We connect  
a greener  
world  
Annual Report 2023  
Company Reg: 6272 5214  
 
2
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
Contents  
Management Review  
02 Group review  
06 Parent company  
01 Introduction  
and markets  
financial statements  
99 Statement of comprehensive income  
99 Balance sheet  
16  
04 NKT at a glance  
16 Business model  
05 Letter from the Chair and the CEO  
08 Key highlights for 2023  
17 Markets and megatrends  
19 ReNew BOOST strategy  
20 Financial review 2023  
23 Financial review Q4 2023  
24 Risk Management  
100 Statement of changes in equity  
101 Cash flow statement  
09 5-year financial highlights  
11 Financial outlook 2024  
102 Notes  
12 Medium-term financial ambitions  
13 The equity investment case  
14 Divestment of NKT Photonics  
Overview of NKT's  
business model  
03 Business lines  
28 Business line organization  
29 Solutions  
07 Statements  
106 Group Management's statement  
107 Independent auditor’s reports  
36 Applications  
Financial Statements  
13  
41 Service & Accessories  
05 Consolidated  
financial statements  
60 Income statement  
NKT’s reports for 2023  
04 Governance  
47 Shareholder information  
49 Corporate Governance  
54 Board of Directors  
60 Statement of comprehensive income  
61 Balance sheet  
Sustainability Report  
Understand the NKT  
equity investment  
case in brief  
62 Cash flow statement  
63 Statement of changes in equity  
65 Notes  
Remuneration Report  
Corporate Governance Report  
57 Group Leadership Team  
The Sustainability Report describes the compliance of NKT A/S  
with Section 99a (CSR), Section 99d (Data ethics), and 107d  
(Diversity) of the Danish Financial Statements Act in 2023. The  
three above reports are available on https://investors.nkt.com/  
corporate-governance/statutory-reports  
 
3
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
Introduction  
04 NKT at a glance  
05 Letter from the Chair and the CEO  
08 Key highlights for 2023  
09 5-year financial highlights  
11 Financial outlook 2024  
12 Medium-term financial ambitions  
13 The equity investment case  
14 Divestment of NKT Photonics  
01  
 
4
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
01 Introduction  
NKT at a glance  
Founded in  
Main production and installation assets  
Revenue split  
58%  
Solutions  
1891 11  
32%  
Applications  
10%  
Service & Accessories  
Average number of employees  
Employee nationalities  
4,473 +70  
ReNew BOOST strategy  
Read more  
Scope 1 & 2 / Scope 3 reduction  
targets by 2030  
Diversity & Inclusion  
score  
90%/ 27.5%  
76  
Let’s  
Grow  
Let’s  
Innovate  
Let’s Drive  
Sustainability  
Employee data is the average and end-of-year for 2023, respectively. Reduction of CO2e emissions for scope 1, 2 and 3 in 2030 compared to 2019. D&I score is from  
the annual employee engagement survey in 2023 measured on a scale from 0-100. Revenue split (in std. metal prices) for 2023 is excluding intersegment transactions.  
 
5
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
01 Introduction  
Letter from the Chair and the CEO  
Power cables are essential to the  
evolving energy ecosystem  
Today, the significance of power cables  
ingly aware of the urgency to secure power  
cable manufacturing capacity. In 2023, NKT  
secured record order wins of approximately EUR  
10bn resulting in our largest high-voltage order  
backlog ever. The main portion was awarded in  
the form of multi-year framework agreements  
from large European TSO’s, ensuring visibility  
and high utilization of our high-voltage produc-  
tion capacity for years to come. These agree-  
ments, made with key long-term customers,  
underline NKTs value as an attractive partner.  
extends beyond the traditional role of trans-  
mitting electricity. They are essential compo-  
nents of a dynamic and evolving renewable  
energy ecosystem, enabling the transition to a  
low-carbon future, electrified transportation, and  
smart city infrastructure. In 2023, the Interna-  
tional Energy Agency published a report stipu-  
lating that the world must install 80 million km of  
power grids by 2040, equal to all grids globally  
today, to meet national climate targets and  
support energy security. At the United Nations  
Climate Change Conference, COP28, a key  
outcome was the commitment from 123 coun-  
tries to work together to triple the global capacity  
of installed renewable energy generation to at  
least 11,000 GW by 2030. In connection with  
this, developing and expanding grid connec-  
tions, and improving energy system intercon-  
nectivity was recognized as a key enabler. More  
than ever, the world has realized the critical role  
power cables play in securing a greener future.  
Enabling the  
power grid  
for the green  
transition  
2023 was a successful year for NKT. We continued our strong  
financial performance, achieved a record order intake, launched  
a large investment program and continued to deliver on our  
sustainability agenda. These results form the basis for further  
growth, to serve the unprecedented demand for power cables, to  
enable the global transition to renewable energy – and ultimately a  
net zero future.  
NKT is growing to support  
increasing demand  
Our established market position and innovative  
skillset, as well as strong focus on sustaina-  
bility, form the foundation for an even stronger  
presence in the power cable industry in the  
years to come. Supported by strong long-term  
visibility from our high-voltage order backlog, we  
announced an approximately EUR 1bn invest-  
ment program in NKT’s high-voltage business.  
The expansion is progressing according to plan  
and will add end-to-end production capacity  
next to our existing facility in Karlskrona,  
Sweden. Once completed, the full Karlskrona  
site will be the largest high-voltage offshore  
cable production site in the world. These invest-  
ments will further improve NKT’s ability to meet  
growing demand for especially long-length  
HVDC power cable solutions, while also adding  
a market leading cable-laying vessel for offshore  
installation. To enable this large investment,  
Unprecedented demand driven by the  
renewable transition and grid replacements  
Upgraded and interconnected power grids  
will mean an increase in demand for high- and  
medium-voltage power cable solutions. Existing  
power cable production capacity cannot meet  
this rapid increase in demand; and transmission  
system operators (TSO’s) have become increas-  
 
6
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
01 Introduction  
NKT raised new equity in a rights issue that was  
completed in May, and we would like to thank  
our shareholders for their continued support and  
trust.  
the committed long-term demand and a level  
playing field between manufacturers from  
different regions of the world are required.  
“Upgraded and  
interconnected  
power grids will  
mean a significant  
increase in  
demand for power  
cable solutions.  
With our market  
position and  
Our people and their engagement are  
key enablers of our continued success  
As NKT continues to grow, it is vital to maintain  
a strong focus on the execution of our company  
strategy, ReNew BOOST, on the timely progress  
of ongoing investments, and on the contin-  
uous delivery of our record high-voltage order  
backlog. Current and future employees play a  
central role in our success, and we would like  
to extend a warm welcome to nearly 1,300 new  
colleagues who joined us during the year, adding  
key competencies and diversity to our company.  
In May 2023, the Board of Directors announced  
Claes Westerlind as the new CEO of NKT and in  
September we launched changes to the Group  
Leadership Team, including the introduction  
of global COO and CCO positions, to further  
intensify our focus on execution, operational  
excellence and customer centricity.  
In the Applications and Service & Accessories  
business lines, we continued to invest in tech-  
nology, innovation and additional capacity. This  
included investments in our power cable acces-  
sories factory in Alingsås, Sweden, where we will  
build a new test hall, office and storage space,  
while also expanding our production capacity  
to meet increasing demand for accessories that  
are crucial for power cable systems. Geograph-  
ical expansions into new segments and markets  
are ongoing across all business lines to drive  
growth and expand on NKT’s existing strong-  
hold in Europe.  
The divestment of NKT Photonics is pending  
final approval from authorities. This marks the  
final step in the journey towards becoming a  
fully focused power cable solutions company.  
Expected proceeds from the divestment will  
contribute to the future profitable growth of NKT.  
innovative skillset,  
we will support  
this demand.”  
We are pleased to see that in 2023, we have  
significantly improved both internal employee  
engagement and customer satisfaction with  
NKT as a trusted power cable solutions provider.  
Both measures are above external benchmarks  
and accentuate NKT as an attractive and reliable  
employer and partner.  
NKT has consistently invested in its core busi-  
ness in past years, and we are determined  
to continue investing in the necessary capa-  
bilities and capacity required to meet signif-  
icant demand driven by the green transition  
and ongoing electrification of societies. To  
enable further investments, certainty about  
Jens Due Olsen  
Chair of the Board of Directors  
NKT A/S  
 
7
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
01 Introduction  
2023 provides a strong  
foundation for the future  
Thank you for a successful year for NKT  
On behalf of the Board of Directors and the  
Executive Management, we extend our sincere  
thanks to all shareholders, customers and busi-  
ness partners. We value these strong relation-  
ships and attribute a large part of our success  
in 2023 to you. Our employees and leadership  
teams also deserve a special thank you for a  
well-executed 2023.  
“As NKT grows, it  
is vital to maintain  
a strong focus  
Our business took another step forward on  
its financial performance in 2023, with further  
growth across several key metrics compared to  
2022. We have grown our operational EBITDA  
substantially in recent years, which amounted  
to EUR 255m in 2023. We now enter 2024 with  
a record high-voltage order backlog, and a  
strong outlook to grow further, supported by  
the largest investment and expansion plan in  
NKT history. Acknowledgement of these posi-  
tive financial developments was reflected in an  
associated increase in market cap and share  
trading volume, leading NKT to be included in  
the primary Danish stock index, the OMX C25, in  
December 2023.  
on the execution  
of our company  
strategy, ReNew  
BOOST. Our  
current and future  
employees will  
play a central role  
in our success.”  
Now, we look into 2024 with confidence as we  
pursue our strategic priorities on growth, inno-  
vation and sustainability. There is no doubt we  
have another inspiring and eventful year ahead  
of us.  
Jens Due Olsen  
Chair of the Board of Directors  
NKT A/S  
Claes Westerlind  
President & CEO  
NKT A/S  
These positive developments have been  
supported by a dedicated focus on sustaina-  
bility, which is becoming increasingly important  
to our customers. During the year we reached  
key milestones, such as having our cable-laying  
vessel, NKT Victoria, certified for operating on  
biofuel, strengthening our approach to human  
rights, and having our short-term decarboni-  
zation targets approved by the Science Based  
Target initiative. All positively contribute towards  
maintaining NKT's position as a sustainability  
leader in the power cable industry.  
Claes Westerlind  
President & CEO  
NKT A/S  
 
8
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
01 Introduction  
Key highlights for 2023  
NKT took another step forward in 2023, with further growth across several key financial metrics compared to 2022. With a  
record high-voltage order backlog and a financial position bolstered by increased earnings and free cash flow generation,  
NKT is well-positioned to pursue strategic growth priorities in 2024 and beyond.  
Revenue, EUR  
Operational EBITDA, EUR  
Free cash flow (excl. acquisitions & divestments), EUR  
2,567m 255m  
305m  
EUR 2,079m in 2022.  
EUR 155m in 2022.  
EUR 109m in 2022.  
Revenues (in std. metal prices) were EUR 1,927m in 2023, up from EUR  
1,447m in 2022. All three business lines contributed with higher revenues,  
Solutions and Applications were responsible for the majority of growth.  
Organic growth rates were 59% in Solutions, 15% in Applications and -2%  
in Service & Accessories  
Increased earnings were driven by continued growth and improved  
profitability in both Solutions and Applications, which reflected NKT's  
underlying presence across power cable markets. This was partially  
offset by decreased profitability in Service & Accessories  
A higher earnings contribution as well as a positive development in working  
capital due to a structurally larger high-voltage order backlog, more than  
offset the higher investment level, and led to strong free cash flow generation  
for 2023  
RoCE  
High-voltage order backlog, EUR  
Net interest-bearing debt, EUR  
19.5%  
10.8bn -671m  
6.6% in 2022.  
EUR 4.7bn at end-2022.  
EUR -55m at end-2022.  
RoCE increased primarily due to the significant increase in operational EBIT  
of 138% from 2022 to 2023. In addition, the positive cash flow generation  
led to a lower capital employed  
The record-high level was driven by the highest ever annual order intake.  
This covered awards across numerous technologies, geographies and  
customers in 2023 with improved overall contractual conditions. The  
capacity reservation agreements from SSEN Transmission and three  
projects under a framework agreement with TenneT are not included in  
the order backlog. They have an estimated value of more than EUR 2.5bn  
Positive free cash flow and net proceeds of EUR 357m from a fully  
subscribed rights issue led to a significant decrease in net interest-bearing  
debt. NKT’s business model requires a robust capital structure and the  
investments announced will also consume cash until completed  
* Key highlights reflect performance from continuing operations  
 
9
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
01 Introduction  
5-year financial highlights  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
2021  
2020  
2019  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
2021  
2020  
2019  
Income statement  
Revenue  
Revenue in std. metal prices* 3  
Operational EBITDA* 6  
One-off items* 5  
Balance sheet  
Share capital  
144.3  
1,575.0  
3,604.0  
-670.6  
904.4  
115.4  
1,143.8  
2,767.4  
-54.8  
115.4  
1,159.9  
2,553.4  
13.2  
115.4  
1,076.4  
2,150.6  
-25.9  
115.4  
803.8  
2,567  
1,927  
254.6  
0.0  
2,079  
1,447  
154.5  
0.1  
1,828  
1,263  
131.1  
-12.7  
118.4  
-94.5  
36.6  
23.9  
-8.2  
1,403  
1,087  
56.7  
1,268  
945  
Group equity  
Total assets  
1,789.6  
242.2  
15.1  
-12.0  
3.1  
Net interest-bearing debt* 8  
Capital employed* 9  
Working capital* 10  
-9.9  
1,089.0  
-303.0  
1,173.1  
-59.6  
940.0  
942.0  
EBITDA  
254.6  
-90.0  
164.4  
164.4  
-15.6  
148.8  
118.7  
5.6  
154.6  
-85.4  
69.1  
69.2  
9.1  
46.8  
-708.8  
-164.5  
-143.3  
Amortization, depreciation and impairment  
Operational EBIT* 7  
EBIT  
-85.2  
-28.5  
-38.4  
-11.5  
-49.9  
-63.5  
-11.0  
-74.5  
-90.8  
-75.7  
-87.7  
-11.6  
-99.3  
-78.5  
2.5  
Financial ratios and employees  
Operational EBITDA margin, continuing  
operations (std. metal prices)*  
Financial items, net  
Earnings before tax (EBT)  
Profit from continuing operations  
Profit from discontinued operations  
Net result  
13.2%  
-43%  
-2.6x  
44%  
19.5%  
53,720  
2.2  
10.7%  
-5%  
10.4%  
1%  
5.2%  
-2%  
1.6%  
30%  
8.2x  
Gearing (NIBD as % of Group equity)* 11  
NIBD relative to operational EBITDA* 12  
Solvency ratio (equity as % of total assets)* 13  
Return on capital employed (RoCE)* 14  
Number of DKK 20 shares (‘000) at end of year*  
EPS, continuing operations, EUR** 1  
Diluted EPS, continuing operations, EUR** 2  
Equity value, EUR, per outstanding share* 15  
Market price, DKK, per share*  
78.3  
55.1  
7.3  
15.7  
11.9  
-7.8  
-0.4x  
41%  
6.6%  
42,976  
1.0  
0.1x  
45%  
3.4%  
42,976  
0.1  
-0.4x  
50%  
-2.9%  
42,976  
-2.3  
45%  
-7.2%  
27,260  
-3.2  
124.3  
62.4  
4.1  
-76.0  
Cash flow  
Cash flow from operating activities  
Cash flow from investing activities  
hereof investments in P,P&E  
Free cash flow 16  
542.4  
-247.0  
-204.5  
295.4  
298.2  
-204.8  
-156.1  
93.4  
208.8  
-211.2  
-184.5  
-2.4  
135.6  
-90.8  
-61.3  
44.8  
117.8  
-52.3  
-28.5  
65.5  
2.1  
1.0  
0.1  
-2.3  
-3.2  
26  
23  
23  
22  
24  
464  
391  
316  
271  
161  
Average number of employees*  
4,473  
4,062  
3,775  
3,390  
3,299  
1–16  
Definitions appear in Section 7.4 in the consolidated financial statements.  
Alternative performance measures  
*
** Due to the rights issue in 2023 at a price below market price the earnings per share numbers for 2022 EPS, continuing operations, EUR  
and Diluted EPS, continuing operation, EUR have been restated and reduced by 0.1 EUR. Earnings per share for earlier years have not  
been restated due to immaterial impact.  
 
10  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
01 Introduction  
“I am excited to lead a highly engaged  
and competent global team that is  
eager for the growth journey ahead.  
Strong emphasis will be placed on  
execution, operational excellence, and  
customer centricity in the pursuit of our  
strategic ambitions for 2028.”  
Strengthened organisational  
setup to enable future growth  
In September 2023, NKT announced an updated Group Leadership  
Team structure, which has been optimised to facilitate future  
growth and create stronger alignment across the organisation.  
These included the formation of two new roles.  
Will Hendrikx  
Chief Operating Officer & Deputy CEO  
Establishment of COO and CCO roles  
As part of these changes, NKT has established  
the Chief Operating Officer/Deputy CEO and  
Chief Commercial Officer roles, which were  
formed to further intensify focus on execution,  
operational excellence and customer centricity  
across all business lines. These two new posi-  
tions with global responsibility will be key to  
driving continued progress of NKT’s growth  
journey ahead, set direction across the company,  
and ensure that NKT capitalises on a significant  
level of attractive market opportunities.  
in 2020, as Executive Vice President of Applica-  
tions; and has been instrumental in defining and  
leading efficiency initiatives that have led to the  
significant growth and improved profitability of  
this business line in recent years.  
“We will look to maintain strong  
momentum going forward, following  
a record high-voltage order intake  
in 2023. NKT is firmly entrenched as  
one of the leading providers of power  
cable solutions for the years to come  
and will continue exploring innovative  
new solutions to best serve our  
customers’ needs.”  
Michael C. Hjorth has expanded his areas of  
responsibility and has assumed the role of Chief  
Commercial Officer. Michael first joined NKT  
in 1995 and has been a member of the Group  
Leadership Team as the Chief Commercial  
Officer of the Solutions business line since 2019.  
Under Michael’s leadership, NKT’s high-voltage  
order backlog has increased to the record-high  
level of EUR 10.8bn at end-2023.  
Will Hendrikx has assumed the position as Chief  
Operating Officer/Deputy CEO. Will brings more  
than 25 years of experience driving global sales,  
growth and operational optimization across the  
cable and transformer industry. Will joined NKT  
Michael C. Hjorth  
Chief Commercial Officer  
The full Group Leadership Team is presented on  
page 57-58.  
 
11  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
01 Introduction  
Financial outlook 2024  
Revenues (in std. metal prices) and operational  
EBITDA are expected to be between approx.  
EUR 2.21-2.36bn and EUR 285-335m, respec-  
tively.  
The level of subcontracted revenues in Solutions  
nues and operational EBITDA in 2024. While  
Applications significantly increased earnings in  
2023, growth in 2024 is expected to be modest  
and will depend on market dynamics. Service &  
Accessories is expected to grow compared to  
2023, driven by favourable market conditions as  
well as growth and efficiency efforts.  
The financial outlook for  
2024 is based on several  
assumptions including:  
is expected to decline in 2025 and 2026 relative  
to 2024. Revenues generated from subcon-  
tracted production and installation assignments  
vary depending on the underlying project mix in  
production. This has no impact on the previously  
communicated medium-term financial ambitions.  
The improved financial outlook in 2024  
compared to 2023 is expected to be driven  
predominantly by Solutions, as previous invest-  
ments in capabilities and capacity, and execu-  
tion of the order backlog will positively impact  
revenues and operational EBITDA.  
■
Satisfactory execution and development  
In May 2023, NKT announced an approx. EUR  
1bn investment program, which will contribute  
to revenue and earnings from 2027 when new  
assets are expected to gradually become opera-  
tional. This will drive an elevated investment level  
in 2024 compared to prior years.  
NKT is expanding across business lines and is  
selectively investing in growth opportunities. This  
will be founded on a higher cost base that will be  
value creating for the business over time.  
of high-voltage investments and projects  
without major disruptions  
■
Stable market conditions in Applications  
Similar to 2023, NKT will continue to execute on  
its record high-voltage order backlog, whose  
composition will maintain a relatively high level of  
revenues generated from subcontracted produc-  
tion and installation assignments in 2024.  
■
The financial outlook does not include discon-  
tinued operations and the potential accounting  
gain that will be derived from the expected  
divestment of NKT Photonics.  
Normalized offshore power cable repair  
work activity  
Applications and Service & Accessories are  
also expected to contribute positively to reve-  
■
Stable development of the global  
economy  
■
Stable supply chain with limited disrup-  
tions and access to the required labour,  
materials and services  
■
Revenue (std. metal prices), EUR  
Operational EBITDA, EUR  
Stable development in foreign currency  
and metal prices  
~2.21–2.36bn ~285–335m  
 
12  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
01 Introduction  
Medium-term financial ambitions  
In May 2023, NKT upgraded and extended its  
medium-term financial ambitions, which now  
cover up to 2028. The ambitions were updated  
in connection with the announcement of the  
approx. EUR 1bn high-voltage investment  
program and the corresponding rights issue.  
These investments will drive further value accre-  
tive growth.  
The updated ambitions are as follows:  
All business lines are expected to contribute to  
NKT’s improving financial performance towards  
2028, with Solutions being the primary growth  
driver. Sustainable megatrends are expected to  
continue to positively impact cable markets and  
thereby NKT's three business lines over this time.  
The medium-term financial  
ambitions are based on  
several assumptions  
including:  
■
Organic revenue growth (measured in std.  
metal prices) with a CAGR above 12% from  
2021-2028  
■
Operational EBITDA above EUR 300m and  
above EUR 550m for 2025 and 2028, respec-  
tively  
In Solutions, it is a prerequisite that NKT success-  
fully executes its investment program from 2023-  
2027. This is the foundation for anticipated growth  
in revenues and operational EBITDA. In parallel,  
NKT needs to deliver satisfactory project execution  
of its record high-voltage order backlog, and win  
further projects to support long-term profitability.  
■
Satisfactory execution and development  
■
Return on Capital Employed (RoCE) above  
15% by 2025 and above 20% by 2028  
of high-voltage investments and projects  
to deliver on expected profitability  
margin trajectory  
Organic growth CAGR  
■
Market demand supporting a continued  
>12%  
favourable supply/demand balance  
From 2021-2028  
In Applications, NKT expects to grow revenues  
and operational EBITDA based on its positioning  
in markets exposed to growth trends. NKT will  
invest selectively in debottlenecking existing  
sites to facilitate growth, with a particular focus  
on the segments driven by the green transition  
and electrification of societies.  
■
Ensure further high-voltage project  
awards securing high utilization of  
production and installation assets  
Operational EBITDA, EUR  
■
Stable development of the global  
economy  
>300m / >550m  
By 2025  
By 2028  
■
Stable supply chain with limited disrup-  
tions and access to the required labour,  
materials and services  
In Service & Accessories, the main focus is to  
facilitate further growth based on prevailing  
attractive market conditions. This will be  
achieved through various ongoing initiatives  
including geographical expansion and the  
pursuit of attractive business opportunities.  
RoCE  
■
Stable development in foreign currency  
and metal prices  
>15% / >20%  
By 2025  
By 2028  
 
13  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
01 Introduction  
NKT: The equity investment case  
Creating shareholder value by connecting a greener world  
Across multiple fronts, 2023 was a transformational year for NKT. The company continues to progress  
on its strategic ambitions, and offers equity investors exposure to the green energy transition.  
NKT’s power cable systems are  
a critical component for the  
transmission and distribution  
of renewable energy  
NKT has a technology-centric  
approach with a market  
leading position within high-  
voltage DC solutions  
NKT’s record high-voltage  
order backlog provides multi-  
year earnings visibility  
The NKT organization has  
a proven track record of  
delivering on strategic and  
operational targets  
NKT’s robust financial position  
provides security and flexibility  
As an industry leading, pure play  
power cable solutions provider, NKT  
remains well positioned to benefit  
from the need for more modern and  
interconnected power grids, capable  
of meeting structurally higher demand  
for electricity from a higher share  
of renewable energy. NKT’s power  
cable systems are essential compo-  
nents of a dynamic and evolving  
renewable energy ecosystem, with  
structural megatrends driving strong  
demand for the company’s robust  
portfolio of high and medium-voltage  
solutions.  
In recent years, there has been a  
technology shift in the high-voltage  
power cable market, with 525kV  
XLPE DC power cables becoming  
a key solution for long distance  
power transmission. As a pioneer  
of XLPE DC technology, NKT has  
seen its addressable market increase  
rapidly – market awards were above  
EUR 30bn in 2023* compared to an  
average of around EUR 2-3bn in the  
second half of the 2010s. In addition,  
NKT has well-founded project execu-  
tion capabitlities to deliver on large  
projects with in-house production  
and installation assets.  
Through strong commercial  
Bolstered by free cash flow of EUR  
295m in 2023 and net proceeds of  
EUR 357m from a fully-subscribed  
rights issue completed in July 2023,  
NKT is entering its next phase of  
growth in a position of financial  
strength. At end-2023, NKT had net  
interest-bearing debt of EUR -671m  
and available liquidity reserves of  
EUR 1,090m. In parallel, operational  
EBITDA and free cash flow gener-  
ation have consistently improved in  
recent years. NKT targets a leverage  
ratio (net interest-bearing debt relative  
to operational EBITDA) of up to 0.0x,  
thereby ensuring a strong financial  
position for years to come.  
NKT has improved its financial perfor-  
mance in the past years, growing  
revenue and operational EBITDA  
significantly. Under the company’s  
ReNew strategy introduced in 2020,  
followed by the updated ReNew  
BOOST, all business lines have  
contributed with improved results and  
positive strategic execution. Going  
forward, NKT remains highly focused  
on execution and risk management,  
which will be key to meeting its  
medium-term financial ambitions.  
Targeting high asset utilization and  
an optimised cost base, NKT aims  
to deliver, and create value for share-  
holders.  
execution, NKT was awarded new  
contracts worth approx. EUR 7bn in  
2023, bringing the company’s high-  
voltage order backlog to a record  
high EUR 10.8bn, of which more  
than 75% are with large European  
Transmission System Operators. With  
additional booking commitments  
exceeding EUR 2.5bn, the company  
has multi-year earnings visibility. To  
support future profitable growth and  
capitalize on a favourable market  
outlook, NKT launched the largest  
investment program in company  
history, with approx. EUR 1bn  
earmarked for a new high-voltage  
factory and cable-laying vessel.  
* Market awards are a combination of firm awards and booking commitments in NKT’s addressable high-voltage market.  
 
14  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
01 Introduction  
Divestment of NKT Photonics  
Agreement to divest NKT Photonics  
Financial performance in 2023  
This led to a net result from discontinued oper-  
ations of EUR 5.6m in 2023, compared to EUR  
7.3m in 2022. As assets in NKT Photonics are  
classified as held for sale, these are not depreci-  
ated. This improved the result by EUR 6.6m from  
2022 to 2023.  
In June 2022, NKT entered into an agreement  
to divest NKT Photonics to Photonics Manage-  
ment Europe S.R.L, a 100% owned subsidiary of  
Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., which is a Japa-  
nese company engaged in developing photo-  
electric devices and application products.  
NKT Photonics’ revenues grew organically by  
3% in 2023 and increased to EUR 88.1m. The  
main growth drivers were the Medical & Life  
Science - with a particularly positive develop-  
ment within ophthalmology - and Quantum &  
Nano Technology segments. Growth momentum  
slowed in Q4 2023 as some orders were moved  
into 2024.  
For accounting and reporting purposes, NKT  
Photonics is presented as discontinued opera-  
tions and assets held for sale in this report.  
Required regulatory approvals had been  
obtained from authorities in Germany, the United  
Kingdom and the United States. However, on  
2 May 2023, NKT received notification that  
the Purchaser had been denied the authoriza-  
tion under the Danish Investment Screening  
Act needed for the Purchaser to proceed to  
complete the transaction and acquire NKT  
Photonics.  
Operational EBITDA in 2023 was EUR 7.3m,  
against 8.8m in 2022. The development in 2023  
was impacted by higher input costs due to the  
inflationary pressure that started in 2022. This  
was partly outweighed by deliberate cost control  
in the business. The reported EBITDA was 7.3m  
in 2023, compared to EUR 14.6m in 2022, as  
one-off items related to an accounting gain  
contributed positively in 2022.  
See more detailed financial information on  
discontinued operations in Section 6.3 on page  
95.  
The Purchaser refiled its application with the  
Danish Business Authority in July 2023. The  
application is currently being assessed by the  
Danish authorities.  
 
15  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
Group review  
and markets  
16 Business model  
17 Markets and megatrends  
19 ReNew BOOST strategy  
20 Financial review 2023  
23 Financial review Q4 2023  
24 Risk Management  
02  
 
16  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
02 Group review and markets  
Business model  
Resources  
Business  
Value creation  
People  
A greener world  
NKT’s core consists of a diverse,  
engaged, and highly skilled workforce  
Sustainability is at the heart of NKT with  
a strong focus on connecting a greener  
world and delivering net-zero emissions  
by 2050  
Innovation  
More than 130 years of pioneering the  
power cable industry with innovative  
technology for the future  
Societal value  
NKT has a strong focus on ensuring equal  
opportunities in the organisation, actively  
engaging in local communities and oper-  
ating according to high safety standards  
Partners  
NKT’s business is built on  
long-standing relations and  
strong partnerships  
Customer value  
NKT supports its customers with exten-  
sive experience, high quality solutions and  
services and strong project execution  
Shareholder value  
NKT is creating shareholder  
value through business  
performance  
Business lines  
Solutions  
Applications  
Service & Accessories  
Specialized in high-voltage power cable solutions  
for on- and offshore installation  
Markets building wires, low- and medium-voltage  
power cable solutions  
On- and offshore power cable services and a full portfolio of  
accessories for medium- and high-voltage power cable systems  
 
17  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
02 Group
review and markets  
Markets and  
megatrends  
Sustainability  
As renewable energy capacity has continued  
to expand globally, demand for power cable  
systems – which are essential for power trans-  
mission and distribution – has correspondingly  
accelerated. Global renewable energy capacity  
grew by the fastest pace recorded in the last  
20 years in 20231; which was also an unprece-  
dented year for the high-voltage cable market.  
Within the high-voltage power cable market,  
DC solutions have gained prominence over AC,  
as renewable energy sources are connected to  
population centres over longer distances. Both  
technologies will continue to play an important  
role for the high-voltage power grid.  
As a pure-play power cable company, NKT serves the market  
with solutions to bring power from electricity generation to  
consumption
. This covers the high-voltage transmission and  
medium-voltage distribution power grids including offshore and  
onshore installation, to lower voltage building wires. Across  
market segments, technological progress has been an important  
market driver to ensure the efficient and safe allocation of power  
and to strengthen power grids. Future growth is to a large degree  
expected to be driven by high-voltage DC technology, where NKT  
is a leading company.  
Within the medium-voltage power cable market,  
additional power cables will be required to  
connect wind and solar parks to substations  
and beyond. Both segments will be important  
demand drivers for medium-voltage cables  
going forward.  
Despite rapid progress, adoption must accel-  
erate further in the decades to come if countries  
are to have any chance at meeting published  
sustainability targets. This is especially true in  
Europe, where EU decarbonisation and energy  
security targets require an increase from the  
current around 20 GW to at least 111 GW of  
energy generation from offshore wind alone by  
20302.  
Sustainability-related requirements are  
expected to play an increasingly significant role  
in the supply chain. This includes a focus on  
low-carbon solutions and responsibly sourced  
materials and compounds, such as lead-free  
and halogen-free solutions.  
As a result of several market drivers, the power cable market has  
grown rapidly; and this is expected to continue in the years ahead.  
NKT is well-positioned to benefit, as its offerings include power  
cable systems and service solutions across voltage and capacity  
levels.  
These shifts in power generation and consump-  
tion present substantial market opportunities  
across segments in the power cable industry.  
Expected impact on power cable market segment  
Many factors can influence future market development. In  
particular, NKT sees three megatrends having the greatest impact  
on the power cable market in the coming years: Sustainability,  
Electrification and Digitalization.  
High-voltage  
Low- and medium-voltage  
Services  
High  
High  
Medium  
1
IEA Renewable Energy Market Update, January 2024.  
2
Eurelectric Decarbonisation Speedways, June 2023.  
 
18  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
02 Group review and markets  
Electrification  
Digitalization  
■
In an effort to reduce carbon footprints, consumers  
and companies are demanding electrical power  
solutions as a substitute from traditional carbon-  
based power systems. Power grid operators must  
accommodate for increased localized demand  
from non-traditional electrical power consumers  
such as electric vehicles, heat pumps, industrial  
motors, and electrified public transportation.  
Electricity consumption across Europe is  
expected to increase by approximately 60%  
between 2023 and 20302  
Over 40% of Europe’s power grid infrastruc-  
ture is over 40 years old3  
Europe’s power grid owners are expected to  
spend at least EUR 35bn per year until 2030  
and up to EUR 65bn per year on average until  
20503  
The EUR 23bn annual spend by European  
power grid owners seen in recent years falls  
significantly short in meeting the EU’s decar-  
bonisation agenda3  
Digitalization continues to be a major global  
efficiency driver across industries. This has  
presented opportunities for smart power cable  
solutions with fibre optics that support data  
collection and monitoring for optimization, as  
well as various preventative maintenance solu-  
tions.  
cable monitoring solutions that safeguard the  
uninterrupted transmission and distribution of  
electricity.  
■
■
These advances within digitalization have posi-  
tively impacted demand within the low- and  
medium-voltage segments. NKT also anticipates  
that further opportunities could arise from the  
accelerated adoption of Artificial Intelligence that  
as an example can automatize traditional opera-  
tional processes.  
Additionally, an unstable global geopolitical situ-  
ation has led to an increased focus on securing  
and servicing critical infrastructure, including  
power cables. This has increased the need for  
■
Investments in power grid expansion and  
strengthening programs will require more high-  
and medium-voltage power cable systems and  
services. NKT sees that:  
Expected impact on power cable market segment  
Expected impact on power cable market segment  
High-voltage  
Low- and medium-voltage  
Services  
High-voltage  
Low- and medium-voltage  
Services  
Medium  
High  
Medium  
High  
High  
Medium  
2
Eurelectric Action Plan on Grids, November 2023  
Eurelectric Decarbonisation Speedways, June 2023  
3
Macroeconomic environment  
Globally, sustained inflation, higher interest rates,  
volatile raw material prices, and foreign-ex-  
change fluctuations persisted, challenging busi-  
ness operations and economic assumptions.  
Conflict in the Middle East and attacks on shipping  
lanes in the Red Sea suggest that supply chain  
disruptions and sourcing of certain raw materials  
could be challenged for some industries in 2024.  
NKT continues to monitor the prevailing macro-  
economic environment in order to ensure supply  
chain security; the safety of its workforce; and  
the consistency of its operations.  
Despite gradually normalizing conditions across  
Europe, economic uncertainty remained high  
throughout the year, driven by ongoing conflict  
between Russia and Ukraine.  
 
19  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
02 Group review and markets  
ReNew BOOST strategy  
In 2023, NKT continued to execute  
on its strategy: ReNew BOOST. This  
updated strategic direction was  
introduced in 2022 based on three  
main pillars: growth, innovation and  
sustainability.  
Let’s Grow  
Let’s Innovate  
Let’s Drive Sustainability  
NKT will continue to support the ongoing  
NKT will continue to deliver leading power  
cable products, services, and solutions. There  
is – and will continue to be – a strong focus on  
innovation. This ensures that NKT’s solutions  
are available to support market requirements  
and the green transition.  
NKT continuously aims to integrate sustainability  
throughout its business. To drive sustainability,  
NKT works around three focal points:  
creation of a power grid for the future. This is  
done by selectively investing in and expanding  
all three business lines. NKT has launched  
several initiatives to grow capacity and organ-  
izational capabilities, which will be key to  
unlocking further growth. NKT is focused on  
delivering expansions according to plan, which  
will require strengthened employee competen-  
cies across the organization.  
In recent years, NKT has increased earnings,  
strengthened its balance sheet, and initiated  
several growth investments. This has been  
founded on a clear strategic direction, which  
is an embedded part of the ReNew BOOST  
strategy for each of the individual business lines.  
1) Climate action: Reducing corporate emis-  
sions and engaging in strategic partnerships for  
decarbonization. 2) Circularity: Increasing circu-  
larity through the entire lifecycle of products and  
solutions and actively pursuing zero waste from  
operations. 3) Social aspects: being a fair, inclu-  
sive and safe workplace.  
NKT continuously seeks to strengthen its posi-  
tion as a technology leader within the power  
cable industry through innovations to meet  
customer demand. NKT is focused on devel-  
oping the next generation of high-voltage power  
cable technology, including technology for  
deeper sea installation, dynamic cables, higher  
performance and lower losses. A focus area will  
be to continue strengthening internal capabili-  
ties as well as collaborating with key technology  
institutions and universities to develop new  
materials and solutions.  
The green transition is accelerating in Europe  
and other parts of the world, and the ongoing  
electrification of societies is a sustainable  
megatrend. NKT will continue to play a central  
role in connecting a greener world with inno-  
vative power cable solutions and services. The  
three pillars of ReNew BOOST will continue to  
guide NKT’s strategic direction in the years to  
come.  
NKT will continue its positive financial develop-  
ment, driven by significant opportunities from  
sustainable megatrends supporting the power  
cable market. NKT is in a strong position;  
and is committed to growing its business in a  
value-creating and profitable way by ensuring  
execution on commitments and through the  
diligent exploration of new opportunities.  
The focus areas are founded on responsible busi-  
ness practices, where NKT conducts business as  
a trusted partner and employer.  
More information about NKT’s efforts within ESG  
is available in the Sustainability Report 2023.  
 
20  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
02 Group review and markets  
Revenue* development  
Financial review 2023  
Compared to 2022, NKT achieved organic revenue growth of 36%, which was driven  
by further growth in Solutions and Applications. Increased revenues and efficiency  
initiatives led to the highest annual operational EBITDA and profitability margin  
in company history. Free cash flow increased significantly due to the phasing of  
milestone payments and a positive working capital development from a structurally  
larger high-voltage order backlog.  
Amounts in EURm  
CAGR:  
19%  
1,927  
1,447  
1,263  
1,087  
945  
2019  
2020  
2021  
2022  
2023  
Organic growth of 36% in 2023  
the year; and a higher than initially anticipated  
revenue performance within Applications.  
Improved operational EBITDA and  
continued margin expansion  
Operational EBITDA of EUR 255m in 2023 was  
the highest annual level in company history and  
was EUR 100m higher than 2022.  
Driven by further growth in Solutions and  
Applications, NKT’s revenues* increased by  
EUR 481m in 2023, to EUR 1,927m. Service  
& Accessories also contributed with a slight  
absolute revenue increase, despite offshore  
repair work being limited in 2023. The largest  
absolute increase in revenue* was delivered by  
Solutions, where previous investments in capa-  
bilities and capacity drove growth. Applications  
also increased revenues, driven by positive  
momentum in the power distribution and renew-  
able energy segments.  
Operational EBITDA  
Amounts in EURm  
Organic growth for each business line was 59%  
for Solutions, 15% for Applications, and -2% for  
Service & Accessories.  
CAGR:  
103%  
Improved company profitability was largely  
driven by higher revenues and margin improve-  
ment in Solutions, where investments in capa-  
Revenues measured in market prices were EUR  
2,567m in 2023, against EUR 2,079m in 2022.  
13.2%  
10.7%  
10.4%  
5.2%  
Realized figures versus initial financial outlook for 2023  
Initial, Adjustment, Adjustment, Adjustment,  
1.6%  
The revenue* performance was at the high end  
of the most recent financial outlook for 2023 of  
approx. EUR 1.85-1.9bn, which was announced  
in October 2023. Outperformance compared to  
the original outlook for 2023 was driven primarily  
by satisfactory execution in Solutions throughout  
Amounts in EURm  
Feb. 2023  
Apr. 2023  
Aug. 2023  
Oct. 2023  
Realized  
57  
131  
155  
255  
15  
NKT  
2019  
2020  
2021  
2022  
2023  
Revenue*  
~1.75-1.85bn  
~185-215m  
~1.8-1.9bn  
~1.8-1.9bn  
~215-245m  
~1.85-1.9bn  
~240-260m  
1,927m  
255m  
Operational EBITDA  
~200-230m  
Operational EBITDA  
Operational EBITDA margin (std. metal prices)  
* Std. metal prices  
 
21  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
02 Group review and markets  
bilities and capacity drove growth. Applications  
also contributed, doubling its operational  
EBITDA compared to 2022. This was the result  
of revenue growth and positive impacts from  
previous efficiency initiatives. This was partially  
offset by decreased profitability in Service &  
Accessories, as limited offshore repair work in  
2023 did not outweigh continued growth within  
the accessories business.  
eters as EBITDA, slightly offset by higher depre-  
ciation and amortization compared to 2022.  
“We took another step forward in  
2023 with further growth across  
several key financial metrics.  
With a record high-voltage  
order backlog and a positive  
market outlook driven by  
sustainable megatrends,  
we are entering 2024  
Financial items were EUR -15.6m in 2023,  
against EUR 9.1m in 2022. While interest income  
- driven by an elevated cash position in 2nd half  
2023 - had a positive effect, this was more than  
offset by the impact of exchange-rate fluctu-  
ations, as both PLN and SEK strengthened  
against the EUR in 2023. Despite negative finan-  
cial items, earnings before tax (EBT) increased to  
EUR 149m in 2023 from EUR 78m in 2022.  
Operational EBITDA in 2023 was at the high end  
of the most recent financial outlook for 2023 of  
approx. EUR 240-260m. Results exceeded the  
initial outlook for 2023 due to satisfactory execu-  
tion in Solutions and profitability that exceeded  
original expectations within Applications.  
Free cash flow (excl. acquistions  
and divestments)  
Amounts in EURm  
with a robust financial  
The operational EBITDA margin* was 13.2% in  
2023 against 10.7% in 2022.  
(From continuing operations)  
position that forms the  
In 2023, there were no one-off items, compared  
to EUR 0.1m in 2022.  
foundation for future  
growth ahead.”  
These developments saw reported EBITDA  
increase from EUR 155m in 2022 to EUR 255m  
in 2023, driven by the same parameters as oper-  
ational EBITDA.  
Increase in net result  
66  
45  
109  
305  
EBIT amounted to EUR 164m in 2023, an  
improvement of EUR 95m compared to 2022.  
The increase was attributable to the same param-  
Line Andrea Fandrup  
Chief Financial Officer,  
-5  
2019  
2020  
2021  
2022  
2023  
Executive Vice President  
* Std. metal prices  
 
22  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
02 Group review and markets  
NKT’s net result from continuing operations for  
2023 amounted to EUR 119m, an increase of  
EUR 63.6m from 2022. The reported tax rate  
was 20%.  
The working capital ratio, LTM, was -16.0% at  
end-2023, compared to -7.5% at end-2022.  
Liquidity, debt and equity  
RoCE (from continuing operations)  
%
Positive free cash flow generation in 2023  
and proceeds from the rights issue that was  
completed in Q3 2023 led to a decrease in  
net interest-bearing debt from EUR -55m at  
end-2022 to -671m at end-2023. This provides  
security and flexibility for the years to come,  
where cash outflows associated with the  
ongoing investment program will be significant.  
19.5%  
Significant increase in free cash flow  
despite higher investment level  
Positive working capital development  
Driven by a larger positive EBITDA contribution  
and improved working capital position, cash flow  
from operating activities* improved by 244m to  
EUR 542m in 2023.  
Excluding acquisitions and divestments, cash  
flow from investing activities* amounted to  
EUR -238m in 2023, compared to EUR -189m  
in 2022. The increased investment level was  
largely attributable to investments associated  
with ongoing expansions in Solutions.  
6.6%  
3.4%  
-7.2%  
-2.9%  
Net interest-bearing debt relative to operational  
EBITDA amounted to -2.6x at end-2023, an  
improvement from -0.4x at end-2022.  
The working capital level was EUR -709m at  
end-2023, corresponding to an improvement  
of EUR 406m compared to end-2022. Unreal-  
ized value adjustments of hedging instruments  
drove a decrease in working capital of EUR 87m,  
mainly due to changes in commodity prices  
in 2023. The hedging value adjustments had  
no cash impact; and exclusive of these adjust-  
ments, the underlying working capital continued  
to develop favourably in 2023.  
Despite the higher investment level, NKT gener-  
ated free cash flow* of EUR 295m in 2023. This  
was significantly higher than EUR 93m in 2022.  
2019  
2020  
2021  
2022  
2023  
At end-2023, NKT had total available liquidity  
reserves of EUR 1,090m, comprising cash of  
EUR 890m (of which EUR 2.4m related to assets  
held for sale) and undrawn credit facilities of EUR  
200m. Group equity, including the green hybrid  
security issued in September 2022, amounted  
to EUR 1,575m. The solvency ratio was 44%,  
compared to 41% at the end of the previous  
year.  
Improved RoCE driven by  
growth in earnings  
Net interest-bearing debt  
Amounts in EURm  
The significant improvement of operational EBIT  
of 138% was reflected in RoCE*, which was  
19.5% at end-2023, up from 6.6% at end-2022.  
Capital employed decreased from EUR 951m at  
end-2022 to EUR 752m at end-2023 due to posi-  
tive cash flow generation. RoCE has continued to  
gradually improve, mainly reflecting progressively  
higher earnings contributions. RoCE will fluc-  
tuate from quarter-to-quarter depending on the  
project mix in production and timing of milestone  
payments from customers.  
8.2x  
13  
-0.4x  
-26  
242  
-0.4x  
-55  
-2.6x  
-671  
The lower working capital level was driven by  
Solutions due to the phasing of prepayments  
and milestone payments related to new and  
existing projects. The nature of the high-voltage  
market means that Solutions will normally be  
able to improve its working capital position when  
the order backlog increases.  
0.1x  
2019  
2020  
2021  
2022  
2023  
Net interest-bearing debt  
Net interest-bearing debt/oper. EBITDA, LTM  
*
From continuing operations.  
 
23  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
02 Group review and markets  
Financial review Q4 2023  
In Q4 2023, NKT increased revenues* by EUR 147m compared to Q4  
2022. This equalled organic growth of 40%. All three business lines  
contributed, but it was driven primarily by increased capacity and  
capabilities within Solutions and continued satisfactory execution.  
Increased revenues lifted profitability and Solu-  
tions delivered an increase of EUR 26.8m in  
operational EBITDA compared to Q4 2022.  
The profitability reflected utilization of additional  
capacity and the underlying project mix in  
production. In Q4 2023, certain deviations in a  
limited amount of legacy onshore high-voltage  
projects produced in a specific time period were  
identified. Due to this, NKT increased risk provi-  
sions accordingly, which had a slight impact on  
profitability. In project business, deviations from  
the initial execution plan will occur.  
Driven by higher revenue and efficiency measures,  
the operational EBITDA level improved compared  
to Q4 2022. The operational EBITDA margin for  
Q4 2023 was up by 1.2%-points from Q4 2022  
in a traditionally seasonally low fourth quarter.  
Service & Accessories  
The higher revenue led to further growth in  
operational EBITDA, which increased by EUR  
23.5m from Q4 2022, corresponding to a margin*  
improvement of 1.6%-points.  
revenues from increased investments in capacity  
conducted in recent years. Additionally, the amount  
of revenue generated from subcontracted assign-  
ments increased compared to previous quarters.  
Service & Accessories reported revenue* growth  
of EUR 6.9m in Q4 2023, against Q4 2022.  
Organic growth was 2%.  
In the service business, there was limited  
offshore repair work, as was the case  
Solutions  
NKT progressed on various projects in the  
high-voltage order backlog at different stages  
of execution, including Baltic Power, Borwin 5,  
Champlain Hudson Power Express, Dogger  
Bank C, Shetland, SuedLink, and SuedOstLink.  
In Solutions, revenues* increased by EUR 133m  
from Q4 2022 to Q4 2023, equivalent to organic  
growth of 65%. Growth was driven by higher  
activity across the business line, as well as  
Applications  
throughout 2023. However, other segments  
continued to perform positively, driven by  
various strategic initiatives taken to create a  
more robust business model. In the accessories  
business, NKT grew revenues, mainly driven  
by a continued ramp-up of HVDC accessories  
reflecting positive market developments.  
In Applications, revenues* grew organically by  
3% in Q4 2023. The higher revenue level was  
driven by a broad-based positive development.  
Positive developments in the power grid market  
continued to benefit NKT due to the company’s  
strong presence within medium-voltage and other  
power cable solutions exposed to this market.  
Due to the deterioration of construction activity  
since the 2nd half 2022, primarily been in the  
residential market, NKT’s revenues within building  
wires and other construction-exposed prod-  
ucts were at a continued low level in Q4 2023.  
However, the volumes stabilized during 2023  
and were up in Q4 2023 compared to Q4 2022.  
Financial development in Q4  
Revenue*  
Operational EBITDA  
Oper. EBITDA margin*  
Operational EBITDA was down by EUR 8.0m in  
Q4 2023, compared to Q4 2022. This was partly  
due a high comparison period, where a reversal  
of warranty provisions in Q4 2022 positively  
impacted results. In addition, NKT had tempo-  
rarily higher costs in the accessories business in  
Q4 2023 due to provisions related to issues on a  
legacy product and write-downs of inventory.  
Amounts in EURm  
Q4 2023  
Q4 2022  
Q4 2023  
Q4 2022  
Q4 2023  
Q4 2022  
Solutions  
350.1  
148.9  
53.0  
216.8  
144.0  
46.1  
54.0  
10.5  
3.5  
27.2  
8.5  
15.4%  
7.1%  
12.5%  
5.9%  
Applications  
Service & Accessories  
11.5  
6.6%  
24.9%  
Elimination of transactions between  
segments and non-allocated costs  
-15.9  
-18.1  
-4.8  
-7.5  
NKT  
536.1  
388.8  
63.2  
39.7  
11.8%  
10.2%  
* Std. metal prices  
 
24  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
02 Group review and markets  
Risk management  
investments. This combined with the geopolitical  
instability continue to cause some volatility on  
the market and in the supply chains.  
The Enterprise Risk Management cycle includes  
biannual reporting to the Risk Board and Audit  
Committee. The mid-year reporting provides an  
update on the most critical risks and overall ERM  
development. The annual reporting provides a  
comprehensive overview of the company’s risk  
position and perspectives on the overall impact  
of the risk profile on the company’s direction,  
risk mitigating actions and future planning.  
Managing risks are a natural part of doing business. NKT is fully  
committed to acquiring and controlling risks in accordance with  
exemplary corporate governance and applies proven practices to the  
internal risk processes.  
A new risk, Investment & Expansion, has been  
introduced this year covering potential risks  
related to the ongoing investment programs into  
new production assets initiated during 2023.  
The previously reported risk, Regulatory require-  
ments, remains relevant to the company and is  
being addressed accordingly. However, it is no  
longer considered part of the most significant  
risks as reported in this section.  
The company’s main revenue streams originate  
from different segments of the power cable  
market with independent market dynamics. The  
Solutions business line is a long-term project  
and backlog driven business and has a higher  
degree of resilience to short-term develop-  
ments in the general economic environment.  
The Applications business line is mainly driven  
by market benefits from ongoing optimization  
of the power grids by private and public stake-  
holders in the medium-voltage market, while  
construction development in both residential and  
non-residential building segments is driving the  
market for construction-exposed low-voltage  
cables and building wires. Finally, the Service &  
Accessories business line is to a certain degree  
dependent on large power cable repair projects  
and the overall development of the high- and  
medium-voltage markets.  
that present potential threats to NKT’s business  
objectives from the medium-term and long-term  
perspectives. The management of risks is an  
integral part of standard business operations  
and strengthens the governance model. NKT's  
Enterprise Risk Management program follows  
best practices and principles.  
Risks are assessed by means of a two-dimen-  
sion risk matrix based on impact and proba-  
bility. The identified and quantified key risks are  
prioritized and visualized in a Risk Dashboard  
that highlights aggregated criticality and overall  
risk exposure to the Risk Board and Audit  
Committee.  
Specific financial risks, including risks related  
to currency, interest and raw material price  
changes, are described in more details in  
Section 5.6 on pages 89-93.  
The overall risk picture for the company is influ-  
enced by various internal and external factors.  
The key changes to the risk picture from 2022 to  
2023 are described below.  
The company's key risks are described in detail  
in the overview on the following two pages  
including mitigations used to control the risks.  
Risk management process  
NKT operates a robust and efficient enterprise  
risk management program that aims to identify,  
prioritize and manage key risks and monitor  
the mitigating actions. This enables NKT to  
manage the risks effectively. In addition, detailed  
commercial acumen is embedded across the  
organization, which is part of effective risk  
mitigation.  
The macroeconomic cycle and market turbu-  
lences have remained significant drivers, which  
impact large parts of the business. While the  
current European energy challenges and infla-  
tion rate have indicated signs of stabilization,  
they continue to have an impact on input costs  
and market dynamics. Additionally, higher  
interest rates have become a significant driver  
to customers planning energy infrastructure  
As a global business, NKT is exposed to stra-  
tegic, operational, compliance and financial risks  
 
25  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
02 Group review and markets  
Risk  
identification  
Project execution in  
high-voltage segment  
Investment &  
Expansion  
Operational disruptions Commodity price  
Supply interruption and  
raw material availability  
in factories  
changes  
Risk  
description  
A significant part of NKT’s revenue relates  
to large projects in the high-voltage  
segment. The execution part of such  
projects may stretch over several years  
and involve multiple steps during the  
production, delivery and installation of  
the cables. Deficiencies in the project  
execution phase due to unplanned and  
unexpected events, failures or delays  
during project phases may result in addi-  
tional costs on re-work activities, material  
resources and potential penalties applied  
by customers. With the increased backlog  
of projects and the resulting pressure on  
production and installation schedule, this  
remains a key risk.  
NKT faces risks related to challenges  
and adverse events that NKT may face  
during the investment process to expand  
manufacturing facilities, vessels, mergers  
& acquisitions and other assets. For  
example, NKT has initiated several large  
investments and expansion projects  
during 2023, including the currently  
ongoing expansion of the factory in  
Karlskrona and the plan to build a new  
cable-laying vessel to supplement  
NKT’s existing vessel. Such investments  
are complex and requires necessary  
know-how and responsible project  
management.  
NKT has significant production activities  
and is therefore exposed to risks related  
to operational disruptions in factories,  
which may be caused by unforeseen  
events, such as equipment malfunc-  
tions, machinery breakdowns, workforce  
issues, or other operational challenges  
that can impede the seamless flow of  
production processes. These disruptions  
pose a risk of inability to meet production  
targets, fulfil customer orders in a timely  
manner, maintain consistent quality  
standards and potential penalties applied  
by customers.  
The company’s production activities are  
dependent on large amounts of essential  
raw materials and commodities, which  
represent a significant part of the budget.  
These input costs may be subject to price  
volatility risk resulting from unpredictable  
and significant fluctuations on the market.  
This risk arises from various factors,  
including changes in supply and demand,  
geopolitical events and disruptions and  
market speculations. NKT is facing the  
challenge of managing the inherent  
Supply chain presents a critical area to  
NKT´s operations. Supply interruption and  
raw material availability risk pertains to the  
uncertainty associated with the acces-  
sibility and adequacy of raw materials  
essential for manufacturing and opera-  
tional processes. This risk is influenced by  
factors such as market dynamics, geopo-  
litical events affecting supply chains, envi-  
ronmental conditions impacting resource  
extraction, regulatory changes and limited  
number of suppliers. These disruptions  
can lead to increased costs, production  
bottlenecks and potential challenges in  
meeting customer demand.  
uncertainty in pricing of commodities and  
raw materials, which can affect the overall  
financial performance.  
■
■
■
■
■
Mitigation  
Risk management activities covering all  
the project phases.  
Adequate balancing of insurance,  
contract provisions and pre-production  
testing.  
Production float and contingency plans  
to absorb potential delays.  
Strategic planning of workforce,  
including proactive ramp-up and  
training of skilled employees.  
Project and risk management  
processes covering investment  
projects.  
Monitoring and evaluation program to  
track performance of the investment  
activity.  
Operational excellence programs and  
monitoring of operational performance  
for critical equipment and processes.  
Robust maintenance programs across  
production and testing.  
Monitoring of commodity price indexes  
and forecasts.  
Hedging mechanisms for commodities,  
components and services.  
Forecasting tools to predict price index  
developments.  
Contractual provisions with customers  
and suppliers to address price volatil-  
ities in the ongoing business relation-  
ships.  
Material risk assessment.  
Monitoring the performance and relia-  
bility of key suppliers and availability of  
raw materials and components.  
Close working relationship with identi-  
fied key suppliers to reduce risks and  
maintain inventory control.  
Investigating and qualifying alternative  
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
Contingency plans in place to respond  
to incidents and unplanned disruptions.  
■
■
Due diligence process of supply chain  
■
■
and contingency planning for potential  
adverse scenarios and unplanned  
disruptions.  
sourcing opportunities.  
 
26  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
02 Group review and markets  
Risk  
identification  
New competitors  
entering home markets dynamics  
Market  
Cyber  
risk  
Compliance  
Product  
claims  
Risk  
description  
Europe remains a core market for NKT  
within the high-voltage segment. The risk  
of new competitors entering this market  
– despite the high technological require-  
ments that exist within especially the DC  
segment – encompasses the exposure to  
adverse impacts on NKT’s market share,  
profitability, and competitive positioning.  
This risk arises from factors such as  
changes in market dynamics, increased  
cost considerations, evolving consumer  
preferences, technological advancements  
or regulatory changes. Entrance of new  
competitors can intensify competition,  
and a need for strategic adaptations.  
NKT operates on competitive markets  
As most other companies, NKT is  
dependent on IT infrastructure to maintain  
its operations. Cyber risks represents  
harm or loss arising from the compromise  
of business-critical IT systems in produc-  
tion or key business administrative func-  
tions, networks or digital assets impacting  
an organization's data confidentiality,  
integrity and system availability. At its  
core, potential consequences of such a  
threat may be production interruption with  
subsequent financial and reputational  
impact.  
Compliance with legal and regulatory  
requirements presents one of the key  
business functions in NKT. Compliance  
risk refers to potential financial, legal, and  
reputational consequences including  
possible exclusion from tenders an  
organization may face due to its failure to  
comply with applicable laws, regulations,  
internal policies and industry standards.  
For NKT such risks may, among other,  
relate to anti-bribery and anti-corruption  
regulations, competition law, data privacy  
and trade controls.  
NKT operates extensive testing and  
quality control programs to ensure the  
delivery of high quality products to its  
customers. Product claims represent the  
risks faced by the company in terms of  
potential problems with product perfor-  
mance, safety, quality or other similar  
issues, which may result in legal chal-  
lenges, financial losses and damage to  
the company’s reputation.  
exposing the company to risks of adverse  
effects resulting from the inherent and  
unpredictable changes in the condi-  
tions and forces influencing the various  
markets. These changes may include  
alterations in consumer preferences,  
shifts in demand and supply, technolog-  
ical advancements, regulatory modifica-  
tions and competitive pressures. The risk  
may arise from the potential difficulties in  
adapting adequately to swiftly evolving  
market conditions, leading to challenges  
in maintaining market share, profitability  
and competitive position.  
■
■
■
■
■
Mitigation  
Monitoring of the global market and  
Monitoring of macro- and microeco-  
Monitoring of developments within  
Monitoring of regulatory developments  
Monitoring of potential failures in  
macro-economic developments and  
dynamics and regulatory developments  
impacting cross-regional activities and  
threatening the fair and equal trade  
principles on the market.  
nomic developments, general market  
conditions and the competitive land-  
scape.  
Establishing focused working groups,  
qualifying new markets and strength-  
ening NKT’s value proposition.  
the cybercrime landscape and of the  
robustness and stability of the IT infra-  
structure and security.  
and risk exposure.  
Compliance programme and proce-  
dures ensuring compliance with regula-  
tions and the ethical principles in the  
NKT Code of Conduct.  
production and/or product designs.  
Continuous strengthening of quality  
awareness and control procedures  
throughout the production and cable  
laying operations.  
Systematic and structured root cause  
analysis of product issues and imple-  
mentation of corrective actions.  
■
■
■
■
Strengthening of cyber security,  
IT governance and infrastructure,  
including adequate security controls,  
monitoring processes of improvement  
actions and incident response capa-  
bility.  
■
■
■
Focus on quality, technical and product  
Globally accessible whistle blower  
■
innovation and R&D, including building  
technological advances that are  
necessary to operate in high-voltage  
DC segment.  
Research and development of product  
portfolio to assure market position.  
hotline allowing both NKT employees  
and third parties to report potential  
concerns.  
Enforcement of zero tolerance for  
breach.  
■
■
Engagement in industry associations  
to support policy-making processes  
ensuring fair competition within Euro-  
pean market for European and non-  
European based companies alike.  
■
Continued focus on sustainability of  
company's offered solutions.  
 
27  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
Business  
lines  
28 Business line organization  
29 Solutions  
36 Applications  
41 Service & Accessories  
03  
 
28  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
03 Business lines  
Business line organization  
NKT’s three business lines provide customers with full turnkey solutions across  
voltage levels and have the following main focus areas.  
Solutions  
Specialized in high-voltage power cable solutions for  
on- and offshore installation  
Applications  
Focused on low-and medium-voltage power cable  
technology and building wires  
Service & Accessories  
On- and offshore power cable services and wide  
range of accessories for medium- and high-voltage  
power cable systems  
Revenue*,  
EUR  
Revenue*,  
EUR  
10%  
Revenue*,  
EUR  
58%  
32%  
638m  
200m  
1,151m  
Operational EBITDA*,  
EUR  
Operational EBITDA*,  
EUR  
Operational EBITDA*,  
EUR  
23%  
7%  
70%  
59m  
19m  
182m  
* Revenue (std. metal prices) in 2023 (% of total NKT revenue) and Operational EBITDA in 2023 (% of total NKT operational EBITDA).  
The figures exclude intersegment transactions and non-allocated costs.  
 
29  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
03 Business lines  
Offshore AC and DC  
power cable solutions  
1
2
3
Solutions  
Onshore AC and DC  
power cable solutions  
The need for more modern and interconnected power grids, capable of  
meeting structurally higher demand for electricity, continues to be a key  
growth driver for Solutions. In 2023, NKT delivered double-digit organic  
growth in revenues and operational EBITDA, driven by satisfactory  
execution and previous investments in additional capacity and  
capabilities. The high-voltage order backlog reached a new record-high  
level with improved overall contractual conditions, and NKT launched  
a large investment program in May 2023 to support further profitable  
growth.  
Installation offshore and  
onshore  
Factories  
Business line overview  
The two factories complement each other when  
allocating incoming projects. In Karlskrona, the  
strategic focus is on offshore projects; while  
Cologne focuses on onshore projects. Solutions  
also has a cable-laying vessel, NKT Victoria,  
allowing NKT to offer complete end-to-end  
turnkey solutions that are increasingly requested  
by customers.  
Solutions is the largest business line in NKT  
and serves the global high-voltage power cable  
market. The business line’s broad offering  
covers technology leading solutions across  
voltage levels and technological specifications.  
NKT has built up competencies within this  
market for more than 130 years with numerous  
projects successfully delivered.  
The two production sites are located  
in Karlskrona, Sweden and Cologne,  
Germany  
2
1
Solutions has two high-voltage factories, in Karls-  
krona, Sweden and in Cologne, Germany.  
The solutions offered mainly cover:  
Vessel  
■
■
Interconnectors  
Offshore wind  
Power-from-shore  
Underground  
3
■
■
One cable-laying vessel, NKT  
Victoria. In operation since 2017  
 
30  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
03 Business lines  
Market development in 2023  
High-voltage market  
After a record-high EUR 8bn in addressable  
contracts were awarded in 2022, demand for  
high-voltage power cable solutions accelerated  
further in 2023, which was an unprecedented  
year in terms of market activity. NKT estimates  
that the value of projects awarded in its address-  
able high-voltage power cable market exceeded  
EUR 15bn in 2023.  
Market overview  
The high-voltage power cable market mainly  
encompasses projects that are engineered  
to order and require a high level of expertise  
for successful implementation. Projects often  
require new R&D solutions, as well as invest-  
ments in both technology and production.  
The market can be divided further into two  
categories with differing characteristics and  
market dynamics. DC (Direct Current) solutions  
are primarily used for long-distance projects, as  
this technology has lower losses compared to  
AC (Alternating Current) technology. Both can be  
applied offshore or onshore.  
In addition to the projects awarded above,  
several long-term booking commitments were  
allocated, mainly in the form of framework  
agreements. These commitments were esti-  
mated to have a value exceeding another EUR  
15bn, bringing the total level of market activity to  
above EUR 30bn in 2023. These capacity reser-  
vations are typically of a slot booking nature and  
will as such materialize as firm order intake in the  
following year(s) once final contracts are signed  
by the parties. Sustainability and Electrification  
megatrends continued to drive record-high  
demand.  
In general terms, DC power cables are more  
complex; and require higher technological capa-  
bilities compared to AC. Furthermore, offshore  
solutions are generally more complex than  
onshore due to more challenging installation  
conditions.  
More than 90% of the projects awarded in the  
market (including long-term booking commit-  
ments) were based on DC technology, while the  
balance was AC. Geographically, the majority of  
projects were awarded in Europe, with the US  
market also contributing.  
As the distance between energy generation  
and consumption has increased, demand for  
power transmission over longer distances has  
grown. Additionally, power cable systems have  
also gradually been expected to transmit more  
power to support the increased electrification of  
society. These developments have increased the  
demand for DC technology relative to AC.  
 
31  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
03 Business lines  
Market outlook  
Investment program launched to  
NKT anticipates that its average addressable  
high-voltage market in the period between 2024  
and 2030 will be above EUR 10bn per year. The  
timing of actual project awards will continue to  
depend on various project-specific factors that  
can impact individual years in terms of actual  
order intake. In 2024, there is a strong potential  
that the market size will again be higher than  
the anticipated average for the period. This  
will continue to depend on the development of  
sizable projects and large, multi-year framework  
agreements. Individual contracts can be sizable  
and may cause individual years to fluctuate.  
support further profitable growth  
Supported by a strong order intake, NKT  
announced the largest investment program in  
company history in May 2023. In order to deliver  
on a record-high order backlog and capitalize  
on a growing high-voltage market, NKT will  
invest approx. EUR 1bn to materially increase  
production capacity and capabilities. The  
investment program will cover the construction  
of a new factory – adding end-to-end production  
capacity next to NKT’s existing facility – as well  
as a new, market-leading cable-laying vessel.  
Upon successful completion of the investment  
program, Karlskrona will become the world’s  
largest high-voltage offshore cable production  
site.  
In December 2023, the EU commission  
published a report, the EU Action Plan for Grids,  
where it concluded that EUR 584bn in invest-  
ments are needed this decade to ensure that  
Europe’s power distribution grids can enable  
the transition to renewable energy. Similar  
conclusions were found by the IEA, which stated  
that the world must add or replace 80 million  
kilometres of grid infrastructure by 2040 – equal  
to all global grid infrastructure today – to meet  
national climate targets and support energy  
security  
Capital expenditures under the investment  
program began in 2nd half 2023, and will  
continue until the new assets expectedly  
gradually will be operational from 2027. As a  
consequence of the investment program, NKT  
upgraded and extended its medium-term finan-  
cial ambitions in May 2023. These can be found  
on page 12.  
DC technology are expected to constitute the  
majority of awards going forward. As more  
offshore windfarms are gradually connected, the  
AC technology share of the market is expected  
to maintain its relevance. Future awards are  
expected to span across various segments,  
mainly within interconnectors and offshore wind.  
demand for power cable systems. Other geog-  
raphies remain less developed, however NKT  
continues to see mid-to-long-term opportuni-  
ties emerging. In the US, NKT anticipates that  
offshore wind – despite its recent challenges –  
will become increasingly relevant in the years to  
come. In Asia, renewable energy is increasingly  
being integrated into power grids, which will in  
turn continue to benefit the power cable market.  
These developments will lift the global power  
cable market based on a broader foundation.  
As the demand for power transmission over  
longer distances has increased, DC technology  
has rapidly become the industry standard for  
high capacity transmission power cables. For  
this reason, power cable solutions based on  
Geographically, NKT expects most project  
awards to be in Europe, where robust political  
ambitions and a more mature market drive  
 
32  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
03 Business lines  
Financial development  
Highlights in 2023  
1,151m 59% 182m  
■
Significant organic growth in revenues  
and earnings  
Revenue*, EUR  
(2022: EUR 750m)  
Organic growth  
(2022: 21%)  
Operational EBITDA, EUR  
(2022: EUR 106m)  
■
Record-high order intake and high-  
voltage order backlog driven by  
project awards across geographies  
Increased revenues driven by backlog  
execution and capacity expansion  
in 2022. This strong performance was in line  
with continued growth in recent years, reflecting  
a combination of higher asset utilisation and  
gradually improved project margins. NKT’s oper-  
ational EBITDA margin* improved from 14.1% in  
2022 to 15.8% in 2023, driven by satisfactory  
execution of projects throughout the year.  
sioning of the first phase of the Dogger Bank  
Wind Farm, where NKT delivered a 320 HVDC  
power cable system for Dogger Bank A, which  
was the first HVDC cable system implemented  
for an offshore wind farm in the UK. Additionally,  
NKT completed the high-voltage power cable  
systems connecting six offshore platforms  
located at Utsira High to onshore power supply  
in Norway. The cable systems play a central role  
in reducing carbon emissions from the Norwe-  
gian continental shelf, which are expected to be  
reduced by 1.2 million tonnes, annually.  
■
Continued high tender activity across  
market segments  
Solutions revenues* increased by EUR 402m  
compared to 2022, corresponding to organic  
growth of 59%. This was driven by satisfactory  
execution of orders awarded in recent years  
covering several power cable solutions; as well  
as a previous capacity expansion investment  
program of around EUR 90m that was success-  
fully concluded and began contributing to the  
financial performance in Q4 2023.  
■
Launch of major investment program  
to support further profitable growth  
In 2023, NKT further progressed several  
projects through different stages of execution.  
These included interconnector projects, such  
as Attica-Crete, Champlain Hudson Power  
Express, Hertel-NY, Shetland, SuedLink, and  
SuedOstLink. Within offshore wind, the largest  
contributors were Baltic Power, Borwin 5,  
Dogger Bank A, B and C as well as Ostwind 2,  
while various power-from-shore projects further  
progressed.  
Revenues measured in market prices amounted  
to EUR 1,313m in 2023 compared to EUR 867m  
in 2022.  
NKT Victoria, the company’s cable-laying vessel,  
had satisfactory deployment in 2023. This  
constituted a variety of assignments relating to  
project installations, the majority of which were  
located in the UK and Norway.  
Increased operational EBITDA and  
continued margin expansion  
Higher revenues* and a continued focus on prof-  
itability saw operational EBITDA increase to a  
new high of EUR 182m in 2023 from EUR 106m  
In 2023, NKT completed a number of high-  
voltage projects. This included the commis-  
* Standard metal prices.  
 
33  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
03 Business lines  
Record-high order intake  
Notable high-voltage project awards for NKT in 2023  
NKT was awarded high-voltage projects with  
a combined value of approximately EUR 7bn  
in 2023. This record-high contracting success  
demonstrates NKT’s industry leading high  
voltage capabilities and close relationships with  
its customers. NKT is now firmly entrenched as  
a key supplier for the continued development of  
European energy infastructure.  
Project name  
Customer Type  
Announced  
Size (EURm)  
Type  
50Hertz HVDC projects (GER)  
Baltic Power (POL)  
TSO  
Developer  
Developer  
TSO  
Sep 2023  
Jun 2023  
Jun 2023  
May 2023  
Mar 2023  
Mar 2023  
~3,500  
>120  
Interconnector / offshore wind  
Offshore wind  
East Anglia 3 (UK)  
>250  
Offshore wind  
Biscay Gulf Interconnector (FR/SPA)  
Hornsea 3 (UK)  
>600  
~500  
~2000  
Interconnector  
Developer  
TSO  
Offshore wind  
Notable order awards in 2023 include:  
Ijmuiden Ver Beta, Gamma and Nederwiek 2 (NL)  
Offshore wind  
■
NKT was awarded three turnkey high-voltage  
power cable projects for the Ijmuiden Ver,  
Beta, and Nederwiek Offshore wind Zones  
in the Netherlands by the Dutch-German  
Transmission System Operator, TenneT. NKT  
will design, produce, install, and commission  
525kV XLPE HVDC on- and offshore power  
cable systems, with total installed capacity of  
6 GW.  
■
venture between the Spanish transmission  
system operator, Red Eléctrica, and its French  
counterpart, Réseau Transport d’Électricité.  
NKT was awarded a record order for five  
power cable projects with German Transmis-  
sion System Operator, 50Hertz. NKT is to  
provide 525kV XLPE HVDC on- and offshore  
power cable systems for the ongoing devel-  
opment of the German power grid. The five  
projects have a combined value of approx.  
EUR 3.5bn which set a new company record  
for NKT.  
This is composed of:  
■
A multi-year framework agreement with  
Tennet to provide several 525 kV HVDC on-  
and offshore power cable systems, with firm  
commitments for three specific projects: the  
Dutch offshore wind farms, Nederwiek 3 and  
Doordewind 1 & 2, with total installed capacity  
of 6 GW. The contracts are expected to be  
called off in 2025 and will have a combined  
value of approx. EUR 1.5 bn, which covers the  
majority of the project scope. The framework  
agreement runs until 2028, with possible  
extension until 2031. Additional projects could  
be added under the framework agreement.  
■
NKT was awarded the turnkey power cable  
order for the East Anglia THREE offshore  
wind farm from the project developers Scot-  
tishPower Renewables. The 320 kV HVDC  
export power cable system comprises design,  
manufacturing, and installation for 1.4 GW of  
capacity.  
■
NKT signed a supply contract for the delivery  
of a 320kV DC on- and offshore export cable  
system for the Hornsea 3 project in the UK,  
which is being developed by Ørsted. The  
contract will comprise the design, manufac-  
turing, jointing and termination of power cable  
systems.  
In addition to the projects included in the  
backlog above, NKT also added booking  
commitments during 2023. As not yet firmly  
fixed, these commitments are not recognized  
in the order backlog, however they have a  
combined value above EUR 2.5bn.  
■
NKT signed a contract to supply offshore  
export power cables for Baltic Power, the first  
major offshore wind farm in Poland, awarded  
by Baltic Power Sp. Z.o.o. NKT will design and  
produce a 230 kV HVAC power cable system  
with total installed capacity of up to 1.2 GW.  
■
NKT signed a contract to supply the turnkey  
■
400kV HVDC power cable project, Biscay Gulf  
Interconnector, to connect France and Spain.  
The contract was awarded by INELFE, a joint  
Capacity reservation agreements for two  
Scottish transmission link projects, Western  
Isles and Spittal-Peterhead. The agreements  
 
34  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
03 Business lines  
“In 2023, we have demonstrated our leading high voltage  
capabilities with a record-high order intake, driven by the  
green transition. With an order backlog that has more  
than doubled since 2022 and the launch of our largest ever  
investment program, we are well positioned to meet rapidly  
growing demand for high-voltage power cable systems.”  
Darren Fennell and Lukas Sidler  
Executive Vice Presidents, Heads of HV Solutions Karlskrona and Cologne  
with SSEN Transmission, the Scottish Trans-  
mission System Operator, ensure production  
and offshore installation capacity for the  
525kV XLPE HVDC power cable systems.  
NKT estimates the combined value of these  
two projects to be above EUR 1bn. In addition,  
the parties intend to enter into a framework  
agreement for future projects.  
order backlog more than doubled compared to  
end-2022.  
Expected execution of high-voltage order  
backlog (EUR 10.8bn) at end-2023  
Approximately 26-29% of the high-voltage order  
backlog is expected to be executed in 2024 and  
2025, and the remaining balance in 2026 and  
beyond.  
"Remaining balance"  
The composition of the order backlog divided  
by customer type was more than 75% with large  
European Transmission System Operators.  
Divided by application, the backlog consisted  
of around 50% interconnectors, around 45%  
offshore wind projects, and around 5% power-  
from-shore projects.  
High-voltage order backlog  
at a record level  
At the end of 2023, the high-voltage order  
backlog was a record-high EUR 10.8bn (EUR  
9.5bn in std. metal prices). Driven by the highest  
annual order intake in company history, the  
~26-29%  
2024-25  
2026 and onwards  
 
35  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
03 Business lines  
Solutions to grow with attractive market opportunities  
and maintain HVDC technology leadership  
ReNew BOOST strategy  
Solutions will grow with the record-high level of  
attractive market opportunities, which continue  
to be driven by the green transition and the  
growth of renewable energy projects. The  
primary focus remains on NKT’s core European  
market, where the company plays an important  
role in enabling its long-standing customers  
to meet their own green transition targets and  
plans. In 2023, NKT announced the largest  
investment program in company history, which  
will expand production capacity at its Karlskrona  
location and meaningfully increase its cable  
laying vessel capabilities.  
Solutions will continue to build upon its HVDC  
technology leading position to enable the further  
decarbonisation of societies. An additional focus  
will also be on dynamic power cable solutions to  
facilitate expected future demand from floating  
offshore wind farms, as well as deep-water  
applications to allow longer interconnectors and  
more widely used power-from-shore solutions.  
With the announced expansion plans and  
further market growth prospects, NKT places  
a strong emphasis on ensuring that competent  
employees can be attracted and retained. This  
is key for meeting NKT’s medium term ambitions  
and to deliver further profitable growth in the  
years to come.  
Outside of Europe, NKT will selectively pursue  
opportunities in markets and portfolios that  
represent interesting footprint and/or capability  
extensions. In Q1 2023, NKT entered into a joint  
venture agreement with the Taiwanese cable  
company, Walsin Lihwa, to provide technical  
support for the construction of the first subsea  
power cable factory in Taiwan. The factory will  
produce high- and medium-voltage AC power  
cables, mainly for the Taiwanese offshore wind  
market. In addition, the agreement also included  
a Service Agreement for the construction of the  
factory and a Technology License Agreement  
licensing NKT technology to the joint venture.  
Let’s grow  
Let's innovate  
Let's drive sustainability  
Focus on people and  
competences  
Focus on high-voltage DC  
and AC segments in Europe,  
participate in selected global  
opportunities  
Simplify operations and  
product portfolio to increase  
competitiveness  
Leading provider of green  
and sustainable solutions  
Maintain leadership in HVDC  
technology and develop  
floating wind, deep-sea, and  
higher voltage systems  
Execute investment  
program to expand capacity  
in line with market growth,  
maintain long-term average  
market share  
 
36  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
03 Business lines  
Applications  
Factories  
The six primary production sites are located in:  
Asnaes, Denmark  
Power distribution infrastructure across Europe is in need of continuous reinforcement,  
replacement, and expansion. Additionally, increasing electrification and the ongoing  
transition to renewable energy are important growth drivers for low- and medium-voltage  
power cable markets. Through Applications, NKT is well positioned to capitalize on these  
growth trends. In 2023, Applications improved its financial performance, posting double-  
digit growth in revenues and operational EBITDA. Profitability continued to strengthen,  
driven by strong demand for power grid and renewable energy technology, as well as  
previously launched efficiency initiatives.  
Falun, Sweden  
Kladno, Czech Republic  
Runcorn, United Kingdom  
Velké Meziříčí, Czech Republic  
Warszowice, Poland  
Business line overview  
Poland, Sweden and the UK. Each produc-  
tion site is focusing on one or more market  
segments. The customer relationship in Appli-  
cations is based on long-term collaboration  
with several industry partners and NKT's ability  
to operate in dynamic markets. NKT holds a  
leading position in parts of Northern, Central and  
Eastern Europe.  
Applications covers NKT’s medium- and low-  
voltage power cable solutions, as well as a minor  
position within telecom power cables. The product  
offering is broad, supporting both the building  
sector and European power grids to meet growing  
demand for renewable energy and electricity.  
3
4
2
Applications’ six main production sites are  
located across Czech Republic, Denmark,  
3
1
Medium-voltage cables  
1kV cables  
Building wires  
Telecom power cables  
1
2
3
4
1
 
37  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
03 Business lines  
Demand for low-voltage power cables and  
building wires is generally more reliant on the  
macroeconomic environment and construc-  
tion sentiment. Over time, the market will be  
supported by the urbanization, electrifica-  
tion, and energy renovation of residential and  
non-residential buildings.  
This was driven by an economic slowdown in  
Europe, with high inflation and increasing interest  
rates negatively impacting market activity. NKT  
remains focused on mitigating the impact of  
market headwinds for this segment.  
distribution grids are over 40 years old; and that  
significant investments are needed this decade  
to ensure the green transition of Europe. Conse-  
quently, NKT expects that market growth will  
remain high in the coming years compared to a  
growth rate of around 2% on average per year  
that has been recorded from 2019-2022.  
Low- and medium-voltage  
market  
Market overview  
Offerings across medium-and low-voltage  
markets are less complex than those in the high-  
voltage market. The market is more fragmented;  
and products are mainly “made-to stock” with  
differing specifications and designs from coun-  
try-to-country. This means that the competitive  
landscape is characterized by more local and  
regional competitors capable of complying with  
local technical regulations.  
Market outlook  
Overall, the forward-looking prospects for the  
medium-and low-voltage markets where NKT  
operates are positive, driven by the ongoing  
development of sustainable megatrends.  
The telecom market is being positively impacted  
by the ongoing global rollout of the 5G telecom  
network.  
The market for building wires and construc-  
tion-exposed 1kV power cables is expected to  
be challenged in 2024. This is largely due to the  
macroeconomic environment that has impacted  
market activity negatively since 2nd half 2022.  
The longer-term picture for the market remains  
positive, while the short-term sentiment is chal-  
lenging to predict.  
The market for fire-resistant power cables is  
benefitting from the increased focus on safety  
across Europe.  
The positive market sentiment for medi-  
um-voltage power cables is expected to  
continue in 2024 and beyond. Recent reports  
suggest that over 40% of Europe’s power  
Medium-voltage power cable demand is  
primarily driven by the need for electrification  
and the transition to more renewable energy  
sources. In this segment, power cables are  
primarily used for the continuous reinforcement  
and expansion of the power distribution grid.  
NKT sees a structural increase in the demand,  
driven by charging stations for electric vehicles,  
heat pumps, and the general electrification and  
digitalisation of society.  
Market development in 2023  
In 2023, market development varied across  
segments and geographies.  
The market for medium-voltage power cables  
remained strong in 2023. The transition to  
renewable energy and ongoing electrification of  
societies continued to positively influence the  
level of investments made by grid operators. In  
turn, this positively impacted the power distri-  
bution grid segment, which saw continued high  
demand throughout the year.  
The transition to renewable energy sources  
is expected to include significant capacity  
increases within onshore wind and solar power  
generation. This is expected to accelerate in  
Europe to support energy self-sufficiency and  
thereby drive the demand for low-and medi-  
um-voltage power cables.  
The market for building wires and construc-  
tion-exposed 1kV power cables stabilized at  
lower levels in 2023 compared to 2nd half 2022.  
 
38  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
03 Business lines  
Financial development  
Highlights in 2023  
638m 15% 58.7m  
■
Double-digit growth in revenues and  
operational EBITDA  
Revenue*, EUR  
(2022: EUR 552m)  
Organic growth  
(2022: 19%)  
Operational EBITDA, EUR  
(2022: EUR 28.5m)  
■
Continued improved financial perfor-  
mance across medium-voltage  
business driven by sustainable  
megatrends  
■
Construction exposed business stabi-  
lized at lower level relative to second  
half of 2022  
Increased revenues driven by price  
adjustments and higher volumes  
In 2023, Applications increased revenue* by  
EUR 86m compared to 2022, corresponding  
to organic growth of 15%. This was driven by  
higher volumes and price adjustments that were  
implemented to compensate for inflationary  
pressure.  
Double-digit growth in operational EBITDA  
A higher revenue level, combined with previously  
launched efficiency initiatives, saw operational  
EBITDA more than double to a record-high  
level of EUR 58.7m in 2023. As a result, the  
operational EBITDA margin* was 9.2% in 2023,  
against 5.2% in 2022.  
bility. In addition, production of the lower range  
of high-voltage power cables commenced in  
Czech Republic in 2023, after this was moved  
from NKT’s high-voltage production site in  
Cologne, Germany.  
■
Positive outlook for continued expan-  
sion of power distribution grid  
In Applications, NKT has experienced increases  
in input prices, which first commenced during  
2022. In order to offset these higher costs, NKT  
has worked intensely with both customers and  
suppliers, adjusting prices to restore profitability  
to a satisfactory level. This led to improved prof-  
itability in 2023 after an unsatisfactorily low level  
in the second half of 2022.  
NKT has implemented various efficiency initi-  
atives in recent years to improve profitability  
and production output in Applications. This  
has included the transfer of production from  
Denmark to the Czech Republic and Poland.  
These initiatives have gradually been imple-  
mented and contributed to improved profita-  
Revenues in market prices amounted to EUR  
1,116m in 2023, compared to EUR 1,067m in  
2022.  
* Standard metal prices.  
 
39  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
03 Business lines  
“We are well-positioned to continue to support the energy transition in  
Europe. Future growth is expected to be driven by the extension and  
strengthening of existing power grids together with the ongoing renewable  
energy transition. In 2023, we have improved our financial performance,  
supported by increasing demand and positive effects from ongoing  
efficiency initiatives.”  
Carlos Fernandez  
Executive Vice President, Head of Applications  
Continued growth across medium-voltage  
business driven by sustainable megatrends  
Positive developments in the power distribution  
grid market continued to benefit NKT due to the  
company’s presence within medium-voltage  
and other power cable solutions exposed to  
this segment. This was a key driver for revenue  
growth in 2023, with broad-based contributions  
across various geographies. Denmark, Germany  
and Poland were the largest contributors. Effi-  
ciency initiatives have seen increases in output  
from production sites running at high capacity  
utilization.  
NKT recorded a more modest revenue growth  
development within building wires and construc-  
tion exposed 1kV power cables in 2023. This  
was reflected in mixed performance across  
geographies in continuation of market conditions  
that weakened in 2nd half 2022.  
The financial performance within fire-resistant  
power cables was flat compared to 2022.  
The development in the residential part of the  
business was challenged by macroeconomic  
conditions, while infrastructure related business  
developed more favourably.  
The telecom business saw revenue decline in  
2023, however the outlook for the coming years  
is positive due to the continued roll-out of the 5G  
network.  
 
40  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
03 Business lines  
Future Applications performance will be driven by  
growth and further operational improvements  
ReNew BOOST strategy  
Applications will continue to grow its business  
and take advantage of an attractive market  
outlook in Europe. This includes opportunities  
that will arise from expected growth within  
onshore wind and solar power generation.  
Furthermore, the strengthening and expansion  
of distribution and local electrical grids are  
expected to maintain robust demand for medi-  
um-voltage technology.  
In 2023, several factory portfolio optimization  
programs have come into effect with further  
investments across Applications’ medium-  
voltage portfolio. The relocation of the lower  
range of high-voltage power cables from  
Cologne, Germany, to Velké Meziříčí, Czech  
Republic, was completed in 2023, and further  
efforts in developing the site are ongoing.  
Over the past years, NKT has focused on oper-  
ational and commercial excellence in order to  
improve profitability. These efforts will continue,  
ensuring an optimised market presence and  
pricing strategies to improve profitability with a  
cost efficient production setup and a disciplined  
focus on cash generation.  
NKT will selectively - and in a disciplined manner  
- invest in attractive opportunities, including:  
capacity expansions through debottlenecking;  
as well as the addition of new lines to existing  
sites to selectively increase output based on  
market opportunities. Currently, this is focused  
on medium-voltage sites. In addition, the  
product portfolio is expected to expand with a  
strong offering of renewable and telecom power  
cable solutions.  
Let’s grow  
Let's innovate  
Let's drive sustainability  
Increase focus on servicing  
the renewable market to  
Maintain market share  
in core markets while  
increasing presence in  
non-core markets  
Continue improvements and  
digitalization of operational  
and commercial excellence  
support the green transition  
Expand product portfolio  
of renewables and telecom  
power cable solutions  
Invest selectively into  
debottlenecking of existing  
sites and adding capacity  
 
41  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
03 Business lines  
Service & Accessories  
Service Accessory  
hubs factories  
Power cable services and accessories are crucial aspects of the power  
cable value chain. The Service & Accessories business line is - to a  
large degree - dependent on the same market drivers as Solutions and  
Applications. Despite limited offshore repair work in 2023, the financial  
performance was maintained at an acceptable level. Strong strategic  
progress achieved throughout the year has NKT well-positioned to  
further capitalise on strong demand in 2024 and beyond.  
NKT has service hubs globally.  
The main sites are in:  
Brøndby, Denmark  
The main accessory production sites are located  
in Alingsås, Sweden, and Nordenham, Germany  
Gdansk, Poland  
Karlskrona, Sweden  
Troisdorf, Germany  
Power cable accessory offerings  
Terminations  
Connect cable ends to consumers  
or overhead lines  
Connectors  
Business Line Overview  
Power cable accessories are an essential link  
in the power chain, connecting electricity trans-  
mission systems. NKT develops, produces and  
installs a wide range of high- and medium-voltage  
power cable accessories for use in various  
offshore and onshore applications – including  
power cable joints, connectors, and terminations.  
Accessories are primarily produced at three  
production sites in Germany, India, and Sweden.  
Connect cable ends to  
switchgear or transformer  
Service & Accessories offers a variety of  
offshore and onshore power cable accessories  
and services to maximise the utilisation – and  
ensure the reliability and long-term performance  
– of power cable systems.  
Joints  
Connect two cable ends  
NKT offers power cable services for both the  
offshore and onshore markets and is a trusted  
partner throughout the lifecycle of a power cable  
system. NKT has leading capabilities within  
repair, maintenance, and operations services.  
NKT’s service organisation is predominantly  
located in Denmark, Germany, Poland, Sweden  
and the UK.  
 
42  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
03 Business lines  
The stability and reliability of the power grid is  
often determined by the quality of power cable  
accessories and installation. The accessories  
market for medium-voltage power cables is  
more fragmented than the market for high-  
voltage power cable accessories requiring more  
complex solutions.  
Market for power cable  
services and accessories  
Market overview  
Power cable services  
The onshore market is served by different  
providers, including local companies, multina-  
tionals, and some cable operators themselves.  
The market for onshore power cable services  
is driven by the need to maintain ageing infra-  
structure, particularly legacy technologies such  
as oil-filled and gas-filled power cables, but also  
for grid modernisation, extension, and general  
repair.  
Market development in 2023  
Power cable services  
Power grid modernisation and extensions  
continued to drive demand for services and  
service agreements in 2023. Offshore repair  
services were limited in 2023, compared to  
average levels in previous years. Offshore repair  
services are, by their nature, challenging to  
forecast.  
In the offshore segment, the tasks can be more  
complex due to the environment in which the  
power cables are installed. Servicing this market  
requires a reliable and comprehensive service  
offering. A growing number of offshore power  
cables will lead to increased demand for repair  
work on these cables in the years to come.  
The urgent need for service that arises when a  
failure occurs, supports the demand for service  
agreements with cable owners to ensure a fast  
process when required.  
The unstable global geopolitical situation has  
seen an increased focus and need to secure  
critical infrastructure such as power cables.  
This has resulted in increased demand for cable  
monitoring services.  
the ongoing upgrades of power cable solutions  
have required more complex accessories.  
to come; and NKT sees particularly attractive  
growth for the offshore segment as both trends  
accelerate.  
Market Outlook  
Power cable services  
Power cable accessories  
The service market is expected to continue to  
expand in the years ahead due to two major  
growth trends. Firstly, the growth in installation  
of high-voltage power cables is expected to lead  
to higher demand for repair services. Secondly,  
ageing infrastructure is increasingly requiring  
extensive maintenance and, ultimately, decom-  
missioning or replacement. Both are positive  
indicators of the level of demand in the years  
The transition to renewable energy and the  
continued electrification of societies are driving  
strong demand for high- and medium-voltage  
power cable accessories. Initiatives to upgrade  
and maintain power grids in NKT’s addressable  
markets are also increasing the demand for  
power cable accessories. These trends are set  
to continue and the market outlook in the years  
ahead is positive.  
Power cable accessories  
Both the high- and medium-voltage power cable  
accessories markets developed favourably in  
2023. This was closely linked to the positive  
developments observed across the high- and  
medium-voltage power cable markets in 2023;  
which were driven by increased investments  
across the renewable energy space. Additionally,  
Power cable accessories  
Development of the accessories market is  
closely linked to the general development of  
high- and medium-voltage power cable markets.  
 
43  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
03 Business lines  
Financial development  
Highlights in 2023  
200m -2% 18.6m  
■
Slight increase in revenues  
Revenue*, EUR  
(2022 EUR 193m)  
Organic growth  
(2022: -11%)  
Operational EBITDA, EUR  
(2022: EUR 25.7m)  
■
Lower earnings level due to revenue  
mix  
■
Service performance overshadowed  
by limited offshore repair activity  
Slight increase in revenues  
Despite the lower margin, the business line is  
becoming more robust and less dependent on  
service repairs.  
model and a larger geographical footprint  
– progressed well in 2023. In the company’s  
efforts to create sustainable future growth, NKT  
is focusing on gradually expanding its portfolio  
of service agreements. This work continued  
throughout 2023, with agreements being added.  
Furthermore, the service business has built  
capabilities to execute larger projects, which has  
led to additional opportunities across markets.  
■
Improved financials within the  
accessories business  
In 2023, revenues* for Service & Accessories  
increased by EUR 6.3m compared to 2022. The  
development reflected limited offshore repair  
work within the Service business, but positive  
developments within Accessories. Organic  
growth was -2% in 2023.  
Service performance overshadowed  
by limited offshore repair activity  
In 2023, revenues and operational EBITDA  
in the service business were lower than in  
2022. Despite the slowdown in the offshore  
repair segment, other segments continued to  
perform positively, including NKT’s onshore  
business, where the company performed well  
across the majority of its addressable markets.  
This included onshore service repair work, as  
well as a steady level of maintenance projects  
throughout the year.  
Lower earnings level due to revenue mix  
Despite the higher revenue level, operational  
EBITDA decreased to EUR 18.6m in 2023 from  
EUR 25.7m in 2022. As a result, the operational  
EBITDA margin for 2023 was 9.3%, compared  
to 13.3% in 2022. The development in 2023 was  
primarily due to low activity in the offshore repair  
business, with revenue growth delivered by  
Accessories.  
Improved financials within the  
Accessories business  
Revenues and operational EBITDA in the Acces-  
sories business grew in 2023, with improved  
broad-based performance driven by a combina-  
tion of internal enhancements and demand for  
NKT’s high- and medium-voltage accessories.  
Structural growth trends continue to positively  
impact NKT’s Accessories business.  
Previously implemented strategic initiatives –  
designed to create a more robust business  
* Standard metal prices.  
 
44  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
03 Business lines  
“Our power grid is critical infrastructure and power  
cable services and accessories is essential to ensuring  
transmission and distribution security. These businesses will  
benefit from the strong demand in the high- and medium-  
voltage markets. Strategic initiatives continue to progress,  
laying the foundation for future growth across Service &  
Accessories.”  
Axel Barnekow Widmark and Denis Schuler  
Executive Vice Presidents, Heads of Service and Accessories  
The consolidation of NKT’s high-voltage  
position as a turnkey provider of high-voltage  
power cable systems and are expected to lead  
to improved profitability going forward.  
accessories production to the site in Alingsås,  
Sweden, from Cologne, continued throughout  
2023. To meet high demand for high-voltage  
accessories, NKT will expand this production  
site, which will include investments in a new test  
hall, an office building to house an increasing  
employee base, and to expand production  
capacity. These efforts will strengthen NKT’s  
On the back of this strong market outlook, NKT  
successfully introduced new accessories for the  
offshore wind segment in 2023, which have had  
a positive impact on growth that is expected to  
continue in the years to come.  
 
45  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
03 Business lines  
Future Service & Accessories growth will be driven by  
tailored products and expertise in service offerings  
ReNew BOOST strategy  
The future growth of Service & Accessories will  
be driven by tailored products and expertise in  
complex offerings to customers.  
The Accessories business will grow hand-in-  
hand with Solutions’ record level high-voltage  
order backlog. On the back of a successful  
2023 order intake within HVDC, further capacity  
expansion is in the pipeline, including a new  
HVDC test hall in its high-voltage centre of  
competence in Alingsås, Sweden. Further  
growth opportunities will come from third-party  
customers in new markets such as the Middle  
East, India and other select areas in Asia.  
In the Service business, NKT is progressing on  
its geographical expansion efforts in Australia,  
Poland, the UK, and the US. It continues to  
innovate on installation methods and broaden  
its portfolio of life-extension or replacement of  
power cables reaching end-of-life timelines. NKT  
continues to strengthen and grow the turnkey  
concept and increase relationships with offshore  
customers, ensuring NKT is the preferred option  
when a power cable connection is damaged or  
out of order.  
Growth opportunities will also arise on the back  
of the ongoing renewable energy build-out. NKT  
will update its product portfolio to continue to  
address this market segment.  
Let’s grow  
Increase services to existing  
customers  
Let's innovate  
Strengthen specialized  
competence centers  
Let's drive sustainability  
Focus on people and  
competences  
The Service business also made strong progress  
in 2023, with increasing adoption of long-term  
service agreements, preventive maintenance  
programs and more comprehensive power cable  
monitoring solutions. The expectation is that this  
will continue in 2024 and beyond.  
Expand geographical  
coverage  
Add new products to enter  
further customer segments  
Efficient repairs and  
preventive maintenance  
increases the flow and  
reliability of green power  
Pursue strategic business  
opportunities  
Drive commercial  
excellence, focusing on  
tender processes, pricing  
and efficiency  
Reliable service provider  
enabling the green transition  
 
46  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
Governance  
47 Shareholder information  
49 Corporate Governance  
54 Board of Directors  
04  
57 Group Leadership Team  
 
47  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
04 Governance  
Shareholder information  
NKT A/S shares  
by the effect from the rights issue completed  
The total share capital consists of 53,720,045  
shares, each with a nominal value of DKK 20,  
corresponding to a total nominal share capital of  
DKK 1,074,400,900 (approx. EUR 144m).  
NKT A/S Shareholders at end-2023  
The average daily turnover in NKT A/S shares  
on all trading markets was EUR 20m in 2023,  
against EUR 13m in 2022. The average daily  
trading volume was around 400,000 shares in  
2023, against around 290,000 in the previous  
year. Nasdaq Copenhagen was the main trading  
market for the company’s shares with 36% of  
the total traded volume in 2023.  
in July 2023. The share price return including  
this adjustment was 29% for the period. The  
corresponding dividend-adjusted share price  
returns in the same period for the company’s  
largest European competitors, Prysmian and  
Nexans, were 21% and -4%, respectively. The  
Danish OMXC25 index, adjusted for dividends,  
increased by 10% in 2023.  
4%  
43%  
53%  
Successful completion of rights issue  
In February 2023, NKT announced that it would  
seek to increase share issuance authorization.  
This was subsequently approved at the Annual  
General Meeting in March 2023.  
Registered Danish shareholders  
Registered non-Danish shareholders  
Non-registered shareholders  
At end-2023, the NKT A/S share price was  
DKK 464, compared to DKK 359 at end-2022.  
The historical share price has been adjusted  
NKT A/S was included in the OMX Copenhagen  
25 Index in December 2023 and is also a member  
of the Nasdaq Copenhagen Large Cap index.  
As per company announcement no. 20 of  
8 June 2023, NKT initiated a rights issue  
comprising an offering of 10.7m new shares at  
a subscription price of DKK 255 per new share.  
The proceeds from the rights issue will serve  
as an important part of NKT’s ambition to grow  
further in the years ahead.  
structure allows this. Excess cash may be  
distributed as share buybacks or extraordinary  
dividends. No dividend payment is proposed in  
2024 due to the planned continued execution of  
investments.  
NKT A/S share price development in 2023  
500  
450  
400  
350  
300  
250  
The rights issue was successfully completed  
in July 2023. All new shares offered under the  
rights issue were subscribed for and this led  
to gross proceeds of EUR 368m, which NKT  
received in Q3 2023.  
Shareholder structure  
The NKT A/S share is 100% free float with  
no dominant shareholders. At end-2023,  
the company had approx. 40,800 registered  
shareholders, compared to approx. 31,900 at  
end-2022. At end-2023, 96% of the total share  
capital was registered, on par with the level at  
end-2022. 53% of the share capital was regis-  
tered by Danish shareholders, while 43% was  
registered by shareholders outside of Denmark.  
Dividend policy  
Jan  
2023  
Feb  
2023  
Mar  
2023  
Apr  
2023  
May  
2023  
Jun  
2023  
Jul  
2023  
Aug  
2023  
Sep  
2023  
Oct  
2023  
Nov  
2023  
Dec  
2023  
The dividend policy of NKT A/S targets distribu-  
tion of approximately one third of the net result  
for the year as dividend, provided that the capital  
NKT A/S, DKK  
OMX C25 (rebased), DKK  
Power cable peers (Prysmian and Nexans) (rebased)  
 
48  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
04 Governance  
At end-2023, two NKT A/S investors had  
reported shareholdings of between 5.00–9.99%:  
Persons deemed insiders and their relatives  
may only transact NKT A/S shares during a  
four-week window following the publication of  
financial statements, provided that no inside  
knowledge is possessed.  
In connection with the release of interim and  
annual reports an investor presentation is  
conducted as a live webcast. Financial analysts,  
investors, the media and other stakeholders are  
invited to listen in and ask questions concerning  
the company.  
NKT A/S shares  
– basic data  
■
ATP (Denmark)  
■
Greenvale Capital (UK)  
ID code:  
Listing:  
DK0010287663  
NKT A/S shares held by the Board of  
Directors and Executive Management  
The members of the Board of Directors held a  
total of 58,682 NKT A/S shares at the end of  
2023, corresponding to a total market value of  
EUR 3.7m. Members of the Executive Manage-  
ment team owned 6,037 NKT A/S shares,  
equalling a market value of EUR 0.4m. As part  
of the long-term incentive programme, the  
Executive Management team has been awarded  
performance shares.  
Investor relations  
Nasdaq Copenhagen,  
part of the OMX C25  
index  
NKT A/S seeks to maintain close dialogue  
with the market and its stakeholders by prac-  
tising open, transparent, timely and consistent  
communication. The aim is to ensure that:  
In addition, NKT A/S meets with stakeholders  
at around 200-300 yearly physical and virtual  
meetings in Denmark and internationally, while  
private investors have an opportunity to meet the  
Board of Directors and the Executive Manage-  
ment at the company’s Annual General Meeting.  
Share capital: EUR 144m  
(DKK 1,074m)  
Number of  
shares:  
Nominal value: DKK 20  
■
Timely, relevant and consistent information  
53.7 million  
is provided to all IR stakeholders to form the  
basis of a fair valuation of the NKT share price  
The Investor section on the NKT A/S website  
includes current and historical share information,  
presentations and a list of financial analysts  
who monitor the development in the company’s  
shares. Interested parties can also subscribe to  
news releases.  
Share classes:  
1
■
NKT A/S is perceived as a professional,  
proactive, reliable, accessible and transparent  
company  
Financial  
Calendar 2024  
20 Mar. Annual General Meeting  
08 May Interim Report, Q1 2024  
16 Aug. Interim Report, Q2 2024  
14 Nov. Interim Report, Q3 2024  
■
Relevant IR information is shared with the  
Board of Directors  
More shareholder information is  
available at investors.nkt.com  
Ownership of NKT A/S shares (at end-2023)  
■
Share liquidity and daily trading volume are  
Name  
# of shares  
high and a diversified shareholder base exists  
in terms of investment horizon, investment  
strategy and geographical distribution.  
Board members  
Jens Due Olsen  
51,891  
6,666  
125  
Rene Svendsen-Tune  
Stig Nissen Knudsen  
Executive management  
Claes Westerlind  
3,551  
2,486  
Line Andrea Fandrup  
 
49  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
04 Governance  
Corporate Governance  
member has served for more than 12 years  
Management bodies  
Corporate governance framework  
and is therefore not considered independent as  
defined by the Danish Corporate Governance  
recommendations. A minimum of six ordinary  
Board meetings are held annually.  
The management structure of the NKT Group  
comprises the Board of Directors, the Executive  
Management of the parent company NKT A/S,  
the core leadership team and the Group Leader-  
ship Team.  
Shareholders  
Working  
committee:  
NKT Photonics  
The Board of Directors represents international  
business experience in the areas of industry,  
energy, infrastructure projects, technology, busi-  
ness development and finance and is deemed  
to possess the requisite competencies and  
seniority.  
Audit  
Committee  
Nomination  
Committee  
Remuneration  
Committee  
ESG  
Committee  
The Board of Directors  
The Board of Directors consists of nine  
members. Six members are up for election  
every year at the Annual General Meeting (AGM),  
while three members are elected by the Danish  
employees for a four-year term. Five members  
were re-elected and one new member was  
elected at the AGM in March 2023. The employ-  
ee-elected members were elected in 2022 at  
an ordinary election of employee representa-  
tives. Two new members were elected and one  
member was re-elected.  
Executive Management  
Organisation  
Governance structure  
The Executive Management of the parent  
company, NKT A/S, comprises two people: the  
CEO and the CFO.  
Applicable laws  
and regulations  
Corporate governance  
standards  
Business Code  
of Conduct  
See pages 54–56 for particulars of the Board  
of Directors and see pages 57-58 for the Group  
Leadership Team.  
The AGM-elected Board members comprise  
three females and three males. The three  
employee-elected members comprise one  
female and two males. Of the six AGM-elected  
members, three live in Denmark, two in Finland  
and one in Germany. The following nationali-  
ties are represented: Danish, German, Finnish,  
and Dutch/Turkish. One AGM-elected Board  
 
50  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
04 Governance  
■
■
In 2023, the Board of Directors attended seven  
high-voltage project approval meetings. In addi-  
tion, the Tender Board attended one approval  
meeting.  
To monitor whether the company’s internal  
control and risk management systems are  
properly designed and function effectively  
To monitor the company’s legal compliance  
programme, including the Business Code of  
Conduct, training and whistle-blower scheme  
Committees  
The Board of Directors has appointed a Chair-  
manship (Chair and Deputy Chair of the Board  
of Directors) and five committees: Audit, Remu-  
neration, Nomination, ESG (Environment, Social,  
and Governance) and a NKT Photonics working  
committee. The committees are appointed for  
one year at a time and receive special remunera-  
tion approved by the AGM.  
■
■
To monitor the statutory audit of the annual  
and consolidated financial statements and  
the assurance of the annual and consolidated  
sustainability reporting  
To monitor cybersecurity measures  
Audit Committee  
The Audit Committee monitors the company’s  
risk management, financial and sustainability  
reporting, regulatory compliance and internal  
controls as defined in an annual plan and over-  
sees the work of the external auditors. Its prin-  
cipal tasks are:  
To further monitor the conduct of the principal  
tasks, the Audit Committee perform a self-as-  
sessment of competencies and other quality  
measures on an annual basis.  
■
To monitor the independence of audi-  
tors, including in particular the provision of  
non-audit services to the company  
Together with the Executive Management, the  
Chairmanship and the Audit Committee Chair  
(the Tender Board) or the full Board of Directors  
also acts as final approver in the evaluation of  
the largest high-voltage projects in NKT’s Solu-  
tions business line.  
Monitoring of internal control and risk manage-  
ment systems for financial reporting  
■
■
To monitor the financial and sustainability  
To make recommendations to the Board of  
Directors concerning the election of auditors  
reporting process and compliance with  
The internal control and risk management  
systems for financial reporting are designed to  
ensure that the financial reporting presents a  
true and fair view of the company’s results and  
existing legislation, standards and other regu-  
lations for listed companies relating to pres-  
entation and publication of financial reporting  
Board of Directors  
(16 meetings)  
Audit Committee  
(10 meetings)  
Remuneration Committee  
(5 meetings)  
Nomination Committee  
(6 meetings)  
ESG Committee  
(3 meetings)  
Meetings in 2023  
Jens Due Olsen  
René Svendsen-Tune  
Karla Lindahl  
16/16  
15/16  
11/16  
11/13*  
14/16  
11/16  
16/16  
15/16  
14/16  
1/1 (alternate)  
1/1 (alternate)  
6/6  
3/3  
9/10  
6/9*  
Anne Vedel  
Andreas Nauen  
10/10  
5/5  
5/5  
Nebahat Albayrak  
Pernille Blume Simonsen  
Stig Nissen Knudsen  
Christian Dyhr  
3/3  
* elected/appointed during 2023  
 
51  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
04 Governance  
financial position, without material misstate-  
ments, and in compliance with current financial  
legislation and accounting standards.  
process and covers all material entities. The  
EuroSox framework is furthermore designed  
so that the key controls cover all major financial  
processes in the material subsidiaries.  
function would not be required, as the present  
compliance and controlling structure provides an  
adequate level of overall compliance assurance.  
The company further operates a whistle-blower  
scheme whereby employees and associated  
business partners can report suspected irreg-  
ularities. The Chair of the Audit Committee is  
notified immediately of any incidents reported.  
In the event of incidents of a serious nature, an  
investigation is conducted and, if substantiated,  
appropriate disciplinary sanctions are imple-  
mented.  
Framework  
Scope  
The Audit Committee systematically assesses  
material risks in relation to the financial reporting  
process, as well as compliance with related  
key internal controls. The Committee reviews  
the scope of the internal control system, also  
referred to as EuroSox, and monitors the design  
and the effectiveness of the internal controls on  
an ongoing basis.  
The key controls comprise both manual and  
automated controls. The key controls are system-  
atically tested in conjunction with controller visits  
performed by Group Finance or by external  
auditors. In entities covered by EuroSox, all key  
controls as well as general IT controls are tested  
at least once every three years.  
In 2023, the Audit Committee continued the  
focus on strengthening and expansion of the  
company’s internal controls and compliance  
framework, including the ongoing automation of  
key process controls as well as the timeliness of  
the controls performed. Furthermore, the Audit  
Committee reviewed the company’s policies  
and procedures related to information security,  
treasury and tax.  
Terms of reference for the Audit Committee  
can be found at investors.nkt.com  
Once a year the Audit Committee also assesses  
the need for an internal audit function. It is  
currently the Committee’s opinion that such a  
Remuneration Committee  
The company’s EuroSox framework is designed  
to reduce material risks in the financial reporting  
The Remuneration Committee is responsible  
for establishing the remuneration policy for the  
Board of Directors and the Executive Manage-  
ment of NKT A/S, for proposing changes to  
the remuneration policy and for obtaining the  
approval of the Board of Directors prior to  
seeking shareholders’ approval at the AGM.  
The remuneration policy contains guidelines for  
setting and approving the remuneration for the  
Board of Directors and the Executive Manage-  
ment.  
The Audit Committee also focused on devel-  
oping and strengthening the company’s govern-  
ance, policies, procedures and internal controls  
over sustainability reporting, in preparation for  
the requirements under CSRD and ESRS.  
Compliance  
The Audit Committee performs general super-  
vision of compliance with policies and guide-  
lines related to risk management and financial  
reporting. This covers, among other things,  
policies for accounting, treasury, currency  
and commodity hedging, insurance, financial  
resources and tax.  
The NKT A/S Board of Directors receives a  
fixed salary, while the Executive Management  
receives both a fixed salary and incentive pay.  
This structure ensures commonality of interest  
between the management and shareholders  
and motivates management to achieve the  
company’s strategic goals.  
The Audit Committee also oversees the compli-  
ance programme, including the Business Code  
of Conduct as well as planned training.  
 
52  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
04 Governance  
All parties must receive fair remuneration which  
is commensurate with the duties assigned and  
which represents an attractive incentive for long-  
term commitment.  
Board of Directors’ remuneration  
At the AGM in 2024 the company will propose  
that the remuneration for the Board of Direc-  
tors will be unchanged from 2023. The level is  
deemed competitive and comparable to that  
paid by Danish and European companies of  
similar size and complexity.  
As in previous years, the Board of Directors will  
receive a base fee as well as fees for committee  
duties. The Chair of the Board of Directors will,  
however, not receive additional compensation  
for any committee duties.  
See Section 2.2–2.3 on page 71–72 and  
the remuneration report published at  
investors.nkt.com/corporate-governance/  
statutory-reports  
In addition, the committee prepares and reviews  
succession plans for the Board of Directors and  
the leadership team.  
The Board of Directors also performs an annual  
assessment of the Executive Management  
covering two main areas: interaction between  
the two parties and the competencies and  
performance of the Executive Management.  
This assessment takes the form of a general  
discussion by the Board of Directors, after which  
the assessment findings are communicated by  
the Chairman of the Board of Directors to the  
Executive Management.  
The AGM-elected members of the Board  
of Directors will not participate in any of the  
company’s incentive plans.  
Self-assessments  
Terms of reference for the Remuneration  
Committee and the remuneration policy can  
be found at investors.nkt.com  
The purpose of the annual Board assessment  
is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Board of  
Directors, to define competencies required within  
the Board of Directors, considering the contri-  
bution of the individual members, and to identify  
future areas of focus. The Board assessment for  
2023 was performed in January 2024. Every third  
year the Board assessment is facilitated with  
assistance from external consultants. All other  
years the Board assessment is facilitated with  
internal resources. The Board assessment for  
2023 was facilitated with internal resources.  
Remuneration of the  
Executive Management  
The remuneration of the Executive Management  
consists of a fixed remuneration and short-term  
and long-term incentive pay. The fixed remuner-  
ation is set to be competitive but not excessive.  
The short-term and long-term incentive pay is  
based on financial measures and key perfor-  
mance indicators that directly link to the compa-  
ny’s vision and strategic focus.  
Nomination Committee  
The Nomination Committee defines and  
assesses the qualifications required by the  
Board of Directors, the Executive Management  
and the Group Leadership Team and initiates the  
annual Board assessment.  
Terms of reference for the Nomination  
Committee can be found at  
investors.nkt.com  
 
53  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
04 Governance  
Report on gender diversity according to Section
99b of the Danish Financial Statements Act
This reports on gender diversity with respect to the Board
of Directors of NKT A/S - the parent company - and other
management levels, as required by Section 99b of the
Danish Financial Statements Act.
ESG Committee  
Scope  
ethical decision-making when adopting or
developing new data-driven technologies,
such as the use of AI and similar.
The ESG Committee prepares resolutions  
to be taken by the Board of Directors  
in fulfilling its responsibility for oversight  
of relevant ESG policies, strategies and  
programmes of the company as defined in  
an annual plan. Its principal tasks are:  
At the AGM in 2022, a new ESG  
Committee was established. During 2023,  
the ESG Committee has progressed  
according to the sustainability strategy. In  
this workstream, the ESG Committee has  
provided recommendations to the Board  
of Directors on a number of ESG-related  
matters, including but not limited to: the  
alignment of reporting on sustainability  
matters to comply with ESRS, the imple-  
mentation of a new sustainability data  
reporting tool, and continued progress on  
committed actions to reduce the compa-  
ny’s environmental footprint, and the hiring  
of a new Head of Sustainability.  
Implementation of the data ethics policy
and the strengthening of the data ethics
principles as an integral part of our oper-
ations is a continuous process, which
remains a focus point going forward, with
further initiatives planned for 2024 as part
of the overall data privacy compliance and
data protection programme at NKT.
In accordance with the guidelines set under the Danish
Financial Statements Act, NKT A/S has equal representation
of genders in the Board of Directors. A target has been set
to have at least 40% representation of the under-represented
gender on the Board of Directors by 2025. At end-2023, this
target was achieved for the Board of Directors of NKT A/S,
as it had 50/50% female/male representation of the elected
members.
■
To review and provide oversight of  
programmes and make recommen-  
dations to the Board of Directors on  
the company’s policies, strategies  
pertaining to ESG issues and associ-  
ated impacts  
Corporate Governance  
As a listed company on the Nasdaq  
Copenhagen Stock Exchange, NKT A/S  
is subject to rules governing share issuers  
and corporate governance recommen-  
dations. NKT A/S fulfils its obligations  
in respect of the latter either by compli-  
ance or by explanation of the reason for  
non-compliance.  
■
To ensure that appropriate policies are  
In 2023, NKT A/S - the parent company - had on average
less than 50 employees, and hence in accordance with the
guidelines from the Danish Business Authority, no policy for
increasing the gender diversity in other management levels
has been implemented.
in place and working effectively to build  
and consistently protect the company’s  
internal and external reputation through  
NKT’s ESG Performance, Behaviours  
and Communication.  
Terms of reference for the ESG  
Committee can be found at  
investors.nkt.com  
Data Ethics
■
To consider risk management associ-  
ated with ESG issues  
NKT respects all relevant data which is
received or collected from its employees,
customers and other stakeholders, and
such data is handled in compliance with
applicable laws and regulations and in
accordance with internal ethical stand-
ards.
Share of under-
NKT A/S complies with all 40 recommen-  
dations issued by the Danish Committee  
on Corporate Governance in December  
2020.  
Management
level
represented
gender
Members
■
To consider the company’s performance  
Board of
Directors
6 AGM-elected members
(3 males and 3 females)
against relevant external sustainability  
(ESG) indices, including public reporting  
and a review of the company’s annual  
CSR report.  
50%
Other
management
level
NKT's Corporate Governance  
Report 2023 can be found at  
investors.nkt.com/corporate-  
governance/statutory-reports  
1 (1 male)
0%
In 2021, NKT established a formal data
ethics policy defining the overall approach
to handling data and the foundation for
The focus on diversity and equal opportunity for both genders is described in detail
in the Sustainability Report for 2023.
 
54  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
04 Governance  
Board of Directors  
Jens Due Olsen  
Chair  
René Svendsen-Tune  
Deputy Chair  
Nebahat Albayrak  
Born 1963, Danish national  
First elected in 2006  
Not considered independent due to tenure  
Born 1955, Danish national  
First elected in 2016  
Considered independent  
Born 1968, Dutch/Turkish national  
First elected in 2022  
Considered independent  
MSc Econ.,1990  
BSc Eng. (hons.), 1981  
LLM, International and European Law, 1993  
■
■
■
NKT Committees:  
ESG Committee  
NKT Photonics (working committee)  
Nomination Committee, Chair  
NKT Photonics (working committee)  
ESG Committee, Chair  
Remuneration Committee  
■
■
■
Board of Directors’ annual remuneration:  
NKT shares at 31 December 2023:  
Other positions and directorships:  
DKK 1,125,000  
51,891  
DKK 750,000  
6,666  
DKK 375,000  
0
■
■
■
BørneBasketFonden (non-profit foundation), Chair  
KMD A/S, Deputy Chair  
NIL Technology A/S, Chair  
Nilfisk Holding A/S, Interim CEO  
Nilfisk Holding A/S, Deputy Chair  
Stokke AS, Chair  
Fortum Oyj, Executive Vice President, Sustainability and  
■
■
Corporate Relations  
Nederlandse Spoorwegen, Supervisory Board member  
Topvrouwen.nl, Advisory Board member  
■
■
■
■
■
■
European Energy, Chair  
Asetek A/S, Chair  
■
■
■
Special qualifications:  
International management  
Management of listed companies  
Economic and financial matters  
Technology  
International management  
Management of listed companies  
Specialist expertise in technology, service businesses,  
large account sales and strategy development with  
sustainability focus  
Senior leadership experience in the energy industry and  
energy transition  
International and industrial management  
Experience from the public and private sector  
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
Expertise in driving corporate sustainability strategy and  
performance  
■
Specialist in corporate Reputation Management and Branding  
Crisis management  
■
 
55  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
04 Governance  
Board of Directors  
Karla Lindahl  
Born 1981, Finnish national  
First elected in 2020  
Andreas Nauen  
Born 1964, German national  
First elected in 2017  
Anne Vedel  
Born 1981, Danish national  
First elected in 2023  
Considered independent  
Considered independent  
Considered independent  
MA in EC Competition Law, 2009  
Master of Laws (LL.M), 2005  
MSc Mechanical Eng. 1991  
MSc. International Technology Management, 2008  
■
■
■
NKT Committees:  
Audit Committee  
Remuneration Committee, Chair  
Audit Committee, Chair  
Audit Committee  
■
Board of Directors’ annual remuneration:  
NKT shares at 31 December 2022:  
Other positions and directorships:  
DKK 375,000  
0
DKK 375,000  
0
DKK 375,000  
0
■
■
■
KONE Corporation, Executive Vice President for Europe  
Sandbrook Capital, USA, Operating Partner  
Senior Vice President, Product Solutions and Integration,  
■
Havfram AS, Chair  
Vestas A/S  
■
■
■
Special qualifications:  
International and industrial management  
Management of listed companies  
Financial expertise from project business applying IFRS  
Special expertise in technology, large infrastructure projects,  
International and industrial management  
Expertise in leading service and project business and  
operations  
Expertise in strategy development and execution as well  
as competition and corporate law  
Expertise in driving energy transition  
Senior leadership experience in the renewable energy  
industry  
International expertise in technology, sales and sustaina-  
ble energy solutions  
Manage the development and design of new complex  
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
renewable energy and wind power  
■
products and plant solutions for the wind industry  
 
56  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
04 Governance  
Board of Directors  
Stig Nissen Knudsen  
Born 1969, Danish national  
Christian Dyhr  
Born 1974, Danish national  
Pernille Blume Simonsen  
Born 1983, Danish national  
Elected by the employees 2018, re-elected 2022  
Not considered independent due to employment with NKT  
Elected by the employees, 2022  
Not considered independent due to employment with NKT  
Elected by the employees, 2022  
Not considered independent due to employment with NKT  
MSc E.Eng. 1996, PhD 2002  
Warehouse coordinator  
NKT Photonics A/S  
Lean specialist  
NKT (Denmark) A/S  
Senior Production Engineer  
NKT Photonics A/S  
NKT Committees:  
Board of Directors annual base remuneration:  
NKT shares at 31 December 2023:  
Directorships and other positions:  
Special qualifications:  
DKK 375,000  
125  
DKK 375,000  
0
DKK 375,000  
0
 
57  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
04 Governance  
Group Leadership Team  
Executive Management  
Line Andrea Fandrup  
Chief Financial Officer, Executive Vice President  
Will Hendrikx  
Chief Operating Officer / Deputy CEO  
Darren Fennell  
Executive Vice President, Head of HV Solutions Karlskrona  
Claes Westerlind  
President & Chief Executive Officer  
Born 1979, Danish national.  
Joined NKT in 2020  
Education: MSc Business Administration and  
Maths 2004  
INSEAD Transition to General Management 2015  
Born 1964  
Joined NKT in 2020  
Education: BSc. in Engineering and Management (HTS,  
Netherlands)  
Born 1975  
Joined NKT in 2012  
Education: Bachelor's degree in Construction Economics  
& Management  
Born 1982, Swedish national.  
Joined NKT in 2017  
Education: M.Sc. Mechanical Engineering, Chal-  
mers University of Technology and Hong Kong  
University of Science and Technology  
NKT positions: Chief Financial Officer and Member  
of Executive Management 2020  
NKT positions: Chief Executive Officer and Mem-  
ber of Executive Management 2023  
Various senior positions within NKT since 2017.  
Directorships: -  
Directorships: -  
NKT shares at 31 December 2023: DKK 2,486  
NKT shares at 31 December 2023: DKK 3,551  
Michael C. Hjorth  
Chief Commercial Officer  
Carlos Fernandez  
Executive Vice President, Head of Applications  
Born 1966  
Born 1971  
Joined NKT in 1995-2012 and in 2017  
Education: B. Sc. EE + Maersk Young Manager’s  
programme  
Joined NKT in 2021  
Education: Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering (B.E.)  
(Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya), Postgraduate in  
Business Administration (IESE Business School)  
 
58  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
04 Governance  
Group Leadership Team  
Anders Jensen  
Mark Skriver Nielsen  
Lukas Sidler  
Executive Vice President, Head of HV Solutions Cologne  
Born 1977  
Michael Yong  
Chief Strategy Officer  
Born 1974  
Chief Technology Officer  
Chief Legal Officer  
Born 1964  
Born 1968  
Joined NKT in 1993-2013 and in 2018  
Education: M.Sc. in Electrical Engineering (Technical Uni-  
versity of Denmark), B.Sc. in Strategic Management and  
Business Development (Copenhagen Business School,  
Copenhagen)  
Joined NKT in 2019  
Education: Attorney and Master of Law (University of Co-  
penhagen and Queen Mary University of London).  
Joined NKT in 2022  
Joined NKT in 2021  
Education: Business Administration with major in Industry  
and International Production, Zurich University of Applied  
Sciences  
Education: Juris Doctor (George Washington Law School, USA),  
International MBA (IE Business School, Spain), B. Sc. Mechani-  
cal Engineering (University of Tennessee, USA)  
Kira Johnson  
Chief Human Resources Officer  
Born 1974  
Denis Schuler  
Executive Vice President, Head of Accessories  
Born 1973  
Axel Barnekow Widmark  
Executive Vice President, Head of Service  
Born 1977  
Joined NKT in 2021  
Joined NKT in 2023  
Joined NKT in 2020  
Education: M.Sc., Political Science & Government, Univer-  
sity of Copenhagen  
Education: Executive Master of Business Administration,  
Zurich University of Applied Sciences  
Education: M.Sc Engineering Physics from the Royal  
Institute of Technology  
 
59  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
Consolidated  
financial statements  
60 Income statement  
60 Statement of comprehensive income  
61 Balance sheet  
62 Cash flow statement  
63 Statement of changes in equity  
05  
 
60  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated financial statements  
Income statement  
Statement of comprehensive income  
1 January – 31 December  
1 January – 31 December  
Amounts in EURm  
Note  
2023  
2022  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
124.3
2022  
62.4
Revenue  
Other operating income  
2.1  
2,567.2
3.9
2,079.0
14.2
Net result  
Other comprehensive income  
Items that may be reclassified to income statement:  
Foreign exchange adjustment, foreign companies  
Cash flow hedges:  
Work performed by the Group and capitalized  
Costs of raw materials, consumables and goods for resale  
Staff costs  
31.4
33.1
-1,746.7
-339.3
-261.9
254.6
-1,442.6
-302.5
-226.6
154.6
2.2/2.3  
2.4/6.1/7.1  
7.2
-44.8
Other costs  
Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA)  
Value adjustment for the year  
50.6
14.0
-0.4
-5.0
71.4
-14.2
-2.1
Transferred to revenue  
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment  
Impairment of property, plant and equipment  
Amortization of intangible assets  
3.2  
3.2  
3.1  
3.1  
-71.1
-0.1
-18.4
-0.4
-62.7
0.0
-22.7
0.0
Transferred to financial income  
Tax on cash flow hedges  
-16.1
Impairment of intangible assets  
Cost of hedging:  
Share of profit/loss in associated companies  
Earnings before interest and tax (EBIT)  
-0.2
164.4
0.0
69.2
Value adjustment for the year for transaction-related hedges  
24.8
1.7
Cumulative (gain)/loss from changes in the fair value of  
transaction-related hedged items reclassified to profit or loss  
3.3
0.0
Financial income  
Financial expenses  
Earnings before tax (EBT)  
5.5  
5.5  
109.5
-125.1
148.8
72.3
-63.2
78.3
Tax on cost of hedging  
-9.5
-0.4
Items that may not be reclassified to income statement:  
Actuarial gains/losses on defined benefit pension plans  
Tax on actuarial gains/losses  
1.4
-0.5
85.9  
11.7
-3.7
3.5  
Tax  
2.5  
6.3  
-30.1
118.7
5.6
-23.2
55.1
7.3
Net result - continuing operations  
Net result - discontinued operations  
Net result  
Total other comprehensive income  
124.3
62.4
Comprehensive income for the year  
210.2
65.9
To be distributed as follows:  
Equity holders of NKT A/S  
Hybrid capital holders of NKT A/S  
Net result  
113.4
10.9
124.3
53.8
8.6
62.4
To be distributed as follows:  
Equity holders of NKT A/S  
199.3
10.9
57.3
8.6
Hybrid capital holders of NKT A/S  
Basic earnings - continuing operations, EUR, per share (EPS)  
Diluted earnings - continuing operations, EUR, per share (EPS-D)  
Basic earnings, EUR, per share (EPS)  
2.2
2.1
2.3
2.3
1.0
1.0
1.2
1.1
Comprehensive income for the year  
210.2
65.9
Diluted earnings, EUR, per share (EPS-D)  
The Board of Directors proposes a dividend for the year of DKK 0.0 per share (DKK 0.0 per share in 2022) for
approval at the Annual General Meeting.  
 
61  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated financial statements  
Balance sheet  
31 December  
Amounts in EURm  
Note  
2023  
2022  
Amounts in EURm  
Note  
2023  
2022  
Assets  
Equity and liabilities  
Goodwill  
350.9
35.2
24.4
350.4
39.4
31.2
Share capital  
5.1  
144.3
27.9
115.4
68.9
Trademarks, patents and licences, etc.  
IT software  
Reserves  
Retained comprehensive income  
Equity attributable to equity holders of NKT A/S  
Hybrid capital  
1,247.4
1,419.6
155.4
805.9
990.2
153.6
1,143.8
Development projects completed  
Intangible assets under development  
Total intangible assets  
37.1
19.7
96.8
544.4
87.7
5.3  
3.1/3.3  
528.4
Total equity  
1,575.0
Land and buildings  
377.1
379.0
56.8
292.4
297.9
45.0
Deferred tax  
2.5  
3.4  
3.4  
5.4  
36.7
39.5
54.9
41.3
Manufacturing plant and machinery  
Fixtures, fittings, tools and equipment  
Property, plant and equipment under construction  
Total property, plant and equipment  
Pension liabilities  
Provisions  
11.2
11.4
201.0
209.5
844.8
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings  
Total non-current liabilities  
195.5
282.9
180.9
288.5
3.2/3.3  
2.5  
1,013.9
Investments in associated companies  
Other investments and receivables  
Deferred tax  
9.1
0.8
0.0
0.8
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings  
Trade payables  
5.4  
11.9
364.4
238.9
1,036.6
26.9
14.9
351.0
223.7
677.6
9.6
12.3
22.2
11.7
12.5
Other liabilities  
5.4  
4.4  
Total other non-current assets  
Contract liabilities  
Total non-current assets  
1,580.5
1,385.7
Income tax payable  
Provisions  
3.4  
6.3  
29.8
22.7
Inventories  
4.2  
4.3  
4.4  
311.3
525.2
106.9
14.6
334.9
522.5
98.2
Liabilities associated with assets held for sale  
Total current liabilities  
37.6
35.6
Receivables  
1,746.1
1,335.1
Contract assets  
Income tax receivable  
Interest-bearing receivables  
Cash at bank and in hand  
Assets held for sale  
Total current assets  
3.3
Total liabilities  
2,029.0
3,604.0
1,623.6
2,767.4
0.2
0.2
Total equity and liabilities  
887.9
177.4
2,023.5
258.5
164.1
1,381.7
6.3  
Total assets  
3,604.0
2,767.4
 
62  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated financial statements  
Cash flow statement  
1 January – 31 December  
Amounts in EURm  
Note  
2023  
2022  
Amounts in EURm  
Note  
2023  
2022  
Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA)  
254.6
154.6
Changes in loans  
-1.5
-5.7
-19.2
-5.3
0.0
Repayment of lease liabilities  
Capital increase  
Non-cash operating items:  
5.1  
357.3
-7.2
Change in provisions, gain and loss on sale of assets, etc.  
Changes in working capital  
8.7
319.8
583.1
-34.7
185.1
305.0
Purchase of treasury shares  
Coupon payments on hybrid capital  
Repurchase of hybrid capital  
Proceeds from issuance of hybrid capital  
Cash flow from financing activities  
-2.5
4.1  
-9.1
-7.4
Cash flow from operations before financial items, etc.  
5.3  
5.3  
0.0
-63.3
61.7
-36.0
0.0
Financial income received  
89.0
-105.0
-38.1
13.4
50.1
-41.6
-26.4
11.1
333.8
Financial expenses paid  
Income tax paid  
Net cash flow for the year from continuing operations  
Net cash flow for the year from discontinued operations  
Net cash flow for the year  
629.2
-1.3
57.4
8.0
Income tax received  
6.3  
Cash flow from operating activities from continuing operations  
542.4
298.2
627.9
65.4
Acquisition of subsidiaries  
6.1  
6.1  
0.0
-9.1
-15.7
0.0
Cash at bank and in hand, 1 January  
Currency adjustments  
262.2
0.2
200.5
-3.7
Acquisition of associated companies  
Investments in property, plant and equipment  
Disposal of property, plant and equipment  
Intangible assets and other investments, net  
Cash flow from investing activities from continuing operations  
-204.5
0.2
-156.1
2.0
Net cash flow for the year  
627.9
890.3
2.4
65.4
262.2
3.7
Cash at bank and in hand, 31 December  
Of which classified as assets held for sale  
Cash at bank and in hand from continuing operations, 31 December  
-33.6
-247.0
-35.0
-204.8
887.9
258.5
Free cash flow from continuing operations  
295.4
93.4
The above cannot be derived directly from the income statement and the balance sheet.  
 
63  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated financial statements  
Statement of changes in equity  
1 January – 31 December  
Foreign  
exchange  
reserve  
Cash flow  
hedge  
reserve  
Cost of  
hedging  
reserve  
Retained  
compreh.  
income  
Share  
capital  
Treasury  
shares  
Fair value  
reserve  
Hybrid  
Capital  
Total  
equity  
Amounts in EURm  
Total  
990.2
7.2
Equity, 1 January 2023  
115.4
-0.9
-63.4
145.6
-12.7
0.3
805.9
153.6
1,143.8
Other comprehensive income:  
Foreign exchange translation adjustments  
Value adjustment of hedging instruments:  
Value adjustment for the year  
7.2
-0.3
0.3
7.2
50.6
14.0
-0.4
24.8
3.3
75.4
17.3
75.4
17.3
Transferred to revenue  
Transferred to financial income  
Actuarial gains/losses on defined benefit pension plans  
Tax on other comprehensive income  
Total other comprehensive income  
Net result  
-0.4
-0.4
1.4
-0.5
1.4
1.4
-5.0
-9.5
-15.0
85.9
113.4
199.3
-15.0
85.9
124.3
210.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.2
7.2
59.2
18.6
-0.3
-0.3
1.2
0.0
10.9
10.9
113.4
114.6
Comprehensive income for the year  
59.2
18.6
Deferred hedge gains and losses transferred to inventory  
-151.0
33.8
-6.0
0.8
-157.0
34.6
-157.0
34.6
Tax on deferred hedge gains and losses transferred to inventory  
Transactions with owners:  
Capital increase*  
28.9
328.4
357.3
-7.2
357.3
-7.2
Purchase of treasury shares  
Exercise of performance shares  
Share-based payment  
-7.2
3.9
-3.9
2.4
0.0
0.0
2.4
2.4
Coupon payments, hybrid capital  
Total transactions with owners in 2023  
0.0
-9.1
-9.1
28.9  
-3.3  
-4.2
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.7
0.0  
0.0
326.9  
352.5  
-9.1  
343.4  
Equity, 31 December 2023  
144.3
-56.2
87.6
1,247.4
1,419.6
155.4
1,575.0
* Transaction costs related to the rights issue in 2023 was EUR 4.7m and are accounted for as a deduction from equity in the capital increase line in the table above.  
 
64  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated financial statements  
Statement of changes in equity  
1 January – 31 December  
Foreign  
exchange  
reserve  
Cash flow  
hedge  
reserve  
Cost of  
hedging  
reserve  
Retained  
compreh.  
income  
Share  
capital  
Treasury  
shares  
Fair value  
reserve  
Hybrid  
Capital  
Total  
equity  
Amounts in EURm  
Total  
1,007.5
-44.8
Equity, 1 January 2022  
115.4
0.0
-18.6
182.0
-16.2
0.3
744.6
152.4
1,159.9
Other comprehensive income:  
Foreign exchange translation adjustments  
Value adjustment of hedging instruments:  
Value adjustment for the year  
-44.8
-44.8
71.4
-14.2
-2.1
1.7
73.1
-14.2
-2.1
73.1
-14.2
-2.1
Transferred to revenue  
Transferred to financial income  
Actuarial gains/losses on defined benefit pension plans  
Tax on other comprehensive income  
Total other comprehensive income  
Net result  
11.7
-3.7
8.0
11.7
11.7
-16.1
-0.4
-20.2
3.5
-20.2
3.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-44.8
-44.8
39.0
1.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
8.6
8.6
53.8
61.8
53.8
57.3
62.4
65.9
Comprehensive income for the year  
39.0
1.3
Deferred hedge gains and losses transferred to inventory  
-106.5
31.1
2.9
-103.6
30.4
-103.6
30.4
Tax on deferred hedge gains and losses transferred to inventory  
-0.7
Transactions with owners:  
Purchase of treasury shares  
Exercise of performance shares  
Share-based payment  
-2.5
1.6
-2.5
0.0
2.7
-2.5
0.0
-1.6
2.7
2.7
Coupon payments, hybrid capital  
Issue of hybrid capital  
0.0
-1.6
0.0  
-1.4  
-7.4
150.0
-150.0  
-7.4  
-7.4
-1.6
148.4
-150.0  
-8.8  
Redeem of hybrid capital  
Total transactions with owners in 2022  
0.0  
-0.9  
-0.9
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.3
-0.5  
Equity, 31 December 2022  
115.4
-63.4
145.6
-12.7
805.9
990.2
153.6
1,143.8
 
65  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated financial statements  
Sections  
Section 1  
Section 4  
Section 6  
Significant judgements and estimates  
Basis of preparation  
66  
Working capital  
82  
Group structure  
94  
Significant judgements and accounting estimates  
made by Management are included in the sections to  
which they relate with the purpose to increase legibility.  
1.1  
Material Accounting Policy Information  
66  
4.1  
4.2  
4.3  
4.4  
Changes in working capital in cash flow  
82  
82  
83  
84  
6.1  
6.2  
6.3  
Acquisition and divestment of businesses  
94  
1.2  
Implementation of new and amended  
Inventories  
Group companies  
94  
accounting standards and interpretations  
67  
67  
Receivables  
Discontinued operations and  
assets held for sale  
1.3  
Significant estimates and judgements  
95  
Contract assets and liabilities  
Sensitivity  
Section 2  
Profit for the year  
Section 7  
Section 5  
Sensitivity analyses accompany significant judgements  
and accounting estimates, and are included in the  
sections to which they relate with the purpose to  
increase legibility.  
68  
Other notes  
96  
Capital structure  
and financial risk  
management  
2.1  
2.2  
2.3  
2.4  
2.5  
Segment information and revenue  
68  
71  
72  
72  
73  
7.1  
Fees to the auditor elected at  
the Annual General Meeting  
96  
96  
Staff cost  
85  
7.2  
7.3  
Events after the balance sheet date  
Share-based payment  
Research and development  
Tax  
Contingent assets and liabilities  
and pledges  
5.1  
5.2  
5.3  
5.4  
5.5  
5.6  
Share capital  
85  
85  
86  
87  
88  
89  
96  
97  
Earnings per share  
7.4  
Definitions  
Hybrid capital  
Accounting policy  
Net interest-bearing debt  
Financial items  
Accounting policies are included in the sections to  
which they relate in order to facilitate understanding  
of the contents and the accounting treatment applied.  
Accounting policies not relating directly to individual  
sections are stated in Section 1.1.  
Section 3  
Non-current assets  
and liabilities  
Financial risks and financial instruments  
75  
3.1  
3.2  
3.3  
3.4  
Intangible assets  
75  
76  
78  
80  
Property, plant and equipment  
Impairment test  
Provisions and pension liabilities  
 
66  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 1 – Basis of preparation  
1.1 Material
Accounting Policy Information  
This section provides the overall  
reporting framework applied  
in our consolidated financial  
statements. Specific accounting  
policies applied are described  
in the relevant sections,  
while new and upcomming  
legislastion is presented in note  
1.2, and significant estimates  
and judgements exercised  
by management as part of  
the preparation of this Annual  
Report is described in note 1.3.  
Introduction  
The 2023 Annual Report for NKT Group, comprising both  
the consolidated financial statements for NKT A/S and its  
subsidiaries (NKT Group) as well as the separate financial  
statements for the parent company, has been prepared in  
accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards, as adopted  
by the EU and additional Danish disclosure requirements  
for annual reports for listed companies.  
All intercompany balances, income and expenses,  
unrealized gains and losses and dividends resulting  
from intercompany transactions are eliminated in full.  
other companies might calculate these differently from  
NKT Group, they may not be comparable to the meas-  
ures applied by NKT Group. These financial measures  
should therefore not be considered a replacement  
for performance measures as defined under IFRS  
Accounting Standards, but rather as supplementary  
information. Alternative performance measures are  
defined in note 7.4 in more detail and some are recon-  
ciled to IFRS measures in note 2.1.  
Foreign currency translation  
Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recog-  
nized in the Group entities at their respective functional  
currency rates prevailing at the date of the transaction.  
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign  
currencies are translated at the functional currency spot  
rate at the reporting date. All adjustments are recog-  
nized in the income statement.  
Non-monetary items that are measured at historical  
cost in a foreign currency are translated using the  
exchange rates at the dates of the initial transactions.  
Non-monetary items measured at fair value in a foreign  
currency are translated using the exchange rates at the  
date, when the fair value is determined.  
The assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries are trans-  
lated into EUR at the rate of exchange prevailing at the  
reporting date, and their income statements are translated  
at average exchange rates. Exchange rate adjustments  
arising on translation are recognized in other compre-  
hensive income. On disposal of a foreign operation, the  
component of other comprehensive income relating to  
that operation is recognized in the income statement.  
The Annual Report has been approved by the Board of  
Directors and Executive Management on 21 February  
2024, and will be presented for approval by the share-  
holders at the Annual General Meeting on 20 March 2024.  
Reporting under the ESEF regulation  
The Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/815  
on the European Single Electronic Format (ESEF Regu-  
lation) has introduced a single electronic reporting  
format for the annual financial statements of issuers  
with securities listed on the EU regulated markets.  
The applied tagging by the Group has been prepared  
in accordance with the ESEF taxonomy included in  
the ESEF regulation and developed based on the  
IFRS taxonomy published by the IFRS Foundation.  
The Annual Report submitted to the Danish Financial  
Supervisory Authority consists of the XHTML document  
together with the technical files included in the ZIP file  
nkt-2023-12-31-en.zip.  
Basis for preparation  
The Annual Report is presented in EUR rounded to the  
nearest EUR 1,000,000 with one decimal. The Annual  
Report is prepared according to the historical cost prin-  
ciple with the exception that derivatives and financial  
instruments, classified as fair value through profit loss  
(FVTPL), are measured at fair value.  
The accounting policies described below and in the  
individual sections have been applied consistently  
during the financial year and for the comparative  
figures. For standards implemented prospectively the  
comparative figures have not been restated.  
Presentation in the notes  
Accounting policy  
Apart from the more general acounting policy items  
presented above, specific accounting policies are  
included in the sections to which they relate in order to  
facilitate a better understanding of the contents and the  
accounting treatment applied.  
Principles of consolidation  
The consolidated financial statements comprise the  
financial statements of the parent company (NKT A/S)  
and the individual subsidiaries’ financial statements  
prepared according to NKT Group’s accounting poli-  
cies. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date  
of acquisition, being the date on which NKT obtains  
control, until the date that such control ceases.  
Alternative performance measures (APMs)  
The consolidated financial statement includes financial  
performance measures that are not defined according  
to IFRS Accounting Standards.  
These measures are considered to provide valuable  
information to stakeholders and Management. Since  
 
67  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 1 – Basis of preparation  
1.2 Implementation
of new  
and amended accounting  
standards and interpretations  
1.3 Significant
estimates and judgements  
When preparing this Annual Report, Management has  
made a number of accounting judgements in applying  
the accounting policies, which form the basis for the  
recognition and measurement of assets, liabilities and  
disclosures provided. Further, Management provides  
significant estimates regarding future developments.  
These are regularly reassessed based on historical  
experience and other factors, which Management  
assesses to be reliable, but which, by their nature, are  
associated with uncertainty and unpredictability.  
From Management perspective the following esti-  
mates and judgements are considered significant  
and the applied estimates and judgements are further  
described in the respective notes.  
Presentation in the notes  
Significant estimates  
A description of the Significant judgements and  
accounting estimates provided by Management are  
included in the respective sections to which they  
relate.  
New standards, interpretations and amendments  
adopted by NKT Group  
As of 1 January 2023, NKT Group adopted all relevant  
new or revised IFRS Accounting Standards and IFRIC  
Interpretations with effective date 1 January 2023 or  
earlier.  
The new or revised standards and interpretations did  
not affect recognition and measurement materially nor  
did they result in any material changes to disclosures  
in the notes.  
Apart from this, the annual report is presented in  
accordance with the accounting policies applied in  
previous years’ annual reports. However, a few reclas-  
sifications in the comparative figures for 2022 have  
been made.  
Agreement to divest NKT Photonics  
In June 2022, NKT entered into an agreement to divest NKT  
Photonics to Photonics Management Europe S.R.L, a 100%  
owned subsidiary of Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. On 2 May  
2023, NKT received notification that the Purchaser had  
been denied the authorization under the Danish Investment  
Screening Act needed for the Purchaser to proceed to  
complete the transaction and acquire NKT Photonics. The  
Purchaser has been taking further actions in response to the  
decision including a refiling of its application to the Danish  
authorities and, separately, NKT continues to evaluate  
its options considering the decision. As a consequence  
NKT remains committed to its plan to sell NKT Photonics  
and NKT Photonics is presented as discontinued  
operations and assets held for sale in this report.  
Significant estimates and judgements are predomi-  
nantly applied in relation to the recognition of revenue  
from construction contracts, impairment of goodwill  
and assessing the value of deferred tax assets. These  
assumptions may prove incomplete or incorrect, and  
unexpected events or circumstances may arise, but  
the assumptions are considered reasonable and reli-  
able under the circumstances.  
Sensitivity  
Sensitivity analyses accompany significant judgements  
and accounting estimates, and are included in the  
sections to which they relate.  
New standards, interpretations and amendments  
not yet adopted by NKT Group  
IASB has issued a number of new or amended  
accounting standards and interpretations, some of  
which are not yet endorsed by EU, and which are  
not mandatory for reporting periods ending at 31  
December 2023. NKT Group expect to implement  
these new and amended standards, when they  
become mandatory.  
None of the standards and interpretations are  
expected to have a material impact on the NKT Group.  
Significant accounting  
Impact  
Note  
estimate and judgement  
Estimate/ Judgement  
assessment1  
2.1  
Segment information and
Determine revenue recognition for  
Judgement and estimate  
revenue  
projects (PoC)  
4.4  
Contract assets and  
Valuation of construction contracts  
Estimate  
liabilities  
2.5  
Tax  
Valuation of deferred tax assets  
Judgement and estimate  
6.3  
DIscontinued operations
Judgment of NKT Photonics  
Judgement  
divestment approval  
3.3  
Impairment of assets  
Estimate the value-in-use of intangible
Estimate  
and tangible long-term assets  
7.3  
Contingent liabilities  
Determine recognition and  
Judgement and estimate  
measurement of obligations  
1 The numbers of boxes in the above assessment indicate the level of estimates and judgment applied, where five being the highest.  
 
68  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 2 – Profit for the year  
2.1 Segment
information and revenue  
Service &  
Non Intersegment  
Amounts in EURm  
Solutions  
Applications  
Accessories  
allocated transact.  
Total NKT  
2023  
Income statement  
Goods1)  
41.7  
1,115.9  
161.6  
0.0  
-54.9  
1,264.3  
Service, etc.2)  
26.1  
0.0  
9.8  
0.0  
-3.1  
32.8  
Construction contracts2)  
1,245.5  
0.0  
28.2  
0.0  
-3.6  
1,270.1  
Revenue (market prices)  
1,313.3  
1,115.9  
199.6  
0.0  
-61.6  
2,567.2  
Adjustment of market prices to std. metal prices  
-161.9  
-478.2  
0.0  
0.0  
0.3  
-639.8  
Revenue (std. metal prices)3)  
1,151.4  
637.7  
199.6  
0.0  
-61.3  
1,927.4  
Costs and other income, net (excl. one-off items)  
-1,131.7  
-1,057.2  
-181.0  
-4.3  
61.6  
-2,312.6  
Operational EBITDA  
181.6  
58.7  
18.6  
-4.3  
0.0  
254.6  
Depreciation, amortization and impairment  
-68.8  
-14.7  
-5.0  
-1.5  
0.0  
-90.0  
Share of profit/loss in associated companies  
-0.2  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
-0.2  
Operational EBIT  
112.6  
44.0  
13.6  
-5.8  
0.0  
164.4  
Working capital  
-739.1  
38.9  
31.0  
-39.6  
0.0  
-708.8  
2022  
Income statement  
Goods1)  
46.7  
1,066.7  
132.8  
0.0  
-38.2  
1,208.0  
Service, etc.2)  
16.9  
0.0  
7.3  
0.0  
-2.6  
21.6  
Construction contracts2)  
803.5  
0.0  
53.2  
0.0  
-7.3  
849.4  
Revenue (market prices)  
867.1  
1,066.7  
193.3  
0.0  
-48.1  
2,079.0  
Adjustment of market prices to std. metal prices  
-117.6  
-514.7  
-0.1  
0.0  
0.2  
-632.2  
Revenue (std. metal prices)3)  
749.5  
552.0  
193.2  
0.0  
-47.9  
1,446.8  
Costs and other income, net (excl. one-off items)  
-761.2  
-1,038.2  
-167.6  
-5.6  
48.1  
-1,924.5  
Operational EBITDA  
105.9  
28.5  
25.7  
-5.6  
0.0  
154.5  
Depreciation, amortization and impairment  
-64.3  
-14.9  
-4.2  
-2.0  
0.0  
-85.4  
Operational EBIT  
41.6  
13.6  
21.5  
-7.6  
0.0  
69.1  
Working capital  
-437.2  
89.7  
36.2  
8.3  
0.0  
-303.0  
1)  
Revenue recognized at a point in time.  
2)  
Revenue recognized over time.  
3)  
Refer to note 7.4 Definitions.  
This section relates to profit  
for the year, including revenue,  
segment information, staff costs,  
share-based payments, research  
and development costs and tax.  
NKT  
Operational EBITDA  
254.6m  
(154.5m in 2022)  
Solutions  
Operational EBITDA  
181.6m  
(105.9m in 2022)  
Applications  
Operational EBITDA  
58.7m  
(28.5m in 2022)  
Service & Accessories  
Operational EBITDA  
18.6m  
(25.7m in 2022)  
 
69  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 2 – Profit for the year  
2.1 Segment
information and revenue – continued  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Reconciliation to net result  
Operational EBITDA  
254.6  
154.5  
One-off items  
0.0  
0.1  
EBITDA  
254.6  
154.6  
Depreciation, amortization and impairment  
-90.0  
-85.4  
Share of profit/loss in associated companies  
-0.2  
0.0  
EBIT  
164.4  
69.2  
Financial items, net  
-15.6  
9.1  
EBT  
148.8  
78.3  
Tax  
-30.1  
-23.2  
Net result - continuing operations  
118.7  
55.1  
Net result - discontinued operations  
5.6  
7.3  
Net result  
124.3  
62.4  
Accounting policy  
Segment information  
The segment information is based on internal management reporting and is  
presented in accordance with the Group’s accounting policies.  
Segment income and expenses and segment working capital comprise those  
items that are directly attributable to the individual segment and those items  
that can be reliably allocated to it. Other items are shown as non-allocated.  
The reportable segments are generally referred to as business lines. The busi-  
ness lines consist of Solutions, Applications and Service & Accessories. For  
further details please refer to the Business review section of each business  
line in the management review. The Board of Directors assesses the operating  
results of the business lines separately to enable decisions concerning alloca-  
tion of resources and measurement of performance.  
Revenue from Goods and Service are recognized at a point in time and  
revenue from construction contracts are recognized over time.  
Inter-segment transactions are performed on market terms. One customer  
in the Solutions segment comprises more than 10% of the groups total  
revenue amounting to EUR 390.6m (92.3m in 2022). The geographical  
disclosure of revenue is based on the country of delivery.  
Raw materials, consumables and goods for resale  
Costs of raw materials, consumables and goods for resale refer to  
purchases and changes during the year in inventory levels, including  
shrinkage, waste production and any write-downs for obsolescence.  
Other costs comprise external costs relating to production, sale and  
administration, as well as losses on disposal of tangible and intangible  
assets. Write-downs of receivables from sales are also included.  
Revenue  
Revenue from construction contracts with customers with a high degree of  
individual customization and no alternative use, are recognized as revenue  
over time, provided that NKT Group has secured an enforceable right to  
payment for work performed at any time. The revenue therefore corre-  
sponds to the sales price of work performed during the year (the percent-  
age-of-completion method). See note 4.4 for further information concerning  
construction contracts.  
Revenue from sale of goods for resale and finished goods is recognized  
in the income statement when control of the goods has transferred to  
the buyer, normally at delivery, and it is probable that the income will be  
received.  
Revenue from services that include service packages and extended  
warranties relating to products and contracts is recognized over time with  
the supply of those services.  
Revenue is measured at the fair value of the expected consideration  
excluding VAT and taxes charged on behalf of third parties. In determining  
the transaction price, revenue is reduced by probable penalties and other  
claims and discounts that are payments to the customers. The transac-  
tion price is further adjusted for any variable elements of the transaction  
price. The variable amount is estimated at contract inception and revisited  
throughout the contract period. Variable income is recognized as revenue  
when it is highly probable that a significant reversal will not occur.  
Geographical information  
Property, plant and  
equitment and  
Revenue  
intangible assets  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
2023  
2022  
Denmark  
110.4  
120.5  
12.1  
11.5  
Germany  
764.0  
679.1  
331.5  
324.5  
Sweden  
122.4  
154.8  
995.0  
837.3  
UK  
399.1  
359.1  
18.3  
18.8  
Poland  
257.3  
213.5  
21.5  
17.2  
USA  
390.6  
99.6  
4.3  
0.1  
Norway  
83.9  
90.4  
82.3  
87.9  
Czech Republic  
77.1  
62.0  
83.2  
63.7  
Other  
362.4  
300.0  
10.1  
12.2  
Total  
2,567.2  
2,079.0  
1,558.3  
1,373.2  
Other operating income comprises items of a secondary nature relative to  
the operations of the Group, including grant schemes, reimbursements and  
gains on sale of non-current assets, etc.  
Change in inventories of finished goods and work in progress comprises  
changes in these items which correspond to staff costs and other costs  
charged to the income statement during the year and which relate directly or  
indirectly to the cost of the items stated in the balance sheet.  
Work performed by the Group and capitalized comprises income which  
corresponds to staff costs and other costs charged to the income state-  
ment during the year and which relate directly or indirectly to the capitalized  
cost of non-current assets of own manufacture.  
 
70  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 2 – Profit for the year  
2.1 Segment
information and revenue – continued  
Projects  
Revenue from the sale of cable projects accounted for as construction  
contracts comprises sale of onshore and offshore highly customized cables  
in Solutions, and delivery of highly customized spare cables in Service.  
Projects are usually significant in amount, have a long lead time affecting  
the financial statements of more reporting periods and have a high degree  
of project management. Each project is normally considered one perfor-  
mance obligation as each project comprise highly interrelated and interde-  
pendent physical assets and services, such as production, installation and  
project management.  
However, depending on the contract structure, the performance obligation  
may consist of more than one contract. Cable projects are often sold as  
fixed price contracts and revenue from these are therefore recognized over  
time by applying the percentage of completion (PoC) cost-to-cost method.  
Payment terms of a cable project contract usually comprise the following  
payments:  
down payment from the customer at contract inception,  
■
■
progress payments, linked to project milestones,  
final payment upon completion and customer acceptance.  
■
NKT Group will usually obtain payment guarantees to minimize counter  
party risk during the execution of cable projects.  
Most of the products are sold at a fixed price and revenue is usually recog-  
nized at the point in time when the control of the products transfers to the  
customers, usually upon delivery.  
For standardized products, NKT Group is usually entitled to payment upon  
delivery, and payment terms vary by market but are usually short.  
Significant estimates and judgements  
Cable projects are to a certain degree measured based on management  
judgement in terms of when to recognize revenue and how to calculate the  
revenue in terms of percentage-of-completion and estimated profit on  
each project. The estimates include a risk provision, which is based on  
an assessment of the specific risks that each project is exposed to. The  
percentage-of-completion is based on costs incurred against estimated  
total project costs. In essence, the total project costs are therefore to a  
large extent based on estimates.  
Assumptions for the recognition of revenue over time regarding larger cable  
projects are determined contract by contract. Control is transferred as the  
project progresses, based on assumptions such as:  
Deliveries being approved on an ongoing basis  
■
■
NKT Group’s ability to provide products according to specification and the  
risk that the cable is rejected.  
Service contracts  
Service contracts comprise various service elements to support power  
cable efficiency and prevent or mitigate power cable failures and can  
include up to 24/7, 365 days/year support. Service delivered according to  
the contracts is considered as one performance obligation delivered over  
time. Revenue is accordingly recognized over the life of the contract. NKT  
Group is either entitled to payment once the service has been provided or  
on a periodic basis.  
Spare parts and other repair work contracts are determined as one perfor-  
mance obligation. The transaction price is usually variable, depending on  
the produced output, and revenue is recognized over time, using the cost-  
to-cost method. In case of significant uncertainties related to measuring the  
revenue reliably, revenue is recognized according to payments. NKT Group  
is entitled to payment once the work or spare parts are delivered.  
Providing new highly customized spare cables is defined as one perfor-  
mance obligation. The transaction price is usually fixed and revenue is  
typically recognized over time using the percentage of completion (PoC)  
cost-to-cost method.  
The payment pattern for spare cables is similar to the pattern for cable  
projects described above and NKT Group will usually obtain payment guar-  
antees to minimize the risk during the execution of the cable project.  
Sale of products  
Sale of products relates to the sale of smaller less customized cable  
projects, standardized cables and equipment. Small cable projects with  
little or no customization usually have a short lead time of less than one  
year. Each delivered product is considered one performance obligation.  
 
71  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 2 – Profit for the year  
2.2 Staff
cost  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Wages and salaries  
264.7  
237.0  
Social security costs  
60.4  
50.9  
Defined contribution plans  
14.2  
14.6  
Total  
339.3  
302.5  
Average number of full-time employees  
4,473  
4,062  
Amounts in EURt  
2023  
2022  
Remuneration to Executive Management  
Salary  
1,344  
1,469  
Bonus  
722  
1,153  
Pension  
85  
75  
Long-term incentive programs  
903  
1,039  
Other benefits  
117  
114  
Severance payments  
1,240  
0
Total  
4,411  
3,850  
Amounts in EURt  
2023  
2022  
Remuneration to Board members  
Base remuneration  
603  
576  
Audit committee  
64  
48  
ESG committee  
17  
13  
Nomination committee  
19  
24  
Remuneration committee  
37  
33  
NKT Photonics working committee  
16  
26  
Total  
756  
720  
In 2023, staff costs in NKT Group increased by 12%, and the average  
number of full-time employees increased by 10%.  
Key management personel consist of Executive Management. Remunera-  
tion to Executive Management comprise fixed salary, short- and long-term  
incentive programs and other customary benefits. Long-term incentive  
programs consist of share-based payment programs. The accounting for  
share-based payments is presented in details in note 2.3.  
Remuneration to Executive Management increased in 2023 compared to  
2022, mainly due to severance payments to the former CEO partly off-set  
by lower salaries and bonus. For more information on the development,  
refer to the Remuneration Report available at the website.  
In NKT Group, most employees are covered by pension schemes, primarily  
in the form of defined contribution-based plans managed by independent  
pension funds.  
Accounting policy  
Staff costs comprise wages and salaries, remuneration, pensions, etc.,  
and share-based payment for NKT Group's employees, including Group  
Management. The Board of Directors does not receive share-based  
payment.  
NKT Group’s defined benefit plans, primarily relating to the activities in  
Germany, are recognized at the present value of the actuarially measured  
obligations. If a plan is not fully covered by plan assets, a plan liability is  
recognized in the balance sheet. Expenses relating to pension benefits are  
recognized as staff costs in the income statement. Actuarial gains or losses  
are recognized in other comprehensive income, EUR 1.4m (EUR 11.7m in  
2022), see note 3.4 for more information.  
Wages and salaries, social security contributions, leave and sick leave,  
bonuses and non-monetary benefits are recognized in the financial year in  
which services are rendered by the employee. When NKT provides long-  
term employee benefits, the costs are accrued to match the rendering of  
services.  
NKT Group has no related parties holding control. NKT Group's related  
parties comprise the NKT Group Leadership Team and their close family  
members. Related parties also include businesses in which the aforemen-  
tioned have material interests.  
Termination benefits are recognized when an agreement has been reached  
between NKT and the employee and no future service is rendered by the  
employee in exchange for the benefits.  
 
72  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 2 – Profit for the year  
2.3 Share-based
payment  
Long-term incentive programs for Executive Management  
and Group Leadership Team  
The decision to award performance shares to the Executive Management,  
the Group Leadership Team (GLT) and selected employees is made each  
year at the discretion of the Board of Directors after recommendation from  
the Remuneration Committee. The awarded shares represent a conditional  
right to receive shares after a three-year performance period at nil payment.  
The Board of Directors may decide to make cash awards in a given year.  
The performance shares vest subject to continued employment and the  
achievement of certain performance targets over a three-year period.  
For more information on the grant of performance shares, refer to the  
Group’s Remuneration Report available on the website.  
In 2023, a new performance share program was awarded to 20 participants  
(18 in 2022) with a vesting period of 3 years. All programs contain two key  
performance targets, one relating to operational EBITDA, and one relating  
to Total Shareholder Return (TSR). The total market value at award date  
was EUR 2.5m (EUR 2.5m in 2022).  
For the 2021 program, both the TSR target and EBITDA target were met  
and 66,400 shares will vest in February 2024.  
Costs relating to share-based payments in 2023 was EUR 2.4m (EUR 2.7 in  
2022). The reduced costs was mainly due to the former CEO forfeiting the  
2022 program.  
Remaining value to be expensed relating to current programs is EUR 2.6m  
(EUR 2.6m in 2022). The weighted average remaining contractual life of  
performance shares at the end of the period was 1.1 years (1.1 years in  
2022).  
2.4 Research
and development  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Research and development costs  
- staff costs  
6.0  
5.2  
Research and development costs  
- other costs  
31.7  
32.1  
Total research and development costs  
37.7  
37.3  
Recognized as follows:  
Expensed in the income statement  
7.1  
6.0  
Capitalized in the balance sheet  
30.6  
31.3  
Total research and development costs  
37.7  
37.3  
Assumptions  
At grant date the fair value of awarded Performance shares has been calcu-  
lated based on the number of awarded shares, the percentage of shares  
expected to vest as well as the share price at grant date. As dividends are not  
expected they have not been incorporated into the measurement of fair value.  
Performance shares  
Executive  
Other  
outstanding  
management employees  
Total  
1 January 2022  
67,948  
143,097  
211,045  
Shares granted during the year  
30,554  
42,335  
72,889  
Shares vested during the year  
and other movements  
-10,586  
-50,908  
-61,494  
31 December 2022  
87,916  
134,524  
222,440  
1 January 2023  
87,916  
134,524  
222,440  
Shares granted during the year  
24,357  
37,182  
61,539  
Shares vested during the year  
and other movements  
-65,598  
-39,929  
-105,527  
31 December 2023  
46,675  
131,777  
178,452  
Accounting policy  
Research costs are expensed in the income statement as they occur.  
Clearly defined and identifiable development projects are recognized as  
intangible assets provided that the following requirements are met: The  
technical feasibility, adequacy of resources and a potential future market  
can be demonstrated, it is intended to manufacture, market or utilize  
the project, the cost can be reliably determined, and there is reason-  
able certainty that the future earnings or net selling prices can cover the  
carrying amount as well as the development costs necessary to finalize  
the project. Other development costs are expensed in the income state-  
ment as incurred. Capitalized development projects are measured at cost  
less accumulated amortization and impairment losses. The cost includes  
wages, amortization and other costs relating to the Group’s development  
activities. On completion of the development work, development projects  
are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful life from  
the date the asset is available for use. The amortization period is usually  
3–10 years. The amortization base is reduced by any impairment losses.  
Accounting policy  
The share-based payments contain internal performance measures and  
external market return measures. At the grant date the value of services  
received in exchange for share-based payments are measured at the fair  
value. The fair value of share-based payments is estimated using a valu-  
ation model that takes into account the terms and conditions upon which  
granting took place. During the vesting period, the costs related to the  
plans are recognized as staff costs and an equal amount is recognized in  
equity. For the internal performance targets, costs are recognized over the  
vesting period based on the number of shares expected to vest, whereas  
for the market return elements, costs are recognized over the vesting  
period disregarding any changes in the number of shares expected to vest.  
 
73  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 2 – Profit for the year  
2.5 Tax  
Tax Approach  
NKT Group complies with the tax legislation of the countries in which it  
operates and seeks to pay the right amount of tax in the countries where it  
creates value.  
NKT Group only uses business structures that are driven by commercial  
consideration and have the genuine substance.  
NKT Group does not operate in tax havens. In accordance with NKT  
Group’s tax policy, any future operations in tax havens will be purely of  
commercial reasons.  
NKT Group believes in collaboration and transparency regarding its tax  
matters and actively pursues opportunities to engage with tax authorities  
and other relevant stakeholders with the purpose of building trust through  
collaboration and openness.  
NKT Group realized earnings before tax (EBT) of EUR 148.8m (EUR 78.3m  
in 2022), which resulted in a reported tax rate of 20.2% (29.6% in 2022).  
The reported tax rate of 20.2% was primarily impacted by operations in  
countries with a different tax rate relative to the Danish tax rate.  
It is expected that OECD Pillar 2 will have an immaterial impact on NKT  
Group in 2024.  
In 2023, NKT Group paid a net amount of EUR 24.7m in corporate income  
tax compared to paying a net amount of EUR 15.3m in 2022.  
Earnings realized in NKT Group's Danish companies resulted in a corporate  
tax receivable of EUR 11.3m (Corporate tax payable of EUR 3.3m in 2022).  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Tax recognized in the income statement  
Current tax  
25.2  
11.1  
Current tax, adj. prior years  
3.8  
1.5  
Deferred tax  
8.1  
13.6  
Deferred tax, adj. prior years  
-7.0  
-3.0  
30.1  
23.2  
Tax rate for the year  
20.2%  
29.6%  
Reconciliation of tax:  
Calculated 22.0% tax on earnings  
before tax  
32.7  
17.2  
Tax effect of:  
Foreign tax rates relative to Danish tax rate  
-4.7  
-5.0  
Non-taxable income/  
non-deductible expenses, net  
4.0  
-4.1  
Adjustment for previous years  
-3.2  
-1.5  
Value adjustment of tax assets  
1.3  
16.6  
30.1  
23.2  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Deferred tax, 1 January, net  
-43.2  
-46.9  
Tax recognized in other comprehensive income  
-15.0  
-20.2  
Tax recognized on deferred hedge gains and  
losses transferred from equity to inventory  
34.6  
30.4  
Addition from acquisitions  
0.0  
-0.9  
Deferred tax recognized in income statement  
-1.1  
-10.6  
Transferred to assets held for sale  
0.0  
2.4  
Foreign exchange adjustment  
0.3  
2.6  
Deferred tax, 31 December, net  
-24.4  
-43.2  
Recognized deferred tax:  
Deferred tax assets, 31 December  
12.3  
11.7  
Deferred tax liabilities, 31 December  
-36.7  
-54.9  
Deferred tax, 31 December, net  
-24.4  
-43.2  
Specification on deferred tax assets and  
liabilities:  
Intangible assets  
-25.9  
-22.7  
Tangible assets  
-11.2  
-13.3  
Other non-current assets  
0.3  
1.4  
Current assets  
-53.8  
-65.1  
Non-current liabilities  
5.2  
5.8  
Current liabilities  
6.2  
13.7  
Tax losses  
149.0  
128.7  
Valuation allowance, unrecognized tax assets  
-94.5  
-92.7  
Other  
0.3  
1.0  
Deferred tax, 31 December, net  
-24.4  
-43.2  
 
74  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 2 – Profit for the year  
2.5 Tax
– continued  
Significant estimates  
The measurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities is based on the  
corporate tax rate applicable in the years when the assets and liabilities are  
expected to be utilized. The measurement of the tax assets is based on  
budgets and estimates for the coming years, which by nature are subject  
to uncertainty. As a result, there can be a substantial difference between  
the expected use of the tax asset and actual use of the tax asset related to  
previous years in the consolidated income statement.  
The majority of the deferred tax assets relate to NKT Group’s German tax  
unit. The business outlook and high-voltage order backlog have improved  
significantly during 2023, which has led to further capitalization of tax  
losses carried forward. The tax losses carried forward from the German tax  
unit increased from EUR 387.9m in 2022 to EUR 448.7m in 2023. The total  
deferred tax value amounts to EUR 143.6m. NKT Group has recognized a  
deferred tax asset of EUR 50.3m at year-end 2023 (EUR 30.7m in 2022).  
Tax losses in Germany have no expiry date.  
The tax losses carried forward in the Swedish tax unit were fully utilized  
during 2023. Further, a deferred tax asset of EUR 1.1m relating to interest  
carried forward has been recognized in 2023 (EUR 11.3m in 2022). The  
deferred tax asset has been fully offset against a deferred tax liability.  
The tax losses carried forward at end-2023 in the Danish tax unit amount to  
EUR 18.6m. NKT Group has recognized a deferred tax asset of EUR 4.1m  
(EUR 0.0m in 2022). Tax losses in Denmark have no expiry date.  
Accounting policy  
Current income tax  
Tax for the period, consists of the year’s current tax, change in deferred tax  
and adjustments related to previous years. Tax for the period is recognized  
in the income statement including the effect of coupon payments on the  
hybrid capital. Tax relating to other items is recognized in other comprehen-  
sive income.  
Current tax payable and receivable is recognized in the balance sheet as  
tax estimated on taxable income for the year, adjusted for tax on taxable  
income for previous years and for tax paid on account.  
NKT Group reported a net deferred tax liability of EUR 24.4m (EUR 43.2m  
in 2022). The development mainly relates to deferred tax liability related to  
hedge accounting recognized in other comprehensive income and deferred  
tax liability related to timing differences in revenue recognition in Germany  
and recognition of deferred tax asset related to tax losses carried forward  
in Germany and Denmark.  
Management judgement regarding deferred tax assets and provision  
for uncertain tax positions  
Deferred tax assets relating to tax losses carried forward are recognized  
when Management assesses that these can be utilized in the foreseeable  
future. The assessment is performed at the reporting date considering local  
tax legislation and Management’s business plans. Planned changes to  
capital structure are included in the assessment.  
As the NKT Group conducts business around the world, tax and transfer  
pricing disputes with local tax authorities may occur. When assessing the  
expected outcome of these possible disputes, NKT Group applies IFRIC  
23 ‘Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments’ and methods directed herein  
when making provisions for uncertain tax positions. As this is an assess-  
ment, the actual obligations may deviate and will depend on the result of  
litigations and settlements with the tax authorities. Any taxes relating to tax  
disputes are included in ‘Income tax receivables’, ‘Income tax payables’ or  
‘Deferred tax’ based on an assessment of the most likely outcome of the  
disputes.  
Deferred tax  
Deferred tax is measured according to the balance sheet liability method  
on all temporary differences between the carrying amount and the tax base  
of assets and liabilities. However, deferred tax is not recognised on taxable  
temporary differences relating to goodwill and on temporary differences  
arising on the initial recognition of an asset and liability which affects neither  
accounting profit nor taxable income and does not result in a deductible  
and taxable temporary difference of the same amount. Where alternative  
taxation rules can be applied to determine the tax base, deferred tax is  
measured according to Group Management’s planned use of the assets or  
settlement of the liabilities, respectively.  
Deferred tax assets, including the tax base of tax losses allowed for carry  
forward, are recognized at their expected utilization value within the fore-  
seeable future.  
Deferred tax assets and tax liabilities are offset if the company has a legal  
right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and intends to settle current  
tax assets and liabilities on a net basis or to realize the assets and liabilities  
simultaneously.  
 
75  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 3 – Non-current assets and liabilities  
3.1 Intangible
assets  
Trademarks,  
Development  
Intangible  
Total  
patents and  
projects  
assets under  
Intangible  
Amounts in EURm  
Goodwill  
licences etc.  
IT software  
completed  
development  
assets  
Cost, 1 January 2022  
404.4  
100.4  
82.2  
83.5  
89.0  
759.5  
Disposal of subsidiary  
0.0  
-1.7  
0.0  
-7.7  
-2.3  
-11.7  
Additions  
0.0  
0.0  
1.1  
0.2  
39.3  
40.6  
Disposals  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
-0.4  
-0.1  
-0.5  
Transferred between classes of assets  
0.0  
0.0  
1.5  
8.8  
-10.3  
0.0  
Transferred to assets held for sale  
-25.3  
-26.9  
-7.8  
-17.9  
-24.4  
-102.3  
Exchange rate adjustments  
-28.7  
-5.6  
-0.4  
-3.2  
-3.5  
-41.4  
Costs, 31 December 2022  
350.4  
66.2  
76.6  
63.3  
87.7  
644.2  
Amortization and impairment, 1 January 2022  
0.0  
-46.0  
-40.0  
-51.8  
0.0  
-137.8  
Disposal of subsidiary  
0.0  
1.2  
0.0  
5.8  
0.0  
7.0  
Amortization for the year  
0.0  
-6.3  
-8.5  
-11.6  
0.0  
-26.4  
Disposals  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.4  
0.0  
0.4  
Transferred to assets held for sale  
0.0  
22.3  
2.7  
12.3  
0.0  
37.3  
Exchange rate adjustments  
0.0  
2.0  
0.4  
1.3  
0.0  
3.7  
Amortization and impairment, 31 December 2022  
0.0  
-26.8  
-45.4  
-43.6  
0.0  
-115.8  
Carrying amount, 31 December 2022  
350.4  
39.4  
31.2  
19.7  
87.7  
528.4  
Cost, 1 January 2023  
350.4  
66.2  
76.6  
63.3  
87.7  
644.2  
Additions  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
33.6  
33.6  
Transferred between classes of assets  
0.0  
0.0  
0.3  
24.7  
-25.0  
0.0  
Exchange rate adjustments  
0.5  
0.1  
0.0  
0.3  
0.5  
1.4  
Costs, 31 December 2023  
350.9  
66.3  
76.9  
88.3  
96.8  
679.2  
Amortization and impairment, 1 January 2023  
0.0  
-26.8  
-45.4  
-43.6  
0.0  
-115.8  
Amortization for the year  
0.0  
-4.2  
-7.2  
-7.0  
0.0  
-18.4  
Impairment  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
-0.4  
0.0  
-0.4  
Exchange rate adjustments  
0.0  
-0.1  
0.1  
-0.2  
0.0  
-0.2  
Amortization and impairment, 31 December 2023  
0.0  
-31.1  
-52.5  
-51.2  
0.0  
-134.8  
Carrying amount, 31 December 2023  
350.9  
35.2  
24.4  
37.1  
96.8  
544.4  
NKT Group’s investments in  
non-current assets form a basis  
for the Group’s operation and  
non-current liabilities arising as  
a result thereof. The non-current  
liabilities in this section are  
regarded as non interest-bearing.  
NKT  
Investment ratio*  
14%  
(13% in 2022)  
Solutions  
Headroom in impairment test  
1,898m  
(831m in 2022)  
Solutions  
CAPEX**  
202.5m  
(156.8m in 2022)  
*
Investment ratio is calculated as additions for continuing  
operations in % of revenue SP  
** Including additions from IFRS 16 (leasing)  
 
76  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 3 – Non-current assets and liabilities  
3.1 Intangible
assets – continued  
3.2 Property,
plant and equipment  
Right-of-use assets are recognized as follows:  
Manufacturing  
Fixtures,  
Land and  
plant and  
fittings, tools  
Amounts in EURm  
buildings  
machinery and
equipment  
Total  
Cost, 1 January 2022  
40.6  
7.1  
0.9  
48.6  
Addition for the year  
1.8  
0.0  
0.0  
1.8  
Disposal of subsidiaries  
-0.5  
0.0  
0.0  
-0.5  
Depreciation of right of use assets  
-5.4  
-1.0  
-0.4  
-6.8  
Transferred to assets held for sale  
-6.5  
0.0  
0.0  
-6.5  
Exchange rate adjustments  
-1.0  
0.0  
0.0  
-1.0  
The carrying amount of right-of-use  
assets, 31 December 2022  
29.0  
6.1  
0.5  
35.6  
Cost, 1 January 2023  
29.0  
6.1  
0.5  
35.6  
Addition for the year  
31.9  
0.0  
0.0  
31.9  
Depreciation of right of use assets  
-4.6  
-1.0  
-0.4  
-6.0  
Exchange rate adjustments  
0.2  
0.0  
0.0  
0.2  
The carrying amount of right-of-use  
assets, 31 December 2023  
56.5  
5.1  
0.1  
61.7  
Amounts recognized in the income statement:  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Costs relating to other immaterial leases including short term and low value leases,  
recognized in the income statement  
11.0  
7.8  
Lease liabilities and interests relating to recognized lease contracts are included in Section 5.4 and 5.5 respectively.  
Future minimum lease payments relating to leases not recognized in the balance sheet amount to EUR 26.8m (EUR  
11.6m in 2022).  
Accounting policy  
Goodwill is initially recognized in the balance sheet at  
cost. Subsequently, goodwill is measured at cost less  
accumulated impairment losses and is not amortized.  
The carrying amount of goodwill is allocated to NKT  
Group’s cash-generating units at the acquisition date.  
Cash-generating units is based on the managerial  
structure and internal financial control. As a result  
of the integration of acquisitions in the existing NKT  
Group, and identification of operating segments  
based on the presence of segment managers, Group  
Management finds that the smallest cash-generating  
units to which the carrying amount of goodwill can be  
allocated during testing for impairment are identical to  
the reportable segments.  
Intangible assets under development consists of  
clearly defined and identifiable development projects  
where the following requirements are met: The tech-  
nical feasibility, adequacy of resources and a potential  
future market can be demonstrated, it is intended to  
manufacture, market or utilize the project, the cost  
can be reliably determined, and there is reason-  
able certainty that the future earnings or net selling  
prices can cover the carrying amount as well as the  
development costs necessary to finalize the project.  
as incurred. Intangible assets under development  
are measured at cost less accumulated impairment  
losses. The cost includes wages, amortization and  
other costs relating to the Group’s development  
activities. On completion the development work is  
transferred to Development projects completed or IT  
software.  
Other intangible assets, which includes IT software,  
trademarks, patents and licences, are measured at  
cost less accumulated amortization and impairment  
losses and are amortized on a straight-line basis over  
the remaining patent or contract period or the useful  
life, whichever is the shorter.  
Expected useful life is determined as follow:  
Trademarks, patents and licences, etc.  
3-15 years  
IT software  
3-8 years  
Completed development projects  
2-8 years  
 
77  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 3 – Non-current assets and liabilities  
3.2 Property,
plant and equipment – continued  
Manufacturing  
Fixtures, fittings,
Property, plant and  
Total property,  
Land  
plant and  
tools and  
equipment under  
plant and  
Amounts in EURm  
and buildings  
machinery  
equipment  
construction  
equipment  
Cost, 1 January 2022  
410.6  
675.0  
131.5  
192.2  
1,409.3  
Additions  
4.2  
20.6  
2.6  
134.5  
161.9  
Additions through business combinations  
6.4  
12.7  
0.2  
1.6  
20.9  
Disposal of subsidiary  
-1.6  
-0.3  
-3.9  
0.0  
-5.8  
Disposals  
-0.4  
-7.3  
-2.2  
-1.3  
-11.2  
Transferred between classes of assets  
33.4  
53.2  
16.2  
-102.8  
0.0  
Transferred to assets held for sale  
-20.9  
-16.5  
-9.5  
-3.4  
-50.3  
Exchange rate adjustments  
-13.9  
-10.2  
-5.8  
-11.3  
-41.2  
Cost, 31 December 2022  
417.8  
727.2  
129.1  
209.5  
1,483.6  
Depreciation and impairment, 1 January 2022  
-122.2  
-417.5  
-85.9  
-0.8  
-626.4  
Depreciation for the year  
-15.5  
-37.7  
-12.4  
0.0  
-65.6  
Disposal of subsidiary  
1.1  
0.0  
3.4  
0.0  
4.5  
Disposals  
0.2  
7.1  
2.2  
0.8  
10.3  
Transferred to assets held for sale  
8.7  
13.7  
5.8  
0.0  
28.2  
Exchange rate adjustments  
2.3  
5.1  
2.8  
0.0  
10.2  
Depreciation and impairment, 31 December 2022  
-125.4  
-429.3  
-84.1  
0.0  
-638.8  
Carrying amount, 31 December 2022  
292.4  
297.9  
45.0  
209.5  
844.8  
Cost, 1 January 2023  
417.8  
727.2  
129.1  
209.5  
1,483.6  
Additions  
31.9  
13.2  
4.4  
186.6  
236.1  
Disposals  
-17.9  
-8.3  
-1.7  
0.0  
-27.9  
Transferred between classes of assets  
67.3  
107.8  
20.2  
-195.3  
0.0  
Exchange rate adjustments  
1.6  
5.3  
0.7  
0.2  
7.8  
Cost, 31 December 2023  
500.7  
845.2  
152.7  
201.0  
1,699.6  
Depreciation and impairment, 1 January 2023  
-125.4  
-429.3  
-84.1  
0.0  
-638.8  
Depreciation for the year  
-15.7  
-42.8  
-12.6  
0.0  
-71.1  
Impairment  
0.0  
0.0  
-0.1  
0.0  
-0.1  
Disposals  
17.9  
8.2  
1.7  
0.0  
27.8  
Transferred between classes of assets  
-0.1  
0.1  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
Exchange rate adjustments  
-0.3  
-2.4  
-0.8  
0.0  
-3.5  
Depreciation and impairment, 31 December 2023  
-123.6  
-466.2  
-95.9  
0.0  
-685.7  
Carrying amount, 31 December 2023  
377.1  
379.0  
56.8  
201.0  
1,013.9  
Accounting policy  
Contracts relating to leased equipment are usually  
made for a fixed period, whereas lease contracts for  
buildings and land in some instances include an option  
to extend the lease. When assessing the life of the  
leases, NKT considers the non-cancellable lease term  
and options to extend the lease where it is reasonably  
certain to extend. The lease period of offices and sales  
buildings are assessed to be approximately 3-10 years,  
for production facilities 5-10 years and for land up to  
20 years. For other assets the lease term is equal to  
the non-cancelable lease period and extensions are  
not considered. The right-of-use asset is depreciated  
over the shorter of the asset’s useful life and the lease  
term on a straight-line basis.  
Payments related to short-term leases and leases  
of low-value assets continue to be recognized on  
a straight-line basis as an expense in the income  
statement. Low-value assets mainly comprise minor  
buildings, cars, forklifts, IT-equipment and other office  
equipment.  
NKT Group has no leases where the rent is variable  
depending on revenue, etc. Some contracts are  
exposed to future increases in variable lease payments  
based on an index or rate, which are included in the  
lease liability when they take effect.  
Property, plant and equipment are measured at cost  
less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses.  
 
78  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 3 – Non-current assets and liabilities  
3.2 Property,
plant and equipment – continued  
3.3 Impairment
test  
Result of the annual impairment test  
At 31 December 2023, the carrying amount of goodwill, other intangible  
assets and tangible assets were tested for impairment. The impairment test  
showed no goodwill impairment for 2023 (no goodwill impairment in 2022).  
The recoverable amount per cash-generating unit exceeded the carrying  
amount of goodwill, other intangible assets and other assets allocated to  
the cash-generating unit with the following amounts at 31 December:  
Headroom in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Cash-generating units  
Solutions  
1,898  
831  
Service & Accessories  
256  
120  
Cash-generating units  
Cash-generating units identified in NKT Group are similar to the operating  
segments, being Solutions, Applications and Service & Accessories. These  
are considered to be the lowest level of cash-generating units as defined by  
management.  
The definition of cash-generating units is based on the smallest identifiable  
group of assets that together generate cash inflows from continued use  
and which are independent of the cash flows from other assets or groups  
of assets.  
The definition of cash-generating units complies with the managerial  
structure and the internal financial reporting in NKT Group. For impairment  
test purposes, tangible assets and intangible assets are allocated to the  
respective cash-generating units.  
Significant estimates  
Goodwill  
Goodwill has been allocated to the cash-generating units according to the  
split presented below. The goodwill level in Applications was immaterial and  
the assumptions for the impairment test of goodwill are not described any  
further for this cash-generating unit. The carrying amount of goodwill was  
as follows:  
Accounting policy  
The cost comprises the purchase price and any costs directly attributable  
to the acquisition. The cost of self-constructed assets comprises costs of  
materials, components, subcontractors and wages. The cost is supple-  
mented by the present value of estimated liabilities related to dismantling  
and removing the asset and restoring the site on which the asset was  
utilized.  
Subsequent costs, e.g. relating to replacement of parts of an item of prop-  
erty, plant and equipment, are recognized in the carrying amount of the  
asset if it is likely that the costs will result in future economic benefits for  
the Group. All other costs relating to ordinary repair and maintenance are  
recognized in the income statement as incurred.  
Depreciation is done on a straight-line basis over the expected useful life of  
the assets, as follows:  
Buildings  
10 – 50 years  
Manufacturing plant and machinery  
4 – 20 years  
Fixtures, fittings, tools and equipment  
3 – 15 years  
Vessel  
20 years  
Land is not depreciated  
If individual parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different  
useful lives, they are depreciated separately.  
The basis of depreciation is calculated according to the residual value less  
impairment losses. The residual value is determined at the acquisition date  
and reviewed annually. If the residual value exceeds the carrying amount,  
depreciation is discontinued.  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Solutions  
298.8  
298.1  
Applications  
6.5  
6.7  
Service & Accessories  
45.6  
45.6  
Total  
350.9  
350.4  
Key Assumptions  
The recoverable amount is based on a value-in-use calculation. For all  
cash-generating units, the calculation uses cash flow projections (budget  
period) based on financial budget for 2024 and financial forecasts for  
2025–2028, hence a 5 year budget period. Significant parameters in these  
estimates are revenue growth, EBITDA margin, discount rate, working  
capital and growth expectations for the terminal period.  
The discount rate has been revised for each cash-generating unit to reflect  
the latest market assumptions for the risk-free rate based on a 10-year  
German government bond, the equity risk premium and the cost of debt.  
The long-term growth rate for the terminal period is based on the expected  
growth in the world economy as well as long-term development for the  
industries and markets in which the cash-generating units operate.  
Group Management determines, as illustrated on the following page, the  
expected annual growth rate in the budget period, the expected margins  
based on historical experience and the assumptions about expected market  
developments.  
 
79  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 3 – Non-current assets and liabilities  
3.3 Impairment
test – continued  
Accounting policy  
Goodwill, intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and development  
projects are tested at least annually for impairment, and furthermore when a  
trigger event occurs.  
The carrying amount of goodwill is tested for impairment together with the  
other non-current assets in the cash-generating unit to which goodwill is allo-  
cated. The recoverable amount is generally computed as the present value of  
the expected future net cash flows from the business or activity (cash-gener-  
ating unit) to which goodwill is allocated.  
Solutions  
Budget period  
Terminal period  
2023  
2022  
2023  
2022  
Key assumptions  
Average revenue growth rate  
12.2%  
13.0%  
-
-
Average EBITDA margin  
20.2%  
17.5%  
-
-
Growth rate  
-
-
2.0%  
2.0%  
Average working capital ratio
-103.8%  
-46.3%  
-
-
Discount rate after tax  
9.5%  
10.0%  
9.5%  
10.0%  
Discount rate before tax  
12.6%  
13.3%  
12.6%  
13.3%  
No reasonably possible change in assumptions could lead to an impairment.  
Service & Accessories  
Budget period  
Terminal period  
2023  
2022  
2023  
2022  
Key assumptions  
Average revenue growth rate  
6.4%  
4.6%  
-
-
Average EBITDA margin  
16.6%  
11.9%  
-
-
Growth rate  
-
-
2.0%  
2.0%  
Average working capital ratio  
13.2%  
13.2%  
-
-
Discount rate after tax  
9.2%  
9.7%  
9.2%  
9.7%  
Discount rate before tax  
12.5%  
13.1%  
12.5%  
13.1%  
No reasonably possible change in assumptions could lead to an impairment.  
Other non-current assets  
The carrying amount of other non-current assets is tested when a trigger  
event occurs which could indicate an impairment, in which case, the recov-  
erable amount of the asset is determined. The recoverable amount is the fair  
value of the asset less anticipated cost of disposal, or its value-in-use, which-  
ever is the higher.  
The value-in-use is calculated as the present value of expected future cash  
flows from the asset or the cash-generating unit of which the asset is part.  
In 2023, Solutions was awarded high-voltage projects with a combined  
value of EUR 7bn, resulting in a high-voltage order backlog of EUR 10.8bn  
at the end of the year. This was a record-high annual order intake for NKT  
and the largest backlog position in company history. NKT is now firmly  
entrenched as a key supplier of high-voltage DC technology; and will play  
a key role in enabling the transition to renewable energy, especially across  
Europe. The need for more moden and interconnected power grids,  
capable of meeting structurally higher demand for electricity, continues to  
be a key growth driver for Solutions. NKT is well positioned to benefit and  
launched a EUR 1bn investment program in May 2023 to support future  
profitable growth. The majority of near-term demand continues to stem  
from Europe, however the US and Asia are expected to become increas-  
ingly relevant in the years to come.  
Following a record-high level of awards in 2022, NKT anticipates that its  
average addressable high-voltage market will be above EUR 10bn per year  
between 2024 and 2030. Assessing future awards to NKT is by nature  
subject to uncertainty, and the value-in-use calculation of the Solution  
cash-generating unit is sensitive to changes in the actual share of projects  
awarded to NKT. However, the high-voltage order backlog at end-2023  
provides higher certainty regarding future revenue and earnings.  
Power cable services and accessories are crucial aspects of the power cable  
value chain. The Service & Accessories business line is - to a large degree -  
dependent on the same market drivers as Solutions. Power grid modernisa-  
tion and extensions and growth in the installation of high-voltage power cable  
systems as well as ageing infastructure are expected to drive demand for  
Service. In Accessories, the transition to renewable energy and the continued  
electrification of societies are driving strong demand for high- and medium-  
voltage power cable accessories. These trends are set to continue and the  
market outlook for the segment is positive in the years to come.  
Recognition of impairment loss in the income statement  
Impairment is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset or a cash-gen-  
erating unit exceeds the respective recoverable amount. The impairment is  
recognized in the income statement and impairment of goodwill is recognized  
in a separate line item in the income statement.  
Impairment of goodwill is not reversed. Impairment of other assets is reversed  
in the event of changes having taken place in the conditions and estimates on  
which the impairment calculation was based. Impairment is only reversed if  
the new carrying amount of the asset does not exceed the carrying amount  
that would have applied after amortization if the asset had not been impaired.  
In 2023, Service & Accessories achieved revenue growth, despite limited  
offshore repair work within the Service business, reflecting positive  
developments within Accessories. Despite the higher revenue level, the  
operational EBITDA margin decreased due to low activity in the offshore  
repair business. Despite the lower margin, the business line is becoming  
more robust and less dependent on service repairs. Other segments  
continued to perform positively, including NKT's onshore business, where  
NKT performed well across the majority of its addressable markets. This  
included onshore service repair work, as well as a steady level of mainte-  
nance projects throughout the year. Structural growth trends continue to  
positively impact NKT's Accessories business, which grew revenues and  
operational EBITDA in 2023.  
 
80  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 3 – Non-current assets and liabilities  
3.3 Impairment
test – continued  
3.4 Provisions
and pension liabilities  
Warranty Restructuring  
Other  
Pension  
Amounts in EURm  
provision  
provision  
provisions liabilities,
net  
Total  
Provisions, 1 January 2023  
0.9  
9.2  
24.0  
41.3  
75.4  
Additions in the year  
3.3  
0.2  
19.4  
1.6  
24.5  
Used during the year  
-0.1  
-3.6  
-4.4  
-2.0  
-10.1  
Reversed during the year  
-0.2  
-0.3  
-7.9  
0.0  
-8.4  
Exchange rate adjustment  
0.0  
0.1  
0.4  
0.0  
0.5  
Actuarial gains/losses on defined benefit pension plans  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
-1.4  
-1.4  
Provisions, 31 December 2023  
3.9  
5.6  
31.5  
39.5  
80.5  
Provisions are recognized in the balance sheet as:  
Non-current liabilities  
0.0  
0.4  
10.8  
39.5  
50.7  
Current liabilities  
3.9  
5.2  
20.7  
0.0  
29.8  
Total  
3.9  
5.6  
31.5  
39.5  
80.5  
Sensitivity to changes in assumptions  
No sensitivity analysis has been presented due to no reasonably possible  
change in assumptions could lead to an impairment. Changes in more  
assumptions at once is not considered. The general assumption, that NKT  
will be awarded its fair share of future projects, is not considered separately.  
It is Management’s assessment that likely changes in the key assumption  
will not cause the carrying amount of goodwill to exceed the recoverable  
amount.  
Actuarial gains related to the pension liabilities are recognized in other  
comprehensive income. The pension liability also include other long term  
benefits relating to anniversary bonuses, etc., amounting to EUR 2.2m (EUR  
2.0m in 2022). At the end of 2023, there were no plan assets to be offset in  
the present value of the liability.  
Actuarial assumptions applied  
2023  
2022  
Discount rate  
3.8%  
3.4%  
Future salary increases  
3.0%  
3.0%  
Future pension increases  
2.3%  
2.2%  
Sensitivity analysis  
The table below shows the sensitivity of the liability to changes in key  
assumptions for the measurement of the pension liabilities, net. The analysis  
is based on the changes in the applied key assumptions considered reason-  
ably likely provided the other parameters in the calculation are unchanged.  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
+0.5%-point in discount rate  
-2.0  
-2.2  
-0.5%-point in discount rate  
2.2  
2.5  
+0.5%-point in future pension increase  
2.0  
2.2  
-0.5%-point in future pension increase  
-1.9  
-2.0  
A change in the salary increase of 0.5%-points is not considered to have a  
material effect.  
 
81  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 3 – Non-current assets and liabilities  
3.4 Provisions
and pension liabilities – continued  
Accounting policy  
The provisions recognized are Management’s best estimate of the amount  
required to settle the obligation. Warranty provisions are recognized in  
connection with the sale of goods and services based on the level of  
warranty expenses incurred in previous years. Restructuring costs are  
recognized under liabilities when a detailed, formal restructuring plan is  
announced to the affected parties on or before the balance sheet date. A  
provision for onerous contracts is recognized when the expected benefits  
to be derived by the Group from a contract are lower than the Group’s  
unavoidable costs for meeting its contractual obligations. Provisions for  
dismantling are measured at the present value of the expected cost at the  
balance sheet date. The present value of the costs is included in the cost  
of the relevant tangible assets and depreciated accordingly. The addition  
of interests on provisions are recognized in the income statement under  
financial expenses.  
For the Group’s defined benefit plans, an annual actuarial calculation  
(the Projected Unit Credit Method) of the present value of future benefits  
payable under the plan is provided. The present value is determined based  
on assumptions about the future development in variables such as salary  
levels, interest rates, inflation and mortality. The present value is determined  
only for benefits earned by employees from their employment within the  
Group. The actuarial present value less the fair value of any plan assets is  
recognized in the balance sheet under pension liabilities.  
Pension expenses and other long-term employee benefits are recognized  
in the income statement based on actuarial estimates and financial expec-  
tations at the start of the year. Actuarial gains or losses are recognized in  
other comprehensive income.  
If a pension plan constitutes a net asset, the asset is only recognized if it  
offsets cumulative actuarial losses or future refunds from the plan, or if it will  
lead to reduced future payments to the plan.  
 
82  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 4 – Working capital  
4.2 Inventories  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Raw materials, consumables  
and goods for resale  
145.1  
154.5  
Work in progress  
76.4  
73.2  
Finished goods  
89.8  
107.2  
Inventories, 31 December  
311.3  
334.9  
Write-down of inventories, 1 January  
7.4  
17.0  
Write-down of inventories for the year  
7.9  
1.0  
Disposals from sales  
0.0  
0.0  
Scrapping  
-1.8  
-7.1  
Transfer to assets held for sale  
0.0  
-3.5  
Write-down of inventories, 31 December  
13.5  
7.4  
4.1 Changes
in working capital in cash flow  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Inventory  
10.5  
-62.0  
Trade receivables and other receivables  
-59.8  
-71.2  
Contract assets and contract liabilities  
349.7  
225.2  
Trade payables and other liabilities  
19.4  
93.1  
Total  
319.8  
185.1  
The numbers in the table above cannot be derived directly from the balance  
sheet.  
NKT Group’s working capital represents the  
assets and liabilities necessary to support  
the day-to-day operations. Working capital  
is defined as current assets less current  
liabilities, excluding interest-bearing items  
and provisions.  
NKT  
Applications  
Working capital  
Working capital  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Reconciliation to change in working  
capital in cash flow  
Working capital 1 January  
-303.0  
-59.6  
Reclassification of discontinued operations  
1 January  
0.0  
-33.6  
Working capital 31 December  
-708.8  
-303.0  
Change in working capital based on  
balance sheet  
-405.8  
-209.8  
Effect of unrealized hedges reported  
on Equity  
86.8  
18.7  
Effect of changes in current tax  
6.0  
4.6  
Effect of changes in exchange rates, etc.  
-6.8  
1.4  
Change in working capital based on  
cash flow statement  
-319.8  
-185.1  
-708.8m 38.9m  
(-303.0m in 2022)  
(89.7m in 2022)  
Solutions  
Service & Accessories  
Accounting policy  
Inventories are measured at cost in accordance with the FIFO method or at  
a weighted average. If the net realizable value is lower than cost, inventories  
are written down to this lower value.  
Raw materials, consumables and goods for resale are measured at cost,  
comprising purchase price plus delivery costs.  
Finished goods and work in progress are measured at cost, comprising  
direct costs and production overheads.  
Working capital  
Working capital  
-739.1m 31.0m  
(-437.2m in 2022)  
(36.2m in 2022)  
 
83  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 4 – Working capital  
4.3 Receivables  
In NKT Group, receivables comprise trade and other receivables from  
external companies, other receivables from derivative financial instruments  
and prepayments. Receivables are measured at amortized cost, which in  
all material respects corresponds to fair value and nominal value.  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Trade receivables  
233.8  
208.7  
Other receivables incl. derivatives  
274.3  
283.1  
Prepayments  
17.1  
30.7  
Receivables  
525.2  
522.5  
Of the receivables, EUR 0.1m are expected to be received later than 12  
months from the reporting date (EUR 0.1m in 2022).  
Accounting policy  
Trade receivables are at initial recognition measured at their transaction  
price less allowance for expected credit losses over the lifetime and are  
subsequently measured at amortized cost adjusted for changes to the  
expected credit losses. Expected credit losses at initial recognition are  
calculated for portfolios of receivables that share credit risk characteristics  
and is based on historical experience and, when applicable, adjusted for  
factors that are specific to the debtors and general economic conditions.  
The portfolios are primarily based on the debtor’s domicile and credit  
rating in accordance with NKT Groups credit risk management policy, see  
Section 5.6.  
When there is an indication of impairment, expected credit losses are  
calculated at individual level and when there are no reasonable expecta-  
tions of recovering, the receivable is written off in part or entirely.  
The allowances for expected credit losses and write-offs for trade receiva-  
bles are recognized in the income statement as Other costs.  
Development in the allowance for credit losses  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Trade receivables, gross  
235.3  
211.4  
Allowance for credit losses  
Allowance for credit losses, 1 January  
2.7  
3.2  
Additions during the year  
0.3  
0.6  
Reversed during the year  
-0.9  
-0.6  
Used during the year  
-0.7  
-0.3  
Transferred to assets held for sale  
0.0  
-0.2  
Exchange rate adjustments  
0.1  
0.0  
Allowance for credit losses, 31 December  
1.5  
2.7  
Trade receivables, net  
233.8  
208.7  
Impairment on trade receivables amounted to 0% of trade receivables from  
1% in 2022. For further information on credit risks, please see Section 5.6.  
In 2023, credit losses recognized in the income statement count for 0%  
of total revenue (0% of total revenue in 2022). The expected loss rates are  
updated at every reporting date.  
 
84  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 4 – Working capital  
4.4 Contract
assets and liabilities  
Contract assets comprise the sales value of work performed on construc-  
tion contracts, where NKT Group does not yet possess an unconditional  
right to payment, as the work performed has not been approved by the  
customer. Contract liabilities comprise contractual unconditional invoicing  
for work not yet performed.  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Construction contracts  
Contract value of work in progress  
2,876.0  
1,614.3  
Progress billing  
-3,607.2  
-2,155.4  
-731.2  
-541.1  
Recognized as contract assets  
106.9  
98.2  
Recognized as contract liabilities  
-838.1  
-639.3  
-731.2  
-541.1  
Construction contracts  
838.1  
639.3  
Prepayments for construction contracts  
184.3  
19.9  
Other prepayments from customers  
9.9  
18.4  
Deferred income  
4.3  
0.0  
Total contract liabilities  
1,036.6  
677.6  
Accounting policy  
Construction contracts  
Construction contracts are measured at the selling price of the work  
performed less progress billings and anticipated losses. If the value of work  
performed exceeds progress billings, the excess is recognized as contract  
assets. and if progress billings exceed the value of work performed, the  
deficit is recognized as contract liabilities. Prepayments from customers are  
recognized under contract liabilities.  
Construction contracts are characterized by a high degree of customization  
in the design of the cables produced. It is furthermore a requirement that  
before commencement of the work, a binding contract is signed that will  
result in a fine or compensation in case of subsequent cancellation. The  
contract value is measured according to the percentage-of-completion,  
which is determined on the basis of an assessment of the work performed,  
calculated as the ratio of expenses incurred compared to total anticipated  
expenses on the contract concerned. When it is probable that the total  
contract costs will exceed the total contract revenue, the anticipated loss  
on the contract is immediately recognized as a provision.  
When income and expenses on a construction contract cannot be deter-  
mined reliably, the contract value is measured as the costs incurred which  
are likely to be recoverable.  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Contract assets, 1 January  
98.2  
97.3  
Addition from revenue recognized  
85.0  
92.7  
Transferred to receivables  
-76.4  
-83.1  
Transferred to assets held for sale  
0.0  
-2.1  
Exchange rate adjustments  
0.1  
-6.6  
Contract assets, 31 December  
106.9  
98.2  
Contract liabilities, 1 January  
677.6  
459.3  
Decrease from revenue recognized  
-445.1  
-278.8  
Prepayments received  
806.3  
509.4  
Transferred to assets held for sale  
0.0  
-0.5  
Exchange rate adjustments  
-2.2  
-11.8  
Contract liabilities, 31 December  
1,036.6  
677.6  
Expected recognition of revenue:  
Within 1 year  
713.0  
468.4  
Within 1-5 years  
323.6  
209.2  
After 5 years  
0.0  
0.0  
1,036.6  
677.6  
Significant estimates  
Construction contracts are measured based on Management’s judgement  
in terms of percentage-of-completion and estimated profit on a project-by-  
project approach to estimate the expected selling prices which affect the  
value recognized in the balance sheet. The estimate includes a risk provi-  
sion, which is based on an assessment of the specific risk that each project  
is exposed to. Therefore, the recognition of revenue and related contract  
assets and liabilities are subject to uncertainty. Management’s estimates  
are based on the most likely outcomes of the projects.  
 
85  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 5 – Capital structure and financial risk management  
5.1 Share
capital  
NKT A/S’ share capital consists of shares with a nominal value of DKK  
20 each. No shares carry special rights. NKT A/S’ Articles of Associa-  
tion specify no limits in respect of ownership or voting right, and Group  
Management is unaware of any agreements in this regard.  
Distribution of dividend to shareholders of NKT A/S has no tax conse-  
quences for the company.  
In July 2023 NKT A/S completed a rights issue resulting in 10,744,009  
new shares. As a result of the issue the Company's share capital as of 31.  
December 2023 amounts to DKK 1,074,400,900 divided into 53,720,045  
shares with a nominal value of DKK 20 each. As per 31. December  
2022 and 2021 the share capital comprised 42,976,036 shares with  
a nominal value of DKK 20 per share. During 2023, 150,000 treasury  
shares were purchased (75,000 during 2022) of which 87,113 are held at  
31 December 2023 (16,055 at 31 December 2022).  
5.2 Earnings
per share  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Profit attributable to equity holders  
113.4  
53.8  
Weighted average number of shares  
50,102,581  
46,485,118  
Dilutive effect of Performance share  
programs  
94,568  
118,219  
Diluted weighted average number of shares  
50,197,149  
46,603,337  
Basic earnings - continuing operations,  
EUR, per share (EPS)  
2.2  
1.0  
Diluted earnings - continuing operations,  
EUR, per share (EPS-D)  
2.1  
1.0  
Basic earnings per share, EUR  
2.3  
1.2  
Diluted earnings per share, EUR  
2.3  
1.1  
Due to the rights issue in 2023 at a price below market price the Weighted  
average number of shares and the Diluted weighted average number of  
shares for 2022 have been restated using the calculated bonus ratio.  
As a consequence the earnings per share numbers for 2022 EPS, continu-  
ing operations, EUR and Diluted EPS, continuing operation, EUR have been  
restated and both have been reduced by 0.1 EUR. Earnings per share for  
earlier years have not been restated due to immaterial impact.  
NKT’s Capital structure targets are related  
to solvency (ratio of minimum 30%) and  
operational EBITDA leverage (ratio up to  
0.0x).  
Financial risk management mainly relates  
to managing the risks related to currency,  
commodities and interest rate risks relating  
to the financing.  
NKT  
Solvency ratio  
44%  
Accounting policy  
Dividend is recognized as a liability at the date of adoption at the Annual  
General Meeting (declaration date). Proposed dividend payments for the  
year are disclosed as a separate item under equity. Interim dividend is  
recognized as a liability at the date when the decision to pay such dividend  
is made.  
(41% in 2022)  
Operational EBITDA leverage  
-2.6x  
(-0.4x in 2022)  
Acquisition costs, consideration received, and dividends relating to treasury  
shares, are recognized directly in retained comprehensive income in equity.  
 
86  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 5 – Capital structure and financial risk management  
5.3 Hybrid
capital  
Hybrid capital comprise issued bonds from September 2022 of EUR 150m.  
In 2022, the hybrid capital from September 2018 was called and settled  
and a new hybrid bond was issued.  
The issued hybrid capital is accounted for as a hybrid capital reserve in  
equity. The classification is based on the special characteristics of the  
hybrid bond, where the bondholders are subordinate to other creditors,  
and NKT A/S may defer and ultimately decide not to pay the coupon. Any  
deferred coupons outstanding in 3022 will be cancelled. However, deferred  
coupon payments become payable if NKT A/S decides to pay dividends  
to shareholders. Coupon payments are recognized in equity. For further  
details on the hybrid capital, please see table below.  
As the principal of the securities ultimately falls due in 3022, its discounted  
fair value is zero due to the terms of the securities. Therefore, a liability of  
zero has been recognized in the balance sheet, and the full amount of the  
proceeds have been recognized as equity. Coupon payments are recog-  
nized in the statement of cash flows in the same way as dividend payments  
within financing activities.  
In connection with the issue of the new hybrid capital in 2022, holders of  
the previous hybrid capital had the option to roll-over their investment in the  
new hybrid capital without any cash transactions. Therefore, the cash flow  
from the issue and repurchase of hybrid capitals were less than the nominal  
amount of the hybrids. Below is a specification of the cash flow related to  
the hybrid capital transactions in 2022.  
Accounting policy  
Hybrid capital is treated in accordance with the rules on compound finan-  
cial instruments based on the characteristics of the bonds. The notional  
amount, which constitutes a liability, is recognized at present value, and  
equity has been increased by the difference between the net proceeds  
received and the present value of the discounted liability. The part of the  
hybrid capital that is accounted for as a liability is measured at amortized  
cost. The carrying amount is zero on initial recognition and due to the  
1,000-year term of the hybrid capital, amortization charges will only have an  
impact on the income statement for the years at the end of the 1,000-year  
term of the hybrid capital.  
Coupon payments are accounted for as dividends and are recognized  
directly in equity when the obligation to pay arises.  
The obligation to pay coupon payments is at the discretion of Group  
Management and deferred coupon lapses upon maturity of the hybrid  
capital. Coupon payments are recognized in the statement of cash flows in  
the same way as dividend payments within financing activities.  
On redemption of the hybrid capital, the payment will be distributed  
between liability and equity, applying the same principles as used when  
the hybrid capital was issued. The difference between the payment on  
redemption and the net proceeds received on issue is recognized directly in  
equity as the debt portion of the existing hybrid issues will be nil during the  
first part of the life of the hybrid capital.  
On the date on which the Board of Directors decides to exercise an option  
to redeem the hybrid capital, the part of the hybrid capital that will be  
redeemed will be reclassified to loans and borrowings. The reclassifica-  
tion will be made at the market value of the hybrid capital at the date the  
decision is made. Following the reclassification, coupon payments and  
exchange rate adjustments will be recognized in the income statement as  
financial income or expenses.  
Cash flow from issuance and repurchase  
of hybrid capital  
2022  
Issue of new hybrid capital  
150.0  
Costs associated with new hybrid capital  
-1.6  
Transferring of former hybrid holders to new hybrid capital  
-86.7  
Proceeds from issurance of hybrid capital  
61.7  
Repayment of previous hybrid capital  
-150.0  
Transferring of former hybrid holders to new hybrid capital  
86.7  
Repurchase of hybrid capital  
-63.3  
Hybrid bonds  
2023  
2022  
Nominal value of hybrid capital  
EUR 150.0m  
EUR 150.0m  
Classification in financial statement  
Equity  
Equity  
Issued  
Sept. 2022  
Sept. 2022  
Maturing  
July 3022  
July 3022  
First call date  
1 July 2026  
1 July 2026  
Interests:  
For the first four years  
7.240%  
7.240%  
For the following years  
Resets to the  
Resets to the  
4-year EUR swap
4-year EUR swap  
rate prevailing  
rate prevailing  
at that time plus  
at that time plus  
5%  
5%  
 
87  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 5 – Capital structure and financial risk management  
5.4 Net
interest-bearing debt  
Net interest-bearing debt  
Net interest-bearing debt including liabilities associated with assets held for  
sale end-2023 was EUR -670.6m (EUR -54.8m end-2022), corresponding  
to a decrease of EUR 615.8m. The decrease was driven by milestone  
payments received in Solutions, issues of new shares and improved result.  
In addition to the hybrid security mentioned in note 5.3 and Revolving  
Credit Facility (RCF) mentioned in note 5.6, NKT Group has mortgage debt  
of EUR 137.6m (EUR 139.8m in 2022).  
Net interest-bearing debt includes debt related to capitalized lease  
contracts of EUR 63.9m (EUR 37.6m in 2022). Of this amount, EUR 58.2m  
was recognized as non-current (EUR 32.1m in 2022), and EUR 5.7m as  
current debt (EUR 5.5m in 2022). In 2023, payments related to capitalized  
lease contracts amounted to EUR 7.4m (EUR 7.1m in 2022), of which EUR  
5.7m was installments on the debt (EUR 5.3m in 2022) and the remaining  
amount, EUR 1.7m (EUR 1.8m in 2022), was interest expenses recognized  
in financial items in the income statement.  
Changes in current loans, non-current loans and lease liabilities  
Liabilities  
Effect of  
Changes  
Changes  
associated  
changes in  
from in
debt and
Acquisitions with
assets  
exchange  
31  
Amounts in EURm  
1 January  
cash flow
leases of
business held
for sale  
rates  
December  
Current and non-current loans1, 2023  
195.8  
-7.2  
18.8  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
207.4  
Current and non-current loans1, 2022  
213.9  
-24.5  
6.4  
5.5  
-8.6  
3.1  
195.8  
1
Current and non-current loans include leasing liabilities  
Contractual maturity of financial liabilities  
Less than  
More than  
Amounts in EURm  
1 year  
1-3 years  
3-5 years  
5 years  
Total  
2023  
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings1  
11.9  
23.1  
25.1  
147.3  
207.4  
Hereof leasing liabilities  
5.7  
10.1  
7.3  
40.8  
63.9  
Trade payables  
364.4  
364.4  
Prepayments  
9.9  
9.9  
Derivative financial liabilities  
94.3  
94.3  
Other payables  
144.6  
144.6  
Total  
625.1  
23.1  
25.1  
147.3  
820.6  
2022  
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings1  
14.9  
35.6  
24.1  
121.2  
195.8  
Hereof leasing liabilities  
5.5  
8.0  
6.0  
18.1  
37.6  
Trade payables  
351.0  
351.0  
Prepayments  
18.4  
18.4  
Derivative financial liabilities  
76.6  
76.6  
Other payables  
147.1  
147.1  
Total  
608.0  
35.6  
24.1  
121.2  
788.9  
1
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings include leasing liabilities recognized in the balance sheet, but not short-term and low-value leases. These are specified in note 3.2.  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Net interest-bearing debt comprise:  
Non-current loans  
195.5  
180.9  
Current loans  
11.9  
14.9  
Interest-bearing debt, gross  
207.4  
195.8  
Interest-bearing receivables  
0.2  
0.2  
Cash at bank and in hand  
887.9  
258.5  
Net interest-bearing debt  
-680.7  
-62.9  
Net interest-bearing debt presented as  
assets held for sale  
10.1  
8.1  
Net interest-bearing debt including  
assets held for sale  
-670.6  
-54.8  
 
88  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 5 – Capital structure and financial risk management  
5.4 Net
interest-bearing debt – continued  
5.5 Financial
items  
Financial income  
Financial expenses  
Net financial items  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
2023  
2022  
2023 2022  
Interest etc. relating to financial assets/liabilities  
measured at amortized cost  
11.3  
2.2  
-7.8  
-6.4  
3.5  
-4.2  
Interest expenses on leases  
0.0  
0.0  
-1.7  
-1.8  
-1.7  
-1.8  
Total interest  
11.3  
2.2  
-9.5  
-8.2  
1.8  
-6.0  
Foreign exchange gains/losses  
91.5  
50.4  
-93.1  
-53.1  
-1.6  
-2.7  
Gain/loss on derivative financial instruments  
6.7  
19.7  
-22.5  
-1.9  
-15.8  
17.8  
Total currency gain/losses  
98.2  
70.1  
-115.6  
-55.0  
-17.4  
15.1  
Total financial items  
109.5  
72.3  
-125.1  
-63.2  
-15.6  
9.1  
The items in the table do not include interest. The forward contracts are  
recognized at fair value and the discount element is considered insignificant  
because of short maturity.  
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings are consequently recognized in the  
balance sheet at the amounts stated in the table. Interest-bearing loans  
and borrowings are predominantly based on floating interest rates and are  
measured at amortized cost. The carrying amount therefore in all material  
aspects corresponds to fair value and nominal value.  
Accounting policy  
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings are recognized at the amount of  
proceeds received at the date of borrowing, net of transaction costs paid.  
In subsequent periods the financial liabilities are measured at amortized  
cost using ‘the effective interest method’, and the difference between  
the proceeds and the nominal value is therefore being recognized in the  
income statement under financial expenses over the term of the loan.  
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings also include the capitalized residual  
lease obligations on finance leases measured at amortized cost.  
Financial income and expenses comprise interest, dividends, gain/loss on  
securities, receivables and transactions denominated in foreign currencies,  
amortization of financial assets and liabilities, allowances under the Danish  
tax prepayment scheme, as well as changes in the fair value of derivative  
financial instruments not designated as hedges.  
Accounting policy  
Changes in market values of currency and interest rate derivatives not  
entered into with the purpose of hedging an exposure, are recognized in  
financial income or expenses respectively.  
 
89  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 5 – Capital structure and financial risk management  
5.6 Financial
risks and financial instruments  
Sensitivity analysis - financial instruments  
EURm  
2023  
2022  
Effect on  
Effect on  
Effect on  
Effect on  
Price  
earnings  
equity  
earnings  
equity  
Risk  
change  
before tax  
before tax  
before tax  
before tax  
SEK  
10%  
13.7  
40.5  
-43.7  
62.5  
-10%  
-13.7  
-40.5  
43.7  
-62.5  
GBP  
10%  
-0.2  
-15.1  
0.3  
-22.8  
-10%  
0.2  
15.1  
-0.3  
22.8  
NOK  
10%  
1.1  
2.2  
0.0  
2.6  
-10%  
-1.1  
-2.2  
0.0  
-2.6  
USD  
10%  
-1.9  
-24.5  
0.0  
-29.4  
-10%  
1.9  
24.5  
0.0  
29.4  
CZK  
10%  
0.0  
0.0  
-0.8  
-0.4  
-10%  
0.0  
0.0  
0.8  
0.4  
PLN  
10%  
-1.3  
0.0  
3.6  
0.0  
-10%  
1.3  
0.0  
-3.6  
0.0  
CAD  
10%  
0.0  
-3.6  
0.0  
-6.2  
-10%  
0.0  
3.6  
0.0  
6.2  
Copper  
10%  
0.0  
50.9  
0.0  
54.5  
-10%  
0.0  
-50.9  
0.0  
-54.5  
Lead  
10%  
0.0  
2.5  
0.0  
1.9  
-10%  
0.0  
-2.5  
0.0  
-1.9  
Aluminium  
10%  
0.0  
0.3  
0.0  
-1.1  
-10%  
0.0  
-0.3  
0.0  
1.1  
Gas-oil  
10%  
0.0  
1.5  
0.0  
2.3  
-10%  
0.0  
-1.5  
0.0  
-2.3  
The table above shows a sensitivity analysis of the exposures in currencies and commodities assuming effective hedge  
accounting is continued to be applied. The presented effects are from the financial instruments only (all things being  
equal). When also considering the development of the underlying exposure the future income statement effects, will be  
fully or partially offset as hedge accounting is applied.  
Financial risk management policy  
NKT is exposed to and manages several financial risks due  
to its operations, investments and financing activities. The  
risk policy does not allow for speculation in financial risks.  
The risk management policy is managed by Group  
Treasury. The general principle is that all known risks  
are hedged, though with acceptance of an open posi-  
tion within a defined threshold. The risk thresholds are  
defined at a level, that insure NKT is sufficiently protected  
against any risk, while providing Group Treasury room for  
managing risks efficiently.  
NKT uses financial instruments, such as forwards, swaps  
and interest rate caps to hedge exposures relating to  
currency, interest rates, and commodities. While options  
are also available as instruments, no option contracts are  
active at the end of 2023 (none in 2022).  
The financial risks, as described further below, are divided into:  
■
Currency risks  
Interest rate risks  
■
■
Raw material price risks  
Credit risks  
■
■
Liquidity risks  
relating to unhedged net assets in foreign subsidiaries are  
accounted directly in other comprehensive income.  
The principal currency exposure relates to sales and  
purchases in currencies other than the functional  
currency of the businesses. Hedging of these currency  
risks are based on an assessment of the likelihood of the  
future transaction being performed and materiality.  
Expected cash flows with significant currency risk are  
hedged as they become known. Currency risks from  
project-related sales are considered on an individual basis.  
The fair value of the effective part of the hedge is recognized  
in other comprehensive income on a continuous basis.  
The table on the next page shows net outstanding  
forward exchange hedging contracts as at 31 December  
for NKT, which are used for and fulfil the conditions for  
hedge accounting of future transactions.  
The fair value of the total portfolio of currency hedge  
contracts will impact other comprehensive income if  
currency rates change. The effect of a 10% increase in  
selected currency rates is shown in the table to the right.  
As NKT currently only uses forwards and spots to hedge  
the FX risks, and only designate the spot element,  
the likelihood of inefficiency is low, though possible if  
changes in expected cashflows from projects are not  
reflected correctly in the hedges.  
Currency risks  
With presence in several countries NKT is exposed to  
currency risks that may have considerable influence on  
the income statement and balance sheet. Currency risks  
refer to the risks of losses (or opportunities for gains)  
resulting from changes in currency rates. Currency risks  
arise through transactions, financial assets and liabilities  
denominated in currencies other than the functional  
currency of the individual businesses. Quantification and  
identification of existing and anticipated currency risks  
are the responsibility of the individual businesses, while  
the actual hedging is executed by Group Treasury.  
NKT does not hedge the currency risks related to net  
investments in foreign subsidiaries. Gains and losses  
Interest rate risks  
Interest rate risks refer to the influence of changes in  
market interest rates on future cash flows concerning  
interest-bearing assets and liabilities.  
In 2023 two interest rate swaps were terminated, hence,  
at the end of 2023 no interest rate swaps existed. In 2022  
no interest rate swaps were made.  
As of end-2023, the market value of the interest rate  
derivatives was EUR 0.0m (EUR 7.6m in 2022).  
 
90  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 5 – Capital structure and financial risk management  
5.6 Financial
risks and financial instruments – continued  
Cash flow hedges related to  
Notional value  
Notional value  
Fair value  
the most significant currencies  
Average exchange rate1  
Local currency in million  
EURm  
EURm  
Local currency  
31 Dec 2023
31 Dec 2022
31 Dec 2022
31 Dec 2022
31 Dec 2022  
31 Dec 2023
31 Dec 2023
31 Dec 2023
SEK2  
Buy  
Less than 1 year  
0.0901  
0.0943  
12,911.34  
7,661.54  
1,163.10  
722.30  
-3.8  
-35.8  
More than 1 year  
0.0895  
0.0938  
10,595.12  
8,963.35  
948.57  
840.94  
2.7  
-37.8  
Sell  
Less than 1 year  
0.0888  
0.0926  
10,291.22  
6,873.45  
913.67  
636.51  
-10.3  
20.6  
More than 1 year  
0.0886  
0.0940  
8,724.97  
3,431.63  
772.92  
322.62  
-10.5  
15.1  
USD  
Buy  
Less than 1 year  
0.9230  
0.9410  
798.24  
562.29  
736.78  
529.13  
-23.4  
-9.5  
More than 1 year  
0.9088  
0.9486  
592.35  
281.06  
538.31  
266.62  
-15.7  
-10.6  
Sell  
Less than 1 year  
0.9246  
0.9697  
882.48  
542.51  
815.96  
526.09  
30.6  
25.1  
More than 1 year  
0.9142  
0.9341  
778.72  
617.35  
711.88  
576.67  
28.2  
15.8  
GBP  
Buy  
Less than 1 year  
1.1379  
1.1522  
125.13  
104.12  
142.38  
119.97  
-3.2  
-3.3  
More than 1 year  
1.1146  
1.1626  
195.36  
35.24  
217.74  
40.97  
0.9  
-1.7  
Sell  
Less than 1 year  
1.1477  
1.1551  
250.21  
144.55  
287.17  
166.98  
6.3  
5.1  
More than 1 year  
1.1410  
1.1702  
201.26  
196.46  
229.63  
229.90  
4.2  
9.8  
NOK  
Buy  
Less than 1 year  
0.0883  
0.0975  
310.51  
329.04  
27.43  
32.08  
0.2  
-1.7  
More than 1 year  
0.0895  
0.1028  
208.41  
151.65  
18.66  
15.59  
-0.2  
-1.4  
Sell  
Less than 1 year  
0.0880  
0.1020  
159.12  
191.14  
14.01  
19.49  
-0.1  
1.6  
More than 1 year  
0.0860  
0.0988  
109.3  
14.75  
9.4  
1.46  
-0.3  
0.1  
CAD  
Buy  
Less than 1 year  
0.6835  
0.7137  
15.78  
24.00  
10.79  
17.13  
0.0  
-0.7  
More than 1 year  
9.3  
Sell  
Less than 1 year  
0.7277  
0.7413  
68.20  
67.96  
49.63  
50.38  
3.7  
4.0  
More than 1 year  
0.7500  
0.0  
45.30  
0.0  
33.98  
0.0  
3.4  
Cash flow hedges reported as assets  
106.2  
74.5  
Cash flow hedges reported as liabilities  
87.8  
76.4  
1
Local currency/EUR  
2
For hedges in Local currency/SEK the SEK part has been tranferred to EUR, and a value of the SEK part has been calculated.  
Accounting policy  
NKT mainly apply hedge accounting for financial  
instruments related to currency, raw materials as well  
as interest rates for loans. The hedges normally hedge  
the risk one-to-one with the hedged item. Only gas-oil  
hedges for the hedging of the price risk of plastic differs  
from this principle, as Group Treasury here determine  
the ratio necessary to hedge the price risk for plastic.  
The Group designates the share of the fair value of a  
forward contract that is related to cash price for metals  
and spot price for FX hedges (i.e. excluding the forward  
elements) as the hedging instrument for all of its hedging  
relationships involving forward contracts. In accordance  
with the cost of hedging principle all fair values related  
to the forward element of the hedging contract is recog-  
nized in other comprehensive income and accumulated  
in the cost of hedging reserve. As the hedged items are  
transaction-related, the forward element is reclassified to  
the profit or loss when the hedged item affects profit or  
loss, and in the same line item as the hedged item.  
Fair value changes for cash flow hedges considered  
effective, are recognized in other comprehensive income  
in the hedging reserve. For each reporting date, effec-  
tiveness is considered and if the future cash flows are no  
longer expected to materialize, the accumulated value  
reported in the hedge reserve is reclassified to financial  
items in the income statement. In all other cases the  
accumulated value is reclassified to the income state-  
ment in the same line as the hedged item.  
 
91  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 5 – Capital structure and financial risk management  
5.6 Financial
risks and financial instruments – continued  
Cash flow hedges related to  
Average rate  
Notional value  
Fair value  
raw materials  
EUR/ton  
EURm  
EURm  
31 Dec  
31 Dec  
31 Dec  
31 Dec  
31 Dec  
31 Dec  
Commodity  
2023  
2022  
2023  
2022  
2023  
2022  
Copper  
Buy  
Less than 1 year  
6.652  
5.961  
578.7  
528.6  
84.3  
169.6  
More than 1 year  
7.915  
7.485  
253.7  
301.2  
-13.0  
15.6  
Sell  
Less than 1 year  
7.112  
6.421  
-69.2  
-119.4  
5.5  
-26.9  
More than 1 year  
Lead  
Buy  
Less than 1 year  
1.903  
1.843  
25.9  
20.0  
-0.8  
4.0  
More than 1 year  
1.996  
1.897  
59.1  
10.2  
-3.0  
1.7  
Sell  
Less than 1 year  
1.804  
1.885  
-1.0  
-3.2  
0.0  
-0.5  
More than 1 year  
Aluminium  
Buy  
Less than 1 year  
2.051  
2.349  
9.3  
13.3  
0.4  
-0.8  
More than 1 year  
2.459  
39.4  
Sell  
Less than 1 year  
2.000  
2.312  
-12.4  
-24.9  
0.8  
1.1  
More than 1 year  
Gas-oil  
Buy  
Less than 1 year  
550  
620  
18.6  
20.4  
3.6  
5.5  
More than 1 year  
615  
613  
11.7  
13.0  
-0.2  
1.5  
Sell  
Less than 1 year  
669  
634  
-4.0  
-2.0  
0.0  
-0.6  
More than 1 year  
847  
847  
-1.0  
-2.9  
-0.3  
0.6  
Cash flow hedges reported as assets  
83.9  
171.0  
Cash flow hedges reported as liabilities  
6.5  
0.2  
Raw material price risks  
Raw material price risks primarily relate to metals and  
plastics used in the cable production. When changes in  
raw material prices cannot be transferred to customers,  
NKT uses financial instruments to hedge the price risks.  
NKT has, due to the larger order backlog, a high amount  
of raw material derivatives to cover the risks related to the  
large future purchases of especially copper. Exposures  
and hedging of current and expected future raw material  
risks are managed by the businesses based on adopted  
Group guidelines. Hedging of awarded projects are done  
at the time of award and adjusted according to changes  
in production plans.  
NKT hedges raw materials by purchasing hedging instru-  
ments on London Metal Exchange via financial counter-  
parties. Changes in the fair value of the hedging instru-  
ment should offset changes in the value of the underlying  
item because the reference prices are the same for the  
hedging instrument and the hedged item. NKT applies  
cost of hedging, whereby the forward points are recog-  
nized in other comprehensive income and transferred with  
the effective hedge when the hedged transaction occurs.  
For the hedge of plastic, ineffectiveness will arise as this  
is hedged via a gas-oil proxy hedge. Ineffectiveness  
because of differences in the change between gas-oil  
and plastic are considered insignificant.  
As at 31 December 2023, NKT A/S had current finan-  
cial hedging instruments relating to future raw material  
supplies with a net notional value of EUR 1,083.9m (EUR  
908.6m in 2022) and a net positive fair value of EUR  
77.4m (positive value of EUR 170.8m in 2022).  
Sensitivity to the development (+/- 10%) in raw material  
prices is presented in the table on page 89. The table to  
the right provides an overview of the cash flow hedges  
related to raw materials.  
Accounting policy  
Fair value changes of financial instruments used to  
hedge the change in fair value of an asset or liability is  
recorded in the income statement in the same line item  
as the changes in value of the hedged asset or liability  
is recognized in.  
Hedging of currency risk is not performed for net  
assets (equity) in foreign subsidiaries. Gains and losses  
relating to unhedged net assets in foreign subsidiaries  
are accounted for directly in other comprehensive  
income.  
 
92  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 5 – Capital structure and financial risk management  
5.6 Financial
risks and financial instruments – continued  
Cash flow hedge reserve  
Foreign  
exchange  
Interest rate  
Commodity  
Amounts in EURm  
risk hedging  
risk hedging  
risk hedging  
Total  
Balance at 1 January 2022  
-3.3  
0.6  
184.7  
182.0  
Gain/(loss) arising from changes in fair value of hedging instruments  
0.8  
6.7  
63.9  
71.4  
(Gain)/loss reclassified to profit or loss - hedged items have affected profit or loss  
3.0  
0.0  
-125.8  
-122.8  
Deferred tax  
-0.8  
-1.5  
17.3  
15.0  
Balance at 31 December 2022  
-0.3  
5.8  
140.1  
145.6  
Gain/(loss) arising from changes in fair value of hedging instruments  
22.3  
-2.3  
30.6  
50.6  
(Gain)/loss reclassified to profit or loss - hedged items have affected profit or loss  
-2.4  
0.0  
-135.0  
-137.4  
Deferred tax  
1.4  
0.6  
26.8  
28.8  
Balance at 31 December 2023  
21.0  
4.1  
62.5  
87.6  
Categories of financial instruments  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Financial assets  
Measured at amortized costs:  
Receivables  
339.8  
273.2  
Contract assets  
106.9  
98.2  
Interest bearing receivables  
0.2  
0.2  
Cash at bank and in hand  
887.9  
258.5  
Measured at fair value  
through profit /loss:  
Other investments and  
receivables  
0.8  
0.8  
Derivative financial instruments  
185.4  
249.3  
Financial liabilities  
Measured at amortized costs:  
Trade payables and other liabilities  
509.0  
502.1  
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings  
207.4  
195.8  
Measured at fair value  
through profit /loss:  
Derivative financial instruments  
94.3  
76.6  
In the table above, financial instruments are presented in the categories  
which determine, how they will be measured in the financial statements.  
Cost of hedging reserve  
Foreign  
exchange  
Interest rate  
Commodity  
Amounts in EURm  
risk hedging  
risk hedging  
risk hedging  
Total  
Balance at 1 January 2022  
-1.0  
0.0  
-15.2  
-16.2  
Loss arising from changes in fair value of hedging instruments  
1.3  
0.0  
0.4  
1.7  
Loss reclassified to profit or loss - hedged items have affected profit or loss  
0.0  
0.0  
2.9  
2.9  
Deferred tax  
-0.3  
0.0  
-0.8  
-1.1  
Balance at 31 December 2022  
0.0  
0.0  
-12.7  
-12.7  
Gain/(loss) arising from changes in fair value of hedging instruments  
-10.0  
0.0  
34.8  
24.8  
(Gain)/loss reclassified to profit or loss - hedged items have affected profit or loss  
1.1  
0.0  
-3.8  
-2.7  
Deferred tax  
-0.6  
0.0  
-8.1  
-8.7  
Balance at 31 December 2023  
-9.5  
0.0  
10.2  
0.7  
Of the fair values recorded in other comprehensive income, EUR 5.9m is expected to be recorded in Revenue (EUR 0.6m in 2022) and EUR 82.4m (EUR  
132.3m in 2022) is expected to be recorded in Cost of raw materials, consumables and goods for resale.  
 
93  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 5 – Capital structure and financial risk management  
5.6 Financial
risks and financial instruments – continued  
Measuring fair value  
Financial instruments measured at fair value in the balance sheet are desig-  
nated as belonging to one of the following three categories (the ‘fair value  
hierarchy’):  
Level 1:
Listed prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets  
and liabilities  
Level 2:
Input, other than listed prices on Level 1, which is observable for the  
asset or liability either directly (as prices) or indirectly (derived from  
prices)  
Level 3:
Input for the asset or liability which is not based on observable  
market data (non-observable input)  
Financial instruments measured at fair value consist of derivative financial  
instruments. The fair value at 31 December 2023 and 2022 of NKT Group’s  
forward transactions are measured in accordance with Level 2 as the fair  
value is calculated based on official exchange rates and forward rates at the  
balance sheet date.  
The fair value of commodity forwards is measured as the present value of  
future cash flows based on forward rates and official exchange rates at the  
balance sheet date. The fair value of foreign currency forwards is measured  
as the present value of future cash flows based on the forward exchange  
rates at the balance sheet date.  
No financial instruments were moved from one level to another in the year (no  
move in 2022 either).  
The revolving credit facility of EUR 200m matures in November 2026. The  
mortgage loan portfolio matures in 2032, 2033 and 2037.  
NKT has financial covenants and change of control clause on certain finan-  
cial agreements. The latter comes into effect if a shareholder or shareholder  
group gains control over NKT A/S or if NKT A/S is no longer listed at Nasdaq  
Copenhagen.  
It is Group Management’s opinion, that the financial headroom is sufficient to  
manage the level of activity expected in 2024 for the NKT Group.  
fair value. The maximum credit risk attached to financial assets correspond to  
the values recognized in the balance sheet.  
To manage credit risk regarding financial counterparties, NKT only enters into  
derivative financial contracts and money market deposits with financial coun-  
terparties possessing a long-term credit rating of ‘A-‘ from at least one out of  
the following three selected rating agencies: Standard and Poor's, Moody's  
or Fitch.  
NKT has no material risks relating to a single customer or partner. NKT’s  
policy for acceptance of credit risks entails ongoing monitoring and credit  
rating of important customers and other partners. NKT obtains prepayments  
or bank guarantees from customers, when considered needed. Thus, insur-  
ance cover and similar measures to hedge receivables are rarely applied as  
NKT historically has had only few material losses.  
Liquidity resources  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Committed facilities (>3 years)  
0.0  
0.0  
Committed facilities (1-3 years)  
200.0  
200.0  
Committed facilities (<1 year)  
0.0  
0.0  
Total commited facilities  
200.0  
200.0  
Uncommitted facilities  
0.0  
0.0  
Total facilities  
200.0  
200.0  
Cash  
887.9  
258.5  
Utilized facilities  
0.0  
-9.0  
Cash classified as assets held for sale  
2.4  
3.7  
Liquidity recources  
1,090.3  
453.2  
Credit risks  
Credit risk arises from the possibility that transactional counterparties may  
default on their obligations causing financial losses for the Group.  
NKT’s credit risks relate partly to receivables, contract assets and cash at  
bank and in hand, and partly to derivative financial instruments with positive  
Liquidity risks  
It is NKT Group’s policy to maintain adequate liquidity resources to imple-  
ment planned operating activities and to be able to operate effectively in the  
event of unforeseen fluctuations in liquidity. NKT Group’s liquidity resources  
consist of cash, cash equivalents and undrawn committed credit facilities.  
 
94  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 6 – Group structure  
6.1 Acquisition
and divestment of businesses  
6.2 Group
companies  
Group companies  
Domicile  
NKT Group  
Denmark  
NKT Cables Group A/S  
Denmark  
NKT (Denmark) A/S  
Denmark  
NKT Invest A/S  
Denmark  
Europe  
NKT Group GmbH1  
Germany  
NKT Verwaltungs GmbH  
Germany  
NKT GmbH & Co. KG  
Germany  
NKT GmbH  
Germany  
Zweite NKT GmbH  
Germany  
NKT s.r.o.  
Czech Republic  
NKT (Ibérica) S.L.  
Spain  
NKT (Sweden) AB  
Sweden  
NKT HV Cables AB  
Sweden  
NKT AS  
Norway  
NKT HVC AS  
Norway  
NKT (U.K.) Ltd.  
UK  
NKT HVC Ltd.  
UK  
Ventcroft Ltd.  
UK  
NKT S.A.  
Poland  
NKT HVC B.V.  
Netherlands  
NKT HV Cables GmbH  
Switzerland  
NKT Lithuania, UAB  
Lithuania  
America  
NKT, Inc  
US  
Amounts in EURm  
2022  
Acquisitions  
Non-current assets  
20.9  
Current assets  
6.7  
Non-current liabilities  
-7.3  
Current liabilities  
-3.3  
Acquired net assets  
17.0  
Gain on business acquisition  
-1.2  
Purchase price  
15.8  
Acquired cash and cash equivalents  
-0.1  
Cash flow used for acquisition  
15.7  
in the line Other Operating Income. Acquisition-related  
costs of EUR 0.2m are recognized in Other costs etc. in  
the income statement of the Applications segment.  
From the acquisition date to 31 December 2022, Vent-  
croft Ltd contributed positively to the results with a  
revenue of EUR 22.2m and a profit of EUR 0.4m. Had the  
acquisition occurred on 1 January 2022, the impact for  
the period until 31 December 2022 on revenue and profit  
would in all material aspects have been similar.  
Group companies  
Domicile  
Middle East  
NKT Middle East DMCC  
Dubai  
Asia/Pacific  
NKT Pty Ltd  
Australia  
NKT South Asia Private Limited  
India  
NKT Operations India Private Limited  
India  
Walsin Energy Cable System Co. Ltd2  
Taiwan  
NKT Photonics Group  
Denmark  
NKT Photonics A/S  
Denmark  
Europe  
NKT Photonics Technology GmbH  
Germany  
Advanced Laserdiode Systems A.L.S. GmbH  
Germany  
NKT Photonics Switzerland GmbH  
Switzerland  
NKT Photonics Holding Ltd  
UK  
NKT Photonics Ltd  
UK  
NKT Photonics AB  
Sweden  
America  
NKT Photonics Inc.  
US  
Asia/Pacific  
NKT Photonics (Zhenzhen) Co., Ltd.  
China  
Fianium Asia Ltd.  
Hong Kong  
Divestments in 2022  
On 10 March 2022 NKT Photonics divested its sensing  
business, LIOS. The proceeds from the sale were EUR  
19.7m, and the gain was EUR 8.0m, which is recognized  
in Other operating income in the income statement. The  
business was a part of the NKT Photonics segment prior  
to the divestment, and the gain is accordingly included  
in this segment, why reference is made to note 6.3.  
Acquisitions and Divestments in 2023  
No acquisitions or divestments of subsidiaries  
occurred in 2023.  
Acquisitions in 2022  
On 10 January 2022, NKT acquired 100% of the  
shares in Ventcroft Ltd, a UK based company. The  
considerations were transferred in full and there is no  
contingent considerations. Ventcroft Ltd are special-  
ized in fire-resistant building wires and low-voltage  
power cables, and the acquisition was made in order  
to strengthen the product portfolio and is an important  
step in the NKT strategy to grow the business. Vent-  
croft Ltd will be a part of the Applications segment.  
The acquisition consists of net assets of EUR 17.0m  
predominantly related to tangible assets and working  
capital. No intangible assets have been recognized  
from the acquisition. As the purchase price is below  
the net asset value, as well as below the equity value of  
the company at the time of acquisition, a gain of EUR  
1.2m has been recognized in the Income Statement  
Investments in associated companies in 2023  
On 22 May 2023, NKT acquired 10% of interest in Walsin  
Energy Cable System Co., Ltd., a Taiwan based company,  
for EUR 9.1m with the option to acquire additional interest,  
why NKT are assessed to have significant influence of the  
investment. The consideration was transferred in full and  
there are no contingent considerations. Walsin Energy  
Cable System Co., Ltd. is a plant under construction that  
will manufacture high-voltage cables. The acquisition is for  
a greenfield investment and consequently, the net assets  
predominantly related to cash and cash equivalents, which  
will be used to construct the plant. The impact on revenue  
and profit from the acquisition date to 31 December 2023  
is immaterial.  
No acquisitions of associated companies occured in  
2022.  
All Group companies are wholly owned.  
Companies without material interest and dormant companies are omitted from the list.  
1 The Group has applied Section 264 (3) of the German Commercial Code (“Handelsgesetzbuch”) by which NKT Group GmbH is exempted from  
filing local financial statement.  
2 The owned share in the entity is 10 %. The entity is treated as an associated company in accordance with IAS 28.  
 
95  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 6 – Group structure  
6.3 Discontinued
operations and assets held for sale  
Accounting policy  
Discontinued operations represent a separate major line of businesses  
intended to be disposed within 12 months. The results of discontinued  
operations are presented separately in the income statement and the cash  
flow statement with restatement of comparative figures.  
Assets and liabilities held for sale from discontinued operations are  
presented as separate items in the balance sheet with no restatement of  
comparative figures. Elimination between continuing and discontinued  
operations is presented to reflect continuing operations as post-separation,  
which includes elimination of interest and loans.  
Assets and liabilities from discontinued operations and assets held for sale  
are measured at the lower of carrying amount and fair value less cost of  
disposal. Impairment test is performed immediately before classification  
as held for sale. Non-current assets held for sale are not depreciated or  
amortized.  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Profit for the year – discontinued  
operations  
Revenue  
88.1  
86.5  
Costs and other income, net  
-80.8  
-79.9  
Gain from sale of business  
0.0  
8.0  
Earnings before interest, tax,  
depreciation and amortization (EBITDA)  
7.3  
14.6  
Depreciation and amortization  
0.0  
-6.6  
Earnings before interest and tax (EBIT)  
7.3  
8.0  
Financial items, net  
-1.0  
0.1  
Earnings before tax (EBT)  
6.3  
8.1  
Tax  
-0.7  
-0.8  
Net result - discontinued operations  
5.6  
7.3  
NKT' share hereof  
5.6  
7.3  
Basic earnings - discontinued operations,  
EUR, per share (EPS)  
0.1  
0.2  
Diluted earnings - discuntinued operations,  
EUR, per share (EPS-D)  
0.1  
0.2  
Earnings before interest, tax,  
depreciation and amortization (EBITDA)  
7.3  
14.6  
One-off items  
0.0  
5.8  
Operational EBITDA  
7.3  
8.8  
One-off items for discontinued operations in 2022 comprise costs asso-  
ciated with the divestment of EUR 2.2m and the accounting gain of EUR  
8.0m related to the divestment of the LIOS sensing business recognized in  
Q1 2022.  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Cash flows from discontinued operations  
Cash flow from operating activities  
4.0  
-16.0  
Cash flow from investing activities  
-15.6  
2.5  
Cash flow from financing activities  
10.3  
21.5  
Net cash flow from discontinued  
operations  
-1.3  
8.0  
Balance sheet items  
Non-current assets  
119.2  
100.7  
Current assets  
58.2  
63.4  
Assets held for sale  
177.4  
164.1  
Non-current liabilities  
17.5  
13.2  
Current liabilities  
20.1  
22.4  
Liabilities associated with assets  
held for sale  
37.6  
35.6  
Intangible assets held for sale in 2023 related to NKT Photonics amount  
to EUR 80.0m (EUR 69.7m) and property, plant and equipment amount to  
EUR 24.2m (EUR 30.7m). In connection with the classification to discon-  
tinued operations and assets held for sale no impairment was recognized.  
 
96  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 7 – Other notes  
7.1 Fees
to the auditor elected at  
the Annual General Meeting  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
PwC (Deloitte in 2022):  
Statutory audit  
0.9  
1.2  
Other assurance  
0.4  
0.0  
Other service  
0.3  
0.0  
Total  
1.6  
1.2  
Non-audit services provided by PwC Denmark during 2023 amounted to  
EUR 0.6m, relating to tax advice, cyber security, comfort- and bringdown  
letters in connection with capital raise and other accounting and advisory  
services.  
7.3 Contingent
assets and liabilities  
and pledges  
NKT Group is a party to various disputes and inquiries from authorities  
whose outcome is not expected to materially affect profit for the year and  
the financial position. In connection with disposal of companies in previous  
years, guarantees have been provided which are not expected to mate-  
rially affect net result. Further, NKT Group is a party to various insurance  
claims as well as customer claims whose outcome is still uncertain and  
not recognized in the financial statement at the balance sheet day. Finally,  
NKT Group is from time to time party to inquires from public authorities  
and others related to competition laws and regulations. It is the opinion  
of Management that, apart from items recognized in the financial state-  
ments, it is associated with a high degree of uncertainty to assess how the  
outcome of any of these inspections may affect NKT Group's business,  
financial conditions and results of operations. NKT Group does not expect  
these to have material impact on the financial statements.  
NKT Group is jointly liable for Danish corporate taxes on dividend, interest  
and royalties together with Nilfisk up until the demerger in October 2017.  
In a few cases the NKT Group’s foreign companies are subject to special  
tax schemes to which certain conditions are attached. As at 31 December  
2023 these conditions were complied with.  
Guarantees  
As part of our commercial activities NKT Group has provided guarantees  
mainly relating to high-voltage projects, which is to cover for the risk relating  
to our performance inherent in such projects, the quality and delays.  
At 31 December 2023 the value of issued guarantees was EUR  
1,901.1m (EUR 1,231.2m in 2022). At the balance sheet date none  
of the issued guarantees are expected to materialize.  
Pledges  
Non-current assets with carrying amount of EUR 526.3m (EUR 388.0m  
in 2022) have been pledged as security for mortgage loans of total EUR  
140.3m (EUR 146.0m in 2022).  
Amounts in EUR  
2023  
2022  
Carrying amount of assets pledged  
as collateral for credit institutions:  
Land and buildings  
243.0  
197.0  
Plant and machinery  
131.0  
50.9  
Property, plant and equipment under  
construction  
152.3  
140.1  
Total  
526.3  
388.0  
Liabilities related to pledged assets  
140.3  
146.0  
7.2 Events
after the balance sheet date  
Management is not aware of any subsequent matters that could be of  
material importance to NKT Group’s financial position.  
Significant estimates and judgements  
Disclosures for contingent assets and liabilities and when they must be  
recognized is derived from evaluations of the expected outcome of the  
individual issues. These evaluations are based on legal opinions of the  
agreements contracted, which in significant instances also include opinions  
obtained from external advisors, including lawyers.  
 
97  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
05 Consolidated
financial statements  
Section 7 – Other notes  
7.4 Definitions  
The Group operates with the following performance measures which are  
calculated in accordance with the Danish Finance Society’s guidelines:  
Performance measures defined by IFRS:  
1. Earnings, EUR per outstanding share (EPS) – Earnings attributable  
to equity holders of NKT A/S relative to average number of outstanding  
shares.  
2. Diluted earnings, EUR per outstanding share (EPS) – Earnings  
attributable to equity holders of NKT A/S relative to average number of  
outstanding shares, including the dilutive effect of outstanding share  
programmes.  
Further the group presents the following performance measures not  
defined according to IFRS (non-GAAP measures) in the Annual Report:  
3. Revenue at standard metal prices – Revenue at standard metal  
prices for copper and aluminium is set at EUR/tonne 1,550 and EUR/  
tonne 1,350 respectively.  
4. Organic growth – Revenue growth (standard metal price) as a  
percentage of prior-year adjusted revenue (standard metal price).  
Organic growth is a measure of growth, excluding the impact of  
exchange rate adjustments, acquisitions and divestments.  
5. One-off items – Consist of non-recurring income and cost related to  
acquisitions, divestments, integration, restructuring, severance and  
other one-time items.  
6. Operational earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amor-  
tization (Operational EBITDA) – Earnings before interest, tax, depre-  
ciation and amortization (EBITDA) excluding one-off items.  
7. Operational earnings before interest and tax (Operational EBIT)  
– Earnings before interest and tax excluding one-off items.  
8. Net interest-bearing debt – Cash and interest-bearing receivables  
less interest-bearing debt. Specified in Section 5.4. Hybrid capital is  
not included in net interest-bearing debt.  
9. Capital employed – Group equity plus net interest-bearing debt.  
10. Working capital – Current assets minus current liabilities (excluding  
interest-bearing items and provisions).  
11. Gearing – Net interest-bearing debt as a percentage of Group Equity.  
12. Net interest-bearing debt relative to operational EBITDA – Calcu-  
lated as net interest-bearing debt as defined in point 8 relative to oper-  
ational EBITDA for continuing operations as defined in point 6.  
13. Solvency ratio (equity as a percentage of total assets) – Equity  
including hybrid capital as a percentage of total assets.  
14. Return on capital employed (RoCE) – Operational EBIT for contin-  
uing operations as a percentage of average of the last five quarters of  
capital employed for continuing operations.  
15. Equity value, EUR per outstanding share – Equity attributable to  
equity holders of NKT A/S per outstanding share at 31 December. Dilu-  
tion effect of outstanding share programmes is excluded.  
16. Free cash flow – Cash flow from operating and investing activities.  
17. Orders on hand – Value of the uncompleted work of contracts within  
the Solutions business line. Contracts are included when they are signed  
and all significant conditions which may impact the value of the contracts  
have been agreed.  
 
98  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
Parent company  
financial statements  
99 Statement of comprehensive income  
99 Balance sheet  
100 Statement of changes in equity  
101 Cash flow statement  
06  
 
99  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
06 Parent company financial statements  
Statement of comprehensive income  
Balance sheet  
1 January – 31 December  
31 December  
Amounts in EURm  
Note  
2023  
2022  
Amounts in EURm  
Note  
2023  
2022  
Assets  
Other costs  
2
-6.1  
-7.9  
Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA)  
-6.1  
-7.9  
Intangible assets  
0.2  
422.5  
1,654.0  
0.4  
0.0  
377.1  
1,384.8  
0.4  
Investments in subsidiaries  
Receivables from subsidiaries  
Deferred tax  
6
9
5
Reversal of impairment of shares in subsidiaries  
Financial income  
6
3
4
43.0  
203.7  
-144.7  
95.9  
0.0  
148.2  
-26.8  
113.5  
Financial expenses  
Total non-current assets  
2,077.1  
1,762.3  
Earnings before tax (EBT)  
Receivables from subsidiaries  
Other receivables  
Income tax receivables  
Cash at bank and in hand  
Assets held for sale  
16.3  
300.3  
11.3  
609.3  
28.3  
14.3  
281.0  
0.0  
176.7  
28.3  
9
Tax  
5
-9.5  
-24.0  
Net result  
86.4  
89.5  
Other comprehensive income  
Total current assets  
965.5  
500.3  
Items that may be reclassified to income statement:  
Value adjustment of hedging instruments  
Tax  
Total assets  
3,042.6  
2,262.6  
-2.3  
0.5  
6.7  
-1.4  
5.3  
Equity and liabilities  
Total other comprehensive income for the year  
-1.8  
Share capital  
Treasury shares  
144.3  
-4.2  
115.4  
-0.9  
Comprehensive income for the year  
84.6  
94.8  
Foreign exchange reserve  
Hedging reserve  
1.0  
4.1  
1.0  
5.9  
Retained comprehensive income  
Equity attributable to equity holders of NKT A/S  
Hybrid capital  
1,698.9  
1,844.1  
155.4  
1,999.5  
1,296.5  
1,417.9  
153.6  
1,571.5  
Total equity  
Interest-bearing loans  
9
0.7  
0.4  
Total non-current liabilities  
0.7  
0.4  
Payables to subsidiaries  
Trade payables and other liabilities  
Total current liabilities  
9
9
731.8  
310.6  
1,042.4  
434.2  
256.5  
690.7  
Total liabilities  
1,043.1  
3,042.6  
691.1  
Total equity and liabilities  
2,262.6  
 
100  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
06 Parent company financial statements  
Statement of changes in equity  
1 January – 31 December  
Foreign  
exchange  
reserve  
Retained  
compreh.  
income  
Share  
capital  
Treasury  
shares  
Hedging  
reserve  
Hybrid  
Capital Total equity  
Amounts in EURm  
Total  
Equity, 1 January 2023  
115.4  
-0.9  
1.0  
5.9  
1,296.5  
1,417.9  
153.6  
1,571.5  
Other comprehensive income:  
Other comprehensive income for the year  
Tax on other comprehensive income  
Total other comprehensive income  
Net result  
-2.3  
0.5  
-1.8  
-2.3  
0.5  
-1.8  
75.5  
73.7  
-2.3  
0.5  
-1.8  
86.4  
84.6  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
75.5  
75.5  
0.0  
10.9  
10.9  
Comprehensive income for the year  
-1.8  
Transactions with the owners:  
Capital increase*  
Purchase of treasury shares  
Excercise of performance shares  
Share based payment  
28.9  
328.4  
357.3  
-7.2  
0.0  
357.3  
-7.2  
0.0  
-7.2  
3.9  
-3.9  
2.4  
2.4  
2.4  
Coupon payments, hybrid capital  
Total transactions with owners in 2023  
0.0  
352.5  
-9.1  
-9.1  
-9.1  
343.4  
28.9  
-3.3  
-4.2  
0.0  
1.0  
0.0  
4.1  
326.9  
Equity, 31 December 2023  
144.3  
1,698.9  
1,844.1  
155.4  
1,999.5  
Equity, 1 January 2022  
115.4  
0.0  
1.0  
0.6  
1,216.1  
1,333.1  
152.4  
1,485.5  
Other comprehensive income:  
Other comprehensive income for the year  
Tax on other comprehensive income  
Total other comprehensive income  
Net result  
6.7  
-1.4  
5.3  
6.7  
-1.4  
5.3  
80.9  
86.2  
6.7  
-1.4  
5.3  
89.5  
94.8  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
80.9  
80.9  
0.0  
8.6  
8.6  
Comprehensive income for the year  
5.3  
Transactions with the owners:  
Purchase of treasury shares  
Excercise of performance shares  
Share based payment  
-2.5  
1.6  
-2.5  
0.0  
2.7  
-2.5  
0.0  
2.7  
-1.6  
2.7  
Coupon payments, hybrid capital  
Issue of hybrid capital  
Redeem of hybrid capital  
Total transactions with owners in 2022  
Equity, 31 December 2022  
0.0  
-1.6  
0.0  
-1.4  
-7.4  
150.0  
-150.0  
-7.4  
-7.4  
-1.6  
148.4  
-150.0  
-8.8  
0.0  
115.4  
-0.9  
-0.9  
0.0  
1.0  
0.0  
5.9  
-0.5  
1,296.5  
1,417.9  
153.6  
1,571.5  
* Transaction costs related to the rights issue in 2023 was EUR 4.7m and are accounted for as a deduction from equity in the capital increase line in the table above.  
 
101  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
06 Parent company financial statements  
Cash flow statement  
1 January – 31 December  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Earnings before interest and tax (EBIT)  
Changes in working capital  
-6.1  
35.4  
29.3  
-7.9  
-32.1  
-40.0  
Cash flow from operations before financial items  
Financial income received  
Financial expenses paid  
Income tax paid/received  
Cash flow from operations  
152.6  
-93.7  
-31.6  
56.6  
129.0  
-7.8  
-22.0  
59.2  
Intangible assets and other investments, net  
Change in loans to/from subsidiaries  
Cash flow from investing activities  
-0.2  
34.9  
34.7  
0.0  
183.0  
183.0  
Changes in loans  
0.3  
357.3  
-7.2  
-54.3  
0.0  
Capital increase  
Purchase of treasury shares  
Coupon payments on hybrid capital  
Repurchase of hybrid capital  
Proceeds from issuance of hybrid capital  
Cash flow from financing activities  
-2.5  
-9.1  
-7.4  
0.0  
-63.3  
61.7  
-65.8  
0.0  
341.3  
Net cash flow for the year  
432.6  
176.4  
Cash at bank and in hand, 1 January  
Net cash flow for the year  
176.7  
432.6  
609.3  
0.3  
176.4  
176.7  
Cash at bank and in hand, 31 December  
The above cannot be derived directly from the income statement and the balance sheet.  
 
102  
NKT AS
Annual Report 2023  
06 Parent
company financial statements  
Notes  
1 Accounting
policies, estimates and judgements  
2 Other
costs  
The annual financial statements for the parent company are included in the  
Annual Report in pursuance of the requirements of the Danish Financial  
Statements Act. The annual financial statements for the parent company  
have been prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards, as  
adopted by the EU and additional Danish disclosure requirements for  
annual reports for listed companies.  
Tax  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
The parent company is jointly taxed with all Danish subsidiaries within the  
NKT Group. NKT
A/S
(parent company) is the administration company for  
the joint taxation and consequently settles all payments of tax with the tax  
authorities. Joint taxation contributions to/from subsidiaries are recognized  
under income tax related to net profit, and recognized separately in the  
balance sheet. Companies that use tax losses in other companies pay joint  
taxation contributions to the parent company equivalent to the tax base  
of the tax losses utilized. Companies whose tax losses are used by other  
companies receive joint taxation contributions from the parent company  
equivalent to the tax base of the tax losses utilized (full absorption).  
Wages and salaries  
Bonus  
0.9  
0.3  
1.1  
0.9  
0.8  
0.0  
2.8  
Long-term incentive programs  
Severance payments  
Total staff costs  
0.6  
1.2  
3.0  
The changes, as described in the consolidated financial statements, have  
not influenced recognition and measurement in the financial statements of  
the parent company in 2023. See the description of the changes in note 1.2  
to the consolidated financial statements.  
PwC (Deloitte in 2022):  
Statutory audit  
0.3  
0.3  
0.2  
0.2  
0.0  
0.0  
In relation to the accounting policies described for in note 1.1 in the consol-  
idated financial statements, the accounting policies of the parent company  
differ in the following:  
Other assurance  
Other services  
References to notes in the consolidated financial statements  
The following notes in the consolidated financial statements provide further  
information:  
Total fees to the auditor elected at the  
Annual General Meeting  
0.8  
0.2  
Foreign currency translation  
■
1.2 Accounting standards issued but not yet effective  
5.1 Share capital  
5.3 Hybrid capital  
7.2 Events after the balance sheet date  
Translation adjustment of balances considered part of the total net invest-  
ment in subsidiaries that have a functional currency other than EUR are  
recognized in the annual financial statements for the parent company under  
financial items in the income statement.  
■
Legal services  
Other costs  
0.5  
1.8  
6.1  
3.3  
1.6  
7.9  
■
■
Total other costs  
NKT A/S (parent company) operates as a holding company for the Group’s  
activities and undertakes the tasks related thereto. For description of the  
enterprise’s activities, etc., please refer to the Group Management’s review.  
Dividend from investments in subsidiaries  
Non-audit services provided by PwC Denmark during 2023 amounted to  
EUR 0.5m, relating to tax advice, cyber security, comfort- and bringdown  
letters in connection with capital raise and other accounting and advisory  
services.  
Dividends from investments in subsidiaries are recognized in the income  
statement of the parent company in the year the dividends are declared.  
If the dividend distributed exceeds the comprehensive income of the  
subsidiaries in the period the dividend is declared, an impairment test is  
performed.  
Accounting estimates and judgements  
When preparing the financial Statements for NKT A/S, a number of  
accounting estimates and judgements are made that affect the income  
statement and balance sheet. Estimates are regularly reassessed by  
management on the basis of historical experience and other relevant  
factors.  
For remuneration for the Board of Directors reference is made to note 2.2.  
Average number of employees in 2023 comprise two persons (one person  
in 2022), being the current and former CEO of NKT A/S.  
Investments in subsidiaries  
Investments in subsidiaries are measured at costs. Impairment test is  
carried out, if indications of impairment exist. If indications of impairment  
no longer exist, impairment will be reversed. Where the carrying amount  
exceeds the recoverable amount, the value is written down to the recover-  
able amount.  
Estimates that are significant for the parent company are related to valu-  
ation of investments in subsidiaries. The estimates used are based on  
assumptions which Group Management consider to be reliable, but which  
by nature are uncertain and unpredictable.  
 
103  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
06 Parent company financial statements  
Notes  
3 Financial income  
6 Investments in subsidiaries  
to the taxable joint taxation income may increase the amount for which  
the parent company is liable. The parent company is further liable for VAT  
under the joint registration with NKT (Denmark) A/S.  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Interest, etc. relating to financial assets/  
liabilities measured at amortised cost  
Cost, 1 January  
420.1  
2.4  
445.7  
2.7  
62.0  
88.6  
43.3  
9.8  
19.0  
68.3  
Addition from share-based payments  
Transferred to assets held for sale  
Cost, 31 December  
NKT Group is jointly liable for Danish corporate taxes on dividend, interest  
and royalties together with Nilfisk up until the demerger in October 2017.  
In a few cases the NKT Group’s foreign companies are subject to special  
tax schemes to which certain conditions are attached. As at 31 December  
2023 these conditions were complied with.  
Interest from subsidiaries  
Foreign exchange gains  
Gains on derivatives  
0.0  
-28.3  
420.1  
24.5  
422.5  
36.4  
Total financial income  
203.7  
148.2  
Impairment, 1 January  
Reversal of impairment  
Impairment, 31 December  
-43.0  
43.0  
0.0  
-43.0  
0.0  
The parent company has issued guarantees for subsidiaries of EUR  
4,704.5m (EUR 3,999.0m in 2022). In addition to the guarantees for  
subsidiaries, the parent company has issued guarantees related to various  
commercial activities. However, it is not possible to assess the amount of  
these contingent liabilities. Further, the parent company has a guarantee  
related to the subsidiaries' credit facilities under the cash pool, guarantee  
facilities and mortgage loans of EUR 2,051.8m (EUR 1,571.3m in 2022).  
-43.0  
4 Financial expenses  
Book value, 31 December  
422.5  
377.1  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Subsidiaries  
Domicile  
Interest to subsidiaries  
Foreign exchange losses  
Loss on derivatives  
-17.9  
-51.0  
-36.2  
-1.6  
-19.0  
-0.6  
NKT Cables Group A/S  
NKT Photonics A/S  
NKT Invest A/S  
Brøndby, Denmark  
Birkerød, Denmark  
Brøndby, Denmark  
8 Related parties  
Interest, etc. relating to financial liabilities  
measured at amortised cost  
-39.6  
-5.6  
The above subsidiaries are all owned 100% by NKT A/S.  
In addition to the comments in note 2.2 to the consolidated financial  
statements, the parent company’s related parties comprise subsidiaries  
including their affiliates. The subsidiaries and their affiliated can be found in  
note 6.2 to the consolidated financial statements. No related parties have  
control over the parent company. Transactions with affiliated companies  
comprised:  
Total financial expenses  
-144.7  
-26.8  
For information regarding assets held for sale, please refer to note 6.3 in the  
consolidated financial statements.  
5 Tax  
During the year, Management assessed the carrying value of investments  
in subsidiaries for any indicators of impairment. As a result of the evaluation,  
it was identified that certain previously impaired shares in subsidiaries have  
now recovered in value due to improved financial outlook. The reversed  
impairment amounts to EUR 43m and thus contains the entire impairment  
that was previously recognised.  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
Current tax  
9.5  
24.0  
Interest received, net  
Paid joint tax contribution, net  
Receivables, non-current  
Receivables, current  
Payables  
70.7  
-27.4  
1,654.0  
16.3  
66.7  
-16.8  
1,384.8  
14.3  
Income tax for the year  
9.5  
24.0  
Reconciliation of tax:  
Tax at 22.0% of earnings before tax  
Tax effect:  
11.6  
25.0  
7 Contingent liabilities  
731.8  
-5.1  
434.2  
-4.4  
The parent company is jointly taxed with all Danish subsidiaries. As an  
administration company, the parent company is liable with the other  
companies in the joint taxation scheme for Danish corporate taxes on divi-  
dend, interest and royalties within the joint taxation group. Any adjustments  
Value adjustment of deferred tax assets  
Non-deductable expenses  
Total  
0.5  
-2.6  
9.5  
0.0  
-1.0  
Management fee  
Hedging (gains)  
6.5  
19.4  
24.0  
Hedging (loss)  
-20.0  
-2.0  
 
104  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
06 Parent company financial statements  
Notes  
9 Financial risk, financial instruments and management  
Management of capital structure at NKT A/S (parent company) is  
performed for the Group as a whole and no operational targets or poli-  
cies are therefore established independently for the parent company. See  
note 5.6 to the consolidated financial statements and the sections ‘Risk  
management’ in the Business Line sections.  
Maturity of financial liabilities:  
Less than  
1 year  
More than  
Amounts in EURm  
2-3 years  
3-4 years  
5 years  
Total  
2023  
The hybrid capital is accounted for as part of equity. For more information  
refer to note 5.3 in the consolidated financial statements.  
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings  
Payables to subsidiaries  
Trade payables and other liabilities  
Total financial liabilities  
0.0  
731.8  
0.7  
0.0  
0.0  
0.7  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.7  
731.8  
310.6  
310.6  
Categories of financial instruments:  
1,042.4  
1,043.1  
Amounts in EURm  
2023  
2022  
2022  
Financial assets  
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings  
Payables to subsidiaries  
Trade payables and other liabilities  
Total financial liabilities  
0.0  
434.2  
256.5  
690.7  
0.4  
0.0  
0.0  
0.4  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.0  
0.4  
434.2  
256.5  
691.1  
Measured at amortized cost:  
Receivables from subsidiaries  
1,654.0  
300.3  
1,384.8  
281.0  
Measured at fair value through profit/loss:  
Derivative financial instruments1  
10 Payables to credit institutions and other liabilities  
Financial liabilities  
Measured at amortized cost:  
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings  
Payables to subsidiaries  
Payables to credit institutions, which predominantly are subject to floating interest rates, as well as Other payables are measured at amortized cost.  
The carrying amount therefore in all material respects corresponds to fair value and nominal value.  
0.7  
731.8  
6.0  
0.4  
434.2  
6.7  
Changes in current and non-current loans:  
Amounts in EURm  
Effect of  
changes in  
exchange  
Trade payables and other liabilities  
Changes from  
cash flow  
Measured at fair value through profit/loss:  
Derivative financial instruments2  
1 January  
rates 31 December  
304.6  
249.8  
1
Current and non-current loans, 2023  
Current and non-current loans, 2022  
0.4  
0.3  
0.0  
0.0  
0.7  
0.4  
Included in Other receivables  
Included in Trade payables and other liabilities  
2
54.7  
-54.3  
 
105  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
Statements  
106 Group Management's statement  
107 Independent auditor's report  
07  
 
106  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
07 Statements  
Group Management’s statement
The Board of Directors and the Executive Board
have today considered and adopted the Annual
Report of NKT A/S for the financial year 1 January
– 31 December 2023.
We recommend that the Annual Report be adopted
at the Annual General Meeting.
Brøndby, 21 February 2024
The Consolidated Financial Statements have been
prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Stand-
ards as adopted by the EU and further requirements
in the Danish Financial Statements Act, and the Parent
Company Financial Statements have been prepared in
accordance with the Danish Financial Statements Act.
Management’s Review has been prepared in accord-
ance with the Danish Financial Statements Act and
Article 8 of Regulation (EU) 2020/852 (EU Taxonomy
Regulation).
Executive Management  
Claes Westerlind
Line Andrea Fandrup
President & CEO
CFO
In our opinion, the Consolidated Financial Statements
and the Parent Company Financial Statements
give a true and fair view of the financial position at
31 December 2023 of the Group and the Parent
Company and of the results of the Group and Parent
Company operations and consolidated cash flows for
the financial year 1 January - 31 December 2023.
Board of Directors  
Jens Due Olsen
René Svendsen-Tune
Nebahat Albayrak
Chair
Deputy Chair
In our opinion, Management’s Review includes a true
and fair account of the development in the operations
and financial circumstances of the Group and the
Parent Company, of the results for the year and of the
financial position of the Group and the Parent Company
as well as a description of the most significant risks
and elements of uncertainty facing the Group and the
Parent Company.
Christian Dyhr*
Andreas Nauen
Stig Nissen Knudsen*
Pernille Blume Simonsen*
Karla Lindahl
Anne Vedel
In our opinion, the annual report of NKT A/S for the
financial year 1 January to 31 December 2023 with the
file name nkt-2023-12-31-en.zip is prepared, in all mate-
rial respects, in compliance with the ESEF Regulation.
* Employee-elected member
 
107  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
07 Statements  
Independent auditor’s reports
To the shareholders
of NKT A/S
Report on the audit of the Financial Statements
Our opinion
balance sheet, statement of changes in equity,
cash flow statement and notes, including material
accounting policy information.
To the best of our knowledge and belief, prohibited
non-audit services referred to in Article 5(1) of Regula-
tion (EU) No 537/2014 were not provided.
In our opinion, the Consolidated Financial Statements
and the Parent Company Financial Statements give
a true and fair view of the Group’s and the Parent
Company’s financial position at 31 December 2023
and of the results of the Group’s and the Parent
Company’s operations and cash flows for the financial
year 1 January to 31 December 2023 in accordance
with IFRS Accounting Standards as adopted by the
EU and further requirements in the Danish Financial
Statements Act.
Collectively referred to as the “Financial Statements”.
Appointment
We were appointed auditors of NKT A/S for the first
time on 23 March 2023 for the financial year 2023.
Basis for opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with Interna-
tional Standards on Auditing (ISAs) and the additional
requirements applicable in Denmark. Our responsi-
bilities under those standards and requirements are
further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for
the audit of the Financial Statements section of our
report.
Key audit matters
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our
professional judgement, were of most significance in
our audit of the Financial Statements for 2023. These
matters were addressed in the context of our audit of
the Financial Statements as a whole, and in forming
our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate
opinion on these matters.
Our opinion is consistent with our Auditor’s Long-
form Report to the Audit Committee and the Board of
Directors.
We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained
is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our
opinion.
What we have audited
The Consolidated Financial Statements of NKT A/S
for the financial year 1 January to 31 December 2023
comprise income statement, statement of compre-
hensive income, balance sheet, cash flow statement,
statement of changes in equity and notes, including
material accounting policy information.
Independence
We are independent of the Group in accordance with
the International Ethics Standards Board for Account-
ants’ International Code of Ethics for Professional
Accountants (IESBA Code) and the additional ethical
requirements applicable in Denmark. We have also
fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance
with these requirements and the IESBA Code.
The Parent Company Financial Statements of NKT
A/S for the financial year 1 January to 31 December
2023 comprise statement of comprehensive income,
 
108  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
07 Statements  
Key audit matter
How our audit addressed the key audit matter
Key audit matter
How our audit addressed the key audit matter
Revenue recognition and valuation of
construction contracts
Valuation and recognition of
deferred tax assets
The accuracy and valuation of work in
progress of large construction contracts
in Solutions and the timing of recognition
in the income statement is dependent
on complex estimation methodologies
of, amongst others, construction costs,
degree of completion and uncertainties in
the construction phase.
We performed risk assessment procedures with the purpose of
achieving an understanding of IT-systems, business procedures and
relevant key controls regarding revenue recognition. In respect of
key controls, we assessed whether they were designed and imple-
mented effectively to address the risk of material misstatements. For
selected controls that we planned to rely on, we tested whether they
were performed on a consistent basis, primarily related to contract
approvals, monitoring of project development and estimation of costs
to complete projects.
NKT has deferred tax assets from tax
losses carried forward and other timing
differences in foreign entities, especially
in Germany. Significant judgement and
estimates are made when measuring and
recognising the tax assets, including when
and to which extent these can be utilised
in the future.
We considered the appropriateness of the accounting policies and
valuation models utilised for tax accounting and assessed compliance
with IAS 12. We also assessed Management’s process for identifying
and assessing deferred tax assets that might not be recoverable.
We assessed Management’s judgements and estimates of tax
balances and carrying amounts as well as the related applied tax rates
when calculating these. We also assessed the reasonableness of the
main data and assumptions used to calculate the taxable income fore-
casts used for recognition and recoverability of the deferred tax assets
relating to tax loss carryforward.
We focused on this area because the
revenue recognised over time and valu-
ation of construction contracts require
significant judgements and estimates by
Management.
We focused on this area because
Management makes significant judge-
ments and estimates when measuring and
recognising the tax assets, including when
and to which extent these can be utilised
in the future.
We considered the appropriateness of the Group’s accounting poli-
cies for revenue recognition and construction contracts and assessed
compliance with IFRS 15.
We obtained and evaluated Management’s expectations for the gener-
ation of future taxable profits in Germany, and reviewed the Group’s
preliminary tax calculations for significant entities. We verified that
taxes recognised in the Financial Statements are in accordance with
the preliminary tax calculations.
On a sample basis, we reviewed the individual contracts in Solutions
and challenged the accounting treatment applied by Management.
We tested whether revenue is recorded in the correct period and
whether construction contracts are valued properly and accurately by
challenging the estimated costs to complete related to the projects,
including the assumptions used, and by performing retrospective
review and considering the historical accuracy of the assessment of
stage of completion and of the assessment of risk provisions.
Refer to notes (2.1) and (4.4) in the consoli-
dated financial statements.
Refer to note (2.5) in the consolidated
financial statements.
We performed a retrospective review and considered the historical
accuracy of the valuation of deferred tax assets.
In assessing the valuation and recognition of deferred tax assets, we
involved our tax specialists.
We also assessed how the project managers determined the degree
of completion by obtaining their calculations and challenged assump-
tions and inputs used.
We assessed the completeness and accuracy of the disclosure of
deferred tax assets against the disclosure requirements in IAS 12.
We assessed the completeness and accuracy of the disclosure
regarding revenue recognition and construction contracts against the
disclosure requirements in IFRS 15.
 
109  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
07 Statements  
■
Statement on Management’s Review
Management is responsible for Management’s Review.
Danish Financial Statements Act, and for such internal
control as Management determines is necessary to
enable the preparation of financial statements that are
free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud
or error.
Identify and assess the risks of material misstate-
ment of the Financial Statements, whether due to
fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures
responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence
that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis
for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material
misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for
one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collu-
sion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresenta-
tions, or the override of internal control.
However, future events or conditions may cause the
Group or the Parent Company to cease to continue
as a going concern.
Our opinion on the Financial Statements does not
cover Management’s Review, and we do not express
any form of assurance conclusion thereon.
■
Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and
content of the Financial Statements, including the
disclosures, and whether the Financial Statements
represent the underlying transactions and events in
a manner that gives a true and fair view.
In preparing the Financial Statements, Management
is responsible for assessing the Group’s and the
Parent Company’s ability to continue as a going
concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related
to going concern and using the going concern basis
of accounting unless Management either intends to
liquidate the Group or the Parent Company or to cease
operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.
In connection with our audit of the Financial State-
ments, our responsibility is to read Management’s
Review and, in doing so, consider whether Manage-
ment’s Review is materially inconsistent with the
Financial Statements or our knowledge obtained in the
audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.
■
Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence
regarding the financial information of the entities or
business activities within the Group to express an
opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
We are responsible for the direction, supervision
and performance of the group audit. We remain
solely responsible for our audit opinion.
■
Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant
to the audit in order to design audit procedures that
are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for
the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effec-
tiveness of the Group’s and the Parent Company’s
internal control.
Moreover, we considered whether Management’s
Review includes the disclosures required by the
Danish Financial Statements Act and Article 8 of Regu-
lation (EU) 2020/852 (EU Taxonomy Regulation).
Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the
Financial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance
about whether the Financial Statements as a whole
are free from material misstatement, whether due to
fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that
includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high
level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit
conducted in accordance with ISAs and the additional
requirements applicable in Denmark will always detect
a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements
can arise from fraud or error and are considered
material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could
reasonably be expected to influence the economic
decisions of users taken on the basis of these Finan-
cial Statements.
■
Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies
used and the reasonableness of accounting esti-
mates and related disclosures made by Manage-
ment.
We communicate with those charged with governance
regarding, among other matters, the planned scope
and timing of the audit and significant audit findings,
including any significant deficiencies in internal control
that we identify during our audit.
Based on the work we have performed, in our view,
Management’s Review is in accordance with the
Consolidated Financial Statements and the Parent
Company Financial Statements and has been
prepared in accordance with the requirements of the
Danish Financial Statements Act and the disclosure
requirements of Article 8 of Regulation (EU) 2020/852
(EU Taxonomy Regulation). We did not identify any
material misstatement in Management’s Review.
■
Conclude on the appropriateness of Management’s
use of the going concern basis of accounting and
based on the audit evidence obtained, whether
a material uncertainty exists related to events
or conditions that may cast significant doubt on
the Group’s and the Parent Company’s ability to
continue as a going concern. If we conclude that
a material uncertainty exists, we are required to
draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related
disclosures in the Financial Statements or, if such
disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion.
Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence
obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report.
We also provide those charged with governance
with a statement that we have complied with relevant
ethical requirements regarding independence, and
to communicate with them all relationships and other
matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our
independence and, where applicable, actions taken to
eliminate threats or safeguards applied.
Management’s responsibilities for the Financial
Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation of
consolidated financial statements and parent company
financial statements that give a true and fair view
in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards as
adopted by the EU and further requirements in the
As part of an audit in accordance with ISAs and the
additional requirements applicable in Denmark, we
exercise professional judgement and maintain profes-
sional scepticism throughout the audit. We also:
From the matters communicated with those charged
with governance, we determine those matters that
were of most significance in the audit of the Financial
Statements of the current period and are therefore
 
110  
NKT AS Annual Report 2023  
07 Statements  
■
■
the key audit matters. We describe these matters in
our auditor’s report unless law or regulation precludes
public disclosure about the matter.
For such internal control as Management deter-
mines necessary to enable the preparation of an
annual report that is compliant with the ESEF Regu-
lation.
Evaluating the use of anchoring of extension
elements to elements in the ESEF taxonomy; and
■
Reconciling the iXBRL tagged data with the audited
Consolidated Financial Statements.
Report on compliance with the
ESEF Regulation
Our responsibility is to obtain reasonable assurance
on whether the annual report is prepared, in all mate-
rial respects, in compliance with the ESEF Regulation
based on the evidence we have obtained, and to issue
a report that includes our opinion. The nature, timing
and extent of procedures selected depend on the
auditor’s judgement, including the assessment of the
risks of material departures from the requirements set
out in the ESEF Regulation, whether due to fraud or
error. The procedures include:
In our opinion, the annual report of NKT A/S for the
financial year 1 January to 31 December 2023 with
the file name nkt-2023-12-31-en.zip is prepared, in all
material respects, in compliance with the ESEF Regu-
lation.
As part of our audit of the Financial Statements we
performed procedures to express an opinion on
whether the annual report of NKT A/S for the finan-
cial year 1 January to 31 December 2023 with the
filename nkt-2023-12-31-en.zip is prepared, in all
material respects, in compliance with the Commission
Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/815 on the European
Single Electronic Format (ESEF Regulation) which
includes requirements related to the preparation of the
annual report in XHTML format and iXBRL tagging of
the Consolidated Financial Statements including notes.
Hellerup, 21 February 2024
■
Testing whether the annual report is prepared in
XHTML format;
PricewaterhouseCoopers
Statsautoriseret Revisionspartnerselskab
CVR No 33 77 12 31
Management is responsible for preparing an annual
report that complies with the ESEF Regulation. This
responsibility includes:
■
Obtaining an understanding of the company’s
iXBRL tagging process and of internal control over
the tagging process;
Kim Tromholt
Søren Ørjan Jensen
■
The preparing of the annual report in XHTML format;
State Authorised Public Accountant
mne33251
State Authorised Public Accountant
mne33226
■
Evaluating the completeness of the iXBRL tagging
of the Consolidated Financial Statements including
notes;
■
The selection and application of appropriate iXBRL
tags, including extensions to the ESEF taxonomy
and the anchoring thereof to elements in the
taxonomy, for all financial information required to be
tagged using judgement where necessary;
■
Evaluating the appropriateness of the company’s
use of iXBRL elements selected from the ESEF
taxonomy and the creation of extension elements
where no suitable element in the ESEF taxonomy
has been identified;
■
Ensuring consistency between iXBRL tagged
data and the Consolidated Financial Statements
presented in human-readable format; and
 
NKT is signatory to:  
NKT A/S
Vibeholms Allé 20
DK-2605 Brøndby
Denmark
Company Reg: 6272 5214  
T: +45 43 48 20 00  
Science Based Targets initiative.  
A commitment to become a net  
zero emissions company.  
United Nations Global Compact.  
A pledge to implement universal  
sustainability principles.  
Europacable Industry Charter.  
A commitment towards  
superior quality.  
nkt.com