Earnings Call Transcript - AMG Q2 2022

Operator, Operator

Greetings, and welcome to the AMG Second Quarter 2022 Earnings Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A question-and-answer session will follow the formal presentation. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to your host, Ms. Anjali Aggarwal, Head of Investor Relations for AMG. Thank you. You may begin.

Anjali Aggarwal, Head of Investor Relations

Good morning and thank you for joining us today to discuss AMG's results for the second quarter of 2022. Before we begin, I'd like to remind you that during this call, we may make a number of forward-looking statements which could differ from our actual results materially, and AMG assumes no obligation to update these statements. A replay of today's call will be available on the Investor Relations section of our website, along with a copy of our earnings release and a reconciliation of any non-GAAP financial measures, including any earnings guidance announced on this call. In addition, we posted an updated investor presentation to our website this morning and encourage investors to consult our site regularly for updated information. With us today to discuss the company's results for the quarter are Jay Horgen, President and Chief Executive Officer; and Tom Wojcik, Chief Financial Officer. With that, I'll turn the call over to Jay.

Jay Horgen, President and CEO

Thanks, Anjali, and good morning, everyone. AMG's business proved resilient in the second quarter, delivering economic earnings per share in line with the year-ago quarter despite a significantly more challenging market and industry backdrop. Our results demonstrate the strength and efficacy of our business model. Through disciplined execution, we have evolved our business by increasing our exposures in areas of secular growth and further diversified and enhanced the resiliency of our earnings. Today, AMG is positioned to deliver differentiated business performance in all market environments, including the current one. The era of globally coordinated monetary policy has been replaced by inflationary pressures, rising rates, and increased geopolitical uncertainty, creating challenging economic conditions. Markets are reflecting these dynamics, and investors reduced risk in their portfolios in the first half of 2022. During the quarter, changes in client behavior resulted in elevated outflows in our equity strategies, particularly in global equities. However, given the impact of our capital decisions and our affiliates' investment performance, especially in liquid alternatives, our earnings per share grew in the first half of the year relative to the year-ago period. With our affiliates' strong investment results and momentum in our business, we expect continued strength in second-half earnings, which would result in annual growth on a per-share basis, highlighting our differentiated business profile and earnings power. As we've been saying for some time now, the market environment has fundamentally changed, and a new paradigm has formed. For the better part of the last decade, owning passive equities in a low-volatility rising market proved to be an effective strategy and allowed for complacency to set into portfolio construction. Today's increased market volatility underscores the imperative for investors to change course, rather than simply betting that markets and risk assets will continue to rise. Taking an active approach will be critical to achieving clients' goals and objectives. With the unprecedented combination of losses in equity and fixed income markets, we expect a sense of urgency among investors to review exposures and diversify into uncorrelated return streams. We are seeing early signs of this shift as evidenced by a significant uptick in industry flows into liquid alternatives this year, and a number of our affiliates are benefitting. We also continue to see broad-based fundraising strength in private markets across infrastructure, real estate, and credit. Our affiliates are generating inflows into ESG strategies, in sharp contrast to industry outflows. With 25% of our business in private markets, ESG, and wealth management, and another 25% in liquid alternatives, our overall positioning is distinctly advantaged given the current market dynamic. In addition, after a decade of underperformance, the significant outperformance of value has benefited AMG affiliates managing value-oriented strategies. The changing environment is creating significant opportunities to deliver excellent investment performance, and in many cases strong and recurring performance fee earnings. Today, our affiliates manage approximately $200 billion of assets under management that can generate performance fees across absolute return, private markets, and data-sensitive strategies, reflecting significant diversity in their contribution to our earnings. As long-time shareholders know, performance fee earnings have been a steady and reliable contributor to our annual results. Given that our affiliates continue to generate strong and differentiated investment performance in these attractive areas, especially in absolute return, relative value, and trend-following strategies, our earnings power has increased as asset levels have grown. We see a significant opportunity for earnings growth in 2022 and going forward. More broadly, our business is based on providing solutions to independent asset management firms by aligning their founders and owners with our shareholders through unique partnership structures. By actively collaborating with our affiliates to magnify their efforts, we align AMG's capital and capabilities with their growth opportunities and act as a catalyst for further growth as they execute on their respective business plans. AMG's business model is uniquely advantaged in this respect. We have the ability to shape our business and scale our earnings power through investments in new affiliates operating in areas of secular growth, direct investments in existing affiliates, including in new products and strategies, and investments in AMG capabilities to accelerate our affiliates' growth. In periods of volatility and dislocation, like the current environment, we expect to see an even greater number of high-quality investment opportunities. While these opportunities may take several quarters to fully develop, we expect that our competitive position will become increasingly clear. As we execute our strategy investing in areas of secular growth, including in private markets, liquid alternatives, wealth management, Asia, and ESG, our partnership approach continues to resonate with the highest-quality partner-owned investment firms. The current environment is particularly favorable to us as low-conviction buyers are increasingly stepping back. In addition, through our ongoing dialogue with prospective affiliates, we are seeing a shift in the way some high-quality firms evaluate their forward paths. In today's environment, many firms are ascribing an even greater value to having an engaged, aligned strategic partner like AMG. This evolving dynamic further enhances AMG's competitive position and increases the probability of success in executing new affiliate partnerships. Alongside the expected expansion of our opportunity set, I want to underscore our commitment to a disciplined and analytical capital allocation framework. Capital decisions are fundamental to our strategy, and our allocation discipline is simple. We evaluate every opportunity on a risk-adjusted basis, factoring in the impact of the investment on our business, cash flows, and franchise. These capital decisions require judgment, and we have evolved our organizational structure to ensure that our capital allocation discipline is embedded across all elements of our process and culture. As we apply this discipline, we generally expect to have excess capital that we can return to shareholders. Over the past three years, in addition to investing more than $1 billion in growth initiatives, our capital allocation framework has resulted in a 25% reduction in share count, including nearly 5% already retired this year. The combination of AMG's unique opportunity set and our discipline in allocating capital will increasingly differentiate our value creation over time. Finally, as discussed, the market environment has fundamentally changed. Given AMG's and our affiliates' track record of success in periods of market dislocation, we are energized by our enhanced forward opportunity set and confident in our ability to create substantial value for our shareholders. And with that, I'll turn it over to Tom to review the details of the quarter.

Tom Wojcik, CFO

Thank you, Jay, and good morning, everyone. Against the backdrop of a changing market environment, AMG's unique partnership model and disciplined approach to capital allocation again contributed to the resilience of our financial results. Our earnings this quarter and our expectations for the full year evidence AMG's ability to utilize the comparative advantages inherent in our business model to deliver earnings stability and growth, positively differentiating our results. Market drawdowns impact asset managers in different ways, and AMG's unique advantages position us well to outperform in challenging markets. You are seeing exactly that, as affiliate performance and associated performance fee earnings, continued investments in new and existing affiliates, and the impact of share repurchases position AMG to deliver growth in earnings per share. Turning to our second quarter results, economic earnings per share were $4.03, in line with last year's quarterly results as new investment activity and share repurchases offset the impact of markets, foreign exchange rates, and net flows. Net client cash outflows were $11 billion. Excluding certain quantitative strategies, net outflows were $6 billion. These flows were primarily a result of redemptions in global equities, while we saw continued strong demand in private markets, liquid alternatives, and ESG strategies. Turning to performance across our business and excluding certain quantitative strategies, we saw another strong quarter for our alternatives businesses, with $6 billion in net inflows, led by private markets with $5 billion. Illiquid fundraising strength was broad-based across our affiliates and their diverse book of strategies this quarter, with inflows at Pantheon, Comvest, EIG, and Abacus. Performance in these strategies remains excellent, and the mix of equity, credit, real estate, infrastructure, and secondary capabilities creates ongoing fundraising stability and provides a stable source of long-duration management fees and the potential for future carried interest. These businesses continue to demonstrate excellent growth characteristics. We remain active on the investment side, both in terms of product development and new investments to continue to add to and diversify our private market capabilities. Demand for liquid alternatives continued with approximately $1 billion of net inflows in the second quarter. The volatility and correlation in traditional equity and fixed income markets has led many investors to seek alternative sources of return and diversification. Our liquid alternative managers, including Systematica, Capula, and Garda, are delivering outstanding performance with many strategies producing meaningfully positive returns for clients. The strong performance we are seeing in this category supports our positive outlook for earnings this year and continued momentum for these products. We believe we are in the early days of clients repositioning portfolios with diversification and stability in mind after a period of complacency, and we expect liquid alternatives to be well positioned for future inflows. Turning to active equities, it was a challenging quarter for our industry as flow activity was impacted by elevated market volatility which resulted in significant client de-risking across a broad range of strategies. Within global equities, we experienced net outflows of $9.8 billion which mirrored much of what we have seen more broadly in terms of client behavior with the greatest pressure coming in growth strategies. Long-term performance remained strong with 81% of global equity AUM outperforming benchmarks over the 10-year period. Our seasoned high-quality affiliates are well-positioned to deliver strong outcomes for clients. In U.S. equities, we saw net outflows of $1.7 billion in the quarter as client de-risking was partially offset by strength in ESG strategies. We have continued to see strong demand for sustainable and impact strategies and are well-positioned to benefit from this long-term secular trend. Performance in U.S. equities remains excellent with a continued outperformance of value benefiting many of our strategies, including at Yacktman, River Road, and Frontier. Finally, multi-asset and fixed income strategies experienced net outflows of $500 million in the quarter. This was largely a result of outflows in fixed income consistent with broader industry trends. Now turning to financials, for the second quarter adjusted EBITDA of $213 million including $7 million of net performance fee earnings was down 6% year-over-year primarily driven by lower performance fee earnings as new investment activity largely offset markets and FX. Economic earnings per share of $4.03 were in line year-over-year benefiting from share repurchase activity. Moving to specific modeling items, we expect third quarter adjusted EBITDA to be approximately $210 million including net performance fee earnings in line with second quarter levels. This is based on current AUM levels reflecting our market blend which was up 5% quarter-to-date as of Friday, offsetting the impact of the second quarter drawdown in equity markets. For the second quarter, our shared interest expense was $27 million and controlling interest depreciation was $2 million. We expect each of these items to remain at a similar level for the third quarter. Our share of reported amortization and impairments was $43 million for the second quarter. We expect it to be approximately $40 million in the third quarter. Our effective GAAP and cash tax rates were 25% and 16%, respectively, for the second quarter. We expect GAAP and cash tax rates to be at similar levels in the third quarter. Intangible-related deferred taxes were $13 million this quarter. We expect the third quarter to be at a similar level. Other economic items were negative $5 million in the second quarter, which included the mark-to-market impact on GP and seed capital investments. In the third quarter for modeling purposes, we don't expect any material other economic items excluding any mark-to-market impact on GP and seed. Our adjusted weighted average share count for the second quarter was 39.9 million and we expect our share count to be approximately 39.4 million for the third quarter. I also want to make a couple of comments on our positioning for full-year 2022 earnings. Notwithstanding the severity of the market drawdown in the first half of the year, our economic earnings per share grew nearly 5% over that time period, as capital allocated to new investments and share repurchases and the overall diversity and performance of our business more than offset the impact of markets. Given the strong year-to-date performance at our absolute return liquid alternatives managers, we expect full-year earnings per share in 2022 to be above those we generated in 2021, further evidencing AMG's unique strengths. We have also added a new page to our investor deck that illustrates the diversity and stability of our historical performance fee earnings. We have seen strong earnings contributions across all periods, averaging 10% of our earnings each year across a combination of absolute return, beta-oriented, and private market strategies, with asymmetry generally to the upside. We expect to be above that 10% level this year given the diversity of our business and assuming current performance levels. Over the past decade, we have generated approximately $1 billion in total performance fee earnings, and that stable and recurring stream of earnings is highly valuable to our shareholders. Finally, turning to the balance sheet and capital allocation, our balance sheet is in excellent position and remains a significant source of strength as we look to generate incremental shareholder value. In the second quarter, we retired $125 million of equity and equity-linked securities, including $80 million of share repurchases and $45 million of 5.15% convertible debt securities below par. We now expect to repurchase at least $400 million of shares for the full year. As always, these expectations remain subject to market conditions and new investment activity. They are also subject to the timing of the close of the Baring transaction, which is on track to close by year-end. As a reminder, the significant capital generated from Baring is incremental to our 2022 guidance and will drive future earnings growth as it is deployed. We expect approximately 40% of the proceeds to fund taxes, transaction fees, and debt pay down and will deploy 60% into growth investments and share repurchases. As Jay discussed, we are committed to being analytical and disciplined as we make capital allocation decisions. Our approach to investing in the growth of our business is intentional. We generate a substantial amount of cash. We have a diverse set of growth opportunities available to us, investments in new affiliates, innovating alongside our existing affiliates, and investing in AMG capabilities. After making these growth investments, we will then return excess capital through share repurchases and managing our leverage as evidenced once again this quarter. Looking ahead, we view the current market environment as an opportunity to further press our competitive advantages and position the business for long-term growth. The fundamentally changing environment further reinforces our conviction in our strategy and positions us to deliver compound earnings growth and generate long-term value for our shareholders. Now we're happy to take your questions.

Operator, Operator

Thank you. At this time, we'll be conducting a question-and-answer session. Thank you. Our first question comes from the line of Dan Fannon with Jefferies. Please proceed with your question.

Dan Fannon, Analyst

Thank you. Good morning. I wanted to ask about the outlook for the second half of the year, especially since the performance fee numbers appear to be quite strong. Typically, based on your guidance, we would expect this to be a fourth quarter event. Given that it's August 1, is there a contractual component that gives you increased confidence? You usually don’t provide such positive guidance this early for what may be a fourth quarter outcome. Could you provide more details about the strategies and the firms? Additionally, you mentioned absolute return; does that include the quantitative firms that have recently improved but had previously been struggling?

Jay Horgen, President and CEO

Good morning, Dan. Thank you for your questions; nice to hear from you. Tom, why don't you start, and then I'll add. I think there's a couple of different sub-questions in there, and I think we can address all of them.

Tom Wojcik, CFO

Sure. Thanks, Jay, and thanks, Dan. So, Dan, let me talk a little bit about performance fee earnings. As I referenced in my prepared remarks, we did include a new slide in our investor materials, and I'll talk more about that as well. Performance fee earnings are a really important part of our business. They provide us diversification, they provide significant cash generation that enables us to execute on our growth strategy. Given the diversity of our affiliates in our investment strategy, they're a real differentiator for AMG, particularly in times of market dislocation. And to your question, it's not a contractual thing or a specific outcome that is giving us confidence in the year; it's really the breadth and the excellence of performance across the breadth of our business that's giving us confidence, and then being able to kind of project the way we think the year will likely shake out. As I mentioned, this quarter we added a new page to our material that really highlights that stability and diversity of our performance fee earnings over time. As you know, Dan, our industry does tend to discount performance fee earnings given there's often a lot of volatility. For many firms, there's one or two products that tend to drive the majority of performance fees, and I think this page really underscores the fact that AMG is just different. The breadth that we have is incredibly unique; the diversity and the variable nature of just the types of businesses we have is really unique in our industry. Importantly, all of our performance fee earnings are reported on a realized basis, so that's real cash to us. They're spread across more than a dozen affiliates, and really a multiple of that in terms of the individual products that are managed by those affiliates. So, it's a really durable earnings stream. Over the course of the past decade or so, we've seen performance fee earnings average about 10% of our overall earnings. The asymmetry there has generally been to the upside. We expect that in 2022 we're going to see another above-average year driven by absolute return performance despite the challenging market environment. Now, to your point, look, there's still some time left this year, so we know that there's a lot that can happen. Broadly speaking, we feel very confident in the level of our fee earnings given the breadth and diversity of the strategies that are contributing, and let me talk a little bit about that. We have about $200 billion of performance fee earnings eligible AUM really across three big buckets, and they tend to complement each other across market cycles. The one that you referenced is absolute return strategies; that's businesses like Systematica, like Garda, like Capula, and also like AQR, to your question around quantitative strategies, where exceptionally strong performance is resulting in significant potential performance fee earnings, not only in 2022 but also as we think about the long-term as these businesses continue to grow. I would say broadly, improving high watermark dynamics across some of our quantitative strategies is contributing to our outlook as well here. The second bucket is private markets, where you know we're investing for long-term growth, and we're building a significant carried interest bank there that we think is going to be a really important longer-term opportunity for us. We're going to continue to expand our presence there, not only through new investments but also through product development at our existing affiliates. Lastly, data-sensitive strategies, obviously, that's going to be a little bit more challenging this year, which again speaks to that diversity where we have a lot of different engines that can fire at different times. But when you look at the last 10 years, data-sensitive has been a huge contributor. So, taking a step back, over the last decade, we've generated more than $1 billion in cash flows from performance fee earnings that significantly enhanced our capital position; it's benefited our shareholders through executing on our growth strategy and through repurchases. It's really another reason why our earnings and cash flow profile tend to be more stable and durable in volatile times than many others. I think, hopefully, that addresses a number of your questions. And, Jay, I think you wanted to add something more as well.

Jay Horgen, President and CEO

Yes, thanks, Tom; that was a good summary. Look, Dan, it is the case that we have good performance. I think we've also got good business momentum here. We are constructively looking to the second half with that business momentum as well as the performance, saying we're positive on the outlook for the rest of the year. Just commenting a moment on the business momentum, and I said it in my prepared remarks: 25% of the business in private markets, ESG, and wealth, and another 25% in liquid alternatives. Our overall positioning is very advantaged, certainly relative to other periods where really everything was growth-oriented, and the liquid alternatives segment was not really expressing itself. You’re seeing, in 2022, the liquid alternatives concentration adding to our earnings flow. Another thing that I think we've talked about in prior calls, but I'll revisit again is value equities. Our long-only book, in general, has a value orientation. As we've seen, value has outperformed significantly this year. Clients, as they think about their allocations, we think they will increasingly look to more value-oriented strategies, which is going to benefit a number of our affiliates, including AQR, but also Yacktman, River Road, Tweedy, and Veritas. We are very constructive on the portion of our business that's long-only equities as well. To make a finer point, the impact of our capital allocation strategy is notable this year. Clearly, investment in new affiliates are contributing, but also the excess capital returned through repurchases, having done already about 5% year-to-date. All of those things together are the reasons why we've made the comments on the second half.

Operator, Operator

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Craig Siegenthaler with Bank of America. Please proceed with your question.

Craig Siegenthaler, Analyst

Hey, good morning, everyone. My question is on the M&A pipeline. I was curious to see how the pipeline has evolved year-to-date. Also, how are your conversations going with some of these targets? Are they looking to take a step back and pause just given AUM levels? An update on the M&A pipeline would be helpful. Thank you, guys.

Jay Horgen, President and CEO

Yes, thanks, Craig. That's a good question. Maybe I'll just connect it to the prepared remark. What we see is that the setup has been, for the last couple of quarters that the environment really has changed or is changing. The more challenging environment that we're in, I think, is constructive for AMG because we have a proven track record of capitalizing on new investment opportunities in periods just like this. Our strategy of providing solutions to independent partner-owned firms and acting as a catalyst to support their growth initiatives operates across all market cycles because independent firms are always in need of solutions and strategic support. So, taking a step back before I specifically talk about the pipeline: at the end of a growth cycle, people talk about inorganic growth or acquisitions. We're no longer in that growth cycle, so just ponder that for a moment. We're in a more challenging environment, but that's where AMG shines because of our commitment to our strategy in periods of market dislocation and volatility. We see a more favorable environment for investing in independent firms today for several reasons. The first is that the buyer universe is changing. Opportunistic buyers tend to step aside in these environments. Consolidators become inwardly focused on their strategy, often freezing inorganic growth plans. Even well-capitalized financial buyers become more conservative. The second thing that's going on is that the needs of independent firms have become more acute, and therefore they're more motivated. We're seeing independent firms seeking a partner to support their business goals, whether it’s growth capital, distribution, strategic advice, or just a strong reputable partner. We think independent firms are looking to take advantage of the benefits of an engaged institutional partner like AMG to differentiate themselves in these types of environments. Finally, environments like this generally offer a more constructive environment for pricing and structure, which we think benefits our shareholders. Taking all of these things together, we believe the positive dynamics will increase our success rate with high-quality firms and structures that are attractive to our shareholders. Our current pipeline broadly reflects our growth strategy to invest in firms in areas of secular growth. We have a representation of businesses operating in illiquid and liquid alternatives; ESG, Asia, and wealth, all in our pipeline today. Not all of these conversations will lead to new partnerships, but a number will, and we are excited about the resulting enhanced business mix, which will lead to better organic growth as we execute on these transactions. To summarize, we are pleased with our current pipeline and expect to be able to deploy capital in one or several of these opportunities.

Operator, Operator

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Brian Bedell with Deutsche Bank. Please proceed with your question.

Brian Bedell, Analyst

Hi, thanks. Good morning, folks. Great answers to the last few questions that those are mine as well. But let me expand on that second one, Jay, if I can, on the investment opportunities in the pipeline, given how you've described it, in this new environment, which may last for a while in terms of how managements of potential investments may be thinking about partnering. If you really do see an acceleration of that desire, and you can create good investment opportunities, both on pricing and as strategically additive, would that shift your capital allocation strategy oriented more towards fulfilling those investments as opposed to buyback? Would you end up pausing on buyback if that pipeline looked like it was going to come to fruition, even with the markets down here?

Jay Horgen, President and CEO

Yes, good question, Brian, and good morning to you. Let me start. I will turn it over to Tom after I give a little more color on the opportunity set. The short answer to your question is we're going to do both; we will make investments in new and existing affiliates, and we're also going to return capital to shareholders. Generally speaking, we have a lot of capital and a very strong balance sheet. Tom was going to elaborate further on that, but maybe to get one layer deeper on the investment opportunities and pipeline, I think this has been building over the last five, seven years, maybe it's been over the last one to two decades, independent firms want to stay independent, generally speaking, but they need help. Our three decades of experience, our track record with helping our affiliates both strategically and through distribution efforts, that's our differentiating advantage in the marketplace today. You can have your cake and eat it too. We will leave you alone. It's your business. We're going to support your goals. But we're also going to try to help, and I think we're getting better at that each day that goes by, and we’ve proven that over a longer period of time. We are starting to lean into it from an engagement perspective and from a distribution perspective. When we look at our current pipeline, we are very excited about the opportunity not only to structure at attractive levels but we’re also excited about the growth we might be able to help our affiliates achieve once we partner with those firms. Nearly everyone in our pipeline needs help. Some of the firms in our pipeline are also succession-oriented transactions. The demographic need for partners to solve that age-old problem with succession continues to be addressed effectively by us. It’s a minority of the pipeline today, though. Moving to your capital question, I won’t steal Tom's thunder here. But I would just say over the past three years, we’ve put out over a billion dollars into growth investments, and it’s much more than that into repurchases. Balancing will probably be 50:50 or 60:40 one way or another, but there is a lot of capital to return to shareholders.

Tom Wojcik, CFO

Yes, thanks, Jay, and thanks for your question, Brian. As Jay and I both talked about in our prepared remarks, capital is incredibly valuable to us and our shareholders. We take a very disciplined approach to where we are going to allocate that capital. We know the value we can create if we allocate our capital efficiently and to the best places to ultimately drive long-term value. There is nothing we debate culturally more so internally than where to put our capital. It's hugely important to the shape of our business and executing on our strategy. As you know, our business is highly diversified. Our P&L has significant structural advantages in the context of market volatility, and you are seeing that play out in the resilience of our earnings. That translates into strong and recurring cash flows for our business. Our strong balance sheet is flexible and long-duration, and that's going to be advanced with a significant amount of additional liquidity that will come post the close of the Baring transaction. Taken together, as Jay said, that enables us to be opportunistic in terms of investing for growth where we see great opportunities while also being disciplined to ensure we get that right combination of investing for long-term growth. But we’ll also prioritize returning excess capital to shareholders through both repurchases and managing our leverage. We have repurchased $80 million of shares this quarter, targeting full-year repurchases of at least $400 million. We continue to monitor the market regarding the Baring transaction. This represents significant capital of about a billion dollars pretax, entirely incremental to our 2022 guidance and will drive earnings growth as we deploy it in the future. Look, it will take us some time to put that capital to work as the new investment pipeline develops, but we see a tremendous opportunity for both growth investments and returning capital to shareholders at a very attractive valuation, putting us in a unique position to deliver long-term compounded earnings growth.

Operator, Operator

Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, that concludes our question-and-answer session. I'll turn the floor back to Mr. Horgen for any final comments.

Jay Horgen, President and CEO

Thank you all, again, for joining us this morning. As you heard, we are pleased with AMG's second quarter results. Given our strong business momentum, we're confident in our ability to generate earnings growth in 2022, as well as compounded growth over the long term. We look forward to speaking with you next quarter.

Operator, Operator

Thank you. This concludes today's conference. You may disconnect your lines at this time. Thank you for your participation.