Alpha Technology Group Ltd 6-K, filed Feb 1, 2024
Alpha Technology Group Ltd (ATGL)
About this 6-K
Alpha Technology Group Ltd filed this 6-K on February 1, 2024.
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON D.C. 20549
FORM 6-K
REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
February 2024
Commission File Number: 001-41847
Alpha Technology Group Ltd
Unit B, 12/F, 52 Hung To Road
Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
(Address of principal executive offices)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover Form 20-F or Form 40-F.
Form 20-F ☒ Form 40-F ☐
EXHIBIT INDEX
| Exhibit | Description | |
| Exhibit 99.1 | Press Release on Alpha Technology Group Ltd’s 2023 Financial Year Results |
1
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| Alpha Technology Group Ltd | ||
| By: | /s/ Tsang Chun Ho, Anthony | |
| Name: | Tsang Chun Ho, Anthony | |
| Title: | Executive director and president | |
Date: February 1, 2024
2
Exhibit 99.1
Alpha Technology Group Limited Reports 2023 Financial Year Results
Hong Kong, January 31, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Alpha Technology Group Limited (the “Company” or “Alpha”), a holding company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands that currently provides cloud-based IT solution services through its operating subsidiaries, Techlution Service Limited and Neural Sense Limited (collectively, “Operating Subsidiaries”), today reported its financial results for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023.
Fiscal Year 2023 Financial Highlights:
| ● | Revenues increased by HK$4.27 million (approximately US$0.55 million), or 96.55%, from HK$4.42 million for the year ended September 30, 2022 to HK$8.69 million (approximately US$1.11 million) for the year ended September 30, 2023. |
| ● | Gross profit increased by HK$1.85 million (approximately US$0.24 million), or approximately 183.99%, from HK$1.00 million for the year ended September 30, 2022 to HK$2.85 (approximately US$0.36 million) for the year ended September 30, 2023. |
| ● | Gross profit margin increased from 22.67% for the year ended September 30, 2022 to 32.75% for the year ended September 30, 2023. |
| For the Years Ended September 30 | ||||||||||||
| (in HK$ millions; differences due to rounding) | 2023 | 2022 | % Change (differences due to rounding, | |||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 8.69 | $ | 4.42 | 96.55 | % | ||||||
| Cost of revenue | 5.84 | 3.42 | 70.92 | % | ||||||||
| Gross profit | 2.85 | 1.00 | 183.99 | % | ||||||||
| Gross profit margin | 32.75 | % | 22.67 | % | 10.08 percentage point | |||||||
| Selling, general, and administrative expenses | 7.23 | 3.72 | 94.47 | % | ||||||||
| Loss from operations | (6.75 | ) | (2.71 | ) | 148.86 | % | ||||||
| Net loss | (6.99 | ) | (2.66 | ) | 162.33 | % | ||||||
Mr. Tsang Chun Ho Anthony, our executive director and president, and Mr. Leung Tsz Him, our Chief Executive Officer, commented, “Alpha recorded a significant increase in revenue of 96.55% to HK$8.69 million (approximately US$1.11 million) for the year ended September 30, 2023. This impressive growth was driven by (i) the increase in our revenue generated from system development services as a result of the completion of several projects for two carpark management companies in Hong Kong; (ii) the increase in revenue from NFT-related services resulting from our engagement of two NFT projects in 2023; and (iii) the increase in revenue from our technological support and maintenance service and other services resulting from provision of the maintenance services to a local non-government organization.”
“Alpha’s cost of revenue saw a significant annual increase of 70.92% to HK$5.84 million (approximately US$0.75 million) for the year ended September 30, 2023. This increase was primarily stemmed from higher staff costs and the increase in consultancy fee, which was in line with our business growth.”
“Despite the increased costs, Alpha still demonstrated it recorded an increased gross profit margin of 32.75% for the year ended September 30, 2023, compared to 22.67% in the previous year. This positive trend was primarily attributed to the higher gross profit margins associated with revenue from NFT-related services, which typically entailed higher profit margins compared to those of system development services and web and mobile application development services.”
“Alpha’s selling, general, and administrative expenses increased by 94.47% to HK$7.23 million (approximately US$0.92 million) for the year ended September 30, 2023, mainly attributable to (i) the increase in our staff costs and our Director’s remuneration of our Operating Subsidiaries and our Company; (ii) the increase in the audit fee; and (iii) the increase in amortization of our intangible assets. Consequently, Alpha incurred a net loss of HK$6.99 million (approximately US$0.89 million) for the year, reflecting the Company’s continued expansion on its operations and capturing growth opportunities. “Looking ahead, Alpha remains committed to optimizing its cost structure while exploring avenues for revenue growth. With our solid foundation and a focus on strategic execution, we believe Alpha is well-positioned to enhance its financial performance in the future.”
Fiscal Year 2023 Financial Results:
Revenues
Our revenue significantly increased by HK$4.27 million (approximately US$0.55 million), or 96.55%, from HK$4.42 million for the year ended September 30, 2022 to HK$8.69 million (approximately US$1.11 million) for the year ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to (i) the increase in our revenue generated from system development services, attributed to the completion of several projects including the development of parking management solution, pre-booking systems and other internal systems for two carpark management companies in Hong Kong in 2023; (ii) the increase in revenue from NFT-related services resulting from our engagement of two NFT projects in 2023, which involved creating an NFT marketplace, developing NFT-related artworks, building an NFT minting site, and preparing a proposal in relation to an NFT-related game; and (iii) the increase in revenue from our technological support and maintenance service and other services, primarily attributable to the provision of the maintenance services on the enrollment and payment system of a local non-government organization which is dedicated to the welfare services of children and youth in Hong Kong.
2
The following table set forth the breakdown of our revenue by services types for the years indicated:
| For the Years Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
| (In HK$ millions; difference due to rounding) | 2023 | 2022 | Variance | |||||||||||||
| Amount | Amount | Amount | % | |||||||||||||
| System development | $ | 5.97 | $ | 3.60 | $ | 2.37 | 65.83 | % | ||||||||
| Web and mobile application development | - | 0.39 | (0.39 | ) | (100 | )% | ||||||||||
| AI-OCR services | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 14.29 | % | |||||||||||
| Technological support and maintenance service and other services | 1.05 | 0.36 | 0.69 | 191.67 | % | |||||||||||
| NFT | 1.59 | - | 1.59 | 100 | % | |||||||||||
| Total | $ | 8.69 | $ | 4.42 | $ | 4.27 | 96.55 | % | ||||||||
Cost of revenue
Our cost of revenue saw a significant increase of HK$2.42 million (approximately US$0.31 million), or 70.92%, from HK$3.42 million for the year ended September 30, 2022 to HK$5.84 million (approximately US$0.75 million) for the year ended September 30, 2023. This increase primarily stemmed from (i) the increase in staff costs as a result of our business growth, which required us to increase the headcount to support our business; and (ii) the increase in the consultancy fee which was charged by our Operating Subsidiaries’ independent suppliers for providing cloud architecture services to support our cloud-based IT solution services. Our management fee mainly represented the fee charged by Simplus IO Limited and ProAlgories Limited, which provided ad-hoc technical support services and staff to assist us on project execution. Since February 8, 2023, following our team’s expansion, our Operating Subsidiaries have ceased to procure the ad-hoc technical support services and human resources from these two related companies, resulting in a 56.01% decrease in our management fee for the year ended September 30, 2023. We anticipate that our management fee will continue to decrease in the future.
3
Gross profit and margin
Our gross profit for the years ended September 30, 2022 and 2023, amounted to HK$1.00 million and HK$2.85 million (approximately US$0.36 million), respectively, which was in line with our revenue growth as mentioned above. Our gross profit margin has also increased from 22.67% for the year ended September 30, 2022 to 32.75% for the year ended September 30, 2023, which was mainly attributable to the increase in our revenue from NFT-related services which generally entailed higher gross profit margins as compared to those of system development services and web and mobile application development services.
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Our selling, general and administrative expenses increased by HK$3.51 million (approximately US$0.45 million), or 94.47%, from HK$3.72 million for the year ended September 30, 2022 to HK$7.23 million (approximately US$0.92 million) for the year ended September 30, 2023 for the year ended September 30, 2023. The increase was primarily due to (i) the increase in staff costs as a result of the increase in number of our administrative and marketing staff to support our business expansion; (ii) an increase in director’s remuneration of our Operating Subsidiaries and our Company, primarily attributable to our appointments of two executive directors in February 2023 and an independent non-executive director in January 2023; (iii) the increase in audit fee due to an audit fee for a listed corporation charged by our auditor; and (iv) the increase in amortization of our intangible assets (i.e. our technical know-how and coding for our system development services and our AI-OCR services). However, such increase was partially offset by the decrease in consultancy fees, mainly attributable to the service fee for composing the codes and developing programs to facilitate our web and mobile application development services during the year ended September 30, 2022, which was not replicated during the year ended September 30, 2023. Additionally, we purchased a data scraper software for preliminary works for the system development projects in the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, while no such cost was incurred during this year.
Net loss
As a result of the foregoing, net loss increased by HK$4.32 million (approximately US$0.55 million), or 162.33% from HK$2.66 million for the year ended September 30, 2022 to HK$6.99 million (approximately US$0.89 million) for the year ended September 30, 2023.
Recent developments
Initial public offering:
On November 2, 2023, Alpha completed its initial public offering and raised approximately US$7.00 million from the sale of 1,750,000 Ordinary Shares at a price of US$4 per share. Additionally, the underwriters exercised the over-allotment option to purchase an additional 262,500 Ordinary Shares at the public offering price of $4.00 per share. After deducting underwriting discounts and all offering expenses paid or payable by us, the net proceeds totaled around US$5.32 million.
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About Alpha Technology Group Limited
Alpha is a holding company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands and currently conducts its business through its Operating Subsidiaries, Techlution Service Limited and Neural Sense Limited. Our Operating Subsidiaries are cloud-based IT solution service providers in Hong Kong that utilize analytic skills, programming skills, artificial intelligence technologies, and technological know-how to provide comprehensive solutions designed to optimize business performance, meet various industry-specific operational challenges and create new business opportunities. Though its Operating Subsidiaries, Alpha provides (i) system development services; (ii) web and mobile application development services; and (iii) artificial intelligence-powered optical character recognition (“AI-OCR”) services with a view to achieving digitalization of customers’ business and operations. Alpha also provides technological support, maintenance and NFT-related services such as creation of NFT artwork, marketplace and development of NFT-related games to customers. Our Operating Subsidiaries have a diversified customer base and our customers come from a variety of industries with different scales of operations, including consulting, real estate planning, carpark management and social services, etc. For more information, please visit https://alphatechnologys.com and https://techlution.io.
Forward-Looking Statement
This press release contains forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements contained in this press release other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, our business strategy and plans, and our objectives for future operations, are forward-looking statements. The words “may,” “might,” “will,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “goal,” “objective,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue” and “ongoing,” or the negative of these terms, similar expressions or other comparable terminology intended to identify statements about the future. These statements are subject to uncertainties and risks including, but not limited to, the following: the Company’s goals and strategies; the future business development, financial condition and results of operation, the expectations regarding demand for and market acceptance of our services; the ability to continue to develop new technologies and/or upgrade our existing technologies; and changes in general economic, business and industry conditions and other risks contained in the annual reports for the year ended September 30, 2023 filed by our Company with the SEC. For these reasons, among others, investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance upon any forward-looking statements in this press release. Additional factors are discussed in the Company’s filings with the SEC, which are available for review at www.sec.gov. Our Company undertakes no obligation to publicly revise these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that arise after the date hereof.
For more information, please contact:
Company
Alpha Technology Group Limited
Investor Relations Department
Email: ir@rainbowcaphk.com
Investor Relations
WFS Investor Relations Inc.
Janice Wang, Managing Partner
Email: services@wealthfsllc.com
Phone: +86 13811768599
+1 628 283 9214
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ALPHA TECHNOLOGY GROUP LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
| (Predecessor) | (Successor) | |||||||||||
| As of September 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||||||
| HK$ | HK$ | US$ (Note) | ||||||||||
| Assets | ||||||||||||
| Current assets: | ||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalent | 2,801,810 | 3,629,347 | 463,471 | |||||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | 4,500 | 247,655 | 31,626 | |||||||||
| Rental deposit | 119,548 | 119,548 | 15,266 | |||||||||
| Deferred cost of revenue | 1,838,776 | 2,088,175 | 266,662 | |||||||||
| Deferred offering costs | — | 18,758,367 | 2,395,460 | |||||||||
| Due from shareholders | — | 100 | 13 | |||||||||
| Due from a related party | 1,343,240 | 683,438 | 87,275 | |||||||||
| Total current assets | 6,107,874 | 25,526,630 | 3,259,773 | |||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | 33,511 | 55,117 | 7,038 | |||||||||
| Intangible assets | — | 4,605,133 | 588,080 | |||||||||
| Goodwill | — | 10,176,959 | 1,299,607 | |||||||||
| Right of use asset-finance lease | 415,336 | 166,716 | 21,290 | |||||||||
| Total non-current assets | 448,847 | 15,003,925 | 1,916,015 | |||||||||
| TOTAL ASSETS | 6,556,721 | 40,530,555 | 5,175,788 | |||||||||
| Liabilities | ||||||||||||
| Current liabilities: | ||||||||||||
| Bank loans – current | 681,046 | 562,331 | 71,810 | |||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other liabilities | 657,704 | 11,886,957 | 1,517,975 | |||||||||
| Lease liability-finance lease | 111,738 | 116,834 | 14,920 | |||||||||
| Deferred revenue | 6,209,827 | 5,168,876 | 660,070 | |||||||||
| Advance from customers | 325,000 | 842,433 | 107,579 | |||||||||
| Deferred tax liabilities | — | 844,274 | 107,815 | |||||||||
| Tax payables | — | 233,259 | 29,787 | |||||||||
| Due to directors | — | 444,379 | 56,748 | |||||||||
| Due to related parties | 1,065,569 | — | — | |||||||||
| Total current liabilities | 9,050,884 | 20,099,343 | 2,566,704 | |||||||||
| Non-current liabilities | ||||||||||||
| Bank loans – non-current | 1,469,529 | 911,272 | 116,370 | |||||||||
| Lease liability-finance lease-non-current | 259,897 | 143,057 | 18,268 | |||||||||
| Total non-current liabilities | 1,729,426 | 1,054,329 | 134,638 | |||||||||
| TOTAL LIABILITIES | 10,780,310 | 21,153,672 | 2,701,342 | |||||||||
6
ALPHA TECHNOLOGY GROUP LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS — (Continued)
| (Predecessor) | (Successor) | |||||||||||
| As of September 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||||||
| HK$ | HK$ | US$ (Note) | ||||||||||
| Shareholders’ equity (deficit) | ||||||||||||
| Ordinary shares | ||||||||||||
| Alpha Technology Group Limited, US$0.0001 par value; 1,500,000,000 shares authorized; 13,250,000 shares issued as of September 30, 2023 | — | 10,000,100 | 1,273,914 | |||||||||
| Neural Sense Limited, no par value; 10,000 shares authorized; 10,000 and 10,000 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2021 and 2022, respectively | 10,000 | — | — | |||||||||
| Techlution Service Limited, HK$1 par value; 10,000 shares authorized; 10,000 and 10,000 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2021 and 2022, respectively | 10,000 | — | — | |||||||||
| Capital reserves | — | 16,364,143 | 2,084,633 | |||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income | — | — | 8,190 | |||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | (4,243,589 | ) | (6,987,360 | ) | (892,291 | ) | ||||||
| Total shareholders’ equity (deficit) | (4,223,589 | ) | 19,376,883 | 2,474,446 | ||||||||
| TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) | 6,556,721 | 40,530,555 | 5,175,788 | |||||||||
7
ALPHA TECHNOLOGY GROUP LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATION AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
| (Predecessor) | (Successor) | |||||||||||||||||||
| For the year ended September 30, 2021 | For the year ended September 30, 2022 | From October 1, 2022 to October 11, 2022 | From October 12, 2022 to September 30, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||
| HK$ | HK$ | HK$ | HK$ | US$ (Note) | ||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | 4,055,406 | 4,421,208 | — | 8,689,749 | 1,109,689 | |||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | (2,598,293 | ) | (3,419,035 | ) | — | (5,843,677 | ) | (746,243 | ) | |||||||||||
| Gross profit | 1,457,113 | 1,002,173 | — | 2,846,072 | 363,446 | |||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Listing expenses | — | — | — | (2,373,596 | ) | (303,110 | ) | |||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | (2,382,351 | ) | (3,716,233 | ) | (173,188 | ) | (7,053,591 | ) | (900,749 | ) | ||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | (2,382,351 | ) | (3,716,233 | ) | (173,188 | ) | (9,427,187 | ) | (1,203,859 | ) | ||||||||||
| Loss from operations | (925,238 | ) | (2,714,060 | ) | (173,188 | ) | (6,581,115 | ) | (840,413 | ) | ||||||||||
| Other income: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income, net | 16,500 | 210,450 | 16,801 | 77,137 | 9,850 | |||||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net | (47,743 | ) | (86,621 | ) | — | (74,587 | ) | (9,525 | ) | |||||||||||
| Total other income (loss), net | (31,243 | ) | 123,829 | 16,801 | 2,550 | 325 | ||||||||||||||
| Loss before tax expense | (956,481 | ) | (2,590,231 | ) | (156,387 | ) | (6,578,565 | ) | (840,088 | ) | ||||||||||
| Income tax expense | (24,554 | ) | (73,323 | ) | — | (252,408 | ) | (32,233 | ) | |||||||||||
| Net loss | (981,035 | ) | (2,663,554 | ) | (156,387 | ) | (6,830,973 | ) | (872,321 | ) | ||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation gain, net of taxes | — | — | — | — | 8,190 | |||||||||||||||
| Total comprehensive loss | (981,035 | ) | (2,663,554 | ) | (156,387 | ) | (6,830,973 | ) | (864,131 | ) | ||||||||||
| Net loss per share attributable to ordinary shareholders of the Company | ||||||||||||||||||||
| — Basic | (49 | ) | (133 | ) | (8 | ) | (1 | ) | — | |||||||||||
| — Diluted | — | — | — | (6 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||
| Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in computing net loss per share | ||||||||||||||||||||
| — Basic | 20,000 | 20,000 | 20,000 | 13,250,000 | — | |||||||||||||||
| — Diluted | — | — | — | 1,169,808 | — | |||||||||||||||
8
ALPHA TECHNOLOGY GROUP LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
| (Predecessor) | (Successor) | |||||||||||||||||||
| For the year ended September 30, | For the year ended September 30, | From October 1, 2022 to October 11, | From October 12, 2022 to September 30, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2022 | 2022 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||
| HK$ | HK$ | HK$ | HK$ | US$ (Note) | ||||||||||||||||
| Operating activities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | (981,035 | ) | (2,663,554 | ) | (156,387 | ) | (6,830,973 | ) | (872,321 | ) | ||||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation | 450 | 6,429 | — | 9,904 | 1,265 | |||||||||||||||
| Amortization of intangible assets | — | — | — | 511,681 | 65,342 | |||||||||||||||
| Amortization of right-of-use asset | 43,720 | 131,159 | — | 248,620 | 31,749 | |||||||||||||||
| Non cash lease expense | 353,128 | 150,640 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| Loss on disposal on property and equipment | — | — | — | 16,923 | 2,161 | |||||||||||||||
| Allowance for doubtful account | — | 313,362 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | (76,924 | ) | 69,138 | (32,828 | ) | (210,327 | ) | (26,859 | ) | |||||||||||
| Rental deposit | — | (119,548 | ) | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other liabilities | 139,031 | 409,762 | (452,715 | ) | 11,456,057 | 1,462,949 | ||||||||||||||
| Advance from customers | 160,000 | 165,000 | — | 517,433 | 66,076 | |||||||||||||||
| Lease liability | (426,513 | ) | (188,717 | ) | — | — | — | |||||||||||||
| Deferred revenue | 517,315 | 4,666,012 | 365,328 | (1,406,279 | ) | (179,583 | ) | |||||||||||||
| Income taxes payable | — | — | — | 233,259 | 29,787 | |||||||||||||||
| Deferred cost of revenue | (261,000 | ) | (1,377,776 | ) | — | (249,399 | ) | (31,848 | ) | |||||||||||
| Cash provided by (used in) operating activities | (531,828 | ) | 1,561,907 | (276,602 | ) | 4,296,899 | 548,718 | |||||||||||||
| Investing activities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Advance to a related party | (809,170 | ) | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
| Purchase of property and equipment | (14,935 | ) | (25,455 | ) | — | (48,432 | ) | (6,185 | ) | |||||||||||
| Repayment from a related party | — | 404,182 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| Payment to acquire right of use assets-finance lease | (77,133 | ) | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
| Net cash used to acquire subsidiaries in business combinations | — | — | — | (10,000,000 | ) | (1,277,008 | ) | |||||||||||||
| Cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (901,238 | ) | 378,727 | — | (10,048,432 | ) | (1,283,193 | ) | ||||||||||||
| Financing activities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from issue of shares | — | — | — | 10,000,100 | 1,273,914 | |||||||||||||||
| Capital reserves from shareholders | — | — | — | 16,364,143 | 2,084,633 | |||||||||||||||
| Repayment to bank loans | (38,679 | ) | (431,746 | ) | — | (676,972 | ) | (86,450 | ) | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from bank loans | 2,304,000 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| Deferred offering costs | — | — | — | (18,758,367 | ) | (2,395,459 | ) | |||||||||||||
| Advanced to related parties | — | (38,000 | ) | — | (1,749,007 | ) | (223,350 | ) | ||||||||||||
| Borrowings from a related party | 492,700 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| Borrowings to shareholders | — | — | — | (100 | ) | (13 | ) | |||||||||||||
| Repayment from a director | — | — | (18,966 | ) | 1,806,585 | 230,702 | ||||||||||||||
| Principal payment for obligation under finance leases | (34,578 | ) | (106,869 | ) | — | (111,744 | ) | (14,270 | ) | |||||||||||
| Cash (used in) provided by financing activities | 2,723,443 | (576,615 | ) | (18,966 | ) | 6,874,638 | 869,707 | |||||||||||||
| Net increase (decreased) in cash | 1,290,377 | 1,364,019 | (295,568 | ) | 1,123,105 | 135,232 | ||||||||||||||
| Unrealized exchange difference separately from cash flows from financing activities | — | — | — | — | 8,190 | |||||||||||||||
| Cash as of beginning of the year/ period | 147,414 | 1,437,791 | 2,801,810 | 2,506,242 | 320,049 | |||||||||||||||
| Cash as of the end of the year/ period | 1,437,791 | 2,801,810 | 2,506,242 | 3,629,347 | 463,471 | |||||||||||||||
| Supplementary Cash Flows Information | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash paid for interest | 55,189 | 105,854 | — | 74,587 | 9,525 | |||||||||||||||
| Cash paid for taxes | 24,554 | 73,323 | — | 19,149 | 2,445 | |||||||||||||||
| Non-cash transaction | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets | 513,082 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| Provision for income tax | — | — | — | 270,466 | 34,539 | |||||||||||||||
9