
54ANNUAL REPORT 2022
Service - and maintenance assignments to land based – and
maritime industry
Contracts for Service - and maintenance assignments to
land based – and/or maritime industry usually have a variable
payment facility where customers can pay for the number of
hours and use of materials with a supplement. Larger projects
may be based on fixed price. The contracts normally have a
duration from a few weeks up to some months. For variable-
fee contracts, the amount that one has the right to invoice
on the balance sheet date is recognized as income. For fixed-
price contracts, a measure of progress like that for Conversion
assignments – ref above - is used.
Power plants
Power plants under development are usually organized in
separate legal entities (SPVs) The ownership of the SPV will
be transferred to the buyer when the project is completed,
and the SPV will be consolidated as a subsidiary during the
construction phase. Development and construction of power
plants are output of the ordinary activities of the company, and
the buyer is considered to be a customer. Management has
therefore concluded that the transaction should be accounted
within the scope of IFRS 15 once a firm contract is signed. The
customer can only terminate the contract in if the Group fails
to deliver as promised in the contract.
Eqva has an enforceable right to payment, and the asset
under construction is without alternative use because of
contractual limitations, and revenues are therefore recognized
over time. The Group use cost incurred against expected
total construction cost as measure of progress. The contracts
include standard LD penalties for late delivery, but these are
capped at a moderate level. When the shares in the SPV are
transferred at completion, the share price is determined based
on the agreed price of the power plant, adjusted for any net
debt and working capital items in the SPV.
Services related to operations and maintenance of power
plants owned by a third party are normally based on contracts
with a fixed fee for a defined period. Revenues are recognized
in each accounting period. If a power plant starts power
production before delivered to a client, these revenues are
presented as sales revenues. Costs related to the power
production are presented as operational costs.
2.8 Taxes
Tax expense for the period comprises current and deferred
tax. Tax is recognized in the income statement, except to the
extent that it relates to items recognized directly in equity. In
this case, the tax is also recognized in equity, respectively.
The current income tax charge is calculated based on the tax
laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet
date in the countries where the company’s subsidiaries and
associates operate and generate taxable income. Management
periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect
to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to
interpretation. It establishes provisions where appropriate
based on amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities.
Deferred income tax is recognized, on temporary differences
arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their
carrying amounts in the consolidated financial statements.
However, the deferred income tax is not accounted for if
it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a
transaction other than a business combination that at the time
of the transaction affects neither accounting nor taxable profit
nor loss. Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates (and
laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the
balance sheet date and are expected to apply when the related
deferred income tax asset is realized or the deferred income tax
liability is settled.
Deferred income tax assets are recognized only to the extent
that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available
against which the temporary differences can be utilized.
Deferred income tax is provided on temporary differences
arising on investments in subsidiaries and associates, except
where the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference is
controlled by the group and it is probable that the temporary
difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset when there
is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets against
current tax liabilities and when the deferred income taxes assets
and liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation
authority on either the taxable entity or different taxable entities
where there is an intention to settle the balances on a net basis.
2.9 Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment is stated in the balance sheet
at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated
impairment losses, if any. Cost includes expenditures that are
directly attributable to the acquisition of the item of property,
plant and equipment. Depreciation is calculated on a straight-
line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:
• Buildings 10-40 years
• Machinery 3-10 years
• Operating equipment 3- 10 years
When significant parts of property and equipment are required
to be replaced at intervals, the Group recognizes such parts
as individual assets with specific useful lives and depreciates
them accordingly. All other repair and maintenance costs are
recognized in profit and loss as incurred.
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