|||
| The Benchmark Company, LLC | ||||
| Total | ||||
The underwriters are committed to purchase all of the shares of Class A common stock offered by us other than those covered by the option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock described below, if they purchase any such shares of Class A common stock. The obligations of the underwriters may be terminated upon the occurrence of certain events specified in the underwriting agreement. Furthermore, pursuant to the underwriting agreement, the underwriters’ obligations are subject to customary conditions, representations and warranties contained in the underwriting agreement, such as receipt by the underwriters of officers’ certificates and legal opinions.
We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against specified liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make in respect thereof.
The underwriters are offering the shares of Class A common stock, subject to prior sale, when, as and if issued to and accepted by them, subject to approval of legal matters by their counsel and other conditions specified in the underwriting agreement. The underwriters reserve the right to withdraw, cancel or modify offers to the public and to reject orders in whole or in part.
Over-Allotment Option
We have granted the underwriters an option, which is exercisable for up to 30 days after the closing date of the offering, that permits the underwriters to purchase up to an additional 15% of the total number of shares of Class A common stock on the same terms as the other shares being purchased by the underwriters from us. If the underwriters exercise this option in whole or in part, then the underwriters will be committed, subject to the conditions described in the underwriting agreement, to purchase the additional offered shares of Class A common stock in proportion to each of their commitments set forth in the prior table.
Discounts
We have agreed to sell the shares of Class A common stock to the underwriters at the initial offering price of $ per share, which represents the initial public offering price of the shares set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, less a seven percent (7%) underwriting discount.
The following table shows the public offering price, total underwriting discounts and commissions and proceeds to us before expenses. The information assumes either no exercise or full exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option.
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| Per Share | Total Without Over-Allotment Option | Total With Over-Allotment Option | ||||||||||
| Public offering price | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Underwriting discounts and commissions | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Proceeds to us before expenses | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
The underwriters propose to offer the shares of Class A common stock offered by us to the public at the public offering price per share of Class A common stock set forth on the cover of this prospectus. In addition, the underwriters may offer some of the shares of Class A common stock to other securities dealers at such price less a concession of $ per share. After the initial public offering, the public offering price and concession to dealers may be changed.
We will pay certain of the out-of-pocket accountable expenses of the underwriters in connection with this offering. The underwriting agreement, however, provides that in the event the offering is terminated, any advance expense deposits paid to the underwriters will be returned to the extent that offering expenses are not actually incurred in accordance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(4)(A).
We have agreed to pay the underwriters’ non-accountable expenses allowance equal to 1.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds of this offering. We have also agreed to pay for a certain amount of the underwriters’ accountable out-of-pocket expenses relating to this offering, including actual accountable road show expenses for the offering; prospectus tracking and compliance software for the offering; and the reasonable and documented fees and disbursements of the underwriters’ legal counsel; provided that these actual accountable expenses of the underwriters shall not exceed $175,000 in the aggregate, including the fees and disbursements of the underwriters’ legal counsel. In addition to the foregoing, we shall be responsible for the costs and expenses of background checks on our senior management and directors in an amount not to exceed $7,500.
We estimate that the total expenses of the offering payable by us, excluding underwriting discounts, commissions and expenses, will be approximately $1.1 million.
Discretionary Accounts
The underwriters do not intend to confirm sales of the securities offered hereby to any accounts over which they have discretionary authority.
Lock-Up Agreements
In connection with this offering, our directors and executive officers, and the other holders of substantially all of our common stock outstanding as of the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part will enter into customary “lock-up” agreements in favor of the underwriters for a period of six (6) months from the date of this offering, subject to customary exceptions. In addition, we have agreed with the underwriters that, for a period of six (6) months from the closing of this offering, we will not (a) offer, sell, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any of our capital stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for our capital stock; or (b) file or caused to be filed any registration statement with the SEC relating to the offering of any of our capital stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for our capital stock.
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Representative’s Warrants
We have agreed, upon the closing of this offering, including upon the closing of any offering of shares of Class A common stock sold to cover over allotments, if any, to issue to the representative warrants, or the representative’s warrants, to purchase a number of shares of Class A common stock equal to five percent (5.0%) of the total number of shares of Class A common stock sold in this public offering. The representative’s warrants will be exercisable at a price equal to $ per share (120% of the initial public offering price per share). The representative’s warrants will also be exercisable on a cashless basis. The representative’s warrants will be exercisable at any time and from time to time, in whole or in part, during the four-and-one-half year period commencing six months after the closing of this offering. The representative’s warrants will also provide for customary anti-dilution provisions and demand and “piggyback” registration rights with respect to the registration of the shares of Class A common stock underlying the representative’s warrants. The sole demand registration right provided will not be greater than five years from the commencement of sales of the securities issued in this offering in compliance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(8)(B) and 5110(g)(8)(C). The piggyback registration rights provided will not be greater than two years from the initial exercise date in compliance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(8)(D).
The representative’s warrants and the shares of Class A common stock underlying the representative’s warrants have been deemed compensation by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, or FINRA, and are therefore subject to a 180-day lock-up pursuant to Rule 5110(e) of FINRA. The representative, or permitted assignees under such rule, may not sell, transfer, assign, pledge, or hypothecate the representative’s warrants or the securities underlying the representative’s warrants, nor will the representative engage in any hedging, short sale, derivative, put, or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of the representative’s warrants or the underlying shares for a period of 180 days from the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. Additionally, the representative’s warrants may not be sold transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated for a 180-day period following the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part except to any underwriter and selected dealer participating in this offering and their bona fide officers or partners. The representative’s warrants will provide for adjustment in the number and price of the representative’s warrants and the shares of Class A common stock underlying such representative’s warrants in the event of recapitalization, merger, stock split or other structural transaction, or a future financing undertaken by us.
Right of First Refusal
We have granted Benchmark, as representative of the underwriters, a right of first refusal, for a period of twelve (12) months from the closing of this offering, to act as lead or joint investment banker, lead or joint book-runner, lead or joint placement agent, and/or investment banker/advisor for each and every future public and private equity or debt offering, including all equity linked financings during such twelve (12) month period, of our company, or any successor to or subsidiary of our company.
Fee Tail Period
For a period of twelve (12) months following the earlier to occur of the expiration or termination of our engagement agreement with Benchmark or the closing of this offering, and in the event that we receive any proceeds from the sale of our securities to certain investors with whom our company has had a conference call or a meeting arranged by Benchmark during the offering, we have agreed to pay to Benchmark an underwriting discount equal to seven percent (7.0%) of such gross proceeds.
Determination of Offering Price
The public offering price of the shares of Class A common stock we are offering was negotiated between us and the underwriters. Factors considered in determining the public offering price of the shares of Class A common stock include our history and prospects, the stage of development of our business, our business plans for the future and the extent to which they have been implemented, an assessment of our management, general conditions of the securities markets at the time of the offering and such other factors as were deemed relevant. An active trading market for our Class A common stock may not develop. It is also possible that after the offering, our Class A common stock will not trade in the public market at or above the public offering price.
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Stabilization
In connection with this offering, the underwriters may engage in stabilizing transactions, syndicate-covering transactions, penalty bids and purchases to cover positions created by short sales.
| ● | Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase securities so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum and are engaged in for the purpose of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the securities while the offering is in progress. |
| ● | Syndicate covering transactions involve purchases of securities in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover syndicate short positions. In determining the source of securities to close out the short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of securities available for purchase in the open market as compared with the price at which they may purchase securities through exercise of the option. If the underwriters sell more securities than could be covered by exercise of the option and, therefore, have a naked short position, the position can be closed out only by buying securities in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that after pricing there could be downward pressure on the price of the securities in the open market that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering. | |
| ● | Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member when the securities originally sold by that syndicate member are purchased in stabilizing or syndicate covering transactions to cover syndicate short positions. |
These stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our securities or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of our securities. As a result, the price of our securities in the open market may be higher than it would otherwise be in the absence of these transactions. Neither we nor the underwriters make any representation or prediction as to the effect that the transactions described above may have on the price of our securities. These transactions may be effected on the NYSE American, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.
Passive Market Making
In connection with this offering, the underwriters may engage in passive market making transactions in our Class A common stock. Passive market making consists of displaying bids limited by the prices of independent market makers and effecting purchases limited by those prices in response to order flow. Rule 103 of Regulation M promulgated by the SEC limits the amount of net purchases that each passive market maker may make and the displayed size of each bid. Passive market making may stabilize the market price of the Class a common stock at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.
Affiliations
The underwriters and their respective affiliates are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, investment research, principal investment, hedging, financing and brokerage activities. The underwriters and their affiliates may from time to time in the future engage with us and perform services for us or in the ordinary course of their business for which they will receive customary fees and expenses. In the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their respective affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers, and such investment and securities activities may involve securities and/or instruments of us. The underwriters and their respective affiliates may also make investment recommendations and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of these securities or instruments and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long and/or short positions in these securities and instruments.
| 125 |
Other Relationships
The underwriters and their respective affiliates may, in the future, provide various investment banking, commercial banking and other financial services for us and our affiliates for which they may in the future receive customary fees. However, except as disclosed in this prospectus, we have no present arrangements with the underwriters for any further services.
Indemnification
We have agreed to indemnify the several underwriters against certain liabilities, including certain liabilities under the Securities Act. If we are unable to provide this indemnification, we have agreed to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make in respect of those liabilities.
Electronic Distribution
A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on the internet sites or through other online services maintained by one or more of the underwriters participating in this offering, or by their affiliates. In those cases, prospective investors may view offering terms online and, depending upon the particular underwriter, prospective investors may be allowed to place orders online. The underwriters may agree with us to allocate a specific number of shares of Class A common stock for sale to online brokerage account holders. Any such allocation for online distributions will be made by the underwriters on the same basis as other allocations. Other than the prospectus in electronic format, the information on any underwriter’s website and any information contained in any other website maintained by an underwriter is not part of the prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, has not been approved and/or endorsed by us or any underwriter in its capacity as underwriter and should not be relied upon by investors.
Offer Restrictions Outside the United States
Other than in the United States, no action has been taken by us or the underwriters that would permit a public offering of the securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required. The securities offered by this prospectus may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, nor may this prospectus or any other offering material or advertisements in connection with the offer and sale of any such securities be distributed or published in any jurisdiction, except under circumstances that will result in compliance with the applicable rules and regulations of that jurisdiction. Persons into whose possession this prospectus comes are advised to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to the offering and the distribution of this prospectus. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction in which such an offer or a solicitation is unlawful.
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The validity of the issuance of the shares of Class A common stock offered hereby will be passed upon for VIDA Global Inc. by Lowenstein Sandler LLP, New York, New York. Lucosky Brookman LLP, Woodbridge, New Jersey is representing the underwriters.
The financial statements as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 and for the years then ended included in this prospectus have been so included in reliance on the report of Wipfli LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act with respect to the shares of Class A common stock offered by this prospectus. This prospectus, filed as part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement or the exhibits and schedules filed with the registration statement. You can find further information about us and the Class A common stock offered hereby in the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules filed with the registration statement. Statements in this prospectus about the contents of any contract, agreement or other document are not necessarily complete and, in each instance, we refer you to the copy of such contract, agreement or document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, with each such statement being qualified in all respects by reference to the document to which it refers. The SEC maintains an internet website that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. You may inspect these reports and other information without charge at the SEC’s website (http://www.sec.gov).
Upon the completion of this offering, we will become subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act and will be required to file periodic reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. You will be able to inspect this material without charge at the SEC’s website. We intend to furnish our stockholders with annual reports containing our financial statements audited by an independent accounting firm.
In addition, following the completion of this offering, we will make the information filed with or furnished to the SEC available free of charge through our website (https://vida.io/) as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. The information contained in, or that can be accessed through, our website is not incorporated by reference and is not part of this prospectus.
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VIDA GLOBAL INC.
Financial Statements
For the Years Ended December 31, 2025 and 2024
(With Comparative Figures)
Table of Contents
| F-1 |
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
Vida Global Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Vida Global Inc. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, and the related statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB and in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ Wipfli LLP
Wipfli LLP
Radnor, Pennsylvania
March 24, 2026
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2025.
“Wipfli” is the brand name under which Wipfli LLP and Wipfli Advisory LLC and its respective subsidiary entities provide professional services. Wipfli LLP and Wipfli Advisory LLC (and its respective subsidiary entities) practice in an alternative practice structure in accordance with the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct and applicable law, regulations, and professional standards. Wipfli LLP is a licensed independent CPA firm that provides attest services to its clients, and Wipfli Advisory LLC provides tax and business consulting services to its clients. Wipfli Advisory LLC and its subsidiary entities are not licensed CPA firms.
| F-2 |
As of December 31, 2025 and 2024
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Assets | ||||||||
| Current Assets | ||||||||
| Cash | $ | 2,317,761 | $ | 724,296 | ||||
| Accounts receivable | $ | 101,667 | $ | 19,840 | ||||
| Contract asset - unbilled usage | $ | 11,990 | $ | 0 | ||||
| Prepaid expenses and other | $ | 321,437 | $ | 35,025 | ||||
| Total Current Assets | $ | 2,752,855 | $ | 779,161 | ||||
| Bitcoin | $ | 1,023,306 | $ | 992,437 | ||||
| Right of use (ROU) asset, net - Operating | $ | 0 | $ | 6,436 | ||||
| Capitalized software costs, net | $ | 2,362,313 | $ | 1,853,107 | ||||
| Computer equipment, net | $ | 6,511 | $ | 0 | ||||
| Other assets | $ | 1,454 | $ | 1,450 | ||||
| Total Assets | $ | 6,146,339 | $ | 3,632,591 | ||||
| Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||
| Current Liabilities | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | 184,349 | $ | 6,358 | ||||
| Credit card payable | $ | 107,807 | $ | 31,731 | ||||
| Deferred revenue | $ | 29,440 | $ | 1,730 | ||||
| Lease liability - Operating | $ | 0 | $ | 6,436 | ||||
| Total Current Liabilities | $ | 321,596 | $ | 46,255 | ||||
| Total Liabilities | $ | 321,596 | $ | 46,255 | ||||
Commitments and Contingencies | ||||||||
| Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||
| Preferred stock: $0.001 par value; 1,318,836 and 631,338 authorized; 1,242,635 and 631,336 shares issued, and outstanding, at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively | $ | 1,243 | $ | 632 | ||||
| Common stock: $0.001 par value: 3,913,000 and 2,420,624 shares authorized; 1,520,000 and 1,520,000 shares issued and outstanding, at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively | $ | 1,520 | $ | 1,520 | ||||
| Additional paid-in capital | $ | 10,408,925 | $ | 5,273,226 | ||||
| Accumulated deficit | $ | (4,586,845 | ) | $ | (1,689,042 | ) | ||
| Total Stockholders’ Equity | $ | 5,824,843 | $ | 3,586,336 | ||||
| Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | $ | 6,146,339 | $ | 3,632,591 | ||||
See accompanying Notes to Financial Statements
| F-3 |
For the Years Ended December 31, 2025 and 2024
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Revenue | $ | 551,383 | $ | 14,402 | ||||
| Cost of revenue – exclusive of amortization of capitalized software costs shown separately | $ | 465,075 | $ | 242,233 | ||||
| Amortization and depreciation | $ | 524,320 | $ | 385,463 | ||||
| Sales and marketing | $ | 723,999 | $ | 303,925 | ||||
| General and administrative | $ | 1,714,091 | $ | 359,662 | ||||
| Total Operating Expenses | $ | 3,427,485 | $ | 1,291,283 | ||||
| Operating Loss | $ | (2,876,102 | ) | $ | (1,276,881 | ) | ||
| Other Income (Expense) | ||||||||
| Realized gain on bitcoin | $ | 174,828 | $ | 1,077 | ||||
| Unrealized gain (loss) on bitcoin | $ | (196,529 | ) | $ | 533,326 | |||
| Total Other Income (Expense) | $ | (21,701 | ) | $ | 534,403 | |||
| Net Loss | $ | (2,897,803 | ) | $ | (742,478 | ) | ||
| Basic loss per common share: | ||||||||
| Net loss per share | $ | (2.76 | ) | $ | (1.05 | ) | ||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding | 1,049,148 | 707,305 | ||||||
| Diluted loss per common share: | ||||||||
| Net loss per share | $ | (2.76 | ) | $ | (1.05 | ) | ||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding | 1,049,148 | 707,305 | ||||||
See accompanying Notes to Financial Statements
| F-4 |
Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
| Preferred Stock Shares | Preferred Stock Amount | Common Stock Shares | Common Stock Amount | Additional Paid-In Capital | Accumulated Deficit | Total Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at January 1, 2024 | 631,336 | $ | 632 | 1,520,000 | $ | 1,520 | $ | 4,828,645 | $ | (946,564 | ) | $ | 3,884,233 | |||||||||||||||
| Stock-Based Compensation | — | — | — | — | $ | 444,581 | — | $ | 444,581 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net Loss | — | — | — | $ | (742,478 | ) | $ | (742,478 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2024 | 631,336 | $ | 632 | 1,520,000 | $ | 1,520 | $ | 5,273,226 | $ | (1,689,042 | ) | $ | 3,586,336 | |||||||||||||||
| Issuance of Restricted Common Stock | — | — | 321,584 | $ | 322 | $ | 295,536 | — | $ | 295,858 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Surrender and Cancellation of Restricted Common Stock | (321,584 | ) | $ | (322 | ) | $ | 322 | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of Series A Preferred Stock, net of issuance cost of $145,366 | 611,299 | $ | 611 | — | - | $ | 3,250,586 | — | $ | 3,251,197 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of Warrants | — | — | — | $ | 605,165 | — | $ | 605,165 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-Based Compensation | — | — | — | — | $ | 984,090 | — | $ | 984,090 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net Loss | — | — | — | — | — | $ | (2,897,803 | ) | $ | (2,897,803 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2025 | 1,242,635 | $ | 1,243 | 1,520,000 | $ | 1,520 | $ | 10,408,925 | $ | (4,586,845 | ) | $ | 5,824,843 | |||||||||||||||
See accompanying Notes to Financial Statements
| F-5 |
For the Years Ended December 31, 2025 and 2024
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Cash Flows from Operating Activities | ||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (2,897,803 | ) | $ | (742,478 | ) | ||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used in) operating activities: | ||||||||
| Amortization and depreciation | $ | 524,320 | $ | 385,463 | ||||
| Unrealized (gain) loss on bitcoin | $ | 196,529 | $ | (533,326 | ) | |||
| Realized (gain) on bitcoin | $ | (174,828 | ) | $ | (1,077 | ) | ||
| Stock-based compensation – Restricted stock | $ | 562,790 | $ | 105,518 | ||||
| Stock-based compensation - Stock options | $ | 52,595 | $ | 294 | ||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable | $ | (81,827 | ) | $ | (17,745 | ) | ||
| Contract asset | $ | (11,990 | ) | $ | 0 | |||
| Prepaid expenses and other | $ | (151,283 | ) | $ | (9,118 | ) | ||
| Accounts payable and credit card payable | $ | 118,934 | $ | 3,722 | ||||
| Deferred revenue | $ | 27,710 | $ | 1,720 | ||||
| Net Cash (Used in) Operating Activities | $ | (1,834,854 | ) | $ | (807,027 | ) | ||
| Cash Flows from Investing Activities | ||||||||
| Capitalized software costs | $ | (664,230 | ) | $ | (606,668 | ) | ||
| Purchase of fixed assets | $ | (7,102 | ) | $ | 0 | |||
| Purchase of bitcoin | $ | (263,658 | ) | $ | (80,311 | ) | ||
| Sale of bitcoin | $ | 219,236 | $ | 1,623 | ||||
| Net Cash (Used in) Investing Activities | $ | (715,753 | ) | $ | (685,356 | ) | ||
| Cash Flows from Financing Activities | ||||||||
| Issuance of Series A preferred stock | $ | 3,388,415 | $ | 0 | ||||
| Issuance of warrants | $ | 605,165 | $ | 0 | ||||
| Proceeds from sale of restricted common stock | $ | 295,858 | $ | 0 | ||||
| Payment of equity issuance costs | $ | (145,366 | ) | $ | 0 | |||
| Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities | $ | 4,144,072 | $ | 0 | ||||
| Net increase (Decrease) in Cash | $ | 1,593,465 | $ | (1,492,383 | ) | |||
| Cash at beginning of year | $ | 724,296 | $ | 2,216,679 | ||||
| Cash at end of year | $ | 2,317,761 | $ | 724,296 | ||||
| Noncash investing and financing activities | ||||||||
| Capitalization of ROU asset in exchange for lease liability | $ | 0 | $ | 7,560 | ||||
| Stock-based compensation capitalized as software costs | $ | 368,705 | $ | 338,769 | ||||
| Receipt of bitcoin in exchange for Series A preferred stock | $ | 8,148 | $ | 0 | ||||
| Prepaid equity issuance costs included in accounts payable | $ | 135,133 | $ | 0 | ||||
See accompanying Notes to Financial Statements
| F-6 |
Notes to the Financial Statements
VIDA Global Inc.
As of and for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024
1. Nature of Operations
VIDA Global Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in Delaware in 2022 and is headquartered in Cedar Park, Texas. The Company is a software as a service (“SaaS”) provider delivering a cloud-based AI agent operating system that enables enterprises, service providers, and resellers to build, deploy, and manage omnichannel AI agents that handle voice calls, text messages, emails, and web chat while automating business workflows at scale. These AI agents are used by telecom providers, managed service providers, and small and medium sized businesses across a range of industries to automate customer service, lead qualification, scheduling, sales, and other customer engagement tasks.
The Company operates as a single operating segment and a single reportable segment based on how its chief operating decision maker reviews financial information and manages the business. Substantially all of the Company’s long-lived assets are located in the United States, and substantially all of the Company’s revenue is derived from customers located in the United States.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and presented in U.S. dollars under the accrual basis of accounting.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions affecting the amounts reported and disclosed in the accompanying financial statements and related footnotes, including fair value measurement of stock-based compensation and warrants, capitalized software costs including useful lives, impairment, and recoverability, and realizability of deferred tax assets. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Due to the early stage of the Company’s operations and the rapidly evolving nature of its industry, it is at least reasonably possible that estimates made in preparing the financial statements could change in the near term as new events occur, additional information becomes available or the Company’s operating environment changes. Such changes in estimates could be material to the financial statements.
Revenue Recognition
Under Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, the Company recognizes revenue when control of the promised services is transferred to customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration expected in exchange for those services. Revenue is derived from SaaS subscriptions with fixed monthly billing terms, plus usage fees when customers exceed usage tiers.
Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is derived from subscription arrangements that provide customers with access to the Company’s cloud-based platform on a stand-ready basis over the contract term, which is typically one month. The Company’s performance obligation is satisfied over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Company’s services.
The Company’s contracts generally renew automatically on a monthly basis and are cancellable by the customer with minimal notice. Consideration is typically billed in advance on a monthly basis based on the contracted subscription plan, with additional usage-based consideration billed monthly in arrears when customers exceed their contracted usage tiers. For the majority of the Company’s customers, amounts billed are collected immediately via credit card through a third-party payment processor. Starting in 2025, select customers are extended payment terms of 30 days. The Company has concluded that its contracts do not contain a significant financing component because the period between transfer of services and customer payment is generally one year or less.
The Company allocates the transaction price to the single performance obligation in the contract, which is access to the hosted platform, and recognizes revenue on a straight-line basis over the monthly service period. Variable consideration related to usage fees is recognized in the distinct monthly contract period the usage fees are incurred and the services are transferred utilizing the variable consideration allocation exception. Due to the timing of billing and use of the variable consideration allocation exception, variable consideration is not constrained.
Substantially all revenue is derived from a single revenue stream consisting of subscription and related usage-based fees from the Company’s cloud-based platform. Management, therefore, believes that the level of disaggregation presented in the statements of operations appropriately depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.
Cost of Revenue
Cost of revenue consists primarily of software and related technology expenses incurred to operate, maintain, and support the Company’s software platform that is delivered to customers. These costs generally include third-party software licenses, hosting and cloud infrastructure fees, data and network services, and other technology costs directly associated with providing access to the Company’s platform.
| F-7 |
Cost of revenue excludes expenses that are subject to capitalization, including internal and external costs incurred to develop or significantly enhance the underlying software platform or other capitalizable technology assets. Such capitalizable costs are recorded as capitalized software costs and are amortized to expense over their estimated useful lives, which is presented separately as a component of operating expenses on the statements of operations. Cost of revenue also excludes general and administrative expenses, sales and marketing expenses, and other overhead costs that are not directly attributable to delivering the Company’s software platform to customers.
Contract Balances
Contract Liabilities (Deferred Revenue)
The Company records deferred revenue for amounts billed but not yet earned. Amounts are typically earned in the following month due to the Company’s monthly contract terms and billing practices.
The table below presents a roll forward of contract liabilities (deferred revenue) for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Beginning balance | $ | 1,730 | $ | 10 | ||||
| Revenue recognized | $ | (333,203 | ) | $ | (14,133 | ) | ||
| Billings | $ | 360,913 | $ | 15,853 | ||||
| Ending balance | $ | 29,440 | $ | 1,730 | ||||
Contract Assets
The Company’s contract assets consist entirely of unbilled usage fees that arise when customers exceed their contracted usage tiers during the month but have not yet been invoiced as of the balance sheet date. Such amounts are billed to customers in the month following the period in which the usage is incurred and are classified within current assets on the balance sheets. At December 31, 2025, the contract asset balance was $11,990, representing December usage fees earned but not yet invoiced as of that date. There were no contract asset balances at December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable is recorded at the invoiced amount and represents uncollateralized amounts due from customers under customary trade credit terms. At December 31, 2025, the accounts receivable balance primarily consists of amounts owed by a limited number of customers under 30 day payment terms. At December 31, 2024, accounts receivable consists solely of amounts owed to the Company by its payment processor for amounts the payment processor has collected from the end customer but not yet remitted to the Company. For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, substantially all outstanding accounts receivable balances were collected subsequent to year-end.
Allowance for Credit Losses
The carrying amount of accounts receivable and contract assets are recorded net of an allowance for credit losses, if any. The Company estimates expected credit losses on its accounts receivable and contract assets using the current expected credit loss model based on factors such as historical loss experience, the aging of receivables, the credit quality of its customers, current economic conditions and other applicable factors. For the year ended December 31, 2025 (upon adoption of ASU 2025-05), the Company assumes that current conditions as of the balance sheet date will not change over the remaining life of the asset. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company made assessments of current conditions as of the balance sheet date and expected changes during a reasonable and supportable forecast period when estimating expected credit losses. Balances are written off when management determines that collection is not probable. Recoveries of amounts previously written off are recorded when received.
The Company did not record an allowance for credit losses for accounts receivable or contract assets as of December 31, 2025 or 2024 because expected credit losses were not material based on the Company’s limited loss history and the credit quality of its customers. In addition, no credit loss expense or recoveries income was recognized during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, bitcoin, and accounts receivable.
Cash is maintained with high quality financial institutions and, at times, such balances may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses on such accounts, and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant credit risk on its cash balances. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, balances held as Cash at these financial institutions were $2,317,761 and $724,296, respectively.
As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the majority of the Company’s bitcoin holdings were held by a third party custodian. The holdings are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Company (FDIC) or protected by the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SPIC). The concentration of bitcoin holdings limits the risk mitigation that could be achieved if the Company were to purchase a more diversified portfolio of investments. The Company’s strategy of acquiring and holding bitcoin creates exposure to counterparty risks with respect to the custody of its bitcoin, cybersecurity risks, and other risks inherent to holding a digital asset. The Company is relying on the custodian’s internal controls and compliance with SOC 2 Type 2 standards. A disruption in the operations or a breach of security at the custodian could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position. Additionally, the price of bitcoin has historically experienced significant price volatility, and a significant decline in the fair value of bitcoin would adversely affect the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.
| F-8 |
For 2025, concentration of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable is primarily from one larger customer accounting for 65% of the balance. No other customer balance was over 10% of the total balance. All receivables have been subsequently collected. For 2024, substantially all of the Company’s accounts receivable are due from the Company’s payment processor.
The Company also has concentration risk related to its revenues. During the year ended December 31, 2025, two customers accounted for approximately 43% of revenue, with one customer representing 13% of revenue while the other represents 30% of revenue. While the Company continues to pursue diversification of its customer base, the loss of, or significant reduction in business from, either of these major customers could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. During the year ended December 31, 2024, no single customer accounted for 10% or more of revenue.
Advertising Costs
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and are included in sales and marketing expense in the statements of operations. Advertising expenses were $301,011 and $120,960 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Bitcoin and Digital Assets
The Company holds bitcoin as part of its treasury strategy. Bitcoin is accounted for as a digital asset and is presented separately within long-term assets on the balance sheets. The Company measures its bitcoin holdings at fair value on a recurring basis using quoted prices in active markets (Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy). Changes in the fair value of bitcoin, including both realized gains and losses on sale and unrealized gains and losses arising from remeasurement, are recorded in other income (expense) in the statements of operations. Transaction costs incurred to acquire bitcoin are expensed as incurred. The Company does not hold digital assets on behalf of customers.
The Company uses the First-in, First-out (FIFO) method as its standard cost basis method for its bitcoin for accounting and reporting purposes. Under the FIFO method, the earliest bitcoin acquired are treated as the first ones sold or used, so the oldest cost layers are utilized first when calculating cost basis and gains and losses resulting from the sale or disposal of bitcoin assets.
Below is a rollforward of the bitcoin held for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024. USD column reflects the fair market value of the bitcoin held by the Company as of the year end (December 31st) dates, along with the fair value at the point in time of purchase, contribution, or sale for the respective transactions completed throughout the course of the years presented.
| Bitcoin Holdings | BTC | USD | ||||||
| December 31, 2023 | 9.005 | $ | 379,346 | |||||
| Purchases | 1.651 | $ | 80,311 | |||||
| Sale proceeds | (0.039 | ) | $ | (1,623 | ) | |||
| Unrealized gain on bitcoin | $ | 533,326 | ||||||
| Realized gain on bitcoin | $ | 1,077 | ||||||
| December 31, 2024 | 10.617 | $ | 992,437 | |||||
| Purchases | 3.000 | $ | 263,658 | |||||
| Sale proceeds | (2.000 | ) | $ | (219,236 | ) | |||
| Contribution in exchange of preferred stock | 0.073 | $ | 8,148 | |||||
| Unrealized loss on bitcoin | $ | (196,529 | ) | |||||
| Realized gain on bitcoin | $ | 174,828 | ||||||
| December 31, 2025 | 11.690 | $ | 1,023,306 | |||||
Below is a breakdown of the cost of the bitcoin acquired, as well as the unrealized gain that in total reflects the fair market value on the balance sheets.
| As of December 31 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||
| Cost Basis | $ | 570,659 | $ | 343,261 | ||||
| Unrealized Gain | $ | 452,647 | $ | 649,176 | ||||
| Total fair market value of bitcoin held | $ | 1,023,306 | $ | 992,437 | ||||
Capitalized Software Costs
Capitalized software costs consist of capitalized internal-use software developed to support the Company’s AI voice agent platform, telephony infrastructure, billing systems, and related technologies.
The Company capitalizes qualifying costs incurred during the application development stage of internal-use software in accordance with ASC 350-40, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other: Internal Use Software. Capitalization begins when the preliminary project stage is completed and management authorizes the project, it is probable the project will be completed, and the software will be used to support the Company’s operations. Costs incurred during the preliminary project stage (including research and evaluation of alternatives) and post-implementation activities (including maintenance, bug fixes, enhancements that do not add new functionality, training, and general administrative activities) are expensed as incurred.
Capitalized software development costs primarily include payroll, benefits, and stock-based compensation for employees directly involved in development, fees paid to third-party contractors, and other direct development costs. Indirect overhead and general project management costs are not capitalized.
Capitalized internal-use software is included in “Capitalized software costs” on the balance sheets and is amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life, currently five years, beginning when the software is placed in service. The Company determines the appropriate useful life of its internal-use software by evaluating the expected economic benefit and the period over which the software will be used in operations. Amortization expense is recorded along with depreciation expense as a separate component of operating expenses on the statements of operations. The Company reviews capitalized software costs for impairment when events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable, consistent with its policy for long-lived assets.
| F-9 |
Software development costs that do not qualify for capitalization are expensed as incurred and included in general and administrative expense on the statements of operations.
Computer Equipment
Computer equipment is recorded at cost. The Company capitalizes computer equipment with an individual cost exceeding $2,000 and an estimated useful life greater than one year. Costs for repairs, maintenance, and minor replacements are expensed as incurred. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Computer equipment is depreciated over three (3) years. See Note 4 for additional detail.
Long-Lived Assets and Impairment
The Company evaluates long-lived assets, which consist primarily of capitalized software costs, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Indicators of impairment may include a significant decline in the observable market value of an asset, a significant change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used or its physical condition, a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate, or current period operating or cash flow losses combined with a history of such losses or projections of continuing losses.
Recoverability of long lived assets is assessed by comparing the carrying amount of the asset group to the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset group. If the carrying amount exceeds the undiscounted cash flows, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the excess of the carrying amount over the asset’s fair value. Fair value is generally determined using discounted cash flow models or other valuation techniques.
Based on operating losses and negative cash flows from operations for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, management evaluated the carrying amount of the capitalized software costs for impairment and determined that none was necessary based on the following factors:
(1) Continued usage and development of the Company’s single software platform.
(2) Increased revenues experienced in 2025 as well as additional increases expected in 2026 and future years based on executed customer contracts and forecasted sales.
As such, the Company did not recognize any impairment charges on long-lived assets for the years ended December 31, 2025 or 2024.
Leases
The Company accounts for leases in accordance with ASC 842, Leases. At the inception of an arrangement, the Company determines whether the arrangement is or contains a lease by assessing whether the arrangement conveys the Company the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from use of an identified asset and the right to direct the use of that asset for a period of time. For leases with a term greater than 12 months, the Company recognizes a ROU asset and a corresponding lease liability on the balance sheet at the lease commencement date. ROU assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments.
Lease liabilities are measured at the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted using the Company’s incremental borrowing rate if the rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable. The related ROU assets are measured at the amount of the lease liability, adjusted for any prepaid lease payments, initial direct costs, and lease incentives received. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The Company has elected the practical expedient to not separate nonlease components from lease components for its office lease, treating the combined amount as a single lease component. The Company also elects the practical expedient for short term leases. As a result, short term leases, defined as leases with a non-cancellable term of 12 months or less and no reasonably certain renewal options, are not recorded on the balance sheet, and lease payments associated with these leases are recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting bases and the tax bases of assets and liabilities, as well as for net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.
A valuation allowance is established if it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. In making this assessment, the Company evaluates all available positive and negative evidence, including historical operating results, forecasts of future taxable income, reversal of existing temporary differences, and tax planning strategies. The Company has incurred net operating losses since inception and has recorded a full valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets.
| F-10 |
The Company recognizes the effect of an income tax position only if it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination based on the technical merits of the position. Unrecognized tax benefits, if any, are recorded as a liability and adjusted in the period in which new information becomes available. Interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions, if any, are recognized as a component of income tax expense in the statements of operations.
The Company’s income tax returns remain subject to examination by tax authorities for all periods since inception.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company applies the fair value hierarchy established in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels.
| ● | Level 1 inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. | |
| ● | Level 2 inputs are observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1. | |
| ● | Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs. |
The Company’s financial instruments primarily consist of cash, bitcoin, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and credit card payable. The carrying amounts of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and credit card payable approximate their fair values because of the short-term nature of these instruments.
Recurring Measurement
Bitcoin is measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as described above, using quoted prices in active markets (Level 1). As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company did not have any financial instruments measured at fair value that were classified as Level 2 or Level 3.
The following tables present the Company’s financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2025 and 2024:
As of December 31, 2025
| (in USD) | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||||||||
| Bitcoin | $ | 1,023,306 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 1,023,306 | ||||||||
As of December 31, 2024
| (in USD) | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||||||||
| Bitcoin | $ | 992,437 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 992,437 | ||||||||
Nonrecurring Measurement
The grant-date fair value of the Series A Warrants was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation incorporating Level 3 unobservable inputs, including estimated volatility and the probability-weighted timing of vesting events. Because the Series A Warrants are equity-classified and were issued together with the Company’s Series A preferred stock in a bundled financing, the Company allocated a portion of the Series A proceeds to the warrants using the relative fair value method. As the warrants are equity-classified, they are not subsequently remeasured at fair value and are therefore excluded from the recurring fair value hierarchy table above.
The following table presents the Company’s financial assets measured at fair value (on a relative basis) on a nonrecurring basis as of December 31, 2025:
As of December 31, 2025
| (in USD) | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||||||||
| Warrants | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 605,165 | $ | 605,165 | ||||||||
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation. Stock-based compensation expense is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the requisite service period (generally the vesting period) on a straight-line basis.
For stock options, the Company estimates the fair value of each option on the date of grant using the Black Scholes option pricing model. The Black Scholes model requires the use of assumptions, including the expected term of the option, expected stock price volatility, risk free interest rate, and expected dividend yield. Since the Company’s common stock is not publicly traded, the expected volatility is based on the historical volatilities of comparable publicly traded companies. The expected term represents the estimated period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding, which is based on the simplified method for options granted to employees. The risk free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury yields in effect at the date of grant for instruments with a term similar to the expected term of the option. The Company has never paid dividends and does not currently expect to pay dividends and, therefore, assumes a dividend yield of zero.
| F-11 |
For restricted stock awards, the fair value is based on the estimated fair value of the underlying common stock on the grant date, which is determined using contemporaneous valuations of the Company’s common stock via a single-period Black-Scholes option pricing model to perform a backsolve technique and observable transactions in the Company’s equity, as applicable.
The Company accounts for forfeitures of stock-based awards as they occur. Stock-based compensation expense is included in operating expenses on the statements of operations (to the extent that it is not capitalized) based on the functional area of the individual receiving the award.
Warrants
Description of Warrants
In connection with the Company’s Series A Financing completed in August 2025, the Company issued warrants to select stockholders to purchase an aggregate of 250,250 shares of common stock (the “Series A Warrants”). The warrants have an exercise price of $0.01 per share, are exercisable upon vesting, and expire ten years from the issuance date, unless earlier terminated pursuant to a change in control as defined in the warrant agreements.
The warrants vest upon the earlier of:
(i) the Company achieving a public market capitalization of at least $100 million, or
(ii) a determination by the Company’s Board of Directors that the Company’s enterprise value is at least $100 million.
All warrants were issued in connection with the Series A closing on August 31, 2025, which represents the common grant and measurement date for valuation purposes.
The Company evaluated the Series A Warrants under ASC 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity. Management concluded that the warrants are:
| ● | Indexed to the Company’s own stock, and |
| ● | Meet all conditions for equity classification, including that settlement is in a fixed number of shares and does not require cash settlement. |
Accordingly, the warrants are classified as equity and recorded within additional paid-in capital on the statement of stockholders’ equity. As equity-classified instruments, the warrants are not subsequently remeasured.
Because the Series A Warrants are equity-classified and were issued together with the Company’s Series A preferred stock in a bundled financing, the Company allocated a portion of the Series A proceeds to the warrants using the relative fair value method, with the offset recorded as a reduction to proceeds attributed to the Series A preferred stock. The fair value of the warrants was determined utilizing a backsolve option pricing model based on the Series A transaction price along with a Monte Carlo simulation which accounted for the warrants as market-conditioned awards based on the $100 million market capitalization or enterprise value vesting condition.
The grant-date fair value of the Series A Warrants was determined as follows:
| ● | Fair value per warrant share: $2.8491 |
| ● | Total fair value of warrants issued: $712,977 |
As a result, a fair value of $605,165 was assigned to the warrants under the relative fair value method for purposes of allocating the total $4,001,728 Series A financing proceeds.
Warrant Activity
The following table summarizes warrant activity for the year ended December 31, 2025:
| Number of Shares | Weighted-Average Exercise Price | |||||||
| Outstanding at beginning of period | — | — | ||||||
| Issued | 250,250 | $ | 0.01 | |||||
| Exercised | — | — | ||||||
| Expired | — | — | ||||||
| Outstanding at end of period | 250,250 | $ | 0.01 | |||||
All warrants outstanding at December 31, 2025 were unexercised and unvested.
Significant Estimates and Judgments
The valuation of the Series A Warrants required the use of significant assumptions, including expected volatility, risk-free interest rate, and the probability of achieving the market-based vesting condition.
| F-12 |
Key assumptions used in the valuation included:
| ● | Option pricing model expected term: 1.5 years |
| ● | Warrant expected term: 10.0 years |
| ● | Volatility: 70% |
| ● | Risk-free interest rate: 4.23% |
| ● | Dividend yield: 0% |
| ● | Simulation inputs: 100,000 paths with monthly time steps |
Actual outcomes may differ from these estimates; however, because the warrants are equity-classified, subsequent changes in value (if any) will not be reflected in the Company’s financial statements.
Newly Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The ASU requires public business entities to disclose specific categories within the effective rate reconciliation expressed on both a dollar and percentage basis, and to disaggregate income taxes paid by federal, state, and foreign jurisdictions. The Company adopted ASU 2023-09 on a prospective basis for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025. The adoption did not affect the Company’s financial position or results of operations but resulted in expanded disclosures in Note 8.
Effective January 1, 2025, the Company early adopted ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets. The Company, as a public business entity, elected the practical expedient that assumes current conditions as of the balance sheet date do not change over the remaining life of the asset when developing reasonable and supportable forecasts for estimating expected credit losses. The practical expedient is applied prospectively. Management believes this election simplifies the estimation process while continuing to provide a reasonable measure of expected credit losses. The adoption did not have a material affect the Company’s financial position or results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which requires public business entities to disaggregate specified expense captions (such as certain inventory-related costs and employee compensation) in the notes, using either a cost-incurred or expense-incurred basis, to provide greater transparency into the components of operating expenses.
The amendments are effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026 (with interim period requirements beginning thereafter) and allows prospective or retrospective adoption with early adoption permitted. The Company has not early adopted ASU 2024-03 and is evaluating the impact of the guidance but does not expect adoption to have a material effect on its financial position or results of operations; however, the Company expects additional disaggregation disclosures of certain income statement expense captions in the notes to the financial statements.
In 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software. The ASU modernizes the accounting for internal-use software costs to reflect the evolution of current software development practices, including the widespread use of incremental and iterative development approaches such as agile. Under previous guidance, internal-use software costs were capitalized based on prescribed, sequential “project stages” (preliminary, application development, and post-implementation). The new ASU eliminates all references to project stages and instead requires entities to begin capitalizing internal-use software costs only when (i) management has authorized and committed to funding the project and (ii) it is probable the project will be completed and the software will be used as intended (the “probable-to-complete” recognition threshold). The ASU also supersedes existing website development guidance in Subtopic 350-50 and incorporates applicable website-related recognition and cost guidance directly into Subtopic 350-40.
ASU 2025-06 is effective for public business entities beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. Entities may adopt the guidance on a prospective, modified retrospective, or full retrospective basis. The Company has not early adopted ASU 2025-06 and is evaluating the impact of the guidance but does not expect adoption to materially change the nature of costs eligible for capitalization or the point at which software is considered substantially complete and ready for its intended use.
The Company has evaluated other recently issued accounting pronouncements and does not expect any such standards to have a material impact on its financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
Segment and Geographic Information
The Company operates as a single operating and reportable segment which derives revenue from subscription and related usage-based fees from the Company’s cloud-based SaaS platform. The CODM, who is the Company’s Chief Executive Officer (CEO), reviews financial information and makes operating decisions for the Company as a whole.
The CEO regularly reviews revenues, gross profit, net income and current assets in evaluating segment performance.
| F-13 |
The significant segment expense categories and other segment items provided to the CODM and included in the measure of segment profit or loss are presented below.
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Revenue | $ | 551,383 | $ | 14,402 | ||||
| Cost of Revenue - exclusive of amortization of capitalized software costs shown separately | $ | 465,075 | $ | 242,233 | ||||
| Amortization and depreciation | $ | 524,320 | $ | 385,463 | ||||
| Sales and Marketing - Employee Compensation and Benefits (excluding Stock based compensation) | $ | 271,087 | $ | 73,200 | ||||
| Sales and Marketing – Stock based compensation | $ | 39,601 | $ | 0 | ||||
| Sales and Marketing - Other | $ | 413,311 | $ | 230,725 | ||||
| Sales and Marketing - Total | $ | 723,999 | $ | 303,925 | ||||
| General and Administrative – Employee Compensation and Benefits (excluding Stock based compensation) | $ | 752,182 | $ | 152,487 | ||||
| General and Administrative – Stock based compensation | $ | 575,784 | $ | 105,518 | ||||
| General and Administrative - Other | $ | 386,125 | $ | 105,518 | ||||
| General and Administrative - Total | $ | 1,714,091 | $ | 359,662 | ||||
| Operating Loss | $ | (2,876,102 | ) | $ | (1,276,881 | ) | ||
| Net Loss | $ | (2,897,803 | ) | $ | (742,478 | ) | ||
Segment net loss includes realized and unrealized gains (losses) on bitcoin.
The CODM also reviews the following balance sheet items at year-end as part of performance monitoring and resource allocation decisions:
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Cash | $ | 2,317,761 | $ | 724,296 | ||||
| Bitcoin | $ | 1,023,306 | $ | 992,437 | ||||
| Capitalized software cost, net | $ | 2,362,313 | $ | 1,853,107 | ||||
| Total Assets | $ | 6,146,339 | $ | 3,632,591 | ||||
Because the Company operates as a single reportable segment, the amounts above reconcile directly to the corresponding financial statement line items.
Substantially all of the Company’s long-lived assets are located in the United States, and substantially all of the Company’s revenue is derived from customers located in the United States.
3. Capitalized Software Costs, Net
The Company’s capitalized software costs, net consist of the following at December 31, 2025 and 2024:
| Category | Useful Life | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Software Costs | 5 years | $ | 3,456,063 | $ | 2,423,128 | |||||
| Less: Accumulated amortization | $ | (1,093,750 | ) | $ | (570,021 | ) | ||||
| Capitalized software costs, net | $ | 2,362,313 | $ | 1,853,107 | ||||||
Amortization expense was $523,729 and $385,463 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Total capitalized software development costs were $1,032,935 and $945,437 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Out of the total software development cost capitalized, $368,705 and $338,769 was related to stock-based compensation for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
| F-14 |
4. Computer Equipment
Computer equipment consisted of the following as of December 31, 2025:
| Amount | ||||
| Computer equipment, at cost | $ | 7,102 | ||
| Less: accumulated depreciation | $ | (591 | ) | |
| Computer equipment, net | $ | 6,511 | ||
Depreciation expense for the year ended December 31, 2025 was $591. The computer equipment was placed in service during the year ended December 31, 2025 and represents the first year of depreciation.
5. Leases
The Company leases office space under noncancelable operating leases.
Short-term Office Leases
From May 2023 through October 2024, the Company utilized office space under a short-term coworking arrangement with monthly lease terms that included no long-term obligation. In addition, starting in November 2025, the Company utilizes office space via a 12-month operating lease which includes no long-term obligation. Rent related to short-term leases is recorded on a monthly basis as the expense is incurred and no liability is recognized on the balance sheets related to these leases as the Company has elected the short-term lease practical expedient.
Short-term lease cost was $2,632 and $6,079 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and is included within general and administrative expenses in the statements of operations.
Long-term Office Lease
In November 2024, the Company entered into a 13-month noncancellable operating lease for office space. Upon lease commencement, the Company recognized a ROU asset and a corresponding operating lease liability. The lease was not renewed upon completion of the 13-month term (ending November 30, 2025) and the ROU asset and associated lease liability were $0 as of December 31, 2025.
Lease balances
The carrying amounts of the Company’s long-term operating lease ROU asset and lease liability were as follows as of December 31, 2024:
| Lease Component | Amount | |||
| ROU Asset | $ | 6,436 | ||
| Lease Liability | $ | 6,436 | ||
| Discount rate | 7.5 | % | ||
| Original lease term | 13 months | |||
Because the discount rate implicit in the lease was not readily determinable, the Company estimated its incremental borrowing rate using information about the Company’s credit profile, market yields on debt instruments with similar maturities, and the term of the lease. The Company applied this incremental borrowing rate of 7.5 percent in measuring the lease liability at the commencement date.
Lease cost and cash flow information
Lease cost for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 consisted of the following:
| Lease cost component | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||
| Operating lease cost | $ | 6,638 | $ | 1,207 | ||||
| Short term lease cost | $ | 2,632 | $ | 6,079 | ||||
| Total lease cost | $ | 9,270 | $ | 7,286 | ||||
Lease cost is included within general and administrative expenses in the statements of operations.
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities was $6,638 and $1,207 for the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024. At December 31, 2024, the Company’s weighted average discount rate for its long-term operating lease was 7.5 percent while its weighted average remaining lease term was 11 months.
Supplemental noncash information relating to Lease Liabilities
Supplemental noncash information related to leases is as follows:
ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities were $7,560 for the year ended December 31, 2024. There were no similar amounts for the year ended December 31, 2025.
| F-15 |
6. Stockholders’ Equity
The Company’s common stock and preferred stock consist of the following at December 31, 2025 and 2024. There was a 2 to 1 stock split of common and preferred shares on August 31, 2025. The impact of this stock split has been retroactively applied to all periods presented within the accompanying financial statements, including all earnings per share calculations.
Common Stock
| Description | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||
| Authorized shares | 3,913,000 | 2,420,624 | ||||||
| Issued and outstanding | 1,520,000 | 1,520,000 | ||||||
| Par value per share | $ | 0.001 | $ | 0.001 | ||||
Preferred Stock
| Series Seed 1 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||
| Authorized shares | 516,298 | 516,300 | ||||||
| Issued and outstanding | 516,298 | 516,298 | ||||||
| Par value per share | $ | 0.001 | $ | 0.001 | ||||
| Series Seed 2 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||
| Authorized shares | 115,038 | 115,038 | ||||||
| Issued and outstanding | 115,038 | 115,038 | ||||||
| Par value per share | $ | 0.001 | $ | 0.001 | ||||
| Series A | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||
| Authorized shares | 687,500 | 0 | ||||||
| Issued and outstanding | 611,299 | 0 | ||||||
| Par value per share | $ | 0.001 | 0 | |||||
Prepaid Equity Issuance Costs
The Company has recorded $291,536 of costs incurred in connection with its proposed initial public offering (IPO) as a prepaid expense on the balance sheet as of December 31, 2025. Of these costs, $135,133 remains in accounts payable as of December 31, 2025. These costs consist primarily of legal and professional fees that are directly attributable to the anticipated equity offering expected to be completed in 2026.
In accordance with ASC 340-10, incremental costs directly associated with a planned equity offering are deferred and recorded as an asset when it is probable that the offering will occur. Upon completion of the IPO, these deferred costs will be reclassified from prepaid expenses and recorded as a reduction of the gross proceeds received, reflected within additional paid-in capital (APIC) in stockholders’ equity. No amortization or expense is recognized during the deferral period.
If the proposed offering is abandoned or it becomes no longer probable, the deferred costs will be expensed immediately in the period that determination is made.
Series A Preferred Stock Financing
In August 2025, the Company completed a Series A preferred stock financing, issuing 611,299 shares of Series A preferred stock, with a par value of $0.001 per share, at a price of $6.54627 per share, resulting in total gross proceeds of $4,001,728. Also, in connection with the Series A financing, the Company issued common stock warrants to Series A investors and to certain existing preferred stockholders. These warrants are exercisable for an aggregate of 250,250 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.01 per share. Because the Series A preferred shares were issued together with the Company’s Series A Warrants as part of a bundled financing arrangement, the Company allocated the total Series A proceeds between the preferred shares and the warrants using the relative fair value method. Based on this allocation approach, the Company assigned $3,396,563 of the Series A proceeds to the Series A preferred shares, with the remainder allocated to the equity-classified Series A Warrants.
In connection with the Series A financing, the Company effected a 2 for 1 forward stock split of its common stock and preferred stock on August 31, 2025. As a result of the stock split, each share of common and preferred stock outstanding at the time of the split was split into two shares, and the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the Company’s equity incentive plan and upon the exercise or conversion of outstanding equity awards and other equity linked securities was proportionately increased.
In addition to the Series A financing discussed above, in November 2025, the Company completed a rebalancing of its common stock, whereby one individual surrendered 321,584 shares of common stock to the Company, at which time the Company immediately cancelled and retired the shares. Of the surrendered shares, 85,421 of the shares were not yet vested, which resulted in the acceleration of stock-based compensation totaling $155,504, of which $64,793 was capitalized as a component of capitalized software costs and the remaining $90,711 was expensed as a component of general and administrative expense on the statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2025. The Company also issued 160,792 shares of common stock each to two stockholders (for total shares issued of 321,584) at a purchase price of $0.92 per share. Of each stockholder’s shares, 130,643 are considered fully vested at the time of grant, while the remaining shares vest evenly on a monthly basis following the date of grant with all shares becoming fully vested on July 15, 2026.
| F-16 |
In connection with the transactions above, the Company also modified its Certificate of Incorporation during 2025 to increase its authorized common stock shares to 3,913,000 and its authorized preferred stock shares to 1,318,836, of which 516,298 shares are designated as Series Seed 1 shares, 115,038 shares are designated as Series Seed 2 shares, and 687,500 shares are designated as Series A shares. Additionally, the Company modified its 2022 Equity Incentive Plan, first increasing the common stock shares reserved under the plan to 685,447 but then subsequently decreasing it to 363,863 shares.
Holders of common stock are entitled to one vote per share and to receive dividends when and if declared by the Board of Directors, subject to the rights of any preferred stock then outstanding. No dividends had been declared or paid on common stock during the years ended December 31, 2025 or 2024.
The preferred stock are convertible into common stock at the option of the holder at any time after issuance at an initial conversion ratio of one-for-one, subject to adjustment for stock dividends, stock splits, combinations and other recapitalizations and for certain dilutive issuances, as set forth in the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.
Each share of preferred stock will automatically convert into common stock upon the closing of the sale of shares of the Company’s common stock to the public in a firm-commitment underwritten public offering pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, at a per share price of at least five times the Series Seed-1 original issue price and resulting in at least $50,000,000 of gross proceeds to the Company, in connection with which the common stock is listed for trading on a national securities exchange approved by the Board of Directors, including the preferred director. Preferred stock will also automatically convert into common stock upon the date and time, or the occurrence of an event, specified by vote or written consent of the “Requisite Holders,” defined as the holders of at least 63 percent of the outstanding shares of Series Seed-1 preferred stock.
Holders of preferred stock are entitled to receive, out of any funds legally available therefor and only when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors, noncumulative dividends at the rate of 8 percent of the applicable original issue price per share, prior and in preference to any declaration or payment of any other dividends on shares of capital stock other than dividends on common stock payable solely in additional shares of common stock. In addition, if the Company declares or pays any dividends or other distributions on the common stock or on any class or series of stock that is convertible into common stock, the holders of preferred stock are entitled to receive an additional dividend or distribution on an as-converted basis, such that they receive the same dividend or distribution they would have received if all shares of preferred stock had been converted into common stock.
In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, or a deemed liquidation event as defined in the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the holders of preferred stock are entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution to the holders of common stock, an amount per share equal to the greater of (i) one times the applicable original issue price per share plus any declared but unpaid dividends, or (ii) the amount that would be payable with respect to such share if all shares of preferred stock were converted into common stock immediately prior to such event. If, upon such liquidation, dissolution, winding up or deemed liquidation event, the assets or proceeds available for distribution are insufficient to permit the full payment of such amounts, the available assets and proceeds will be distributed among the holders of preferred stock on a pro rata basis in proportion to the full preferential amounts to which they are entitled. After payment in full of the amounts required to be distributed to the holders of preferred stock, the remaining assets of the Company, if any, will be distributed among the holders of common stock on a pro rata basis. The preferred stock ranks senior to the common stock with respect to dividend rights and rights on liquidation. The liquidation value of Series Seed 1 preferred stock is $3,231,354 as of December 31, 2025 and 2024. The liquidation value of the Series Seed 2 is $599,992 as of December 31, 2025 and 2024. The liquidation value of the Series A preferred stock is $4,001,728 as of December 2025. Combined liquidation value of all preferred stock as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 was $7,833,074 and $3,831,346, respectively.
All classes of preferred stock vote together with the common stock on an as-converted basis and, so long as any preferred stock remains outstanding, have certain protective rights that require the written consent or affirmative vote of the Requisite Holders, voting as a separate class, for specified significant corporate actions. These actions include, among other things, (i) any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company or any merger, consolidation or other deemed liquidation event, (ii) amending the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or bylaws in a manner that adversely affects the powers, preferences or rights of the preferred stock, (iii) creating, authorizing or issuing any new class or series of capital stock that is senior to or on parity with the preferred stock, or changing the authorized number of shares of common stock or preferred stock, (iv) declaring or paying dividends or making other distributions on, or purchasing or redeeming, shares of capital stock other than as expressly permitted, (v) adopting or materially amending equity compensation plans or issuing equity or equity-linked awards outside such plans without Board approval including the preferred director, (vi) incurring indebtedness for borrowed money above specified thresholds or granting certain liens, (vii) entering into certain related party transactions, and (viii) changing the authorized size of the Board of Directors or altering the director election structure.
| F-17 |
Additional Paid-in Capital
Additional paid-in capital primarily reflects amounts received from founders and investors in excess of the par value of the Company’s common and preferred stock. This includes amounts related to the 2023 seed preferred stock financing and the Series A preferred stock financing completed in 2025. Starting in 2025, balance also includes the allocated relative fair value of the Company’s equity-classified Series A Warrants issued in connection with the Series A financing.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company maintains the VIDA Global Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) under which it may grant stock options, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and other equity-based awards to employees, directors, and consultants. As of December 31, 2025, a total of 363,863 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under the Plan, of which 164,493 shares remained available for future grant as of that date.
Stock Options
Stock options are granted with an exercise price equal to at least the estimated fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, as determined by the Board of Directors with reference to contemporaneous third-party valuations and other factors. Options generally vest over four years with a one-year cliff and have a contractual term of ten years.
The fair value of stock options is estimated on the grant date using the Black Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:
For the year ended December 31, 2025:
| ● | Expected term (in years): 6.00 |
| ● | Expected volatility: 61.81 percent |
| ● | Risk free interest rate: 3.79 percent |
| ● | Expected dividend yield: 0 percent |
| ● | Grant date fair value: $1.93 |
For the year ended December 31, 2024:
| ● | Expected term (in years): 5.97 |
| ● | Expected volatility: 64.14 percent |
| ● | Risk free interest rate: 4.27 percent |
| ● | Expected dividend yield: 0 percent |
| ● | Grant date fair value: $0.49 |
A summary of stock option activity under the Plan for the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 is as follows:
| Options | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (years) | ||||||||||
| Outstanding at December 31, 2023 | 0 | $ | 0 | |||||||||
| Granted | 2,400 | $ | 0.79 | |||||||||
| Exercised | 0 | $ | 0 | |||||||||
| Forfeited / cancelled | 0 | $ | 0 | |||||||||
| Outstanding at December 31, 2024 | 2,400 | $ | 0.79 | 9.22 | ||||||||
| Granted | 196,970 | $ | 0.82 | |||||||||
| Exercised | 0 | $ | 0 | |||||||||
| Forfeited / cancelled | 0 | $ | 0 | |||||||||
| Outstanding at December 31, 2025 | 199,370 | $ | 0.82 | 9.66 | ||||||||
| Exercisable at December 31, 2025 | 13,558 | $ | 0.47 | 9.10 | ||||||||
During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, stock-based compensation from stock options totaled $52,595 and $294, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2025, $39,601 was expensed as a component of sales and marketing expense and $12,994 was expensed as a component of general and administrative expense on the statement of operations. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the full amount was expensed as a component of general and administrative expense on the statement of operations.
At December 31, 2025 and 2024, the aggregate intrinsic value of stock options outstanding was approximately $267,000 and $3,000, respectively. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, the aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercisable was approximately $23,000 and $0, respectively.
| F-18 |
As of December 31, 2025, total unrecognized compensation cost related to stock options was $327,706, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.57 years.
Restricted Stock Awards
The Company has also granted restricted common stock awards with varying vesting periods between 10 and 48 months based on continued service. The grant date fair value of these awards is based on the estimated fair value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date, consistent with the stock-based compensation policy described in Note 2. Some of these common stock awards were restricted upon issuance while others were originally issued unrestricted but became restricted subsequent to issuance.
A summary of unvested restricted stock awards for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 is as follows:
| Shares | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Aggregate | ||||||||||
| Unvested at December 31, 2023 | 956,667 | $ | 1.57 | $ | 1,499,974 | |||||||
| Granted | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||||
| Vested | (305,000 | ) | $ | 1.51 | $ | (461,686 | ) | |||||
| Forfeited | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||||
| Unvested at December 31, 2024 | 651,667 | $ | 1.59 | $ | 1,038,288 | |||||||
| Cancelled | (85,421 | ) | $ | 1.82 | $ | (155,457 | ) | |||||
| Granted | 321,584 | $ | 2.16 | $ | 694,911 | |||||||
| Vested | (574,661 | ) | $ | 1.82 | $ | (1,046,104 | ) | |||||
| Forfeited | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||||
| Unvested at December 31, 2025 | 313,169 | $ | 1.70 | $ | 531,548 | |||||||
As of December 31, 2025, total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted stock was $487,207, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.2 years.
During the year ended December 31, 2025, stock-based compensation from restricted stock totaled $931,495 (including amounts accelerated from cancellation as discussed above), of which $368,705 was capitalized as a component of capitalized software costs and the remaining $562,790 was expensed as a component of general and administrative expense on the statement of operations. During the year ended December 31, 2024, stock-based compensation from restricted stock totaled $444,287, of which $338,769 was capitalized as a component of capitalized software costs and the remaining $105,518 was expensed as a component of general and administrative expense on the statement of operations.
7. Earnings (Loss) Per Share
Basic earnings (loss) per share are computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, excluding shares of unvested restricted common stock. Shares of restricted stock as well as the Series A Warrants are included in the basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding from the time they vest. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net income (loss) applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if all dilutive potential common shares had been issued, using the treasury stock method. Shares of restricted stock are included in the diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding from the date they are granted. The Series A Warrants are included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share to the extent that the warrants are dilutive and vesting conditions have been satisfied. Potential common shares are excluded from the computation when their effect is antidilutive. Basic and diluted net loss per common share is the same for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 because all stock options, unvested restricted common stock, and warrants are anti-dilutive.
| EPS Computation | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||
| Net loss available to common shareholders | $ | (2,897,803 | ) | $ | (742,478 | ) | ||
| Weighted-average common shares - basic | 1,049,148 | 707,305 | ||||||
| Effect of dilutive stock option | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Effect of dilutive unvested restricted stock | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Weighted-average common shares - diluted | 1,049,148 | 707,305 | ||||||
| Loss per share, basic | $ | (2.76 | ) | $ | (1.05 | ) | ||
| Loss per share, diluted | $ | (2.76 | ) | $ | (1.05 | ) | ||
| F-19 |
The following are excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share as their effect is antidilutive:
As of December 31, 2025:
| ● | Convertible preferred stock (as converted to common stock): |
| ○ | Series Seed II Preferred stock: 115,038 shares |
| ○ | Series Seed I Preferred stock: 516,298 shares |
| ● | Stock options: 199,370 options outstanding, 13,558 exercisable |
| ● | Unvested restricted stock awards: 313,169 shares |
| ● | Series A Warrants: 250,250 shares, unvested |
As of December 31, 2024:
| ● | Convertible preferred stock (as converted to common stock): |
| ○ | Series Seed II Preferred stock:115,038 shares |
| ○ | Series Seed I Preferred stock: 516,298 shares |
| ● | Stock options: 2,400 options outstanding, none exercisable |
| ● | Unvested restricted stock awards: 651,667 shares |
All share and per share amounts for periods prior to the stock split have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the 2-for-1 forward stock split effected on August 31, 2025, in accordance with ASC 260.
8. Income Taxes
The Company incurred net operating losses for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 and has not recorded any current tax liabilities as of December 31, 2025 and 2024. In addition, the Company has not recognized any federal or state income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2025 or 2024. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, a full valuation allowance has been established against all deferred tax assets to account for uncertainty around future income needed to use the full asset balance.
No income tax was paid in the years ending December 31, 2025 and 2024 based on the Company’s operating loss.
At December 31, 2025 and 2024, deferred income taxes was comprised of the following:
| As of December 31 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||
| Deferred tax assets: | ||||||||
| Net operating loss carryforwards | $ | 1,401,131 | $ | 799,639 | ||||
| Stock-based compensation – Stock options | $ | 1,045 | $ | 62 | ||||
| Total gross deferred tax assets | $ | 1,402,176 | $ | 799,701 | ||||
| Less: Valuation allowance | $ | (749,852 | ) | $ | (274,222 | ) | ||
| Total deferred tax assets | $ | 652,324 | $ | 525,479 | ||||
| Deferred tax liabilities: | ||||||||
| Unrealized gain on bitcoin | $ | (104,652 | ) | $ | (136,327 | ) | ||
| Capitalized software costs | $ | (546,167 | ) | $ | (389,152 | ) | ||
| Computer equipment | $ | (1,505 | ) | $ | 0 | |||
| Total deferred tax liabilities | $ | (652,324 | ) | $ | (525,479 | ) | ||
| Net deferred tax assets | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||
The valuation allowance increased by $475,630 and $133,761 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
As of December 31, 2025, the Company had federal net operating loss carryforwards of $6,409,412 which may be carried forward indefinitely. As of December 31, 2025, the Company had state net operating loss carryforwards of $1,163,461, of which approximately $185,000 expires in 2045 and $978,000 may be carried forward indefinitely. The utilization of the net operating loss carryforwards may be subject to annual limitations under Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code.
| F-20 |
A reconciliation of the statutory tax rate to the Company’s effective tax rate is as follows:
| Years Ended December 31 | 2025 ($) | 2025(%) | 2024 ($) | 2024(%) | ||||||||||||
| U.S. federal statutory income tax | $ | (608,538 | ) | 21 | % | $ | (155,920 | ) | 21 | % | ||||||
| State income taxes, net of federal benefit | $ | 4,564 | (0.16 | )% | $ | 0 | 0 | % | ||||||||
| Nontaxable or nondeductible items – Stock-based compensation | $ | 128,344 | (4.43 | )% | $ | 22,159 | (3 | )% | ||||||||
| Change in valuation allowance | $ | 475,630 | (16.41 | )% | $ | 133,761 | (18 | )% | ||||||||
| Effective income tax rate | $ | 0 | 0 | % | $ | 0 | 0 | % | ||||||||
Florida made up the majority (greater than 50 percent) of the tax effect in the state and local income taxes category for the year ended December 31, 2025.
The Company evaluates tax positions taken in its tax returns and recognizes a liability for uncertain tax positions when it is more likely than not that a position will not be sustained upon examination. As of and for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company had no unrecognized tax benefits, and no interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions had been recognized in the financial statements. The Company does not expect the amount of unrecognized tax benefits to change significantly within the next 12 months.
The Company files income tax returns in the United States federal jurisdiction and, starting in 2025, in applicable state jurisdictions where the Company has established nexus.
9. Commitments and Contingencies
The Company is subject to various claims, legal proceedings and investigations in the ordinary course of business. The Company accrues a liability for loss contingencies when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company was not involved in any legal proceedings that, in the opinion of management, were expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
In the normal course of business, the Company enters into noncancelable contracts with certain vendors for services such as cloud hosting, software subscriptions and support. As of December 31, 2025, future minimum noncancelable purchase commitments under three software agreements was $52,156 due within one year.
The Company’s standard customer and vendor agreements may include provisions under which the Company agrees to indemnify the counterparty for certain losses arising from claims of intellectual property infringement, breaches of representations and warranties, or other specified risks. These indemnification obligations are typically subject to limitations. The Company has not incurred any material costs as a result of such indemnifications and has not recorded any related liabilities as of December 31, 2025 or 2024.
10. Related Party Transactions
There were no related party transactions during the years ended December 31, 2025 or 2024.
11. Subsequent Events
The Company has evaluated subsequent events through March 24, 2026, which is the date the financial statements were issued.
On February 12, 2026, the Company granted an aggregate of 184,260 restricted stock awards to three members of its Board of Directors. The grants consisted of 76,852 shares to one director and 53,704 shares each to two additional directors. The awards vest 1/12 quarterly following a one-year cliff vesting period based on continued service.
12. Going Concern
The Company has incurred recurring operating losses since inception in 2022, incurring net losses of $2,897,803 and $742,478 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and had an accumulated deficit of $4,586,845 as of December 31, 2025. The Company expects to continue to incur operating losses and negative cash flows from operations for the foreseeable future as it invests in the growth of its platform and customer base.
Since inception, the Company has funded its operations primarily through the issuance of preferred stock, including a seed preferred stock financing completed in April 2023 that raised gross cash proceeds of approximately $3.0 million, and a Series A preferred stock financing completed in 2025 for total gross proceeds of $4.0 million. As of December 31, 2025, the Company had cash of $2,317,761 and bitcoin with a fair value of $1,023,306.
Management has evaluated the Company’s financial condition, liquidity resources, and forecasted cash flows for at least twelve months from the date the financial statements are issued, including its existing cash and bitcoin balances, its historical and projected operating results, and its access to additional sources of capital. Based on this evaluation, management concluded that, absent its plans, conditions and events raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date the financial statements are issued. Management’s plans to fund operations and meet obligations as they become due include utilizing existing cash and bitcoin asset balances (if required), continuing to grow revenue by acquiring new customers and expanding usage by existing customers, managing the timing and amount of operating expenditures, and seeking additional equity or debt financing as needed.
Management believes its plans are probable of effective implementation and probable of providing sufficient liquidity to meet the Company’s obligations as they become due during that period. Accordingly, management has concluded that substantial doubt has been alleviated.
| F-21 |

PART II - INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 13. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.
The following table sets forth the estimated costs and expenses, other than the underwriting discounts and commissions, payable by us in connection with the offer and sale of the securities being registered hereby. All amounts shown are estimates except the SEC registration fee, the FINRA filing fee and the listing fee.
| Expenses of Issuance and Distribution ($ thousands) | $ Amount to be Paid | |||
| SEC registration fee | $ | 2,646.92 | ||
| FINRA filing fee | 3,375.00 | |||
| NYSE American listing fee | 55,000.00 | |||
| Transfer agent and registrar fees | 15,000.00 | |||
| Printing expenses | 8,000.00 | |||
| Legal fees and expenses | 725,000.00 | |||
| Accounting fees and expenses | 246,000.00 | |||
| Miscellaneous expenses | 50,000.00 | |||
| Total | $ | 1,105,021.92 | ||
Item 14. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL permits a corporation to provide in its certificate of incorporation that a director of the corporation shall not be personally liable to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except for liability (i) for any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) for unlawful payment of dividends or unlawful stock purchases or redemptions or (iv) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. Our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation will contain such a provision.
Section 145 of the DGCL provides that a corporation may indemnify directors and officers as well as other employees and individuals against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement in connection with specified actions, suits or proceedings, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation–a “derivative action”), if they acted in good faith and in a manner they reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe their conduct was unlawful. A similar standard is applicable in the case of derivative actions, except that indemnification only extends to expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred in connection with defense or settlement of such action, and the statute requires court approval before there can be any indemnification where the person seeking indemnification has been found liable to the corporation. Our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws will contain such a provision.
We have in effect a directors and officers liability insurance policy indemnifying our directors and officers for certain liabilities incurred by them, including liabilities under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act. We pay the entire premium of this policy.
| II-1 |
We are party to indemnification agreements with each of our directors and certain of our executive officers. Prior to the completion of this offering, we intend to enter into separate indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers. These agreements will require us to indemnify these individuals to the fullest extent permitted under Section 145 of the DGCL against liabilities that may arise by reason of their service to us, and to advance expenses incurred as a result of any proceeding against them as to which they could be indemnified.
These indemnification provisions and the indemnification agreements may be sufficiently broad to permit indemnification of our directors and executive officers for liabilities (including reimbursement of expenses incurred) arising under the Securities Act.
In any underwriting agreement we enter into in connection with the sale of Class A common stock being registered hereby, the underwriters will agree to indemnify, under certain conditions, us, our directors, our officers and persons who control us within the meaning of the Securities Act against certain liabilities.
Item 15. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities.
Since January 1, 2023, the registrant has sold the following securities without registration under the Securities Act:
Series Seed Preferred
In April 2023, we sold an aggregate of 1,212,061 shares of our Series Seed-1 preferred stock to accredited investors at a purchase price of $1.75314 per share for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $3 million. In addition, all outstanding SAFEs, other than TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund I, L.P.’s SAFE, converted into 131,979 shares of our Series Seed-1 preferred stock at a conversion price of $1.75314 per share. In August 2025, a previous Series Seed-1 preferred stockholder sold an aggregate of 738,419 shares of our Series Seed-1 preferred stock at a purchase price of $1.83369 per share to certain investors. Each share of our Series Seed-1 preferred stock will automatically convert into one share of our Class A common stock immediately prior to the completion of this offering. The share and per share amounts in this paragraph give effect to the 2-for-1 stock split we effected on August 29, 2025 and the 3.57-for-1 stock split that will be effected immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
In addition, in April 2023, TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund I, L.P.’s $600,000 SAFE converted into 410,686 shares of our Series Seed-2 preferred stock at a conversion price of $1.46095 per share. Each share of our Series Seed-2 preferred stock will automatically convert into one share of our Class A common stock immediately prior to the completion of this offering. The share and per share amounts in this paragraph give effect to the 2-for-1 stock split we effected on August 29, 2025 and the 3.57-for-1 stock split that will be effected immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
Series A Preferred
In August and September 2025, we sold an aggregate of 2,182,345 shares of our Series A preferred stock to accredited investors at a purchase price of $1.83369 per share for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $4.0 million and issued warrants to such accredited investors to purchase an aggregate of 893,401 shares of common stock. Each share of our Series A preferred stock will automatically convert into one share of our Class A common stock immediately prior to the completion of this offering. The share and per share amounts in this paragraph give effect to the 2-for-1 stock split we effected on August 29, 2025 and the 3.57-for-1 stock split that will be effected immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
Unless otherwise stated, the sales of the above securities were deemed to be exempt from registration under the Securities Act in reliance upon Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act (or Regulation D or Regulation S promulgated thereunder), or Rule 701 promulgated under Section 3(b) of the Securities Act as transactions by an issuer not involving any public offering or pursuant to benefit plans and contracts relating to compensation as provided under Rule 701. The recipients of the securities in each of these transactions represented their intentions to acquire the securities for investment only and not with a view to or for sale in connection with any distribution thereof, and appropriate legends were placed upon the securities issued in these transactions.
| II-2 |
Item 16. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
| (a) | Exhibits. See the Exhibit Index immediately preceding the signature pages hereto, which is incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein. |
| (b) | Financial Statement Schedules. All financial statement schedules are omitted because the information called for is not required or is shown either in the financial statements or in the accompanying notes. |
Item 17. Undertakings.
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreement certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers, and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the provisions referenced in Item 14 of this registration statement, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer, or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit, or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer, or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered hereunder, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question of whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:
| (a) | For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective. |
| (b) | For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
| II-3 |
EXHIBIT INDEX
| * | Portions of this exhibit (indicated by asterisks) have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K. |
| † | The schedules to this agreement have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. The Company hereby agrees to furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted schedule to the SEC upon request. |
| # | Indicates a management contract or any compensatory plan, contract or arrangement. |
| II-4 |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, VIDA Global Inc. has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cedar Park, State of Texas, on the 2nd day of April, 2026.
| VIDA GLOBAL INC. | ||
| By: | /s/ Lyle Pratt | |
| Name: | Lyle Pratt | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENT, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Lyle Pratt and Brandon Robinson, and each of them, as his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, each with full power of substitution for him or her and in his or her name, place, or stead, in any and all capacities, to sign (i) any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this registration statement and (ii) any registration statement or post-effective amendment thereto to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or their or his or her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| Signature | Title | Date | ||
| /s/ Lyle Pratt | Chief Executive Officer and Director |
April 2, 2026 | ||
| Lyle Pratt | (Principal Executive Officer) | |||
| /s/ Brandon Robinson | Chief Operating Officer |
April 2, 2026 | ||
| Brandon Robinson | (Principal Financial Officer) | |||
|
||||
| /s/ Joseph Wood | Accounting Officer | April 2, 2026 | ||
| Joseph Wood | (Principal Accounting Officer) | |||
| /s/ Timothy Noah Hayes | Chief Product Officer and Director |
April 2, 2026 | ||
| Timothy Noah Hayes | ||||
| /s/ Christopher Calicott | Director | April 2, 2026 | ||
| Christopher Calicott | ||||
| /s/ Henry S. Romaine Jr. | Director | April 2, 2026 | ||
| Henry S. Romaine Jr. | ||||
| /s/ Alan Braverman | Director | April 2, 2026 | ||
| Alan Braverman |
| II-5 |
Exhibit 1.1
UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT
between
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
and
THE BENCHMARK COMPANY, LLC
as Representative of the Several Underwriters
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT
[●], 2026
The
Benchmark Company, LLC
150 E. 58th Street, 17th Floor
New York, NY 10155
As Representative of the several Underwriters named on Schedule 1 attached hereto
Ladies and Gentlemen:
The undersigned, VIDA Global Inc., a company incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware (the “Company”), hereby confirms its agreement (this “Agreement”) with The Benchmark Company, LLC (the “Representative”) and with the other underwriters named on Schedule 1 hereto for which the Representative is acting as representative (the Representative and such other underwriters being collectively called the “Underwriters” or, individually, an “Underwriter”) as follows:
| 1. | Purchase and Sale of Shares. |
1.1 Firm Shares.
1.1.1. Nature and Purchase of Firm Shares.
(i) On the basis of the representations and warranties herein contained, but subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Company agrees to issue and sell to the several Underwriters, an aggregate of [●] shares (the “Firm Shares”) of Class A common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”).
(ii) The Firm Shares are to be offered initially to the public at a price of $[●] per share as set forth on the cover page of the Prospectus (as defined in Section 2.1.1 hereof) (the “Firm Offering Price”). The Underwriters agree, severally and not jointly, to purchase from the Company the number of Firm Shares set forth opposite their respective names on Schedule 1 attached hereto and made a part hereof at a purchase price of $[●] per share (93% of the Firm Offering Price).
1.1.2. Shares Payment and Delivery.
(i) Delivery and payment for the Firm Shares shall be made at 10:00 a.m., Eastern time, on the first (1st) Business Day (as defined below) following the effective date (the “Effective Date”) of the Registration Statement (as defined in Section 2.1.1 below) (or the second (2nd) Business Day following the Effective Date if the Registration Statement is declared effective after 4:01 p.m., Eastern time) or at such earlier time as shall be agreed upon by the Representative and the Company, at the offices of Lucosky Brookman LLP, 101 Wood Avenue South, Woodbridge, New Jersey 08830 (“Representative Counsel”), or at such other place (or remotely by facsimile or other electronic transmission) as shall be agreed upon by the Representative and the Company. The hour and date of delivery and payment for the Firm Shares is called the “Closing Date.”
(ii) Payment for the Firm Shares shall be made on the Closing Date by wire transfer in Federal (same-day) funds, payable to the order of the Company upon delivery of the Firm Shares through the facilities of the Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) for the account of the Underwriters. The Firm Shares shall be registered in such name or names and in such authorized denominations as the Representative may request in writing at least two (2) full Business Days prior to the Closing Date. The Company shall not be obligated to sell or deliver the Firm Shares except upon tender of payment by the Representative for all of the Firm Shares. The term “Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or a legal holiday or a day on which banking institutions are authorized or obligated by law to close in New York, New York.
1.2 Over-allotment Option.
1.2.1. Option Shares. For the purposes of covering any over-allotments in connection with the distribution and sale of the Firm Shares, the Company hereby grants to the Underwriters an option to purchase up to [●] additional shares of Common Stock, representing 15% of the Firm Shares sold in the offering, from the Company (the “Over-allotment Option”). Such [●] additional shares of Common Stock, the net proceeds of which will be deposited with the Company’s account, are hereinafter referred to as “Option Shares.” The purchase price to be paid per Option Share shall be equal to the price per Firm Share set forth in Section 1.1.1 hereof. The Firm Shares and the Option Shares are hereinafter referred to together as the “Public Securities.” The offering and sale of the Public Securities is hereinafter referred to as the “Offering.”
1.2.2. Exercise of Option. The Over-allotment Option granted pursuant to Section 1.2.1 hereof may be exercised by the Representative as to all (at any time) or any part (from time to time) of the Option Shares within 30 days after the Closing Date. The Underwriters shall not be under any obligation to purchase any Option Shares prior to the exercise of the Over-allotment Option. The Over-allotment Option granted hereby may be exercised by the giving of written notice to the Company from the Representative, setting forth the number of Option Shares to be purchased and the date and time for delivery of and payment for the Option Shares (the “Option Closing Date”), which shall not be later than five (5) Business Days after the date of the notice or such other time as shall be agreed upon by the Company and the Representative, at the offices of Representative Counsel, or at such other place (including remotely by facsimile or other electronic transmission) as shall be agreed upon by the Company and the Representative. If such delivery and payment for the Option Shares does not occur on the Closing Date, the Option Closing Date will be as set forth in the notice. Upon exercise of the Over-allotment Option with respect to all or any portion of the Option Shares, subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein: (i) the Company shall become obligated to sell to the Underwriters the number of Option Shares specified in such notice; and (ii) each of the Underwriters, acting severally and not jointly, shall purchase that portion of the total number of Option Shares then being purchased as set forth in Schedule 1 opposite the name of such Underwriter.
1.2.3. Payment and Delivery. Payment for the Option Shares shall be made on the Option Closing Date by wire transfer in Federal (same-day) funds, payable to the order of the Company upon delivery of the Option Shares through the facilities of DTC for the account of the Underwriters. The Option Shares shall be registered in such name or names and in such authorized denominations as the Representative may request in writing at least two (2) Business Days prior to the Option Closing Date. The Company shall not be obligated to sell or deliver the Option Shares except upon tender of payment by the Representative for the applicable Option Shares.
1.3 Representative’s Warrant.
1.3.1. Purchase Warrants. The Company hereby agrees to issue to the Representative (and/or its designees) on the Closing Date and Option Closing Date, as and if applicable, a warrant (a “Representative’s Warrant”) for the purchase of an aggregate number of shares of Common Stock representing five percent (5%) of the Public Securities issued on such Closing Date or Option Closing Date. The Representative’s Warrant, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A, shall be exercisable, in whole or in part, commencing on a date which is 180 days following the Closing Date and expiring on the five-year anniversary of the commencement of sales for the Offering at an initial exercise price per share of Common Stock of $[●], which is equal to 120% of the Firm Offering Price. The Representative’s Warrant and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise thereof are hereinafter referred to together as the “Representative’s Securities.” The Representative understands and agrees that there are significant restrictions pursuant to FINRA (as defined below) Rule 5110 against transferring the Representative’s Warrant and the underlying shares of Common Stock during the 180 days immediately following the date of effectiveness or commencement of sales in the Offering and by its acceptance thereof shall agree that it will not sell, transfer, assign, pledge or hypothecate the Representative’s Warrant or the underlying shares of Common Stock, or any portion thereof, or be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of such securities for a period of 180 days after the commencement date of sales in the Offering except as expressly permitted by FINRA Rule 5110(e), and only if any such transferee agrees to the foregoing lock-up restrictions.
1.3.2. Delivery. Delivery of the Representative’s Warrant shall be made on the Closing Date and Option Closing Date, as and if applicable, and shall be issued in the name or names and in such authorized denominations as the Representative may request.
2. Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company represents and warrants to the Underwriters as of the Applicable Time (as defined below), as of the Closing Date and as of the Option Closing Date, if any, as follows:
2.1 Filing of Registration Statement.
2.1.1. Pursuant to the Securities Act. The Company has filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) a registration statement, and any amendment or amendments thereto, on Form S-1 (File No. 333-[●]), including any related prospectus or prospectuses, for the registration of the Public Securities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), which registration statement and any amendment or amendments have been prepared by the Company in all material respects in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission under the Securities Act (the “Securities Act Regulations”) and will contain all material statements that are required to be stated therein in accordance with the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations. Except as the context may otherwise require, such registration statement, as amended, on file with the Commission at the time the registration statement became effective (including the Preliminary Prospectus (as defined below) included in the registration statement, financial statements, schedules, exhibits and all other documents filed as a part thereof or incorporated therein and all information deemed to be a part thereof as of the Effective Date pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 430A of the Securities Act Regulations (the “Rule 430A Information”)), is referred to herein as the “Registration Statement.” If the Company files any registration statement pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act Regulations, then after such filing, the term “Registration Statement” shall include such registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b). The Registration Statement has been declared effective by the Commission on the date hereof.
Each prospectus used prior to the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, and each prospectus that omitted the Rule 430A Information that was used after such effectiveness and prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, is herein called a “Preliminary Prospectus.” The Preliminary Prospectus, subject to completion, dated [●], 2026, that was included in the Registration Statement immediately prior to the Applicable Time is hereinafter called the “Pricing Prospectus.” The final prospectus in the form first furnished to the Underwriters for use in the Offering is hereinafter called the “Prospectus.” Any reference to the “most recent Preliminary Prospectus” shall be deemed to refer to the latest Preliminary Prospectus included in the Registration Statement.
“Applicable Time” means [TIME], Eastern time, on the date of this Agreement.
“Issuer Free Writing Prospectus” means any “issuer free writing prospectus,” as defined in Rule 433 of the Securities Act Regulations (“Rule 433”), including, without limitation, any “free writing prospectus” (as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act Regulations) relating to the Public Securities that is: (i) required to be filed with the Commission by the Company; (ii) a “road show that is a written communication” within the meaning of Rule 433(d)(8)(i), whether or not required to be filed with the Commission; or (iii) exempt from filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 433(d)(5)(i) because it contains a description of the Public Securities or of the Offering that does not reflect the final terms, in each case in the form filed or required to be filed with the Commission or, if not required to be filed, in the form retained in the Company’s records pursuant to Rule 433(g).
“Issuer General Use Free Writing Prospectus” means any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus that is intended for general distribution to prospective investors (other than a “bona fide electronic road show,” as defined in Rule 433 (the “Bona Fide Electronic Road Show”)).
“Issuer Limited Use Free Writing Prospectus” means any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus that is not an Issuer General Use Free Writing Prospectus.
“Pricing Disclosure Package” means any Issuer General Use Free Writing Prospectus issued at or prior to the Applicable Time, the Pricing Prospectus and the information included on Schedule 2-A hereto, all considered together.
2.1.2. Pursuant to the Exchange Act. The Company has filed with the Commission a Form 8-A (File Number 001-[●]) providing for the registration pursuant to Section 12(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), of the Common Stock. The registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act has been declared effective by the Commission on or prior to the date hereof. The Company has taken no action designed to, or likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act, nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating such registration.
2.2 Stock Exchange Listing. The Common Stock has been approved for listing on The New York Stock Exchange American (the “Exchange”), subject to official notice of issuance, under the symbol “VIDA”, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or likely to have the effect of, delisting the Common Stock from the Exchange, nor has the Company received any notification that the Exchange is contemplating terminating such listing except as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.
2.3 No Stop Orders, etc. Neither the Commission nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any state regulatory authority has issued any order preventing or suspending the use of the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus or has instituted or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened to institute, any proceedings with respect to such an order. The Company has complied with each request (if any) from the Commission for additional information.
2.4 Disclosures in Registration Statement.
2.4.1. Compliance with Securities Act and 10b-5 Representation.
(i) Each of the Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, at the time it became effective, complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations. Each Preliminary Prospectus, including the prospectus filed as part of the Registration Statement as originally filed or as part of any amendment or supplement thereto, and the Prospectus, at the time each was filed with the Commission, complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations. Each Preliminary Prospectus delivered to the Underwriters for use in connection with this Offering and the Prospectus was or will be identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T.
(ii) Neither the Registration Statement nor any amendment thereto, at its effective time, as of the Applicable Time, at the Closing Date or at any Option Closing Date (if any), contained, contains or will contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted, omits or will omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein in light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading, provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to statements made or statements omitted in reliance upon and in conformity with the Underwriter’s Information (as defined below).
(iii) The Pricing Disclosure Package, as of the Applicable Time, at the Closing Date or at any Option Closing Date (if any), did not, does not and will not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and each Issuer Limited Use Free Writing Prospectus hereto does not conflict in any material respect with the information contained in the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus or the Prospectus, and each such Issuer Limited Use Free Writing Prospectus, as supplemented by and taken together with the Pricing Prospectus as of the Applicable Time, did not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to statements made or statements omitted in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company with respect to the Underwriters by the Representative expressly for use in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto. The parties acknowledge and agree that such information provided by or on behalf of any Underwriter consists solely of the disclosure contained in the “Underwriting” section of the Prospectus (the “Underwriters’ Information”); and
(iv) Neither the Prospectus nor any amendment or supplement thereto (including any prospectus wrapper), as of its issue date, at the time of any filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b), at the Closing Date or at any Option Closing Date, included, includes or will include an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted, omits or will omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to the Underwriters’ Information.
2.4.2. Disclosure of Agreements. The agreements and documents described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus conform in all material respects to the descriptions thereof contained therein and there are no agreements or other documents required by the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations to be described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus or to be filed with the Commission as exhibits to the Registration Statement, that have not been so described or filed. Each agreement or other instrument (however characterized or described) to which the Company is a party or by which it is or may be bound or affected and: (i) that is referred to in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus; or (ii) that is material to the Company’s business, has been duly authorized and validly executed by the Company, is in full force and effect in all material respects and is enforceable against the Company and, to the Company’s knowledge, the other parties thereto, in accordance with its terms, except (x) as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally, (y) as enforceability of any indemnification or contribution provision may be limited under the federal and state securities laws, and (z) that the remedy of specific performance and injunctive and other forms of equitable relief may be subject to the equitable defenses and to the discretion of the court before which any proceeding therefor may be brought. None of such agreements or instruments has been assigned by the Company, and neither the Company nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any other party is in default thereunder and, to the Company’s knowledge, no event has occurred that, with the lapse of time or the giving of notice, or both, would constitute a default thereunder except for a default or event which would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change (as defined in Section 2.5.1 below) or as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. To the Company’s knowledge, performance by the Company of the material provisions of such agreements or instruments will not result in a violation of any existing applicable law, rule, regulation, judgment, order or decree of any governmental agency or court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its assets or businesses (each, a “Governmental Entity”), including, without limitation, those relating to environmental laws and regulations, except for any violation that would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.
2.4.3. Prior Securities Transactions. During the past three (3) years from the date of this Agreement, no securities of the Company have been sold by the Company or by or on behalf of, or for the benefit of, any person or persons controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Company, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Preliminary Prospectus.
2.4.4. Regulations. The disclosures in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus concerning the effects of federal, state, local and all material foreign regulation on the Offering and the Company’s business as currently conducted are correct in all material respects and no other such material regulations are required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus which are not so disclosed.
2.5 Changes After Dates in Registration Statement.
2.5.1. No Material Adverse Change. Since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, except as otherwise specifically stated therein: (i) there has been no material adverse change in the financial position or results of operations of the Company, nor any change or development that, singularly or in the aggregate, would involve a material adverse change in or affecting the condition (financial or otherwise), results of operations, business, or assets of the Company (a “Material Adverse Change”); (ii) other than in the ordinary course of business, there have been no material transactions entered into by the Company, other than as contemplated pursuant to this Agreement; and (iii) no executive officer or director of the Company has resigned from any position with the Company.
2.5.2. Recent Securities Transactions, etc. Subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, and except for the sales of the Public Securities pursuant to this Agreement and as may otherwise be indicated or contemplated herein or disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company has not: (i) issued any securities or incurred any material liability or obligation, direct or contingent, for borrowed money; or (ii) declared or paid any dividend or made any other distribution on or in respect to its capital stock.
2.6 Independent Accountants. To the knowledge of the Company, Wipfli LLP (the “Auditor”), whose report is filed with the Commission as part of the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, is an independent registered public accounting firm as required by the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. The Auditor has not, during the periods covered by the financial statements included in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, provided to the Company any non-audit services, as such term is used in Section 10A(g) of the Exchange Act, except for any permitted non-audit services.
2.7 Financial Statements, etc. The financial statements, including the notes thereto and supporting schedules, if any, included in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, fairly present, in all material respects, the financial position and the results of operations of the Company at the dates and for the periods to which they apply; and such financial statements have been prepared in conformity with the U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), consistently applied throughout the periods involved (provided that unaudited interim financial statements are subject to any normal year-end audit adjustments); and the supporting schedules, if any, included in the Registration Statement present fairly, in all material respects, the information required to be stated therein. Except as included therein, no historical or pro forma financial statements are required to be included in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus under the Securities Act or the Securities Act Regulations. The pro forma and pro forma as adjusted financial information and the related notes, if any, included in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus have been properly compiled and prepared in accordance with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations and present fairly, in all material respects, the information shown therein, and the assumptions used in the preparation thereof are reasonable and the adjustments used therein are appropriate to give effect to the transactions and circumstances referred to therein. All disclosures contained in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus regarding “non-GAAP financial measures” (as such term is defined by the rules and regulations of the Commission), if any, comply in all material respects with Regulation G of the Exchange Act and Item 10 of Regulation S-K of the Securities Act, to the extent applicable. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus: (a) neither the Company nor any of its direct and indirect subsidiaries, including each entity disclosed or described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus as being a subsidiary of the Company, if any (each, a “Subsidiary” and, collectively, the “Subsidiaries”), has incurred any material liabilities or obligations, direct or contingent, or entered into any material transactions other than in the ordinary course of business; (b) the Company has not declared or paid any dividends or made any distribution of any kind with respect to its capital stock; (c) there has not been any change in the capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or, other than in the ordinary course of business or pursuant to any grants under any stock compensation plan; and (d) there has not been any Material Adverse Change in the Company’s long-term or short-term debt, as of the date of this Agreement.
2.8 Authorized Capital; Options, etc. The Company had, at the date or dates indicated in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the duly authorized, issued and outstanding capitalization as set forth therein. Based on the assumptions stated in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company will have on the Closing Date the adjusted stock capitalization set forth therein. Except as set forth in, or contemplated by, the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, on the Effective Date, as of the Applicable Time and on the Closing Date and any Option Closing Date, there will be no stock options, warrants, or other rights to purchase or otherwise acquire any authorized, but unissued Common Stock or any security convertible or exercisable into Common Stock, or any contracts or commitments to issue or sell Common Stock or any such options, warrants, rights or convertible securities.
2.9 Valid Issuance of Securities, etc.
2.9.1. Outstanding Securities. All issued and outstanding securities of the Company issued prior to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable; the holders thereof have no rights of rescission with respect thereto, and are not subject to personal liability by reason of being such holders; and none of such securities were issued in violation of the preemptive rights of any holders of any security of the Company or similar contractual rights granted by the Company. The authorized Common Stock conform in all material respects to all statements relating thereto contained in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. The offers and sales of the outstanding Common Stock were at all relevant times either registered under the Securities Act and the applicable state securities or “blue sky” laws or, based in part on the representations and warranties of the purchasers of such shares, exempt from such registration requirements.
2.9.2. Securities Sold Pursuant to this Agreement. The Public Securities have been duly authorized for issuance and sale and, when issued and paid for, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable; the holders thereof are not and will not be subject to personal liability by reason of being such holders; the Representative’s Warrants have been duly authorized for issuance and, when issued in accordance with their terms and the terms of this Agreement, will be valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms, except (x) as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally, (y) as enforceability of any indemnification or contribution provision may be limited under the federal and state securities laws, and (z) that the remedy of specific performance and injunctive and other forms of equitable relief may be subject to the equitable defenses and to the discretion of the court before which any proceeding therefor may be brought; the Public Securities and Representative’s Securities are not and will not be subject to any preemptive rights of any holders of any security of the Company that have not been waived or similar contractual rights granted by the Company; and all corporate action required to be taken for the authorization, issuance and sale of the Public Securities and Representative’s Securities has been duly and validly taken. The Public Securities conform in all material respects to all statements with respect thereto contained in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. All corporate action required to be taken for the authorization, issuance and sale of the Representative’s Warrants has been duly and validly taken; the Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Representative’s Warrant have been duly authorized and reserved for issuance by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company and when paid for and issued in accordance with the Representative’s Warrant upon due exercise thereof, such Common Stock will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable; the holders thereof are not and will not be subject to personal liability by reason of being such holders; and such Common Stock are not and will not be subject to the preemptive rights of any holders of any security of the Company that have not been waived or similar contractual rights granted by the Company.
2.10 Registration Rights of Third Parties. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, no holders of any securities of the Company or any rights exercisable for or convertible or exchangeable into securities of the Company have the right to require the Company to register any such securities of the Company under the Securities Act or to include any such securities in a registration statement to be filed by the Company (except for any such rights that have been waived).
2.11 Validity and Binding Effect of Agreements. This Agreement and the Representative’s Warrant have been duly and validly authorized by the Company, and, when executed and delivered, will constitute, the valid and binding agreements of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their respective terms, except: (i) as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally; (ii) as enforceability of any indemnification or contribution provision may be limited under the federal and state securities laws; and (iii) that the remedy of specific performance and injunctive and other forms of equitable relief may be subject to the equitable defenses and to the discretion of the court before which any proceeding therefor may be brought.
2.12 No Conflicts, etc. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement, the Representative’s Warrant and all ancillary documents, the consummation by the Company of the transactions herein and therein contemplated and the compliance by the Company with the terms hereof and thereof do not and will not, with or without the giving of notice or the lapse of time or both: (i) result in a material breach of, or conflict with any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute a material default under, or result in the creation, modification, termination or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company pursuant to the terms of any agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party; (ii) result in any violation of the provisions of the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation or bylaws (as the same may be amended or restated from time to time, the “Charter”); or (iii) violate any existing applicable law, rule, regulation, judgment, order or decree of any Governmental Entity as of the date hereof except in the case of clauses (i) and (iii) for any such breach, conflict, violation default, lien, charge or encumbrance that would not reasonably be expected to result in, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Change.
2.13 No Defaults; Violations. No material default exists in the due performance and observance of any term, covenant or condition of any material license, contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, note, loan or credit agreement, or any other agreement or instrument evidencing an obligation for borrowed money, or any other material agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which the Company may be bound or to which any of the properties or assets of the Company is subject. The Company is not: (i) in violation of any term or provision of its Charter; (ii) in violation of any license or permit; or (iii) any violation of applicable law, rule, regulation, judgment or decree of any Governmental Entity except, in the case of clause (ii) and (iii), for any such violation that would not reasonably be expected to result in, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Change.
2.14 Corporate Power; Licenses; Consents.
2.14.1. Conduct of Business. Except as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company has all requisite corporate power and authority, and has all necessary authorizations, approvals, orders, licenses, certificates and permits of and from all governmental regulatory officials and bodies that it needs as of the date hereof to conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, except for the absence of which would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.
2.14.2. Transactions Contemplated Herein. The Company has all corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to carry out the provisions and conditions hereof. No consent, authorization or order of, and no filing with, any court, government agency or other body is required for the valid issuance, sale and delivery of the Public Securities and the consummation of the transactions and agreements contemplated by this Agreement and the Representative’s Warrant and as contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, except for the registration of the Public Securities under the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws, and: (i) such consents, approvals, authorizations, orders, filings, registrations or qualifications that have already been obtained or made; and (ii) with respect to applicable federal and state securities laws and the rules and regulations of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) and the Exchange in connection with the Offering and the listing of the Public Securities on the Exchange.
2.15 D&O Questionnaires. To the Company’s knowledge, all information contained in the questionnaires (the “Questionnaires”) completed by each of the Company’s directors and officers immediately prior to the Offering (the “Insiders”) as supplemented by all information concerning the Company’s directors, officers and principal stockholders as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, provided to the Underwriters, is true and correct in all material respects and the Company has not become aware of any information which would cause the information disclosed in the Questionnaires to become materially inaccurate and incorrect.
2.16 Litigation; Governmental Proceedings. There is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry, arbitration, investigation, litigation or governmental proceeding pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened against, or involving the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, any executive officer or director that, if determined adversely to the Company, would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change, which is required to be disclosed and has not been disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus or in connection with the Company’s listing application for the listing of the Public Securities on the Exchange.
2.17 Good Standing. The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation under the laws of the State of Delaware and as of the date hereof is in good standing in each other jurisdiction in which its ownership or lease of property or the conduct of business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified, singularly or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.
2.18 Insurance. The Company carries or is entitled to the benefits of insurance, with reputable insurers, in such amounts and covering such risks which the Company believes are adequate, including, but not limited to, directors and officers insurance coverage at least equal to $5,000,000 and all such insurance is in full force and effect. The Company has no reason to believe that it will not be able: (i) to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such policies expire; or (ii) to obtain comparable coverage from similar institutions as may be necessary or appropriate to conduct its business as now conducted and at a cost that would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.
2.19 Transactions Affecting Disclosure to FINRA.
2.19.1. Finder’s Fees. Except as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, there are no claims, payments, arrangements, agreements or understandings relating to the payment of a finder’s, consulting or origination fee by the Company or any Insider with respect to the sale of the Public Securities hereunder or any other arrangements, agreements or understandings of the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, any of its stockholders that may affect the Underwriters’ compensation, as determined by FINRA.
2.19.2. Payments Within 180 Days. Except as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company has not made any direct or indirect payments (in cash, securities or otherwise) to: (i) any person, as a finder’s fee, consulting fee or otherwise, in consideration of such person raising capital for the Company or introducing to the Company persons who raised or provided capital to the Company; (ii) any FINRA member participating in the Offering (as defined in FINRA Rule 5110(j)(15), “Participating Member”); or (iii) any person or entity that has any direct or indirect affiliation or association with any Participating Member, within the180 day period immediately preceding the initial filing of the Registration Statement (or committed to making any such payments in the 60 day period after the Effective Date), other than the payment to the Underwriters as provided hereunder in connection with the Offering.
2.19.3. Use of Proceeds. None of the net proceeds of the Offering will be paid by the Company to any Participating Member or its affiliates, except as specifically authorized herein.
2.19.4. FINRA Affiliation. Except as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, there is no: (i) officer or director of the Company; (ii) beneficial owner of 10% or more of any class of the Company’s securities; or (iii) beneficial owner of the Company’s unregistered equity securities which were acquired during the 180 day period immediately preceding the filing of the Registration Statement that, in each case and to the Company’s knowledge, is an affiliate or associated person of a Participating Member (as determined in accordance with the rules and regulations of FINRA).
2.19.5. Information. All information provided by the Company in its FINRA questionnaire to Representative Counsel specifically for use by Representative Counsel in connection with its Public Offering System filings (and related disclosure) with FINRA under FINRA Rule 5110 is true, correct and complete in all material respects.
2.20 Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. None of the Company and its Subsidiaries or, to the Company’s knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company and its Subsidiaries or any other person acting on behalf of the Company and its Subsidiaries, in their capacity as such, has, directly or indirectly, given or agreed to give any money, gift or similar benefit (other than legal price concessions to customers in the ordinary course of business) to any customer, supplier, employee or agent of a customer or supplier, or official or employee of any governmental agency or instrumentality of any government (domestic or foreign) or any political party or candidate for office (domestic or foreign) or other person who was, is, or may be in a position to help or hinder the business of the Company (or assist it in connection with any actual or proposed transaction) that would reasonably be expected to: (i) subject the Company to any damage or penalty in any civil, criminal or governmental litigation or proceeding; (ii) if not given in the past, have had a Material Adverse Change; or (iii) if not continued in the future, adversely affect the assets, business, or operations of the Company. The Company has taken reasonable steps to ensure that its accounting controls and procedures are sufficient to cause the Company to comply in all material respects with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.
2.21 Compliance with OFAC. None of the Company and its Subsidiaries or, to the Company’s knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company and its Subsidiaries or any other person acting on behalf of the Company and its Subsidiaries, is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury (“OFAC”), and the Company will not, directly or indirectly, use the proceeds of the Offering hereunder, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other person or entity, for the purpose of financing the activities of any person currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC.
2.22 Anti-Money Laundering Laws. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, the anti-money laundering statutes of all applicable jurisdictions where the Company conducts business, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any Governmental Entity (collectively, the “Anti-Money Laundering Laws”); and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any Governmental Entity involving the Company with respect to the Anti-Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened.
2.23 Officers’ Certificate. Any certificate signed by any duly authorized officer of the Company and delivered to you or to Representative Counsel shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Company to the Underwriters as to the matters covered thereby.
2.24 Lock-Up Agreements. Schedule 3 hereto contains a complete and accurate list of the Company’s officers and directors, and each holder of the Company’s issued and outstanding Common Stock (or securities convertible or exercisable into shares of Common Stock, other than options, restricted stock units and warrants) (collectively, the “Lock-Up Parties”). The Company has caused each of the Lock-Up Parties to deliver to the Representative an executed Lock-Up Agreement, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the “Lock-Up Agreement”), prior to the execution of this Agreement.
2.25 Subsidiaries. All direct and indirect Subsidiaries of the Company are duly organized and in good standing (to the extent the concept of good standing is applicable in such jurisdiction) under the laws of the place of organization or incorporation, and each Subsidiary is in good standing (to the extent the concept of good standing is applicable in such jurisdiction) in each jurisdiction in which its ownership or lease of property or the conduct of business requires such qualification, except where the failure to qualify would not result in a Material Adverse Change. The Company’s ownership and control of each Subsidiary is as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.
2.26 Related Party Transactions. There are no business relationships or related party transactions involving the Company or any other person required to be described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus that have not been described as required by the Securities Act or the Securities Act Regulations.
2.27 Board of Directors. The Board of Directors of the Company is comprised of the persons set forth under the heading of the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus captioned “Management.” The qualifications of the persons serving as board members and the overall composition of the board comply with the Exchange Act, the Exchange Act Regulations, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules promulgated thereunder (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”) applicable to the Company and the listing rules of the Exchange. At least one member of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert,” as such term is defined under Regulation S-K and the listing rules of the Exchange. In addition, at least a majority of the persons serving on the Board of Directors qualify as “independent,” as defined under the listing rules of the Exchange.
2.28 Sarbanes-Oxley Compliance.
2.28.1. Disclosure Controls. The Company has taken all necessary actions to ensure that, in the time periods required, the Company will comply with Rule 13a-15 or 15d-15 under the Exchange Act Regulations applicable to the Company, and such controls and procedures are effective to ensure that all material information concerning the Company will be made known on a timely basis to the individuals responsible for the preparation of the Company’s Exchange Act filings and other public disclosure documents.
2.28.2. Compliance. The Company is, or at the Applicable Time and on the Closing Date will be, in material compliance with the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act applicable to it, and has implemented or will implement such programs and has taken reasonable steps to ensure the Company’s future compliance (not later than the relevant statutory and regulatory deadlines therefor) with all of the material provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act then applicable to it.
2.29 Accounting Controls. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company and its Subsidiaries maintain systems of “internal control over financial reporting” (as defined under Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act Regulations) that comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Exchange Act and have been designed by, or under the supervision of, their respective principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP, including, but not limited to, internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company is not aware of any material weaknesses in its internal controls. The Company’s auditors and the Board of Directors of the Company have been advised of: (i) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are known to the Company’s management and that have adversely and materially affected or are reasonably likely to adversely and materially affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (ii) any fraud known to the Company’s management, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.
2.30 No Investment Company Status. The Company is not and, after giving effect to the Offering and the application of the proceeds thereof as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, will not be, required to register as an “investment company,” as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
2.31 No Labor Disputes. No material labor dispute with the employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent.
2.32 Intellectual Property Rights. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries owns or possesses or has valid rights to use all patents, patent applications, trademarks, service marks, trade names, trademark registrations, service mark registrations, copyrights, licenses, inventions, trade secrets and similar rights (“Intellectual Property Rights”) necessary for the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently carried on and as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. To the knowledge of the Company, no action or use by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries necessary for the conduct of its business as currently carried on and as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus will involve or give rise to any infringement of, or license or similar fees for, any Intellectual Property Rights of others which has not been subsequently rectified. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any pending notice alleging any such infringement, fee or conflict with asserted Intellectual Property Rights of others. Except as would not reasonably be expected to result, individually or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Change: (A) to the knowledge of the Company, there is no infringement, misappropriation or violation by third parties of any of the Intellectual Property Rights owned by the Company; (B) there is no pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the rights of the Company in or to any such Intellectual Property Rights, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim, that would, individually or in the aggregate, together with any other claims in this Section 2.32, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change; (C) the Intellectual Property Rights owned by the Company and, to the knowledge of the Company, the Intellectual Property Rights licensed to the Company have not been adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction invalid or unenforceable, in whole or in part, and there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the validity or scope of any such Intellectual Property Rights, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim that would, individually or in the aggregate, together with any other claims in this Section 2.32, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change; (D) there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others that the Company infringes, misappropriates or otherwise violates any Intellectual Property Rights or other proprietary rights of others, the Company has not received any written notice of such claim and the Company is unaware of any other facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim that would, individually or in the aggregate, together with any other claims in this Section 2.32, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change; and (E) to the Company’s knowledge, no employee of the Company is in or has ever been in violation in any material respect of any term of any employment contract, patent disclosure agreement, invention assignment agreement, non-competition agreement, non-solicitation agreement, nondisclosure agreement or any restrictive covenant to or with a former employer where the basis of such violation relates to such employee’s employment with the Company, or actions undertaken by the employee while employed with the Company and could reasonably be expected to result, individually or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Change has not been subsequently rectified or settled. To the Company’s knowledge, all material technical information developed by and belonging to the Company which has not been patented has been kept confidential. The Company is not a party to or bound by any options, licenses or agreements with respect to the Intellectual Property Rights of any other person or entity that are required to be set forth in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and are not described therein. The Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus contain in all material respects the same description of the matters set forth in the preceding sentence. None of the technology employed by the Company has been obtained or is being used by the Company in violation of any contractual obligation binding on the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, any of its officers, directors or employees, or otherwise in violation of the rights of any persons. Except as would not, singly or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, with respect to generative artificial intelligence models or advanced machine learning models (“AI Tools”), the Company and its subsidiaries, (i) use AI Tools in compliance with applicable licenses terms, consents, agreements and laws, (ii) to the knowledge of the Company, have not used AI Tools to create or develop any products, or Intellectual Property in a manner that resulted in a third party having rights in such products or Intellectual Property Rights and (iii) have not included and do not include personally identifiable information, protected health information, consumer information, trade secrets or other confidential information in any prompts or inputs into any AI Tools, for the avoidance of doubt, prong (ii) and (iii) do not include machine learning functionalities of the Company’s products or product candidates.
2.33 Taxes. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has: (i) filed all returns (as hereinafter defined) required to be filed with taxing authorities prior to the date hereof or has duly obtained extensions of time for the filing thereof, except in any case in which the failure so to file would not reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change; and (ii) has paid all taxes (as hereinafter defined) shown as due on such returns that were filed and has paid all taxes imposed on or assessed against the Company or such respective Subsidiary, except as currently being contested in good faith or would not reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change. The provisions for taxes payable, if any, shown on the financial statements filed with or as part of the Registration Statement are sufficient for all accrued and unpaid taxes, whether or not disputed, and for all periods to and including the dates of such consolidated financial statements. Except as disclosed in writing to the Underwriters: (i) no issues have been raised (and are currently pending) by any taxing authority in connection with any of the returns or taxes asserted as due from the Company or its Subsidiaries; and (ii) no waivers of statutes of limitation with respect to the returns or collection of taxes have been given by or requested from the Company or its Subsidiaries. The term “taxes” means all federal, state, local, foreign and other net income, gross income, gross receipts, sales, use, ad valorem, transfer, franchise, profits, license, lease, service, service use, withholding, payroll, employment, excise, severance, stamp, occupation, premium, property, windfall profits, customs, duties or other taxes, fees, assessments or charges of any kind whatever, together with any interest and any penalties, additions to tax or additional amounts with respect thereto. The term “returns” means all returns, declarations, reports, statements and other documents required to be filed in respect to taxes.
2.34 ERISA Compliance. The Company and any “employee benefit plan” (as defined under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and the regulations and published interpretations thereunder (collectively, “ERISA”)) established or maintained by the Company or its ERISA Affiliates (as defined below) are in compliance in all material respects with ERISA. “ERISA Affiliate” means, with respect to the Company, any member of any group of organizations described in Sections 414(b),(c),(m) or (o) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the regulations and published interpretations thereunder (the “Code”) of which the Company is a member. No “reportable event” (as defined under ERISA) has occurred or is reasonably expected to occur with respect to any “employee benefit plan” established or maintained by the Company or any of its ERISA Affiliates. No “employee benefit plan” established or maintained by the Company or any of its ERISA Affiliates, if such “employee benefit plan” were terminated, would have any “amount of unfunded benefit liabilities” (as defined under ERISA). Neither the Company nor any of its ERISA Affiliates has incurred or reasonably expects to incur any material liability under: (i) Title IV of ERISA with respect to termination of, or withdrawal from, any “employee benefit plan”; or (ii) Sections 412, 4971, 4975 or 4980B of the Code. Each “employee benefit plan” established or maintained by the Company or any of its ERISA Affiliates that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified and, to the knowledge of the Company, nothing has occurred, whether by action or failure to act, which would cause the loss of such qualification.
2.35 Compliance with Laws. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and as would not, individually or in the aggregate, be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change, the Company: (A) is and at all times has been in compliance with all statutes, rules, or regulations applicable to the services provided by the Company (“Applicable Laws”), except as could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change; (B) has not received any warning letter, untitled letter or other correspondence or notice from any other governmental authority alleging or asserting noncompliance with any Applicable Laws or any licenses, certificates, approvals, clearances, authorizations, permits and supplements or amendments thereto required by any such Applicable Laws (“Authorizations”); (C) possesses all material Authorizations for conducting its business as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and such material Authorizations are valid and in full force and effect and are not in material violation of any term of any such Authorizations; (D) has not received written notice of any claim, action, suit, proceeding, hearing, enforcement, investigation, arbitration or other action from any governmental authority or third party alleging that any product operation or activity is in violation of any Applicable Laws or Authorizations and has no knowledge that any such governmental authority or third party is considering any such claim, litigation, arbitration, action, suit, investigation or proceeding that, if brought, may result in a Material Adverse Change; (E) has not received written notice that any governmental authority has taken, is taking or intends to take action to limit, suspend, modify or revoke any Authorizations and has no knowledge that any such governmental authority is considering such action; and (F) has filed, obtained, maintained or submitted or taken reasonably practicable steps to file, obtain, maintain or submit all material reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments as required by any Applicable Laws or Authorizations and that all such reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments were complete and correct, in all material respects, on the date filed (or were corrected or supplemented by a subsequent submission).
2.36 Ineligible Issuer. At the time of filing the Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, at the time of effectiveness of the Registration Statement and any amendment thereto, at the earliest time thereafter that the Company or another offering participant made a bona fide offer (within the meaning of Rule 164(h)(2) of the Securities Act Regulations) of the Public Securities and at the date hereof, the Company was not and is not an “ineligible issuer,” as defined in Rule 405.
2.37 Real Property. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company and its Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to, or have valid rights to lease or otherwise use, all items of real or personal property which are material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, in each case free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, security interests, claims and defects that do not, singly or in the aggregate, materially affect the value of such property and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company or its Subsidiaries; and all of the leases and subleases material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, considered as one enterprise, and under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries holds properties described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, are in full force and effect, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any written notice of any material claim of any sort that has been asserted by anyone adverse to the rights of the Company or any Subsidiary under any of the leases or subleases mentioned above, or affecting or questioning the rights of the Company or such Subsidiary to the continued possession of the leased or subleased premises under any such lease or sublease.
2.38 Contracts Affecting Capital. There are no transactions, arrangements or other relationships between and/or among the Company, any of its affiliates (as such term is defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act Regulations) and any unconsolidated entity, including, but not limited to, any structured finance, special purpose or limited purpose entity that could reasonably be expected to materially affect the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ liquidity or the availability of or requirements for their capital resources required to be described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus which have not been described as required.
2.39 Loans to Directors or Officers. There are no outstanding loans, advances (except normal advances for business expenses in the ordinary course of business) or guarantees or indebtedness by the Company or its Subsidiaries to or for the benefit of any of the officers or directors of the Company, its Subsidiaries or any of their respective family members, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.
2.40 Smaller Reporting Company. As of the time of filing of the Registration Statement, the Company was a “smaller reporting company,” as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act Regulations.
2.41 Industry Data. The statistical and market-related data included in each of the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus are based on or derived from sources that the Company reasonably and in good faith believes are reliable and accurate or represent the Company’s good faith estimates that are made on the basis of data derived from such sources.
2.42 Emerging Growth Company. From the time of the initial confidential submission of the Registration Statement to the Commission (or, if earlier, the first date on which the Company engaged directly in or through any Person authorized to act on its behalf in any Testing-the Waters Communication) through the date hereof, the Company has been and is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act (an “Emerging Growth Company”). “Testing-the-Waters Communication” means any oral or written communication with potential investors undertaken in reliance on Section 5(d) of the Securities Act.
2.43 Testing-the-Waters Communications. The Company has not: (i) alone engaged in any Testing-the-Waters Communications, other than Testing-the-Waters Communications with the written consent of the Representative and with entities that are qualified institutional buyers within the meaning of Rule 144A under the Securities Act or institutions that are accredited investors within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act; and (ii) authorized anyone other than the Representative to engage in Testing-the-Waters Communications. The Company confirms that the Representative have been authorized to act on its behalf in undertaking Testing-the-Waters Communications. The Company has not distributed any Written Testing-the-Waters Communications other than those listed on Schedule 2-B hereto. “Written Testing-the-Waters Communication” means any Testing-the-Waters Communication that is a written communication within the meaning of Rule 405 under the Securities Act.
2.44 Electronic Road Show. The Company has made available a Bona Fide Electronic Road Show in compliance with Rule 433(d)(8)(ii) of the Securities Act Regulations such that no filing of any “road show” (as defined in Rule 433(h) of the Securities Act Regulations) is required in connection with the Offering.
2.45 Margin Securities. The Company owns no “margin securities” as that term is defined in Regulation U of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve Board”), and none of the proceeds of Offering will be used, directly or indirectly, for the purpose of purchasing or carrying any margin security, for the purpose of reducing or retiring any indebtedness which was originally incurred to purchase or carry any margin security or for any other purpose which might cause any of the Common Stock to be considered a “purpose credit” within the meanings of Regulation T, U or X of the Federal Reserve Board.
2.46 [Reserved].
2.47 Regulatory Filings. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has failed to file with the applicable Governmental Authority any required filing, declaration, listing, registration, report or submission, except for such failures that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change; except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, all such filings, declarations, listings, registrations, reports or submissions were in material compliance with applicable laws when filed and no deficiencies have been asserted by any applicable regulatory authority with respect to any such filings, declarations, listings, registrations, reports or submissions, except for any deficiencies that, individually or in the aggregate, would not result in a Material Adverse Change.
2.48 [Reserved].
2.49 Environmental Laws. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, the Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with any and all applicable federal, state, local and foreign laws, rules, regulations, decisions and orders relating to the protection of human health and safety, the environment or hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants (collectively, “Environmental Laws “); (ii) have received and are in compliance with all material permits, licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus; and (iii) have not received notice of any actual or potential liability for the investigation or remediation of any disposal or release of hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants, except, in the case of any of clauses (i), (ii) or (iii) above, for any such failure to comply or failure to receive required permits, licenses, other approvals or liability as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.
2.50 Cybersecurity. The Company and its Subsidiaries’ information technology assets and equipment, computers, systems, networks, hardware, software, websites, applications, and databases (collectively, “IT Systems”) are adequate for, and operate and perform in all material respects as required in connection with the operation of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted, and, to the knowledge of the Company, free and clear of all material bugs, errors, defects, Trojan horses, time bombs, malware and other corruptants. The Company and its Subsidiaries have implemented commercially reasonable physical, technical and administrative controls, policies, procedures, and safeguards to maintain and protect their material confidential information and the integrity, continuous operation, redundancy and security of all IT Systems and data, including Personal Data (as defined herein), used in connection with their businesses. “Personal Data” means: (i) a natural person’s name, street address, telephone number, e-mail address, photograph, social security number or tax identification number, driver’s license number, passport number, credit card number, bank information, or customer or account number; (ii) any information which would qualify as “personally identifying information” under the Federal Trade Commission Act, as amended; (iii) “personal data” as defined by GDPR (as defined below); and (iv) any other piece of information that allows the identification of such natural person, or his or her family, or permits the collection or analysis of any data related to an identified person’s health or sexual orientation. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, there have been no material breaches, violations, outages or unauthorized uses of or accesses to same, except for those that have been remedied without material cost or liability or the duty to notify any other person, nor any material incidents under internal review or investigations relating to the same. The Company and its Subsidiaries are presently in material compliance with all applicable laws or statutes and all judgments, orders, rules and regulations of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, internal policies and contractual obligations relating to the privacy and security of IT Systems and Personal Data and to the protection of such IT Systems and Personal Data from unauthorized use, access, misappropriation or modification.
2.51 Compliance with Data Privacy Laws. The Company and its Subsidiaries are, and at all prior times were, in material compliance with all applicable state, federal and foreign data privacy and security laws and regulations (collectively, the “Privacy Laws”). To ensure compliance with the Privacy Laws, the Company and its Subsidiaries have in place, comply with, and take appropriate steps reasonably designed to ensure compliance in all material respects with their policies and procedures relating to data privacy and security and the collection, storage, use, disclosure, handling, and analysis of Personal Data (the “Policies”). The Company and its Subsidiaries have, to the knowledge of the Company, at all times made all material disclosures to users or customers required by applicable laws and regulatory rules or requirements, and none of such material disclosures made or contained in any Policy have, to the knowledge of the Company, been materially inaccurate or in violation of any applicable laws and regulatory rules or requirements in any material respect. The Company further certifies that neither it nor any Subsidiary: (i) has received written notice of any actual or potential liability under or relating to, or actual or potential material violation of, any of the Privacy Laws, and has no knowledge of any event or condition that would reasonably be expected to result in any such notice; (ii) is currently conducting or paying for, in whole or in part, any material investigation, remediation, or other corrective action pursuant to any Privacy Law; or (iii) is a party to any order, decree, or agreement that imposes any material obligation or liability under any Privacy Law.
| 3. | Covenants of the Company. The Company covenants and agrees as follows: |
3.1 Amendments to Registration Statement. The Company shall deliver to the Representative, prior to filing, any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or Prospectus proposed to be filed after the Effective Date and not file any such amendment or supplement to which the Representative shall reasonably object in writing.
3.2 Federal Securities Laws.
3.2.1. Compliance. The Company, subject to Section 3.2.2, shall comply with the requirements of Rule 430A of the Securities Act Regulations, and will notify the Representative promptly, and confirm the notice in writing: (i) when any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement shall become effective or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus shall have been filed; (ii) of the receipt of any comments from the Commission; (iii) of any request by the Commission for any amendment to the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus or for additional information; (iv) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment or of any order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus, or of the suspension of the qualification of the Public Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or of the initiation or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatening of any proceedings for any of such purposes or of any examination pursuant to Section 8(d) or 8(e) of the Securities Act concerning the Registration Statement; and (v) if the Company becomes the subject of a proceeding under Section 8A of the Securities Act in connection with the Offering of the Public Securities. The Company shall effect all filings required under Rule 424(b) of the Securities Act Regulations, in the manner and within the time period required by Rule 424(b) (without reliance on Rule 424(b)(8)), and shall take such steps as it deems necessary to ascertain promptly whether the form of prospectus transmitted for filing under Rule 424(b) was received for filing by the Commission and, in the event that it was not, it will promptly file such prospectus. The Company shall use its best efforts to prevent the issuance of any stop order, prevention or suspension and, if any such order is issued, to obtain the lifting thereof at the earliest possible moment.
3.2.2. Continued Compliance. The Company shall comply with the Securities Act, the Securities Act Regulations, the Exchange Act and the Exchange Act Regulations so as to permit the completion of the distribution of the Public Securities as contemplated in this Agreement and in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. If at any time when a prospectus relating to the Public Securities is (or, but for the exception afforded by Rule 172 of the Securities Act Regulations (“Rule 172”), would be) required by the Securities Act to be delivered in connection with sales of the Public Securities, any event shall occur or condition shall exist as a result of which it is necessary, in the opinion of counsel for the Underwriters or for the Company, to: (i) amend the Registration Statement in order that the Registration Statement will not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; (ii) amend or supplement the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus in order that the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, as the case may be, will not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading in light of the circumstances existing at the time it is delivered to a purchaser; or (iii) amend the Registration Statement or amend or supplement the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, as the case may be, in order to comply with the requirements of the Securities Act or the Securities Act Regulations, the Company will promptly: (A) give the Representative notice of such event; (B) prepare any amendment or supplement as may be necessary to correct such statement or omission or to make the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus comply with such requirements and, a reasonable amount of time prior to any proposed filing or use, furnish the Representative with copies of any such amendment or supplement; and (C) file with the Commission any such amendment or supplement; provided that the Company shall not file or use any such amendment or supplement to which the Representative or Representative Counsel shall reasonably object. The Company will furnish to the Underwriters such number of copies of such amendment or supplement as the Underwriters may reasonably request. The Company has given the Representative notice of any filings made pursuant to the Exchange Act or the Exchange Act Regulations within 48 hours prior to the Applicable Time. The Company shall give the Representative notice of its intention to make any such filing from the Applicable Time until the later of the Closing Date and the exercise in full or expiration of the Over-allotment Option specified in Section 1.2 hereof and will furnish the Representative with copies of the related document(s) a reasonable amount of time prior to such proposed filing, as the case may be, and will not file or use any such document to which the Representative or Representative Counsel shall reasonably object.
3.2.3. Exchange Act Registration. For a period of three (3) years after the date of this Agreement, the Company shall use its best reasonable efforts to maintain the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act, unless the Company is taken private in a bona fide acquisition transaction. For the period of twenty-four (24) months after the date of this Agreement, the Company shall not deregister the Common Stock under the Exchange Act without the prior written consent of the Representative, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.
3.2.4. Free Writing Prospectuses. The Company agrees that, unless it obtains the prior written consent of the Representative, it shall not make any offer relating to the Public Securities that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or that would otherwise constitute a “free writing prospectus,” or a portion thereof, required to be filed by the Company with the Commission or retained by the Company under Rule 433; provided that the Representative shall be deemed to have consented to each Issuer General Use Free Writing Prospectus hereto and any “road show that is a written communication” within the meaning of Rule 433(d)(8)(i) that has been reviewed by the Representative. The Company represents that it has treated or agrees that it will treat each such free writing prospectus consented to, or deemed consented to, by the Underwriters as an “issuer free writing prospectus,” as defined in Rule 433, and that it has complied and will comply with the applicable requirements of Rule 433 with respect thereto, including timely filing with the Commission where required, legending and record keeping. If at any time following issuance of an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus there occurred or occurs an event or development as a result of which such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus conflicted or would conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement or included or would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or would omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances existing at that subsequent time, not misleading, the Company will promptly notify the Underwriters and will promptly amend or supplement, at its own expense, such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus to eliminate or correct such conflict, untrue statement or omission.
3.2.5. Testing-the-Waters Communications. If at any time following the distribution of any Written Testing-the-Waters Communication there occurred or occurs an event or development as a result of which such Written Testing-the-Waters Communication included or would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or would omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances existing at that subsequent time, not misleading, the Company shall promptly notify the Representative and shall promptly amend or supplement, at its own expense, such Written Testing-the-Waters Communication to eliminate or correct such untrue statement or omission.
3.3 Delivery to the Underwriters of Registration Statements. The Company has delivered or made available or shall deliver or make available to the Representative and Representative Counsel, without charge, signed copies of the Registration Statement as originally filed and each amendment thereto (including exhibits filed therewith) and signed copies of all consents and certificates of experts, and upon request, will deliver to the Underwriters, without charge, a conformed copy of the Registration Statement as originally filed and each amendment thereto (without exhibits) for each of the Underwriters. The copies of the Registration Statement and each amendment thereto furnished to the Underwriters will be identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T.
3.4 Delivery to the Underwriters of Prospectuses. The Company has delivered or made available or will deliver or make available to each Underwriter, without charge, as many copies of each Preliminary Prospectus as such Underwriter reasonably requested, and the Company hereby consents to the use of such copies for purposes permitted by the Securities Act. The Company will furnish to each Underwriter, without charge, during the period when a prospectus relating to the Public Securities is (or, but for the exception afforded by Rule 172, would be) required to be delivered under the Securities Act, such number of copies of the Prospectus (as amended or supplemented) as such Underwriter may reasonably request. The Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto furnished to the Underwriters will be identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T.
3.5 [Reserved]
3.6 [Reserved]
3.7 Listing. The Company shall use its best reasonable efforts to maintain the listing of the Common Stock (including the Public Securities) on the Exchange for at least three (3) years from the date of this Agreement.
3.8 [Reserved]
3.9 [Reserved]
3.10 Payment of Expenses
3.10.1. General Expenses Related to the Offering. The Company hereby agrees to pay on each of the Closing Date and the Option Closing Date, if any, to the extent not paid at the Closing Date, all expenses incident to the performance of the obligations of the Company under this Agreement, including, but not limited to: (a) all filing fees and communication expenses relating to the registration of the Public Securities to be sold in the Offering (including the Option Shares) with the Commission; (b) all Public Filing System filing fees associated with the review of the Offering by FINRA; (c) all fees and expenses relating to the listing of such Public Securities on the Exchange; (d) all fees, expenses and disbursements relating to the registration or qualification of the Public Securities under the “blue sky” securities laws of such states and other jurisdictions as the Representative may reasonably designate (including, without limitation, all filing and registration fees); (e) all fees, expenses and disbursements relating to the registration, qualification or exemption of the Public Securities under the securities laws of such foreign jurisdictions as the Representative may reasonably designate; (f) the costs of preparing, printing and delivering certificates representing the Public Securities, if any; (g) fees and expenses of the transfer agent for the Common Stock; (h) stock transfer and/or stamp taxes, if any, payable upon the transfer of securities from the Company to the Underwriters; (i) the fees and expenses of the Company’s accountants; (j) the fees and expenses of the Company’s legal counsel and other agents and representatives of the Company; (k) reasonable and documented fees and expenses of Representative Counsel; (l) the costs associated with the Underwriter’s use of Ipreo’s book-building, prospectus tracking and compliance software for the Offering; and (m) the Underwriters’ actual accountable “road show” expenses for the Offering. The expenses to be paid by the Company and reimbursed to the Underwriters (“Accountable Out-of-Pocket Expenses”) under this Section 3.10.1 shall not exceed $175,000 without the prior approval of the Company. In addition to the forgoing, the Company shall be responsible for the costs of background checks on its senior management in an amount not to exceed $7,500.
3.10.2. The Company has advanced an amount of $57,500 (the “Advance”) to the Representative in anticipation of any Accountable Out-of-Pocket Expenses to be incurred by the Representative.
3.10.3. Non-accountable Expenses. The Company further agrees that, in addition to the expenses payable pursuant to Section 3.10.1, on the Closing Date it shall pay to the Representative, by deduction from the net proceeds of the Offering contemplated herein, a non-accountable expense allowance equal to one percent (1.0%) of the gross proceeds received by the Company from the sale of the Firm Shares and Option Shares, less the Advance (as such term is defined in Section 3.10.2 hereof), provided, however, that in the event that the Offering is terminated under Section 8 hereof, the Company agrees to reimburse the Underwriters pursuant to Section 8.3 hereof.
3.11 Application of Net Proceeds. The Company shall apply the net proceeds from the Offering received by it in a manner consistent with the application thereof described under the caption “Use of Proceeds” in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.
3.12 Delivery of Earnings Statements to Security Holders. The Company shall make generally available to its security holders as soon as practicable, but not later than the first day of the 15th full calendar month following the date of this Agreement, an earnings statement (which need not be certified by an independent registered public accounting firm unless required by the Securities Act or the Securities Act Regulations, but which shall satisfy the provisions of Rule 158(a) under Section 11(a) of the Securities Act) covering a period of at least 12 consecutive months beginning after the date of this Agreement, provided that the Company will be deemed to have furnished such earnings statement to its security holders by Exchange Act reports that are filed with the Commission and available on the EDGAR system.
3.13 Stabilization. Neither the Company nor, to its knowledge, any of its employees, directors or stockholders (without the consent of the Representative) has taken or shall take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that has constituted or that might reasonably be expected to cause or result in, under Regulation M of the Exchange Act, or otherwise, stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Public Securities.
3.14 Internal Controls. Except to the extent disclosed in the Registration Statement, Pricing Disclosure Package and Prospectus, the Company shall maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary in order to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP and to maintain accountability for assets; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.
3.15 Accountants. As of the date of this Agreement, the Company has retained an independent registered public accounting firm reasonably acceptable to the Representative, and the Company shall continue to retain a nationally recognized independent registered public accounting firm for a period of at least three (3) years after the date of this Agreement. The Representative acknowledges that the Auditor is acceptable to the Representative.
3.16 FINRA. For a period of 90 days from the later of the Closing Date or any Option Closing Date, the Company shall advise the Representative (who shall make an appropriate filing with FINRA) if it is or becomes aware that: (i) any officer or director of the Company; (ii) any beneficial owner of 10% or more of any class of the Company’s securities prior to the Offering; or (iii) any beneficial owner of 10% or more of the Company’s unregistered equity securities which were acquired during the 180 days immediately preceding the filing of the Registration Statement is or becomes an affiliate or associated person of a Participating Member in the Offering (as determined in accordance with the rules and regulations of FINRA).
3.17 No Fiduciary Duties. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Underwriters’ responsibility to the Company is solely contractual in nature and that none of the Underwriters or their affiliates or any selling agent shall be deemed to be acting in a fiduciary capacity, or otherwise owes any fiduciary duty to the Company or any of its affiliates in connection with the Offering and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
3.18 Company Lock-Up Agreements.
3.18.1. Restriction on Sales of Capital Stock. The Company, on behalf of itself and any successor entity, agrees that, without the prior written consent of the Representative, it will not, for a period of 180 days after the date of this Agreement (the “Lock-Up Period”): (i) offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of capital stock of the Company or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Company; (ii) file or cause to be filed any registration statement with the Commission relating to the offering of any shares of capital stock of the Company or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Company, other than a registration statement on Form S-8 for employee benefit plans; or (iii) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of capital stock of the Company, whether any such transaction described in clause (i), (ii), or (iii) above is to be settled by delivery of shares of capital stock of the Company or such other securities, in cash or otherwise.
The restrictions contained in this Section 3.18.1 shall not apply to: (i) the shares of Common Stock to be sold hereunder and the Representative’s Warrant issuable pursuant to this Agreement; (ii) the issuance by the Company of shares of Common Stock upon the exercise of a stock option or warrant or the conversion of a security outstanding on the date hereof, which is disclosed in the Registration Statement, Pricing Disclosure Package and Prospectus, provided that such options, warrants, and securities have not been amended since the date of this Agreement to increase the number of such securities or to decrease the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities or to extend the term of such securities; or (iii) the issuance by the Company of stock options, other stock-based awards or the issuance by the Company of shares of capital stock of the Company under any equity compensation plan of the Company, provided that in each of (ii) and (iii) above, the underlying shares shall be restricted from sale during the entire Lock-Up Period.
3.18.2. [Reserved].
3.19 Release of D&O Lock-up Period. If the Representative, in its sole discretion, agrees to release or waive the restrictions set forth in the Lock-Up Agreements described in Section 2.24 hereof for an officer or director of the Company and provide the Company with notice of the impending release or waiver at least three (3) Business Days before the effective date of the release or waiver, the Company agrees to announce the impending release or waiver by a press release substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto through a major news service at least two (2) Business Days before the effective date of the release or waiver.
3.20 Blue Sky Qualifications. The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts, in cooperation with the Underwriters, if necessary, to qualify the Public Securities for offering and sale under the applicable securities laws of such states and other jurisdictions (domestic or foreign) as the Representative may designate with the consent of the Company, and to maintain such qualifications in effect so long as required to complete the distribution of the Public Securities; provided, however, that the Company shall not be obligated to file any general consent to service of process or to qualify as a foreign corporation or as a dealer in securities in any jurisdiction in which it is not so qualified or to subject itself to taxation in respect of doing business in any jurisdiction in which it is not otherwise so subject.
3.21 Reporting Requirements. The Company, during the period when a prospectus relating to the Public Securities is (or, but for the exception afforded by Rule 172, would be) required to be delivered under the Securities Act, will file all documents required to be filed with the Commission pursuant to the Exchange Act within the time periods required by the Exchange Act and Exchange Act Regulations. Additionally, the Company shall report the use of proceeds from the issuance of the Public Securities as may be required under Rule 463 under the Securities Act Regulations.
3.22 Emerging Growth Company Status. The Company shall promptly notify the Representative if the Company ceases to be an Emerging Growth Company at any time prior to the later of: (i) completion of the distribution of the Public Securities within the meaning of the Securities Act; or (ii) 15 days following the completion of the Lock-Up Period.
4. Conditions of Underwriters’ Obligations. The obligations of the Underwriters to purchase and pay for the Public Securities, as provided herein, shall be subject to: (i) the continuing accuracy in all material respects of the representations and warranties of the Company as of the Applicable Time and as of each of the Closing Date and the Option Closing Date, if any; (ii) the accuracy of the statements of officers of the Company made pursuant to the provisions hereof; (iii) the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder; and (iv) the following conditions:
4.1 Regulatory Matters.
4.1.1. Effectiveness of Registration Statement; Rule 430A Information. The Registration Statement has become effective not later than 5:30 p.m., Eastern time, on the date of this Agreement or such later date and time as shall be consented to in writing by you, and, at each of the Closing Date and any Option Closing Date, no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto has been issued under the Securities Act, no order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus has been issued and no proceedings for any of those purposes have been instituted or are pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, contemplated by the Commission. The Company has complied with each request (if any) from the Commission for additional information. The Prospectus containing the Rule 430A Information shall have been filed with the Commission in the manner and within the time frame required by Rule 424(b) (without reliance on Rule 424(b)(8)) or a post-effective amendment providing such information shall have been filed with, and declared effective by, the Commission in accordance with the requirements of Rule 430A.
4.1.2. FINRA Clearance. On or before the date of this Agreement, the Representative shall have received clearance from FINRA as to the amount of compensation allowable or payable to the Underwriters as described in the Registration Statement.
4.1.3. Exchange Stock Market Clearance. On the Closing Date, the Common Stock shall have been approved for listing on the Exchange, subject only to official notice of issuance. On the first Option Closing Date (if any), the Common Stock, including the Option Shares subject to such Option Closing Date, shall have been approved for listing on the Exchange, subject only to official notice of issuance.
4.2 Company Counsel Matters.
4.2.1. Closing Date Opinion of U.S. Securities Counsel. On the Closing Date, the Representative shall have received the opinion of Lowenstein Sandler LLP, counsel to the Company with respect to certain legal matters as to U.S. federal securities and New York State law, dated the Closing Date and addressed to the Representative, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representative.
4.2.2. Option Closing Date Opinions of Counsel. On the Option Closing Date, if any, the Representative shall have received the opinion of Lowenstein Sandler LLP, dated the Option Closing Date, relating to the Option Shares to be purchased on such date, addressed to the Representative and in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representative, confirming as of the Option Closing Date, the statements made by such counsel in its opinion delivered on the Closing Date in relation to the Option Shares.
4.2.3. Reliance. In rendering such opinions, such counsel may rely: (i) as to matters involving the application of laws other than the laws of the United States and jurisdictions in which they are admitted, to the extent such counsel deems proper and to the extent specified in such opinion, if at all, upon an opinion or opinions (in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representative) of other counsel reasonably acceptable to the Representative, familiar with the applicable laws; and (ii) as to matters of fact, to the extent they deem proper, on certificates or other written statements of officers of the Company and officers of departments of various jurisdictions having custody of documents respecting the corporate existence or good standing of the Company, provided that copies of any such statements or certificates shall be delivered to Representative Counsel if requested.
4.3 Comfort Letters.
4.3.1. Cold Comfort Letter. At the time this Agreement is executed, you shall have received a cold comfort letter from the Auditor containing statements and information of the type customarily included in accountants’ comfort letters with respect to the financial statements and certain financial information contained in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, addressed to the Representative and in form and substance satisfactory in all respects to you and to the Auditor, dated as of the date of this Agreement.
4.3.2. Bring-down Comfort Letter. At each of the Closing Date and the Option Closing Date, if any, the Representative shall have received from the Auditor a letter, dated as of the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as applicable, to the effect that the Auditor reaffirms the statements made in the letter furnished pursuant to Section 4.3.1, except that the specified date referred to shall be a date not more than three (3) Business Days prior to the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as applicable.
4.4 Officers’ Certificates.
4.4.1. Officers’ Certificate. The Company shall have furnished to the Representative a certificate, dated the Closing Date and any Option Closing Date (if such date is other than the Closing Date), of its Chief Executive Officer stating on behalf of the Company and not in an individual capacity that: (i) such officer has carefully examined the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and the Prospectus and, in his opinion, the Registration Statement and each amendment thereto, as of the Applicable Time and as of the Closing Date (or any Option Closing Date if such date is other than the Closing Date) did not include any untrue statement of a material fact and did not omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein in light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading, and the Pricing Disclosure Package, as of the Applicable Time and as of the Closing Date (or any Option Closing Date if such date is other than the Closing Date), any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus as of its date and as of the Closing Date (or any Option Closing Date if such date is other than the Closing Date), the Prospectus and each amendment or supplement thereto, as of the respective date thereof and as of the Closing Date, did not include any untrue statement of a material fact and did not omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading; (ii) since the effective date of the Registration Statement, no event has occurred which should have been set forth in a supplement or amendment to the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus; (iii) to the best of his knowledge after reasonable investigation, as of the Closing Date (or any Option Closing Date if such date is other than the Closing Date), the representations and warranties of the Company in this Agreement are true and correct in all material respects (except for those representations and warranties which refer to facts existing at a specific date, which shall be true and correct as of such date), and the Company has complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied hereunder at or prior to the Closing Date (or any Option Closing Date if such date is other than the Closing Date); and (iv) there has not been, subsequent to the date of the most recent audited financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Pricing Disclosure Package, any Material Adverse Change, except as set forth in the Prospectus.
4.4.2. Secretary’s Certificate. At each of the Closing Date and the Option Closing Date, if any, the Representative shall have received a certificate of the Company signed by the Secretary of the Company, dated the Closing Date or the Option Date, as the case may be, respectively, certifying on behalf of the Company and not in an individual capacity: (i) that each of the Charter and the Bylaws is true and complete, has not been modified and is in full force and effect; (ii) that the resolutions of the Company’s Board of Directors relating to the Offering are in full force and effect and have not been modified; (iii) as to the accuracy and completeness of all correspondence between the Company or its counsel and the Commission; and (iv) as to the incumbency of the officers of the Company. The documents referred to in such certificate shall be attached to such certificate.
4.5 No Material Changes. Prior to and on each of the Closing Date and each Option Closing Date, if any: (i) there shall have been no Material Adverse Change from the latest dates as of which such condition is set forth in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus; (ii) no action, suit or proceeding, at law or in equity, shall have been pending or threatened against the Company or any Insider before or by any court or federal, state or foreign commission, board or other administrative agency wherein an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change, except as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus; (iii) no stop order shall have been issued under the Securities Act and no proceedings therefor shall have been initiated or threatened by the Commission; and (iv) the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto shall contain all material statements which are required to be stated therein in accordance with the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations and shall conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations, and neither the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package nor the Prospectus nor any amendment or supplement thereto shall contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
4.6 Delivery of Agreements.
4.6.1. Lock-Up Agreements. On or before the date of this Agreement, the Company shall have delivered to the Representative executed copies of the Lock-Up Agreements from each of the persons listed in Schedule 3 hereto.
4.6.2. Representative’s Warrants. At the Closing Date, the Representative’s Warrants and, as to each Option Closing Date, if any, the additional Representative’s Warrants, in definitive form, in such denominations and registered in such names as the Representative or its designees request, shall have been delivered to the Representative.
4.7 Additional Documents. At the Closing Date and at each Option Closing Date (if any), Representative Counsel shall have been furnished with such documents and opinions as it may reasonably require for the purpose of enabling Representative Counsel to deliver an opinion to the Underwriters, or in order to evidence the accuracy of any of the representations or warranties, or the fulfillment of any of the conditions, herein contained; and all proceedings taken by the Company in connection with the issuance and sale of the Public Securities and the Representative’s Warrant as herein contemplated shall be satisfactory in form and substance to the Representative and Representative Counsel.
| 5. | Indemnification. |
5.1 Indemnification of the Underwriters.
5.1.1. General. Subject to the conditions set forth below, the Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter, its affiliates and each of its and their respective directors, officers, members, employees, representatives, partners, shareholders, affiliates, counsel and agents and each person, if any, who controls any such Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act (collectively the “Underwriter Indemnified Parties,” and each an “Underwriter Indemnified Party”), against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense whatsoever (including, but not limited to, any and all legal or other expenses, except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever, whether arising out of any action between any of the Underwriter Indemnified Parties and the Company or between any of the Underwriter Indemnified Parties and any third party, or otherwise) to which they or any of them may become subject under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or any other statute or at common law or otherwise or under the laws of foreign countries (a “Claim”), arising out of or based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in: (A) the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus, or in any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or in any Written Testing-the-Waters Communication (as from time to time each may be amended and supplemented); (B) any materials or information provided to investors by, or with the approval of, the Company in connection with the marketing of the Offering, including any “road show” or investor presentations made to investors by the Company (whether in person or electronically); or (C) any application or other document or written communication (in this Section 5, collectively called “application”) executed by the Company or based upon written information furnished by the Company in any jurisdiction in order to qualify the Public Securities and Representative’s Warrant under the securities laws thereof or filed with the Commission, any state securities commission or agency, the Exchange or any other national securities exchange; or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, unless such statement or omission was made in reliance upon, and in conformity with, the Underwriters’ Information. With respect to any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in the Registration Statement, Pricing Disclosure Package or Prospectus, the indemnity agreement contained in this Section 5.1.1 shall not inure to the benefit to any Underwriter Indemnified Party to the extent that any loss, liability, claim, damage or expense of such Underwriter Indemnified Party results from the fact that a copy of the Prospectus was not given or sent to the person asserting any such loss, liability, claim or damage at or prior to the written confirmation of sale of the Public Securities to such person as required by the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations, and if the untrue statement or omission has been corrected in the Prospectus. The Company also agrees that it will reimburse each Underwriter Indemnified Party for all fees and expenses (including, but not limited to, any and all legal or other expenses, except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever, whether arising out of any action between any of the Underwriter Indemnified Parties and the Company or between any of the Underwriter Indemnified Parties and any third party, or otherwise) (collectively, the “Expenses”), and further agrees wherever and whenever possible to advance payment of Expenses as they are incurred by an Underwriter Indemnified Party in investigating, preparing, pursuing or defending any Claim.
5.1.2. Procedure. If any action is brought against an Underwriter Indemnified Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought against the Company pursuant to Section 5.1.1, such Underwriter Indemnified Party shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the institution of such action and the Company shall have the right to assume the defense of such action, including the employment and payment of fees of counsel designated by the Company (subject to the reasonable approval of such Underwriter Indemnified Party). Such Underwriter Indemnified Party shall have the right to employ its or their own counsel in any such case, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Underwriter Indemnified Party unless (i) the employment of such counsel at the expense of the Company shall have been authorized in writing by the Company in connection with the defense of such action, or (ii) the Company shall not have employed counsel to have charge of the defense of such action, or (iii) such indemnified party or parties shall have been advised that in the reasonable opinion of counsel that there may be defenses available to it or them which are different from or additional to those available to the Company (in which case the Company shall not have the right to direct the defense of such action on behalf of the indemnified party or parties), in any of which events the reasonable fees and expenses of not more than one additional firm of attorneys selected by the Underwriter Indemnified Party (in addition to local counsel) shall be borne by the Company. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, if any Underwriter Indemnified Party shall assume the defense of such action as provided above, the Company shall have the right to approve the terms of any settlement of such action, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld. The Company shall not be liable for any settlement of any action effected without its consent (which shall not be unreasonably withheld). In addition, the Company shall not, without the prior written consent of the Underwriters (which shall not be unreasonably withheld), settle, compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment in or otherwise seek to terminate any pending or threatened action in respect of which advancement, reimbursement, indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder (whether or not such Underwriter Indemnified Party is a party thereto) unless such settlement, compromise, consent or termination: (i) includes an unconditional release of each Underwriter Indemnified Party, reasonably acceptable to such Underwriter Indemnified Party, from all liabilities, expenses and claims arising out of such action for which indemnification or contribution may be sought; and (ii) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act, by or on behalf of any Underwriter Indemnified Party.
5.2 Indemnification of the Company. Each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its directors, its officers who signed the Registration Statement and persons who control the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense described in the foregoing indemnity from the Company to the several Underwriters, as incurred, but only with respect to untrue statements or omissions, or alleged untrue statements or omissions made in the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or any Written Testing-the-Waters Communication or any amendment or supplement thereto or in any application, in reliance upon, and in strict conformity with, the Underwriters’ Information. In case any action shall be brought against the Company or any other person so indemnified based on any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto or any application, and in respect of which indemnity may be sought against any Underwriter, such Underwriter shall have the rights and duties given to the Company, and the Company and each other person so indemnified shall have the rights and duties given to the several Underwriters by the provisions of Section 5.1.2. The Company agrees promptly to notify the Representative of the commencement of any litigation or proceedings against the Company or any of its officers, directors or any person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, in connection with the issuance and sale of the Public Securities or in connection with the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Prospectus, or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or any Written Testing-the-Waters Communication, provided that failure by the Company to so notify the Representative shall not relieve any Underwriter from any obligation or liability which such Underwriter may have on account of this Section 5 or otherwise to the Company, except to the extent such Underwriter is materially prejudiced as a proximate result of such failure.
5.3 Contribution.
5.3.1. Contribution Rights. If the indemnification provided for in this Section 5 shall for any reason be unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party under Section 5.1 or 5.2 in respect of any loss, claim, damage or liability, or any action in respect thereof, referred to therein, then each indemnifying party shall, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified party, contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such loss, claim, damage or liability, or action in respect thereof: (i) in such proportion as shall be appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company, on the one hand, and the Underwriters, on the other, from the Offering of the Public Securities; or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) above is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and the Underwriters, on the other, with respect to the statements or omissions that resulted in such loss, claim, damage or liability, or action in respect thereof, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company, on the one hand, and the Underwriters, on the other, with respect to such Offering shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the Offering of the Public Securities purchased under this Agreement (before deducting expenses) received by the Company, as set forth in the table on the cover page of the Prospectus, on the one hand, and the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Underwriters with respect to the Public Securities purchased under this Agreement, as set forth in the table on the cover page of the Prospectus, on the other hand. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company or the Underwriters, the intent of the parties and their relative knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contributions pursuant to this Section 5.3.1 were to be determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation that does not take into account the equitable considerations referred to herein. The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the loss, claim, damage, expense, or liability, or action, investigation or proceeding, referred to above in this Section 5.3.1 shall be deemed to include, for purposes of this Section 5.3.1, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating, preparing to defend or defending against or appearing as a third party witness in respect of or otherwise incurred in connection with any such loss, claim, damage, expense, liability, action, investigation or proceeding. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 5.3.1 in no event shall an Underwriter be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by such Underwriter with respect to the Offering of the Public Securities exceeds the amount of any damages that such Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission, act or failure to act. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.
5.3.2. Contribution Procedure. Within 15 days after receipt by any party to this Agreement (or its representative) of notice of the commencement of any action, suit or proceeding, such party will, if a claim for contribution in respect thereof is to be made against another party (a “contributing party”), notify the contributing party of the commencement thereof, but the failure to so notify the contributing party will not relieve it from any liability which it may have to any other party other than for contribution hereunder. In case any such action, suit or proceeding is brought against any party, and such party notifies a contributing party or its representative of the commencement thereof within the aforesaid 15 days, the contributing party will be entitled to participate therein with the notifying party and any other contributing party similarly notified. Any such contributing party shall not be liable to any party seeking contribution on account of any settlement of any claim, action or proceeding affected by such party seeking contribution on account of any settlement of any claim, action or proceeding affected by such party seeking contribution without the written consent of such contributing party. The contribution provisions contained in this Section 5.3.2 are intended to supersede, to the extent permitted by law, any right to contribution under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or otherwise available. Each Underwriter’s obligations to contribute as provided in this Section 5.3.2 are several and not joint.
| 6. | Default by an Underwriter. |
6.1 Default Not Exceeding 10% of Firm Shares or Option Shares. If any Underwriter or Underwriters shall default in its or their obligations to purchase the Firm Shares or the Option Shares, if the Over-allotment Option is exercised hereunder, and if the number of the Firm Shares or Option Shares with respect to which such default relates does not exceed in the aggregate ten percent (10%) of the number of Firm Shares or Option Shares that all Underwriters have agreed to purchase hereunder, then such Firm Shares or Option Shares to which the default relates shall be purchased by the non-defaulting Underwriters in proportion to their respective commitments hereunder.
6.2 Default Exceeding 10% of Firm Shares or Option Shares. In the event that the default addressed in Section 6.1 relates to more than ten percent (10%) of the Firm Shares or Option Shares, you may in your discretion arrange for yourself or for another party or parties to purchase such Firm Shares or Option Shares to which such default relates on the terms contained herein. If, within one (1) Business Day after such default relating to more than ten percent (10%) of the Firm Shares or Option Shares, you do not arrange for the purchase of such Firm Shares or Option Shares, then the Company shall be entitled to a further period of one (1) Business Day within which to procure another party or parties reasonably satisfactory to you to purchase said Firm Shares or Option Shares on such terms. In the event that neither you nor the Company arrange for the purchase of the Firm Shares or Option Shares to which a default relates as provided in this Section 6, this Agreement will automatically be terminated by you or the Company without liability on the part of the Company (except as provided in Sections 3.10 and 5 hereof) or the several Underwriters (except as provided in Section 5 hereof); provided, however, that if such default occurs with respect to the Option Shares, this Agreement will not terminate as to the Firm Shares; and provided, further, that nothing herein shall relieve a defaulting Underwriter of its liability, if any, to the other Underwriters and to the Company for damages occasioned by its default hereunder.
6.3 Postponement of Closing Date. In the event that the Firm Shares or Option Shares to which the default relates are to be purchased by the non-defaulting Underwriters, or are to be purchased by another party or parties as aforesaid, you or the Company shall have the right to postpone the Closing Date or Option Closing Date for a reasonable period, but not in any event exceeding five (5) Business Days, in order to effect whatever changes may thereby be made necessary in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus or in any other documents and arrangements, and the Company agrees to file promptly any amendment to the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus that in the opinion of Representative Counsel may thereby be made necessary. The term “Underwriter” as used in this Agreement shall include any party substituted under this Section 6 with like effect as if it had originally been a party to this Agreement with respect to such Firm Shares or Option Shares (if any).
| 7. | Additional Covenants. |
7.1 Board Composition and Board Designations. The Company shall ensure that: (i) the qualifications of the persons serving as members of the Board of Directors and the overall composition of the Board of Directors comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, with the Exchange Act and with the listing rules of the Exchange or any other national securities exchange, as the case may be, in the event the Company seeks to have its Common Stock listed on another exchange or quoted on an automated quotation system; and (ii) if applicable, at least one (1) member of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert,” as such term is defined under Regulation S-K and the listing rules of the Exchange.
7.2 Tail Financing. Representative shall be entitled to 7% of the aggregate gross proceeds raised with respect to future financings consummated by the Company solely with investors (a) with whom the Company has had a conference call or a meeting arranged by Representative from October 21, 2025 to the Closing Date and (b) provided that the future financing is consummated within the twelve (12) month period following the earlier to occur of the expiration or termination of the engagement agreement with Representative, dated October 21, 2025, or the Closing Date.
7.3 Right of First Refusal. Provided that the Firm Shares are sold in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the Representative shall have a right of first refusal (the “Right of First Refusal”), for twelve (12) months following the earlier to occur of the expiration or termination of the engagement agreement with Representative, dated October 21, 2025, or the Closing Date (the “ROFR Period”), to act as lead or joint investment banker, lead or joint book-runner, lead or joint placement agent, and/or investment banker/advisor at the Representative’s sole and exclusive discretion, for any future public, private equity or debt offering (but excluding traditional secured or unsecured lending transactions from a banking institution), including an equity linked financing (each, a “Subject Transaction”), during such ROFR Period, of the Company, or any successor to or Subsidiary of the Company, on terms and conditions customary for the Representative for a Subject Transaction.
The Company shall notify the Representative of its intention to pursue a Subject Transaction, including the material terms thereof, by providing written notice thereof by email. If the Representative fails to exercise its Right of First Refusal with respect to a Subject Transaction within five (5) Business Days after such written notice, then the Representative shall have no further claim or right with respect to the Subject Transaction. The Representative may elect, in its sole and absolute discretion, not to exercise its Right of First Refusal with respect to a Subject Transaction; provided that any such election by the Representative shall not adversely affect the Representative’s Right of First Refusal with respect to any other Subject Transaction during the ROFR Period agreed to above. The terms and conditions of any such engagement shall be set forth in a separate agreement and may be subject to, among other things, satisfactory completion of due diligence by the Representative, market conditions, the absence of a material adverse change to the Company’s business, financial condition, approval of the Representative’s internal committees and any other conditions that the Representative may deem appropriate for a transaction of such nature.
| 8. | Effective Date of this Agreement and Termination Thereof. |
8.1 Effective Date. This Agreement shall become effective when both the Company and the Representative have executed the same and delivered counterparts of such signatures to the other party.
8.2 Termination. The Representative shall have the right to terminate this Agreement at any time prior to any Closing Date if: (i) any domestic or international event or act or occurrence has materially disrupted, or in your reasonable judgement will in the immediate future materially disrupt, general securities markets in the United States; (ii) trading on the New York Stock Exchange or the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC shall have been suspended or materially limited, or minimum or maximum prices for trading shall have been fixed, or maximum ranges for prices for securities shall have been required by FINRA or by order of the Commission or any other government authority having jurisdiction; (iii) the United States shall have become involved in a new war or an increase in major hostilities; (iv) a banking moratorium has been declared by a New York State or federal authority; (v) a moratorium on foreign exchange trading has been declared which materially adversely impacts the United States securities markets; (vi) the Company shall have sustained a material loss by fire, flood, accident, hurricane, earthquake, theft, sabotage or other calamity or malicious act which, whether or not such loss shall have been insured, will, in your reasonable judgement, make it inadvisable to proceed with the delivery of the Firm Shares or Option Shares; (vii) the Company is in material breach of any of its representations, warranties or covenants hereunder; or (viii) the Representative shall have become aware after the date hereof of a Material Adverse Change or an adverse material change in the securities market that has materially disrupted the securities market, or there shall be such a material adverse change in general financial, political or economic conditions or the effect of international conditions on the financial markets in the United States is such as to make it, in the reasonable judgment of the Representative, impracticable to proceed with the offering, sale and/or delivery of the Public Securities or to enforce contracts made by the Underwriters for the sale of the Public Securities.
8.3 Expenses. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, except in the case of a default by the Underwriters, pursuant to Section 6.2 above, in the event that this Agreement shall be terminated for any reason whatsoever, within the time specified herein or any extensions thereof pursuant to the terms herein, the Company shall be obligated to pay to the Underwriters their actual and accountable out-of-pocket and documented Accountable Out-of-Pocket Expenses related to the transactions contemplated under Section 3.10.1 herein then due and payable (including the reasonable and documented fees and disbursements of Representative Counsel) up to $175,000, less the Advance of $57,500 already paid to the Representative. Upon demand, the Company shall pay the full amount thereof to the Representative on behalf of the Underwriters; provided, however, that such expense cap in no way limits or impairs the indemnification and contribution provisions of this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any advance received by the Representative will be promptly returned to the Company to the extent not actually incurred in compliance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(4)(A). For the avoidance of any doubt, if this Agreement is terminated pursuant to Section 6 hereof, the Company shall have no obligation to reimburse a defaulting Underwriter for any Accountable Out-of-Pocket Expenses (including the fees and expenses of its counsel) incurred by such defaulting Underwriter in connection with this Agreement and the offering contemplated hereby.
8.4 Survival of Indemnification. Notwithstanding any contrary provision contained in this Agreement, any election hereunder or any termination of this Agreement, and whether or not this Agreement is otherwise carried out, the provisions of Section 5 shall remain in full force and effect and shall not be in any way affected by, such election or termination or failure to carry out the terms of this Agreement or any part hereof.
8.5 Representations, Warranties, Agreements to Survive. All representations, warranties and agreements contained in this Agreement or in certificates of officers of the Company submitted pursuant hereto, shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of: (i) any investigation made by or on behalf of any Underwriter or its Affiliates or selling agents, any person controlling any Underwriter, its officers or directors or any person controlling the Company; or (ii) delivery of and payment for the Public Securities.
| 9. | Miscellaneous. |
9.1 Notices. All communications hereunder, except as herein otherwise specifically provided, shall be in writing and shall be mailed (registered or certified mail, return receipt requested), personally delivered or sent by electronic transmission and confirmed and shall be deemed given when so delivered or emailed and confirmed (which may be by email) or if mailed, two (2) days after such mailing.
If to the Representative:
The Benchmark Company, LLC
150 East 58th Street, 17th Floor
New
York, NY 10155
Attn: John J. Borer III
Email: [***]
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Lucosky Brookman LLP
101 Wood Avenue South, 5th Floor
Woodbridge, NJ 08830
Attn: Joseph M. Lucosky, Esq.
Email: jlucosky@lucbro.com
If to the Company:
VIDA
Global Inc.
12160 W Parmer Ln, Suite 130-716
Cedar Park, TX 78613
Attn: Lyle Pratt
Email: [***]
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Lowenstein
Sandler LLP
1251 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10020
| Attn: | Ethan Silver |
Daniel Forman
| Email: | ESilver@lowenstein.com |
DForman@lowenstein.com
9.2 Headings. The headings contained herein are for the sole purpose of convenience of reference, and shall not in any way limit or affect the meaning or interpretation of any of the terms or provisions of this Agreement.
9.3 Amendment. This Agreement may only be amended by a written instrument executed by each of the parties hereto.
9.4 Entire Agreement. This Agreement (together with the other agreements and documents being delivered pursuant to or in connection with this Agreement) constitutes the entire agreement of the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof, and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings of the parties, oral and written, with respect to the subject matter hereof.
9.5 Binding Effect. This Agreement shall inure solely to the benefit of and shall be binding upon the Representative, the Underwriters, the Company and the controlling persons, directors and officers referred to in Section 5 hereof, and their respective successors, legal representatives, heirs and assigns, and no other person shall have or be construed to have any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of or by virtue of this Agreement or any provisions herein contained. The term “successors and assigns” shall not include a purchaser, in its capacity as such, of securities from any of the Underwriters.
9.6 Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Trial by Jury. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to conflict of laws principles thereof. The Company hereby agrees that any action, proceeding or claim against it arising out of, or relating in any way to this Agreement shall be brought and enforced in the New York Supreme Court, County of New York, or in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, and irrevocably submits to such jurisdiction, which jurisdiction shall be exclusive. The Company hereby waives any objection to such exclusive jurisdiction and that such courts represent an inconvenient forum. Any such process or summons to be served upon the Company may be served by transmitting a copy thereof by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed to it at the address set forth in Section 9.1 hereof. Such mailing shall be deemed personal service and shall be legal and binding upon the Company in any action, proceeding or claim. The Company agrees that the prevailing party(ies) in any such action shall be entitled to recover from the other party(ies) all of its reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses relating to such action or proceeding and/or incurred in connection with the preparation therefor. The Company (on its behalf and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, on behalf of its stockholders and affiliates) and each of the Underwriters hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any and all right to trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby. =
9.7 Execution in Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, and by the different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement, and shall become effective when one or more counterparts has been signed by each of the parties hereto and delivered to each of the other parties hereto. Delivery of a signed counterpart of this Agreement by facsimile or email/pdf transmission shall constitute valid and sufficient delivery thereof.
9.8 Waiver, etc. The failure of any of the parties hereto to at any time enforce any of the provisions of this Agreement shall not be deemed or construed to be a waiver of any such provision, nor to in any way affect the validity of this Agreement or any provision hereof or the right of any of the parties hereto to thereafter enforce each and every provision of this Agreement. No waiver of any breach, non-compliance or non-fulfillment of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be effective unless set forth in a written instrument executed by the party or parties against whom or which enforcement of such waiver is sought; and no waiver of any such breach, non-compliance or non-fulfillment shall be construed or deemed to be a waiver of any other or subsequent breach, non-compliance or non-fulfillment.
[Signature Page Follows]
If the foregoing correctly sets forth the understanding between the Underwriters and the Company, please so indicate in the space provided below for that purpose, whereupon this letter shall constitute a binding agreement between us.
| Very truly yours, | ||
| VIDA GLOBAL INC. | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | Lyle Pratt | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
Confirmed as of the date first written above mentioned, on behalf of itself and as Representative of the several Underwriters named on Schedule 1 hereto: |
||
| THE BENCHMARK COMPANY, LLC | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | John J. Borer III | |
| Title: | Senior Managing Director | |
SCHEDULE
1
| Underwriters | Total Number of Firm Shares to be Purchased |
Number of Option Shares to be Purchased if the Over- Allotment Option is Fully Exercised | ||
| The Benchmark Company, LLC | [●] | [●] | ||
| TOTAL | [●] | [●] |
SCHEDULE
2-A
Pricing Information
Number of Firm Shares: [_____]
Number of Option Shares: [_____]
Public Offering Price per Firm Share: $[_____]
Public Offering Price per Option Share: $[_____]
Underwriting Discount per Firm Share: $[_____]
Underwriting Discount per Option Share: $[_____]
Proceeds to Company per Firm Share (before expenses): $[_____]
Proceeds to Company per Option Share (before expenses): $[_____]
SCHEDULE 2-B
Written Testing-the-Waters Communications
(See attached)
SCHEDULE 3
List of Lock-Up Parties
EXHIBIT A
Form of Representative’s Warrant
(See attached)
EXHIBIT B
Form of Lock-Up Agreement
(See attached)
EXHIBIT C
Form of Press Release
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
[Date]
VIDA Global Inc. (the “Company”) announced today that The Benchmark Company, LLC, acting as representative for the underwriters in the Company’s recent public offering of _______ shares of common stock of the Company, is [waiving] [releasing] a lock-up restriction with respect to _________ shares of common stock of the Company held by [certain officers or directors] [an officer or director] of the Company. The [waiver] [release] will take effect on _________, 20___, and the shares of common stock may be sold on or after such date.
This press release is not an offer or sale of the securities in the United States or in any other jurisdiction where such offer or sale is prohibited, and such securities may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an exemption from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Exhibit 3.1
AMENDED AND RESTATED
CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
OF
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
(Pursuant to Sections 242 and 245 of the
General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware)
VIDA Global Inc., a corporation organized and existing under and by virtue of the provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “General Corporation Law”),
DOES HEREBY CERTIFY:
1. That the name of this corporation is VIDA Global Inc., and that this corporation was originally incorporated pursuant to the General Corporation Law on March 11, 2022.
2. That the Board of Directors duly adopted resolutions proposing to amend and restate the Certificate of Incorporation of this corporation, declaring said amendment and restatement to be advisable and in the best interests of this corporation and its stockholders, and authorizing the appropriate officers of this corporation to solicit the consent of the stockholders therefor, which resolution setting forth the proposed amendment and restatement is as follows:
RESOLVED, that the Certificate of Incorporation of this corporation be amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:
FIRST: The name of this corporation is VIDA Global Inc. (the “Corporation”).
SECOND: The address of the registered office of the Corporation in the State of Delaware is 108 Lakeland Avenue, in the City of Dover, County of Kent. The name of its registered agent at such address is Capitol Services, Inc.
THIRD: The nature of the business or purposes to be conducted or promoted is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law.
FOURTH: The total number of shares of all classes of stock which the Corporation shall have authority to issue is (i) 1,210,312 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share (“Common Stock”) and (ii) 315,669 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share (“Preferred Stock”).
| 1 |
The following is a statement of the designations and the powers, privileges and rights, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof in respect of each class of capital stock of the Corporation.
| A. | COMMON STOCK |
1. General. The voting, dividend and liquidation rights of the holders of the Common Stock are subject to and qualified by the rights, powers and preferences of the holders of the Preferred Stock set forth herein.
2. Voting. The holders of the Common Stock are entitled to one (1) vote for each share of Common Stock held at all meetings of stockholders (and written actions in lieu of meetings); provided, however, that, except as otherwise required by law, holders of Common Stock, as such, shall not be entitled to vote on any amendment to this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation that relates solely to the terms of one (1) or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock if the holders of such affected series are entitled, either separately or together with the holders of one (1) or more other such series, to vote thereon pursuant to this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or pursuant to the General Corporation Law. There shall be no cumulative voting. The number of authorized shares of Common Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by (in addition to any vote of the holders of one (1) or more series of Preferred Stock that may be required by the terms of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation) the affirmative vote of the holders of shares of capital stock of the Corporation representing a majority of the votes represented by all outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote, irrespective of the provisions of Section 242(b)(2) of the General Corporation Law.
| B. | PREFERRED STOCK |
258,150 shares of the authorized and unissued Preferred Stock of the Corporation are hereby designated “Series Seed-1 Preferred Stock.” 57,519 shares of the authorized and unissued Preferred Stock of the Corporation are hereby designated “Series Seed-2 Preferred Stock.” The Series Seed-1 Preferred Stock and the Series Seed-2 Preferred Stock may be collectively referred to herein as the “Series Seed Preferred Stock.” References to “Preferred Stock” means the Series Seed Preferred Stock. Each class or series of Preferred Stock shall have the following rights, preferences, powers, privileges and restrictions, qualifications and limitations. Unless otherwise indicated, references to “Sections” or “Subsections” in this Part B of this Article Fourth refer to sections and subsections of Part B of this Article Fourth.
1. Dividends.
The holders of then outstanding shares of Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive, only when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors, out of any funds and assets legally available therefor, dividends at the rate of 8% of the applicable Original Issue Price (as defined below) for each share of Preferred Stock, prior and in preference to any declaration or payment of any other dividend (other than dividends on shares of Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock). The right to receive dividends on shares of Preferred Stock pursuant to the preceding sentence of this Section 1 shall not be cumulative, and no right to dividends shall accrue to holders of Preferred Stock by reason of the fact that dividends on said shares are not declared. The Corporation shall not declare, pay or set aside any dividends on shares of any other class or series of capital stock of the Corporation (other than dividends on shares of Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock) unless (in addition to the obtaining of any consents required elsewhere in this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation) the holders of the Preferred Stock then outstanding shall first receive, or simultaneously receive, in addition to the dividends payable pursuant to the first sentence of this Section 1, a dividend on each outstanding share of Preferred Stock in an amount at least equal to (i) in the case of a dividend on Common Stock or any class or series that is convertible into Common Stock, that dividend per share of Preferred Stock as would equal the product of (A) the dividend payable on each share of such class or series determined, if applicable, as if all shares of such class or series had been converted into Common Stock and (B) the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of a share of such series of Preferred Stock, in each case calculated on the record date for determination of holders entitled to receive such dividend or (ii) in the case of a dividend on any class or series that is not convertible into Common Stock, at a rate per share of such applicable Preferred Stock determined by (A) dividing the amount of the dividend payable on each share of such class or series of capital stock by the original issuance price of such class or series of capital stock (subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of any stock dividend, stock split, combination or other similar recapitalization with respect to such class or series) and (B) multiplying such fraction by an amount equal to the applicable Original Issue Price (as defined below); provided that, if the Corporation declares, pays or sets aside, on the same date, a dividend on shares of more than one (1) class or series of capital stock of the Corporation, the dividend payable to the holders of Preferred Stock pursuant to this Section l shall be calculated based upon the dividend on the class or series of capital stock that would result in the highest Preferred Stock dividend. The “Original Issue Price” shall mean, collectively, (i) with respect to the Series Seed-1 Preferred Stock, $12.5174 per share (the “Series Seed-1 Original Issue Price”), and (ii) with respect to the Series Seed-2 Preferred Stock, $10.4312 per share (the “Series Seed-2 Original Issue Price”), each subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of any stock dividend, stock split, combination or other similar recapitalization with respect to the applicable Preferred Stock.
| 2 |
2. Liquidation, Dissolution or Winding Up: Certain Mergers, Consolidations and Asset Sales.
2.1 Preferential Payments to Holders of Preferred Stock. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, the holders of shares of Preferred Stock then outstanding shall be entitled to be paid out of the assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its stockholders, and in the event of a Deemed Liquidation Event (as defined below), the holders of shares of Preferred Stock then outstanding shall be entitled to be paid out of the consideration payable to stockholders in such Deemed Liquidation Event or out of the Available Proceeds (as defined below), as applicable, before any payment shall be made to the holders of Common Stock by reason of their ownership thereof, an amount per share equal to the greater of (i) one (1) times the applicable Original Issue Price, plus any dividends declared but unpaid thereon, if any, or (ii) with respect to each series of Preferred Stock, such amount per share as would have been payable had all shares of such series of Preferred Stock been converted into Common Stock pursuant to Section 4 immediately prior to such liquidation, dissolution, winding up or Deemed Liquidation Event (the amount payable pursuant to this sentence is hereinafter referred to as the “Liquidation Amount”). If upon any such liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation or Deemed Liquidation Event, the assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its stockholders shall be insufficient to pay the holders of shares of Preferred Stock the full amount to which they shall be entitled under this Section 2.1, the holders of shares of Preferred Stock shall share ratably in any distribution of the assets available for distribution in proportion to the respective amounts which would otherwise be payable in respect of the shares held by them upon such distribution if all amounts payable on or with respect to such shares were paid in full.
2.2 Payments to Holders of Common Stock. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, after the payment in full of all Liquidation Amounts required to be paid to the holders of shares of Preferred Stock, the remaining assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its stockholders or, in the case of a Deemed Liquidation Event, the consideration not payable to the holders of shares of Preferred Stock pursuant to Section 2.1 or the remaining Available Proceeds, as the case may be, shall be distributed among the holders of shares of Common Stock, pro rata based on the number of shares of Common Stock held by each such holder.
2.3 Deemed Liquidation Events.
2.3.1 Definition. Each of the following events shall be considered a “Deemed Liquidation Event” unless the holders of at least sixty-three percent (63%) of the outstanding shares of Series Seed-1 Preferred Stock (the “Requisite Holders”) elect otherwise by written notice sent to the Corporation at least five (5) days prior to the effective date of any such event:
(a) a merger or consolidation in which
| (i) | the Corporation is a constituent party or |
| (ii) | a subsidiary of the Corporation is a constituent party and the Corporation issues shares of its capital stock pursuant to such merger or consolidation, |
except any such merger or consolidation involving the Corporation or a subsidiary in which the shares of capital stock of the Corporation outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation continue to represent, or are converted into or exchanged for shares of capital stock that represent, immediately following such merger or consolidation, at least a majority, by voting power, of the capital stock of (1) the surviving or resulting corporation; or (2) if the surviving or resulting corporation is a wholly owned subsidiary of another corporation immediately following such merger or consolidation, the parent corporation of such surviving or resulting corporation; or
(b) (1) the sale, lease, transfer, exclusive license or other disposition, in a single transaction or series of related transactions, by the Corporation or any subsidiary of the Corporation of all or substantially all the assets of the Corporation and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, or (2) the sale or disposition (whether by merger, consolidation or otherwise, and whether in a single transaction or a series of related transactions) of one (1) or more subsidiaries of the Corporation if substantially all of the assets of the Corporation and its subsidiaries taken as a whole are held by such subsidiary or subsidiaries, except where such sale, lease, transfer, exclusive license or other disposition is to a wholly owned subsidiary of the Corporation.
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2.3.2 Effecting a Deemed Liquidation Event.
(a) The Corporation shall not have the power to effect a Deemed Liquidation Event referred to in Section 2.3.l(a)(i) unless the agreement or plan of merger or consolidation for such transaction (the “Merger Agreement”) provides that the consideration payable to the stockholders of the Corporation in such Deemed Liquidation Event shall be allocated to the holders of capital stock of the Corporation in accordance with Sections 2.1 and 2.2.
(b) In the event of a Deemed Liquidation Event referred to in Section 2.3.l(a)(ii) or 2.3.l(b), if the Corporation does not effect a dissolution of the Corporation under the General Corporation Law within ninety (90) days after such Deemed Liquidation Event, then (i) the Corporation shall send a written notice to each holder of Preferred Stock no later than the ninetieth (90th) day after the Deemed Liquidation Event advising such holders of their right (and the requirements to be met to secure such right) pursuant to the terms of the following clause (ii) to require the redemption of such shares of Preferred Stock, and (ii) if the Requisite Holders so request in a written instrument delivered to the Corporation not later than one hundred twenty (120) days after such Deemed Liquidation Event, the Corporation shall use the consideration received by the Corporation for such Deemed Liquidation Event (net of any retained liabilities associated with the assets sold or technology licensed, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Corporation), together with any other assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its stockholders, all to the extent permitted by Delaware law governing distributions to stockholders (the “Available Proceeds”), on the one hundred fiftieth (150th) day after such Deemed Liquidation Event, to redeem all outstanding shares of Preferred Stock at a price per share equal to the applicable Liquidation Amount. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event of a redemption pursuant to the preceding sentence, if the Available Proceeds are not sufficient to redeem all outstanding shares of Preferred Stock, the Corporation shall redeem a pro rata portion of each holder’s shares of Preferred Stock to the fullest extent of such Available Proceeds, based on the respective amounts which would otherwise be payable in respect of the shares to be redeemed if the Available Proceeds were sufficient to redeem all such shares, and shall redeem the remaining shares as soon as it may lawfully do so under Delaware law governing distributions to stockholders. In the event the Requisite Holders have so requested in writing in accordance with clause (ii) above, the Corporation shall send written notice of such redemption (the “Redemption Notice”) to each holder of record of Preferred Stock not less than ten (10) days prior to the Redemption Date. The Redemption Notice shall state: (a) the date on which the redemption shall occur (the “Redemption Date”); (b) the date upon which the holder’s right to convert shares of Preferred Stock terminates (as determined in accordance with Subsection 4.1.2); and (c) that the holder is to surrender to the Corporation, in the manner and at the place designated, his, her or its certificate or certificates representing the shares of Preferred Stock held by him, her or it. On or before the Redemption Date, each holder of shares of Preferred Stock shall surrender the certificate or certificates representing such shares (or, if such registered holder alleges that such certificate has been lost, stolen or destroyed, a lost certificate affidavit and agreement reasonably acceptable to the Corporation to indemnify the Corporation against any claim that may be made against the Corporation on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of such certificate) to the Corporation, in the manner and at the place designated in the Redemption Notice, and thereupon the applicable Liquidation Amount for such shares shall be payable to the order of the person whose name appears on such certificate or certificates as the owner thereof. If the Redemption Notice shall have been duly given, and if on the Redemption Date the applicable Liquidation Amount payable upon redemption of the shares of Preferred Stock is paid or tendered for payment or deposited with an independent payment agent so as to be available therefor in a timely manner, then notwithstanding that the certificates evidencing any of the shares of Preferred Stock so called for redemption shall not have been surrendered, all rights with respect to such shares shall forthwith after the Redemption Date terminate, except only the right of the holders to receive the applicable Liquidation Amount without interest upon surrender of their certificate or certificates therefor. Prior to the distribution or redemption provided for in this Subsection 2.3.2(b), the Corporation shall not expend or dissipate the consideration received for such Deemed Liquidation Event, except to discharge expenses incurred in connection with such Deemed Liquidation Event or in the ordinary course of business.
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2.3.3 Amount Deemed Paid or Distributed. The amount deemed paid or distributed to the holders of capital stock of the Corporation upon any such merger, consolidation, sale, transfer, exclusive license, other disposition or redemption shall be the cash or the value of the property, rights or securities to be paid or distributed to such holders pursuant to such Deemed Liquidation Event. The value of such property, rights or securities shall be determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Corporation, including the approval of the Preferred Director (as defined herein).
2.3.4 Allocation of Escrow and Contingent Consideration. In the event of a Deemed Liquidation Event pursuant to Section 2.3.l(a)(i), if any portion of the consideration payable to the stockholders of the Corporation is payable only upon satisfaction of contingencies (the “Additional Consideration”), the Merger Agreement or applicable agreement shall provide that (a) the portion of such consideration that is not Additional Consideration (such portion, the “Initial Consideration”) shall be allocated among the holders of capital stock of the Corporation in accordance with Sections 2.1 and 2.2 as if the Initial Consideration were the only consideration payable in connection with such Deemed Liquidation Event; and (b) any Additional Consideration which becomes payable to the stockholders of the Corporation upon satisfaction of such contingencies shall be allocated among the holders of capital stock of the Corporation in accordance with Sections 2.1 and 2.2 after taking into account the previous payment of the Initial Consideration as part of the same transaction. For the purposes of this Section 2.3.4, consideration placed into escrow or retained as a holdback to be available for satisfaction of indemnification or similar obligations in connection with such Deemed Liquidation Event shall be deemed to be Additional Consideration.
3. Voting.
3.1 General. On any matter presented to the stockholders of the Corporation for their action or consideration at any meeting of stockholders of the Corporation (or by written consent of stockholders in lieu of meeting), each holder of outstanding shares of Preferred Stock shall be entitled to cast the number of votes equal to the number of whole shares of Common Stock into which the shares of Preferred Stock held by such holder are convertible as of the record date for determining stockholders entitled to vote on such matter. Except as provided by law or by the other provisions of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, holders of Preferred Stock shall vote together with the holders of Common Stock as a single class and on an as- converted to Common Stock basis.
3.2 Election of Directors. The holders of record of the shares of Series Seed-1 Preferred Stock, exclusively and as a separate class, shall be entitled to elect one (1) director of the Corporation (the “Preferred Director”) and the holders of record of the shares of Common Stock, exclusively and as a separate class, shall be entitled to elect two (2) directors of the Corporation; provided, however, for administrative convenience, the initial Preferred Director may also be appointed by the Board of Directors in connection with the approval of the initial issuance of Series Seed-1 Preferred Stock without a separate action by the holders of Preferred Stock. Any director elected as provided in the preceding sentence may be removed without cause by, and only by, the affirmative vote of the holders of the shares of the class or series of capital stock entitled to elect such director or directors, given either at a special meeting of such stockholders duly called for that purpose or pursuant to a written consent of stockholders. If the holders of shares of Preferred Stock or Common Stock, as the case may be, fail to elect a sufficient number of directors to fill all directorships for which they are entitled to elect directors, voting exclusively and as a separate class, pursuant to the first sentence of this Section 3.2, then any directorship not so filled shall remain vacant until such time as the holders of the Preferred Stock or Common Stock, as the case may be, elect a person to fill such directorship by vote or written consent in lieu of a meeting; and no such directorship may be filled by stockholders of the Corporation other than by the stockholders of the Corporation that are entitled to elect a person to fill such directorship, voting exclusively and as a separate class. The holders of record of the shares of Common Stock and of any other class or series of voting stock (including the Preferred Stock), exclusively and voting together as a single class, shall be entitled to elect the balance of the total number of directors of the Corporation. At any meeting held for the purpose of electing a director, the presence in person or by proxy of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of the class or series entitled to elect such director shall constitute a quorum for the purpose of electing such director. Except as otherwise provided in this Section 3.2, a vacancy in any directorship filled by the holders of any class or classes or series shall be filled only by vote or written consent in lieu of a meeting of the holders of such class or classes or series or by any remaining director or directors elected by the holders of such class or classes or series pursuant to this Section 3.2.
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3.3 Preferred Stock Protective Provisions. At any time when shares of Preferred Stock are outstanding, the Corporation shall not, either directly or indirectly by amendment, merger, consolidation, recapitalization, reclassification, or otherwise, do any of the following without (in addition to any other vote required by law or this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation) the written consent or affirmative vote of the Requisite Holders given in writing or by vote at a meeting, consenting or voting (as the case may be) separately as a class, and any such act or transaction entered into without such consent or vote shall be null and void ab initio, and of no force or effect.
3.3.1 liquidate, dissolve or wind-up the business and affairs of the Corporation, effect any merger or consolidation or any other Deemed Liquidation Event, or consent to any of the foregoing;
3.3.2 amend, alter or repeal any provision of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws of the Corporation in a manner that adversely affects the powers, preferences or rights of the Preferred Stock (or any series thereof);
3.3.3 (i) create, or authorize the creation of, or issue or obligate itself to issue shares of, or reclassify, any capital stock unless the same ranks junior to the Preferred Stock with respect to its rights, preferences and privileges, or (ii) increase or decrease the authorized number of shares of Preferred Stock or Common Stock or any additional class or series of capital stock of the Corporation;
3.3.4 cause or permit any of its subsidiaries to, without approval of the Board of Directors, including the Preferred Director, sell, issue, sponsor, create or distribute any digital tokens, cryptocurrency or other blockchain-based assets (collectively, “Tokens”), including through a pre-sale, initial coin offering, token distribution event or crowdfunding, or through the issuance of any instrument convertible into or exchangeable for Tokens;
3.3.5 purchase or redeem (or permit any subsidiary to purchase or redeem) or pay or declare any dividend or make any distribution on, any shares of capital stock of the Corporation other than (i) redemptions of or dividends or distributions on the Preferred Stock as expressly authorized herein, (ii) dividends or other distributions payable on the Common Stock solely in the form of additional shares of Common Stock and (iii) repurchases of stock from former employees, officers, directors, consultants or other persons who performed services for the Corporation or any subsidiary in connection with the cessation of such employment or service at no greater than the original purchase price thereof;
3.3.6 create, adopt, amend, terminate or repeal any equity (or equity-linked, including, for the avoidance of doubt, phantom equity) compensation plan or amend or waive any of the terms of any option or other grant pursuant to any such plan or otherwise issue or grant any equity (or equity-linked, including, for the avoidance of doubt, phantom equity) rights, arrangements or agreements outside of such plans created in accordance with this Section 3.3.6 or otherwise approved by the Board of Directors, including the approval of the Preferred Director;
3.3.7 create, or authorize the creation of, or issue, or authorize the issuance of any debt security or create any lien or security interest (except for purchase money liens or statutory liens of landlords, mechanics, materialmen, workmen, warehousemen and other similar persons arising or incurred in the ordinary course of business) or incur other indebtedness for borrowed money, including but not limited to obligations and contingent obligations under guarantees, or permit any subsidiary to take any such action with respect to any debt security lien, security interest or other indebtedness for borrowed money, if the aggregate indebtedness of the Corporation and its subsidiaries for borrowed money following such action would exceed two hundred fifty thousand dollars ($250,000.00);
3.3.8 enter into or be a party to any transaction with any director, officer, or employee of the Corporation or any “associate” (as defined in Rule 12b-2 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) of any such person, except for transactions made in the ordinary course of business and pursuant to reasonable requirements of the Corporation’s business and upon fair and reasonable terms that are approved by the Board of Directors, including the approval of the Preferred Director; or
3.3.9 increase or decrease the authorized number of directors constituting the Board of Directors, change the number of votes entitled to be cast by any director or directors on any matter, or adopt any provision inconsistent with Article Sixth.
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4. Optional Conversion. The holders of the Preferred Stock shall have conversion rights as follows (the “Conversion Rights”):
4.1 Right to Convert.
4.1.1 Conversion Ratio. Each share of Preferred Stock shall be convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at any time and from time to time, and without the payment of additional consideration by the holder thereof, into such number of fully paid and non-assessable shares of Common Stock as is determined by dividing the applicable Original Issue Price by the applicable Conversion Price (as defined below) in effect at the time of conversion. The “Conversion Price” applicable to the (i) Series Seed-1 Preferred Stock shall initially be equal to $12.5174 per share, and (ii) to the Series Seed-2 Preferred Stock shall initially be equal to $10.4312 per share. Such initial applicable Conversion Price, and the rate at which shares of each series of Preferred Stock may be converted into shares of Common Stock, shall be subject to adjustment as provided below.
4.1.2 Termination of Conversion Rights. In the event of a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation or a Deemed Liquidation Event, the Conversion Rights shall terminate at the close of business on the last full day preceding the date fixed for the payment of any such amounts distributable on such event to the holders of Preferred Stock; provided that the foregoing termination of Conversion Rights shall not affect the amount(s) otherwise paid or payable in accordance with Section 2.1 to holders of Preferred Stock pursuant to such liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation or a Deemed Liquidation Event.
4.2 Fractional Shares. No fractional shares of Common Stock shall be issued upon conversion of the Preferred Stock. In lieu of any fractional shares to which the holder would otherwise be entitled, the number of shares of Common Stock to be issued upon conversion of the Preferred Stock shall be rounded to the nearest whole share.
4.3 Mechanics of Conversion.
4.3.1 Notice of Conversion. In order for a holder of Preferred Stock to voluntarily convert shares of Preferred Stock into shares of Common Stock, such holder shall (a) provide written notice to the Corporation’s transfer agent at the office of the transfer agent for the Preferred Stock (or at the principal office of the Corporation if the Corporation serves as its own transfer agent) that such holder elects to convert all or any number of such holder’s shares of Preferred Stock and, if applicable, any event on which such conversion is contingent and (b), if such holder’s shares are certificated, surrender the certificate or certificates for such shares of Preferred Stock (or, if such registered holder alleges that such certificate has been lost, stolen or destroyed, a lost certificate affidavit and agreement reasonably acceptable to the Corporation to indemnify the Corporation against any claim that may be made against the Corporation on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of such certificate), at the office of the transfer agent for the Preferred Stock (or at the principal office of the Corporation if the Corporation serves as its own transfer agent). Such notice shall state such holder’s name or the names of the nominees in which such holder wishes the shares of Common Stock to be issued. If required by the Corporation, any certificates surrendered for conversion shall be endorsed or accompanied by a written instrument or instruments of transfer, in form satisfactory to the Corporation, duly executed by the registered holder or his, her or its attorney duly authorized in writing. The close of business on the date of receipt by the transfer agent (or by the Corporation if the Corporation serves as its own transfer agent) of such notice and, if applicable, certificates (or lost certificate affidavit and agreement) shall be the time of conversion (the “Conversion Time”), and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the specified shares shall be deemed to be outstanding of record as of such date. The Corporation shall, as soon as practicable after the Conversion Time (i) issue and deliver to such holder of Preferred Stock, or to his, her or its nominees, a certificate or certificates for the number of full shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion in accordance with the provisions hereof and a certificate for the number (if any) of the shares of Preferred Stock represented by the surrendered certificate that were not converted into Common Stock, and (ii) pay all declared but unpaid dividends on the shares of Preferred Stock converted.
4.3.2 Reservation of Shares. The Corporation shall at all times when the Preferred Stock shall be outstanding, reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued capital stock, for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the Preferred Stock, such number of its duly authorized shares of Common Stock as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding Preferred Stock; and if at any time the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock shall not be sufficient to effect the conversion of all then outstanding shares of the Preferred Stock, the Corporation shall take such corporate action as may be necessary to increase its authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock to such number of shares as shall be sufficient for such purposes, including, without limitation, engaging in best efforts to obtain the requisite stockholder approval of any necessary amendment to this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. Before taking any action which would cause an adjustment reducing the applicable Conversion Price below the then par value of the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Preferred Stock, the Corporation will take any corporate action which may, in the opinion of its counsel, be necessary in order that the Corporation may validly and legally issue fully paid and non-assessable shares of Common Stock at such adjusted applicable Conversion Price.
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4.3.3 Effect of Conversion. All shares of Preferred Stock which shall have been surrendered for conversion as herein provided shall no longer be deemed to be outstanding and all rights with respect to such shares shall immediately cease and terminate at the Conversion Time, except only the right of the holders thereof to receive shares of Common Stock in exchange therefor and to receive payment of any dividends declared but unpaid thereon. Any shares of Preferred Stock so converted shall be retired and cancelled and may not be reissued as shares of such series, and the Corporation may thereafter take such appropriate action (without the need for stockholder action) as may be necessary to reduce the authorized number of shares of Preferred Stock, or any series thereof, accordingly.
4.3.4 No Further Adjustment. Upon any such conversion, no adjustment to the applicable Conversion Price shall be made for any declared but unpaid dividends on the Preferred Stock surrendered for conversion or on the Common Stock delivered upon conversion.
4.3.5 Taxes. The Corporation shall pay any and all issue and other similar taxes that may be payable in respect of any issuance or delivery of shares of Common Stock upon conversion of shares of Preferred Stock pursuant to this Section 4. The Corporation shall not, however, be required to pay any tax which may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the issuance and delivery of shares of Common Stock in a name other than that in which the shares of Preferred Stock so converted were registered, and no such issuance or delivery shall be made unless and until the person or entity requesting such issuance has paid to the Corporation the amount of any such tax or has established, to the satisfaction of the Corporation, that such tax has been paid.
4.4 Adjustments to Conversion Price for Diluting Issues.
4.4.1 Special Definitions. For purposes of this Article Fourth, the following definitions shall apply:
(a) “Additional Shares of Common Stock” shall mean all shares of Common Stock issued (or, pursuant to Section 4.4.3 below, deemed to be issued) by the Corporation after the date the first share of Series Seed-1 Preferred Stock was issued (the “Original Issue Date”), other than (1) the following shares of Common Stock and (2) shares of Common Stock deemed issued pursuant to the following Options and Convertible Securities (clauses (1) and (2), collectively, “Exempted Securities”):
| (i) | as to any series of Preferred Stock, shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities issued as a dividend or distribution on such series of Preferred Stock; |
| (ii) | shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities issued by reason of a dividend, stock split, split-up or other distribution on shares of Common Stock that is covered by Section 4.5, 4.6, 4.7 or 4.8; |
| (iii) | shares of Common Stock or Options issued to employees or directors of, or consultants or advisors to, the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries pursuant to a plan, agreement or arrangement approved by the Board of Directors of the Corporation, including the Preferred Director; |
| (iv) | shares of Common Stock or Convertible Securities actually issued upon the exercise of Options or shares of Common Stock actually issued upon the conversion or exchange of Convertible Securities, in each case provided such issuance is pursuant to the terms of such Option or Convertible Security; |
| (v) | shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities issued to banks, equipment lessors or other financial institutions, or to real property lessors, pursuant to a debt financing, equipment leasing or real property leasing transaction approved by the Board of Directors of the Corporation, including the Preferred Director; |
| (vi) | shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities issued to suppliers or third party service providers in connection with the provision of goods or services pursuant to transactions approved by the Board of Directors of the Corporation, including the Preferred Director; |
| (vii) | shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities issued as acquisition consideration pursuant to the acquisition of another corporation by the Corporation by merger, purchase of substantially all of the assets or other reorganization or to a joint venture agreement, provided that such issuances are approved by the Board of Directors of the Corporation, including the Preferred Director; or |
| (viii) | shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities issued in connection with sponsored research, collaboration, technology license, development, OEM, marketing or other similar agreements or strategic partnerships approved by the Board of Directors of the Corporation, including the Preferred Director. |
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(b) “Convertible Securities” shall mean any evidences of indebtedness, shares or other securities directly or indirectly convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock, but excluding Options.
(c) “Option” shall mean rights, options or warrants to subscribe for, purchase or otherwise acquire Common Stock or Convertible Securities.
4.4.2 No Adjustment of Applicable Conversion Price. No adjustment in the applicable Conversion Price shall be made as the result of the issuance or deemed issuance of Additional Shares of Common Stock if the Corporation receives written notice from the Requisite Holders agreeing that no such adjustment shall be made to the applicable Conversion Price for such series of Preferred Stock as the result of the issuance or deemed issuance of such Additional Shares of Common Stock.
4.4.3 Deemed Issue of Additional Shares of Common Stock.
(a) If the Corporation at any time or from time to time after the Original Issue Date shall issue any Options or Convertible Securities (excluding Options or Convertible Securities which are themselves Exempted Securities) or shall fix a record date for the determination of holders of any class of securities entitled to receive any such Options or Convertible Securities, then the maximum number of shares of Common Stock (as set forth in the instrument relating thereto, assuming the satisfaction of any conditions to exercisability, convertibility or exchangeability but without regard to any provision contained therein for a subsequent adjustment of such number) issuable upon the exercise of such Options or, in the case of Convertible Securities and Options therefor, the conversion or exchange of such Convertible Securities, shall be deemed to be Additional Shares of Common Stock issued as of the time of such issue or, in case such a record date shall have been fixed, as of the close of business on such record date.
(b) If the terms of any Option or Convertible Security, the issuance of which resulted in an adjustment to the applicable Conversion Price pursuant to the terms of Section 4.4.4, are revised as a result of an amendment to such terms or any other adjustment pursuant to the provisions of such Option or Convertible Security (but excluding automatic adjustments to such terms pursuant to anti-dilution or similar provisions of such Option or Convertible Security) to provide for either (1) any increase or decrease in the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise, conversion and/or exchange of any such Option or Convertible Security or (2) any increase or decrease in the consideration payable to the Corporation upon such exercise, conversion and/or exchange, then, effective upon such increase or decrease becoming effective, the applicable Conversion Price computed upon the original issue of such Option or Convertible Security (or upon the occurrence of a record date with respect thereto) shall be readjusted to such applicable Conversion Price as would have obtained had such revised terms been in effect upon the original date of issuance of such Option or Convertible Security. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no readjustment pursuant to this clause (b) shall have the effect of increasing the applicable Conversion Price to an amount which exceeds the lower of (i) the applicable Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to the original adjustment made as a result of the issuance of such Option or Convertible Security, or (ii) the applicable Conversion Price that would have resulted from any issuances of Additional Shares of Common Stock (other than deemed issuances of Additional Shares of Common Stock as a result of the issuance of such Option or Convertible Security) between the original adjustment date and such readjustment date.
(c) If the terms of any Option or Convertible Security (excluding Options or Convertible Securities which are themselves Exempted Securities), the issuance of which did not result in an adjustment to the applicable Conversion Price pursuant to the terms of Section 4.4.4 (either because the consideration per share (determined pursuant to Section 4.4.4(e)) of the Additional Shares of Common Stock subject thereto was equal to or greater than the applicable Conversion Price then in effect, or because such Option or Convertible Security was issued before the Original Issue Date), are revised after the Original Issue Date as a result of an amendment to such terms or any other adjustment pursuant to the provisions of such Option or Convertible Security (but excluding automatic adjustments to such terms pursuant to anti-dilution or similar provisions of such Option or Convertible Security) to provide for either (1) any increase in the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise, conversion or exchange of any such Option or Convertible Security or (2) any decrease in the consideration payable to the Corporation upon such exercise, conversion or exchange, then such Option or Convertible Security, as so amended or adjusted, and the Additional Shares of Common Stock subject thereto (determined in the manner provided in Section 4.4.3(a) shall be deemed to have been issued effective upon such increase or decrease becoming effective.
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(d) Upon the expiration or termination of any unexercised Option or unconverted or unexchanged Convertible Security (or portion thereof) which resulted (either upon its original issuance or upon a revision of its terms) in an adjustment to the applicable Conversion Price pursuant to the terms of Section 4.4.4, the applicable Conversion Price shall be readjusted to such applicable Conversion Price as would have obtained had such Option or Convertible Security (or portion thereof) never been issued.
(e) If the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise, conversion and/or exchange of any Option or Convertible Security, or the consideration payable to the Corporation upon such exercise, conversion and/or exchange, is calculable at the time such Option or Convertible Security is issued or amended but is subject to adjustment based upon subsequent events, any adjustment to the applicable Conversion Price provided for in this Section 4.4.3 shall be effected at the time of such issuance or amendment based on such number of shares or amount of consideration without regard to any provisions for subsequent adjustments (and any subsequent adjustments shall be treated as provided in clauses (b) and (c) of this Section 4.4.3). If the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise, conversion and/or exchange of any Option or Convertible Security, or the consideration payable to the Corporation upon such exercise, conversion and/or exchange, cannot be calculated at all at the time such Option or Convertible Security is issued or amended, any adjustment to the applicable Conversion Price that would result under the terms of this Section 4.4.3 at the time of such issuance or amendment shall instead be effected at the time such number of shares and/or amount of consideration is first calculable (even if subject to subsequent adjustments), assuming for purposes of calculating such adjustment to the applicable Conversion Price that such issuance or amendment took place at the time such calculation can first be made.
4.4.4 Adjustment of Applicable Conversion Price Upon Issuance of Additional Shares of Common Stock. In the event the Corporation shall at any time after the Original Issue Date issue Additional Shares of Common Stock (including Additional Shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued pursuant to Section 4.4.3), without consideration or for a consideration per share less than the applicable Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such issuance or deemed issuance, then the applicable Conversion Price shall be reduced, concurrently with such issue, to a price (calculated to the nearest one-hundredth of a cent) determined in accordance with the following formula:
CP2 = CP1* (A + B) ÷ (A + C).
For purposes of the foregoing formula, the following definitions shall apply:
(a) “CP2” shall mean the applicable Conversion Price in effect immediately after such issuance or deemed issuance of Additional Shares of Common Stock
(b) “CP1” shall mean the applicable Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such issuance or deemed issuance of Additional Shares of Common Stock;
(c) “A” shall mean the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to such issuance or deemed issuance of Additional Shares of Common Stock (treating for this purpose as outstanding all shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Options outstanding immediately prior to such issuance or deemed issuance or upon conversion or exchange of Convertible Securities (including the Preferred Stock) outstanding (assuming exercise of any outstanding Options therefor) immediately prior to such issue);
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(d) “B” shall mean the number of shares of Common Stock that would have been issued if such Additional Shares of Common Stock had been issued or deemed issued at a price per share equal to CP1 (determined by dividing the aggregate consideration received by the Corporation in respect of such issue by CP1); and
(e) “C” shall mean the number of such Additional Shares of Common Stock issued in such transaction.
4.4.5 Determination of Consideration. For purposes of this Section 4.4, the consideration received by the Corporation for the issuance or deemed issuance of any Additional Shares of Common Stock shall be computed as follows:
(a) Cash and Property. Such consideration shall:
| (i) | insofar as it consists of cash, be computed at the aggregate amount of cash received by the Corporation, excluding amounts paid or payable for accrued interest; |
| (ii) | insofar as it consists of property other than cash, be computed at the fair market value thereof at the time of such issue, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Corporation; and |
| (iii) | in the event Additional Shares of Common Stock are issued together with other shares or securities or other assets of the Corporation for consideration which covers both, be the proportion of such consideration so received, computed as provided in clauses (i) and (ii) above, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Corporation. |
(b) Options and Convertible Securities. The consideration per share received by the Corporation for Additional Shares of Common Stock deemed to have been issued pursuant to Section 4.4.3, relating to Options and Convertible Securities, shall be determined by dividing:
| (i) | The total amount, if any, received or receivable by the Corporation as consideration for the issue of such Options or Convertible Securities, plus the minimum aggregate amount of additional consideration (as set forth in the instruments relating thereto, without regard to any provision contained therein for a subsequent adjustment of such consideration) payable to the Corporation upon the exercise of such Options or the conversion or exchange of such Convertible Securities, or in the case of Options for Convertible Securities, the exercise of such Options for Convertible Securities and the conversion or exchange of such Convertible Securities, by |
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| (ii) | the maximum number of shares of Common Stock (as set forth in the instruments relating thereto, without regard to any provision contained therein for a subsequent adjustment of such number) issuable upon the exercise of such Options or the conversion or exchange of such Convertible Securities, or in the case of Options for Convertible Securities, the exercise of such Options for Convertible Securities and the conversion or exchange of such Convertible Securities. |
4.4.6 Multiple Closing Dates. In the event the Corporation shall issue on more than one date Additional Shares of Common Stock that are a part of one transaction or a series of related transactions and that would result in an adjustment to the applicable Conversion Price pursuant to the terms of Section 4.4.4, then, upon the final such issuance, the applicable Conversion Price shall be readjusted to give effect to all such issuances as if they occurred on the date of the first such issuance (and without giving effect to any additional adjustments as a result of any such subsequent issuances within such period).
4.5 Adjustment for Stock Splits and Combinations. If the Corporation shall at any time or from time to time after the Original Issue Date effect a subdivision of the outstanding Common Stock, each applicable Conversion Price in effect immediately before that subdivision shall be proportionately decreased so that the number of shares of Common Stock issuable on conversion of each share of such series shall be increased in proportion to such increase in the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. If the Corporation shall at any time or from time to time after the Original Issue Date combine the outstanding shares of Common Stock, each applicable Conversion Price in effect immediately before the combination shall be proportionately increased so that the number of shares of Common Stock issuable on conversion of each share of such series shall be decreased in proportion to such decrease in the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Any adjustment under this Section shall become effective at the close of business on the date the subdivision or combination becomes effective.
4.6 Adjustment for Certain Dividends and Distributions. In the event the Corporation at any time or from time to time after the Original Issue Date shall make or issue, or fix a record date for the determination of holders of Common Stock entitled to receive, a dividend or other distribution payable on the Common Stock in additional shares of Common Stock, then and in each such event each applicable Conversion Price in effect immediately before such event shall be decreased as of the time of such issuance or, in the event such a record date shall have been fixed, as of the close of business on such record date, by multiplying the applicable Conversion Price then in effect by a fraction:
(1) the numerator of which shall be the total number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the time of such issuance or the close of business on such record date, and
(2) the denominator of which shall be the total number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the time of such issuance or the close of business on such record date plus the number of shares of Common Stock issuable in payment of such dividend or distribution.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, (a) if such record date shall have been fixed and such dividend is not fully paid or if such distribution is not fully made on the date fixed therefor, each applicable Conversion Price shall be recomputed accordingly as of the close of business on such record date and thereafter the applicable Conversion Price shall be adjusted pursuant to this Section as of the time of actual payment of such dividends or distributions; and (b) that no such adjustment shall be made if the holders of Preferred Stock simultaneously receive a dividend or other distribution of shares of Common Stock in a number equal to the number of shares of Common Stock as they would have received if all outstanding shares of Preferred Stock had been converted into Common Stock on the date of such event.
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4.7 Adjustments for Other Dividends and Distributions. In the event the Corporation at any time or from time to time after the Original Issue Date shall make or issue, or fix a record date for the determination of holders of Common Stock entitled to receive, a dividend or other distribution payable in securities of the Corporation (other than a distribution of shares of Common Stock in respect of outstanding shares of Common Stock) or in other property and the provisions of Section 1 do not apply to such dividend or distribution, then and in each such event the holders of Preferred Stock shall receive, simultaneously with the distribution to the holders of Common Stock, a dividend or other distribution of such securities or other property in an amount equal to the amount of such securities or other property as they would have received if all outstanding shares of Preferred Stock had been converted into Common Stock on the date of such event.
4.8 Adjustment for Merger or Reorganization, etc. Subject to the provisions of Section 2.3, if there shall occur any reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification, consolidation or merger involving the Corporation in which the Common Stock (but not the Preferred Stock) is converted into or exchanged for securities, cash or other property (other than a transaction covered by Sections 4.4, 4.6 or 4.7), then, following any such reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification, consolidation or merger, each share of Preferred Stock shall thereafter be convertible in lieu of the Common Stock into which it was convertible prior to such event into the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property which a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock of the Corporation issuable upon conversion of one (1) share of such series of Preferred Stock immediately prior to such reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification, consolidation or merger would have been entitled to receive pursuant to such transaction; and, in such case, appropriate adjustment (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Corporation) shall be made in the application of the provisions in this Section 4 with respect to the rights and interests thereafter of the holders of the Preferred Stock, to the end that the provisions set forth in this Section 4 (including provisions with respect to changes in and other adjustments of the applicable Conversion Price) shall thereafter be applicable, as nearly as reasonably may be, in relation to any securities or other property thereafter deliverable upon the conversion of the Preferred Stock.
4.9 Certificate as to Adjustments. Upon the occurrence of each adjustment or readjustment of the applicable Conversion Price pursuant to this Section 4, the Corporation at its expense shall, as promptly as reasonably practicable but in any event not later than ten (10) days thereafter, compute such adjustment or readjustment in accordance with the terms hereof and furnish to each holder of the affected series of Preferred Stock a certificate setting forth such adjustment or readjustment (including the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property into which the Preferred Stock is convertible) and showing in detail the facts upon which such adjustment or readjustment is based. The Corporation shall, as promptly as reasonably practicable after the written request at any time of any holder of Preferred Stock (but in any event not later than ten (10) days thereafter), furnish or cause to be furnished to such holder a certificate setting forth (i) the applicable Conversion Price then in effect, and (ii) the number of shares of Common Stock and the amount, if any, of other securities, cash or property which then would be received upon the conversion of such series of Preferred Stock.
4.10 Notice of Record Date. In the event:
(a) the Corporation shall take a record of the holders of its Common Stock (or other capital stock or securities at the time issuable upon conversion of the Preferred Stock) for the purpose of entitling or enabling them to receive any dividend or other distribution, or to receive any right to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or any other securities, or to receive any other security; or
(b) of any capital reorganization of the Corporation, any reclassification of the Common Stock of the Corporation, or any Deemed Liquidation Event; or
(c) of the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding-up of the Corporation, then, and in each such case, the Corporation will send or cause to be sent to the holders of the Preferred Stock a notice specifying, as the case may be, (i) the record date for such dividend, distribution or right, and the amount and character of such dividend, distribution or right, or (ii) the effective date on which such reorganization, reclassification, consolidation, merger, transfer, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up is proposed to take place, and the time, if any is to be fixed, as of which the holders of record of Common Stock (or such other capital stock or securities at the time issuable upon the conversion of the Preferred Stock) shall be entitled to exchange their shares of Common Stock (or such other capital stock or securities) for securities or other property deliverable upon such reorganization, reclassification, consolidation, merger, transfer, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up, and the amount per share and character of such exchange applicable to such series of Preferred Stock and the Common Stock. Such notice shall be sent at least ten (10) days prior to the record date or effective date for the event specified in such notice.
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5. Mandatory Conversion.
5.1 Trigger Events. Upon either (a) the closing of the sale of shares of Common Stock to the public at a per share price of at least five times the Series Seed-1 Original Issue Price (subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of any stock dividend, stock split, combination or other similar recapitalization with respect to the Common Stock), in a firm-commitment underwritten public offering pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, resulting in at least $50,000,000 of gross proceeds to the Corporation and in connection with such offering the Common Stock is listed for trading on the Nasdaq Stock Market’s National Market, the New York Stock Exchange or another exchange or marketplace approved the Board of Directors, including the Preferred Director or (b) the date and time, or the occurrence of an event, specified by vote or written consent of the Requisite Holders (the time of such closing or the date and time specified or the time of the event specified in such vote or written consent is referred to herein as the ··Mandatory Conversion Time”), then (i) all outstanding shares of Preferred Stock shall automatically be converted into shares of Common Stock, at the then effective conversion rate as calculated pursuant to Section 4.1.1 and (ii) such shares may not be reissued by the Corporation.
5.2 Procedural Requirements. All holders of record of shares of Preferred Stock shall be sent written notice of the Mandatory Conversion Time and the place designated for mandatory conversion of all such shares of Preferred Stock pursuant to this Section 5. Such notice need not be sent in advance of the occurrence of the Mandatory Conversion Time. Upon receipt of such notice, each holder of shares of Preferred Stock in certificated form shall surrender his, her or its certificate or certificates for all such shares (or, if such holder alleges that such certificate has been lost, stolen or destroyed, a lost certificate affidavit and agreement reasonably acceptable to the Corporation to indemnify the Corporation against any claim that may be made against the Corporation on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of such certificate) to the Corporation at the place designated in such notice. If so required by the Corporation, any certificates surrendered for conversion shall be endorsed or accompanied by written instrument or instruments of transfer, in form satisfactory to the Corporation, duly executed by the registered holder or by his, her or its attorney duly authorized in writing. All rights with respect to the Preferred Stock converted pursuant to Section 5.1, including the rights, if any, to receive notices and vote (other than as a holder of Common Stock), will terminate at the Mandatory Conversion Time (notwithstanding the failure of the holder or holders thereof to surrender any certificates at or prior to such time), except only the rights of the holders thereof, upon surrender of any certificate or certificates of such holders (or lost certificate affidavit and agreement) therefor, to receive the items provided for in the next sentence of this Section 5.2. As soon as practicable after the Mandatory Conversion Time and, if applicable, the surrender of any certificate or certificates (or lost certificate affidavit and agreement) for Preferred Stock, the Corporation shall (a) issue and deliver to such holder, or to his, her or its nominees, a certificate or certificates for the number of full shares of Common Stock issuable on such conversion in accordance with the provisions hereof and (b) pay any declared but unpaid dividends on the shares of Preferred Stock converted. Such converted Preferred Stock shall be retired and cancelled and may not be reissued as shares of such series, and the Corporation may thereafter take such appropriate action (without the need for stockholder action) as may be necessary to reduce the authorized number of shares of Preferred Stock accordingly.
6. Redeemed or Otherwise Acquired Shares. Any shares of Preferred Stock that are redeemed, converted or otherwise acquired by the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries shall be automatically and immediately cancelled and retired and shall not be reissued, sold or transferred. Neither the Corporation nor any of its subsidiaries may exercise any voting or other rights granted to the holders of Preferred Stock following redemption, conversion or acquisition.
7. Waiver. Except as otherwise set forth herein, any of the rights, powers, preferences and other terms of the Preferred Stock set forth herein may be waived on behalf of all holders of Preferred Stock by the affirmative written consent or vote of the Requisite Holders.
8. Notices. Any notice required or permitted by the provisions of this Article Fourth to be given to a holder of shares of Preferred Stock shall be mailed, postage prepaid, to the post office address last shown on the records of the Corporation, or given by electronic communication in compliance with the provisions of the General Corporation Law, and shall be deemed sent upon such mailing or electronic transmission.
FIFTH: Subject to any additional vote required by this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, in furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by statute, the Board of Directors is expressly authorized to make, repeal, alter, amend and rescind any or all of the Bylaws of the Corporation.
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SIXTH: Subject to any additional vote required by this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the number of directors of the Corporation shall be determined in the manner set forth in the Bylaws of the Corporation. Each director shall be entitled to one(!) vote on each matter presented to the Board of Directors.
SEVENTH: Elections of directors need not be by written ballot unless the Bylaws of the Corporation shall so provide.
EIGHTH: Meetings of stockholders may be held within or without the State of Delaware, as the Bylaws of the Corporation may provide. The books of the Corporation may be kept outside the State of Delaware at such place or places as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors or in the Bylaws of the Corporation.
NINTH: To the fullest extent permitted by law, a director of the Corporation shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director. If the General Corporation Law or any other law of the State of Delaware is amended after approval by the stockholders of this Article Ninth to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the General Corporation Law as so amended.
Any repeal or modification of the foregoing provisions of this Article Ninth by the stockholders of the Corporation shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a director of the Corporation existing at the time of, or increase the liability of any director of the Corporation with respect to any acts or omissions of such director occurring prior to, such repeal or modification.
TENTH: To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the Corporation is authorized to provide indemnification of (and advancement of expenses to) directors, officers and agents of the Corporation (and any other persons to which General Corporation Law permits the Corporation to provide indemnification) through Bylaw provisions, agreements with such agents or other persons, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, in excess of the indemnification and advancement otherwise permitted by Section 145 of the General Corporation Law.
Any amendment, repeal or modification of the foregoing provisions of this Article Tenth shall not (a) adversely affect any right or protection of any director, officer or other agent of the Corporation existing at the time of such amendment, repeal or modification or (b) increase the liability of any director of the Corporation with respect to any acts or omissions of such director, officer or agent occurring prior to, such amendment, repeal or modification.
ELEVENTH: The Corporation renounces, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any interest or expectancy of the Corporation in, or in being offered an opportunity to participate in, any Excluded Opportunity. An “Excluded Opportunity” is any matter, transaction or interest that is presented to, or acquired, created or developed by, or which otherwise comes into the possession of (i) any director of the Corporation who is not an employee of the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries, or (ii) any holder of Preferred Stock or any partner, member, director, stockholder, employee, affiliate or agent of any such holder, other than someone who is an employee of the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries (collectively, the persons referred to in clauses (i) and (ii) are “Covered Persons”), unless such matter, transaction or interest is presented to, or acquired, created or developed by, or otherwise comes into the possession of, a Covered Person expressly and solely in such Covered Person’s capacity as a director of the Corporation while such Covered Person is performing services in such capacity. Any repeal or modification of this Article Eleventh will only be prospective and will not affect the rights under this Article Eleventh in effect at the time of the occurrence of any actions or omissions to act giving rise to liability. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained elsewhere in this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the affirmative vote of the Requisite Holders will be required to amend or repeal, or to adopt any provisions inconsistent with this Article Eleventh.
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TWELFTH: Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for any stockholder (including a beneficial owner) to bring (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation’s stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation, its directors, officers or employees arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law or the Corporation’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws or (iv) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation, its directors, officers or employees governed by the internal affairs doctrine, except for, as to each of (i) through (iv) above, any claim as to which the Court of Chancery determines that there is an indispensable party not subject to the jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery (and the indispensable party does not consent to the personal jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery within ten (10) days following such determination), which is vested in the exclusive jurisdiction of a court or forum other than the Court of Chancery, or for which the Court of Chancery does not have subject matter jurisdiction. If any provision or provisions of this Article Twelfth shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable as applied to any person or entity or circumstance for any reason whatsoever, then, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the validity, legality and enforceability of such provisions in any other circumstance and of the remaining provisions of this Article Twelfth (including, without limitation, each portion of any sentence of this Article Twelfth containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) and the application of such provision to other persons or entities and circumstances shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.
THIRTEENTH: For purposes of Section 500 of the California Corporations Code (to the extent applicable), in connection with any repurchase of shares of Common Stock permitted under this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation from employees, officers, directors or consultants of the Corporation in connection with a termination of employment or services pursuant to agreements or arrangements approved by the Board of Directors (in addition to any other consent required under this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation), such repurchase may be made without regard to any “preferential dividends arrears amount” or “preferential rights amount” (as those terms are defined in Section 500 of the California Corporations Code). Accordingly, for purposes of making any calculation under California Corporations Code Section 500 in connection with such repurchase, the amount of any “preferential dividends arrears amount” or “preferential rights amount” (as those terms are defined therein) shall be deemed to be zero (0).
* * *
3. That the foregoing amendment and restatement was approved by the holders of the requisite number of shares of this corporation in accordance with Section 228 of the General Corporation Law.
4. That this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, which restates and integrates and further amends the provisions of this Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation, has been duly adopted in accordance with Sections 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation has been executed by a duly authorized officer of this corporation on this 28th day of April, 2023.
| By: | /s/ Lyle Pratt |
| Lyle Pratt, President |
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Exhibit 3.2
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
OF
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
VIDA Global Inc. (the “Corporation”), a corporation organized and existing under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”), does hereby certify as follows:
1.The name of the Corporation is VIDA Global Inc. The Corporation was incorporated under the name VIDA Global Inc. by the filing of its original Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on March 11, 2022.
2. The Certificate of Incorporation of this Corporation was previously amended and restated in its entirety by the filing of an Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on August 29, 2025.
3.This Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Restated Certificate”), which amends, restates and further integrates the certificate of incorporation of the Corporation as heretofore in effect, was duly adopted by the board of directors of the Corporation and by the written consent of the requisite stockholders of the Corporation in accordance with Sections 228, 242 and 245 of the DGCL.
4.The text of the certificate of incorporation of the Corporation, as heretofore amended, is hereby amended and restated by this Restated Certificate to read in its entirety as set forth in EXHIBIT A attached hereto.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, VIDA Global Inc. has caused this Restated Certificate to be signed by a duly authorized officer of the Corporation on ________________, 2026.
| VIDA GLOBAL INC. | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | Lyle Pratt | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
EXHIBIT A
ARTICLE I
The name of the corporation is VIDA Global Inc. (the “Corporation”).
ARTICLE II
The address of the Corporation’s registered office in the State of Delaware is 108 Lakeland Avenue, Dover, County of Kent, 19901, and the name of its registered agent at such address is Capitol Services, Inc.
ARTICLE III
The purpose of the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”) as it now exists or may hereafter be amended and supplemented.
ARTICLE IV
The total number of shares of capital stock which the Corporation is authorized to issue is 560,000,000 shares comprised of two classes as follows: (i) 510,000,000 shares of common stock, having a par value of $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), of which (a) 500,000,000 shares shall be a series designated as Class A Common Stock (the “Class A Common Stock”) and (b) 10,000,000 shares shall be a series designated as Class B Common Stock (the “Class B Common Stock”), and (ii) 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share (the “Preferred Stock”). For the avoidance of doubt, the Class A Common Stock and the Class B Common Stock shall be two separate series within a single class of capital stock.
The number of authorized shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock may from time to time be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) without a separate class vote of the holders of any of the Common Stock or Preferred Stock, irrespective of the provisions of Section 242(b)(2) of the DGCL, unless a vote of any such holders is required pursuant to this Restated Certificate (including any Certificate of Designation relating to any series of Preferred Stock).
Effective immediately upon the filing and effectiveness of this Restated Certificate with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the “Effective Time”), (i) each issued and outstanding share of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, of the Corporation that was issued to the former holders of the Series Seed-1 Preferred Stock, Series Seed-2 Preferred Stock, and Series A Preferred Stock of the Corporation (such former series of preferred stock, collectively, the “Former Preferred Stock” and such former holders thereof, the “Former Preferred Holders”) upon the mandatory conversion of the Former Preferred Stock immediately prior to the filing and effectiveness of this Restated Certificate pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of the Corporation’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (such shares of common stock, the “Former Preferred Holder Common Stock”) shall be reclassified as and become, 3.57 validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of Class A Common Stock; (ii) each issued and outstanding share of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, of the Corporation that was issued as restricted stock awards or was issued upon the exercise, conversion or vesting of other awards pursuant to the Corporation’s equity incentive plans (such shares of common stock, the “Former Equity Award Common Stock”) shall be reclassified as and become, 3.57 validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of Class A Common Stock; and (iii) each issued and outstanding share of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, of the Corporation that is not Former Preferred Holder Common Stock or Former Equity Award Common Stock shall be reclassified as and become, 3.57 fully paid and non-assessable shares of Class B Common Stock (such shares of common stock, the “Former Common Stock” and together with the Former Preferred Holder Common Stock and the Former Equity Award Common Stock, the “Existing Common Stock”). The reclassifications set forth in clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) of the immediately preceding sentence (the “Reclassification”) shall occur automatically without any further action by the Corporation or the holders of Existing Common Stock.
No fractional shares of Class A Common Stock or Class B Common Stock will be issued as a result of or in connection with the Reclassification. If the shares of Existing Common Stock held by a holder immediately prior to the Effective Time are collectively reclassified pursuant to the Reclassification into a fractional number of shares of Class A Common Stock or Class B Common Stock, as applicable, the Corporation shall issue to such holder such fractions of a share of Class A Common Stock or Class B Common Stock, as applicable, as are necessary to round the number of shares of Class A Common Stock or Class B Common Stock, as applicable, held by such holder immediately following the Effective Time up to the nearest whole number of shares in consideration for the corporate benefits to the Corporation arising from not having to issue fractional shares or pay in cash the fair value of such fractional shares in lieu of the issuance thereof (the “Fractional Share Issuance”).
Each holder of record of a certificate or certificates for one or more shares of the Existing Common Stock shall be entitled to receive as soon as practicable, upon surrender of such certificate, a certificate or certificates representing the largest whole number of shares of Class A Common Stock or Class B Common Stock, as applicable, to which such holder shall be entitled pursuant to the provisions of the immediately preceding paragraphs. Each stock certificate that, immediately prior to the Effective Time, represented shares of Existing Common Stock that were issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall, from and after the Effective Time, automatically and without the necessity of presenting the same for exchange, represent that number of whole shares of Class A Common Stock or Class B Common Stock, as applicable, after the Effective Time into which the shares formerly represented by such certificate have been reclassified pursuant to the Reclassification and after giving effect to the Fractional Share Issuance, as applicable.
The designations and the powers, preferences and rights, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof in respect of each class and series of capital stock of the Corporation are as follows:
A. COMMON STOCK.
Subject to and qualified by all the rights, powers and preferences of the Preferred Stock and except as provided by law or in this Restated Certificate (including any Certificate of Designation relating to any series of Preferred Stock):
1. Voting Rights.
(a) General Right to Vote Together. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein or required by applicable law, the holders of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock shall vote together on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders.
(b) Votes Per Share. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein or required by applicable law, on any matter that is submitted to a vote of the stockholders, each holder of Class A Common Stock shall be entitled to one (1) vote for each such share held by such holder as of the record date for determining stockholders entitled to vote on such matter, and each holder of Class B Common Stock shall be entitled to ten (10) votes for each such share held by such holder as of the record date for determining stockholders entitled to vote on such matter. Notwithstanding the foregoing, except as otherwise required by law, holders of shares of Common Stock, as such, shall have no voting power with respect to, and shall not be entitled to vote on, any amendment to this Restated Certificate (including any Certificate of Designation relating to any series of Preferred Stock) that relates solely to the terms of the Preferred Stock or one or more outstanding series thereof if the holders of such Preferred Stock or series thereof are entitled, either separately or together with the holders of one or more other such series, to vote thereon under this Restated Certificate (including any Certificate of Designation relating to any series of Preferred Stock) or under the DGCL.
(c) Cumulative Voting. Unless required by law, there shall be no cumulative voting.
2. Identical Rights. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein or required by applicable law, shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock shall have the same rights and privileges and rank equally and share ratably in all respects as to all matters, including, without limitation:
(a) Distributions. Subject to applicable law and the rights, if any, of the holders of any outstanding series of Preferred Stock or any class or series of stock having a preference over or the right to participate with the Common Stock with respect to the payment of any Distribution, Distributions may be declared and paid or made ratably on the Common Stock out of the assets of the Corporation which are legally available for this purpose at such times and in such amounts as the Board of Directors in its discretion shall determine. Shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock shall be treated equally, identically and ratably, on a per share basis, with respect to any Distribution paid or distributed by the Corporation, unless different treatment of the shares of each such series is approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock and by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock, each voting separately as a series; provided, however, that in the event a Distribution is paid in the form of Class A Common Stock or Class B Common Stock (or Rights to acquire, or securities convertible into or exchangeable for, such stock, as the case may be), then holders of Class A Common Stock shall receive Class A Common Stock (or Rights to acquire, or securities convertible into or exchangeable for, such stock, as the case may be) and holders of Class B Common Stock shall receive Class B Common Stock (or Rights to acquire, or securities convertible into or exchangeable for, such stock, as the case may be) and such Distribution shall be deemed equal, identical and ratable so long as such Distribution is paid or distributed ratably on a per share basis.
(b) Subdivision or Combination. If the Corporation in any manner subdivides, combines or reclassifies the outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock or Class B Common Stock, then the outstanding shares of the other such series will be concurrently subdivided, combined or reclassified in the same proportion and manner to maintain the same proportionate equity ownership between the holders of the outstanding Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock on the record date or effective date for such subdivision, combination or reclassification, unless different treatment of the shares of each such series is approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock and by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock, each voting separately as a series.
(c) Equal Treatment in any Merger Transaction. The consideration received per share by the holders of each series of Common Stock in any merger, consolidation, statutory conversion, transfer, domestication, reorganization or other business combination shall be identical; provided, however, that if such consideration consists, in whole or in part, of shares of capital stock of, or other equity interests in, the Corporation or any other corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity, then the powers, designations, preferences and relative, optional or other special rights and qualifications, limitations and restrictions of such shares of capital stock or other equity interests received in respect of the shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock may differ to the extent that the powers, designations, preferences and relative, optional or other special rights and qualifications, limitations and restrictions of the Class A Common Stock and the Class B Common Stock differ as provided herein (including, without limitation, with respect to the voting rights and conversion provisions hereof); and provided further, that, if the holders of any series of Common Stock are granted the right to elect to receive one of two or more alternative forms of consideration, the foregoing provisions shall be deemed satisfied if holders of the other series of Common Stock are granted corresponding election rights. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the consideration received per share by the holders of each series of Common Stock in any merger, consolidation, statutory conversion, transfer, domestication, reorganization or other business combination is not required to be identical, and may be different or disproportionate, if such merger, consolidation, statutory conversion, transfer, domestication, reorganization or other business combination is approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority in voting power of the outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock, each voting separately as a series.
3. Conversion of Class B Common Stock.
(a) Voluntary Conversion. Each one (1) share of Class B Common Stock shall be convertible into one (1) fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A Common Stock at the option of the holder thereof at any time upon written notice to the transfer agent of the Corporation. Such written notice shall state therein the number of shares of Class B Common Stock being converted and the name or names of the holder or holders thereof in which the shares of Class A Common Stock are to be registered.
(b) Automatic Conversion.
(i) With respect to each Founder, each share of Class B Common Stock shall automatically, without any further action by the holder thereof, convert into one fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A Common Stock upon the date such Founder is no longer providing services to the Corporation as an executive officer or member of the Board.
(ii) Each share of Class B Common Stock shall automatically, without any further action by the holder thereof, convert into one fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A Common Stock upon a Transfer of such share; provided, however, that no such automatic conversion shall occur in the case of a Transfer by a Class B Stockholder to any of the persons or entities listed in clauses (A) through (E) below (each, a “Permitted Transferee”) and from any such Permitted Transferee back to such Class B Stockholder and/or any other Permitted Transferee established by or for such Class B Stockholder:
(A) an Immediate Family Member of the Founder who shares the Founder’s household;
(B) a trust (including a grantor retained annuity trust), or a trustee of a trust, for the benefit of the Founder or any Immediate Family Member of the Founder so long as the Founder (or the spouse of the Founder), directly or indirectly through one or more Permitted Transferees, has sole dispositive power and Voting Control with respect to the shares of Class B Common Stock held by such trust; provided such Transfer does not involve any payment of cash, securities, property or other consideration and, provided, further, that in the event the Founder (or the spouse of the Founder) no longer has direct or indirect sole dispositive power and Voting Control with respect to the shares of Class B Common Stock held by such trust, each share of Class B Common Stock then held by such trust shall automatically convert into one (1) fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A Common Stock;
(C) an Individual Retirement Account, as defined in Section 408(a) of the Internal Revenue Code (or successor provision), or a pension, profit sharing, stock bonus or other type of plan or trust of which such Class B Stockholder is a participant or beneficiary and which satisfies an Individual Retirement Account, as defined in Section 408(a) of the Internal Revenue Code (or successor provision) maintained by the Founder or the spouse of the Founder, or a pension, profit sharing, stock bonus or other type of plan or trust of which the Founder or the spouse of the Founder is a participant and beneficiary and which satisfies the requirements for qualification under Section 401 of the Internal Revenue Code (or successor provision); provided that in each case the Founder or the spouse of the Founder, directly or indirectly through one or more Permitted Transferees, has sole dispositive power and Voting Control with respect to the shares of Class B Common Stock held in such account, plan or trust, and provided, further, that in the event the Founder or the spouse of the Founder no longer has direct or indirect sole dispositive power and Voting Control with respect to the shares of Class B Common Stock held by such account, plan or trust, each share of Class B Common Stock then held by such account, plan or trust shall automatically convert into one (1) fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A Common Stock;
(D) a corporation, partnership or limited liability company in which the Founder or the spouse of the Founder directly, or indirectly through one or more Permitted Transferees, own shares, partnership interests or membership interests, as applicable, with sufficient Voting Control in the corporation, partnership or limited liability company, as applicable, or otherwise have legally enforceable rights, such that the Founder or the spouse of the Founder, directly or indirectly through one or more Permitted Transferees, retains sole dispositive power and Voting Control with respect to the shares of Class B Common Stock held by such corporation, partnership or limited liability company; provided such Transfer does not involve any payment of cash, securities, property or other consideration and, provided, further, that in the event the Founder or spouse of the Founder no longer owns sufficient shares, partnership interests or membership interests, as applicable, or no longer has sufficient legally enforceable rights to ensure such Class B Stockholder retains direct or indirect sole dispositive power and Voting Control with respect to the shares of Class B Common Stock held by such corporation, partnership or limited liability company, as applicable, each share of Class B Common Stock then held by such corporation, partnership or limited liability company, as applicable, shall automatically convert into one (1) fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A Common Stock; or
(E) from the Founder or the Founder’s Permitted Transferees to the Founder’s estate or to any Immediate Family Member of the Founder as a result of the Founder’s death.
(c) Final Conversion of Class B Common Stock. On the Final Conversion Date, each one (1) outstanding share of Class B Common Stock shall automatically, without any further action, convert into one (1) fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A Common Stock. Following such conversion, the reissuance of any shares of Class B Common Stock shall be prohibited, and the Corporation shall take all necessary action to retire each share of Class B Common Stock so converted in accordance with Section 243 of the DGCL, including filing a certificate of retirement with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware required thereby, and upon the effectiveness of such certificate of retirement, it shall have the effect of amending this Restated Certificate so as to reduce accordingly the number of authorized shares of Class B Common Stock or, if all authorized shares of Class B Common Stock were previously issued and retired by the filing of the certificate of retirement, eliminating all references to Class B Common Stock in this Restated Certificate.
(d) Procedures. The Corporation may, from time to time, establish such policies and procedures relating to the conversion of Class B Common Stock to Class A Common Stock in accordance with this Article IV, Section A(3) and the general administration of this dual series stock structure, including the issuance of stock certificates (or the establishment of book-entry positions) with respect thereto, as it may deem necessary or advisable, and may request that holders of shares of Class B Common Stock furnish certifications, affidavits or other proof to the Corporation as it deems necessary to verify the ownership of Class B Common Stock and to confirm that a conversion to Class A Common Stock has not occurred in accordance with this Article IV, Section A(3)(b)(ii)(B). Upon any determination by the Board that a Transfer has resulted in a conversion to Class A Common Stock, such shares of Class B Common Stock shall be, or shall be deemed to be as of the time of such Transfer, as applicable, converted to Class A Common Stock.
(e) Immediate Effect of Conversion. In the event of a conversion of shares of Class B Common Stock to shares of Class A Common Stock pursuant to this Article IV, Section A(3), such conversion(s) shall be deemed to have been effective immediately prior to the close of business on the date that the Corporation’s transfer agent receives the written notice required under Section A(3)(a) of this Article IV, the time that the Transfer of such shares occurred under Section A(3)(b)(ii) of this Article IV, or immediately upon the Final Conversion Date, as applicable. Upon any conversion of Class B Common Stock to Class A Common Stock pursuant to this Article IV, Section A(3), all rights of the holder of such shares of Class B Common Stock shall cease and the person or persons in whose name or names the certificate or certificates (or book-entry position(s) representing the shares of Class A Common Stock) are to be issued shall be treated for all purposes as having become the record holder or holders of such number of shares of Class A Common Stock into which such shares of Class B Common Stock were converted. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in Section A(3) of this Article IV, if the date on which any share of Class B Common Stock is converted into Class A Common Stock pursuant to the provisions of Section A(3) of this Article IV occurs after the record date for the determination of the holders of Class B Common Stock entitled to receive any dividend or distribution to be paid on the shares of Class B Common Stock, the Class B Stockholder as of such record date will be entitled to receive such dividend or distribution on such payment date; provided, that, notwithstanding any other provision of this Restated Certificate and to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, to the extent that any such dividend or distribution is payable in shares of Class B Common Stock (or Rights to acquire, or securities convertible into or exchangeable for, Class B Common Stock), such shares of Class B Common Stock shall automatically be converted to Class A Common Stock, on a one-to-one basis (and such Rights to acquire, or securities convertible into or exchangeable for, Class B Common Stock, shall be Rights to acquire, or securities convertible into or exchangeable for, Class A Common Stock, on a one-to-one basis).
(f) Reservation of Stock. The Corporation shall at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued shares of Class A Common Stock, solely for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the shares of Class B Common Stock pursuant to this Article IV, Section A(3), such number of its shares of Class A Common Stock as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock into shares of Class A Common Stock.
4. No Further Issuances. Except for the issuance of Class B Common Stock issuable upon the settlement, exercise or conversion of Rights outstanding at the IPO Time or Rights contemplated by the Equity Incentive Plan, a dividend payable in accordance with Article IV, Section A(2)(a) or a subdivision or reclassification in accordance with Article IV, Section A(2)(b), the Corporation shall not at any time after the IPO Time issue any additional shares of Class B Common Stock, unless such issuance is approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock, voting as a separate series. After the Final Conversion Date, the Corporation shall not issue any additional shares of Class B Common Stock.
B. PREFERRED STOCK
Shares of Preferred Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series, each of such series to have such terms as stated or expressed herein and in the resolution or resolutions providing for the creation and issuance of such series adopted by the Board as hereinafter provided.
Authority is hereby expressly granted to the Board from time to time to issue the Preferred Stock in one or more series, and in connection with the creation of any such series, by adopting a resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance of the shares thereof and by filing a Certificate of Designation relating thereto in accordance with the DGCL, to determine and fix the number of shares of such series and such voting powers, full or limited, or no voting powers, and such designations, preferences and relative participating, optional or other special rights, and qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, including without limitation thereof, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption rights and liquidation preferences as shall be stated and expressed in such resolutions, all to the fullest extent now or hereafter permitted by the DGCL. Unless otherwise provided in any such resolution or resolutions, the number of shares of stock of any such series to which such resolution or resolutions apply may be increased (but not above the total number of authorized shares of the class) or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by a certificate likewise executed, acknowledged and filed setting forth a statement that a specified increase or decrease therein had been authorized and directed by a resolution or resolutions likewise adopted by the Board. Without limiting the generality of any of the foregoing, the resolution or resolutions providing for the creation and issuance of any series of Preferred Stock may provide that such series shall be superior or rank equally or be junior to any other series of Preferred Stock to the extent permitted by law and this Restated Certificate (including any Certificate of Designation relating to such series of Preferred Stock). Except as otherwise required by law, holders of any series of Preferred Stock shall be entitled only to such voting rights, if any, as shall expressly be granted thereto by this Restated Certificate (including any Certificate of Designation relating to such series of Preferred Stock).
ARTICLE V
The following terms, where capitalized in this Restated Certificate, shall have the meanings ascribed to them in this Article V:
“Board of Directors” or “Board” means the board of directors of the Corporation or a duly authorized committee thereof.
“Certificate of Designation” means a certificate of designation relating to a series of Preferred Stock, as the same may be amended and/or restated from time to time.
“Class B Stockholder” means (i) the registered holder of a share of Class B Common Stock issued at or prior to the IPO Time, (ii) the registered holder of any shares of Class B Common Stock that are originally issued by the Corporation after the IPO Time (including, without limitation upon exercise of options or warrants and settlement of restricted stock units) or (iii) a Permitted Transferee of the foregoing registered holders in clauses (i) and (ii).
“Distribution” means (i) any dividend of cash, property or shares of the Corporation’s capital stock payable to holders of shares of the Corporation’s capital stock; and (ii) any distribution to holders of shares of the Corporation’s capital stock following or in connection with any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, either voluntary or involuntary.
“Equity Incentive Plan” means the Corporation’s 2026 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan, as may be amended and/or restated from time to time prior to the Final Conversion Date.
“Exchange Act” means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
“Final Conversion Date” means 5:00 p.m. in New York City, New York on the earliest to occur following the IPO Time of (i) the date fixed by the Board that is no less than ninety (90) days and no more than one hundred and eighty (180) days following the date all Founders are no longer providing services to the Corporation as an executive officer or member of the Board, (ii) the date fixed by the Board that is no less than ninety (90) days and no more than one hundred and eighty (180) days following the death or Incapacity of all Founders, or (iii) the date on which the number of shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock beneficially owned by all of the Founders and their respective Permitted Transferees (including shares underlying outstanding Rights) represents less than 50% of the shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock beneficially owned by the Founders at the IPO Time.
“Founder” means each of Lyle Pratt, Brandon Robinson, and Timothy Noah Hayes.
“Immediate Family Member” means, with respect to a natural person, the child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, sibling, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law, and shall include adoptive relationships.
“Incapacity” means that such holder is incapable of managing such holder’s financial affairs under the criteria set forth in the applicable probate code and such incapacity has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than twelve (12) months or is suffering from a condition that can be expected to result in death, in each case, as determined by a licensed medical practitioner. In the event of a dispute regarding whether a Class B Stockholder has suffered an Incapacity, no Incapacity of such holder will be deemed to have occurred unless and until an affirmative ruling regarding such Incapacity has been made by a court of competent jurisdiction.
“IPO” means the Corporation’s initial underwritten public offering of the Class A Common Stock.
“IPO Time” means the closing of the IPO.
“Rights” means any option, warrant, restricted stock unit, conversion right or contractual right of any kind to acquire shares of the Corporation’s authorized but unissued capital stock.
“Securities Act” means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
“Securities Exchange” means, at any time, the registered national securities exchange on which the Corporation’s equity securities are then principally listed or traded, which shall be the New York Stock Exchange or Nasdaq Global Market (or similar national quotation system of the Nasdaq Stock Market) (“Nasdaq”) or any successor exchange of either the New York Stock Exchange or Nasdaq.
“Transfer” of a share of Class B Common Stock shall mean, directly or indirectly, any sale, assignment, transfer, conveyance, hypothecation or other transfer or disposition of such share or any legal or beneficial interest in such share, whether or not for value and whether voluntary or involuntary or by operation of law. A “Transfer” shall also include, without limitation, (i) a transfer of a share of Class B Common Stock to a broker or other nominee (regardless of whether or not there is a corresponding change in beneficial ownership) or (ii) the transfer of, or entering into a binding agreement with respect to, Voting Control over a share of Class B Common Stock. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the following shall not be considered a “Transfer”: (a) granting a revocable proxy to officers or directors of the Corporation at the request of the Board in connection with actions to be taken at an annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation or by written consent in lieu of a meeting of stockholders of the Corporation; (b) pledging shares of Class B Common Stock by a Class B Stockholder that creates a mere security interest in such shares pursuant to a bona fide loan or indebtedness transaction so long as the Class B Stockholder continues to exercise Voting Control over such pledged shares; provided, however, that a foreclosure on such shares of Class B Common Stock or other similar action by the pledgee shall constitute a “Transfer”; (c) the fact that, as of the IPO Time or at any time after the IPO Time, the spouse of any Class B Stockholder possesses or obtains an interest in such holder’s shares of Class B Common Stock arising solely by reason of the application of the community property laws of any jurisdiction, so long as no other event or circumstance shall exist or have occurred that constitutes a “Transfer” of such shares of Class B Common Stock (and provided that any transfer of shares by any holder of shares of Class B Common Stock to such holder’s spouse, including a transfer in connection with a divorce proceeding, domestic relations order or similar legal requirement, shall constitute a “Transfer” of such shares of Class B Common Stock unless otherwise exempt from the definition of Transfer); (d) entering into a trading plan pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act with a broker or other nominee; provided, however, that a sale of such shares of Class B Common Stock pursuant to such plan shall constitute a “Transfer” at the time of such sale; (e) granting a proxy by a Founder or a Founder’s Permitted Transferees to a person designated by the Board to exercise Voting Control of shares of Class B Common Stock owned directly or indirectly, beneficially and of record, by such Founder or such Founder’s Permitted Transferees, or over which such Founder has Voting Control pursuant to a proxy or voting agreements then in place, effective either (x) on the death of such Founder or (y) during any Incapacity of such Founder, including the exercise of such proxy by the person designated by the Board; or (f) entering into, or reaching an agreement, arrangement or understanding regarding, a support, voting, tender or similar agreement or arrangement (with or without a proxy) in connection with a merger, conversion, transfer, asset transfer, asset acquisition or any other transaction approved by the Board.
“Voting Control” with respect to a share of Class B Common Stock means the exclusive power (whether directly or indirectly) to vote or direct the voting of such share of Class B Common Stock by proxy, voting agreement, or otherwise; provided, however, that the following shall not be considered a loss or other diminishment of “Voting Control”: (a) granting a revocable proxy to officers or directors of the Corporation at the request of the Board in connection with actions to be taken at an annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation or by written consent in lieu of a meeting of stockholders of the Corporation; (b) pledging shares of Class B Common Stock by a holder that creates a mere security interest in such shares pursuant to a bona fide loan or indebtedness transaction so long as the holder continues to exercise voting control over such pledged shares; provided, however, that a foreclosure on such shares of Class B Common Stock or other similar action by the pledgee shall constitute a loss of “Voting Control”; (c) the fact that, as of the IPO Time or at any time after the IPO Time, the spouse of any holder possesses or obtains an interest in such holder’s shares of Class B Common Stock arising solely by reason of the application of the community property laws of any jurisdiction, so long as no other event or circumstance shall exist or have occurred that constitutes a loss of “Voting Control” of such shares of Class B Common Stock (and provided that any transfer of voting control over shares held by any holder of shares of Class B Common Stock to such holder’s spouse, including a transfer of voting control in connection with a divorce proceeding, domestic relations order or similar legal requirement, shall constitute a loss of “Voting Control” of such shares of Class B Common Stock unless otherwise provided herein); (d) entering into a trading plan pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act with a broker or other nominee; provided, however, that a sale of such shares of Class B Common Stock pursuant to such plan shall constitute a loss of “Voting Control” at the time of such sale; (e) granting a proxy by a Founder or a Founder’s Permitted Transferees to a person designated by the Board to exercise Voting Control of shares of Class B Common Stock owned directly or indirectly, beneficially and of record, by such Founder or such Founder’s Permitted Transferees, or over which such Founder has Voting Control pursuant to a proxy or voting agreements then in place, effective either (x) on the death of such Founder or (y) during any Incapacity of such Founder, including the exercise of such proxy by the person designated by the Board; or (f) entering into, or reaching an agreement, arrangement or understanding regarding, a support, voting, tender or similar agreement or arrangement (with or without a proxy) in connection with a merger, conversion, transfer, asset transfer, asset acquisition or any other transaction approved by the Board.
ARTICLE VI
For the management of the business and for the conduct of the affairs of the Corporation it is further provided that:
A. Subject to the special rights of the holders of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock to elect directors, the directors of the Corporation shall be classified with respect to the time for which they severally hold office into three classes, designated as Class I, Class II and Class III. The initial Class I directors shall serve for a term expiring at the first annual meeting of stockholders following the IPO Time; the initial Class II directors shall serve for a term expiring at the second annual meeting of stockholders following the IPO Time; and the initial Class III directors shall serve for a term expiring at the third annual meeting of stockholders following the IPO Time. At each annual meeting of stockholders of the Corporation beginning with the first annual meeting of stockholders following the IPO Time, subject to any special rights of the holders of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock to elect directors, the successors of the class of directors whose term expires at that meeting shall be elected to hold office for a term expiring at the annual meeting of stockholders held in the third year following the year of their election. Each director shall hold office until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified or until his or her earlier death, resignation, disqualification or removal. No decrease in the number of directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent director. The Board is authorized to designate members of the Board already in office as a Class I, Class II or Class III director.
B. Except as otherwise expressly provided by the DGCL or this Restated Certificate, the business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board. The number of directors which shall constitute the whole Board shall be fixed exclusively by one or more resolutions adopted from time to time by the Board of Directors, subject to adjustment in accordance with paragraph E of this Article VI with respect to additional directors elected by the holders of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock.
C. Subject to the special rights of the holders of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock to elect directors, the Board or any individual director may be removed from office at any time, but only for cause and only by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the voting power of all of the then outstanding shares of voting stock of the Corporation entitled to vote thereon.
D. Subject to the special rights of the holders of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock to elect directors, except as otherwise provided by law, any vacancies on the Board resulting from death, resignation, disqualification, retirement, removal or other causes and any newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the number of directors shall be filled exclusively by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office, even though less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director (other than any directors elected by the separate vote of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock), and shall not be filled by the stockholders. Any director appointed in accordance with the preceding sentence shall hold office until the expiration of the term of the class to which such director shall have been appointed or until his or her earlier death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal.
E. Whenever the holders of any one or more series of Preferred Stock issued by the Corporation shall have the right, voting separately as a series or separately as a class with one or more such other series, to elect directors at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, the election, term of office, removal and other features of such directorships shall be governed by the terms of this Restated Certificate (including any Certificate of Designation relating to any such series of Preferred Stock). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Article VI, the number of directors that may be elected by the holders of any such series of Preferred Stock shall be in addition to the number fixed pursuant to paragraph B of this Article VI, and the total number of directors constituting the whole Board shall be automatically adjusted accordingly. Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Designation(s) in respect of one or more series of Preferred Stock, whenever the holders of any series of Preferred Stock having such right to elect additional directors are divested of such right pursuant to the provisions of such Certificate of Designation(s), the terms of office of all such additional directors elected by the holders of such series of Preferred Stock, or elected to fill any vacancies resulting from the death, resignation, disqualification or removal of such additional directors, shall forthwith terminate (in which case each such director thereupon shall cease to be qualified as, and shall cease to be, a director) and the total authorized number of directors of the Corporation shall automatically be reduced accordingly.
F. In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by DGCL, the Board is expressly authorized to adopt, amend or repeal Bylaws of the Corporation. In addition to any vote of the holders of any class or series of stock of the Corporation required by applicable law or by this Restated Certificate (including any Certificate of Designation relating to any such series of Preferred Stock) or the Bylaws of the Corporation, the adoption, amendment or repeal of the Bylaws of the Corporation by the stockholders of the Corporation shall require the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the voting power of all of the then outstanding shares of voting stock of the Corporation entitled to vote thereon.
G. The directors of the Corporation need not be elected by written ballot unless the Bylaws so provide.
ARTICLE VII
A. Prior to the Final Conversion Date, any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders of the Corporation may be authorized or taken by the consent of the holders of outstanding shares of voting stock having not less than the minimum voting power that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at an annual or special meeting of the stockholders. Following the Final Conversion Date, any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders of the Corporation must be effected at an annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation, and shall not be taken by written consent in lieu of a meeting. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any action required or permitted to be taken by the holders of any series of Preferred Stock, voting separately as a series or separately as a class with one or more other such series, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, to the extent expressly so provided by the applicable Certificate of Designation relating to such series of Preferred Stock, if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding shares of the relevant series of Preferred Stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted and shall be delivered to the Corporation in accordance with the applicable provisions of the DGCL.
B. Subject to the special rights of the holders of one or more series of Preferred Stock, special meetings of stockholders of the Corporation may be called, for any purpose or purposes, at any time only by or at the direction of the Board or the Chairperson of the Board, and shall not be called by any other person or persons.
C. Advance notice of stockholder nominations for the election of directors and of other business proposed to be brought by stockholders before any meeting of stockholders of the Corporation shall be given in the manner provided in the Bylaws of the Corporation.
ARTICLE VIII
Directors. To the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, a director of the Corporation shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of his or her fiduciary duty as a director, except for liability (a) for any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the Corporation or its stockholders, (b) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (c) under Section 174 of the DGCL or (d) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. If the DGCL is amended after the effective date of this Restated Certificate to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as so amended.
Officers. To the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, an Officer (as defined below) of the Corporation shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of his or her fiduciary duty as an officer of the Corporation, except for liability (a) for any breach of the Officer’s duty of loyalty to the Corporation or its stockholders, (b) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (c) for any transaction from which the Officer derived an improper personal benefit, or (d) arising from any claim brought by or in the right of the Corporation. If the DGCL is amended after the effective date of this Restated Certificate to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of Officers, then the liability of an Officer of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as so amended. For purposes of this Article VIII, “Officer” shall mean an individual who has been duly appointed as an officer of the Corporation and who, at the time of an act or omission as to which liability is asserted, is deemed to have consented to service by the delivery of process to the registered agent of the Corporation as contemplated by 10 Del. C. § 3114(b).
Amendment or Modification. Any amendment, repeal or modification of this Article VIII or any amendment to the DGCL shall not adversely affect any right or protection existing at the time of such amendment, repeal or modification with respect to any acts or omissions occurring before such amendment, repeal or modification of a person serving as a director or Officer, as applicable, at the time of such amendment, repeal or modification.
ARTICLE IX
The Corporation shall have the power to provide rights to indemnification and advancement of expenses to its current and former officers, directors, employees and agents and to any person who is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise.
ARTICLE X
Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, (a) the Court of Chancery (the “Chancery Court”) of the State of Delaware (or, in the event that the Chancery Court does not have jurisdiction, the federal district court for the District of Delaware or other state courts of the State of Delaware) shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any current or former director, officer, other employee or stockholder of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation’s stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, this Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws or as to which the DGCL confers jurisdiction on the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine of the law of the State of Delaware; and (b) the federal district courts of the United States of America shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause or causes of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, including all causes of action asserted against any defendant to such complaint.
Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in any security of the Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to this Article X. This Article X is intended to benefit and may be enforced by the Corporation, its officers and directors, the underwriters to any offering giving rise to such complaint, and any other professional or entity whose profession gives authority to a statement made by that person or entity and who has prepared or certified any part of the documents underlying the offering. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the provisions of this Article X shall not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any other claim for which the federal courts of the United States have exclusive jurisdiction.
If any provision or provisions of this Article X shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable as applied to any circumstance for any reason whatsoever, (a) the validity, legality and enforceability of such provisions in any other circumstance and of the remaining provisions of this Article X (including, without limitation, each portion of any paragraph of this Article X containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby and (b) the application of such provision to other persons or entities and circumstances shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.
ARTICLE XI
The Corporation reserves the right to amend or repeal this Restated Certificate in the manner now or hereafter prescribed by statute and this Restated Certificate, and all rights conferred upon stockholders herein are granted subject to this reservation.
Notwithstanding anything contained in this Restated Certificate to the contrary, in addition to any vote required by applicable law, the following provisions in this Restated Certificate may be amended, altered, repealed or rescinded, in whole or in part, or any provision inconsistent therewith or herewith may be adopted, only by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the total voting power of all the then outstanding shares of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote thereon, voting together as a single class: Part B of Article IV, Article VI, Article VII, Article VIII, Article IX, Article X, and this Article XI; provided, however, for so long as any shares of Class B Common Stock remain outstanding, the Corporation shall not, without the prior affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the total voting power of all the then outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock, voting as a separate series, in addition to any other vote required by law or this Restated Certificate, directly or indirectly, amend, alter, change, adopt, or repeal any provision inconsistent with Part A of Article IV, Article VI or this proviso of this paragraph of Article XI.
If any provision or provisions of this Restated Certificate shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable as applied to any circumstance for any reason whatsoever, the validity, legality and enforceability of such provisions in any other circumstance and of the remaining provisions of this Restated Certificate (including, without limitation, each portion of any paragraph of this Restated Certificate containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, in any way be affected or impaired thereby.
ARTICLE XII
The Corporation expressly elects not to be governed by Section 203 of the DGCL, as from time to time in effect or any successor provision thereto.
Exhibit 3.3
BYLAWS
OF
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
A Delaware Corporation
These Bylaws of VIDA Global Inc. (these “Bylaws”) shall govern the operation of VIDA Global Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Corporation”).
ARTICLE I
REGISTERED OFFICE
The registered office of the Corporation required by the Delaware General Corporation Law to be maintained in the State of Delaware, shall be the registered office named in the original Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, or such other office (which need not be a place of business or principal office of the Corporation) as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors in the manner provided by law.
ARTICLE II
STOCKHOLDERS
Section 1. Place of Meetings. All meetings of the stockholders shall be held at the principal office of the Corporation, or at such other place within or without the State of Delaware as shall be specified or fixed in the notices (or waivers of notice) thereof. However, the Board of Directors may, in its sole discretion, determine that the meeting shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication.
Section 2. Quorum; Required Vote for Shareholder Action; Adjournment of Meetings. Unless otherwise required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the holders of at least a majority of the stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders, present in person or represented by proxy thereat (determined based on the relative number of votes to which each share is entitled with respect to the election of directors), shall constitute a quorum at any such meeting for the transaction of business; the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of such stock so present or represented at such meeting at which a quorum is present shall constitute the act of the stockholders. The stockholders present at a duly organized meeting may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of sufficient stockholders to destroy the quorum.
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Notwithstanding other provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the chairman of the meeting of stockholders or the holders of a majority of the issued and outstanding stock, present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote thereat, whether or not a quorum is present, shall have the power to adjourn such meeting from time to time, without any notice other than announcement at the meeting of the time and place of the holding of the adjourned meeting. If the adjournment is for more than thirty (30) days, or if subsequent to the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting. At any such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented by proxy, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally called.
Section 3. Annual Meetings. An annual meeting of the stockholders, for the election of directors to succeed those whose terms expire and for the transaction of such other business as may properly be considered at the meeting, shall be held at such place, within or without the State of Delaware, on such date, and at such time as the Board of Directors shall fix and set forth in the notice of the meeting, which date shall be within thirteen (13) months subsequent to the later of the date of incorporation or the most recent annual meeting of stockholders. If the Board of Directors has not fixed a place for the holding of the annual meeting of stockholders in accordance with this Article II, Section 3, such annual meeting shall be held at the principal place of business of the Corporation. A failure to hold the annual meeting or to elect a sufficient number of directors to conduct the business of the Corporation shall not affect otherwise valid corporate acts.
Section 4. Special Meetings. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, special meetings of the stockholders for any proper purpose or purposes may be called at any time by the Chairman of the Board (if any), the Board of Directors, or the CEO (if any), the President (if any) and shall be called by the Chairman of the Board (if any), the Board of Directors, or the CEO (if any), or the President (if any) at the request in writing of a majority of the Board of Directors, or at the request in writing of stockholders owning at least fifty percent (50%) in amount of the entire capital stock of the Corporation issued and outstanding and entitled to vote. Such request shall state the purpose(s) of the proposed meeting. Business transacted at any special meeting of stockholders shall be limited to the purpose(s) stated in the notice.
Section 5. Record Date. For the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders, or any adjournment thereof, or entitled to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights with respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing such record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record shall not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days prior to the date of such meeting.
A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.
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Section 6. Notice of Meetings. Written or printed notice stating the place, if any, day and hour of the meeting, the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting, and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, shall be delivered not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days prior to the date of the meeting, either personally or by mail, by or at the direction of the President, the Secretary or the officer or person calling the meeting, to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to have been given when addressed to the stockholder, at his or her address as it appears on the share transfer records of the Corporation, postage prepaid, and deposited in the United States mail. An affidavit of the Secretary, an Assistant Secretary or the transfer agent of the Corporation that the notice has been given shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.
Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders, any notice to stockholders given by the Corporation shall be effective if given by a form of electronic transmission consented to by the stockholder to whom the notice is given. Such notice shall be deemed given (i) if by facsimile telecommunication, when directed to a number at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice; (ii) if by electronic mail, when directed to an electronic mail address at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice; (iii) if by any other form of electronic transmission when directed to the stockholder.
Section 7. Voting List. The officer or agent having charge of the share transfer records of the Corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten (10) days prior to each meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting or any adjournment thereof, arranged in alphabetical order, with the address of and the number of shares held by each, which list, for a period of ten (10) days prior to such meeting, shall be kept on file at the registered office or principal place of business of the Corporation and shall be subject to inspection by any stockholder at any time during usual business hours. Such list shall also be produced and kept open at the time and place of the meeting and shall be subject to inspection by any stockholder during the course of the meeting. The original share transfer records shall be prima facie evidence as to the identity of those stockholders entitled to examine such voting list or transfer records or to vote at any meeting of stockholders. Failure to comply with the requirements of this Article II, Section 7 shall not affect the validity of any action taken at such meeting.
Section 8. Proxies. Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders or to express consent, or dissent to a corporate action in writing without a meeting, may authorize another person or persons to act for him by proxy. Proxies for use at any meeting of stockholders shall be filed with the Secretary, or such other officer as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine by resolution, prior to or at the time of such meeting. All proxies shall be received and taken charge of and all ballots shall be received and canvassed by the secretary of the meeting who shall also decide all questions with respect to the validity of such proxies, the qualification of voters, and the acceptance or rejection of votes.
No proxy shall be valid after three (3) years from the date of its execution, unless such proxy provides for a longer period. Each proxy, unless expressly provided therein to be irrevocable and coupled with an interest sufficient in law to support an irrevocable power, shall be revocable.
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Section 9. Voting; Elections. Unless otherwise required by law or provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, each stockholder shall, on each matter submitted to a vote at a meeting of stockholders, have one vote for each share of stock entitled to vote thereon, which is registered in his or her name on the record date for such meeting. Shares registered in the name of another corporation, domestic or foreign, may be voted by such officer, agent or proxy as the Bylaws (or comparable instrument) of such corporation may prescribe, or in the absence of such provision, as the Board of Directors (or comparable body) of such corporation may determine. Shares registered in the name of a deceased person may be voted by his or her executor or administrator, either in person or by proxy.
All elections shall be determined by a plurality of the votes cast and, except as otherwise required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, all other matters shall be determined by a majority of the votes cast. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, cumulative voting for the election of directors shall be prohibited.
Section 10. Conduct of Meetings. All meetings of the stockholders shall be presided over by the chairman of the meeting, who shall be the Chairman of the Board (if any) of the Corporation, or if, he or she is not present, the President of the Corporation, or if neither the Chairman of the Board nor President is present, a chairman elected at such meeting. The Secretary (if any) of the Corporation, if present, shall act as secretary of such meetings, or if he or she is not present, an Assistant Secretary (if any) shall so act; if neither the Secretary nor an Assistant Secretary (if any) is present, then a secretary shall be appointed by the chairman of the meeting. The chairman of any meeting of stockholders shall determine the order of business and the procedure at the meeting, including such regulation of the manner of voting and the conduct of discussion, as seem to him or her in order.
Section 11. Treasury Shares. Neither the Corporation nor any other person shall vote, directly or indirectly, at any meeting of stockholders, shares of the Corporation’s own stock owned by the Corporation, shares of the Corporation’s own stock owned by another corporation the majority of the voting stock of which is owned or controlled by the Corporation, and such shares shall not be counted for quorum purposes or in determining the number of outstanding shares.
Section 12. Action by Written Consent. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, any action permitted or required to be taken at a meeting of stockholders by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted and such consent shall be delivered to the Corporation’s registered office; its principal place of business; or to an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which the proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. Delivery made to a Corporation’s registered office shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. Every written consent shall bear the date of signature thereto and no written consent shall be effective to take the corporate action referred to therein unless, within sixty (60) days of the first consent delivered to the Corporation in the manner required by this Article II, Section 12, written consents signed by a sufficient number of holders to take action are delivered to the Corporation. Any copy, facsimile or other reliable reproduction of a consent in writing may be substituted or used in lieu of the original writing for any and all purposes for which the original writing could be used, provided that such copy, facsimile or other reproduction shall be a complete reproduction of the entire original writing.
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Electronic transmission consenting to an action to be taken and transmitted by a stockholder or proxy holder or by a person or persons authorized to act for a stockholder or proxy holder shall be deemed to be written, signed and dated for the purposes of this section, provided that such electronic transmission sets forth or is delivered with information from which the Corporation can determine (i) that the electronic transmission was transmitted by the stockholder or proxy holder or by a person or persons authorized to act for the stockholder or proxy holder and (ii) the date on which such stockholder or proxy holder or authorized person or persons transmitted such electronic transmission.
Prompt notice of the taking of corporate action without a meeting, by less than a unanimous written consent, shall be given by the Secretary to those stockholders who did not consent in writing.
ARTICLE III
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Section 1. Power; Number; Term of Office. The powers of the Corporation shall be exercised by or under the authority of, and the business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed under, the direction of the Board of Directors.
Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, the number of directors that shall constitute the Board of Directors shall be determined from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors or by the stockholders at an annual meeting of the stockholders (provided that no decrease in the number of directors that would have the effect of shortening the term of any incumbent director may be made by the Board of Directors). With the exception of the first Board of Directors, which shall be elected by the incorporator, and except as provided in the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation or in this Article III, the directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of the stockholders by a plurality vote of the shares represented in person or by proxy (except as otherwise provided in any agreement among the stockholders of the Corporation) and each director elected shall hold office until his successor is elected and qualified unless he shall resign, become disqualified, disabled, or otherwise removed.
Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, directors need not be stockholders or residents of the State of Delaware.
Section 2. Quorum; Required Vote for Director Action. Unless otherwise required by law or provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, a majority of the total number of directors fixed by or in the manner provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at a meeting of the Board of Directors, and the act of a majority of the directors present at such meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors.
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Section 3. Meetings; Order of Business. The directors may hold their meetings and may have an office and keep the books of the Corporation, except as otherwise provided by law, in such place or places, within or without the State of Delaware, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine by resolution. At all meetings of the Board of Directors business shall be transacted in such order as shall from time to time be determined by the Chairman of the Board (if any) or in his or her absence by the President (if the President is a director) or by resolution of the Board of Directors.
Section 4. First Meeting. In connection with any annual meeting of stockholders at which directors are elected the Board of Directors may, if a quorum is present, hold its first meeting for the transaction of business immediately after and at the place of such annual meeting of the stockholders. Notice of such meeting, at such time and place, shall not be required.
Section 5. Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held at such times and places as shall be designated from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors. Notice of such regular meetings shall not be required.
Section 6. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by the Chairman of the Board, the President or, upon written request of any two directors, by the Secretary, in each case on at least twenty-four (24) hours personal, written, telegraphic, cable, wireless or electronic transmission notice to each director. Such notice, or any waiver thereof pursuant to Article VIII, Section 3 hereof, need not state this purpose or purposes of such meeting, except as may otherwise be required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws.
Section 7. Removal. Any one or more directors or the entire Board of Directors may be removed, with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of the shares then entitled to vote at an election of directors for the particular directors being removed; provided that, unless the Certificate of Incorporation otherwise provides, if the Board of Directors is classified, then the stockholders may effect such removal only for cause; and provided further that, if the Certificate of Incorporation expressly grants to stockholders the right to cumulate votes for the election of directors and if less than the entire board is to be removed, no director may be removed without cause if the votes cast against his or her removal would be sufficient to elect him if then cumulatively voted at an election of the entire Board of Directors or, if there be classes of directors, at an election of the class of directors of which such director is a part.
Section 8. Vacancies; Increases in the Number of Directors. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors elected by all of the stockholders having the right to vote as a single class may be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. If the Certificate of Incorporation entitles the holders of any class or classes of stock or series thereof to elect one (1) or more directors, vacancies and newly created directorships of such class or classes or series may be filled by a majority of the directors elected by such class or classes or series thereof then in office, or by a sole remaining director so elected.
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If the directors of the Corporation are divided into classes, any directors elected to fill vacancies or newly created directorships shall hold office until the next election of the class for which such directors shall have been chosen, and until their successors shall be duly elected and shall qualify.
Section 9. Compensation. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, the Board of Directors shall have the authority to fix the compensation, if any, of directors.
Section 10. Action Without a Meeting; Telephone Conference Meeting. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors, or any committee designated by the Board of Directors, may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board of Directors or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing, or by electronic transmission, and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or committee. Such consent shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form. Such consents shall have the same force and effect as a unanimous vote at a meeting, and may be stated as such in any document or instrument filed with the Secretary of State of Delaware.
Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, subject to the requirement for notice of such meetings, members of the Board of Directors, or members of any committee designated by the Board of Directors, may participate in a meeting of such Board of Directors or committee, as the case may be, by means of a conference telephone or similar communications equipment, by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in such meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting, except where a person participates in the meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the ground that the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.
Section 11. Advisory Board. The Board of Directors may appoint an advisory board (the “Advisory Board”) consisting of up to five (5) persons, who need not be Stockholders or members of the Board of Directors of the Corporation, and who need not reside in the State of Delaware. The Advisory Board will meet with the Board of Directors at such times as the Board of Directors may determine and shall advise the Board of Directors on the business affairs of the Corporation as shall have such other duties as determined from time to time by the Board of Directors. The Advisory Board members will not have any right to vote on matters brought to the Board of Directors or Stockholders, except in their capacity as individual Directors or Stockholders if applicable. Each Advisory Board member will serve for such term as is determined by the Board of Directors. Advisory Board members may be removed at any time and for any reason by the Board of Directors.
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ARTICLE IV
COMMITTEES
Section 1. Designation; Powers. The Board of Directors may, by resolution passed by a majority of the whole board, designate one or more committees, including an Executive Committee, Audit Committee, and Nominating Committee, each such committee consisting of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. Any such designated committee shall have and may exercise such of the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation as may be provided in such resolution, except that no such committee shall have the power or authority of the Board of Directors with regard to amending the Certificate of Incorporation (except that a committee may, to the extent authorized by the Certificate of Incorporation and the Delaware General Corporation Law, fix certain terms of stock to be issued by the Corporation), adopting an agreement of merger or consolidation, recommending to the stockholders the sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of the Corporation’s property and assets, recommending to the stockholders a dissolution of the Corporation or a revocation of a dissolution of the Corporation, or amending, altering or repealing the Bylaws or adopting new Bylaws for the Corporation; unless such resolution or the Certificate of Incorporation expressly so provides, no such committee shall have the power or authority to declare a dividend, to authorize the issuance of stock or to adopt a certificate of ownership and merger pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law. In addition, such committee or committees shall have such other powers and limitations of authority as may be determined from time to time by resolution adopted by the Board of Directors.
Section 2. Procedure; Meetings; Quorum. Any committee designated pursuant to Article IV, Section 1 hereof shall choose its own chairman and secretary, shall keep regular minutes of its proceedings and report the same to the Board of Directors when requested, shall fix its own rules and procedures, and shall meet at such times and at such place or places as may be provided by such rules or procedures, or by resolution of such committee or Board of Directors. At every meeting of any such committee, the presence of a majority of all the members thereof shall constitute a quorum, except as provided in Section 3 of this Article IV, and the affirmative vote of a majority of the members present shall be necessary for the adoption of any resolution.
ARTICLE V
OFFICERS
Section 1. Number, Titles and Term of Office. The officers of the Corporation may consist of a President, one or more Vice Presidents (any one or more of whom may be designated Executive Vice President or Senior Vice President), a Treasurer, a Secretary and, if the Board of Directors so elects, a Chairman of the Board, a Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), and such other officers as the Board of Directors may from time to time elect or appoint. Each officer shall hold office until his or her successor shall be duly elected and shall qualify or until his or her death or until he or she shall resign or shall have been removed in the manner hereinafter provided. Any number of offices may be held by the same person, unless the Certificate of Incorporation provides otherwise. Except for the Chairman of the Board, if any, no officer need be a director.
Section 2. Salaries. The salaries or other compensation, if any, of the officers and agents of the Corporation shall be fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors.
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Section 3. Removal. Any officer or agent elected or appointed by the Board of Directors may be removed, either with or without cause, by the vote of a majority of the whole Board of Directors at any regular meeting, or at a special meeting called for such purpose, provided the notice for such meeting shall specify that such proposed removal will be considered at the meeting; and provided further that such removal shall be without prejudice to the contractual rights, if any, of the person so removed. Election or appointment of an officer or agent shall not of itself create contractual rights.
Section 4. Vacancies. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Corporation may be filled by the Board of Directors.
Section 5. Powers and Duties of the Chief Executive Officer. The CEO (if any), shall be the chief executive officer of the Corporation. Subject to the control of the Board of Directors, the CEO shall have general executive charge, management and control of the properties, business and operations of the Corporation with all such powers as may be reasonably incident to such responsibilities; he or she may agree upon and execute all leases, contracts, evidences of indebtedness and other obligations in the name of the Corporation and may sign all certificates for shares of capital stock of the Corporation; and he or she shall have such other powers and duties as designated in accordance with these Bylaws and as may be assigned to him or her from time to time by the Board of Directors. The CEO will preside at all meetings of the stockholders in absence of a Chairman of the Board.
Section 6. Powers and Duties of the Chairman of the Board. The Chairman of the Board (if any) shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors; and he or she shall have such other powers and duties as designated in accordance with these Bylaws and as may be assigned to him or her from time to time by the Board of Directors.
Section 7. Powers and Duties of the President. Unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors or the CEO, the President (if any) shall have the authority to agree upon and execute all leases, contracts, evidences of indebtedness and other obligations in the name of the Corporation and he or she shall, in the absence of the Chairman of the Board or the CEO or if there be no Chairman of the Board and CEO, preside at all meetings of the stockholders and (if a director) of the Board of Directors; and the President shall have such other powers and duties as designated in accordance with these Bylaws and as may be assigned to him from time to time by the Board of Directors or the CEO.
Section 8. Vice Presidents. Each Vice President (if any) shall perform such duties and have such powers as the Board of Directors, the CEO, or President may from time to time prescribe. In addition, in the absence of the President, or in the event of his or her inability or refusal to act, a Vice President designated by the Board of Directors, the CEO, or President or, in the absence of such designation, the Vice President who is present and who is senior in terms of time as a Vice President of the Corporation, shall perform the duties of the President, as the case may be, and when so acting shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the President, as the case may be; provided, however, that such Vice President shall not preside at meetings of the Board of Directors unless he is a director.
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Section 9. Treasurer. The Treasurer (if any) shall have responsibility for the custody and control of all the funds and securities of the Corporation, and he or she shall have such other powers and duties as designated in accordance with these Bylaws and as may be prescribed from time to time by the Board of Directors. He or she shall perform all acts incident to the position of Treasurer, subject to the control of the CEO and the Board of Directors; the Treasurer shall, if required by the Board of Directors, give such bond for the faithful discharge of his or her duties in such form as the Board of Directors may require.
Section 10. Assistant Treasurers. Each Assistant Treasurer (if any) shall have the usual powers and duties pertaining to the office, together with such other powers and duties as designated in accordance with these Bylaws and as may be prescribed from time to time by the Treasurer, the chief executive officer or the Board of Directors. The Assistant Treasurers shall exercise the powers of the Treasurer during the Treasurer’s absence or inability or refusal to act.
Section 11. Secretary. The Secretary (if any) shall keep the minutes of all meetings of the Board of Directors, committees of directors and of the stockholders in books provided for such purpose; he or she shall give and serve all notices; he or she may, in the name of the Corporation, affix the seal of the Corporation to all contracts of the Corporation and attest thereto; he or she may sign with the other appointed officers all certificates for shares of capital stock of the Corporation; he or she shall have charge of the certificate books, transfer books and stock ledgers, and such other books and papers as the Board of Directors may direct, all of which shall at all reasonable times be open to inspection by any director upon application at the office of the Corporation during business hours; he or she shall have such other powers and duties as designated in accordance with these Bylaws and as may be prescribed from time to time by the Board of Directors; and he or she shall in general perform all acts incident to the office of Secretary, subject to the control of the CEO and the Board of Directors.
Section 12. Assistant Secretaries. Each Assistant Secretary (if any) shall have the usual powers and duties pertaining to the office, together with such other powers and duties as designated in accordance with these Bylaws and as may be prescribed from time to time by the chief executive officer, the Board of Directors or the Secretary. The Assistant Secretaries shall exercise the powers of the Secretary during the Secretary’s absence or inability or refusal to act.
Section 13. Action with Respect to Securities of Other Companies. Unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, the CEO shall have the power to vote and to otherwise act on behalf of the Corporation, in person or by proxy, at any meeting of security holders of any other corporation, or with respect to any action of security holders thereof, in which this Corporation may hold securities and otherwise to exercise any and all rights and powers which this Corporation may possess by reason of its ownership of securities in such other corporation.
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ARTICLE VI
INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS
OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS
Section 1. Right to Indemnification. Subject to the limitations and conditions as provided in this Article VI, each person who was or is made a party to or is threatened to be made a party to or is involved in any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, arbitrative or investigative (hereinafter a “proceeding”), or any appeal in such a proceeding or any inquiry or investigation that could lead to such a proceeding, by reason of the fact that he or she, or a person for whom he or she is the legal representative, is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or while a director or officer of the Corporation is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, partner, venturer, proprietor, trustee, employee, agent, or similar functionary of another foreign or domestic corporation, partnership, joint venture, sole proprietorship, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, shall be indemnified by the Corporation to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the Corporation to provide greater indemnification rights than said law permitted the Corporation to provide prior to such amendment) against judgments, penalties (including excise and similar taxes and punitive damages), fines, settlements and reasonable expenses (including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees) actually incurred by such person in connection with such proceeding, and indemnification under this Article VI shall continue as to a person who has ceased to serve in the capacity which initially entitled such person to indemnity hereunder. The rights granted pursuant to this Article VI shall be deemed contractual rights, and no amendment, modification or repeal of this Article VI shall have the effect of limiting or denying any such rights with respect to actions taken or proceedings arising prior to any such amendment, modification or repeal. It is expressly acknowledged that the indemnification conferred in this Article VI could involve indemnification for negligence of the indemnified party or under theories of strict liability.
Section 2. Advance Payment. The right to indemnification conferred in this Article VI shall include the right to be paid or reimbursed by the Corporation for the reasonable expenses incurred by a person of the type entitled to be indemnified under Section 1 hereof who was, is or is threatened to be made a named defendant or respondent in a proceeding in advance of the final disposition of the proceeding and without any determination as to the person’s ultimate entitlement to indemnification; provided, however, that the payment of such expenses incurred by any such person in advance of the final disposition of a proceeding shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of a written affirmation by such director or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification under this Article VI and a written undertaking, by or on behalf of such person, to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that such indemnified person is not entitled to be indemnified under this Article VI or otherwise.
Section 3. Indemnification of Employees and Agents. The Corporation, by adoption of a resolution of the Board of Directors, may indemnify and advance expenses to an employee or agent of the Corporation to the same extent and subject to the same conditions that it is required to indemnify and advance expenses to directors and officers under this Article VI; the Corporation may indemnify and advance expenses to persons who are not or were not directors, officers, employees or agents of the Corporation, but who are or were serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, partner, venturer, proprietor, trustee, employee, agent or similar functionary of another foreign or domestic corporation, partnership, joint venture, sole proprietorship, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise against any liability asserted against him and incurred by him in such a capacity or arising out of his or her status as such a person to the same extent that it may indemnify and advance expenses to directors or officers under this Article VI.
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Section 4. Appearance as a Witness. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Article VI, the Corporation may pay or reimburse expenses incurred by a director or officer in connection with his or her appearance as a witness or other participation in a proceeding at a time when he or she is not a named defendant or respondent in the proceeding.
Section 5. Nonexclusivity of Rights. The right to indemnification and advancement and payment of expenses conferred in this Article VI shall not be exclusive of any other right which a director or officer or other person indemnified pursuant to Article VI, Section 3 hereof, may have or hereafter acquire under any law, provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws, any agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors otherwise.
Section 6. Insurance. The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance, at its expense, to protect itself and any person who is or was serving as a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, partner, venturer, proprietor, trustee, employee, agent or similar functionary of another foreign or domestic corporation, partnership, joint venture, proprietorship, employee benefit plan, trust or other enterprise against any expense, liability or loss, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such expense, liability or loss under this Article VI.
Section 7. Savings Clause. If this Article VI or any portion hereof shall be invalidated on any grounds by any court of competent jurisdiction, then the Corporation shall nevertheless indemnify and hold harmless each director, officer or any other person required to be indemnified in accordance with this Article VI as to costs, charges and expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement with respect to any proceeding, to the full extent permitted by any applicable and valid portion of this Article VI to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law.
ARTICLE VII
CAPITAL STOCK
Section 1. Certificates of Stock. The shares of the capital stock of the Corporation shall be represented by certificates, provided, however, that the Board of Directors may determine by resolution that some or all of any or all the classes or series of the Corporation’s stock shall be uncertificated shares. Any such resolution shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the Corporation. Every holder of stock represented by certificates shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by, or in the name of the name of the Corporation by the Chairman of the Board of Directors (if any) or the President or Vice President (if any), and by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer (if any), or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary (if any) of the Corporation representing the number of shares registered in certificate form. Any or all the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, such certificate may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such person were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.
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Section 2. Transfer of Shares. The shares of stock of the Corporation shall only be transferable on the books of the Corporation by the holders thereof in person or by their duly authorized attorneys or legal representatives, upon surrender and cancellation of certificates for a like number of shares (or upon compliance with the provisions of Article VII, Section 5, hereof, if applicable). Upon surrender to the Corporation or a transfer agent of a certificate for shares duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer (or upon compliance with the provisions of Article VII, Section 5 hereof, if applicable) and of compliance with any transfer restrictions applicable thereto contained in any agreement to which the Corporation is a party, or of which the Corporation has knowledge by reason of a legend with respect thereto placed upon any such surrendered stock certificate, it shall be the duty of the Corporation to issue a new certificate to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate and record the transaction upon its books.
Section 3. Ownership of Shares. The Corporation shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any share or shares of capital stock of the Corporation as the owner in fact thereof at that time for purposes of voting such shares, receiving distributions thereon or notices in respect thereof, transferring such shares, exercising rights of dissent, exercising or waiving any preemptive rights, or giving proxies with respect to such shares; and, neither the Corporation nor any of its officers, directors, employees, or agents shall be liable for regarding that person as the owner of those shares at that time for those purposes, regardless of whether or not that person possesses a certificate for those shares.
Section 4. Regulations Regarding Certificates. The Board of Directors shall have the power and authority to make all such rules and regulations as it may deem expedient concerning the issue, transfer and registration or the replacement of certificates for shares of capital stock of the Corporation.
Section 5. Lost, Stolen, Destroyed or Mutilated Certificates. The Board of Directors may determine the conditions upon which a new certificate of stock may be issued in place of any certificate which is alleged to have been lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated; and may, in its discretion, require the owner of such certificate or his or her legal representative to give bond, with sufficient surety, to indemnify the Corporation and each transfer agent and registrar against any and all losses or claims which may arise by reason of the issuance of a new certificate in the place of the one so lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated.
ARTICLE VIII
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
Section 1. Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be such as established from time to time by the Board of Directors.
Section 2. Corporate Seal. The Board of Directors may provide a suitable seal containing the name of the Corporation. The Secretary shall have charge of the seal (if any). If and when so directed by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof, duplicates of the seal may be kept and used by the Treasurer or by the Assistant Secretary or Assistant Treasurer.
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Section 3. Notice and Waiver of Notice. Whenever any notice is required to be given by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, except with respect to notices of meetings of stockholders (with respect to which the provisions of Article II, Section 6 hereof apply) and except with respect to notices of special meetings of directors (with respect to which the provisions of Article III, Section 6 hereof apply) said notice shall be deemed to be sufficient if given (i) by telegraphic, cable or wireless or electronic transmission or (ii) by deposit of such postage prepaid notice, in a post office box addressed to the person entitled thereto at his or her address as it appears on the records of the Corporation. Such notice shall be deemed to have been given on the day of such transmission or mailing, as the case may be.
Whenever notice is required to be given by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, a written waiver thereof, signed by the person entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person, including without limitation a director, at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of such meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders, directors, or a committee of directors need be specified in any written waiver of notice, unless so required by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws.
Section 4. Resignations. Any director, member of a committee or officer may resign at any time. Such resignation shall be made in writing and shall take effect at the time specified therein, or if no time be specified, at the time of its receipt by the CEO, President or Secretary. The acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary for its effectiveness, unless expressly so provided in the resignation.
Section 5. Facsimile Signatures. In addition to the provisions for the use of facsimile signatures specifically authorized elsewhere in these Bylaws, facsimile signatures of any officer or officers of the Corporation may be used as determined by the Board of Directors.
Section 6. Reliance upon Books, Reports and Records. A member of the Board of Directors, or a member of any committee thereof, shall be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the records of the Corporation and upon such information, opinions, reports or statements presented to the Corporation by any of its officers or employees, or committees of the Board of Directors, or by any other person as to matters the director reasonably believes are within such other person’s professional or expert competence and who has been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the Corporation, as to the value and amount of the assets, liabilities and/or net profits of the Corporation, or any other facts pertinent to the existence and amount of surplus or other funds from which dividends might properly be declared and paid, or with which the Corporation’s stock might properly be purchased or redeemed.
ARTICLE IX
AMENDMENTS
The original or other Bylaws of the Corporation may be adopted, amended or repealed by the incorporators, by the initial directors if they are named in the Certificate of Incorporation, or, before the Corporation has received any payment for any of its stock, by its Board of Directors. After the Corporation has received any payment for any of its stock, the power to adopt, amend or repeal these Bylaws shall reside in the stockholders entitled to vote; provided, however, the Corporation may, in the Certificate of Incorporation, confer the power to adopt, amend or repeal these Bylaws upon the directors. The fact that such power has been so conferred upon the directors, shall not divest the stockholders of the power, nor limit their power to adopt, amend or repeal Bylaws.
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Exhibit 3.4
AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS
OF
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
(A DELAWARE CORPORATION)
ARTICLE
I
STOCKHOLDERS
1.1 Place of Meetings. All meetings of stockholders shall be held at such place, if any, as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of VIDA Global Inc. (the “Corporation”), the Chairman of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer or, if not so designated, at the principal office of the Corporation. The Board may, in its sole discretion, determine that a meeting shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication in accordance with Section 211(a)(2) of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”).
1.2 Annual Meeting. The annual meeting of stockholders for the election of directors to succeed those whose terms expire and for the transaction of such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting shall be held on a date and at a time designated by the Board, the Chairman of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer. The Company may postpone, recess, reschedule or cancel any previously scheduled annual meeting of stockholders.
1.3 Special Meetings. Special meetings of stockholders for any purpose or purposes may be called solely in the manner set forth in the Company’s Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended and/or restated from time to time (the “Certificate of Incorporation”). The Company may postpone, recess, reschedule or cancel any previously scheduled special meeting of stockholders. Business transacted at any special meeting of stockholders shall be limited to matters relating to the purpose or purposes stated in the notice of meeting.
1.4 Notice of Meetings. Except as otherwise provided by law, notice of each meeting of stockholders, whether annual or special, shall be given not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting as of the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting. The notices of all meetings shall state the place, if any, date and time of the meeting, the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxyholders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting, and the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting (if such date is different from the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting). The notice of a special meeting shall state, in addition, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called.
1.5 Voting List. The Corporation shall prepare, no later than the tenth (10th) day before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting (provided, however, if the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote is less than ten (10) days before the date of the meeting, the list shall reflect the stockholders entitled to vote as of the tenth day before the meeting date), arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, for a period of ten (10) days ending on the day before the meeting date: (a) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting, or (b) during ordinary business hours, at the principal place of business of the Corporation. Except as otherwise provided by law, the stock ledger shall presumptively determine the identity of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting and the number of shares held by each of them.
1.6 Quorum. Except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the holders of one-third of the voting power of the shares of the capital stock of the Corporation issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person, present by means of remote communication in a manner, if any, authorized by the Board in its sole discretion, or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business; provided, however, that where a separate vote by a class or classes or series of capital stock is required by law or the Certificate of Incorporation, the holders of a majority in voting power of the shares of such class or classes or series of the capital stock of the Corporation issued and outstanding and entitled to vote on such matter, present in person, present by means of remote communication in a manner, if any, authorized by the Board in its sole discretion, or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum entitled to take action with respect to the vote on such matter. A quorum, once established at a meeting, shall not be broken by the withdrawal of enough votes to leave less than a quorum.
1.7 Adjournments. Any meeting of stockholders, annual or special, may be adjourned from time to time to any other time and to any other place at which a meeting of stockholders may be held under these Bylaws by the Board, the chairman of the meeting or, if directed to be voted on by the chairman of the meeting, by the stockholders present or represented at the meeting and entitled to vote thereon, although less than a quorum. Notice need not be given of any such adjourned meeting if the time and place thereof are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken or are provided in any other manner permitted by the DGCL. If the adjournment is for more than thirty (30) days, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting. If after the adjournment a new record date for determination of stockholders entitled to vote is fixed for the adjourned meeting, the Board shall fix as the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of such adjourned meeting the same or an earlier date as that fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting, and shall give notice of the adjourned meeting to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting as of the record date so fixed for notice of such adjourned meeting. At the adjourned meeting, the Corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting.
1.8 Proxies. Each stockholder of record entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders may vote in person (including by means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting) or may authorize another person or persons to vote for such stockholder by a proxy executed or transmitted in a manner permitted by applicable law. No such proxy shall be voted upon after three years from its date, unless the proxy expressly provides for a longer period. A proxy shall be irrevocable if it states that it is irrevocable and if, and only as long as, it is coupled with an interest sufficient in law to support an irrevocable power. A stockholder may revoke any proxy which is not irrevocable by attending the meeting and voting in person or by delivering to the Secretary of the Corporation a revocation of the proxy or a new proxy bearing a later date.
1.9 Action at Meeting. When a quorum is present at any meeting, any matter other than the election of directors to be voted upon by the stockholders at such meeting shall be decided by a majority of the votes cast affirmatively or negatively on such matter by the holders of all of the outstanding shares of capital stock present or represented at the meeting and entitled to vote thereon (or if any class or series of stock is entitled to vote as a separate class or series, then in the case of each such class or series, by a majority of the votes cast affirmatively or negatively on such matter by the holders of all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of that class or series present or represented at the meeting and entitled to vote thereon), except when a different vote is required by express provision of applicable law, regulation applicable to the Corporation or its securities, the rules or regulations of any stock exchange applicable to the Corporation, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, in which case such express provisions shall govern. Voting at meetings of stockholders need not be by written ballot. At all meetings of stockholders for the election of directors at which a quorum is present a plurality of the votes cast shall be sufficient to elect directors.
Section 1.10. Notice of Stockholder Business and Nominations.
(A) Annual Meetings of Stockholders. (1) Nominations of persons for election to the Board and the proposal of other business to be considered by the stockholders may be made at an annual meeting of stockholders only (a) pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto), (b) by or at the direction of the Board or authorized committee thereof or (c) by any stockholder of the Corporation who was a stockholder of record of the Corporation at the time the notice provided for in this Section 1.10 is delivered to the Secretary of the Corporation, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 1.10.
(2) For any nominations or other business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to clause (c) of paragraph (A)(1) of this Section 1.10, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation and any such proposed business (other than the nominations of persons for election to the Board) must constitute a proper matter for stockholder action. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the ninetieth (90th) day, nor earlier than the one hundred twentieth (120th) day, prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting (which preceding year’s annual meeting shall, for purposes of the Corporation’s first annual meeting after the Corporation’s shares are first publicly traded, be deemed to have occurred on June 1, 2026); provided, however, that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is more than thirty (30) days before or more than seventy (70) days after such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder must be so delivered not earlier than the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such annual meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made by the Corporation. In no event shall the public announcement of an adjournment, recess or postponement of an annual meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above. The number of nominees a stockholder may nominate for election at the annual meeting on its own behalf (or in the case of one or more stockholders giving the notice on behalf of a beneficial owner, the number of nominees such stockholders may collectively nominate for election at the annual meeting on behalf of such beneficial owner) shall not exceed the number of directors to be elected at such annual meeting. Such stockholder’s notice shall set forth: (a) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election as a director (i) all information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for election of directors in an election contest, or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to and in accordance with Section 14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, (ii) such person’s written consent to being named in the Corporation’s proxy statement and accompanying proxy card and to serving as a director if elected, (iii) a questionnaire completed and signed by such person (in the form to be provided by the Secretary upon written request of any stockholder of record within ten (10) days of such request) with respect to the background, qualification and independence of such proposed nominee and (iv) a written representation and agreement (in the form to be provided by the Secretary upon written request of any stockholder of record within ten (10) days of such request) that such proposed nominee (A) is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or understanding with, and has not given any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such proposed nominee, if elected as a director of the Corporation, will act or vote on any issue or question that has not been disclosed to the Corporation or that could limit or interfere with such proposed nominee’s fiduciary duties under applicable law, (B) is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement or indemnification in connection with service or action as a director of the Corporation that has not been disclosed to the Corporation, and (C) would be in compliance, if elected as a director of the Corporation, and will comply with, all applicable publicly disclosed corporate governance, code of conduct and ethics, conflict of interest, confidentiality, corporate opportunities, trading and any other policies and guidelines of the Corporation applicable to directors; (b) as to any other business that the stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the text of the proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration and in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend the Bylaws of the Corporation, the language of the proposed amendment), the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting and any material interest in such business of such stockholder and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made; (c) as to the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on the Corporation’s books, and of such beneficial owner; (d) as to the stockholder giving the notice, a representation that the stockholder is a holder of record of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote at such meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to propose such business or nomination; (e) as to the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made, and any of their respective affiliates or associates (such affiliates or associates, the “Stockholder Related Persons”) (i) the class or series and number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation which are owned beneficially and of record by such stockholder, beneficial owner and Stockholder Related Persons, including any shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation as to which such stockholder, beneficial owner or Stockholder Related Persons have a right to acquire beneficial ownership at any time in the future, (ii) a description of any agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any derivative or short positions, profit interests, options, warrants, convertible securities, stock appreciation or similar rights, hedging transactions, and borrowed or loaned shares) that has been entered into as of the date of the stockholder’s notice by, or on behalf of, such stockholder, beneficial owners and Stockholder Related Persons, whether or not such instrument or right shall be subject to settlement in underlying shares of capital stock of the Corporation, the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss to, manage risk or benefit of share price changes for, or increase or decrease the voting power of, such stockholder, beneficial owner or Stockholder Related Persons, with respect to securities of the Corporation, (iii) any other information relating to such stockholder, beneficial owner or Stockholder Related Persons, if any, required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for, as applicable, the proposal and/or for the election of directors in an election contest pursuant to and in accordance with Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, (iv) a description of any proxy (other than a revocable proxy given in response to a public proxy solicitation made pursuant to, and in accordance with, the Exchange Act), agreement, arrangement or understanding pursuant to which such stockholder, beneficial owner or Stockholder Related Persons have or share a right, directly or indirectly, to vote any shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation, (v) a description of any agreement, arrangement or understanding with respect to any rights to dividends or other distributions on the shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation, directly or indirectly, owned beneficially by such stockholder, beneficial owner or Stockholder Related Persons that are separated or separable pursuant to such agreement, arrangement or understanding from the underlying shares of the Corporation, (vi) a description of any agreement, arrangement or understanding with respect to the nomination or proposal between or among such stockholder and/or such beneficial owner, Stockholder Related Persons, and any other person, including, in the case of a nomination, the nominee, including any agreements, arrangements or understandings relating to any compensation or payments to be paid to any such proposed nominee(s), pertaining to the nomination(s) or other business proposed to be brought before the meeting of stockholders (which description shall identify the name of each other person who is party to such an agreement, arrangement or understanding), and (vii) a representation whether such stockholder, beneficial owner or any Stockholder Related Person intends or is part of a group which intends (A) to deliver a proxy statement and/or form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the Corporation’s outstanding capital stock required to approve or adopt the proposal or elect the nominee, (B) otherwise to solicit proxies or votes in support of such proposal or nomination, and/or (C) to solicit proxies in support of any proposed nominee in accordance with Rule 14a-19 promulgated under the Exchange Act (the disclosures to be made pursuant to the foregoing clauses (c) through (e) are referred to as “Disclosable Interests”); provided, however, that Disclosable Interests shall not include any such disclosures with respect to the ordinary course business activities of any broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee who otherwise would be required to disclose Disclosable Interests hereunder solely as a result of being the stockholder directed to prepare and submit the notice required by this Section 1.10 on behalf of a beneficial owner. The foregoing notice requirements of paragraph (A) of this Section 1.10 shall be deemed satisfied by a stockholder with respect to business other than a nomination if the stockholder has notified the Corporation of his, her or its intention to present a proposal at an annual meeting in compliance with applicable rules and regulations promulgated under the Exchange Act and such stockholder’s proposal has been included in a proxy statement that has been prepared by the Corporation to solicit proxies for such annual meeting. The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as the Corporation may reasonably require to determine whether such proposed nominee is qualified under the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws, the rules or regulations of any stock exchange applicable to the Corporation, or any law or regulation applicable to the Corporation to serve as a director and/or independent director of the Corporation.
(3) Notwithstanding anything in the second sentence of paragraph (A)(2) of this Section 1.10 to the contrary, in the event that the number of directors to be elected to the Board at the annual meeting is increased effective after the time period for which nominations would otherwise be due under paragraph (A)(2) of this Section 1.10 and there is no public announcement by the Corporation naming the nominees for the additional directorships at least one hundred (100) days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting, a stockholder’s notice required by this Section 1.10 shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for the additional directorships, if it shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which such public announcement is first made by the Corporation.
(B) Special Meetings of Stockholders. Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting. Nominations of persons for election to the Board may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting (1) by or at the direction of the Board or any authorized committee thereof or (2) provided that the Board has determined that directors shall be elected at such meeting, by any stockholder of the Corporation who is a stockholder of record at the time the notice provided for in this Section 1.10 is delivered to the Secretary of the Corporation, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and upon such election and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 1.10. The number of nominees a stockholder may nominate for election at the special meeting at which directors are to be elected on its own behalf (or in the case of one or more stockholders giving the notice on behalf of a beneficial owner, the number of nominees such stockholders may collectively nominate for election at the special meeting on behalf of such beneficial owner) shall not exceed the number of directors to be elected at such special meeting. In the event a special meeting of stockholders is duly called for the purpose of electing one or more directors to the Board, any such stockholder entitled to vote in such election of directors may nominate a person or persons (as the case may be) for election to such position(s) as specified in the Corporation’s notice of meeting, if the stockholder’s notice required by paragraph (A)(2) of this Section 1.10 shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not earlier than the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to such special meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such special meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which the Corporation first makes a public announcement of the date of the special meeting at which directors are to be elected. In no event shall the public announcement of an adjournment, recess or postponement of a special meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.
(C) General. (1) Except as otherwise expressly provided in any applicable rule or regulation promulgated under the Exchange Act, only such persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 1.10 shall be eligible to be elected at an annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation to serve as directors and only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 1.10. Except as otherwise provided by law, at any meeting of stockholders the chairperson of the meeting (or, in advance of any meeting of stockholders, the Board or an authorized committee thereof) shall (a) determine whether a nomination or any business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made or proposed, as the case may be, in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 1.10 (including whether the stockholder, beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made, or any Stockholder Related Person solicited (or is part of a group which solicited) or did not so solicit, as the case may be, proxies or votes in support of such stockholder’s nominee or proposal in compliance with such stockholder’s representation as required by clause (A)(2)(e)(viii) of this Section 1.10) and (b) if any proposed nomination or business was not made or proposed in compliance with this Section 1.10, declare that such nomination shall be disregarded or that such proposed business shall not be transacted. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1.10, unless otherwise required by law, if the stockholder (or a qualified representative of the stockholder) does not appear at the annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation to present a nomination or proposed business advanced by such stockholder, such nomination shall be disregarded and such proposed business shall not be transacted, notwithstanding that such proposal or nomination is set forth in the notice of meeting or other proxy materials and notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation. For purposes of this Section 1.10, to be considered a qualified representative of the stockholder, a person must be a duly authorized officer, manager or partner of such stockholder or must be authorized by a writing executed by such stockholder or an electronic transmission delivered by such stockholder to act for such stockholder as proxy at the meeting of stockholders and such person must produce such writing or electronic transmission, or a reliable reproduction of the writing or electronic transmission, at the meeting of stockholders. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in these Bylaws, unless otherwise required by law, if any stockholder, beneficial owner or Stockholder Related Person (i) provides notice pursuant to Rule 14a-19(b) promulgated under the Exchange Act with respect to any proposed nominee and (ii) subsequently fails to comply with the requirements of Rule 14a-19 promulgated under the Exchange Act (or fails to timely provide reasonable evidence sufficient to satisfy the Corporation that such stockholder has met the requirements of Rule 14a-19(a)(3) promulgated under the Exchange Act in accordance with the following sentence), then the nomination of each such proposed nominee shall be disregarded, notwithstanding that the nominee is included as a nominee in the Corporation’s proxy statement, notice of meeting or other proxy materials for any annual meeting (or any supplement thereto) and notwithstanding that proxies or votes in respect of the election of such proposed nominees may have been received by the Corporation (which proxies and votes shall be disregarded). If any stockholder, beneficial owner or Stockholder Related Person provides notice pursuant to Rule 14a-19(b) promulgated under the Exchange Act, such stockholder shall deliver to the Corporation, no later than five (5) business days prior to the applicable meeting, reasonable evidence that it or such beneficial owner or Stockholder Related Person has met the requirements of Rule 14a-19(a)(3) promulgated under the Exchange Act.
(2) For purposes of this Section 1.10, “public announcement” shall include disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press or other national news service or in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
(3) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1.10, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 1.10; provided however, that any references in these Bylaws to the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder are not intended to and shall not limit any requirements applicable to nominations or proposals as to any other business to be considered pursuant to this Section 1.10 (including paragraphs (A)(1)(c) and (B) hereof), and compliance with paragraphs (A)(1)(c) and (B) of this Section 1.10 shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to make nominations or submit other business (other than, as provided in the penultimate sentence of paragraph (A)(2) of this Section 1.10, business other than nominations brought properly under and in compliance with Rule 14a-8 of the Exchange Act, as may be amended from time to time). Nothing in this Section 1.10 shall be deemed to affect any rights (i) of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals other than nominations in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to applicable rules and regulations promulgated under the Exchange Act or (ii) of the holders of any series of preferred stock to elect directors pursuant to any applicable provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation.
(4) A stockholder providing notice of a proposed nomination for election to the Board or other business proposed to be brought before a meeting (given pursuant to paragraph (A)(1) of this Section 1.10 or paragraph (B) of this Section 1.10, as applicable) shall update and supplement such notice to the extent necessary so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice shall be true and correct (x) as of the record date for notice and voting at the meeting and (y) as of the date that is fifteen (15) days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof. Any such update and supplement shall be delivered in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation at the principal executive offices of the Corporation (i) in the case of any update and supplement required to be made as of the record date for notice of the meeting, not later than five (5) days after the later of such record date and the public announcement of such record date and (ii) in the case of any update or supplement required to be made as of fifteen (15) days prior to the meeting or adjournment or postponement thereof, not later than ten (10) days prior to the date for the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, the obligation to update and supplement as set forth in this Section 1.10 or any other section of these Bylaws shall not limit the Corporation’s rights with respect to any deficiencies in any stockholder’s notice, including, without limitation, any representation required herein, extend any applicable deadlines under these Bylaws or enable or be deemed to permit a stockholder who has previously submitted a stockholder’s notice under these Bylaws to change any representation that was previously made pursuant to this Section 1.10, to amend or update any proposal or to submit any new proposal, including by changing or adding nominees, matters, business and/or resolutions proposed to be brought before a meeting of stockholders.
(5) For purposes of this Section 1.10, the following terms have the following meanings:
(i) “affiliates” and “associates” shall have the meanings set forth in Rule 405 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”);
(ii) “business day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or a day on which banks are closed in New York City, New York; and
(iii) “close of business” means 5:00 p.m. local time at the principal executive offices of the Corporation on any calendar day, whether or not the day is a business day.
(6) Any stockholder directly or indirectly soliciting proxies from other stockholders must use a proxy card color other than white, which shall be reserved for the exclusive use by the Board.
1.11 Conduct of Meetings; Inspectors of Election.
(A) Meetings of stockholders shall be presided over by the Chairman of the Board, if any, or in the Chairman’s absence by the Vice Chairman of the Board, if any, or in the Vice Chairman’s absence by the Chief Executive Officer, or in the Chief Executive Officer’s absence, by the President, if any, or in the President’s absence by a Vice President, if any, or in the absence of all of the foregoing persons by a director or officer designated by the Board. The Secretary shall act as secretary of the meeting, but in the Secretary’s absence the chairman of the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.
(B) The Board may adopt by resolution such rules, regulations and procedures for the conduct of any meeting of stockholders of the Corporation as it shall deem appropriate including, without limitation, such guidelines and procedures as it may deem appropriate regarding the participation by means of remote communication of stockholders and proxyholders not physically present at a meeting. Except to the extent inconsistent with such rules, regulations and procedures as adopted by the Board, the chairman of any meeting of stockholders shall have the right and authority to convene and (for any or no reason) to recess and/or adjourn the meeting, to prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and to do all such acts as, in the judgment of such chairman, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting. Such rules, regulations or procedures, whether adopted by the Board or prescribed by the chairman of the meeting, may include, without limitation, the following: (i) the establishment of an agenda or order of business for the meeting; (ii) rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present; (iii) limitations on attendance at or participation in the meeting to stockholders of record of the Corporation, their duly authorized and constituted proxies or such other persons as shall be determined; (iv) restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof; and (v) limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants. Unless and to the extent determined by the Board or the chairman of the meeting, meetings of stockholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with the rules of parliamentary procedure.
(C) The chairman of the meeting shall announce at the meeting when the polls for each matter to be voted upon at the meeting will be opened and closed. After the polls close, no ballots, proxies or votes or any revocations or changes thereto may be accepted.
(D) The Corporation may, and if required by law, shall, in advance of any meeting of stockholders, appoint one or more inspectors of election to act at the meeting and make a written report thereof. One or more other persons may be designated as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no inspector or alternate is able to act at a meeting of stockholders, the chairman of the meeting shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting. Unless otherwise required by law, inspectors may be officers, employees, agents or representatives of the Corporation. Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of such inspector’s duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of such inspector’s ability. The inspector shall have the duties prescribed by law and, when the vote is completed, shall certify their determination of the result of the vote taken and of such other facts as may be required by law. Every vote taken by ballots shall be counted by a duly appointed inspector or duly appointed inspectors.
ARTICLE
II
DIRECTORS
2.1 General Powers. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board, who may exercise all of the powers of the Corporation except as otherwise provided by law or the Certificate of Incorporation.
2.2 Number, Election; Term and Qualification. The total number of directors constituting the Board shall be as fixed in, or in the manner provided by, the Certificate of Incorporation. Election of directors need not be by written ballot. The term of office of each director shall be as specified in the Certificate of Incorporation. Directors need not be stockholders of the Corporation.
2.3 Chairman of the Board; Vice Chairman of the Board. The Board may appoint from its members a Chairman of the Board and a Vice Chairman of the Board, neither of whom need be an employee or officer of the Corporation. If the Board appoints a Chairman of the Board, such Chairman shall perform such duties and possess such powers as are assigned by the Board and, if the Chairman of the Board is also designated as the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer, shall have the powers and duties of the Chief Executive Officer prescribed in Section 3.7 of these Bylaws. If the Board appoints a Vice Chairman of the Board, such Vice Chairman shall perform such duties and possess such powers as are assigned by the Board. Unless otherwise provided by the Board, the Chairman of the Board or, in the Chairman’s absence, the Vice Chairman of the Board, if any, shall preside at all meetings of the Board.
2.4 Quorum. The greater of (a) a majority of the directors at any time in office and (b) one-third of the whole Board shall constitute a quorum of the Board. If at any meeting of the Board there shall be less than a quorum, a majority of the directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present.
2.5 Action at Meeting. Every act or decision done or made by a majority of the directors present at a meeting duly held at which a quorum is present shall be regarded as the act of the Board, unless a greater number is required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws.
2.6 Removal. Subject to the rights of holders of any series of preferred stock, directors of the Corporation may be removed only as expressly provided in the Certificate of Incorporation.
2.7 Newly Created Directorships; Vacancies. Any newly created directorship that results from an increase in the number of directors or any vacancy on the Board that results from the death, disability, resignation, disqualification or removal of any director or from any other cause shall be filled in accordance with the Certificate of Incorporation.
2.8 Resignation. Any director may resign by delivering a resignation in writing or by electronic transmission to the Corporation at its principal office or to the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or the Secretary. Such resignation shall be effective upon delivery unless it is specified to be effective at some later time or upon the happening of some later event.
2.9 Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board may be held without notice at such time and place as shall be determined from time to time by the Board; provided that any director who is absent when such a determination is made shall be given notice of the determination. A regular meeting of the Board may be held without notice immediately after and at the same place as the annual meeting of stockholders.
2.10 Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board may be called by the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office, or by one director in the event that there is only a single director in office.
2.11 Notice of Special Meetings. Notice of the date, place and time of any special meeting of the Board shall be given to each director (a) in person or by telephone at least twenty-four (24) hours in advance of the meeting, (b) by sending written notice by reputable overnight courier, telecopy, electronic mail, facsimile or other means of electronic transmission, or delivering written notice by hand, to such director’s last known business, home or means of electronic transmission address at least twenty-four (24) hours in advance of the meeting, or (c) by sending written notice by first-class mail to such director’s last known business or home address at least seventy-two (72) hours in advance of the meeting. Such notice may be given by the Secretary or by the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or one of the directors calling the meeting. A notice or waiver of notice of a meeting of the Board need not specify the purposes of the meeting.
2.12 Meetings by Conference Communications Equipment. Directors may participate in meetings of the Board or any committee thereof by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.
2.13 Action by Consent. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting, if all members of the Board or committee, as the case may be, consent to the action in writing or by electronic transmission. After an action is taken, the consent or consents relating thereto shall be filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board, or the committee thereof, in the same paper or electronic form as the minutes are maintained.
2.14 Committees. The Board may designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation with such lawfully delegable powers and duties as the Board thereby confers, to serve at the pleasure of the Board. The Board may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members of the committee present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board and subject to the provisions of law, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it. Each such committee shall keep minutes and make such reports as the Board may from time to time request. Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws, or the resolution of the Board designating the committee, a committee may create one or more subcommittees, each subcommittee to consist of one or more members of the committee, and delegate to a subcommittee any or all of the powers and authority of the committee.
ARTICLE
III
OFFICERS
3.1 Titles. The officers of the Corporation may consist of a Chief Executive Officer, a President, a Chief Financial Officer, a Treasurer and a Secretary and such other officers with such other titles as the Board shall from time to time determine. The Board may elect such other officers, including one or more Vice Presidents and one or more Assistant Treasurers or Assistant Secretaries, as it may deem appropriate from time to time. The only individuals who shall be considered the officers of the Corporation shall be those individuals who have been elected as an officer of the Corporation by the Board.
3.2 Election. The officers of the Corporation shall be elected by the Board.
3.3 Qualification. No officer need be a stockholder. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person.
3.4 Tenure. Except as otherwise provided by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws, each officer shall hold office until such officer’s successor is duly elected and qualified, unless a different term is specified in the resolution electing or appointing such officer, or until such officer’s earlier death, resignation, disqualification or removal.
3.5 Resignation and Removal. Any officer may resign by delivering a resignation in writing or by electronic transmission to the Corporation at its principal office or to the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or the Secretary. Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless it is specified to be effective at some later time or upon the happening of some later event. Any officer may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office. Except as the Board may otherwise determine, no officer who resigns or is removed shall have any right to any compensation as an officer for any period following such officer’s resignation or removal, or any right to damages on account of such removal, whether such officer’s compensation be by the month or by the year or otherwise, unless such compensation is expressly provided for in a duly authorized agreement with the Corporation.
3.6 Vacancies. The Board may fill any vacancy occurring in any office for any reason and may, in its discretion, leave unfilled, for such period as it may determine, any offices. Each such successor shall hold office for the unexpired term of such officer’s predecessor and until a successor is duly elected and qualified, or until such officer’s earlier death, resignation, disqualification or removal.
3.7 President; Chief Executive Officer. Unless the Board has designated another person as the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer, the President shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation. The Chief Executive Officer shall have general charge and supervision of the business of the Corporation subject to the direction of the Board, and shall perform all duties and have all powers that are commonly incident to the office of chief executive or that are delegated to such officer by the Board. The President shall perform such other duties and shall have such other powers as the Board or the Chief Executive Officer (if the President is not the Chief Executive Officer) may from time to time prescribe. In the event of the absence, inability or refusal to act of the Chief Executive Officer or the President (if the President is not the Chief Executive Officer), the Vice President (or if there shall be more than one, the Vice Presidents in the order determined by the Board) shall perform the duties of the Chief Executive Officer and when so performing such duties shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the Chief Executive Officer.
3.8 Vice Presidents/Other Officers. Each Vice President and any other officer designated by the Board shall perform such duties and possess such powers as the Board or the Chief Executive Officer may from time to time prescribe. The Board may assign to any Vice President the title of Executive Vice President or Senior Vice President, and may assign to any Vice President or other officer any other title selected by the Board.
3.9 Secretary and Assistant Secretaries. The Secretary shall perform such duties and shall have such powers as the Board or the Chief Executive Officer may from time to time prescribe. In addition, the Secretary shall perform such duties and have such powers as are incident to the office of the secretary, including without limitation the duty and power to give notices of all meetings of stockholders and special meetings of the Board, to attend all meetings of stockholders and the Board and keep a record of the proceedings, to maintain a stock ledger and prepare lists of stockholders and their addresses as required, to be custodian of corporate records and the corporate seal and to affix and attest to the same on documents.
Any Assistant Secretary shall perform such duties and possess such powers as the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the Secretary may from time to time prescribe. In the event of the absence, inability or refusal to act of the Secretary, the Assistant Secretary (or if there shall be more than one, the Assistant Secretaries in the order determined by the Board) shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary.
The chairman of any meeting of the Board or of stockholders may designate a temporary secretary to keep a record of any meeting.
3.10 Treasurer and Assistant Treasurers. The Treasurer shall perform such duties and shall have such powers as may from time to time be assigned by the Board or the Chief Executive Officer. In addition, the Treasurer shall perform such duties and have such powers as are incident to the office of treasurer, including without limitation the duty and power to keep and be responsible for all funds and securities of the Corporation, to deposit funds of the Corporation in depositories selected in accordance with these Bylaws, to disburse such funds as ordered by the Board, to make proper accounts of such funds, and to render as required by the Board statements of all such transactions and of the financial condition of the Corporation.
The Assistant Treasurers shall perform such duties and possess such powers as the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the Treasurer may from time to time prescribe. In the event of the absence, inability or refusal to act of the Treasurer, the Assistant Treasurer (or if there shall be more than one, the Assistant Treasurers in the order determined by the Board) shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Treasurer.
3.11 Delegation of Authority. The Board may from time to time delegate the powers or duties of any officer to any other officer or agent, notwithstanding any provision hereof.
ARTICLE
IV
CAPITAL STOCK
4.1 Stock Certificates; Uncertificated Shares. The shares of the Corporation shall be represented by certificates, provided that the Board may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of the Corporation’s stock shall be uncertificated shares. Every holder of stock of the Corporation represented by certificates shall be entitled to have a certificate, in such form as may be prescribed by law and by the Board, representing the number of shares held by such holder registered in certificate form. Each such certificate shall be signed in a manner that complies with Section 158 of the DGCL and each of the Chief Executive Officer, the President, a Vice President, the Secretary, an Assistant Secretary, the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer are duly authorized to sign such certificates by, or in the name of, the Corporation, unless otherwise expressly provided in the resolution of the Board electing such officer.
Each certificate for shares of stock which are subject to any restriction on transfer pursuant to the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws, applicable securities laws or any agreement among any number of stockholders or among such holders and the Corporation shall have conspicuously noted on the face or back of the certificate either the full text of the restriction or a statement of the existence of such restriction.
If the Corporation shall be authorized to issue more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class, the powers, designations, preferences and relative participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights shall be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of each certificate representing shares of such class or series of stock, provided that in lieu of the foregoing requirements there may be set forth on the face or back of each certificate representing shares of such class or series of stock a statement that the Corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights.
Within a reasonable time after the issuance or transfer of uncertificated shares, the registered owner thereof shall be given a notice, in writing or by electronic transmission, containing the information required to be set forth or stated on certificates pursuant to Sections 151, 156, 202(a) or 218(a) of the DGCL or, with respect to Section 151 of DGCL, a statement that the Corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights.
4.2 Transfers. Shares of stock of the Corporation shall be transferable in the manner prescribed by law, the Certificate of Incorporation and in these Bylaws. Transfers of shares of stock of the Corporation shall be made only on the books of the Corporation or by transfer agents designated to transfer shares of stock of the Corporation. Subject to applicable law, shares of stock represented by certificates shall be transferred only on the books of the Corporation by the surrender to the Corporation or its transfer agent of the certificate representing such shares properly endorsed or accompanied by a written assignment or power of attorney properly executed, and with such proof of authority or the authenticity of signature as the Corporation or its transfer agent may reasonably require. Except as may be otherwise required by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws, the Corporation shall be entitled to treat the record holder of stock as shown on its books as the owner of such stock for all purposes, including the payment of dividends and the right to vote with respect to such stock, regardless of any transfer, pledge or other disposition of such stock until the shares have been transferred on the books of the Corporation in accordance with the requirements of these Bylaws.
4.3 Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. The Corporation may issue a new certificate or uncertificated shares in place of any previously issued certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon such terms and conditions as the Corporation may prescribe, including the presentation of reasonable evidence of such loss, theft or destruction and the giving of such indemnity and posting of such bond sufficient to indemnify the Corporation against any claim that may be made against it on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of such new certificate or uncertificated shares.
4.4 Record Date. In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board, and which record date shall, unless otherwise required by law, not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting. If the Board so fixes a date, such date shall also be the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting unless the Board determines, at the time it fixes such record date, that a later date on or before the date of the meeting shall be the date for making such determination. If no record date is fixed by the Board, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board may fix a new record date for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting, and in such case shall also fix as the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of such adjourned meeting the same or an earlier date as that fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to vote in accordance herewith at the adjourned meeting.
In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board may fix a record date, which shall not be more than sixty (60) days prior to such action. If no such record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board adopts the resolution relating thereto.
4.5 Regulations. The issue and registration of shares of stock of the Corporation shall be governed by such other regulations as the Board may establish.
ARTICLE
V
GENERAL PROVISIONS
5.1 Fiscal Year. Except as from time to time otherwise designated by the Board, the fiscal year of the Corporation shall begin on the first day of January of each year and end on the last day of December in each year.
5.2 Corporate Seal. The corporate seal, if any, shall be in such form as shall be approved by the Board.
5.3 Waiver of Notice. Whenever notice is required to be given by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws, a written waiver signed by the person entitled to notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled to notice, whether before, at or after the time of the event for which notice is to be given, shall be deemed equivalent to notice required to be given to such person. Neither the business nor the purpose of any meeting need be specified in any such waiver. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.
5.4 Voting of Securities. Except as the Board may otherwise designate, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Financial Officer or the Treasurer may waive notice, vote, consent, or appoint any person or persons to waive notice, vote or consent, on behalf of the Corporation, and act as, or appoint any person or persons to act as, proxy or attorney-in-fact for the Corporation (with or without power of substitution and re-substitution), with respect to the securities of any other entity which may be held by this Corporation.
5.5 Evidence of Authority. A certificate by the Secretary, or an Assistant Secretary, or a temporary Secretary, as to any action taken by the stockholders, directors, a committee or any officer or representative of the Corporation shall as to all persons who rely on the certificate in good faith be conclusive evidence of such action.
5.6 Certificate of Incorporation. All references in these Bylaws to the Certificate of Incorporation shall be deemed to refer to the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, as amended and/or restated and in effect from time to time.
5.7 Severability. Any determination that any provision of these Bylaws is for any reason inapplicable, illegal or ineffective shall not affect or invalidate any other provision of these Bylaws.
5.8 Pronouns. All pronouns used in these Bylaws shall be deemed to refer to the masculine, feminine or neuter, singular or plural, as the identity of the person or persons may require.
5.9 Manner of Notice. Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders, any notice to stockholders given by the Corporation under any provision of the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws may be given in writing directed to the stockholder’s mailing address (or by electronic transmission directed to the stockholder’s electronic mail address, as applicable) as it appears on the records of the Corporation. Notice shall be given (i) if mailed, when deposited in the United States mail, (ii) if delivered by courier service, the earlier of when the notice is received or left at the stockholder’s address, or (iii) if given by electronic mail, when directed at to such stockholder’s electronic mail address (unless the stockholder has notified the Corporation in writing or by electronic transmission of an objection to receiving notice by electronic mail or such notice is prohibited by the DGCL to be given by electronic transmission). A notice by electronic mail must include a prominent legend that the communication is an important notice regarding the Corporation. A notice by electronic mail shall be deemed to include any files attached thereto and any information hyperlinked to a website if such electronic mail includes the contact information of an officer or agent of the Corporation who is available to assist with accessing such files or information. Any notice to stockholders under any provision of the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws provided by electronic transmission (other than any such notice given by electronic mail) may only be given in a form consented to by such stockholder, and any such notice by electronic transmission shall be deemed to be given as provided by the DGCL.
5.10 Electronic Transmission. For purposes of these Bylaws, “electronic transmission” means any form of communication, not directly involving the physical transmission of paper, including the use of, or participation in, one or more electronic networks or databases (including one or more distributed electronic networks or databases), that creates a record that may be retained, retrieved, and reviewed by a recipient thereof, and that may be directly reproduced in paper form by such a recipient through an automated process.
ARTICLE
VI
AMENDMENTS
These Bylaws may be altered, amended or repealed, in whole or in part, or new Bylaws may be adopted by the Board or by the stockholders as expressly provided in the Certificate of Incorporation.
ARTICLE
VII
INDEMNIFICATION AND ADVANCEMENT
7.1 Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings other than Those by or in the Right of the Corporation. Subject to Section 7.3, the Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the Corporation) by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or, while a director or officer of the Corporation, is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another Corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that such person’s conduct was unlawful.
7.2 Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings by or in the Right of the Corporation. Subject to Section 7.3, the Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the Corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or, while a director or officer of the Corporation, is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another Corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation; except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.
7.3 Authorization of Indemnification. Any indemnification under this Article VII (unless ordered by a court) shall be made by the Corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the director or officer is proper in the circumstances because such person has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 7.1 or Section 7.2, as the case may be. Such determination shall be made, with respect to a person who is a director or officer at the time of such determination, (i) by a majority vote of the directors who are not parties to such action, suit or proceeding, even though less than a quorum, or (ii) by a committee of such directors designated by a majority vote of such directors, even though less than a quorum, or (iii) if there are no such directors, or if such directors so direct, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion or (iv) by the stockholders. Such determination shall be made, with respect to former directors and officers, by any person or persons having the authority to act on the matter on behalf of the Corporation. To the extent, however, that a present or former director or officer of the Corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding set forth in Section 7.1 or Section 7.2 or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, such person shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith, without the necessity of authorization in the specific case.
7.4 Good Faith Defined. For purposes of any determination under Section 7.3, a person shall be deemed to have acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, or, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, to have had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful, if such person’s action is based on good faith reliance on the records or books of account of the Corporation or another enterprise, or on information supplied to such person by the officers of the Corporation or another enterprise in the course of their duties, or on the advice of legal counsel for the Corporation or another enterprise or on information or records given or reports made to the Corporation or another enterprise by an independent certified public accountant or by an appraiser or other expert selected with reasonable care by the Corporation or another enterprise. The term “another enterprise” as used in this Section 7.4 shall mean any other corporation or any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which such person is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent. The provisions of this Section 7.4 shall not be deemed to be exclusive or to limit in any way the circumstances in which a person may be deemed to have met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 7.1 or 7.2, as the case may be.
7.5 Right of Claimant to Bring Suit. Notwithstanding any contrary determination in the specific case under Section 7.3, and notwithstanding the absence of any determination thereunder, if a claim under Sections 7.1 or 7.2 of the Article VII is not paid in full by the Corporation within (i) ninety (90) days after a written claim for indemnification has been received by the Corporation following the final disposition of the underlying action, suit or proceeding, or (ii) thirty (30) days after a written claim for an advancement of expenses has been received by the Corporation, the claimant may at any time thereafter (but not before) bring suit against the Corporation in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware to recover the unpaid amount of the claim, together with interest thereon, or to obtain advancement of expenses, as applicable. It shall be a defense to any such action brought to enforce a right to indemnification (but not in an action brought to enforce a right to an advancement of expenses) that the claimant has not met the standards of conduct which make it permissible under the DGCL (or other applicable law) for the Corporation to indemnify the claimant for the amount claimed, but the burden of proving such defense shall be on the Corporation. Neither a contrary determination in the specific case under Section 7.3 nor the absence of any determination thereunder shall be a defense to such application or create a presumption that the claimant has not met any applicable standard of conduct. If successful, in whole or in part, the claimant shall also be entitled to be paid the expense of prosecuting such claim, including reasonable attorneys’ fees incurred in connection therewith, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law.
7.6 Expenses Payable in Advance. Expenses, including without limitation attorneys’ fees, incurred by a current or former director or officer in defending any civil, criminal, administrative or investigative action, suit or proceeding shall be paid by the Corporation in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such current or former director or officer to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation as authorized in this Article VII.
7.7 Nonexclusivity of Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses. The rights to indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by or granted pursuant to this Article VII shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under the Certificate of Incorporation, any agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in such person’s official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office, it being the policy of the Corporation that, subject to Section 7.11, indemnification of the persons specified in Sections 7.1 and 7.2 shall be made to the fullest extent permitted by law. The provisions of this Article VII shall not be deemed to preclude the indemnification of any person who is not specified in Section 7.1 or 7.2 but whom the Corporation has the power or obligation to indemnify under the provisions of the DGCL, or otherwise.
7.8 Insurance. The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of such person’s status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have the power or the obligation to indemnify such person against such liability under the provisions of this Article VII.
7.9 Certain Definitions. For purposes of this Article VII, references to “the Corporation” shall include, in addition to the resulting corporation, any constituent corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a consolidation or merger which, if its separate existence had continued, would have had power and authority to indemnify its directors, officers, employees or agents so that any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of such constituent corporation, or is or was serving at the request of such constituent corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, shall stand in the same position under the provisions of this Article VII with respect to the resulting or surviving corporation as such person would have with respect to such constituent corporation if its separate existence had continued. For purposes of this Article VII, references to “fines” shall include any excise taxes assessed on a person with respect of any employee benefit plan; and references to “serving at the request of the Corporation” shall include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director, officer, employee or agent with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants or beneficiaries; and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in a manner “not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation” as referred to in this Article VII.
7.10 Survival of Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses. The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this Article VII shall, unless otherwise provided when authorized or ratified, continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director or officer and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.
7.11 Limitation on Indemnification. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Article VII to the contrary, except for proceedings to enforce rights to indemnification (which shall be governed by Section 7.5), the Corporation shall not be obligated to indemnify any director, officer, employee or agent in connection with an action, suit proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person unless such action, suit or proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the Board.
7.12 Contract Rights. The obligations of the Corporation under this Article VII to indemnify, and advance expenses to, a person who is or was a director or officer of the Corporation shall be considered a contract between the Corporation and such person, and no modification or repeal of any provision of this Article VII shall affect, to the detriment of such person, such obligations of the Corporation in connection with a claim based on any act or failure to act occurring before such modification or repeal.
Exhibit 4.1
AMENDED AND RESTATED INVESTORS’ RIGHTS AGREEMENT
THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED INVESTORS’ RIGHTS AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”), is made as of August 29, 2025, by and among VIDA Global Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and each of the investors listed on Schedule A hereto, each of which is referred to in this Agreement as an “Investor”.
RECITALS
WHEREAS, certain of the Investors (the “Existing Investors”) hold shares of Series-1 Preferred Stock and/or shares of Series Seed-2 Preferred Stock and/or shares of Common Stock issued upon conversion thereof and possess registration rights, information rights, rights of first offer, and other rights pursuant to that certain Investors’ Rights Agreement dated as of April 28, 2023, by and among the Company and such Existing Investors (the “Prior Agreement”);
WHEREAS, the undersigned Existing Investors are holders of a sufficient number of the securities of the Company as are required to amend the Prior Agreement, and desire to amend and restate the Prior Agreement in its entirety and to accept the rights created pursuant to this Agreement in lieu of the rights granted to them under the Prior Agreement; and
WHEREAS, certain of the Investors are parties to that certain Series A Preferred Stock and Warrant Purchase Agreement of even date herewith by and among the Company and such Investors (as may be amended from time to time, the “Purchase Agreement”), under which certain of the Company’s and such Investors’ obligations are conditioned upon the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the undersigned parties;
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows:
| 1. | Definitions. For purposes of this Agreement: |
1.1 “Affiliate” means, with respect to any specified Person, any other Person who, directly or indirectly, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with such Person, including, without limitation, any general partner, managing member, officer, director or trustee of such Person, or any venture capital fund or other investment fund now or hereafter existing that is controlled by one (1) or more general partners, managing members or investment adviser of, or shares the same management company or investment adviser with, such Person.
1.2 “Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.
1.3 “Certificate of Incorporation” means the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended and/or restated from time to time.
1.4 “Common Stock” means shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share.
1.5 “Competitor” means a Person engaged, directly or indirectly (including through any partnership, limited liability company, corporation, joint venture or similar arrangement (whether now existing or formed hereafter)), in the business of developing, operating, creating or producing a communication platform, but shall not include (i) any financial investment firm or collective investment vehicle that, together with its Affiliates, holds less than twenty percent (20)% of the outstanding equity of any Competitor and does not, nor do any of its Affiliates, have a right to designate any members of the board of directors of any Competitor (ii) Stillmark LP or its Affiliates (“Stillmark”), or (iii) TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund II, L.P. or its Affiliates (“TVP”).
1.6 “Damages” means any loss, damage, claim or liability (joint or several) to which a party hereto may become subject under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, or other federal or state law, insofar as such loss, damage, claim or liability (or any action in respect thereof) arises out of or is based upon: (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any registration statement of the Company, including any preliminary prospectus or final prospectus contained therein or any amendments or supplements thereto; (ii) an omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein, or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; or (iii) any violation or alleged violation by the indemnifying party (or any of its agents or Affiliates) of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, any state securities law, or any rule or regulation promulgated under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, or any state securities law.
1.7 “Deemed Liquidation Event” shall have the meaning ascribed to it in the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as in effect on the date of this Agreement and regardless of the date on which such event occurs.
1.8 “Derivative Securities” means any securities or rights convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for (in each case, directly or indirectly), Common Stock, including options and warrants.
1.9 “Direct Listing” means the initial listing of the Common Stock (or other equity securities of the Company) on the Nasdaq Stock Market, the New York Stock Exchange or another exchange or marketplace approved by the Board of Directors by means of an effective registration statement filed by the Company with the SEC, without a related underwritten offering of such Common Stock (or other equity securities).
1.10 “DPA” means Section 721 of the Defense Production Act, as amended, including all implementing regulations thereof.
1.11 “DPA Triggering Rights” means (i) “control” (as defined in the DPA); (ii) access to any “material non-public technical information” (as defined in the DPA) in the possession of the Company; (iii) membership or observer rights on the Board of Directors or equivalent governing body of the Company or the right to nominate an individual to a position on the Board of Directors or equivalent governing body of the Company; (iv) any involvement, other than through the voting of shares, in substantive decision-making of the Company regarding (x) the use, development, acquisition or release of any Company “critical technology” (as defined in the DPA); (y) the use, development, acquisition, safekeeping, or release of “sensitive personal data” (as defined in the DPA) of U.S. citizens maintained or collected by the Company, or (z) the management, operation, manufacture, or supply of “covered investment critical infrastructure” (as defined in the DPA).
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1.12 “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
1.13 “Excluded Registration” means (i) a registration relating to the sale or grant of securities to employees of the Company or a subsidiary pursuant to a stock option, stock purchase, equity incentive or similar plan; (ii) a registration relating to an SEC Rule 145 transaction; (iii) a registration on any form that does not include substantially the same information as would be required to be included in a registration statement covering the sale of the Registrable Securities; or (iv) a registration in which the only Common Stock being registered is Common Stock issuable upon conversion of debt securities that are also being registered.
1.14 “FOIA Party” means a Person that, in the reasonable determination of the Board of Directors, may be subject to, and thereby required to disclose non-public information furnished by or relating to the Company under, the Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S.C. 552 (“FOIA”), any state public records access law, any state or other jurisdiction’s laws similar in intent or effect to FOIA, or any other similar statutory or regulatory requirement.
1.15 “Foreign Person” means either (i) a Person or government that is a “foreign person” within the meaning of the DPA or (ii) a Person through whose investment a “foreign person” within the meaning of the DPA would obtain any DPA Triggering Rights.
1.16 “Form S-1” means such form under the Securities Act as in effect on the date hereof or any successor registration form under the Securities Act subsequently adopted by the SEC.
1.17 “Form S-3” means such form under the Securities Act as in effect on the date hereof or any registration form under the Securities Act subsequently adopted by the SEC that permits forward incorporation of substantial information by reference to other documents filed by the Company with the SEC.
1.18 “GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States as in effect from time to time.
1.19 “Holder” means any holder of Registrable Securities who is a party to this Agreement.
1.20 “Immediate Family Member” means a child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, life partner or similar statutorily-recognized domestic partner, sibling, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law, including adoptive relationships of a natural person referred to herein.
1.21 “Initiating Holders” means, collectively, Holders who properly initiate a registration request under this Agreement.
1.22 “Investors” means the persons named on Schedule A hereto, each person to whom the rights of an Investor are assigned pursuant to Section 6.1, and each person who hereafter becomes a party to this Agreement pursuant to Section 6.9.
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1.23 “IPO” means the Company’s first underwritten public offering of its Common Stock under the Securities Act.
1.24 “Major Investor” means any Investor that, individually or together with such Investor’s Affiliates, holds at least 198,586 shares of Registrable Securities (as adjusted for any stock split, stock dividend, combination, or other recapitalization or reclassification effected after the date hereof).
1.25 “New Securities” means, collectively, equity securities of the Company, whether or not currently authorized, as well as rights, options, or warrants to purchase such equity securities, or securities of any type whatsoever that are, or may become, convertible or exchangeable into or exercisable for such equity securities.
1.26 “Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, trust, limited liability company, association or other entity.
1.27 “Preferred Director” means any director of the Company that the holders of record of Series A Preferred Stock (as defined below) are entitled to elect, exclusively and as a separate class, pursuant to the Certificate of Incorporation.
1.28 “Preferred Stock” means, collectively, shares of the Company’s Series A Preferred Stock, Series Seed-1 Preferred Stock and Series Seed-2 Preferred Stock.
1.29 “Registrable Securities” means (i) the Common Stock issuable or issued upon conversion of the Preferred Stock; (ii) any Common Stock, or any Common Stock issued or issuable (directly or indirectly) upon conversion and/or exercise of any other securities of the Company, held by the Investors from time to time; (iii) any Common Stock issued as (or issuable upon the conversion or exercise of any warrant, right, or other security that is issued as) a dividend or other distribution with respect to, or in exchange for or in replacement of, the shares referenced in clauses (i) and (ii) above; excluding in all cases (other than the restrictions on transfer and legend requirements in Section 2.12),, however, any Registrable Securities sold by a Person in a transaction in which the applicable rights under this Agreement are not assigned pursuant to Section 6.1, and excluding for purposes of Section 2 any shares for which registration rights have terminated pursuant to Section 2.13.
1.30 “Registrable Securities then outstanding” means the number of shares determined by adding the number of shares of outstanding Common Stock that are Registrable Securities and the number of shares of Common Stock issuable (directly or indirectly) pursuant to then exercisable and/or convertible securities that are Registrable Securities.
1.31 “Requisite Preferred Director Vote” means the approval of the Board of Directors, including of the Preferred Director then seated.
1.32 “Restricted Securities” means the securities of the Company required to be notated with the legend set forth in Section 2.12(b) hereof.
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1.33 “Sanctioned Party” means any Person: (i) organized under the laws of, ordinarily resident in, or located in a country or territory that is the subject of comprehensive Sanctions (which as of the date of this Agreement comprise Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Syria, and the Crimea, Donetsk, and Luhansk regions of Ukraine (“Restricted Countries”)); (ii) 50% or more owned or controlled by the government of a Restricted Country; or (iii) (A) designated on a sanctioned parties list administered by the United States, European Union, or United Kingdom, including, without limitation, the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control’s Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List, Foreign Sanctions Evaders List, Sectoral Sanctions Identification List, the Consolidated List of Persons, Groups, and Entities Subject to EU Financial Sanctions, and the UK’s Consolidated Sanctions List (collectively, “Designated Parties”); or (B) 50% or more owned or, where relevant under applicable Sanctions, controlled, individually or in the aggregate, by one or more Designated Party, in each case only to the extent that dealings with such Person is are prohibited pursuant to applicable Sanctions.
1.34 “Sanctions” means applicable laws and regulations pertaining to trade and economic sanctions administered by the United States, European Union, or United Kingdom.
1.35 “SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.
1.36 “SEC Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Act.
1.37 “SEC Rule 145” means Rule 145 promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Act.
1.38 “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
1.39 “Selling Expenses” means all underwriting discounts, selling commissions, and stock transfer taxes applicable to the sale of Registrable Securities, and fees and disbursements of counsel for any Holder, except for the fees and disbursements of the Selling Holder Counsel borne and paid by the Company as provided in Section 2.6.
1.40 “Series A Preferred Stock” means shares of the Company’s Series A Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share.
1.41 “Series Seed-1 Preferred Stock” means shares of the Company’s Series Seed-1 Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share.
1.42 “Series Seed-2 Preferred Stock” means shares of the Company’s Series Seed-2 Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share.
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| 2. | Registration Rights. The Company covenants and agrees as follows: |
2.1 Demand Registration.
(a) Form S-1 Demand. If at any time after the earlier of (i) the third anniversary of this Agreement or (ii) one hundred eighty (180) days after the effective date of the registration statement for the IPO or Direct Listing, as applicable, the Company receives a request from Holders of at least fifty percent (50%) of the Registrable Securities then outstanding that the Company file a Form S-1 registration statement with respect to the outstanding Registrable Securities of such Holders having an anticipated aggregate offering price, net of Selling Expenses, of at least ten million dollars ($10,000,000), then the Company shall: (x) within ten (10) days after the date such request is given, give notice thereof (the “Demand Notice”) to all Holders other than the Initiating Holders; and (y) as soon as practicable, and in any event within sixty (60) days after the date such request is given by the Initiating Holders, file a Form S-1 registration statement under the Securities Act covering all Registrable Securities that the Initiating Holders requested to be registered and any additional Registrable Securities requested to be included in such registration by any other Holders, as specified by notice given by each such Holder to the Company within twenty (20) days of the date the Demand Notice is given, and in each case, subject to the limitations of Sections 2.1(c) and 2.3; provided, however, that this right to request the filing of a Form S-1 registration statement shall in no event be made available to any Holder that is a Foreign Person.
(b) Form S-3 Demand. If at any time when it is eligible to use a Form S-3 registration statement, the Company receives a request from Holders of at least twenty-five percent (25%) of the Registrable Securities then outstanding that the Company file a Form S-3 registration statement with respect to outstanding Registrable Securities of such Holders having an anticipated aggregate offering price, net of Selling Expenses, of at least three million dollars ($3,000,000), then the Company shall (i) within ten (10) days after the date such request is given, give a Demand Notice to all Holders other than the Initiating Holders; and (ii) as soon as practicable, and in any event within forty-five (45) days after the date such request is given by the Initiating Holders, file a Form S-3 registration statement under the Securities Act covering all Registrable Securities requested to be included in such registration by any other Holders, as specified by notice given by each such Holder to the Company within twenty (20) days of the date the Demand Notice is given, and in each case, subject to the limitations of Sections 2.1(c) and 2.3.
(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing obligations, if the Company furnishes to Holders requesting a registration pursuant to this Section 2.1 a certificate signed by the Company’s chief executive officer stating that in the good faith judgment of the Board of Directors it would be materially detrimental to the Company and its stockholders for such registration statement to either become effective or remain effective for as long as such registration statement otherwise would be required to remain effective, because such action would (i) materially interfere with a significant acquisition, corporate reorganization, or other similar transaction involving the Company; (ii) require premature disclosure of material information that the Company has a bona fide business purpose for preserving as confidential; or (iii) render the Company unable to comply with requirements under the Securities Act or Exchange Act, then the Company shall have the right to defer taking action with respect to such filing, and any time periods with respect to filing or effectiveness thereof shall be tolled correspondingly, for a period of not more than thirty (30) days after the request of the Initiating Holders is given; provided, however, that the Company may not invoke this right more than once in any twelve (12) month period; and provided further that the Company shall not register any securities for its own account or that of any other stockholder during such thirty (30) day period.
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(d) The Company shall not be obligated to effect, or to take any action to effect, any registration pursuant to Section 2.1(a), (i) during the period that is sixty (60) days before the Company’s good faith estimate of the date of filing of, and ending on a date that is one hundred eighty (180) days after the effective date of, a Company-initiated registration, provided that the Company is actively employing in good faith commercially reasonable efforts to cause such registration statement to become effective; (ii) after the Company has effected two (2) registrations pursuant to Section 2.1(a); or (iii) if the Initiating Holders propose to dispose of shares of Registrable Securities that may be immediately registered on Form S-3 pursuant to a request made pursuant to Section 2.1(b). The Company shall not be obligated to effect, or to take any action to effect, any registration pursuant to Section 2.1(b), (i) during the period that is thirty (30) days before the Company’s good faith estimate of the date of filing of, and ending on a date that is ninety (90) days after the effective date of, a Company-initiated registration, provided that the Company is actively employing in good faith commercially reasonable efforts to cause such registration statement to become effective; or (ii) if the Company has effected two (2) registrations pursuant to Section 2.1(b) within the twelve (12) month period immediately preceding the date of such request. A registration shall not be counted as “effected” for purposes of this Section 2.1(d) until such time as the applicable registration statement has been declared effective by the SEC, unless the Initiating Holders withdraw their request for such registration, elect not to pay the registration expenses therefor, and forfeit their right to one demand registration statement pursuant to Section 2.6, in which case such withdrawn registration statement shall be counted as “effected” for purposes of this Section 2.1(d); provided, that if such withdrawal is during a period the Company has deferred taking action pursuant to Section 2.1(c), then the Initiating Holders may withdraw their request for registration and such registration will not be counted as “effected” for purposes of this Section 2.1(d).
2.2 Company Registration. If the Company proposes to register (including for this purpose a registration effected by the Company for stockholders other than the Holders) any of its securities under the Securities Act in connection with the public offering of such securities solely for cash (other than in an Excluded Registration or a registration pursuant to Section 2.1), the Company shall, at such time, promptly give each Holder notice of such registration. Upon the request of each Holder given within twenty (20) days after such notice is given by the Company, the Company shall, subject to the provisions of Section 2.3, cause to be registered all of the Registrable Securities that each such Holder has requested to be included in such registration. The Company shall have the right to terminate or withdraw any registration initiated by it under this Section 2.2 before the effective date of such registration, whether or not any Holder has elected to include Registrable Securities in such registration. The expenses (other than Selling Expenses) of such withdrawn registration shall be borne by the Company in accordance with Section 2.6.
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2.3 Underwriting Requirements.
(a) If, pursuant to Section 2.1, the Initiating Holders intend to distribute the Registrable Securities covered by their request by means of an underwriting, they shall so advise the Company as a part of their request made pursuant to Section 2.1, and the Company shall include such information in the Demand Notice. The underwriter(s) will be selected by the Board of Directors and shall be reasonably acceptable to a majority in interest of the Initiating Holders. In such event, the right of any Holder to include such Holder’s Registrable Securities in such registration shall be conditioned upon such Holder’s participation in such underwriting and the inclusion of such Holder’s Registrable Securities in the underwriting to the extent provided herein. All Holders proposing to distribute their securities through such underwriting shall (together with the Company as provided in Section 2.4(e)) enter into an underwriting agreement in customary form with the underwriter(s) selected for such underwriting; provided, however, that no Holder (or any of their assignees) shall be required to make any representations, warranties or indemnities except as they relate to such Holder’s ownership of shares and authority to enter into the underwriting agreement and to such Holder’s intended method of distribution, and the liability of such Holder shall be several and not joint, and limited to an amount equal to the net proceeds from the offering received by such Holder. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 2.3, if the managing underwriter(s) advise(s) the Initiating Holders in writing that marketing factors require a limitation on the number of shares to be underwritten, then the Initiating Holders shall so advise all Holders of Registrable Securities that otherwise would be underwritten pursuant hereto, and the number of Registrable Securities that may be included in the underwriting shall be allocated among such Holders of Registrable Securities, including the Initiating Holders, in proportion (as nearly as practicable) to the number of Registrable Securities owned by each Holder or in such other proportion as shall mutually be agreed to by all such selling Holders; provided, however, that the number of Registrable Securities held by the Holders to be included in such underwriting shall not be reduced unless all other securities are first entirely excluded from the underwriting. To facilitate the allocation of shares in accordance with the above provisions, the Company or the underwriters may round the number of shares allocated to any Holder to the nearest one hundred (100) shares.
(b) In connection with any offering involving an underwriting of shares of the Company’s capital stock pursuant to Section 2.2, the Company shall not be required to include any of the Holders’ Registrable Securities in such underwriting unless the Holders accept the terms of the underwriting as agreed upon between the Company and its underwriters, and then only in such quantity as the underwriters in their sole discretion determine will not jeopardize the success of the offering by the Company. If the total number of securities, including Registrable Securities, requested by stockholders to be included in such offering exceeds the number of securities to be sold (other than by the Company) that the underwriters in their reasonable discretion determine is compatible with the success of the offering, then the Company shall be required to include in the offering only that number of such securities, including Registrable Securities, which the underwriters and the Company in their sole discretion determine will not jeopardize the success of the offering. If the underwriters determine that less than all of the Registrable Securities requested to be registered can be included in such offering, then the Registrable Securities that are included in such offering shall be allocated among the selling Holders in proportion (as nearly as practicable to) the number of Registrable Securities owned by each selling Holder or in such other proportions as shall mutually be agreed to by all such selling Holders. To facilitate the allocation of shares in accordance with the above provisions, the Company or the underwriters may round the number of shares allocated to any Holder to the nearest one hundred (100) shares. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall (i) the number of Registrable Securities included in the offering be reduced unless all other securities (other than securities to be sold by the Company) are first entirely excluded from the offering, or (ii) the number of Registrable Securities included in the offering be reduced below twenty-five percent (25%) of the total number of securities included in such offering, unless such offering is the IPO, in which case the selling Holders may be excluded further if the underwriters make the determination described above and no other stockholder’s securities are included in such offering. For purposes of the provision in this Section 2.3(b) concerning apportionment, for any selling Holder that is a partnership, limited liability company, or corporation, the partners, members, retired partners, retired members, stockholders, and Affiliates of such Holder, or the estates and Immediate Family Members of any such partners, retired partners, members, and retired members and any trusts for the benefit of any of the foregoing Persons, shall be deemed to be a single “selling Holder,” and any pro rata reduction with respect to such “selling Holder” shall be based upon the aggregate number of Registrable Securities owned by all Persons included in such “selling Holder,” as defined in this sentence.
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(c) For purposes of Section 2.1, a registration shall not be counted as “effected” if, as a result of an exercise of the underwriter’s cutback provisions in Section 2.3(a), less than one hundred percent (100%) of the total number of Registrable Securities that Holders have requested to be included in such registration statement are actually included.
2.4 Obligations of the Company. Whenever required under this Section 2 to effect the registration of any Registrable Securities, the Company shall, as expeditiously as reasonably possible:
(a) prepare and file with the SEC a registration statement with respect to such Registrable Securities and use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause such registration statement to become effective and, upon the request of the Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities registered thereunder, keep such registration statement effective for a period of up to one hundred twenty (120) days or, if earlier, until the distribution contemplated in the registration statement has been completed; provided, however, that (i) such one hundred twenty (120) day period shall be extended for a period of time equal to the period the Holder refrains, at the request of an underwriter of Common Stock (or other securities) of the Company, from selling any securities included in such registration and (ii) in the case of any registration of Registrable Securities on Form S-3 that are intended to be offered on a continuous or delayed basis, subject to compliance with applicable SEC rules, such one hundred twenty (120) day period shall be extended for up to an additional 90 days, if necessary, to keep the registration statement effective until all such Registrable Securities are sold;
(b) prepare and file with the SEC such amendments and supplements to such registration statement, and the prospectus used in connection with such registration statement, as may be necessary to comply with the Securities Act in order to enable the disposition of all securities covered by such registration statement;
(c) furnish to the selling Holders such numbers of copies of a prospectus, including a preliminary prospectus, as required by the Securities Act, and such other documents as the Holders may reasonably request in order to facilitate their disposition of their Registrable Securities;
(d) use its commercially reasonable efforts to register and qualify the securities covered by such registration statement under such other securities or blue-sky laws of such jurisdictions as shall be reasonably requested by the selling Holders; provided that the Company shall not be required to qualify to do business or to file a general consent to service of process in any such states or jurisdictions, unless the Company is already subject to service in such jurisdiction and except as may be required by the Securities Act;
(e) in the event of any underwritten public offering, enter into and perform its obligations under an underwriting agreement, in usual and customary form, with the underwriter(s) of such offering;
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(f) use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause all such Registrable Securities covered by such registration statement to be listed on a national securities exchange or trading system and each securities exchange and trading system (if any) on which similar securities issued by the Company are then listed;
(g) provide a transfer agent and registrar for all Registrable Securities registered pursuant to this Agreement and provide a CUSIP number for all such Registrable Securities, in each case not later than the effective date of such registration;
(h) promptly make available for inspection by the selling Holders, any managing underwriter(s) participating in any disposition pursuant to such registration statement, and any attorney or accountant or other agent retained by any such underwriter or selected by the selling Holders, all financial and other records, pertinent corporate documents, and properties of the Company, and cause the Company’s officers, directors, employees, and independent accountants to supply all information reasonably requested by any such seller, underwriter, attorney, accountant, or agent, in each case, as necessary or advisable to verify the accuracy of the information in such registration statement and to conduct appropriate due diligence in connection therewith;
(i) notify each selling Holder, promptly after the Company receives notice thereof, of the time when such registration statement has been declared effective or a supplement to any prospectus forming a part of such registration statement has been filed; and
(j) after such registration statement becomes effective, notify each selling Holder of any request by the SEC that the Company amend or supplement such registration statement or prospectus.
In addition, the Company shall ensure that, at all times after any registration statement covering a public offering of securities of the Company under the Securities Act shall have become effective, its insider trading policy shall provide that the Company’s directors may implement a trading program under Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act.
2.5 Furnish Information. It shall be a condition precedent to the obligations of the Company to take any action pursuant to this Section 2 with respect to the Registrable Securities of any selling Holder that such Holder shall furnish to the Company such information regarding itself, the Registrable Securities held by it, and the intended method of disposition of such securities as is reasonably required to effect the registration of such Holder’s Registrable Securities.
2.6 Expenses of Registration. All expenses (other than Selling Expenses) incurred in connection with registrations, filings, or qualifications pursuant to Section 2, including all registration, filing, and qualification fees; printers’ and accounting fees; fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company; and the reasonable fees and disbursements, not to exceed $50,000 per registration, of one counsel for the selling Holders selected by Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities to be registered (“Selling Holder Counsel”), shall be borne and paid by the Company; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to pay for any expenses of any registration proceeding begun pursuant to Section 2.1 if the registration request is subsequently withdrawn at the request of the Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities to be registered (in which case all selling Holders shall bear such expenses pro rata based upon the number of Registrable Securities that were to be included in the withdrawn registration), unless the Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities agree to forfeit their right to one registration pursuant to Sections 2.1(a) or 2.1(b), as the case may be; provided further that if, at the time of such withdrawal, the Holders shall have learned of a material adverse change in the condition, business, or prospects of the Company from that known to the Holders at the time of their request and have withdrawn the request with reasonable promptness after learning of such information then the Holders shall not be required to pay any of such expenses and shall not forfeit their right to one registration pursuant to Sections 2.1(a) or 2.1(b). All Selling Expenses relating to Registrable Securities registered pursuant to this Section 2 (other than fees and disbursements of counsel to any Holder, other than the Selling Holder Counsel, which shall be borne solely by the Holder engaging such counsel) shall be borne and paid by the Holders pro rata on the basis of the number of Registrable Securities registered on their behalf.
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2.7 Delay of Registration. No Holder shall have any right to obtain or seek an injunction restraining or otherwise delaying any registration pursuant to this Agreement as the result of any controversy that might arise with respect to the interpretation or implementation of this Section 2.
2.8 Indemnification. If any Registrable Securities are included in a registration statement under this Section 2 or in connection with a Direct Listing, as applicable:
(a) To the extent permitted by law, the Company will indemnify and hold harmless each selling Holder, and the partners, members, officers, directors, and stockholders of each such Holder; legal counsel and accountants for each such Holder; any underwriter (as defined in the Securities Act) for each such Holder; and each Person, if any, who controls such Holder or underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, against any Damages, and the Company will pay to each such Holder, underwriter, controlling Person, or other aforementioned Person any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred thereby in connection with investigating or defending any claim or proceeding from which Damages may result, as such expenses are incurred; provided, however, that the indemnity agreement contained in this Section 2.8(a) shall not apply to amounts paid in settlement of any such claim or proceeding if such settlement is effected without the consent of the Company, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, nor shall the Company be liable for any Damages to the extent that they arise out of or are based upon actions or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished by or on behalf of any such Holder, underwriter, controlling Person, or other aforementioned Person expressly for use in connection with such registration.
(b) To the extent permitted by law, each selling Holder, severally and not jointly, will indemnify and hold harmless the Company, and each of its directors, each of its officers who has signed the registration statement, each Person (if any), who controls the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act, legal counsel and accountants for the Company, any underwriter (as defined in the Securities Act), any other Holder selling securities in such registration statement, and any controlling Person of any such underwriter or other Holder, against any Damages, in each case only to the extent that such Damages arise out of or are based upon actions or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished by or on behalf of such selling Holder expressly for use in connection with such registration and that has not been corrected in a subsequent writing at least one business day prior to the sale of Registrable Securities to the Person asserting the claim; and each such selling Holder will pay to the Company and each other aforementioned Person any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred thereby in connection with investigating or defending any claim or proceeding from which Damages may result, as such expenses are incurred; provided, however, that the indemnity agreement contained in this Section 2.8(b) shall not apply to amounts paid in settlement of any such claim or proceeding if such settlement is effected without the consent of the Holder, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld; and provided further that in no event shall the aggregate amounts payable by any Holder by way of indemnity or contribution under Section 2.8(b) and 2.8(d) exceed the proceeds from the offering received by such Holder (net of any Selling Expenses paid by such Holder), except in the case of fraud or willful misconduct by such Holder.
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(c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this Section 2.8 of notice of the commencement of any action (including any governmental action) for which a party may be entitled to indemnification hereunder, such indemnified party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against any indemnifying party under this Section 2.8, give the indemnifying party notice of the commencement thereof. The indemnifying party shall have the right to participate in such action and, to the extent the indemnifying party so desires, participate jointly with any other indemnifying party to which notice has been given, and to assume the defense thereof with counsel mutually satisfactory to the parties; provided, however, that an indemnified party (together with all other indemnified parties that may be represented without conflict by one counsel) shall have the right to retain one separate counsel, with the fees and expenses to be paid by the indemnifying party, if representation of such indemnified party by the counsel retained by the indemnifying party would be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between such indemnified party and any other party represented by such counsel in such action. The failure to give notice to the indemnifying party within a reasonable time of the commencement of any such action shall relieve such indemnifying party of any liability to the indemnified party under this Section 2.8, to the extent that such failure materially prejudices the indemnifying party’s ability to defend such action. The failure to give notice to the indemnifying party will not relieve it of any liability that it may have to any indemnified party otherwise than under this Section 2.8.
(d) To provide for just and equitable contribution to joint liability under the Securities Act in any case in which either: (i) any party otherwise entitled to indemnification hereunder makes a claim for indemnification pursuant to this Section 2.8 but it is judicially determined (by the entry of a final judgment or decree by a court of competent jurisdiction and the expiration of time to appeal or the denial of the last right of appeal) that such indemnification may not be enforced in such case, notwithstanding the fact that this Section 2.8 provides for indemnification in such case, or (ii) contribution under the Securities Act may be required on the part of any party hereto for which indemnification is provided under this Section 2.8, then, and in each such case, such parties will contribute to the aggregate losses, claims, damages, liabilities, or expenses to which they may be subject (after contribution from others) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of each of the indemnifying party and the indemnified party in connection with the statements, omissions, or other actions that resulted in such loss, claim, damage, liability, or expense, as well as to reflect any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of the indemnifying party and of the indemnified party shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or allegedly untrue statement of a material fact, or the omission or alleged omission of a material fact, relates to information supplied by the indemnifying party or by the indemnified party and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information, and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission; provided, however, that, in any such case (x) no Holder will be required to contribute any amount in excess of the public offering price of all such Registrable Securities offered and sold by such Holder pursuant to such registration statement, and (y) no Person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) will be entitled to contribution from any Person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation; and provided further that in no event shall a Holder’s liability pursuant to this Section 2.8(d), when combined with the amounts paid or payable by such Holder pursuant to Section 2.8(b), exceed the proceeds from the offering received by such Holder (net of any Selling Expenses paid by such Holder), except in the case of willful misconduct or fraud by such Holder.
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(e) Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent that the provisions on indemnification and contribution contained in the underwriting agreement entered into in connection with the underwritten public offering are in conflict with the foregoing provisions, the provisions in the underwriting agreement shall control; provided, however, that any matter expressly provided for or addressed by the provisions of this Section 2.8 that is not expressly provided for or addressed by the underwriting agreement shall be controlled by the foregoing provisions.
(f) Unless otherwise superseded by an underwriting agreement entered into in connection with the underwritten public offering, the obligations of the Company and Holders under this Section 2.8 shall survive the completion of any offering of Registrable Securities in a registration under this Section 2, and otherwise shall survive the termination of this Agreement or any provision(s) of this Agreement.
2.9 Reports Under Exchange Act. With a view to making available to the Holders the benefits of SEC Rule 144 and any other rule or regulation of the SEC that may at any time permit a Holder to sell securities of the Company to the public without registration or pursuant to a registration on Form S-3, the Company shall:
(a) make and keep available adequate current public information, as those terms are understood and defined in SEC Rule 144, at all times after the effective date of the registration statement filed by the Company for the IPO or Direct Listing, as applicable;;
(b) use commercially reasonable efforts to file with the SEC in a timely manner all reports and other documents required of the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act (at any time after the Company has become subject to such reporting requirements); and
(c) furnish to any Holder, so long as the Holder owns any Registrable Securities, forthwith upon request (i) to the extent accurate, a written statement by the Company that it has complied with the reporting requirements of SEC Rule 144 (at any time after ninety (90) days after the effective date of the registration statement filed by the Company for the IPO or Direct Listing, as applicable), the Securities Act, and the Exchange Act (at any time after the Company has become subject to such reporting requirements), or that it qualifies as a registrant whose securities may be resold pursuant to Form S-3 (at any time after the Company so qualifies); (ii) a copy of the most recent annual or quarterly report of the Company and such other reports and documents so filed by the Company; and (iii) such other information as may be reasonably requested in availing any Holder of any rule or regulation of the SEC that permits the selling of any such securities without registration (at any time after the Company has become subject to the reporting requirements under the Exchange Act) or pursuant to Form S-3 (at any time after the Company so qualifies to use such form).
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2.10 Limitations on Subsequent Registration Rights. From and after the date of this Agreement, the Company shall not, without the prior written consent of the Holders of at least a majority of the Registrable Securities then outstanding (which majority must include TVP), enter into any agreement with any holder or prospective holder of any securities of the Company that would (i) allow such holder or prospective holder to include such securities in any registration unless, under the terms of such agreement, such holder or prospective holder may include such securities in any such registration only to the extent that the inclusion of such securities will not reduce the number of the Registrable Securities of the Holders that are included; or (ii) allow such holder or prospective holder to initiate a demand for registration of any securities held by such holder or prospective holder; provided that this limitation shall not apply to Registrable Securities acquired by any additional Investor that becomes a party to this Agreement in accordance with Section 6.9.
2.11 “Market Stand-off” Agreement. Each Holder hereby agrees that it will not, without the prior written consent of the managing underwriter, during the period commencing on the date of the final prospectus relating to the registration by the Company for its own behalf of shares of its Common Stock or any other equity securities under the Securities Act on a registration statement (other than an Excluded Registration) on Form S-1, and ending on the date specified by the Company and the managing underwriter (such period not to exceed one hundred eighty (180) days in the case of the IPO or ninety (90) days in the case of any registration other than the IPO, (i) lend; offer; pledge; sell; contract to sell; sell any option or contract to purchase; purchase any option or contract to sell; grant any option, right, or warrant to purchase; or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Common Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable (directly or indirectly) for Common Stock held immediately before the effective date of the registration statement for such offering or (ii) enter into any swap, hedging, or other transaction or arrangement that transfers, or is designed to transfer, to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership, directly or indirectly, of such securities, whether or not any such transaction or arrangement described in clause (i) or (ii) above is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock or other securities, in cash, or otherwise. The foregoing provisions of this Section 2.11 shall apply only to the IPO, shall not apply to the sale of any shares to an underwriter pursuant to an underwriting agreement or the transfer of any shares to any trust for the direct or indirect benefit of the Holder or the immediate family of the Holder, provided that the trustee of the trust agrees to be bound in writing by the restrictions set forth herein, and provided further that any such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value, and shall be applicable to the Holders only if all officers and directors of the Company are subject to the same restrictions and the Company obtains a similar agreement from all stockholders individually owning more than one percent (1%) of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock (after giving effect to the conversion into Common Stock of all outstanding Preferred Stock). The underwriters in connection with such registration are intended third-party beneficiaries of this Section 2.11 and shall have the right, power and authority to enforce the provisions hereof as though they were a party hereto. Each Holder further agrees to execute such agreements as may be reasonably requested by the underwriters in connection with such registration that are consistent with this Section 2.11 or that are necessary to give further effect thereto. Any discretionary waiver or termination of the restrictions of any or all of such agreements by the Company or the underwriters shall apply pro rata to all Company stockholders that are subject to such agreements, based on the number of shares subject to such agreements.
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2.12 Restrictions on Transfer.
(a) The Preferred Stock and the Registrable Securities shall not be sold, pledged, or otherwise transferred, and the Company shall not recognize and shall issue stop-transfer instructions to its transfer agent with respect to any such sale, pledge, or transfer, except upon the conditions specified in this Agreement, which conditions are intended to ensure compliance with the provisions of the Securities Act and all other applicable U.S. laws and regulations. A transferring Holder will cause any proposed purchaser, pledgee, or transferee of the Preferred Stock and the Registrable Securities held by such Holder to agree to take and hold such securities subject to the provisions and upon the conditions specified in this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not require any transferee of shares pursuant to an effective registration statement or, following the IPO or Direct Listing, as applicable, SEC Rule 144, in each case, to be bound by the terms of this Section 2.12.
(b) Each certificate, instrument, or book entry representing (i) the Preferred Stock, (ii) the Registrable Securities, and (iii) any other securities issued in respect of the securities referenced in clauses (i) and (ii), upon any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, merger, consolidation, or similar event, shall (unless otherwise permitted by the provisions of Section 2.12(c)) be notated with a legend substantially in the following form:
THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED HEREBY HAVE BEEN ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT AND HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933. SUCH SHARES MAY NOT BE SOLD, PLEDGED, OR TRANSFERRED IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH REGISTRATION OR A VALID EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION AND PROSPECTUS DELIVERY REQUIREMENTS OF SAID ACT.
THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED HEREBY MAY BE TRANSFERRED ONLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS OF AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE COMPANY AND THE STOCKHOLDER, A COPY OF WHICH IS ON FILE WITH THE SECRETARY OF THE COMPANY.
The Holders consent to the Company making a notation in its records and giving instructions to any transfer agent of the Restricted Securities in order to implement the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Section 2.12.
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(c) The holder of such Restricted Securities, by acceptance of ownership thereof, agrees to comply in all respects with the provisions of this Section 2. Before any proposed sale, pledge, or transfer of any Restricted Securities, unless there is in effect a registration statement under the Securities Act covering the proposed transaction or following the IPO or Direct Listing, as applicable, the transfer is made pursuant to SEC Rule 144, the Holder thereof shall give notice to the Company of such Holder’s intention to effect such sale, pledge, or transfer, provided that no such notice shall be required in connection if the intended sale, pledge or transfer complies with SEC Rule 144. Each such notice shall describe the manner and circumstances of the proposed sale, pledge, or transfer in sufficient detail and, if reasonably requested by the Company, shall be accompanied at such Holder’s expense by either (i) a written opinion of legal counsel who shall, and whose legal opinion shall, be reasonably satisfactory to the Company, addressed to the Company, to the effect that the proposed transaction may be effected without registration under the Securities Act; (ii) a “no action” letter from the SEC to the effect that the proposed sale, pledge, or transfer of such Restricted Securities without registration will not result in a recommendation by the staff of the SEC that action be taken with respect thereto; or (iii) any other evidence reasonably satisfactory to counsel to the Company to the effect that the proposed sale, pledge, or transfer of the Restricted Securities may be effected without registration under the Securities Act, whereupon the Holder of such Restricted Securities shall be entitled to sell, pledge, or transfer such Restricted Securities in accordance with the terms of the notice given by the Holder to the Company. The Company will not require such a notice, legal opinion or “no action” letter (x) in any transaction in compliance with SEC Rule 144; or (y) in any transaction in which such Holder distributes Restricted Securities to an Affiliate of such Holder for no consideration; provided that with respect to transfers under the foregoing clause (y), each transferee agrees in writing to be subject to the terms of this Section 2.12. Each certificate, instrument, or book entry representing the Restricted Securities transferred as above provided shall be notated with, except if such transfer is made pursuant to SEC Rule 144, the appropriate restrictive legend set forth in Section 2.12(b), except that such certificate instrument, or book entry shall not be notated with such restrictive legend if, in the opinion of counsel for such Holder and the Company, such legend is not required in order to establish compliance with any provisions of the Securities Act and the Company will use commercially reasonable efforts to cause any such legend to be removed.
2.13 Termination and Suspension of Registration Rights. The right of any Holder to request registration or inclusion of Registrable Securities in any registration pursuant to Sections 2.1 or 2.2 shall terminate, as to such Holder, upon the earliest to occur of:
(a) the closing of a Deemed Liquidation Event, in which the consideration received by the Investors in such Deemed Liquidation Event is in the form of cash and/or publicly traded securities, or if the Investors receive registration rights from the acquiring company or other successor to the Company reasonably comparable to those set forth in this Section 2;
(b) such time after consummation of an IPO or Direct Listing, whichever is earlier, when the Holder (A) together with its “affiliates” (as determined under SEC Rule 144) holds less than 1% of the outstanding capital stock of the Company and (B) may immediately sell all of the Holder’s Registrable Securities under SEC Rule 144 without volume limitation, or another similar exemption under the Securities Act is available for the sale of all of such Holder’s shares without limitation, during a three-month period without registration;
(c) the fifth anniversary of the IPO or Direct Listing, as applicable, or such later date that is 180 days following the expiration of all deferrals of the Company’s obligations pursuant to Section 2 that remain in effect as of such anniversary; and
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(d) The right of any Holder to request registration or inclusion of Registrable Securities in any registration pursuant to Section 2.1 or 2.2 shall be suspended during any time as such Holder is a Sanctioned Party.
| 3. | Information Rights. |
3.1 Delivery of Financial Statements. The Company shall deliver to each Major Investor, provided that the Board of Directors has not reasonably determined that such Major Investor is a Competitor:
(a) as soon as practicable, but in any event within one hundred twenty (120) days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company (i) a balance sheet as of the end of such year, (ii) statements of income and of cash flows for such year, and a comparison between (x) the actual amounts as of and for such fiscal year and (y) the comparable amounts for the prior year and as included in the Approved Annual Budget (as defined below) for such year, with an explanation of any material differences between such amounts and a schedule as to the sources and applications of funds for such year, and (iii) a statement of stockholders’ equity as of the end of such year, all such financial statements audited and certified by independent public accountants of regionally recognized standing selected by the Company;
(b) as soon as practicable, but in any event within forty-five (45) days after the end of each quarter of each fiscal year of the Company, an unaudited balance sheet as of the end of such fiscal quarter and statements of income and cash flows for such quarter, and an unaudited balance sheet and a statement of stockholders’ equity as of the end of such fiscal quarter, in each case, prepared in accordance with GAAP (except that such financial statements may ((i) be subject to normal year-end audit adjustments; and (ii) not contain all notes thereto that may be required in accordance with GAAP);
(c) as soon as practicable, but in any event within forty-five (45) days after the end of each quarter of each fiscal year of the Company, a statement showing the number of shares of each class and series of capital stock and securities convertible into or exercisable for shares of capital stock outstanding at the end of the period, the Common Stock issuable upon conversion or exercise of any outstanding securities convertible or exercisable for Common Stock and the exchange ratio or exercise price applicable thereto, and the number of shares of issued stock options and stock options not yet issued but reserved for issuance, if any, all in sufficient detail as to permit the Major Investors to calculate their respective percentage equity ownership in the Company;
(d) as soon as practicable, but in any event within thirty (30) days prior to the end of each fiscal year, the Company’s Approved Annual Budget; and
(e) such other information relating to the financial condition, business, prospects, or corporate affairs of the Company as any Major Investor may from time to time reasonably request; provided, however, that the Company shall not be obligated under this Section 3.1 to provide information (i) that the Company reasonably determines in good faith to be a trade secret or similar highly confidential information (unless covered by an enforceable confidentiality agreement, in a form acceptable to the Company); or (ii) the disclosure of which would reasonably be expected to adversely affect the attorney client privilege between the Company and its counsel.
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If, for any period, the Company has any subsidiary whose accounts are consolidated with those of the Company, then in respect of such period the financial statements delivered pursuant to the foregoing sections shall be the consolidated and consolidating financial statements of the Company and all such consolidated subsidiaries.
If reasonably requested by a Major Investor, the Company shall provide the information required by, or reasonably requested pursuant to, this Section 3.1 to such Major Investor by uploading the information to a portfolio management platform.
Notwithstanding anything else in this Section 3.1 to the contrary, the Company may cease providing the information set forth in this Section 3.1 during the period starting with the date forty-five (45) days before the Company’s good-faith estimate of the date of filing of a registration statement if it reasonably concludes it must do so to comply with the SEC rules applicable to such registration statement and related offering; provided that the Company’s covenants under this Section 3.1 shall be reinstated at such time as the Company is no longer actively employing its commercially reasonable efforts to cause such registration statement to become effective.
3.2 Inspection. The Company shall permit each Major Investor (provided that the Board of Directors has not reasonably determined that such Major Investor is a Competitor), at such Major Investor’s expense, to visit and inspect the Company’s properties; examine its books of account and records; and discuss the Company’s affairs, finances, and accounts with its officers, during normal business hours of the Company as may be reasonably requested by the Major Investor; provided, however, that the Company shall not be obligated pursuant to this Section 3.2 to provide access to any information that it reasonably and in good faith considers to be a trade secret or confidential information (unless covered by an enforceable confidentiality agreement, in form acceptable to the Company) or the disclosure of which would adversely affect the attorney-client privilege between the Company and its counsel.
3.3 Termination of Information Rights. The covenants set forth in Section 3.1 and Section 3.2 shall terminate and be of no further force or effect (i) immediately before the consummation of the IPO or Direct Listing, as applicable; (ii) with respect to any Investor that is or becomes a Sanctioned Party, for so long as such Investor is a Sanctioned Party; or (iii) when the Company first becomes subject to the periodic reporting requirements of Section 12(g) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, or (iv) upon the closing of a Deemed Liquidation Event, whichever event occurs first; provided, that, with respect to clause (iv), the covenants set forth in Section 3.1 shall only terminate if the consideration received by the Investors in such Deemed Liquidation Event is in the form of cash and/or publicly traded securities or if the Investors receive financial information from the acquiring company or other successor to the Company comparable to those set forth in Section 3.1.
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3.4 Confidentiality. Each Investor agrees that such Investor will keep confidential and will not disclose, divulge, or use for any purpose (other than to monitor or make decisions with respect to its investment in the Company or to defend or enforce such Investor’s rights under the Transaction Agreements (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) any confidential information obtained from the Company pursuant to the terms of this Agreement (including notice of the Company’s intention to file a registration statement), unless such confidential information (a) is known or becomes known to the public in general (other than as a result of a breach of this Section 3.4 by such Investor), (b) is or has been independently developed or conceived by such Investor without use of the Company’s confidential information, (c) was already in the possession of the Investor prior to it is disclosure by the Company, or (d) is or has been made known or disclosed to such Investor by a third party without a breach of any obligation of confidentiality such third party may have to the Company; provided, however, that an Investor may disclose confidential information (i) to its attorneys, accountants, consultants, and other professionals to the extent reasonably necessary to obtain their services in connection with monitoring its investment in the Company; (ii) to any prospective purchaser of any Registrable Securities from such Investor, if such prospective purchaser agrees to be bound by the provisions of this Section 3.4; (iii) to any existing Affiliate, partner, member, stockholder, or wholly owned subsidiary of such Investor in the ordinary course of business, provided that such Investor informs such Person that such information is confidential and directs such Person to maintain the confidentiality of such information; or (iv) as may otherwise be required by law, regulation, rule, court order or subpoena, provided that such Investor promptly notifies the Company of such disclosure and takes reasonable steps to minimize the extent of any such required disclosure.
3.5 Limitation on Foreign Person Investors. Notwithstanding the covenants set forth in Sections 3.1 and 3.2, the Company shall not provide any Investor that is a Foreign Person access to any “material non-public technical information” within the meaning of the DPA.
| 4. | Rights to Future Stock Issuances. |
4.1 Right of First Offer. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Section 4.1 and applicable securities laws, if the Company proposes to offer or sell any New Securities, the Company shall first offer such New Securities to each Major Investor. A Major Investor shall be entitled to apportion the right of first offer hereby granted to it in such proportions as it deems appropriate, among (i) itself, (ii) its Affiliates and (iii) its beneficial interest holders, such as limited partners, members or any other Person having “beneficial ownership,” as such term is defined in Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act, of such Major Investor (“Investor Beneficial Owners”); provided that each such Affiliate or Investor Beneficial Owner (x) is not a Competitor or FOIA Party, unless such party’s purchase of New Securities is otherwise consented to by the Board of Directors, and (y) agrees to enter into this Agreement and the Amended and Restated Voting Agreement of even date herewith among the Company, the Investors and the other parties named therein (as may be amended, the “Voting Agreement”), as an “Investor” under each such agreement (provided that any Competitor or FOIA Party shall not be entitled to any rights as a Major Investor under Sections 3.1, 3.2 and 4.1 hereof) and provided that the Company shall not be obligated to offer or sell any New Securities to any person or entity that is a Sanctioned Party.
(a) The Company shall give notice (the “Offer Notice”) to each Major Investor, stating (i) its bona fide intention to offer such New Securities, (ii) the number of such New Securities to be offered, and (iii) the price and terms, if any, upon which it proposes to offer such New Securities.
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(b) By notification to the Company within twenty (20) days after the Offer Notice is given, each Major Investor may elect to purchase or otherwise acquire, at the price and on the terms specified in the Offer Notice, up to that portion of such New Securities which equals the proportion that the Common Stock then held by such Major Investor (including all shares of Common Stock then issuable (directly or indirectly) upon conversion and/or exercise, as applicable, of the Preferred Stock and any other Derivative Securities then held by such Major Investor) bears to the total Common Stock of the Company then outstanding (assuming full conversion and/or exercise, as applicable, of all Preferred Stock and any other Derivative Securities then outstanding). At the expiration of such twenty (20) day period, the Company shall promptly notify each Major Investor that elects to purchase or acquire all the shares available to it (each, a “Fully Exercising Investor”) of any other Major Investor’s failure to do likewise. During the ten (10) day period commencing after the Company has given such notice, each Fully Exercising Investor may, by giving notice to the Company, elect to purchase or acquire, in addition to the number of shares specified above, up to that portion of the New Securities for which Major Investors were entitled to subscribe but that were not subscribed for by the Major Investors which is equal to the proportion that the Common Stock issued and held, or issuable (directly or indirectly) upon conversion and/or exercise, as applicable, of Preferred Stock and any other Derivative Securities then held, by such Fully Exercising Investor bears to the Common Stock issued and held, or issuable (directly or indirectly) upon conversion and/or exercise, as applicable, of the Preferred Stock and any other Derivative Securities then held, by all Fully Exercising Investors who wish to purchase such unsubscribed shares. The closing of any sale pursuant to this Section 4.1(b) shall occur within the later of ninety (90) days of the date that the Offer Notice is given and the date of initial sale of New Securities pursuant to Section 4.1(c).
(c) If all New Securities referred to in the Offer Notice are not elected to be purchased or acquired as provided in Section 4.1(b), the Company may, during the ninety (90) day period following the expiration of the periods provided in Section 4.1(b), offer and sell the remaining unsubscribed portion of such New Securities to any Person or Persons at a price not less than, and upon terms no more favorable to the offeree than, those specified in the Offer Notice. If the Company does not consummate the sale of the New Securities within such period, the right provided hereunder shall be deemed to be revived and such New Securities shall not be offered unless first reoffered to the Major Investors in accordance with this Section 4.1.
(d) The right of first offer in this Section 4.1 shall not be applicable to (i) Exempted Securities (as defined in the Certificate of Incorporation); (ii) shares of Common Stock issued in the IPO; (iii) the issuance of shares of Preferred Stock to Additional Purchasers pursuant to Section 1.3 of the Purchase Agreement; nor the Warrants (as defined in the Purchase Agreement).
4.2 Termination. The covenants set forth in Section 4.1 shall terminate and be of no further force or effect (i) immediately before the consummation of the IPO or Direct Listing, as applicable, or (ii) upon the closing of a Deemed Liquidation Event in which the consideration received by the Investors in such Deemed Liquidation Event is in the form of cash and/or publicly traded securities, or if the Investors receive participation rights from the acquiring company or other successor to the Company reasonably comparable to those set forth in this Section 4 whichever event occurs first.
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| 5. | Additional Covenants. |
5.1 Insurance. Subject to Section 5.18, the Company shall within ninety (90) days following the date of this Agreement, obtain from financially sound and reputable insurers Directors and Officers liability insurance in an amount and on terms and conditions approved by the Requisite Preferred Director Vote and will use commercially reasonable efforts to cause such insurance policies to be maintained until such time as the Requisite Preferred Director Votedetermines that such insurance should be discontinued. Subject to Section 5.18, no such policy shall be cancelable by the Company without prior approval by the Requisite Preferred Director Vote. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 5.1 to the contrary, and subject to Section 5.18, during such time(s) as one or more Preferred Directors is serving on the Board of Directors, the Company shall include the Investors entitled to designate the relevant Preferred Director(s) pursuant the Voting Agreement in an additional endorsement under such policy that provides defense-only coverage to such Investors, and shall annually, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company, deliver to each such Investor a certification that such a Directors and Officers liability insurance policy remains in effect.
5.2 Employee Agreements. Unless otherwise approved by the Requisite Preferred Director Vote, the Company will cause each Person now or hereafter employed by it or by any subsidiary (or engaged by the Company or any subsidiary as a consultant/independent contractor) with access to confidential information and/or trade secrets to enter into a nondisclosure, proprietary rights assignment agreement and, to the extent legally permissible, non-competition and non-solicitation agreement. In addition, the Company shall not amend, modify, terminate, waive, or otherwise alter, in whole or in part, any of the above-referenced agreements or any restricted stock agreement between the Company and any employee, without the consent of the Requisite Preferred Director Vote.
5.3 Employee Stock. Unless otherwise approved by the Requisite Preferred Director Vote, all employees of the Company who purchase, receive options to purchase, or receive awards of shares of the Company’s capital stock after the date hereof shall be required to execute restricted stock or option agreements, as applicable, providing for (i) vesting of shares over a four (4) year period, with the first twenty-five percent (25%) of such shares vesting following twelve (12) months of continued employment or service, and the remaining shares vesting in equal monthly installments over the following thirty-six (36) months, and (ii) a market stand-off provision substantially similar to that in Section 2.11. Without the prior approval by the Requisite Preferred Director Vote, the Company shall not amend, modify, terminate, waive or otherwise alter, in whole or in part, any stock purchase, stock restriction or option agreement with any existing employee or service provider if such amendment would cause it to be inconsistent with this Section 5.3. In addition, unless otherwise approved by the Requisite Preferred Director Vote, the Company (x) shall not offer or allow any acceleration of vesting, and (y) shall retain (and not waive) a “right of first refusal” on employee transfers until the earlier of the Company’s IPO or Direct Listing, as applicable, and shall have the right to repurchase unvested shares at cost upon termination of employment of a holder of restricted stock.
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5.4 Qualified Small Business Stock. Subject to Section 5.18, the Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to refrain from taking any action that could reasonably be expected to cause the shares of Preferred Stock originally issued by the Company to the Investors, as well as any shares into which such shares are converted, within the meaning of Section 1202(f) of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”), to fail to qualify as “qualified small business stock” as defined in Section 1202(c) of the Code; provided, however, that such requirement shall not be applicable if the Board of Directors determines, in its good-faith business judgment, that such qualification is inconsistent with the best interests of the Company. The Company shall submit to the Investors and to the Internal Revenue Service any reports that may be required under Section 1202(d)(1)(C) of the Code. In addition, within 20 business days after any Investor’s written request therefor, the Company shall deliver to such Investor a checklist in substantially the same form as Annex 1. The Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to ensure the accuracy of any such checklist, but in no event shall the Company be liable to the Investors or any other person for any damages arising from any errors or inaccuracies in such report or checklist, unless made by the Company in a manner either grossly negligent or fraudulent.
5.5 Matters Requiring Preferred Director Approval. During such time or times as the holders of Preferred Stock are entitled to elect a Preferred Director and such seat is filled, the Company hereby covenants and agrees with each of the Investors that it shall not, without the Requisite Preferred Director Vote:
(a) make, or permit any subsidiary to make, any loan or advance to, or own any stock or other securities of, any subsidiary or other corporation, partnership, or other entity unless it is wholly owned by the Company;
(b) make, or permit any subsidiary to make, any loan or advance to any Person, including, without limitation, any employee or director of the Company or any subsidiary, except advances and similar expenditures in the ordinary course of business or under the terms of an employee stock or option plan approved by the Board of Directors;
(c) guarantee, directly or indirectly, or permit any subsidiary to guarantee, directly or indirectly, any indebtedness except for trade accounts of the Company or any subsidiary arising in the ordinary course of business;
(d) incur any indebtedness not already included in the Approved Annual Budget, other than trade credit incurred in the ordinary course of business or indebtedness that is not in excess of $500,000;
(e) hire, terminate, or change the compensation of the executive officers, including approving any option grants or stock awards to executive officers;
(f) approve any material interim changes to the Approved Annual Budget;
(g) change the principal business of the Company, enter new lines of business, or exit the current line of business of the Company;
(h) sell, assign, license, pledge, or encumber material technology or intellectual property, other than in connection with ordinary course product sales or licenses; or
(i) enter into any corporate strategic relationship involving the payment, contribution, or assignment by the Company of money or assets having a value (as determined by the Board of Directors in a manner consistent with the agreements governing such relationship) greater than 100,000.
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5.6 Board Matters. (a) The Company shall reimburse the non-employee directors for all reasonable out-of-pocket travel expenses incurred (consistent with the Company’s travel policy) in connection with attending meetings of the Board of Directors. (b) Subject to Section 5.18, the Company shall cause to be established, as soon as practicable after the request of any director, and will maintain, an audit and compensation committee, each of which shall consist solely of non-management directors. Subject to Section 5.18, each non-employee director shall be entitled in such person’s discretion to be a member of all committees of the Board of Directors.
5.7 Annual Budget. The Company shall, at least 30 days before the end of each fiscal year, prepare an annual budget and business plan for the next fiscal year, prepared on a monthly basis, including balance sheets, income statements, and statements of cash flow for such months (the “Budget”). The Company shall submit the Budget to the Board of Directors for approval and the Budget, as may be revised by the Board of Directors, shall be approved by the Requisite Preferred Director Vote (“Approved Annual Budget”).
5.8 Successor Indemnification. If the Company or any of its successors or assignees consolidates with or merges into any other Person and is not the continuing or surviving corporation or entity of such consolidation or merger, then to the extent necessary, but subject to Section 5.18, proper provision shall be made so that the successors and assignees of the Company assume the obligations of the Company with respect to indemnification of members of the Board of Directors as in effect immediately before such transaction, whether such obligations are contained in the Company’s Bylaws, the Certificate of Incorporation, or elsewhere, as the case may be.
5.9 Indemnification Matters. The Company hereby acknowledges that one (1) or more of the Preferred Directors may have certain rights to indemnification, advancement of expenses and/or insurance provided by one (1) or more of the Investors and certain of their Affiliates (collectively, the “Investor Indemnitors”). The Company hereby agrees (a) that it is the indemnitor of first resort (i.e., its obligations to any such Preferred Director are primary and any obligation of the Investor Indemnitors to advance expenses or to provide indemnification for the same expenses or liabilities incurred by such Preferred Director are secondary), (b) that it shall be required to advance the full amount of expenses incurred by such Preferred Director and shall be liable for the full amount of all expenses, judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement by or on behalf of any such Preferred Director to the extent legally permitted and as required by the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws of the Company (or any agreement between the Company and such Preferred Director), without regard to any rights such Preferred Director may have against the Investor Indemnitors, and, (c) that it irrevocably waives, relinquishes and releases the Investor Indemnitors from any and all claims against the Investor Indemnitors for contribution, subrogation or any other recovery of any kind in respect thereof. The Company further agrees that no advancement or payment by the Investor Indemnitors on behalf of any such Preferred Director with respect to any claim for which such Preferred Director has sought indemnification from the Company shall affect the foregoing and the Investor Indemnitors shall have a right of contribution and/or be subrogated to the extent of such advancement or payment to all of the rights of recovery of such Preferred Director against the Company. The Preferred Directors and the Investor Indemnitors are intended third-party beneficiaries of this Section 5.11 and shall have the right, power and authority to enforce the provisions of this Section 5.11 as though they were a party to this Agreement.
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5.10 Right to Conduct Activities. The Company hereby agrees and acknowledges that certain of its investors (including, but not necessarily limited to Stillmark LP and TVP) (each, a “Professional Investment Organization”) is a professional investment organization, and as such reviews the business plans and related proprietary information of many enterprises, some of which may compete directly or indirectly with the Company’s business (as currently conducted or as currently propose to be conducted). Nothing in this Agreement shall preclude or in any way restrict the Professional Investment Organization from evaluating or purchasing securities, including publicly traded securities, of a particular enterprise, or investing or participating in any particular enterprise whether or not such enterprise has products or services that compete with those of the Company; and the Company hereby agrees that, to the extent permitted under applicable law, no Professional Investment Organization shall be liable to the Company for any claim arising out of, or based upon, (i) the investment by such Professional Investment Organization in any entity competitive with the Company, or (ii) actions taken by any partner, officer, employee or other representative of such Professional Investment Organization to assist any such competitive company, whether or not such action was taken as a member of the board of directors of such competitive company or otherwise, and whether or not such action has a detrimental effect on the Company; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not contravene the confidentiality obligations in Section 3.4 or otherwise in this Agreement or relieve (x) any of the Investors from liability associated with the unauthorized disclosure of the Company’s confidential information obtained pursuant to this Agreement, or (y) any director or officer of the Company from any liability associated with such person’s fiduciary duties to the Company.
5.11 FCPA. Subject to Section 5.18, the Company covenants that it shall not (and shall not permit any of its subsidiaries or Affiliates or any of its or their respective directors, officers, managers, employees, independent contractors, representatives or agents to) promise, authorize or make any payment to, or otherwise contribute any item of value to, directly or indirectly, to any third party, including any Non-U.S. Official (as such term is defined in the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended (the “FCPA”)), in each case, in violation of the FCPA, the U.K. Bribery Act, or any other applicable anti-bribery or anti-corruption law. Subject to Section 5.18, the Company further covenants that it shall (and shall cause each of its subsidiaries and Affiliates to) cease all of its or their respective known activities, as well as remediate any known actions taken by the Company, its subsidiaries or Affiliates, or any of their respective directors, officers, managers, employees, independent contractors, representatives or agents in violation of the FCPA, the U.K. Bribery Act, or any other applicable anti-bribery or anti-corruption law. Subject to Section 5.18, the Company further covenants that it shall (and shall cause each of its subsidiaries and Affiliates to) maintain commercially reasonable systems of internal controls (including, but not limited to, accounting systems, purchasing systems and billing systems) to provide reasonable assurances regarding compliance with the FCPA, the U.K. Bribery Act, or any other applicable anti-bribery or anti-corruption law. Upon request by a Major Investor, the Company agrees to provide responsive information and/or certifications to such Major Investor concerning its compliance with applicable anti-corruption laws. The Company shall promptly notify each Major Investor if the Company becomes aware of any Enforcement Action (as defined in the Purchase Agreement). Subject to Section 5.18, the Company shall, and shall cause any direct or indirect subsidiary or entity controlled by it, whether now in existence or formed in the future to make commercially reasonable efforts to comply with the FCPA. Subject to Section 5.18, the Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause any direct or indirect subsidiary, whether now in existence or formed in the future, to comply in all material respects with all applicable laws.
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5.12 Investment and Cash Management. Subject to Section 5.18, the Company shall, within 180 days following the date hereof, adopt an investment policy and cash management policy prepared in consultation with the Company’s tax counsel to ensure compliance with the Company’s obligations under Section 5.4 that shall be reviewed and recommended to the Board of Directors by the Company’s Chief Financial Officer or highest-ranking accounting manager and reviewed and subject to approval by the Board of Directors on an annual basis (“Approved Cash Management Policy”).
5.13 Cybersecurity. Subject to Section 5.18, the Company shall, within 180 days following the date of this Agreement, use commercially reasonable efforts to: (a) identify the Company’s confidential business information, trade secrets, and any information about identified or identifiable natural persons maintained, disclosed, or otherwise processed by or on behalf of the Company (collectively, “Protected Data”) and the Company’s servers, laptops, desktops, cloud computing, containers, virtual environments, data centers, and/or other Company or vendor systems and applications that process Protected Data, or are used to provide, host or enable the Company’s operations or services (collectively, “Systems”); (b) restrict access to Protected Data and Systems to those individuals or entities who have a need to access such Protected Data and Systems; (c) conduct a commercially reasonable risk assessment to evaluate the potential risks, vulnerabilities, and threats to Protected Data and Systems; (d) implement and maintain commercially reasonable physical, technical and administrative safeguards designed to protect the security, confidentiality, integrity and availability of all Protected Data and Systems, and (e) provide its applicable employees, agents, and contractors with privacy and security training as determined reasonably necessary by the Company.
5.14 CFIUS and Foreign Person Limitations.
(a) Unless otherwise approved by the Board of Directors, the Company will not provide to any Foreign Person any DPA Triggering Rights. No Investor that is a Foreign Person shall be permitted to obtain any DPA Triggering Rights or a voting equity interest in the Company that exceeds 10% of the Company’s total voting securities pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, Section 4 of this Agreement, or otherwise, including by way of any secondary transaction(s), without the approval of the Board of Directors.
(b) Each Investor covenants that it will notify the Company in advance of permitting any Foreign Person affiliated with Investor, whether affiliated as a limited partner or otherwise, to obtain through Investor any DPA Triggering Rights.
5.15 Termination of Covenants. The covenants set forth in this Section 5, except for Sections 5.10, 5.11, 5.12 and 5.18, shall terminate and be of no further force or effect (i) immediately before the consummation of the IPO or Direct Listing, as applicable; (ii) upon a Deemed Liquidation Event, whichever event occurs first; or (iii) with respect to any obligation to an Investor that is or becomes a Sanctioned Party, for so long as such Holder is a Sanctioned Party; provided, that, with respect to clause (ii), the covenants set forth in Section 5 shall only terminate if the consideration received by the Investors in such Deemed Liquidation Event is in the form of cash and/or publicly traded securities or if the acquiring company or other successor to the Company agrees to covenants comparable to those set forth in Section 5.
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5.16 Fiduciary Duties. The Company’s obligations set forth in Sections 5.1, 5.4, 5.7(b), 5.10, 5.13, 5.14 and 5.15 that are qualified by this Section 5.18 shall not be applicable to the extent (and only to the extent) that the Board of Directors determine in good faith that compliance would be inconsistent with the exercise of the fiduciary duties of the Board of Directors.
| 6. | Miscellaneous. |
6.1 Successors and Assigns. The rights under this Agreement may be assigned (but only with all related obligations) by a Holder to a transferee of Registrable Securities that (i) is an Affiliate of a Holder; (ii) is a Holder’s Immediate Family Member or trust for the benefit of an individual Holder or one (1) or more of such Holder’s Immediate Family Members; or (iii) after such transfer, holds at least one percent (1.0%) of Registrable Securities (subject to appropriate adjustment for stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, and other recapitalizations); provided, however, that (x) the Company is, within a reasonable time after such transfer, furnished with written notice of the name and address of such transferee and the Registrable Securities with respect to which such rights are being transferred; (y) such transferee agrees in a written instrument delivered to the Company to be bound by and subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, including the provisions of Section 2.11; and (z) such assignee is not a Sanctioned Party. For the purposes of determining the number of shares of Registrable Securities held by a transferee, the holdings of a transferee (1) that is an Affiliate or stockholder of a Holder; (2) who is a Holder’s Immediate Family Member; or (3) that is a trust for the benefit of an individual Holder or such Holder’s Immediate Family Member shall be aggregated together and with those of the transferring Holder; provided further that all transferees who would not qualify individually for assignment of rights shall, as a condition to the applicable transfer, establish a single attorney-in-fact for the purpose of exercising any rights, receiving notices, or taking any action under this Agreement. The terms and conditions of this Agreement inure to the benefit of and are binding upon the respective successors and permitted assignees of the parties. Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any party other than the parties hereto or their respective successors and permitted assignees any rights, remedies, obligations or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided herein.
6.2 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by the internal law of the State of Delaware, without regard to conflict of law principles that would result in the application of any law other than the law of the State of Delaware.
6.3 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two (2) or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Counterparts may be delivered via electronic mail (including pdf or any electronic signature complying with the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, e.g., www.docusign.com) or other transmission method and any counterpart so delivered shall be deemed to have been duly and validly delivered and be valid and effective for all purposes.
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6.4 Titles and Subtitles. The titles and subtitles used in this Agreement are for convenience only and are not to be considered in construing or interpreting this Agreement.
6.5 Notices.
(a) General. All notices and other communications given or made pursuant to this Agreement shall be in writing (including electronic mail as permitted in this Agreement) and shall be deemed effectively given upon the earlier of actual receipt or (i) personal delivery to the party to be notified; (ii) when sent, if sent by electronic mail during the recipient’s normal business hours, and if not sent during normal business hours, then on the recipient’s next business day; (iii) five (5) days after having been sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid; or (iv) one (1) business day after the business day of deposit with a nationally recognized overnight courier, freight prepaid, specifying next-day delivery, with written verification of receipt. All communications shall be sent to the respective parties at their addresses as set forth on Schedule A hereto, or (as to the Company) to the address set forth on the signature page hereto, or in any case to such email address or address as subsequently modified by written notice given in accordance with this Section 6.5. If notice is given to the Company, a copy (which copy shall not constitute notice) shall also be sent to Dwyer Murphy Calvert LLP, 1301 West 25th Street, Suite 560, Austin, TX 78705, Attn: Sara Hellman; or via email at shellman@dmc-law.com. If notice is given to the Investors, a copy (which shall not constitute notice) shall also be sent to Kastner Gravelle LLP, 301 West Ave., Suite 200, Austin, TX, 78701, Attn: Jerry Galvan; or via email at jerry@kastnergravelle.com.
(b) Consent to Electronic Notice. Each party to this Agreement consents to the delivery of any stockholder notice pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”), as amended or superseded from time to time, by electronic mail pursuant to Section 232 of the DGCL (or any successor thereto) at the electronic mail address set forth below such party’s name on the Schedules hereto, as updated from time to time by notice to the Company, or as on the books of the Company. To the extent that any notice given by means of electronic mail is returned or undeliverable for any reason, the foregoing consent shall be deemed to have been revoked until a new or corrected electronic mail address has been provided, and such attempted electronic notice shall be ineffective and deemed to not have been given. Each party to this Agreement agrees to promptly notify the Company of any change in such stockholder’s electronic mail address, and that failure to do so shall not affect the foregoing.
6.6 Amendments and Waivers. Any term of this Agreement may be amended, modified or terminated and the observance of any term of this Agreement may be waived (either generally or in a particular instance, and either retroactively or prospectively) only with the written consent of the Company and the holders of at least a majority of the Registrable Securities then outstanding, which majority must include TVP; provided that the Company may in its sole discretion waive compliance with Section 2.12(c) (and the Company’s failure to object promptly in writing after notification of a proposed assignment allegedly in violation of Section 2.12(c) shall be deemed to be a waiver); and provided further that any provision hereof may be waived by any waiving party on such party’s own behalf, without the consent of any other party. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (a) this Agreement may not be amended, modified or terminated and the observance of any term hereof may not be waived with respect to any Investor without the written consent of such Investor, unless such amendment, modification, termination, or waiver applies to all Investors in the same fashion (it being agreed that a waiver of the provisions of Section 4 with respect to a particular transaction shall be deemed to apply to all Investors in the same fashion if such waiver does so by its terms, notwithstanding the fact that certain Investors may nonetheless, by agreement with the Company, purchase securities in such transaction) and (b) Section 3.1, Section 3.2, Section 4 and any other section of this Agreement applicable to the Major Investors (including this clause (b) of this Section 6.6) may be amended, modified, terminated or waived with only (and only with) the written consent of the Company and the holders of at least a majority of the Registrable Securities then outstanding and held by the Major Investors (which majority must include TVP). Notwithstanding the foregoing, Schedule A hereto may be amended by the Company from time to time to add transferees of any Registrable Securities in compliance with the terms of this Agreement without the consent of the other parties; and Schedule A hereto may also be amended by the Company after the date of this Agreement without the consent of the other parties to add information regarding any additional Investor who becomes a party to this Agreement in accordance with Section 6.9. The Company shall give prompt notice of any amendment, modification or termination hereof or waiver hereunder to any party hereto that did not consent in writing to such amendment, modification, termination, or waiver. Any amendment, modification, termination, or waiver effected in accordance with this Section 6.6 shall be binding on all parties hereto, regardless of whether any such party has consented thereto. No waivers of or exceptions to any term, condition, or provision of this Agreement, in any one (1) or more instances, shall be deemed to be or construed as a further or continuing waiver of any such term, condition, or provision.
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6.7 Severability. In case any one (1) or more of the provisions contained in this Agreement is for any reason held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality, or unenforceability shall not affect any other provision of this Agreement, and such invalid, illegal, or unenforceable provision shall be reformed and construed so that it will be valid, legal, and enforceable to the maximum extent permitted by law.
6.8 Aggregation of Stock; Apportionment. All shares of Registrable Securities held or acquired by Affiliates shall be aggregated together for the purpose of determining the availability of any rights under this Agreement and such Affiliates may apportion such rights as among themselves in any manner they deem appropriate.
6.9 Additional Investors. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, if the Company issues additional shares of Preferred Stock after the date hereof, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, any purchaser of such shares of Preferred Stock may become a party to this Agreement by executing and delivering an additional counterpart signature page to this Agreement, and thereafter shall be deemed an “Investor” for all purposes hereunder. No action or consent by the Investors shall be required for such joinder to this Agreement by such additional Investor, so long as such additional Investor has agreed in writing to be bound by all of the obligations as an “Investor” hereunder.
6.10 Entire Agreement. Upon the effectiveness of this Agreement, the Prior Agreement shall be deemed amended and restated and superseded and replaced in its entirety by this Agreement, and shall be of no further force or effect. This Agreement (including the Exhibits and Schedules hereto) together with the other Transaction Agreements (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) constitute the full and entire understanding and agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof, and any other written or oral agreement relating to the subject matter hereof existing between or among any of the parties are expressly canceled.
6.11 Dispute Resolution. The parties (a) hereby irrevocably and unconditionally submit to the jurisdiction of the state courts of Delaware and to the jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the District of Delaware for the purpose of any suit, action or other proceeding arising out of or based upon this Agreement, (b) agree not to commence any suit, action or other proceeding arising out of or based upon this Agreement except in the state courts of Delaware or the United States District Court for the District of Delaware, and (c) hereby waive, and agree not to assert, by way of motion, as a defense, or otherwise, in any such suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not subject personally to the jurisdiction of the above-named courts, that its property is exempt or immune from attachment or execution, that the suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum, that the venue of the suit, action or proceeding is improper or that this Agreement or the subject matter hereof may not be enforced in or by such court.
6.12 Delays or Omissions. No delay or omission to exercise any right, power, or remedy accruing to any party under this Agreement, upon any breach or default of any other party under this Agreement, shall impair any such right, power, or remedy of such nonbreaching or non-defaulting party, nor shall it be construed to be a waiver of or acquiescence to any such breach or default, or to any similar breach or default thereafter occurring, nor shall any waiver of any single breach or default be deemed a waiver of any other breach or default theretofore or thereafter occurring. All remedies, whether under this Agreement or by law or otherwise afforded to any party, shall be cumulative and not alternative.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| COMPANY: | ||
| VIDA GLOBAL INC., a Delaware corporation | ||
| By: | /s/ Lyle Pratt | |
| Name: | Lyle Pratt | |
| Title: | CEO | |
| -29- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| TVP BITCOIN VENTURE FUND II, L.P. | ||
| By: | /s/ Christopher Calicott | |
| Name: | Christopher Calicott | |
| Title: | Managing Director | |
| TVP BITCOIN VENTURE FUND I, L.P. | ||
| By: | /s/ Christopher Calicott | |
| Name: | Christopher Calicott | |
| Title: | Managing Director | |
| -30- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| SERIES 21 OF ARAMANA LLC | ||
| By: | /s/ Nicholas Owen Gunden | |
| Name: | Nicholas Owen Gunden | |
| Title: | Member | |
| -31- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| By: | /s/ Christopher Calicott | |
| Name: | Christopher Calicott | |
| Title: | ||
| -32- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| FIFTH LANE PARTNERS FUND, LP | ||
| By: | /s/ Cavan Copeland | |
| Name: | Cavan Copeland | |
| Title: | Managing Partner | |
| -33- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| HODL HOLDINGS INC | ||
| By: | /s/ Brad Mills | |
| Name: | Brad Mills | |
| Title: | Authorized Person | |
| -34- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| By: | /s/ Timothy Leung | |
| Name: | Timothy Leung | |
| Title: | ||
| -35- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
LIGHTNING
VENTURES NODE 1 FUND, By: Fund GP, LLC, its General Partner By: Bellflower Fund Group, Ltd., Agent | ||
| By: | /s/ Joshua Cowdin | |
| Name: | Joshua Cowdin | |
| Title: | Authorized Person | |
VI-0710
FUND III, a series of By: Fund GP, LLC, its General Partner By: Bellflower Fund Group, Ltd., Agent | ||
| By: | /s/ Joshua Cowdin | |
| Name: | Joshua Cowdin | |
| Title: | Authorized Person | |
| -36- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| MOONSTRUCK VISTA, LLC | ||
| By: | /s/ Christopher Lamia | |
| Name: | Christopher Lamia | |
| Title: | Managing Partner | |
| -37- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| NORSTAR CAPITAL,LLC | ||
| By: | /s/ David E. Kusta, Jr. | |
| Name: | David E. Kusta, Jr. | |
| Title: | Chief Manager | |
| -38- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| By: | /s/ Lyle Pratt | |
| Name: | Lyle Pratt | |
| Title: | ||
| -39- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
TIMECHAIN K/S, a Denmark limited partnership By: Concentric Scandinavia GP Holdings ApS, its General Partner | ||
| By: | /s/ Kjartan Rist | |
| Name: | Kjartan Rist | |
| Title: | Director | |
| -40- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| TRAMMELL FAMILY OFFICE, L.P. | ||
| By: | /s/ Dustin D. Trammell | |
| Name: | Dustin D. Trammell | |
| Title: | Managing Director | |
| -41- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| WESTLAKE CAPITAL GROUP, LP | ||
| By: | /s/ Kathryn Boykin | |
| Name: | Kathryn Boykin | |
| Title: | VP of the GP, Packsaddle Development, Inc. | |
| -42- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| By: | /s/ Zach Young | |
| Name: | Zach Young | |
| Title: | ||
| -43- |
SCHEDULE A
INVESTORS
| -44- |
Exhibit 4.2
AMENDED AND RESTATED VOTING AGREEMENT
THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED VOTING AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is made as of August 29, 2025, by and among VIDA Global Inc., a Delaware corporation, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), the Investors (as defined below) and the Key Holders (as defined below).
RECITALS
WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, the Company and certain of the Investors are entering into a Series A Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement (as may be amended from time to time, the “Purchase Agreement”) providing for the sale of shares of the Series A Preferred Stock (as defined below). Certain of the Investors (the “Existing Investors”) and the Key Holders (the “Existing Key Holders”) are parties to that certain Voting Agreement, dated April 28, 2023, by and among the Company and the parties thereto (the “Prior Agreement”). The Company, the undersigned Existing Key Holders and the undersigned Existing Investors party to the Prior Agreement desire to amend and restate that agreement to provide those Investors purchasing shares of the Series A Preferred Stock pursuant to the Purchase Agreement with the right, among other rights, to elect certain members of the board of directors of the Company (the “Board”) in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.
WHEREAS, as of the date hereof, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (as the same may be amended and/or restated from time to time, the “Restated Certificate”) provides that (a) the holders of record of the shares of the Series A Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value per share, of the Company (“Series A Preferred Stock”), exclusively and as a separate class, shall be entitled to elect one (1) director of the Company (the “Preferred Director”); (b) the holders of record of the shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, of the Company (“Common Stock”), exclusively and as a separate class, shall be entitled to elect two (2) directors of the Company (the “Common Directors”); and (c) the holders of record of the shares of Common Stock and of any other class or series of voting stock (including the Preferred Stock), exclusively and voting together as a single class on an as-converted basis, shall be entitled to elect the balance of the total number of directors of the Company (each, a “Mutual Director”).
WHEREAS, the parties also desire to enter into this Agreement to set forth their agreements and understandings with respect to how shares of the capital stock of the Company held by them will be voted on, or tendered, in connection with, an acquisition of the Company and voted on in connection with an increase in the number of shares of Common Stock required to provide for the conversion of the Preferred Stock.
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows:
1. Voting Provisions Regarding the Board.
1.1 Definitions. For purposes of this Agreement:
(a) “Affiliate” means, with respect to any specified Person, any other Person who, directly or indirectly, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with such Person, including, without limitation, any general partner, managing member, officer, director or trustee of such Person, or any venture capital fund or other investment fund now or hereafter existing that is controlled by one or more general partners, managing members or investment advisers of, or shares the same management company or investment adviser with, such Person.
(b) “Direct Listing” means the initial listing of the Common Stock (or other equity securities of the Company) on the Nasdaq Stock Market, the New York Stock Exchange or another exchange or marketplace approved by the Board of Directors by means of an effective registration statement filed by the Company with the SEC, without a related underwritten offering of such Common Stock (or other equity securities).
(c) “Investors” means the persons named on Schedule A hereto, each person who hereafter becomes a party to this Agreement pursuant to Section 7.1(a) and each person to whom the rights of an Investor are assigned pursuant to Section 7.2.
(d) “IPO” means the Company’s first underwritten public offering of its Common Stock under the Securities Act.
(e) “Key Holders” means the persons named on Schedule B hereto, each person who hereafter becomes a party to this Agreement pursuant to Section 7.1(b) and each person to whom the rights of a Key Holder are assigned pursuant to Section 7.2.
(f) “Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, trust, limited liability company, association, or other entity.
(g) “Preferred Stock” means, collectively, shares of the Series A Preferred Stock, Series Seed-1 Preferred Stock and Series Seed-2 Preferred Stock.
(h) A “Qualified Key Holder” is a Key Holder and (i) if an individual, is providing services to the Company as an employee or consultant (excluding service solely as member of the Board) and (ii) if an entity, is owned or controlled by an individual providing services to the Company as an employee or consultant (excluding service solely as member of the Board).
(i) “Sanctioned Party” means any Person: (i) organized under the laws of, ordinarily resident in, or located in a country or territory that is the subject of comprehensive Sanctions (which as of the date of this Agreement comprise Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Syria, and the Crimea, Donetsk, and Luhansk regions of Ukraine (“Restricted Countries”)); (ii) 50% or more owned or controlled by the government of a Restricted Country; or (iii) (A) designated on a sanctioned parties list administered by the United States, European Union, or United Kingdom, including, without limitation, the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control’s Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List, Foreign Sanctions Evaders List, Sectoral Sanctions Identification List, the Consolidated List of Persons, Groups, and Entities Subject to EU Financial Sanctions, and the UK’s Consolidated Sanctions List (collectively, “Designated Parties”); or (B) 50% or more owned or, where relevant under applicable Sanctions, controlled, individually or in the aggregate, by one or more Designated Party, in each case only to the extent that dealings with such Person is are prohibited pursuant to applicable Sanctions.
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(j) “Sanctions” means applicable laws and regulations pertaining to trade and economic sanctions administered by the United States, European Union, or United Kingdom.
(k) “Series Seed-1 Preferred Stock” means shares of the Company’s Series Seed-1 Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value per share.
(l) “Series Seed-2 Preferred Stock” means shares of the Company’s Series Seed-2 Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value per share.
1.2 “Shares” shall mean and include any securities of the Company that the holders of which are entitled to vote for members of the Board, including, without limitation, all shares of Common Stock and Preferred Stock, by whatever name called, now owned or subsequently acquired by a Stockholder, however acquired, whether through stock splits, stock dividends, reclassifications, recapitalizations, similar events or otherwise.
(a) “Stockholders” means the Investors, and the Key Holders, and each other stockholder of the Company that becomes party to this Agreement that is not an Investor or Key Holder (which other stockholders shall be set forth on Schedule C to this Agreement).
(b) Any reference in this Agreement to “vote” or “voting” or similar language shall include, without limitation, action by written consent of the stockholders.
1.3 Board Composition. Each Stockholder agrees to vote, or cause to be voted, all Shares owned by such Stockholder, or over which such Stockholder has voting control, from time to time and at all times, in whatever manner as shall be necessary to ensure that the size of the Board shall be set and remain at five (5) directors and that at each annual or special meeting of stockholders at which an election of directors is held or pursuant to any written consent of the stockholders, subject to Section 5, the following persons shall be elected to the Board:
(a) As the Preferred Director, one person designated from time to time by TVP Bitcoin Venture Fund II, L.P. (“TVP”), for so long as TVP and its Affiliates (i) continue to beneficially own an aggregate of at least 114,569 shares of Common Stock issued or issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock, which number is subject to appropriate adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, recapitalizations and the like, which number is subject to appropriate adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, recapitalizations and the like and (ii) are not Sanctioned Parties, which individual as of the date of this Agreement is which individual shall initially be Christopher Calicott. Christopher Calicott shall be elected as Chairman of the Board for so long as he serves as the Preferred Director;
(b) As a Common Director, one individual who is designated by Qualified Key Holders holding a majority of the shares of Common Stock held by Qualified Key Holders, for so long as any Qualified Key Holder holds any shares of Common Stock, which individual as of the date of this Agreement is Timothy Noah Hayes;
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(c) As the other Common Director, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer (the “CEO Director”), who as of the date of this Agreement is Lyle Pratt, provided that if for any reason the CEO Director shall cease to serve as the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, each of the Stockholders shall promptly vote their respective Shares (i) to remove the former Chief Executive Officer from the Board if such person has not resigned from the position of CEO Director; and (ii) to elect the then-current Chief Executive Officer of the Company to serve as the new CEO Director; and
(d) As each Mutual Director, one individual who is not otherwise an Affiliate of the Company or of any Investor and who is designated by unanimous agreement of the other then-seated members of the Board (the “Mutual Director”), which seats shall initially be vacant.
For clarity, to the extent that the election of a Director pursuant to any of foregoing clauses (a) through (d) above shall not be applicable, or shall cause the Company to violate applicable Sanctions, any member of the Board who would otherwise have been designated in accordance with the terms thereof shall instead be voted upon by all the stockholders of the Company entitled to vote thereon in accordance with, and pursuant to, the Restated Certificate.
1.4 Failure to Designate a Director Candidate; Vacancies. In the absence of any designation from the Person(s) with the right to designate a director as specified above, the individual then serving in such director position shall be reelected if willing to serve unless such individual has been removed as provided herein, and otherwise such Board seat shall remain vacant until filled as provided above. Similarly, in the absence of the requisite approval of the Board and/or the Company’s stockholders, as applicable, of an individual to serve as a director as specified above, the individual then serving in such director position shall be reelected if willing to serve unless such individual has been removed as provided herein, and otherwise such Board seat shall remain vacant until filled as provided above. Any vacancies created by the resignation, removal or death of a director elected pursuant to Section 1.3 shall be filled only pursuant to the provisions of this Section 1.4.
1.5 Removal of Board Members. Each Stockholder also agrees to vote, or cause to be voted, all Shares owned by such Stockholder, or over which such Stockholder has voting control, from time to time and at all times, in whatever manner as shall be necessary to ensure that:
(a) a director elected or serving pursuant to Section 1.3, or reelected pursuant to Section 1.4, shall be promptly removed from office upon the occurrence of any of the following: (i) written request of any Person(s) who would be entitled to designate a replacement for such director pursuant to Section 1.3 to remove such director; (ii) written request of stockholders that hold the requisite votes to approve a replacement for such director pursuant to Section 1.3 to remove such director; (iii) if such director is the Mutual Director, upon the affirmative vote of a majority of the Person(s) entitled to designate such director; (iv) if such director is no longer entitled or eligible to occupy such Board seat pursuant to the applicable conditions of Section 1.3; or (v) either the Director or the Person or Entity entitled to designate the Director is a Sanctioned Party;
(b) no director elected or serving pursuant to Section 1.3, or reelected pursuant to Section 1.4, may be removed from office unless (i) such removal is made in accordance with Section 1.5(a); or (ii) the applicable subsection of Section 1.3 is no longer in effect pursuant to its terms.
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1.6 Stockholder Action. All Stockholders agree to execute any written consents required to perform the obligations of this Section 1, and the Company agrees to call a special meeting of stockholders for the purpose of electing, removing or replacing directors upon the written request of (i) any Person entitled to designate a director or (ii) the holders of the requisite number of shares of capital stock entitled to approve a director candidate pursuant to Section 1.3.
1.7 No Liability for Election of Designated or Approved Directors. No Stockholder, nor any Affiliate of any Stockholder, shall have any liability as a result of designating or approving a person for election as a director for any act or omission by such designated or approved person in such person’s capacity as a director of the Company, nor shall any Stockholder have any liability as a result of voting for any such designee in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.
2. Vote to Increase Authorized Common Stock. Each Stockholder agrees to vote or cause to be voted all Shares owned by such Stockholder, or over which such Stockholder has voting control, from time to time and at all times, in whatever manner as shall be necessary to increase the number of authorized shares of Common Stock from time to time to ensure that there will be sufficient shares of Common Stock available for conversion of all of the shares of Preferred Stock outstanding at any given time.
3. Drag-Along Right.
3.1 Definitions. A “Sale of the Company” shall mean either: (a) a transaction or series of related transactions in which a Person, or a group of related Persons, acquires from stockholders of the Company shares representing more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding voting power of the Company (a “Stock Sale”); or (b) a transaction that qualifies as a “Deemed Liquidation Event” as defined in the Restated Certificate.
3.2 Actions to be Taken. In the event that (i) the holders of at least a majority of the shares of Common Stock then issued or issuable upon conversion of the then-outstanding shares of Preferred Stock, which majority must include TVP (the “Selling Investors”); and (ii) the holders of a majority of the then outstanding shares of Common Stock (other than those issued or issuable upon conversion of the shares of Preferred Stock) held by Qualified Key Holders voting as a separate class (collectively, (i) and (ii) are the “Electing Holders”) approve a Sale of the Company, Direct Listing, or IPO (which approval of the Electing Holders must be in writing), specifying that this Section 3 shall apply to such transaction, then, subject to satisfaction of each of the conditions set forth in Section 3.3 below, each Stockholder and the Company hereby agree:
(a) if such transaction requires stockholder approval, with respect to all Shares that such Stockholder owns or over which such Stockholder otherwise exercises voting power, to vote (in person, by proxy or by action by written consent, as applicable) all Shares in favor of, and approve, such Sale of the Company (together with any related amendment or restatement to the Restated Certificate required to implement such Sale of the Company) and the related definitive agreement(s) pursuant to which the Sale of the Company is to be consummated and to vote in opposition to any and all other proposals that could reasonably be expected to delay or impair the ability of the Company to consummate such Sale of the Company;
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(b) if such transaction is a Stock Sale, to sell the same proportion of shares of capital stock of the Company beneficially held by such Stockholder as is being sold by the Selling Investors to the Person to whom the Selling Investors propose to sell their Shares, and, except as permitted in Section 3.3 below, on the same terms and conditions as the other stockholders of the Company;
(c) to execute and deliver all related documentation and take such other action in support of the Sale of the Company as shall reasonably be requested by the Company or the Selling Investors in order to carry out the terms and provision of this Section 3, including, without limitation, (i) executing and delivering instruments of conveyance and transfer, and any purchase agreement, merger agreement, any associated indemnity agreement, or escrow agreement, any associated voting, support, or joinder agreement, consent, waiver, governmental filing, share certificates duly endorsed for transfer (free and clear of impermissible liens, claims and encumbrances), and any similar or related documents and (ii) providing any information reasonably necessary for any public filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with the Sale of the Company;
(d) not to deposit, and to cause their Affiliates not to deposit, except as provided in this Agreement, any Shares of the Company owned by such party or Affiliate in a voting trust or subject any Shares to any arrangement or agreement with respect to the voting of such Shares, unless specifically requested to do so by the acquirer in connection with the Sale of the Company;
(e) to refrain from (i) exercising any dissenters’ rights or rights of appraisal under applicable law at any time with respect to such Sale of the Company, or (ii) asserting any claim or commencing, joining or participating in any way (including, without limitation, as a member of a class in any action, suit or proceeding challenging the Sale of the Company, this Agreement, consummation of the transactions contemplated in connection with the Sale of the Company or this Agreement, without limitation, (x) challenging the validity of, or seeking to enjoin the operation of, or the definitive agreement(s) with respect to such Sale of the Company or (y) alleging a breach of any fiduciary duty of the Selling Investors or any Affiliate or associate thereof, directors of the Company or the acquirer(s) (including, without limitation, aiding and abetting breach of fiduciary duty) in connection with the Sale of the Company or any action taken thereby with respect to such Sale of the Company;
(f) if the consideration to be paid in exchange for the Shares pursuant to this Section 3 includes any securities and due receipt thereof by any Stockholder would require under applicable law (x) the registration or qualification of such securities or of any person as a broker or dealer or agent with respect to such securities; or (y) the provision to any Stockholder of any information other than such information as a prudent issuer would generally furnish in an offering made solely to “accredited investors” as defined in Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the Company may cause to be paid to any such Stockholder in lieu thereof, against surrender of the Shares which would have otherwise been sold by such Stockholder, an amount in cash equal to the fair value (as determined in good faith by the Board) of the securities which such Stockholder would otherwise receive as of the date of the issuance of such securities in exchange for the Shares; and
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(g) in the event that the Selling Investors, in connection with such Sale of the Company, appoint a stockholder representative (the “Stockholder Representative”) with respect to matters affecting the Stockholders under the applicable definitive transaction agreements following consummation of such Sale of the Company, (x) to consent to (i) the appointment of such Stockholder Representative, (ii) the establishment of any applicable escrow, expense or similar fund in connection with any indemnification or similar obligations, and (iii) the payment of such Stockholder’s pro rata portion (from the applicable escrow or expense fund or otherwise) of any and all reasonable fees and expenses to such Stockholder Representative in connection with such Stockholder Representative’s services and duties in connection with such Sale of the Company and its related service as the representative of the Stockholders, and (y) not to assert any claim or commence any suit against the Stockholder Representative or any other Stockholder with respect to any action or inaction taken or failed to be taken by the Stockholder Representative, within the scope of the Stockholder Representative’s authority, in connection with its service as the Stockholder Representative, absent fraud, bad faith, or willful misconduct.
3.3 Conditions. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein, a Stockholder will not be required to comply with Section 3.2 above in connection with any proposed Sale of the Company (the “Proposed Sale”), unless:
(a) any representations and warranties to be made by such Stockholder in connection with the Proposed Sale are limited to representations and warranties related to authority, ownership and the ability to convey title to such Shares, including, but not limited to, representations and warranties that (i) the Stockholder holds all right, title and interest in and to the Shares such Stockholder purports to hold, free and clear of all liens and encumbrances, (ii) the obligations of the Stockholder in connection with the transaction have been duly authorized, if applicable, (iii) the documents to be entered into by the Stockholder have been duly executed by the Stockholder and delivered to the acquirer and are enforceable (subject to customary limitations) against the Stockholder in accordance with their respective terms; and (iv) neither the execution and delivery of documents to be entered into by the Stockholder in connection with the transaction, nor the performance of the Stockholder’s obligations thereunder, will cause a breach or violation of the terms of any agreement (including the Company’s or such Stockholder’s organizational documents) to which the Stockholder is a party, or any law or judgment, order or decree of any court or governmental agency that applies to the Stockholder;
(b) such Stockholder is not required to agree (unless such Stockholder is a Company officer, director, or employee) to any restrictive covenant in connection with the Proposed Sale (including, without limitation, any covenant not to compete or covenant not to solicit customers, employees or suppliers of any party to the Proposed Sale) or any release of claims other than a release in customary form of claims arising solely in such Stockholder’s capacity as a stockholder of the Company;
(c) such Stockholder and its Affiliates are not required to amend, extend or terminate any contractual or other relationship with the Company, the acquirer or their respective Affiliates, except that the Stockholder may be required to agree to terminate the investment-related documents between or among such Stockholder, the Company and/or other stockholders of the Company;
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(d) the Stockholder is not liable for the breach of any representation, warranty or covenant made by any other Person in connection with the Proposed Sale, other than the Company (except to the extent that funds may be paid out of an escrow established to cover breach of representations, warranties and covenants of the Company as well as breach by any stockholder of any of identical representations, warranties and covenants provided by all stockholders);
(e) liability shall be limited to such Stockholder’s applicable share (determined based on the respective proceeds payable to each Stockholder in connection with such Proposed Sale in accordance with the provisions of the Restated Certificate) of a negotiated aggregate indemnification amount that in no event exceeds the amount of consideration otherwise payable to such Stockholder in connection with such Proposed Sale in such person’s capacity as a stockholder of the Company, except with respect to claims related to fraud by such Stockholder, the liability for which need not be limited as to such Stockholder;
(f) upon the consummation of the Proposed Sale (i) each holder of each class or series of the capital stock of the Company will receive the same form of consideration for their shares of such class or series as is received by other holders in respect of their shares of such same class or series of stock, and if any holders of any capital stock of the Company are given a choice as to the form of consideration to be received as a result of the Proposed Sale, all holders of such capital stock will be given the same option, (ii) each holder of a series of Preferred Stock will receive the same amount of consideration per share of such series of Preferred Stock as is received by other holders in respect of their shares of such same series, (iii) each holder of Common Stock will receive the same amount of consideration per share of Common Stock as is received by other holders in respect of their shares of Common Stock, and (iv) unless waived pursuant to the terms of the Restated Certificate or as may be required by law, the aggregate consideration receivable by all holders of the Preferred Stock and Common Stock shall be allocated among the holders of Preferred Stock and Common Stock on the basis of the relative liquidation preferences to which the holders of each respective series of Preferred Stock and the holders of Common Stock are entitled in a Deemed Liquidation Event (assuming for this purpose that the Proposed Sale is a Deemed Liquidation Event) in accordance with the Company’s Restated Certificate in effect immediately prior to the Proposed Sale; provided, however, that, notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 3.3(f), if the consideration to be paid in exchange for the Shares held by the Stockholder pursuant to this Section 3.3(f) includes any securities and due receipt thereof by any Stockholder would require under applicable law (x) the registration or qualification of such securities or of any person as a broker or dealer or agent with respect to such securities; or (y) the provision to any Stockholder of any information other than such information as a prudent issuer would generally furnish in an offering made solely to “accredited investors” as defined in Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act, the Company may cause to be paid to any such Stockholder in lieu thereof, against surrender of the Shares held by the Stockholder, which would have otherwise been sold by such Stockholder, an amount in cash equal to the fair value (as determined in good faith by the Board) of the securities which such Stockholder would otherwise receive as of the date of the issuance of such securities in exchange for the Shares held by the Stockholder; and
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(g) subject to clause (f) above, requiring the same form of consideration to be available to the holders of any single class or series of capital stock, if any holders of any capital stock of the Company are given an option as to the form and amount of consideration to be received as a result of the Proposed Sale, all holders of such capital stock will be given the same option; provided, however, that nothing in this Section 3.3(g) shall entitle any holder to receive any form of consideration that such holder would be ineligible to receive as a result of such holder’s failure to satisfy any condition, requirement or limitation that is generally applicable to the Company’s stockholders.
3.4 Restrictions on Sales of Control of the Company. No Stockholder shall be a party to any Stock Sale unless (a) all holders of Preferred Stock are allowed to participate in such transaction(s) and (b) the consideration received pursuant to such transaction is allocated among the parties thereto in the manner specified in the Company’s Restated Certificate in effect immediately prior to the Stock Sale (as if such transaction(s) were a Deemed Liquidation Event), unless the holders of at least the requisite percentage required to waive treatment of the transaction(s) as a Deemed Liquidation Event pursuant to the terms of the Restated Certificate, elect to allocate the consideration differently by written notice given to the Company at least thirty (30) days prior to the effective date of any such transaction or series of related transactions.
3.5 Effect of Sanctioned Party Status. For clarity, if any Stockholder is a Sanctioned Party, such Stockholder will not be required to take any action described in Section 3.2, and will not be entitled to receive any benefit described in Section 3.3, if such action would cause the Company or any other party to violate applicable Sanctions. The Shares held by such Stockholders shall be disregarded for the purpose of calculating any voting threshold set forth in this Agreement.
4. Remedies.
4.1 Covenants of the Company. In addition to its obligations pursuant to Section 1.5 above, the Company covenants and agrees to call a special meeting of stockholders for the purposes of (a) increasing the number of authorized shares of Common Stock as contemplated by Section 2, upon the written request of any holder of Preferred Stock, and (b) approving a Sale of the Company, upon the written request of the Selling Investors in accordance with Section 3.3.
4.2 Irrevocable Proxy and Power of Attorney. Each party to this Agreement hereby constitutes and appoints as the proxies of the party and hereby grants a power of attorney to the President of the Company and the Chairperson of the Board (each, a “Proxyholder”), and a designee of the Selling Investors, and each of them, with full power of substitution, with respect to the matters set forth herein, including, without limitation, votes regarding the size and composition of the Board, votes to increase authorized shares and votes regarding any Sale of the Company, and hereby authorizes each of them to represent and vote, if and only if the party (i) fails to vote within five business days after request by the Company, (ii) is prohibited from voting due to Sanctions or other applicable laws, or (iii) attempts to vote (whether by proxy, in person or by written consent), in a manner which is inconsistent with the terms of this Agreement, all of such party’s Shares in favor of the election or removal of persons as members of the Board determined pursuant to and in accordance with the terms and provisions of this Agreement or the increase of authorized shares or approval of any Sale of the Company pursuant to and in accordance with the terms and provisions of this Agreement or to take any action reasonably necessary to effect this Agreement. The power of attorney granted hereunder shall authorize each Proxyholder to execute and deliver any documentation required by this Agreement on behalf of any party failing to do so within five (5) business days after request by the Company. Each of the proxy and power of attorney granted pursuant to this Section 4.2 is given in consideration of the agreements and covenants of the Company and the parties in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and, as such, each is coupled with an interest and shall be irrevocable unless and until this Agreement terminates or expires pursuant to Section 6 hereof. Each party hereto hereby revokes any and all previous proxies or powers of attorney with respect to the Shares and shall not hereafter, unless and until this Agreement terminates or expires pursuant to Section 6 hereof, purport to grant any other proxy or power of attorney with respect to any of the Shares, deposit any of the Shares into a voting trust or enter into any agreement (other than this Agreement), arrangement or understanding with any person, directly or indirectly, to vote, grant any proxy or give instructions with respect to the voting of any of the Shares, in each case, with respect to any of the matters set forth herein.
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4.3 Specific Enforcement. Each party acknowledges and agrees that each party hereto will be irreparably damaged in the event any of the provisions of this Agreement are not performed by the parties in accordance with their specific terms or are otherwise breached. Accordingly, it is agreed that each of the Company and the Stockholders shall be entitled to an injunction to prevent breaches of this Agreement, and to specific enforcement of this Agreement and its terms and provisions in any action instituted in any court of the United States or any state having subject matter jurisdiction; provided that no party that is regulated as a bank holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, shall have the right to enforce against any Stockholder any provision of this Agreement that (a) requires a Stockholder to vote for or against any matter or (b) restricts or conditions the ability of a Stockholder to transfer its Shares. Each party to this Agreement agrees to use commercially reasonable efforts to cooperate in seeking and agreeing to an expedited schedule in any litigation seeking an injunction or order of specific performance.
4.4 Remedies Cumulative. All remedies, either under this Agreement or by law or otherwise afforded to any party, shall be cumulative and not alternative.
5. “Bad Actor” and Sanctioned Party Matters.
5.1 Definitions. For purposes of this Agreement:
(a) “Company Covered Person” means, with respect to the Company as an “issuer” for purposes of Rule 506 promulgated under the Securities Act, any Person listed in the first paragraph of Rule 506(d)(1).
(b) “Disqualified Designee” means any director designee to whom any Disqualification Event is applicable, except for a Disqualification Event as to which Rule 506(d)(2)(ii) or (iii) or (d)(3) is applicable.
(c) “Disqualification Event” means a “bad actor” disqualifying event described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i)-(viii) promulgated under the Securities Act or any event which results in a director designee becoming a Sanctioned Party.
(d) “Rule 506(d) Related Party” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that is a beneficial owner of such first Person’s securities for purposes of Rule 506(d) under the Securities Act.
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5.2 Representations.
(a) Each Person with the right to designate or participate in the designation of a director pursuant to this Agreement hereby represents that (i) such Person has exercised reasonable care to determine whether any Disqualification Event is applicable to such Person, any director designee designated by such Person pursuant to this Agreement or any of such Person’s Rule 506(d) Related Parties, except, if applicable, for a Disqualification Event as to which Rule 506(d)(2)(ii) or (iii) or (d)(3) is applicable and (ii) no Disqualification Event is applicable to such Person, any Board member designated by such Person pursuant to this Agreement or, to such Person’s knowledge, any of such Person’s Rule 506(d) Related Parties, except, if applicable, for a Disqualification Event as to which Rule 506(d)(2)(ii) or (iii) or (d)(3) is applicable. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, each Investor makes no representation regarding any Person that may be deemed to be a beneficial owner of the Company’s voting equity securities held by such Investor solely by virtue of that Person being or becoming a party to (x) this Agreement, as may be subsequently amended, or (y) any other contract or written agreement to which the Company and such Investor are parties regarding (1) the voting power, which includes the power to vote or to direct the voting of, such security; and/or (2) the investment power, which includes the power to dispose, or to direct the disposition of, such security.
(b) The Company hereby represents and warrants to the Investors that no Disqualification Event is applicable to the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, any Company Covered Person, except for a Disqualification Event as to which Rule 506(d)(2)(ii)-(iv) or (d)(3) is applicable.
5.3 Covenants. Each Person with the right to designate or participate in the designation of a director pursuant to this Agreement covenants and agrees (i) not to designate or participate in the designation of any director designee who, to such Person’s knowledge, is a Disqualified Designee, (ii) to exercise reasonable care to determine whether any director designee designated by such person is a Disqualified Designee, (iii) that in the event such Person becomes aware that any individual previously designated by any such Person is or has become a Disqualified Designee, such Person shall as promptly as practicable take such actions as are necessary to remove such Disqualified Designee from the Board and designate a replacement designee who is not a Disqualified Designee, and (iv) to notify the Company promptly in writing in the event a Disqualification Event becomes applicable to such Person or any of its Rule 506(d) Related Parties, or, to such Person’s knowledge, to such Person’s initial designee named in Section 1.3, except, if applicable, for a Disqualification Event as to which Rule 506(d)(2)(ii) or (iii) or (d)(3) is applicable.
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6. Term. This Agreement shall be effective as of the date hereof and shall continue in effect until and shall terminate upon the earliest to occur of (a) the consummation of the Company’s first underwritten public offering of its Common Stock (other than a registration statement relating either to the sale of securities to employees of the Company pursuant to its stock option, stock purchase or similar plan or an SEC Rule 145 transaction), or Qualified Direct Listing (as defined in the Restated Certificate); (b) the consummation of a Sale of the Company and distribution of proceeds to or escrow for the benefit of the Stockholders in accordance with the Restated Certificate, provided that the provisions of Section 3 hereof will continue after the closing of any Sale of the Company to the extent necessary to enforce the provisions of Section 3 with respect to such Sale of the Company; and (c) termination of this Agreement in accordance with Section 7.8 below.
7. Miscellaneous.
7.1 Additional Parties.
(a) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, if the Company issues additional shares of Preferred Stock after the date hereof, as a condition to the issuance of such shares the Company shall require that any purchaser of such shares become a party to this Agreement by executing and delivering a counterpart signature page to this Agreement agreeing to be bound by and subject to the terms of this Agreement as an Investor and Stockholder hereunder. Each such Person shall thereafter be deemed an Investor and Stockholder for all purposes under this Agreement. The Company shall amend Schedule A to include such purchaser as an Investor and Stockholder, but failure to update Schedule A shall not negate such Investor’s rights and obligations pursuant to this Agreement.
(b) In the event that after the date of this Agreement, the Company enters into an agreement with any Person to issue any shares of capital stock or options or warrants to purchase shares of capital stock to such Person (other than to a purchaser of Preferred Stock described in Section 7.1(a) above), following which such Person shall hold Shares constituting one percent (1%) or more of the then outstanding capital stock of the Company (treating for this purpose all shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of or conversion of outstanding options, warrants or convertible securities, as if exercised and/or converted or exchanged), then, the Company shall cause such Person, as a condition precedent to entering into such agreement, to become a party to this Agreement by executing and delivering a counterpart signature page to this Agreement agreeing to be bound by and subject to the terms of this Agreement as a Stockholder and, if applicable, a Key Holder. Each such Person shall thereafter be deemed a Stockholder and, if applicable, a Key Holder for all purposes under this Agreement. The Company shall amend Schedule B to include such purchaser as a Key Holder, if applicable, and shall amend Schedule C to include such purchaser as a Stockholder, but failure to update Schedule B and/or Schedule C shall not negate such Stockholder’s rights and obligations pursuant to this Agreement.
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7.2 Transfers. Each transferee or assignee of any Shares subject to this Agreement shall continue to be subject to the terms hereof, and, as a condition precedent to the Company’s recognition of such transfer, each transferee or assignee shall agree in writing to be subject to each of the terms of this Agreement by executing and delivering a counterpart signature page in this Agreement, agreeing to be bound by and subject to the terms of this Agreement in the same capacity as the transferor. Upon the execution and delivery of a counterpart signature page to this Agreement by any transferee, such transferee shall be deemed to be a party hereto as if such transferee were the transferor and such transferee’s signature appeared on the signature pages of this Agreement and shall be deemed to be an Investor and Stockholder, or Key Holder and Stockholder, as applicable. The Company shall not permit the transfer of the Shares subject to this Agreement on its books or issue a new certificate representing any such Shares unless and until such transferee shall have complied with the terms of this Section 7.2. Each certificate instrument, or book entry representing the Shares subject to this Agreement if issued on or after the date of this Agreement shall be notated by the Company with the legend set forth in Section 7.12. The Company shall amend the applicable Schedules to include such transferee as an Investor, Key Holder, and/or Stockholder, as applicable, but the Company’s failure to update the Schedules to this Agreement shall not negate such Stockholder’s rights and obligations pursuant to this Agreement.
7.3 Successors and Assigns. The terms and conditions of this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the respective successors and assigns of the parties. Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any party other than the parties hereto or their respective successors and assigns any rights, remedies, obligations, or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided in this Agreement.
7.4 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by the internal law of the State of Delaware, without regard to conflict of law principles that would result in the application of any law other than the law of the State of Delaware.
7.5 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two (2) or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Counterparts may be delivered via electronic mail (including pdf or any electronic signature complying with the U.S. ESIGN Act of 2000, e.g., www.docusign.com) or other transmission method and any counterpart so delivered shall be deemed to have been duly and validly delivered and be valid and effective for all purposes.
7.6 Titles and Subtitles. The titles and subtitles used in this Agreement are used for convenience only and are not to be considered in construing or interpreting this Agreement.
7.7 Notices.
(a) General. All notices and other communications given or made pursuant to this Agreement shall be in writing (including electronic mail as permitted in this Agreement) and shall be deemed effectively given upon the earlier of actual receipt or (a) personal delivery to the party to be notified, (b) when sent, if sent by electronic mail during normal business hours of the recipient, and if not sent during normal business hours, then on the recipient’s next business day, (c) five (5) days after having been sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, or (d) one (1) business day after the business day of deposit with a nationally recognized overnight courier, freight prepaid, specifying next business day delivery, with written verification of receipt. All communications shall be sent to the respective parties at their address as set forth on the Schedules to this Agreement, or (as to the Company) to the principal office of the Company and to the attention of the Chief Executive Officer, or, in any case, to such electronic mail address or address as subsequently modified by written notice given in accordance with this Section 7.7. If notice is given to the Company, a copy (which copy shall not constitute notice) shall also be sent to Dwyer Murphy Calvert LLP, 1301 West 25th Street, Suite 560, Austin, TX 78705, Attn: Sara Hellman; or via email at shellman@dmc-law.com and if notice is given to the Investors, a copy (which copy shall not constitute notice) shall also be sent to Kastner Gravelle LLP, 301 West Ave., Suite 200, Austin, Texas 78701, Attn: Jerry Galvan; or via email at jerry@kastnergravelle.com.
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(b) Consent to Electronic Notice. Each Stockholder consents to the delivery of any stockholder notice pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”), as amended or superseded from time to time, by electronic mail pursuant to Section 232 of the DGCL (or any successor thereto) at the electronic mail address set forth below such Stockholder’s name on the Schedules hereto, as updated from time to time by notice to the Company, or as on the books of the Company. To the extent that any notice given by means of electronic mail is returned or undeliverable for any reason, the foregoing consent shall be deemed to have been revoked until a new or corrected electronic mail address has been provided, and such attempted electronic notice shall be ineffective and deemed to not have been given. Each Stockholder agrees to promptly notify the Company of any change in its electronic mail address, and that failure to do so shall not affect the foregoing.
7.8 Consent Required to Amend, Modify, Terminate or Waive. This Agreement may be amended, modified or terminated (other than pursuant to Section 6) and the observance of any term hereof may be waived (either generally or in a particular instance and either retroactively or prospectively) only by a written instrument executed by (a) the Company; (b) the Qualified Key Holders holding a majority of the Shares then held by the Qualified Key Holders; and (c) the holders of a majority of the shares of Common Stock issued or issuable upon conversion of the then outstanding shares of Preferred Stock then held by the Investors (voting together as a single class on an as-converted basis), which majority must include TVP; provided that Shares held by a Sanctioned Party shall be disregarded for the purpose of the calculating the percentages set forth in this section. Notwithstanding the foregoing:
(a) this Agreement may not be amended, modified or terminated and the observance of any term of this Agreement may not be waived with respect to any Investor or Key Holder without the written consent of such Investor or Key Holder unless such amendment, modification, termination or waiver applies to all Investors or Key Holders, as the case may be, in the same fashion;
(b) the provisions of Section 1.3(a), Section 3.2(a) and this Section 7.8(b) may not be amended, modified, terminated or waived without the written consent of TVP.
(c) the consent of the Key Holders shall not be required for any amendment, modification, termination or waiver if such amendment, modification, termination, or waiver either (A) is not directly applicable to the rights of the Key Holders hereunder; or (B) does not adversely affect the rights of the Key Holders in a manner that is different than the effect on the rights of the other parties hereto;
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(d) the Schedules to this Agreement may be amended by the Company from time to time in accordance with Sections 7.1 and 7.2 without the consent of the other parties hereto; and
(e) any provision hereof may be waived by the waiving party on such party’s own behalf, without the consent of any other party.
The Company shall give prompt written notice of any amendment, modification, termination, or waiver hereunder to any party that did not consent in writing thereto. Any amendment, modification, termination, or waiver effected in accordance with this Section 7.8 shall be binding on each party and all of such party’s successors and permitted assigns, whether or not any such party, successor or assignee entered into or approved such amendment, modification, termination or waiver. For purposes of this Section 7.8, the requirement of a written instrument may be satisfied in the form of an action by written consent of the Stockholders circulated by the Company and executed by the Stockholder parties specified, whether or not such action by written consent makes explicit reference to the terms of this Agreement.
7.9 Delays or Omissions. No delay or omission to exercise any right, power or remedy accruing to any party under this Agreement, upon any breach or default of any other party under this Agreement, shall impair any such right, power or remedy of such non-breaching or non-defaulting party nor shall it be construed to be a waiver of any such breach or default, or an acquiescence therein, or of or in any similar breach or default thereafter occurring; nor shall any waiver of any single breach or default be deemed a waiver of any other breach or default previously or thereafter occurring. Any waiver, permit, consent or approval of any kind or character on the part of any party of any breach or default under this Agreement, or any waiver on the part of any party of any provisions or conditions of this Agreement, must be in writing and shall be effective only to the extent specifically set forth in such writing. All remedies, either under this Agreement or by law or otherwise afforded to any party, shall be cumulative and not alternative.
7.10 Severability. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision hereof shall in no way affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision.
7.11 Entire Agreement. Upon the effectiveness of this Agreement, the Prior Agreement shall be deemed amended and restated and superseded and replaced in its entirety by this Agreement, and shall be of no further force or effect. This Agreement (including the Exhibits and Schedules hereto) together with the Restated Certificate and other Transaction Agreements (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) constitute the full and entire understanding and agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof, and any other written or oral agreement relating to the subject matter hereof existing between or among any of the parties are expressly canceled.
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7.12 Share Certificate Legend. Each certificate, instrument, or book entry representing any Shares issued after the date hereof shall be notated by the Company with a legend reading substantially as follows:
“THE SHARES REPRESENTED HEREBY ARE SUBJECT TO A VOTING AGREEMENT, AS MAY BE AMENDED FROM TIME TO TIME (A COPY OF WHICH MAY BE OBTAINED UPON WRITTEN REQUEST FROM THE COMPANY), AND BY ACCEPTING ANY INTEREST IN SUCH SHARES THE PERSON ACCEPTING SUCH INTEREST SHALL BE DEEMED TO AGREE TO AND SHALL BECOME BOUND BY ALL THE PROVISIONS OF THAT VOTING AGREEMENT, INCLUDING CERTAIN RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER AND OWNERSHIP SET FORTH THEREIN.”
The Company, by its execution of this Agreement, agrees that it will cause the certificates, instruments, or book entry evidencing the Shares issued after the date hereof to be notated with the legend required by this Section 7.12 of this Agreement, and it shall supply, free of charge, a copy of this Agreement to any holder of such Shares upon written request from such holder to the Company at its principal office. The parties to this Agreement do hereby agree that the failure to cause the certificates, instruments, or book entry evidencing the Shares to be notated with the legend required by this Section 7.12 herein and/or the failure of the Company to supply, free of charge, a copy of this Agreement as provided hereunder shall not affect the validity or enforcement of this Agreement.
7.13 Stock Splits, Dividends and Recapitalizations. In the event of any issuance of Shares or the voting securities of the Company hereafter to any of the Stockholders (including, without limitation, in connection with any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, reorganization, or the like), such Shares shall become subject to this Agreement and shall be notated with the legend set forth in Section 7.12.
7.14 Manner of Voting. The voting of Shares pursuant to this Agreement may be effected in person, by proxy, by written consent or in any other manner permitted by applicable law. For the avoidance of doubt, voting of the Shares pursuant to the Agreement need not make explicit reference to the terms of this Agreement.
7.15 Further Assurances. At any time or from time to time after the date hereof, the parties agree to cooperate with each other, and at the request of any other party, to execute and deliver any further instruments or documents and to take all such further action as the other party may reasonably request in order to carry out the intent of the parties hereunder.
7.16 Dispute Resolution. The parties (a) hereby irrevocably and unconditionally submit to the jurisdiction of the state courts of Delaware and to the jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the District of Delaware for the purpose of any suit, action or other proceeding arising out of or based upon this Agreement, (b) agree not to commence any suit, action or other proceeding arising out of or based upon this Agreement except in the state courts of Delaware or the United States District Court for the District of Delaware, and (c) hereby waive, and agree not to assert, by way of motion, as a defense, or otherwise, in any such suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not subject personally to the jurisdiction of the above-named courts, that its property is exempt or immune from attachment or execution, that the suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum, that the venue of the suit, action or proceeding is improper or that this Agreement or the subject matter hereof may not be enforced in or by such court.
WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL: EACH PARTY HEREBY WAIVES ITS RIGHTS TO A JURY TRIAL OF ANY CLAIM OR CAUSE OF ACTION BASED UPON OR ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT, THE OTHER TRANSACTION AGREEMENTS, THE SECURITIES OR THE SUBJECT MATTER HEREOF OR THEREOF. THE SCOPE OF THIS WAIVER IS INTENDED TO BE ALL-ENCOMPASSING OF ANY AND ALL DISPUTES THAT MAY BE FILED IN ANY COURT AND THAT RELATE TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS TRANSACTION, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, CONTRACT CLAIMS, TORT CLAIMS (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), BREACH OF DUTY CLAIMS, AND ALL OTHER COMMON LAW AND STATUTORY CLAIMS. THIS SECTION HAS BEEN FULLY DISCUSSED BY EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO AND THESE PROVISIONS WILL NOT BE SUBJECT TO ANY EXCEPTIONS. EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY FURTHER WARRANTS AND REPRESENTS THAT SUCH PARTY HAS REVIEWED THIS WAIVER WITH ITS LEGAL COUNSEL, AND THAT SUCH PARTY KNOWINGLY AND VOLUNTARILY WAIVES ITS JURY TRIAL RIGHTS FOLLOWING CONSULTATION WITH LEGAL COUNSEL.
7.17 Costs of Enforcement. If any party to this Agreement seeks to enforce its rights under this Agreement by legal proceedings, the non-prevailing party shall pay all costs and expenses incurred by the prevailing party, including, without limitation, all reasonable attorneys’ fees.
7.18 Aggregation of Stock. All Shares held or acquired by a Stockholder and/or its Affiliates shall be aggregated together for the purpose of determining the availability of any rights under this Agreement, and such Affiliates may apportion such rights as among themselves in any manner they deem appropriate.
[Signature Page Follows]
| -16- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Voting Agreement as of the date first written above.
| COMPANY: | ||
| VIDA GLOBAL INC., a Delaware corporation | ||
| By: | /s/ Lyle Pratt | |
| Name: | Lyle Pratt | |
| Title: | President | |
| KEY HOLDERS: | ||
| Lyle Pratt | ||
| Signature: | /s/ Lyle Pratt | |
| Lyle Pratt | ||
| Brandon Robinson | ||
| Signature: | /s/ Brandon Robinson | |
| Brandon Robinson | ||
| Timothy Noah Hayes | ||
| Signature: | /s/ Timothy Noah Hayes | |
| Timothy Noah Hayes | ||
| -17- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| TVP BITCOIN VENTURE FUND II, L.P. | ||
| By: | /s/ Christopher Calicott | |
| Name: | Christopher Calicott | |
| Title: | Managing Director | |
| TVP BITCOIN VENTURE FUND I, L.P. | ||
| By: | /s/ Christopher Calicott | |
| Name: | Christopher Calicott | |
| Title: | Managing Director | |
| -18- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| SERIES 21 OF ARAMANA LLC | ||
| By: | /s/ Nicholas Owen Gunden | |
| Name: | Nicholas Owen Gunden | |
| Title: | Member | |
| -19- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| By: | /s/ Christopher Calicott | |
| Name: | Christopher Calicott | |
| Title: | ||
| -20- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| FIFTH LANE PARTNERS FUND, LP | ||
| By: | /s/ Cavan Copeland | |
| Name: | Cavan Copeland | |
| Title: | Managing Partner | |
| -21- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| HODL HOLDINGS INC | ||
| By: | /s/ Brad Mills | |
| Name: | Brad Mills | |
| Title: | Authorized Person | |
| -22- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| By: | /s/ Timothy Leung | |
| Name: | Timothy Leung | |
| Title: | ||
| -23- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| LIGHTNING VENTURES NODE 1 FUND, a series of Lightning Ventures, LP | ||
| By: Fund GP, LLC, its General Partner | ||
| By: Bellflower Fund Group, Ltd., Agent | ||
| By: | /s/ Joshua Cowdin | |
| Name: | Joshua Cowdin | |
| Title: | Authorized Person | |
| VI-0710 FUND III, a series of | ||
| Lightning Ventures, LP | ||
| By: Fund GP, LLC, its General Partner | ||
| By: Bellflower Fund Group, Ltd., Agent | ||
| By: | /s/ Joshua Cowdin | |
| Name: | Joshua Cowdin | |
| Title: | Authorized Person | |
| -24- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| MOONSTRUCK VISTA, LLC | ||
| By: | /s/ Christopher Lamia | |
| Name: | Christopher Lamia | |
| Title: | Managing Partner | |
| -25- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| NORSTAR CAPITAL,LLC | ||
| By: | /s/ David E. Kusta, Jr. | |
| Name: | David E. Kusta, Jr. | |
| Title: | Chief Manager | |
| -26- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| By: | /s/ Lyle Pratt | |
| Name: | Lyle Pratt | |
| Title: | ||
| -27- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| TIMECHAIN K/S, a Denmark limited partnership | ||
| By: Concentric Scandinavia GP Holdings | ||
| ApS, its General Partner | ||
| By: | /s/ Kjartan Rist | |
| Name: | Kjartan Rist | |
| Title: | Director | |
| -28- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| TRAMMELL FAMILY OFFICE, L.P. | ||
| By: | /s/ Dustin D. Trammell | |
| Name: | Dustin D. Trammell | |
| Title: | Managing Director | |
| -29- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| WESTLAKE CAPITAL GROUP, LP | ||
| By: | /s/ Kathryn Boykin | |
| Name: | Kathryn Boykin | |
| Title: | VP of the GP, Packsaddle Development, Inc. | |
| -30- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
| INVESTORS: | ||
| By: | /s/ Zach Young | |
| Name: | Zach Young | |
| Title: | ||
| -31- |
SCHEDULE A
INVESTORS
| -32- |
SCHEDULE B
KEY HOLDERS
| -33- |
EXHIBIT A
ADOPTION AGREEMENT
This Adoption Agreement (“Adoption Agreement”) is executed on ___________, 20__, by the undersigned (the “Holder”) pursuant to the terms of that certain Voting Agreement dated as of April 28, 2023 (the “Agreement”), by and among the Company and certain of its Stockholders, as such Agreement may be amended or amended and restated hereafter. Capitalized terms used but not defined in this Adoption Agreement shall have the respective meanings ascribed to such terms in the Agreement. By the execution of this Adoption Agreement, the Holder agrees as follows:
1.1 Acknowledgement. Holder acknowledges that Holder is acquiring certain shares of the capital stock of the Company (the “Stock”), for one of the following reasons (Check the correct box):
☐ As a transferee of Shares from a party in such party’s capacity as an “Investor” bound by the Agreement, and after such transfer, Holder shall be considered an “Investor” and a “Stockholder” for all purposes of the Agreement.
☐ As a transferee of Shares from a party in such party’s capacity as a “Key Holder” bound by the Agreement, and after such transfer, Holder shall be considered a “Key Holder” and a “Stockholder” for all purposes of the Agreement.
☐ As a new “Investor” in accordance with Section 7.1(a) of the Agreement, in which case Holder will be an “Investor” and a “Stockholder” for all purposes of the Agreement.
☐ In accordance with Section 7.1(b) of the Agreement, as a new party who is not a new “Investor,” in which case Holder will be a “Stockholder” for all purposes of the Agreement.
1.2 Agreement. Holder hereby (a) agrees that the Stock, and any other shares of capital stock or securities required by the Agreement to be bound thereby, shall be bound by and subject to the terms of the Agreement and (b) adopts the Agreement with the same force and effect as if Holder were originally a party thereto.
1.3 Notice. Any notice required or permitted by the Agreement shall be given to Holder at the address or facsimile number listed below Holder’s signature hereto.
| HOLDER: | ACCEPTED AND AGREED: | |||
| By: | VIDA GLOBAL INC. | |||
| Name: | ||||
| Title: | By: | |||
| Address: | Name: | |||
| Title: | ||||
E-mail Address: _______________________________
| -34- |
Exhibit 4.3
THE REGISTERED HOLDER OF THIS PURCHASE WARRANT (“PURCHASE WARRANT”) BY ITS ACCEPTANCE HEREOF, AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT SELL, TRANSFER OR ASSIGN THIS PURCHASE WARRANT EXCEPT AS HEREIN PROVIDED AND THE REGISTERED HOLDER OF THIS PURCHASE WARRANT AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT SELL, TRANSFER, ASSIGN, PLEDGE OR HYPOTHECATE THIS PURCHASE WARRANT FOR A PERIOD OF ONE HUNDRED EIGHTY DAYS FOLLOWING [ ], 2026, WHICH IS THE COMMENCEMENT DATE OF SALES IN THE OFFERING (THE “EFFECTIVE DATE”) TO ANYONE OTHER THAN (I) THE BENCHMARK COMPANY, LLC, OR AN UNDERWRITER OR SELECTED DEALER IN CONNECTION WITH THE OFFERING (THE “OFFERING”), OR (II) THE BONA FIDE OFFICERS OR PARTNERS, REGISTERED PERSONS OR AFFILIATES OF THE BENCHMARK COMPANY, LLC OR ANY SUCH AN UNDERWRITER OR SELECTED DEALER.
THIS PURCHASE WARRANT IS NOT EXERCISABLE PRIOR TO [ ], 20261. VOID AFTER 5:00 P.M., EASTERN TIME, [ ], 20312.
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
FORM OF REPRESENTATIVE’S WARRANT
For the Purchase of [ ]3 Shares of Common Stock
1. Purchase Warrant. THIS CERTIFIES THAT, in consideration of funds duly paid by or on behalf of The Benchmark Company, LLC (“Holder” or “Benchmark”), as registered owner of this Purchase Warrant, to VIDA Global Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), Holder is entitled, at any time or from time to time beginning [ ], 2026 (the “Commencement Date”), and at or before 5:00 p.m., Eastern time, [ ], 2031 (the “Expiration Date”), but not thereafter, to subscribe for, purchase and receive, in whole or in part, up to [ ] shares (the “Warrant Shares”) of Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”) of the Company, subject to adjustment as provided in Section 6 hereof. If the Expiration Date is not a business day, then this Purchase Warrant may be exercised on the next succeeding business day in accordance with the terms herein. During the period commencing on the Commencement Date and ending on the Expiration Date, the Company agrees not to take any action that would terminate this Purchase Warrant. The Exercise Price of this Purchase Warrant is initially $[ ] per Warrant Share, equal to 120% of the initial public offering price per share of the Common Stock sold in the Offering; provided, however, that upon the occurrence of any of the events specified in Section 6 hereof, the rights granted by this Purchase Warrant, including the exercise price per Warrant Share and the number of Warrant Shares to be received upon such exercise, shall be adjusted as therein specified. The term “Exercise Price” shall mean the initial exercise price as provided for above or the adjusted exercise price, depending on the context. The term “business day” shall mean a day other than a Saturday, Sunday or any other day which is a federal legal holiday in the United States or any day on which the Federal Reserve Bank of New York is authorized or required by law or other governmental action to close, provided that the Federal Reserve Bank of New York shall not be deemed to be authorized or obligated to be closed due to a “shelter in place,” “non-essential employee” or similar closure of physical location at the direction of any governmental authority if the bank’s electronic funds transfer systems (including for wire transfers) are open for use by customers on such day.
2. Exercise.
2.1 Exercise Form. In order to exercise this Purchase Warrant, the notice of exercise form attached hereto must be duly executed and completed and delivered to the Company, together with this Purchase Warrant and, unless exercised pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof, payment of the Exercise Price for the Warrant Shares being purchased payable in cash by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated by the Company or by certified check or official bank check. If the Purchase Warrant is not exercised at or before 5:00 p.m., Eastern time, on the Expiration Date, this Purchase Warrant shall become and be void without further force or effect, and all rights represented hereby shall cease and expire. Each exercise hereof shall be irrevocable.
1 Insert a date that is the 180-day anniversary of the Closing Date.
2 Insert a date that is 5 years from commencement of sales in the initial public offering.
3 5.0% of the sum of the number of Firm Shares and Option Shares issued on the Closing Date and Option Closing Date (if any).
2.2 Cashless Exercise. In lieu of exercising this Purchase Warrant by payment of cash or check payable to the order of the Company pursuant to Section 2.1 above, Holder may elect to receive the number of Warrant Shares equal to the value of this Purchase Warrant (or the portion thereof being exercised), by surrender of this Purchase Warrant to the Company, together with the exercise form attached hereto, in which event the Company will issue to Holder a number of Warrant Shares in accordance with the following formula:
| X | = | Y(A-B) | |
| A |
Where,
| X= | The number of Warrant Shares to be issued to Holder; | |
| Y= | The number of Warrant Shares that would be issuable upon exercise of this Purchase Warrant in accordance with the terms of this Warrant if such exercise were by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise; | |
| A= | as applicable, the “Fair Market Value” of a share of Common Stock determined as follows: (i) the VWAP on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable exercise form if such exercise form is (1) both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof on a day that is not a Trading Day or (2) both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof on a Trading Day prior to the opening of “regular trading hours” (as defined in Rule 600(b)(68) of Regulation NMS promulgated under the federal securities laws) on such Trading Day, (ii) at the option of the Holder, either (y) the VWAP on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable Exercise Form or (z) the Bid Price of the Common Stock on the principal Trading Market as reported by Bloomberg L.P. as of the time of the Holder’s execution of the applicable Exercise Form if such Exercise Form is executed during “regular trading hours” on a Trading Day and is delivered within two (2) hours thereafter (including until two (2) hours after the close of “regular trading hours” on a Trading Day) pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof, which Bid Price shall be shown on supporting documents provided by the Holder to the Company within two Trading Days of delivery of the exercise form, or (iii) the VWAP on the date of the applicable exercise form if the date of such exercise form is a Trading Day and such exercise form is both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof after the close of “regular trading hours” on such Trading Day; and | |
| B= | The Exercise Price. |
“Bid Price” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the bid price of the Common Stock for the time in question (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported in the “Pink Sheets” published by OTC Markets Group, Inc. (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Holder and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
“VWAP” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported in the “Pink Sheets” published by OTC Markets Group, Inc. (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date), or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Holder and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
“Trading Day” means a day on which the New York Stock Exchange is open for trading.
“Trading Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, or the New York Stock Exchange (or any successors to any of the foregoing).
2.3 Legend. Unless the Warrant Shares purchased under this Purchase Warrant have been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), each certificate for such Share shall bear the following legend:
“THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR APPLICABLE STATE LAW. NEITHER THE SECURITIES NOR ANY INTEREST THEREIN MAY BE OFFERED FOR SALE, SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, OR PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT AND APPLICABLE STATE LAW WHICH, IN THE OPINION OF COUNSEL TO THE COMPANY, IS AVAILABLE.”
3. Transfer.
3.1 General Restrictions. The registered Holder of this Purchase Warrant agrees by his, her or its acceptance hereof, that such Holder will not for a period of one hundred eighty (180) days following the Effective Date: (a) sell, transfer, assign, pledge or hypothecate this Purchase Warrant or the Warrant Shares issuable hereunder to anyone other than: (i) Benchmark or an underwriter or a selected dealer participating in the Offering, or (ii) the bona fide officers or partners, registered persons or affiliates of Benchmark or of any such underwriter or selected dealer, in each case in accordance with FINRA Conduct Rule 5110(e), and (b) cause this Purchase Warrant or the securities issuable hereunder to be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of this Purchase Warrant or the securities issuable hereunder, except as provided for in FINRA Rule 5110(e)(2). On and after 180 days after the Effective Date, transfers to others may be made subject to compliance with or exemptions from applicable securities laws. In order to make any permitted assignment, the Holder must deliver to the Company the assignment form attached hereto duly executed and completed, together with the Purchase Warrant and payment of all transfer taxes, if any, payable in connection therewith. The Company shall within five (5) business days transfer this Purchase Warrant on the books of the Company and shall execute and deliver a new Purchase Warrant or Purchase Warrants of like tenor to the appropriate assignee(s) expressly evidencing the right to purchase the aggregate number of Warrant Shares purchasable hereunder or such portion of such number as shall be contemplated by any such assignment.
3.2 Restrictions Imposed by the Act. The securities evidenced by this Purchase Warrant shall not be transferred unless and until: (i) if required by applicable law, the Company has received the opinion of counsel for the Company that the securities may be transferred pursuant to an exemption from registration under the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws, or (ii) a registration statement or a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement relating to the offer and sale of such securities has been filed by the Company and declared effective by the Commission and compliance with applicable state securities law has been established.
4. Reserved.
5. New Purchase Warrants to be Issued.
5.1 Partial Exercise or Transfer. Subject to the restrictions in Section 3 hereof, this Purchase Warrant may be exercised or assigned in whole or in part. In the event of the exercise or assignment hereof in part only, upon surrender of this Purchase Warrant for cancellation, together with the duly executed exercise or assignment form and funds sufficient to pay any Exercise Price and/or transfer tax if exercised pursuant to Section 2.1 hereto, the Company shall cause to be delivered to the Holder without charge a new Purchase Warrant of like tenor to this Purchase Warrant in the name of the Holder evidencing the right of the Holder to purchase the number of Warrant Shares purchasable hereunder as to which this Purchase Warrant has not been exercised or assigned.
5.2 Lost Certificate. Upon receipt by the Company of evidence satisfactory to it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Purchase Warrant and of reasonably satisfactory indemnification or the posting of a bond, determined in the sole discretion of the Company, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Purchase Warrant of like tenor and date. Any such new Purchase Warrant executed and delivered as a result of such loss, theft, mutilation or destruction shall constitute a substitute contractual obligation on the part of the Company.
6. Adjustments.
6.1 Adjustments to Exercise Price and Number of Securities. The Exercise Price and the number of Warrant Shares underlying the Purchase Warrant shall be subject to adjustment from time to time as hereinafter set forth provided that the Exercise Price shall not be adjusted such that it would result in the Warrant Shares being issued at a price below their par value.
6.1.1 Share Dividends; Split Ups. If, after the date hereof, and subject to the provisions of Section 6.3 below, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock is increased by a stock dividend payable in Common Stock or by a split up of the Common Stock or other similar event, then, on the effective day thereof, the number of Warrant Shares purchasable hereunder shall be increased in proportion to such increase in outstanding shares of Common Stock, and the Exercise Price shall be proportionately decreased.
6.1.2 Aggregation of Shares. If, after the date hereof, and subject to the provisions of Section 6.3 below, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock is decreased by a consolidation, combination or reclassification of the Common Stock or other similar event, then, on the effective date thereof, the number of Warrant Shares purchasable hereunder shall be decreased in proportion to such decrease in outstanding shares of Common Stock, and the Exercise Price shall be proportionately increased.
6.1.3 Replacement of Securities upon Reorganization, etc. In case of any reclassification or reorganization of the outstanding shares of Common Stock other than a change covered by Section 6.1.1 or 6.1.2 hereof or that solely affects the par value of the Common Stock, or in the case of any share reconstruction or amalgamation or consolidation or merger of the Company with or into another corporation (other than a consolidation or share reconstruction or amalgamation or merger in which the Company is the continuing corporation and that does not result in any reclassification or reorganization of the outstanding Common Stock), or in the case of any sale or conveyance to another corporation or entity of the property of the Company as an entirety or substantially as an entirety in connection with which the Company is dissolved, the Holder of this Purchase Warrant shall have the right thereafter (until the expiration of the right of exercise of this Purchase Warrant) to receive upon the exercise hereof, for the same aggregate Exercise Price payable hereunder immediately prior to such event, the kind and amount of shares of stock or other securities or property (including cash) receivable upon such reclassification, reorganization, share reconstruction or amalgamation, or consolidation, or upon a dissolution following any such sale or transfer, by a Holder of the number of shares of Common Stock obtainable upon exercise of this Purchase Warrant immediately prior to such event; and if any reclassification also results in a change in the Common Stock covered by Section 6.1.1 or 6.1.2, then such adjustment shall be made pursuant to Sections 6.1.1, 6.1.2 and this Section 6.1.3. The provisions of this Section 6.1.3 shall similarly apply to successive reclassifications, reorganizations, share reconstructions or amalgamations, or consolidations, sales or other transfers.
6.1.4 Changes in Form of Purchase Warrant. This form of Purchase Warrant need not be changed because of any change pursuant to this Section 6.1, and Purchase Warrants issued after such change may state the same Exercise Price and the same number of Warrant Shares as are stated in the Purchase Warrants initially issued pursuant to this Agreement. The acceptance by any Holder of the issuance of new Purchase Warrants reflecting a required or permissive change shall not be deemed to waive any rights to an adjustment occurring after the Commencement Date or the computation thereof.
6.2 Substitute Purchase Warrant. In case of any consolidation of the Company with, or share reconstruction or amalgamation or merger of the Company with or into, another corporation (other than a consolidation or share reconstruction or amalgamation or merger which does not result in any reclassification or change of the outstanding shares of Common Stock), the corporation formed by such consolidation or share reconstruction or amalgamation shall execute and deliver to the Holder a supplemental Purchase Warrant providing that the holder of each Purchase Warrant then outstanding or to be outstanding shall have the right thereafter (until the stated expiration of such Purchase Warrant) to receive, upon exercise of such Purchase Warrant, the kind and amount of shares of stock and other securities and property receivable upon such consolidation or share reconstruction or amalgamation, by a holder of the number of Common Stock for which such Purchase Warrant might have been exercised immediately prior to such consolidation, share reconstruction or amalgamation or merger, sale or transfer. Such supplemental Purchase Warrant shall provide for adjustments which shall be identical to the adjustments provided for in this Section 6. The above provision of this Section shall similarly apply to successive consolidations or share reconstructions or amalgamations or mergers.
6.3 Elimination of Fractional Interests. The Company shall not be required to issue certificates representing fractions of Warrant Shares upon the exercise of the Purchase Warrant, nor shall it be required to issue scrip or pay cash in lieu of any fractional interests, it being the intent of the parties that all fractional interests shall be eliminated by rounding any fraction up or down, as the case may be, to the nearest whole number of Warrant Shares or other securities, properties or rights.
7. Reservation and Listing. The Company shall at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized Common Stock, solely for the purpose of issuance upon exercise of the Purchase Warrants, such number of Warrant Shares or other securities, properties or rights as shall be issuable upon the exercise thereof. The Company covenants and agrees that, upon exercise of the Purchase Warrants and payment of the Exercise Price therefor, in accordance with the terms hereby, all Warrant Shares and other securities issuable upon such exercise shall be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and not subject to pre-emptive rights of any shareholder.
8. Certain Notice Requirements.
8.1 Holder’s Right to Receive Notice. Nothing herein shall be construed as conferring upon the Holder the right to vote or consent or to receive notice as a shareholder for the election of directors or any other matter, or as having any rights whatsoever as a shareholder of the Company. If, however, at any time prior to the expiration of the Purchase Warrants and their exercise, any of the events described in Section 8.2 shall occur, then, in one or more of said events, the Company shall deliver to each Holder a copy of each notice relating to such events given to the other shareholders of the Company at the same time and in the same manner that such notice is given to the shareholders.
8.2 Events Requiring Notice. The Company shall be required to give the notice described in this Section 8 upon one or more of the following events: (i) if the Company shall take a record of the holders of its Common Stock for the purpose of entitling them to receive a dividend or distribution payable otherwise than in cash, or a cash dividend or distribution payable otherwise than out of retained earnings, as indicated by the accounting treatment of such dividend or distribution on the books of the Company;(ii) the Company shall offer to all the holders of its Common Stock any additional shares of capital stock of the Company or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Company, or any option, right or warrant to subscribe therefor or (iii) a dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Company (other than in connection with a consolidation or share reconstruction or amalgamation) or a sale of all or substantially all of its property, assets and business shall be proposed.
8.3 Notice of Change in Exercise Price. The Company shall, promptly after an event requiring a change in the Exercise Price pursuant to Section 6 hereof, send notice to the Holder of such event and change (“Price Notice”). The Price Notice shall describe the event causing the change and the method of calculating same.
8.4 Transmittal of Notices. All notices, requests, consents and other communications under this Purchase Warrant shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly made when hand delivered, mailed by express mail or private courier service or sent via email: (i) if to the registered Holder of this Purchase Warrant, to the address of such Holder as shown on the books of the Company, or (ii) if to the Company, to following address or to such other address as the Company may designate by notice to the Holder:
VIDA Global Inc.
12160 W Parmer Ln, Suite 130-716
Cedar Park, TX 78613
Attention: Lyle Pratt
Email: [***]
9. Miscellaneous.
9.1 Amendments. The Company and Benchmark may from time to time supplement or amend this Purchase Warrant without the approval of any of other holders of any other Purchase Warrants issued pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement in order to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provision contained herein that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provisions herein, or to make any other provisions in regard to matters or questions arising hereunder that the Company and Benchmark may jointly deem necessary or desirable in their discretion.
9.2 Headings. The headings contained herein are for the sole purpose of convenience of reference, and shall not in any way limit or affect the meaning or interpretation of any of the terms or provisions of this Purchase Warrant.
9.3. Entire Agreement. This Purchase Warrant constitutes the entire agreement of the Company and the Holder with respect to the subject matter hereof, and supersedes all prior promises, agreements and understandings, oral and written, with respect to the subject matter hereof.
9.4 Binding Effect. This Purchase Warrant shall inure solely to the benefit of and shall be binding upon, the Holder and the Company and their permitted assignees, respective successors, legal representative and assigns, and no other person shall have or be construed to have any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of or by virtue of this Purchase Warrant or any provisions herein contained.
9.5 Governing Law; Submission to Jurisdiction; Trial by Jury. This Purchase Warrant shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to conflict of laws principles thereof. The Company hereby agrees that any action, proceeding or claim against it arising out of, or relating in any way to this Purchase Warrant shall be brought and enforced in the courts located in New York, New York, or in the United States District Court located in New York, New York, and irrevocably submits to such jurisdiction, which jurisdiction shall be exclusive. The Company hereby waives any objection to such exclusive jurisdiction and that such courts represent an inconvenient forum. Any process or summons to be served upon the Company may be served by transmitting a copy thereof by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed to it at the address set forth in Section 8 hereof. Such mailing shall be deemed personal service and shall be legal and binding upon the Company in any action, proceeding or claim. The Company and the Holder agree that the prevailing party(ies) in any such action shall be entitled to recover from the other party(ies) all of its reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses relating to such action or proceeding and/or incurred in connection with the preparation therefor. The Company (on its behalf and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, on behalf of its stockholders and affiliates) and the Holder hereby irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any and all right to trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby.
9.6 Waiver, etc. The failure of the Company or the Holder to at any time enforce any of the provisions of this Purchase Warrant shall not be deemed or construed to be a waiver of any such provision, nor to in any way affect the validity of this Purchase Warrant or any provision hereof or the right of the Company or any Holder to thereafter enforce each and every provision of this Purchase Warrant. No waiver of any breach, non-compliance or non- fulfillment of any of the provisions of this Purchase Warrant shall be effective unless set forth in a written instrument executed by the party or parties against whom or which enforcement of such waiver is sought; and no waiver of any such breach, non-compliance or non-fulfillment shall be construed or deemed to be a waiver of any other or subsequent breach, non-compliance or non-fulfillment.
9.7 Exchange Agreement. As a condition of the Holder’s receipt and acceptance of this Purchase Warrant, Holder agrees that, at any time prior to the complete exercise of this Purchase Warrant by Holder, if the Company and Benchmark enter into an agreement (“Exchange Agreement”) pursuant to which they agree that all outstanding Purchase Warrants will be exchanged for securities or cash or a combination of both, then Holder shall agree to such exchange and become a party to the Exchange Agreement.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Purchase Warrant to be signed by its duly authorized officer as of the [ ] day of [ ], 2026.
| VIDA GLOBAL INC. | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | Lyle Pratt | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
NOTICE OF EXERCISE
TO: VIDA Global Inc.
Date: ______________, 20 __________
The undersigned hereby elects irrevocably to exercise the Purchase Warrant for [●] shares (the “Shares”) of Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of VIDA Global Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and hereby makes payment of $[●] (at the rate of $[●] per Share) in payment of the Exercise Price pursuant thereto. Please issue the Shares as to which this Purchase Warrant is exercised in accordance with the instructions given below and, if applicable, a new Purchase Warrant representing the number of Shares for which this Purchase Warrant has not been exercised.
or
The undersigned hereby elects irrevocably to convert its right to purchase [●] Shares of the Company under the Purchase Warrant for [●] Shares, as determined in accordance with the following formula:
| X | = | Y(A-B) | |
| A |
Where,
X = The number of Shares to be issued to Holder;
Y = The number of Shares for which the Purchase Warrant is being exercised;
A = The Fair Market Value of one Share (which is equal to $[●]); and
B = The Exercise Price (which is equal to $[●] per Share)
The undersigned agrees and acknowledges that the calculation set forth above is subject to confirmation by the Company and any disagreement with respect to the calculation shall be resolved by the Company in its sole discretion. Please issue the Shares as to which this Purchase Warrant is exercised in accordance with the instructions given below and, if applicable, a new Purchase Warrant representing the number of Shares for which this Purchase Warrant has not been converted.
Signature _
INSTRUCTIONS FOR REGISTRATION OF SECURITIES
| Name: _ | ||
| (Print in Block Letters) | ||
| Address: _ | ||
| _ | ||
| _ |
NOTICE: The signature to this form must correspond with the name as written upon the face of the Purchase Warrant without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever.
FORM OF ASSIGNMENT
(To be executed by the registered Holder to effect a transfer of the within Purchase Warrant):
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, ___________ does hereby sell, assign and transfer unto the right to purchase shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of VIDA Global Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), evidenced by the Purchase Warrant to _____________________________________and does hereby authorize the Company to transfer such right on the books of the Company.
Dated: __________, 20 ______
Signature _
NOTICE: The signature to this form must correspond with the name as written upon the face of the within Purchase Warrant without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever.
Exhibit 5.1
1251 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10020
United States
+1 212 262 6700
www.lowenstein.com
April 2, 2026
VIDA Global Inc.
12160 W Parmer Ln, Ste 130-716
Cedar Park, TX 78613
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as counsel for VIDA Global Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), in connection with the preparation and filing of a Registration Statement on Form S-1 originally filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) on April 2, 2026 (the “Registration Statement”), including a related prospectus filed with the Registration Statement (the “Prospectus”), pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), covering an underwritten public offering of 3,833,334 shares (the “Shares”) of Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Class A Common Stock”), including 500,000 Shares that may be sold by the Company pursuant to the exercise of an over-allotment option granted to the underwriters. The Shares are to be sold by the Company pursuant to an underwriting agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) to be entered into between the Company and the underwriter(s) named therein. This opinion is being rendered in connection with the filing of the Registration Statement with the Commission.
In connection with this opinion, we have examined originals or copies (certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction) of (i) the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation as currently in effect, including all amendments thereto, and the Company’s Bylaws as currently in effect, (ii) the form of the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the Registration Statement and the form of Amended and Restated Bylaws, filed as Exhibit 3.4 to the Registration Statement, each of which will be in effect upon closing of the offering contemplated by the Registration Statement, (iii) the Registration Statement and related Prospectus, (iv) the form of Underwriting Agreement and (v) such corporate records, agreements, documents and other instruments, and such certificates or comparable documents of public officials or of officers and representatives of the Company, as we have deemed relevant and necessary as a basis for the opinion hereinafter set forth.
In such examination, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the legal capacity of all natural persons, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as certified, conformed or photostatic copies, and the authenticity of the originals of such latter documents. As to certain questions of fact material to this opinion, we have relied upon certificates or comparable documents of officers and representatives of the Company and have not sought to independently verify such facts.
Based on the foregoing, and subject to the assumptions, limitations and qualifications stated herein, we are of the opinion that the Shares, when issued and sold as contemplated in the Registration Statement and the related Prospectus, and upon payment and delivery in accordance with the Underwriting Agreement, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
The opinion expressed herein is limited to the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (including reported judicial decisions interpreting the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware) and we express no opinion as to the effect on the matters covered by this letter of the laws of any other jurisdiction.
We hereby consent to the filing of this letter as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the reference to our firm under the caption “Legal Matters” in the Prospectus which is a part of the Registration Statement. In giving such consents, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the Rules and Regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.
| Very truly yours, | |
/s/ Lowenstein Sandler LLP | |
| Lowenstein Sandler LLP |
Exhibit 10.1
VIDA Global Inc.
2022 Equity Incentive Plan
Adopted by the Board of Directors: March 11, 2022
Approved by the Stockholders: March 11, 2022
Termination Date: March 10, 2032
1. General.
(a) Eligible Stock Award Recipients. Employees, Directors and Consultants are eligible to receive Stock Awards.
(b) Available Stock Awards. The Plan provides for the grant of the following types of Stock Awards: (i) Incentive Stock Options, (ii) Nonstatutory Stock Options, (iii) Stock Appreciation Rights, (iv) Restricted Stock Awards, (v) Restricted Stock Unit Awards and (vi) Other Stock Awards.
(c) Purpose. The Plan, through the granting of Stock Awards, is intended to help the Company secure and retain the services of eligible award recipients, provide incentives for such persons to exert maximum efforts for the success of the Company and any Affiliate and provide a means by which the eligible recipients may benefit from increases in value of the Common Stock.
2. Administration.
(a) Administration by Board. The Board will administer the Plan. The Board may delegate administration of the Plan to a Committee or Committees, as provided in Section 2(c).
(b) Powers of Board. The Board will have the power, subject to, and within the limitations of, the express provisions of the Plan:
(i) To determine (A) who will be granted Stock Awards; (B) when and how each Stock Award will be granted; (C) what type of Stock Award will be granted; (D) the provisions of each Stock Award (which need not be identical), including when a person will be permitted to exercise or otherwise receive cash or Common Stock under the Stock Award; (E) the number of shares of Common Stock subject to a Stock Award; and (F) the Fair Market Value applicable to a Stock Award.
(ii) To construe and interpret the Plan and Stock Awards granted under it, and to establish, amend and revoke rules and regulations for administration of the Plan and Stock Awards. The Board, in the exercise of these powers, may correct any defect, omission or inconsistency in the Plan or in any Stock Award Agreement, in a manner and to the extent it will deem necessary or expedient to make the Plan or Stock Award fully effective.
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(iii) To settle all controversies regarding the Plan and Stock Awards granted under it.
(iv) To accelerate, in whole or in part, the time at which a Stock Award may be exercised or vest (or at which cash or shares of Common Stock may be issued).
(v) To suspend or terminate the Plan at any time. Except as otherwise provided in the Plan or a Stock Award Agreement, suspension or termination of the Plan will not impair a Participant’s rights under his or her then-outstanding Stock Award without his or her written consent except as provided in subsection (viii) below.
(vi) To amend the Plan in any respect the Board deems necessary or advisable, including, without limitation, by adopting amendments relating to Incentive Stock Options and certain nonqualified deferred compensation under Section 409A of the Code and/or to make the Plan or Stock Awards granted under the Plan compliant with the requirements for Incentive Stock Options or exempt from or compliant with the requirements for nonqualified deferred compensation under Section 409A of the Code, subject to the limitations, if any, of applicable law. However, if required by applicable law, and except as provided in Section 9(a) relating to Capitalization Adjustments, the Company will seek stockholder approval of any amendment of the Plan that (A) materially increases the number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance under the Plan, (B) materially expands the class of individuals eligible to receive Stock Awards under the Plan, (C) materially increases the benefits accruing to Participants under the Plan, (D) materially reduces the price at which shares of Common Stock may be issued or purchased under the Plan, (E) materially extends the term of the Plan, or (F) materially expands the types of Stock Awards available for issuance under the Plan. Except as provided in the Plan (including subsection (viii) below) or a Stock Award Agreement, no amendment of the Plan will impair a Participant’s rights under an outstanding Stock Award unless (1) the Company requests the consent of the affected Participant, and (2) such Participant consents in writing.
(vii) To submit any amendment to the Plan for stockholder approval, including, but not limited to, amendments to the Plan intended to satisfy the requirements of Section 422 of the Code regarding Incentive Stock Options.
(viii) To approve forms of Stock Award Agreements for use under the Plan and to amend the terms of any one or more Stock Awards, including, but not limited to, amendments to provide terms more favorable to the Participant than previously provided in the Stock Award Agreement, subject to any specified limits in the Plan that are not subject to Board discretion; provided however, that a Participant’s rights under any Stock Award will not be impaired by any such amendment unless (A) the Company requests the consent of the affected Participant, and (B) such Participant consents in writing. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (1) a Participant’s rights will not be deemed to have been impaired by any such amendment if the Board, in its sole discretion, determines that the amendment, taken as a whole, does not materially impair the Participant’s rights, and (2) subject to the limitations of applicable law, if any, the Board may amend the terms of any one or more Stock Awards without the affected Participant’s consent (A) to maintain the qualified status of the Stock Award as an Incentive Stock Option under Section 422 of the Code; (B) to change the terms of an Incentive Stock Option, if such change results in impairment of the Award solely because it impairs the qualified status of the Award as an Incentive Stock Option under Section 422 of the Code; (C) to clarify the manner of exemption from, or to bring the Stock Award into compliance with, Section 409A of the Code; or (D) to comply with other applicable laws.
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(ix) Generally, to exercise such powers and to perform such acts as the Board deems necessary or expedient to promote the best interests of the Company and that are not in conflict with the provisions of the Plan or Stock Awards.
(x) To adopt such procedures and sub-plans as are necessary or appropriate to permit participation in the Plan by Employees, Directors or Consultants who are foreign nationals or employed outside the United States (provided that Board approval will not be necessary for immaterial modifications to the Plan or any Stock Award Agreement that are required for compliance with the laws of the relevant foreign jurisdiction).
(xi) To effect, with the consent of any adversely affected Participant, (A) the reduction of the exercise, purchase or strike price of any outstanding Stock Award; (B) the cancellation of any outstanding Stock Award and the grant in substitution therefor of a new (1) Option or SAR, (2) Restricted Stock Award, (3) Restricted Stock Unit Award, (4) Other Stock Award, (5) cash and/or (6) other valuable consideration determined by the Board, in its sole discretion, with any such substituted award (x) covering the same or a different number of shares of Common Stock as the cancelled Stock Award and (y) granted under the Plan or another equity or compensatory plan of the Company; or (C) any other action that is treated as a repricing under generally accepted accounting principles.
(c) Delegation to Committee. The Board may delegate some or all of the administration of the Plan to a Committee or Committees. If administration of the Plan is delegated to a Committee, the Committee will have, in connection with the administration of the Plan, the powers theretofore possessed by the Board that have been delegated to the Committee, including the power to delegate to a subcommittee of the Committee any of the administrative powers the Committee is authorized to exercise (and references in this Plan to the Board will thereafter be to the Committee or subcommittee). Any delegation of administrative powers will be reflected in resolutions, not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan, adopted from time to time by the Board or Committee (as applicable). The Committee may, at any time, abolish the subcommittee and/or revest in the Committee any powers delegated to the subcommittee. The Board may retain the authority to concurrently administer the Plan with the Committee and may, at any time, revest in the Board some or all of the powers previously delegated.
(d) Effect of Board’s Decision. All determinations, interpretations and constructions made by the Board in good faith will not be subject to review by any person and will be final, binding and conclusive on all persons.
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3. Shares Subject to the Plan.
(a) Share Reserve. Subject to Section 9(a) relating to Capitalization Adjustments, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to Stock Awards from and after the Effective Date will not exceed 120,000 shares (the “Share Reserve”). For clarity, the Share Reserve in this Section 3(a) is a limitation on the number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to the Plan. Accordingly, this Section 3(a) does not limit the granting of Stock Awards except as provided in Section 7(a).
(b) Reversion of Shares to the Share Reserve. If a Stock Award or any portion thereof (i) expires or otherwise terminates without all of the shares covered by such Stock Award having been issued or (ii) is settled in cash (i.e., the Participant receives cash rather than stock), such expiration, termination or settlement will not reduce (or otherwise offset) the number of shares of Common Stock that may be available for issuance under the Plan. If any shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to a Stock Award are forfeited back to or repurchased by the Company because of the failure to meet a contingency or condition required to vest such shares in the Participant, then the shares that are forfeited or repurchased will revert to and again become available for issuance under the Plan. Any shares reacquired by the Company in satisfaction of tax withholding obligations on a Stock Award or as consideration for the exercise or purchase price of a Stock Award will again become available for issuance under the Plan.
(c) Incentive Stock Option Limit. Subject to the Share Reserve and Section 9(a) relating to Capitalization Adjustments, the aggregate maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of Incentive Stock Options will be 240,000 shares of Common Stock.
(d) Source of Shares. The stock issuable under the Plan will be shares of authorized but unissued or reacquired Common Stock, including shares repurchased by the Company on the open market or otherwise.
4. Eligibility.
(a) Eligibility for Specific Stock Awards. Incentive Stock Options may be granted only to employees of the Company or a “parent corporation” or “subsidiary corporation” thereof (as such terms are defined in Sections 424(e) and 424(f) of the Code). Stock Awards other than Incentive Stock Options may be granted to Employees, Directors and Consultants; provided, however, that Stock Awards may not be granted to Employees, Directors and Consultants who are providing Continuous Service only to any “parent” of the Company, as such term is defined in Rule 405, unless (i) the stock underlying such Stock Awards is treated as “service recipient stock” under Section 409A of the Code (for example, because the Stock Awards are granted pursuant to a corporate transaction such as a spin off transaction), or (ii) the Company, in consultation with its legal counsel, has determined that such Stock Awards are otherwise exempt from or alternatively comply with the distribution requirements of Section 409A of the Code.
(b) Ten Percent Stockholders. A Ten Percent Stockholder will not be granted an Incentive Stock Option unless the exercise price of such Option is at least one hundred ten percent (110%) of the Fair Market Value on the date of grant and the Option is not exercisable after the expiration of five (5) years from the date of grant.
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(c) Consultants. A Consultant will not be eligible for the grant of a Stock Award if, at the time of grant, either the offer or sale of the Company’s securities to such Consultant is not exempt under Rule 701 because of the nature of the services that the Consultant is providing to the Company, because the Consultant is not a natural person, or because of any other provision of Rule 701, unless the Company determines that such grant need not comply with the requirements of Rule 701 and will satisfy another exemption under the Securities Act as well as comply with the securities laws of all other relevant jurisdictions.
5. Provisions Relating to Options and Stock Appreciation Rights.
Each Option or SAR will be in such form and will contain such terms and conditions as the Board deems appropriate. All Options will be separately designated Incentive Stock Options or Nonstatutory Stock Options at the time of grant, and, if certificates are issued, a separate certificate or certificates will be issued for shares of Common Stock purchased on exercise of each type of Option. If an Option is not specifically designated as an Incentive Stock Option, or if an Option is designated as an Incentive Stock Option but some portion or all of the Option fails to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option under the applicable rules, then the Option (or portion thereof) will be a Nonstatutory Stock Option. The provisions of separate Options or SARs need not be identical; provided, however, that each Stock Award Agreement will conform to (through incorporation of provisions hereof by reference in the applicable Stock Award Agreement or otherwise) the substance of each of the following provisions:
(a) Term. Subject to the provisions of Section 4(b) regarding Ten Percent Stockholders, no Option or SAR will be exercisable after the expiration of ten (10) years from the date of its grant or such shorter period specified in the Stock Award Agreement.
(b) Exercise Price. Subject to the provisions of Section 4(b) regarding Ten Percent Stockholders, the exercise or strike price of each Option or SAR will be not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock subject to the Option or SAR on the date the Stock Award is granted. Notwithstanding the foregoing, an Option or SAR may be granted with an exercise or strike price lower than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock subject to the Stock Award if such Stock Award is granted pursuant to an assumption of or substitution for another option or stock appreciation right pursuant to a Corporate Transaction and in a manner consistent with the provisions of Section 409A of the Code and, if applicable, Section 424(a) of the Code. Each SAR will be denominated in shares of Common Stock equivalents.
(c) Purchase Price for Options. The purchase price of Common Stock acquired pursuant to the exercise of an Option may be paid, to the extent permitted by applicable law and as determined by the Board in its sole discretion, by any combination of the methods of payment set forth below. The Board will have the authority to grant Options that do not permit all of the following methods of payment (or otherwise restrict the ability to use certain methods) and to grant Options that require the consent of the Company to use a particular method of payment. The permitted methods of payment are as follows:
(i) by cash, check, bank draft or money order payable to the Company;
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(ii) pursuant to a program developed under Regulation T as promulgated by the Federal Reserve Board that, prior to the issuance of the stock subject to the Option, results in either the receipt of cash (or check) by the Company or the receipt of irrevocable instructions to pay the aggregate exercise price to the Company from the sales proceeds;
(iii) by delivery to the Company (either by actual delivery or attestation) of shares of Common Stock;
(iv) if an Option is a Nonstatutory Stock Option, by a “net exercise” arrangement pursuant to which the Company will reduce the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise by the largest whole number of shares with a Fair Market Value that does not exceed the aggregate exercise price; provided, however, that the Company will accept a cash or other payment from the Participant to the extent of any remaining balance of the aggregate exercise price not satisfied by such reduction in the number of whole shares to be issued. Shares of Common Stock will no longer be subject to an Option and will not be exercisable thereafter to the extent that (A) shares issuable upon exercise are used to pay the exercise price pursuant to the “net exercise,” (B) shares are delivered to the Participant as a result of such exercise, and (C) shares are withheld to satisfy tax withholding obligations;
(v) according to a deferred payment or similar arrangement with the Optionholder; provided, however, that interest will compound at least annually and will be charged at the minimum rate of interest necessary to avoid (A) the imputation of interest income to the Company and compensation income to the Optionholder under any applicable provisions of the Code, and (B) the classification of the Option as a liability for financial accounting purposes; or
(vi) in any other form of legal consideration that may be acceptable to the Board and specified in the applicable Stock Award Agreement.
(d) Exercise and Payment of a SAR. To exercise any outstanding SAR, the Participant must provide written notice of exercise to the Company in compliance with the provisions of the Stock Appreciation Right Agreement evidencing such SAR. The appreciation distribution payable on the exercise of a SAR will be not greater than an amount equal to the excess of (A) the aggregate Fair Market Value (on the date of the exercise of the SAR) of a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of Common Stock equivalents in which the Participant is vested under such SAR, and with respect to which the Participant is exercising the SAR on such date, over (B) the aggregate strike price of the number of Common Stock equivalents with respect to which the Participant is exercising the SAR on such date. The appreciation distribution may be paid in Common Stock, in cash, in any combination of the two or in any other form of consideration, as determined by the Board and contained in the Stock Award Agreement evidencing such SAR.
(e) Transferability of Options and SARs. The Board may, in its sole discretion, impose such limitations on the transferability of Options and SARs as the Board will determine. In the absence of such a determination by the Board to the contrary, the following restrictions on the transferability of Options and SARs will apply:
(i) Restrictions on Transfer. An Option or SAR will not be transferable except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution (and pursuant to subsections (ii) and (iii) below), and will be exercisable during the lifetime of the Participant only by the Participant. The Board may permit transfer of the Option or SAR in a manner that is not prohibited by applicable tax and securities laws. Except as explicitly provided herein, neither an Option nor a SAR may be transferred for consideration.
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(ii) Domestic Relations Orders. Subject to the approval of the Board or a duly authorized Officer, an Option or SAR may be transferred pursuant to the terms of a domestic relations order, official marital settlement agreement or other divorce or separation instrument as permitted by Treasury Regulation 1.421-1(b)(2). If an Option is an Incentive Stock Option, such Option may be deemed to be a Nonstatutory Stock Option as a result of such transfer.
(iii) Beneficiary Designation. Subject to the approval of the Board or a duly authorized Officer, a Participant may, by delivering written notice to the Company, in a form approved by the Company (or the designated broker), designate a third party who, upon the death of the Participant, will thereafter be entitled to exercise the Option or SAR and receive the Common Stock or other consideration resulting from such exercise. In the absence of such a designation, upon the death of the Participant, the executor or administrator of the Participant’s estate will be entitled to exercise the Option or SAR and receive the Common Stock or other consideration resulting from such exercise. However, the Company may prohibit designation of a beneficiary at any time, including due to any conclusion by the Company that such designation would be inconsistent with the provisions of applicable laws.
(f) Vesting Generally. The total number of shares of Common Stock subject to an Option or SAR may vest and become exercisable in periodic installments that may or may not be equal. The Option or SAR may be subject to such other terms and conditions on the time or times when it may or may not be exercised (which may be based on the satisfaction of performance goals or other criteria) as the Board may deem appropriate. The vesting provisions of individual Options or SARs may vary. The provisions of this Section 5(f) are subject to any Option or SAR provisions governing the minimum number of shares of Common Stock as to which an Option or SAR may be exercised.
(g) Termination of Continuous Service. Except as otherwise provided in the applicable Stock Award Agreement or other agreement between the Participant and the Company, if a Participant’s Continuous Service terminates (other than for Cause and other than upon the Participant’s death or Disability), the Participant may exercise his or her Option or SAR (to the extent that the Participant was entitled to exercise such Stock Award as of the date of termination of Continuous Service) within the period of time ending on the earlier of (i) the date three (3) months following the termination of the Participant’s Continuous Service (or such longer or shorter period specified in the applicable Stock Award Agreement, which period will not be less than thirty (30) days if necessary to comply with applicable laws unless such termination is for Cause) and (ii) the expiration of the term of the Option or SAR as set forth in the Stock Award Agreement. If, after termination of Continuous Service, the Participant does not exercise his or her Option or SAR within the applicable time frame, the Option or SAR (as applicable) will terminate.
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(h) Extension of Termination Date. Except as otherwise provided in the applicable Stock Award Agreement or other agreement between the Participant and the Company, if the exercise of an Option or SAR following the termination of the Participant’s Continuous Service (other than for Cause and other than upon the Participant’s death or Disability) would be prohibited at any time solely because the issuance of shares of Common Stock would violate the registration requirements under the Securities Act, then the Option or SAR will terminate on the earlier of (i) the expiration of a total period of time (that need not be consecutive) equal to the applicable post termination exercise period after the termination of the Participant’s Continuous Service during which the exercise of the Option or SAR would not be in violation of such registration requirements, or (ii) the expiration of the term of the Option or SAR as set forth in the applicable Stock Award Agreement. In addition, unless otherwise provided in a Participant’s Stock Award Agreement, if the sale of any Common Stock received upon exercise of an Option or SAR following the termination of the Participant’s Continuous Service (other than for Cause) would violate the Company’s insider trading policy, then the Option or SAR will terminate on the earlier of (i) the expiration of a period of time (that need not be consecutive) equal to the applicable post-termination exercise period after the termination of the Participant’s Continuous Service during which the sale of the Common Stock received upon exercise of the Option or SAR would not be in violation of the Company’s insider trading policy, or (ii) the expiration of the term of the Option or SAR as set forth in the applicable Stock Award Agreement.
(i) Disability of Participant. Except as otherwise provided in the applicable Stock Award Agreement or other agreement between the Participant and the Company, if a Participant’s Continuous Service terminates as a result of the Participant’s Disability, the Participant may exercise his or her Option or SAR (to the extent that the Participant was entitled to exercise such Option or SAR as of the date of termination of Continuous Service), but only within such period of time ending on the earlier of (i) the date twelve (12) months following such termination of Continuous Service (or such longer or shorter period specified in the Stock Award Agreement, which period will not be less than six (6) months if necessary to comply with applicable laws), and (ii) the expiration of the term of the Option or SAR as set forth in the Stock Award Agreement. If, after termination of Continuous Service, the Participant does not exercise his or her Option or SAR within the applicable time frame, the Option or SAR (as applicable) will terminate.
(j) Death of Participant. Except as otherwise provided in the applicable Stock Award Agreement or other agreement between the Participant and the Company, if (i) a Participant’s Continuous Service terminates as a result of the Participant’s death, or (ii) the Participant dies within the period (if any) specified in the Stock Award Agreement for exercisability after the termination of the Participant’s Continuous Service (for a reason other than death), then the Option or SAR may be exercised (to the extent the Participant was entitled to exercise such Option or SAR as of the date of death) by the Participant’s estate, by a person who acquired the right to exercise the Option or SAR by bequest or inheritance or by a person designated to exercise the Option or SAR upon the Participant’s death, but only within the period ending on the earlier of (i) the date eighteen (18) months following the date of death (or such longer or shorter period specified in the Stock Award Agreement, which period will not be less than six (6) months if necessary to comply with applicable laws), and (ii) the expiration of the term of such Option or SAR as set forth in the Stock Award Agreement. If, after the Participant’s death, the Option or SAR is not exercised within the applicable time frame, the Option or SAR (as applicable) will terminate.
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(k) Termination for Cause. Except as explicitly provided otherwise in a Participant’s Stock Award Agreement or other individual written agreement between the Company or any Affiliate and the Participant, if a Participant’s Continuous Service is terminated for Cause, the Option or SAR will terminate immediately upon such Participant’s termination of Continuous Service, and the Participant will be prohibited from exercising his or her Option or SAR from and after the time of such termination of Continuous Service.
(l) Non-Exempt Employees. If an Option or SAR is granted to an Employee who is a non-exempt employee for purposes of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended, the Option or SAR will not be first exercisable for any shares of Common Stock until at least six (6) months following the date of grant of the Option or SAR (although the Stock Award may vest prior to such date). Consistent with the provisions of the Worker Economic Opportunity Act, (i) if such non-exempt Employee dies or suffers a Disability, (ii) upon a Corporate Transaction in which such Option or SAR is not assumed, continued, or substituted, or (iii) upon the Participant’s retirement (as such term may be defined in the Participant’s Stock Award Agreement, in another agreement between the Participant and the Company, or, if no such definition, in accordance with the Company’s then current employment policies and guidelines), the vested portion of any Options and SARs may be exercised earlier than six (6) months following the date of grant. The foregoing provision is intended to operate so that any income derived by a non-exempt employee in connection with the exercise or vesting of an Option or SAR will be exempt from his or her regular rate of pay. To the extent permitted and/or required for compliance with the Worker Economic Opportunity Act to ensure that any income derived by a non-exempt employee in connection with the exercise, vesting or issuance of any shares under any other Stock Award will be exempt from the employee’s regular rate of pay, the provisions of this Section 5(l) will apply to all Stock Awards and are hereby incorporated by reference into such Stock Award Agreements.
(m) Early Exercise of Options. An Option may, but need not, include a provision whereby the Optionholder may elect at any time before the Optionholder’s Continuous Service terminates to exercise the Option as to any part or all of the shares of Common Stock subject to the Option prior to the full vesting of the Option. Subject to the “Repurchase Limitation” in Section 8(l), any unvested shares of Common Stock so purchased may be subject to a repurchase right in favor of the Company or to any other restriction the Board determines to be appropriate. Provided that the “Repurchase Limitation” in Section 8(l) is not violated, the Company will not be required to exercise its repurchase right until at least six (6) months (or such longer or shorter period of time required to avoid classification of the Option as a liability for financial accounting purposes) have elapsed following exercise of the Option unless the Board otherwise specifically provides in the Option Agreement.
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(n) Right of Repurchase. Subject to the “Repurchase Limitation” in Section 8(l), the Option or SAR may include a provision whereby the Company may elect to repurchase all or any part of the vested shares of Common Stock acquired by the Participant pursuant to the exercise of the Option or SAR.
(o) Right of First Refusal. The Option or SAR may include a provision whereby the Company may elect to exercise a right of first refusal following receipt of notice from the Participant of the intent to transfer all or any part of the shares of Common Stock received upon the exercise of the Option or SAR. Such right of first refusal will be subject to the “Repurchase Limitation” in Section 8(l). Except as expressly provided in this Section 5(o) or in the Stock Award Agreement, such right of first refusal will otherwise comply with any applicable provisions of the bylaws of the Company.
6. Provisions of Stock Awards Other than Options and SARs.
(a) Restricted Stock Awards. Each Restricted Stock Award Agreement will be in such form and will contain such terms and conditions as the Board deems appropriate. To the extent consistent with the Company’s bylaws, at the Board’s election, shares of Common Stock underlying a Restricted Stock Award may be (i) held in book entry form subject to the Company’s instructions until any restrictions relating to the Restricted Stock Award lapse; or (ii) evidenced by a certificate, which certificate will be held in such form and manner as determined by the Board. The terms and conditions of Restricted Stock Award Agreements may change from time to time, and the terms and conditions of separate Restricted Stock Award Agreements need not be identical. Each Restricted Stock Award Agreement will conform to (through incorporation of the provisions hereof by reference in the agreement or otherwise) the substance of each of the following provisions:
(i) Consideration. A Restricted Stock Award may be awarded in consideration for (A) cash, check, bank draft or money order payable to the Company, (B) past services to the Company or an Affiliate, or (C) any other form of legal consideration (including future services) that may be acceptable to the Board, in its sole discretion, and permissible under applicable law.
(ii) Vesting. Subject to the “Repurchase Limitation” in Section 8(l), shares of Common Stock awarded under the Restricted Stock Award Agreement may be subject to forfeiture to the Company in accordance with a vesting schedule to be determined by the Board.
(iii) Termination of Participant’s Continuous Service. If a Participant’s Continuous Service terminates, the Company may receive through a forfeiture condition or a repurchase right, any or all of the shares of Common Stock held by the Participant as of the date of termination of Continuous Service under the terms of the Restricted Stock Award Agreement.
(iv) Transferability. Rights to acquire shares of Common Stock under the Restricted Stock Award Agreement will be transferable by the Participant only upon such terms and conditions as are set forth in the Restricted Stock Award Agreement, as the Board will determine in its sole discretion, so long as Common Stock awarded under the Restricted Stock Award Agreement remains subject to the terms of the Restricted Stock Award Agreement.
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(v) Dividends. A Restricted Stock Award Agreement may provide that any dividends paid on Restricted Stock will be subject to the same vesting and forfeiture restrictions as apply to the shares subject to the Restricted Stock Award to which they relate.
(b) Restricted Stock Unit Awards. Each Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement will be in such form and will contain such terms and conditions as the Board deems appropriate. The terms and conditions of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreements may change from time to time, and the terms and conditions of separate Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreements need not be identical. Each Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement will conform to (through incorporation of the provisions hereof by reference in the Agreement or otherwise) the substance of each of the following provisions:
(i) Consideration. At the time of grant of a Restricted Stock Unit Award, the Board will determine the consideration, if any, to be paid by the Participant upon delivery of each share of Common Stock subject to the Restricted Stock Unit Award. The consideration to be paid (if any) by the Participant for each share of Common Stock subject to a Restricted Stock Unit Award may be paid in any form of legal consideration that may be acceptable to the Board, in its sole discretion, and permissible under applicable law.
(ii) Vesting. At the time of the grant of a Restricted Stock Unit Award, the Board may impose such restrictions on or conditions to the vesting of the Restricted Stock Unit Award as it, in its sole discretion, deems appropriate.
(iii) Payment. A Restricted Stock Unit Award may be settled by the delivery of shares of Common Stock, their cash equivalent, any combination thereof or in any other form of consideration, as determined by the Board and contained in the Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement.
(iv) Additional Restrictions. At the time of the grant of a Restricted Stock Unit Award, the Board, as it deems appropriate, may impose such restrictions or conditions that delay the delivery of the shares of Common Stock (or their cash equivalent) subject to a Restricted Stock Unit Award to a time after the vesting of such Restricted Stock Unit Award.
(v) Dividend Equivalents. Dividend equivalents may be credited in respect of shares of Common Stock covered by a Restricted Stock Unit Award, as determined by the Board and contained in the Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement. At the sole discretion of the Board, such dividend equivalents may be converted into additional shares of Common Stock covered by the Restricted Stock Unit Award in such manner as determined by the Board. Any additional shares covered by the Restricted Stock Unit Award credited by reason of such dividend equivalents will be subject to all of the same terms and conditions of the underlying Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement to which they relate.
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(vi) Termination of Participant’s Continuous Service. Except as otherwise provided in the applicable Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, such portion of the Restricted Stock Unit Award that has not vested will be forfeited upon the Participant’s termination of Continuous Service.
(vii) Compliance with Section 409A of the Code. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein, any Restricted Stock Unit Award granted under the Plan that is not exempt from the requirements of Section 409A of the Code shall contain such provisions so that such Restricted Stock Unit Award will comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code. Such restrictions, if any, shall be determined by the Board and contained in the Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement evidencing such Restricted Stock Unit Award. For example, such restrictions may include, without limitation, a requirement that any Common Stock that is to be issued in a year following the year in which the Restricted Stock Unit Award vests must be issued in accordance with a fixed pre-determined schedule.
(c) Other Stock Awards. Other forms of Stock Awards valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise based on, Common Stock, including the appreciation in value thereof (e.g., options or stock rights with an exercise price or strike price less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock at the time of grant) may be granted either alone or in addition to Stock Awards provided for under Section 5 and the preceding provisions of this Section 6. Subject to the provisions of the Plan, the Board will have sole and complete authority to determine the persons to whom and the time or times at which such Other Stock Awards will be granted, the number of shares of Common Stock (or the cash equivalent thereof) to be granted pursuant to such Other Stock Awards and all other terms and conditions of such Other Stock Awards.
7. Covenants of the Company.
(a) Availability of Shares. The Company will keep available at all times the number of shares of Common Stock reasonably required to satisfy then-outstanding Stock Awards.
(b) Securities Law Compliance. The Company will seek to obtain from each regulatory commission or agency having jurisdiction over the Plan such authority as may be required to grant Stock Awards and to issue and sell shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Stock Awards; provided, however, that this undertaking will not require the Company to register under the Securities Act the Plan, any Stock Award or any Common Stock issued or issuable pursuant to any such Stock Award. If, after reasonable efforts and at a reasonable cost, the Company is unable to obtain from any such regulatory commission or agency the authority that counsel for the Company deems necessary for the lawful issuance and sale of Common Stock under the Plan, the Company will be relieved from any liability for failure to issue and sell Common Stock upon exercise of such Stock Awards unless and until such authority is obtained. A Participant will not be eligible for the grant of a Stock Award or the subsequent issuance of cash or Common Stock pursuant to the Stock Award if such grant or issuance would be in violation of any applicable securities law.
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(c) No Obligation to Notify or Minimize Taxes. The Company will have no duty or obligation to any Participant to advise such holder as to the time or manner of exercising such Stock Award. Furthermore, the Company will have no duty or obligation to warn or otherwise advise such holder of a pending termination or expiration of a Stock Award or a possible period in which the Stock Award may not be exercised. The Company has no duty or obligation to minimize the tax consequences of a Stock Award to the holder of such Stock Award.
8. Miscellaneous.
(a) Use of Proceeds from Sales of Common Stock. Proceeds from the sale of shares of Common Stock pursuant to Stock Awards will constitute general funds of the Company.
(b) Corporate Action Constituting Grant of Stock Awards. Corporate action constituting a grant by the Company of a Stock Award to any Participant will be deemed completed as of the date of such corporate action, unless otherwise determined by the Board, regardless of when the instrument, certificate, or letter evidencing the Stock Award is communicated to, or actually received or accepted by, the Participant. In the event that the corporate records (e.g., Board consents, resolutions or minutes) documenting the corporate action constituting the grant contain terms (e.g., exercise price, vesting schedule or number of shares) that are inconsistent with those in the Stock Award Agreement as a result of a clerical error in the papering of the Stock Award Agreement, the corporate records will control and the Participant will have no legally binding right to the incorrect term in the Stock Award Agreement.
(c) Stockholder Rights. No Participant will be deemed to be the holder of, or to have any of the rights of a holder with respect to, any shares of Common Stock subject to a Stock Award unless and until (i) such Participant has satisfied all requirements for exercise of, or the issuance of shares of Common Stock under, the Stock Award pursuant to its terms, and (ii) the issuance of the Common Stock subject to the Stock Award has been entered into the books and records of the Company.
(d) No Employment or Other Service Rights. Nothing in the Plan, any Stock Award Agreement or any other instrument executed thereunder or in connection with any Stock Award granted pursuant thereto will confer upon any Participant any right to continue to serve the Company or an Affiliate in the capacity in effect at the time the Stock Award was granted or will affect the right of the Company or an Affiliate to terminate (i) the employment of an Employee with or without notice and with or without cause, (ii) the service of a Consultant pursuant to the terms of such Consultant’s agreement with the Company or an Affiliate, or (iii) the service of a Director pursuant to the bylaws of the Company or an Affiliate, and any applicable provisions of the corporate law of the state in which the Company or the Affiliate is incorporated, as the case may be.
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(e) Change in Time Commitment. In the event a Participant’s regular level of time commitment in the performance of his or her services for the Company and any Affiliates is reduced (for example, and without limitation, if the Participant is an Employee of the Company and the Employee has a change in status from a full-time Employee to a part-time Employee) after the date of grant of any Stock Award to the Participant, the Board has the right in its sole discretion to (x) make a corresponding reduction in the number of shares subject to any portion of such Stock Award that is scheduled to vest or become payable after the date of such change in time commitment, and (y) in lieu of or in combination with such a reduction, extend the vesting or payment schedule applicable to such Stock Award. In the event of any such reduction, the Participant will have no right with respect to any portion of the Stock Award that is so reduced or extended.
(f) Incentive Stock Option Limitations. To the extent that the aggregate Fair Market Value (determined at the time of grant) of Common Stock with respect to which Incentive Stock Options are exercisable for the first time by any Optionholder during any calendar year (under all plans of the Company and any Affiliates) exceeds one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) (or such other limit established in the Code) or otherwise does not comply with the rules governing Incentive Stock Options, the Options or portions thereof that exceed such limit (according to the order in which they were granted) or otherwise do not comply with such rules will be treated as Nonstatutory Stock Options, notwithstanding any contrary provision of the applicable Option Agreement(s).
(g) Investment Assurances. The Company may require a Participant, as a condition of exercising or acquiring Common Stock under any Stock Award, (i) to give written assurances satisfactory to the Company as to the Participant’s knowledge and experience in financial and business matters and/or to employ a purchaser representative reasonably satisfactory to the Company who is knowledgeable and experienced in financial and business matters and that he or she is capable of evaluating, alone or together with the purchaser representative, the merits and risks of exercising the Stock Award; and (ii) to give written assurances satisfactory to the Company stating that the Participant is acquiring Common Stock subject to the Stock Award for the Participant’s own account and not with any present intention of selling or otherwise distributing the Common Stock. The foregoing requirements, and any assurances given pursuant to such requirements, will be inoperative if (A) the issuance of the shares upon the exercise or acquisition of Common Stock under the Stock Award has been registered under a then currently effective registration statement under the Securities Act, or (B) as to any particular requirement, a determination is made by counsel for the Company that such requirement need not be met in the circumstances under the then applicable securities laws. The Company may, upon advice of counsel to the Company, place legends on stock certificates issued under the Plan as such counsel deems necessary or appropriate in order to comply with applicable securities laws, including, but not limited to, legends restricting the transfer of the Common Stock.
(h) Withholding Obligations. Unless prohibited by the terms of a Stock Award Agreement, the Company may, in its sole discretion, satisfy any federal, state or local tax withholding obligation relating to a Stock Award by any of the following means or by a combination of such means: (i) causing the Participant to tender a cash payment; (ii) withholding shares of Common Stock from the shares of Common Stock issued or otherwise issuable to the Participant in connection with the Stock Award; provided, however, that no shares of Common Stock are withheld with a value exceeding the minimum amount of tax required to be withheld by law (or such lesser amount as may be necessary to avoid classification of the Stock Award as a liability for financial accounting purposes); (iii) withholding cash from a Stock Award settled in cash; (iv) withholding payment from any amounts otherwise payable to the Participant; or (v) by such other method as may be set forth in the Stock Award Agreement.
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(i) Electronic Delivery. Any reference herein to a “written” agreement or document will include any agreement or document delivered electronically or posted on the Company’s intranet (or other shared electronic medium controlled by the Company to which the Participant has access).
(j) Deferrals. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Board, in its sole discretion, may determine that the delivery of Common Stock or the payment of cash, upon the exercise, vesting or settlement of all or a portion of any Stock Award may be deferred and may establish programs and procedures for deferral elections to be made by Participants. Deferrals by Participants will be made in accordance with Section 409A of the Code. Consistent with Section 409A of the Code, the Board may provide for distributions while a Participant is still an employee or otherwise providing services to the Company. The Board is authorized to make deferrals of Stock Awards and determine when, and in what annual percentages, Participants may receive payments, including lump sum payments, following the Participant’s termination of Continuous Service, and implement such other terms and conditions consistent with the provisions of the Plan and in accordance with applicable law.
(k) Compliance with Section 409A of the Code. To the extent that the Board determines that any Stock Award granted hereunder is subject to Section 409A of the Code, the Stock Award Agreement evidencing such Stock Award shall incorporate the terms and conditions necessary to avoid the consequences specified in Section 409A(a)(1) of the Code. To the extent applicable, the Plan and Stock Award Agreements shall be interpreted in accordance with Section 409A of the Code.
(l) Repurchase Limitation. The terms of any repurchase right will be specified in the Stock Award Agreement. The repurchase price for vested shares of Common Stock will be the Fair Market Value of the shares of Common Stock on the date of repurchase. The repurchase price for unvested shares of Common Stock will be the lower of (i) the Fair Market Value of the shares of Common Stock on the date of repurchase or (ii) their original purchase price. However, the Company will not exercise its repurchase right until at least six (6) months (or such longer or shorter period of time necessary to avoid classification of the Stock Award as a liability for financial accounting purposes) have elapsed following delivery of shares of Common Stock subject to the Stock Award, unless otherwise specifically provided by the Board.
9. Adjustments upon Changes in Common Stock; Other Corporate Events.
(a) Capitalization Adjustments. In the event of a Capitalization Adjustment, the Board will appropriately and proportionately adjust: (i) the class(es) and maximum number of securities subject to the Plan pursuant to Section 3(a), (ii) the class(es) and maximum number of securities that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of Incentive Stock Options pursuant to Section 3(c), and (iii) the class(es) and number of securities and price per share of stock subject to outstanding Stock Awards. The Board will make such adjustments, and its determination will be final, binding and conclusive.
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(b) Dissolution. Except as otherwise provided in the Stock Award Agreement, in the event of a Dissolution of the Company, all outstanding Stock Awards (other than Stock Awards consisting of vested and outstanding shares of Common Stock not subject to a forfeiture condition or the Company’s right of repurchase) will terminate immediately prior to the completion of such Dissolution, and the shares of Common Stock subject to the Company’s repurchase rights or subject to a forfeiture condition may be repurchased or reacquired by the Company notwithstanding the fact that the holder of such Stock Award is providing Continuous Service, provided, however, that the Board may, in its sole discretion, cause some or all Stock Awards to become fully vested, exercisable and/or no longer subject to repurchase or forfeiture (to the extent such Stock Awards have not previously expired or terminated) before the Dissolution is completed but contingent on its completion.
(c) Corporate Transactions. The following provisions will apply to Stock Awards in the event of a Corporate Transaction unless otherwise provided in the Stock Award Agreement or any other written agreement between the Company or any Affiliate and the Participant or unless otherwise expressly provided by the Board at the time of grant of a Stock Award. In the event of a Corporate Transaction, then, notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, the Board may take one or more of the following actions with respect to Stock Awards, contingent upon the closing or completion of the Corporate Transaction:
(i) arrange for the surviving corporation or acquiring corporation (or the surviving or acquiring corporation’s parent company) to assume or continue the Stock Award or to substitute a similar stock award for the Stock Award (including, but not limited to, an award to acquire the same consideration paid to the stockholders of the Company pursuant to the Corporate Transaction);
(ii) arrange for the assignment of any reacquisition or repurchase rights held by the Company in respect of Common Stock issued pursuant to the Stock Award to the surviving corporation or acquiring corporation (or the surviving or acquiring corporation’s parent company);
(iii) accelerate the vesting, in whole or in part, of the Stock Award (and, if applicable, the time at which the Stock Award may be exercised) to a date prior to the effective time of such Corporate Transaction as the Board determines (or, if the Board does not determine such a date, to the date that is five (5) days prior to the effective date of the Corporate Transaction), with such Stock Award terminating if not exercised (if applicable) at or prior to the effective time of the Corporate Transaction; provided, however, that the Board may require Participants to complete and deliver to the Company a notice of exercise before the effective date of a Corporate Transaction, which exercise is contingent upon the effectiveness of such Corporate Transaction;
(iv) arrange for the lapse, in whole or in part, of any reacquisition or repurchase rights held by the Company with respect to the Stock Award;
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(v) cancel or arrange for the cancellation of the Stock Award, to the extent not vested or not exercised prior to the effective time of the Corporate Transaction, in exchange for such cash consideration or no consideration as the Board, in its sole discretion, may consider appropriate; and
(vi) make a payment, in such form as may be determined by the Board equal to the excess, if any, of (A) the value of the property the Participant would have received upon the exercise of the Stock Award immediately prior to the effective time of the Corporate Transaction, over (B) any exercise price payable by such holder in connection with such exercise. For clarity, this payment may be zero ($0) if the value of the property is equal to or less than the exercise price. Payments under this provision may be delayed to the same extent that payment of consideration to the holders of the Company’s Common Stock in connection with the Corporate Transaction is delayed as a result of escrows, earn outs, holdbacks or any other contingencies.
The Board need not take the same action or actions with respect to all Stock Awards or portions thereof or with respect to all Participants. The Board may take different actions with respect to the vested and unvested portions of a Stock Award.
(d) Change in Control. A Stock Award may be subject to additional acceleration of vesting and exercisability upon or after a change in control as may be provided in the Stock Award Agreement for such Stock Award or as may be provided in any other written agreement between the Company or any Affiliate and the Participant, but in the absence of such provision, no such acceleration will occur.
10. Plan Term; Earlier Termination or Suspension of the Plan.
(a) Plan Term. The Board may suspend or terminate the Plan at any time. Unless terminated sooner by the Board, the Plan will automatically terminate on the day before the tenth (10th) anniversary of the earlier of (i) the date the Plan is adopted by the Board, or (ii) the date the Plan is approved by the stockholders of the Company. No Stock Awards may be granted under the Plan while the Plan is suspended or after it is terminated.
(b) No Impairment of Rights. Suspension or termination of the Plan will not impair rights and obligations under any Stock Award granted while the Plan is in effect except with the written consent of the affected Participant or as otherwise permitted in the Plan.
11. Effective Date of Plan.
This Plan will become effective on the Effective Date.
12. Choice of Law.
The laws of the State of Delaware will govern all questions concerning the construction, validity and interpretation of this Plan, without regard to that state’s conflict of laws rules.
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13. Definitions. As used in the Plan, the following definitions will apply to the capitalized terms indicated below:
(a) “Affiliate” means, at the time of determination, any “parent” or “majority-owned subsidiary” of the Company, as such terms are defined in Rule 405. The Board will have the authority to determine the time or times at which “parent” or “majority-owned subsidiary” status is determined within the foregoing definition.
(b) “Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.
(c) “Capitalization Adjustment” means any change that is made in, or other events that occur with respect to, the Common Stock subject to the Plan or subject to any Stock Award after the Effective Date without the receipt of consideration by the Company through merger, consolidation, reorganization, recapitalization, reincorporation, stock dividend, dividend in property other than cash, large nonrecurring cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split, liquidating dividend, combination of shares, exchange of shares, change in corporate structure, or any similar equity restructuring transaction, as that term is used in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718 (or any successor thereto). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the conversion of any convertible securities of the Company will not be treated as a Capitalization Adjustment.
(d) “Cause” will have the meaning ascribed to such term in any written agreement between the Participant and the Company defining such term and, in the absence of such agreement, such term means, with respect to a Participant, the occurrence of any of the following events: (i) such Participant’s commission of any felony or any crime involving fraud, dishonesty or moral turpitude under the laws of the United States or any state thereof; (ii) such Participant’s attempted commission of, or participation in, a fraud or act of dishonesty against the Company; (iii) such Participant’s intentional, material violation of any contract or agreement between the Participant and the Company or of any statutory duty owed to the Company; (iv) such Participant’s unauthorized use or disclosure of the Company’s confidential information or trade secrets; or (v) such Participant’s gross misconduct. The determination that a termination of the Participant’s Continuous Service is either for Cause or without Cause will be made by the Company, in its sole discretion. Any determination by the Company that the Continuous Service of a Participant was terminated with or without Cause for the purposes of outstanding Stock Awards held by such Participant will have no effect upon any determination of the rights or obligations of the Company or such Participant for any other purpose.
(e) “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, including any applicable regulations and guidance thereunder.
(f) “Committee” means a committee of one or more Directors to whom authority has been delegated by the Board in accordance with Section 2(c).
(g) “Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company.
(h) “Company” means VIDA Global Inc., a Delaware corporation.
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(i) “Consultant” means any person or Entity, including an advisor, who is (i) engaged by the Company or an Affiliate to render consulting or advisory services and is compensated for such services, or (ii) serving as a member of the board of directors of an Affiliate and is compensated for such services. However, service solely as a Director, or payment of a fee for such service, will not cause a Director to be considered a “Consultant” for purposes of the Plan.
(j) “Continuous Service” means that the Participant’s service with the Company or an Affiliate, whether as an Employee, Director or Consultant, is not interrupted or terminated. A change in the capacity in which the Participant renders service to the Company or an Affiliate as an Employee, Director or Consultant or a change in the Entity for which the Participant renders such service, provided that there is no interruption or termination of the Participant’s service with the Company or an Affiliate, will not terminate a Participant’s Continuous Service; provided, however, that if the Entity for which a Participant is rendering services ceases to qualify as an Affiliate, as determined by the Board in its sole discretion, such Participant’s Continuous Service will be considered to have terminated on the date such Entity ceases to qualify as an Affiliate. For example, a change in status from an Employee of the Company to a Consultant of an Affiliate or to a Director will not constitute an interruption of Continuous Service. To the extent permitted by law, the Board or the chief executive officer of the Company, in that party’s sole discretion, may determine whether Continuous Service will be considered interrupted in the case of (i) any leave of absence approved by the Board or chief executive officer, including sick leave, military leave or any other personal leave, or (ii) transfers between the Company, an Affiliate, or their successors. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a leave of absence will be treated as Continuous Service for purposes of vesting in a Stock Award only to such extent as may be provided in the Company’s leave of absence policy, in the written terms of any leave of absence agreement or policy applicable to the Participant, or as otherwise required by law.
(k) “Corporate Transaction” means the consummation, in a single transaction or in a series of related transactions, of any one or more of the following events:
(i) a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all, as determined by the Board in its sole discretion, of the consolidated assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries;
(ii) a sale or other disposition of more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding securities of the Company;
(iii) a merger, consolidation or similar transaction following which the Company is not the surviving corporation; or
(iv) a merger, consolidation or similar transaction following which the Company is the surviving corporation but the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately preceding the merger, consolidation or similar transaction are converted or exchanged by virtue of the merger, consolidation or similar transaction into other property, whether in the form of securities, cash or otherwise.
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(l) “Director” means a member of the Board.
(m) “Disability” means, with respect to a Participant, the inability of such Participant to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment that can be expected to result in death or that has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than twelve (12) months as provided in Sections 22(e)(3) and 409A(a)(2)(c)(i) of the Code, and will be determined by the Board on the basis of such medical evidence as the Board deems warranted under the circumstances.
(n) “Dissolution”means when the Company, after having executed a certificate of dissolution with the State of Delaware, has completely wound up its affairs. Conversion of the Company into a Limited Liability Company will not be considered a “Dissolution” for purposes of the Plan.
(o) “Effective Date” means the effective date of this Plan, which is the earlier of (i) the date that this Plan is first approved by the Company’s stockholders, and (ii) the date this Plan is adopted by the Board.
(p) “Employee” means any person employed by the Company or an Affiliate. However, service solely as a Director, or payment of a fee for such services, will not cause a Director to be considered an “Employee” for purposes of the Plan.
(q) “Entity” means a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity.
(r) “Fair Market Value” means, as of any date, the value of the Common Stock determined by the Board in compliance with Section 409A of the Code or, in the case of an Incentive Stock Option, in compliance with Section 422 of the Code.
(s) “Incentive Stock Option” means an option granted pursuant to Section 5 of the Plan that is intended to be, and that qualifies as, an “incentive stock option” within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code.
(t) “Nonstatutory Stock Option” means any option granted pursuant to Section 5 of the Plan that does not qualify as an Incentive Stock Option.
(u) “Officer” means any person designated by the Company as an officer.
(v) “Option” means an Incentive Stock Option or a Nonstatutory Stock Option to purchase shares of Common Stock granted pursuant to the Plan.
(w) “Option Agreement” means a written agreement between the Company and an Optionholder evidencing the terms and conditions of an Option grant. Each Option Agreement will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.
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(x) “Optionholder” means a person to whom an Option is granted pursuant to the Plan or, if applicable, such other person who holds an outstanding Option.
(y) “Other Stock Award” means an award based in whole or in part by reference to the Common Stock which is granted pursuant to the terms and conditions of Section 6(c).
(z) “Other Stock Award Agreement” means a written agreement between the Company and a holder of an Other Stock Award evidencing the terms and conditions of an Other Stock Award grant. Each Other Stock Award Agreement will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.
(aa) “Participant” means a person to whom a Stock Award is granted pursuant to the Plan or, if applicable, such other person who holds an outstanding Stock Award.
(bb) “Plan” means this VIDA Global Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan.
(cc) “Restricted Stock Award” means an award of shares of Common Stock which is granted pursuant to the terms and conditions of Section 6(a).
(dd) “Restricted Stock Award Agreement” means a written agreement between the Company and a holder of a Restricted Stock Award evidencing the terms and conditions of a Restricted Stock Award grant. Each Restricted Stock Award Agreement will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.
(ee) “Restricted Stock Unit Award” means a right to receive shares of Common Stock which is granted pursuant to the terms and conditions of Section 6(b).
(ff) “Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement” means a written agreement between the Company and a holder of a Restricted Stock Unit Award evidencing the terms and conditions of a Restricted Stock Unit Award grant. Each Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.
(gg) “Rule 405” means Rule 405 promulgated under the Securities Act.
(hh) “Rule 701” means Rule 701 promulgated under the Securities Act.
(ii) “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
(jj) “Stock Appreciation Right” or “SAR” means a right to receive the appreciation on Common Stock that is granted pursuant to the terms and conditions of Section 5.
(kk) “Stock Appreciation Right Agreement” means a written agreement between the Company and a holder of a Stock Appreciation Right evidencing the terms and conditions of a Stock Appreciation Right grant. Each Stock Appreciation Right Agreement will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.
(ll) “Stock Award” means any right to receive Common Stock granted under the Plan, including an Incentive Stock Option, a Nonstatutory Stock Option, a Restricted Stock Award, a Restricted Stock Unit Award, a Stock Appreciation Right or any Other Stock Award.
(mm) “Stock Award Agreement” means a written agreement between the Company and a Participant evidencing the terms and conditions of a Stock Award grant. Each Stock Award Agreement will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.
(nn) “Subsidiary” means, with respect to the Company, (i) any corporation of which more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding capital stock having ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors of such corporation (irrespective of whether, at the time, stock of any other class or classes of such corporation will have or might have voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency) is at the time, directly or indirectly, owned by the Company, and (ii) any partnership, limited liability company or other entity in which the Company has a direct or indirect interest (whether in the form of voting or participation in profits or capital contribution) of more than fifty percent (50%).
(oo) “Ten Percent Stockholder” means a person who owns (or is deemed to own pursuant to Section 424(d) of the Code) stock possessing more than ten percent (10%) of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any Affiliate.
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AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO
VIDA GLOBAL INC. 2022 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
August 29, 2025
Pursuant to the authority reserved to the Board of Directors (the “Board”) and the stockholders (the “Stockholders”) of VIDA Global Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), under Section 2 of the VIDA Global Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (as amended, the “Plan”), the Plan is hereby amended as follows:
| 1. | Section 3(a) of the Plan is hereby amended and restated to read in its entirety as follows: |
“(a) Share Reserve. Subject to Section 9(a) relating to Capitalization Adjustments, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to Stock Awards from and after the Effective Date will not exceed 685,447 shares (the “Share Reserve”). For clarity, the Share Reserve in this Section 3(a) is a limitation on the number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to the Plan. Accordingly, this Section 3(a) does not limit the granting of Stock Awards except as provided in Section 7(a).”
| 2. | Section 3(c) of the Plan is hereby amended and restated to read in its entirety as follows: |
“(c) Incentive Stock Option Limit. Subject to the Share Reserve and Section 9(a) relating to Capitalization Adjustments, the aggregate maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of Incentive Stock Options will be 1,316,894 shares of Common Stock.”
| 3. | Except as set forth herein, the Plan shall remain in full force and effect in accordance with its terms. |
| 4. | This Amendment No. 1 shall become effective upon its approval by the Board and the Stockholders. |
[Signature Page Follows]
I hereby certify that the foregoing Amendment was duly adopted by the Board effective as of August 29, 2025.
I hereby further certify that the foregoing Amendment was duly adopted by the Stockholders effective as of August 29, 2025
Executed as of the date first set forth above.
| VIDA GLOBAL INC. | ||
| By: | /s/ Lyle Pratt | |
Name: |
Lyle Pratt | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
Signature
Page to Amendment No. 1 to
Vida Global Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan
AMENDMENT NO.
2 TO
VIDA GLOBAL INC. 2022 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
NOVEMBER 11, 2025
Pursuant to the authority reserved to the Board of Directors (the “Board”) and the stockholders (the “Stockholders”) of VIDA Global Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), under Section 2 of the VIDA Global Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (as amended, the “Plan”), the Plan is hereby amended as follows:
| 1. | Section 3(a) of the Plan is hereby amended and restated to read in its entirety as follows: |
“(a) Share Reserve. Subject to Section 9(a) relating to Capitalization Adjustments, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to Stock Awards from and after the Effective Date will not exceed 363,863 shares (the “Share Reserve”). For clarity, the Share Reserve in this Section 3(a) is a limitation on the number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to the Plan. Accordingly, this Section 3(a) does not limit the granting of Stock Awards except as provided in Section 7(a).”
| 2. | Section 3(c) of the Plan is hereby amended and restated to read in its entirety as follows: |
“(c) Incentive Stock Option Limit. Subject to the Share Reserve and Section 9(a) relating to Capitalization Adjustments, the aggregate maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of Incentive Stock Options will be 727,726 shares of Common Stock.”
| 3. | Except as set forth herein, the Plan shall remain in full force and effect in accordance with its terms. |
| 4. | This Amendment No. 2 shall become effective upon its approval by the Board and the Stockholders. |
[Signature Page Follows]
I hereby certify that the foregoing Amendment was duly adopted by the Board effective as of November 11, 2025.
I hereby further certify that the foregoing Amendment was duly adopted by the Stockholders effective as of November 11, 2025
Executed as of the date first set forth above.
| VIDA GLOBAL INC. | ||
| By: | /s/ Lyle Pratt | |
Name: |
Lyle Pratt | |
| Title: | President | |
Signature Page to Amendment No. 2 to
VIDA Global Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan
AMENDMENT NO. 3 TO
VIDA GLOBAL INC. 2022 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
February 12, 2026
Pursuant to the authority reserved to the Board of Directors (the “Board”) and the stockholders (the “Stockholders”) of VIDA Global Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), under Section 2 of the VIDA Global Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (as amended, the “Plan”), the Plan is hereby amended as follows:
| 1. | Section 3(a) of the Plan is hereby amended and restated to read in its entirety as follows: |
“(a) Share Reserve. Subject to Section 9(a) relating to Capitalization Adjustments, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to Stock Awards from and after the Effective Date will not exceed 484,933 shares (the “Share Reserve”). For clarity, the Share Reserve in this Section 3(a) is a limitation on the number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to the Plan. Accordingly, this Section 3(a) does not limit the granting of Stock Awards except as provided in Section 7(a).”
| 2. | Section 3(c) of the Plan is hereby amended and restated to read in its entirety as follows: |
“(c) Incentive Stock Option Limit. Subject to the Share Reserve and Section 9(a) relating to Capitalization Adjustments, the aggregate maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of Incentive Stock Options will be 969,866 shares of Common Stock.”
| 3. | A new Section 14 is added to the Plan to read as follows: |
“14. DRAG-ALONG RIGHTS
(a) In the event that the Board has voted on entering into a Corporate Transaction, then the Board shall give a notice (a “Disposition Notice”) to each Participant who holds shares of Common Stock (each, a “Plan Stockholder”) stating that the Board has approved or rejected, as applicable, such Corporate Transaction. The Disposition Notice also shall set forth the name and address of the Acquisition Offeror and shall summarize the basic terms of the proposed Corporate Transaction. Any Disposition Notice may be rescinded by the Board by delivering written notice thereof to the Plan Stockholders.
(b) In the event such Corporate Transaction was approved by the Board, the Plan Stockholders shall, as soon as practicable after receipt of the Disposition Notice, take all lawful action reasonably necessary and requested by the Company to complete, consent to, and not raise any objection to, the Corporate Transaction, including without limitation:
(i) if such transaction requires stockholder approval, then with respect to all shares of capital stock of the Company that the Plan Stockholders own or over which they otherwise exercise voting power, the Plan Stockholders shall vote (in person, by proxy or by action by written consent, as applicable) all such shares in favor of, and adopt, such Corporate Transaction (together with any related amendment and/or restatement to the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation or bylaws of the Company as in effect from time to time required in order to implement such Corporate Transaction) and to vote in opposition to any and all other proposals that could reasonably be expected to delay or impair the ability of the Company to consummate such Corporate Transaction;
(ii) if such transaction is a stock sale, the Plan Stockholders shall each agree (A) to the sale of all of such Plan Stockholder’s securities or convertible securities of the Company, or any portion thereof, as requested by the Company, to the Acquisition Offeror and (B) to the surrender to the Acquisition Offeror of certificates representing all capital stock and all instruments representing convertible securities of the Company held by any Plan Stockholders (free and clear of impermissible liens, claims and encumbrances), properly endorsed for transfer to the Acquisition Offeror against payment of the sale price for such capital stock or such convertible securities in the Corporate Transaction on the terms and conditions of such Corporate Transaction;
(iii) the Plan Stockholders shall execute and deliver all related documentation and take such other actions in support of the Corporate Transaction (A) as shall reasonably be requested by the Company in order to carry out the terms and provision of this Section 11, including, without limitation, executing and delivering instruments of conveyance and transfer, and any purchase agreement, merger agreement, indemnity agreement, escrow agreement, consent, waiver, governmental filing, share certificates duly endorsed for transfer (free and clear of impermissible liens, claims and encumbrances) and any similar or related documents and (B) as reasonably necessary to (1) provide customary representations, warranties, indemnities and escrow arrangements relating to such Corporate Transaction and (2) effectuate the allocation and distribution of the aggregate consideration in connection with the Corporate Transaction;
(iv) the Plan Stockholders shall not deposit, and shall cause their affiliates not to deposit, except as provided in the applicable Plan documents (including any exhibit thereto), any securities or convertible securities of the Company owned by such party or affiliate in a voting trust or subject any securities or convertible securities of the Company to any arrangement or agreement with respect to the voting of such securities, unless specifically requested to do so by the Acquisition Offeror in connection with the Corporate Transaction;
(v) the Plan Stockholders shall refrain from exercising any dissenters’ rights, appraisal rights or other rights granted to minority stockholders under any applicable law at any time with respect to such Corporate Transaction;
(vi) if the consideration to be paid in exchange for the securities and/or convertible securities, as applicable, pursuant to this Section 14 includes any securities and due receipt thereof by any Plan Stockholder would require under applicable law (A) the registration or qualification of such securities or of any person as a broker or dealer or agent with respect to such securities; or (B) the provision to the Plan Stockholders of any information other than such information as a prudent issuer would generally furnish in an offering made solely to “accredited investors” as defined in Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act, the Company may cause to be paid to such Plan Stockholder in lieu thereof, against surrender of the securities and/or convertible securities which would have otherwise been sold by such Plan Stockholder, an amount in cash equal to the Fair Market Value (as determined in good faith by the Board) of the securities which such Plan Stockholder would otherwise receive as of the date of the issuance of such securities in exchange for the securities and/or convertible securities;
(vii) if the Company and its stockholders or their representatives, enter into any negotiation or transaction for which Rule 506 under the Securities Act, (or any similar rule then in effect) may be available with respect to such negotiation or transaction (including a merger, consolidation or other reorganization), each Plan Stockholder who is not an accredited investor (as such term is defined in Rule 501 under the Securities Act) will, at the request of the Company, appoint a purchaser representative (as such term is defined in Rule 501 under the Securities Act) reasonably acceptable to the Company and such Plan Stockholder; and
(viii) in the event that the Board, in connection with such Corporate Transaction, appoints a stockholder representative (the “Stockholder Representative”), each Plan Stockholder shall (A) consent to (1) the appointment of such Stockholder Representative, (2) the establishment of any applicable escrow, expense or similar fund in connection with any indemnification or similar obligations and (3) the payment of such Plan Stockholder’s pro rata portion (from the applicable escrow or expense fund or otherwise) of any and all reasonable fees and expenses to such Stockholder Representative in connection with such Stockholder Representative’s services and duties in connection with such Corporate Transaction and its related service as the representative of the stockholders of the Company, and (B) not assert any claim or commence any suit against the Stockholder Representative or any other stockholder of the Company with respect to any action or inaction taken or failed to be taken by the Stockholder Representative in connection with its service as the Stockholder Representative, absent fraud or willful misconduct.
(c) In the event such Corporate Transaction was rejected by the Board, the Plan Stockholders, as soon as practicable after receipt of the Disposition Notice, shall take all lawful action reasonably necessary and requested by the Company to reject such Corporate Transaction, including, without limitation, the voting of all capital stock of the Company held by the Plan Stockholders against such Corporate Transaction.
(d) To the extent any shares of Common Stock held by a Plan Stockholder are subject to drag-along rights pursuant to any voting, stockholders’ or other similar agreement to which such Plan Stockholder is a party, for so long as such other agreement(s) remain(s) in effect, the drag-along provisions contained therein shall supersede the drag-along provisions contained in the Plan with respect to such shares of Common Stock.”
| 4. | Except as set forth herein, the Plan shall remain in full force and effect in accordance with its terms. |
| 5. | This Amendment No. 3 shall become effective upon its approval by the Board and the Stockholders. |
I hereby certify that the foregoing Amendment was duly adopted by the Board effective as of February 9, 2026.
I hereby further certify that the foregoing Amendment was duly adopted by the Stockholders effective as of February 12, 2026.
Executed as of the date first set forth above.
| VIDA GLOBAL INC. | ||
| By: | /s/ Lyle Pratt | |
Name: |
Lyle Pratt | |
| Title: | President | |
Signature
Page to Amendment No. 3 to
Vida Global Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan
VIDA Global Inc.
Stock Option Grant Notice
(2022 Equity Incentive Plan)
VIDA Global Inc. (the “Company”), pursuant to its 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”), hereby grants to Optionholder an option to purchase the number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock set forth below. This option is subject to all of the terms and conditions as set forth in this notice, in the Option Agreement, the Plan and the Notice of Exercise, all of which are attached hereto and incorporated herein in their entirety. Capitalized terms not explicitly defined herein but defined in the Plan or the Option Agreement will have the same definitions as in the Plan or the Option Agreement. If there is any conflict between the terms in this notice and the Plan, the terms of the Plan will control.
| Optionholder: | |
| Date of Grant: | |
| Vesting Commencement Date: | |
| Number of Shares Subject to Option: | |
| Exercise Price (Per Share): | |
| Total Exercise Price: | |
| Expiration Date: |
| Type of Grant: | ☐ | Incentive Stock Option1 | ☐ | Nonstatutory Stock Option | |
| Exercise Schedule: | ☐ | Same as Vesting Schedule | ☐ | Early Exercise Permitted |
| Vesting Schedule: | One-fourth (1/4th) of the shares vest one year after the Vesting Commencement Date; the balance of the shares vest in a series of thirty-six (36) successive equal monthly installments measured from the first anniversary of the Vesting Commencement Date, subject to Optionholder’s Continuous Service as of each such date. |
| Payment: | By one or a combination of the following items (described in the Option Agreement): |
| ☒ | By cash, check, bank draft or money order payable to the Company |
| ☒ | Pursuant to a Regulation T Program if the shares are publicly traded |
| ☒ | By delivery of already-owned shares if the shares are publicly traded |
☒ If and only to the extent this option is a Nonstatutory Stock Option, and subject to the Company’s consent at the time of exercise, by a “net exercise” arrangement
Additional Terms/Acknowledgements: Optionholder acknowledges receipt of, and understands and agrees to, this Stock Option Grant Notice, the Option Agreement and the Plan. Optionholder acknowledges and agrees that this Stock Option Grant Notice and the Option Agreement may not be modified, amended or revised except as provided in the Plan. Optionholder further acknowledges that as of the Date of Grant, this Stock Option Grant Notice, the Option Agreement, and the Plan set forth the entire understanding between Optionholder and the Company regarding this option award and supersede all prior oral and written agreements, promises and/or representations on that subject with the exception of (i) options previously granted and delivered to Optionholder, (ii) any compensation recovery policy that is adopted by the Company or is otherwise required by applicable law and (iii) any written employment or severance arrangement that would provide for vesting acceleration of this option upon the terms and conditions set forth therein.
1 If this is an Incentive Stock Option, it (plus other outstanding Incentive Stock Options held by Optionholder) cannot be first exercisable for more than $100,000 in value in any calendar year. Value is based on grant date fair market value. Any excess over $100,000 is a Nonstatutory Stock Option.
By accepting this option, Optionholder consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company.
| vida Global Inc. | Optionholder: | |||
| By: | ||||
| Signature | Signature | |||
| Title: | Date: | |||
| Date: | ||||
Attachments: Option Agreement, 2022 Equity Incentive Plan and Notice of Exercise
Attachment I
VIDA Global Inc.
Option Agreement
Incentive Stock Option or Nonstatutory Stock Option
(2022 Equity Incentive Plan)
Pursuant to your Stock Option Grant Notice (“Grant Notice”) and this Option Agreement, VIDA Global Inc. (the “Company”) has granted you an option under its 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) to purchase the number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock indicated in your Grant Notice at the exercise price indicated in your Grant Notice. The option is granted to you effective as of the date of grant set forth in the Grant Notice (the “Date of Grant”). If there is any conflict between the terms in this Option Agreement and the Plan, the terms of the Plan will control. Capitalized terms not explicitly defined in this Option Agreement or in the Grant Notice but defined in the Plan will have the same definitions as in the Plan.
The details of your option, in addition to those set forth in the Grant Notice and the Plan, are as follows:
1. Vesting. Your option will vest as provided in your Grant Notice. Vesting will cease upon the termination of your Continuous Service.
2. Number of Shares and Exercise Price. The number of shares of Common Stock subject to your option and your exercise price per share in your Grant Notice will be adjusted for Capitalization Adjustments.
3. Exercise Restriction for Non-Exempt Employees. If you are an Employee eligible for overtime compensation under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended (that is, a “Non-Exempt Employee”), and except as otherwise provided in the Plan, you may not exercise your option until you have completed at least six (6) months of Continuous Service measured from the Date of Grant, even if you have already been an employee for more than six (6) months. Consistent with the provisions of the Worker Economic Opportunity Act, you may exercise your option as to any vested portion prior to such six (6) month anniversary in the case of (i) your death or disability, (ii) a Corporate Transaction in which your option is not assumed, continued or substituted, or (iii) your termination of Continuous Service on your “retirement” (as defined in the Company’s benefit plans).
4. Exercise prior to Vesting (“Early Exercise”). If permitted in your Grant Notice (i.e., the “Exercise Schedule” indicates “Early Exercise Permitted”) and subject to the provisions of your option, you may elect at any time that is both (i) during the period of your Continuous Service and (ii) during the term of your option, to exercise all or part of your option, including the unvested portion of your option; provided, however, that:
(a) a partial exercise of your option will be deemed to cover first vested shares of Common Stock and then the earliest vesting installment of unvested shares of Common Stock;
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(b) any shares of Common Stock so purchased from installments that have not vested as of the date of exercise will be subject to the purchase option in favor of the Company as described in the Company’s form of Early Exercise Stock Purchase Agreement;
(c) you will enter into the Company’s form of Early Exercise Stock Purchase Agreement with a vesting schedule that will result in the same vesting as if no early exercise had occurred; and
(d) if your option is an Incentive Stock Option, then, to the extent that the aggregate Fair Market Value (determined at the Date of Grant) of the shares of Common Stock with respect to which your option plus all other Incentive Stock Options you hold are exercisable for the first time by you during any calendar year (under all plans of the Company and its Affiliates) exceeds one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000), your option(s) or portions thereof that exceed such limit (according to the order in which they were granted) will be treated as Nonstatutory Stock Options.
5. Method of Payment. You must pay the full amount of the exercise price for the shares you wish to exercise. You may pay the exercise price in cash or by check, bank draft or money order payable to the Company or in any other manner permitted by your Grant Notice, which may include one or more of the following:
(a) Provided that at the time of exercise the Common Stock is publicly traded, pursuant to a program developed under Regulation T as promulgated by the Federal Reserve Board that, prior to the issuance of Common Stock, results in either the receipt of cash (or check) by the Company or the receipt of irrevocable instructions to pay the aggregate exercise price to the Company from the sales proceeds. This manner of payment is also known as a “broker-assisted exercise”, “same day sale”, or “sell to cover”.
(b) Provided that at the time of exercise the Common Stock is publicly traded, by delivery to the Company (either by actual delivery or attestation) of already-owned shares of Common Stock that are owned free and clear of any liens, claims, encumbrances or security interests, and that are valued at Fair Market Value on the date of exercise. “Delivery” for these purposes, in the sole discretion of the Company at the time you exercise your option, will include delivery to the Company of your attestation of ownership of such shares of Common Stock in a form approved by the Company. You may not exercise your option by delivery to the Company of Common Stock if doing so would violate the provisions of any law, regulation or agreement restricting the redemption of the Company’s stock.
(c) If this option is a Nonstatutory Stock Option, subject to the consent of the Company at the time of exercise, by a “net exercise” arrangement pursuant to which the Company will reduce the number of shares of Common Stock issued upon exercise of your option by the largest whole number of shares with a Fair Market Value that does not exceed the aggregate exercise price. You must pay any remaining balance of the aggregate exercise price not satisfied by the “net exercise” in cash or other permitted form of payment. Shares of Common Stock will no longer be outstanding under your option and will not be exercisable thereafter if those shares (i) are used to pay the exercise price pursuant to the “net exercise,” (ii) are delivered to you as a result of such exercise, or (iii) are withheld to satisfy your tax withholding obligations.
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6. Whole Shares. You may exercise your option only for whole shares of Common Stock.
7. Securities Law Compliance. In no event may you exercise your option unless the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise are then registered under the Securities Act or, if not registered, the Company has determined that your exercise and the issuance of the shares would be exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act. The exercise of your option also must comply with all other applicable laws and regulations governing your option, and you may not exercise your option if the Company determines that such exercise would not be in material compliance with such laws and regulations (including any restrictions on exercise required for compliance with Treas. Reg. 1.401(k)-1(d)(3), if applicable).
8. Term. You may not exercise your option before the Date of Grant or after the expiration of the option’s term. The term of your option expires, subject to the provisions of Section 5(h) of the Plan, upon the earliest of the following:
(a) immediately upon the termination of your Continuous Service for Cause;
(b) three (3) months after the termination of your Continuous Service for any reason other than Cause, your Disability or your death (except as otherwise provided in Section 8(d) below); provided, however, that if during any part of such three (3) month period your option is not exercisable solely because of the condition set forth in the section above relating to “Securities Law Compliance,” your option will not expire until the earlier of the Expiration Date or until it has been exercisable for an aggregate period of three (3) months after the termination of your Continuous Service; provided further, that if (i) you are a Non-Exempt Employee, (ii) your Continuous Service terminates within six (6) months after the Date of Grant, and (iii) you have vested in a portion of your option at the time of your termination of Continuous Service, your option will not expire until the earlier of (x) the later of (A) the date that is seven (7) months after the Date of Grant, and (B) the date that is three (3) months after the termination of your Continuous Service, and (y) the Expiration Date;
(c) twelve (12) months after the termination of your Continuous Service due to your Disability (except as otherwise provided in Section 8(d)) below;
(d) eighteen (18) months after your death if you die either during your Continuous Service or within three (3) months after your Continuous Service terminates for any reason other than Cause;
(e) the Expiration Date indicated in your Grant Notice; or
(f) the day before the tenth (10th) anniversary of the Date of Grant.
If your option is an Incentive Stock Option, note that to obtain the federal income tax advantages associated with an Incentive Stock Option, the Code requires that at all times beginning on the Date of Grant and ending on the day three (3) months before the date of your option’s exercise, you must be an employee of the Company or an Affiliate, except in the event of your death or Disability. The Company has provided for extended exercisability of your option under certain circumstances for your benefit but cannot guarantee that your option will necessarily be treated as an Incentive Stock Option if you continue to provide services to the Company or an Affiliate as a Consultant or Director after your employment terminates or if you otherwise exercise your option more than three (3) months after the date your employment with the Company or an Affiliate terminates.
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9. Exercise.
(a) You may exercise the vested portion of your option (and the unvested portion of your option if your Grant Notice so permits) during its term by (i) delivering a Notice of Exercise (in a form designated by the Company) or completing such other documents and/or procedures designated by the Company for exercise and (ii) paying the exercise price and any applicable withholding taxes to the Company’s Secretary, stock plan administrator, or such other person as the Company may designate, together with such additional documents (including but not limited to a stockholders’ agreement or stock transfer restriction agreement) as the Company may then require.
(b) By exercising your option you agree that, as a condition to any exercise of your option, the Company may require you to enter into an arrangement providing for the payment by you to the Company of any tax withholding obligation of the Company arising by reason of (i) the exercise of your option, (ii) the lapse of any substantial risk of forfeiture to which the shares of Common Stock are subject at the time of exercise, or (iii) the disposition of shares of Common Stock acquired upon such exercise.
(c) If your option is an Incentive Stock Option, by exercising your option you agree that you will notify the Company in writing within fifteen (15) days after the date of any disposition of any of the shares of the Common Stock issued upon exercise of your option that occurs within two (2) years after the Date of Grant or within one (1) year after such shares of Common Stock are transferred upon exercise of your option.
(d) By exercising your option you agree that you will not sell, dispose of, transfer, make any short sale of, grant any option for the purchase of, or enter into any hedging or similar transaction with the same economic effect as a sale with respect to any shares of Common Stock or other securities of the Company held by you, for a period of one hundred eighty (180) days following the effective date of a registration statement of the Company filed under the Securities Act or such longer period as the underwriters or the Company will request to facilitate compliance with FINRA Rule 2241 or any successor or similar rules or regulation(the “Lock-Up Period”); provided, however, that nothing contained in this section will prevent the exercise of a repurchase option, if any, in favor of the Company during the Lock-Up Period. You further agree to execute and deliver such other agreements as may be reasonably requested by the Company or the underwriters that are consistent with the foregoing or that are necessary to give further effect thereto. In order to enforce the foregoing covenant, the Company may impose stop-transfer instructions with respect to your shares of Common Stock until the end of such period. You also agree that any transferee of any shares of Common Stock (or other securities) of the Company held by you will be bound by this Section 9(d). The underwriters of the Company’s stock are intended third party beneficiaries of this Section 9(d) and will have the right, power and authority to enforce the provisions hereof as though they were a party hereto.
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10. Transferability. Except as otherwise provided in this Section 10, your option is not transferable, except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and is exercisable during your life only by you.
(a) Certain Trusts. Upon receiving written permission from the Board or its duly authorized designee, you may transfer your option to a trust if you are considered to be the sole beneficial owner (determined under Section 671 of the Code and applicable state law) while the option is held in the trust. You and the trustee must enter into transfer and other agreements required by the Company.
(b) Domestic Relations Orders. Upon receiving written permission from the Board or its duly authorized designee, and provided that you and the designated transferee enter into transfer and other agreements required by the Company, you may transfer your option pursuant to the terms of a domestic relations order, official marital settlement agreement or other divorce or separation instrument as permitted by Treasury Regulation 1.421-1(b)(2) that contains the information required by the Company to effectuate the transfer. You are encouraged to discuss the proposed terms of any division of this option with the Company prior to finalizing the domestic relations order or marital settlement agreement to help ensure the required information is contained within the domestic relations order or marital settlement agreement. If this option is an Incentive Stock Option, this option may be deemed to be a Nonstatutory Stock Option as a result of such transfer.
(c) Beneficiary Designation. Upon receiving written permission from the Board or its duly authorized designee, you may, by delivering written notice to the Company, in a form approved by the Company and any broker designated by the Company to handle option exercises, designate a third party who, on your death, will thereafter be entitled to exercise this option and receive the Common Stock or other consideration resulting from such exercise. In the absence of such a designation, your executor or administrator of your estate will be entitled to exercise this option and receive, on behalf of your estate, the Common Stock or other consideration resulting from such exercise.
11. Right of First Refusal. Shares of Common Stock that you acquire upon exercise of your option are subject to any right of first refusal that may be described in the Company’s bylaws or an agreement amongst the Company’s stockholders in effect at such time the Company elects to exercise its right; provided, however, that if there is no right of first refusal described in either the Company’s bylaws or an agreement amongst the Company’s stockholders at such time, the right of first refusal described below will apply. The Company’s right of first refusal will expire on the first date upon which any security of the Company is listed (or approved for listing) upon notice of issuance on a national securities exchange or quotation system (the “Listing Date”).
(a) Prior to the Listing Date, you may not validly Transfer (as defined below) any shares of Common Stock acquired upon exercise of your option, or any interest in such shares, unless such Transfer is made in compliance with the following provisions:
(i) Before there can be a valid Transfer of any shares of Common Stock or any interest therein, the record holder of the shares of Common Stock to be transferred (the “Offered Shares”) will give written notice (by registered or certified mail) to the Company. Such notice will specify the identity of the proposed transferee, the cash price offered for the Offered Shares by the proposed transferee (or, if the proposed Transfer is one in which the holder will not receive cash, such as an involuntary transfer, gift, donation or pledge, the holder will state that no purchase price is being proposed), and the other terms and conditions of the proposed Transfer. The date such notice is mailed will be hereinafter referred to as the “Notice Date” and the record holder of the Offered Shares will be hereinafter referred to as the “Offeror.” If, from time to time, there is any stock dividend, stock split or other change in the character or amount of any of the outstanding Common Stock which is subject to the provisions of your option, then in such event any and all new, substituted or additional securities to which you are entitled by reason of your ownership of the shares of Common Stock acquired upon exercise of your option will be immediately subject to the Company’s Right of First Refusal (as defined below) with the same force and effect as the shares subject to the Right of First Refusal immediately before such event.
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(ii) For a period of forty-five (45) calendar days after the Notice Date, or such longer period as may be required to avoid the classification of your option as a liability for financial accounting purposes, the Company will have the option to purchase all (but not less than all) of the Offered Shares at the purchase price and on the terms set forth in Section 11(a)(iii) (the Company’s “Right of First Refusal”). In the event that the proposed Transfer is one involving no payment of a purchase price, the purchase price will be deemed to be the Fair Market Value of the Offered Shares as determined in good faith by the Board in its discretion. The Company may exercise its Right of First Refusal by mailing (by registered or certified mail) written notice of exercise of its Right of First Refusal to the Offeror prior to the end of said forty-five (45) days (including any extension required to avoid classification of the option as a liability for financial accounting purposes).
(iii) The price at which the Company may purchase the Offered Shares pursuant to the exercise of its Right of First Refusal will be the cash price offered for the Offered Shares by the proposed transferee (as set forth in the notice required under Section 11(a)(i)), or the Fair Market Value as determined by the Board in the event no purchase price is involved. To the extent consideration other than cash is offered by the proposed transferee, the Company will not be required to pay any additional amounts to the Offeror other than the cash price offered (or the Fair Market Value, if applicable). The Company’s notice of exercise of its Right of First Refusal will be accompanied by either (i) full payment or (ii) a payment comprised of the Company paying cash in an amount equal to 20% of the purchase price and issuing a promissory note bearing a reasonable interest rate for the remainder of the purchase price payable over 6 years for the Offered Shares and, upon either such payment by the Company, the Company will acquire full right, title and interest to all of the Offered Shares.
(iv) If, and only if, the option given pursuant to Section 11(a)(ii) is not exercised, the Transfer proposed in the notice given pursuant to Section 11(a)(i) may take place; provided, however, that such Transfer must, in all respects, be exactly as proposed in said notice except that such Transfer may not take place either before the tenth (10th) calendar day after the expiration of the forty-five (45) day option exercise period or after the ninetieth (90th) calendar day after the expiration of the forty-five (45) day option exercise period, and if such Transfer has not taken place prior to said ninetieth (90th) day, such Transfer may not take place without once again complying with this Section 11(a). The option exercise periods in this Section 11(a)(iv) will be adjusted to include any extension required to avoid the classification of your option as a liability for financial accounting purposes.
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(b) As used in this Section 11, the term “Transfer” means any sale, encumbrance, pledge, gift or other form of disposition or transfer of shares of Common Stock or any legal or equitable interest therein; provided, however, that the term Transfer does not include a transfer of such shares or interests by will or intestacy to your Immediate Family (as defined below). In such case, the transferee or other recipient will receive and hold the shares of Common Stock so transferred subject to the provisions of this Section, and there will be no further transfer of such shares except in accordance with the terms of this Section 11. As used herein, the term “Immediate Family” will mean your spouse, the lineal descendant or antecedent, father, mother, brother or sister, child, adopted child, grandchild or adopted grandchild of you or your spouse, or the spouse of any child, adopted child, grandchild or adopted grandchild of you or your spouse.
(c) None of the shares of Common Stock purchased on exercise of your option will be transferred on the Company’s books nor will the Company recognize any such Transfer of any such shares or any interest therein unless and until all applicable provisions of this Section 11 have been complied with in all respects. The certificates of stock evidencing shares of Common Stock purchased on exercise of your option will bear an appropriate legend referring to the transfer restrictions imposed by this Section 11.
(d) To ensure that the shares subject to the Company’s Right of First Refusal will be available for repurchase by the Company, the Company may require you to deposit the certificates evidencing the shares that you purchase upon exercise of your option with an escrow agent designated by the Company under the terms and conditions of an escrow agreement approved by the Company. If the Company does not require such deposit as a condition of exercise of your option, the Company reserves the right at any time to require you to so deposit the certificates in escrow. As soon as practicable after the expiration of the Company’s Right of First Refusal, the agent will deliver to you the shares and any other property no longer subject to such restriction. In the event the shares and any other property held in escrow are subject to the Company’s exercise of its Right of First Refusal, the notices required to be given to you will be given to the escrow agent, and any payment required to be given to you will be given to the escrow agent. Within thirty (30) days after payment by the Company for the Offered Shares, the escrow agent will deliver the Offered Shares that the Company has repurchased to the Company and will deliver the payment received from the Company to you.
12. Right of Repurchase.
(a) Shares of Common Stock that you acquire upon exercise of your option are subject to any right of repurchase that may be described in the Company’s bylaws or an agreement amongst the Company’s stockholders in effect at such time the Company elects to exercise its right; provided, however, that if there is no right of repurchase described in either the Company’s bylaws or an agreement amongst the Company’s stockholders at such time, the right of repurchase described below will apply. The Company’s right of repurchase will expire on the Listing Date.
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(b) The Company may elect (but is not obligated) to repurchase all or any part of the shares of Common Stock that you acquire upon exercise of your option (the Company’s “Repurchase Right”). If, from time to time, there is any stock dividend, stock split or other change in the character or amount of any of the outstanding Common Stock which is subject to the provisions of your option, then in such event any and all new, substituted or additional securities to which you are entitled by reason of your ownership of the shares of Common Stock acquired upon exercise of your option will be immediately subject to this Repurchase Right with the same force and effect as the shares subject to the Company’s Repurchase Right immediately before such event.
(c) The Company’s Repurchase Right will be exercisable only within the one hundred eighty (180) day period following a Repurchase Event (or such longer period as may be required to avoid classification of the option as a liability for financial accounting purposes), or such longer period as may be agreed to by the Company and you (the “Repurchase Period”). Each of the following events will constitute a “Repurchase Event”:
(i) Termination of your Continuous Service for any reason or no reason, with or without Cause, including death or Disability, in which event the Repurchase Period will commence on the date of termination of your Continuous Service (or in the case of a post-termination exercise of your option, the date of such exercise).
(ii) You, your legal representative, or other holder of shares of Common Stock acquired upon exercise of your option attempts to transfer any of the shares without compliance with the provisions contained in this Agreement, in which event the Repurchase Period will commence on the date the Company receives actual notice of such attempted transfer.
(iii) The receivership, bankruptcy, or other creditor’s proceeding regarding you or the taking of any of the shares by legal process, such as a levy of execution, in which event the Repurchase Period will commence on the date the Company receives actual notice of the commencement of pendency of the receivership, bankruptcy or other creditor’s proceeding or the date of such taking, as the case may be, and the Fair Market Value of the shares will be determined as of the last day of the month preceding the month in which the proceeding involved commenced or the taking occurred.
(d) The Company will exercise its Repurchase Right only for (i) cash, (ii) a combination of paying cash in an amount equal to 20% of the purchase price and issuing a promissory note bearing a reasonable interest rate for the remainder of the purchase price payable over 6 years, or (iii) cancellation of purchase money indebtedness for the shares of Common Stock and will give you written notice (by registered or certified mail) accompanied by payment in accordance with this subsection (c) for the shares of Common Stock within 180 calendar days after the Repurchase Event or, if later, 180 calendar days after a proper purchase of shares following such Repurchase Event (i.e., upon exercise of the option),, including after any extension of the Repurchase Period for financial accounting purposes.
(e) The repurchase price will be equal to the shares’ Fair Market Value on the date of repurchase.
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(f) To ensure that the shares subject to the Company’s Repurchase Right will be available for repurchase by the Company, the Company may require you to deposit the certificates evidencing the shares that you purchase upon exercise of your option with an escrow agent designated by the Company under the terms and conditions of an escrow agreement approved by the Company. If the Company does not require such deposit as a condition of exercise of your option, the Company reserves the right at any time to require you to so deposit the certificates in escrow. As soon as practicable after the expiration of the Company’s Repurchase Right, the agent will deliver to you the shares of Common Stock and any other property no longer subject to such restriction. In the event the shares and any other property held in escrow are subject to the Company’s exercise of its Repurchase Right, the notices required to be given to you will be given to the escrow agent, and any payment required to be given to you will be given to the escrow agent. Within thirty (30) days after payment by the Company for the shares, the escrow agent will deliver the shares that the Company has purchased to the Company and will deliver the payment received from the Company to you.
13. Option not a Service Contract. Your option is not an employment or service contract, and nothing in your option will be deemed to create in any way whatsoever any obligation on your part to continue in the employ of the Company or an Affiliate, or of the Company or an Affiliate to continue your employment. In addition, nothing in your option will obligate the Company or an Affiliate, their respective stockholders, boards of directors, officers or employees to continue any relationship that you might have as a Director or Consultant for the Company or an Affiliate.
14. Withholding Obligations.
(a) At the time you exercise your option, in whole or in part, and at any time thereafter as requested by the Company, you hereby authorize withholding from payroll and any other amounts payable to you, and otherwise agree to make adequate provision for (including by means of a “same day sale” pursuant to a program developed under Regulation T as promulgated by the Federal Reserve Board to the extent permitted by the Company), any sums required to satisfy the federal, state, local and foreign tax withholding obligations of the Company or an Affiliate, if any, which arise in connection with the exercise of your option.
(b) If this option is a Nonstatutory Stock Option, then upon your request and subject to approval by the Company, and compliance with any applicable legal conditions or restrictions, the Company may withhold from fully vested shares of Common Stock otherwise issuable to you upon the exercise of your option a number of whole shares of Common Stock having a Fair Market Value, determined by the Company as of the date of exercise, not in excess of the minimum amount of tax required to be withheld by law (or such lower amount as may be necessary to avoid classification of your option as a liability for financial accounting purposes). If the date of determination of any tax withholding obligation is deferred to a date later than the date of exercise of your option, share withholding pursuant to the preceding sentence shall not be permitted unless you make a proper and timely election under Section 83(b) of the Code, covering the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock acquired upon such exercise with respect to which such determination is otherwise deferred, to accelerate the determination of such tax withholding obligation to the date of exercise of your option. Notwithstanding the filing of such election, shares of Common Stock shall be withheld solely from fully vested shares of Common Stock determined as of the date of exercise of your option that are otherwise issuable to you upon such exercise. Any adverse consequences to you arising in connection with such share withholding procedure shall be your sole responsibility.
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(c) You may not exercise your option unless the tax withholding obligations of the Company and/or any Affiliate are satisfied. Accordingly, you may not be able to exercise your option when desired even though your option is vested, and the Company will have no obligation to issue a certificate for such shares of Common Stock or release such shares of Common Stock from any escrow provided for herein, if applicable, unless such obligations are satisfied.
15. Tax Consequences. You hereby agree that the Company does not have a duty to design or administer the Plan or its other compensation programs in a manner that minimizes your tax liabilities. You will not make any claim against the Company, or any of its Officers, Directors, Employees or Affiliates related to tax liabilities arising from your option or your other compensation. In particular, you acknowledge that this option is exempt from Section 409A of the Code only if the exercise price per share specified in the Grant Notice is at least equal to the “fair market value” per share of the Common Stock on the Date of Grant and there is no other impermissible deferral of compensation associated with the option. Because the Common Stock is not traded on an established securities market, the Fair Market Value is determined by the Board, perhaps in consultation with an independent valuation firm retained by the Company. You acknowledge that there is no guarantee that the Internal Revenue Service will agree with the valuation as determined by the Board, and you will not make any claim against the Company, or any of its Officers, Directors, Employees or Affiliates in the event that the Internal Revenue Service asserts that the valuation determined by the Board is less than the “fair market value” as subsequently determined by the Internal Revenue Service.
16. Notices. Any notices provided for in your option or the Plan will be given in writing (including electronically) and will be deemed effectively given upon receipt or, in the case of notices delivered by mail by the Company to you, five (5) days after deposit in the United States mail, postage prepaid, addressed to you at the last address you provided to the Company. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to participation in the Plan and this option by electronic means or to request your consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. By accepting this option, you consent to receive such documents by electronic delivery and to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company.
17. Governing Plan Document. Your option is subject to all the provisions of the Plan, the provisions of which are hereby made a part of your option, and is further subject to all interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations, which may from time to time be promulgated and adopted pursuant to the Plan. If there is any conflict between the provisions of your option and those of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan will control.
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Attachment II
2022 Equity Incentive Plan
Attachment III
Notice of Exercise
(2022 Equity Incentive Plan)
| VIDA Global Inc. | ||
| 12160 W. Parmer Lane, Suite 130-716 | ||
| Cedar Park, TX 78613 | Date of Exercise: _______________ |
This constitutes notice to VIDA Global Inc. (the “Company”) under my stock option that I elect to purchase the below number of shares of Common Stock of the Company (the “Shares”) for the price set forth below.
| Type of option (circle one): | Incentive/Nonstatutory | |
| Stock option dated: | ||
| Number of Shares as to which option is exercised: | ||
| Certificates to be issued in name of: | ||
| Total exercise price: | $ | |
| Cash payment delivered herewith: | $ | |
| Value of ________ Shares delivered herewith1: | $ | |
| Value of ________ Shares pursuant to net exercise2: | $ | |
| Regulation T Program (cashless exercise3): | $ | |
1 Shares must meet the public trading requirements set forth in the option. Shares must be valued in accordance with the terms of the option being exercised, and must be owned free and clear of any liens, claims, encumbrances or security interests. Certificates must be endorsed or accompanied by an executed assignment separate from certificate.
2 The option must be a Nonstatutory Stock Option, and VIDA Global Inc. must have established net exercise procedures at the time of exercise, in order to utilize this payment method.
3 Shares must meet the public trading requirements set forth in the option.
By this exercise, I agree (i) to provide such additional documents as you may require pursuant to the terms of the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan, (ii) to provide for the payment by me to you (in the manner designated by you) of your withholding obligation, if any, relating to the exercise of this option, and (iii) if this exercise relates to an incentive stock option, to notify you in writing within fifteen (15) days after the date of any disposition of any of the Shares issued upon exercise of this option that occurs within two (2) years after the date of grant of this option or within one (1) year after such Shares are issued upon exercise of this option.
I hereby make the following certifications and representations with respect to the number of Shares listed above, which are being acquired by me for my own account upon exercise of the option as set forth above:
I acknowledge that the Shares have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and are deemed to constitute “restricted securities” under Rule 701 and Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act. I warrant and represent to the Company that I have no present intention of distributing or selling said Shares, except as permitted under the Securities Act and any applicable state securities laws.
I further acknowledge that I will not be able to resell the Shares for at least ninety (90) days after the stock of the Company becomes publicly traded (i.e., subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) under Rule 701 and that more restrictive conditions apply to affiliates of the Company under Rule 144.
I further acknowledge that all certificates representing any of the Shares subject to the provisions of the Option shall have endorsed thereon appropriate legends reflecting the foregoing limitations, as well as any legends reflecting restrictions pursuant to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, Bylaws and/or applicable securities laws.
I further agree that, if required by the Company (or a representative of the underwriters) in connection with the first underwritten registration of the offering of any securities of the Company under the Securities Act, I will not sell, dispose of, transfer, make any short sale of, grant any option for the purchase of, or enter into any hedging or similar transaction with the same economic effect as a sale with respect to any shares of Common Stock or other securities of the Company for a period of one hundred eighty (180) days following the effective date of a registration statement of the Company filed under the Securities Act (or such longer period as the underwriters or the Company shall request to facilitate compliance with FINRA Rule 2241 or any successor or similar rule or regulation) (the “Lock-Up Period”). I further agree to execute and deliver such other agreements as may be reasonably requested by the Company or the underwriters that are consistent with the foregoing or that are necessary to give further effect thereto. In order to enforce the foregoing covenant, the Company may impose stop-transfer instructions with respect to securities subject to the foregoing restrictions until the end of such period.
| Very truly yours, | |
Exhibit 10.2
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
2026 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan
1. Establishment and Purpose
1.1 The purpose of the Vida Global Inc. 2026 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (as amended, restated or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Plan”), is to provide a means whereby eligible employees, officers, non-employee directors and other service providers develop a sense of proprietorship and personal involvement in the development and financial success of the Company (as defined herein) and to encourage them to devote their best efforts to the business of the Company, thereby advancing the interests of the Company and its stockholders. The Company, by means of the Plan, seeks to retain the services of such eligible persons and to provide incentives for such persons to exert maximum efforts for the success of the Company and its Subsidiaries.
1.2 The Plan permits the grant of Nonqualified Stock Options, Incentive Stock Options, Stock Appreciation Rights, Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Performance Shares, Performance Stock Units, Incentive Bonus Awards, Other Cash-Based Awards and Other Stock-Based Awards. This Plan shall become effective upon the date set forth in Section 17.1 hereof.
2. Definitions
Wherever the following capitalized terms are used in the Plan, they shall have the meanings specified below:
2.1 “Affiliate” means, with respect to a Person, a Person that directly or indirectly Controls, or is Controlled by, or is under common Control with, such Person.
2.2 “Applicable Law” means the requirements relating to the administration of equity-based awards or equity compensation plans under U.S. state corporate laws, U.S. federal and state securities laws, the Code, any stock exchange or quotation system on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted and the applicable laws of any foreign country or jurisdiction that applies to Awards.
2.3 “Award” means an award of a Stock Option, Stock Appreciation Right, Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Unit, Performance Share, Performance Stock Unit, Incentive Bonus Award, Other Cash-Based Award and/or Other Stock-Based Award granted under the Plan.
2.4 “Award Agreement” means either (i) a written or electronic agreement entered into between the Company and a Participant setting forth the terms and conditions of an Award, including any amendment or modification thereof, or (ii) a written or electronic statement issued by the Company to a Participant describing the terms and provisions of such Award, including any amendment or modification thereof. The Committee may provide for the use of electronic, internet or other non-paper Award Agreements, and the use of electronic, internet or other non-paper means for the acceptance thereof and actions thereunder by a Participant. Each Award Agreement shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan and need not be identical.
2.5 “Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.
2.6 “Cause” means a Participant’s (i) indictment for or conviction of, or the entry of a plea of guilty or no contest to, a felony or any other crime involving dishonesty or moral turpitude or that causes the Company or its Affiliates disgrace or disrepute, or adversely affects the Company’s or its Affiliates’ operations or financial performance or the relationship the Company or its Affiliates have with their respective customers, (ii) gross negligence or willful misconduct with respect to the Company or any of its Affiliates, including, without limitation fraud, embezzlement, misappropriation, theft or dishonesty (A) in the course of Participant’s employment or other service or (B) otherwise which is injurious to the Company or any of its Affiliates; (iii) failure to perform at a level of effort or results commensurate with such Participant’s role or responsibilities; (iv) refusal to perform any obligation or fulfill any duty (other than any duty or obligation of the type described in clause (vi) below) to the Company or its Affiliates (other than due to a disability); (v) breach of any agreement with or duty owed to the Company or any of its Affiliates; (vi) any breach of any obligation or duty to the Company or any of its Affiliates (whether arising by statute, common law or agreement) relating to confidentiality, noncompetition, nonsolicitation or proprietary rights; (vii) any breach of any policy of the Company or its Affiliates or any action that the Board determines is reasonably likely to cause the Company or its Affiliates disgrace or disrepute; (viii) repeatedly (i.e., on more than one occasion) being under the influence of drugs or alcohol (other than over-the-counter or prescription medicine or other medically-related drugs to the extent they are taken in accordance with their directions or under the supervision of a physician) which interferes with the performance of a Participant’s duties to the Company or any of its Affiliates, or, while under the influence of such drugs or alcohol, engaging in inappropriate conduct during the performance of a Participant’s duties to the Company or any of its Affiliates; or (ix) engaging in any act of discrimination or harassment or any unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a Participant and the Company (or any of its Affiliates) have entered into an employment agreement, consulting agreement or other similar agreement that specifically defines “cause,” then with respect to such Participant, “Cause” shall have the meaning defined in that employment agreement, consulting agreement or other agreement.
2.7 “Change in Control” shall be deemed to have occurred if any one of the following events shall occur, in a single transaction or in a series of related transactions:
(i) Any Person becomes the beneficial owner (as defined in Rule 13(d)-3 under the Exchange Act) of shares of Common Stock representing more than 50% of the total number of votes that may be cast for the election of directors of the Company; or
(ii) The consummation of any (a) merger, consolidation, acquisition, reorganization, statutory exchange or other business combination of the Company, (b) sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets, in one or a series of related transactions, or (c) combination of the foregoing transactions (a “Transaction”), other than a Transaction (A) involving only the Company and one or more of its subsidiaries, (B) Transaction immediately following which the shareholders of the Company immediately prior to the Transaction continue to have a majority of the voting power in the resulting or surviving entity, or (C) following which the Incumbent Directors at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or other action of the Board providing for such Transaction continue to constitute a majority of the directors of the resulting or surviving entity; or
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(iii) Within any twelve (12)-month period beginning on or after the Effective Date, the persons who were directors of the Company immediately before the beginning of such period (the “Incumbent Directors”) shall cease (for any reason other than death) to constitute at least a majority of the Board (or the board of directors of any successor to the Company); provided that any director who was not a director as of the date hereof shall be deemed to be an Incumbent Director if such director was elected to the Board by, or on the recommendation of or with the approval of, at least two-thirds of the directors who then qualified as Incumbent Directors either actually or by prior operation of the foregoing unless such election, recommendation or approval was the result of an actual or threatened election contest of the type contemplated by Rule 14a-11 promulgated under the Exchange Act or any successor provision; or
(iv) The shareholders of the Company approve a plan of complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) no event or condition shall constitute a Change in Control to the extent that, if it were, a penalty tax would be imposed under Section 409A of the Code; provided that, in such a case, the event or condition shall continue to constitute a Change in Control to the maximum extent possible (e.g., if applicable, in respect of vesting without an acceleration of distribution) without causing the imposition of such penalty tax and (ii) no Change in Control shall be deemed to have occurred, and no rights arising upon a Change in Control as provided in the Plan or any Award Agreement shall exist, to the extent that the Board so determines by resolution adopted and not rescinded prior to the Change in Control; provided, however, that no such determination by the Board shall be effective if it would cause a Participant to be subject to a penalty tax under Section 409A of the Code.
2.8 “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. For purposes of this Plan, references to sections of the Code shall be deemed to include references to any applicable regulations thereunder and any successor or similar provision.
2.9 “Committee” means the committee of the Board delegated with the authority to administer the Plan, or the full Board, as provided in Section 3 of the Plan. With respect to any decision relating to a Reporting Person, the Committee shall consist solely of two or more directors who are disinterested within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act, as amended from time to time, or any successor provision. The fact that a Committee member shall fail to qualify under any of these requirements shall not invalidate an Award if the Award is otherwise validly made under the Plan. The Board may at any time appoint additional members to the Committee, remove and replace members of the Committee with or without cause, and fill vacancies on the Committee however caused.
2.10 “Common Stock” means the Company’s Class A Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share.
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2.11 “Company” means Vida Global Inc., a Delaware corporation, and any successor thereto as provided in Section 15.8.
2.12 “Continuous Service” means that the Participant’s service with the Company or an Affiliate, whether as an employee, director or consultant, is not interrupted or terminated. A change in the capacity in which the Participant renders service to the Company or an Affiliate as an employee, director or consultant or a change in the entity for which the Participant renders such service, provided that there is no interruption or termination of the Participant’s service with the Company or an Affiliate, will not terminate a Participant’s Continuous Service; provided, however, that if the entity for which a Participant is rendering services ceases to qualify as an Affiliate, as determined by the Committee, such Participant’s Continuous Service will be considered to have terminated on the date such entity ceases to qualify as an Affiliate. For example, a change in status from an employee of the Company to a consultant of an Affiliate or to a director will not constitute an interruption of Continuous Service. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a leave of absence will be treated as Continuous Service for purposes of vesting in an Award only to such extent as may be provided in the Company’s (or an Affiliate’s) leave of absence policy, in the written terms of any leave of absence agreement or policy applicable to the Participant, or as otherwise required by Applicable Law or permitted by the Committee. Unless the Committee provides otherwise, or as otherwise required by Applicable Law, vesting of Awards shall be tolled during any unpaid leave of absence by a Participant.
2.13 “Control” means, as to any Person, the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person, or the power to appoint directors of the Company, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise (the terms “Controlled by” and “under common Control with” shall have correlative meanings).
2.14 “Date of Grant” means the date on which an Award under the Plan is granted by the Committee, or such later date as the Committee may specify to be the effective date of an Award.
2.15 “Disability” means a Participant being considered “disabled” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code and Treasury Regulation 1.409A-3(i)(4), as well as any successor regulation or interpretation.
2.16 “Effective Date” means the date set forth in Section 17.1 hereof.
2.17 “Eligible Person” means any Person who is an employee, officer, director, consultant, advisor or other service provider of the Company or any Subsidiary, or any Person who is determined by the Committee to be a prospective employee, officer, director, consultant, advisor or other service provider of the Company or any Subsidiary.
2.18 “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
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2.19 “Fair Market Value” of a share of Common Stock shall be, as applied to a specific date (i) the closing price of a share of Common Stock as of such date on the principal established stock exchange or national market system on which the Common Stock is then traded (or, if there is no trading in the Common Stock as of such date, the closing price of a share of Common Stock on the most recent date preceding such date on which trades of the Common Stock were recorded), or (ii) if the shares of Common Stock are not then traded on an established stock exchange or national market system but are then traded in an over-the-counter market, the average of the closing bid and asked prices for the shares of Common Stock in such over-the-counter market as of such date (or, if there are no closing bid and asked prices for the shares of Common Stock as of such date, the average of the closing bid and the asked prices for the shares of Common Stock on the most recent date preceding such date on which such closing bid and asked prices are available on such over-the-counter market), or (iii) if the shares of Common Stock are not then listed on a national securities exchange or national market system or traded in an over-the-counter market, the price of a share of Common Stock as determined by the Committee in a manner consistent with Section 409A of the Code and Treasury Regulation 1.409A-1(b)(5)(iv), as well as any successor regulation or interpretation.
2.20 “Incentive Bonus Award” means an Award granted under Section 12 of the Plan.
2.21 “Incentive Stock Option” means a Stock Option granted under Section 6 hereof that is intended to meet the requirements of Section 422 of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder.
2.22 “Nonqualified Stock Option” means a Stock Option granted under Section 6 hereof that by its terms does not qualify, or is not intended to qualify, as an Incentive Stock Option.
2.23 “Other Cash-Based Award” means a contractual right granted to an Eligible Person under Section 13 hereof entitling such Eligible Person to receive a cash payment at such times, and subject to such conditions, as are set forth in the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.
2.24 “Other Stock-Based Award” means a contractual right granted to an Eligible Person under Section 13 representing a notional unit interest equal in value to a share of Common Stock to be paid and distributed at such times, and subject to such conditions as are set forth in the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.
2.25 “Outside Director” means a director of the Board who is not an employee of the Company or a Subsidiary.
2.26 “Participant” means any Eligible Person who holds an outstanding Award under the Plan.
2.27 “Person” shall mean, unless otherwise provided, any individual, partnership, firm, trust, corporation, limited liability company or other similar entity. When two or more Persons act as a partnership, limited partnership, syndicate or other group for the purpose of acquiring, holding or disposing of Common Stock, such partnership, limited partnership, syndicate or group shall be deemed a “Person”.
2.28 “Performance Goals” shall mean performance goals established by the Committee as contingencies for the grant, exercise, vesting, distribution, payment and/or settlement, as applicable, of Awards.
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2.29 “Performance Shares” means a contractual right granted to an Eligible Person under Section 10 hereof representing a notional unit interest equal in value to a share of Common Stock to be paid and distributed at such times, and subject to such conditions, as are set forth in the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.
2.30 “Performance Stock Unit” means a contractual right granted to an Eligible Person under Section 11 hereof representing a notional dollar interest as determined by the Committee to be paid and distributed at such times, and subject to such conditions, as are set forth in the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.
2.31 “Plan” has the meaning given to such term in Section 1 hereof.
2.32 “Reporting Person” means an officer, director or greater than ten (10) percent stockholder of the Company within the meaning of Rule 16a-2 under the Exchange Act, who is required to file reports pursuant to Rule 16a-3 under the Exchange Act.
2.33 “Restricted Stock Award” means a grant of shares of Common Stock to an Eligible Person under Section 8 hereof that are issued subject to such vesting and transfer restrictions and such other conditions as are set forth in the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.
2.34 “Restricted Stock Unit Award” means a contractual right granted to an Eligible Person under Section 9 hereof representing notional unit interests equal in value to a share of Common Stock to be paid and distributed at such times, and subject to such conditions, as are set forth in the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.
2.35 “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
2.36 “Stock Appreciation Right” or “SAR” means a contractual right granted to an Eligible Person under Section 7 hereof entitling such Eligible Person to receive a payment, upon the exercise of such right, in such amount and at such time, and subject to such conditions, as are set forth in the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.
2.37 “Stock Option” means a contractual right granted to an Eligible Person under Section 6 hereof to purchase shares of Common Stock at such time and price, and subject to such conditions, as are set forth in the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.
2.38 “Subsidiary” means an entity (whether or not a corporation) that is wholly or majority owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by the Company; provided, however, that with respect to Incentive Stock Options, the term “Subsidiary” shall include only an entity that qualifies under section 424(f) of the Code as a “subsidiary corporation” with respect to the Company.
3. Administration
3.1 Committee Members. The Plan shall be administered by the Committee; provided that the entire Board may act in lieu of the Committee on any matter, subject to Section 16b-3 Award requirements referred to in Section 2.9 of the Plan. If and to the extent permitted by Applicable Law, the Committee may authorize one or more Reporting Persons (or other officers) to make Awards to Eligible Persons who are not Reporting Persons (or other officers whom the Committee has specifically authorized to make Awards). Subject to Applicable Law and the restrictions set forth in the Plan, the Committee may delegate administrative functions to individuals who are Reporting Persons, officers, or employees of the Company or its Subsidiaries.
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3.2 Committee Authority. The Committee shall have such powers and authority as may be necessary or appropriate for the Committee to carry out its functions as described in the Plan. Subject to the express limitations of the Plan, the Committee shall have authority to determine the Eligible Persons to whom, and the time or times at which, Awards may be granted, the number of shares, units or other rights subject to each Award, the exercise, base or purchase price of an Award (if any), the time or times at which an Award will become vested, exercisable or payable, the performance criteria, performance goals and other conditions of an Award, the duration of the Award, and all other terms of the Award. Subject to the terms of the Plan, the Committee shall have authority to amend the terms of an Award in any manner that is not inconsistent with the Plan (including without limitation to determine, add, cancel, waive, amend or otherwise alter any restrictions, terms or conditions of any Award, or extend the post-termination exercisability period of any Stock Option and/or Stock Appreciation Right); to reduce the exercise or base price of any Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right to the then current Fair Market Value if the Fair Market Value of a share of the Common Stock covered by such Option or Stock Appreciation Right shall have declined since the date such Award was granted; and except as permitted herein, provided further that no such action shall materially and adversely affect the rights of a Participant with respect to an outstanding Award without the Participant’s consent (for purposes of the foregoing, any action that causes an Incentive Stock Option to be treated as a Nonqualified Stock Option shall not be considered to have adversely affected a Participant’s rights). The Committee shall also have authority to approve forms of Award Agreement, interpret the Plan, to make all factual determinations under the Plan, and to make all other determinations necessary or advisable for Plan administration, including, without limitation, to correct any defect, to supply any omission or to reconcile any inconsistency in the Plan or any Award Agreement. The Committee may prescribe, amend, and rescind rules and regulations relating to the Plan. The Committee’s determinations under the Plan need not be uniform and may be made by the Committee selectively among Participants and Eligible Persons, whether or not such persons are similarly situated. The Committee shall consider such factors as it deems relevant in making its interpretations, determinations and actions under the Plan including, without limitation, the recommendations or advice of any officer or employee of the Company or such attorneys, consultants, accountants or other advisors as it may select. All determinations, interpretations, exercises of authority or other actions made by the Committee or Company under the Plan and any Award Agreement shall be taken or made by the Committee or Company, as applicable, in their sole and absolute discretion, and shall be final and binding on all persons, including, without limitation, the Company and all Participants.
3.3 No Liability; Indemnification. Neither the Board nor any Committee member, nor any Person acting at the direction of the Board or the Committee, shall be liable for any act, omission, interpretation, construction or determination made in good faith with respect to the Plan or any Award or Award Agreement. The Company and its Subsidiaries shall pay or reimburse any member of the Committee, as well as any other Person who takes action on behalf of the Plan, for all reasonable expenses incurred with respect to the Plan, and to the full extent allowable under Applicable Law shall indemnify each and every one of them for any claims, liabilities, and costs (including reasonable attorney’s fees) arising out of their good faith performance of duties on behalf of the Company with respect to the Plan. The Company and its Subsidiaries may, but shall not be required to, obtain liability insurance for this purpose.
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4. Shares Subject to the Plan
4.1 Plan Share Limitation.
(a) Subject to adjustment pursuant to Section 4.3 and the automatic increase set forth in Section 4.1(b), and any other applicable provisions hereof, the maximum aggregate number of shares of Common Stock which may be issued under all Awards granted to Participants under the Plan shall be 1,264,105 shares.
(b) The number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance under the Plan shall automatically increase on January 1st of each year commencing with the January 1 following the Effective Date and on each January 1 thereafter until the Expiration Date (as defined in Section 17.2 of the Plan), in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) three percent (3%) of the total number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on December 31st of the preceding calendar year, or (ii) such number of shares of Common Stock determined by the Board (the “Annual Increase”). Subject to adjustment as provided in Section 4.3 of the Plan, the maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued upon the exercise of Incentive Stock Options will equal the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock stated in Section 4.1(a), and shall be increased on January 1st of each year commencing with the January 1 following the Effective Date and on each January 1 thereafter until the Expiration Date (as defined in Section 17.2 of the Plan), in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) the Annual Increase for such calendar year, and (ii) such smaller number of shares of Common Stock as determined by the Board.
(c) Shares of Common Stock issued under the Plan may be either authorized but unissued shares or shares held in the Company’s treasury. To the extent that any Award payable in shares of Common Stock is forfeited, canceled, returned to the Company for failure to satisfy vesting requirements or upon the occurrence of other forfeiture events, or otherwise terminates without payment being made thereunder, the shares of Common Stock covered thereby will no longer be counted against the foregoing maximum share limitations and may again be made subject to Awards under the Plan pursuant to such limitations. Awards settled in cash shall not count against the foregoing maximum share limitation. Shares of Common Stock that otherwise would have been issued upon the exercise of a Stock Option or SAR or in payment with respect to any other form of Award, but are surrendered in payment or partial payment of the exercise price thereof and/or taxes withheld with respect to the exercise thereof or the making of such payment, will no longer be counted against the foregoing maximum share limitations and may again be made subject to Awards under the Plan pursuant to such limitations. This Section 4.1(c) shall be construed and interpreted in accordance with the requirements of Section 422 of the Code.
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4.2 Outside Director Limitation. Subject to adjustment as provided in Section 4.3, the accounting value on the grant date of Awards granted under the Plan to any Outside Director during any calendar year shall not exceed $750,000.00 (inclusive of any cash awards to an Outside Director for such year that are not made pursuant to the Plan); provided that in the case of a new Outside Director, such amount shall be increased to $1,000,000.00 for the initial year of the Outside Director’s term.
4.3 Adjustments. If there shall occur any change with respect to the outstanding shares of Common Stock by reason of any recapitalization, reclassification, stock dividend, extraordinary dividend, stock split, reverse stock split, or other distribution with respect to the shares of Common Stock, or any merger, reorganization, consolidation, combination, spin-off or other similar corporate change, or any other change affecting the Common Stock, or any other corporate transaction directly or indirectly affecting the Awards or the Performance Goals or the Company’s financial performance, conditions or results of operations, the Committee shall, in the manner and to the extent that it deems appropriate and equitable to the Participants and consistent with the terms of the Plan, cause an adjustment to be made in (i) the maximum numbers and kind of shares provided in Section 4.1 hereof, (ii) the numbers and kind of shares of Common Stock, units, or other rights subject to then outstanding Awards, (iii) the price for each share or unit or other right subject to then outstanding Awards, (iv) the performance measures or goals relating to the vesting of an Award, including, without limitation, any Performance Goals, and (v) any other terms of an Award that are affected by the event to prevent dilution or enlargement of a Participant’s rights under an Award. The Committee shall make appropriate adjustments in the terms of any Awards to reflect or relate to such changes in distributions and to modify any other terms of outstanding Awards, such as modifying performance goals and changing the length of any performance period without Participant consent. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of Incentive Stock Options, any such adjustments shall, to the extent practicable, be made in a manner consistent with the requirements of Section 424(a) of the Code.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent of any conflict between this Section 4.3 and the terms of any Award Agreement, this Section 4.3 shall control, unless such Award Agreement specifically references that it controls over this Section 4.3.
5. Participation and Awards
5.1 Designation of Participants. All Eligible Persons are eligible to be designated by the Committee to receive Awards and become Participants under the Plan. The Committee has the authority to determine and designate from time to time those Eligible Persons who are to be granted Awards, the types of Awards to be granted and the number of shares of Common Stock or units subject to Awards granted under the Plan. In selecting Eligible Persons to be Participants and in determining the type and amount of Awards to be granted under the Plan, the Committee shall consider any and all factors that it deems relevant or appropriate.
5.2 Determination of Awards. The Committee shall determine the terms and conditions of all Awards granted to Participants in accordance with its authority under Section 3.2 hereof. An Award may consist of one type of right or benefit hereunder or of two or more such rights or benefits granted in tandem or in the alternative. To the extent deemed appropriate by the Committee, an Award shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement as described in Section 15.1 hereof.
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6. Stock Options
6.1 Grant of Stock Option. A Stock Option may be granted to any Eligible Person selected by the Committee. Subject to the provisions of Section 6.6 hereof and Section 422 of the Code, each Stock Option shall be designated by the Committee as an Incentive Stock Option or as a Nonqualified Stock Option.
6.2 Exercise Price. The exercise price per share of a Stock Option shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the Date of Grant, subject to adjustments as provided for under Section 4.3.
6.3 Vesting of Stock Options. The Committee shall prescribe the time or times at which, or the conditions upon which, a Stock Option or portion thereof shall become vested and/or exercisable in an Award Agreement or as otherwise may be adjusted from time to time including by way of adjustment contemplated by this Plan. The requirements for vesting and exercisability of a Stock Option may be based on the Continuous Service of the Participant for a specified time period (or periods) and/or on the attainment of a specified performance goal (or goals) established by the Committee. The Committee may accelerate the vesting or exercisability of any Stock Option at any time. The Committee may allow a Participant to exercise unvested Nonqualified Stock Options, in which case the shares of Common Stock then issued shall be Restricted Stock having analogous vesting restrictions to the unvested Nonqualified Stock Options.
6.4 Term of Stock Options. The Committee shall prescribe in an Award Agreement the period during which a vested Stock Option may be exercised, provided that the maximum term of a Stock Option shall be ten (10) years from the Date of Grant. A Stock Option may be earlier terminated as specified by the Committee and set forth in an Award Agreement upon or following the termination of a Participant’s Continuous Service for any reason, including by reason of voluntary resignation, death, Disability, termination for Cause or any other reason. Except as otherwise provided in this Section 6 or in an Award Agreement as such agreement may be amended from time to time upon authorization of the Committee, no Stock Option may be exercised at any time during the term thereof unless the Participant is then in Continuous Service. Notwithstanding the foregoing, unless an Award Agreement provides otherwise:
(a) If a Participant’s Continuous Service terminates by reason of his or her death, any Stock Option held by such Participant may, to the extent then exercisable, be exercised by such Participant’s estate or any Person who acquires the right to exercise such Stock Option by bequest or inheritance at any time in accordance with its terms for up to one (1) year after the date of such Participant’s death (but in no event after the earlier of the expiration of the term of such Stock Option or such time as the Stock Option is otherwise canceled or terminated in accordance with its terms). Upon expiration of such one-year period, no portion of the Stock Option held by such Participant shall be exercisable and the Stock Option shall be deemed to be canceled, forfeited and of no further force or effect.
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(b) If a Participant’s Continuous Service terminates by reason of his or her Disability, any Stock Option held by such Participant may, to the extent then exercisable, be exercised by the Participant or his or her personal representative at any time in accordance with its terms for up to one (1) year after the date of such Participant’s termination of Continuous Service (but in no event after the earlier of the expiration of the term of such Stock Option or such time as the Stock Option is otherwise canceled or terminated in accordance with its terms). Upon expiration of such one-year period, no portion of the Stock Option held by such Participant shall be exercisable and the Stock Option shall be deemed to be canceled, forfeited and of no further force or effect.
(c) If a Participant’s Continuous Service terminates for any reason other than death, Disability or Cause, any Stock Option held by such Participant may, to the extent then exercisable, be exercised by the Participant up until ninety (90) days following such termination of Continuous Service (but in no event after the earlier of the expiration of the term of such Stock Option or such time as the Stock Option is otherwise canceled or terminated in accordance with its terms). Upon expiration of such 90-day period, no portion of the Stock Option held by such Participant shall be exercisable and the Stock Option shall be deemed to be canceled, forfeited and of no further force or effect.
(d) To the extent that a Stock Option of a Participant whose Continuous Service terminates for any reason other than Cause is not exercisable, such Stock Option shall be deemed forfeited and canceled on the ninetieth (90th) day after such termination of Continuous Service or at such earlier time as the Committee may determine.
6.5 Stock Option Exercise. Subject to such terms and conditions as shall be specified in an Award Agreement, a Stock Option may be exercised in whole or in part at any time during the term thereof by notice in the form required by the Company, and payment of the aggregate exercise price by certified or bank check, or such other means as the Committee may accept. As set forth in an Award Agreement or otherwise determined by the Committee, at or after grant, payment in full or in part of the exercise price of an Option may be made: (i) in the form of shares of Common Stock that have been held by the Participant for such period as the Committee may deem appropriate for accounting purposes or otherwise, valued at the Fair Market Value of such shares on the date of exercise; (ii) by surrendering to the Company shares of Common Stock otherwise receivable on exercise of the Option; (iii) by a cashless exercise program implemented by the Committee in connection with the Plan; (iv) subject to the approval of the Committee, by a full recourse, interest bearing promissory note having such terms as the Committee may permit and/or (v) by such other method as may be approved by the Committee. Subject to any governing rules or regulations, as soon as practicable after receipt of written notification of exercise and full payment of the exercise price and satisfaction of any applicable tax withholding pursuant to Section 16.5, the Company shall deliver to the Participant evidence of book entry shares of Common Stock or Common Stock certificates in an appropriate amount based upon the number of shares of Common Stock purchased under the Option. Unless otherwise determined by the Committee, all payments under all of the methods indicated above shall be paid in United States dollars or shares of Common Stock, as applicable.
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6.6 Additional Rules for Incentive Stock Options.
(a) Eligibility. An Incentive Stock Option may only be granted to an Eligible Person who is considered an employee under Treasury Regulation §1.421-1(h) of the Company or any Subsidiary.
(b) Annual Limits. No Incentive Stock Option shall be granted to an Eligible Person as a result of which the aggregate Fair Market Value (determined as of the Date of Grant) of the stock with respect to which Incentive Stock Options are exercisable for the first time in any calendar year under the Plan and any other stock option plans of the Company or any Subsidiary would exceed $100,000, determined in accordance with Section 422(d) of the Code. This limitation shall be applied by taking Incentive Stock Options into account in the order in which granted.
(c) Ten Percent Stockholders. If a Stock Option granted under the Plan is intended to be an Incentive Stock Option, and if the Participant, at the time of grant, owns stock possessing ten percent (10%) or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of Common Stock of the Company or any Subsidiary, then (i) the Stock Option exercise price per share shall in no event be less than 110% of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock on the date of such grant and (ii) such Stock Option shall not be exercisable after the expiration of five (5) years following the date such Stock Option is granted.
(d) Termination of Employment. An Award of an Incentive Stock Option shall provide that such Stock Option may be exercised not later than three (3) months following termination of employment of the Participant with the Company and all Subsidiaries, or not later than one (1) year following death or a permanent and total disability within the meaning of Section 22(e)(3) of the Code, as and to the extent determined by the Committee to be necessary to comply with the requirements of Section 422 of the Code.
(e) Disqualifying Dispositions. If shares of Common Stock acquired by exercise of an Incentive Stock Option are disposed of within two (2) years following the Date of Grant or one (1) year following the transfer of such shares to the Participant upon exercise, the Participant shall, immediately following such disposition, notify the Company in writing of the date and terms of such disposition and provide such other information regarding the disposition as the Company may reasonably require.
7. Stock Appreciation Rights
7.1 Grant of Stock Appreciation Rights. A Stock Appreciation Right may be granted to any Eligible Person selected by the Committee. Stock Appreciation Rights may be granted on a basis that allows for the exercise of the right by the Participant or that provides for the automatic payment of the right upon a specified date or event.
7.2 Base Price. The base price of a Stock Appreciation Right shall be determined by the Committee; provided, however, that the base price for any grant of a Stock Appreciation Right shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the Date of Grant, subject to adjustments as provided for under Section 4.3.
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7.3 Vesting Stock Appreciation Rights. The Committee shall prescribe the time or times at which, or the conditions upon which, a Stock Appreciation Right or portion thereof shall become vested and/or exercisable in an Award Agreement or as otherwise may be adjusted from time to time, including by way of adjustment contemplated by this Plan. The requirements for vesting and exercisability of a Stock Appreciation Right may be based on the Continuous Service of a Participant for a specified time period (or periods) or on the attainment of a specified performance goal (or goals) established by the Committee. The Committee may accelerate the vesting or exercisability of any Stock Appreciation Right at any time.
7.4 Term of Stock Appreciation Rights. The Committee shall prescribe in an Award Agreement the period during which a vested Stock Appreciation Right may be exercised, provided that the maximum term of a Stock Appreciation Right shall be ten (10) years from the Date of Grant. A Stock Appreciation Right may be earlier terminated as specified by the Committee and set forth in an Award Agreement upon or following the termination of a Participant’s Continuous Service for any reason, including by reason of voluntary resignation, death, Disability, termination for Cause or any other reason. Except as otherwise provided in this Section 7 or in an Award Agreement, as such agreement may be amended from time to time upon authorization of the Committee, no Stock Appreciation Right may be exercised at any time during the term thereof unless the Participant is then in Continuous Service.
7.5 Payment of Stock Appreciation Rights. Subject to such terms and conditions as shall be specified in an Award Agreement, a vested Stock Appreciation Right may be exercised in whole or in part at any time during the term thereof by notice in the form required by the Company and payment of any exercise price. Upon the exercise of a Stock Appreciation Right and payment of any applicable exercise price, a Participant shall be entitled to receive an amount determined by multiplying: (i) the excess of the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the date of exercise of the Stock Appreciation Right over the base price of such Stock Appreciation Right, by (ii) the number of shares as to which such Stock Appreciation Right is exercised. Payment of the amount determined under the immediately preceding sentence may be made, as approved by the Committee and set forth in the Award Agreement, in shares of Common Stock valued at their Fair Market Value on the date of exercise, in cash, or in a combination of shares of Common Stock and cash, subject to applicable tax withholding requirements set forth in Section 16.5. If Stock Appreciation Rights are settled in shares of Common Stock, then as soon as practicable following the date of settlement the Company shall deliver to the Participant evidence of book entry shares of Common Stock or Common Stock certificates in an appropriate amount.
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8. Restricted Stock Awards
8.1 Grant of Restricted Stock Awards. A Restricted Stock Award may be granted to any Eligible Person selected by the Committee. The Committee may require the payment by the Participant of a specified purchase price in connection with any Restricted Stock Award. The Committee may provide in an Award Agreement for the payment of dividends and distributions to the Participant such times as paid to stockholders generally or at the times of vesting or other payment of the Restricted Stock Award. If any dividends or distributions are paid in stock while a Restricted Stock Award is subject to restrictions under Section 8.3 of the Plan, the dividends or other distributions shall be subject to the same restrictions on transferability as the shares of Common Stock to which they were paid unless otherwise set forth in the Award Agreement. The Committee may also subject the grant of any Restricted Stock Award to the execution of a voting agreement with the Company or with any Affiliate of the Company.
8.2 Vesting Requirements. The restrictions imposed on shares of Common Stock granted under a Restricted Stock Award shall lapse in accordance with the vesting requirements specified by the Committee in the Award Agreement or as otherwise may be adjusted from time to time, including by way of adjustment contemplated by this Plan. Upon vesting of a Restricted Stock Award, such Award shall be subject to the tax withholding requirement set forth in Section 16.5. The requirements for vesting of a Restricted Stock Award may be based on the Continuous Service of the Participant for a specified time period (or periods) or on the attainment of a specified performance goal (or goals) established by the Committee. The Committee may accelerate the vesting of a Restricted Stock Award at any time. If the vesting requirements of a Restricted Stock Award shall not be satisfied, the Award shall be forfeited and the shares of Common Stock subject to the Award shall be returned to the Company. In the event that the Participant paid any purchase price with respect to such forfeited shares, unless otherwise provided by the Committee in an Award Agreement, the Company will refund to the Participant the lesser of (i) such purchase price and (ii) the Fair Market Value of such shares on the date of forfeiture.
8.3 Restrictions. Shares granted under any Restricted Stock Award may not be transferred, assigned or subject to any encumbrance, pledge, or charge until all applicable restrictions are removed or have expired, unless otherwise allowed by the Committee. The Committee may require in an Award Agreement that certificates representing the shares granted under a Restricted Stock Award bear a legend making appropriate reference to the restrictions imposed, and that certificates representing the shares granted or sold under a Restricted Stock Award will remain in the physical custody of an escrow holder until all restrictions are removed or have expired.
8.4 Rights as Stockholder. Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section 8 and the applicable Award Agreement, the Participant to whom a Restricted Stock Award is made shall have all rights of a stockholder with respect to the shares granted to the Participant under the Restricted Stock Award, including the right to vote the shares and receive all dividends and other distributions paid or made with respect thereto, unless the Committee determines otherwise at the time the Restricted Stock Award is granted.
8.5 Section 83(b) Election. If a Participant makes an election pursuant to Section 83(b) of the Code with respect to a Restricted Stock Award, the Participant shall file, within thirty (30) days following the Date of Grant, a copy of such election with the Company (directed to the Secretary thereof) and with the Internal Revenue Service, in accordance with the regulations under Section 83 of the Code. The Committee may provide in an Award Agreement that the Restricted Stock Award is conditioned upon the Participant’s making or refraining from making an election with respect to the Award under Section 83(b) of the Code.
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9. Restricted Stock Unit Awards
9.1 Grant of Restricted Stock Unit Awards. A Restricted Stock Unit Award may be granted to any Eligible Person selected by the Committee. The value of each stock unit under a Restricted Stock Unit Award is equal to the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock on the applicable date or time period of determination, as specified by the Committee. A Restricted Stock Unit Award shall be subject to such restrictions and conditions as the Committee shall determine. A Restricted Stock Unit Award may be granted together with a dividend equivalent right with respect to the shares of Common Stock subject to the Award, which may be accumulated and may be deemed reinvested in additional stock units, as determined by the Committee. If any dividend equivalents are paid while a Restricted Stock Unit Award is subject to restrictions under Section 9 of the Plan, the Committee may provide in the Award Agreement for such dividend equivalents to immediately be paid to the Participant holding such Restricted Stock Unit Award or pay such dividend equivalents subject to the same restrictions on transferability as the Restricted Stock Units to which they relate.
9.2 Vesting of Restricted Stock Unit Awards. On the Date of Grant, the Committee shall determine any vesting requirements with respect to a Restricted Stock Unit Award, which shall be set forth in the Award Agreement or as otherwise may be adjusted from time to time including by way of adjustment contemplated by this Plan. The requirements for vesting of a Restricted Stock Unit Award may be based on the Continuous Service of the Participant for a specified time period (or periods) or on the attainment of a specified performance goal (or goals) established by the Committee. The Committee may accelerate the vesting of a Restricted Stock Unit Award at any time. A Restricted Stock Unit Award may also be granted on a fully vested basis, with a deferred payment date as may be determined by the Committee or elected by the Participant in accordance with rules established by the Committee and in compliance with Applicable Law including Section 409A of the Code.
9.3 Payment of Restricted Stock Unit Awards. A Restricted Stock Unit Award shall become payable to a Participant at the time or times determined by the Committee and set forth in the Award Agreement, which may be upon or following the vesting of the Award. Payment of a Restricted Stock Unit Award may be made, as determined by the Committee, in cash or in shares of Common Stock, or in a combination thereof as described in the Award Agreement, subject to applicable tax withholding requirements set forth in Section 16.5. Any cash payment of a Restricted Stock Unit Award shall be made based upon the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock, determined on such date or over such time period as determined by the Committee. Notwithstanding the foregoing, unless specified otherwise in the Award Agreement, any Restricted Stock Unit, whether settled in Common Stock or cash, shall be paid no later than two-and-a-half (2 ½) months after the later of the calendar year or fiscal year in which the Restricted Stock Units vest. If Restricted Stock Unit Awards are settled in shares of Common Stock, then as soon as practicable following the date of settlement, the Company shall deliver to the Participant evidence of book entry shares of Common Stock or Common Stock certificates in an appropriate amount.
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10. Performance Shares
10.1 Grant of Performance Shares. Performance Shares may be granted to any Eligible Person selected by the Committee. A Performance Share Award shall be subject to such restrictions and conditions as the Committee shall specify in a Participant’s Award Agreement or as otherwise may be adjusted from time to time, including by way of adjustment contemplated by this Plan. A Performance Share Award may be granted with a dividend equivalent right with respect to the shares of Common Stock subject to the Award, which may be accumulated and may be deemed reinvested in additional stock units, as determined by the Committee. Any shares of Common Stock issued to a Participant under this Section 10.1 may be subject to any restrictions deemed appropriate by the Committee.
10.2 Value of Performance Shares. Each Performance Share shall have an initial value equal to the Fair Market Value of a Share on the Date of Grant. The Committee shall set performance goals that, depending on the extent to which they are met over a specified time period, shall determine the number of Performance Shares that shall be issued to a Participant.
10.3 Earning of Performance Shares. After the applicable time period has ended, the number of Performance Shares earned by the Participant over such time period shall be determined as a function of the extent to which the applicable corresponding performance goals have been achieved. This determination shall be made solely by the Committee.
11. Performance Stock Units
11.1 Grant of Performance Stock Units. Performance Stock Units may be granted to any Eligible Person selected by the Committee. A Performance Stock Unit Award shall be subject to such restrictions and conditions as the Committee shall specify in a Participant’s Award Agreement or as otherwise may be adjusted from time to time, including by way of adjustment contemplated by this Plan.
11.2 Value of Performance Stock Units. Each Performance Stock Unit shall have an initial notional value equal to a dollar amount determined by the Committee. The Committee shall set performance goals that, depending on the extent to which they are met over a specified time period, will determine the number of Performance Stock Units that shall be settled and paid to the Participant.
11.3 Earning of Performance Stock Units. After the applicable time period has ended, the number of Performance Stock Units earned by the Participant, and the amount payable in cash, in shares or in a combination thereof, over such time period shall be determined as a function of the extent to which the applicable corresponding performance goals have been achieved. This determination shall be made solely by the Committee.
11.4 Form and Timing of Payment of Performance Stock Units. The Committee shall pay at the close of the applicable Performance Period, or as soon as practicable thereafter, any earned Performance Stock Units in the form of cash or in shares of Common Stock or in a combination thereof, as specified in a Participant’s Award Agreement, subject to applicable tax withholding requirements set forth in Section 16.5. Notwithstanding the foregoing, unless specified otherwise in the Award Agreement, all Performance Stock Units shall be paid no later than two-and-a-half (2 ½) months following the later of the calendar year or fiscal year in which such Performance Stock Units vest. Any shares of Common Stock paid to a Participant under this Section 11.4 may be subject to any restrictions deemed appropriate by the Committee. If Performance Stock Units are settled in shares of Common Stock, then as soon as practicable following the date of settlement the Company shall deliver to the Participant evidence of book entry shares of Common Stock or Common Stock certificates in an appropriate amount.
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12. Incentive Bonus Awards
12.1 Incentive Bonus Awards. The Committee may grant Incentive Bonus Awards to such Participants as it may designate from time to time. The terms of a Participant’s Incentive Bonus Award shall be set forth in the Participant’s Award Agreement or as otherwise may be adjusted from time to time, including by way of adjustment contemplated by this Plan. Each Award Agreement shall specify such general terms and conditions as the Committee shall determine.
12.2 Incentive Bonus Award Performance Criteria. The determination of Incentive Bonus Awards for a given year or years may be based upon the attainment of specified levels of Company or Subsidiary performance as measured by pre-established, objective performance criteria determined by the Committee. The Committee shall (i) select those Participants who shall be eligible to receive an Incentive Bonus Award, (ii) determine the performance period, (iii) determine target levels of performance, and (iv) determine the level of Incentive Bonus Award to be paid to each selected Participant upon the achievement of each performance level. The Committee generally shall make the foregoing determinations prior to the commencement of services to which an Incentive Bonus Award relates, to the extent applicable, and while the outcome of the performance goals and targets is uncertain. The Committee shall have the power to adjust, modify, increase, decrease, or otherwise change any of the foregoing determinations from time to time.
12.3 Payment of Incentive Bonus Awards.
(a) Incentive Bonus Awards shall be paid in cash or Common Stock, as set forth in a Participant’s Award Agreement. Payments shall be made following a determination by the Committee that the performance targets were attained and shall be made within two and one-half months after the later of the end of the fiscal or calendar year in which the Incentive Award is no longer subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture.
(b) The amount of an Incentive Bonus Award to be paid upon the attainment of each targeted level of performance shall equal a percentage of a Participant’s base salary for the fiscal year, a fixed dollar amount, or such other formula, as determined by the Committee.
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13. Other Cash-Based Awards and Other Stock-Based Awards
13.1 Other Cash-Based and Stock-Based Awards. The Committee may grant other types of equity-based or equity-related Awards not otherwise described by the terms of this Plan (including the grant or offer for sale of unrestricted Shares) in such amounts and subject to such terms and conditions, as the Committee shall determine and specify in a Participant’s Award Agreement or as otherwise may be adjusted from time to time, including by way of adjustment contemplated by this Plan. Such Awards may involve the transfer of actual shares of Common Stock to a Participant, or payment in cash or otherwise of amounts based on the value of shares of Common Stock. In addition, the Committee, at any time and from time to time, may grant Other Cash-Based Awards to a Participant in such amounts and upon such terms as the Committee shall determine and specify in a Participant’s Award Agreement or as otherwise may be adjusted from time to time, including by way of adjustment contemplated by this Plan.
13.2 Value of Cash-Based Awards and Other Stock-Based Awards. Each Other Stock-Based Award shall be expressed in terms of shares of Common Stock or units based on shares of Common Stock, as determined by the Committee. Each Other Cash-Based Award shall specify a payment amount or payment range as determined by the Committee. If the Committee exercises discretion to establish performance goals, the value of Other Cash-Based Awards that shall be paid to the Participant will depend on the extent to which such performance goals are met.
13.3 Payment of Cash-Based Awards and Other Stock-Based Awards. Payment, if any, with respect to Other Cash-Based Awards and Other Stock-Based Award shall be made in accordance with the terms of the Award, in cash or shares of Common Stock as the Committee determines.
14. Change in Control
14.1 Effect of a Change in Control.
(a) The Committee may, at the time of the grant of an Award and as set forth in an Award Agreement, provide for the effect of a “Change in Control” on an Award. Such provisions may include any one or more of the following: (i) the acceleration or extension of time periods for purposes of exercising, vesting in, or realizing gain from any Award, (ii) the elimination, suspension, adjustment or other modification of performance or other conditions related to the payment or other rights under an Award, (iii) provision for the cash settlement of an Award for an equivalent cash value, as determined by the Committee, or (iv) such other modification or adjustment to an Award as the Committee deems appropriate to maintain and protect the rights and interests of Participants upon or following a Change in Control. To the extent necessary for compliance with Section 409A of the Code, an Award Agreement shall provide that an Award subject to the requirements of Section 409A that would otherwise become payable upon a Change in Control shall only become payable to the extent that the requirements for a “change in control” for purposes of Section 409A have been satisfied.
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(b) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in the Plan, unless otherwise provided by an Award Agreement, upon or in anticipation of any Change in Control, the Committee may and without the need for the consent of any Participant, take one or more of the following actions contingent upon the occurrence of that Change in Control: (i) cause any or all outstanding Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights held by Participants affected by the Change in Control to become vested and immediately exercisable, in whole or in part; (ii) cause any or all outstanding Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Performance Shares, Performance Stock Units, Incentive Bonus Award and any other Award held by Participants affected by the Change in Control to become non-forfeitable, in whole or in part; (iii) cancel any Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right in exchange for a substitute option in a manner consistent with the requirements of Treasury Regulation. §1.424-1(a) or §1.409A-1(b)(5)(v)(D), as applicable (notwithstanding the fact that the original Stock Option may never have been intended to satisfy the requirements for treatment as an Incentive Stock Option); (iv) cancel any Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Performance Shares or Performance Stock Units held by a Participant in exchange for restricted stock or performance shares of or stock or performance units in respect of the capital stock of any successor corporation; (v) redeem any Restricted Stock held by a Participant affected by the Change in Control for cash and/or other substitute consideration with a value equal to the Fair Market Value of an unrestricted share of Common Stock on the date of the Change in Control; (vi) terminate any Award in exchange for an amount of cash and/or property equal to the amount, if any, that would have been attained upon the exercise of such Award or realization of the Participant’s rights as of the date of the occurrence of the Change in Control (the “Change in Control Consideration”); provided, however that if the Change in Control Consideration with respect to any Option or Stock Appreciation Right does not exceed the exercise price of such Option or Stock Appreciation Right, the Committee may cancel the Option or Stock Appreciation Right without payment of any consideration therefor; (vii) cancel any unvested Award without payment of consideration therefor; and/or (viii) take any other action necessary or appropriate to carry out the terms of any definitive agreement controlling the terms and conditions of the Change in Control or that the Committee otherwise deems appropriate, necessary, advisable or convenient in order to further the intent and purposes of such Change in Control. Any such Change in Control Consideration may be subject to any escrow, indemnification and similar obligations, contingencies and encumbrances applicable in connection with the Change in Control to holders of Common Stock. Without limitation of the foregoing, if as of the date of the occurrence of the Change in Control the Committee determines that no amount would have been attained upon the realization of the Participant’s rights, then such Award may be terminated by the Company without payment. The Committee may cause the Change in Control Consideration to be subject to vesting conditions (whether or not the same as the vesting conditions applicable to the Award prior to the Change in Control) and/or make such other modifications, adjustments or amendments to outstanding Awards or this Plan as the Committee deems necessary or appropriate. In taking any of the actions permitted under this Section 14, the Committee will not be obligated to treat all Awards, all Awards held by a Participant, all Awards of the same type, or all portions of Awards, similarly.
(c) The Committee may require a Participant to (i) represent and warrant as to the unencumbered title to the Participant’s Awards, (ii) bear such Participant’s pro rata share of any post-closing indemnity obligations, and be subject to the same or similar post-closing purchase price adjustments, escrow terms, offset rights, holdback terms and similar conditions as the other holders of Common Stock, and (iii) execute and deliver such documents and instruments as the Committee may reasonably require for the Participant to be bound by such obligations. The Committee will endeavor to take action under this Section 14 in a manner that does not cause a violation of Section 409A of the Code with respect to an Award.
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15. General Provisions
15.1 Award Agreement. To the extent deemed necessary by the Committee, an Award under the Plan shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement in a written or electronic form approved by the Committee and to the extent applicable, setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock or units subject to the Award, the exercise price, base price, or purchase price of the Award, the time or times at which an Award will become vested, exercisable or payable and the term of the Award. The Award Agreement may also set forth the effect on an Award of termination of Continuous Service under certain circumstances. The Award Agreement shall be subject to and incorporate, by reference or otherwise, all of the applicable terms and conditions of the Plan, and may also set forth other terms and conditions applicable to the Award as determined by the Committee consistent with the limitations of the Plan. Award Agreements evidencing Incentive Stock Options shall contain such terms and conditions as may be necessary to meet the applicable provisions of Section 422 of the Code. The grant of an Award under the Plan shall not confer any rights upon the Participant holding such Award other than such terms, and subject to such conditions, as are specified in the Plan as being applicable to such type of Award (or to all Awards) or as are expressly set forth in the Award Agreement.
15.2 Forfeiture Events/Representations. The Committee may specify in an Award Agreement at the time of the Award that the Participant’s rights, payments and benefits with respect to an Award shall be subject to reduction, cancellation, forfeiture or recoupment upon the occurrence of certain specified events, in addition to any otherwise applicable vesting or performance conditions of an Award. Such events shall include, but shall not be limited to, termination of Continuous Service for Cause, violation of Company policies, breach of noncompetition, confidentiality or other restrictive covenants that may apply to the Participant, or other conduct by the Participant that is detrimental to the business or reputation of the Company. The Committee may also specify in an Award Agreement that the Participant’s rights, payments and benefits with respect to an Award shall be conditioned upon the Participant making a representation regarding compliance with noncompetition, confidentiality or other restrictive covenants that may apply to the Participant and providing that the Participant’s rights, payments and benefits with respect to an Award shall be subject to reduction, cancellation, forfeiture or recoupment on account of a breach of such representation. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the confidentiality restrictions set forth in an Award Agreement shall not, and shall not be interpreted to, impair a Participant from exercising any legally protected whistleblower rights (including under Rule 21 of the Exchange Act). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein or in any Award Agreement, any amounts paid hereunder shall be subject to recoupment in accordance with The Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and any implementing regulations thereunder, any “clawback” policy adopted by the Company, as in effect from time to time, or as is otherwise required by Applicable Law.
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15.3 No Assignment or Transfer; Beneficiaries.
(a) Awards under the Plan shall not be assignable or transferable by the Participant, except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and shall not be subject in any manner to assignment, alienation, pledge, encumbrance or charge. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Committee may provide in an Award Agreement that the Participant shall have the right to designate a beneficiary or beneficiaries who shall be entitled to any rights, payments or other benefits specified under an Award following the Participant’s death. During the lifetime of a Participant, an Award shall be exercised only by such Participant or such Participant’s guardian or legal representative. In the event of a Participant’s death, an Award may, to the extent permitted by the Award Agreement, be exercised by the Participant’s beneficiary as designated by the Participant in the manner prescribed by the Committee or, in the absence of an authorized beneficiary designation, by the legatee of such Award under the Participant’s will or by the Participant’s estate in accordance with the Participant’s will or the laws of descent and distribution, in each case in the same manner and to the same extent that such Award was exercisable by the Participant on the date of the Participant’s death.
(b) Limited Transferability Rights. Notwithstanding anything else in this Section 15.3 to the contrary, the Committee may provide in an Award Agreement that an Award in the form of a Nonqualified Stock Option, share-settled Stock Appreciation Right, Restricted Stock, Performance Share or share-settled Other Stock-Based Award may be transferred, on such terms and conditions as the Committee deems appropriate, either (i) by instrument to the Participant’s “Immediate Family” (as defined below), (ii) by instrument to an inter vivos or testamentary trust (or other entity) in which the Award is to be passed to the Participant’s designated beneficiaries, or (iii) by gift to charitable institutions. Any transferee of the Participant’s rights shall succeed and be subject to all of the terms of the applicable Award Agreement and the Plan. “Immediate Family” means any child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, former spouse, sibling, niece, nephew, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law, and shall include adoptive relationships.
15.4 Rights as Stockholder. A Participant shall have no rights as a holder of shares of Common Stock with respect to any unissued shares of Common Stock covered by an Award until the date the Participant becomes the holder of record of such securities. Except as provided in Section 4.3 hereof, no adjustment or other provision shall be made for dividends or other stockholder rights, except to the extent that the Award Agreement provides for dividend payments or dividend equivalent rights.
15.5 Employment or Continuous Service. Nothing in the Plan, in the grant of any Award or in any Award Agreement shall confer upon any Eligible Person or Participant any right to continue in Continuous Service, or interfere in any way with the right of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to terminate the employment or other service relationship of an Eligible Person or Participant for any reason at any time.
15.6 Fractional Shares. In the case of any fractional share or unit resulting from the grant, vesting, payment or crediting of dividends or dividend equivalents under an Award, the Committee shall have the authority to (i) disregard such fractional share or unit, (ii) round such fractional share or unit to the nearest lower or higher whole share or unit, or (iii) convert such fractional share or unit into a right to receive a cash payment.
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15.7 Other Compensation and Benefit Plans. The amount of any compensation deemed to be received by a Participant pursuant to an Award shall not constitute includable compensation for purposes of determining the amount of benefits to which a Participant is entitled under any other compensation or benefit plan or program of the Company or any Subsidiary, including, without limitation, under any bonus, pension, profit-sharing, life insurance, salary continuation or severance benefits plan, except to the extent specifically provided by the terms of any such plan.
15.8 Plan Binding on Transferees. The Plan shall be binding upon the Company, its transferees and assigns, and the Participant, the Participant’s executor, administrator and permitted transferees and beneficiaries. In addition, all obligations of the Company under this Plan with respect to Awards granted hereunder shall be binding on any successor to the Company, whether the existence of such successor is the result of a direct or indirect purchase, merger, consolidation, or otherwise, of all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company.
15.9 Foreign Jurisdictions. The Committee may adopt, amend and terminate such arrangements and grant such Awards, not inconsistent with the intent of the Plan, as it may deem necessary or desirable to comply with any tax, securities, regulatory or other laws of other jurisdictions with respect to Awards that may be subject to such laws. The terms and conditions of such Awards may vary from the terms and conditions that would otherwise be required by the Plan solely to the extent the Committee deems necessary for such purpose. Moreover, the Board may approve such supplements to or amendments, restatements or alternative versions of the Plan, not inconsistent with the intent of the Plan, as it may consider necessary or appropriate for such purposes, without thereby affecting the terms of the Plan as in effect for any other purpose.
15.10 No Obligation to Notify or Minimize Taxes. The Company will have no duty or obligation to any Participant to advise such holder as to the time or manner of exercising an Award. Furthermore, the Company will have no duty or obligation to warn or otherwise advise such holder of a pending termination or expiration of an Award or a possible period in which the Award may not be exercised. The Company has no duty or obligation to minimize the tax consequences of an Award to the holder of such Award.
15.11 Corporate Action Constituting Grant of Awards. Corporate action constituting a grant by the Company of an Award to any Participant will be deemed completed as of the date of such corporate action, unless otherwise determined by the Committee or the Board, regardless of when the instrument, certificate, or letter evidencing the Award is communicated to, or actually received or accepted by, the Participant. In the event that the corporate records (e.g., Board or Committee consents, resolutions or minutes) documenting the corporate action constituting the grant contain terms (e.g., exercise price, vesting schedule or number of shares) that are inconsistent with those in the Award Agreement as a result of a clerical error in the papering of the Award Agreement, the corporate records will control and the Participant will have no legally binding right to the incorrect term in the Award Agreement.
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15.12 Change in Time Commitment. In the event a Participant’s regular level of time commitment in the performance of the Participant’s services for the Company and any Affiliates is reduced (for example, and without limitation, if the Participant is an employee of the Company and the employee has a change in status from a full-time employee to a part-time employee) after the date of grant of any Award to the Participant, the Committee has the right to (i) make a corresponding reduction in the number of shares subject to any portion of such Award that is scheduled to vest or become payable after the date of such change in time commitment and (ii) in lieu of or in combination with such a reduction, extend the vesting or payment schedule applicable to such Award. In the event of any such reduction, the Participant will have no right with respect to any portion of the Award that is so reduced or extended.
15.13 Substitute Awards in Corporate Transactions. Nothing contained in the Plan shall be construed to limit the right of the Committee to grant Awards under the Plan in connection with the acquisition, whether by purchase, merger, consolidation or other corporate transaction, of the business or assets of any corporation or other entity. Without limiting the foregoing, the Committee may grant Awards under the Plan to an employee or director of another corporation who becomes an Eligible Person by reason of any such corporate transaction in substitution for awards previously granted by such corporation or entity to such person. The terms and conditions of the substitute Awards may vary from the terms and conditions that would otherwise be required by the Plan solely to the extent the Committee deems necessary for such purpose. Any shares of Common Stock subject to these substitute Awards shall not be counted against any of the maximum share limitations set forth in the Plan; provided, that, these substitute Awards issued in connection with the assumption of, or in substitution for, outstanding Options that are intended to qualify as Incentive Stock Options shall be counted against the number of shares of Common Stock set forth in Section 4.1(a) that may granted as Incentive Stock Options.
16. Legal Compliance
16.1 Securities Laws. No shares of Common Stock will be issued or transferred pursuant to an Award unless and until all then applicable requirements imposed by Federal and state securities and other laws, rules and regulations and by any regulatory agencies having jurisdiction, and by any exchanges upon which the shares of Common Stock may be listed, have been fully met. As a condition precedent to the issuance of shares pursuant to the grant or exercise of an Award, the Company may require the Participant to take any reasonable action to meet such requirements. The Committee may impose such conditions on any shares of Common Stock issuable under the Plan as it may deem advisable, including, without limitation, restrictions under the Securities Act, as amended, under the requirements of any exchange upon which such shares of the same class are then listed, and under any blue sky or other securities laws applicable to such shares. The Committee may also require the Participant to represent and warrant at the time of issuance or transfer that the shares of Common Stock are being acquired only for investment purposes and without any current intention to sell or distribute such shares. All Common Stock issued pursuant to the terms of this Plan shall constitute “restricted securities,” as that term is defined in Rule 144 promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act, and may not be transferred except in compliance herewith and with the registration requirements of the Securities Act or an exemption therefrom. Certificates representing Common Stock acquired pursuant to an Award may bear such legend as the Company may consider appropriate under the circumstances.
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16.2 Incentive Arrangement. The Plan is designed to provide an on-going, pecuniary incentive for Participants to produce their best efforts to increase the value of the Company. The Plan is not intended to provide retirement income or to defer the receipt of payments hereunder to the termination of a Participant’s employment or beyond. The Plan is thus intended not to be a pension or welfare benefit plan that is subject to Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”), and shall be construed accordingly. All interpretations and determinations hereunder shall be made on a basis consistent with the Plan’s status as not an employee benefit plan subject to ERISA.
16.3 Unfunded Plan. The adoption of the Plan and any reservation of shares of Common Stock or cash amounts by the Company to discharge its obligations hereunder shall not be deemed to create a trust or other funded arrangement. Except upon the issuance of Common Stock pursuant to an Award, any rights of a Participant under the Plan shall be those of a general unsecured creditor of the Company, and neither a Participant nor the Participant’s permitted transferees or estate shall have any other interest in any assets of the Company by virtue of the Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall have the right to implement or set aside funds in a grantor trust, subject to the claims of the Company’s creditors or otherwise, to discharge its obligations under the Plan.
16.4 Section 409A Compliance. To the extent applicable, it is intended that the Plan and all Awards hereunder comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code or an exemption thereto, and the Plan and all Award Agreements shall be interpreted and applied by the Committee in a manner consistent with this intent in order to avoid the imposition of any additional tax under Section 409A of the Code. Notwithstanding anything in the Plan or an Award Agreement to the contrary, in the event that any provision of the Plan or an Award Agreement is determined by the Committee, to not comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code or an exemption thereto, the Committee shall have the authority to take such actions and to make such interpretations or changes to the Plan or an Award Agreement as the Committee deems necessary, regardless of whether such actions, interpretations, or changes shall adversely affect a Participant, subject to the limitations, if any, of Applicable Law. If an Award is subject to Section 409A of the Code, any payment made to a Participant who is a “specified employee” of the Company or any Subsidiary shall not be made before the date that is six (6) months after the Participant’s “separation from service” to the extent required to avoid the adverse consequences of Section 409A of the Code. For purposes of this Section 16.4, the terms “separation from service” and “specified employee” shall have the meanings set forth in Section 409A of the Code. In no event whatsoever shall the Company be liable for any additional tax, interest or penalties that may be imposed on any Participant by Section 409A of the Code or any damages for failing to comply with Section 409A of the Code.
16.5 Tax Withholding.
(a) The Company shall have the power and the right to deduct or withhold, or require a participant to remit to the Company, the minimum statutory amount to satisfy federal, state, and local taxes, domestic or foreign, required by law or regulation to be withheld with respect to any taxable event arising as a result of this Plan, but in no event shall such deduction or withholding or remittance exceed the minimum statutory withholding requirements unless permitted by the Company and such additional withholding amount will not cause adverse accounting consequences and is permitted under Applicable Law.
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(b) Subject to such terms and conditions as shall be specified in an Award Agreement, a Participant may, in order to fulfill the withholding obligation, (i) tender previously-acquired shares of Common Stock or have shares of stock withheld from the exercise, provided that the shares have an aggregate Fair Market Value sufficient to satisfy in whole or in part the applicable withholding taxes; and/or (ii) utilize the broker-assisted exercise procedure described in Section 6.5 to satisfy the withholding requirements related to the exercise of a Stock Option.
(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Participant may not use shares of Common Stock to satisfy the withholding requirements to the extent that (i) there is a substantial likelihood that the use of such form of payment or the timing of such form of payment would subject the Participant to a substantial risk of liability under Section 16 of the Exchange Act; (ii) such withholding would constitute a violation of the provisions of any law or regulation, or (iii) such withholding would cause adverse accounting consequences for the Company.
16.6 No Guarantee of Tax Consequences. Neither the Company, the Board, the Committee nor any other Person make any commitment or guarantee that any federal, state, local or foreign tax treatment will apply or be available to any Participant or any other Person hereunder.
16.7 Severability. If any provision of the Plan or any Award Agreement shall be determined to be illegal or unenforceable by any court of law in any jurisdiction, the remaining provisions hereof and thereof shall be severable and enforceable in accordance with their terms, and all provisions shall remain enforceable in any other jurisdiction.
16.8 Stock Certificates; Book Entry Form. Notwithstanding any provision of the Plan to the contrary, unless otherwise determined by the Committee or required by any Applicable Law, rule or regulation, any obligation set forth in the Plan pertaining to the delivery or issuance of stock certificates evidencing shares of Common Stock may be satisfied by having issuance and/or ownership of such shares recorded on the books and records of the Company (or, as applicable, its transfer agent or stock plan administrator).
16.9 Governing Law. The Plan and all rights hereunder shall be subject to and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without reference to the principles of conflicts of laws, and to applicable Federal securities laws. Each Participant knowingly, voluntarily and expressly waives any and all rights to initiate, participate in, or receive money or any other form of relief from any class, collective or representative proceeding and agrees that each arbitration proceeding shall proceed on an individualized basis.
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16.10 Reduction of Excess Parachute Payments. Except as may be provided in an employment or severance compensation or other service agreement between the Company and the Participant, if, in connection with a Change in Control, a Participant’s payment of any Awards will cause the Participant to be liable for federal excise tax under Section 4999 of the Code levied on certain “excess parachute payments” as defined in Section 280G of the Code (“Excise Tax”), then the payments made pursuant to the Awards shall be reduced (or repaid to the Company, if previously paid or provided) as provided below:
(a) If the payments due upon a Change in Control under this Plan and any other agreement between a Participant and the Company, exceed 2.99 times the Participant’s “base amount,” as defined in Section 280G of the Code, a reduced payment amount shall be calculated by reducing the payments to the minimum extent necessary so that no portion of any payment, as so reduced or repaid, constitutes an excess parachute payment.
(b) Whether payments are to be reduced pursuant to this Section 16.10, and to the extent to which they are to be so reduced, will be determined solely by the Company and the Company will notify the Participant in writing of its determination.
(c) In no event shall a Participant be entitled to receive any kind of gross-up payment or Excise Tax reimbursement from the Company.
17. Effective Date, Amendment and Termination
17.1 Effective Date. The effective date of the Plan shall be on the later to occur of (i) its adoption by the Board or (ii) the business day immediately prior to the date that any class of securities of the Company is listed on a national securities exchange or national market system or traded in an over-the-counter market.
17.2 Amendment; Termination. The Board may suspend or terminate the Plan (or any portion thereof) at any time and may amend the Plan at any time and from time to time in such respects as the Board may deem advisable or in the best interests of the Company or any Subsidiary; provided, however, that (a) except as expressly permitted pursuant to Sections 3.2, 4.3, and 14.1, no such amendment, suspension or termination shall materially and adversely affect the rights of any Participant under any outstanding Awards, without the consent of such Participant, provided that no modification or amendment of any Incentive Stock Option shall require a Participant’s consent as a result of such modification or amendment causing such Incentive Stock Option (i) to become a Nonqualified Stock Option or (ii) to be considered granted as of the date of such modification or amendment pursuant to Section 424 of the Code and Treasury Regulations Section 1.424-1(e), (b) to the extent necessary and desirable to comply with any Applicable Law, regulation, or stock exchange rule, the Company shall obtain stockholder approval of any Plan amendment in such a manner and to such a degree as required, and (c) stockholder approval is required for any amendment to the Plan that (i) increases the number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance under the Plan, or (ii) changes the persons or class of persons eligible to receive Awards. The Plan will continue in effect until terminated in accordance with this Section 17.2; provided, however, that no Award will be granted hereunder on or after the 10th anniversary of the date of the Plan’s initial adoption by the Board (the “Expiration Date”); but provided further, that Awards granted prior to such Expiration Date may extend beyond that date.
INITIAL BOARD APPROVAL: April 2, 2026
INITIAL STOCKHOLDER APPROVAL: April 2, 2026
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INCENTIVE STOCK OPTION GRANT AGREEMENT
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
This Stock Option Grant Agreement (the “Grant Agreement”) is made and entered into effective on the Date of Grant set forth in Exhibit A (the “Date of Grant”) by and between Vida Global Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the individual named in Exhibit A hereto (the “Participant”).
WHEREAS, the Company desires to provide the Participant an incentive to participate in the success and growth of the Company through the opportunity to earn a proprietary interest in the Company; and
WHEREAS, to give effect to the foregoing intention, the Company desires to grant the Participant an option pursuant to the Vida Global Inc. 2026 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (as amended, restated or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Plan”), to acquire the Company’s Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”);
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants hereinafter set forth and for good and valuable consideration, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. Grant. The Company hereby grants the Participant an Incentive Stock Option (the “Option”) to purchase up to the number of shares of Common Stock (the “Shares”) set forth in Exhibit A hereto at the exercise price per Share (the “Exercise Price”) set forth in Exhibit A, and on the vesting schedule set forth in Exhibit A, subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein and the provisions of the Plan, the terms of which are incorporated herein by reference. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Grant Agreement shall have the meanings as set forth in the Plan.
This Option is intended to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option (“ISO”) under Section 422 of the Code. However, notwithstanding such designation, if the Participant becomes eligible in any given year to exercise ISOs for Shares having a Fair Market Value in excess of $100,000, those options representing the excess shall be treated as Non-Qualified Stock Options. In the previous sentence, “ISOs” include ISOs granted under any plan of the Company or any parent or any Subsidiary of the Company. For the purpose of deciding which options apply to Shares that “exceed” the $100,000 limit, ISOs shall be taken into account in the same order as granted. The Fair Market Value of the Shares shall be determined as of the time the Option with respect to such Shares is granted. The Participant hereby acknowledges that there is no assurance that the Option will, in fact, be treated as an Incentive Stock Option under Section 422 of the Code.
2. Exercise Period Following Termination of Continuous Service. This Option shall terminate and be canceled to the extent not exercised within ninety (90) days after the Participant’s Continuous Service terminates, except that if such termination is due to the death or Disability of the Participant, this Option shall terminate and be canceled one (1) year from the date of termination of Continuous Service. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that the Participant’s Continuous Service is terminated for Cause (or without Cause when grounds for Cause exist), then the Option shall immediately terminate on the date of such termination of Continuous Service and shall not be exercisable for any period following such date. In no event, however, shall this Option be exercised later than the Expiration Date set forth in Exhibit A and except as determined by the Committee, in no event shall this Option be exercised for more Shares than the Shares which otherwise have become exercisable as of the date of termination.
3. Method of Exercise. This Option is exercisable by delivery to the Company of an exercise notice (the “Exercise Notice”) in a form satisfactory to the Committee or by such other form or means as the Committee may permit or require. A sample Exercise Notice is attached as Exhibit B. The Committee may, however, require Participant to submit a different form of Exercise Notice. Any Exercise Notice shall state or provide the number of Shares with respect to which the Option is being exercised (the “Exercised Shares”), and include such other representations and agreements as may be required by the Company pursuant to the provisions of the Plan. The Exercise Notice shall be accompanied by payment of the aggregate Exercise Price for the Exercised Shares in (i) cash; (ii) check; (iii) through a “cashless exercise program” on such terms as may be established by the Company from time to time; or (iv) such other manner as is acceptable to the Committee, provided that such form of consideration is permitted by the Plan and by Applicable Law. Upon exercise of the Option by the Participant and prior to the delivery of such Exercised Shares, the Company shall have the right to require the Participant to satisfy applicable Federal and state income tax withholding requirements and the Participant’s share of applicable employment withholding taxes in a method satisfactory to the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Exercised Shares shall be issued unless such exercise and issuance complies with Applicable Law; assuming such compliance, for income tax purposes the Exercised Shares shall be considered transferred to the Participant on the date the Option is exercised with respect to such Shares.
4. Acceptance. To accept the Option, please execute and return this Grant Agreement where indicated (including acceptance via an electronic platform maintained by the Company or a third-party administrator engaged by the Company) no later than six (6) months from the Date of Grant (the “Acceptance Deadline”). By executing this Grant Agreement and accepting the Option, you will have agreed to all the terms and conditions set forth in this Grant Agreement and the Plan. The grant of the Option will be considered null and void, and acceptance of the Option will be of no effect, if you do not execute and return this Grant Agreement by the Acceptance Deadline.
5. Covenants Agreement. This Option shall be subject to forfeiture at the election of the Company, without payment of consideration, in the event that the Participant breaches any agreement between the Participant and the Company with respect to noncompetition, nonsolicitation, nondisparagement, assignment of inventions and contributions and/or nondisclosure obligations of the Participant.
6. Taxes. By executing this Grant Agreement, Participant acknowledges and agrees that Participant is solely responsible for the satisfaction of any applicable taxes that may be imposed on Participant that arise as a result of the grant, vesting or exercise of the Option, including without limitation any taxes arising under Section 409A of the Code (regarding deferred compensation) or Section 4999 of the Code (regarding golden parachute excise taxes), and that neither the Company nor the Committee shall have any obligation whatsoever to pay such taxes or otherwise indemnify or hold Participant harmless from any or all of such taxes.
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7. Non-Transferability of Option. This Option may not be transferred in any manner otherwise than by will or by the laws of descent or distribution and may be exercised during the lifetime of the Participant only by the Participant and any purported transfer shall be null and void ab initio. The terms of the Plan and this Grant Agreement shall be binding upon the executors, administrators, heirs, successors and assigns of the Participant.
8. Securities Matters. All Shares and Exercised Shares shall be subject to the restrictions on sale, encumbrance and other disposition provided by Federal or state law. The Company shall not be obligated to sell or issue any Shares or Exercised Shares pursuant to this Grant Agreement unless, on the date of sale and issuance thereof, such Shares are either registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and all applicable state securities laws, or are exempt from registration thereunder. Regardless of whether the offering and sale of Shares under the Plan have been registered under the Securities Act, or have been registered or qualified under the securities laws of any state, the Company at its sole and absolute discretion may impose restrictions upon the sale, pledge or other transfer of such Shares (including the placement of appropriate legends on stock certificates or the imposition of stop-transfer instructions) if, in the judgment of the Company, such restrictions are necessary in order to achieve compliance with Applicable Law.
9. Investment Purpose. The Participant represents and warrants that unless the Shares are registered under the Securities Act, any and all Shares acquired by the Participant under this Grant Agreement will be acquired for investment for the Participant’s own account and not with a view to, for resale in connection with, or with an intent of participating directly or indirectly in, any distribution of such Shares within the meaning of the Securities Act. The Participant agrees not to sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of such Shares unless they are either (1) registered under the Securities Act and all applicable state securities laws, or (2) exempt from such registration in the opinion of Company counsel.
10. Lock-Up Agreement. The Participant hereby agrees that in the event that the Participant exercises this Option during a period in which any directors or officers of the Company have agreed with one or more underwriters not to sell securities of the Company, then, as a condition to such exercise, the Participant shall enter into an agreement, in form and substance satisfactory to the Company, pursuant to which the Participant shall agree to restrictions on transferability of the Shares comparable to the restrictions agreed upon by such directors or officers of the Company.
11. Other Plans. No amounts of income received by the Participant pursuant to this Grant Agreement shall be considered compensation for purposes of any pension or retirement plan, insurance plan or any other employee benefit plan of the Company or its subsidiaries, unless otherwise expressly provided in such plan.
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12. No Guarantee of Continued Service. The Participant acknowledges and agrees that the right to exercise the Option pursuant to the exercise schedule hereof is earned only through Continuous Service and such other requirements, if any, as are set forth in Exhibit A (and not through the act of being hired, being granted an option or purchasing shares hereunder). The Participant further acknowledges and agrees that (i) this Grant Agreement, the transactions contemplated hereunder and the exercise schedule set forth herein do not constitute an express or implied promise of continued employment or service for the exercise period or for any other period, and shall not interfere with the Participant’s right or the right of the Company or its Subsidiaries to terminate the employment or service relationship at any time, with or without cause, subject to the terms of any written employment agreement that the Participant may have entered into with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; and (ii) the Company would not have granted this Option to the Participant but for these acknowledgements and agreements.
13. Entire Agreement; Governing Law. The Plan is incorporated herein by reference. The Plan and this Grant Agreement constitute the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede in their entirety all prior undertakings and agreements of the Company and the Participant with respect to the subject matter hereof, and except as provided in the Plan, may not be modified in a manner material and adverse to the Participant’s interest except by means of a writing signed by the Company and the Participant. In the event of any conflict between this Grant Agreement and the Plan, the Plan shall be controlling, except as otherwise specifically provided in the Plan. This Grant Agreement shall be construed under the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to conflict of laws principles.
14. Opportunity for Review. The Participant and the Company agree that this Option is granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Plan and this Grant Agreement. The Participant has reviewed the Plan and this Grant Agreement in their entirety, has had an opportunity to obtain the advice of counsel prior to executing this Grant Agreement and fully understands all provisions of the Plan and this Grant Agreement. The Participant hereby agrees to accept as binding, conclusive and final all decisions or interpretations of the Committee upon any questions relating to the Plan and this Grant Agreement. The Participant further agrees to promptly notify the Company upon any change in the residence address indicated herein.
15. Section 409A. This Option is intended to be excepted from coverage under Section 409A and shall be administered, interpreted and construed accordingly. The Company may, in its sole and absolute discretion and without the Participant’s consent, modify or amend the terms of this Grant Agreement, impose conditions on the timing and effectiveness of the exercise of the Option by Participant, or take any other action it deems necessary or advisable, to cause the Option to be excepted from Section 409A (or to comply therewith to the extent the Company determines it is not excepted).
16. Recoupment. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, any amounts paid hereunder shall be subject to recoupment in accordance with The Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and any implementing regulations thereunder, any clawback policy adopted by the Company, as in effect from time to time, or as is otherwise required by Applicable Law.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Grant Agreement as of the date set forth in Exhibit A.
| VIDA GLOBAL INC. | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | ||
| Title: | ||
| PARTICIPANT | ||
| Name: | ||
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EXHIBIT A
INCENTIVE STOCK OPTION GRANT AGREEMENT
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
| (a). | Participant’s Name: __________________________________________ | |
| (b). | Date of Grant: ______________________ | |
| (c). | Number of Shares Subject to the Option: _______________________ | |
| (d). | Exercise Price: $______ per Share | |
| (e). | Expiration Date: _____________________ | |
| (f). | Vesting Schedule: | |
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EXHIBIT b
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
2026 OMNIBUS EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
STOCK OPTION EXERCISE NOTICE
Vida Global Inc.
[ADDRESS]
[ADDRESS]
Attention:
1. Exercise of Option. Effective as of today, ________________, 202__ (the “Exercise Date”), the undersigned (“Purchaser”) hereby elects to purchase ________ shares (the “Shares”) of the Class A Common Stock of Vida Global Inc. (the “Company”) under and pursuant to the Stock Option Grant Agreement dated _____________, 202_ (the “Option Agreement”). Pursuant to the Option Agreement, the aggregate purchase price for the Shares is $_____________ (the “Purchase Price”). In the event any of the Options being exercised fail to qualify as Incentive Stock Options, __________ of the Options being exercised are Incentive Stock Options and ____________ of the Options being exercised are Nonqualified Stock Options. Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meaning assigned thereto under the Vida Global Inc. 2026 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”).
2. With respect to payment of the Purchase Price, select A or B as follows:
A. [ ] Full Payment. Purchaser herewith makes payment of a check the full Purchase Price to the Company, either:
[ ] by enclosing a check payable to the Company, or
[ ] by transfer of funds by wire transfer to the Company.
B. [ ] Cashless Exercise. If permitted by the Company under Purchaser’s Option Agreement and approved by the Company in connection with approval of such option, Purchaser elects to exercise via “cashless exercise”, and agrees to execute and deliver all appropriate forms as may be required by the Company. Purchaser hereby authorizes the broker, if applicable, to pay to the Company the Purchase Price plus an amount sufficient to cover all applicable taxes, as determined by the Company in its sole and absolute discretion.
3. Rights as Shareholder. Until the issuance (as evidenced by the appropriate entry on the books of the Company or of a duly authorized transfer agent of the Company) of the Shares, no right to vote or receive dividends or any other rights as a shareholder shall exist with respect to the Shares covered by the Option, notwithstanding the exercise of the Option. The Shares so acquired shall be issued to Purchaser as soon as practicable after exercise of the Option. No adjustment will be made for a dividend or other right for which the record date is prior to the date of issuance.
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4. Tax Consultation. Purchaser understands that Purchaser may suffer adverse tax consequences as a result of Purchaser’s purchase or disposition of the Shares. Purchaser represents that Purchaser has consulted with any tax consultants Purchaser deems advisable in connection with the purchase or disposition of the Shares and that Purchaser is not relying on the Company for any tax advice.
5. Entire Agreement; Governing Law. The Option Agreement is incorporated herein by reference. This Agreement and the Option Agreement constitute the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede in their entirety all prior undertakings and agreements of the Company and the Purchaser with respect to the subject matter hereof, and except as provided in the Plan, may not be modified in a manner material and adverse to the Purchaser’s interest except by means of a writing signed by the Company and Purchaser. This agreement is governed by the internal substantive laws, but not the choice of law rules, of the State of Delaware.
| Submitted by: | Accepted by: | |||
| PURCHASER | VIDA GLOBAL INC. | |||
| By: | ||||
| Print Name | Print Name/Title | |||
| Date: | Date: | |||
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NONQUALIFIED STOCK OPTION GRANT AGREEMENT
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
This Stock Option Grant Agreement (the “Grant Agreement”) is made and entered into effective on the Date of Grant set forth in Exhibit A (the “Date of Grant”) by and between Vida Global Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the individual named in Exhibit A hereto (the “Participant”).
WHEREAS, the Company desires to provide the Participant an incentive to participate in the success and growth of the Company through the opportunity to earn a proprietary interest in the Company; and
WHEREAS, to give effect to the foregoing intention, the Company desires to grant the Participant an option pursuant to the Vida Global Inc. 2026 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (as amended, restated or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Plan”), to acquire the Company’s Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”);
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants hereinafter set forth and for good and valuable consideration, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. Grant. The Company hereby grants the Participant a Nonqualified Stock Option (the “Option”) to purchase up to the number of shares of Common Stock (the “Shares”) set forth in Exhibit A hereto at the exercise price per Share (the “Exercise Price”) set forth in Exhibit A, and on the vesting schedule set forth in Exhibit A, subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein and the provisions of the Plan, the terms of which are incorporated herein by reference. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Grant Agreement shall have the meanings as set forth in the Plan.
2. Exercise Period Following Termination of Continuous Service. This Option shall terminate and be canceled to the extent not exercised within ninety (90) days after the Participant’s Continuous Service terminates, except that if such termination is due to the death or Disability of the Participant, this Option shall terminate and be canceled one (1) year from the date of termination of Continuous Service. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that the Participant’s Continuous Service is terminated for Cause (or without Cause when grounds for Cause exist), then the Option shall immediately terminate on the date of such termination of Continuous Service and shall not be exercisable for any period following such date. In no event, however, shall this Option be exercised later than the Expiration Date set forth in Exhibit A and except as determined by the Committee, in no event shall this Option be exercised for more Shares than the Shares which otherwise have become exercisable as of the date of termination.
3. Method of Exercise. This Option is exercisable by delivery to the Company of an exercise notice (the “Exercise Notice”) in a form satisfactory to the Committee or by such other form or means as the Committee may permit or require. A sample Exercise Notice is attached as Exhibit B. The Committee may, however, require Participant to submit a different form of Exercise Notice. Any Exercise Notice shall state or provide the number of Shares with respect to which the Option is being exercised (the “Exercised Shares”), and include such other representations and agreements as may be required by the Company pursuant to the provisions of the Plan. The Exercise Notice shall be accompanied by payment of the aggregate Exercise Price for the Exercised Shares in (i) cash; (ii) check; (iii) through a “cashless exercise program” on such terms as may be established by the Company from time to time; or (iv) such other manner as is acceptable to the Committee, provided that such form of consideration is permitted by the Plan and by Applicable Law. Upon exercise of the Option by the Participant and prior to the delivery of such Exercised Shares, the Company shall have the right to require the Participant to satisfy applicable Federal and state income tax withholding requirements and the Participant’s share of applicable employment withholding taxes in a method satisfactory to the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Exercised Shares shall be issued unless such exercise and issuance complies with Applicable Law; assuming such compliance, for income tax purposes the Exercised Shares shall be considered transferred to the Participant on the date the Option is exercised with respect to such Shares.
4. Acceptance. To accept the Option, please execute and return this Grant Agreement where indicated (including acceptance via an electronic platform maintained by the Company or a third-party administrator engaged by the Company) no later than six (6) months from the Date of Grant (the “Acceptance Deadline”). By executing this Grant Agreement and accepting your Option, you will have agreed to all the terms and conditions set forth in this Grant Agreement and the Plan. The grant of the Option will be considered null and void, and acceptance of the Option will be of no effect, if you do not execute and return this Grant Agreement by the Acceptance Deadline.
5. Covenants Agreement. This Option shall be subject to forfeiture at the election of the Company, without payment of consideration, in the event that the Participant breaches any agreement between the Participant and the Company with respect to noncompetition, nonsolicitation, nondisparagement, assignment of inventions and contributions and/or nondisclosure obligations of the Participant.
6. Taxes. By executing this Grant Agreement, Participant acknowledges and agrees that Participant is solely responsible for the satisfaction of any applicable taxes that may be imposed on Participant that arise as a result of the grant, vesting or exercise of the Option, including without limitation any taxes arising under Section 409A of the Code (regarding deferred compensation) or Section 4999 of the Code (regarding golden parachute excise taxes), and that neither the Company nor the Committee shall have any obligation whatsoever to pay such taxes or otherwise indemnify or hold Participant harmless from any or all of such taxes.
7. Non-Transferability of Option. This Option may not be transferred in any manner otherwise than by will or by the laws of descent or distribution and may be exercised during the lifetime of the Participant only by the Participant and any purported transfer shall be null and void ab initio. The terms of the Plan and this Grant Agreement shall be binding upon the executors, administrators, heirs, successors and assigns of the Participant.
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8. Securities Matters. All Shares and Exercised Shares shall be subject to the restrictions on sale, encumbrance and other disposition provided by Federal or state law. The Company shall not be obligated to sell or issue any Shares or Exercised Shares pursuant to this Grant Agreement unless, on the date of sale and issuance thereof, such Shares are either registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and all applicable state securities laws, or are exempt from registration thereunder. Regardless of whether the offering and sale of Shares under the Plan have been registered under the Securities Act, or have been registered or qualified under the securities laws of any state, the Company at its sole and absolute discretion may impose restrictions upon the sale, pledge or other transfer of such Shares (including the placement of appropriate legends on stock certificates or the imposition of stop-transfer instructions) if, in the judgment of the Company, such restrictions are necessary in order to achieve compliance with Applicable Law.
9. Investment Purpose. The Participant represents and warrants that unless the Shares are registered under the Securities Act, any and all Shares acquired by the Participant under this Grant Agreement will be acquired for investment for the Participant’s own account and not with a view to, for resale in connection with, or with an intent of participating directly or indirectly in, any distribution of such Shares within the meaning of the Securities Act. The Participant agrees not to sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of such Shares unless they are either (1) registered under the Securities Act and all applicable state securities laws, or (2) exempt from such registration in the opinion of Company counsel.
10. Lock-Up Agreement. The Participant hereby agrees that in the event that the Participant exercises this Option during a period in which any directors or officers of the Company have agreed with one or more underwriters not to sell securities of the Company, then, as a condition to such exercise, the Participant shall enter into an agreement, in form and substance satisfactory to the Company, pursuant to which the Participant shall agree to restrictions on transferability of the Shares comparable to the restrictions agreed upon by such directors or officers of the Company.
11. Other Plans. No amounts of income received by the Participant pursuant to this Grant Agreement shall be considered compensation for purposes of any pension or retirement plan, insurance plan or any other employee benefit plan of the Company or its subsidiaries, unless otherwise expressly provided in such plan.
12. No Guarantee of Continued Service. The Participant acknowledges and agrees that the right to exercise the Option pursuant to the exercise schedule hereof is earned only through Continuous Service and such other requirements, if any, as are set forth in Exhibit A (and not through the act of being hired, being granted an option or purchasing shares hereunder). The Participant further acknowledges and agrees that (i) this Grant Agreement, the transactions contemplated hereunder and the exercise schedule set forth herein do not constitute an express or implied promise of continued employment or service for the exercise period or for any other period, and shall not interfere with the Participant’s right or the right of the Company or its Subsidiaries to terminate the employment or service relationship at any time, with or without cause, subject to the terms of any written employment agreement that the Participant may have entered into with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; and (ii) the Company would not have granted this Option to the Participant but for these acknowledgements and agreements.
13. Entire Agreement; Governing Law. The Plan is incorporated herein by reference. The Plan and this Grant Agreement constitute the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede in their entirety all prior undertakings and agreements of the Company and the Participant with respect to the subject matter hereof, and except as provided in the Plan may not be modified in a manner material and adverse to the Participant’s interest except by means of a writing signed by the Company and the Participant. In the event of any conflict between this Grant Agreement and the Plan, the Plan shall be controlling, except as otherwise specifically provided in the Plan. This Grant Agreement shall be construed under the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to conflict of laws principles.
14. Opportunity for Review. The Participant and the Company agree that this Option is granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Plan and this Grant Agreement. The Participant has reviewed the Plan and this Grant Agreement in their entirety, has had an opportunity to obtain the advice of counsel prior to executing this Grant Agreement and fully understands all provisions of the Plan and this Grant Agreement. The Participant hereby agrees to accept as binding, conclusive and final all decisions or interpretations of the Committee upon any questions relating to the Plan and this Grant Agreement. The Participant further agrees to promptly notify the Company upon any change in the residence address indicated herein.
15. Section 409A. This Option is intended to be excepted from coverage under Section 409A and shall be administered, interpreted and construed accordingly. The Company may, in its sole and absolute discretion and without the Participant’s consent, modify or amend the terms of this Grant Agreement, impose conditions on the timing and effectiveness of the exercise of the Option by Participant, or take any other action it deems necessary or advisable, to cause the Option to be excepted from Section 409A (or to comply therewith to the extent the Company determines it is not excepted).
16. Recoupment. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, any amounts paid hereunder shall be subject to recoupment in accordance with The Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and any implementing regulations thereunder, any clawback policy adopted by the Company, as in effect from time to time, or as is otherwise required by Applicable Law.
[Signature Page Follows]
| -3- |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Grant Agreement as of the date set forth in Exhibit A.
| VIDA GLOBAL INC. | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | ||
| Title: | ||
| PARTICIPANT | ||
| Name: | ||
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EXHIBIT A
NONQUALIFIED STOCK OPTION GRANT AGREEMENT
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
| (a). | Participant’s Name: __________________________________________________ | |
| (b). | Date of Grant: ___________________________________ | |
| (c). | Number of Shares Subject to the Option: _______________________ | |
| (d). | Exercise Price: $ ___________ per Share | |
| (e). | Expiration Date: ____________________________________ | |
| (f). | Vesting Schedule: |
| -5- |
EXHIBIT b
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
2026 OMNIBUS EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
STOCK OPTION EXERCISE NOTICE
Vida Global Inc.
[ADDRESS]
[ADDRESS]
Attention:
1. Exercise of Option. Effective as of today, ________________, 202__ (the “Exercise Date”), the undersigned (“Purchaser”) hereby elects to purchase ________ shares (the “Shares”) of the Class A Common Stock of Vida Global Inc. (the “Company”) under and pursuant to the Stock Option Grant Agreement dated _____________, 202_ (the “Option Agreement”). Pursuant to the Option Agreement, the aggregate purchase price for the Shares is $_____________ (the “Purchase Price”). Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meaning assigned thereto under the Vida Global Inc. 2026 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”).
2. With respect to payment of the Purchase Price, select A or B as follows:
A. [ ] Full Payment. Purchaser herewith makes payment of a check the full Purchase Price to the Company, either:
[ ] by enclosing a check payable to the Company, or
[ ] by transfer of funds by wire transfer to the Company.
B. [ ] Cashless Exercise. If permitted by the Company under Purchaser’s Option Agreement and approved by the Company in connection with approval of such option, Purchaser elects to exercise via “cashless exercise”, and agrees to execute and deliver all appropriate forms as may be required by the Company. Purchaser hereby authorizes the broker, if applicable, to pay to the Company the Purchase Price plus an amount sufficient to cover all applicable taxes, as determined by the Company in its sole and absolute discretion.
3. Rights as Shareholder. Until the issuance (as evidenced by the appropriate entry on the books of the Company or of a duly authorized transfer agent of the Company) of the Shares, no right to vote or receive dividends or any other rights as a shareholder shall exist with respect to the Shares covered by the Option, notwithstanding the exercise of the Option. The Shares so acquired shall be issued to Purchaser as soon as practicable after exercise of the Option. No adjustment will be made for a dividend or other right for which the record date is prior to the date of issuance.
4. Tax Consultation. Purchaser understands that Purchaser may suffer adverse tax consequences as a result of Purchaser’s purchase or disposition of the Shares. Purchaser represents that Purchaser has consulted with any tax consultants Purchaser deems advisable in connection with the purchase or disposition of the Shares and that Purchaser is not relying on the Company for any tax advice.
5. Entire Agreement; Governing Law. The Option Agreement is incorporated herein by reference. This Agreement and the Option Agreement constitute the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede in their entirety all prior undertakings and agreements of the Company and the Purchaser with respect to the subject matter hereof, and except as provided in the Plan may not be modified in a manner material and adverse to the Purchaser’s interest except by means of a writing signed by the Company and Purchaser. This agreement is governed by the internal substantive laws, but not the choice of law rules, of the State of Delaware.
| Submitted by: | Accepted by: | |||
| PURCHASER | VIDA GLOBAL INC. | |||
| By: | ||||
| Print Name | Print Name/Title | |||
| Date: | Date: | |||
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RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
This Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (the “Agreement” or “Award Agreement”), dated as of the “Award Date” set forth in the attached Exhibit A, is entered into between Vida Global Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the individual named in Exhibit A hereto (the “Participant”).
WHEREAS, the Company desires to provide the Participant with an opportunity to acquire the Company’s Class A common shares, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), and thereby provide additional incentive for the Participant to promote and participate in the progress and success of the business of the Company; and
WHEREAS, to give effect to the foregoing intention, the Company desires to award the Participant Restricted Stock Units pursuant to the Vida Global Inc. 2026 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (as amended, restated or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Plan”);
NOW, THEREFORE, the following provisions apply to this Award:
1. Award. The Company hereby awards the Participant the number of Restricted Stock Units (each an “RSU” and collectively the “RSUs”) set forth in Exhibit A. Such RSUs shall be subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and the provisions of the Plan, the terms of which are incorporated herein by reference. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings as set forth in the Plan.
2. Vesting and settlement.
(a) Vesting. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, the RSUs shall vest in accordance with the vesting schedule set forth in Exhibit A, provided that the Participant remains in Continuous Service through each applicable vesting date.
(b) Settlement. For each RSU that becomes vested in accordance with this Agreement, the Company shall issue and deliver to the Participant one share of Common Stock. Such shares shall be issued and delivered as soon as administratively practicable following the vesting date of each such RSU, but in no event later than March 15 of the year following the year in which such vesting date occurs. Except as provided above, in the event that the Participant ceases to be in Continuous Service, any RSUs that have not vested as of the date of such cessation of service shall be forfeited. If requested by the Participant, delivery of shares may be effected by book-entry credit to the Participant’s brokerage account.
3. No Rights as Stockholder. The Participant shall not be entitled to any of the rights of a stockholder with respect to any share of Common Stock that may be acquired following vesting of an RSU unless and until such share of Common Stock is issued and delivered to the Participant. Without limitation of the foregoing, the Participant shall not have the right to vote any share of Common Stock to which an RSU relates and shall not be entitled to receive any dividend attributable to such share of Common Stock for any period prior to the issuance and delivery of such share to Participant.
4. Covenants Agreement. The RSUs shall be subject to forfeiture at the election of the Company, without payment of consideration, in the event that the Participant breaches any agreement between the Participant and the Company with respect to noncompetition, nonsolicitation, nondisparagement, assignment of inventions and contributions and/or nondisclosure obligations of the Participant.
5. Transfer Restrictions. Neither this Agreement nor the RSUs may be sold, assigned, pledged or otherwise transferred or encumbered without the prior written consent of the Committee and any purported sale, assignment, pledge, transfer or encumbrance shall be null and void ab initio.
6. Acceptance. To accept the RSUs, please execute and return this Agreement where indicated (including acceptance via an electronic platform maintained by the Company or a third-party administrator engaged by the Company) no later than six (6) months from the Award Date (the “Acceptance Deadline”). By executing this Agreement and accepting your RSUs, you will have agreed to all the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and the Plan. The grant of the RSUs will be considered null and void, and acceptance of the RSUs will be of no effect, if you do not execute and return this Agreement by the Acceptance Deadline.
7. Government Regulations. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, the Company’s obligation hereunder to issue or deliver certificates evidencing shares of Common Stock shall be subject to the terms of all Applicable Laws.
8. Withholding Taxes. The Participant shall pay in cash to the Company, or make provision satisfactory to the Company for payment of, the minimum statutory amount required to satisfy all federal, state and local income tax withholding requirements and the Participant’s share of applicable employment withholding taxes in connection with the issuance and deliverance of shares of Common Stock following vesting of RSUs, in any manner permitted by the Plan. If permissible under Applicable Law, the minimum federal, state, and local and foreign income, payroll, employment and any other applicable taxes which the Company determines must be withheld with respect to the RSUs (“Tax Withholding Obligation”) may be satisfied by shares of Common Stock being sold on the Participant’s behalf at the prevailing market price pursuant to such procedures as the Company may specify from time to time, including through a broker-assisted arrangement (it being understood that the shares of Common Stock to be sold must have vested pursuant to the terms of this Agreement and the Plan). In addition to shares of Common Stock sold to satisfy the Tax Withholding Obligation, additional shares of Common Stock may be sold to satisfy any associated broker or other fees. The proceeds from any sale will be used to satisfy the Participant’s Tax Withholding Obligation arising with respect to the RSUs and any associated broker or other fees. Only whole shares of Common Stock will be sold. Any proceeds from the sale of shares of Common Stock in excess of the Tax Withholding Obligation and any associated broker or other fees will be paid to the Participant in accordance with procedures the Company may specify from time to time.
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The Committee may also permit the Participant to satisfy the Participant’s Tax Withholding Obligation by (i) delivering to the Company shares of Common Stock that the Participant owns and that have vested with a fair market value equal to the amount required to be withheld, (ii) having the Company withhold otherwise deliverable shares of Common Stock having a value equal to the minimum amount statutorily required to be withheld, (iii) payment by Participant in cash, or (iv) such other means as the Committee deems appropriate.
No shares of Common Stock shall be issued with respect to RSUs unless and until satisfactory arrangements acceptable to the Company have been made by the Participant with respect to the payment of any income and other taxes which the Company determines must be withheld or collected with respect to the RSUs.
9. Investment Purpose. Any and all shares of Common Stock acquired by the Participant under this Agreement will be acquired for investment for the Participant’s own account and not with a view to, for resale in connection with, or with an intent of participating directly or indirectly in, any distribution of such shares of Common Stock within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). The Participant shall not sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of such shares unless they are either (1) registered under the Securities Act and all applicable state securities laws, or (2) exempt from such registration in the opinion of Company counsel.
10. Securities Law Restrictions. Regardless of whether the offering and sale of shares of Common Stock issuable to Participant pursuant to this Agreement and the Plan have been registered under the Securities Act, or have been registered or qualified under the securities laws of any state, the Company at its sole and absolute discretion may impose restrictions upon the sale, pledge or other transfer of such shares of Common Stock (including the placement of appropriate legends on stock certificates or the imposition of stop-transfer instructions) if, in the judgment of the Company, such restrictions are necessary in order to achieve compliance with Applicable Laws.
11. Lock-Up Agreement. The Participant, in the event that any shares of Common Stock which become deliverable to Participant with respect to RSUs at a time during which any directors or officers of the Company have agreed with one or more underwriters not to sell securities of the Company, shall enter into an agreement, in form and substance satisfactory to the Company, pursuant to which the Participant shall agree to restrictions on transferability of the shares of such Common Stock comparable to the restrictions agreed upon by such directors or officers of the Company.
12. Participant Obligations. The Participant should review this Agreement with his or her own tax advisors to understand the federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The Participant is relying solely on such advisors and not on any statements or representations of the Company or any of its agents, if any, made to the Participant. The Participant (and not the Company) shall be responsible for the Participant’s own tax liability arising as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
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13. No Guarantee of Continued Service. Nothing in this Agreement or the Plan confers on the Participant any right to remain in Continuous Service, nor shall it affect in any way any right of the Participant or the Company to terminate the Participant’s service relationship.
14. Notices. Notices or communications to be made hereunder shall be in writing and shall be delivered in person, by registered mail, by confirmed facsimile or by a reputable overnight courier service to the Company at its principal office or to the Participant at his or her address contained in the records of the Company. Alternatively, notices and other communications may be provided in the form and manner of such electronic means as the Company may permit.
15. Entire Agreement; Governing Law. The Plan is incorporated herein by reference. The Plan and this Award Agreement constitute the entire Agreement with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede in their entirety all prior undertakings and agreements of the Company and the Participant with respect to the subject matter hereof, and except as provided in the Plan, may not be modified in a manner material and adverse to the Participant’s interest except by means of a writing signed by the Company and the Participant. In the event of any conflict between this Award Agreement and the Plan, the Plan shall be controlling. This Award Agreement shall be construed under the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to conflict of laws principles.
16. Opportunity for Review. Participant and the Company agree that this Award is granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Plan and this Award Agreement. The Participant has reviewed the Plan and this Award Agreement in their entirety, has had an opportunity to obtain the advice of counsel prior to accepting this Award Agreement and fully understands all provisions of the Plan and this Award Agreement. The Participant hereby agrees to accept as binding, conclusive and final all decisions or interpretations of the Committee upon any questions relating to the Plan and this Award Agreement. The Participant further agrees to promptly notify the Company upon any change in Participant’s residence address.
17. Binding Effect. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Company and the Participant and their respective permitted successors, assigns, heirs, beneficiaries and representatives.
18. Section 409A Compliance. To the extent that this Agreement and the award of RSUs hereunder are or become subject to the provisions of Section 409A of the Code, the Company and the Participant agree that this Agreement may be amended or modified by the Company, in its sole and absolute discretion and without the Participant’s consent, as appropriate to maintain compliance with the provisions of Section 409A of the Code.
19. Recoupment. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, any amounts paid hereunder shall be subject to recoupment in accordance with The Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and any implementing regulations thereunder, any clawback policy adopted by the Company, as in effect from time to time, or as is otherwise required by Applicable Law.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the date set forth in Exhibit A.
| VIDA GLOBAL INC. | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | ||
| Title: | ||
| PARTICIPANT | |
| Name: |
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EXHIBIT A
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT
(a). Participant’s Name: ______________________________________
(b). Award Date: _________________________
(c). Number of Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”) Granted: __________________________
(d). Vesting Schedule:
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RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD AGREEMENT
Vida Global Inc.
This Restricted Stock Award Agreement (the “Agreement”), dated as of the “Award Date” set forth in the attached Exhibit A (the “Award Date”), is entered into between Vida Global Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the individual named in Exhibit A hereto (the “Participant”).
WHEREAS, the Company desires to provide the Participant an incentive to participate in the success and growth of the Company through the opportunity to earn a proprietary interest in the Company; and
WHEREAS, to give effect to the foregoing intention, the Company desires to grant the Participant a Restricted Stock Award, pursuant to the Vida Global Inc. 2026 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (as amended, restated or otherwise modified, from time to time, the “Plan”);
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants hereinafter set forth and for good and valuable consideration, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. Award. The Company hereby awards the Participant a Restricted Stock Award for the number of restricted shares of Common Stock (each a “Restricted Share” and collectively the “Restricted Shares”) set forth in Exhibit A hereto, subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein and the provisions of the Plan, the terms of which are incorporated herein by reference. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Agreement shall have the meanings as set forth in the Plan.
2. Restrictions on Sale or Other Transfer. Each Restricted Share awarded to the Participant pursuant to this Agreement shall be subject to acquisition by the Company and may not be sold, transferred, assigned or pledged or otherwise be the subject of any disposition during the “Restriction Period” as defined below and any purported sale, transfer, assignment or pledge shall be null and void ab initio. Each Restricted Share shall be held physically or in book entry form with the Company’s transfer agent until the restrictions set forth above with respect to such Restricted Share lapse in accordance with the provisions of Section 3 or until such Restricted Share is forfeited pursuant to Section 3. Restricted Shares shall be delivered to the Participant only when and to the extent that the restrictions set forth in Section 3 with respect to such Restricted Shares lapse.
3. Restriction Period. The Restricted Shares shall become vested, and the restrictions applicable to the Restricted Shares shall lapse (such period, the “Restriction Period”) as set forth in Exhibit A. Subject to the terms of this Agreement, the Participant shall forfeit the Restricted Shares to the extent that the Participant does not satisfy the applicable vesting requirements set forth in Exhibit A.
4. Rights as Shareholder. Except with respect to the restrictions set forth in Section 2 above, upon the issuance to the Participant of Restricted Shares hereunder, the Participant shall have all the rights of a shareholder of Common Stock with respect to such Restricted Shares, including the right to vote the shares and receive all dividends and other distributions paid or made with respect thereto; provided, however, that such dividends and other distributions shall be retained by the Company for the Participant’s account and for delivery to the Participant, together with the Restricted Shares as and when said restrictions and conditions shall have been satisfied, expired or lapsed.
5. Forfeiture. Except to the extent otherwise provided in Exhibit A, upon termination of the Participant’s Continuous Service with the Company and its Subsidiaries, any Restricted Shares as to which the Restriction Period has not then lapsed shall (together with any dividends or distributions paid or declared thereon) be forfeited by the Participant and such Restricted Shares (together with any dividends or distributions paid or declared thereon) shall thereupon be transferred to the Company at no cost to the Company. Without limitation of the foregoing, the Restricted Shares shall be subject to forfeiture at the election of the Company, without payment of consideration, in the event that the Participant breaches any agreement between the Participant and the Company with respect to noncompetition, nonsolicitation, nondisparagement, assignment of inventions and contributions and/or nondisclosure obligations of the Participant.
6. Government Regulations. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, the Company’s obligation hereunder to issue or deliver shares of Common Stock shall be subject to Applicable Law.
7. Investment Purpose. The Participant represents and warrants that unless the Restricted Shares are registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), any and all shares of Common Stock acquired by the Participant under this Agreement will be acquired for investment for the Participant’s own account and not with a view to, for resale in connection with, or with an intent of participating directly or indirectly in, any distribution of such shares of Common Stock within the meaning of the Securities Act. The Participant agrees not to sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of such shares unless they are either (1) registered under the Securities Act and all Applicable Laws, or (2) exempt from such registration in the opinion of Company counsel.
8. Securities Law Restrictions. Regardless of whether the offering and sale of shares of Restricted Shares pursuant to this Agreement and the Plan have been registered under the Securities Act, or have been registered or qualified under the securities laws of any state, the Company, in its sole and absolute discretion, may impose restrictions upon the sale, pledge or other transfer of such shares of Common Stock (including the placement of appropriate legends on stock certificates or the imposition of stop-transfer instructions) if, in the judgment of the Company, such restrictions are necessary in order to achieve compliance with Applicable Law.
9. Lock-Up Agreement. The Participant hereby agrees that in the event that the Restriction Period lapses with respect to any of the Restricted Shares at a time during which any directors or officers of the Company have agreed with one or more underwriters not to sell securities of the Company, then the Participant shall enter into an agreement, in form and substance satisfactory to the Company, pursuant to which the Participant shall agree to restrictions on transferability of such Restricted Shares, and any Restricted Shares for which the Restriction Period may lapse during such time, comparable to the restrictions agreed upon by such directors or officers of the Company.
10. Withholding Taxes. The Company shall have the right to require the Participant to remit to the Company, or to withhold from amounts payable to the Participant, as compensation or otherwise, the minimum statutory amount required to satisfy all federal, state and local income tax withholding requirements and the Participant’s share of applicable employment withholding taxes (including, without limitation, any such income or employment taxes resulting from (i) the expiration of restrictions set forth hereunder that are applicable to any Restricted Shares or (ii) an election made by the Participant under Section 83(b) of the Code).
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11. Participant Representations. The Participant has reviewed with the Participant’s own tax advisors the federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The Participant is relying solely on such advisors, and not on any statements or representations of the Company or any of its agents, if any, made to the Participant. The Participant understands that the Participant (and not the Company) shall be responsible for the Participant’s own liability arising as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
12. Section 83(b) Election. The Participant hereby acknowledges that the Participant has been informed that, with respect to the Restricted Shares, the Participant may file an election with the Internal Revenue Service, within 30 days of the execution of this Agreement, electing pursuant to Section 83(b) of the Code to be taxed currently on any difference between the purchase price of the Restricted Shares and their fair market value on the date of purchase. Absent such an election, taxable income will be measured and recognized by the Participant at the time or times at which the forfeiture restrictions on the Restricted Shares lapse. The Participant is strongly encouraged to seek the advice of his or her own tax consultant in connection with the issuance of the Restricted Shares and the advisability of filing of the election under Section 83(b) of the Code. THE PARTICIPANT ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT IS NOT THE COMPANY’S RESPONSIBILITY, BUT RATHER IS THE PARTICIPANT’S SOLE RESPONSIBILITY, TO FILE THE ELECTION UNDER SECTION 83(b) TIMELY. If the Participant files an election under Section 83(b) of the Code, the Participant shall promptly furnish the Company with a copy of the election. A form of election under Section 83(b) of the Code is attached hereto as Exhibit B for reference.
13. No Guarantee of Continued Service. The Participant acknowledges and agrees that (i) nothing in this Agreement or the Plan confers on the Participant any right to continue in an employment, service or consulting relationship with the Company, nor shall it affect in any way the Participant’s right or the Company’s right to terminate the Participant’s employment, service, or consulting relationship at any time, with or without cause, subject to any employment or service agreement that may have been entered into by the Company and the Participant; and (ii) the Company would not have granted this Award to the Participant but for these acknowledgements and agreements.
14. Notices. Notices or communications to be made hereunder shall be in writing and shall be delivered in person, by registered mail, by confirmed facsimile or by a reputable overnight courier service to the Company at its principal office or to the Participant at his or her address contained in the records of the Company. Alternatively, notices and other communications may be provided in the form and manner of such electronic means as the Company may permit.
15. Entire Agreement; Governing Law. The Plan is incorporated herein by reference. The Plan and this Agreement constitute the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede in their entirety all prior undertakings and agreements of the Company and the Participant with respect to the subject matter hereof, and except as provided in the Plan, may not be modified in a manner material and adverse to the Participant’s interest except by means of a writing signed by the Company and the Participant. In the event of any conflict between this Agreement and the Plan, the Plan shall be controlling. This Agreement shall be construed under the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to conflict of laws principles.
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16. Opportunity for Review. The Participant and the Company agree that this Award is granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Plan and this Agreement. The Participant has reviewed the Plan and this Agreement in their entirety, has had an opportunity to obtain the advice of counsel prior to accepting this Agreement and fully understands all provisions of the Plan and this Agreement. The Participant hereby agrees to accept as binding, conclusive and final all decisions or interpretations of the Committee upon any questions relating to the Plan and this Agreement. The Participant further agrees to promptly notify the Company upon any change in the Participant’s residence address.
17. Binding Effect. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Company and the Participant and their respective permitted successors, assigns, heirs, beneficiaries and representatives.
18. Section 409A Compliance. To the extent that this Agreement and the award of Restricted Shares hereunder are or become subject to the provisions of Section 409A of the Code, the Company and the Participant agree that this Agreement may be amended or modified by the Company, in its sole and absolute discretion and without the Participant’s consent, as appropriate to maintain compliance with the provisions of Section 409A of the Code.
19. Recoupment. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, any amounts paid hereunder shall be subject to recoupment in accordance with The Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and any implementing regulations thereunder, any clawback policy adopted by the Company, as in effect from time to time, or as is otherwise required by Applicable Law.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the date set forth in Exhibit A.
| VIDA GLOBAL INC. | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | ||
| Title: | ||
| PARTICIPANT | |
| Name: |
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EXHIBIT A
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD AGREEMENT
(a). Participant’s Name: ________________________________________________________________
(b). Award Date: ___________________________________________
(c). Number of Restricted Shares Granted: __________________________________________
(d). Restriction Period: ____________________________________________________________________
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EXHIBIT B
ELECTION UNDER SECTION 83(b)
OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986
The undersigned taxpayer hereby makes an election pursuant to Section 83(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Treasury Regulations thereunder (the “Regulations”), and in connection with this election supplies the following information:
1. The name, address and taxpayer identification number of the undersigned are:
[Name]
[Address]
Social Security Number: ___-__-____
2. The election is being made with respect to [________] shares of common stock (the “Stock”) of Vida Global Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”).
3. The date on which the Stock was transferred to the undersigned was [_______________]. The taxable year for which this election is being made is calendar year [____].
4. The property is subject to the following restrictions:
The above-mentioned shares may not be transferred and are subject to forfeiture under the terms of an agreement between the taxpayer and the Company. These restrictions lapse upon the satisfaction of certain conditions contained in such agreement.
Disposition of the Stock also may be subject to restrictions imposed under applicable federal and state securities laws.
5. The fair market value of the Stock at the time of transfer (determined without regard to any lapse restriction, as defined in §1.83-3(i) of the Regulations) was $[___________].
6. The undersigned did not pay any amount for the Stock. Therefore, $[______] (the full fair market value of the Stock stated above) is includible in the undersigned’s gross income as compensation for services.
7. A copy of this election has been furnished to the Company and to the transferee of the Stock, if different from the taxpayer as required by §1.83-2(d) of the Regulations.
| Dated: _________________________________ | ||
| [Taxpayer Signature] |
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INSTRUCTIONS FOR FILING SECTION 83(B) ELECTION
Attached is a form of election under section 83(b) of the Internal Revenue Code. If you wish to make such an election, you should complete, sign and date the election and then proceed as follows:
1. Execute three counterparts of your completed election (plus one extra counterpart for each person other than you, if any, who receives property that is the subject of your election), retaining at least one photocopy for your records.
2. Send one counterpart to the Internal Revenue Service Center with which you will file your Federal income tax return for the current year via certified mail, return receipt requested. THE ELECTION SHOULD BE SENT IMMEDIATELY, AS YOU ONLY HAVE 30 DAYS FROM THE ISSUANCE/PURCHASE/GRANT DATE WITHIN WHICH TO MAKE THE ELECTION – NO WAIVERS, LATE FILINGS OR EXTENSIONS ARE PERMITTED.
3. Deliver one counterpart of the completed election to the Company for its files.
4. If anyone other than you (e.g., one of your family members) will receive property that is the subject of your election, deliver one counterpart of the completed election to each such person.
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Exhibit 10.3
June 6, 2022
Brandon Robinson
[***]
Re: Offer of Employment from VIDA Global Inc.
Dear Brandon,
On behalf of VIDA Global Inc. (the “Company”), I am pleased to offer you full-time employment in the position of CTO beginning on June 20, 2022, subject to the following terms and conditions.
Cash Compensation; Hours
As a full-time employee, you will earn a base salary at the monthly rate of $180,000.00 per Year.
Benefits
You will also be eligible to participate in any employee benefit plans that the Company may offer from time to time to similarly situated employees. The Company will reimburse you for reasonable pre-approved mileage, travel and entertainment expenses you may incur in connection with your employment.
“At Will” Employment
It is important for you to understand that your employment with the Company is “at will,” meaning it is not for any specified period of time and can be terminated by you or by the Company at any time, with or without advance notice, and for any or no particular reason or cause. It also means that the Company’s personnel policies and procedures may be changed with or without notice at any time in the sole discretion of the Company. This “at-will” nature of your employment will remain unchanged during your tenure as an employee unless there is an express written agreement that is signed by you and by the Company’s Chief Executive Manager changing your at will status.
Conditions
This offer, and any employment pursuant to this offer, is conditioned upon your return of the enclosed copy of this letter, after being signed by you without modification, to Lyle Pratt, President of the Company, no later than June 20, 2022, after which time this offer will expire. By signing and accepting this offer, you represent and warrant that: (i) you are not subject to any pre-existing contractual or other legal obligation with any person, company or business enterprise which may be an impediment to your employment with, or your providing services to, the Company as its employee; and (ii) you have not and will not bring onto Company premises, or use in the course of your employment with the Company, any confidential or proprietary information of another person, company or business enterprise to whom you previously provided services.
We look forward to your accepting this offer and a mutually rewarding relationship.
If you accept this offer, please date and sign below, on the enclosed copy of this letter and return it to Lyle Pratt no later than June 20, 2022. Please retain the original of this letter for your records. If you have any questions regarding this offer letter, please feel free to contact me at [***].
Sincerely,
| VIDA Global Inc. | |
| /s/ Lyle Pratt | |
| Lyle Pratt, CEO | |
| I accept the above offer. | |
| Dated: June 6, 2022 | |
| /s/ Brandon Robinson | |
| Brandon Robinson |
Exhibit 10.4
August 1, 2022
Noah Hayes
[***]
Re: Offer of Employment from VIDA Global Inc.
Dear Noah,
On behalf of VIDA Global Inc. (the “Company”), I am pleased to offer you full-time employment in the position of CPO beginning on August 1, 2022, subject to the following terms and conditions.
Cash Compensation; Hours
As a full-time employee, you will earn a base salary at the monthly rate of $180,000.00 per Year.
Benefits
You will also be eligible to participate in any employee benefit plans that the Company may offer from time to time to similarly situated employees. The Company will reimburse you for reasonable pre-approved mileage, travel and entertainment expenses you may incur in connection with your employment.
“At Will” Employment
It is important for you to understand that your employment with the Company is “at will,” meaning it is not for any specified period of time and can be terminated by you or by the Company at any time, with or without advance notice, and for any or no particular reason or cause. It also means that the Company’s personnel policies and procedures may be changed with or without notice at any time in the sole discretion of the Company. This “at-will” nature of your employment will remain unchanged during your tenure as an employee unless there is an express written agreement that is signed by you and by the Company’s Chief Executive Manager changing your at will status.
Conditions
This
offer, and any employment pursuant to this offer, is conditioned upon your return of the enclosed copy of this letter, after being signed
by you without modification, to Lyle Pratt, President of the Company, no later than August 12, 2022, after which time this offer will
expire. By signing and accepting this offer, you represent and warrant that: (i) you are not subject to any pre-existing contractual
or other legal obligation with any person, company or business enterprise which may be an impediment to your employment with, or your
providing services to, the Company as its employee; and (ii) you have not and will not bring onto Company premises, or use in the course
of your employment with the Company, any confidential or proprietary information of another person, company or business enterprise to
whom you previously provided services.
We look forward to your accepting this offer and a mutually rewarding relationship.
If you accept this offer, please date and sign below, on the enclosed copy of this letter and return it to Lyle Pratt no later than August 12, 2022. Please retain the original of this letter for your records. If you have any questions regarding this offer letter, please feel free to contact me at [***].
Sincerely,
| VIDA Global Inc. | |
| /s/ Lyle Pratt | |
| Lyle Pratt, CEO | |
| I accept the above offer. | |
| Dated: August 1, 2022 | |
| /s/ Noah Hayes | |
| Noah Hayes |
Exhibit 10.5
Execution Version
Effective as of January 1, 2026
Lyle Pratt
Via Email
| Re: | Offer of Continued Employment from VIDA Global Inc. |
Dear Lyle,
On behalf of VIDA Global Inc. (the “Company”), I am pleased to offer you continued full-time employment in the position of Chief Executive Officer beginning on the date first set forth above, subject to the following terms and conditions as set forth in this offer letter (the “Offer Letter”).
Cash Compensation; Hours
As a full-time employee, you will earn a base salary at the annual rate of $300,000.00 per year.
Benefits
You will also continue to be eligible to participate in any employee benefit plans that the Company may offer from time to time to similarly situated employees. The Company will reimburse you for reasonable pre-approved mileage, travel and entertainment expenses you may incur in connection with your employment.
“At-Will Employment”
It is important for you to understand that your employment with the Company is “at-will,” meaning it is not for any specified period of time and can be terminated by you or by the Company at any time, with or without advance notice, and for any or no particular reason or cause. It also means that the Company’s personnel policies and procedures may be changed with or without notice at any time in the sole discretion of the Company. This “at-will” nature of your employment will remain unchanged during your tenure as an employee unless there is an express written agreement that is signed by you and by a person duly authorized by the Board of Directors the Company changing your at-will status.
Conditions
This Offer Letter, and any employment pursuant to this Offer Letter, is conditioned upon your return of the enclosed copy of this Offer Letter, after being signed by you without modification, to the undersigned at [***]. By signing and accepting this Offer Letter, you represent and warrant that: (i) you are not subject to any pre-existing contractual or other legal obligation with any person, company or business enterprise which may be an impediment to your employment with, or your providing services to, the Company as its employee; and (ii) you have not and will not bring onto Company premises, or use in the course of your employment with the Company, any confidential or proprietary information of another person, company or business enterprise to whom you previously provided services.
This Offer Letter constitutes the entire agreement regarding the terms and conditions of your employment with the Company, and shall supersede all prior agreements, written or oral, regarding the subject matter hereof; provided, however, that certain Proprietary Information, Invention Assignment and Non-Solicitation Agreement, by and between you and the Company, dated March 11, 2022, shall continue in effect in accordance with the terms thereof. For avoidance of doubt, any equity awards that you may hold in the Company shall continue in full force and effect in accordance with the terms thereof.
We look forward to your accepting this Offer Letter and a mutually rewarding relationship.
If you accept this Offer Letter, please date and sign below, on the enclosed copy of this Offer Letter and return it to the undersigned at [***]. Please retain the original of this Offer Letter for your records. If you have any questions regarding this Offer Letter, please feel free to contact me at [***].
| Sincerely, | ||
| VIDA Global Inc. | ||
| By: | /s/ Brandon Robinson | |
| Name: | Brandon Robinson | |
| Title: | Chief Operating Officer | |
| I accept the above offer. | Dated: | December 18, 2025 | |
| /s/ Lyle Pratt | |||
| Lyle Pratt |
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Exhibit 10.6
Adopted by the Board of Directors on April 2, 2026
INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT
This Indemnification Agreement (“Agreement”) is made as of [●], by and between VIDA Global Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and [●] (“Indemnitee”).
RECITALS
WHEREAS, highly competent persons have become more reluctant to serve corporations as directors or officers or in other capacities unless they are provided with adequate protection through insurance or adequate indemnification against inordinate risks of claims and actions against them arising out of their service to and activities on behalf of the corporation and due to the fact that such exposure frequently bears no relationship to compensation paid to such officers and directors;
WHEREAS, the Company and Indemnitee recognize that plaintiffs often seek damages in such large amounts and the costs of litigation may be so enormous (whether or not the case is meritorious), that the defense and/or settlement of such litigation is often beyond the personal resources of directors and officers;
WHEREAS, the Company’s Amended and Restated Bylaws (the “Bylaws”) provide for the indemnification of the directors and officers of the Company to the fullest extent permitted by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”). The Bylaws expressly provide that the indemnification provisions set forth therein are not exclusive and contemplate that agreements may be entered into between the Company and its directors and officers with respect to indemnification;
WHEREAS, Section 145 of the DGCL empowers the Company to indemnify its officers, directors, employees and agents by agreement and to indemnify persons who serve, at the Company’s request, as the directors, officers, employees or agents of other corporations or enterprises;
WHEREAS, Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL allows the Company to include in its Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Certificate of Incorporation”) a provision limiting or eliminating the personal liability of a director or officer for monetary damages in respect of claims by stockholders and corporations for breach of certain fiduciary duties, and the Company has so provided in its Certificate of Incorporation that each director and officer shall be exculpated from such liability to the maximum extent permitted by law;
WHEREAS, the Company, after reasonable investigation, has determined that the liability insurance coverage presently available to the Company may be inadequate in certain circumstances to cover all possible exposure for which Indemnitee should be protected;
WHEREAS, the uncertainties relating to such insurance and to indemnification have increased the difficulty of attracting and retaining highly competent persons to serve as directors and officers;
WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) has determined that the increased difficulty in attracting and retaining such persons is detrimental to the best interests of the Company and its stockholders and that the Company should act to assure such persons that there will be increased certainty of such protection in the future;
WHEREAS, it is reasonable, prudent and necessary for the Company contractually to obligate itself to indemnify, and to advance expenses on behalf of, such persons to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law so that they will serve or continue to serve the Company free from undue concern that they will not be so indemnified;
WHEREAS, this Agreement is a supplement to and in furtherance of the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws and any resolutions adopted pursuant thereto as well as any rights of Indemnitee under any directors’ and officer’s liability insurance, and shall not be deemed a substitute therefor, nor to diminish or abrogate any rights of Indemnitee thereunder; and
WHEREAS, Indemnitee does not regard the protection available under the Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws and insurance as adequate in the present circumstances, and may not be willing to serve or continue to serve as an officer or director without adequate protection, and the Company desires Indemnitee to serve or continue to serve in such capacity. Indemnitee is willing to serve, continue to serve and to take on additional service for or on behalf of the Company on the condition that Indemnitee be so indemnified.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the covenants contained herein, the Company and Indemnitee do hereby covenant and agree as follows:
Section 1. Services to the Company. Indemnitee agrees to serve as a director or officer of the Company or, at the request of the Company, as a director, officer, trustee, partner, managing member, employee, agent or fiduciary of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise. Indemnitee may at any time and for any reason resign from such position (subject to any other contractual obligation or any obligation imposed by operation of law), in which event the Company shall have no obligation under this Agreement to continue Indemnitee in such position. This Agreement shall not be deemed an employment contract between the Company (or any of its subsidiaries or any other corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which Indemnitee is or was serving at the Company’s request as a director, officer, trustee, partner, managing member, employee, agent or fiduciary) and Indemnitee. Indemnitee specifically acknowledges that Indemnitee’s employment with the Company (or any of its subsidiaries or any other corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which Indemnitee was serving at the Company’s request as a director, officer, trustee, partner, managing member, employee, agent or fiduciary), if any, is at will, and the Indemnitee may be discharged at any time for any reason, with or without cause, except as may be otherwise provided in any written employment contract between Indemnitee and the Company (or any of its subsidiaries or any other corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which Indemnitee was serving at the Company’s request as a director, officer, trustee, partner, managing member, employee, agent or fiduciary). The foregoing notwithstanding, this Agreement shall continue in force after Indemnitee has ceased to serve as an officer or director of the Company as provided in Section 25 hereof.
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Section 2. Definitions. As used in this Agreement:
(a) A “Change in Control” shall be deemed to occur upon the earliest to occur after the date of this Agreement of any of the following events:
i. Acquisition of Stock by Third Party. Any Person (as defined below) is or becomes the Beneficial Owner (as defined below), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing thirty-five percent (35%) or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding securities unless the change in relative Beneficial Ownership of the Company’s securities by the Person results solely from a reduction in the aggregate number of outstanding shares of securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors;
ii. Change in Board. During any period of two (2) consecutive years (not including any period prior to the execution of this Agreement), individuals who at the beginning of such period constitute the Board, and any new director (other than a director designated by a person who has entered into an agreement with the Company to effect a transaction described in Section 2(a)i, Section 2(a)iii or Section 2(a)iv) whose election by the Board or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders was approved by a vote of at least two-thirds of the directors then still in office who either were directors at the beginning of the period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved, cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the members of the Board;
iii. Corporate Transactions. The effective date of a merger or consolidation of the Company with any other entity, other than a merger or consolidation which would result in the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the surviving entity) more than 51% of the combined voting power of the voting securities of the surviving entity outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation and with the power to elect at least a majority of the board of directors or other governing body of such surviving entity;
iv. Liquidation. The approval by the stockholders of the Company of a complete liquidation of the Company or an agreement for the sale or disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets; and
v. Other Events. There occurs any other event of a nature that would be required to be reported in response to Item 6(e) of Schedule 14A of Regulation 14A (or a response to any similar item on any similar schedule or form) promulgated under the Exchange Act (as defined below), whether or not the Company is then subject to such reporting requirement.
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For purposes of this Section 2(a), the following terms shall have the following meanings:
(A) “Exchange Act” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time.
(B) “Person” shall have the meaning as set forth in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act; provided, however, that Person shall exclude (i) the Company, (ii) any trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit plan of the Company, and (iii) any entity owned, directly or indirectly, by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of stock of the Company.
(C) “Beneficial Owner” shall have the meaning given to such term in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act; provided, however, that Beneficial Owner shall exclude any Person otherwise becoming a Beneficial Owner by reason of the stockholders of the Company approving a merger of the Company with another entity.
(b) “Corporate Status” describes the status of a person who is or was a director, trustee, partner, managing member, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of the Company or of any other corporation, limited liability company, partnership or joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise which such person is or was serving at the request of the Company.
(c) “Disinterested Director” means a director of the Company who is not and was not a party to the Proceeding (as defined below) in respect of which indemnification is sought by Indemnitee.
(d) “Expenses” shall include all reasonable attorneys’ fees, retainers, court costs, transcript costs, fees and other costs of experts and other professionals, witness fees, travel expenses, duplicating costs, printing and binding costs, telephone charges, postage, delivery service fees, ERISA excise taxes and penalties, and all other disbursements, obligations or expenses of the types customarily incurred in connection with, or as a result of, prosecuting, defending, preparing to prosecute or defend, investigating, being or preparing to be a deponent or witness in, or otherwise participating in, a Proceeding. Expenses also shall include (i) Expenses incurred in connection with any appeal resulting from any Proceeding, including without limitation the premium, security for, and other costs relating to any cost bond, supersedeas bond, or other appeal bond or its equivalent, (ii) Expenses incurred in connection with recovery under any directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policies maintained by the Company, regardless of whether Indemnitee is ultimately determined to be entitled to such indemnification, advancement or Expenses or insurance recovery, as the case may be, and (iii) for purposes of Section 13(d) only, Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with the interpretation, enforcement or defense of Indemnitee’s rights under this Agreement, the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws or under any directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policies maintained by the Company, by litigation or otherwise. Expenses, however, shall not include amounts paid in settlement by Indemnitee or the amount of judgments or fines against Indemnitee.
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(e) “Independent Counsel” means a law firm, or a member of a law firm, that is experienced in matters of corporation law and neither presently is, nor in the past five years has been, retained to represent: (i) the Company or Indemnitee in any matter material to either such party (other than with respect to matters concerning the Indemnitee under this Agreement, or of other indemnitees under similar indemnification agreements), or (ii) any other party to the Proceeding giving rise to a claim for indemnification hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term “Independent Counsel” shall not include any person who, under the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing, would have a conflict of interest in representing either the Company or Indemnitee in an action to determine Indemnitee’s rights under this Agreement. The Company agrees to pay the reasonable fees and expenses of the Independent Counsel referred to above and to fully indemnify such counsel against any and all Expenses, claims, liabilities and damages arising out of or relating to this Agreement or its engagement pursuant hereto.
(f) “Proceeding” shall include any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, claim, counterclaim cross claim, arbitration, mediation, alternate dispute resolution mechanism, investigation, inquiry, administrative hearing or any other actual, threatened or completed proceeding, whether brought in the right of the Company or otherwise and whether of a civil, criminal, administrative, legislative, regulatory or investigative (formal or informal) nature, including any appeal therefrom, in which Indemnitee was, is or will be involved as a party, potential party, non-party witness or otherwise by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, by reason of any action taken by Indemnitee (or failure to take action by Indemnitee) or of any action pursuant to Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, in each case whether or not serving in such capacity at the time any liability or Expense is incurred for which indemnification, reimbursement, or advancement of Expenses can be provided under this Agreement; except one initiated by an Indemnitee to enforce Indemnitee’s rights under this Agreement.
(g) References to “fines” shall include any excise tax assessed with respect to any employee benefit plan; references to “serving at the request of the Company” shall include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director, officer, employee or agent with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants or beneficiaries; and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in the best interests of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in a manner “not opposed to the best interests of the Company” as referred to in this Agreement.
Section 3. Indemnity in Third-Party Proceedings. The Company shall indemnify Indemnitee in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3 if, by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or a participant in any Proceeding, other than a Proceeding by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor. Pursuant to this Section 3, Indemnitee shall be indemnified to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law against all Expenses, judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee’s behalf in connection with such Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein, if Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company and, in the case of a criminal proceeding had no reasonable cause to believe that Indemnitee’s conduct was unlawful. The parties hereto intend that this Agreement shall provide to the fullest extent permitted by law for indemnification in excess of that expressly permitted by statute, including, without limitation, any indemnification provided by the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws, vote of the Company’s stockholders or disinterested directors or applicable law.
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Section 4. Indemnity in Proceedings by or in the Right of the Company. The Company shall indemnify Indemnitee in accordance with the provisions of this Section 4 if, by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or a participant in any Proceeding by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor. Pursuant to this Section 4, Indemnitee shall be indemnified to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee’s behalf in connection with such Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein, if Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company. No indemnification for Expenses shall be made under this Section 4 in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which Indemnitee shall have been finally adjudged by a court to be liable to the Company, unless and only to the extent that the Delaware Court of Chancery or any court in which the Proceeding was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, Indemnitee is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification.
Section 5. Indemnification for Expenses of a Party Who is Wholly or Partly Successful. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law and to the extent that Indemnitee is, by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, a party to (or a participant in) and is successful, on the merits or otherwise, in any Proceeding or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, in whole or in part, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee’s behalf in connection therewith. If Indemnitee is not wholly successful in such Proceeding but is successful, on the merits or otherwise, as to one or more but less than all claims, issues or matters in such Proceeding, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee’s behalf in connection with or related to each successfully resolved claim, issue or matter to the fullest extent permitted by law. For purposes of this Section and without limiting the foregoing, the termination of any claim, issue or matter in such a Proceeding by dismissal with or without prejudice, shall be deemed to be a successful result as to such claim, issue or matter.
Section 6. Indemnification For Expenses of a Witness; Partial Indemnification.
(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law and to the extent that Indemnitee is, by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, a witness, is or was made (or asked) to respond to discovery requests in any Proceeding, or is otherwise asked to participate in any Proceeding to which Indemnitee is not a party, Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee’s behalf in connection therewith.
(b) If Indemnitee is entitled under any provision of this Agreement to indemnification by the Company for some or a portion of Expenses, but not, however, for the total amount thereof, the Company shall nevertheless indemnify Indemnitee for the portion thereof to which Indemnitee is entitled.
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Section 7. Additional Indemnification.
(a) Notwithstanding any limitation in Section 3, Section 4, or Section 5, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law if Indemnitee, by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, is a party to or threatened to be made a party to or a participant in any Proceeding (including a Proceeding by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor).
(b) For purposes of Section 7(a), the meaning of the phrase “to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law” shall include, but not be limited to:
i. to the fullest extent permitted by the provision of the DGCL that authorizes or contemplates additional indemnification by agreement, or the corresponding provision of any amendment to or replacement of the DGCL, and
ii. to the fullest extent authorized or permitted by any amendments to or replacements of the DGCL adopted after the date of this Agreement that increase the extent to which a corporation may indemnify its officers and directors.
Section 8. Exclusions. Notwithstanding any provision in this Agreement, the Company shall not be obligated under this Agreement to make any indemnity in connection with any claim involving Indemnitee:
(a) for any Proceedings with respect to which final judgment is rendered against Indemnitee for payment of (i) an accounting of profits made from the purchase and sale (or sale and purchase) by Indemnitee of securities of the Company within the meaning of Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act (as defined in Section 2(a) hereof) or similar provisions of state statutory law or common law, (ii) any reimbursement of the Company by the Indemnitee of any bonus or other incentive-based or equity-based compensation or of any profits realized by the Indemnitee from the sale of securities of the Company, as required in each case under the Exchange Act (including any such reimbursements that arise from an accounting restatement of the Company pursuant to Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), or the payment to the Company of profits arising from the purchase and sale by Indemnitee of securities in violation of Section 306 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act) or (iii) any reimbursement of the Company by Indemnitee of any compensation pursuant to any compensation recoupment or clawback policy adopted by the Board or the compensation committee of the Board, including but not limited to the VIDA Global Inc. Compensation Recovery Policy adopted to comply with stock exchange listing requirements implementing Section 10D of the Exchange Act, or
(b) any Proceeding involving the enforcement of non-compete and/or non-disclosure agreements or the non-compete and/or non-disclosure provisions of employment, consulting or similar agreements the Indemnitee may be a party to with the Company or any subsidiary of the Company or any other applicable foreign or domestic corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, if any; or
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(c) except as provided in Section 13(d) of this Agreement, in connection with any Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding) initiated by Indemnitee, including any Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding) initiated by Indemnitee against the Company or its directors, officers, employees or other indemnitees, unless (i) the Board authorized the Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding) prior to its initiation or (ii) the Company provides the indemnification, in its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested in the Company under applicable law, or
(d) for which payment has actually been made to or on behalf of Indemnitee under any insurance policy or other indemnity provision, except with respect to any excess beyond the amount paid under any insurance policy or other indemnity provision.
Section 9. Advances of Expenses. Notwithstanding any provisions this Agreement to the contrary (other than Section 13(d)), the Company shall advance, to the extent not prohibited by law, the Expenses incurred by Indemnitee by or on behalf of Indemnitee by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status in connection with any Proceeding (or part of any Proceeding) not initiated by Indemnitee or any Proceeding initiated by Indemnitee with the prior approval of the Board as provided for in Section 8(c), and such advancement shall be made within thirty (30) days after receipt by the Company of a statement or statements from Indemnitee requesting such advance or advances from time to time, whether prior to or after final disposition of any Proceeding. Execution and delivery to the Company of this Agreement by Indemnitee constitutes an undertaking by the Indemnitee to repay any amounts paid, advanced or reimbursed by the Company pursuant to this Section 9 in respect of Expenses relating to, arising out of or resulting from any Proceeding in respect of which it shall be determined, pursuant to Section 11, following the final disposition of such Proceeding, that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification hereunder. No other form of undertaking shall be required other than the execution of this Agreement. Advances shall be unsecured and interest free. In accordance with Section 13(d), advances shall include any and all reasonable Expenses incurred pursuing an action to enforce this right of advancement, including Expenses incurred preparing and forwarding statements to the Company to support the advances claimed. This Section 9 shall not apply to any claim made by Indemnitee for which indemnity is excluded pursuant to Section 8 or to any Proceeding for which the Company has assumed the defense thereof in accordance with Section 10(b) of this Agreement.
Section 10. Procedure for Notification and Defense of Claim.
(a) Indemnitee shall notify the Company in writing of any matter with respect to which Indemnitee intends to seek indemnification or advancement of Expenses hereunder as soon as reasonably practicable following the receipt by Indemnitee of written notice thereof. The written notification to the Company shall include a description of the nature of the Proceeding and the facts underlying the Proceeding. To obtain indemnification under this Agreement, Indemnitee shall submit to the Company a written request, including therein or therewith such documentation and information as is reasonably available to Indemnitee and is reasonably necessary to determine whether and to what extent Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification following the final disposition of such Proceeding. The omission by Indemnitee to notify the Company hereunder will not relieve the Company from any liability which it may have to Indemnitee hereunder or otherwise than under this Agreement unless, and to the extent that, such failure actually and materially prejudices the interests of the Company, and any delay in so notifying the Company shall not constitute a waiver by Indemnitee of any rights under this Agreement. The Secretary of the Company shall, promptly upon receipt of such a request for indemnification, advise the Board in writing that Indemnitee has requested indemnification.
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(b) In the event that Indemnitee notifies the Company that Indemnitee intends to seek indemnification or advancement of Expenses hereunder pursuant to Section 10(a), the Company may, at its option, assume the defense of such Proceeding, with counsel reasonably acceptable to Indemnitee, upon delivery of written notice of its election to do so. After delivery of such notice, approval of such counsel by Indemnitee (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld) and retention of such counsel by the Company, the Company will not be liable to Indemnitee under this Agreement for any fees of counsel subsequently incurred by Indemnitee with respect to the same Proceeding, provided that (1) Indemnitee shall have the right to employ Indemnitee’s own counsel in such Proceeding at Indemnitee’s expense and (2) if (i) the employment of counsel by Indemnitee has been previously authorized in writing by the Company, (ii) counsel to the Company or counsel to Indemnitee shall have reasonably concluded that there may be a conflict of interest or position, or reasonably believes that a conflict is likely to arise, on any significant issue between the Company and the Indemnitee in the conduct of such defense or (iii) the Company shall not, in fact, have employed counsel to assume the defense of such Proceeding, then the fees and expenses of Indemnitee’s counsel shall be at the expense of the Company, except as otherwise expressly provided by this Agreement.
(c) The Company will be entitled to participate in the Proceeding at its own expense.
(d) The Company shall not settle any Proceeding (in whole or in part) if such settlement would impose any Expense, judgment, liability, fine, penalty or limitation on Indemnitee in respect of which Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified hereunder without Indemnitee’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld.
Section 11. Procedure Upon Application for Indemnification.
(a) Upon written request by Indemnitee for indemnification pursuant to Section 10(a), a determination, if required by applicable law, with respect to Indemnitee’s entitlement thereto shall be made in the specific case: (i) if a Change in Control shall have occurred after the date of this Agreement, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board, a copy of which shall be delivered to Indemnitee; or (ii) if a Change in Control shall not have occurred after the date of this Agreement, (A) by a majority vote of the Disinterested Directors, even though less than a quorum of the Board, (B) by a committee of Disinterested Directors designated by a majority vote of the Disinterested Directors, even though less than a quorum of the Board, (C) if there are no such Disinterested Directors or, if such Disinterested Directors so direct, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board, a copy of which shall be delivered to Indemnitee or (D) if so directed by the Board, by the stockholders of the Company; and, if it is so determined that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, payment to Indemnitee shall be made within ten (10) days after such determination. Indemnitee shall cooperate with the person, persons or entity making such determination with respect to Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification, including providing to such person, persons or entity upon reasonable advance request any documentation or information which is not privileged or otherwise protected from disclosure and which is reasonably available to Indemnitee and reasonably necessary to such determination. Any costs or Expenses (including attorneys’ fees and disbursements) incurred by or on behalf of Indemnitee in so cooperating with the person, persons or entity making such determination shall be borne by the Company (irrespective of the determination as to Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification) and the Company hereby indemnifies and agrees to hold Indemnitee harmless therefrom.
(b) In the event the determination of entitlement to indemnification is to be made by Independent Counsel pursuant to Section 11(a) hereof, the Independent Counsel shall be selected as provided in this Section 11(b). If a Change in Control shall not have occurred after the date of this Agreement, the Independent Counsel shall be selected by the Board, and the Company shall give written notice to Indemnitee advising Indemnitee of the identity of the Independent Counsel so selected. If a Change in Control shall have occurred after the date of this Agreement, the Independent Counsel shall be selected by Indemnitee (unless Indemnitee shall request that such selection be made by the Board, in which event the preceding sentence shall apply), and Indemnitee shall give written notice to the Company advising it of the identity of the Independent Counsel so selected. In either event, Indemnitee or the Company, as the case may be, may, within ten (10) days after such written notice of selection shall have been given, deliver to the Company or to Indemnitee, as the case may be, a written objection to such selection; provided, however, that such objection may be asserted only on the ground that the Independent Counsel so selected does not meet the requirements of “Independent Counsel” as defined in Section 2 of this Agreement, and the objection shall set forth with particularity the factual basis of such assertion. Absent a proper and timely objection, the person so selected shall act as Independent Counsel. If such written objection is so made and substantiated, the Independent Counsel so selected may not serve as Independent Counsel unless and until such objection is withdrawn or a court has determined that such objection is without merit. If, within twenty (20) days after the later of submission by Indemnitee a written request for indemnification pursuant to Section 10(a) hereof and the final disposition of the Proceeding, no Independent Counsel shall have been selected and not objected to, either the Company or Indemnitee may petition a court of competent jurisdiction for resolution of any objection which shall have been made by the Company or Indemnitee to the other’s selection of Independent Counsel and/or for the appointment as Independent Counsel of a person selected by the Court or by such other person as the Court shall designate, and the person with respect to whom all objections are so resolved or the person so appointed shall act as Independent Counsel under Section 11(a) hereof. Upon the due commencement of any judicial proceeding or arbitration pursuant to Section 13(a) of this Agreement, Independent Counsel shall be discharged and relieved of any further responsibility in such capacity (subject to the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing).
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Section 12. Presumptions and Effect of Certain Proceedings.
(a) In making a determination with respect to entitlement to indemnification hereunder, the person or persons or entity making such determination shall, to the fullest extent not prohibited by law, presume that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification under this Agreement if Indemnitee has submitted a request for indemnification in accordance with Section 10(a) of this Agreement, and the Company shall, to the fullest extent not prohibited by law, have the burden of proof to overcome that presumption in connection with the making by any person, persons or entity of any determination contrary to that presumption. Neither the failure of the Company (including by its directors or Independent Counsel) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of any action pursuant to this Agreement that indemnification is proper in the circumstances because Indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct, nor an actual determination by the Company (including by its directors or Independent Counsel) that Indemnitee has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that Indemnitee has not met the applicable standard of conduct.
(b) Subject to Section 13(e), if the person, persons or entity empowered or selected under Section 11 of this Agreement to determine whether Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification shall not have made a determination within sixty (60) days after receipt by the Company of the request therefor, the requisite determination of entitlement to indemnification shall, to the fullest extent not prohibited by law, be deemed to have been made and Indemnitee shall be entitled to such indemnification, absent (i) a misstatement by Indemnitee of a material fact, or an omission of a material fact necessary to make Indemnitee’s statement not materially misleading, in connection with the request for indemnification, or (ii) a prohibition of such indemnification under applicable law; provided, however, that such 60-day period may be extended for a reasonable time, not to exceed an additional thirty (30) days, if the person, persons or entity making the determination with respect to entitlement to indemnification in good faith requires such additional time for the obtaining or evaluating of documentation and/or information relating thereto; and provided, further, that the foregoing provisions of this Section 12(b) shall not apply (i) if the determination of entitlement to indemnification is to be made by the stockholders pursuant to Section 11(a) of this Agreement and if (A) within fifteen (15) days after receipt by the Company of the request for such determination the Board has resolved to submit such determination to the stockholders for their consideration at an annual meeting thereof to be held within seventy-five (75) days after such receipt and such determination is made thereat, or (B) a special meeting of stockholders is called within fifteen (15) days after such receipt for the purpose of making such determination, such meeting is held for such purpose within sixty (60) days after having been so called and such determination is made thereat, or (ii) if the determination of entitlement to indemnification is to be made by Independent Counsel pursuant to Section 11(a) of this Agreement.
(c) The termination of any Proceeding or of any claim, issue or matter therein, by judgment, order, settlement or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not (except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement) of itself adversely affect the right of Indemnitee to indemnification or create a presumption that Indemnitee did not act in good faith and in a manner which Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company or, with respect to any criminal Proceeding, that Indemnitee had reasonable cause to believe that Indemnitee’s conduct was unlawful.
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(d) Reliance as Safe Harbor. For purposes of any determination of good faith, Indemnitee shall be deemed to have acted in good faith if Indemnitee’s action is based on the records or books of account of the Company or other corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which Indemnitee is or was serving as a director, officer, trustee, partner, managing member, employee, agent or fiduciary, including financial statements, or on information supplied to Indemnitee by the officers of the Company or other corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which Indemnitee is or was serving as a director, officer, trustee, partner, managing member, employee, agent or fiduciary in the course of their duties, or on the advice of legal counsel for the enterprise or on information or records given or reports made to the Company or other corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which Indemnitee is or was serving as a director, officer, trustee, partner, managing member, employee, agent or fiduciary by an independent certified public accountant or by an appraiser or other expert selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the Company or other corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which Indemnitee is or was serving as a director, officer, trustee, partner, managing member, employee, agent or fiduciary. The provisions of this Section 12(d) shall not be deemed to be exclusive or to limit in any way the other circumstances in which the Indemnitee may be deemed to have met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Agreement.
(e) Actions of Others. The knowledge and/or actions, or failure to act, of any other director, officer, trustee, partner, managing member, fiduciary, agent or employee of the Company or other corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which Indemnitee was serving as a director, officer, trustee, partner, managing member, employee, agent or fiduciary shall not be imputed to Indemnitee for purposes of determining the right to indemnification under this Agreement.
Section 13. Remedies of Indemnitee.
(a) Subject to Section 13(e), in the event that (i) a determination is made pursuant to Section 11 of this Agreement that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification under this Agreement, (ii) advancement of Expenses is not timely made pursuant to Section 9 of this Agreement, (iii) no determination of entitlement to indemnification shall have been made pursuant to Section 11(a) of this Agreement within ninety (90) days after receipt by the Company of the request for indemnification, (iv) payment of indemnification is not made pursuant to Section 5 or Section 6 or the last sentence of Section 11(a) of this Agreement within ten (10) days after receipt by the Company of a written request therefor, (v) payment of indemnification pursuant to Section 3, Section 4 or Section 7 of this Agreement is not made within ten (10) days after a determination has been made that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, or (vi) in the event that the Company or any other person takes or threatens to take any action to declare this Agreement void or unenforceable, or institutes any litigation or other action or Proceeding designed to deny, or to recover from, the Indemnitee the benefits provided or intended to be provided to the Indemnitee hereunder, Indemnitee shall be entitled to an adjudication by a court of Indemnitee’s entitlement to such indemnification or advancement of Expenses. Alternatively, Indemnitee, at Indemnitee’s option, may seek an award in arbitration to be conducted by a single arbitrator pursuant to the Commercial Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association. Indemnitee shall commence such proceeding seeking an adjudication or an award in arbitration within 180 days following the date on which Indemnitee first has the right to commence such proceeding pursuant to this Section 13(a); provided, however, that the foregoing clause shall not apply in respect of a proceeding brought by Indemnitee to enforce Indemnitee’s rights under Section 5 of this Agreement. The Company shall not oppose Indemnitee’s right to seek any such adjudication or award in arbitration.
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(b) In the event that a determination shall have been made pursuant to Section 11(a) of this Agreement that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification, any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 13 shall be conducted in all respects as a de novo trial, or arbitration, on the merits and Indemnitee shall not be prejudiced by reason of that adverse determination. In any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 13 the Company shall have the burden of proving Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification or advancement of Expenses, as the case may be.
(c) If a determination shall have been made pursuant to Section 11(a) of this Agreement that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, the Company shall be bound by such determination in any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 13, absent (i) a misstatement by Indemnitee of a material fact, or an omission of a material fact necessary to make Indemnitee’s statement not materially misleading, in connection with the request for indemnification, or (ii) a prohibition of such indemnification under applicable law.
(d) The Company shall, to the fullest extent not prohibited by law, be precluded from asserting in any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 13 that the procedures and presumptions of this Agreement are not valid, binding and enforceable and shall stipulate in any such court or before any such arbitrator that the Company is bound by all the provisions of this Agreement. It is the intent of the Company that, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Indemnitee not be required to incur legal fees or other Expenses associated with the interpretation, enforcement or defense of Indemnitee’s rights under this Agreement by litigation or otherwise because the cost and expense thereof would substantially detract from the benefits intended to be extended to the Indemnitee hereunder. The Company shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, indemnify Indemnitee against any and all Expenses and, if requested by Indemnitee, shall (within ten (10) days after receipt by the Company of a written request therefor) advance, to the extent not prohibited by law, such Expenses to Indemnitee, which are incurred by or on behalf of Indemnitee in connection with any action brought by Indemnitee for indemnification or advancement of Expenses from the Company under this Agreement or under any directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policies maintained by the Company, if, in the case of indemnification, Indemnitee is wholly successful on the underlying claims; if Indemnitee is not wholly successful on the underlying claims, then such indemnification shall be only to the extent Indemnitee is successful on such underlying claims or otherwise as permitted by law, whichever is greater.
(e) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, no determination as to entitlement of Indemnitee to indemnification under this Agreement shall be required to be made prior to the final disposition of the Proceeding.
Section 14. Non-exclusivity; Survival of Rights; Insurance.
(a) The rights of indemnification and to receive advancement of Expenses as provided by this Agreement shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which Indemnitee may at any time be entitled under applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws, any agreement, a vote of stockholders or a resolution of directors, or otherwise and shall be interpreted independently of, and without reference to, any other such rights to which Indemnitee may at any time be entitled. No amendment, alteration or repeal of this Agreement or of any provision hereof shall limit or restrict any right of Indemnitee under this Agreement in respect of any action taken or omitted by such Indemnitee in Indemnitee’s Corporate Status prior to such amendment, alteration or repeal. To the extent that a change in Delaware law, whether by statute or judicial decision, permits greater indemnification or advancement of Expenses than would be afforded currently under the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws and this Agreement, it is the intent of the parties hereto that Indemnitee shall enjoy by this Agreement the greater benefits so afforded by such change. No right or remedy herein conferred is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every other right and remedy shall be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other right or remedy.
(b) To the extent that the Company maintains an insurance policy or policies providing liability insurance for directors, officers, employees, or agents of the Company or of any other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise which such person serves at the request of the Company, Indemnitee shall be covered by such policy or policies in accordance with its or their terms to the maximum extent of the coverage available for any such director, officer, employee or agent under such policy or policies. If, at the time of the receipt of a notice of a claim pursuant to the terms hereof, the Company has director and officer liability insurance in effect, the Company shall give prompt notice of such claim or of the commencement of such proceeding to the insurers in accordance with the procedures set forth in the respective policies. The Company and the Indemnitee shall thereafter take all necessary or desirable action to cause such insurers to pay, on behalf of the Indemnitee, all amounts payable as a result of such Proceeding in accordance with the terms of such policies.
(c) The Company’s obligation to indemnify or advance Expenses hereunder to Indemnitee who is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, trustee, partner, managing member, fiduciary, employee or agent of any other corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise shall be reduced by any amount Indemnitee has actually received as indemnification or advancement of Expenses from such other corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise.
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(d) The Company hereby acknowledges that, in addition to the rights provided in Article VIII of the Bylaws and this Agreement, Indemnitee may have certain rights to indemnification, advancement of Expenses and/or insurance (an “Indemnity Right”) provided by another Person, whether now or in the future (a “Third Party Indemnitor”). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Company hereby agrees that in the event Indemnitee has an Indemnity Right, the Company (A) is the indemnitor of first resort (i.e., its obligations to indemnify Indemnitee are primary and any obligation of the applicable Third Party Indemnitor or such Third Party Indemnitor’s insurers to advance Expenses or to provide indemnification for the same Expenses or liabilities incurred by Indemnitee is secondary and excess); (B) shall be required to advance the full amount of Expenses incurred by Indemnitee and shall be liable for the full amount of all Expenses, judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee’s behalf to the extent legally permitted and as required hereunder, without regard to any rights Indemnitee may have against the Third Party Indemnitor or such Third Party Indemnitor’s insurers; and (C) irrevocably waives, relinquishes and releases the Third Party Indemnitor and such Third Party Indemnitor’s insurers from any and all claims against the Third Party Indemnitor or such Third Party Indemnitor’s insurers for contribution, by way of subrogation or any other recovery of any kind in respect thereof. In furtherance and not in limitation of the foregoing, the Company agrees that in the event that any Third Party Indemnitor or such Third Party Indemnitor’s insurer should advance any Expenses or make any payment to Indemnitee for matters subject to advancement or indemnification by the Company pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise, the Company shall promptly reimburse such Third Party Indemnitor or insurer and that such Third Party Indemnitor or insurer shall be subrogated to all of the claims or rights of Indemnitee hereunder or otherwise including to the payment of Expenses in an action to collect. The Company agrees that any Third Party Indemnitor or such Third Party Indemnitor’s insurer not a party hereto shall be an express third party beneficiary of this Section 14, able to enforce such Section 14 of this Agreement according to its terms.
Section 15. Severability. If any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (a) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement (including without limitation, each portion of any Section of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby and shall remain enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law; (b) such provision or provisions shall be deemed reformed to the extent necessary to conform to applicable law and to give the maximum effect to the intent of the parties hereto; and (c) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, each portion of any Section of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested thereby.
Section 16. Enforcement. The Company expressly confirms and agrees that it has entered into this Agreement and assumed the obligations imposed on it hereby in order to induce Indemnitee to serve as a director or officer of the Company, and the Company acknowledges that Indemnitee is relying upon this Agreement in serving or continuing to serve as a director or officer of the Company.
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Section 17. Entire Agreement. Supersedes Prior Agreements. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, oral, written and implied, between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof; provided, however, that this Agreement is a supplement to and in furtherance of the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws, any directors’ and officer’s insurance maintained by the Company, any employment agreement between the Company and Indemnitee and applicable law, and shall not be deemed a substitute therefor, nor to diminish or abrogate any rights of Indemnitee thereunder.
Section 18. Modification and Waiver. No supplement, modification or amendment of this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by the parties hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provisions of this Agreement nor shall any waiver constitute a continuing waiver.
Section 19. Notice by Indemnitee. Indemnitee agrees promptly to notify the Company in writing upon being served with any summons, citation, subpoena, complaint, indictment, information or other document relating to any Proceeding or matter which may be subject to indemnification or advancement of Expenses covered hereunder. The failure of Indemnitee to so notify the Company shall not relieve the Company of any obligation which it may have to the Indemnitee under this Agreement or otherwise except to the extent the Company is prejudiced in its defense of such action, suit or proceeding as a result of such failure.
Section 20. Notices. All notices, requests, demands and other communications under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if (a) delivered by hand and receipted for by the party to whom said notice or other communication shall have been directed, (b) mailed by certified or registered mail with postage prepaid, on the third business day after the date on which it is so mailed, (c) mailed by reputable overnight courier and receipted for by the party to whom said notice or other communication shall have been directed or (d) sent by facsimile transmission, with receipt of oral confirmation that such transmission has been received:
(a) If to Indemnitee, at the address indicated on the signature page of this Agreement, or such other address as Indemnitee shall provide to the Company.
(b) If to the Company to:
VIDA Global Inc.
12160 W Parmer Ln, Ste 130-716
Cedar Park, TX 78613
or to any other address as may have been furnished to Indemnitee by the Company.
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Section 21. Contribution. To the fullest extent permissible under applicable law, if the indemnification provided for in this Agreement is unavailable to Indemnitee for any reason whatsoever, the Company, in lieu of indemnifying Indemnitee, shall contribute to the amount incurred by Indemnitee, whether for judgments, fines, penalties, excise taxes, amounts paid or to be paid in settlement and/or for Expenses, in connection with any claim relating to an indemnifiable event under this Agreement, in such proportion as is deemed fair and reasonable in light of all of the circumstances of such Proceeding in order to reflect (i) the relative benefits received by the Company and Indemnitee as a result of the event(s) and/or transaction(s) giving cause to such Proceeding; and/or (ii) the relative fault of the Company (and its directors, officers, employees and agents) and Indemnitee in connection with such event(s) and/or transaction(s).
Section 22. Applicable Law and Consent to Jurisdiction. This Agreement and the legal relations among the parties shall be governed by, and construed and enforced in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to its conflict of laws rules. Except with respect to any arbitration commenced by Indemnitee pursuant to Section 13(a) of this Agreement, the Company and Indemnitee hereby irrevocably and unconditionally (i) agree that any action or proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Agreement shall be brought only in the Chancery Court of the State of Delaware (the “Delaware Court”), and not in any other state or federal court in the United States of America or any court in any other country, (ii) consent to submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Delaware Court for purposes of any action or proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Agreement, (iii) appoint, to the extent such party is not otherwise subject to service of process in the State of Delaware, irrevocably Corporation Services Company as its agent in the State of Delaware as such party’s agent for acceptance of legal process in connection with any such action or proceeding against such party with the same legal force and validity as if served upon such party personally within the State of Delaware, (iv) waive any objection to the laying of venue of any such action or proceeding in the Delaware Court, and (v) waive, and agree not to plead or to make, any claim that any such action or proceeding brought in the Delaware Court has been brought in an improper or inconvenient forum.
Section 23. Identical Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same Agreement. Only one such counterpart signed by the party against whom enforceability is sought needs to be produced to evidence the existence of this Agreement.
Section 24. Miscellaneous. Use of the masculine pronoun shall be deemed to include usage of the feminine pronoun where appropriate. The headings of the paragraphs of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not be deemed to constitute part of this Agreement or to affect the construction thereof.
Section 25. Duration of Agreement. This Agreement shall continue until and terminate upon the later of: (a) ten (10) years after the date that Indemnitee shall have ceased to serve as a director or officer of the Company or (b) one (1) year after the final termination of any Proceeding then pending in respect of which Indemnitee is granted rights of indemnification or advancement of Expenses hereunder and of any proceeding (including any appeal thereof) commenced by Indemnitee pursuant to Section 13 of this Agreement relating thereto. The indemnification and advancement of expenses rights provided by or granted pursuant to this Agreement shall be binding upon and be enforceable by the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns (including any direct or indirect successor by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Company), shall continue as to an Indemnitee who has ceased to be a director, officer, trustee, partner, managing member, fiduciary, employee or agent of the Company or of any other of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, and shall inure to the benefit of Indemnitee and Indemnitee’s spouse, assigns, heirs, devisees, executors and administrators and other legal representatives. The Company shall require and shall cause any successor (whether direct or indirect by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Company to, by written agreement, expressly assume and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company would be required to perform if no such succession had taken place.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to be signed as of the day and year first above written.
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
| By: | ||
| Name: | ||
| Title: |
INDEMNITEE
| Name: | ||
| Address: | ||
[Signature Page to Indemnification Agreement]
Exhibit 10.7
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
COMPENSATION RECOVERY POLICY
(Adopted and approved on April 2, 2026, and effective as of [●]1)
1. Purpose
VIDA Global Inc. (the “Company”) is committed to promoting high standards of honest and ethical business conduct and compliance with applicable laws, rules and regulations. As part of this commitment, the Company has adopted this Compensation Recovery Policy (this “Policy”). This Policy is designed to comply with the requirements of Section 10D of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), Rule 10D-1 promulgated thereunder and the rules of the national securities exchange on which the Company’s securities are traded and explains when the Company will pursue recovery of Incentive Compensation awarded or paid to a Covered Person. Please refer to Exhibit A attached hereto (the “Definitions Exhibit”) for the definitions of capitalized terms used throughout this Policy.
2. Recovery of Recoverable Incentive Compensation
In the event of a Restatement, the Company will pursue, reasonably promptly, recovery of all Recoverable Incentive Compensation from a Covered Person without regard to such Covered Person’s individual knowledge or responsibility related to the Restatement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Company is otherwise required by this Policy to undertake a Restatement, the Company will not be required to recover the Recoverable Incentive Compensation if the Compensation Committee determines, after exercising a normal due process review of all the relevant facts and circumstances, that (a) a Recovery Exception exists and (b) it would be impracticable to seek such recovery under such facts and circumstances.
If such Recoverable Incentive Compensation was not awarded or paid on a formulaic basis, the Company will pursue recovery of the amount that the Compensation Committee determines in good faith should be recovered.
3. Other Actions
The Compensation Committee may, subject to applicable law, pursue recovery of Recoverable Incentive Compensation in the manner it chooses, including by pursuing reimbursement from the Covered Person of all or part of the compensation awarded or paid, by electing to withhold unpaid compensation, by set-off, or by rescinding or canceling unvested stock or option awards.
In the reasonable exercise of its business judgment under this Policy, the Compensation Committee may in its sole discretion determine whether and to what extent additional action is appropriate to address the circumstances surrounding a Restatement to minimize the likelihood of any recurrence and to impose such other discipline as it deems appropriate.
1 Insert closing date of Initial Public Offering.
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4. No Indemnification or Reimbursement
As required by applicable law, notwithstanding the terms of any other policy, program, agreement or arrangement, in no event will the Company or any of its affiliates indemnify or reimburse a Covered Person for any loss of Recoverable Incentive Compensation under this Policy and, to the extent prohibited by law, neither the Company nor any of its affiliates will pay premiums on any insurance policy that would cover a Covered Person’s potential obligations with respect to Recoverable Incentive Compensation under this Policy.
5. Administration of Policy
The Compensation Committee will have full authority to administer this Policy. The Compensation Committee will, subject to the provisions of this Policy and Rule 10D-1 of the Exchange Act, and the Company’s applicable exchange listing standards, make such determinations and interpretations and take such actions in connection with this Policy as it deems necessary, appropriate or advisable. It is intended that this Policy be interpreted in a manner that is consistent with the requirements of Section 10D of the Exchange Act, Rule 10D-1 thereunder and any applicable rules or standards adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission or any national securities exchange on which the Company’s securities are listed. All determinations and interpretations made by the Compensation Committee will be final, binding and conclusive.
6. Other Claims and Rights
The requirements of this Policy are in addition to, and not in lieu of, any legal and equitable claims the Company or any of its affiliates may have or any actions that may be imposed by law enforcement agencies, regulators, administrative bodies, or other authorities. Further, the exercise by the Compensation Committee of any rights pursuant to this Policy will not impact any other rights that the Company or any of its affiliates may have with respect to any Covered Person subject to this Policy.
7. Acknowledgement by Covered Persons; Condition to Eligibility for Incentive Compensation
The Company will provide notice and seek acknowledgement of this Policy from each Covered Person, provided that the failure to provide such notice or obtain such acknowledgement will have no impact on the applicability or enforceability of this Policy. After the Effective Date, any grant of Incentive Compensation to a Covered Person will be deemed to have been made subject to the terms of this Policy, whether or not such Policy is specifically referenced in the documentation relating to such grant and this Policy shall be deemed to constitute an integral part of the terms of any such grant. All Incentive Compensation subject to this Policy will remain subject to this policy, even if already paid, until the Policy ceases to apply to such Incentive Compensation and any other vesting conditions applicable to such Incentive Compensation are satisfied.
8. Amendment; Termination
The Board or the Compensation Committee may amend or terminate this Policy at any time. In the event that Section 10D of the Exchange Act, Rule 10D-1 thereunder or the rules of the national securities exchange on which the Company’s securities are traded are modified or supplemented, whether by law, regulation or legal interpretation, such modification or supplement shall be deemed to modify or supplement this Policy to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law.
9. Effectiveness
Except as otherwise determined in writing by the Compensation Committee, this Policy will apply to any Incentive Compensation that is Received by a Covered Person on or after the Effective Date, even if such Incentive Compensation was approved, awarded, or granted to Covered Persons prior to the Effective Date. This Policy will survive and continue notwithstanding any termination of a Covered Person’s employment with the Company and its affiliates.
10. Successors
This Policy shall be binding and enforceable against all Covered Persons and their successors, beneficiaries, heirs, executors, administrators, or other legal representatives.
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Exhibit A
VIDA GLOBAL INC.
COMPENSATION RECOVERY POLICY
DEFINITIONS EXHIBIT
“Applicable Period” means the three completed fiscal years of the Company immediately preceding the earlier of (i) the date the Board, a committee of the Board, or the officer or officers of the Company authorized to take such action if Board action is not required, concludes (or reasonably should have concluded) that a Restatement is required or (ii) the date a court, regulator, or other legally authorized body directs the Company to prepare a Restatement. The “Applicable Period” also includes any transition period (that results from a change in the Company’s fiscal year) within or immediately following the three completed fiscal years identified in the preceding sentence.
“Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.
“Compensation Committee” means the Company’s committee of independent directors responsible for executive compensation decisions, or in the absence of such a committee, a majority of the independent directors serving on the Board.
“Covered Person” means any person who is, or was at any time, during the Applicable Period, an Executive Officer of the Company. For the avoidance of doubt, a Covered Person may include a former Executive Officer that left the Company, retired, or transitioned to an employee role (including after serving as an Executive Officer in an interim capacity) during the Applicable Period.
“Effective Date” means [●]2.
“Executive Officer” means the Company’s president, principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer (or if there is no such accounting officer, the controller), any vice-president in charge of a principal business unit, division, or function (such as sales, administration, or finance), any other officer who performs a policy-making function, or any other person (including an officer of the Company’s parent(s) or subsidiaries) who performs similar policy-making functions for the Company.
“Financial Reporting Measure” means a measure that is determined and presented in accordance with the accounting principles used in preparing the Company’s financial statements, and any measure that is derived wholly or in part from such measure (including but not limited to, “non-GAAP” financial measures, such as those appearing in the Company’s earnings releases or Management Discussion and Analysis). Stock price and total shareholder return (and any measures derived wholly or in part therefrom) shall be considered Financial Reporting Measures.
2 Insert effective date from cover page.
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“Incentive Compensation” means any compensation that is granted, earned, or vested based wholly or in part upon the attainment of a Financial Reporting Measure. Incentive Compensation does not include any base salaries (except with respect to any salary increases earned wholly or in part based on the attainment of a Financial Reporting Measure performance goal); bonuses paid solely at the discretion of the Compensation Committee or Board that are not paid from a “bonus pool” that is determined by satisfying a Financial Reporting Measure performance goal; bonuses paid solely upon satisfying one or more subjective standards and/or completion of a specified employment period; non-equity incentive plan awards earned solely upon satisfying one or more strategic measures or operational measures; and equity awards that vest solely based on the passage of time and/or attaining one or more non-Financial Reporting Measures. Incentive Compensation includes any Incentive Compensation Received on or after [●]3 pursuant to a preexisting contract or arrangement.
“Received” Incentive Compensation is deemed “Received” in the Company’s fiscal period during which the Financial Reporting Measure specified in the Incentive Compensation award is attained, even if the payment or grant of the Incentive Compensation occurs after the end of that period.
“Recoverable Incentive Compensation” means the amount of any Incentive Compensation (calculated on a pre-tax basis) Received by a Covered Person during the Applicable Period that is in excess of the amount that otherwise would have been Received if the calculation were based on the Restatement. For Incentive Compensation based on (or derived from) stock price or total shareholder return where the amount of Recoverable Incentive Compensation is not subject to mathematical recalculation directly from the information in the applicable Restatement, the amount will be determined by the Compensation Committee based on a reasonable estimate of the effect of the Restatement on the stock price or total shareholder return upon which the Incentive Compensation was Received (in which case, the Company will maintain documentation of such determination of that reasonable estimate and provide such documentation to the Company’s applicable listing exchange).
“Recovery Exception” A recovery of Recoverable Incentive Compensation shall be subject to a “Recovery Exception” if the Compensation Committee determines in good faith that: (i) pursuing such recovery would violate the home country law of the jurisdiction of incorporation of the Company where that law was adopted prior to November 28, 2022 and the Company provides an opinion of home country counsel to that effect acceptable to the Company’s applicable listing exchange; (ii) the direct expense paid to a third party to assist in enforcing this Policy would exceed the Recoverable Incentive Compensation and the Company has (A) made a reasonable attempt to recover such amounts and (B) provided documentation of such attempts to recover to the Company’s applicable listing exchange; or (iii) recovery would likely cause an otherwise tax-qualified retirement plan, under which benefits are broadly available to employees of the Company, to fail to meet the requirements of Section 401(a)(13) or Section 411(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and regulations thereunder.
“Restatement” means an accounting restatement of any of the Company’s financial statements filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Exchange Act, or the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, due to the Company’s material noncompliance with any financial reporting requirement under U.S. securities laws, regardless of whether the Company or Covered Person misconduct was the cause for such restatement. “Restatement” includes any required accounting restatement to correct an error in previously issued financial statements that is material to the previously issued financial statements (commonly referred to as “Big R” restatements), or that would result in a material misstatement if the error were corrected in the current period or left uncorrected in the current period (commonly referred to as “little r” restatements).
3 Insert the date that the company went public.
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Exhibit B
ACKNOWLEDGMENT AND CERTIFICATION
The undersigned does hereby acknowledge receipt of this Policy. The undersigned has read and understands (or has had explained) this Policy and agrees to be governed by this Policy at all times.
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| (Please print name) | |||
| Date: | |||
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Exhibit 21.1
Subsidiaries of the Registrant
None.
Exhibit 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We consent to the use in this Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Vida Global Inc. of our report dated March 24, 2026, relating to the financial statements of Vida Global Inc. as of and for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.
We also consent to the reference to our firm under the heading “Experts” in this Registration Statement.
/s/ Wipfli LLP
Radnor, Pennsylvania
April 2, 2026