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10166359 (England and Wales)
.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED
31 MARCH 2026
CONTENTS
Page
Company Information
2
Chairman’s Statement
3
Strategic Report
7
TCFD Disclosures
8
Directors’ Report
15
Directors’ Information
20
Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities
21
Corporate Governance Report
22
Directors’ Remuneration Report
27
Audit Committee Report
30
Independent Auditor’s Report
32
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
37
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position
38
Company Statement of Financial Position
39
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
40
Company Statements of Changes in Equity
41
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
42
Company Statements of Cash Flows
43
Notes to the Financial Statements
44
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
Annual Report & Financial Statements For
the year ended 31 March 2026
2
COMPANY INFORMATION
Directors
Ronald Derrickson (Non-Executive Co-Chairman)
Secretary
MSP Corporate Services Limited
Registered Office
Eastcastle House,
27-28 Eastcastle Street
London, W1W 8DH
Main Market Sponsor and
Financial Advisors
SPARK Advisory Partners
Limited
5 St. John’s Lane
London
EC1M 4BH
Legal Advisors
DMH Stallard LLP
Barnards Inn
Fetter Yard
86 Fetter Lane
London
EC4A 1EN
Corporate broker
Oak Securities
90 Jermyn Street
London
SW1Y 6JD
Independent Auditor
Crowe U.K. LLP
55 Ludgate Hill
London
EC4M 7JW
Registrars
Computershare Investor Services plc
The Pavilions
Bridgewater Road
Bristol
BS13 8AE
Registered number
10166359
PENNPETRO
ENERGYPLC
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
CHAIRMAN'S STATEMENT
Annual Report & Financial Statements For
the year ended 31 March 2026
In any case, the Board will bring forward via prospectus only a proposition it judges to be of
real substance, and shareholders will be kept informed at every appropriate stage.
The Board have considered and consulted with advisors on a number of north American
opportunities, providing the Company with geographical diversity and Mavriky continues to
pursue these opportunities such that they are sufficiently well developed that future
arrangements could be entered into at a near future date once the Company has completed
its initial RTO. At least one other possible opportunity which is in the Transition Energy sector,
of large scale and advanced nature, is available to the Company, but for now that is not being
considered further whilst the Company awaits an independent Limnytska License CPR
including a Resource NPV valuation.
To this end, the Company has engaged GLJ (Calgary, Canada) to provide the Company and
its main board Sponsor, Spark, with an independent Competent Person's Report (CPR) on
the Limnytska asset. This is underway and by definition the Company does not yet know the
valuation which will be attributed to the asset based on the information available to the
Company and any additional data that GLJ will themselves use to form their opinion on that
valuation. Once the Board are aware and as required, at the appropriate time the Company
will share information with shareholders and the market via RNS.
The anticipated date of receipt of the CPR in its final version is approximately September 3rd,
2026, according to GLJ's engagement letter timetable.
Outlook
In my first statement to you, filed with the previous delayed audit only months ago, I wrote of
a company that had been brought to a standstill and had contemplated administration on
more than one occasion. I am glad that this statement, coming so soon after, can be of a
different character altogether.
None of this would have been possible without the patience of our shareholders, many of
whom have waited through a long suspension with remarkable forbearance, and without the
backing of RMD Group and Grand Chief Ron Derrickson, whose support arrived when it
mattered most. I thank them, my fellow Directors, our small team and our expert advisers.
I would also like to recognise the efforts of Spark Advisory Partners, in particular in helping
us all over the past months, it has made a very significant difference in our prospects, as well
as the willingness of the FCA to recognise the effort and investment made at Pennpetro since
October 2025, as the FCA allows the Company reasonable time to pursue our RTO process,
and continuing efforts to ensure that the Company succeeds in returning to trading and we
believe, developing into a successful Company shareholders can be proud of.
The rescue phase is complete. The rebuilding phase is far advanced. What remains - your
Company's return to trading and the delivery of a transaction worthy of shareholders' loyalty
- is now squarely in view, and the Board intends to pursue it without pause.
Richard Spinks
Executive Chairman
31 July 2026
6
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
STRATEGIC REPORT (continued)
Annual Report & Financial Statements For
the year ended 31 March 2026
7
Strategic Report
The directors of Pennpetro Energy Plc (“Directors”) present their strategic report on the group for the year
ended 31 March 2026.
Principal Activities
The principal activity and purpose of the Group is to focus on developing strategic traditional and
transition energy sector projects. The Board ensures that the Company’s strategy, operational activities,
and governance framework are aligned with this purpose and directed toward the creation and
preservation of long-term value for shareholders, while having regard to wider stakeholder interests.
Pennpetro Energy Plc acts as a holding company and provides direction and other services to its
subsidiaries.
Strategic Approach
The Board’s strategic intent is to maximise shareholder value through the continuing investment into
developing strategic traditional and transition energy projects.
Review of Business
The year under review represented a period of decisive restructuring and renewal for Pennpetro Energy
Plc. Following the suspension of trading in the Company’s shares, the Board prioritised restoring
compliance, strengthening governance and stabilising the Company’s financial position.
Short term funding has been secured for the Company through Convertible Loan Notes, enabling the
settlement of outstanding creditors and supporting the Company through its transition. With compliance
restored, and engagement with advisers and regulators ongoing, the Company is focused on
progressing its application for a return to trading of its currently suspended shares and advancing plans
to secure longer term financing and operational development to deliver sustainable shareholder value
and growth over the long term.
Financial Performance Review
The profit of the Group for the year ended 31 March 2026 amounts to $4,076,123 (year ended 31 March
2025: loss of $1,717,113). Included within the profit is a gain on the disposal of Pennpetro USA Corp
and its subsidiaries (Nobel Petroleum USA Inc. and Nobel Petroleum LLC) of $5,393,879. Further
details of this are given in note 25.
The Board monitors the activities and overall performance of the Group on a regular basis by reference
to certain key milestones. The main Key Performance Indicators (“KPIs”) for the Group are as follows:
KPIs
2026
$
2025
$
Net cash flows from operating activities
(616,174)
(814,669)
Cash and short-term investments
40,433
101,852
Participation in well drilling programmes are monitored on an individual project basis in terms of revenue
and cost per barrel of oil or Mcf (one thousand cubic feet) of gas, together with the anticipated payback
period on each project.
Board diversity
Although the Board consists of six male Directors, the Board supports diversity in the boardroom. Aside
from the Directors, there are no employees in the Company. The Board will pursue an equal opportunity
policy and seek to employ those persons most suitable to delivering value for the Company.
Corporate responsibility
The Group operates a management system that embodies Environmental, Health, Safety and Social
Responsibility principles.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
STRATEGIC REPORT (continued)
Annual Report & Financial Statements For
the year ended 31 March 2026
8
A number of objectives have been set by the Board to address these principles, and the Chief Executive
Officer is responsible for demonstrating to the Board that these principles are adhered to in its
operations, wherever they may be.
The policy of the Board of Pennpetro is to be fully accountable for the necessary practices, procedures
and means being in place so as to ensure that each objective is demonstrated and that continuous
improvement practices are operating to ensure that the required practices, procedures and means are
being monitored, refined and optimised as necessary.
The objectives of the Environmental, Health, Safety and Social Responsibility Policy include:
• The Group shall manage all operations in a manner that protects the environment and the
health and safety of employees, third parties and the community.
• Risk identification, assessment and prioritisation can reduce risk and mitigate hazards to
employees, third parties, the community and the environment. Management of risk is a continuous
process.
• The use of internationally recognised standards, procedures and specifications for design,
construction and commissioning activities are essential for achieving operational excellence.
• The minimisation of environmental risks and liabilities are integral parts of the Group’s
operations.
• Third parties who provide materials and services or operate facilities on the Group’s behalf have
an impact on Environmental, Health and Safety and Social Responsibility excellence. It is
essential that third-party services are provided in a manner consistent with the Group’s Policy.
• Preparedness and planning for emergencies are essential to ensuring that all necessary actions
are taken if an incident occurs, to protect employees, third parties, the public, the environment,
the assets and brand of Pennpetro.
• Open and honest communication with the communities, authorities and stakeholders with which
the Group operates builds confidence and trust in the integrity of Pennpetro.
The Group has determined that the greenhouse gas emissions from the operations of the Company and
its subsidiaries are sufficiently low that it does not have responsibility to produce the disclosures required
under the Companies Act 2006 (Strategic Report and Directors’ Report) Regulations 2013. This is
because the Group had no operating activities during the current or prior period, resulting in nil or
negligible greenhouse gas emissions.
During the year to 31 March 2026, the Company did not carry on any operational activities and there have
been no breaches of any applicable Acts recorded against the Group during the reporting period.
Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD)
This section of the report sets out our climate-related disclosures in relation to the four pillars of the TCFD
framework; Governance, Strategy, Risk Mitigation and Metrics & Targets.
Governance
The Board of Directors is responsible for oversight of climate related risks and opportunities – refer to the
principal risk exposure on climate related matters on page 9. Climate related risks and opportunities are
reviewed each six months.
Strategy
The Group currently has no operating oil and gas assets, following the disposal of its former US subsidiary
during the year (see the Strategic Report and Note 27), and therefore has no direct climate-related
operational exposure at present. The Board remains cognisant of the impact of climate change issues
prevailing within the petroleum industry and energy sector more broadly and will assess climate-related
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
STRATEGIC REPORT (continued)
Annual Report & Financial Statements For
the year ended 31 March 2026
9
risks specific to any future asset acquisitions as part of its due diligence process.
The Group’s strategic focus is the completion of a reverse takeover to acquire new energy assets,
principally the proposed acquisition of an interest in the Limnytska oil and gas licence in western Ukraine.
Climate-related risks and opportunities specific to that or any other proposed transaction will be assessed
as part of the Board’s due diligence and reported on in line with the TCFD framework as the transaction
progresses.
The Board has considered the resilience of the Company’s strategy under different climate-related
scenarios, including a scenario consistent with limiting global warming to 2°C or below. Given the Group’s
current absence of any operating assets, direct transition risk exposure is presently minimal. However, the
Board recognises that longer-term regulatory changes, carbon pricing mechanisms, and shifts in energy
demand could affect the sector once new assets are acquired.
The new Board includes directors with a long and strong background in the environmental sector and
Indigenous connections, to whom the environment is a key feature of their belief system and their
investment and management process. The Company takes the environmental impacts of its activities very
seriously and makes decisions with a significant level of awareness of the environmental impact of its
decisions.
Risk Management
The Board of Directors is responsible for identifying and assessing climate related risks. Although there is
currently no formal process for this, the Board is developing one with the support of RMD Group, which
has significant holdings in a number of sustainable energy companies which will ensure that as the Group’s
activities are expected to increase in the coming years, Pennpetro will always be mindful of and aligned
with the evolving environmental best practices in industries it touches.
As the Group currently has no operating assets, no significant physical environmental risks have been
identified in the year under review. The Board will consider physical climate-related risks as part of its due
diligence on any future asset acquisitions.
The Directors will monitor the regulatory requirements applicable to any future assets acquired by the
Group, on both a jurisdictional and international perspective, such that the Company can be pro-active in
complying with applicable climate-related and environmental requirements.
Metrics and Targets
The Group currently has no operating assets and hence no material climate-related metrics to report
for the year under review. The Directors will develop climate-related metrics and targets appropriate
to the scale and nature of the Group’s operations once a new transaction completes. Given the current
situation, the Company has adopted a ‘comply or explain’ provision in responding to climate-related
metrics.
The Directors have assessed there to be limited Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3 emissions from the
Group’s administrative and operational activities; Scope 3 emissions relating to the supply chain have
not yet been evaluated largely due to the fact that there was no supply chain in the reporting period.
The Group did not generate any Scope 2 emissions during the year, as it did not consume purchased
energy in its operations.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
STRATEGIC REPORT (continued)
Annual Report & Financial Statements For
the year ended 31 March 2026
10
Section 172(1) Statement
Section 172 of the Companies Act 2006 requires Directors to take into consideration the interests of
stakeholders and other matters in their decision making. The Directors continue to have regard to the
interests of the Company’s employees and other stakeholders, the impact of its activities on the
community, the environment and the Company’s reputation for good business conduct, when making
decisions. In this context, acting in good faith and fairly, the Directors consider what is most likely to
promote the success of the Company for its members in the long term. We explain in this annual report,
and referenced herein, how the Board engages with stakeholders.
Promotion of the Company for the benefit of the members as a whole
The Directors believe they have acted in the way most likely to promote the success of the Company
for the benefit of its members as a whole, as required by s172 of the Companies Act 2006.
The requirements of s172 are for the Directors to:
● Consider the likely consequences of any decision in the long term,
● Act fairly between the members of the Company,
● Maintain a reputation for high standards of business conduct,
● Consider the interests of the Company’s employees,
● Foster the Company’s relationships with suppliers, customers and others, and
● Consider the impact of the Company’s operations on the community and the environment.
The Company is quoted on the London Stock Exchange, and its members will be fully aware, through
detailed announcements, shareholder meetings, online discussion sessions and regulatory financial
communications, of the Board’s broad and specific intentions and the rationale for its decisions. The
application of the s172 requirements is demonstrated throughout this report and the financial statements
as a whole, with the following examples representing some of the key decisions made in this reporting
period and up to the date of approval of these financial statements:
The likely consequences of any decision in the long term
The application of the Section 172(1) requirements can be demonstrated in relation to some of the key
decisions made during the reporting period, including:
● Renegotiation of strategic transactions and liabilities
● Focus on developing strategic energy projects
● Strengthening financial governance and management
● Improving communications with shareholders and stakeholders
The need to act fairly between members of the Company
After weighing up all relevant factors, the Directors consider which course of action best enables delivery
of our strategy over the long-term, taking into consideration the impact on stakeholders. The Directors
believe they have acted in the way they consider most likely to promote the success of the Company
for the benefit of its members as a whole.
The Board is committed to maintaining good communication and having constructive dialogue with its
shareholders. The Company has close ongoing relationships with key private shareholders, analysts,
and brokers, providing the opportunity to discuss issues and provide feedback at meetings with the
Company. All shareholders are encouraged to attend the Company’s Annual General Meeting and any
general meetings held by the Company, as well as regularly organised online Q and A sessions (5 have
taken place since the board restructuring in Q4:2025).
The desirability of the Company maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct
The Board periodically reviews and approves clear frameworks to ensure that its high standard is
maintained both within the Group and the business relationships we maintain. This, complemented by
the various ways the Board is informed and monitors compliance with relevant governance standards,
help ensure its decisions are taken and that the Group acts in ways that promote high standards of
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
STRATEGIC REPORT (continued)
Annual Report & Financial Statements For
the year ended 31 March 2026
11
business conduct. At Pennpetro this is an all the more necessary focus to ensure that confidence be
restored in the Company given the less than satisfactory behaviour in this regard by former directors at
Pennpetro.
The interests of the Company’s employees
The Company had no employees during the year. Accordingly, the Directors did not have any matters
to consider in respect of the interests of employees when performing their duties under section 172(1)
of the Companies Act 2006. The Board keeps the Company’s resourcing requirements under review
and will give due consideration to employee interest should staff be engaged in the future.
The fostering of relationships with suppliers, customers and others
Delivering on our strategy requires strong mutually beneficial relationships with partners, customers and
suppliers. The Group values all of its suppliers and aims to build strong positive relationships through
open communication and adherence to option agreement terms. The Group is committed to being a
responsible entity and doing the right thing for its suppliers and business partners.
The impact of the Company’s operations on the community and the environment
The Group is committed to the highest environmental, social and governance standards both internally
and externally with its partners. The Company is committed to being a responsible entity in terms of the
community and the wider environment. As a Company focused on developing oil projects internationally,
the Board takes seriously its ethical responsibilities to the communities and environments in which it
operates. We abide by the local and relevant UK laws on anti-corruption & bribery.
Conclusion
Having considered the matter set out above, the Directors are satisfied that they have fulfilled their duty
under section 172(1) of the Companies Act 2006 to act in good faith in a manner most likely to promote
the success of the Company for the benefit of its members as a whole.
Principal Risks and Uncertainties
The Group’s activities expose it to a variety of risks and uncertainties.
Financing and liquidity risk
The Group is dependent on external funding to meet its working capital requirements, settle creditor
balances, and progress its strategic objectives. At the reporting date, the Group has limited cash
resources and remains reliant on future equity fundraisings, debt restructuring, and asset transactions.
There is no certainty that additional funding will be available.
Failure to secure sufficient funding in a timely manner could result in an inability to meet liabilities as
they fall due, delays to operational plans, loss of key assets, or further dilution for shareholders. The
Board actively monitors short-term cash flow forecasts, engages with existing creditors regarding
restructuring options, and evaluates potential funding alternatives.
The Group has outstanding Convertible Loan Notes (“CLNs”) issued by the Company: CLN1 of
£250,000 (24 September 2025), CLN2 of £250,000 (24 January 2026) and CLN3 of £325,000 (30 April
2026), being £825,000 in aggregate, which may, depending on future events, require repayment in cash
if not converted into equity. A further CLN4, of up to £500,000, is likely to be required in the near term
to support the Group’s continuing working capital needs. This is actively monitored as part of the Group’s
liquidity management.
If required, the Board will take appropriate mitigating actions, including deferral of discretionary
expenditure, renegotiation of payment terms, and prioritisation of essential costs.
The Company’s Directors are paid in the majority of their remuneration by ‘fully paid up shares’ accrued
against their service and subject to certain resolutions as yet not passed by shareholders. In the event
that shareholders do not resolve to pass the resolutions necessary for the Company to pay remuneration
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
STRATEGIC REPORT (continued)
Annual Report & Financial Statements For
the year ended 31 March 2026
12
to directors by way of shares, then the Company still has the obligation to pay its Board in cash as an
alternative.
Regulatory status and return to trading
The Company's shares have been suspended from trading on the London Stock Exchange since 1
August 2024. The Financial Conduct Authority has confirmed that grounds currently exist for it to cancel
the Company's listing and has reserved the right to exercise that power at any time; it has, however,
agreed to put that decision on hold and to allow the Company a reasonable period to pursue its proposed
reverse takeover while the listing remains suspended, without this being any guarantee as to the
outcome.
The Company's own stated position, communicated to the FCA, is that it does not intend to seek a
restoration of its existing listing but instead to cancel that listing and seek fresh admission of its shares
under the UK Listing Rules applicable to operating companies (UKLR 5) once the reverse takeover
completes.
There can accordingly be no certainty that the Company's listing will not be cancelled before that
process completes, or that any future application — whether for restoration of the existing listing or for
admission of the Company's shares following the reverse takeover — will be granted. Pursuing that
reverse takeover and bringing a Prospectus and reverse takeover strategy to shareholders in the
shortest possible timeframe, is accordingly the Board's principal priority and focus.
Market risk
The Group may operate in an international market for hydrocarbons, among others including
environmentally sustainable transition energy markets, and is exposed to risk arising from variations in
the demand for and price of energy. Energy prices historically have fluctuated widely and are affected
by numerous factors over which the Group does not have any control, including world production levels,
international economic trends, currency exchange fluctuations, inflation, speculative activity,
consumption patterns and global or regional political events. The Group will consider hedging against
the risks of fluctuating energy prices and currency exchange once commercial production
recommences.
Environmental risk
The Group’s operations are subject to environmental regulation in all the jurisdictions in which it
operates. The Group is unable to predict the effect of additional environmental laws and regulations
which may be adopted in the future, including whether any such laws or regulations would adversely
affect the Group’s operations. There can be no assurance that such new environmental legislation once
implemented will not oblige the Group to incur significant expenses and undertake significant
investments. The Group identifies, assesses and prioritises environmental risks on an ongoing basis,
as part of its management system. To partially deal with these uncertainties the Company does not
include carbon or emissions benefit scheme related revenues, subsidies or grants in its financial
modelling and will only report received revenues from such sources post-receipt, where they are already
received and risk has therefore been mitigated.
Audit opinion and historical financial records
The Group's audit report for the year under review, and for the two preceding years, has carried a
disclaimer of opinion, arising from the state of the Company's books and records maintained under
previous management, including gaps in the records of certain subsidiaries and the loss of the
Company's Company Secretary and financial controller in April 2024. The Financial Conduct Authority
has asked the Company to demonstrate a clean, disclaimer-free reporting position ahead of any return
to trading. The Board intends to commission audited interim accounts for the period from 1 April to 30
June 2026 — the first period wholly under the stewardship of the current Board — which the Directors
expect to be free of such disclaimers.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
STRATEGIC REPORT (continued)
Annual Report & Financial Statements For
the year ended 31 March 2026
13
There is no certainty that this exercise will achieve that outcome.
Completion and valuation of the proposed reverse takeover
The Company's strategy is centred on completing a reverse takeover, principally the proposed
acquisition of an interest, of up to 100%, in the Limnytska oil and gas licence in western Ukraine.
Completion of this, and of any other proposed transaction, is subject to due diligence, definitive
contractual terms, funding, regulatory approvals (including publication of a prospectus where required)
and shareholder approval, and there can be no certainty that any such transaction will complete on the
terms currently contemplated, or at all. Any indicative valuation of the proposed transaction is dependent
in part on a Competent Person's Report which has been initiated, but has not been finalised as at the
date of this report.
Shell company status and listing category
Following the disposal of its remaining US interests, the Company became a shell company for the
purposes of the UK Listing Rules with effect from 5 June 2026.
UKLR 13.2.3G generally allows a twelve-month grace period from that date — in this case on or around
5 June 2027 — within which a shell company must either comply with the eligibility requirements for
transfer to the Equity Shares (Shell Companies) category, or otherwise resolve its listing status,
including by completing a reverse takeover. The Board's intention is that the proposed reverse takeover
will be completed within that period, following which the Company intends to seek cancellation of its
existing listing and admission of its shares under UKLR 5 as an operating company, rather than transfer
to the shell companies category; the Company has undertaken to engage with the FCA in advance
should it become apparent that this timetable will not be met. There can be no certainty that the reverse
takeover will complete within the available period, or that the FCA will grant any application the Company
may make in connection with it.
Historical accounts and secretarial arrangements
The FCA has raised questions as to whether financial periods prior to those already the subject of a
disclaimer of opinion may also have been affected by the record-keeping and secretarial deficiencies
identified under previous management.
The Company has undertaken an initial internal review of these matters and has discussed its scope
and conclusions with the FCA. The Board considers that a more extensive historical investigation would
be disproportionately costly, and unlikely, given the limited information now available, to produce a
materially different outcome, and Spark continues to engage with the FCA, on behalf of the Company
on this basis.
There can be no certainty that the FCA will accept this position.
Share register, beneficial ownership and dilution
The Company intends to rely on the non-cash consideration exemption under the Companies Act 2006
to resolve (part of) it’s outstanding obligations to issue shares relating to certain contributed shares,
supported by an independent valuation which has not been finalised as at the date of this report. The
FCA insisted on the Company seeking external, independent opinion from Legal Counsel in this
respect. The Company complied and engaged Erskine Chambers, a leading firm of London barristers
for this purpose. The opinion was received by the Company on July 21st 2026, confirming that the non-
cash consideration applies for certain contributed shares
The resolution of the Company’s obligation to issue shares in relation to the previously contributed
shares will affect the number of shares in issue and the resulting dilution of existing shareholders,
although the dilution already found its origin in the past when the share contribution transactions were
concluded.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
STRATEGIC REPORT (continued)
Annual Report & Financial Statements For
the year ended 31 March 2026
14
The Company is at the date of drafting of this report, a co-defendant in ongoing litigation relating to the
beneficial ownership of certain shares, in which a claimant has sought to add the Company as an
additional defendant to proceedings against other parties.
The Board's view is that this addition is a cynical attempt to add weight to the claimant's own arguments
against the other defendants, rather than a genuine claim against the Company, and that the claim
against the Company has no real prospect of succeeding. Should the court decided that the
shareholders register should be corrected, then the Company will comply, but it cannot be a party to
proceedings about the ownership of shares.
The Company has applied to the court to strike out the claim, with a hearing now listed for 21st August
2026
There can be no certainty as to the outcome or timing of that hearing or the associated litigation, but it
should not affect other shareholders
Litigation
The Company is at the date of drafting of this report, a defendant in ongoing litigation relating to its
historic share register, in which a claimant has sought to add the Company as an additional defendant
to proceedings he had already brought against other parties.
The Board's view is that this addition is a cynical attempt to add weight to the claimant's own arguments
against the original defendants, rather than a genuine claim against the Company, and that the claim
against the Company has no real prospect of succeeding.
The Company has applied to the court to strike out the claim, with a hearing listed for August 2026, the
deadline for the filing of these audited financial statements.
The outcome was not known as at the date of approval of this report, and there can be no certainty as
to the outcome or timing of that hearing or the associated litigation.
Immediately upon the outcome becoming known to the Company an RNS will be issued. As the timing
of the hearing and publishing of this report overlap it is possible that this paragraph may be superseded.
Global Emerging Markets (GEM) settlement
The Company under former management previously arranged a £20,000,000 credit facility with GEM.
The Company defaulted under that facility, and GEM brought proceedings against the Company in
London, in which judgment was obtained against the Company in respect of an outstanding
arrangement fee. The current Board has since agreed amicable settlement terms with GEM and
conditional on the Company's return to trading, comprising the issue of shares to GEM to a value of
approximately £400,000 around the price prevailing on return to trading, creating an extension of access
to the credit facility should the Company wish to use it in future.
There can be no certainty as to the number of shares that will ultimately be issued under this
arrangement to settle the funds outstanding which will depend on the share price prevailing at the date
of return to trading. There is no visibility today as to whether the ongoing credit line will be used or to
what extent either.
This report was approved by the Board on 31 July 2026 and signed on its behalf:
Richard Spinks
Executive Co-Chairman
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
DIRECTORS‘ REPORT
Annual Report & Financial Statements For
the year ended 31 March 2026
15
Directors’ Report
The Directors present their Annual Report and the audited Financial Statements for the year ended 31
March 2026.
Organisation Review
The Board is responsible for providing strategic direction for the Group. This incorporates setting out
objectives, management policies and performance criteria. The Board assesses its performance against
these on a monthly basis.
Composition of the Board at 31 March 2026 was one Executive Director, one Executive Chairman and
two Non-Executive Directors.
During the year, Stephen Lunn resigned from the Board on 7 November 2025, Robert Menzel resigned
from the Board on 16 March 2026, and Sergiy Lesyk was appointed as a Non-Executive Director on 26
January 2026.
Post year end, on 17 April 2026, Ronald Derrickson was appointed as Non-Executive Co-Chairman of
the Company. On 1 May 2026, Justin Fraser Jones was appointed as a Non-Executive Director of the
Company. Composition of the Board at the date of signing these financial statements was one Executive
Director, one Executive Chairman, and four Non-Executive Directors. The Board believes that the
present composition provides an appropriate mix to conduct the Group’s affairs.
The Board is responsible for monitoring risks and uncertainties faced by the Group. These risks and
uncertainties are detailed in the Strategic Report and note 3 to the financial statements.
The corporate governance arrangement of the Group is disclosed in the Corporate Governance Report.
Directors and Directors’ interests
The Directors who held office during the year to the date of approval of these financial statements,
together with their beneficial interests in the ordinary shares of the Company, are shown below.
31 March 2026
31 March 2025
Ordinary
shares
(number)
Share
options
(number)
Ordinary
shares
(number)
Share
options
(number)
Olof Rapp
2,500,000
-
2,500,000
-
Andy Clifford (resigned 25 March
2024)
1,000,000
-
1,000,000
-
Stephen Lunn (resigned 7
November 2025)
1,404
-
1,404
-
Robert Menzel (appointed 21
January 2025, resigned 16 March
2026)
-
-
-
-
Mavriky Kalugin (appointed 16
October 2025)
-
-
-
-
Richard Spinks (appointed 29
October 2025)
-
-
-
-
Sergiy Lesyk (appointed 26
January 2026)
-
-
-
-
Justin Fraser Jones (appointed 1
May 2026)
-
-
-
-
Ronald Derrickson (appointed 17
April 2026)
-
-
-
-
The Directors who held office at 31 March 2026 are summarised as follows:
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
DIRECTORS‘ REPORT
Annual Report & Financial Statements For
the year ended 31 March 2026
16
Name of Director
Position
Richard Spinks
Executive Chairman (appointed 29 October 2025)
Mavriky Kalugin
Executive Director (appointed 16 October 2025)
Sergiy Lesyk
Non-Executive Director (appointed 26 January 2026)
Olof Rapp
Senior Non-Executive Director
Directors’ Remuneration
The Remuneration Committee assesses the appropriateness of the nature and amount of emoluments
of the Directors on a periodic basis by reference to relevant employment market conditions with the
overall objective of ensuring maximum stakeholder benefit from the retention of a high-quality Board and
senior executive team.
The Directors’ remuneration and policies for appointment or replacement of directors are disclosed in
the Directors’ Remuneration Report.
Dividends
The Directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend (2025: $Nil).
Share capital and major shareholdings
The issued share capital of the Company as at 31 March 2026 comprised 112,299,089 shares of 1p
(2025: 112,299,089).
The Company has only one class of share capital formed of ordinary shares. All shares forming part of
the ordinary share capital have the same rights and each carry one vote.
As at 31 July 2026 the Company had been notified of the following interests in the Company’s ordinary
share capital:
Number of shares
Percentage (%)
Hargreaves Lansdown (Nominees) Limited
9,899,411
8.82
Interactive Investor Services Nominees
Limited
8,697,695
7. 75
Hargreaves Lansdown (Nominees) Limited
7,558,903
6.73
Hargreaves Lansdown (Nominees) Limited
7,317,390
6.52
Interactive Investor Services Nominees
Limited
6,891,873
6.14
Jesse White
6,000,000
5.34
Barclays Direct Investing Nominees Limited
5,434,715
4.84
HSDL Nominees Limited
4,980,290
4.43
Pershing Nominees Limited
4,639,527
4.13
HSDL Nominees Limited
3,875,662
3.45
Interactive Investor Services Nominees
Limited
3,672,134
3.27
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
DIRECTORS‘ REPORT
Annual Report & Financial Statements For
the year ended 31 March 2026
17
These interests are before issuing shares owed to shareholders who previously contributed their shares
to the Company.
To the best of the Directors’ knowledge, no shareholder directly or indirectly exercises, or could
exercise, control over the Company.
Going Concern
These financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis, as set out in Note 2.3.
Under the going concern assumption, an entity is ordinarily viewed as continuing in business for the
foreseeable future with neither the intention nor the necessity of liquidation, ceasing trading or seeking
protection from creditors pursuant to laws or regulations.
The Group received no income from oil sales in the year to 31 March 2026, even along with reducing
expenditure for the financial year 2027, the forecasts indicate that the Group and Parent Company, in
order to meet their operational objectives, and expected liabilities as they fall due, will be required to
raise additional funds within the next 12 months.
On 24 September 2025, the Company entered into a convertible loan note agreement to provide the
Company with £250,000 for working capital requirements. Another convertible loan note agreement to
provide the Company with £250,000 for working capital requirements was entered into on 24 January
2026. A third convertible loan note agreement, for £325,000, was entered into on 30 April 2026. Further
details are set out in Note 20. The Board considers it likely that a further convertible loan note, of up to
£500,000, will be required, likely from RMD Group, before completion of the proposed reverse takeover,
publication of a Prospectus, and return to trading, in order to meet the Group's funding requirements
through to that point.
Whilst the Directors are confident that they will secure the necessary funding, the current conditions do
indicate the existence of a material uncertainty that may cast significant doubt regarding the applicability
of the going concern assumption. The Directors are confident in the Company’s ability to raise additional
funds as required, from existing and/or new investors, within the next 12 months. Thus, they continue to
adopt the going concern basis of accounting preparing these financial statements.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
DIRECTORS‘ REPORT
Annual Report & Financial Statements For
the year ended 31 March 2026
18
Events after the Reporting Period
See note 30 for details.
Provision of Information to Auditor
So far as each of the Directors is aware at the time this report is approved:
• there is no relevant audit information of which the Company's auditor is unaware; and
• the Directors have taken all steps that they ought to have taken to make themselves aware of
any relevant audit information and to establish that the auditor is aware of that information.
Independent Auditor
The auditor, Crowe U.K. LLP was appointed in accordance with section 485 of the Companies Act 2006
to audit the accounts of Pennpetro Energy Plc for the year ended 31 March 2026.
This report was approved by the board on 31 July 2026 and signed on its behalf:
Richard Spinks
Executive Chairman
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
DIRECTORS’ INFORMATION
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
19
As at the date of this report, the following directors held office in the Company:
Olof Nils Anders Rapp, Non-Executive Director
Olof Rapp has vast international experience in the aerospace and automotive sector and has held
leading managerial positions with Rolls- Royce International, Volvo Truck Corporation and VistaJet
International in South America, Middle East and Asia. His last position at Rolls Royce was as Regional
Director, Malaysia, with overall responsibility for Rolls-Royce Plc’s business in Malaysia and Brunei
(Aviation, Marine, Nuclear and Oil & Gas). Olof serves as a Board Director in Serunai Commerce Sdn
Bhd. He has also served as Director of European Chamber of Commerce Malaysia (EuroCham), and
Vice President of Swedish Chamber of Commerce Malaysia (SwedCham).
Richard George Spinks, Executive Co-Chairman
Richard, a serial entrepreneur, has 40 years’ experience working across sectors including technology,
fisheries, agriculture, forestry, and for the past 13 years, renewable energy and decarbonisation fuel
product development. He has founded several disruptive companies in traditional industry sectors, held
executive and board positions in privately held, and in both US and UK listed entities. Richard works
internationally and has deep knowledge ad strong connections, including in Ukraine where he has been
active for over 20 years. Richard is multi-lingual and a strong communicator in multiple languages.
Mavriky Anisimovich Kalugin, Chief Executive Officer
Mavriky Kalugin has over 28 years of experience in the oil and gas sector and extensive global expertise
in managing upstream and service companies, greenfield and brownfield development, and production
optimization. He recently served as Executive Director and COO and Naftogaz Group in Ukraine. Mavriky
also works as Deputy Chair for Ukrnafta JSC, and Executive Vice President for production and refining.
Previously, Mavriky held senior positions for Petrofac, Cairn India, TNK-BP, ConocoPhillips, and ARCO-
Alaska. He has a BSc Chemical Engineering degree from the University of Idaho and is a US citizen,
from Alaska.
Sergiy Lesyk, Independent Non-Executive Director
Sergiy Lesyk has over 25 years of experience in the international financial services sector, including
wealth management, corporate finance, and investment banking. He is currently Director of Research
and Analytics at FTSE Russell, a subsidiary of the London Stock Exchange Group. He previously served
as Head of Representative Office at UBS AG, representing the largest Wealth Manager in Ukraine, and
Head of Research at Millenium Capital. Sergiy is a chartered certified accountant, having started his
career at Price Waterhouse in 1994, and graduating from the London School of Economics.
Ronald Derrickson, Non-Executive Co-Chairman
Grand Chief Derrickson is the Owner and President of RMD Group, and a leading, highly successful
Indigenous entrepreneur known across Canada and the United States for his leadership in Indigenous
economic development and protection of Indigenous Rights.
RMD Group is Pennpetro's Convertible Loan Note lender and the appointee of two Board Directors along
with behind the vendor-side counterparty in the proposed Limnytska licence.
After being elected Chief of Westbank First Nation in 1976. He served as Chief of the Westbank First
Nation from 1976 to 1986 and from 1996 to 1998, taking his community from an indebted People with
limited prospects to one of Canada’s most successful Indigenous Bands, with an annual GDP of over
c.$1billion today, and one of the fastest growing communities in British Columbia and Canada.
Ron was honoured by his peers and elected unanimously by the Union of BC Indian Chiefs in 2012 as
Grand Chief for Life, in recognition of his service to his People.
He has been a lifelong defender of the rights of Indigenous People and was responsible for succeeding
in gaining forestry rights, Canada-wide for Indigenous Peoples where prior, there were none. His
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
DIRECTORS’ INFORMATION
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
20
relationships are incredibly valuable when resources and Indigenous involvement are present too,
through his involvement Pennpetro is evaluating unique opportunities and exploring new economic
models for resource development in Canada.
Ron is also an award-winning author, working on his seventh book to date, and a philanthropist providing
among other valuable programs, scholarships, providing education to Indigenous students who
otherwise would not enjoy the opportunities that some take for granted, reversing his own personal
experiences as a young Indigenous man growing up.
Justin Fraser Jones, Non-Executive Director
Justin Fraser Jones was appointed to the Board in 2026, and is a Chartered Management Institute
qualified senior leader with over 30 years' experience in governance, risk management, regulatory
compliance, financial oversight and strategic delivery, with deep expertise in forensic investigation,
financial crime and board-level advisory services.
Mr Jones is a former Detective Chief Inspector and Senior Investigating Officer with Hertfordshire
Constabulary (1982 to 2012), where he led major investigations into serious, organised crime, money
laundering and fraud, with full accountability for governance, evidence integrity, risk management and
regulatory compliance. He holds specialist expertise in anti-money laundering, the Regulation of
Investigatory Powers, Human Rights legislation and data protection, and was awarded both a Judge's
Commendation and a Chief Constable's Commendation during his service.
Since leaving the police service, Mr Jones has built a portfolio of board and consultancy roles.
He is currently a director and shareholder of Deuce Consultancy Limited, through which he provides
forensic investigation, strategic advisory and corporate governance services to commercial clients
21
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities
The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the Financial Statements in
accordance with applicable laws and regulations.
Under Company law the Directors must not approve the Financial Statements unless they are satisfied
that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and Group as at the end of the
financial year and of the profit or loss of the Group for that period. In preparing these Financial
Statements, the Directors are required to:
● select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
● make judgments and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
● state whether the applicable UK adopted international accounting standards have been followed
subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the Financial Statements; and
● prepare the Financial Statements on a going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume
that the Company will continue in business.
The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and
explain the Company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial
position of the Company and the Group and enable them to ensure that the Financial Statements comply
with the Companies Act 2006.
They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and Group and hence for taking
reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
The Directors are also responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial
information included on the Company’s website. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the
preparation and dissemination of the Financial Statements may differ from legislation in other
jurisdictions.
Directors’ Responsibility pursuant to DTR4
Each of the Directors whose names and functions are listed on page 2 confirm that, to the best of their
knowledge and belief:
● The Financial Statements give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and
loss of the Group and Company; and
● The Annual Report and Financial Statements, including the Strategic Report, includes a fair
review of the development and performance of the business and the position of the Group and
Company, together with a description of the principal risks and uncertainties that they face.
This statement was approved by the board on 31 July 2026 and signed on its behalf:
Richard Spinks
Executive Chairman
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
22
Corporate Governance Practices
Pennpetro Energy plc’s ordinary shares are listed on the London Stock Exchange in the Equity Shares
(Transition) category and is thus not required to comply with the requirements of the U.K. Corporate
Governance Code (“the Code”) as issued by the Financial Reporting Council. The disclosures below
are required by the UKLA’s Disclosure and Transparency Rule 7.
The Board is committed to ensuring the highest standards of corporate governance, and voluntarily
complies with, subject to the exceptions listed below, the supporting principles and provisions set out in
the Code.
The Company is small with no current resource base following the disposal of its US subsidiaries in
March of 2026, within this reporting period.
The Company has a clear mandate to optimise the allocation of limited resources to support its
development plans. As such, the Company strives to maintain a balance between conservation of
limited resources and maintaining robust corporate governance practices. As the Company evolves, the
Board is committed to enhancing the Company’s corporate governance policies and practices deemed
appropriate for the size and maturity of the Company.
Section 1: Board Leadership and Company Purpose
The Company’s purpose is to focus on developing strategic traditional and transition energy projects.
The Board ensures that the Company’s strategy, operational objectives, and governance framework are
aligned with this purpose.
The Board determines the strategic objectives of the Company and oversees their implementation with
a focus on long-term value generation and preservation.
The Board reviews opportunities and risks to the future success of the Company through regular Board
Meetings. The Board usually meets a minimum of four times per year but may meet more frequently on
an ad-hoc basis as and when required. The Chairman is ultimately responsible for ensuring that each
board decision is taken having sufficient information on and with all due discussion as is relevant to
such discussion.
Culture underpins the delivery of strategy and long-term success. The Board monitors and assesses
culture through
● Review of operational performance and conduct;
● Oversight of regulatory compliance;
● Consideration of stakeholder feedback; and
● Review of adherence to expected standards of behaviour.
The Board takes corrective action where behaviours or practices are not aligned with the Company’s
values or governance expectations.
During the year to 31 March 2026, no resolutions received 20% or more of votes cast against the
Board’s recommendation.
The Board has procedures in place to identify and manage conflicts of interest. The Board is aware of
the other commitments and interests of its Directors and changes to these commitments and interests
are report to, and, where appropriate, agreed with the rest of the Board. Declared interests are recorded
in the minutes.
All Directors have made a declaration as to their other activities, directorships and shareholdings
and have declared formally any existing conflicts of interest.
Section 2: Division of Responsibilities
The Group has a schedule of matters reserved for its own decision and two committees comprised of
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
23
Non-Executive Directors: The Audit Committee and the Remuneration Committee, each with delegated
duties and responsibilities set out in respective Terms of Reference.
The division of responsibilities between the Chairman and the Chief Executive Officer is clearly defined,
however, they work closely together to ensure effective decision making and successful delivery of the
Group’s strategy.
During the year, the Board held 6 meetings. Attendance was as follows:
Director
Meetings Attended
Meetings Eligible
Olof Rapp
6
6
Stephen Lunn
4
4
Robert Menzel
5
6
Richard Spinks
3
3
Mavriky Kalugin
3
3
Sergiy Lesyk
1
1
Ronald Derrickson
-
-
Justin Jones
-
-
Section 3: Composition, Succession and Evaluation
During the year, the Board comprised of one Executive Director, one Executive Chairman and two Non-
Executive Directors. Directors stand for election at the first Annual General Meeting (“AGM”) following
their appointment by the Board. One-third of the Board are to retire annually and be re-elected after this.
Provision 18 of the UK Corporate Governance Code asks that directors are re-elected annually, however
the Company has not adopted this Provision.
The Board has established an Audit Committee and a Remuneration Committee; each currently
comprises two members. The Code recommends that a small company Audit Committee and
Remuneration Committee should have at least two members and the Company complies.
The Board has significant experience in the oil and gas and transition energy sectors and from that, a
strong network of individuals working in the sector. The Board leads the process for Board appointments
and is responsible for review of the Board size, structure, and composition (both executive and non-
executive) including any potential new applicants to ensure the Board contains the right balance of skills,
knowledge, and experience to manage and grow the business.
The Board does not carry out a formal annual evaluation of its performance, its committees, the
Chairman, and individual Directors, which is contrary to the recommendation of Code Provision 21.
However, the Chairman continuously considers the performance of the Board, its committees and of
individual directors on an ongoing basis and provides feedback when appropriate.
The Board considers the time and cost involved in carrying out a formal process, especially one that is
externally facilitated, cannot be justified for the Company at this stage in its development. Nonetheless,
the Board acknowledges the merits in carrying out formal board evaluations and will monitor the
continuing suitability of this stance as the Company grows in size.
Section 4: Audit, Risk and Internal Control
The Audit Committee currently comprises Sergiy Lesyk (Chair) and Olof Rapp in accordance with the
Code, which recommends that a small company Audit Committee should have at least two members.
Committee composition will be reviewed as the Company develops.
The Board considers both principal and emerging risks as part of its ongoing risk review process.
Emerging risks are identified through:
● Regular Board discussions;
● Engagement with advisers;
● Monitoring regulatory and industry developments; and
● Assessment of operational and environmental developments.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
24
Where emerging risks are identified, the Board evaluates their potential impact and likelihood and
implements mitigating actions, which may include operational controls, insurance, contractual protections
or strategic adjustments.
The Board is responsible for the Company’s risk management and internal control systems. The Board
monitors these systems on an ongoing basis and has conducted an internal review post year end.
Section 5: Remuneration
The Remuneration Committee currently comprises Sergiy Lesyk (Chair) and Olof Rapp. During the year,
the Remuneration Committee:
● Reviewed directors’ remuneration arrangements;
● Assessed the appropriateness of directors’ fees in light of the Company’s size, performance, and
financial position; and
● Considered market comparators where appropriate.
The Committee ensures that remuneration arrangements support the long-term success of the Company
and do not encourage excessive risk-taking.
As the Company is in a transition stage, the use of traditional performance standards, such. as corporate
profitability, is not considered to be appropriate in the evaluation of corporate or directors’ performance.
Discretionary bonuses may be paid to aid staff retention and reward performance. The Board considers
that the remuneration policy has operated as intended in terms of Company performance and quantum.
Provisions not applied
The following describes the ways in which the Company does not comply with the detailed provisions
of the Code and the Board’s rationale thereon:
• the Board has considered the requirement to prepare a viability statement. As the Group is in the early
stages of establishing operations and has not yet achieved a stable revenue base, the Board does
not consider it appropriate to provide a viability statement this year. This position will be reviewed
annually, and a viability statement will be prepared once operations and revenue generation have
reached a stable and sustainable level. Further details regarding the Group’s assessment of going
concern are provided in note 2.3 of these financial statements;
• the Board as a whole reviews audit and risk matters in accordance with adopted terms of reference
which govern the matters to be reviewed and the frequency with which such matters are considered.
The Board is responsible for the appointment of auditors and approval of their remuneration, monitors
and reviews the integrity of the Company’s financial statements, and takes responsibility for any formal
announcements on the Company’s financial performance;
• the Board as a whole will be responsible for the appointment of executive and non-executive Directors.
The Company does not currently believe it is necessary to have a separate nominations committee
at this time. The requirement for a nominations committee will be considered on an ongoing basis;
• the Board believes in the benefits of diversity, including the need for diversity in order to effectively
represent shareholders’ interests. This diversity is not restricted to gender but also includes
geographic location, nationality, skills, age, educational and professional background. The board’s
policy remains that selection should be based on the best person for the role;
• the Board as a whole will consider the Board’s size, structure and composition and the scale and
structure of the Directors’ fees, taking into account the interests of Shareholders and the performance
of the Company;
• the Board does not comply with the provision of the Corporate Governance Code that at least half of
the Board, excluding the Chairman, should comprise non-executive directors determined by the Board
to be sufficiently independent;
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
25
• the Company has in place procedures ensuring compliance with the new Market Abuse Regulation
and the Board will be responsible for taking all proper and reasonable steps to ensure compliance
with the Market Abuse Regulation by the Directors; and
• the Board did not carry out a review of the effectiveness of the Company’s risk management and
controls; however, this has been carried out after the year end.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT (continued)
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
26
The Board of Directors
As at 31 March 2026, the Board of Directors comprised four members: one Executive Director, one
Executive Chairman and two Non-Executive Directors. The Executive Chairman and Executive Director
have a wealth of experience analytically covering the oil and gas and transition energy industries.
Similarly, the Non-Executive Directors have extensive corporate and financial experience. Since the
year end, two additional Non-Executive Directors have been appointed.
The Company has adopted an internal policy of regular face to face meetings in which all Board
members discuss any issues as and when they arise in relation to the Board or any individual member's
performance.
Board Meetings
The Board ordinarily meets bi-monthly and as and when further required, providing effective leadership
and overall management of the Group's affairs by reference to those matters reserved for its decision.
This includes the approval of the budget and business plan, major capital expenditure, acquisitions and
disposals, risk management policies and the approval of the financial statements. Formal agendas,
papers and reports are sent to the Directors, in a timely manner, prior to the Board meetings. Board
meetings were mostly held telephonically.
Internal Controls
The Board recognises the importance of both financial and non-financial controls and has reviewed the
Group's control environment and any related shortfalls during the year and ongoing. Since the Group
was established, the Directors are satisfied that, given the current size and activities of the Group,
adequate internal controls have been implemented, since October of 2025. Whilst they are aware that
no system can provide absolute assurance against material misstatement or loss, in light of the current
activity and proposed future developments of the Group, continuing reviews of internal controls will be
undertaken to ensure that they are adequate and effective.
Relations with Shareholders
The Board is committed to providing effective communication with the shareholders of the Company.
Significant developments are disseminated through stock exchange announcements and regular
updates on the Company website. The Board views the Annual General Meeting as a forum for
communication between the Group and its shareholders and encourages their participation in its
agenda. Since October, 2025, the Company has organised additional regular online Q and A sessions
inviting shareholders to discuss their concerns or questions with the Company.
Richard Spinks
Executive Chairman
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION REPORT (continued)
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
27
Directors’ Remuneration Report
Annual statement
In the year ended 31 March 2026, no major changes were made to the Directors’ Remuneration Policies.
The Company’s Remuneration Committee operates within the terms of reference approved by the Board.
The Remuneration Committee comprised two Directors, Sergiy Lesyk (Chair of the Remuneration
Committee) and Olof Rapp. In the year to 31 March 2026, the Remuneration Committee documented
one review.
The items included in this report are unaudited unless otherwise stated.
Committee’s main responsibilities
• The Remuneration Committee considers the remuneration policy, employment terms and
remuneration of the Executive Directors;
• The Remuneration Committee’s role is advisory in nature and it makes recommendations to the
Board on the overall remuneration package for the Executive Directors in order to attract, retain and
motivate high quality executives capable of achieving the Company’s objectives;
• The Remuneration Committee also reviews proposals for any share option plans and other incentive
plans, makes recommendations for the grant of awards under such plans as well as approving the
terms of any performance-related pay schemes;
• The Board’s policy is to remunerate the Company’s executives fairly and in such a manner as to
facilitate the recruitment, retention and motivation of suitably qualified personnel; and
• The Remuneration Committee, when considering the remuneration packages of the Company’s
executives, will review the policies of comparable companies in the industry.
Directors’ remuneration (audited)
Fees and benefits of $457,783 were payable to Directors who held office during the year ended 31
March 2026 (2025: $421,367).
Salary
$
Valuation of
options
$
Taxable
benefits
$
Other
receipts
received
$
Pension
benefits
$
2026
Total
$
Olof Rapp
80,413
-
-
-
-
80,413
David Lenigas
-
-
-
-
-
-
Thomas Evans
-
-
-
-
-
-
Stephen Lunn
160,827
-
-
-
-
160,827
Robert Menzel
160,827
-
-
-
-
160,827
Richard Spinks
20,103
-
-
-
-
20,103
Sergiy Lesyk
15,510
-
-
-
-
15,510
Mavriky Kalugin
20,103
-
-
-
-
20,103
457,783
-
-
-
-
457,783
Salary
$
Valuation of
options
$
Taxable
benefits
$
Other
receipts
received
$
Pension
benefits
$
2025
Total
$
Olof Rapp
57,402
-
-
-
-
57,402
David Lenigas
84,263
-
-
-
-
84,263
Thomas Evans
123,840
-
-
-
3,428
127,268
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION REPORT (continued)
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
28
The Directors’ remuneration is disclosed in full in the above table and is not linked to performance.
All current Directors’ service contracts are kept available for inspection at the Company’s registered
office.
All shares and interests held by the Directors are disclosed in the Directors’ report.
Total pension entitlements (audited)
The Company currently does not have any pension plans for any of the Directors and does not pay
pension amounts in relation to their remuneration.
The Company has not paid out any excess retirement benefits to any Directors or past Directors.
Payments to past directors (audited)
The Company has not paid any compensation to past Directors.
Payments for loss of office (audited)
No payments were made for loss of office during the year.
Directors’ interests in share warrants (audited)
None of the Directors had interests in share warrants.
Consideration of shareholder views
The Remuneration Committee considers shareholder feedback received and guidance from
shareholder bodies. This feedback, plus any additional feedback received from time to time, is
considered as part of the Company’s periodic reviews of its policy on remuneration.
Statement of policy on Directors’ remuneration
The Company’s policy is to maintain levels of remuneration so as to attract, motivate, and retain
Directors and Senior Executives of the highest calibre who can contribute their experience to
deliver industry leading performance with the Company’s operations. Currently Director’s
remuneration is not subject to specific performance targets.
In the future, the Company may introduce a remuneration policy that aligns Executive
compensation with corporate and individual performance. This policy aims to align the interests of
Directors with those of shareholders and incentivize them to excel. The Remuneration Committee
reviews the remuneration policy and employment terms for Directors, making recommendations to
the Board of Directors for the overall remuneration packages. No Director participates in any
decision directly affecting their own remuneration.
Policy for new appointments
Base salary levels will take into account market data for the relevant role, internal relativities, the
individual's experience and their current base salary. Where an individual is recruited at below
market norms, they may be re-aligned over time (e.g. two to three years), subject to performance
in the role. Benefits will generally be in accordance with the approved policy.
For external and internal appointments, the Committee may agree that the Company will meet
certain relocation and/or incidental expenses as appropriate.
Stephen Lunn
89,292
-
-
-
-
89,292
Robert Menzel
63,142
-
-
-
-
63,142
417,939
-
-
-
3,428
421,367
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION REPORT (continued)
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
29
Policy on payment for loss of office
Payment for loss of office would be determined by the Remuneration Committee, taking into
account contractual obligations.
Other matters
The Company does not currently have any annual or long-term incentive schemes in place for any
of the Directors and as such there are no disclosures in this respect.
Olof Rapp
Non-Executive Director
31 July 2026
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Annual Report & Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2026
37
Note
Year ended 31
Year ended 31
March 2026
March 2025
$
$
Administrative expenses
6
(935,570)
(941,224)
Operating loss
(935,570)
(941,224)
Finance expense
9
(212,498)
(357,969)
Finance income
20
-
Loss before tax
(1,148,048)
(1,299,193)
Income tax
-
-
Loss after tax from continuing activities
(1,148,048)
(1,299,193)
Profit/(loss) for the year from discontinued activities
25
5,224,171
(417,920)
Profit/(loss) attributable to the owners of the parent
4,076,123
(1,717,113)
Other comprehensive income
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or
loss:
Currency translation differences
-
(107,889)
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax
-
(107,889)
Total comprehensive profit/(loss) for the year
4,076,123
(1,825,002)
attributable to the owners of the parent
Earnings per share from continuing operations
attributable to owners of the parent:
Basic and diluted earnings/(loss) per share (cents)
11
(1.02)
(1.20)
Earnings per share from discontinued operations:
Basic and diluted earnings/(loss) per share (cents)
11
4.26
(0.39)
Earnings per share from total operations:
Basic and diluted earnings/(loss) per share (cents)
11
3.24
(1.59)
The notes on pages 44 to 66 form part of these financial statements.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
Annual Report & Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2026
38
Company number: 10166359
Note
31 March
31 March
2026
2025
$
$
ASSETS
Current assets
Trade and other receivables
13
15,227
-
Cash and cash equivalents
14
40,433
101,852
Total current assets
55,660
101,852
TOTAL ASSETS
55,660
101,852
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Equity attributable to owners of the parent
Share capital
15
1,431,895
1,431,895
Share premium
15
9,255,778
9,255,778
Convertible loan note reserve
18
4,401,491
4,172,846
Reorganisation reserve
(6,578,229)
(6,578,229)
Foreign exchange reserve
(322,560)
(354,497)
Retained losses
(10,870,804)
(14,946,927)
Total equity
(2,682,429)
(7,019,134)
Current liabilities
Trade and other payables
19
2,282,392
2,403,955
Borrowings
16
-
4,717,031
Convertible loan notes
18
455,697
-
Total current liabilities
2,738,089
7,120,986
TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
55,660
101,852
These financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 31 July 2026 and signed on its
behalf by:
Richard Spinks
Executive Co-Chairman
The notes on pages 44 to 66 form part of these financial statements.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
Annual Report & Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2026
40
The notes on pages 44 to 66 form part of these financial statements.
Convertible
Reorganisa
Foreign
Share
Share
loan note
tion
exchange
Retained
Total
capital
premium
reserve
reserve
reserve
losses
Equity
Note
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
As at 1 April 2024
1,277,639
8,443,248
4,172,846
(6,578,229)
(246,608)
(13,229,814)
(6,160,918)
Comprehensive loss for the year
Profit/(Loss) for the year
-
-
-
-
-
(1,717,113)
(1,717,113)
Foreign exchange differences
-
-
-
-
(107,889)
-
(107,889)
Total comprehensive loss for
the year
-
-
-
-
(107,889)
(1,717,113)
(1,825,002)
Transactions with owners
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Issue of share capital
154,256
849,224
-
-
-
-
1,003,480
Cost of issue
-
(36,694)
-
-
-
-
(36,694)
Total transactions with owners
154,256
812,530
-
-
-
-
966,786
As at 31 March 2025
1,431,895
9,255,778
4,172,846
(6,578,229)
(354,497)
(14,946,927)
(7,019,134)
As at 1 April 2025
1,431,895
9,255,778
4,172,846
(6,578,229)
(354,497)
(14,946,927)
(7,019,134)
Comprehensive loss for the year
Profit/Loss) for the year
-
-
-
-
-
4,076,123
4,076,123
Other comprehensive loss for the
year
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Foreign exchange differences
-
-
-
-
31,937
-
31,937
reclassified to profit or loss on
disposal
Total comprehensive loss for
the year
-
-
-
-
-
4,076,123
4,108,060
Transactions with owners
Issue of convertible loan notes
18
-
-
228,645
-
-
-
228,645
Total transactions with owners
-
-
228,645
-
-
-
228,645
As at 31 March 2026
1,431,895
9,255,778
4,401,491
(6,578,229)
(322,560)
(10,870,804)
(2,682,429)
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
Annual Report & Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2026
41
The notes on pages 44 to 66 form part of these financial statements.
Note
Share
capital
$
Share
premium
$
Convertible
loan note
reserve
$
Foreign
exchange
reserve
$
Retained
losses
$
Total
Equity
$
As at 1 April 2024
1,277,639
8,443,248
4,172,846
(214,671)
(15,459,199)
(1,780,137)
Comprehensive loss for the year
Loss for the year
-
-
-
-
(979,040)
(979,040)
Foreign exchange differences
-
-
-
(53,467)
-
(53,467)
Total comprehensive loss for
the year
-
-
-
(53,467)
(979,040)
(1,032,507)
Transactions with owners
-
-
-
-
-
-
Issue of share capital
154,256
849,224
-
-
-
1,003,480
Cost of issue
-
(36,694)
-
-
-
(36,694)
Total transactions with owners
154,256
812,530
-
-
-
966,786
As at 31 March 2025
1,431,895
9,255,778
4,172,846
(268,138)
(16,438,239)
(1,845,858)
As at 1 April 2025
1,431,895
9,255,778
4,172,846
(268,138)
(16,438,239)
(1,845,858)
Comprehensive loss for the year
Loss for the year
-
-
-
-
(1,035,689)
(1,035,689)
Other comprehensive loss for the
year
-
-
-
(29,527)
-
(29,527)
Total comprehensive loss for
the year
-
-
-
(29,527)
(1,035,689)
(1,065,216)
Transactions with owners
Issue of convertible loan notes
18
-
-
228,645
-
-
228,645
Total transactions with owners
-
-
228,645
-
-
228,645
As at 31 March 2026
1,431,895
9,255,778
4,401,491
(297,665)
(17,473,928)
(2,682,429)
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
42
Year ended
Year ended
31 March
31 March
2026
2025
$
$
Cash Flows from operating activities
Profit/(Loss) for the year
4,076,123
(1,717,113)
Gain on disposal group
(5,361,936)
-
Release of PAYE creditor balance
(172,127)
-
Foreign exchange
(7,387)
(107,504)
Finance costs
212,512
357,969
Impairment charge
-
104,142
Restricted cash write off
55,567
-
Changes to working capital
(1,197,248)
(1,362,506)
Decrease in trade and other receivables
(15,227)
307,881
Increase in trade and other payables
596,301
239,956
581,074
547,837
Net Cash used in operating activities
(616,174)
(814,669)
Cash Flows from investing activities
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
-
(104,142)
Loss of inaccessible subsidiary bank balance
(55,567)
Net Cash generated from / (used in) investing activities
(55,567)
(104,142)
Cash Flows from financing activities
Proceeds from convertible loan notes
671,750
-
Transaction costs on issue of convertible loan notes
(13,432)
-
Proceeds from issues of ordinary shares
-
1,003,480
Transaction costs on issue of ordinary shares
-
(36,694)
Proceeds from borrowings
-
50,000
Repayment of borrowings
(47,996)
(2,004)
Net Cash generated from financing activities
610,322
1,014,782
Net (Decrease)/Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents
(61,419)
95,971
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period
101,852
6,266
Effect of exchange rates on cash balance
-
(385)
Cash and Cash Equivalents at the End of the Period
40,433
101,852
Major non-cash transactions
During the period, the Company wrote off the full bank balance of $55,567 held by its subsidiary, Nobel
Petroleum LLC, as the current directors were unable to access the account. Access remained under the
authority of former directors, who did not provide the necessary access to the Company.
The notes on pages 44 to 66 form part of these financial statements.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
COMPANY STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
43
Period end
31 March
2026
Period
end 31
March
2025
$
$
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Loss for the year
(1,035,689)
(979,040)
Release of PAYE creditor balance
(172,127)
-
Finance costs
65,484
38,343
Impairment of intercompany loan balance
73,760
-
Unrealised foreign exchange
(37,614)
(53,467)
(1,106,186)
(994,164)
Changes to working capital
Increase in trade and other receivables
(24,804)
(84,084)
Increase in trade and other payables
477,282
146,543
452,478
62,459
Net cash used in Operating Activities
(653,708)
(931,705)
Net Cash generated used in Investing Activities
-
-
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Proceeds from issue of ordinary shares
-
1,003,480
Transaction costs on issue of ordinary shares
-
(36,694)
Proceeds from convertible loan notes
671,750
-
Transaction costs on issue of convertible loan notes
(13,432)
Net Cash generated from Financing Activities
658,318
966,786
Net movement in Cash and Cash Equivalents
4,610
35,081
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the
year
35,122
41
Effect of exchange rates on cash balances
701
-
Cash and Cash Equivalents at the end of the
year
40,433
35,122
The notes on pages 44 to 66 form part of these financial statements.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
44
1. CORPORATE INFORMATION
Pennpetro Energy Plc (the “Company”) is a public limited company which is listed on the London Stock
Exchange in the Equity Shares (Transition) category of the Official List and incorporated and domiciled
in England and Wales. Its registered office address is Eastcastle House, 27-28 Eastcastle Street,
London, United Kingdom, W1W 8DH.
The consolidated financial statements of the Company consist of the following companies (together the
“Group”):
Pennpetro Energy plc
UK registered company
Pennpetro Greentec Limited
Cyprus registered company
Pennpetro Greentec UK Limited
UK registered company
During the year, the Group was an oil and gas developer with assets in Texas, United States. Prior to 30
March 2026, the Company’s US-based subsidiaries owned a portfolio of leasehold petroleum mineral
interests centred on the City of Gonzales, in southeast Texas, comprising the undeveloped central portion
of the Gonzales Oil Field.
On 30 March 2026, the Company signed a loan release agreement with Petroquest Energy Limited
(“Petroquest”). The terms of the agreement (as amended on June 3 with effect from 30 March 2026) was
that the Group would be discharged from all liabilities under the loan held with Petroquest. In exchange,
the Company disposed of its entire equity holding in Pennpetro USA Corp and its 100% owned indirect
subsidiaries (Nobel Petroleum USA Inc. and Nobel Petroleum LLC). As a result, these entities are no
longer consolidated in the Group financial statements.
2. MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICY INFORMATION
The material accounting policies applied in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements
are set out below.
These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.
2.1. Basis of preparation
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the UK- adopted
International Accounting Standards (“UK-IAS” or “IFRS”) and in conformity with the requirements of the
Companies Act 2006 and in accordance with Listing Rules.
The consolidated and company financial statements have also been prepared under the historical cost
convention.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain critical
accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise its judgement in the process of applying
the Group’s accounting policies. The areas involving a higher degree of judgement or complexity, or
areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the consolidated financial statements are
disclosed in note 4.
2.2. Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements consolidate the financial statements of the Company and its
subsidiaries made up to 31 March 2026. Subsidiaries are entities over which the Group has control.
Control is achieved when the Group is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement
with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee.
Generally, there is a presumption that a majority of voting rights result in control. To support this
presumption and when the Group has less than a majority of the voting or similar rights of an investee,
the Group considers all relevant facts and circumstances in assessing whether it has power over an
investee, including:
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
45
● The contractual arrangement with the other vote holders of the investee;
● Rights arising from other contractual arrangements; and
● The Group’s voting rights and potential voting rights
The Group re-assesses whether or not it controls an investee if facts and circumstances indicate that ther e
are changes to one or more of the three elements of control. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from th e
date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are deconsolidated from the date that contro l
ceases. Assets, liabilities, income and expenses of a subsidiary acquired or disposed of during the perio d
are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date the Group gains control until the dat e
the Group ceases to control the subsidiary.
Where necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring the accountin g
policies used in line with those used by other members of the Group.
All intragroup assets and liabilities, equity, income, expenses and cash flows relating to transaction s
between members of the Group are eliminated in full on consolidation.
2.3 Going concern
The Directors have assessed the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least
12 months from the date of approval of these financial statements. This assessment takes into account
the Group’s current financial position, expected operating costs, planned activities, and availability of
funding.
Since October 2025, the Company has engaged with a number of institutional investors in connection
with the proposed return of its shares to trading on the London Stock Exchange and the planned
acquisition of interests in the Limnytskyi licence in Ukraine. Feedback to date has been positive, and the
directors believe that sufficient funding can be raised to meet the Group’s immediate operational and
working capital requirements following the resumption of trading. In addition, the Company had access
to funding through a convertible loan note (“CLN”) arrangement with RMD Group. In September 2025,
the Company received £250,000 under this facility, which is subject to an agreed use of funds. Further
funding of £250,000 and £325,000 from RMD Group was announced in January and April 2026
respectively.
RMD Group has also agreed to advance funds directly to suppliers and contractors in Ukraine to progress
activities relating to the Limnytskyi licence. These costs will not impact the Group’s short-term cash flows.
Upon completion of the ongoing restructuring and should the Limnytskyi licence form part of the
continuing Group, the related assets and activities will be transferred to the Company, together with the
associated funding obligations.
Following the disposal of the US Legacy Subsidiaries (including removal of the $5m Petroquest loan note
from the balance sheet via the 30 March 2026 Loan Release Deed and subsequent full exit), the
settlement of the majority of remaining creditors, and the availability of committed and potential funding
to meet near-term obligations, the Directors consider it appropriate to prepare the financial statements
on a going concern basis.
The Directors have reviewed detailed cash-flow forecasts covering the going-concern period. These
forecasts indicate that, based on the Group’s current cash resources and the committed funding already
received, the Group will require additional external financial support within the 12-month review period in
order to meet its operating costs, working-capital requirements and the costs associated with the
restoration of trading and the proposed reverse takeovers. The timing and quantum of that additional
support remain uncertain and are dependent on the successful restoration of trading in the Company’s
shares and the ability to raise further equity or debt funding from existing or new investors (including
further support from RMD Group). Whilst the Directors are confident that such funding can be obtained,
the need for additional external finance whose timing and amount are not yet committed constitutes a
material uncertainty that may cast significant doubt on the Group’s and the Company’s ability to continue
as a going concern. The financial statements do not include the adjustments that would result if the Group
and Company were unable to continue as a going concern.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
46
2.4 New standards, amendments and interpretations adopted by the Group and Company
The adoption of the following mentioned amendment, which was effective for years beginning on or after
1 January 2025, have not had a material impact on the Group’s and Company’s financial statements:
Standard  
Impact on initial application
Effective date
IAS 21 (Amendments)
Lack of Exchangeability
1 January 2025
New standards, interpretations and amendments not yet effective
There are a number of standards, amendments to standards and interpretations which have been issued
by the IASB that are effective in future accounting periods. The following new IFRS standards and
amendments, which have not been applied in these financial statements, were in issue but not yet
effective until annual periods beginning on 1 January 2026 and 2027:
Standard  
Impact on initial application
Effective date
IFRS 9 (Amendments)
Classification and Measurement of Financial Instruments
1 January 2026
IFRS 18
Presentation and Disclosure in Financial Statements
1 January 2027
IFRS 19
Subsidiaries without Public Accountability: Disclosures
1 January 2027
The Group is current assessing the impact of these new accounting standards and amendments but do
not expect any to have a material impact on the consolidated and Company financial statements.
2.5 Investment in subsidiaries
In the Company financial statements, investments in the Company’s subsidiaries are stated at cost, which
is the fair value of the consideration paid, less any impairment provision. The investment in subsidiaries
balance on the Company’s statement of financial position also includes the carrying value of long-term
intercompany loans.
2.6 Revenue
Revenue is recognised in accordance with IFRS 15. The Group had no revenue in the current period.
When revenue arises, it is derived from the sale of physical goods where the single performance
obligation is satisfied at the point of delivery. The transaction price in the invoiced amount (net of local
taxes where applicable), with no material variable consideration, returns, warranties or significant
financing component. Payment terms are typically 30 days.
For all sales of goods, revenue is recognised at a point in time, being the point at which the goods are
delivered to the customer.
2.7 Foreign currencies
The functional currency for each entity in the Group is the currency of the primary economic environment
in which the entity operates. The consolidated and company financial statements are presented in USD
($), which is the Group’s and Company’s presentational currency.
The functional currency of the Company is GBP.
Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency of each entity are recorded at the exchange
rate on the date the transaction occurred. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the
settlement of such transactions, and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated
in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates, are recognised in profit or loss.
On consolidation, the results of each entity in the Group with a non-USD functional currency are
translated into USD at rates approximating to those ruling when the transactions took place. All assets
and liabilities of these entities are translated at the rate ruling at the reporting date. The resulting
exchange differences are recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in the foreign
exchange reserve.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
47
2.8 Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment. The
Group had no property, plant and equipment in the current or prior period. When present, capitalised
costs for producing properties (post-exploration success and sanction) are depreciated on a unit-of-
production basis over proven and probable reserves (including future development costs).
2.9 Intangible Assets
Exploration and evaluation assets
The Group applies the successful efforts method of accounting for oil and gas exploration and evaluation
assets in accordance with IFRS 6 Exploration for and Evaluation of Mineral Resources.
Costs incurred prior to obtaining the legal rights to explore an area are expensed immediately to the
Statement of Comprehensive Income.
Exploration and evaluation expenditure (including drilling costs) is capitalised on a well-by-well basis as
an intangible asset only while the Group Is determining whether a well has discovered commercially
viable reserves. Drilling costs are written off on completion of a well unless the results indicate that
hydrocarbon reserves exist and there is a reasonable prospect that they are commercially viable.
Capitalised exploration and evaluation assets are reviewed at least annually for indicators that the Group
no longer intends to develop or extract value from the discovery. Where this is the case, the assets are
immediately expensed to the Statement of Comprehensive Income.
Once technical feasibility and commercial viability of extracting the reserves are demonstrable, the
relevant exploration and evaluation assets are reclassified as development assets (still within intangible
assets) and are subsequently tested for impairment under IAS 36.
Development costs
Expenditure on the drilling of development wells (including services) is capitalised as an intangible asset.
When a well has formally commenced commercial production, the related costs are transferred to
property, plant and equipment and depreciated from the commencement of production in accordance
with the Group’s accounting policy for property, plant and equipment.
Petroleum mineral leases
Costs of acquiring petroleum mineral leases are capitalised as intangible assets and are reviewed for
impairment on an annual basis or when there are indicators that the carrying amount may not be
recoverable.
2.10 Impairment of Non-Financial Assets
Assets not ready for use are not subject to amortisation and are tested annually for impairment. Assets
that are subject to amortisation or depreciation are reviewed for impairment at each reporting date. An
impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its
recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs to sell and
value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which
there are separately identifiable cash flows (cash- generating units). Non-financial assets other than
goodwill that suffered impairment are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at each reporting
date.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
48
2.11 Financial Instruments
Financial Assets
Classification
Financial assets are recognised when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the
instrument. At initial recognition, the Group measures its financial assets at fair value plus transaction
costs which comprise ‘trade and other receivables’ and ‘cash and cash equivalents’.
A financial asset shall be measured at amortised cost if both of the following conditions are met:
• the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in
order to collect contractual cash flows; and
• the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are
solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
Recognition and measurement
At initial recognition, an entity shall measure a financial asset at its fair value plus transaction costs that
are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of the financial asset.
At initial recognition, an entity shall measure trade receivables at their transaction price if the trade
receivables do not contain a significant financing component.
Derecognition
The Group derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset
expire, or it transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows on the financial asset in a transaction
in which substantially all the risks and rewards of the ownership of the financial asset are transferred.
Any interest in transferred financial assets that is created or retained by the Group is recognised as a
separate asset or liability.
Derecognition also takes place for certain assets when the Group writes-off balances pertaining to the
assets deemed to be uncollectible.
Impairment of financial assets
The Group recognises expected credit losses on financial assets measured at amortised cost. The
impairment model applies a forward-looking expected credit loss approach. For trade receivables, the
Group applies the simplified approach permitted by IFRS 9 and measures loss allowances at an amount
equal to lifetime expected credit losses.
When determining whether the credit risk of a financial asset has increased significantly since initial
recognition and when estimating expected credit loss, the Group considers reasonable and supportable
information that is relevant and available with undue cost and effort. This includes both quantitative and
qualitative information and analysis, based on the Company’s historical experience and informed credit
assessment and including forward-looking information.
Financial liabilities
Classification
The classification of financial liabilities at initial recognition depends on the purpose for which the financial
liability was issued and its characteristics. All purchases of financial liabilities are recorded on trade date,
being the date on which the Group becomes party to the contractual requirements of the financial liability.
Unless otherwise indicated the carrying amounts of the Group’s financial liabilities approximate to their fair
values.
The Group’s financial liabilities consist of financial liabilities measured at amortised cost and financial
liabilities at fair value through profit or loss.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
49
Financial liabilities measured subsequently at amortised cost
Financial liabilities that are not (i) contingent consideration of an acquirer in a business combination, (ii)
held for trading, or (iii) designated as at FVTPL, are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the
effective interest method. The Group’s financial liabilities measured at amortised cost comprise convertible
loan notes, trade and other payables, and accruals.
The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial asset/liability and
of allocating interest income/expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that
discounts estimated future cash receipts/payments through the expected life of the financial asset/liability
or, where appropriate, a shorter period.
Derecognition of financial liabilities
A financial liability (in whole or in part) is derecognised when the Group has extinguished its contractual
obligations, it expires or is cancelled. Any gain or loss on derecognition is taken to the income statement.
2.12 Finance income and expense
Finance income
Finance income includes interest income.
Finance expense
Finance expenses include interest expense on borrowings and other financing arrangements, in addition
to the unwinding of discounts on provisions and other financial liabilities measured at amortised cost
where applicable. Finance expenses are recognised in the statement of profit and loss using the effective
interest method in the period in which they are incurred.
2.13 Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand.
2.14 Borrowings
Borrowings are recognised initially at fair value minus transaction costs that are directly attributable to
the issue of the financial liability. Borrowings are subsequently carried at amortised cost; any difference
between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption value is recognised in the Income
Statement over the period of the borrowings, using the effective interest method.
Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Group has an unconditional right to defer
settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the end of the reporting period.
2.15 Equity
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of a Company after
deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued are recorded at the proceeds received net of direct
issue costs.
Proceeds received from investors Iin respect of shares for which the Company has an unconditional
obligation to issue equity instruments directly in equity when received.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
50
2.16 Reserves
Share capital
Amount subscribed for share capital at nominal value
Share premium
Amount subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value
Reorganisation reserve
Reserve
created
on
issue
of
shares
on
acquisition
of
subsidiaries
Convertible loan note reserve
Represents the equity of instruments with a convertible element
Foreign exchange reserve
Cumulative translation differences
Retained losses
Cumulative
net
and
gains
in
losses
recognised
the
consolidated statement of comprehensive income
2.17 Taxation
Income tax represents the sum of the current tax and deferred tax charge for the year.
Current tax
Current tax payable is based on the taxable profit for the year calculated using tax rate that have been
enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. None of the entities in the Group
generate taxable profits.
Deferred tax
Deferred tax is recognised on difference between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities in the
financial statements and the corresponding tax bases and is accounted for using the balance sheet
liability method.
Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted and are
expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled, or the asset realised. Deferred tax is charged
or credited to the statement of comprehensive income, except when it relates to items charged or credited
directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity.
Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extend that it is probable that taxable profits will be available
against which deductible temporary differences can be utilised.
Judgement is applied in making assumptions about future taxable income, including production, costs
and expenditure to determine the extend to which the Group recognises deferred tax assets, as well as
the anticipated timing of the utilisation of the losses.
2.18 Segment Information
The Group operates in a single segment (oil and gas exploration and development). Operating segments
are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision-
maker (the Board of Directors), who is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance.
3. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT
The Group’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including commodity and
currency risk, and cash flow and interest rate risk), credit risk and liquidity risk.
Market risk
The Group’s strategy is focused on developing strategic oil and gas projects. Following the disposal of
Pennpetro USA Corp and its related subsidiaries, the Group had no producing assets at 31 March 2026.
It remains exposed to risk arising from variations in the demand for and price of the hydrocarbons in
relation to any future production or development activities. Oil and gas prices historically have fluctuated
widely and are affected by numerous factors over which the Group has no control, including world
production levels, international economic trends, exchange rate fluctuations, speculative activity and
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
51
global or regional political events.
Commodity and currency risk
As the Group’s potential future earnings will be derived from the sale of oil and gas cash flows would be
impacted by changes in the prices and available markets for these commodities. Any substantial decline
in the price of oil or gas, or in transport or distribution costs may have a material adverse effect on the
Group. Commodity prices fluctuate and are affected by a number of factors including current and
expected future supply and demand, production cost levels in major oil producing centres, as well as
macroeconomic conditions such as inflation and interest rates.
Furthermore, capital raises of the Company are denominated in GBPs whereas the Group’s a
presentation currency is in USD and any future assets or liabilities may be help in other currencies.
Consequently, material changes in the GBP/USD (or other relevant) exchange rate may impact the
Group’s ability to raise sufficient funds or the reported value of its assets and liabilities. Exchange rates
are impacted by numerous factors beyond the control of the Group, including inflation, interest rates, and
general economic outlook.
The Directors are confident that they have put in place a strong management team capable of dealing
with the above issues as they arise.
Credit risk
The Group’s principal financial assets are cash and cash equivalents and other receivables
Credit risk represents the risk of loss the Group would incur if third party counterparties fail to fulfil their
credit obligations. Following the disposal of Pennpetro USA Corp and the related subsidiaries, the Group
has limited exposure to third-party operators. The Group seeks to mitigate this risk where possible by
assessing the credit quality of the participants and by establishing ongoing and long-term relationships.
The initial credit risk on cash and cash equivalents is limited because it is the Group’s policy to invest
with banks that firstly offer the greatest degree of security in the view of the Group and, secondly the
most competitive interest rates. The credit risk for short term investments and cash and cash equivalents
is considered negligible since the counterparties are reputable banks.
Other receivables are limited and are consideration low risk. Other receivables are considered in default
if the entity or party has not settled its payment obligation by the due date set out in the underlying
contracts and agreements.
A loss allowance is recognised for expected credit losses on all financial assets held at the balance sheet
date. Given risk mitigation steps undertaken by the Directors, no provision has been made for losses.
Liquidity risk
The Group’s policy is to ensure that it will always have sufficient cash to allow it to meet its liabilities when
they become due. However, the Group continues to absorb cash in its operations for the time being and
management recognises the risk of insufficient cash and capital to carry on its activities and safeguard
the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern.
The Board receives cash flow projections on a regular basis, which are monitored regularly. The Board
will not commit to material expenditure prior to being satisfied that sufficient funding is available to the
Group to finance planned operations. Regular reviews will ensure that further steps will be taken if
necessary.
The Group issued two convertible loans which expose the Group to liquidity risk in respect of potential
cash outflows for interest and principal if not converted into equity. The Group manages this through
ongoing assessment of funding requirements and conversion prospects.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
52
A maturity analysis of the Group’s undiscounted cash flows arising from financial liabilities (exclusive of
interest amounts) is show below:
Less than 1 year
Between 1 and 5
Total
($)
years ($)
($)
At 31 March 2026
Trade and other payables
2,282,392
-
2,282,392
Convertible loan notes
-
737,623
737,623
Total
2,282,392
737,623
3,020,015
Less than 1 year
Between 1 and 5
Total
($)
years ($)
($)
At 31 March 2025
Borrowings
4,717,031
-
4,717,031
Trade and other payables
2,403,955
-
2,403,955
Total
7,120,986
-
7,120,986
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
53
4. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS
In the application of the accounting policies, which are described in note 2, the Directors are required to
make judgements, estimates and assumptions which affect reported income, expenses, assets, liabilities
and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The estimates and associated assumption are based
on historical experience, expectations of future events and other factors that are believed to be
reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results in the future could differ from such estimates. The
estimates and underlying assumptions are review on an on-going basis. Revisions to accounting
estimates are recognised in the period in which the revision is made.
Critical judgements in applying the Group’s accounting policies
Convertible loan notes – determination of effective interest rate
The Group has issued a convertible loan note which carry a contractual interest rate of 12% per annum.
The rate reduces to 6% per annum once the Company obtains sufficient shareholder authority (including
the disapplication of pre-emption rights) to issue the ordinary shares required on conversion.
In determining the effective interest rate and the carrying amount of the liability component, management
was required to estimate the expected future cash flows, including the period over which the higher
interest rate would apply.
Management judged that it was appropriate to assume the 12% interest rate would apply for the entire
expected life of the instrument. This judgement was based on the fact that, at the date of initial
recognition and throughout the reporting period, the Company’s shares remained suspended from
trading on the London Stock Exchange and there was no reasonable expectation that the necessary
shareholder resolutions would be obtained in the near term.
Write-off of balances relating to US subsidiaries
Immediately prior to the deconsolidation of the Pennpetro USA Corp., the Directors were unable to
obtain access to the subsidiaries’ books and records. Certain US bank balances could not be verified
and were written off in full. The resulting loss has been recognised within discontinued operations.
Recoverability of non-producing mineral leases and capitalised drilling costs & equipment
Management tests annually whether non-producing mineral leases have future economic value in
accordance with the accounting policies. This assessment takes into consideration the likely
commerciality of the asset, the future revenues and costs pertaining and the discount rates to be applied
for the purposes of deriving a recoverable value. In the event that a lease does not represent an economic
drilling target and results indicate that there is no additional upside, the mineral lease and drilling costs
will be impaired.
The Directors have reviewed the estimated value of the licences and have concluded that no adjustment
to the previously impaired assets should be made. The primary terms of the leases have expired but did
not require renewal whilst there was production from the permitted area. Production over the permitted
area stopped in April 2024 and has not yet recommenced.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
54
5. REVENUE
The CODM has determined that there is one operating segment being the provision of the sale of oil and
gas.
Year ended
Year ended
31 March 2026
31 March 2025
$
$
Oil and Gas
-
-
Total revenue
-
-
The comparative revenue of $30,067 for the year ended 31 March 2025 related wholly to Pennpetro
USA Corp. Following the 51% disposal and loss of control of Pennpetro USA Corp during the current
year, this revenye has been reclassified and presented within discontinued operations.
6. OPERATING LOSS
Operating loss for the year has been arrived at after charging the following items:
Year ended
Year ended
Group
31 March
31 March
2026
2025
$
$
Legal, professional and compliance costs
760,916
459,499
Wages and salaries
262,815
435,627
7. AUDITORS’ REMUNERATION
Services provided by the Company’s auditor and its associates
During the period, the Group (including its overseas subsidiaries) obtained the following services from
the Company’s auditor:
Year ended
Year ended
31 March
31 March
2026
2025
$
$
The audit of the Parent Company and consolidated financial
statements
84,433
76,536
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
55
8. STAFF COSTS
Group and Company
2026
$
2025
$
Wages and salaries
-
114,273
Director fees
457,783
303,666
Social security costs
(179,458)
14,260
Pension contributions
-
3,428
278,325
435,627
During the period the Company wrote off social security costs totalling $179,458 which had been
accrued in a prior period that was no longer payable.
Directors’ Emoluments
2026
$
2025
$
Richard Spinks
Emoluments
20,103
-
Mavriky Kalugin
Emoluments
20,103
-
Olof Rapp
Emoluments
80,413
57,402
Thomas Evans
Emoluments
-
123,840
David Lenigas
Emoluments
-
84,263
Stephen Lunn
Emoluments
160,827
89,292
Robert Menzel
Emoluments
160,827
63,142
442,273
417,939
The average monthly number of staff, including the Directors, during the financial year was as follows:
2026
2025
Directors
4
3
9. FINANCE COSTS – continued operations
2026
2025
$
$
Interest on borrowings
147,014
357,969
Interest on convertible loan note
65,484
-
212,498
357,969
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
56
10. INCOME TAX
The tax charge for the year is $Nil (2025: $Nil). Factors affecting the tax charge for the period are
explained below:
2026
2025
$
$
Profit/(loss) for the year before taxation
4,076,123
(1,717,113)
UK Profit/(loss) before tax multiplied by the UK
tax rate 25% (2025: 25%)
1,019,031
(429,278)
Tax effect of:
Gain on disposal
(1,340,484)
-
Expenses and losses within discontinued operations for
which no UK tax benefit is recognised
(33,691)
-
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes
-
117,253
Difference in overseas tax rate
-
(2,295)
Movement in deferred tax not recognised
355,144
314,320
-
-
The tax charge for the year has been estimated based on the information currently available, including
the expected tax treatment of the disposal of the subsidiaries, the release of the third-party loan and the
availability of brought-forward tax losses. The final tax position may differ following completion of the
detailed corporation tax computations, receipt of professional tax advice and agreement with the relevant
tax authorities.
The Group has UK tax losses of approximately $4,857,735 (2025: $3,709,687) to carry forward against
future profits. The Directors have not recognised a deferred tax asset on the losses to date due to the
uncertainty of recovery.
11. EARNINGS/LOSS PER SHARE
Continued Operations
The calculation of basic and diluted loss per share from continuing activities of 1.02 cents (31 March
2025: loss per share of 1.20 cents) is based on the loss attributable to equity holders of the parent from,
continuing operations of $1,148,048 (31 March 2025: Loss $1,299,193) and the weighted average
number of ordinary shares of 112,299,089 (31 March 2025: 107,863,473) in issue during the year.
Discontinued Operations
The calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share from discontinued operations of 4.26 cents (31
March 2025: 0.39 cents) is based on the profit attributable to equity holders of the parent from
discontinued operations of $5,224,171 (31 March 2025: $417,920) and on the weighted average number
of ordinary shares of 122,617,476 (31 March 2025: 107,863,473) in issue during the year.
Total Operations
The calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the year of 3.24 pence (31 March 2025: loss
per share of 1.59 pence) is based on the profit attributable to equity holders of the parent of $4,076,123
(31 March 2025: loss of $1,717,113) and the weighted average number of ordinary shares of
112,299,089 (31 March 2025: 107,863,473) in issue during the year.
The Group has potential ordinary shares arising from outstanding share options and the conversion
features of its convertible loan notes. In accordance with IAS 33, these potential ordinary shares have
not been included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the Group incurred a loss
from continuing operations and their inclusion would therefore be anti-dilutive. Consequently, basic and
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
57
diluted earnings per share are identical for continuing operations, discontinued operations and total
operations.
In accordance with IAS 33, basic and diluted loss per share are identical for the Group as the effect of
the exercise of share options would be to decrease the loss per share.
12. INVESTMENTS - COMPANY
Company
2026
2025
$
$
Cost
At 1 April
-
-
At 31 March
-
-
The subsidiary undertakings of the Company are presented below:
Subsidiary
Country of
Registered address
Proportion of
Principal
incorporation
ordinary shares
activity
held at year end
Pennpetro
U.K
20b Wilton Row London
100%
Dormant
Greentec UK
SW1X 7NS, UK
Limited
Pennpetro
Cyprus
1 Kalymnou, Q
100%
IP Holding
Greentec Limited
MERITO, 4th Floor,
(Inactive)
Agios Nikolaos, 6037
Larnaca
Investments in Group undertakings are stated at cost, which is the fair value of the consideration paid,
less any impairment provision.
On 30 March 2026, the Company disposed of Pennpetro USA Corp and its subsidiaries, Nobel Petroleum
Inc. and Nobel Petroleum LLC as part of the agreement with Petroquest. See note 25 for more details.
13. TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES
Group
Company
31 March
31 March
31 March
31 March
2026
2025
2026
2025
$
$
$
$
Amounts owed from Group
-
-
-
98,325
undertakings
Prepayments
1,251
-
13,976
-
Other receivables
13,976
-
1,251
-
15,227
-
15,227
98,325
The fair value of all receivables is the same as their carrying values stated above.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
58
Group
The carrying amounts of the Group’s trade and other receivables were all denominated in GBP.
The maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting date is the carrying value of the trade and other
receivables mentioned above. The Group does not hold any collateral as security.
Company
The carrying amounts of the Company’s trade and other receivables are denominated in UK Pound
Sterling.
14. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Group
Company
2026
2025
2026
2025
$
$
$
$
Cash at bank
40,433
101,852
40,433
35,122
At 31 March 2026, the Group held cash of $40,433 (2025: $101,852) in banks with a Fitch credit rating of
A (Stable).
During the year, the directors made the decision to impair the bank balances in its US subsidiaries due to
the inability to gain access to the bank account. The total of the bank balances impaired was $55,567.
15. SHARE CAPITAL AND PREMIUM
Number of
Share capital
Share capital
Issued at 1 pence per share
ordinary shares
£
$
At 1 April 2025
112,299,089
1,122,991
1,431,895
As at 31 March 2026
112,299,089
1,122,991
1,431,895
Number of
Share premium
Share premium
Issued at 1 pence per share
ordinary shares
£
$
At 1 April 2025
112,299,089
7,310,447
9,255,778
As at 31 March 2026
112,299,089
7,310,447
9,255,778
Rights, preferences and restrictions
All ordinary shares are equally eligible to receive dividends and the repayment of capital and represent
equal votes at meetings of shareholders. There are no rights of redemption attached to the ordinary shares.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
59
16. BORROWINGS
Group
Company
2026
2025
2026
2025
$
$
$
$
Current liabilities
Corporate borrowings
-
4,717,031
-
-
At 31 March 2025 the Group had a loan note outstanding with Petroquest Energy Limited with a carrying
amount of approximately $4.8 million.
During the year, interest was accrued of $467,169.
On 30 March 2026, the Company signed a Loan Release Deed with Petroquest Energy Limited. Under
the terms of the agreement, the Group and its US subsidiaries were discharged from all liabilities under
the Petroquest loan note. In exchange, Petroquest acquired 100% equity interest in Pennpetro USA Corp
(and thereby control of its subsidiaries). As a result, the liability was written off in full, and the US
subsidiaries were deconsolidated from that date. See note 27 for more details.
In addition, the Group had a $50,000 loan note with Frost Bank, in which $47,996 was still outstanding
as at 1 April 2025, which was settled in full on 30 June 2025. Upon settlement, the related security was
released.
17. CHANGES IN LIABILITIES ARISING FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
At 1
April
Financing
Reclassificati
Repayment
Other-non
Interest
At 31
2025
cash flows
on from
cash
March
liabilities
changes
2026
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
Borrowings – Petroquest
4,669,035
-
-
-
(4,816,049)
147,014
-
Borrowings – Frost Bank
47,996
-
-
(47,996)
-
CLN 1
-
330,012
(157,710)
-
9,488
-
181,790
CLN 2
-
335,052
(70,935)
-
9,790
-
273,907
Total
liabilities
from
4,717,031
665,064
(228,645)
(47,996)
-
147,014
455,697
financing
18. CONVERTIBLE LOAN NOTES
CLN 1 – RMD Group
On 24 September 2025 the Company issued £250,000 principal amount of CLNs. The notes carry a
fixed interest rate of 6% per annum (payable in arrears) and mature on 25 September 2030. The
noteholder has the option to convert the outstanding principal and accrued unpaid interest (minimum
£1,000) into fully paid ordinary shares at a fixed conversion price of £0.04 per share. Transaction costs
of £5,000 were incurred in respect of the instrument and have been apportioned between the liability and
equity components on initial recognition of the instrument.
CLN 2 – RMD Group
On 24 February 2026 the Company issued a further £250,000 principal amount of CLNs. The notes carry
interest initially at 12% per annum (stepping down to 6% per annum once the “headroom” condition
regarding shareholder authority/share issuance capacity is satisfied) and mature on 24 February 2031.
Conversion terms are otherwise identical to CLN1. Transaction costs of £5,000 were incurred in respect
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
60
of the instrument have been apportioned between the liability and equity components on initial
recognition of the instrument. An arrangement fee of £12,500 is payable at maturity.
19. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES
Group
Company
31 March
31 March
31 March
31 March
2026
2025
2026
2025
$
$
$
$
Trade and other payables
1,063,302
1,656,641
1,063,302
1,197,848
Amounts owed to group undertakings
-
-
-
34,143
Facility provision
427,157
387,106
427,157
387,106
Accrued expenses
791,933
360,208
791,933
360,208
2,282,392
2,403,955
2,282,392
1,979,305
The facility provision relates wholly to a balance owed to a creditor with a historic share subscription facility
that the Company drew down on for operations. This balance is due within one year of 31 March 2026.
The fair values of trade payables are the same as their book values.
Group
The carrying amounts of the Group’s trade and other payables are denominated in the following
currencies:
2026
$
2025
$
UK Pound Sterling
2,282,392
1,979,307
US Dollar
-
424,648
2,282,392
2,403,955
The impact of a 10% favourable movement in the US Dollar to UK Pound would increase the carrying
value of trade and other payables denominated in UK Pounds by approximately
$228,239 (2025: $197,931). The impact of a 10% adverse movement in the US Dollar to UK Pound would
reduce the carrying value of trade and other payables denominated in UK Pounds by approximately
$228,329 (2025: $197,931).
CLN 1
CLN 2
31 March
2026
$
$
$
At inception
167,754
249,413
417,167
Interest expense
15,851
18,925
34,776
Foreign exchange difference
(1,815)
5,569
3,754
Total
181,790
273,907
455,697
Equity
At inception
157,710
70,935
228,645
Total
157,710
70,935
228,645
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Annual Report & Financial Statements for
the year ended 31 March 2026
61
20. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS BY CATEGORY
21. CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
The Company is a defendant in ongoing litigation relating to its historic share register. The claimant has
sought to add the Company as an additional defendant to proceedings originally brought against other
parties. The Company has applied to the court to strike out the claim.
Based on the information presently available, the Board considers that the claim against the Company
has no real prospect of success and that an outflow of economic benefits is not probable. Therefore, no
provision has been recognised in these financial statements. The outcome and timing of the proceedings
remain uncertain and it is not currently practicable to estimate reliably any potential financial effect.
In the usual course of business, the Group may also receive claims from customers, suppliers and other
parties. The outcomes of such matters are inherently uncertain and their ultimate resolution may differ
from management’s assessments. Based on information presently available, no other individual matter is
expected to have a material adverse effect on the Group’s financial position.
22. TREASURY POLICY
The Company and Group operate informal treasury policies which include ongoing assessments of
interest rate management and borrowing policy. The Board approves all decisions on treasury policy.
The Group has financed its activities by raising funds through borrowings set out in note 19 and the CLNs
detailed in note 20 above. There are no material differences between the book value and fair value of
the financial assets.
Group
Company
31 March
31 March
31 March
31 March
2026
2025
2026
2025
Financial assets
$
$
$
$
Cash and cash equivalents
40,433
101,852
40,433
35,122
Trade and other receivables
1,251
-
1,251
98,325
41,684
101,852
41,684
133,447
Group
Company
31 March
31 March
31 March
31 March
2026
2025
2026
2025
Financial liabilities
$
$
$
$
Trade and other payables
2,282,392
2,403,955
2,282,392
1,979,305
Convertible loan notes
419,970
-
419,970
-
Borrowings
-
4,717,031
-
-
2,702,362
7,120,986
2,702,362
1,979,305
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
For the year ended 31 March 2026
62
23. CAPITAL MANAGEMENT POLICIES
The Group’s and Company’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Group’s ability to
continue as a going concern, to provide returns for shareholders, and to maintain an optimal capital
structure to reduce the cost of capital.
The Group considers its equity and convertible loan notes as its capital. The Group manages its capital
structure and makes adjustments to it in the light of changes in economic conditions, the risk
characteristics of the underlying assets, and the requirements of any borrowing covenants.
In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may issue new shares, draw down on
existing or new convertible loan facilities, or dispose of assets. The Group monitors capital on the basis
of the gearing ratio (net debt divided by total capital) and the level of available liquidity.
The Group’s capital management objectives are:
• to ensure the Group’s and Company’s ability to continue as a going concern;
• to comply with borrowing covenants (where applicable); and
• to provide an adequate return to shareholders.
The Directors regularly review the Group’s capital structure in the context of its ongoing funding
requirements, the restoration of trading on the London Stock Exchange, and its strategy to acquire new
oil and gas assets.
24. CAPITAL COMMITMENTS
As at 31 March 2026, the Group had no capital commitment for drilling and equipment costs contracted
but not provided for (2025: $Nil). The Group had no other capital commitments.
25. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
During the year, on 30 March 2026, the Group disposed of a 51% interest in its US subsidiary, Pennpetro
USA Corp and its subsidiaries Nobel Petroleum USA Inc. and Nobel Petroleum LLC (together “PPP USA”).
PPP USA constituted a separate major line of business and geographical area of operation focused on oil
and gas activities in the United States. The transfer resulted in the Group losing control of PPP USA on
30 March 2026. Pennpetro USA Corp constituted a separate major line of business and geographical area
of operation focused on oil and gas activities in the United States. The disposal was completed through
the transfer of 51% of the issued stock in Pennpetro USA Corp to Petroquest.
In connection with the disposal, the outstanding loan note and accrued interest, $4.8 million at the date of
disposal, previously advanced by Petroquest to the Group, of which $4.5m was advanced to Nobel
Petroleum LLC and $0.3m was advanced to Nobel Petroleum USA Inc., was irrevocably released and
discharged in full. This debt forgiveness formed part of the consideration for the stock transfer. The write-
off of the borrowings is reflected in Note 19.
Following the loss of control, the Group retained a 49% interest in Pennpetro USA Corp. In accordance
with IFRS 10, this retained interest was recognised at fair value at the date control was lost. Management
assessed the fair value of the retained interest as $nil, based on the absence of enforceable producing
assets or leases, the lack of current production or supportable forecast cash flows, Pennpetro USA Corp’s
net liability position and the legacy legal and operational matters associated with the US Operations.
The results of PPP USA have been classified and presented as discontinued operations in the
consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for the current and comparative
periods. The financial impact of the disposal, including the gain or loss on disposal (incorporating the debt
forgiveness) and the fair value of the retained interest, are included within discontinued operations.
The analysis between continuing and discontinued operations is as follows:
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
For the year ended 31 March 2026
63
31 March 2026
Continuing
Discontinued
operations
operations
Total
$
$
$
Revenue
-
-
-
Gross profit
-
-
-
Administrative expenses
(935,570)
(79,235)
(1,014,805)
Exceptional costs
-
(55,567)
(55,567)
Operating loss
(935,570)
(134,802)
(1,070,372)
Finance costs
(212,498)
(2,963)
(215,461)
Finance income
20
-
20
Gain/(loss) on disposal of subsidiaries
-
5,361,936
5,361,936
Profit/(Loss) before taxation
(1,148,048)
5,224,171
4,076,123
Tax credit
-
-
-
Profit/(Loss) for the year
(1,148,048)
5,224,171
4,076,123
Cash outflows from operating activities
(616,174)
(66,024)
(682,198)
Cash inflows from investing activities
-
-
-
Cash inflows from financing activities
610,322
-
658,316
31 March 2025
Continuing
Discontinued
operations
operations
Total
$
$
$
Revenue
-
30,067
30,067
Cost of sales
-
-
-
Gross profit
-
30,067
30,067
Administrative expenses
(941,224)
(343,845)
(1,285,069)
Impairment of intangible assets
-
(104,142)
(104,142)
Operating loss
(941,224)
(417,920)
(1,359,144)
Finance income
-
-
-
Finance expense
(357,969)
-
(357,969)
Loss before taxation
(1,299,193)
(417,920)
(1,717,113)
Tax credit
-
-
-
Loss for the year
(1,299,193)
(417,920)
(1,717,113)
Cash outflows from operating activities
(931,705)
117,036
(814,669)
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
For the year ended 31 March 2026
64
Cash inflows from investing activities
-
(104,142)
(104,142)
Cash outflows from financing activities
966,786
47,996
1,014,782
The tables below show the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities of Pennpetro USA Corp at the date
control was lost.
The carrying amounts of assets and liabilities were:
30 March
2026
$
Trade and other creditors – Pennpetro USA Corp
1,100
Trade and other creditors – Nobel Petroleum USA Inc.
296,966
Trade and other creditors – Nobel Petroleum USA Inc.
279,759
Total liabilities derecognised
577,825
All assets within the PPP USA Group were impaired prior to 30 March 2026 so the gain on deconsolidation
equalled the carrying amount of the liabilities derecognised, together with the fair value of the retained
interest. The loan forgiveness by Petroquest constituted the consideration received in the transaction.
However, as the forgiven loan was a liability in the subsidiaries being derecognised, the net accounting
effect is a gain equal to the carrying amount of all liabilities derecognised upon loss of control, together
with the fair value of the retained 49% interest, which was assessed as $nil.
The resulting gain on deconsolidation was as follows:
30 March
2026
$
Petroquest loan note and accrued interest
4,816,048
Total liabilities derecognised
577,825
Fair value of retained 49% interest
-
Cumulative foreign currency translation loss reclassified to profit or loss
(31,937)
Gain on deconsolidation
5,361,936
26. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Transactions with Directors
There were no transactions with Directors of the Group, aside from the director fees that were paid
during the year. For key management compensation, see note 9.
Transaction with RMD Group
RMD Holdings Limited is a Canada based company of which Richard Spinks, Chairman of the Company
and Ronald Derrickson, who was appointed Non-Executive Co-Chairman after year end, are directors.
On 24 September 2025 the Company issued £250,000 principal amount of CLNs. The notes carry a
fixed interest rate of 6% per annum and mature on 25 September 2030.
On 24 February 2026 the Company issued a further £250,000 principal amount of CLNs. The notes carry
interest initially at 12% per annum (stepping down to 6% per annum once the “headroom” condition
regarding shareholder authority/share issuance capacity is satisfied) and mature on 24 February 2031.
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
For the year ended 31 March 2026
65
Further details of the CLNs are given in note 18.
RMD Group is also the vendor-side counterparty in relation to the proposed acquisition of an interest in
the Limnytska oil and gas licence. The proposed transaction had not completed and no consideration
was payable at 31 March 2026.
Company
During the year, due to the inability to rely on the financial records of Pennpetro USA Corp and its
subsidiaries, the Company impaired all outstanding intercompany balances. This resulted in the following
impairments:
Related party
Nature of balance
Amount impaired
Nobel Petroleum USA
Loan receivable
$56,129
Pennpetro USA Corp
Loan receivable
$51,774
Nobel UK LLC
Loan payable
$34,142
These impairments have been recognised in the Company’s statement of profit or loss.
There were no other material inter-company transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries
during the year.
Group
Bank balances totalling $55,567 held in Nobel Petroleum USA Inc. was written off during the year due to
the lack of reliable financial records and inability of the Directors being able to access the bank accounts.
27. ULTIMATE CONTROLLING PARTY
As at 31 March 2026, there was no ultimate controlling party.
28. EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD
On 7 April 2026, the Company resolved a historic share subscription facility liability of £427,157 by
registering 6,000,000 ordinary shares in the name of Mr Jesse White. This action fully settles the
outstanding balance that was recognised as a facility provision at 31 March 2026. The shares had
previously been held by the Company due to registration issues arising from the original transaction.
On 12 May 2026, the Company entered into a convertible loan note agreement with RMD Group, a related
party to provide the Company with £325,000 for working capital requirements.
The Company agreed in principle with RMD group to enter into a further convertible loan note agreement
of £380,000 on substantially the same terms as the agreement entered into on 12 May 2026. As at the
date of approval of these financial statements, the legal documentation remained in preparation, the
agreement had not been executed and no funds had been received.
On 10 June 2026, the Company announced that it is pursuing several oil and gas opportunities which may
result in one or more reverse takeovers. These include advanced discussions regarding the acquisition of
an interest in the Limnytska oil and gas licence in Western Ukraine. The transactions are subject to due
diligence, final contractual terms, funding arrangements, regulatory approvals including the publication of
a prospectus where required, shareholder approval and restoration of trading in the Company’s shares.
RMD Group is providing short-term debt funding to enable these projects to progress pending completion
of the formal processes. There can be no certainty that any of these opportunities will be completed. No
adjusting events occurred between the reporting date and the date of approval of these financial
statements.
Following the year end, the Company agreed a revised settlement terms with Global Emerging Markets (
“GEM”) in respect of the outstanding arrangement fee arising under a historic £20 million credit facility,
PENNPETRO ENERGY PLC
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
For the year ended 31 March 2026
66
for which GEM had previously obtained judgement against the Company. The settlement is conditional on
the Company’s shares returning to trading and is expected to be satisfied through the issue of shares to
GEM with a value of approximately £400,000, based on the share price prevailing at that time. The number
of shares to be issued cannot currently be determined. The revised arrangement also extends the
Company’s access to the GEM credit facility should it elect to use it in the future.
On 3 June 2026, the Group entered into an amendment agreement under which the remaining 49%
interest in Pennpetro USA Corp was transferred to Petroquest. As this agreement was entered into after
the reporting date, the transfer of the remaining interest has been treated as a non-adjusting event after
the reporting period.