6-K
UBS AG (AMUB)
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_________________
FORM 6-K
REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE
ISSUER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16 UNDER
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Date: October 1, 2025
UBS Group AG
(Registrant's Name)
Bahnhofstrasse 45, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
(Address of principal executive office)
Commission File Number: 1-36764
UBS AG
(Registrant's Name)
Bahnhofstrasse 45, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
Aeschenvorstadt 1, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
(Address of principal executive offices)
Commission File Number: 1-15060
Indicate by check mark whether the registrants file or will file annual
reports under cover of Form
20-F or Form 40-
F.
Form 20-F
☒
Form 40-F
☐
This Form 6-K consists of the speech and Q&A transcripts of the presentation
that took place on
September 30, 2025, that immediately follow this page.
1
UBS’s response to 6 June 2025
Capital Adequacy Ordinance
(CAO) consultation
30 September 2025
Speeches by
Sergio P.
Ermotti
, Group Chief Executive Officer,
and
Todd
Tuckner
,
Group Chief Financial
Officer
Including analyst
Q&A session
Transcript.
Presentation and webcast
replay is available
at www.ubs.com/presentations
Sergio P.
Ermotti
Slide 2 – Key messages
Thank you, Sarah and good morning,
everyone.
Today
we
would
like
to
briefly
highlight
key
points
from
our
submission
to
the
Capital
Adequacy
Ordinance
consultation.
We
want
to
contribute
to
an
informed
discussion
based
on
facts
and
I
remain
hopeful
for
the
adoption
of
a
reasonable solution – one that ultimately benefits all of
the stakeholders, including Switzerland.
We believe our submission
is comprehensive, so
we will keep
our remarks short
as the purpose
of this call
is to take
questions or provide clarifications on our position.
With respect
to the
proposal to fully
deduct investments
in foreign subsidiaries
from CET1 capital,
we will
comment
in more detail at the end of the consultation period
which began last week.
To
re-iterate what we have
said several times since
the acquisition of Credit
Suisse over two years
ago, in principle,
we fully
support the further
strengthening of
regulation based on
lessons learned from
the events leading
up to
March 2023, provided the amendments are targeted,
proportionate and internationally aligned,
and duly consider
the actual root causes of Credit Suisse’s collapse, including
the significant regulatory concessions.
Unfortunately,
the
proposals
on
capital
requirements,
both
at
the
ordinance
and
law
level,
do
not
meet
these
standards.
These
proposals
would
unduly
penalize
UBS,
which
has
operated
without regulatory
concessions and
was
in
a
position to credibly step
in and rescue Credit
Suisse, contributing to the stability of
the Swiss and global
financial
systems in March of 2023.
2
One critical shortcoming of the proposals is
that they don’t differentiate between going-concern capital and loss-
absorbing capacity in recovery
and resolution. This
disregards the availability of
other loss-absorbing instruments,
which in our case amount to 20 billion in
AT1 and 100 billion in loss absorbing debt.
Slide 3 – UBS supports in principle enhancing regulation
As you can see, we support or broadly support all the
initiatives in principle, except for those related to capital.
Our sustainable
and diversified
business model,
and strong
capital and
liquidity positions,
contribute
to the
resilience
of
the
Swiss
financial
center,
and
are
complemented
by
a
credible
recovery
and
resolution
plan
that
we
have
developed over many years.
We
continue to
support efforts
to
further
enhance our
resolvability,
although some
important clarifications
are
needed.
Slide 4 – Sum of the proposed capital measures is by far
the strictest regime among peers
This
chart
illustrates
why
we
believe
the
proposed
capital
measures
go
well
beyond
the
global
norms,
despite
intentions to align with international
standards.
It also shows that while some regimes are more demanding than others on
certain elements, they compensate for
that in other areas, resulting in a more balanced capital regime.
That is why it is critical to look at the full regulatory picture
and not just isolated components.
Slide 5
– Proposed
capital measures
are extreme
and would
make UBS
a pronounced
outlier, while also
understating
its CET1 ratio
This
chart
illustrates
how
the
proposed
changes
would
significantly
undermine
our
competitive
position
when
comparing minimum requirements.
The Swiss regime, particularly after the full
implementation of Basel 3, is one of
the strictest globally.
Due to this,
our current regulatory requirements are already much higher than peers on a like-for-like basis.
So our current true
minimum on a
comparative basis is
therefore actually closer to
16%, which is
well above peers,
many of which have a much higher risk profile.
No matter how
CET1 capital ratios
are presented, the
legislative proposals still
result in an
increase of around
24
billion in CET1 capital.
And equity is the most expensive form of financing.
Considering that UBS’s cost of equity, as determined by the market, has remained stable at around
10% over the
last ten years, this level of capital overshooting
is not something we can accept.
With that, I hand over to Todd who will take you through our position in more detail.
3
Todd
Tuckner
Slide 6 – CAO proposals would unduly eliminate ~11bn
of CET1 capital at Group level
Thanks Sergio. Let me dive a bit deeper into the
ordinance proposals and how we framed our response.
It is
important to
re-iterate that,
in addition
to being
excessive and
misaligned with
international standards,
the
proposals fail to address the key lessons learned at Credit
Suisse’s parent bank, which was the stated intention of
the Swiss Federal Council’s proposals from the beginning.
If adopted as
proposed, the ordinance changes,
which I’ll cover
momentarily, would eliminate around 11
billion, or
12%, of Group equity as eligible capital.
By contrast, at the parent company
level, the ordinance proposals would
erode 3 billion , or 3%, of UBS AG’s standalone equity
as eligible capital.
Slide 7 – Full deduction of capitalized software lacks regulatory
and economic justification
Turning to slide 7 and starting with capitalized software.
The use and development of software is fundamental to how banks operate and compete. Software supports the
running
of
daily
operations,
augments
a
bank’s
risk
control
environment,
enhances
the
client
experience
and
enables strategic transformation.
Generally
speaking,
software,
whether
purchased
or
internally developed,
is
commonly
capitalized on
a
bank’s
balance sheet to reflect future economic benefits and
is amortized over its expected life.
The proposals would entirely
remove capitalized software from
regulatory capital, thereby ignoring
the importance
of software as a strategic competitive differentiator for a
financial institution like UBS.
Even during periods
of severe stress,
software assets maintain
their utility and
remain essential for
serving clients
and preserving the value of the franchise.
In this light,
Credit Suisse’s capitalized
software assets retained
their economic and
accounting value throughout
its crisis. It
was only upon
the acquisition
by UBS and
our decision to
migrate retained Credit
Suisse businesses
onto
UBS’s existing systems that partial write-downs were required.
Additionally, a full deduction
of capitalized
software from regulatory
capital would
be misaligned
with international
standards, ultimately impeding on UBS’s competitiveness.
Only
a
handful
of
jurisdictions
apply
such
an
extreme
approach,
mainly
because
capitalized
software
in
those
jurisdictions
is
generally
treated
as
an
intangible
asset
for
financial
reporting
purposes.
On
the
other
hand,
capitalized software is afforded full
regulatory capital credit in the US
to align with its accounting treatment. And
in the EU, capitalized
software counts as
regulatory capital and
is required to be
amortized over a
three-year period
regardless of the applicable financial reporting treatment.
Slide 8 – Deduction of
temporary difference DTAs (TD DTAs) would be misaligned with all other major
jurisdictions
and would not reflect realizable asset value
Turning to DTAs on slide 8. The proposal
– to fully deduct
from regulatory capital –
deferred tax assets arising
from
temporary differences
is without
precedent. No
peer jurisdiction
– whether
the EU,
UK, or
US –
applies such
extreme
treatment.
Temporary
difference DTAs
are very common
across banks and
apply to a
wide variety of situations
whereby the
expense for
financial reporting
purposes precedes
the timing
of the
deduction for
tax purposes.
Common examples
include charges for credit
losses, deferred compensation and
litigation where the tax
benefit comes later in
time,
thereby informing an asset on the balance sheet.
4
To
mitigate risks
in ultimately
realizing their
value, international
standards already
limit the
recognition of
these
assets to 10% of regulatory capital and apply risk-weights
of 250%.
The
argument
that
the
current
regulatory
capital
treatment
of
temporary
difference
DTAs
is
pro-cyclical
is
not
supported
by
the
facts.
The
DTA
write-downs
at
Credit
Suisse
were
not
caused
by
flaws
in
the
regulatory
framework, but
rather were
a result
of management
decisions to
substantially restructure
Credit Suisse’s
investment
bank.
The majority of
UBS’s temporary
difference deferred tax assets
are linked to our
core wealth management
business
in the
US. And
these have
proven to
be resilient,
even in
times of
financial stress.
Moreover,
our fundamentally
different business model in contrast to Credit Suisse makes similar write-downs
of our DTAs highly unlikely.
Slide 9 – PVA measures should not be based on business combination accounting
Finally, turning to slide
9 on
PVAs. Prudential valuation
adjustments reflect
an uncertainty
overlay in
a bank’s
capital
relating to difficult-to-value securities and derivatives.
The Federal Council justifies stricter treatment
of PVAs
by referencing the
extensive security position write-downs
on Credit
Suisse’s balance
sheet at
the close
of the
acquisition. We
believe this
argumentation is
incorrect. The
write downs reflected
purchase price allocation adjustments that
UBS considered appropriate as
part of standard
acquisition accounting.
PVAs
are designed
to account
for valuation
uncertainty in
ongoing business
operations and
should therefore
be
viewed in
the context of
our Level 3
asset profile. Today,
our holdings amount
to only
one-tenth of what
Credit
Suisse and UBS
reported on a
pro-forma basis in
- Since 2Q23,
through the run-down
of our Non-core
and
Legacy portfolio we have further
reduced Level 3 assets by around 60%
to 16 billion, which is less
than 1% of our
total balance
sheet. The
proposed PVA measures
do not
reflect the progress
UBS has
made in
substantially reducing
the valuation uncertainty on its balance sheet.
Finally, a brief word on AT1. AT1
instruments play an essential role in
a crisis. The fact that
UBS was able to restart
AT1 issuances with strong
demand soon
after the rescue
of Credit Suisse
is evidence
of investor
confidence in
these
instruments, including importantly under
the current Swiss regime and notwithstanding Credit Suisse events.
We
support steps
to further
strengthen AT1
instruments as
an effective
recovery tool,
provided
reforms remain
consistent with established international
practice. Our principal concern
with the current proposal is the automatic
suspension
of
AT1
coupon payments
after
four
consecutive
quarters
of
cumulative losses,
regardless
of
capital
strength. We believe
a more appropriate
and transparent approach
is to link
any restriction on interest
payments
to the breach of a clearly pre-defined capital ratio trigger.
Slide 10 – TBTF regulatory process
As you can
see from the
timeline on slide
10, the regulatory
process remains ongoing
with the Federal
Council’s
publication of final ordinance changes expected by mid-next year at
the latest. The consultation on proposed law
changes relating to
foreign participations
is just underway
and is set
to conclude
early next year, with
parliamentary
deliberations expected to extend into 2027.
Given the
wide range
of potential
outcomes, it
is premature
to discuss
mitigating actions
at this
stage. We
will
share details of our
plans once there is sufficient
clarity – ideally on
the basis of a
balanced and reasonable solution
when compared to that contained in the current series
of proposals.
With that let’s open-up for Q&A.
5
Analyst Q&A (CEO
and CFO)
Giulia Aurora Miotto, Morgan Stanley
Yes,
hi, good morning. Thank you for the
presentation and the document. It's very
clear.
I have two questions.
The first
one, so
you make
a very
strong point
as to
why this
is not
internationally aligned, but
if Switzerland
doesn't change
anything, would
you consider
moving headquarters?
There have been
several articles
in the press
on this topic. Thank you.
And
the
second
question
is
about
what
would
be
an
acceptable
solution
for
you,
especially
on
the
foreign
subsidiary point? Thank you.
Sergio P.
Ermotti
Well, thank you, Giulia. I'm sorry to disappoint you, but I'm not really in a position to answer this question. First
of
all,
you
know,
as
I
mentioned, and
we
mentioned many
times,
our
ultimate goal
is
to
have
a
reasonable
solution out of
this political
process so that
we can continue
to compete
as a global
bank out of
Switzerland with
our current business
model. So, we're
not going to
enter into any
speculations or commenting even
on media
articles or representations about our intentions to take any
steps in that sense.
And also,
in respect
of, let me
point out
once again that
this is
not a
negotiation and I'm
hearing all the
time
that we should compromise
or we should be willing
to compromise. Well, as you
can hear and see that
our tone
and approach to these
topics are constructive. We do
recognize that there are
lessons to be learned out of the
Credit
Suisse
crisis,
but
they
need
to
be
comprehensive
and
they
need
to
be
balanced
and
they
need
to
be
internationally aligned. So,
in my
point of
view,
if they
fulfill those
requirements in
a balanced
way,
then it
is
what it is and
we would see that as
a balanced outcome. But a compromise
is usually something that happens
between two people negotiating, and which
we are not a party on any negotiation.
Giulia Aurora Miotto, Morgan Stanley
Thank you.
Chris Hallam, Goldman Sachs
Yes.
Good morning, everybody,
two questions. First, when do you expect
to get confirmation on the transition
period for
the initial
deductions on
software, DTAs,
PVAs?
Do you
expect to
have that
by the
time of
fourth
quarter results in order to be
able to guide for 2026 capital planning and capital distribution because
I suppose
that’s really a, you know reflects your Jan 1
st
2027 capital position?
And then second, I guess
slightly differently on the AT1's I suppose one peculiarity
of the proposal is that a well-
capitalized but a
less profitable bank would
be disincentivized to
undertake the required restructuring
to fix their
business because of that four quarter look-back proposal, you
know, that clearly has echoes, I
guess, of the CS
failure. That feels fairly illogical
intuitively. So, what's your sense on the probability that
that is the end state that
we get to on Swiss AT1’s?
6
Sergio P.
Ermotti
Let me take the first
one and Todd can take on the second.
On the timing, I think
this is, you know, it's not
likely
that we're going to get clarity by the beginning of the year when we will announce our capital return policy for
2026 because the
submissions, as you
know, ended
yesterday.
So, I
think that the
SIF will
have to go
through
the analysis of all submissions and,
I mean, we are
not in control of
the timing but it looks a
little bit optimistic
to expect an outcome in such a short period of time so. And then it remains a decision of the government how
they want to
eventually announce and
implement what they
are proposing.
And the only
thing we know
that
it’s unlikely
to be
before
January 1
st
- And
there this
is
unfortunately,
probably early
on next
year we're
going to have more visibility on that. But you know, again, it's not a question
that we can answer directly.
Todd
Tuckner
Chris, on
the AT1 point,
I agree with
your general
comment that
it would
seem, the
current proposal would
seem
to be a disincentive to restructure because at the end of the day, it's always facts and circumstances based for a
given institution,
you know
how deep
would the
restructuring be
and would
it actually
be appropriate
in any
event to suspend payments on the AT1
given the depth of restructuring, but I
generally agree that you can get
into situations or envision situations where
this proposal would create
a real issue when
there isn't a real
issue.
So, it's making an issue out
of one that isn't where,
for example, a bank may be
going through financial stress
or some
other aspects
that are
less significant,
less serious.
And as
a result,
automatically suspending
the coupons
because of
four consecutive
cumulative losses
– quarters
of cumulative
losses –
would seem
to me
to be
pro-
cyclical. So,
the question
though on
restructuring, I
guess, is
a question
of that
hypothetical bank
and the
situation
it's in and the depth of the restructuring it has to
go through in order to recover.
Sergio P.
Ermotti
Yes.
Let me add
on to what
Todd
mentioned. I think that
he's touching on
an idiosyncratic situation in
such a
scenario. But let me play out another scenario
in which you have a more economic downturn
in which for some
reason the entire banking system is going through
a low level of profitability or small losses, but still
having the
resilience to be there and
serve clients and prepare
for better days. Now,
in such a scenario, if you
are the only
bank that has to
do that kind
of write-down, although
every other bank
is having similar
profitability issues, then
it's
a
stigma
that
you
create
on
a
single
institution rather
than
being
something that
is
aligned.
So,
it's
very
difficult to
see –
I mean,
I understand
the reasoning
because of
what happened
at Credit
Suisse. Those
were
substantial losses that were also creating an even bigger hole in their parent bank capital, but that's not a good
reason to then fix it in this way.
Chris Hallam, Goldman Sachs
Thank you. Very clear.
7
Kian Abouhossein, JPMorgan
Yes,
thanks for taking my questions. The first question is on the ordinance measures. Can you still bundle those
into the legislative package or
is that not possible
anymore, and what would
have to happen if
it is possible to
basically get there? What are the key hurdle dates or events that
we would have to watch out for?
And then the
second question is
just taking a
step back, who
are you
actually now talking
to considering that
this seems to be a very political process? Looking at the impact of the documents that are coming out, it seems
to be a
very domestic
focused audience,
I mean, the
documents are not
even in English,
most of them,
but rather
than do they have a good understanding of how
it sets you apart from international competitors? And do they
really care?
That's the
impression I
get; they
don't really
care. So,
can you
just talk
about your
feedback from
your negotiations and talks with the other parties,
I guess with the government at
this point, or where we are?
Sergio P.
Ermotti
First, on the first
question, I think that,
yes in theory, things can somehow come
together if, but
this is a decision
of the Federal Council
to how to
then either implement immediately after
they consider all the
submissions on
the consultation or to wait until they find and they analyze the submissions related to the consultation that just
opened. So, it's in
their prerogative to thinking
what they want to
do. So, I have
no indication that they're
going
to take
one direction
or the
other.
So, as
we stand
right now,
it looks
like the
ordinance will
be implemented
before. But, you know, this is a political process and one in which, depending on
the input from various parties,
including banks and a broader economy, and, you know, it may lead into a different outcome. So, in a nutshell,
the answer to your
question is yes, it's still
possible to bring them together,
not formally,
but de-facto because
they would be then implemented and addressed at
the same time.
Then, well, look,
we are talking, well,
first of all, now
we are talking reactively
by, you know, in the consultation,
by answering formally to many points that we raised in the past and making it even clearer. Our position, we're
complementing it with more data points and more in-depth analysis. I think that it's fair to say that as we went
deeper in
analyzing not
only more
international standards and
how other
jurisdictions are
operating, that
has
given us even more conviction that the proposals we see right now
on capital are not balanced and not really in
line with addressing the true lessons learned
from the Credit Suisse crisis.
Now, in
respect of who
we are talking
to, we are
responding to solicitations, also
formal solicitations from the
Economic Commissions that will want to hear
our views, both the upper and the lower
Economic chambers, for
example.
We
are
responding
to
requests
for
comments
and
clarification
by
political
parties
and
the
broader
society and economic associations. But that's
the level of interaction.
Now, in response to your topic, yes, I'm sorry if our
machine-translated with human
touch English version didn't
work
out
well,
but
it's
our
first
best
attempt,
to
address
this
issue.
Of
course,
you
know,
being
a
political
submission, it has to be done in one of the official languages
in Switzerland, which in that case is – we took
the
most popular
or the
biggest one
is the
German version.
Let me
tell you that
many more people
than we
are made
to understand, they
care about what's
going on right
now. I think it's
fair to say
that all the
noises around what's
going on
in Switzerland are
quite unnecessary in
my point of
view.
And of
course, we
are lucky
that we have
been able to manage this in a fairly benign market situation.
Our integration is progressing well. I think that the
last things we need is
this kind of noise around Switzerland,
which in my point of
view did a fantastic job
during
the three days of the
crisis. But of course,
right now it's time
to really reconsider how we
communicate and how
we approach these kinds of
issues. But, again it's not in
my control, it’s not in
our control, and we do
our best
to contribute to a healthy and fact-based discussion.
8
Kian Abouhossein, JPMorgan
Thank you.
Amit Goel, Mediobanca
Hi,
thank
you.
Yes,
two
questions
from
me.
One,
just
in
terms
of
the
phasing
of
the
ordinance,
so
I
think
previously you stated that you would expect a
kind of a 4-year plus phase-in period. I
just wanted to just check
whether that expectation has changed or
not based on the commentary and the
response?
And then secondly, I guess within the responses,
commentary about there's
not a – and it's
very hard then to do
a holistic or
at least for
the government
to do a
holistic and
kind of impact
study or
QIS? I was
just kind
of curious
whether
then,
whether you
would
basically
effectively
do
that
and
could present
that
as
part
of
the
kind of
helping the
politicians understand potential
consequences and impact
of the
measures if
they were
impacted,
implemented holistically? Thank you.
Sergio P.
Ermotti
So, the issue on the phase-in is that – what we have reiterated in
our submissions is that, I mean – it's still clear
that it's common
in this
kind of situation
to have a
phase-in. You
saw that in
the law part
of the
proposal it’s
clearly
stated
at
seven
years.
We
have
been
made
to
understand
that
it's
also
going
to
be
the
case
for
the
ordinance. And this is going to start from 2027, but the fact that it was not clearly stated in the proposal of the
ordinance made
us, just
for good
order we
pointed out
that this
is still
missing. And
I think
that, I
believe it’s
quite common and
clear that we
will have a
phase-in. I think
that the four
years, I don’t
remember us saying
four
years,
but
probably
was
like,
if
we
mention
it
is
the
minimum
common
reasonable
timing
for
phasing
in
something like
that,
but
it
is
just
for
good
order
that we
are
pointing it
out.
We
haven’t really
changed our
understanding and conviction that it’s going
to be a phase-in also for the ordinance when
it comes.
In terms of, yes, we will analyze this issue. To
be honest, I think that we will need to seriously think about if it’s
better for us to do it, I mean a UBS one would be always taken with a little bit of, you know, I don’t know how
to formulate it
diplomatically,
but probably
in a
way that
is a
suspicious way.
So, we
rather have independent
people having such
studies and at being
able to outline
in a balanced
way what it
is, but in
case we don’t see
any of them happening, we may
consider having our view on the
matter so that at least
we are on the
record.
But hopefully it's not going to be necessary.
Amit Goel, Mediobanca
Thank you. And just
to clarify what you’re
saying, you anticipate or you
would expect a seven
year phase-in or
sorry –
9
Sergio P.
Ermotti
No, we
don’t know.
It’s not
because the
current proposal
on subsidiaries
is seven
years that
the same
will be
applied
to
the
ordinance.
We
would
say
that,
most
likely
a
minimum
of
four,
it’s
likely
to
happen
for
the
ordinance, while on the law one, it’s already clear it is seven.
Amit Goel, Mediobanca
Got it. Thank you.
Stefan Stalmann, Autonomous Research
Good morning. Thank
you very much
for the presentation.
Very
useful. I wanted
to ask
please on
the original
document on
page
21.
It
says
that
full
reduction
from
CET1
capital will
correspond
to
an
increase
in
capital
coverage of foreign
subsidiaries from 60%
to a 130%,
and I was
wondering what
the math is
behind the 130%,
please?
And the
second question, I
appreciate that
you don’t want
to talk
about mitigation yet,
but I’m
wondering in
particular about your DTAs on timing differences.
You have
quite a substantial amount there that relates to the
treatment of US real estate, and I’m
not quite sure what that actually
is and it seems a
bit different to what I see
at other banks.
Could you maybe
explain what’s driving
this relatively large
DTA
item related
to US real
estate
and whether that could actually be changed?
Thank you.
Todd
Tuckner
Hi, Stefan. So, on the first question, the math
on the more than 100 to 130
is just factoring in AT1.
So, it’s the
whole Tier 1 stack that is the math
behind.
On the DTA
question, in terms of the real estate,
so that’s part of the stack of temp
difference DTAs
in the US,
as you point out,
we have effectively generated
these temp difference
DTAs because
we have deferred the
tax
deduction on
a lot
of the
real estate
and leaseholds
that we
have in
the branch
network in
the US.
We have
deferred
the
deductions in
relation
to
leaseholds that
create
temp
difference
DTAs
and
historically have
also
accounted for
at least
up to
10% regulatory
capital. But
in addition
to that,
we also
have the
more standard
temporary differences
that I have
called out including
deferred compensation as
one example, expected
credit
losses as another.
So, it’s an
array of that,
but the real
estate position that
you point out
does in fact
relate to
the branch network and in the US business, and historically
has been a substantial component of our DTA stack
in the US.
Stefan Stalmann, Autonomous Research
Are you effectively depreciating your leaseholds faster than the IRS recognized
for your taxable purposes?
10
Todd
Tuckner
Yes,
we
effectively
have,
we’ve
pushed
out
the
tax
deduction
beyond
the
book
expense,
correct.
So,
we
amortized the
leaseholds under
the accounting
standard and we
take the
tax benefit
over a longer
period of
time
under US tax principles.
Stefan Stalmann, Autonomous Research
Thank you. Very helpful. Thank you very much.
Sergio P.
Ermotti
It was the last question.
Thanks for calling in.
I hope you found the
document useful and my
colleagues in the IR
team are at your disposal, if you have any further
clarification. Thank you and have a nice day.
11
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By:
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By:
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