Equibles

10-Q

AH Realty Trust, Inc. (AHRT)

10-Q 2023-05-10 For: 2023-03-31
View Original
Added on April 05, 2026

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☑    QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023

or

☐    TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to

Commission File Number: 001-35908

ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Maryland 46-1214914
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
222 Central Park Avenue , Suite 2100
Virginia Beach , Virginia 23462
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(757) 366-4000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share AHH New York Stock Exchange
6.75% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share AHHPrA New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    ☒  Yes     ☐  No

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files).    ☒  Yes     ☐  No

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer ☒ Accelerated Filer ☐
Non-Accelerated Filer ☐ Smaller Reporting Company ☐
Emerging Growth Company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

☐ Yes     ☒  No

As of May 5, 2023, the registrant had 67,938,793 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, outstanding. In addition, as of May 5, 2023, Armada Hoffler, L.P., the registrant's operating partnership subsidiary, had 20,560,190 units of limited partnership interest ("OP Units") outstanding (other than OP Units held by the registrant).

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ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES, INC.

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2023

Table of Contents

Page
Part I. Financial Information 1
Item 1. Financial Statements 1
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets 1
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity 3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 5
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements 7
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 23
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk 41
Item 4. Controls and Procedures 41
Part II. Other Information 43
Item 1. Legal Proceedings 43
Item 1A. Risk Factors 43
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds 43
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities 43
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 43
Item 5. Other Information 43
Item 6. Exhibits 44
Signatures 45

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PART I. Financial Information

Item 1.    Financial Statements

ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except par value and share data)

March 31,<br>2023 December 31,<br>2022
(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Real estate investments:
Income producing property $ 1,894,941 $ 1,884,214
Held for development 6,294 6,294
Construction in progress 61,513 53,067
1,962,748 1,943,575
Accumulated depreciation (344,081) (329,963)
Net real estate investments 1,618,667 1,613,612
Cash and cash equivalents 33,817 48,139
Restricted cash 2,619 3,726
Accounts receivable, net 38,195 39,186
Notes receivable, net 133,082 136,039
Construction receivables, including retentions, net 66,435 70,822
Construction contract costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings 1,206 342
Equity method investments 93,080 71,983
Operating lease right-of-use assets 23,284 23,350
Finance lease right-of-use assets 45,600 45,878
Acquired lease intangible assets 100,006 103,870
Other assets 76,024 85,363
Total Assets $ 2,232,015 $ 2,242,310
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Indebtedness, net $ 1,113,255 $ 1,068,261
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 19,051 26,839
Construction payables, including retentions 77,115 93,472
Billings in excess of construction contract costs and estimated earnings 16,736 17,515
Operating lease liabilities 31,645 31,677
Finance lease liabilities 46,536 46,477
Other liabilities 53,815 54,055
Total Liabilities 1,358,153 1,338,296
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized:<br><br>6.75% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, 9,980,000 shares authorized; 6,843,418 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and<br><br>December 31, 2022 171,085 171,085
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized; 67,939,340 and 67,729,854 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively 679 677
Additional paid-in capital 588,712 587,884
Distributions in excess of earnings (137,961) (126,875)
Accumulated other comprehensive gain 12,140 14,679
Total stockholders’ equity 634,655 647,450
Noncontrolling interests in investment entities 10,832 24,055
Noncontrolling interests in Operating Partnership 228,375 232,509
Total Equity 873,862 904,014
Total Liabilities and Equity $ 2,232,015 $ 2,242,310

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended <br>March 31,
2023 2022
Revenues
Rental revenues $ 56,218 $ 54,635
General contracting and real estate services revenues 84,238 24,650
Interest income 3,719 3,568
Total revenues 144,175 82,853
Expenses
Rental expenses 12,960 12,669
Real estate taxes 5,412 5,404
General contracting and real estate services expenses 81,170 23,821
Depreciation and amortization 18,468 18,557
Amortization of right-of-use assets - finance leases 277 278
General and administrative expenses 5,448 4,708
Acquisition, development and other pursuit costs — 11
Impairment charges 102 47
Total expenses 123,837 65,495
Operating income 20,338 17,358
Interest expense (12,302) (9,031)
Loss on extinguishment of debt — (158)
Change in fair value of derivatives and other (2,447) 4,182
Unrealized credit loss provision (77) (605)
Other income (expense), net 93 229
Income before taxes 5,605 11,975
Income tax (provision) benefit (188) 301
Net income 5,417 12,276
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests:
Investment entities (154) (100)
Operating Partnership (554) (2,183)
Net income attributable to Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. 4,709 9,993
Preferred stock dividends (2,887) (2,887)
Net income attributable to common stockholders $ 1,822 $ 7,106
Net income attributable to common stockholders per share (basic and diluted) $ 0.03 $ 0.11
Weighted-average common shares outstanding (basic and diluted) 67,787 67,128
Comprehensive income:
Net income $ 5,417 $ 12,276
Unrealized cash flow hedge gains (losses) (426) 7,722
Realized cash flow hedge (gains) losses reclassified to net income (2,922) 787
Comprehensive income 2,069 20,785
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests:
Investment entities (118) (100)
Operating Partnership 218 (4,183)
Comprehensive income attributable to Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. $ 2,169 $ 16,502

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity

(In thousands, except share data)

(Unaudited)

Preferred stock Common stock Additional paid-in capital Distributions in excess of earnings Accumulated other comprehensive gain Total stockholders' equity Noncontrolling interests in investment entities Noncontrolling interests in Operating Partnership Total equity
Balance, December 31, 2022 $ 171,085 $ 677 $ 587,884 $ (126,875) $ 14,679 $ 647,450 $ 24,055 $ 232,509 $ 904,014
Net income — — — 4,709 — 4,709 154 554 5,417
Unrealized cash flow hedge gains (losses) — — — — (328) (328) 2 (100) (426)
Realized cash flow hedge gains reclassified to net income — — — — (2,211) (2,211) (39) (672) (2,922)
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock — — (149) — — (149) — — (149)
Restricted stock awards, net — 2 977 — — 979 — — 979
Acquisitions of noncontrolling interests — — — — — — (12,834) — (12,834)
Distribution to Joint Venture Partner — — — — — — (506) — (506)
Dividends declared on preferred stock — — — (2,887) — (2,887) — — (2,887)
Dividends and distributions declared on common shares and units ($0.19 per share and unit) — — — (12,908) — (12,908) — (3,916) (16,824)
Balance, March 31, 2023 $ 171,085 $ 679 $ 588,712 $ (137,961) $ 12,140 $ 634,655 $ 10,832 $ 228,375 $ 873,862

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Preferred stock Common stock Additional paid-in capital Distributions in excess of earnings Accumulated other comprehensive gain Total stockholders' equity Noncontrolling interests in investment entities Noncontrolling interests in Operating Partnership Total equity
Balance, December 31, 2021 $ 171,085 $ 630 $ 525,030 $ (141,360) $ (33) $ 555,352 $ 629 $ 223,842 $ 779,823
Net income — — — 9,993 — 9,993 100 2,183 12,276
Unrealized cash flow hedge gains — — — — 5,907 5,907 — 1,815 7,722
Realized cash flow hedge losses reclassified to net income — — — — 602 602 — 185 787
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock — 45 65,149 — — 65,194 — — 65,194
Noncontrolling interest in acquired real estate entity — — — — — — 23,065 — 23,065
Restricted stock awards, net — — 1,064 — — 1,064 — — 1,064
Acquisitions of noncontrolling interests — — (3,901) — — (3,901) — — (3,901)
Redemption of operating partnership units — — 132 — — 132 — (132) —
Dividends declared on preferred stock — — — (2,887) — (2,887) — — (2,887)
Dividends and distributions declared on common shares and units ($0.17 per share and unit) — — — (11,433) — (11,433) — (3,506) (14,939)
Balance, March 31, 2022 $ 171,085 $ 675 $ 587,474 $ (145,687) $ 6,476 $ 620,023 $ 23,794 $ 224,387 $ 868,204

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow

(In thousands)(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended <br>March 31,
2023 2022
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income $ 5,417 $ 12,276
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation of buildings and tenant improvements 14,114 13,638
Amortization of leasing costs, in-place lease intangibles and below market ground rents - operating leases 4,354 4,919
Accrued straight-line rental revenue (1,455) (1,492)
Amortization of leasing incentives and above or below-market rents (292) (264)
Amortization of right-of-use assets - finance leases 277 278
Accrued straight-line ground rent expense 20 48
Unrealized credit loss provision 77 605
Adjustment for uncollectable lease accounts 252 241
Noncash stock compensation 1,846 1,609
Impairment charges 102 47
Noncash interest expense 2,261 909
Noncash loss on extinguishment of debt — 158
Change in fair value of derivatives and other 3,807 (4,182)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Property assets 4,167 69
Property liabilities (3,817) (4,781)
Construction assets 2,493 (9,779)
Construction liabilities (16,859) 17,067
Interest receivable (3,709) (784)
Net cash provided by operating activities 13,055 30,582
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Development of real estate investments (15,264) (28,675)
Tenant and building improvements (7,314) (727)
Acquisitions of real estate investments, net of cash received — (93,162)
Notes receivable issuances (6,699) (17,651)
Notes receivable paydowns — 11,545
Leasing costs (950) (862)
Leasing incentives (20) —
Contributions to equity method investments (21,097) (8,092)
Net cash used for investing activities (51,344) (137,624)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance cost (149) 65,194
Common shares tendered for tax withholding (1,105) (773)
Debt issuances, credit facility and construction loan borrowings 46,710 284,113
Debt and credit facility repayments, including principal amortization (2,417) (218,354)
Debt issuance costs — (3,100)
Acquisition of NCI in consolidated RE investments — (3,901)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests (506) —
Dividends and distributions (19,673) (17,094)
Net cash provided by financing activities 22,860 106,085
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash (15,429) (957)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period 51,865 40,443
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period (1) $ 36,436 $ 39,486

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)

(In thousands)(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended <br>March 31,
2023 2022
Supplemental Disclosures (noncash transactions):
Increase in dividends and distributions payable $ 38 $ 732
Decrease in accrued capital improvements and development costs (3,683) (4,664)
Operating Partnership units redeemed for common shares — 132
Debt assumed at fair value in conjunction with real estate purchases — 156,071
Noncontrolling interest in acquired real estate entity 12,834 23,065

(1) The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands):

March 31, 2023 March 31, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents $ 33,817 $ 32,910
Restricted cash (a) 2,619 6,576
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash $ 36,436 $ 39,486

(a) Restricted cash represents amounts held by lenders for real estate taxes, insurance, and reserves for capital improvements.

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

1. Business of Organization

Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. (the "Company") is a vertically-integrated, self-managed real estate investment trust ("REIT") with over four decades of experience developing, building, acquiring, and managing high-quality office, retail, and multifamily properties located primarily in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern United States. The Company also provides general construction and development services to third-party clients, in addition to developing and building properties to be placed in their stabilized portfolio.

The Company is the sole general partner of Armada Hoffler, L.P. (the "Operating Partnership") and, as of March 31, 2023, owned 76.7% of the economic interest in the Operating Partnership, of which 0.1% is held as general partnership units. The operations of the Company are carried on primarily through the Operating Partnership and the wholly owned subsidiaries thereof.

As of March 31, 2023, the Company's property portfolio consisted of 57 stabilized operating properties, one operating property not yet stabilized, and one property under development.

Refer to Note 5 for information related to the Company's recent acquisitions and dispositions of properties.

2. Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP").

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial position and results of operations of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, including the Operating Partnership, its wholly-owned subsidiaries, and any interests in variable interest entities ("VIEs") where the Company has been determined to be the primary beneficiary. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

In the opinion of management, the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring accruals, which are necessary for the fair presentation of the financial condition, and results of operations for the interim periods presented.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with the requirements for interim financial information. Accordingly, these interim financial statements have not been audited and exclude certain disclosures required for annual financial statements. Also, the operating results presented for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the entire year. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed. Such estimates are based on management’s historical experience and best judgment after considering past, current, and expected events and economic conditions. Actual results could differ significantly from management’s estimates.

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Reclassifications

Certain items have been reclassified from their prior year classifications to conform to the current year presentation. Effective for the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company has changed the presentation of its Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company reclassified interest income of $3.6 million from non-operating income to operating income. As a result, total revenues and operating income increased by $3.6 million compared to previous reporting. These reclassifications had no effect on net income or stockholder's equity as previously reported.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Reference Rate Reform

In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2020-04 Reference Rate Reform - Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (Topic 848), which became effective on March 12, 2020. ASU 2020-04 contains practical expedients for reference rate reform related activities that impact debt, leases, derivatives and other contracts. This ASU also provides optional expedients to enable companies to continue to apply hedge accounting to certain hedging relationships impacted by reference rate reform. Application of the guidance is optional and only available in certain situations. In January 2021, FASB issued ASU No. 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848). The amendments in this standard are elective and principally apply to entities that have derivative instruments that use an interest rate for margining, discounting, or contract price alignment that is modified as a result of reference rate reform. Similar to ASU No. 2020-04, provisions of this ASU are effective upon issuance. In December 2022, FASB issued ASU 2022-06 Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848 which became effective immediately upon issuance. ASU 2022-06 deferred the sunset date of Topic 848 to December 31, 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company elected to apply the practical expedients to modifications of qualifying contracts as continuations of the existing contracts rather than as new contracts. The adoption of the new guidance did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. Management will continue to evaluate the impacts of reference rate reform.

Other Accounting Policies

See the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 for a description of other accounting principles upon which basis the accompanying consolidated financial statements were prepared.

3. Segments

The Company operates its business in five reportable segments: (i) office real estate, (ii) retail real estate, (iii) multifamily real estate, (iv) general contracting and real estate services, and (v) real estate financing. Refer to Note 1 of the Company's Form 10-K for the composition of properties within each property segment. Since the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company introduced real estate financing as a reportable segment. The real estate financing segment includes the Company's mezzanine loans and preferred equity investments on development projects. The change in segmental presentation is a result of the chief operating decision-maker now separately reviewing the results of the real estate financing investments, which are no longer considered to be ad hoc investments, but an evolving portfolio.

Net operating income ("NOI") is the primary measure used by the Company’s chief operating decision-maker to assess segment performance. NOI is calculated as segment revenues less segment expenses. Segment revenues include rental revenues for the property segments, general contracting and real estate services revenues for the general contracting and real estate services segment, and interest income for the real estate financing segment. Segment expenses include rental expenses and real estate taxes for the property segments, general contracting and real estate services expenses for the general contracting and real estate services segment, and interest expense for the real estate financing segment. Segment NOI for the general contracting and real estate services and real estate financing segments is also referred to as segment gross profit as illustrated in the table below. NOI is not a measure of operating income or cash flows from operating activities as measured by GAAP and is not indicative of cash available to fund cash needs. As a result, NOI should not be considered an alternative to cash flows as a measure of liquidity. Not all companies calculate NOI in the same manner. The Company considers NOI to be an appropriate supplemental measure to net income because it assists both investors and management in understanding the core operations of the Company’s real estate, construction, and real estate financing businesses.

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The following table presents NOI for the Company's five reportable segments for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022
Office real estate
Rental revenues $ 19,574 $ 17,023
Rental expenses 5,103 4,140
Real estate taxes 2,095 1,504
Segment net operating income 12,376 11,379
Retail real estate
Rental revenues 22,438 21,430
Rental expenses 3,564 3,501
Real estate taxes 2,207 2,238
Segment net operating income 16,667 15,691
Multifamily real estate
Rental revenues 14,206 16,182
Rental expenses 4,293 5,028
Real estate taxes 1,110 1,662
Segment net operating income 8,803 9,492
General contracting and real estate services
General contracting and real estate services revenues 84,238 24,650
General contracting and real estate services expenses 81,170 23,821
Segment gross profit 3,068 829
Real estate financing
Interest income 3,536 3,459
Interest expense(a) 1,097 825
Segment gross profit 2,439 2,634
Net operating income $ 43,353 $ 40,025

________________________________________

(a) Interest expense within the real estate financing segment is allocated based on the average outstanding principal of notes receivable in the real estate financing portfolio, and the effective interest rate on the credit facility, as defined in Note 8.

The following table reconciles NOI to net income, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022
Net operating income $ 43,353 $ 40,025
Interest income(a) 183 109
Depreciation and amortization (18,468) (18,557)
Amortization of right-of-use assets - finance leases (277) (278)
General and administrative expenses (5,448) (4,708)
Acquisition, development and other pursuit costs — (11)
Impairment charges (102) (47)
Interest expense(b) (11,205) (8,206)
Loss on extinguishment of debt — (158)
Change in fair value of derivatives and other (2,447) 4,182
Unrealized credit loss provision (77) (605)
Other income (expense), net 93 229
Income tax (provision) benefit (188) 301
Net income $ 5,417 $ 12,276

________________________________________

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(a) Excludes real estate financing segment interest income of $3.5 million and $3.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

(b) Excludes real estate financing segment interest expense of $1.1 million and $0.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Rental expenses represent costs directly associated with the operation and management of the Company’s real estate properties. Rental expenses include asset management expenses, property management fees, repairs and maintenance, insurance, and utilities.

General contracting and real estate services revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 exclude revenue related to intercompany construction contracts of $13.7 million and $8.6 million, respectively, as it is eliminated in consolidation. General contracting and real estate services expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 exclude expenses related to intercompany construction contracts of $13.5 million and $8.5 million, respectively.

Depreciation and amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $6.9 million, $7.3 million, and $4.2 million for the office, retail, and multifamily real estate segments. Depreciation and amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $6.6 million, $7.1 million, and $4.7 million for the office, retail, and multifamily real estate segments.

General and administrative expenses represent costs not directly associated with the operation and management of the Company’s real estate properties, general contracting and real estate services, and real estate financing businesses. These costs include corporate office personnel compensation and benefits, bank fees, accounting fees, legal fees, and other corporate office expenses.

Interest expense on secured property debt for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $2.4 million, $2.1 million, and $2.6 million for the office, retail, and multifamily real estate segments, respectively. Interest expense on secured property debt for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $2.0 million, $2.0 million, and $3.2 million for the office, retail, and multifamily real estate segments, respectively.

Assets included in each property segment are presented in Schedule III of the financial statements accompanying the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, which have not materially changed as of March 31, 2023. Assets attributable to the general contracting and real estate services segment are presented in Note 7 of these financial statements. Assets of the real estate financing segment are presented in Note 6 of these financial statements.

4. Leases

Lessee Disclosures

As a lessee, the Company has eight ground leases on seven properties. These ground leases have maximum lease terms (including renewal options) that expire between 2074 and 2117. The exercise of lease renewal options is at the Company's sole discretion. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements are limited by the expected lease term. Five of these leases have been classified as operating leases and three of these leases have been classified as finance leases. The Company's lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

Lessor Disclosures

As a lessor, the Company leases its properties under operating leases and recognizes base rents on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company also recognizes revenue from tenant recoveries, through which tenants reimburse the Company on an accrual basis for certain expenses such as utilities, janitorial services, repairs and maintenance, security and alarms, parking lot and ground maintenance, administrative services, management fees, insurance, and real estate taxes. Rental revenues are reduced by the amount of any leasing incentives amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the applicable lease. In addition, the Company recognizes contingent rental revenue (e.g., percentage rents based on tenant sales thresholds) when the sales thresholds are met. Many tenant leases include one or more options to renew, with renewal terms that can extend the lease term from one to 25 years, or more. The exercise of lease renewal options is at the tenant's sole discretion. The Company includes a renewal period in the lease term only if it appears at lease inception that the renewal is reasonably assured.

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Rental revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 comprised the following (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022
Base rent and tenant charges $ 54,471 $ 52,879
Accrued straight-line rental adjustment 1,455 1,492
Lease incentive amortization (165) (173)
(Above) below market lease amortization 457 437
Total rental revenue $ 56,218 $ 54,635

5. Real Estate Investment

Property Acquisitions

Constellation Energy Building

On January 14, 2023, the Company acquired an additional 11% membership interest in the Constellation Energy Building, increasing its ownership interest to 90%, in exchange for full satisfaction of the $12.8 million loan that was extended to the seller upon the acquisition of the property in January 2022.

Equity Method Investments

Harbor Point Parcel 3

The Company owns a 50% interest in Harbor Point Parcel 3, a joint venture with Beatty Development Group, for purposes of developing T. Rowe Price's new global headquarters office building in Baltimore, Maryland. The Company is a noncontrolling partner in the joint venture and will serve as the project's general contractor. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company invested $0.5 million in Harbor Point Parcel 3. The Company has an estimated equity commitment of up to $44.6 million relating to this project. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the carrying value of the Company's investment in Harbor Point Parcel 3 was $40.0 million and $39.8 million, respectively, which excludes $1.1 million and $0.9 million, respectively, of intra-entity profits eliminated in consolidation. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, Harbor Point Parcel 3 had no operating activity; therefore, the Company received no allocated income.

Based on the terms of the operating agreement, the Company has concluded that Harbor Point Parcel 3 is a VIE and that the Company holds a variable interest. The Company has significant influence over the project due to its 50% ownership interest; however, the Company does not have the power to direct the activities of the project that most significantly impact its performance. This includes activity as the managing member of the entity, which is a power that is retained by the Company's joint venture partner. Accordingly, the Company is not the project's primary beneficiary and, therefore, does not consolidate Harbor Point Parcel 3 in its consolidated financial statements. The Company's investment in the project is recorded as an equity method investment in the consolidated balance sheets.

Harbor Point Parcel 4

On April 1, 2022, the Company acquired a 78% interest in Harbor Point Parcel 4, a real estate venture with Beatty Development Group, for purposes of developing a mixed-use project, which is planned to include multifamily units, retail space, and a parking garage. The Company holds an option to increase its ownership to 90%. The Company is a noncontrolling partner in the real estate venture and will serve as the project's general contractor. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company invested $21.0 million in Harbor Point Parcel 4. The Company has an estimated equity commitment of up to $101.5 million relating to this project. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the carrying value of the Company's investment in Harbor Point Parcel 4 was $53.1 million and $32.2 million, respectively, which excludes $0.3 million and $0.2 million, respectively, of intra-entity profits eliminated in consolidation. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, Harbor Point Parcel 4 had no operating activity; therefore, the Company received no allocated income.

Based on the terms of the operating agreement, the Company has concluded that Harbor Point Parcel 4 is a VIE and that the Company holds a variable interest. The Company has significant influence over the project due to its 78% ownership

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interest; however, the Company does not have the power to direct the activities of the project that most significantly impact its performance. This includes activity as the managing member of the entity, which is a power that is retained by the Company's partner. Accordingly, the Company is not the project's primary beneficiary and, therefore, does not consolidate Harbor Point Parcel 4 in its consolidated financial statements. The Company's investment in the project is recorded as an equity method investment in the consolidated balance sheets.

6. Notes Receivable and Current Expected Credit Losses

Notes Receivable

The Company had the following notes receivable outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 ($ in thousands):

Outstanding loan amount (a) Interest compounding
Development Project March 31,<br>2023 December 31,<br>2022 Maximum principal commitment Interest rate
City Park 2 $ 22,096 $ 19,062 $ 20,594 13.0 % Annually
Solis Gainesville II 11,566 6,638 19,595 14.0 % (b) Annually
Interlock Commercial 88,858 86,584 107,000 (c) 15.0 % None
Total mezzanine & preferred equity 122,520 112,284 $ 147,189
Constellation Energy Building note receivable — 12,834
Other notes receivable 11,671 11,512
Notes receivable guarantee premium 386 701
Allowance for credit losses(d) (1,495) (1,292)
Total notes receivable $ 133,082 $ 136,039

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(a) Outstanding loan amounts include any accrued and unpaid interest, and accrued exit fees, as applicable.

(b) The interest rate varies over the life of the loan, and the Company also earns an unused commitment fee of 10%. Refer below under “Solis Gainesville II” for further details.

(c) This amount includes interest reserves.

(d) The amounts as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 exclude $0.2 million and $0.3 million of Current Expected Credit Losses ("CECL") allowance that relates to the unfunded commitments, which were recorded as a liability under Other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

Interest on the notes receivable is accrued and funded utilizing the interest reserves for each loan, which are components of the respective maximum loan commitments, and such accrued interest is generally added to the loan receivable balances. The Company recognized interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31,
Development Project 2023 2022
City Park 2 $ 670 (a) $ 19 (a)
Solis Gainesville II 593 (a)(b) —
Interlock Commercial 2,273 (a) 2,826 (a)
Nexton Multifamily — 614
Total mezzanine 3,536 3,459
Other interest income 183 109
Total interest income $ 3,719 $ 3,568

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(a) Includes recognition of interest income related to fee amortization.

(b) Includes recognition of unused commitment fees.

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Solis Gainesville II

On March 29, 2023, the Solis Gainesville II preferred equity investment agreement was modified to adjust the interest rate. The interest rate of 14% remains effective through the first 24 months of the investment. Beginning on October 3, 2024, the investment will bear interest at a rate of 10% for twelve months. On October 3, 2025, the investment will again bear interest at a rate of 14% per annum through maturity. Additionally, the amendment introduced an unused commitment fee of 10% on the unfunded portion of the investment's maximum loan commitment, which is effective January 1, 2023. Both the interest and unused commitment fee compound annually.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The Company is exposed to credit losses primarily through its mezzanine lending activities and preferred equity investments. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had three mezzanine loans (including the City Park 2 and Solis Gainesville II preferred equity investments that are accounted for as notes receivable), each of which are financing development projects in various stages of completion or lease-up. Each of these projects is subject to a loan that is senior to the Company’s mezzanine loan. Interest on these loans is paid in kind and is generally not expected to be paid until a sale of the project after completion of the development.

The Company's management performs a quarterly analysis of the loan portfolio to determine the risk of credit loss based on

the progress of development activities, including leasing activities, projected development costs, and current and projected

mezzanine and senior construction loan balances. The Company estimates future losses on its notes receivable using risk

ratings that correspond to probabilities of default and loss given default. The Company's risk ratings are as follows:

•Pass: loans in this category are adequately collateralized by a development project with conditions materially consistent with the Company's underwriting assumptions.

•Special Mention: loans in this category show signs that the economic performance of the project may suffer as a result of slower-than-expected leasing activity or an extended development or marketing timeline. Loans in this category warrant increased monitoring by management.

•Substandard: loans in this category may not be fully collected by the Company unless remediation actions are taken. Remediation actions may include obtaining additional collateral or assisting the borrower with asset management activities to prepare the project for sale. The Company will also consider placing the loan on non-accrual status if it does not believe that additional interest accruals will ultimately be collected.

The Company updated the risk ratings for each of its notes receivable as of March 31, 2023 and obtained industry loan loss data relative to these risk ratings. Each of the outstanding loans as of March 31, 2023 was "Pass" rated. The Company's analysis resulted in an allowance for loan losses of approximately $1.7 million as of March 31, 2023. An allowance related to unfunded commitments of approximately $0.2 million as of March 31, 2023 was recorded as Other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet.

At March 31, 2023, the Company reported $133.1 million of notes receivable, net of allowances of $1.5 million. At December 31, 2022, the Company reported $136.0 million of notes receivable, net of allowances of $1.3 million. Changes in the allowance for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Funded Unfunded Total Funded Unfunded Total
Beginning balance $ 1,292 $ 338 $ 1,630 $ 994 $ 10 $ 1,004
Unrealized credit loss provision (release) 203 (140) 63 184 421 605
Ending balance $ 1,495 $ 198 $ 1,693 $ 1,178 $ 431 $ 1,609

The Company places loans on non-accrual status when the loan balance, together with the balance of any senior loan, approximately equals the estimated realizable value of the underlying development project. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had the Constellation Energy Building note, which bore interest at 3% per annum, on non-accrual status. The principal balance of the note receivable was adequately secured by the seller's partnership interest. On January 14, 2023, the Company acquired an additional 11% membership interest in the Constellation Energy Building, increasing its ownership interest to 90%, in exchange for full satisfaction of the note. As of March 31, 2023, there were no loans on non-accrual status.

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7. Construction Contracts

Construction contract costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings represent reimbursable costs and amounts earned under contracts in progress as of the balance sheet date. Such amounts become billable according to contract terms, which usually consider the passage of time, achievement of certain milestones, or completion of the project. The Company expects to bill and collect substantially all construction contract costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings as of March 31, 2023 during the next 12 to 24 months.

Billings in excess of construction contract costs and estimated earnings represent billings or collections on contracts made in advance of revenue recognized.

The following table summarizes the changes to the balances in the Company’s construction contract costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings account and the billings in excess of construction contract costs and estimated earnings account for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

Three Months Ended <br>March 31, 2023 Three Months Ended <br>March 31, 2022
Construction contract costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings Billings in excess of construction contract costs and estimated earnings Construction contract costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings Billings in excess of construction contract costs and estimated earnings
Beginning balance $ 342 $ 17,515 $ 243 $ 4,881
Revenue recognized that was included in the balance at the beginning of the period — (17,515) — (4,881)
Increases due to new billings, excluding amounts recognized as revenue during the period — 17,150 — 15,055
Transferred to receivables (347) — (266) —
Construction contract costs and estimated earnings not billed during the period 1,206 — 121 —
Changes due to cumulative catch-up adjustment arising from changes in the estimate of the stage of completion 5 (414) 23 (1)
Ending balance $ 1,206 $ 16,736 $ 121 $ 15,054

The Company defers pre-contract costs when such costs are directly associated with specific anticipated contracts and their recovery is probable. Pre-contract costs of $1.4 million and $1.3 million were deferred as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Amortization of pre-contract costs for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $0.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively.

Construction receivables and payables include retentions, which are amounts that are generally withheld until the completion of the contract or the satisfaction of certain restrictive conditions such as fulfillment guarantees. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, construction receivables included retentions of $17.5 million and $8.3 million, respectively. The Company expects to collect substantially all construction receivables outstanding as of March 31, 2023 during the next 12 to 24 months. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, construction payables included retentions of $28.5 million and $24.7 million, respectively. The Company expects to pay substantially all construction payables outstanding as of March 31, 2023 during the next 12 to 24 months.

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The Company’s net position on uncompleted construction contracts comprised the following as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022
Costs incurred on uncompleted construction contracts $ 400,028 $ 571,465
Estimated earnings 14,280 22,162
Billings (429,838) (610,800)
Net position $ (15,530) $ (17,173)
Construction contract costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings $ 1,206 $ 342
Billings in excess of construction contract costs and estimated earnings (16,736) (17,515)
Net position $ (15,530) $ (17,173)

The above table reflects the net effect of projects closed as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

The Company’s balances and changes in construction contract price allocated to unsatisfied performance obligations (backlog) as of March 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022
Beginning backlog $ 665,564 $ 215,518
New contracts/change orders 70,792 228,603
Work performed (84,516) (24,682)
Ending backlog $ 651,840 $ 419,439

The Company expects to complete a majority of the uncompleted contracts in place as of March 31, 2023 during the next 12 to 24 months.

8. Indebtedness

Credit Facility

On August 23, 2022, the Company and the Operating Partnership entered into an amended and restated credit agreement (the "Credit Agreement"), which provides for a $550.0 million credit facility comprised of a $250.0 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility (the "revolving credit facility") and a $300.0 million senior unsecured term loan facility (the "term loan facility" and, together with the revolving credit facility, the "credit facility"), with a syndicate of banks.

The credit facility includes an accordion feature that allows the total commitments to be increased to $1.0 billion, subject to certain conditions, including obtaining commitments from any one or more lenders. The revolving credit facility has a scheduled maturity date of January 22, 2027, with two six-month extension options, subject to the Company's satisfaction of certain conditions, including payment of a 0.075% extension fee at each extension. The term loan facility has a scheduled maturity date of January 21, 2028.

The revolving credit facility bears interest at Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") plus a margin ranging from 1.30% to 1.85% and a credit spread adjustment of 0.10%, and the term loan facility bears interest at SOFR plus a margin ranging from 1.25% to 1.80% and a credit spread adjustment of 0.10%, in each case depending on the Company's total leverage. The Company is also obligated to pay an unused commitment fee of 15 or 25 basis points on the unused portions of the commitments under the revolving credit facility, depending on the amount of borrowings under the revolving credit facility. If the Company or the Operating Partnership attains investment grade credit ratings from both S&P Global Ratings and Moody's Investors Service, Inc., the Operating Partnership may elect to have borrowings become subject to interest rates based on such credit ratings.

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the outstanding balance on the revolving credit facility was $105.0 million and $61.0 million, respectively. The outstanding balance on the term loan facility was $300.0 million as of both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. As of March 31, 2023, the effective interest rates on the revolving credit facility and the term loan facility, before giving effect to interest rate caps and swaps, were 6.20% and 6.10%, respectively. After giving

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effect to interest rate caps and swaps, the effective interest rates on the revolving credit facility and the term loan facility were 4.35% and 3.68%, respectively, as of March 31, 2023. The Operating Partnership may, at any time, voluntarily prepay any loan under the credit facility in whole or in part without premium or penalty.

The Operating Partnership is the borrower, and its obligations under the credit facility are guaranteed by the Company and certain of its subsidiaries that are not otherwise prohibited from providing such guaranty. The Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties and financial and other affirmative and negative covenants. The Company's ability to borrow under the credit facility is subject to ongoing compliance with a number of financial covenants, affirmative covenants, and other restrictions. The Credit Agreement includes customary events of default, in certain cases subject to customary cure periods. The occurrence of an event of default, if not cured within the applicable cure period, would permit the lenders to, among other things, declare the unpaid principal, accrued and unpaid interest, and all other amounts payable under the credit facility to be immediately due and payable.

The Company is currently in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Agreement.

M&T Term Loan Facility

On December 6, 2022, the Company, as parent guarantor, and the Operating Partnership, as borrower, entered into a term loan agreement (the "M&T term loan agreement") with Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company, as lender and administrative agent, which provides a $100.0 million senior unsecured term loan facility (the "M&T term loan facility"), with the option to increase the total capacity to $200.0 million, subject to the Company's satisfaction of certain conditions. The proceeds from the M&T term loan facility were used to repay the loans secured by the Wills Wharf, 249 Central Park Retail, Fountain Plaza Retail, and South Retail properties. The M&T term loan facility has a scheduled maturity date of March 8, 2027, with a one-year extension option, subject to the Company's satisfaction of certain conditions, including payment of a 0.075% extension fee.

The M&T term loan facility bears interest at a rate elected by the Operating Partnership based on term SOFR, Daily Simple SOFR, or the Base Rate (as defined below), and in each case plus a margin and a credit spread adjustment of 0.10%. The margin under each interest rate election depends on the Company's total leverage. The "Base Rate" is equal to the highest of: (a) the rate of interest in effect for such day as publicly announced from time to time by M&T Bank as its “prime rate” for such day, (b) the Federal Funds Rate for such day, plus 0.50%, (c) one month term SOFR for such day plus 100 basis points and (d) 1.00%. The Operating Partnership has elected for the loan to bear interest at term SOFR plus margin. If the Company or the Operating Partnership attains investment grade credit ratings from both S&P Global Ratings and Moody's Investor Service, Inc., the Operating Partnership may elect to have borrowings become subject to interest rates based on such credit ratings.

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the outstanding balance on the M&T term loan facility was $100.0 million. As of March 31, 2023, the effective interest rate on the M&T term loan facility, before giving effect to interest rate swaps, was 6.10%. After giving effect to interest rate swaps, the effective interest rate on the M&T term loan facility was 4.80% as of March 31, 2023. The Operating Partnership may, at any time, voluntarily prepay the M&T term loan facility in whole or in part without premium or penalty, provided certain conditions are met.

The Operating Partnership is the borrower under the M&T term loan facility, and its obligations under the M&T term loan facility are guaranteed by the Company and certain of its subsidiaries that are not otherwise prohibited from providing such guaranty. The M&T term loan agreement contains customary representations and warranties and financial and other affirmative and negative covenants. The Company's ability to borrow under the M&T term loan facility is subject to ongoing compliance with a number of financial covenants, affirmative covenants, and other restrictions. The term loan agreement includes customary events of default, in certain cases subject to customary cure periods. The occurrence of an event of default, if not cured within the applicable cure period, would permit the lenders to, among other things, declare the unpaid principal, accrued and unpaid interest, and all other amounts payable under the M&T term loan facility to be immediately due and payable.

The Company is currently in compliance with all covenants under the M&T term loan agreement.

Other 2023 Financing Activity

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company borrowed $2.7 million under its existing construction loans to fund new development and construction.

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9. Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company enters into interest rate derivative contracts to manage exposure to interest rate risks. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Derivative financial instruments are recognized at fair value and presented within other assets and other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Gains and losses resulting from changes in the fair value of derivatives that are neither designated nor qualify as hedging instruments are recognized within the change in fair value of interest rate derivatives in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income. For derivatives that qualify as cash flow hedges, the gain or loss is reported as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) and reclassified into earnings in the periods during which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings.

As of March 31, 2023, the Company had the following London Inter-Bank Offered Rate ("LIBOR"), SOFR, and Bloomberg Short-Term Bank Yield Index ("BSBY") interest rate caps ($ in thousands):

Effective Date Maturity Date Notional Amount Strike Rate Premium Paid
3/4/2021 4/1/2023 $ 14,479 2.50% (LIBOR) $ 4
11/1/2020 11/1/2023 84,375 (a) 1.84% (SOFR) 91
7/1/2022 1/1/2024 50,000 (a) 1.00%-3.00% (SOFR) (b) 143 (c)
7/5/2022 1/1/2024 35,100 (a) 1.00%-3.00% (SOFR) (b) 120 (c)
1/11/2022 2/1/2024 175,000 4.00% (BSBY) (e) 154
4/7/2022 2/1/2024 175,000 (a) 1.00%-3.00% (BSBY) (b) (e) 3,595
7/6/2022 3/1/2024 200,000 (a) 1.00%-3.00% (SOFR) (b) 352 (c)
9/1/2022 9/1/2024 32,822 (a)(d) 1.00%-3.00% (SOFR) (b) 1,370
Total $ 766,776 $ 5,829

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(a) Designated as a cash flow hedge.

(b) The Company purchased interest rate caps at 1.00% and sold interest rate caps at 3.00%, resulting in interest rate cap corridors of 1.00% and 3.00%. The intended goal of these corridors is to provide a level of protection from the effect of rising interest rates and reduce the all-in cost of the derivative instrument.

(c) This amount represents the sum of the premiums paid on the original instruments. The caps were blended and extended for a net zero premium during the year ended December 31, 2022.

(d) Represents the notional amount as of March 31, 2023. The notional amount is scheduled to increase over the term of the corridor in accordance with projected borrowings on the associated loan. The maximum notional amount that will eventually be in effect is $73.6 million.

(e) Effective April 4, 2023, these interest rate caps were terminated and replaced with a floating-to-fixed interest rate swap, effective April 3, 2023, with a notional amount of $175.0 million and SOFR rate of 1.84%. The interest rate swap will expire on February 1, 2024. The Company did not pay a premium for this transaction.

As of March 31, 2023, the Company held the following floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps ($ in thousands):

Related Debt Notional Amount Index Swap Fixed Rate Debt effective rate Effective Date Expiration Date
Senior unsecured term loan $ 50,000 1-month LIBOR 2.78 % 4.08 % 5/1/2018 5/1/2023
Senior unsecured term loan 32,706 (a) 1-month SOFR (b) 2.17 % 3.47 % 4/1/2019 8/10/2023
Senior unsecured term loan 10,500 (a) 1-month LIBOR 3.02 % 4.32 % 10/12/2018 10/12/2023
Senior unsecured term loan 25,000 (a) 1-month LIBOR 0.50 % 1.80 % 4/1/2020 4/1/2024
Senior unsecured term loan 25,000 (a) 1-month LIBOR 0.50 % 1.80 % 4/1/2020 4/1/2024
Senior unsecured term loan 25,000 (a) Daily SOFR (c) 0.44 % 1.74 % 4/1/2020 4/1/2024
Thames Street Wharf 68,969 (a) 1-month BSBY (d) 1.05 % 2.35 % 9/30/2021 9/30/2026
M&T unsecured term loan 100,000 1-month SOFR 3.50 % 4.80 % 12/6/2022 12/6/2027
Senior unsecured term loan 100,000 1-month SOFR 3.43 % 4.73 % 12/13/2022 1/21/2028
Total $ 437,175

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(a) Designated as a cash flow hedge.

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(b) Effective February 1, 2023, this swap was amended to reference the 1-month SOFR index. Prior to the amendment, the swap referenced the 1-month LIBOR index.

(c) Effective February 1, 2023, this swap was amended to reference the Daily SOFR index. Prior to the amendment, the swap referenced the 1-month LIBOR index.

(d) Effective April 3, 2023, this swap was amended to reference the Daily SOFR index with a fixed rate of 0.93%.

For the interest rate swaps and caps designated as cash flow hedges, realized gains and losses are reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive gain (loss) to interest expense in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income due to payments received from and paid to the counterparty. During the next 12 months, the Company anticipates recognizing approximately $10.4 million of net hedging gains as reductions to interest expense. These amounts will be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive gain into earnings to offset the variability of the hedged items during this period.

The Company’s derivatives were comprised of the following as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022
Notional<br>Amount Fair Value Notional<br>Amount Fair Value
Asset Liability Asset Liability
Derivatives not designated as accounting hedges
Interest rate swaps $ 250,000 $ 91 $ (990) $ 250,000 $ 2,201 $ —
Interest rate caps 189,479 1,398 — 289,479 2,102 —
Total derivatives not designated as accounting hedges 439,479 1,489 (990) 539,479 4,303 —
Derivatives designated as accounting hedges
Interest rate swaps 187,175 9,267 — 187,670 11,247 —
Interest rate caps 577,297 10,582 — 561,200 13,565 —
Total derivatives $ 1,203,951 $ 21,338 $ (990) $ 1,288,349 $ 29,115 $ —

The changes in the fair value of the Company’s derivatives during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were comprised of the following (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022
Interest rate swaps $ (3,502) $ 6,757
Interest rate caps (728) 5,182
Total change in fair value of interest rate derivatives $ (4,230) $ 11,939
Comprehensive income statement presentation:
Change in fair value of derivatives and other $ (3,804) $ 4,217
Unrealized cash flow hedge gains (losses) (426) 7,722
Total change in fair value of interest rate derivatives $ (4,230) $ 11,939

10. Equity

Stockholders’ Equity

On March 10, 2020, the Company commenced an at-the-market continuous equity offering program (the "ATM Program") through which the Company may, from time to time, issue and sell shares of its common stock and shares of its 6.75% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock (the "Series A Preferred Stock") having an aggregate offering price of up to $300.0 million, to or through its sales agents and, with respect to shares of its common stock, may enter into separate forward sales agreements to or through the forward purchaser.

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During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company did not issue any shares of common stock or Series A Preferred Stock under the ATM Program. Shares having an aggregate offering price of $205.0 million remained unsold under the ATM Program as of May 5, 2023.

Noncontrolling Interests

As of both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company held a 76.7% economic interest in the Operating Partnership, respectively. As of March 31, 2023, the Company also held a preferred interest in the Operating Partnership in the form of preferred units with a liquidation preference of $171.1 million. The Company is the primary beneficiary of the Operating Partnership as it has the power to direct the activities of the Operating Partnership and the rights to absorb 76.7% of the net income of the Operating Partnership. As the primary beneficiary, the Company consolidates the financial position and results of operations of the Operating Partnership. Noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership represent units of limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership not held by the Company. As of March 31, 2023, there were 20,611,190 Class A units of limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership ("Class A Units") not held by the Company. The Company's financial position and results of operations are the same as those of the Operating Partnership.

Additionally, the Operating Partnership owns a majority interest in certain non-wholly-owned operating and development properties. The noncontrolling interest for consolidated real estate entities was $10.8 million and $24.1 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, which represents the minority partners' interest in certain joint venture entities.

Dividends and Distributions

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the following dividends/distributions were declared or paid:

Equity type Declaration Date Record Date Payment Date Dividends per Share/Unit Aggregate Dividends/Distributions on Stock and Units (in thousands)
Common Stock/Class A Units 11/04/2022 12/28/2023 01/05/2023 $ 0.19 $ 16,785
Common Stock/Class A Units 02/28/2023 03/29/2023 04/06/2023 0.19 16,825
Series A Preferred Stock 11/04/2022 01/03/2023 01/13/2023 0.421875 2,887
Series A Preferred Stock 02/28/2023 04/03/2023 04/14/2023 0.421875 2,887

11. Stock-Based Compensation

The Company’s Amended and Restated 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (the "Equity Plan") permits the grant of restricted stock awards, stock options, stock appreciation rights, performance units, and other equity-based awards up to an aggregate of 1,700,000 shares of common stock. As of March 31, 2023, there were no shares available for issuance under the Equity Plan.

As a result of the Company inadvertently issuing more shares of common stock than were available for issuance under the Equity Plan, on May 9, 2023, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and the Company's Chief Financial Officer forfeited 75,321 and 8,975 restricted shares of common stock, respectively.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company granted an aggregate of 298,163 shares of restricted stock to employees and non-employee directors with a weighted average grant date fair value of $12.88 per share. Of those shares, 87,513 were surrendered by the employees for income tax withholdings. Employee restricted stock awards generally vest over a period of two years: one-third immediately on the grant date and the remaining two-thirds in equal amounts on the first two anniversaries following the grant date, subject to continued service to the Company. Beginning with grants made in 2021, executive officers' restricted shares generally vest over a period of three years: two-fifths immediately on the grant date and the remaining three-fifths in equal amounts on the first three anniversaries following the grant date, subject to continued service to the Company. Non-employee director restricted stock awards vest either immediately upon grant or over a period of one year, subject to continued service to the Company. Unvested restricted stock awards are entitled to receive dividends from their grant date.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized $2.1 million and $1.8 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation cost. As of March 31, 2023, there were 297,462 non-vested restricted shares outstanding; the total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested restricted shares was $2.9 million, which the Company expects to recognize over the next 51 months.

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12. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value measurements are based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. The hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value is as follows:

Level 1 — quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level 2 — observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities

Level 3 — unobservable inputs

Except as disclosed below, the carrying amounts of the Company’s financial instruments approximate their fair values. Financial assets and liabilities whose fair values are measured on a recurring basis using Level 2 inputs consist of interest rate swaps and caps. The Company measures the fair values of these assets and liabilities based on prices provided by independent market participants that are based on observable inputs using market-based valuation techniques.

Financial assets and liabilities whose fair values are not measured at fair value but for which the fair value is disclosed include the Company's notes receivable and indebtedness. The fair value is estimated by discounting the future cash flows of each instrument at estimated market rates consistent with the maturity, credit characteristics, and other terms of the arrangements, which are Level 3 inputs under the fair value hierarchy.

In certain cases, the inputs used to estimate the fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. For disclosure purposes, the level within which the fair value measurement is categorized is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

Considerable judgment is used to estimate the fair value of financial instruments. The estimates of fair value presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized upon disposition of the financial instruments.

The carrying amounts and fair values of the Company’s financial instruments as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were as follows (in thousands):

March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022
Carrying<br>Value Fair<br>Value Carrying<br>Value Fair<br>Value
Indebtedness, net(a) $ 1,123,528 $ 1,103,392 $ 1,079,233 $ 1,058,530
Notes receivable, net 133,082 133,082 136,039 136,039
Interest rate swap liabilities 990 990 — —
Interest rate swap and cap assets 21,338 21,338 29,115 29,115

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(a) Excludes $10.3 million and $11.0 million of deferred financing costs as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

13. Related Party Transactions

The Company provides general contracting services to certain related party entities that are included in these condensed consolidated financial statements. Revenue and gross profit from construction contracts with these entities for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were not material. There were no outstanding construction receivables due from related parties as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

The Company provides general contracting services to the Harbor Point Parcel 3 and Harbor Point Parcel 4 ventures. See Note 5 for more information. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company recognized gross profit of $0.3 million, relating to these construction contracts.

The Operating Partnership entered into tax protection agreements that indemnify certain directors and executive officers of the Company from their tax liabilities resulting from the potential future sale of certain of the Company’s properties prior to May 13, 2023.

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14. Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings

The Company is from time to time involved in various disputes, lawsuits, warranty claims, environmental and other matters arising in the ordinary course of business. Management makes assumptions and estimates concerning the likelihood and amount of any potential loss relating to these matters.

The Company currently is a party to various legal proceedings, none of which management expects will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or liquidity. Management accrues a liability for litigation if an unfavorable outcome is determined to be probable and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. If an unfavorable outcome is determined to be probable and a range of loss can be reasonably estimated, management accrues the best estimate within the range; however, if no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other, the minimum amount within the range is accrued. Legal fees related to litigation are expensed as incurred. Management does not believe that the ultimate outcome of these matters, either individually or in the aggregate, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations; however, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties.

Under the Company’s leases, tenants are typically obligated to indemnify the Company from and against all liabilities, costs, and expenses imposed upon or asserted against it as owner of the properties due to certain matters relating to the operation of the properties by the tenant.

Guarantees

In connection with certain of the Company's real estate financing activities and equity method investments, the Company has made guarantees to pay portions of certain senior loans of third parties associated with the development projects. The following table summarizes the outstanding guarantees made by the Company as of March 31, 2023 (in thousands):

Development project Payment guarantee amount Guarantee liability
Interlock Commercial (a) $ 37,450 $ 386
Harbor Point Parcel 4 (b) 32,910 177
Total $ 70,360 $ 563

_______________________________________

(a) This guarantee is subject to cancellation pending completion of the acquisition of The Interlock. Refer to Note 15 for further information.

(b) As of March 31, 2023, no amounts have been funded on this senior loan.

Commitments

The Company has a bonding line of credit for its general contracting construction business and is contingently liable under performance and payment bonds, bonds for cancellation of mechanics liens and defect bonds. Such bonds collectively totaled $8.5 million as of both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. In addition, as of March 31, 2023, the Company has an outstanding letter of credit for $1.9 million to secure certain performances of the Company's subsidiary construction company under a related party project.

Unfunded Loan Commitments

The Company has certain commitments related to its notes receivable investments that it may be required to fund in the future. The Company is generally obligated to fund these commitments at the request of the borrower or upon the occurrence of events outside of the Company's direct control. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had three notes receivable with a total of $11.5 million of unfunded commitments. If commitments are funded in the future, interest will be charged at rates consistent with the existing investments. As of March 31, 2023, the Company has recorded a $0.2 million CECL allowance that relates to the unfunded commitments, which was recorded as a liability in Other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet. See Note 6 for more information.

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15. Subsequent Events

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date on which this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q was filed, the date on which these financial statements were issued, and identified the items below for discussion.

Notes Receivable

On May 4, 2023, the Company entered into a contribution agreement with an unrelated third party to acquire a mixed-use property known as The Interlock for a purchase price of approximately $215 million. The Company expects to finance the transaction using $100 million of new fixed-rate financing (primarily through a $75 million unsecured term loan), the conversion of its existing mezzanine loan into equity, and the issuance of Class A units to the sponsor developer.

Indebtedness

Effective April 3, 2023, the Company transitioned the $69.0 million loan secured by Thames Street Wharf to SOFR. The modified loan bears interest at a rate of SOFR plus a spread of 1.30% and a credit spread adjustment of 0.10%.

Effective April 3, 2023, the Company transitioned the $175.0 million loan secured by the Constellation Energy Building to SOFR. The modified loan bears interest at a rate of SOFR plus a spread of 1.50% and a credit spread adjustment of 0.11%.

Derivative Financial Instruments

Effective April 3, 2023, the Company terminated the 1.05% BSBY interest rate swap with a notional amount of $69.0 million and entered into an interest rate swap agreement with a notional amount of $69.0 million and a SOFR rate of 0.93%. The interest rate swap will expire on September 30, 2026. The Company did not pay a premium for this transaction.

Effective April 4, 2023, the Company terminated the 4.00% BSBY interest rate cap with a notional amount of $175.0 million and the BSBY corridor of 1.00%-3.00% with a notional amount of $175.0 million and, effective April 3, 2023, entered into an interest rate swap agreement with a notional amount of $175.0 million and a SOFR rate of 1.84%. The interest rate swap will expire on February 1, 2024. The Company did not pay a premium for this transaction.

On May 4, 2023, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement with a notional amount of $100.0 million and a SOFR rate of 3.20%. The interest rate swap will expire on May 19, 2026, unless canceled at the option of the counterparty, which cancellation can occur no earlier than May 1, 2025. The Company did not pay a premium for this transaction.

Equity

On April 3, 2023, in connection with the tender by a holder of Class A Units of 51,000 Class A Units for redemption by the Operating Partnership, the Company elected to satisfy the redemption request with a cash payment of $0.6 million.

On May 8, 2023, the Company announced that its board of directors declared a cash dividend of $0.195 per common share for the second quarter of 2023. The second quarter dividend will be payable in cash on July 6, 2023 to stockholders of record on June 28, 2023.

On May 8, 2023, the Company announced that its board of directors declared a cash dividend of $0.421875 per share of Series A Preferred Stock for the second quarter of 2023. The dividend will be payable in cash on July 14, 2023 to stockholders of record on July 3, 2023.

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Item 2.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

References to "we," "our," "us," and "our company" refer to Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., a Maryland corporation, together with our consolidated subsidiaries, including Armada Hoffler, L.P., a Virginia limited partnership (the "Operating Partnership"), of which we are the sole general partner. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report.

Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. We caution investors that any forward-looking statements presented in this report, or which management may make orally or in writing from time to time, are based on beliefs and assumptions made by, and information currently available to, management. When used, the words "anticipate," "believe," "expect," "intend," "may," "might," "plan," "estimate," "project," "should," "will," "result," and similar expressions, which do not relate solely to historical matters, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions and are not guarantees of future performance, which may be affected by known and unknown risks, trends, uncertainties, and factors that are beyond our control. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, estimated, or projected. We caution you that while forward-looking statements reflect our good faith beliefs when we make them, they are not guarantees of future performance and are impacted by actual events when they occur after we make such statements. We expressly disclaim any responsibility to update forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by law. Accordingly, investors should use caution in relying on past forward-looking statements, which are based on results and trends at the time they are made, to anticipate future results or trends.

Forward-looking statements involve numerous risks and uncertainties and you should not rely on them as predictions of future events. Forward-looking statements depend on assumptions, data, or methods which may be incorrect or imprecise, and we may not be able to realize them. We do not guarantee that the transactions and events described will happen as described (or that they will happen at all). The following factors, among others, could cause actual results and future events to differ materially from those set forth or contemplated in the forward-looking statements:

•adverse economic or real estate developments, either nationally or in the markets in which our properties are located;

•our failure to generate sufficient cash flows to service our outstanding indebtedness;

•defaults on, early terminations of, or non-renewal of leases by tenants, including significant tenants;

•bankruptcy or insolvency of a significant tenant or a substantial number of smaller tenants;

•the inability of one or more mezzanine loan borrowers to repay mezzanine loans in accordance with their contractual terms;

•difficulties in identifying or completing development, acquisition, or disposition opportunities;

•our ability to commence or continue construction and development projects on the timeframes and terms currently anticipated;

•our failure to successfully operate developed and acquired properties;

•our failure to generate income in our general contracting and real estate services segment in amounts that we anticipate;

•fluctuations in interest rates;

•the impact of inflation, including increased operating costs;

•our failure to obtain necessary outside financing on favorable terms or at all;

•our inability to extend the maturity of or refinance existing debt or comply with the financial covenants in the agreements that govern our existing debt;

•financial market fluctuations;

•risks that affect the general retail environment or the market for office properties or multifamily units;

•the competitive environment in which we operate;

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•decreased rental rates or increased vacancy rates;

•conflicts of interests with our officers and directors;

•lack or insufficient amounts of insurance;

•environmental uncertainties and risks related to adverse weather conditions and natural disasters;

•other factors affecting the real estate industry generally;

•our failure to maintain our qualification as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") for U.S. federal income tax purposes;

•limitations imposed on our business and our ability to satisfy complex rules in order for us to maintain our qualification as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes;

•changes in governmental regulations or interpretations thereof, such as real estate and zoning laws and increases in real property tax rates and taxation of REITs; and

•potential negative impacts from changes to U.S. tax laws.

While forward-looking statements reflect our good faith beliefs, they are not guarantees of future performance. We caution investors not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements and urge investors to carefully review the disclosures we make concerning risks and uncertainties in the sections entitled "Risk Factors" and "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, as well as risks, uncertainties and other factors discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and other documents that we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC").

Business Description

We are a vertically-integrated, self-managed REIT with over four decades of experience developing, building, acquiring, and managing high-quality office, retail, and multifamily properties located primarily in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern United States. We also provide general construction and development services to third-party clients, in addition to developing and building properties to be placed in our stabilized portfolio. As of March 31, 2023, our operating property portfolio consisted of the following properties:

Property Segment Location Ownership Interest
4525 Main Street Office Virginia Beach, Virginia* 100 %
Armada Hoffler Tower Office Virginia Beach, Virginia* 100 %
Brooks Crossing Office Office Newport News, Virginia 100 %
Constellation Office Office Baltimore, Maryland** 90 %
One City Center Office Durham, North Carolina 100 %
One Columbus Office Virginia Beach, Virginia* 100 %
Thames Street Wharf Office Baltimore, Maryland** 100 %
Two Columbus Office Virginia Beach, Virginia* 100 %
Wills Wharf Office Baltimore, Maryland** 100 %
249 Central Park Retail Retail Virginia Beach, Virginia* 100 %
Apex Entertainment Retail Virginia Beach, Virginia* 100 %
Broad Creek Shopping Center Retail Norfolk, Virginia 100 %
Broadmoor Plaza Retail South Bend, Indiana 100 %
Brooks Crossing Retail Retail Newport News, Virginia 65 % (1)
Columbus Village Retail Virginia Beach, Virginia* 100 %
Columbus Village II Retail Virginia Beach, Virginia* 100 %
Commerce Street Retail Retail Virginia Beach, Virginia* 100 %
Delray Beach Plaza Retail Delray Beach, Florida 100 %
Dimmock Square Retail Colonial Heights, Virginia 100 %
Fountain Plaza Retail Retail Virginia Beach, Virginia* 100 %

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Property Segment Location Ownership Interest
Greenbrier Square Retail Chesapeake, Virginia 100 %
Greentree Shopping Center Retail Chesapeake, Virginia 100 %
Hanbury Village Retail Chesapeake, Virginia 100 %
Harrisonburg Regal Retail Harrisonburg, Virginia 100 %
Lexington Square Retail Lexington, South Carolina 100 %
Market at Mill Creek Retail Mount Pleasant, South Carolina 100 %
Marketplace at Hilltop Retail Virginia Beach, Virginia 100 %
Nexton Square Retail Summerville, South Carolina 100 %
North Hampton Market Retail Taylors, South Carolina 100 %
North Pointe Center Retail Durham, North Carolina 100 %
Overlook Village Retail Asheville, North Carolina 100 %
Parkway Centre Retail Moultrie, Georgia 100 %
Parkway Marketplace Retail Virginia Beach, Virginia 100 %
Patterson Place Retail Durham, North Carolina 100 %
Pembroke Square Retail Virginia Beach, Virginia* 100 %
Perry Hall Marketplace Retail Perry Hall, Maryland 100 %
Premier Retail Retail Virginia Beach, Virginia* 100 %
Providence Plaza Retail Charlotte, North Carolina 100 %
Red Mill Commons Retail Virginia Beach, Virginia 100 %
Sandbridge Commons Retail Virginia Beach, Virginia 100 %
South Retail Retail Virginia Beach, Virginia* 100 %
South Square Retail Durham, North Carolina 100 %
Southgate Square Retail Colonial Heights, Virginia 100 %
Southshore Shops Retail Chesterfield, Virginia 100 %
Studio 56 Retail Retail Virginia Beach, Virginia* 100 %
Tyre Neck Harris Teeter Retail Portsmouth, Virginia 100 %
Wendover Village Retail Greensboro, North Carolina 100 %
1305 Dock Street Multifamily Baltimore, Maryland** 90 %
1405 Point Multifamily Baltimore, Maryland** 100 %
Edison Apartments Multifamily Richmond, Virginia 100 %
Encore Apartments Multifamily Virginia Beach, Virginia* 100 %
Gainesville Apartments Multifamily Gainesville, Georgia 100 %
Greenside Apartments Multifamily Charlotte, North Carolina 100 %
Liberty Apartments Multifamily Newport News, Virginia 100 %
Premier Apartments Multifamily Virginia Beach, Virginia* 100 %
Smith's Landing Multifamily Blacksburg, Virginia 100 %
The Cosmopolitan Multifamily Virginia Beach, Virginia* 100 %

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*Located in the Town Center of Virginia Beach

**Located at Harbor Point in Baltimore

(1) We are entitled to a preferred return on our investment in this property.

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As of March 31, 2023, the following properties that we consolidate for financial reporting purposes were under development or not yet stabilized:

Property Segment Location Ownership Interest
Chronicle Mill Multifamily Belmont, North Carolina 85 % (1)
Southern Post Mixed-use Roswell, Georgia 100 %

________________________________________

(1) We are entitled to a preferred return on our investment in this property.

Acquisitions

On January 14, 2023, we acquired an additional 11% membership interest in the Constellation Energy Building, increasing our ownership interest to 90%, in exchange for full satisfaction of the $12.8 million loan that was extended to the seller upon the acquisition of the property in January 2022.

Preferred Equity Investments

On March 29, 2023, the Solis Gainesville II preferred equity investment was modified to adjust the interest rate. The interest rate of 14% remains effective through the first 24 months of the investment. Beginning on October 3, 2024, the investment will bear interest at a rate of 10% for 12 months. On October 3, 2025, the investment will again bear interest at a rate of 14% through maturity. Additionally, the amendment introduced an unused commitment fee of 10% on the unfunded portion of the investment's maximum loan commitment, which is effective January 1, 2023. Both the interest and unused commitment fee compound annually. The preferred equity investment remains subject to minimum interest guarantee of $5.9 million over the life of the investment.

First Quarter 2023 and Recent Highlights

The following highlights our results of operations and significant transactions for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and other recent developments:

•Net income attributable to common stockholders and holders ("OP Unitholders") of units of limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership ("OP Units") of $2.4 million, or $0.03 per diluted share, compared to $9.3 million, or $0.11 per diluted share, for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

•Funds from operations attributable to common stockholders and OP Unitholders ("FFO") of $20.6 million, or $0.23 per diluted share, compared to $27.6 million, or $0.31 per diluted share, for the three months ended March 31, 2022. See "Non-GAAP Financial Measures."

•Normalized funds from operations attributable to common stockholders and OP Unitholders ("Normalized FFO") of $26.5 million, or $0.30 per diluted share, compared to $24.5 million, or $0.28 per diluted share, for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

•Maintained 97% portfolio occupancy as of March 31, 2023. Office occupancy remained at 97%, retail occupancy remained at 98%, and multifamily occupancy remained at 96%.

•Positive renewal spreads during the first quarter in both the office and retail segments:

◦Lease rates on first quarter office lease renewals increased 10.9% on a GAAP basis.

◦Lease rates on first quarter retail lease renewals increased 10.1% on a GAAP basis.

•Same Store net operating income ("NOI") increased 4.3% on a GAAP basis, compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2022:

◦Office Same Store NOI increased 2.1% on a GAAP basis.

◦Retail Same Store NOI increased 4.9% on a GAAP basis.

◦Multifamily Same Store NOI increased 5.1% on a GAAP basis.

•Announced the $215 million acquisition of The Interlock in West Midtown Atlanta, which we anticipate completing in the second quarter, subject to customary closing conditions. We anticipate financing the transaction with $100 million

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of new fixed-rate financing in addition to the conversion of our existing mezzanine loan into equity and the issuance of OP Units to the sponsor developer.

•Announced that the Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.195 per common share, representing a 3% increase over the prior quarter's dividend.

Segment Results of Operations

As of March 31, 2023, we operated our business in five segments: (i) office real estate, (ii) retail real estate, (iii) multifamily real estate, (iv) general contracting and real estate services, and (v) real estate financing. Our general contracting and real estate services segment is conducted through our taxable REIT subsidiary ("TRS"). Net operating income ("NOI") is the primary measure used by our chief operating decision-maker to assess segment performance and allocate our resources among our segments. We calculate NOI as segment revenues less segment expenses. Segment revenues include rental revenues for our property segments, general contracting and real estate services revenues for our general contracting and real estate services segment, and interest income for our real estate financing segment. Segment expenses include rental expenses and real estate taxes for our property segments, general contracting and real estate services expenses for our general contracting and real estate services segment, and interest expense for our real estate financing segment. NOI is not a measure of operating income or cash flows from operating activities as measured by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP") and is not indicative of cash available to fund cash needs. As a result, NOI should not be considered an alternative to cash flows as a measure of liquidity. Not all companies calculate NOI in the same manner. We consider NOI to be an appropriate supplemental measure to net income because it assists both investors and management in understanding the core operations of our real estate and construction businesses. See Note 3 to our condensed consolidated financial statements in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a reconciliation of NOI to net income, the most directly comparable GAAP measure.

We define same store properties as those properties that we owned and operated and that were stabilized for the entirety of both periods presented. We generally consider a property to be stabilized upon the earlier of: (i) the quarter after the property reaches 80% occupancy or (ii) the thirteenth quarter after the property receives its certificate of occupancy. Additionally, any property that is fully or partially taken out of service for the purpose of redevelopment is no longer considered stabilized until the redevelopment activities are complete, the asset is placed back into service, and the occupancy criterion above is again met. A property may also be fully or partially taken out of service as a result of a partial disposition, depending on the significance of the portion of the property disposed. Finally, any property classified as held for sale is taken out of service for the purpose of computing same store operating results.

Office Segment Data

Office rental revenues, property expenses, and NOI for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022 Change
Rental revenues $ 19,574 $ 17,023 $ 2,551
Property expenses 7,198 5,644 1,554
Segment NOI $ 12,376 $ 11,379 $ 997

Office segment NOI for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased 8.8% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to higher occupancy at Wills Wharf and the acquisition of the Constellation Office in January 2022.

Office Same Store Results

Office same store results for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 exclude Wills Wharf and the Constellation Office.

Office same store rental revenues, property expenses, and NOI for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):

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Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022 Change
Rental revenues $ 10,750 $ 10,175 $ 575
Property expenses 3,997 3,562 435
Same Store NOI $ 6,753 $ 6,613 $ 140
Non-Same Store NOI 5,623 4,766 857
Segment NOI $ 12,376 $ 11,379 $ 997

Office same store NOI for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased 2.1% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to higher occupancy throughout the portfolio.

Retail Segment Data

Retail rental revenues, property expenses, and NOI for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022 Change
Rental revenues $ 22,438 $ 21,430 $ 1,008
Property expenses 5,771 5,739 32
Segment NOI $ 16,667 $ 15,691 $ 976

Retail segment NOI for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased 6.2% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to the acquisition of Pembroke Square in November 2022 and higher occupancy throughout the portfolio.

Retail Same Store Results

Retail same store results for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 exclude Pembroke Square.

Retail same store rental revenues, property expenses, and NOI for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022 Change
Rental revenues $ 21,760 $ 21,131 $ 629
Property expenses 5,297 5,441 (144)
Same Store NOI $ 16,463 $ 15,690 $ 773
Non-Same Store NOI 204 1 203
Segment NOI $ 16,667 $ 15,691 $ 976

Retail same store NOI for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased 4.9% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to higher occupancy throughout the portfolio.

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Multifamily Segment Data

Multifamily rental revenues, property expenses, and NOI for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022 Change
Rental revenues $ 14,206 $ 16,182 $ (1,976)
Property expenses 5,403 6,690 (1,287)
Segment NOI $ 8,803 $ 9,492 $ (689)

Multifamily segment NOI for the three months ended March 31, 2023 decreased 7.3% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to the dispositions of The Residences of Annapolis Junction in July 2022, Hoffler Place in April 2022, and Summit Place in April 2022. The decrease was partially offset by the commencement of operations and higher occupancy at Gainesville Apartments and Chronicle Mill.

Multifamily Same Store Results

Multifamily same store results for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 exclude 1305 Dock Street, Chronicle Mill, and Gainesville Apartments as well as The Residences of Annapolis Junction, Hoffler Place, and Summit Place, which were disposed in 2022.

Multifamily same store rental revenues, property expenses and NOI for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022 Change
Rental revenues $ 11,281 $ 10,721 $ 560
Property expenses 4,244 4,023 221
Same Store NOI $ 7,037 $ 6,698 $ 339
Non-Same Store NOI 1,766 2,794 (1,028)
Segment NOI $ 8,803 $ 9,492 $ (689)

Multifamily same store NOI for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased 5.1% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to increased rental rates across multiple properties.

General Contracting and Real Estate Services Segment Data

General contracting and real estate services revenues, expenses, and gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022 Change
General contracting and real estate services revenues $ 84,238 $ 24,650 $ 59,588
General contracting and real estate services expenses 81,170 23,821 57,349
Segment gross profit $ 3,068 $ 829 $ 2,239
Operating margin 3.6 % 3.4 % 0.2 %

General contracting and real estate services segment gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased $2.2 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to the increase in backlog and the revenue and expenses associated with these contracts.

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The changes in third party construction backlog for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022
Beginning backlog $ 665,564 $ 215,518
New contracts/change orders 70,792 228,603
Work performed (84,516) (24,682)
Ending backlog $ 651,840 $ 419,439

As of March 31, 2023, we had $320.6 million in the backlog relating to the Harbor Point Parcel 3 and Harbor Point Parcel 4 developments in Baltimore.

Real Estate Financing Segment Data

During the first quarter of 2023, we updated our reportable segments to include real estate financing. This segment includes our mezzanine loans and preferred equity investments on development projects. The addition of the real estate financing segment is consistent with how we view our operating performance and how the chief operational decision maker allocates our resources. The change in segmental presentation is a result of our continued investment in development projects through financing, which we no longer consider to be ad hoc investments, but an evolving portfolio. We also believe this change in segmental presentation further assists stockholders in assessing pertinent information about our operating performance.

Real estate financing interest income, interest expense, and gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022 Change
Interest income $ 3,536 $ 3,459 $ 77
Interest expense 1,097 825 272
Segment gross profit $ 2,439 $ 2,634 $ (195)

Real estate financing gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2023 decreased 7.4% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022 due to higher interest expense as a result of higher average principal outstanding on mezzanine loans and preferred equity investments, as well as rising interest rates, largely offset by hedging interest rate derivatives.

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Consolidated Results of Operations

The following table summarizes the results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (unaudited, in thousands):

Three Months Ended <br>March 31,
2023 2022 Change
Revenues
Rental revenues $ 56,218 $ 54,635 $ 1,583
General contracting and real estate services revenues 84,238 24,650 59,588
Interest income 3,719 3,568 151
Total revenues 144,175 82,853 61,322
Expenses
Rental expenses 12,960 12,669 291
Real estate taxes 5,412 5,404 8
General contracting and real estate services expenses 81,170 23,821 57,349
Depreciation and amortization 18,468 18,557 (89)
Amortization of right-of-use assets - finance leases 277 278 (1)
General and administrative expenses 5,448 4,708 740
Acquisition, development and other pursuit costs — 11 (11)
Impairment charges 102 47 55
Total expenses 123,837 65,495 58,342
Operating income 20,338 17,358 2,980
Interest expense (12,302) (9,031) (3,271)
Loss on extinguishment of debt — (158) 158
Change in fair value of derivatives and other (2,447) 4,182 (6,629)
Unrealized credit loss provision (77) (605) 528
Other income (expense), net 93 229 (136)
Income before taxes 5,605 11,975 (6,370)
Income tax (provision) benefit (188) 301 (489)
Net income 5,417 12,276 (6,859)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in investment entities (154) (100) (54)
Preferred stock dividends (2,887) (2,887) —
Net income attributable to common stockholders and OP Unitholders $ 2,376 $ 9,289 $ (6,913)

Rental revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased 2.9% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022 as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022 Change
Office $ 19,574 $ 17,023 $ 2,551
Retail 22,438 21,430 1,008
Multifamily 14,206 16,182 (1,976)
$ 56,218 $ 54,635 $ 1,583

Office rental revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased 15.0% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily as a result of higher occupancy at Wills Wharf and the acquisition of the Constellation Office in January 2022.

Retail rental revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased 4.7% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily as a result of the acquisition of Pembroke Square in November 2022 and higher occupancy throughout the portfolio.

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Multifamily rental revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2023 decreased 12.2% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily as a result of the dispositions of The Residences of Annapolis Junction in July 2022, Hoffler Place in April 2022, and Summit Place in April 2022. The decreases were partially offset by the commencement of operations and higher occupancy at Gainesville Apartments and Chronicle Mill.

General contracting and real estate services revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased $59.6 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022 due to the timing of commencement of new third party construction projects in 2023 and the completion of other projects.

Interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased 4.2% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to higher notes receivable balance in the current period from the City Park 2 and Gainesville II real estate financing investments. This increase was partially offset by the repayment of the Nexton Multifamily real estate financing investment during the fourth quarter of 2022.

Rental expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased 2.3% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022 as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022 Change
Office $ 5,103 $ 4,140 $ 963
Retail 3,564 3,501 63
Multifamily 4,293 5,028 (735)
$ 12,960 $ 12,669 $ 291

Office rental expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased 23.3% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to the acquisition of the Constellation Office and increased occupancy at Wills Wharf.

Retail rental expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased 1.8% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to the acquisition of Pembroke Square in November 2022.

Multifamily rental expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 decreased 14.6% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to the dispositions of The Residences of Annapolis Junction, Hoffler Place, and Summit Place, partially offset by the acquisition of 1035 Dock Street and the commencement of operations at Chronicle Mill.

Real estate taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased 0.1% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022 as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022 Change
Office $ 2,095 $ 1,504 $ 591
Retail 2,207 2,238 (31)
Multifamily 1,110 1,662 (552)
$ 5,412 $ 5,404 $ 8

Office real estate taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased 39.3% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to recognized real estate tax refunds at Wills Wharf in the first quarter of 2022, the acquisition of the Constellation Office, and increases in property assessments.

Retail real estate taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were materially consistent.

Multifamily real estate taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2023 decreased 33.2% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to the dispositions of The Residences of Annapolis Junction, Hoffler Place, and Summit Place.

General contracting and real estate services expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased $57.3 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022 due to new third party contracts undertaken in 2023.

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Depreciation and amortization for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was materially consistent with the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Amortization of right-of-use assets - finance leases for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was materially consistent with the three months ended March 31, 2022.

General and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased 15.7% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to higher compensation, benefits, and training and development resulting from increased investment in human capital, as well as an increase in professional services expense.

Acquisition, development and other pursuit costs for the three months ended March 31, 2023 were materially consistent with the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Impairment charges for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 were immaterial.

Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased 36.2% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to higher levels of average indebtedness in connection with the funding of development projects, real estate financing investments, and acquisitions, partially offset by debt paid off in connection with dispositions. The increase is also attributable to the amortization of debt financing costs incurred from refinancings that took place in the latter half of 2022, as well as rising interest rates, largely offset by hedging interest rate derivatives.

There was no loss on extinguishment of debt for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Loss on extinguishment of debt of $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 primarily relates to the payoffs of the loans secured by Red Mill West and Delray Beach Plaza.

The change in fair value of derivatives and other for the three months ended March 31, 2023 includes fair value decreases for our derivative instruments due to decreases in forward LIBOR (the London Inter-Bank Offered Rate), SOFR (the Secured Overnight Financing Rate) and BSBY (the Bloomberg Short-Term Yield Index).

Changes in unrealized credit loss provision for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022 were primarily the result of increases in notes receivable balances from real estate financing investments.

Other income (expense), net for the three months ended March 31, 2023 decreased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease was immaterial.

The income tax provision and benefits that we recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were attributable to the taxable profits and losses of our development and construction businesses that we operate through our TRS.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

We believe our primary short-term liquidity requirements consist of general contractor expenses, operating expenses, and other expenditures associated with our properties, including tenant improvements, leasing commissions and leasing incentives, dividend payments to our stockholders required to maintain our REIT qualification, debt service, capital expenditures, new real estate development projects, mezzanine loan funding requirements, and strategic acquisitions. We expect to meet our short-term liquidity requirements through net cash provided by operations, reserves established from existing cash, borrowings under construction loans to fund new real estate development and construction, borrowings available under our credit facility, and net proceeds from the opportunistic sale of common stock through our ATM Program, which is discussed below.

Our long-term liquidity needs consist primarily of funds necessary for the repayment of debt at or prior to maturity, general contracting expenses, property development and acquisitions, tenant improvements, and capital improvements. We expect to meet our long-term liquidity requirements with net cash from operations, long-term secured and unsecured indebtedness, the issuance of equity and debt securities, and the opportunistic disposition of non-core properties. We also may fund property development and acquisitions and capital improvements using our credit facility pending long-term financing.

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As of March 31, 2023, we had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $33.8 million available for both current liquidity needs as well as development and redevelopment activities. We also had restricted cash in escrow of $2.6 million, some of which is available for capital expenditures and certain operating expenses at our operating properties. As of March 31, 2023, we had $145.0 million of available borrowings under our revolving credit facility to meet our short-term liquidity requirements and $78.3 million of available borrowings under our construction loans to fund development activities. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we increased outstanding borrowings on our revolving credit facility by $44.0 million, which were largely used to fund our investments in the Southern Post and Harbor Point Parcel 4 mixed-use development projects.

We have no loans scheduled to mature during the remainder of 2023.

ATM Program

On March 10, 2020, we commenced an at-the-market continuous equity offering program (the "ATM Program") through which we may, from time to time, issue and sell shares of our common stock and shares of our 6.75% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock (the "Series A Preferred Stock") having an aggregate offering price of up to $300.0 million, to or through our sales agents and, with respect to shares of our common stock, may enter into separate forward sales agreements to or through the forward purchaser.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we did not issue any shares of common stock or Series A Preferred Stock under the ATM Program. Shares having an aggregate offering price of $205.0 million remained unsold under the ATM Program as of May 5, 2023.

Credit Facility

On August 23, 2022, we entered into an amended and restated credit agreement (the "Credit Agreement"), which provides for a $550.0 million credit facility comprised of a $250.0 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility (the "revolving credit facility") and a $300.0 million senior unsecured term loan facility (the "term loan facility" and, together with the revolving credit facility, the "credit facility"), with a syndicate of banks. Subject to available borrowing capacity, we intend to use future borrowings under the credit facility for general corporate purposes, including funding acquisitions, mezzanine lending, and development and redevelopment of properties in our portfolio, and for working capital.

The credit facility includes an accordion feature that allows the total commitments to be increased to $1.0 billion, subject to certain conditions, including obtaining commitments from any one or more lenders. The revolving credit facility has a scheduled maturity date of January 22, 2027, with two six-month extension options, subject to certain conditions, including payment of a 0.075% extension fee at each extension. The term loan facility has a scheduled maturity date of January 21, 2028.

The revolving credit facility bears interest at SOFR plus a margin ranging from 1.30% to 1.85% and a credit spread adjustment of 0.10%, and the term loan facility bears interest at SOFR plus a margin ranging from 1.25% to 1.80% and a credit spread adjustment of 0.10%, in each case depending on our total leverage. We also are obligated to pay an unused commitment fee of 15 or 25 basis points on the unused portions of the commitments under the revolving credit facility, depending on the amount of borrowings under the revolving credit facility. If the Company or the Operating Partnership attains investment grade credit ratings from both S&P Global Ratings and Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., we may elect to have borrowings become subject to interest rates based on such credit ratings. Our unencumbered borrowing pool will support revolving borrowings of up to $196.4 million, as of March 31, 2023.

The Operating Partnership is the borrower under the credit facility, and its obligations under the credit facility are guaranteed by us and certain of our subsidiaries that are not otherwise prohibited from providing such guaranty.

The Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties and financial and other affirmative and negative covenants. Our ability to borrow under the credit facility is subject to our ongoing compliance with a number of financial covenants, affirmative covenants and other restrictions, including the following:

•total leverage ratio of not more than 60% (or 65% for the two consecutive quarters following any acquisition with a purchase price of at least $100.0 million, but only up to two times during the term of the credit facility);

•Ratio of adjusted EBITDA (as defined in the Credit Agreement) to fixed charges of not less than 1.50 to 1.0;

•Tangible net worth of not less than the sum of (i) $825.2 million and (ii) an amount equal to 75% of the net equity proceeds received by us after June 30, 2022;

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•Ratio of secured indebtedness (excluding the credit facility if it becomes secured indebtedness) to total asset value of not more than 40%;

•Ratio of secured recourse debt (excluding the credit facility if it becomes secured indebtedness) to total asset value of not more than 20%;

•Total unsecured leverage ratio of not more than 60% (or 65% for the two consecutive quarters following any acquisition with a purchase price of at least $100.0 million, but only up to two times during the term of the credit facility);

•Unencumbered interest coverage ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) of not less than 1.75 to 1.0;

•Maintenance of a minimum of at least 15 unencumbered properties (as defined in the Credit Agreement) with an unencumbered asset value (as defined in the Credit Agreement) of not less than $500.0 million at any time; and

•Minimum occupancy rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) for all unencumbered properties of not less than 80% at any time.

The Credit Agreement limits our ability to pay cash dividends if a default has occurred and is continuing or would result therefrom. However, if certain defaults or events of default exist, we may pay cash dividends to the extent necessary to (i) maintain our status as a REIT and (ii) avoid federal or state income excise taxes. The Credit Agreement also restricts the amount of capital that we can invest in specific categories of assets, such as unimproved land holdings, development properties, notes receivable, mortgages, mezzanine loans and unconsolidated affiliates, and restricts our ability to repurchase stock and units of limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership during the term of the credit facility.

We may, at any time, voluntarily prepay any loan under the credit facility in whole or in part without significant premium or penalty, except for those portions subject to an interest rate swap agreement.

The Credit Agreement includes customary events of default, in certain cases subject to customary periods to cure. The occurrence of an event of default, following the applicable cure period, would permit the lenders to, among other things, declare the unpaid principal, accrued and unpaid interest and all other amounts payable under the credit facility to be immediately due and payable.

We are currently in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Agreement.

M&T Term Loan Facility

On December 6, 2022, we entered into a term loan agreement (the "M&T term loan agreement") with Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company, which provides a $100.0 million senior unsecured term loan facility (the "M&T term loan facility"), with the option to increase the total capacity to $200.0 million, subject to our satisfaction of certain conditions. The M&T term loan facility has a scheduled maturity date of March 8, 2027, with a one-year extension option, subject to our satisfaction of certain conditions, including payment of a 0.075% extension fee.

The M&T term loan facility bears interest at a rate elected by us based on term SOFR, Daily Simple SOFR, or the Base Rate (as defined below), and in each case plus a margin and a credit spread adjustment of 0.10%. The margin under each interest rate election depends on our total leverage. The "Base Rate" is equal to the highest of: (a) the rate of interest in effect for such day as publicly announced from time to time by M&T Bank as its “prime rate” for such day, (b) the Federal Funds Rate for such day, plus 0.50%, (c) one month term SOFR for such day plus 100 basis points and (d) 1.00%. We have elected for the loan to bear interest at term SOFR plus margin. If we attain investment grade credit ratings from both S&P Global Ratings and Moody's Investor Service, Inc., we may elect to have borrowings become subject to interest rates based on such credit ratings.

The Operating Partnership is the borrower under the M&T term loan facility, and its obligations under the M&T term loan facility are guaranteed by us and certain of its subsidiaries that are not otherwise prohibited from providing such guaranty.

The M&T term loan agreement contains customary representations and warranties and financial and other affirmative and negative covenants. Our ability to borrow under the M&T term loan facility is subject to ongoing compliance with a number of financial covenants, affirmative covenants, and other restrictions, including the following:

•Total leverage ratio of not more than 60% (or 65% for the two consecutive quarters following any acquisition with a purchase price of at least $100.0 million, but only up to two times during the term of the M&T term loan facility);

•Ratio of adjusted EBITDA (as defined in the M&T term loan agreement) to fixed charges of not less than 1.50 to 1.0;

•Tangible net worth of not less than the sum of (i) $825.2 million and (ii) an amount equal to 75% of the net equity proceeds received by us after June 30, 2022;

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•Ratio of secured indebtedness (excluding the M&T term loan facility if it becomes secured indebtedness) to total asset value of not more than 40%;

•Ratio of secured recourse debt (excluding the M&T term loan facility if it becomes secured indebtedness) to total asset value of not more than 20%;

•Total unsecured leverage ratio of not more than 60% (or 65% for the two consecutive quarters following any acquisition with a purchase price of at least $100.0 million, but only up to two times during the term of the M&T term loan facility);

•Unencumbered interest coverage ratio (as defined in the M&T term loan agreement) of not less than 1.75 to 1.0;

•Maintenance of a minimum of at least 15 unencumbered properties (as defined in the M&T term loan agreement) with an unencumbered asset value (as defined in the M&T term loan agreement) of not less than $500.0 million at any time; and

•Minimum occupancy rate (as defined in the M&T term loan agreement) for all unencumbered properties of not less than 80% at any time.

The M&T term loan agreement limits our ability to pay cash dividends if a default has occurred and is continuing or would result therefrom. However, if certain defaults or events of default exist, we may pay cash dividends to the extent necessary to (i) maintain our status as a REIT and (ii) avoid federal or state income excise taxes. The M&T term loan agreement also restricts the amount of capital that we can invest in specific categories of assets, such as unimproved land holdings, development properties, notes receivable, mortgages, mezzanine loans and unconsolidated affiliates, and restricts our ability to repurchase stock and units of limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership during the term of the M&T term loan facility.

We may, at any time, voluntarily prepay the M&T term loan facility in whole or in part without premium or penalty, provided certain conditions are met.

The M&T term loan agreement includes customary events of default, in certain cases subject to customary cure periods. The occurrence of an event of default, if not cured within the applicable cure period, would permit the lenders to, among other things, declare the unpaid principal, accrued and unpaid interest, and all other amounts payable under the M&T term loan facility to be immediately due and payable. A default under the Credit Agreement would also constitute a default under the M&T term loan agreement.

We are currently in compliance with all covenants under the M&T term loan agreement.

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Consolidated Indebtedness

The following table sets forth our consolidated indebtedness as of March 31, 2023 ($ in thousands):

Amount Outstanding Interest Rate (a) Effective Rate for Variable-Rate Debt Maturity Date Balance at Maturity
Secured Debt
Chronicle Mill $ 30,340 LIBOR+ 3.00 % 5.86 % May 5, 2024 $ 30,340
Red Mill Central 1,969 4.80 % June 17, 2024 1,765
Premier Apartments(b) 16,210 LIBOR+ 1.55 % 6.41 % October 31, 2024 15,830
Premier Retail(b) 7,984 LIBOR+ 1.55 % 6.41 % October 31, 2024 7,797
Red Mill South 5,108 3.57 % May 1, 2025 4,383
Market at Mill Creek 12,333 LIBOR+ 1.55% 6.41 % July 12, 2025 10,876
Gainesville Apartments 30,000 SOFR+ 1.50 % 6.30 % December 20, 2025 30,000
Encore Apartments(c) 23,842 2.93 % February 10, 2026 22,211
4525 Main Street(c) 30,610 2.93 % February 10, 2026 28,515
Southern Post(d) — SOFR+ 2.25 % 5.05 % August 25, 2026 —
Thames Street Wharf 68,969 BSBY+ 1.30 % 2.35 % (e) September 30, 2026 60,839
Constellation Energy Building 175,000 BSBY+ 1.50 % 4.42 % November 1, 2026 175,000
Southgate Square 25,979 LIBOR+ 1.90 % 6.76 % December 21, 2026 22,811
Nexton Square 22,041 SOFR+ 1.95 % 6.75 % June 30, 2027 19,487
Liberty Apartments 20,858 SOFR+ 1.50 % 6.30 % September 27, 2027 19,230
Greenbrier Square 19,848 3.74% October 10, 2027 18,049
Lexington Square 13,820 4.50 % September 1, 2028 12,044
Red Mill North 4,050 4.73 % December 31, 2028 3,295
Greenside Apartments 31,671 3.17 % December 15, 2029 26,095
Smith's Landing 15,296 4.05 % June 1, 2035 384
Edison Apartments 15,469 5.30 % December 1, 2044 100
The Cosmopolitan 41,027 3.35 % July 1, 2051 187
Total secured debt $ 612,424 $ 509,238
Unsecured debt
Senior unsecured revolving credit facility $ 105,000 SOFR+ 1.30%-1.85% 6.20 % January 22, 2027 $ 105,000
M&T unsecured term loan 100,000 SOFR+ 1.25%-1.80% 4.80 % (e) March 8, 2027 100,000
Senior unsecured term loan 31,794 SOFR+ 1.25%-1.80% 6.10 % January 21, 2028 31,794
Senior unsecured term loan 268,206 SOFR+ 1.25%-1.80% 1.74%-4.73% (e) January 21, 2028 268,206
Total unsecured debt 505,000 505,000
Total principal balances 1,117,424 $ 1,014,238
Other notes payable(f) 6,130
Unamortized GAAP adjustments (10,299)
Indebtedness, net $ 1,113,255

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(a) LIBOR, SOFR, and BSBY are determined by individual lenders.

(b) Cross collateralized.

(c) Cross collateralized.

(d) No funding on the construction loan as of March 31, 2023.

(e) Includes debt subject to interest rate swap locks.

(f) Represents the fair value of additional ground lease payments at 1405 Point over the approximately 40-year remaining lease term.

As of March 31, 2023, we are in compliance with all loan covenants on our outstanding indebtedness.

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As of March 31, 2023, our scheduled principal payments and maturities during each of the next five years and thereafter are as follows ($ in thousands):

Year(1)(2) Amount Due Percentage of Total
2023 (excluding three months ended March 31, 2023) $ 7,366 1 %
2024 66,108 6 %
2025 55,995 5 %
2026 317,526 28 %
2027 266,561 24 %
Thereafter 403,868 36 %
Total $ 1,117,424 100 %

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(1) Does not reflect the effect of any maturity extension options.

(2) Includes debt incurred in connection with the development of properties.

Interest Rate Derivatives

As of March 31, 2023, we were party to the following LIBOR (to be transitioned to SOFR), SOFR, and BSBY (also to be transitioned to SOFR) interest rate cap agreements ($ in thousands):

Effective Date Maturity Date Strike Rate Notional Amount
3/4/2021 4/1/2023 2.50% (LIBOR) $ 14,479
11/1/2020 11/1/2023 1.84% (SOFR) 84,375
7/1/2022 1/1/2024 1.00%-3.00% (SOFR) (a) 50,000
7/5/2022 1/1/2024 1.00%-3.00% (SOFR) (a) 35,100
1/11/2022 2/1/2024 4.00% (BSBY) (b) 175,000
4/7/2022 2/1/2024 1.00%-3.00% (BSBY) (a) (b) 175,000
7/6/2022 3/1/2024 1.00%-3.00% (SOFR) (a) 200,000
9/1/2022 9/1/2024 1.00%-3.00% (SOFR) (a) 32,822 (c)
Total $ 766,776

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(a) We purchased interest rate caps at 1.00% and sold interest rate caps at 3.00%, resulting in interest rate cap corridors of 1.00% and 3.00%. The intended goal of these corridors is to provide a level of protection from the effect of rising interest rates and reduce the all-in cost of the derivative instrument.

(b) Effective April 4, 2023, these interest rate caps were terminated and replaced with a floating-to-fixed interest rate swap, effective April 3, 2023, with a notional amount of $175.0 million and SOFR rate of 1.84%. The interest rate swap will expire on February 1, 2024. We did not pay a premium for this transaction.

(c) Represents the notional amount as of March 31, 2023. The notional amount is scheduled to increase over the term of the corridor in accordance with projected borrowings on the associated loan. The maximum notional amount that will eventually be in effect is $73.6 million.

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As of March 31, 2023, we held the following interest rate swap agreements ($ in thousands):

Related Debt Notional Amount Index Swap Fixed Rate Debt effective rate Effective Date Expiration Date
Senior unsecured term loan $ 50,000 1-month LIBOR 2.78 % 4.08 % 5/1/2018 5/1/2023
Senior unsecured term loan 32,706 1-month SOFR (a) 2.17 % 3.47 % 4/1/2019 8/10/2023
Senior unsecured term loan 10,500 1-month LIBOR 3.02 % 4.32 % 10/12/2018 10/12/2023
Senior unsecured term loan 25,000 1-month LIBOR 0.50 % 1.80 % 4/1/2020 4/1/2024
Senior unsecured term loan 25,000 1-month LIBOR 0.50 % 1.80 % 4/1/2020 4/1/2024
Senior unsecured term loan 25,000 Daily SOFR (b) 0.44 % 1.74 % 4/1/2020 4/1/2024
Thames Street Wharf 68,969 1-month BSBY (c) 1.05 % 2.35 % 9/30/2021 9/30/2026
M&T unsecured term loan 100,000 1-month SOFR 3.50 % 4.80 % 12/6/2022 12/6/2027
Senior unsecured term loan 100,000 1-month SOFR 3.43 % 4.73 % 12/13/2022 1/21/2028
Total $ 437,175

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(a) Effective February 1, 2023, this swap was amended to reference the 1-month SOFR index. Prior to the amendment, the swap referenced the 1-month LIBOR index.

(b) Effective February 1, 2023, this swap was amended to reference the Daily SOFR index. Prior to the amendment, the swap referenced the 1-month LIBOR index.

(c) Effective April 3, 2023, this swap was amended to reference the Daily SOFR index with a fixed rate of 0.93%.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

In connection with certain of our real estate financing activities and equity method investments, we have made guarantees to pay portions of certain senior loans of third parties associated with the development projects. The following table summarizes the guarantees made by us as of March 31, 2023 (in thousands):

Development project Payment guarantee amount Guarantee liability
Interlock Commercial (a) $ 37,450 $ 386
Harbor Point Parcel 4 (b) 32,910 177
Total $ 70,360 $ 563

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(a) This guarantee is subject to cancellation pending completion of the acquisition of The Interlock.

(b) As of March 31, 2023, no amounts have been funded on this senior loan.

In connection with our Harbor Point Parcel 3 unconsolidated joint venture, we are responsible for providing a completion guarantee to the lender for this project.

Unfunded Loan Commitments

We may be a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financial needs of our borrowers. These commitments are not reflected on the consolidated balance sheet. As of March 31, 2023, our off-balance sheet arrangements consisted of $11.5 million of unfunded commitments of our notes receivable. We have recorded a $0.2 million credit loss reserve in conjunction with the total unfunded commitments. Such commitments are subject to our borrowers’ satisfaction of certain financial and nonfinancial covenants and involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets. The commitments may or may not be funded depending on a variety of circumstances including timing, credit metric hurdles, and other nonfinancial events occurring.

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Cash Flows

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022 Change
(in thousands)
Operating Activities $ 13,055 $ 30,582 $ (17,527)
Investing Activities (51,344) (137,624) 86,280
Financing Activities 22,860 106,085 (83,225)
Net Increase (decrease) $ (15,429) $ (957) $ (14,472)
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash, Beginning of Period $ 51,865 $ 40,443
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash, End of Period $ 36,436 $ 39,486

Net cash provided by operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2023 decreased $17.5 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022 primarily as a result of timing differences in operating assets and liabilities, partially offset by increased NOI from the property portfolio.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, net cash used in investing activities decreased $86.3 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022 primarily due to decreased development activity and less cash invested in the acquisition of operating properties.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, net cash provided by financing activities decreased $83.2 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022 primarily due to lower levels of net borrowings and the proceeds of a common stock offering received in the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We calculate FFO in accordance with the standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts ("Nareit"). Nareit defines FFO as net income (loss) (calculated in accordance with GAAP), excluding depreciation and amortization related to real estate, gains or losses from the sales of certain real estate assets, gains or losses from change in control, and impairment write-downs of certain real estate assets and investments in entities when the impairment is directly attributable to decreases in the value of depreciable real estate held by the entity.

FFO is a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure. Management uses FFO as a supplemental performance measure because we believe that FFO is beneficial to investors as a starting point in measuring our operational performance. Specifically, in excluding real estate related depreciation and amortization and gains and losses from property dispositions which do not relate to or are not indicative of operating performance, FFO provides a performance measure that, when compared period-over-period, captures trends in occupancy rates, rental rates, and operating costs.

However, because FFO excludes depreciation and amortization and captures neither the changes in the value of our properties that result from use or market conditions nor the level of capital expenditures and leasing commissions necessary to maintain the operating performance of our properties, all of which have real economic effects and could materially impact our results from operations, the utility of FFO as a measure of our performance is limited. In addition, other equity REITs may not calculate FFO in accordance with the Nareit definition as we do, and, accordingly, our calculation of FFO may not be comparable to such other REITs’ calculations of FFO. Accordingly, FFO should be considered only as a supplement to net income as a measure of our performance. FFO should not be used as a measure of our liquidity, nor is it indicative of funds available to fund our cash needs, including our ability to pay dividends or service indebtedness. Also, FFO should not be used as a supplement to or substitute for cash flow from operating activities computed in accordance with GAAP.

We also believe that the computation of FFO in accordance with Nareit’s definition includes certain items that are not indicative of the results provided by our operating property portfolio and affect the comparability of our period-over-period performance. Accordingly, management believes that Normalized FFO is a more useful performance measure that excludes certain items, including but not limited to, debt extinguishment losses and prepayment penalties, impairment of intangible assets and liabilities, property acquisition, development and other pursuit costs, mark-to-market adjustments for interest rate derivatives not designated as cash flow hedges, amortization of payments made to purchase interest rate caps designated as cash flow hedges, provision for unrealized non-cash credit losses, amortization of right-of-use assets attributable to finance leases, severance related costs, and other non-comparable items. Other equity REITs may not calculate Normalized FFO in the same manner as we do, and, accordingly, our Normalized FFO may not be comparable to such other REITs' Normalized FFO.

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The following table sets forth a reconciliation of FFO and Normalized FFO for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 to net income, the most directly comparable GAAP measure:

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022
(in thousands, except per share and unit amounts)
Net income attributable to common stockholders and OP Unitholders $ 2,376 $ 9,289
Depreciation and amortization (1) 18,245 18,285
FFO attributable to common stockholders and OP Unitholders 20,621 27,574
Acquisition, development and other pursuit costs — 11
Impairment of intangible assets and liabilities 102 47
Loss on extinguishment of debt — 158
Unrealized credit loss provision 77 605
Amortization of right-of-use assets - finance leases 277 278
Decrease (Increase) in fair value of derivatives not designated as cash flow hedges 3,807 (4,182)
Amortization of interest rate cap premiums on designated cash flow hedges 1,614 42
Normalized FFO available to common stockholders and OP Unitholders $ 26,498 $ 24,533
Net income attributable to common stockholders and OP Unitholders per diluted share and unit $ 0.03 $ 0.11
FFO attributable to common stockholders and OP Unitholders per diluted share and unit $ 0.23 $ 0.31
Normalized FFO attributable to common stockholders and OP Unitholders per diluted share and unit $ 0.30 $ 0.28
Weighted average common shares and units - diluted 88,398 87,749

________________________________________

(1) The adjustment for depreciation and amortization for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 exclude $0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively, of depreciation attributable to our joint venture partners.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements that have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to exercise our best judgment in making estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses. We base our estimates on historical experience and other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. We evaluate our estimates on an ongoing basis, based upon then-currently available information. Actual results could differ from these estimates. We discuss the accounting policies and estimates that are most critical to understanding our reported financial results in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

There have been no material changes to the Company's market risk since December 31, 2022. For a discussion of the Company's exposure to market risk, refer to the Company's market risk disclosure set forth in Part II, Item 7A, "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Item 4.    Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act is processed, recorded, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and regulations of the SEC and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the

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desired control objectives, and management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

We have carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, regarding the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2023, the end of the period covered by this report. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded, as of March 31, 2023, that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act: (i) is processed, recorded, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

There have been no changes to our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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Part II. Other Information

Item  1.    Legal Proceedings

We are not currently a party, as plaintiff or defendant, to any legal proceedings that we believe to be material or which, individually or in the aggregate, would be expected to have a material effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations if determined adversely to us. We may be subject to ongoing litigation relating to our portfolio and the properties comprising our portfolio, and we expect to otherwise be party from time to time to various lawsuits, claims, and other legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of our business.

Item 1A.    Risk Factors

There have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Item 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

None.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, certain of our employees surrendered shares of common stock owned by them to satisfy their minimum statutory federal and state tax obligations associated with the vesting of restricted shares of common stock issued under our Amended and Restated 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (the "Amended Plan"). The following table summarizes all of these repurchases during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Period Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) Average Price Paid for Shares(1) Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
January 1, 2023 through January 31, 2023 16,044 $ 11.50 N/A N/A
February 1, 2023 through February 28, 2023 — — N/A N/A
March 1, 2023 through March 31, 2023 71,469 12.89 N/A N/A
Total 87,513 $ 12.64

(1)The number of shares purchased represents shares of common stock surrendered by certain of our employees to satisfy their statutory minimum federal and state tax obligations associated with the vesting of restricted shares of common stock issued under the Amended Plan. With respect to these shares, the price paid per share is based on the fair value at the time of surrender.

Item 3.    Defaults on Senior Securities

None.

Item 4.    Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5.    Other Information

Not applicable.

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Item 6.    Exhibits

The exhibits listed in the accompanying Exhibit Index are filed, furnished or incorporated by reference (as applicable) as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Exhibit No. Description
3.1 Articles of Amendment and Restatement of Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3, filed on June 2, 2014).
3.2 Amended and Restated Bylaws of Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, filed on February 24, 2022).
3.3 Articles Supplementary Designating the Rights and Preferences of the 6.75% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on June 17, 2019).
3.4 Articles Supplementary relating to Section 3-802(c) of the Maryland General Corporation Law (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 24, 2020).
3.5 Articles Supplementary Designating Additional 6.75% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, dated March 6, 2020 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.10 to the Company’s Form S-3, filed on March 9, 2020).
3.6 Articles Supplementary Designating Additional 6.75% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, dated July 2, 2020 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on July 6, 2020).
3.7 Articles Supplementary Designating Additional 6.75% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, dated August 17, 2020 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on August 20, 2020).
31.1* Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2* Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1** Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2** Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101* The following materials from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2023, were formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
104* Cover page Interactive Data File - the cover page XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL.
* Filed herewith
** Furnished herewith

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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES, INC.
Date: May 10, 2023 /s/ Louis S. Haddad
Louis S. Haddad
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: May 10, 2023 /s/ Matthew T. Barnes-Smith
Matthew T. Barnes-Smith
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Corporate Secretary
(Principal Accounting and Financial Officer)

45

Document

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT

TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Louis S. Haddad, certify that:

1.    I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc.

2.    Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report.

3.    Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report.

4.    The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.    Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b.    Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c.    Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d.    Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

5.    The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a.    All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b.    Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 10, 2023 /s/ Louis S. Haddad
Louis S. Haddad
President and Chief Executive Officer

Document

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT

TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Matthew T. Barnes-Smith, certify that:

1.    I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc.

2.    Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report.

3.    Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report.

4.    The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.    Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b.    Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c.    Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d.    Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

5.    The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a.    All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b.    Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 10, 2023 /s/ Matthew T. Barnes-Smith
Matthew T. Barnes-Smith
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Corporate Secretary

Document

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION

The undersigned, Louis S. Haddad, the President and Chief Executive Officer of Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. (the “Company”), pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, hereby certifies that, to the best of his knowledge:

1.    the Quarterly Report for the period ended March 31, 2023 of the Company (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

2.    the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: May 10, 2023 /s/ Louis S. Haddad
Louis S. Haddad
President and Chief Executive Officer

Document

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION

The undersigned, Matthew T. Barnes-Smith, the Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. (the “Company”), pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, hereby certifies that, to the best of his knowledge:

1.    the Quarterly Report for the period ended March 31, 2023 of the Company (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

2.    the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: May 10, 2023 /s/ Matthew T. Barnes-Smith
Matthew T. Barnes-Smith
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Corporate Secretary

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