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20-F

Avrupa Minerals Ltd. (AVPMF)

20-F 2021-06-01 For: 2020-12-31
View Original
Added on April 06, 2026

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.  20549

FORM 20-F

¨ REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020

OR

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ____________ to __________

OR

¨ SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Date of event requiring this shell company report ______________________

Avrupa Minerals Ltd.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

British Columbia, Canada

(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

Suite 410 325 Howe Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6C 1Z7

(Address of principal executive offices)

Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

None

Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Shares, without par value

(Title of Class)

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: None

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the Company’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report.  32,738,087 Common Shares

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.   Yes ¨   No  x

If this report is an annual or a transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Yes ¨  No x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 12 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past ninety days.    Yes x  No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).   Yes x  No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated fi ler, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated fi ler,"accelerated filer,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ¨ Accelerated filer  ¨ Non-accelerated filer x
Emerging growth company ¨

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

U.S. GAAP ¨ International Financial Reporting Standards as issued<br><br><br>by the International Accounting Standards Board x Other ¨

If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow: Item 17  ¨  Item 18 ¨

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ¨   No  x

Page 1 of 106

Index to Exhibits on Page 69


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Avrupa Minerals Ltd.

Form 20-F Annual Report Table of Contents

Part I5

Item 1.  Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisors5

Item 2.  Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable5

Item 3.  Key Information5

Item 4.  Information on the Company12

Item 5.  Operating and Financial Review and Prospects32

Item 6.  Directors, Senior Management and Employees42

Item 7.  Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions49

Item 8.  Financial Information50

Item 9.  Offer and Listing of Securities51

Item 10.  Additional Information54

Item 11.  Disclosures About Market Risk66

Item 12.  Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities67

Part II67

Item 13.  Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies67

Item 14.  Modifications of Rights of Securities Holders and Use of Proceeds67

Item 15.  Controls and Procedures67

Item 16.  Reserved68

Item 16A.  Audit Committee Financial Expert68

Item 16B.  Code of Ethics68

Item 16C.  Principal Accounting Fees and Services68

Item 16D.  Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees69

Item 16E.  Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers69

Item 16F.  Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant69

Item 16G.  Corporate Governance69

Item 16H.  Mine Safety Disclosure69

Part III69

Item 17.  Financial Statements69

Item 18.  Financial Statements69

Item 19.  Exhibits69

Signature Page106


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METRIC EQUIVALENTS

For ease of reference, the following factors for converting metric measurements into imperial equivalents are provided:

To Convert from Metric To Imperial Multiply by
Hectares Acres 2.471
Meters Feet (ft.) 3.281
Kilometers (km) Miles 0.621
Tonnes Tons (2000 pounds) 1.102
Grams/tonne Ounces (troy/ton) 0.029

INTRODUCTION

Avrupa Minerals Ltd. (Avrupa or the “Company”) was incorporated on January 23, 2008 under the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia under the name Everclear Capital Ltd. The Company became a Capital Pool Corporation ("CPC") on September 2, 2008. On July 7, 2010, the Company changed its name and on July 13, 2010, the Company completed its qualifying transaction.

The Company qualifies as an emerging growth company as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act. The Company will continue to qualify as an emerging growth company until such time as the Company produces more than US$1 billion in gross revenue, the Company issues more than US$1 billion in non-convertible debt within a three-year period, the Company’s market capitalization exceeds US $700 million, or more than five years elapse from the time of its initial public offering in the United States.  As an emerging growth company, the Company is exempt from the requirements of section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, meaning that the Company is exempt from the requirement to obtain an external audit of its internal controls over financial reporting.

BUSINESS OF AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

Avrupa is a mineral company engaged in the acquisition and exploration of mineral properties.

There are no known proven reserves of minerals on Avrupa’s properties.  All of the Company's properties are currently at the exploration stage. The Company does not have any commercially producing mines or sites, nor is the Company in the process of developing any commercial mines or sites.  The Company has not reported any revenue from operations since incorporation.  As such, Avrupa is defined as an “exploration-stage company”.

FINANCIAL AND OTHER INFORMATION

In this Registration Statement, unless otherwise specified, all dollar amounts are expressed in Canadian Dollars (“CDN$” or “$”).  The Government of Canada permits a floating exchange rate to determine the value of the Canadian Dollar against the U.S. Dollar (US$).


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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements in this document constitute “forward-looking statements”. Some, but not all, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “plan,” “estimate,” “expect,” and “intend,” statements that an action or event “may,” “might,” “could,” “should,” or “will” be taken or occur, or other similar expressions. Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from expected results, such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the Registrant, or other future events, to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among others, the following risks: the risks associated with outstanding litigation, if any, risks associated with project development; the need for additional financing; operational risks associated with mining and mineral processing; fluctuations in metal prices; title matters; uncertainties and risks related to carrying on business in foreign countries; environmental liability claims and insurance; reliance on key personnel; the potential for conflicts of interest among certain officers, directors or promoters of the Registrant with certain other projects; the absence of dividends; currency fluctuations; competition; dilution; the volatility of the Registrant’s common share price and volume; and tax consequences to U.S. Shareholders. We are not obligated to keep our information current and revise any forward-looking statements because of new information, future events or otherwise.


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Part I

Item 1.  Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisors Not Applicable

Item 2.  Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable

Not Applicable

Item 3.  Key Information

As used within this Annual Report, the terms “Avrupa”, “the Company”, “Issuer” and “Registrant” refer collectively to Avrupa Minerals Ltd., its predecessors, subsidiaries and affiliates.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following tables set forth and summarize selected consolidated financial data for the Company, prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”).

The selected financial data of the Company for the Years Ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, were audited by DeVisser Gray LLP, Chartered Accountants, as indicated in its audit report which is included elsewhere in this Annual Report. The selected financial data for the Years Ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 were derived from the financial statements of the Company which have been also audited by DeVisser Gray LLP, Chartered Accountants, but are not included herein.

The selected financial data should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and other financial information included elsewhere in this Annual Report.

The Company has not declared any dividends on its common shares since incorporation and does not anticipate that it will do so in the foreseeable future.  The present policy of the Company is to retain future earnings, if any, for use in its operations and the expansion of its business.

Table No. 2 is derived from the financial statements of the Company, which have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. All per share amounts have been adjusted for the 1 for 4 share consolidation effective December 21, 2020.

Table No. 2

Selected Financial Data

(CDN$ in 000, except per share data)

Year Ended<br><br><br>December 31,<br><br><br>2020 Year Ended<br><br><br>December 31,<br><br><br>2019 Year Ended<br><br><br>December 31,<br><br><br>2018 Year Ended<br><br><br>December 31,<br><br><br>2017 Year Ended<br><br><br>December 31,<br><br><br>2016
Total Revenues $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Net Loss $139 $2,097 $1,885 $1,906 $1,872
Comprehensive Loss $156 $2,076 $1,902 $1,880 $1,900
Loss Per Share $0.00 $0.08 $0.08 $0.08 $0.12
Dividends Per Share $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Wtg. Avg. Shares 29,314 27,564 23,449 20,197 15,942
Working Capital (deficiency) ($614) ($964) ($448) $27 $484
Exploration and Evaluation Assets $168 $168 $1,408 $1,408 $1,479
Long-Term Debt $3 $10 $18 $24 $0
Shareholder’s Equity (deficiency) ($400) ($729) $1,110 $1,645 $2,230
Total Assets $588 $412 $1,938 $2,130 $2,482

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In this Annual Report, unless otherwise specified, all dollar amounts are expressed in Canadian Dollars (CDN$).

Table No. 3 sets forth the rate of exchange for the Canadian Dollar at the end of the five most recent annual periods December 31^st^, the average rates for the period, and the range of high and low rates for the period.

For purposes of this table, the rate of exchange means the noon buying rate in New York City for cable transfers in foreign currencies as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.  The table sets forth the number of Canadian dollars required under that formula to buy one U.S. Dollar.  The average rate means the average of the exchange rates on the last day of each month during the period.

Table No. 3

Canadian Dollar/U.S. Dollar

Period Average High Low Close
Year Ended 12/31/20 $  1.34 $  1.45 $  1.27 $  1.28
Year Ended 12/31/19 1.32 1.36 1.30 1.30
Year Ended 12/31/18 1.30 1.37 1.23 1.36
Year Ended 12/31/17 1.30 1.37 1.21 1.25
Year Ended 12/31/16 1.13 1.17 1.10 1.17
Three Months Ended   3/31/21 $  1.27 $ 1.28 $ 1.24 $ 1.26
Three Months Ended 12/31/20 1.30 1.34 1.27 1.28
Three Months Ended   9/30/20 1.32 1.36 1.30 1.33
Three Months Ended   6/30/20 1.38 1.42 1.34 1.36
Three Months Ended   3/31/20 $  1.36 $  1.45 $  1.30 $  1.41
Three Months Ended 12/31/19 1.30 1.33 1.30 1.30
Three Months Ended   9/30/19 1.32 1.33 1.30 1.32
Three Months Ended   6/30/19 1.33 1.35 1.30 1.31
Three Months Ended   3/31/19 $  1.32 $  1.36 $  1.31 $  1.34
Three Months Ended 12/31/18 1.33 1.37 1.32 1.36
Three Months Ended   9/30/18 1.30 1.33 1.29 1.29
Three Months Ended   6/30/18 1.30 1.33 1.25 1.31
March 2021 $  1.27 $  1.24 $  1.26
February 2021 1.28 1.25 1.27
January 2021 1.28 1.26 1.28
December 2020 1.30 1.27 1.28
November 2020 1.33 1.30 1.30
October 2020 1.34 1.31 1.33

The exchange rate was $1.23 on April 30, 2021.

Statement of Capitalization and Indebtedness

Not applicable.

Reasons for the offer and use of proceeds

Not applicable.


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Risk Factors

An investment in the Common Shares of the Company must be considered speculative due to the nature of the Company’s business and the present stage of exploration and development of its non-producing mineral properties. In particular, the following risk factors apply:

The effects of a global pandemic, including the COVID-19 outbreak, may have a negative effect on the Company’s operations and financial condition

The World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus COVID-19 as a pandemic in March 2020. This declaration has led to numerous emergency measures being instituted in many countries, including Canada, Spain and Portugal. These measures include government and business closures, stay-at-home orders, and limitations placed on work and travel. The continued outbreak of COVID-19, or any other pandemic, could materially and adversely impact the Company’s operations including mineral exploration, its joint-ventures, receipt of necessary government approvals, and regulatory compliance. It may also have a negative effect on the equity and debt markets, which may make raising additional capital more difficult or not available. The full extent of such impacts is outside the Company’s control and may have a significant negative effect on the Company’s operations and financial condition.

Risks Associated with Mineral Exploration

The Company is engaged in the mineral exploration business, which is highly speculative and has certain inherent risks which could have a negative effect on the Company

Mineral exploration is a speculative business, characterized by a number of significant risks including, among other things, unprofitable efforts resulting not only from the failure to discover mineral deposits but from finding mineral deposits which, though present, are insufficient in quantity and quality to return a profit from production.  The marketability of minerals acquired or discovered by the Company may be affected by numerous factors which are beyond the control of the Company and which cannot be accurately predicted, such as market fluctuations, the proximity and capacity of milling facilities, mineral markets and processing equipment, and such other factors as government regulations, including regulations relating to royalties, allowable production, importing and exporting of minerals, and environment protection, the combination of which factors may result in the Company not receiving an adequate return on investment capital.

All of the Company's mineral properties are at the exploration stage and all of the Company's exploration expenditures may be lost

The Company is at the exploration stage on all of its properties and substantial additional work and expenditures will be required in order to determine if any economic deposits occur on the Company’s properties. Mineral exploration is highly risky, and most exploration properties do not contain any economic deposits of minerals. If a property is determined to not contain any economic reserves of minerals, the entire amount spent on exploration will be lost.

The mineral industry is highly competitive

The Company will be required to compete in the future directly with other corporations that may have greater resources.  Such corporations could outbid the Company for potential projects or produce minerals at lower costs which would have a negative effect on the Company’s operations. ****

Commodity prices may not support corporate profit

The resource industry in general is intensely competitive and there is no assurance that, even if commercial quantities of minerals are discovered and developed, a profitable market will exist for the sale of same.  Factors beyond the control of the Company may affect the marketability of any minerals discovered.  The price of natural resources are volatile over short periods of time, and is affected by numerous factors beyond the control of the Company, including international economic and political trends, expectations of inflation, currency exchange fluctuations, interest rates and global or regional consumption patterns, speculative activities and increased


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production. If the Company is unable to economically produce minerals from its projects, it would have a negative effect on the Company’s financial condition or require the Company to cease operations altogether. The Company's mineral exploration activities are subject to substantial government regulatory requirements

The mineral projects in which the Company has an interest are located in Portugal and Kosovo.  The process for acquiring an interest in mineral concessions in these three countries is different from procedures for acquiring mining claims in Canada or the United States and involves certain risks not applicable in those jurisdictions.

These countries are politically stable European jurisdictions governed by democratically-elected leaders. In each of these countries, the legal, tax, and administrative institutions for business activities are in place, and processes and procedures are established and understood.  In Kosovo, the legal and administrative framework for the mining industry has been established over the past ten years, first by the United Nations Mission in Kosovo and followed-up and further developed by the Kosovo government.  Specifically, a new mining law, established in 2010, exists, and the independent regulator and oversight mechanism is functioning properly.

In Portugal, the rights and obligations associated with mining concession are governed by Direcção-Geral de Energia e Geologia (“DGEG”).  A complete application, including detail work plans to be carried out, minimum planned amount of investment, the means of financing, financial standing and ability of the applicant, detailed measurements to be used for environmental protection and evidence of advertising such in a county newspaper and the official gazette, is submitted to the DGEG.  Before a decision is made by the DGEG, the DGEG might request clarification of the proposal and further supporting documents and information about the application as well as having a hearing of the consultation office.  Once the application is approved, the DGEG will sign the administrative contract (mining concession) with the applicant as well as publishing an abstract in the official gazette.  In order to keep a mining concession valid and in effect, it is necessary to pay an annual license fee as well as putting up bonds for the claims.

In Kosovo, Independent Commission of Mines and Minerals (“ICMM”) oversees the exploration license application process.  Under Official Gazette of the Republic of Kosova/Pristina, No. 80/27, Law No 08/L – 163, Article 21, an exploration license can be applied for a parcel of land no greater than 100 square kilometers, with a three-year term.  Extension periods can be granted upon reducing the parcel of land by 50%; each extension is for an additional two years and can be done three times.  To maintain the licenses, the company is required to report by the end of a calendar year all work performed and provide ICMM the financial report.  Environmental safety regulations are followed in accordance to the European standards.

Mineral exploration and mining activities in Portugal and Kosovo may be affected in varying degrees by political instability and government regulations relating to the mining industry.  Any changes in regulations or shifts in political conditions are beyond the control of the Company and may adversely affect its business.  Future operations may be affected in varying degrees by government regulations with respect to restrictions on production, price controls, export controls, income taxes, expropriations of property, environmental legislation and mine safety.

Changes in these regulations or in their application are beyond the control of the Company and may adversely affect its operations, business and results of operations.  The requirements to comply with these regulations may result in increased costs, as well as delays in obtaining the permits required to conduct operations. Failure to comply with the conditions set out in any permit or failure to comply with the applicable statutes and regulations may result in orders to cease or curtail operations or to install additional equipment.  The Company may be required to compensate those suffering loss or damage by reason of its operating or exploration activities.

On the Federal, Provincial/Territorial and State level, the Company must comply with exploration permitting requirements which require sound operating and reclamation plans to be approved by the applicable government body prior to the start of exploration. Depending upon the type and extent of the exploration activities, the Company may be required to post reclamation bonds and/or assurances that the affected areas will be reclaimed. If the reclamation requires funds in addition to those already allocated, the Company could be forced to pay for the extra work and it could have a significant negative effect upon the Company’s financial position and operations.


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As the Company’s operations are primarily related to the exploration of our properties in these jurisdictions, many governmental regulations relating to mining activities are not yet application to the Company.

Our potential mining processing operations and exploration activities in these jurisdictions are subject to various laws governing land use, the protection of environment, prospecting, development, production, exports, taxes, labor standards, occupational health, mine safety and other matters.  Such operations and exploration activities are also subject to substantial regulation under these laws by governmental agencies and may require that the Company obtain permits from various governmental agencies.  The Company believes that it is in substantial compliance with all material laws and regulations which currently apply to the Company’s activities.  There can be no assurance, however, that all permits which the Company may require for future operations will be obtainable on reasonable terms or that such laws and regulations would not have an adverse effect on any mining project which the Company might undertake.

Failure to comply with laws and regulations may result in orders being issued thereunder which may cause operations to cease or be curtailed or may require installation of additional equipment.  Violators may be required to compensate those suffering loss or damage by reason of their mining activities and may be subject to fines or penal sanctions if convicted of an offense under such legislation.

Amendments to current laws and regulations governing operations and activities of mining companies or more stringent implementation thereof could have a material adverse impact on the Company or prevent development of the Company’s mining properties.

The jurisdictions that the Company has operations in have environmental legislation that requires that the mining concessionaire to obtain the authorization from the applicable environmental authorities to initiate any exploration or exploitation activity.  Environmental legislation in these jurisdictions imposes potential liability on owners and/or operators of mining facilities which release hazardous substances into the environment and are required to carry out their operations using methods and techniques not liable to cause damage to the environment or the land-owner.

The Company’s title to its properties may be disputed by third parties which could result in the loss of title to its properties

The Company has only done a preliminary title survey of its exploration properties in accordance with industry standards. These procedures do not guarantee the Company’s title and therefore, in accordance with the laws of the jurisdictions in which these properties are situated, their existence and area could be in doubt. Unregistered agreements or transfers, or native land claims, may affect title.  If title is disputed, the Company will have to defend its ownership through the courts, which would likely be an expensive and protracted process and have a negative effect on the Company’s operations and financial condition. In the event of an adverse judgment, the Company would lose its property rights.

Risks Relating to the Financing of the Company

The Company’s auditors have Expressed a “Going Concern” Opinion.

The Company’s auditor has included a “going concern” opinion in its auditors’ report to the Company's consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020. The qualification was included as a result of the Company having no current source of revenue, incurring losses since inception, and the need to obtain additional financing. If the Company is unable to meet its obligations, it will not be able to fulfill its business plan and be forced to reduce certain operations or cease operations altogether.

The Company will require additional financing which could result in substantial dilution to existing shareholders

The Company, while engaged in the business of mineral exploration, is dependent on additional financing for planned exploration programs as outlined herein.  Management anticipates being able to raise the necessary funds by means of equity financing.  The ongoing exploration of the Company’s properties is dependent upon the Company’s ability to


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obtain financing through the joint venturing of projects, debt financing, equity financing or other means. Such sources of financing may not be available on acceptable terms, if at all.  Failure to obtain such financing may result in delay or indefinite postponement of exploration work on the Company’s exploration properties, as well as the possible loss of its interest in such properties. Any transaction involving the issuance of previously authorized but unissued shares of common stock, or securities convertible into common stock, could result in dilution, possibly substantial, to present and prospective holders of common stock. These financings may be on terms less favorable to the Company than those obtained previously.

The Company has a history of net losses and no operational cash flow to sustain operations and does not expect to begin receiving operating revenue in the foreseeable future

None of the Company’s properties have advanced to the commercial production stage and the Company has no history of earnings or cash flow from operations.  The Company has paid no dividends on its shares since incorporation and does not anticipate doing so in the foreseeable future.  Historically, the only source of funds available to the Company has been through the sale of its common shares. Any future additional equity financing would cause dilution to current stockholders. If the Company does not have sufficient capital for its operations, management would be forced to reduce or discontinue its activities which would likely have a negative effect on the stock price.

Risks Relating to an Investment in the Securities of the Company

The market for the Company’s common stock has been subject to volume and price volatility which could negatively effect a shareholder’s ability to buy or sell the Company’s shares

The market for the common shares of the Company may be highly volatile for reasons both related to the performance of the Company or events pertaining to the industry (e.g. mineral price fluctuation/high production costs/accidents) as well as factors unrelated to the Company or its industry. Market demand for products incorporating resource commodities fluctuate from one business cycle to the next.  The Company’s common shares can be expected to be subject to volatility in both price and volume arising from market expectations, announcements and press releases regarding the Company’s business, and changes in estimates and evaluations by securities analysts or other events or factors.  In recent years, the securities markets in the United States and Canada have experienced a high level of price and volume volatility, and the market price of securities of many companies, particularly small-capitalization companies such as the Company, have experienced wide fluctuations that have not necessarily been related to the operations, performances, underlying asset values, or prospects of such companies. For these reasons, the price of the Company’s common shares can also be expected to be subject to volatility resulting from purely market forces over which the Company will have no control.  Further, despite the existence of a market for trading the Company’s common shares in Canada, stockholders of the Company may be unable to sell significant quantities of common shares in the public trading markets without a significant reduction in the price of the stock.

The Company has a dependence upon key management employees, the loss or absence of which could have a negative effect on the Company’s operations

The Company strongly depends on the business and technical expertise of its management and key personnel, including Chief Executive Officer and President Paul Kuhn and Chief Financial Officer Winnie Wong.  There is little possibility that this dependence will decrease in the near term.  As the Company’s operations expand, additional general management resources will be required. The Company may not be able to attract and retain additional qualified personnel and this would have a negative effect on the Company’s operations.

Certain officers and directors may have conflicts of interest

Certain of the directors and officers of the Company are also directors and/or officers and/or shareholders of other natural resource companies.  While the Company is engaged in the business of acquiring and exploring mineral properties, such associations may give rise to conflicts of interest from time to time.  The Directors of the Company are required by law to act honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the Company and to disclose any interest that they may have in any project or opportunity of the Company.  If a conflict of interest arises at a meeting of the board of directors, any director in a conflict must disclose his interest and abstain from voting on such matter.  In determining whether or not the Company will participate in any project or opportunity, the directors will primarily consider the degree of risk to which the Company may be exposed and its financial position at the time.


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The Company could be deemed a passive foreign investment company which could have negative consequences for U.S. investors

The Company could be classified as a Passive Foreign Investment Company (“PFIC”) under the United States tax code. If the Company is declared a PFIC, then owners of the Company’s Common Stock who are U.S. taxpayers generally will be required to treat any so-called "excess distribution" received on its common shares, or any gain realized upon a disposition of common shares, as ordinary income and to pay an interest charge on a portion of such distribution or gain, unless the taxpayer makes a qualified electing fund ("QEF") election or a mark-to-market election with respect to the Company’s shares. A U.S. taxpayer who makes a QEF election generally must report on a current basis its share of the Company’s net capital gain and ordinary earnings for any year in which the Company is classified as a PFIC, whether or not the Company distributes any amounts to its shareholders.

U.S. investors may not be able to enforce their civil liabilities against the Company or its directors, controlling persons and officers

It may be difficult to bring and enforce suits against the Company. The Company is a corporation incorporated in Canada under the laws of British Columbia. Three of the Company’s directors and officers are residents outside of the United States and all of the Company’s assets and its subsidiaries are located outside of the United States.  Consequently, it may be difficult for United States investors to effect service of process in the United States upon those directors or officers who are not residents of the United States, or to realize in the United States upon judgments of United States courts predicated upon civil liabilities under United States securities laws.  There is substantial doubt whether an original action could be brought successfully in Canada against any of such persons or the Company predicated solely upon such civil liabilities under the U.S. Securities Act.

Broker-Dealers may be discouraged from effecting transactions in our common shares because they are considered "Penny Stocks" and are subject to the Penny Stock Rules

Rules 15g-1 through 15g-9 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, impose sales practice and disclosure requirements on FINRA broker-dealers who make a market in "a penny stock".  A penny stock generally includes any equity security that has a market price of less than US$5.00 per share that is not registered on certain national securities exchanges or quoted on the NASDAQ system. The additional sales practice and disclosure requirements imposed upon broker-dealers may discourage broker-dealers from effecting transactions in our shares, which could severely limit the market liquidity of the shares and impede the sale of our shares in the secondary market.

Under the penny stock regulations, a broker-dealer selling penny stock to anyone other than an established customer or "accredited investor" (generally, an individual with net worth in excess of US$1,000,000 or an annual income exceeding US$200,000 in each of the last two years, or US$300,000 together with his or her spouse) must make a special suitability determination for the purchaser and must receive the purchaser's written consent to the transaction prior to sale, unless the broker-dealer or the transaction is otherwise exempt.

In addition, the penny stock regulations require the broker-dealer to deliver, prior to any transaction involving a penny stock, a disclosure schedule prepared by the US Securities and Exchange Commission relating to the penny stock market, unless the broker-dealer or the transaction is otherwise exempt.  A broker-dealer is also required to disclose commissions payable to the broker-dealer and the registered representative and current quotations for the securities.  Finally, a broker-dealer is required to send monthly statements disclosing recent price information with respect to the penny stock held in a customer's account and information with respect to the limited market in penny stocks.

As a “Foreign Private Issuer”, the Company is exempt from the Section 14 Proxy Rules and Section 16 of the 1934 Securities Act

The submission of proxy and annual meeting of shareholder information (prepared to Canadian standards) on Form 6-K may result is shareholders having less complete and timely data.  The exemption from Section 16 rules regarding sales of common shares by insiders may result in shareholders having less data. ****


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Item 4.  Information on the Company DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

Introduction

Avrupa’s executive office is located at:

325 Howe Street, Suite 410, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6C 1Z7

Telephone: (604) 687-3520

Facsimile: 1-888-889-4874

E-Mail: info@avrupaminerals.com

Website: www.avrupaminerals.com

The contact person in Vancouver is Winnie Wong, CFO.

The Company's common shares trade on the TSX Venture Exchange under the symbol "AVU".

The authorized share capital of the Company consists of an unlimited number of common shares. As of April 30, 2021, there were 32,738,087 common shares outstanding after adjustment for the 1 for 4 share consolidation effective December 21, 2020.

The Company is a growth-oriented junior exploration and development company focused on aggressive exploration, using a prospect generator model, for valuable mineral deposits in politically stable and prospective regions of Europe, including Portugal and Kosovo.  The Company currently has an interest in an exploration license in Portugal. The Company is also conducting initial exploration on targets in Portugal in order to define high-quality properties for the acquisition of additional exploration licenses.

Corporate Background

The Company was incorporated on January 23, 2008 under the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia under the name Everclear Capital Ltd. On July 7, 2010, the Company changed its name to Avrupa Minerals Ltd.

As of April 30, 2021, the Company has the following subsidiaries:

% of ownership Jurisdiction Nature of operations
MAEPA Empreendimentos Mineiros e Participacoes Lda 100% Portugal Exploration
Innomatik Exploration Kosovo LLC 100% Kosovo Exploration
AVU Kosova LLC 100% Kosovo Exploration
Avrupa Holdings Ltd.^(1)^ 100% Barbados Holding
Avrupa Portugal Holdings Ltd.^(1)^ 100% Barbados Holding
Avrupa Kosovo Holdings Ltd.^(1)^ 100% Barbados Holding

(1)These companies are in the process of being wound up.

Currently, the Company conducts mineral exploration in Portugal and Kosovo.


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History and Development of the Business

Avrupa was incorporated on January 23, 2008 under the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia. The Company became a “Capital Pool Company” as defined in the Exchange’s Listing Policy 2.4 and its common shares began trading on the TSX Venture Exchange (the "Exchange") on September 2, 2008.

As a Capital Pool Company, the principal business of the Company was to identify and evaluate opportunities for the acquisition of an interest in an asset or business and, once identified and evaluated, to negotiate an acquisition or participation subject to receipt of shareholder approval and acceptance for filing by the Exchange.  Until the completion of such a Qualifying Transaction (“QT”), as defined under Exchange Listing Policy 2.4, the Company did not carry on any business other than the identification and evaluation of assets or businesses in this connection.

The Company completed its QT on July 13, 2010 to acquire 90% of the issued and outstanding shares in MAEPA Empreendimentos Mineiros e Participacoes Lda., a private Portugese company (“MAEPA”) and (b) 92.5% of the issued and outstanding shares of Innomatik Exploration Kosovo LLC, a private Kosovo company (“Innomatik”). The Company received the final approval from the Exchange for its QT and its common shares resumed trading under its current name and trading symbol “AVU” on the Exchange as of July 14, 2010. In April 2012, the Company acquired the remaining 10% of MAEPA to own 100% by paying $150,000 cash and issuing 500,000 common shares. In August 2013, the Company acquired the remaining 7.5% of Innomatik to own 100% by issuing 450,000 common shares and paying €100,000.

The Company, through its holding in MAEPA, holds two exploration licenses in Portugal within the Portuguese portion of the Iberian Pyrite Belt in the southern portion in the country. The licenses have been issued to MAEPA by the government of Portugal, and are as follows:

·Alvalade

·Mertola*

* The Company has applied to drop the Mertola license but the application has not been processed.

Licenses have varying work commitments, as approved by the government of Portugal, and all licenses carry a 3% net smelter royalty (“NSR”), payable to the government of Portugal.

Business Overview

The Company currently has interests in mineral exploration projects located in Portugal and Kosovo. The Company and all of its properties are at the exploration stage. There is no assurance that a commercially viable resource deposit is present on any of the Company’s properties, and additional exploration is required before it is determined if any property is economically and legally viable.

Operations in certain areas are seasonal as the Company cannot conduct certain exploration activities on its properties year-round. The Company is not currently dependent upon market prices for its operations, nor is it dependent upon any patents, licenses or manufacturing processes. The Company’s operations are dependent upon exploration rights and claims as well as the terms of option and/or joint venture agreements on those properties. Please see the individual property descriptions below for the details of each of the Company’s current exploration projects.

Current Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic

The outbreak of Novel Coronavirus (“COVID-19”), which began to spread around the world from Wuhan, China in December 2019, has had a material negative effect on government and business operations globally, including in Canada, Portugal and Spain. In response to the virus and government restrictions, including stay-at-home orders and limited travel, the Company’s personnel, consultants, and advisors began working remotely beginning in March 2020 and continue on a limited basis. These restrictions have resulted in delays in the preparation and audit


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of the Company’s 2019 financial statements and related filings, and a delay to the start of the planned exploration work on the Company’s Alvalada Project under the Earn-In Joint Venture Agreement with MATSA.

The duration of these delays and impacts on the Company’s operations are outside of the Company’s control and are uncertain and impossible to predict. The COVID-19 pandemic may also result in additional consequences which may negatively affect the Company, including uncertainty in the capital markets which may create difficulty in the Company’s ability to obtain additional financing. Continued restrictions on the Company’s ability to conduct exploration on its mineral properties and extended delays or obstacles in the Company’s ability to obtain additional financing when needed may result in the Company’s having to reduce its planned operations during 2021 and in future periods.

Mineral Properties

The Company currently has interests in 3 mineral exploration properties, including 2 properties in Portugal and 1 property in Kosovo. All of the Company's properties are currently at the exploration stage.

Picture 2

Portugal

The Company through its subsidiary MAEPA, is currently focused in the Portuguese portion of the Iberian Pyrite Belt, a district with over 2,000 years of mining history from at least Roman times.

The licenses in southern Portugal are all exploration contracts with exploration commitments but not environmental liabilities attached to any of the contracts.  These licenses typically have duration of 2+1+1+1 years. In addition, all the licenses have a 3% NSR attached which may be negotiated downwards in certain instances.

The governing body for Portugal is the Direcao-Geral de Energia e Geologia (“DGEG”).  Typically, from application to issuance of licenses, it takes anywhere from 6-12 months, depending on the government’s ability and efficiency to check the application area for competitive application bids, various liabilities (local or regional,


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political, and/or technical), and anything that might obstruct exploration progress.  Often the wait for issuance depends on the prior activities and obligations of the responsible government officials, and the desire to make a public showing of the signing ceremony which advertises investment into Portugal.  The Company has experienced a couple of delays due to the change of the political party in power where the Company had to wait for a new minister to be selected, and therefore his/her involvement in the signing ceremony

Despite some exploration properties located on sites with historical operations, the Company does not have any potential environmental liabilities associated with its licenses.

Alvalade Project

The Alvalade joint-venture project is located in southern Portugal in the Portuguese Pyrite Belt. The project consists of one exploration license and covers approximately 115 square kilometers. The Company currently has a 100% interest in the project subject to its joint-venture agreement with MATSA who can earn an 85% interest in the project.

Location and Access

The project is located on the Northwest extension of the Portuguese Pyrite Belt in the southwest portion of the country. The Alvalade Joint Venture is easily accessed by both paved and unpaved roads.  Regional two to four lane paved roads cross the license block east to west and north to south.  Secondary and Tertiary roads form a network that allows access to much of the JV area.  A railroad line, which is used to transport copper and zinc concentrates from the Neves Corvo Mine to the port of Setubal passes through the Alvalade license.  Several large towns, including Grandola, Ferreira do Alentejo, Castro Verde, and Aljustrel lie within or just outside of the borders of the license block.  Electric power lines are ubiquitous, and a number of year-round rivers cross the license area, the main one being the Sado River.

As the Alvalade JV license block is considered to be a pure exploration play, there are no development types of facilities or plants at this time. The Company uses two warehouses for core storage and detailed review of the core, as well as for a small field office.

Regional and Property Geology

Rocks in the area include Devonian sediments, volcanic sediments, felsic sub-volcanic domes, and mafic diabase-like rocks form the package of target rocks in the area that potentially host copper- and zinc-bearing massive sulfide deposits.  These are often covered by younger Carboniferous clastic sediments and turbidites.  About 75% of the license block is covered by Tertiary sediments and/or Quarternary gravels.  The Devonian target rocks, form a unit that is traceable from south of Lisbon, Portugal to near Seville, Spain, which is the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB).  The IPB is host to many massive sulfide and stockwork sulfide deposits, which have a history of mining that dates back to Roman times.

The Alvalade JV encompasses the Portuguese part of the IPB that lies just north of the regional Messajana Fault. The giant Aljustrel massive sulfide body lies just to the south of the fault.  Two formerly producing mines, Lousal and Caveira, lie within the property boundaries.  Previous explorers have drilled upwards of 300 holes within the JV area.  However, many of the holes did not penetrate more than a few 10’s of meters into bedrock.  The Company’s compilation and review of the geology and structure of the Alvalade JV licenses indicates the strong possibility of new interpretations for the stratigraphy and the structural framework of the region, allowing for potential discoveries in previously drilled parts of the property block.

Acquisition Details

The Company originally acquired its interest in the property through its acquisition of 90% of MAEPA in July 2010 and increased its interest to 100% (subject to a 3% NSR to the government of Portugal) upon the acquisition of the remaining 10% of MAEPA in April 2012.


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The Alvalade JV formerly covered 3 licenses (Ferreira do Alentejo, Lousal Alvalade and Canal Caveira). In October 2013, the government of Portugal approved the amalgamation of the three exploration licenses into a single exploration license. The license has a 3% NSR attached which may be negotiated downwards in certain instances.

In December 2017, the Company signed an exclusivity agreement with a subsidiary of an international mining company, allowing it a right to negotiate the acquisition of an interest in the Alavade property, the Marateca property and the Mertola property for non-refundable payments of €25,000 in respect of each property for a total of €75,000. Such amount was received in December 2017 and was used to offset the expenditures incurred in fiscal 2018.

Former Joint-Venture Agreements

On June 6, 2011, the Company announced that it signed a Memorandum of Understanding (“MOU”) with Antofagasta Minerals S.A. (“Antofagasta”) to undertake exploration for copper-zinc massive sulfide deposits on the Alvalade project.

The agreement covered the three original Avrupa licenses:  Alvalade, Canal Caveira, and Ferriera do Alentejo. The formerly operating Lousal and Caveira copper mines are located within the project area.  Antofagasta completed a US$300,000 Initial Study of the project, which included acquisition of much of the remaining historic data, re-logging of selected drill holes, systematic sampling, and integrated geological and geophysical interpretation of the targeted areas

Under the original agreement, Antofagasta had the option to acquire an undivided 51% interest in the project, which can be exercised by Antofagasta funding or incurring expenditures of an additional US$4 million over three years. After exercise of the first option, Antofagasta would be granted a further option to acquire an additional 24% interest in the project for an aggregate 75% undivided interest, by completing and delivering a Feasibility Study on the project to the Company within five years. The Company was the operator of the joint-venture through the first option period. In February 2014, Antofagasta completed the expenditure of the required US$4 million and earned a 51% interest in the joint-venture.

On February 25, 2014, the Company and Antofagasta signed an amended Joint Venture Agreement. On January 27, 2015, the Company and Antofagasta signed a second amended Joint Venture Agreement which allowed for more interim funding by Antofagasta, an expanded time frame in which to get a feasibility study decision, and a means for Avrupa to be carried to production, if there is a production decision to be made on the project. Antofagasta subsequently earned an additional 9% in the project (60% total) by funding an additional US$2,000,000 on exploration for a total of US$6,300,000.

On August 31, 2015, the Company signed an agreement with Colt Resources Inc. (“Colt”) and Antofagasta, whereby Colt will purchase Antofagasta’s 60% interest in the property for a total of US$7.1 million in incremental payments and a 1% NSR to Antofagasta. With the purchase, Colt became the optionee partner with the Company operating the project. Under the revised joint-venture agreement, Colt could earn up to 80% of the Joint-venture through a combination of exploration expenditures, completion of a feasibility study, and generation of a mine development decision by the end of the year 2023.

Colt subsequently defaulted on its joint-venture obligations. In order to regain a 100% interest in the property, Avrupa entered into an agreement with Colt and Antofagasta. Under the agreement, the Company agreed to forgive approximately €160,000 in debts, assume a deposit on the project of €75,000, and make the following payments to the initial partner on the project in return for increasing its interest in the project from 40% back to 100%:

·Cash payment of US$250,000 on the filing of an initial NI 43-101 compliant resource estimate meeting certain minimum criteria;

·Staged cash payments totaling US$1,000,000 on the completion of a NI 43-101 compliant feasibility study meeting certain minimum criteria; and


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·Staged cash payments totaling US$3,000,000 on the commencement of commercial production from the project.

MATSA Joint-Venture Agreement

In November 2019, the Company signed a definitive joint-venture agreement with Minas de Aguas Teñidas, S.A. (“MATSA”) to form an earn-in exploration and exploitation joint venture on the Alvalade property. MATSA is a private Spanish mining company which owns and operates three mines in the province of Huelva, Andalusia, Spain. MATSA also holds 1,000 km^2^ of exploration licenses in the Iberian Pyrite Belt. MATSA is a 50:50 joint venture company of Mubadala Investment Company, and Trafigura, an independent commodity trading and logistics house

MATSA and its wholly-owned subsidiary Emisurmin Unipessoal Ltda. (“EUL”) can earn-in to 51% of the Alvalade Project from the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary MAEPA by spending €2.4 million and by paying Avrupa €400,000. MATSA can increase their interest to 85% by providing a bankable feasibility study on any one prospect and by making all required success payments to the Company’s original joint venture partner.

Pursuant to the Agreement, Pormining, Unipessoal Lda. (“PorMining”) was incorporated to hold assets and develop mineral rights (both as defined) of the Alvalade Project. EUL can earn up to an 85% interest in Pormining through the following phases:

·Phase I – First Option;

·Phase II – Second Option;

·51/49 Phase; and

·Phase III – Development and Operation

Phase I – First Option

Phase I commences on the effective date and continues until the first to occur of the first option exercise date and the termination of the first option. During Phase I, MAEPA will grant EUL the sole and exclusive right to hold an undivided 51% interest in PorMining (the first option) for at least three years from the effective date or the issue of the Experimental Exploitation License (the “EEL”) by DGEG to PorMining. EUL’s right to maintain its 51% interest is conditional upon MATSA:

·Paying €400,000 to the Company on or before the effective date (€200,000 was received in December 2019 and the remaining €200,000 was received in June 2020); ·Funding or providing the necessary financial instrument to cover the guarantee, which will be returned to MATSA following the release of the guarantee by DGEG (funded€100,000 in June 2020); and ·Funding expenditures (the first option expenditures) on the mineral rights in an aggregate amount of €2,400,000 (€1,200,000 within the first 12 months following the effective date and €1,200,000 in the next 24 months) on or before three years from the effective date or the issue of the EEL.

Funding of the first option expenditures is solely at MATSA’s discretion and MATSA may elect to terminate the first option at any time by delivering notice (the first option termination notice) to the Company. MATSA may elect to accelerate the funding of the first option expenditures in order to exercise the first option at an earlier date. If there is a shortfall in the first option expenditures, MATSA may elect to pay such amount on or before the end of the three-year period and the first option expenditures will be deemed to have been satisfied.

Upon MATSA completing all of the requirements of the first option, EUL will have unconditionally earned the 51% interest in PorMining. If the first option is terminated, MAEPA will acquire the 51% interest from EUL for a nominal value, the shares will be cancelled and MAEPA will hold a 100% interest in PorMining.

During Phase I, MAEPA will act as the operator of the mineral rights. PorMining will pay MAEPA an operator’s fee equal to €100,000 per year, paid monthly starting June 16, 2020, funded by MATSA and which shall form part of the first option expenditures. During the year 2020, €54,166 ($82,864) was received. In all other phases,


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PorMining will be the operator unless it appoints another person to act as operator. The operator is responsible for developing and submitting work programs to the technical committee or the board of directors for consideration and approval and to implement work programs when approved according to the approved budget. The technical committee is comprised of two representatives from each of EUL and MAEPA and will be in effect until the first option exercise date. Thereafter, the board of directors will make all decisions with respect to the mineral rights.

During Phase I, EUL will fund 100% of all maintenance payments (as defined) and approved work programs.

As of December 31, 2020, MATSA has funded a total of €464,450 on the Alvalade project, including the €100,000 guarantee with DGEG. Subsequent to December 31, 2020, MATSA funded another €502,000.

Phase II – Second Option

Phase II commences on the first option exercise date and continues until the first to occur of the second option exercise date and the termination of the second option. On the first option exercise date, the Company will grant EUL the sole and exclusive right and option to acquire an additional 34% (for an aggregate 85% interest) in PorMining (the second option). EUL’s right to exercise the second option is conditional on MATSA satisfying the second option conditions as follows:

·Preparing, funding and delivering to PorMining a feasibility study on the mineral rights within five years of the issuance of the EEL or, provided that DGEG grants an extension to all or part of the EEL, the time period for when the second option conditions must be shall be extended to a maximum of two additional years, for a total of seven years after the issuance of the original EEL;

·Making proper application for a mining license before the end of the term of the EEL; and

·Making all progress payments to Antofogasta as set out in the Debt Cancellation Agreement dated June 12, 2017 as follows:

oUS$250,000 within 60 days after the date of a news release announcing a NI 43-101 compliant technical report having been completed and with results as defined;

oUS$500,000 within 60 days after the date of a news release announcing completion of a feasibility study with results as defined;

oUS$500,000 on the one-year anniversary of the date of the news release announcing the feasibility study noted above;

oUS$750,000 within 60 days of the commencement of commercial production;

oUS$750,000 on the one-year anniversary of commencement of commercial production;

oUS$750,000 on the second anniversary of commencement of commercial production; and

oUS$750,000 on the third anniversary of commencement of commercial production.

The satisfaction of the second option conditions is solely at MATSA’s discretion and MATSA may elect to terminate the second option at any time by delivering notice (the second option termination notice) to the Company. If the second option is terminated, EUL will be entitled to retain its 51% interest in PorMining, plus an additional 1% interest for every €735,294 of expenditures funded during Phase II and the 51/49 Phase will commence.

Upon MATSA satisfying the second option conditions, EUL automatically earns an additional 34% interest in PorMining for an aggregate interest of 85%.

During Phase II, EUL will fund 100% of all maintenance payments and approved work programs.

51/49 Phase

The 51/49 Phase commences on termination of the second option and continues until the deemed conversion of the interest of a party to a royalty. During the 51/49 Phase, PorMining will remain the operator subject to the terms of the Agreement and the shareholders’ agreement and the activities of the parties with respect to the mineral rights will be continue to be governed by the shareholder’s agreement.


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If at any time after the 51/49 Phase has commenced EUL’s interest is reduced to below 10% as a result of dilution calculations, its interest will be deemed to be converted to a 1.5% royalty, which royalty shall only be payable up to a maximum total payment of €13,000,000 after which it will no longer be applicable. Upon conversion to the royalty, EUL will have no further rights or interest in respect of the assets under the Agreement or the shareholders’ agreement except for the royalty and the termination provisions apply.

If at any time during the 51/49 Phase MAEPA’s interest is reduced to 15% as a result of dilution calculations, then its interest will be deemed to be converted to a 15% “carried interest” following which MAEPA will not be required to contribute to any further work programs and will not be subject to any further dilution until such time as a feasibility study has been prepared, at which point Phase III will have been deemed to have commenced and MAEPA will have to sell the option.

During the 51/49 Phase, the parties will fund the maintenance payments and contribute to the costs of any approved work and/or development programs in proportion to their proportionate share.

Phase III – Development and Operation

Phase III commences on the second option exercise date and continues until the deemed conversion of the interest of a party to a royalty. Within 90 days of the commencement of Phase III, the Company will transfer its 15% interest in PorMining to MATSA in consideration for €10,000,000 to be paid as follows:

·€3,000,000 upon a construction decision being made by Pormining and all permits having been received from DGEG;

·€3,000,000 upon commencement of commercial production; and

·€4,000,000 upon the first anniversary of commencement of commercial production.

During Phase III, the parties will contribute their respective pro rata share of all approved work programs and budgets.

If at any time after Phase III has commenced MAEPA’s interest is reduced to below 10% as a result of dilution calculations, its interest will be deemed to be converted to a 1.5% royalty as described above for EUL.

In March 2020, pursuant to the Earn-in Joint Venture Agreement, MAEPA and EUL entered into a Quota Transfer Agreement pursuant to which MAEPA split its 100% interest in the share capital of PorMining into two quotas, representing 51% and 49% of the company’s share capital, and sold the 51% quota to EUL for the nominal value of €510.

The Company, MAEPA, MATSA and EUL also entered into the PorMining Lda. Shareholders’ Agreement (the “PorMining Agreement”). Pursuant to the PorMining Agreement:

·PorMining has five directors. From the effective date until the second option exercise date, three will be nominated by EUL and two by MAEPA. Thereafter, four will be nominated by EUL and one will be nominated by MAEPA. Upon the occurrence of the 51/49 Phase and thereafter, EUL is entitled to nominate three directors and MAEPA two directors. In the event of dilution of the interest of EUL or MAEPA, each will be entitled to proportional representation (as described) equal to its then interest;

·In the event that EUL and/or MAEPA wish to sell or transfer their shares in PorMining, the company has the right of first refusal to purchase all or a portion of the shares. To the extent that PorMining does not exercise its right of first refusal to all of the shares, each of EUL and/or MAEPA has a right of first refusal; and

·The PorMining Agreement will terminate at such time as there is a final decision regarding the dissolution and liquidation of the company, the parties mutually agree on the termination of the PorMining Agreement or as provided for under the Earn-In Joint Venture Agreement.

The aim of the first stage of the joint venture is to delineate a deposit at Sesmarias or at any other targets within the Alvalade License with a significant drill program. Some of those other targets include the past-producing Lousal Mine, the Monte da Bela Vista stockwork zone, and at the past-producing Caveira Mine.


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Exploration History

At the start of the Initial Study, first-pass review of re-processed regional gravity and magnetics covering the Alvalade license led to the identification of up to ten target areas on the potential Alvalade JV property.  The Company has upgraded three of these areas – Aldeia dos Elvas, Monte da Bela Vista, and Azinheira dos Barros – and has defined drill targets in all three areas for the Alvalade Joint Venture.  Four more of the target districts need further detailed examination, while the other four areas have been temporarily downgraded, though will be re-visited at a later date.  Further first-pass review of recently completed re-processing of regional geophysics, covering the entire three-license block (Canal Caveira, Ferreira do Alentejo, and Alvalade licenses), is continuing.

On October 19, 2011, the Company announced that work completed to date included re-logging of an additional 31 historic drill holes, collection of approximately 250 more samples from the drill core, re-processing of regional gravity and magnetics data, first-pass selection of specific target areas, including the Azinheira dos Barros and Aldeia dos Elvas locations, detailed re-processing of gravity data for the Aldeia area, and 1:10,000-scale geologic mapping and rock chip sampling at Aldeia and Azinheira.  Integration of geophysical data, geochemical data, and the results of recent surface work in these two districts suggests the potential for multiple drilling targets in both places.

On February 2, 2012, the Company announced the commencement of exploration work in the Portuguese Pyrite Belt under the Alvalade Joint Venture. The budget for work in 2012 was increased to US$2.5 million and approved by Antofagasta. Company geologists re-logged and selectively sampled over 50,000 meters of historic drill core from 194 drill holes completed in the JV area by other companies prior to the Company's acquisition of the property. A Phase 1 exploratory core drilling program was completed by the Company in three separate target areas. The initial program consisted of 8 holes totaling 3,269.8 meters and was designed to test targets located within two windows of exposed Paleozoic volcano-sedimentary rocks that host massive sulfide deposits elsewhere in the Iberian Pyrite Belt. 7 of the 8 holes drilled encountered alteration characteristic of massive sulphide systems in the Iberian Pyrite Belt. These same 7 holes crossed numerous zones of pyritic material, and 1 of the holes, MBV01, contained significant intervals of low-grade copper that may have been transported from a nearby potentially larger zone of copper mineralization.

Results of the re-logging and sampling, combined with the Phase 1 drill results, were used to plan Phase 2 drilling, which commenced in October 2012. The program consisted of 8 drill holes totaling 3,491 meters. 7 of the holes tested new targets along four separate trends of potentially mineralized host rocks. The 8th hole was drilled in the Monte a Bela Vista target area as a follow-up to hole MBV01 drilled in Phase 1, approximately two kilometers north of the past-producing Lousal Mine. The best results were obtained from the follow-up hole, MBV02, which was drilled to 653.1 meters and intercepted long intervals of probable feeder zone-style mineralized stockwork quartz veining, which may be indicative of the presence of a nearby massive sulfide system. Copper results from MBV02 included 45.90 meters (from 7.30 to 53.20 m) grading 0.24% Cu, including 8.05 meters (from 11.80 to 19.85 m) grading 0.39% Cu and 15.80 meters (from 23.70 to 39.50 m) grading 0.44% Cu; and 24.15 meters (from 146.30 to 170.45 m) grading 0.24% Cu, including 1.50 meters (from 154.15 to 155.65 m) grading 1.64% Cu and 7.50 meters (from 159.60 to 167.10 m) grading 0.44% copper. Gold results included 23.70 meters (from 154.15 to 177.85 m) assaying 1.35 g/t Au, including 1.50 meters (154.15 to 155.65 m) of 5.11 g/t gold and 7.45 meters (161.75 to 169.20 m) of 2.16 g/t gold; and 97.50 meters (279.50 to 377.00 m) of 0.40 g/t Au, including 7.00 meters (293.00 to 300.00) of 1.08 g/t Au and 9.50 meters (310.80 to 320.30 m) of 2.30 g/t Au. The hole also included numerous intervals of greater than 0.1% lead and/or zinc.

In March 2013, the Company commenced the Phase 3 drill program. The program was planned for up to 10 drill holes totaling approximately 4,500 to 5,000 meters. Drilling was planned for several areas along the Neves Corvo and Aljustrel target trends, as the Company developed a total of 23 targets of new, high quality targets. The first part of the program targeted the Monte da Bela Vista area where Phase 1 and Phase 2 drill holes MBV01 and MBV02 intersected copper and gold vein mineralization, and around the formerly producing mines at Canal Caveira and Lousal.  Drill results continue to show positive potential at Monte da Bela Vista. Drill hole MBV03


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intersected several zones of stockwork quartz-sulfide mineralization, including a 65-meter wide zone at a depth of 426 to 491 meters.

Phase 4 drilling commenced in January 2014. One hole was planned for the Monte da Bela Vista West target, located approximately 400 meters to the west of the Monte da Bela Vista mineralization drilled in Phase 3. An additional 6 holes were planned around two new, previously undrilled target areas. These holes will be collared in young cover sediments which may be as thick as 200 meters which completely obscure visual sighting of the target rocks. The holes will be drilled through the sediments and then 30-40 meters into the target basement rocks with the intention of using the information collected from the short drilling in the basement rocks to target vectoring towards true deep massive sulfide targets. The final 3 holes of Phase 4 will be follow-up deep tests from locations indicated from the blind vectoring drilling.

Massive sulfide mineralization was discovered in the second drill hole at the Sesmarias South target area, approximately 7 kilometers south of the past producing Lousal Mine. The area is covered by approximately 100 meters of cover sediment, which completely obscures the target rocks. The mineralized intercept in SES002 totals 16.85 meters.  The intercept includes a zone of massive sulfide mineralization, then underlain by a zone of semi-massive sulfides and strong stockwork sulfide veining.  There follows a narrow shear zone, which is, in turn, underlain by a further zone of strong alteration with anomalous disseminated and stockwork sulfide mineralization.  The analytical results for the Massive and Semi-massive zones are included in the table below:

SULFIDE TYPE FROM TO TOTAL Cu % Pb % Zn % Sn % Co %
Massive 151.65 159.60 7.95 2.21 3.05 4.82 0.15 0.084
Semi-massive/stockwork 159.60 162.50 2.90 0.71 1.27 3.17 0.092 0.051
TOTAL 10.85 1.81 2.57 4.38 0.13 0.075

Six additional holes were drilled in this initial Sesmarias program in the immediate vicinity of the initial Sesmarias massive sulfide intersection (SES002). A total of 1,961 meters were drilled in the general target area. Highlights from the 6 additional holes include:

·SES008, a 650-meter step-out NW from discovery SES002, intersects 5.5 meters of massive sulfide mineralization with positive gold and silver results, and including 5.0 meters @ 0.64% Copper, 0.94% Lead, and 1.54% Zinc.

·SES006, a 50-meter step-out NW from SES002, intersects 1.5 meters of VMS mineralization @ 1.66% Copper, 2.3% Lead, and 3.66% Zinc.

A further five holes were then drilled to follow-up on the prior eight-hole program. The highlight of this follow-up program is a thick massive sulfide intercept in drill hole SES010, which started at a depth of 228.40 meters, and continued for 57.85 meters to 286.25 meters depth. Average grades for the entire massive sulfide intercept are: 0.32% copper, 0.61% lead, 1.95% zinc, 0.45 g/t gold, and 25.1 g/t silver. True thickness of the intercept is estimated to be approximately 35 to 40 meters. The joint-venture partners completed 13 holes, over a total strike length of 1,700 meters, at Sesmarias, for a total of 3,807 meters in the general target area. The Sesmarias target zone is heavily faulted, and the rocks are strongly contorted and displaced, which makes exploration extremely difficult. Despite these difficulties, the results from the drill programs continue to clearly indicate the potential for a large-scale mineralized system.

Drilling at the Alvalade project resumed on October 28, 2015 with funding by the new joint-venture partner Colt.  In the new phase of drilling, the partners planned to drill 5,000 to 6,000 meters, mostly in the immediate area of the Sesmarias copper-zinc discovery.


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On February 3, 2016, the Company announced results from the drilling. Analytical results from four diamond drill holes completed in late 2015 in the area of previously-drilled SES010 (58 meters @ 0.32% Cu, 0.61% Pb, 1.95% Zn, 0.45 g/t Au, 25 g/t Ag) confirm and extend the massive sulfide lens to a present length of 300 meters with a 35-40 meter thickness.  The lens is open to the northwest and down dip to the northeast.  Following are the results from the recent drilling.

Drill hole ID From (m) To<br><br><br>(m) Intercept (m) Cu (%) Pb (%) Zn (%) Au (g/t) Ag (g/t)
SES019 263.50 315.20 51.70 0.44 0.75 2.71 0.40 17.35
including 264.15 299.05 34.90 0.40 0.99 3.46 0.38 20.67
and including 280.45 290.95 10.50 0.36 1.71 5.18 0.37 21.71
SES020 277.85 287.55 9.70 0.25 0.57 0.99 0.47 24.70
297.70 319.95 22.25 0.55 0.59 0.66 0.53 20.54
325.00 334.10 9.10 0.32 0.14 0.52 0.68 11.31
337.85 356.65 18.80 0.33 0.14 0.64 0.26 6.40
SES021 262.85 277.65 14.80 0.36 0.29 0.40 0.43 9.82
SES022 323.90 376.00 52.10 0.43 0.49 0.98 0.62 17.31

Results from recently-completed downhole geophysics, utilizing the “mise-a-la-masse” (MALM) method, combined with historic ground magnetics data, suggest that the sulfide lens may continue another 300 meters or more to the northwest from SES022.  Future drilling will test this target area.

The drill core was transported by Company personnel from the drill sites to a nearby secure storage facility for logging and sampling. The sample intervals were one meter, unless visual inspection of the core indicated that a slightly different interval was necessary to preserve continuity of mineralization and rock type for analysis. One half of the core was collected and sent to the geochemical laboratory, while the remaining half of the core was retained in the core boxes for future reference. All samples were sent by courier or transported by Company personnel to the ALS Minerals sample preparation facility in Seville, Spain. ALS shipped the prepped material to their main European analytical laboratory located in Loughrea, Ireland. The samples were analyzed by ICP methods for copper, lead, zinc, and silver, and by fire assay with an AAS finish for gold. In addition to ALS Minerals quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) of all work orders, the Joint Venture conducted its own standard, internal QA/QC from results generated by the systematic inclusion of certified reference materials, blank samples, and field duplicate samples. The analytical results from the quality control samples in the Sesmarias work orders have been evaluated, and conform to industry best-practice standards.

Current and Anticipated Exploration

Recent geochemical sampling, using ultra-trace level detection methods to analyze for base metals and a suite of pathfinder elements, in the area of the original SES002 discovery hole, has demonstrated even further northwest extension potential for the SES010 massive sulphide lens. Technical understanding of the sub-surface geology also suggests a possible extension of the lens to the southeast of up to 100 meters. There is also potential for further extension of the SES002 discovery lens, which now appears to be a separate lens from the SES010 lens. It is common to have multiple massive sulphide lenses in Pyrite Belt deposits.

In addition to further downdip and strike length massive sulphide targets found along the 1.8-kilometer trend of Sesmarias mineralization, there are at least four other separate, drill-ready targets in the immediate Sesmarias area, a significant target in the Pombal area located about 10 km southeast of Sesmarias, and several targets at the Monte da Bela Vista stockwork discovery located about 10 km north of Sesmarias, all on the Neves Corvo mineral trend.


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Picture 1

Furthermore, with completion of recent internal studies of the Sesmarias-Lousal-Monte da Bela Vista area, the Company anticipates the potential and possibility of creating a new mineral district that combines the positive results from the Sesmarias area, located seven kilometers south of the old Lousal Mine, to the Monte da Bela Vista stockwork mineralization, located two kilometers north of Lousal, with the Lousal Mine, itself. Review of historic Lousal Mine resource and production reports suggests that copper/zinc-bearing massive sulphide mineralization remains in the immediate area of the historic mine workings. The Company will work towards establishing a continuum and enlargement of the massive sulphide mineralization between all three target areas.

Ongoing geological review of Sesmarias area core, along with subsequent interpretation and three-dimensional (3D) modeling of the data, suggests a simplified deposition history of mineralization and surrounding rock units. Using the newly developed information, the Company’s geologists see continued potential in the SES002 (“2”) Lens and in the SES010 (“10”) Lens. The new work indicates the possibility that a third lens may be located between widely-spaced drill holes SES008 and SES009 (the “8” Lens).

The 2 Lens is characterized by higher grade mineralization, including 10.85 meters @ 1.81% Cu; 75.27 ppm Ag; 2.57% Pb; 4.38% Zn; 0.13% Sn, although at this point, the extents of the mineralized envelope are undefined. The new 3D modeling suggests that the Lens is oriented in a non-parallel direction to the 10 Lens, which may explain why previous follow-up drilling did not significantly extend the discovery area. The Company also sent massive sulfide mineralization for analysis from previously-drilled hole SES003, which intersected the 2 Lens, but was never analyzed.

The 10 Lens, as defined by previous drilling, currently measures approximately 400 meters long, 30 meters wide, and tested to a depth of nearly 200 meters. It is open to the south, north, and to depth. The new drilling targets its extension to the north and potential for increasing copper and zinc grades.


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The 8 Lens has been tentatively defined by the area between, and including, two drillholes: SES008 and SES009. Located 500 meters apart, SES008 and SES009 contained narrow zones of sulfide mineralization apparently truncated (from the previous interpretation) by faulting. The SES008 intercept included 5.0 meters @ 0.64% Cu; 36.8 ppm Ag; 0.94% Pb; 1.54% Zn. The SES009 drill hole contained 4.0 meters of pyrite mineralization. The new interpretation suggests that the 8 lens is dipping to the northwest, and that SES008 and SES009 intercepted the outer edge of the mineralized lens.

On November 30, 2018, the Company announced startup of drilling at the Alvalade project. The Company would drill approximately 2,500 meters in five to seven diamond drill holes to enlarge and upgrade at least two lenses of copper- and zinc-bearing massive sulfide mineralization discovered by Avrupa during previous exploration work in the target area.  Drill plans for this program include enlargement/upgrade targets on all three lenses. The recent 3D modeling has given good support for placement of drill collars that will potentially upgrade the Sesmarias prospect.

The Company completed six holes totaling 2,498 meters. The drilling program successfully tested a new exploration model and concepts, with the following important results:

·Provided a much higher degree of predictability in location of mineralization in the immediate Sesmarias Project area, as the new model was tested successfully in all six drill holes;

·Enlarged the “10” Lens from 300 meters strike length to at least 600 meters long, up to 400 meters wide, and 25 meters thick (SES026 and SES027);

·Discovered the footwall feeder zone stockwork for the “8” Lens (SES028);

·Intercepted the edge of the “2” Lens/Horizon (SES025 and SES030);

·Intercepted a stockwork-stringer sulfide zone above the “10” Lens, providing evidence for a new, fourth lens/horizon, noted for now, as the “26” Horizon (SES026);

·Showed that mineralization is open to the east up to the bounding fault;

·Showed that mineralization is open to the west up to the boundary of the Devonian-age Volcano-Sedimentary (VS) host rocks for mineralization and the overlying Tertiary-age gravels and semi-consolidated sediments.

In March 2019, the Company reported on drilling results at the Alvalade project. Highlights from the program include the following results:

**·**SES026 intercepted 28.95 meters of 0.48% copper, 0.77 g/t gold, 15.7 ppm silver, 0.52% lead and 1.31% zinc.

·SES026 extended the “10” Lens by 300 meters to the north from previous drilling.

·The “10” Lens is now at 600 meters x 300 meters x 25 meters.

·Mise-à-la-masse (MALM) geophysical anomalism extends another 150 meters past SES026 location.

·SES028 intercepted the edge of a significant feeder zone stockwork beneath the “8” Lens.  Assays indicated anomalous gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc throughout the entire length of the stockwork from 373.40 meters to 460.80 meters in depth, beneath the 8 Lens.

·Discovered a possible new mineralized horizon in SES026, located above the “10” Lens, and intersected it again in SES027 and SES029.

·Confirmed that the high grade “2” Lens is a fault-bounded fragment of massive sulfide mineralization with origin yet to be determined. Hole SES003, drilled previously on this target, is now also being assayed and will be reported shortly.

·Continued re-logging of historic drill holes has upgraded targets in the northern portions of the Sesmarias Prospect.

·Each hole drilled in this exploration phase of the Project has enhanced the revamping of the exploration model.  Combined with strong assay results in SES026, in particular, the information will be used in the next drill targeting exercise for this large area.


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SES026 intercepted 28.95 meters of massive sulfide mineralization grading 0.48% copper and 0.77 g/t gold, extending the “10” massive sulfide lens to at least 600 meters in strike length.  The top seven meters of the intercept contained higher grade silver, copper, lead, and zinc, followed by a nine-meter interval of 1.09 g/t gold, as shown in the table below. The hole was collared on a geophysical anomaly which extends a further 150 meters beyond the SES026 location.  At this time, the estimated average dimensions of the 10 Lens are 600 meters long x 300 meters wide x 25 meters thick.  The mineralization is open to the east boundary fault and to the west intersection of the Devonian host rocks and the Tertiary gravels.  The lens appears to be cut by post-mineral dikes to the north and remains open to the south, though faulting may truncate the lens about 100 meters south of SES021.

SES026 From (m) To<br><br><br>(m) Intercept (m) Au (g/t) Ag (ppm) Cu (%) Pb (%) Zn (%)
Total lens 385.70 414.65 28.95 0.77 15.7 0.48 0.52 1.31
Base metal zone 385.70 392.70 7.00 0.52 19.0 0.66 0.57 1.44
Gold zone 392.70 401.70 9.00 1.09 13.7 0.40 .50 1.31

Mineralization in SES026 showed significantly higher gold values compared to previous drilling on the 10 Lens, as shown below, as well as slightly higher overall copper values.

Drill hole ID From (m) To<br><br><br>(m) Intercept (m) Au (g/t) Ag (ppm) Cu (%) Pb (%) Zn (%)
SES010 228.40 286.25 57.85 0.45 25.1 0.32 0.61 1.95
SES019 263.50 315.20 51.70 0.40 17.35 0.44 0.75 2.71
including 264.15 299.05 34.90 0.38 20.67 0.40 0.99 3.46
and including 280.45 290.95 10.50 0.37 21.71 0.36 1.71 5.18
SES020 277.85 287.55 9.70 0.47 24.70 0.25 0.57 0.99
297.70 319.95 22.25 0.53 20.54 0.55 0.59 0.66
325.00 334.10 9.10 0.68 11.31 0.32 0.14 0.52
337.85 356.65 18.80 0.26 6.40 0.33 0.14 0.64
SES021 262.85 277.65 14.80 0.43 9.82 0.36 0.29 0.40
SES022 323.90 376.00 52.10 0.62 17.31 0.43 0.49 0.98

The Sesmarias Prospect area continues for a further 1000 meters to the north of the area of the present phase of drilling.

SES028 hit 87.40 meters of stockwork quartz-iron sulfide veining that marks the possible edge of a feeder zone for the previously discovered “8” Lens.  Assays indicated anomalous gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc throughout the entire length of the stockwork from 373.40 meters to 460.80 meters in depth, beneath the 8 Lens. Examples of variable intervals of anomalism include:

From (m) To (m) Total (m) Au (ppm) Ag (ppm) Cu (ppm) Pb (%) Zn (%)
373.40 399.95 26.55 0.09
373.40 405.65 32.25 0.3
379.20 387.60 8.40 0.26
393.40 398.30 4.90 0.28
444.30 460.80 16.50 8.8 0.24 0.44
447.30 460.80 13.50 0.18

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SES026, SES027, and SES029 intersected a horizon of stockwork quartz-sulfide veining located 20-40 meters above the “10” lens.  While mostly iron sulfides, the location of the horizon suggests potential for another possible mineral layer in the Sesmarias massive sulfide system.

The Company also provided assay results for drill hole SES003 which was drilled on the Alvalade Project in 2014, but not analyzed until 2019 due to its general proximity and similar visible characteristics to drill hole SES002. The SES003 assays were completed now in order to be added into Avrupa’s 3D model of the “2” Lens.  Hole SES002 is the Sesmarias “2” Lens discovery hole, and its assay results are also shown below.  SES003 added approximately 18 meters of dip length to the “2” Lens, as calculated in 2014.  Results from SES003 are comparable to those from SES002, as shown in the tables below.

Hole SES003
SULFIDE TYPE FROM TO TOTAL Cu % Ag ppm Pb % Zn % Sn % Co %
Massive/semi-massive 132.05 145.70 13.65 1.92 38.8 1.03 1.91 0.03 0.103
FROM TO TOTAL Cu ppm Ag ppm Pb ppm Zn ppm --- Co ppm
Weak/moderate stockwork 145.70 152.50 6.80 4133 7.42 3908 11645 --- 296
Hole SES002<br><br><br>(Previously Reported)
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
SULFIDE TYPE FROM TO TOTAL Cu % Ag ppm Pb % Zn % Sn % Co %
Massive/semi-massive 151.65 162.50 10.85 1.81 75.3 2.57 4.38 0.13 0.075
FROM TO TOTAL Cu ppm Ag ppm Pb ppm Zn ppm --- Co ppm
Weak/moderate stockwork 162.50 168.50 6.00 4514 10.57 1886 4838 --- 528

To date, Avrupa has drilled seven closely-spaced, shallow core holes in the area of SES002 and SES003 to determine possible extent of the “2” Lens. Avrupa also conducted several types of downhole and surface geophysical surveys.  Intercepts of broken massive sulfide mineralization in SES005, SES006, and SES007, along with results from the geophysical work, and review of the actual core material in all of the holes suggested that mineralization comprising the “2” Lens occurred in a fault zone (now understood as the eastern boundary fault described in the news releases of February 11, 2019 and March 11, 2019).  The interpretations from the 2014 drilling program suggested that the possible extents of the “2” Lens were on the order of 100-125 meters dip x 50-75 meters strike, and 5-10 meters thickness, as demonstrated in the following cross section and map view of the mineralization.

The program continues to be highly successful, accomplishing goals of better technical understanding of the Sesmarias mineralizing system and significantly enlarging it. This self-funded drilling program is the seventh phase of drilling to be completed by Avrupa Minerals on the Alvalade license. In addition to further targets in the immediate Sesmarias Project area, additional future drilling is anticipated for the Sesmarias-Lousal-Monte da Bela Vista District, as well as in other Avrupa generated target areas with related Pyrite Belt-style massive sulfide targets and mineralization.

The initiation of the first stage of exploration by MAEPA was delayed due to the COVID-19 situation in Portugal and Spain. Portugal was declared to be in a State of Emergency on March 18^th^, 2020 which included the suspension of most government operations and private enterprises. On May 2^nd^, the Emergency was cancelled and a multi-phased plan to ease restrictions and reopen the Country and its economy was initiated.

On June 25, 2020, the Company announced that the five-year Experimental Exploitation License (“EEL”) was issued to PorMining for the Alvalade project. Work commenced with the review and full compilation of all historic data from the license area. Initial physical work included re-logging selected Sesmarias core, first logging and sampling of available, prior-to-Avrupa, historic core, geochemical exploration in selected target areas and Sesmarias extensions, and property-wide geophysics.


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In October 2020, the Company announced that the Company would start a 7,000 to 8,000 meter diamond drilling program at the Alvalade Project. The program would test the Sesmarias copper-zinc massive sulfide discovery along strike to both the north and south, as well as the Monte da Bela Vista stockwork zone, located approximately nine kilometers north of Sesmarias. The Company would also drill at a number of other attractive massive sulfide targets around the 115-square kilometer license during the early stages of the program.


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The Alvalade Experimental Exploitation license covers at least five target basin areas, each with numerous potential drill target setup locations. Sesmarias has seen the most recent work due to Avrupa’s copperand zinc-bearing massive sulfide discovery in 2014. Other areas, including Monte da Bela Vista, Lousal, and Caveira. still need first-and second-pass, discovery-oriented drilling. An airborne electromagnetic survey to be conducted late in calendar 2020 will cover the license from the Caveira Mine in the north to the south end of the Sesmarias zone. Results of this survey will assist in delineating further massive sulfide targets in this area.

The Joint Venture exploration team would also commence with a thorough compilation and detailed study of the historic Lousal Mine data with the expectation of delineating new, previously untested targets close to and within the old mine workings’ area. The Lousal Mine is located 1.5 kilometers south of Monte da Bela Vista, and about seven kilometers north of Sesmarias, but separated by a major fault zone. Geologically, it is possible that the


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Sesmarias and Lousal massive sulfide lenses were originally part of the same deposit more than 360 million years ago when Pyrite Belt mineralization formed, but movement along the later fault system separated the zones.

The Company previously acquired a large amount of data for the Lousal Mine which was digitized, but not fully compiled. During 2018, the Company performed a basic review of the data, including a partial collection of annual mine production reports from 1900 to 1988. The reports suggested that miners extracted upwards of 15-20 million metric tonnes of copper-zinciron- bearing massive sulfide material from a number of lenses in the Lousal Mine.

Drilling began on the project in December 2020. In previous work at Sesmarias, Avrupa outlined four immediate target zones around the massive sulfide discovery, beyond downdip targets along the actual mineral lenses, Lens 2, Lens 8, and Lens 10. To date, Lens 8 has seen the least amount of development. Re-logging of previous Avrupa drilling by company and partner geologists along the Sesmarias discovery zone is providing an enhanced look into the targeting for new, additional mineralization. The first holes in this drilling phase will be set to extend Lens 8 towards the area of the “Northern Deep” targets, which will be designated the Brejo area, for both strike-length and dip-length extensions of the copper-zinc-iron sulfide zone. In total, the Company expects to drill 7-8,000 meters in the current program.

In addition to the drilling, a helicopter-supported VTEM electromagnetic survey commenced in mid-December, covering the northern 3/4 of the Alvalade License. The survey will cover four of the five major basins on the property, including Lousal, Monte da Bela Vista, Cabeça Gorda, and Caveira. Results from this program will assist in delineating further massive sulfide targets, particularly in the license area between Sesmarias and the historic Canal Caveira massive sulfide deposit located at the north end of the license. Initial orientation flights over the Sesmarias and Lousal massive sulfide deposits will be of significant value for determining the important geophysical characteristics of these deposits.

On February 24, 2021, the Company presented the initial progress report on drilling to date. Two diamond drill holes, totaling 874 meters, have been completed, and a third hole has been started in the SES008 area, testing northern extensions of the Sesmarias copper-zinc-iron sulfide mineralization. Avrupa discovered massive sulfide mineralization at Sesmarias in 2014, and intermittent drilling since then increased the known strike length of the massive lenses to 1.6 kilometers. The present work is the initial attempt to expand the mineralization to the north from SES008 to the Brejo area (formerly designated as Sesmarias North or Northern Deep target). Wide-spaced, historic drilling suggests strong possibility of massive sulfide mineralization in the Brejo target area.

Hole SES20-031 **** targeted potential massive sulfide mineralization related to the SES008 intercept. The hole continued to 536 meters depth, in several places intersecting the specific black shale unit that hosts massive sulfide mineralization at Sesmarias and at the Lousal Mine, located six kilometers to the north. Detailed review of the core showed that for its entire length, the drill hole passed through intensely folded rock units of the Volcano-Sedimentary Formation, the general host of mineralization throughout the Iberian Pyrite Belt. Overall, however, the drillhole roughly paralleled the major trend of bedding, allowing only for narrow true widths of mineralized intercepts.

The drillhole skirted or skimmed the main target zone, for the length of the hole. Previous work by Avrupa suggested that individual massive sulfide lenses were oriented ± vertically, but often dipping steeply to the NE. However, detailed re-logging of Sesmarias area core and subsequent first-logging of SES20-031 lead to the conclusion that intense folding of the limb of a much larger, overall westerly-dipping fold system is a realistic reason as to why drilling has not yet cut significant thicknesses of massive sulfide – i.e., the drilling roughly parallels the target host unit and never really crosses mineralization at a favorable angle.

The thickest intercept occurs at 277.70 to 288.45 meters, where drilling skimmed the top of a possible folded/faulted massive sulfide lens. Rocks in the intercept zone are dominantly silica, containing disseminated sulfides, zones of banded sulfide mineralization, sulfide breccias, and one interval of approximately 0.5 meters of massive sulfide material. The intercept includes a 3.8-meter thick, weakly mineralized fault zone. The following table shows the metals’ values of the intercept.


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From To Total Copper Lead
277.70 288.45 10.75 0.19% 0.74%
including
279.20 281.45 2.25 0.35% 1.73%
281.45 285.25 3.80 Fault zone
285.25 288.45 3.20 0.33% 1.12%

Following the completion of SES20-031, a downhole electromagnetic (DEM) survey was performed which produced a strong conductive response in the rocks located above the path of the drill hole. Using this information, the second hole was targeted in the “8” Lens zone directly at the conductor. SES21-032 continued to a depth of 338 meters. At 201 to 211 meters, the drill hole passed through the Sesmarias mineral horizon, a zone of weakly pyritic, quartz vein-rich, broken, graphitic gray and black shales which is interpreted to be the DEM conductor, and likely to represent a distal zone of potential massive sulfide mineralization in the “8” Lens area. The drill hole is now undergoing detail-logging and sampling of the shale zone. The pattern of intense folding and faulting continues in this hole, but it appears that it intersected shale units originally located further away from the main part of the target unit.

Drill hole SES21-033 is planned for a depth of 500 to 600 meters and is designed to target potential downdip massive sulfide mineralization beneath holes SES008 and SES20-031. Following the completion of SES21-033, drilling is scheduled to move to the northwest of SES008 to potentially increase the strike length of the 8 Lens. The geological team continues to assess the historical core in the Brejo area and has started to map geological structures visible in the old Lousal Mine workings. Initial work there clearly shows similarity of ore control characteristics to known Sesmarias massive sulfide mineralization.

Mertola

In June 2014, the Company received a new license for the Mertola project, which is located in the Pyrite belt of southern Portugal. It is east of Neves Corvo, and covers the eastern Portuguese portion of the Sao Domingos VMS target belt.

During 2019, the Company applied to DGEG to drop the Mertola license. As of April 30, 2021, DGEG had not yet processed the application.

Generative work

The Company is continuing prospecting for additional properties in other parts of Portugal, using its experience-amassed database to review old prospects and districts from new angles and to develop wholly new generative ideas. The Company has identified several potential new areas of interest, and maintains excellent relations with both the Mining Bureau and the Geological Survey in Portugal.

Kosovo

The Company advanced its property interests in Kosovo though its 100% owned subsidiary Innomatik Exploration Kosovo (IEK). The Company initially purchased a 92.5% interest in IEK in July 2010. During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company acquired the remaining 7.5% interest in IEK.

The Slivovo license, located approximately 15 km southeast of Prishtine, the capital city of Kosovo, and covering 15.2 km2, was issued to the Company on June 27, 2012.

On December 31, 2019, the Company wrote down its interest in Slivovo by $143,154 to $1 as the Company was in negotiations with the Kosovo Mining Bureau, along with Byrnecut and Peshter Mining as to how to possibly extend the life of this license. During fiscal 2020, Byrnecut decided not to proceed with advancing Slivovo. Rather than dropping the license and potentially allowing a third party to stake the open land, Innomatik Exploration Kosovo LLC (“IEK”), Byrnecut and Peshter Mining entered into a binding term sheet (the “TS”) whereby the


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parties set out the terms on which Peshter Mining would surrender the existing tenements, thereby enabling IEK to apply, as sole beneficial owner, for one or more tenements over the entirety of the tenement area. The license was officially released back to the government and IEK reapplied for the vacated license. The application was reviewed by the board of directors of the Mining Bureau, but no decision was made by the time of their final meeting of their term in office, leaving the decision to a new incoming board of directors. While a new board has not been appointed, the Company remains in discussion with the Mining Bureau concerning the issuance of a new exploration license for the Slivovo property. As of December 31, 2020, the Company wrote off $1.

As consideration for Byrnecut ensuring that Peshter Mining complies with its obligations under the TS, IEK must pay to Byrnecut milestone cash payments totaling €375,000 and milestone gold payments totaling 850 troy ounces of gold as follows:

Cash

·€125,000 within 30 days of the first to occur of the completion of a positive bankable feasibility study or the board of directors of IEK making a decision to proceed with the development of a commercial mining operation in respect of all or any part of the tenement area;

·€125,000 within 30 days of issue of a mining license in respect of all or any party of the tenement area; and

·€125,000 within 30 days of commencement of construction of a mine within the tenement area.

Gold

·100 troy ounces within 30 days of commencement of commercial production (“CCP”);

·175 troy ounces within 30 days of the one-year anniversary of CCP;

·250 troy ounces within 30 days of the two-year anniversary of CCP; and

·325 troy ounces within 30 days of the three-year anniversary of CCP.

Metovit ( Kamenica ) The original Kamenica license was renewed for two years under the new Mining Law.  The size of the license was reduced by 50% to approximately 45 km^2^. Targets in the Kamenica license are located 2 to 5 kilometers, along strike, from the historic Artana (Novo Brdo) silver/lead/zinc/gold mine. The Artana Mine has operated intermittently since Saxon times in the 12^th^ to 14^th^ centuries. On February 14, 2012, the Company announced that it completed an initial round of exploratory drilling in late 2011 on the Kamenica license. Two core holes, totaling 382.6 meters, were completed at two separate targets located about three kilometers apart. The most interesting of the two holes, at the Metovic target, intercepted multiple generations of visible Fe-Zn-Pb sulfide mineralization in pervasive disseminations and stockwork quartz veining, hosted by strongly altered, calcareous silt and sandstones over the entire 193.3-meter length of the hole. The hole bottomed in altered quartz diorite porphyry and brecciated quartz diorite containing fragments of the porphyry. The widespread anomalous sulfide mineralization and strong alteration may indicate the presence of a possible large porphyry-style system within the Kamenica license.

The second hole, at the Grbes target, encountered pyritic gneisses from close to the surface to 120 meters depth, followed by sooty, pyritic black shales and graphitic schists to the bottom of the hole at 189.3 meters.  These strongly altered rock units do not appear at the surface, and are of an older Vardar formation that has been uplifted in this portion of the exploration area.  Further work is necessary to assist in targeting for a possible large mineral system.

The Kamenica license was dropped, but replaced by the fully-overlapping new Metovit application which was been approved by ICMM.  In February 2016, Byrnecut advanced €31,871 for the Company to meet 2016 legal work commitments and further advance this property. The 2016 exploration program included geological and geochemical reviews which continued at the end of 2016 and into the first month of 2017.  About 700 samples were sent to the lab, and the results have been tabulated, compiled and reviewed.  Results of the sampling indicated geochemical anomalism along certain structures crossing the license. However, there were only a few indications of wide zones of potential mineralization. The initial period of the Metovit project expired, and the Kosovo Mining Bureau issued an extension to January 31, 2021.


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In January 2021, the Company dropped the Metovit property.

Other Kosovo Projects

During calendar 2021, the Company incorporated a wholly-owned subsidiary AVU Kosova LLC.

Germany

The Company had an 85% interest in an exploration license located in the Free State of Saxony, eastern Germany. This exploration license was granted through the mining bureau of the Free State of Saxony, called the Sachsisches Oberbergamt.  The Company received this license in approximately 6 months after application. Oelsnitz

The Company had earned an 85% interest in the Oelsnitz property under its agreement with Beak Consultants GmbH (‘Beak”) by spending €140,000. There was no royalty attached to the property. During fiscal 2020, the Company dropped the property.

Item 5.  Operating and Financial Review and Prospects Overview

The Company's financial statements are stated in Canadian Dollars (CDN$) and are prepared in accordance with IFRS.  The value of the U.S. Dollar in relationship to the Canadian Dollar was $1.28 on December 31, 2020.

The Company has since inception financed its activities through the issuance of equity.  The Company anticipates having to raise additional funds by equity issuance in the next several years, as all of the Company’s properties are at the exploration stage. The timing of such offerings is dependent upon the success of the Company’s exploration programs as well as the general economic climate.

Set out below is the operating and financial review for the financial years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. All per share amounts have been adjusted for the 1 for 4 common stock consolidation effective December 21, 2020.

Operating Results

Year ended December 31, 20 20 vs. year ended December 31, 201 9

During fiscal 2020, the Company continued its focus on the Alvalade property. A new exploration program, including drilled, commenced with funding from MATSA.

The comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $155,697, or ($0.00) per share, compared to a loss of $2,076,885, or ($0.08) per share, for the year ended December 31, 2019. Mineral exploration expenses were $80,343 (Year ended December 31, 2019 - $566,427), and reimbursement from optionee was $434,982 (2019 - $291,680).

Excluding the non-cash depreciation of $13,303 (2019 - $3,496) and share-based payment of $Nil (2019 - $9,369) related to the grant and vesting of stock options, the Company’s general and administrative expenses totaled $481,056 during the year ended December 31, 2020 (2019 - $535,389), a decrease of $54,333. The decrease was primarily due to lower investor relations fees of $94,314 (2019 - $139,494), a decrease of professional fees of $129,511 (2019 - $191,238), and a decrease in travel to $8,329 (2019 - $35,723). Consulting fees, wages and benefits increased to $192,577 (2019 - $117,278) as Paul Kuhn’s management fee was allocated as a consulting fee in the current year while it was allocated to different properties in 2019. Transfer agent fees rose to $18,648 ($9,472).


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Other items included interest income of $8 (2019 - $148) and foreign exchange gain of $802 (2019 – loss of $195) due to more favorable exchange rates. Disposal of equipment was $Nil (2019 - gain of $6,643).

During 2020, the Company wrote-off exploration and evaluation assets of $1 which represents the remaining capitalized value of the Slivovo property acquisition cost. During 2019, the Company had a write-down of exploration and evaluation assets of $1,239,994 as the Marateca license was officially dropped, and the capitalized amounts on the Slivovo project were written-down to $1. Write-down of tax deposits was $41,200 which was related to amounts for the dropped properties. Exchange differences arising on the translation of foreign subsidiaries was a loss of $16,786 in 2020 (2019 - gain of $20,714).

During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company expensed exploration costs totaling $80,343 including $68,960 on Alvalade, $1,968 on Slivovo and $9,415 on other projects in Kosovo.

Year ended December 31, 201 9 vs. year ended December 31, 201 8

During fiscal 2019, the Company focused on the Alvalade property. The drill program on Sesmarias Prospect was concluded and the definitive Earn-in and Joint-Venture agreement with MATSA on the project was signed.

The comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2019 $2,076,885, or $(0.08) per shares, compared to a comprehensive loss of $1,901,880, or ($0.08) per share, for the year ended December 31, 2018. Mineral exploration expenses were $566,427 (Year ended December 31, 2018 - $2,276,286), which were partially offset by advances from optionees of $291,680 (2018 - $1,189,652). Excluding the non-cash depreciation of $3,496 (2018 - $Nil) and share-based payment of $9,369 (2018 - $141,124) related to the grant and vesting of stock options, the Company’s general and administrative expenses totaled $535,389 during the year ended December 31, 2019 (2018 - $614,322), a decrease of $78,933. The decrease was primarily due to lower consulting fees of $117,278 (2018 - $143,332), lower professional fees of $191,238 (2018 - $231,065), lower travel expense of $35,723 (2018 - $35,723), and decreased office and administrative fees of $19,052 (2018 - $28,686), which were all related to reduced property investigations and corporate activities. Other expenses saw only slight changes, including bank charges of $1,784 (2018 - $4,661), investor relations expense of $139,494 (2018 - $132,189), listing and filing fees of $9,062 (2018 - $8,791), rent expense of $12,286 (2018 - $9,000) and transfer agent fees of $9,472 (2018 - $9,670).

Other items included interest income of $148 (2018 - $1.181), other income of $Nil (2018 - $6,014), and foreign exchange loss of $195 (2018 – loss of $485) which declined due to more favorable exchange rates. Disposal of equipment was a gain of $6,643 (2018 – $Nil).

During 2019, the Company had a write-down of exploration and evaluation assets of $1,239,994 as the Marateca license was officially dropped, and the capitalized amounts on the Slivovo project were written-down to $1.Write-down of tax deposits was $41,200 which was related to amounts for the dropped properties. Exchange differences arising on the translation of foreign subsidiaries was a a gain of $20,714 (2018 – loss of $16,548).

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company expensed exploration costs totaling $566,427 including $93,492 on Alvito, $398,196 on Alvalade, $28,812 on other projects in Portugal and $45,927 on other projects in Kosovo.

Year ended December 31, 201 8 vs. year ended December 31, 201 7

During fiscal 2018, a drill program was successfully completed on the Alvito property, and a drill program was begun on the Sesmarias Prospect located on the Alvalade license which was completed subsequent to the year-end.

The comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2018 was $1,901,880, or ($0.08) per share, compared to a comprehensive loss of $1,879,521, or ($0.08) per share, for the year ended December 31, 2017. Mineral exploration expenses were $2,276,286 (Year ended December 31, 2017 - $1,742,813), which were partially offset


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by advances from optionees of $1,189,652 (2017 - $780,195). Excluding the non-cash depreciation of $Nil (2017 - $2,589) and share-based payment of $141,124 (2017 - $110,564) related to the grant and vesting of stock options, the Company’s general and administrative expenses totaled $614,322 during the year ended December 31, 2018 (2017 - $750,542), a decrease of $136,220. The decrease was primarily due to lower investor relations expense of $132,189 (2017 - $292,430) and travel of $46,928 (2017 - $66,882). Consulting rose to $143,332 (2017 - $124,520), while professional fees rose to $231,065 from $203,662. Other expenses saw only slight changes, including bank charges of $4,661 (2017 - $3,875), listing and filing fees of $8,791 (2017 - $10,485), office and administrative of $28,686 (2017 - $29,070), rent of $9,000 (2017 - $9,000), telephone of $nil (2017 - $37) and transfer agent fees of $9,671 (2017 - $10,581). Other items included interest income of $1,181 (2017 - $2,068), other income of $6,014 (2017 - $2,837), and foreign exchange loss of $485 (2017 – loss of $11,494) which declined due to more favorable exchange rates. There was no loss on disposal of equipment (2017 – loss of $2,105) or write-down of due from optionee (2017 –loss of $1). During 2018, the Company had write-down of property deposits of $49,962 as the Company determined that cash pledged for work on dropped properties would not be completed and those amounts were written off. This amount was somewhat offset by cash deposited by a former optionee on the Alvalade property which was assigned to the Company. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the remaining acquisition and capitalized exploration expenditures on the Covas property of $71,289 were written down as the project was dropped. Exchange differences arising on the translation of foreign subsidiaries was a loss of $16,548 (2017 – gain of $26,776).

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company expensed exploration costs totaling $2,276,286 including $848,219 on Alvalade, $12,898 on Covas, $1,079,479 on Alvito, $225,284 on other projects in Portugal, $Nil on Slivovo, $89,808 on other projects in Kosovo, $Nil in Germany, and $20,598 on others.

Liquidity and Capital Resources As at December 31, 2020, the Company had a working capitaldeficit of $614,342 (December 31, 2019 – working capital deficit of $963,773). With respect to working capital, the Company had cash of $205,238 (December 31, 2019 - $58,343). The decrease in cash was due to administrative expenses and exploration expenditures on the Company’s mineral properties during the year. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company completed one private placement of its common shares:

On October 23, 2020, the Company completed a non-brokered private placement of 4,219,641 common share units at a price of $0.12 per unit for gross proceeds of $506,357. Each unit consists of one common share and one non-transferable share purchase warrant. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share at a price of $0.20 per share until October 23, 2023.

As of December 31, 2020, the Company has no outstanding commitments The Company has not pledged any of its assets as security for loans other than €1,000 ($1,561) cash pledge for its exploration licenses in Portugal and is not subject to any debt covenants. The Company issues stock in private placements, option payments from joint venture partners, direct funding by joint venture for the exploration of the Company’s properties, and the exercise of warrants, finders’ warrants, and options. The Company believes that sufficient funding from warrants, options, JV partners and the possible sale of additional equity will allow its efforts to continue throughout 2021. If the market conditions worsen or improve, the Company will make adjustment to budgets accordingly.

The current property exploration budget for fiscal 2021, exclusive of the amounts to be spent by the Company’s’ joint-venture partners, is limited. The Company may file applications for new exploration licenses in Portugal, depending on the available funds. The General and Administrative expenses for 2021 are budgeted at approximately $600,000.


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The Company has financed its operations through the issuance of common shares. The following sales and issuances of common stock have been completed in the last 5 fiscal years. All share amounts have been adjusted for the 1 for 4 common share consolidation effective December 21, 2020.

Table No. 5

Common Share Issuances

Year<br><br><br>Ended Type of Share Issuance Number of Common Shares Issued Price Gross Proceeds
December 31, 2016 Private Placement 3,386,750 $  0.40 $  1,354,700
Exercise of Options 50,000 0.40 20,000
Exercise of Finders’ Options 113,250 0.40 45,300
Exercise of Warrants 1,143,250 0.60 685,950
December 31, 2017 Private Placement 625,000 $  0.36 $     225,000
Private Placement 2,542,500 0.40 1,017,000
December 31, 2018 Private Placement 1,718,750 $  0.32 $     550,000
Private Placement 3,660,000 0.20 732,000
December 31, 2019 Private Placement 500,000 $ 0.20 $     100,000
Private Placement 910,000 0.20 182,000
December 31, 2020 Private Placement 4,219,641 $ 0.12 $     506,357

Year Ended December 31, 2020

As at December 31, 2020, the Company had a working capital deficit of $614,342 (December 31, 2019 – working capital deficit of $963,773).

During the year, Operating Activities used cash of ($344,967), including the loss for the year of ($138,911). Items not involving cash include depreciation of $13,303 and write-down of exploration and evaluation assets of $1. Changes in non-cash working capital items include an increase in VAT receivables of ($4,880); an increase in due from optionees of ($27,355); an increase in prepaid expenses and advances of ($23,432); a decrease in other receivables of $602; investment in PorMining used cash of ($765); a decrease in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of ($363,267); an increase in accounts payable owed by optionees of $29,627; an increase in due from/to related parties of $188,949; and exchange difference arising on the translation of foreign subsidiaries was ($18,839).

Investing Activities provided cash of $8,487. Property deposits provided cash of $15,939, and purchase of equipment used cash of $7,452.

Financing Activities provided cash of $483,375. Proceeds from issuance of common shares provided cash of $506,357 and share issue costs used cash of ($22,982).

Cash was $205,238 as of December 31, 2020 compared to cash of $58,343 as of December 31, 2019, an increase of $146,895 during the year.

Year Ended December 31, 2019

As at December 31, 2019, the Company’s working capital was negative $963,773 (December 31, 2018 – working capital deficit of $448,109).


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During the year, Operating Activities used cash of ($435,249), including the loss for the year of ($2,097,599). Items not involving cash include mineral exploration expenses of $10,996, share-based payments from the granting of stock options of $9,369, depreciation of $3,496, gain on the disposal of equipment of ($6,643), write-down of exploration and evaluation  assets of $1,239,994, and write-down of tax deposits of $41,200.

Changes in non-cash working capital items include a decrease in VAT receivables of $5,266; a decrease in due from optionees of $11,601; a decrease in prepaid expenses and advances of $34,674; a decrease in other receivables of $6,540; a decrease in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of ($101,528); a decrease in accounts payable owed by optionees of ($11,601); an increase in due from/to related parties of $392,145; and exchange difference arising on the translation of foreign subsidiaries was $26,841.

Investing Activities provided cash of $116,848. Net proceeds from the sale of equipment provided cash of $6,643, property deposits provided cash of $116,772, and purchase of equipment used cash of ($6,567).

Financing Activities provided cash of $270,456. Proceeds from issuance of common shares provided cash of $282,000 and share issue costs used cash of ($11,544).

Cash was $58,343 as of December 31, 2019 compared to cash of $106,288 as of December 31, 2018, a decrease of $47,945 during the year.

Year Ended December 31, 2018

As at December 31, 2018, the Company’s working capital was negative $448,109 (December 31, 2017 – working capital of $27,102).

During the year, Operating Activities used cash of ($1,499,073), including the loss for the year of ($1,885,332). Items not involving cash include mineral exploration expenses of $23,796, share-based payments from the granting of stock options of $141,124, and write-down of property deposits of $49,962. Changes in non-cash working capital items include a decrease in VAT receivables of $14,358; an increase in due from optionees of ($14,666); an increase in prepaid expenses and advances of ($24,034); an increase in other receivables of ($93,278); an increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $486,711; a decrease in accounts payable owed by optionees of ($45,464); an increase in due from/to related parties of $39,129; a decrease in funds held for optionees of ($167,910); and exchange difference arising on the translation of foreign subsidiaries was ($23,469).

Investing Activities used cash of ($6,810), with the entire amount from purchase of equipment.

Financing Activities provided cash of $1,261,467. Proceeds from issuance of common shares provided cash of $1,282,000 and share issue costs used cash of ($20,533).

Cash was $106,288 as of December 31, 2018 compared to cash of $350,704 as of December 31, 2017, a decrease of $244,416 during the year.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard (“IFRS”) issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) and Interpretations of the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (“IFRIC”).

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis except for certain financial instruments which are measured at their fair value. In addition, these financial statements have been prepared using the accrual basis of accounting, except for cash flow information.


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Basis of preparation

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis except certain financial instruments which are measured at fair value. In addition, the consolidated financial statements have been prepared using the accrual basis of accounting, except for cash flow information.

The consolidated financial statements, including comparatives, have been prepared on the basis of IFRS standards that are effective as at December 31, 2020.

Basis of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries as follows:

% of ownership Jurisdiction Nature of operations
MAEPA Empreendimentos Mineiros e Participacoes Lda 100% Portugal Exploration
Innomatik Exploration Kosovo LLC 100% Kosovo Exploration
Avrupa Holdings Inc. ^(1)^ 100% Barbados Holding
Avrupa Portugal Holdings Inc. ^(1)^ 100% Barbados Holding
Avrupa Kosovo Holdings Inc. ^(1)^ 100% Barbados Holding

^(1)^ The companies are in the process of being wound up.

All subsidiaries are entities that are controlled, either directly or indirectly. Control is defined as the exposure, or rights, to variable returns from involvement with an investee and the ability to affect those returns through power over the investee. Power over an investee exists when the Company has existing rights that give it the ability to direct the activities that significantly affect the investee’s returns. This control is generally evidenced through owning more than 50% of the voting rights or currently exercisable potential voting rights of a company’s share capital. All of the intra-group balances and transactions, including unrealized profits and losses arising from intra-group transactions, have been eliminated in full. For subsidiaries that the Company controls, but does not own 100% of, the net assets and net profit attributable to outside shareholders are presented as amounts attributable to non-controlling interests in the consolidated statements of financial position and consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

Inter-company balances and transactions, including unrealized income and expenses arising from inter-company transactions, are eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements.

Interests in Joint Arrangements

A joint arrangement can take the form of a joint venture or joint operation. All joint arrangements involve a contractual arrangement that establishes joint control, which exists only when decisions about the activities that significantly affect the returns of the investee require unanimous consent of the parties sharing control. A joint operation is a joint arrangement in which the Company has rights to the assets and obligations for the liabilities relating to the arrangement. A joint venture is a joint arrangement in which the Company has rights to only the net assets of the arrangement.

Joint ventures are accounted for in accordance with the policy “Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures.” Joint operations are accounted for by recognizing the Company’s share of the assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and cash flows of the joint operation in the consolidated financial statements.

Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures

Investments over which the Company exercises significant influence and which it does not control or jointly control are associates. Investments in associates are accounted for using the equity method, except when classified as held for sale. Investments in joint ventures as determined in accordance with the policy “Interests in Joint Arrangements” are also accounted for using the equity method.


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The equity method involves recording the initial investment at cost and subsequently adjusting the carrying value of the investment for the Company’s proportionate share of the profit or loss, other comprehensive income or loss and any other changes in the associate’s or joint venture’s net assets.

The Company’s proportionate share of the associate’s or joint venture’s profit or loss and other comprehensive income or loss is based on its most recent financial statements. Adjustments are made to align any inconsistencies between the Company’s accounting policies and the associate’s or joint venture’s policies before applying the equity method. Adjustments are also made to account for depreciable assets based on their fair values at the acquisition date of the investment and for any impairment losses recognized by the associate or joint venture.

If the Company’s share of the associate’s or joint venture’s losses equals or exceeds the investment in the associate or joint venture, recognition of further losses is discontinued. After the Company’s interest is reduced to zero, additional losses will be provided for and a liability recognized only to the extent that the Company has incurred legal or constructive obligations to provide additional funding or make payments on behalf of the associate or joint venture. If the associate or joint venture subsequently reports profits, the Company resumes recognizing its share of those profits only after its share of the profits equals the share of losses not recognized.

At each statement of financial position date, management considers whether there is objective evidence of impairment in associates and joint ventures. If there is such evidence, management determines if there is a need to record an impairment in relation to the associate or joint venture.

Foreign currencies

The Company assesses functional currency on an entity by entity basis based on the related fact pattern; however, the presentation currency used in these consolidated financial statements is determined at management’s discretion.

The currency of the parent company, and the presentation currency applicable to these consolidated financial statements, is the Canadian dollar.

Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency are recorded at the rates of the exchange prevailing on dates of transactions.  At each financial position reporting date, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rates prevailing at each reporting date. Non-monetary items denominated in foreign currencies that are measured at fair value are retranslated to the functional currency at the exchange rate at the date the fair value was determined.  Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated.

The Company has determined that the functional currency of its wholly-owned subsidiaries in Europe is the Euro and that the functional currency of its wholly-owned subsidiaries in Barbados is the US dollar.  Exchange differences arising from the translation of the subsidiaries’ functional currencies into the Company’s presentation currency are taken directly to the exchange reserve.

Exploration and evaluation assets and expenditure

Exploration and evaluation expenditures include the costs of acquiring licenses, costs associated with exploration and evaluation activity, and the fair value (at acquisition date) of exploration and evaluation assets acquired in a business combination.  Exploration and evaluation expenditures are expensed as incurred except for expenditures associated with the acquisition of exploration and evaluation assets through a business combination or asset acquisition which are recognized as assets.  Costs incurred before the Company has obtained the legal rights to explore an area are recognized in the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss.

Capitalized costs, including general and administrative costs, are only allocated to the extent that these costs can be related directly to operational activities in the relevant area of interest where they are considered likely to be recoverable by future exploitation or sale or where the activities have not reached a stage which permits a reasonable assessment of the existence of reserves.


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Exploration and evaluation assets are assessed for impairment if (i) sufficient data exists to determine technical feasibility and commercial viability, and (ii) facts and circumstances suggest that the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount.

Once the technical feasibility and commercial viability of the extraction of mineral resources in an area of interest are demonstrable, exploration and evaluation assets attributable to that area are first tested for impairment and then reclassified to mining property and development assets within property, plant and equipment.

Recoverability of the carrying amount of the exploration and evaluation assets is dependent on successful development and commercial exploitation, or alternatively, sale of the respective areas of interest.

Share-based payment transactions

The share option plan allows the Company’s employees and consultants to acquire shares of the Company.  The fair value of options granted is recognized as a share-based payment expense with a corresponding increase in equity. An individual is classified as an employee when the individual is an employee for legal or tax purposes (direct employee) or provides services similar to those performed by a direct employee.

The fair value is measured at grant date and each tranche is recognized on a graded-vesting basis over the period during which the options vest.  The fair value of the options granted is measured using the Black-Scholes option pricing model taking into account the terms and conditions upon which the options were granted.  At each statement of financial position reporting date, the amount recognized as an expense is adjusted to reflect the actual number of share options that are expected to vest.

Loss per share

The Company presents the basic and diluted loss per share data for its common shares, calculated by dividing the loss attributable to common shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.  Diluted loss per share is determined by adjusting the loss attributable to common shareholders and the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the effects of all dilutive potential common shares. In the Company’s case, diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share as the effects of including all outstanding options and warrants would be anti-dilutive.

Significant accounting judgments and estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Actual outcomes could differ from these estimates. The consolidated financial statements include estimates which, by their nature, are uncertain. The impacts of such estimates are pervasive throughout these consolidated financial statements, and may require accounting adjustments based on future occurrences.  Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised, if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and further periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.

Significant assumptions about the future and other sources of estimation uncertainty that management has made at the consolidated statement of financial position date, that could result in a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities, in the event that actual results differ from assumptions made, relate to, but are not limited to, the following:

Critical Judgments

·The analysis of the functional currency for each entity of the Company. In concluding that the Canadian dollar is the functional currency of the parent, management considered both the funds from financing activities and the currency in which goods and services are paid for. The functional currency of its wholly-owned subsidiaries in Europe is the Euros and that the functional currency of its wholly-owned subsidiaries in Barbados is the US dollar as management considered the currencies which mainly influence the cost of


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providing goods and services in those subsidiaries. The Company chooses to report in Canadian dollar as the presentation currency; and

·The assessment of indications of impairment of each mineral property and related determination of the net realized value and write-down of those properties where applicable;

·The determination that the Company will continue as a going concern for the next year;

·The accounting for investments in other companies can vary depending on the degree of control and influence over those other companies. Management is required to assess at each reporting date the Company’s control and influence over these other companies. Management has used its judgment to determine which companies are controlled and require consolidation and those which are significantly influenced and require equity accounting. The Company’s interest in PorMining is less than 50%, therefore it does not have the current ability to control the key operating activities of the company. Pursuant to the Shareholders’ Agreement entered into by the companies, MAEPA, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, was appointed operator during the Phase I period and the board of directors of PorMining is comprised of three directors appointed by EUL and two by MAEPA. The operator prepares and submits annual budgets and programs to the board for approval. Management has determined that the Company does not have significant influence over PorMining. Accordingly, the investment in PorMining is accounted for at cost and not as an investment in associate. Significant Estimates ·The estimate that 50% of the tax deposits will be recovered within one to five years.

Provisions

Provisions are recognized in the consolidated statement of financial position when the Company has a legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefit will be required to settle the obligation.  If the effect is material, provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and, where appropriate, the risks specific to the liability.

Financial instruments

The following financial assets are classified as measured at amortized cost - cash, due from optionees, certain other receivables and property deposits.

The following financial liabilities are classified as measured at amortized cost – accounts payable and accrued liabilities, accounts payable owed by optionees, due to related parties and long-term loan.

The classification of financial assets is based on how an entity manages its financial instruments and the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset. Transaction costs with respect to financial instruments classified as fair value through profit or loss are recognized as an adjustment to the cost of the underlying instruments.

The Company’s financial assets are classified into one of the following two measurement categories:

Financial assets held within a business model for the purpose of collecting contractual cash flows (“held to collect”) that represent solely payments of principal and interest (“SPPI”) are measured at amortized cost. Financial assets held within a business model where assets are both held for the purpose of collecting contractual cash flows or sold prior to maturity and the contractual cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest are measured at FVPL.

Income taxes

Income tax on the profit or loss for the periods presented comprises current and deferred tax.  Income tax is recognized in profit or loss except to the extent that it relates to items recognized directly in equity, in which case it is recognized in equity.


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Current tax expense is the expected tax payable on the taxable income for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at period end, adjusted for amendments to tax payable with regards to previous years.

Deferred tax is recorded using the statement of financial position liability method, providing for temporary differences, between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes.  The following temporary differences are not provided for:  goodwill not deductible for tax purposes; the initial recognition of assets or liabilities that affect neither accounting or taxable loss; nor differences relating to investments in subsidiaries to the extent that they will probably not reverse in the foreseeable future.  The amount of deferred tax provided is based on the expected manner of realization or settlement of the carrying amount of assets and liabilities, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted that are expected to apply when temporary differences are expected to settle.

A deferred tax asset is recognized only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the asset can be utilised.  To the extent that the Company does not consider it probable that a future tax asset will be recovered, it provides a valuation allowance against that excess.

Additional income taxes that arise from the distribution of dividends are recognized at the same time as the liability to pay the related dividend.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority and the Company intends to settle its current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis.

Variation in Operating Results

The Company derives interest income on its bank deposits, which depend on the Company's ability to raise funds.

Management periodically, through the exploration process, reviews results both internally and externally through mining related professionals.  Decisions to abandon, reduce or expand exploration efforts is based upon many factors including general and specific assessments of mineral deposits, the likelihood of increasing or decreasing those deposits, land costs, estimates of future mineral prices, potential extraction methods and costs, the likelihood of positive or negative changes to the environment, permitting, taxation, labor and capital costs.  There cannot be a pre-determined hold period for any property as geological or economic circumstances render each property unique.

The Company's financial statements are stated in Canadian Dollars (CDN$) and are prepared in accordance with IFRS.  The value of the Canadian Dollar in relationship to the US Dollar was $1.28 on December 31, 2020.

Research and Development

The Company conducts no Research and Development activities, nor is it dependent upon any patents or licenses.

Trend Information

The Company knows of no trends, uncertainties, demands, commitments or events that are reasonably likely to have a material effect on the Company’s operations or financial condition.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company has no Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements.

Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations

As of December 31, 2020, the Company had a total of €1,000 ($1,561) cash pledged for its exploration licenses in Portugal.


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Item 6.  Directors, Senior Management and Employees Table No. 6 lists as of April 30, 2021 the names of the Directors of the Company.  The Directors have served in their respective capacities since their election and/or appointment and will serve until the next Annual General Meeting or until a successor is duly elected, unless the office is vacated in accordance with the Articles/By-Laws of the Company.

Table No. 6

Directors

Name Country of Residence Age Date First Elected/Appointed
Paul W. Kuhn Portugal 65 July 8, 2010
Mark T. Brown (1) Canada 53 January 23, 2008
Paul Dircksen (1) United States 75 September 30, 2013
Frank Hogel (1) Germany 48 August 3, 2016
Paul Nelles Germany 74 April 7, 2016

(1)Member of Audit Committee.

Members of the audit committee meet periodically to approve and discuss the annual financial statements and each quarterly report before filing and mailing. The committee operates under a written charter as included in the Company's Management Information Circular dated November 6, 2020.  Details of the charter are contained in Item 6, “Board Practices” below.

Table No. 7 lists, as of April 30, 2021, the names of the Executive Officers of the Company.  The Executive Officers serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors.  Paul W. Kuhn is a citizen of the United States; Winnie Wong is a citizen of Canada.

Table No. 7

Executive Officers

Name Position Age Date of Appointment
Paul W. Kuhn CEO and President 65 July 8, 2010
Winnie Wong Chief Financial Officer and<br><br><br>Corporate Secretary 46 July 8, 2010

Paul W. Kuhn joined Avrupa in July 2010 after working with Metallica Mining in Oslo, Norway since August 2008. He has more than 30 years of experience in the minerals exploration business in North America, Central Asia and Europe. He earned an A.B. Degree from Dartmouth College, US, in 1978, and an M.S. Degree from the University of Montana, US, in 1983.  Mr. Kuhn has worked in a variety of geological terrains, exploring for gold, silver, base metals, uranium, and phosphate deposits, and has spent time as a production geologist in the deep underground mines of the Coeur d`Alene Mining District, historically one of the world’s most important silver districts.  Mr. Kuhn has managed successful exploration programs in the US and Turkey, and was involved in a number of base and precious metal discoveries in Turkey, including the Taç and Çorak polymetallic deposits (presently being developed by Mediterranean Resources), the Cerattepe Cu-Au volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit (held by Inmet Mining), the Altıntepe epithermal Au deposit (being developed by Stratex International), the Diyadın Carlin-style Au deposit (developed by Newmont Mining and currently held by Koza Altin), and the Karakartal porphyry Cu-Au deposit (being developed by Anatolia Minerals).  Mr. Kuhn was also involved with the original mapping and description of the Çöpler porphyry Au deposit (presently under mine construction and development by Anatolia Minerals).


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Winnie Wong received a Bachelor of Commerce Degree (Honours) from Queen’s University in 1996 and is a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of British Columbia.  Since July 1, 2001, she has been Vice President of Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd.  Her role is to manage the financial administration team and to assist Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd.’s management group on corporate finance projects.  From July 1 to December 31, 2000, Ms. Wong was the controller of Pivotal Corporation, a company providing software, services and support to a variety of businesses.  Between 1996 and 1999, Ms. Wong worked with Deloitte & Touche, Chartered Accountants.  Ms. Wong acts as the CFO and/or Corporate Secretary for other publicly listed companies including Alianza Minerals (since April 2015), Au Gold Corp. (since December 2020), Germinate Capital Ltd. (since August 2020), and Mountain Boy Minerals, (since December 2017). Ms. Wong spends approximately 30% of her time on the affairs of the Company.

Mark T. Brown has been a Chartered Accountant since 1993 and is President of Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd., a private company which provides small and medium sized companies with financial, equity and management solutions. Mr. Brown received a Bachelor of Commerce Degree from the University of British Columbia in 1990 and is a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of British Columbia. He has been a Chartered Accountant since 1993 and serves as President of Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd., a private company which provides small and medium sized companies with financial, equity and management solutions, from 1997 to the present. From 1990 to 1994, he worked with PricewaterhouseCoopers before becoming controller of Miramar Mining Corporation. In 1996, he became controller of Eldorado Gold Corporation where his duties included debt and equity financings, international acquisitions, corporate reporting and system implementation. He is one of the founders of Rare Element Resources Ltd., a resource exploration company traded on the NYSE MKT and TSX Exchanges. He also is a former and current officer and director of other public companies. His current officer and directorships include: a Director of Almaden Minerals Ltd., a resource exploration company traded on the NYSE MKT and TSX Exchanges; a Director of Almadex Minerals, a mineral exploration company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange; a Director of Alianza Minerals Ltd., a mineral exploration company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange; a Director of Azucar Minerals Ltd., a mineral exploration company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange; a Director of Au Gold Corp., a mineral exploration company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange; Chief Financial Officer of Copper Fox Metals Inc., a mineral exploration company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange; a Director of East West Petroleum Corp., an oil and gas company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange; Chief Financial Officer of Fjordland Exploration Inc., a mineral exploration company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange; Chief Executive Officer and a Director of Germinate Capital Ltd., a capital pool company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange; a Director of Mineral and Financial Investments Limited, an investment company traded on the London Stock Exchange; a Director of Mountain Boy Minerals, a mineral exploration company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange; and a Director of Mich Resources Ltd., a mineral exploration company traded on the Canadian Securities Exchange. Mr. Brown devotes approximately 25% of his time to Company affairs.

Dr. Paul Nelles was one of the founders of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary Innomatik Exploration Kosovo LLC (“IEK”) and is currently a non-executive director of IEK. Dr. Nelles is the CEO of Peshter Mining Company J.S.C. that holds the Slivovo license in which the Company has 10.29% interest. Dr. Nelles graduated from TU Berlin in 1972 with a degree in mining engineering and obtained a PhD in mineral processing in 1975. He worked internationally in base metal mining for Metallgesellschaft between 1975 and 1991, at which stage he held the position of General Manager Project Development. In 1991, he was employed as technical director and appointed to the executive board of DESTAG, a leading dimension stone producer and worldwide trader. He was subsequently appointed CEO of the company. Dr. Nelles joined Normandy LaSource in France, as executive director for gold production and industrial minerals in 1997. In 2002, he was appointed as the “Trepca Manager” by the United Nations Mission in Kosovo and was promoted to Deputy Managing Director of the Kosovo Trust Agency in 2004, in charge of all major publicly owned enterprises. Since 2006 he has worked as an independent mining industry advisor. Dr. Nelles devotes approximately 25% of his time to Company affairs.

Paul Dircksen holds an M.S. in Geology from the Mackay School of Mines at the University of Nevada He has a strong technical background, serving as a team member on ten gold discoveries, seven of which later became operating mines. Mr. Dircksen has over 35 years of experience in the mining and exploration industry, serving in executive, managerial, and technical roles at several companies. He has held senior management positions with a number of resource groups including Orvana Minerals, Lacana Gold, The Cordex Group, Brett Resources, and the


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Bravo Venture Group. Mr. Dircksen is currently a Vice-President of business development and technical services of Timberline Resources Corporation, a public mineral exploration company which is listed on the TSX Venture Exchange and the NYSE Market. Mr. Dircksen devotes approximately 5% of his time to Company affairs.

Frank Högel has a MBA with a focus on financial management, banking, and international business and management from the University of Nürtingen, Germany. He currently serves as the CEO of Peter Beck Performance Funds GbR and sits on the advisory board of Concept Capital Management. Concept Capital is an asset management company focused on evaluating and investing in Canadian resource companies through equity investments, convertible bonds and gold, silver and copper off-take agreements. Mr. Högel also sits on the board of several other public companies listed on the TSX Venture Exchange, including Canamex Gold Corp., Golden Goliath Resources Ltd., Monarca Minerals Inc., Nicola Mining Inc., and Tembo Gold Corp. Mr. Hogel devotes approximately 5% of his time to Company affairs.

Mark Brown, a director of the Company, was formerly a director of Ascent Industries Corp. (“Ascent”), a company listed on the Canadian Securities Exchange. Mr. Brown resigned as a director of Ascent on February 13, 2019. On March 1, 2019, the Supreme Court of British Columbia issued an order granting Ascent’s application for creditor protection under the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act (Canada) (“CCAA”) to address near term liquidity issues.  On April 5, 2019, Ascent sold its Canadian Assets for $41.5 million, repaid all liabilities, successfully reorganized as Luff Enterprises Ltd., and was discharged from the CCAA process.

Mark Brown, a director of the Company, was formerly a director of Sutter Gold Mining Inc. (“SGM”) until May 21, 2019.  On May 6, 2019, SGM received a cease trade order issued by the British Columbia Securities Commission for failure to file audited financial statements and Management’s Discussion & Analysis for the year ended December 31, 2018.  SGM’s listing on the TSX Venture Exchange remains suspended until SGM meets TSX Venture Exchange’s requirements and upon the revocation of the cease trade order.  On May 17, 2019, pursuant to an order of the Supreme Court of British Columbia, a receiver was appointed for SGM in order to sell all the assets of SGM and repay the lender.

Except for the two orders detailed above, no Director and/or Executive Officer has been the subject of any other order, judgment, or decree of any governmental agency or administrator or of any court or competent jurisdiction, revoking or suspending for cause any license, permit or other authority of such person or of any corporation of which he or she is a Director and/or Executive Officer, to engage in the securities business or in the sale of a particular security or temporarily or permanently restraining or enjoining any such person or any corporation of which he or she is an officer or director from engaging in or continuing any conduct, practice, or employment in connection with the purchase or sale of securities, or convicting such person of any felony or misdemeanor involving a security or any aspect of the securities business or of theft or of any felony.

There are no arrangements or understandings between any two or more Directors or Executive Officers, pursuant to which he or she was selected as a Director or Executive Officer. No members of the Board of Directors are related.

COMPENSATION

The Company has no arrangements pursuant to which directors are compensated by the Company for their services in their capacity as directors, or for committee participation.  There are no director’s service contracts providing for benefits upon termination of employment.

To assist the Company in compensating, attracting, retaining and motivating personnel, the Company grants incentive stock options under a formal Stock Option Plan which was initially adopted by the directors of the Company on July 29, 2008 and subsequently re-approved by shareholders at every Annual Meeting of shareholders thereafter, up to and including the Annual Meeting on December 14, 2020.

Table No. 8 sets forth the compensation paid to the Company’s executive officers and members of its administrative body during the last three years.


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Table No. 8

Summary Compensation Table

All Figures in Canadian Dollars unless otherwise noted

Name Fiscal<br><br><br>Year Salary Stock-based<br><br><br>Compensation Number of<br><br><br>Options Granted Other<br><br><br>Compensation Total<br><br><br>Compensation
Paul W. Kuhn<br><br><br>CEO, President and<br><br><br>Director (1) (2) 2020<br><br><br>2019<br><br><br>2018 $ 150,000<br><br><br>163,768<br><br><br>253,968 $        Nil<br><br><br>Nil<br><br><br>11,505 Nil<br><br><br>Nil<br><br><br>150,000 $         Nil<br><br><br>53,482<br><br><br>61,430 $  150,000<br><br><br>217,248<br><br><br>326,903
Winnie Wong,<br><br><br>CFO and<br><br><br>Corporate Secretary (3) 2020<br><br><br>2019<br><br><br>2018 N/A<br><br><br>N/A<br><br><br>N/A $        Nil<br><br><br>Nil<br><br><br>9,588 Nil<br><br><br>Nil<br><br><br>125,000 $  132,435<br><br><br>198,158<br><br><br>228,445 $  132,435<br><br><br>198,158<br><br><br>238,043
Mark T. Brown,<br><br><br>Director (4) 2020<br><br><br>2019<br><br><br>2018 N/A<br><br><br>N/A<br><br><br>N/A $        Nil<br><br><br>Nil<br><br><br>9,588 Nil<br><br><br>Nil<br><br><br>125,000 $         Nil<br><br><br>Nil<br><br><br>Nil $       Nil<br><br><br>Nil<br><br><br>9,588
Paul Dircksen,<br><br><br>Director 2020<br><br><br>2019<br><br><br>2018 N/A<br><br><br>N/A<br><br><br>N/A $        Nil<br><br><br>Nil<br><br><br>7,670 Nil<br><br><br>Nil<br><br><br>100,000 $         Nil<br><br><br>Nil<br><br><br>Nil $        Nil<br><br><br>Nil<br><br><br>7,670
Paul Nelles,<br><br><br>Director 2020<br><br><br>2019<br><br><br>2018 N/A<br><br><br>N/A<br><br><br>N/A $       Nil<br><br><br>8,070<br><br><br>7,670 Nil<br><br><br>Nil<br><br><br>100,000 $         Nil<br><br><br>Nil<br><br><br>Nil $      Nil<br><br><br>8,070<br><br><br>7,670
Frank Hogel,<br><br><br>Director 2020<br><br><br>2019<br><br><br>2018 N/A<br><br><br>N/A<br><br><br>N/A $       Nil<br><br><br>Nil<br><br><br>7,670 Nil<br><br><br>108,000<br><br><br>100,000 $        Nil<br><br><br>5,530<br><br><br>Nil $       Nil<br><br><br>5,530<br><br><br>7,670
Ross Stringer,<br><br><br>Former Director 2020<br><br><br>2019<br><br><br>2018 N/A<br><br><br>N/A<br><br><br>N/A $         Nil<br><br><br>Nil<br><br><br>7,670 Nil<br><br><br>Nil<br><br><br>100,000 $         Nil<br><br><br>Nil<br><br><br>Nil $      Nil<br><br><br>Nil<br><br><br>7,670

(1)“Other Compensation” for Paul W. Kuhn is for housing allowance.

(2)Through May 31, 2019, Paul W. Kuhn’s salary was paid in Euros.  The dollar amounts are calculated based on a conversion rate of Euros to Canadian dollars as at the average rate of the year.

(3)POC, a company of which Mark Brown is the President and of which Winnie Wong is the Vice President, charged a total of $132,435, $198,158, and $228,445 for rent and accounting and management fees for a team of four people during financial years ended December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively.

(4)Mark T. Brown resigned as Chief Executive Officer and President on July 8, 2010 and Paul W. Kuhn was appointed Chief Executive Officer and President. POC, a company of which Mark Brown is the President and of which Winnie Wong is the Vice President, charged a total of $132,435 $198,158, and $228,445 for rent and accounting and management fees for a team of four people during financial years ended December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively.

No funds were set aside or accrued by the Company during fiscal 2020 to provide pension, retirement or similar benefits for Directors or Executive Officers***.***

Employment Contracts

In June 2019, the Company and Paul Kuhn agreed to adjust the terms for serving as the Company’s President and CEO. Mr. Kuhn is responsible for providing technical oversight and guidance, establishing corporate goals and objectives, and setting and implementing corporate strategies. Beginning June 1, 2019, Mr. Kuhn receives a fee of $12,500 per month and a rent allowance of €4,000 for the first four months. If the Company is substantially sold or


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has a change of control, Mr. Kuhn will receive a payment equal to two years of fees. Mr. Kuhn will serve in these roles until terminated in writing by either the Company or Mr. Kuhn. The Company may terminate him at any time without notice or payment in lieu thereof for cause, or at any time without cause by providing six months’ written notice or by paying him in lieu of notice. Mr. Kuhn may leave at any time by providing the Company with three months’ written notice.

Board Practices

The Board of Directors’ mandate is to manage or supervise the management of the business and affairs of the Company and to act with a view to the best interests of the Company. The Company’s corporate governance practices are the responsibility of the Board.

Management has been delegated the responsibility for meeting defined corporate objectives, implementing approved strategic and operating plans, carrying out the Company's business in the ordinary course, evaluating business opportunities, recruiting staff and complying with applicable regulatory requirements. The Board facilitates its independent supervision over management by reviewing and approving long-term strategic, business and capital plans, material contracts and business transactions, all debt and equity financing transactions. Through its Audit Committee, the Board examines the effectiveness of the Company's internal control processes. The Board reviews and sets executive compensation and recommends incentive stock options.

The Board facilitates its exercise of independent supervision over management by ensuring that a majority of its members are independent of the Company. Directors are considered to be independent if they have no direct or indirect material relationship with the Company. A "material relationship" is a relationship which could, in the view of the Company's Board, be reasonably expected to interfere with the exercise of a director's independent judgment. Currently, the Company has two non-independent directors. Paul W. Kuhn serves as CEO and President of the Company, and Paul Nelles is a non-executive director of IEK.

The Board considers its size each year when it considers the number of directors to recommend to the shareholders for elections at the annual meeting of shareholders, taking into account the number required to carry out the Board's duties effectively and to maintain a diversity of views and experience. At the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders held on December 14, 2020, shareholders approved the resolution to set the current Board at 5 members. The Board does not have a nominating committee, and these functions are currently performed by the Board as a whole. However, if there is a change in the number of directors required by the Company, this policy will be reviewed. When new directors are appointed, they receive orientation on the Company's business, current projects and the industry. Board meetings may also include presentations by the Company's management and employees to give the directors additional insight into the Company's business.

The Board has found that the fiduciary duties placed on individual directors by the Company's governing corporate legislation and the common law and the restrictions placed by applicable corporate legislation on an individual directors' participation in decisions of the Board in which the director has an interest have been sufficient to ensure that the Board operates independently of management and in the best interests of the Company.

The Board of Directors met twice in person during fiscal 2020. Various other matters were discussed telephonically during the year and all other matters were approved by resolutions.

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee is a committee of the board of directors to which the Board has delegated its responsibility for oversight of the nature and scope of the annual audit, management’s reporting on internal accounting standards and practices, financial information and accounting systems and procedures, financial reporting and statements and recommending, for Board approval, the audited financial statements and other mandatory disclosure releases containing financial information.  The objectives of the Committee are:

1.To assist directors in meeting their responsibilities (especially for accountability) in respect of the preparation and disclosure of the financial statements of the Company and related matters;


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2.To provide effective communication between directors and external auditors appointed by the Company;

3.To enhance the external auditors’ independence; and

4.To increase the credibility and objectivity of financial reports.

Membership of Committee

The Committee shall be comprised of at least three directors of the Company, all of whom shall be “financially literate” as defined by National Instrument 52-110 - Audit Committees. The Board shall have the power to appoint the Committee Chairman.

Meetings

At all meetings of the Committee every question shall be decided by a majority of the votes cast.  In case of an equality of votes, the Chairman of the meeting shall not be entitled to a second or casting vote. **** A quorum for meetings of the Committee shall be a majority of its members, and the rules for calling, holding, conducting and adjourning meetings of the Committee shall be the same as those governing the Board. ****

Meetings of the Committee should be scheduled to take place at least four times per year.  Minutes of all meetings of the Committee shall be taken. The Committee shall report the results of meetings and reviews undertaken and any associated recommendations to the Board.

The Committee shall meet with the external auditors at least once per year (in connection with the preparation of the year-end financial statements) and at such other times as the external auditors and the Committee consider appropriate.

Mandate and Responsibilities of Committee

It is the responsibility of the Committee to oversee the work of the external auditors, including resolution of disagreements between management and the external auditors regarding financial reporting. It is the responsibility of the Committee to satisfy itself on behalf of the Board with respect to the Company’s internal control system:

·identifying, monitoring and mitigating business risks; and

·ensuring compliance with legal, ethical and regulatory requirements.

It is a responsibility of the Committee to review the annual financial statements of the Company prior to their submission to the Board for approval.  The process should include but not be limited to:

·reviewing changes in accounting principles, or in their application, which may have a material impact on the current or future years’ financial statements;

·reviewing significant accruals or other estimates such as the ceiling test calculation;

·reviewing accounting treatment of unusual or non-recurring transactions;

·ascertaining compliance with covenants under loan agreements;

·reviewing disclosure requirements for commitments and contingencies;

·reviewing adjustments raised by the external auditors, whether or not included in the financial statements;

·reviewing unresolved differences between management and the external auditors; and

·obtaining explanations of significant variances within comparative reporting periods.

The Committee is to review the financial statements (and make a recommendation to the Board with respect to their approval), prospectuses, management discussion and analysis and all public disclosure containing audited or unaudited financial information before release and prior to Board approval.  The Committee must be satisfied that adequate procedures are in place for the review of the Company’ disclosure of all other financial information and shall periodically access the accuracy of those procedures.


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With respect to the appointment of external auditors by the Board, the Committee shall:

·recommend to the Board the appointment of the external auditors;

·recommend to the Board the terms of engagement of the external auditors, including the compensation of the external auditors and a confirmation that the external auditors shall report directly to the Committee; and

·when there is to be a change in auditors, review the issues related to the change and the information to be included in the required notice to securities regulators of such change.

The Committee shall review with external auditors (and the internal auditor if one is appointed by the Company) their assessment of the internal controls of the Company, their written reports containing recommendations for improvement, and management’s response and follow-up to any identified weaknesses.  The Committee shall also review annually with the external auditors their plan for their audit and, upon completion of the audit, their reports upon the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. The Committee must pre-approve all non-audit services to be provided to the Company or its subsidiaries by the external auditors.  The Committee may delegate to one or more members the authority to pre-approve non-audit services, provided that the member(s) report to the Committee at the next scheduled meeting such pre-approval and the member(s) comply with such other procedures as may be established by the Committee from time to time.

The Committee shall review risk management policies and procedures of the Company (i.e. hedging, litigation and insurance).

The Committee shall establish a procedure for:

·the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received by the Company regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters; and

·the confidential, anonymous submission by employees and agents of the Company of concerns regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters.

The Committee shall review and approve the Company’ hiring policies regarding employees and former employees of the present and former external auditors of the Company. It shall have the authority to investigate any financial activity of the Company.  All employees of the Company are to cooperate as requested by the Committee.

The Committee may retain any person having special expertise and/or obtain independent professional advice to assist in filling their responsibilities at the expense of the Company without any further approval of the Board.

The current Audit Committee members are Mark T. Brown, Paul Dircksen and Frank Hogel.

Staffing

The Company currently has 3 part-time employees (2019 – 4; 2018 – 6) in geology and exploration, and 2 executive officers (2019 – 2; 2018 – 2). Of the employees, 2 are located in Portugal and 1 in Kosovo.

Management, administrative and secretarial functions in Vancouver are provided by Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd., a private company of which Mark T. Brown, a director of the Company, is the president and director.

Share Ownership

The Registrant is a publicly owned Canadian corporation, the shares of which are owned by U.S. residents, Canadian residents and other foreign residents.  The Registrant is not controlled by another corporation as described below.

Table No. 9 lists, as of April 30, 2021, Directors and Executive Officers who beneficially own the Registrant's voting securities and the amount of the Registrant's voting securities owned by the Directors and Executive Officers


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as a group.  All share amounts have been adjusted for the 1 for 4 common share consolidation effective December 21, 2020.

Title of Class Name of Beneficial Owner Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership Percent of Class
Common Paul W. Kuhn (1) 318,750 0.97%
Common Winnie Wong (2) 118,750 0.36%
Common Mark T. Brown (3) 4,886,584 14.65%
Common Paul Dircksen (4) 62,500 0.19%
Common Frank Hogel (5) 527,000 1.59%
Common Paul Nelles (6) 188,948 0.58%
Total Directors/Officers 6,102,532 17.92%

(1)112,500 of these shares represent currently exercisable stock options and 25,000 represent currently exercisable share purchase warrants.

(2)93,750 of these shares represent currently exercisable stock options. (3)4,260,334 are common shares. 2,317,834 of these common shares are held by Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd. a private company controlled by Mark T. Brown. 1,650,000 of the common shares are held in Mr. Brown’s RRSP. 156.250 common shares are held in the name of Spartacus Management Inc., a private company over which Mr. Brown has control; 6,600,000 are held in Mr. Brown’s RRSP, and 136,250 are held by Mr. Brown directly. 143,750 of these shares represent currently exercisable common share purchase options. 407,500 are currently exercisable share purchase warrants held by Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd., and 75,000 are warrants held by Spartacus Management Inc. (4)62,500 of these shares represent currently exercisable stock options.

(5)200,000 are common shares. 127,000 are currently exercisable stock options and 200,000 are currently exercisable share purchase warrants.

(6)126,448 are common shares, and 62,500 represent currently exercisable stock options

Based upon 32,738,087 common shares outstanding as of April 30, 2021, share purchase warrants and Stock options held by each beneficial holder exercisable within sixty days as detailed in Table No. 14 “Stock Options Outstanding” below. Item 7.  Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions The Registrant is a publicly owned Canadian corporation, the shares of which are owned by U.S. residents, Canadian residents and other foreign residents.  The Registrant is not controlled by another corporation as described below.  The Company's common shares are issued in registered form and the following information is taken from the records of TSX Trust Company, 650 West Georgia Street, Suite 2700, Vancouver, BC V6B 4N9.

On December 31, 2020, the shareholders' list for the Company's common shares showed 64 registered shareholders, including depositories, and 32,738,087 common shares issued and outstanding. Of the total registered shareholders, 19 are resident in Canada holding 28,989,708 common shares, or 89% of the total issued and outstanding; 32 shareholders are resident in the United States holding 2,255,423 common shares, or 7% of the issued and outstanding, and 13 shareholders are resident of other nations holding 1,492,956 common shares, or 4% of the issued and outstanding.

The Company is aware of one person/company who beneficially own 5% or more of the Registrant's voting securities. Table No. 10 lists as of April 30, 2021 persons and/or companies holding 5% or more beneficial interest in the Company’s outstanding common stock.


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Table No. 10 5% or Greater Shareholders

Title of Class Name of Owner Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership Percent of Class
Common Mark T. Brown (1) 4,886,584 14.65%

(1)4,260,334 are common shares. 2,317,834 of these common shares are held by Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd. a private company controlled by Mark T. Brown. 1,650,000 of the common shares are held in Mr. Brown’s RRSP. 156.250 common shares are held in the name of Spartacus Management Inc., a private company over which Mr. Brown has control; 6,600,000 are held in Mr. Brown’s RRSP, and 136,250 are held by Mr. Brown directly. 143,750 of these shares represent currently exercisable common share purchase options. 407,500 are currently exercisable share purchase warrants held by Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd., and 75,000 are warrants held by Spartacus Management Inc.

Based upon 32,738,087 common shares outstanding as of April 30, 2021, share purchase warrants and Stock options held by each beneficial holder exercisable within sixty days as detailed in Table No. 14 “Stock Options Outstanding” below.

No shareholders of the Company have different voting rights from any other shareholder.

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The Company had the following related party transactions for the years ended December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018:

Services Expenses<br><br><br>Incurred<br><br><br>During the<br><br><br>Year Ended<br><br><br>December 31,<br><br><br>2020 Expenses<br><br><br>Incurred<br><br><br>During the<br><br><br>Year Ended<br><br><br>December 31,<br><br><br>2019 Expenses<br><br><br>Incurred<br><br><br>During the<br><br><br>Year Ended<br><br><br>December 31,<br><br><br>2018
Amounts due to:
Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd. (a) Rent, management, accounting, marketing, and financing services $   132,435 $   198,158 $  228,455
Paul W. Kuhn Consulting, salaries, housing allowance<br><br><br>and share-based payment $   150,000 $   217,248 $  326,903
Paul L. Nelles (b) Salaries and share-based payment $           Nil $       8,070 $    27,620
Mineralia (c) Geological consulting $           Nil $           Nil $  157,536
Adriano Barros (c) Share-based payment $           Nil $           Nil $      5,369
Mark T. Brown (d) Short-term loan and expense reimbursement $           Nil $     16,000 $          Nil
TOTAL: $   282,435 $   439,476 $  745,883

(a)Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd., a company controlled by Mark Brown, a director of the Company

(b)Paul L. Nelles is a director. (c)Mineralia, a private company partiallyowned by Adriano Barros, the general manager of MAEPA. (d)Mark T. Brown is a Director of the Company. The $16,000 advance is non-interest bearing without specific terms of repayment. Item 8.  Financial Information The financial statements as required under Item #18 are attached hereto and found immediately following the text of this Annual Report.  The audit report of DeVisser Gray LLP, Chartered Accountants, is included herein immediately preceding the financial statements and schedules.


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Current Legal Proceedings

The Company knows of no material, active or pending, legal proceedings against them; nor is the Company involved as a plaintiff in any other material proceeding or pending litigation.  The Company knows of no active or pending proceedings against anyone that might materially adversely affect an interest of the Company.

Dividends

The Company has not declared any dividends on its common shares since inception and does not anticipate that it will do so in the foreseeable future.  The present policy of the Company is to retain future earnings, if any, for use in its operations and the expansion of its business. Item 9.  Offer and Listing of Securities As of December 31, 2020, the end of the Company's most recent fiscal year, the authorized capital of the Company consisted of an unlimited number of common shares without par value.  There were 32,738,087 **** common shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2020 and April 30, 2021, after adjusting for the 1 for 4 common share consolidation effective December 21 2020.

NATURE OF TRADING MARKET

The Company's common shares trade on the TSX Venture Exchange in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada under the stock symbol is “AVU”. The CUSIP number is 05453A207. The Company's common shares are not registered to trade in the United States in the form of American Depository Receipts (ADR's) or similar certificates.

Table No. 11 lists the high, low and closing sale prices on the TSX Venture Exchange for the Company's common shares for:

·each of the last six months ending April 30, 2021;

·each of the last twelve fiscal quarters ending the three months ended March 31, 2021; and

·each of the last five fiscal years ended December 31, 2020.

Per share prices have been adjusted for the 1 for 4 common share consolidation effective December 21, 2020.

The Company was incorporated on January 23, 2008 under the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia. The Company became a “Capital Pool Company” as defined in the Exchange’s Listing Policy 2.4 and its common shares began trading on the Exchange on September 2, 2008. The Company completed its Qualifying Transaction (“QT”) on July 13, 2010 to acquire 90% of the issued and outstanding shares in MAEPA Empreendimentos Mineiros e Participacoes Lda., a private Portugese company (“MAEPA”) and (b) 92.5% of the issued and outstanding shares of Innomatik Exploration Kosovo LLC, a private Kosovo company (“Innomatik”).  The Company received the final approval from the Exchange for its QT and its common shares resumed trading under its current name and trading symbol “AVU.V” as of July 14, 2010.


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Table No. 11

TSX Venture Exchange

Common Shares Trading Activity

- Sales-
Canadian Dollars
Period High Low Close
April 2021 $  0.10 $  0.08 $  0.075
March 2021 $  0.12 $  0.06 $  0.09
February 2021 $  0.135 $  0.11 $  0.115
January 2021 $  0.15 $  0.12 $  0.13
December 2020 $  0.15 $  0.115 $  0.15
November 2020 $  0.16 $  0.10 $  0.14
Three Months Ended   3/31/21 $  0.15 $  0.06 $  0.09
Three Months Ended 12/31/20 $  0.16 $  0.10 $  0.15
Three Months Ended   9/30/20 $  0.20 $  0.12 $  0.12
Three Months Ended   6/30/20 $  0.16 $  0.06 $  0.10
Three Months Ended   3/31/20 $  0.12 $  0.04 $  0.08
Three Months Ended 12/31/19 $  0.20 $  0.12 $  0.16
Three Months Ended   9/30/19 $  0.16 $  0.12 $  0.12
Three Months Ended   6/30/19 $  0.16 $  0.08 $  0.12
Three Months Ended   3/31/19 $  0.28 $  0.16 $  0.20
Three Months Ended 12/31/18 $  0.24 $  0.16 $  0.20
Three Months Ended   9/30/18 $  0.44 $  0.20 $  0.24
Three Months Ended   6/30/18 $  0.48 $  0.28 $  0.48
Year Ended 12/31/20
Year Ended 12/31/19 $  0.28 $  0.08 $  0.16
Year Ended 12/31/18 $  0.48 $  0.16 $  0.20
Year Ended 12/31/17 $  0.64 $  0.24 $  0.24
Year Ended 12/31/16 $  1.00 $  0.32 $  0.48

On September 12, 2012, the Company’s common shares began trading on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange in Germany under the symbol “8AM”. Table 11a lists the high, low and closing sale prices on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange for the Company's common shares since inception of trading.

Table No. 11a

Frankfurt Stock Exchange

Common Shares Trading Activity

- Sales-
Euros
Period High Low Close
September 2012 to April 2021 €1.00 €0.002 €0.039

Table No. 12 lists, as of April 30, 2021, share purchase warrants outstanding, the exercise price, and the expiration date of the share purchase warrants. Amounts have been adjusted to reflect the 1 for 4 common share consolidation effective December 21, 2020.


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Table No. 12 Share Purchase Warrants Outstanding

Number of Share Purchase Warrants Outstanding Exercise Price/share Expiration Date
2,500,000 $0.40 November 9, 2021*
1,160,000 $0.40 December 17, 2012*
455,000 $0.20 December 18, 2021
500,000 $0.40 February 25, 2022*
4,219,641 $0.20 October 23, 2023
Total:    8,834,641

*These warrants contain a forced exercise price. If the closing price of the Company’s shares is $0.80 or greater for a period of 20 consecutive trading days, the warrants will expire on the earlier of the 30^th^ day after such notice is given or the original expiry date.

American Depository Receipts.

Not applicable.

Other Securities to be Registered

Not applicable

Current Canadian Trading Market

The Company's common stock is currently listed and trading on the TSX Venture Exchange (“TSX-V”).

The TSX-V was created through the acquisition of the Canadian Venture Exchange by the Toronto Stock Exchange.  The Canadian Venture Exchange was a result of the merger between the Vancouver Stock Exchange and the Alberta Stock Exchange which took place on November 29, 1999. On August 1, 2001, the Toronto Stock Exchange completed its purchase of the Canadian Venture Exchange from its member firms and renamed the Exchange the TSX Venture Exchange. The TSX-V currently operates as a complementary but independent exchange from its parent.

The initial roster of the TSX-V was made up of venture companies previously listed on the Vancouver Stock Exchange or the Alberta Stock Exchange and later incorporated junior listings from the Toronto, Montreal and Winnipeg Stock Exchanges. The TSX-V is a venture market as compared to the TSX Exchange which is Canada’s senior market and the Montreal Exchange which is Canada’s market for derivatives products.

The TSX-V is a self-regulating organization owned and operated by the TSX Group.  It is governed by representatives of its member firms and the public.

The TSX Group acts as a business link between TSX Venture Exchange members, listed companies and investors. TSX-V policies and procedures are designed to accommodate companies still in their formative stages and recognize those that are more established. Listings are predominately small and medium sized companies.

Regulation of the TSX Venture Exchange, its member firms and its listed companies is the responsibility of Investment Industry Regulatory Organization of Canada ("IIROC"). IIROC is a not-for-profit, independent Canadian self-regulatory organization that, among other things, oversees trading in exchanges and marketplaces.

IIROC administers, oversees and enforces the Universal Market Integrity Rules (“UMIR”). To ensure compliance with UMIR, IIROC monitors real-time trading operations and market-related activities of marketplaces and participants, and also enforces compliance with UMIR by investigating alleged rule violations and administering any settlements and hearings that may arise in respect of such violations.


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Investors in Canada are protected by the Canadian Investor Protection Fund (“CIPF”). The CIPF is a private trust fund established to protect customers in the event of the insolvency of a member of any of the following Self-Regulatory Organizations: the TSX Venture Exchange, the Montreal Exchange, the TSX, the Toronto Futures Exchange and the IIROC. Item 10.  Additional Information Share Capital

The Company has financed its operations through the issuance of common shares through private placements, and the exercise of stock options. The changes in the Company’s share capital during the last 3 fiscal years, as adjusted for the 1 for 4 common share consolidation effective December 21, 2020, are as follows:

On October 23, 2020, the Company completed a non-brokered private placement of 4,219,641 common share units at a price of $0.12 per unit for gross proceeds of $506,357. Each unit consists of one common share and one non-transferable share purchase warrant. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share at a price of $0.20 per share until October 23, 2023.

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company conducted two private placements of its common shares. On February 25, 2019, the Company completed the third tranche of a non-brokered private placement by issuing 500,000 units at a price of $0.20 per unit for gross proceeds of $100,000. Each unit consists of one common share and one non-transferable warrant, with each warrant exercisable at a price of $0.40 until February 25, 2022. If, however, the closing price of the Company’s common shares are C$0.80 or greater for a period of 20 consecutive trading days, the warrants will expire on the earlier of the 30^th^ day after such notice is given and the original expiry date. On December 18, 2019, the Company completed a non-brokered private placement by issuing 910,000 units at a price of $0.20 per unit for gross proceeds of $182,000. Each unit consisted of one common share and one-half of one non-transferable warrant, with each full warrant entitling the holder to purchase one additional common share at a price of $0.20 until December 18, 2021.

During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company completed two private placements of common shares. On March 28, 2018, the company completed a non-brokered private placement by issuing 1,718,750 Units at a price of $0.32 per Unit for gross proceeds of $550,000. Each Unit consisted of one common share and one non-transferable warrant, with each warrant exercisable into one additional common share at a price of $0.48 until March 26, 2020. On November 9, 2018, the Company closed the first tranche of a non-brokered private placement of 2,500,000 Units at a price of $0.20 per Unit for gross proceeds of $500,000, and on December 17, 2018 closed the second tranche by issuing 1,160,000 Units at price of $0.20 for gross proceeds of $232,000. Each Unit consists of one common share and one non-transferable warrant, with each warrant exercisable into one additional common share at a price of $0.40 until November 9, 2021 for the first tranche and until December 17, 2021 for the second tranche. If, however, the closing price of the Company’s common shares is $0.80 or greater for a period of 20 consecutive trading days, the warrants will expire on the earlier of the 30^th^ day after such notice is given and the original expiry date.

Shares Issued for Assets Other Than Cash

No shares have been issued for assets other than cash in the most recent five fiscal years.

Shares Held By Company

No Disclosure Necessary-


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Stock Options

Stock Options to purchase securities from Registrant can be granted to Directors, Officers, Employees and Consultants of the Company on terms and conditions acceptable to the regulatory authorities in Canada, notably the TSX Venture Exchange.

The Company has a Rolling Stock Option Plan (the "Plan") which is required to be approved by shareholders annually. The Plan was initially adopted by the directors of the Company on July 29, 2008 and subsequently re-approved by shareholders at every Annual Meeting of shareholders thereafter, up to and including the Annual Meeting held on December 14, 2020. Under the Plan, stock options may be issued to qualified Officers, Directors, Employees and Consultants. The number of common shares reserved for issuance under the Plan is 10% of the currently issued common shares of the Company.

Under the Plan, the exercise price of the option may not be less than the closing price of the common shares on the TSX Venture Exchange on the day immediately preceding the date of grant, less the applicable discount allowed by the policies on the TSX Venture Exchange. An option granted under the Plan must be exercised within a period of five years from granting. Within this five year period, the Company's Board of Directors may determine the limitation period during which an option may be exercised and whether a particular grant will have a minimum vesting period. Any agreement to decrease the option price of options previously granted to insiders will require the approval of "disinterested shareholders", which is defined as approval by a majority of the votes cast at the Meeting other than votes attaching to shares of the Company beneficially owned by insiders of the Company to whom options may be granted under the Plan, and associates of such persons.

A complete copy of the Company’s Stock Option Plan as approved by shareholders at the Annual General Meeting held on June 5, 2012 has been included as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 20-F Registration Statement.

The names and titles of the Directors/Executive Officers of the Registrant to whom outstanding stock options have been granted and the numbers of common shares subject to such options are set forth in Table No. 13 as of April 30, 2021, as well as the number of options granted to Directors and all employees as a group.

Table No. 13

Stock Options Outstanding

Name Number of<br><br><br>Shares of<br><br><br>Common<br><br><br>Stock Number of<br><br><br>Options<br><br><br>Currently<br><br><br>Vested CDN$<br><br><br>Exercise<br><br><br>Price Expiration<br><br><br>Date
Paul W. Kuhn<br><br><br>President and CEO 25,000<br><br><br>50,000<br><br><br>37,500 25,000<br><br><br>50,000<br><br><br>37,500 $0.72<br><br><br>0.40<br><br><br>0.40 September 26, 2021<br><br><br>April 26, 2022<br><br><br>March 14, 2023
Winnie Wong,<br><br><br>Chief Financial Officer<br><br><br>& Corporate Secretary 25,000<br><br><br>37,500<br><br><br>31,250 25,000<br><br><br>37,500<br><br><br>31,250 $0.72<br><br><br>0.40<br><br><br>0.40 September 26, 2021<br><br><br>April 26, 2022<br><br><br>March 14, 2023
Mark T. Brown,<br><br><br>Director 75,000<br><br><br>37,500<br><br><br>31,250 75,000<br><br><br>37,500<br><br><br>31,250 $0.72<br><br><br>0.40<br><br><br>0.40 September 26, 2021<br><br><br>April 26, 2022<br><br><br>March 14, 2023
Paul Dircksen,<br><br><br>Director 25,000<br><br><br>12,500<br><br><br>25,000 25,000<br><br><br>12,500<br><br><br>25,000 $0.72<br><br><br>0.40<br><br><br>0.40 September 26, 2021<br><br><br>April 26, 2022<br><br><br>March 14, 2023

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Frank Hogel,<br><br><br>Director 62,500<br><br><br>12,500<br><br><br>25,000<br><br><br>27,000 62,500<br><br><br>12,500<br><br><br>25,000<br><br><br>27,000 0.72<br><br><br>0.40<br><br><br>0.40<br><br><br>0.20 September 26, 2021<br><br><br>April 26, 2022<br><br><br>March 14, 2023<br><br><br>January 7, 2024
Paul Nelles,<br><br><br>Director 25,000<br><br><br>12,500<br><br><br>25,000 25,000<br><br><br>12,500<br><br><br>25,000 $0.72<br><br><br>0.40<br><br><br>0.40 September 26, 2021<br><br><br>April 26, 2022<br><br><br>March 14, 2023
Ross Stringer,<br><br><br>Former Director 25,000<br><br><br>12,500<br><br><br>25,000 25,000<br><br><br>12,500<br><br><br>25,000 $0.72<br><br><br>0.40<br><br><br>0.40 September 26, 2021<br><br><br>April 26, 2022<br><br><br>March 14, 2023
Employees/Consultants 131,250<br><br><br>152,500<br><br><br>250,000<br><br><br>10,000<br><br><br>18,750 131,250<br><br><br>152,500<br><br><br>250,000<br><br><br>10,000<br><br><br>18,750 $0.72<br><br><br>0.40<br><br><br>0.40<br><br><br>0.40<br><br><br>0.20 September 26, 2021<br><br><br>April 26, 2022<br><br><br>March 14, 2023<br><br><br>March 26, 2023<br><br><br>January 7, 2024
Total Officers and Directors 602,000 602,000
Total Employees/<br><br><br>Consultants/Former Directors ****<br><br><br>625,000 625,000
Total Stock Options Issued and Outstanding 1,227,000 1,227,000

Resolutions/Authorization/Approvals

-No Disclosure Necessary-

Memorandum and Articles of Association

The Company was incorporated on January 23, 2008 under the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia under the name “Everclear Capital Ltd.” On July 7, 2010, the Company changed its name to “Avrupa Minerals Ltd.” At the Annual and Special Meeting of shareholders held on December 14, 2020, shareholders approved the adoption of new Company Articles.

There are no restrictions on the business the Company may carry on in the Articles of Incorporation.

Under the Company’s articles and bylaws any director or senior officer that has a disclosable interest in a contract or transaction shall be liable to account to the Company for any profits that accrue to the director or senior officer under or as a result of the contract or transaction unless disclosure is made thereof and the contract or transaction is approved in accordance with the provisions of the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia. A director is not allowed to vote on any transaction or contract with the Company in which he has a disclosable interest unless all directors have a disclosable interest in that transaction or contract, in which case all of those directors may vote on such resolution. A director or senior officer who holds any office or possesses any property, right or interest that could result, directly or indirectly, in the creation of a duty or interest that materially conflicts with that individual's duty or interest as a director or senior officer, must disclose the nature and extent of the conflict as required by the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia.

Section 16 of the Company’s bylaws address the duties of the directors, while Part 8 discusses the Borrowing Powers. The Company may, if authorized by the directors, may:


56



a)borrow money in the manner and amount, on the security, from the sources and on the terms and conditions that they consider appropriate

b)issue bonds, debentures and other debt obligations either outright or as security for any liability or obligation of the Company or any other person and at such discounts or premiums and on such other terms as they consider appropriate;

c)guarantee the repayment of money by any other person or the performance of any obligation of any other person; and

d)mortgage, charge, whether by way of specific or floating charge, grant a security interest in, or give other security on, the whole or any part of the present and future assets and undertaking of the Company.

Any bonds, debentures or other debt obligations of the Company may be issued at a discount, premium or otherwise, and with any special privileges as to redemption, surrender, drawings, allotment of or conversion into or exchange for shares or other securities, attending and voting at general meetings of the Company, appointment of directors and otherwise, and may, by their terms, be assignable free from any equities between the Company and the person to whom they were issued or any subsequent holder thereof, all as the directors may determine.

There are no age limit requirements pertaining to the retirement or non-retirement of directors and a director need not be a shareholder of the Company. At each annual general meeting of the Company, all the directors shall retire and the shareholders shall elect a Board of Directors consisting of the number of directors for the time being set pursuant the Company's Articles. A retiring director shall be eligible for re-election.

The remuneration of the directors may from time to time be determined by the directors or, if the directors shall so decide, by the shareholders. Such remuneration may be in addition to any salary or other remuneration paid to any officer or employee of the Company as such who is also a director. Directors shall be paid such reasonable travelling, hotel and other expenses as they incur in and about the business of the Company and if any director shall perform any professional or other services for the Company that in the opinion of the directors are outside the ordinary duties of a director or shall otherwise be specially occupied in or about the Company's business, he may be paid a remuneration to be fixed by the Board or, at the option of such director, by the Company in general meeting, and such remuneration my be either in addition to or in substitution for any other remuneration that he may be entitled to receive.

Subject to the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia, a director may hold any office or place of profit with the Company, other than the office of auditor with the Company, in conjunction with his office of director for such period and such terms as the directors may determine. No director or intended director shall be disqualified by his office from contracting with the Company. Subject to compliance with the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia, a director or his firm may act in a professional capacity for the Company, other than as auditor, and he or his firm shall be entitled to remuneration for professional services as if he were not a director.

Section 21 deals with indemnification and payment of expenses of directors and officers. Subject to the provisions of the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia, the directors shall cause the Company to indemnify and pay all eligible penalties and expenses of an eligible party and, where appropriate, the heirs and personal or other legal representatives of an eligible party in accordance with the provisions of the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia. Each director, alternate director and officer is deemed to have contracted with the Company on the terms of the indemnity contained in Article 21.1. The failure of a director, alternate director, or officer of the Company to comply with the provisions of the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia or these Articles shall not invalidate any indemnity to which he is entitled under this Part. The directors may cause the Company to purchase and maintain insurance for the benefit of eligible parties.


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Section 27 covers the Nomination of Directors and Advance Notice Provisions which covers the nomination of persons for election to the Board of Directors of the Company. Nominations may be made at any annual or special meeting of shareholders if one of the purposes of the meeting was for the election of directors. Nominations may be made:

(a)by or at the direction of the board, including pursuant to a notice of meeting;

(b)by or at the direction or request of one or more shareholders pursuant to a proposal made in accordance with the provisions of the Act, or a requisition of the shareholders made in accordance with the provisions of the Act; or

(c)by any person (a “Nominating Shareholder”): (A) who, at the close of business on the date of the giving of the notice provided for in Section 27 and on the record date for notice of such meeting, is entered in the securities register as a holder of one or more shares carrying the right to vote at such meeting or who beneficially owns shares that are entitled to be voted at such meeting; and (B) who complies with the notice procedures set forth in Section 27.

For a nomination to be made by a Nominating Shareholder, the Nominating Shareholder mush have given timely notice in proper written form to the Secretary of the Company at the principal executive offices of the Company. No person shall be eligible for election as a director unless nominated in accordance with Section 27. The Chairman of the meeting shall have the power and duty to determine whether a nomination was made in accordance with the required procedures and, if any such nomination is not in compliance, to declare that such defective nomination shall be disregarded. The Board may, in its sole discretion, waive any requirement of Section 27.

The majority required for the passage of a special resolution or a special separate resolution shall be 2/3 of the votes cast on the resolution.

The rights, preferences and restrictions attaching to each class of the Company’s shares are as follows:

The authorized share structure of the Company consists of an unlimited number of common shares without par value.  Holders of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters to be acted upon by the shareholders.  Directors may from time to time declare and authorize payment of such dividends, if any, as they deem advisable and need not give notice of such declaration to any shareholder. Dividends are subject to the rights, if any, of shareholders holding shares with special rights as to dividends. No dividend shall be paid otherwise than out of funds and/or assets properly available for the payment of dividends and a declaration by the directors as the amount of such funds or assets available for dividends shall be conclusive.

The Company may by resolution of its directors make any changes to the authorized share structure as may be permitted under Section 54 of the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia, or in its name as may be permitted under Section 263 of the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia, and may by resolution of its directors make or authorize the making of any alterations to these Articles and the notice of articles as may be required by such changes. The Company may by ordinary resolution create or vary special rights and restrictions as provided in Section 58 of the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia. No alteration, as provided in Article 9, will be valid as to any part of the issued shares of any class unless the holders of all the issued shares of that class consent to the alteration in writing or consent by special separate resolution. The Company may alter its Articles by resolution of its directors and, if required by such alteration, may by resolution of its directors alter the Notice of Articles.

Subject to the provisions of the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia, the Company or the Directors on behalf of the Company, may pay a reasonable commission or allow a reasonable discount to any person in consideration of his purchasing or agreeing to purchase, whether absolutely or conditionally, any shares, debentures, share rights, warrants or debenture stock in the Company, or procuring or agreeing to procure purchasers, whether absolutely or conditionally, for any such shares, debentures, share rights, warrants or debenture stock. The Company may also pay such brokerage as may be lawful.


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An annual general meeting shall be held once every calendar year at such time (not being more than 15 months after the annual reference date for the preceding calendar year) and place as may be determined by the Directors. The Directors may, as they see fit, convene an extraordinary general meeting. An extraordinary general meeting, if requisitioned in accordance with the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia, shall be convened by the Directors or, if not convened by the Directors, may be convened by the requisitionists as provided in the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia.

There are no limitations upon the rights to own securities.

There are no provisions that would have the effect of delaying, deferring, or preventing a change in control of the Company.

There is no special ownership threshold above which an ownership position must be disclosed.

The Company may alter its Notice of Articles, Articles and share structure in the following manner:

  1. by directors' resolution or ordinary resolution, as determined in each case by the directors,

a. create one or more classes or series of shares and, if none of the shares of a class or series of shares are allotted or issued, eliminate that class or series of shares and alter the identifying name of any of its shares;

b. establish, increase, reduce or eliminate the maximum number of shares that the Company is authorized to issue out of any class or series of shares;

c. if the Company is authorized to issue shares of a class of shares with par value, decrease the par value of those shares or if none of the shares of that class of shares are allotted or issued, increase the par value of those shares;

d. change unissued shares with par value into shares without par value or vice versa or change all or any of its fully paid issued shares with par value into shares without par value;

e. create, attach, vary or delete special rights or restrictions for the shares of any class or series of shares, if none of those shares have been issued;

f. subdivide all or any of its unissued, or fully paid issued, shares, and g. authorize alterations to the Articles that are procedural or administrative in nature or are matters that pursuant to the Articles are solely within the directors' powers, control or authority.

A copy of the Company’s new Articles is filed as an exhibit to this 20-F Annual Report.

Material Contracts

1.On June 3, 2011, the Company signed a Memorandum of Understanding (“MOU”) with Antofagasta Minerals S.A. (“Antofagasta”) to undertake exploration on the Alvalade project   The MOU covers three exploration licenses:  Alvalade, Canal Caveira, and Ferriera do Alentejo. Antofagasta completed a US$300,000 initial study of the project.  Upon successful completion of the initial study, on December 22, 2011, the Company entered into the Alvalade Joint Venture agreement with Antofagasta whereas the Company granted to Antofagasta the option to acquire an undivided 51% interest in the project, which can be exercised by Antofagasta funding or incurring expenditures of an additional US$4 million over three years.  After exercise of the first option, Antofagasta will be granted a further option to acquire an additional 24% interest in the project, for an aggregate 75% undivided interest, by completing and delivering a Feasibility Study on the project to the Company within five years.  The Company operates the


59



joint venture through the first option period. A copy of this agreement has been filed as an exhibit to the Company’s 20-F Registration Statement.

2.On May 18, 2011, the Company signed an agreement to option out the Covas Tungsten Project to Blackheath Resources Inc. (“Blackheath”). Under the terms of the agreement, Blackheath has the option to earn a 51% interest in the project by spending €300,000 in exploration on the project before March 20, 2013, of which €150,000 (spent) is a firm commitment and must be spent by March 20, 2012. Blackheath can then earn an additional 19% by spending an additional €700,000 for a total interest of 70% for total expenditures of €1,000,000, by March 20, 2014.  Blackheath can also earn another 15% for a total interest of 85% by completing a pre-feasibility study (as defined by NI 43-101 regulations) on the property by March 20, 2016. During the year ended December 31, 2011, Blackheath completed the €150,000 exploration commitment by incurring €26,127 directly, reimbursing €64,687 for MAEPA’s exploration expenses and advancing €59,186 to the Company for future exploration work. A copy of this agreement has been filed as an exhibit to the Company 20-F Registration Statement.

Exchange controls

Canada has no system of exchange controls.  There are no Canadian restrictions on the repatriation of capital or earnings of a Canadian public company to non-resident investors.  There are no laws in Canada or exchange restrictions affecting the remittance of dividends, profits, interest, royalties and other payments to non-resident holders of the Company's securities, except as discussed in ITEM 10, ”Taxation" below.

Restrictions on Share Ownership by Non-Canadians:  There are no limitations under the laws of Canada or in the organizing documents of Avrupa on the right of foreigners to hold or vote securities of Avrupa, except that the Investment Canada Act may require review and approval by the Minister of Industry (Canada) of certain acquisitions of "control" of the Company by a "non-Canadian". The threshold for acquisitions of control is generally defined as being one-third or more of the voting shares of the Company. "Non-Canadian" generally means an individual who is not a Canadian citizen, or a corporation, partnership, trust or joint venture that is ultimately controlled by non-Canadians.

Taxation

The following summary of the material Canadian federal income tax consequences are stated in general terms and are not intended to be advice to any particular shareholder. Each prospective investor is urged to consult his or her own tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of his or her purchase, ownership and disposition of common stock. The tax consequences to any particular holder of common stock will vary according to the status of that holder as an individual, trust, corporation or member of a partnership, the jurisdiction in which that holder is subject to taxation, the place where that holder is resident and, generally, according to that holder’s particular circumstances.

This summary is applicable only to holders who are resident in the United States, have never been resident in Canada, deal at arm’s length with the Company, hold their common stock as capital property and who will not use or hold the common stock in carrying on business in Canada.  Special rules, which are not discussed in this summary, may apply to a United States holder that is an issuer that carries on business in Canada and elsewhere.

This summary is based upon the provisions of the Income Tax Act of Canada and the regulations thereunder (collectively, the "Tax Act" or “ITA”) and the Canada-United States Tax Convention (the “Tax Convention”) as at the date of the Annual Report and the current administrative practices of Canada Customs and Revenue Agency. This summary does not take into account provincial income tax consequences.

Management urges each holder to consult his own tax advisor with respect to the income tax consequences applicable to him in his own particular circumstances.


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Canadian Income Tax Consequences

Disposition of Common Stock

The summary below is restricted to the case of a holder (a “Holder”) of one or more common shares (“Common Shares”) who for the purposes of the Tax Act is a non-resident of Canada, holds his Common Shares as capital property and deals at arm’s length with the Company.

Dividends

A Holder will be subject to Canadian withholding tax (“Part XIII Tax”) equal to 25%, or such lower rates as may be available under an applicable tax treaty, of the gross amount of any dividend paid or deemed to be paid on his Common Shares. Under the Tax Convention, the rate of Part XIII Tax applicable to a dividend on Common Shares paid to a Holder who is a resident of the United States is, if the Holder is a company that beneficially owns at least 10% of the voting stock of the Company, 5% and, in any other case, 15% of the gross amount of the dividend. The Company will be required to withhold the applicable amount of Part XIII Tax from each dividend so paid and remit the withheld amount directly to the Receiver General for Canada for the account of the Holder.

Disposition of Common Shares

A Holder who disposes of Common Shares, including by deemed disposition on death, will not be subject to Canadian tax on any capital gain thereby realized unless the common Share constituted “taxable Canadian property” as defined by the Tax Act. Generally, a common share of a public corporation will not constitute taxable Canadian property of a Holder unless he held the common share as capital property used by him carrying on a business in Canada, or he or persons with whom he did not deal at arm’s length alone or together held or held options to acquire, at any time within the 60 months preceding the disposition, 25% or more of the issued shares of any class of the capital stock of the Company.

A Holder who is a resident of the United States and realizes a capital gain on disposition of Common Shares that was taxable Canadian property will nevertheless, by virtue of the Treaty, generally be exempt from Canadian tax thereon unless (a) more than 50% of the value of the Common Shares is derived from, or from an interest in, Canadian real estate, including Canadian mineral resources properties, (b) the Common Shares formed part of the business property of a permanent establishment that the Holder has or had in Canada within the 12 months preceding disposition, or (c) the Holder (i) was a resident of Canada at any time within the ten years immediately preceding the disposition, and for a total of 120 months during any period of 20 consecutive years, preceding the disposition, and (ii) owned the Common Shares when he ceased to be resident in Canada.

A Holder who is subject to Canadian tax in respect of a capital gain realized on disposition of Common Shares must include one half of the capital gain (“taxable capital gain”) in computing his taxable income earned in Canada. The Holder may, subject to certain limitations, deduct one half of any capital loss (“allowable capital loss”) arising on disposition of taxable Canadian property from taxable capital gains realized in the year of disposition in respect to taxable Canadian property and, to the extent not so deductible, from such taxable capital gains of any of the three preceding years or any subsequent year.

United States Federal Income Tax Consequences

The following is a discussion of material United States Federal income tax consequences, under the law, generally applicable to a U.S. Holder (as defined below) of common shares of the Company. This discussion does not cover any state, local or foreign tax consequences.

The following discussion is based upon the sections of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“the Code”), Treasury Regulations, published Internal Revenue Service (“IRS) rulings, published administrative positions of the IRS and court decisions that are currently applicable, any or all of which could be materially and adversely changed,


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possible on a retroactive basis, at any time.  In addition, the discussion does not consider the potential effects, both adverse and beneficial, or recently proposed legislation which, if enacted, could be applied, possibly on a retroactive basis, at any time. The discussion is for general information only and it is not intended to be, nor should it be construed to be, legal or tax advice to any holder or prospective holder of common shares of the Company. Each holder and prospective holder of common shares of the Company is advised to consult their own tax advisors about the federal, state, local, and foreign tax consequences of purchasing, owning and disposing of common shares of the Company applicable to their own particular circumstances.

U.S. Holders

As used herein, a (“U.S. Holder”) includes a holder of common shares of the Company who is a citizen or resident of the United States, a corporation created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or of any political subdivision thereof, an estate whose income is taxable in the United States irrespective of source or a trust subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and control of a United States fiduciary as described in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code. This summary does not address the tax consequences to, and U.S. Holder does not include, persons subject to special provisions of Federal income tax law, such as tax-exempt organizations, qualified retirement plans, financial institutions, insurance companies, real estate investment trusts, regulated investment companies, broker-dealers, non-resident alien individuals, persons or entities that have a “functional currency” other than the U.S. dollar, shareholders who hold common shares as part of a straddle, hedging or conversion transaction, and shareholders who acquired their common shares through the exercise of employee stock options or otherwise as compensation for services.

This summary is limited to U.S. Holders who own common shares as capital assets. This summary does not address the consequences to a person or entity holding an interest in a shareholder or the consequences to a person of the ownership, exercise or disposition of any options, warrants or other rights to acquire common shares.

Distribution on Common Shares of the Company

U.S. Holders receiving dividend distributions (including constructive dividends) with respect to common shares of the Company are required to include in gross income for United States Federal income tax purposes the gross amount of such distributions equal to the U.S. dollar value of such distributions on the date of receipt (based on the exchange rate on such date), to the extent that the Company has current or accumulated earnings and profits, without reduction for any Canadian income tax withheld from such distributions.  Such Canadian tax withheld may be credited, subject to certain limitations, against the U.S. Holder’s United States Federal Income tax liability or, alternatively, individuals may be deducted in computing the U.S. Holder’s United States Federal taxable income by those individuals who itemize deductions.  (See more detailed discussion at “Foreign Tax Credit” below).  To the extent that distributions exceed current or accumulated earnings and profits of the Company, they will be treated first as a return of capital up to the U.S. Holder’s adjusted basis in the common shares and thereafter as gain from the sale or exchange of the common shares. Dividend income will be taxed at marginal tax rates applicable to ordinary income while preferential tax rates for long-term capital gains are applicable to a U.S. Holder which is an individual, estate or trust.  There are currently no preferential tax rates for long-term capital gains for a U.S. Holder which is a corporation.

In the case of foreign currency received as a dividend that is not converted by the recipient into U.S. dollars on the date of receipt, a U.S. Holder will have a tax basis in the foreign currency equal to its U.S. dollar value on the date of receipt. Generally any gain or loss recognized upon a subsequent sale of other disposition of the foreign currency, including the exchange for U.S. dollars, will be ordinary income or loss.

Dividends paid on the common shares of the Company will not generally be eligible for the dividends received deduction provided to corporations receiving dividends from certain United States corporations.  A U.S. Holder which is a corporation may, under certain circumstances, be entitled to a 70% deduction of the United States source portion of dividends received from the Company (unless the Company qualifies as a “foreign personal holding company” or a “passive foreign investment company”, as defined below) if such U.S. Holder owns shares representing at least 10% of the voting power and value of the Company.  The availability of this deduction is subject to several complex limitations which are beyond the scope of this discussion.


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Under current Treasury Regulations, dividends paid on the Company’s common shares, if any, generally will not be subject to information reporting and generally will not be subject to U.S. backup withholding tax. However, dividends and the proceeds from a sale of the Company’s common shares paid in the U.S. through a U.S. or U.S. related paying agent (including a broker) will be subject to U.S. information reporting requirements and may also be subject to the 31% U.S. backup withholding tax, unless the paying agent is furnished with a duly completed and signed Form W-9. Any amounts withheld under the U.S. backup withholding tax rules will be allowed as a refund or a credit against the U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is furnished to the IRS.

Foreign Tax Credit

For individuals whose entire income from sources outside the United States consists of qualified passive income, the total amount of creditable foreign taxes paid or accrued during the taxable year does not exceed $300 ($600 in the case of a joint return) and an election is made under section 904(j), the limitation on credit does not apply.

A U.S. Holder who pays (or has withheld from distributions) Canadian income tax with respect to the ownership of common shares of the Company may be entitled, at the option of the U.S. Holder, to either a deduction or a tax credit for such foreign tax paid or withheld.  Generally, it will be more advantageous to claim a credit because a credit reduces United States Federal income taxes on a dollar-for-dollar basis, while a deduction merely reduces the taxpayer’s income subject to tax.  This election is made on a year-by-year basis and applies to all foreign income taxes (or taxes in lieu of income tax) paid by (or withheld from) the U.S. Holder during the year.  There are significant and complex limitations which apply to the credit, among which is the general limitation that the credit cannot exceed the proportionate share of the U.S. Holder’s United States income tax liability that the U.S. Holder’s foreign source income bears to his/her or its worldwide taxable income in the determination of the application of this limitation. The various items of income and deduction must be classified into foreign and domestic sources. Complex rules govern this classification process.  In addition, this limitation is calculated separately with respect to specific classes of income such as “passive income”, “high withholding tax interest”, “financial services income”, “shipping income”, and certain other classifications of income. Dividends distributed by the Company will generally constitute “passive income” or, in the case of certain U.S. Holders, “financial services income” for these purposes.  The availability of the foreign tax credit and the application of the limitations on the credit are fact specific and management urges holders and prospective holders of common shares of the Company to consult their own tax advisors regarding their individual circumstances.

Disposition of Common Shares of the Company

A U.S. Holder will recognize gain or loss upon the sale of common shares of the Company equal to the difference, if any, between (I) the amount of cash plus the fair market value of any property received, and (ii) the shareholder’s tax basis in the common shares of the Company.  Preferential tax rates apply to long-term capital gains of U.S. Holders, which are individuals, estates or trusts. This gain or loss will be capital gain or loss if the common shares are capital assets in the hands of the U.S. Holder, which will be a short-term or long-term capital gain or loss depending upon the holding period of the U.S. Holder.  Gains and losses are netted and combined according to special rules in arriving at the overall capital gain or loss for a particular tax year.  Deductions for net capital losses are subject to significant limitations.  For U.S. Holders, which are not corporations, any unused portion of such net capital loss may be carried over to be used in later tax years until such net capital loss is thereby exhausted, but individuals may not carry back capital losses. For U.S. Holders, which are corporations (other than corporations subject to Subchapter S of the Code), an unused net capital loss may be carried back three years from the loss year and carried forward five years from the loss year to be offset against capital gains until such net capital loss is thereby exhausted.

Other Considerations

In the following circumstances, the above sections of the discussion may not describe the United States Federal income tax consequences resulting from the holding and disposition of common shares of the Company.


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Foreign Personal Holding Company

If at any time during a taxable year more than 50% of the total combined voting power or the total value of the Company’s outstanding shares is owned, actually or constructively, by five or fewer individuals who are citizens or residents of the United States and 60% (50% after the first tax year) or more of the Company’s gross income for such year was derived from certain passive sources (e.g. from interest income received from its subsidiaries), the Company would be treated as a “foreign personal holding company.”  In that event, U.S. Holders that hold common shares of the Company would be required to include in gross income for such year their allocable portions of such passive income to the extent the Company does not actually distribute such income.

The Company does not believe that it currently has the status of a “foreign personal holding company”. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will not be considered a foreign personal holding company for the current or any future taxable year.

Foreign Investment Company

If 50% or more of the combined voting power or total value of the Company’s outstanding shares are held, actually or constructively, by citizens or residents of the United States, United States domestic partnerships or corporations, or estates or trusts other than foreign estates or trusts (as defined by the Code Section 7701(a)(31), and the Company is found to be engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting, or trading in securities, commodities, or any interest therein, it is possible that the Company might be treated as a “foreign investment company” as defined in Section 1246 of the Code, causing all or part of any gain realized by a U.S. Holder selling or exchanging common shares of the Company to be treated as ordinary income rather than capital gains.

Passive Foreign Investment Company

As a foreign corporation with U.S. Holders, the Company could potentially be treated as a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”), as defined in Section 1297 of the Code, depending upon the percentage of the Company’s income which is passive, or the percentage of the Company’s assets which is held for the purpose of producing passive income.

The rule governing PFICs can have significant tax effects on U.S. shareholders of foreign corporations who are subject to U.S. Federal income taxation under alternative methods at the election of each such U.S. shareholder.  As a PFIC, each U.S. shareholder’s income or gain, with respect to a disposition or deemed disposition of the PFIC’s shares or a distribution payable on such shares will generally be subject to tax at the highest marginal rates applicable to ordinary income and certain interest charges, unless the U.S. shareholder has timely made a “qualified electing fund” election or a “mark-to-market” election for those shares.

A U.S. shareholder who elects to treat the PFIC as a Qualified Electing Fund ("QEF"), as defined in the Code, (an "Electing U.S. Holder") will be required to currently include in his income, for any taxable year in which the corporation qualifies as a PFIC, his pro-rata share of the corporation's (i) "net capital gain" (the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss), which will be taxed as long-term capital gain to the Electing U.S. Holder, and (ii) "ordinary earnings" (the excess of earnings and profits over net capital gain), which will be taxed as ordinary income to the Electing U.S. Holder, in each case, for the U.S. Holder's taxable year in which the corporation’s taxable year ends, regardless of whether such amounts are actually distributed. A QEF election also allows the Electing U.S. Holder to generally treat any gain realized on the disposition of his common shares (or deemed to be realized on the pledge of his common shares) as capital gain; treat his share of the corporation's net capital gain, if any, as long-term capital gain instead of ordinary income, and either avoid interest charges resulting from PFIC status altogether, or make an annual election, subject to certain limitations, to defer payment of current taxes on his share of the corporation's annual realized net capital gain and ordinary earnings.

The procedure a U.S. Holder must comply with in making a timely QEF election will depend on whether the year of the election is the first year in the U.S. Holder's holding period in which the corporation is a PFIC. If the U.S.


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shareholder makes a QEF election in such first year, then the U.S. shareholder may make the QEF election by simply filing the appropriate documents at the time the U.S. Holder files a tax return for such first year. If, however, the corporation qualified as a PFIC in a prior year during the U.S. shareholder’s holding period, then the U.S. shareholder may make a retroactive QEF election, provided he has preserved his right to do so under the protective statement regime or he obtains IRS permission.

If a U.S. shareholder has not made a QEF Election at any time (a "Non-electing U.S. Holder"), then special taxation rules under Section 1291 of the Code will apply to gains realized on the disposition (or deemed to be realized by reason of a pledge) of his common shares, and certain "excess distributions" by the corporation. An excess distribution is a current year distribution received by the U.S. shareholder on PFIC stock to the extent that the distribution exceeds its ratable portion of 125% of the average amount received by the U.S. shareholder during the preceding three years.

A Non-electing U.S. shareholder generally would be required to pro-rate all gains realized on the disposition of his common shares and all excess distributions over the entire holding period for the common shares. All gains or excess distributions allocated to prior years of the U.S. shareholder (other than years prior to the first taxable year of the corporation during such U.S. Holder's holding period and beginning after January 1, 1987 for which it was a PFIC) would be taxed at the highest marginal tax rate for each such prior year applicable to ordinary income. The Non-electing U.S. shareholder also would be liable for interest on the foregoing tax liability for each such prior year calculated as if such liability had been due with respect to each such prior year. A Non-electing non-corporate U.S. shareholder must treat this interest charge as "personal interest" which is wholly non-deductible. The balance of the gain or the excess distribution will be treated as ordinary income in the year of the disposition or distribution, and no interest charge will be incurred with respect to such balance.

If a corporation is a PFIC for any taxable year during which a Non-electing U.S. shareholder holds common shares, then the corporation will continue to be treated as a PFIC with respect to such common shares, even if it is no longer by definition a PFIC. A Non-electing U.S. shareholder may terminate this deemed PFIC status by electing to recognize a gain, which will be taxed under the rules for Non-Electing U.S. Holders, as if such common shares had been sold on the last day of the last taxable year for which it was a PFIC. If the corporation no longer qualifies as a PFIC in a subsequent year, then normal Code rules and not the PFIC rules will apply with respect to a U.S. shareholder who has made a QEF election.

In certain circumstances, a U.S. Holder of stock in a PFIC can make a “qualified electing fund election” to mitigate some of the adverse tax consequences of holding stock in a PFIC by including in income its share of the corporation’s income on a current basis. However, the Company does not currently intend to prepare or provide the information that would enable you to make a qualified electing fund election. Management urges US persons to consult with their own tax advisors with regards to the impact of these rules.

Controlled Foreign Corporation

A Controlled Foreign Corporation (CFC) is a foreign corporation more than 50% of whose stock by vote or value is, on any day in the corporation’s tax year, owned (directly or indirectly) by U.S. Shareholders. If more than 50% of the voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote is owned, actually or constructively, by citizens or residents of the United States, United States domestic partnerships and corporations or estates or trusts other than foreign estates or trusts, each of whom own actually or constructively 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company could be treated as a “controlled foreign corporation” under Subpart F of the Code.  This classification would affect many complex results, one of which is the inclusion of certain income of a CFC, which is subject to current U.S. tax. The United States generally taxes United States Shareholders of a CFC currently on their pro rata shares of the Subpart F income of the CFC. Such United States Shareholders are generally treated as having received a current distribution out of the CFC’s Subpart F income and are also subject to current U.S. tax on their pro rata shares of the CFC’s earnings invested in U.S. property. The foreign tax credit described above may reduce the U.S. tax on these amounts.


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In addition, under Section 1248 of the Code, gain from the sale or exchange of shares by a U.S. Holder of common shares of the Corporation which is or was a United States Shareholder at any time during the five-year period ending with the sale or exchange is treated as ordinary income to the extent of earnings and profits of the Company (accumulated in corporate tax years beginning after 1962, but only while the shares were held and while the Company was “controlled”) attributable to the shares sold or exchanged. If a foreign corporation is both a PFIC and a CFC, the foreign corporation generally will not be treated as a PFIC with respect to the United States Shareholders of the CFC. This rule generally will be effective for taxable years of United States Shareholders beginning after 1997 and for taxable years of foreign corporations ending with or within such taxable years of United States Shareholders. The PFIC provisions continue to apply in the case of PFIC that is also a CFC with respect to the U.S. Holders that are less than 10% shareholders. Because of the complexity of Subpart F, a more detailed review of these rules is outside of the scope of this discussion.

The amount of any backup withholding will not constitute additional tax and will be allowed as a credit against the U.S. Holder’s federal income tax liability.

Filing of Information Returns

Under a number of circumstances, United States Investor acquiring shares of the Company may be required to file an information return with the Internal Revenue Service Center where they are required to file their tax returns with a duplicate copy to the Internal Revenue Service Center, Philadelphia, PA 19255. In particular, any United States Investor who becomes the owner, directly or indirectly, of 10% or more of the shares of the Company will be required to file such a return. Other filing requirements may apply, and management urges United States Investors to consult their own tax advisors concerning these requirements.

Statement by Experts

The Company’s auditors for its financial statements as at December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was DeVisser Gray LLP, Chartered Accountants. Their audit report is included with the related financial statements within this Annual Report.

Documents on Display

All documents incorporated in the Company’s 20-F Registration Statement and this Annual Report may be viewed at the Company’s Executive Office located at 410 – 325 Howe Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6C 1Z7. Item 11.  Disclosures A bout Market Risk The Company competes with other resource companies for exploration properties and possible joint venture agreements.  There is a risk that this competition could increase the difficulty of concluding a negotiation on terms that the Company considers acceptable.

The Company’s property interests in Portugal, Germany and Kosovo make it subject to foreign currency fluctuations and inflationary pressures which may adversely affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The Company is affected by changes in exchange rates between the Canadian Dollar and foreign functional currencies. The Company does not invest in foreign currency contracts to mitigate the risks. A 1% change in the absolute rate of exchange in US dollars and Euros would affect its net loss by $200.

As the Company is currently in the exploration phase and has no producing mineral properties, it is not currently exposed to commodity price risk.


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Item 12.  Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities Not Applicable Part II

Item 13.  Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies Not Applicable Item 14.  Modifications of Rights of Securities Holders and Use of Proceeds Not Applicable Item 15.  Controls and Procedures Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures to provide reasonable assurance that material information related to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to senior management, including the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and the Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), by others within those entities on a timely basis so that appropriate decisions can be made regarding public disclosure.

We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as December 31, 2020. The Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2020, were effective to give reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (ii) accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Office and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

The Company’s management is responsible for designing, establishing and maintaining a system of internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f)) to provide reasonable assurance that the financial information prepared by the Company for external purposes is reliable and has been recorded, processed and reported in an accurate and timely manner in accordance with IFRS.  The Board of Directors is responsible for ensuring that management fulfills its responsibilities. The Audit Committee fulfills its role of ensuring the integrity of the reported information through its review of the interim and annual financial statements.  Management reviewed the results of their assessment with the Company’s Audit Committee.

Because of its inherent limitations, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect all possible misstatements or frauds.  Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate.

To evaluate the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, Management has used the Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013), which is a suitable, recognized control framework established by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).  Management has assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and concluded that such internal control over financial reporting is effective as of December 31, 2020.


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Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls

The Company's management, including the CEO and CFO, does not expect that our Disclosure Controls or our Internal Controls will prevent all error and all fraud.  A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met.  Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs.  Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected.  These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control.  The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, control may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected. Attestation Report of the Registered Accounting Firm. This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s registered public accounting firm pursuant to the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit the Company to provide only management’s report in this Form 20-F Annual Report.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Item 16.  Reserved

Item 16A.  Audit Committee Financial Expert The Company does not have an “audit committee financial expert” serving on its audit committee.  The Company’s Audit Committee consists of three directors (two independent), all of whom are both financially literate and very knowledgeable about the Company’s affairs.  Because the Company’s structure and operations are straightforward, the Company does not find it necessary at the current time to augment its Board with a financial expert. Item 16B.  Code of Ethics The Board has not adopted a written code of ethics. However, the Board views good corporate governance as an integral component to the Company’s success. It has found that the fiduciary duties placed on individual directors by the Company’s governing corporate legislation and the common law and the restrictions placed by the applicable corporate legislation on an individual director’s participation in decisions of the Board in which the director has an interest have been sufficient to ensure that the Board operates independently of management and in the best interests of the Company. Item 16C.  Principal Accounting Fees and Services The audit committee is directly responsible for the appointment, compensation and oversight of auditors; the audit committee has in place procedures for receiving complaints and concerns about accounting and auditing matters; and has the authority and the funding to engage independent counsel and other outside advisors.

The Audit Committee may delegate to one or more designated members of the Audit Committee the authority to grant pre-approvals required by this policy / procedure.  The decisions of any Audit Committee member to whom authority is delegated to pre-approve a service shall be presented to the full Audit Committee at its next scheduled meeting.


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In accordance with the requirements of the US Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and rules issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission, we introduced a procedure for the review and pre-approval of any services performed by DeVisser Gray LLP, including audit services, audit related services, tax services and other services.  The procedure requires that all proposed engagements of DeVisser Gray LLP for audit and permitted non-audit services are submitted to the finance and audit committee for approval prior to the beginning of any such services.

Fees, including reimbursements for expenses, for professional services rendered by DeVisser Gray LLP to the Company are detailed below.

Principal Accountant Fees and Services Fiscal 2020<br><br><br>Ended<br><br><br>12/31/2020 Fiscal 2018<br><br><br>Ended<br><br><br>12/31/2019
Audit Fees $  20,500 $  20,500
Audit-Related Fees - -
Tax Fees - -
All Other Fees - -
TOTAL $  20,500 $  20,500

Item 16D.  Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees --- No Disclosure Necessary --- Item 16E.  Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers --- No Disclosure Necessary --- Item 16F.  Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant --- No Disclosure Necessary --- Item 16G.  Corporate Governance --- No Disclosure Necessary --- Item 16H.  Mine Safety Disclosure --- No Disclosure Necessary --- Part III

Item 17.  Financial Statements The Company has provided financial statements pursuant to ITEM #18. Item 18.  Financial Statements The Company's financial statements are stated in Canadian Dollars (CDN$) and are prepared in accordance with IFRS.

The financial statements as required under ITEM #18 are attached hereto and found immediately following the text of this Annual Report.  The audit report of DeVisser Gray LLP, Chartered Accountants, is included herein immediately preceding the financial statements. Item 19.  Exhibits (A)  The financial statements thereto as required under ITEM #18 are attached hereto and found immediately following the text of this Annual Report.  The audit report of DeVissser Gray LLP, Chartered Accountants, for the audited financial statements is included herein immediately preceding the audited financial statements.


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·Audited Financial Statements

·Independent Auditors Report of DeVisser Gray LLP, Chartered Accountants, dated April 28, 2021.

·Consolidated Statements of Financial Position at December 31, 2020, and December 31, 2019.

·Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the years ended December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

·Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

·Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

·Notes to Financial Statements

(B)  Index to Exhibits:

1.Certificate of Incorporation, Certificates of Name Change, Articles of Incorporation, Articles of Amalgamation and By-Laws: 1.1Certificate of Incorporationand Notice of Articles dated January 23, 2008**

1.2Articles and Bylaws (British Columbia) dated January 23, 2008*

1.3Certificate of Name Change dated July 7, 2010**

1.4New Articles and Bylaws as approved by shareholders on December 14, 2020

2.Instruments defining the rights of holders of the securities being registered – See Exhibit Number 1

3.Voting Trust Agreements – not applicable

4.Material Contracts

4.1Joint Venture agreementbetween the Company andAntofagasta Minerals S.A. (“Antofagasta”) regarding the exploration on the Alvalade project dated December 22, 2011.*

4.2Agreement between theCompanyandCovas Tungsten Project to Blackheath Resources Inc. (“Blackheath”) regarding the optioning out of the Covas Tungsten Project dated May 18, 2011. *

5.List of Foreign Patents – not applicable

6.Calculation of earnings per share – not applicable

7.Explanation of calculation of ratios – not applicable

8.List of Subsidiaries*

9.Statement pursuant to the instructions to Item 8.A.4, regarding the financial statements filed in registration statements for initial public offerings of securities – not applicable

10.Notice Required by Rule 104 of Regulation BTR – not applicable

11 Code of Ethics – not applicable

12Certifications required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a)

12.1     CEO

12.2     CFO

13Certifications required by Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code

13.1     CEO

13.2     CFO

14.Legal Opinion required by Instruction 3 of ITEM 7B – not applicable

15.Additional Exhibits:


70



15.1Consent of DeVisser Gray LLP, Chartered Accountants, datedJune 20, 2012***

15.2Copy of Stock Option Plan*

___________

*Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Form 20FR filed with the Securities Exchange Commission on June 4, 2012.

**Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Form 20FR filed with the Securities Exchange Commission on October 5, 2012.

***Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Form 20FR filed with the Securities Exchange Commission on October 24, 2012.


71



Picture 1

AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED

DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018


72



AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

Contents

Page

Auditor’s Report3-4

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position5

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss6

Consolidated Statements of Changes in (Deficiency) / Equity7

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows8

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements9 – 35


410 – 325 Howe Street, Vancouver, BC V6C 1Z7 T: (604) 687-3520 F: 1 (888) 889-4874     73



Picture 3REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Avrupa Minerals Ltd.

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Avrupa Minerals Ltd. (“the Company”), which comprise the consolidated statements of financial position as at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 and the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, changes in shareholders’ (deficiency) / equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three year period ended December 31, 2020, and a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”).

In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as at December 31, 2020 and 2019 and its financial performance and its cash flows for each of the years in the three year period ended December 31, 2020, in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

Critical Audit Matters

Critical audit matters are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. We determined that there are no critical audit matters.

Going Concern

Without modifying our opinion, we draw attention to Note 1 in the financial statements which indicates that there are material uncertainties that cast significant doubt about the going concern assumption. The Company has no current source of revenue, has incurred losses from inception and is dependent upon its ability to secure new sources of financing. These conditions, along with other matters as set forth in Note 1, indicate the existence of a material uncertainty that casts significant doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and\ perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Picture 1

CHARTERED PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTANTS

Vancouver, Canada

April 28, 2021

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2008.


74


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

AS AT DECEMBER 31

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


Note 2020 2019
Assets
Current assets
Cash $             205,238 $                58,343
Prepaid expenses and advances 54,766 31,334
Due from optionees 5 61,249 31,622
VAT receivables 21,922 17,042
Other receivables 28,494 29,096
371,669 167,437
Non-current assets
Property deposits 6 1,561 17,500
Tax deposits 6 41,201 41,201
Exploration and evaluation assets 5 167,920 167,921
Equipment 4 5,296 17,630
Investment in PorMining 5 765 -
216,743 244,252
Total assets $             588,412 $             411,689
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $             162,566 $             524,028
Accounts payable owed by optionees 61,249 31,622
Due to related parties 8 754,296 568,597
Current portion of long-term loan 9 7,900 6,963
986,011 1,131,210
Non-current liabilities
Long-term loan 9 2,738 9,939
2,738 9,939
Shareholders' (deficiency)
Share capital 7 9,994,879 9,733,139
Reserves 7 6,988,675 6,782,381
Deficit (17,383,891) (17,244,980)
(400,337) (729,460)
Total shareholders' (deficiency) and liabilities $             588,412 $             411,689

These consolidated financial statements are authorized for issue by the Board of Directors on April 28, 2021. They are signed on the Company's behalf by:

/s/Paul W. Kuhn /s/Mark T. Brown
Director Director

See notes to the consolidated financial statements 75


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


Note 2020 2019 2018
Mineral exploration expenses
Mineral exploration expenses 5 $           80,343 $         566,427 $     2,276,286
Reimbursements from optionee 5 (434,982) (291,680) (1,189,652)
354,639 (274,747) (1,086,634)
General administrative expenses
Bank charges 974 1,784 4,661
Consulting fees, wages and benefits 192,577 117,278 143,332
Depreciation 13,303 3,496 -
Investor relations 94,314 139,494 132,189
Listing and filing fees 8,035 9,062 8,791
Office and administrative fees 18,468 19,052 28,686
Professional fees 8 129,511 191,238 231,065
Rent 8 10,200 12,286 9,000
Share-based payment 8 - 9,369 141,124
Transfer agent fees 18,648 9,472 9,670
Travel 8,329 35,723 46,928
(494,359) (548,254) (755,446)
Other items
Foreign exchange gain (loss) 802 (195) (485)
Interest income 8 148 1,181
Gain on disposal of equipment - 6,643 -
Other income - - 6,014
Write-down of exploration and evaluation assets 5 (1) (1,239,994) -
Write-down of tax deposits 6 - (41,200) -
Write-down of property deposits 6 - - (49,962)
809 (1,274,598) (43,252)
Net loss for the year (138,911) (2,097,599) (1,885,332)
Exchange difference arising on the translation of foreign subsidiaries (16,786) 20,714 (16,548)
Comprehensive loss for the year $       (155,697) $    (2,076,885) $  (1,901,880)
Basic and diluted loss per share 10 $             (0.00) $             (0.08) $           (0.08)
29,313,952 27,564,148 23,448,850

See notes to the consolidated financial statements 76


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN (DEFICIENCY) / EQUITY

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


Share capital Reserves
Note Number of shares Amount Warrants Finder’s options Equity-settled employee benefits Exchange Subtotal Deficit Total shareholders' (deficiency) / equity
Balance as at December 31, 2017 21,729,696 $8,786,896 $4,674,092 $277,893 $1,147,979 $  19,878 $6,119,842 $ (13,262,049) $  1,644,689
Share issues:
Shares issued for private placements 5,378,750 851,354 430,646 - - - 430,646 - 1,282,000
Share issue costs - (55,844) - - - - - - (55,844)
Share-based payment - - - - 141,124 - 141,124 - 141,124
Comprehensive loss - - - - - (16,548) (16,548) (1,885,332) (1,901,880)
Balance as at December 31, 2018 27,108,446 9,582,406 5,104,738 277,893 1,289,103 3,330 6,675,064 (15,147,381) 1,110,089
Share issues:
Shares issued for private placements 1,410,000 204,766 77,234 - - - 77,234 - 282,000
Share issue costs 8 - (54,033) - - - - - - (54,033)
Share-based payment - - - - 9,369 - 9,369 - 9,369
Comprehensive loss - - - - - 20,714 20,714 (2,097,599) (2,076,885)
Balance as at December 31, 2019 28,518,446 9,733,139 5,181,972 277,893 1,298,472 24,044 6,782,381 (17,244,980) (729,460)
Share issues:
Shares issued for private placement 4,219,641 283,277 223,080 - - - 223,080 - 506,357
Share issue costs 8 - (21,537) - - - - - - (21,537)
Comprehensive loss - - - - - (16,786) (16,786) (138,911) (155,697)
Balance as at December 31, 2020 **** 32,738,087 $9,994,879 $5,405,052 $277,893 $1,298,472 $    7,258 $6,988,675 $ (17,383,891) $   (400,337)

See notes to the consolidated financial statements 77


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


2020 2019 2018
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss for the year $  (138,911) $      (2,097,599) $      (1,885,332)
Items not involving cash:
Depreciation 13,303 3,496 -
(Gain) loss on disposal of equipment - (6,643) -
Mineral exploration expenses - 10,996 23,796
Share-based payment - 9,369 141,124
Write-down of exploration and evaluation assets 1 1,239,994 -
Write-down of tax deposits - 41,200 -
Write-down of property deposits - - 49,962
Changes in non-cash working capital items:
VAT receivables (4,880) 5,266 14,358
Due from optionees (27,355) 11,601 (14,666)
Prepaid expenses and advances (23,432) 34,674 (24,034)
Other receivables 602 6,540 (93,278)
Investment in PorMining (765) - -
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (363,267) (101,528) 486,711
Accounts payable owed by optionees 29,627 (11,601) (45,464)
Due from/to related parties 188,949 392,145 39,129
Funds held for optionees - - (167,910)
Exchange difference arising on the translation of foreign subsidiaries (18,839) 26,841 (23,469)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities (344,967) (435,249) (1,499,073)
Cash flows from investing activities
Net proceeds from sale of equipment - 6,643 -
Property deposits 15,939 116,772 -
Purchase of equipment (7,452) (6,567) (6,810)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 8,487 116,848 (6,810)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of common shares 506,357 282,000 1,282,000
Share issue costs (22,982) (11,544) (20,533)
Net cash provided by financing activities 483,375 270,456 1,261,467
Change in cash for the year 146,895 (47,945) (244,416)
Cash, beginning of the year 58,343 106,288 350,704
Cash, end of the year $    205,238 $             58,343 $           106,288
Supplementary information:
Interest received $                8 $                   148 $               1,181

Supplemental disclosure with respect to cash flows (Note 12)


See notes to the consolidated financial statements 78


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


**1.**NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND CONTINUANCE OF OPERATIONS

Avrupa Minerals Ltd. (the “Company”) was incorporated on January 23, 2008 under the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia and its registered office is Suite 2610 – 1066 West Hastings Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6E 3X1. The Company changed its name on July 7, 2010 and began trading under the symbol “AVU” on the TSX Venture Exchange (the “Exchange”) on July 14, 2010. On September 20, 2012, the Company listed in Europe on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange under the trading symbol “8AM”. The Company is primarily engaged in the acquisition and exploration of mineral properties in Europe.

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis that the Company will continue as a going concern, which assumes that the Company will be able to meet its commitments, continue operations and realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business for the foreseeable future. There are material uncertainties that cast significant doubt about the appropriateness of the going concern assumption.

If the Company is to advance or develop its mineral properties further, it will be necessary to obtain additional financing and while it has been successful in the past, there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so in the future. Failure to raise sufficient funds would result in the Company’s inability to make future required property payments, which would result in the loss of those property options.

These financial statements do not reflect the adjustments to the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the reported expenses and statement of financial position classifications that would be necessary were the going concern assumption inappropriate, and these adjustments could be material.

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared coronavirus COVID-19 a global pandemic. This contagious disease outbreak, which has continued to spread, and any related adverse public health developments, has adversely affected workforces, economies, and financial markets globally, potentially leading to an economic downturn. It is not possible for the Company to predict the duration or magnitude of the adverse results of the outbreak and its effects on the Company’s business or ability to raise funds.

**2.**BASIS OF PREPARATION

a)Statement of compliance

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance and compliance with International Financial Reporting standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) and interpretations of the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (“IFRIC”).

b)Basis of preparation

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis except certain financial instruments which are measured at fair value. In addition, these consolidated financial statements have been prepared using the accrual basis of accounting, except for cash flow information.

These consolidated financial statements, including comparatives, have been prepared on the basis of IFRS standards that are effective as at December 31, 2020.


79


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


**3.**SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

a)Basis of consolidation

These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries as follows:

% of ownership Jurisdiction Nature of operations
MAEPA Empreendimentos Mineiros e Participacoes Lda 100% Portugal Exploration
Innomatik Exploration Kosovo LLC 100% Kosovo Exploration
Avrupa Holdings Inc. ^(1)^ 100% Barbados Holding
Avrupa Portugal Holdings Inc. ^(1)^ 100% Barbados Holding
Avrupa Kosovo Holdings Inc. ^(1)^ 100% Barbados Holding

^(1)^ The companies are in the process of being wound up.

All subsidiaries are entities that are controlled, either directly or indirectly. Control is defined as the exposure, or rights, to variable returns from involvement with an investee and the ability to affect those returns through power over the investee. Power over an investee exists when the Company has existing rights that give it the ability to direct the activities that significantly affect the investee’s returns. This control is generally evidenced through owning more than 50% of the voting rights or currently exercisable potential voting rights of a company’s share capital. All of the intra-group balances and transactions, including unrealized profits and losses arising from intra-group transactions, have been eliminated in full. For subsidiaries that the Company controls, but does not own 100% of, the net assets and net profit attributable to outside shareholders are presented as amounts attributable to non-controlling interests in the consolidated statements of financial position and consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

Inter-company balances and transactions, including unrealized income and expenses arising from inter-company transactions, are eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements.

b)Interests in Joint Arrangements

A joint arrangement can take the form of a joint venture or joint operation. All joint arrangements involve a contractual arrangement that establishes joint control, which exists only when decisions about the activities that significantly affect the returns of the investee require unanimous consent of the parties sharing control. A joint operation is a joint arrangement in which the Company has rights to the assets and obligations for the liabilities relating to the arrangement. A joint venture is a joint arrangement in which the Company has rights to only the net assets of the arrangement.

Joint ventures are accounted for in accordance with the policy “Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures.” Joint operations are accounted for by recognizing the Company’s share of the assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and cash flows of the joint operation in the consolidated financial statements.


80


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


**3.**SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

c)Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures

Investments over which the Company exercises significant influence and which it does not control or jointly control are associates. Investments in associates are accounted for using the equity method, except when classified as held for sale. Investments in joint ventures as determined in accordance with the policy “Interests in Joint Arrangements” are also accounted for using the equity method.

The equity method involves recording the initial investment at cost and subsequently adjusting the carrying value of the investment for the Company’s proportionate share of the profit or loss, other comprehensive income or loss and any other changes in the associate’s or joint venture’s net assets.

The Company’s proportionate share of the associate’s or joint venture’s profit or loss and other comprehensive income or loss is based on its most recent financial statements. Adjustments are made to align any inconsistencies between the Company’s accounting policies and the associate’s or joint venture’s policies before applying the equity method. Adjustments are also made to account for depreciable assets based on their fair values at the acquisition date of the investment and for any impairment losses recognized by the associate or joint venture.

If the Company’s share of the associate’s or joint venture’s losses equals or exceeds the investment in the associate or joint venture, recognition of further losses is discontinued. After the Company’s interest is reduced to zero, additional losses will be provided for and a liability recognized only to the extent that the Company has incurred legal or constructive obligations to provide additional funding or make payments on behalf of the associate or joint venture. If the associate or joint venture subsequently reports profits, the Company resumes recognizing its share of those profits only after its share of the profits equals the share of losses not recognized.

At each statement of financial position date, management considers whether there is objective evidence of impairment in associates and joint ventures. If there is such evidence, management determines if there is a need to record an impairment in relation to the associate or joint venture.

d)Foreign currencies

The Company assesses functional currency on an entity by entity basis based on the related fact pattern; however, the presentation currency used in these consolidated financial statements is determined at management’s discretion.

The currency of the parent company, and the presentation currency applicable to these consolidated financial statements, is the Canadian dollar.

Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency are recorded at the rates of the exchange prevailing on dates of transactions.  At each financial position reporting date, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rates prevailing at each reporting date. Non-monetary items denominated in foreign currencies that are measured at fair value are retranslated to the functional currency at the exchange rate at the date the fair value was determined.  Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated.

The Company has determined that the functional currency of its wholly-owned subsidiaries in Europe is the Euro and that the functional currency of its wholly-owned subsidiaries in Barbados is the US dollar.  Exchange differences arising from the translation of the subsidiaries’ functional currencies into the Company’s presentation currency are taken directly to the exchange reserve.


81


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


**3.**SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

e)Exploration and evaluation assets and expenditures

Exploration and evaluation expenditures include the costs of acquiring licenses, costs associated with exploration and evaluation activity, and the fair value (at acquisition date) of exploration and evaluation assets acquired in a business combination.  Exploration and evaluation expenditures are expensed as incurred except for expenditures associated with the acquisition of exploration and evaluation assets through a business combination or asset acquisition which are recognized as assets.  Costs incurred before the Company has obtained the legal rights to explore an area are recognized in the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss.

Capitalized costs, including general and administrative costs, are only allocated to the extent that these costs can be related directly to operational activities in the relevant area of interest where they are considered likely to be recoverable by future exploitation or sale or where the activities have not reached a stage which permits a reasonable assessment of the existence of reserves.

Exploration and evaluation assets are assessed for impairment if (i) sufficient data exists to determine technical feasibility and commercial viability, and (ii) facts and circumstances suggest that the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount.

Once the technical feasibility and commercial viability of the extraction of mineral resources in an area of interest are demonstrable, exploration and evaluation assets attributable to that area are first tested for impairment and then reclassified to mining property and development assets within property, plant and equipment.

Recoverability of the carrying amount of the exploration and evaluation assets is dependent on successful development and commercial exploitation, or alternatively, sale of the respective areas of interest.

f)Share-based payment transactions

The share option plan allows the Company’s employees and consultants to acquire shares of the Company.  The fair value of options granted is recognized as a share-based payment expense with a corresponding increase in equity.  An individual is classified as an employee when the individual is an employee for legal or tax purposes (direct employee) or provides services similar to those performed by a direct employee.

The fair value is measured at grant date and each tranche is recognized on a graded-vesting basis over the period during which the options vest.  The fair value of the options granted is measured using the Black-Scholes option pricing model taking into account the terms and conditions upon which the options were granted.  At each statement of financial position reporting date, the amount recognized as an expense is adjusted to reflect the actual number of share options that are expected to vest.

g)Loss per share

The Company presents the basic and diluted loss per share data for its common shares, calculated by dividing the loss attributable to common shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.  Diluted loss per share is determined by adjusting the loss attributable to common shareholders and the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the effects of all dilutive potential common shares. In the Company’s case, diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share as the effects of including all outstanding options and warrants would be anti-dilutive.


82


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


**3.**SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

h)Significant accounting judgments and estimates

The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Actual outcomes could differ from these estimates. These consolidated financial statements include estimates which, by their nature, are uncertain. The impacts of such estimates are pervasive throughout these consolidated financial statements, and may require accounting adjustments based on future occurrences.  Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised, if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and further periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.

Significant assumptions about the future and other sources of estimation uncertainty that management has made at the consolidated statement of financial position date, that could result in a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities, in the event that actual results differ from assumptions made, relate to, but are not limited to, the following:

Critical judgments

·The analysis of the functional currency for each entity of the Company. In concluding that the Canadian dollar is the functional currency of the parent, management considered both the funds from financing activities and the currency in which goods and services are paid. The functional currency of its wholly-owned subsidiaries in Europe is the Euro and subsidiaries in Barbados is the US Dollar as management considered the currencies which mainly influence the cost of providing goods and services in those subsidiaries. The Company chooses to report in Canadian dollar as the presentation currency;

·The assessment of indications of impairment of each mineral property and related determination of the net realized value and write-down of those properties where applicable;

·The determination that the Company will continue as a going concern for the next year; and

·The accounting for investments in other companies can vary depending on the degree of control and influence over those other companies. Management is required to assess at each reporting date the Company’s control and influence over these other companies. Management has used its judgment to determine which companies are controlled and require consolidation and those which are significantly influenced and require equity accounting. The Company’s interest in PorMining is less than 50%, therefore it does not have the current ability to control the key operating activities of the company. Pursuant to the Shareholders’ Agreement entered into by the companies, MAEPA, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, was appointed operator during the Phase I period and the board of directors of PorMining is comprised of three directors appointed by EUL and two by MAEPA. The operator prepares and submits annual budgets and programs to the board for approval. Management has determined that the Company does not have significant influence over PorMining. Accordingly, the investment in PorMining is accounted for at cost and not as an investment in associate (Note 5). Significant estimates

·The estimate that 50% of the tax deposits will be recovered within one to five years.


83


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


**3.**SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

i)Provisions

Provisions are recognized in the consolidated statement of financial position when the Company has a legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefit will be required to settle the obligation.  If the effect is material, provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and, where appropriate, the risks specific to the liability.

j)Financial instruments

The following financial assets are classified as measured at amortized cost - cash, due from optionees, certain other receivables and property deposits.

The following financial liabilities are classified as measured at amortized cost – accounts payable and accrued liabilities, accounts payable owed by optionees, due to related parties and long-term loan.

The classification of financial assets is based on how an entity manages its financial instruments and the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset. Transaction costs with respect to financial instruments classified as fair value through profit or loss are recognized as an adjustment to the cost of the underlying instruments.

The Company’s financial assets are classified into one of the following two measurement categories:

Financial assets held within a business model for the purpose of collecting contractual cash flows (“held to collect”) that represent solely payments of principal and interest (“SPPI”) are measured at amortized cost. Financial assets held within a business model where assets are both held for the purpose of collecting contractual cash flows or sold prior to maturity and the contractual cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest are measured at FVPL.

k)Income taxes

Income tax on the profit or loss for the periods presented comprises current and deferred tax.  Income tax is recognized in profit or loss except to the extent that it relates to items recognized directly in equity, in which case it is recognized in equity.

Current tax expense is the expected tax payable on the taxable income for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at period end, adjusted for amendments to tax payable with regards to previous years.

Deferred tax is recorded using the statement of financial position liability method, providing for temporary differences, between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes.  The following temporary differences are not provided for:  goodwill not deductible for tax purposes; the initial recognition of assets or liabilities that affect neither accounting or taxable loss; nor differences relating to investments in subsidiaries to the extent that they will probably not reverse in the foreseeable future.  The amount of deferred tax provided is based on the expected manner of realization or settlement of the carrying amount of assets and liabilities, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted that are expected to apply when temporary differences are expected to settle.


84


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


**3.**SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

A deferred tax asset is recognized only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the asset can be utilised.  To the extent that the Company does not consider it probable that a future tax asset will be recovered, it provides a valuation allowance against that excess.

Additional income taxes that arise from the distribution of dividends are recognized at the same time as the liability to pay the related dividend.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority and the Company intends to settle its current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis.

4. EQUIPMENT

Furniture and other equipment Vehicles Other assets Total
Cost
As at January 1, 2019 $     124,266 $       76,919 $       23,302 $    224,487
Disposal during the year - (32,617) - (32,617)
Exchange adjustment (8,199) (5,074) (1,537) (14,810)
As at December 31, 2019 116,067 39,228 21,765 177,060
Exchange adjustment 8,158 2,757 1,530 12,445
As at December 31, 2020 $     124,225 $       41,985 $       23,295 $    189,505
Accumulated depreciation
As at January 1, 2019 $     114,132 $       54,171 $       22,077 $    190,380
Depreciation for the year 3,337 9,990 1,165 14,492
Depreciation for the year related to disposals - (32,617) - (32,617)
Exchange adjustment (7,591) (3,757) (1,477) (12,825)
As at December 31, 2019 109,878 27,787 21,765 159,430
Depreciation for the year 3,015 10,288 - 13,303
Exchange adjustment 7,784 2,162 1,530 11,476
As at December 31, 2020 $     120,677 $       40,237 $       23,295 $   184,209
Net book value
As at January 1, 2019 $          10,134 $          22,748 $            1,225 $        34,107
As at December 31, 2019 $         6,189 $       11,441 $                 - $     17,630
As at December 31, 2020 $         3,548 $         1,748 $                 - $       5,296

85


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


5. EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS AND MINERAL EXPLORATION EXPENSES

**** Portugal **** Kosovo Germany Others Total
Alvito Alvalade Others Slivovo Others **** ****
Exploration and evaluation assets
Acquisition costs
As of January 1, 2020 $                - $     167,920 $                - $               1 $                - $                - $                - $       167,921
Write-down of property during the year - - - (1) - - - (1)
As of December 31, 2020 $                - $      167,920 $                - $                - $                - $                - $                - $       167,920
Mineral exploration expenses for the year ended December 31, 2020
Concession fees and taxes $                - $                - $                - $         1,841 $                - $                - $                - $          1,841
Geological salaries and consulting - 6,872 - - 8,971 - - 15,843
Office and administrative fees - 4,414 - 74 444 - - 4,932
Rent - 55,899 - - - - - 55,899
Site costs - 1,539 - 53 - - - 1,592
Travel - 236 - - - - - 236
Reimbursements from optionee - (434,982) - - - - - (434,982)
$                - $   (366,022) $                - $         1,968 $         9,415 $                - $                - $    (354,639)
Cumulative mineral exploration expenses since acquisition
Assaying $                - $                - $                - $     297,975 $       65,936 $       10,846 $                - $      374,757
Concession fees and taxes 147,900 361,864 545,708 11,839 206,975 4 - 1,274,290
Depreciation 7,191 17,178 91,531 - - - - 115,900
Drilling 472,513 610,197 - 1,180,217 - - - 2,262,927
Geological salaries and consulting 1,624,824 6,515,612 4,692,323 119,801 720,879 12,359 - 13,685,798
Geology work - - 32,377 891,582 402,515 223,619 140,906 1,690,999
Insurance 5,683 24,173 46,429 14,604 15,007 - - 105,896
Legal and accounting 177 1,020 1,067 58,158 13,958 - - 74,380
Office and administrative fees 43,699 253,950 236,040 80,223 101,624 5,255 63,191 783,982
Rent 188,804 606,084 408,092 28,694 88,221 - 20,560 1,340,455
Report - - - 24,232 - - - 24,232
Site costs 71,452 194,203 172,925 185,127 194,582 - 8,865 827,154
Travel 75,625 237,367 171,652 60,107 22,478 - 15,326 582,555
Trenching and road work - - - 34,339 - - - 34,339
Reimbursements from optionee (2,149,344) (8,128,822) (2,741,482) (2,834,986) (45,158) - - (15,899,792)
$     488,524 $     692,826 $  3,656,662 $     151,912 $  1,787,017 $     252,083 $     248,848 $   7,277,872

86


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


**5.**EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS AND MINERAL EXPLORATION EXPENSES (Continued)

**** Portugal **** Kosovo Germany Others Total
Alvito Alvalade Others Slivovo Others **** ****
Exploration and evaluation assets
Acquisition costs
As of January 1, 2019 $                - $     167,920 $  1,096,840 $     143,155 $                - $                - $                - $   1,407,915
Write-down of property during the year - - (1,096,840) (143,154) - - - (1,239,994)
As of December 31, 2019 $                - $     167,920 $                - $                1 $                - $                - $                - $      167,921
Mineral exploration expenses for the year ended December 31, 2019
Concession fees and taxes $       15,422 $       50,003 $              10 $                - $         3,564 $                - $                - $        68,999
Depreciation 1,676 7,120 2,200 - - - - 10,996
Drilling - 124,262 - - - - - 124,262
Geological salaries and consulting 59,406 121,313 7,930 - 33,885 - - 222,534
Insurance 122 3,755 3,185 - 217 - - 7,279
Legal and accounting 19 498 - - 243 - - 760
Office and administrative fees 6,379 14,071 2,426 - 812 - - 23,688
Rent 9,202 57,794 12,308 - 6,857 - - 86,161
Site costs 1,157 13,950 730 - 285 - - 16,122
Travel 109 5,430 23 - 64 - - 5,626
Reimbursements from optionee - (291,680) - - - - - (291,680)
$       93,492 $     106,516 $       28,812 $                - $       45,927 $                - $                - $      274,747
Cumulative mineral exploration expenses since acquisition
Assaying $                - $                - $                - $     297,975 $       65,936 $       10,846 $                - $      374,757
Concession fees and taxes 147,900 361,864 545,708 9,998 206,975 4 - 1,272,449
Depreciation 7,191 17,178 91,531 - - - - 115,900
Drilling 472,513 610,197 - 1,180,217 - - - 2,262,927
Geological salaries and consulting 1,624,824 6,508,740 4,692,323 119,801 711,908 12,359 - 13,669,955
Geology work - - 32,377 891,582 402,515 223,619 140,906 1,690,999
Insurance 5,683 24,173 46,429 14,604 15,007 - - 105,896
Legal and accounting 177 1,020 1,067 58,158 13,958 - - 74,380
Office and administrative fees 43,699 249,536 236,040 80,149 101,180 5,255 63,191 779,050
Rent 188,804 550,185 408,092 28,694 88,221 - 20,560 1,284,556
Report - - - 24,232 - - - 24,232
Site costs 71,452 192,664 172,925 185,074 194,582 - 8,865 825,562
Travel 75,625 237,131 171,652 60,107 22,478 - 15,326 582,319
Trenching and road work - - - 34,339 - - - 34,339
Reimbursements from optionee (2,149,344) (7,693,840) (2,741,482) (2,834,986) (45,158) - - (15,464,810)
$    488,524 $  1,058,848 $  3,656,662 $     149,944 $  1,777,602 $     252,083 $     248,848 $   7,632,511

87


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


**5.**EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS AND MINERAL EXPLORATION EXPENSES (Continued)

Portugal

Licenses have varying required work commitments and carry a 3% Net Smelter Return (“NSR”) payable to the government of Portugal.

Alvalade:

On November 19, 2019, the Company and MAEPA (collectively the “Company”) and Minas de Aguas Teñidas, S.A. (“MATSA”) and its wholly-owned subsidiary EUL (collectively “MATSA”) entered into an Earn-In Joint Venture Agreement (the “Agreement”) in respect of the Alvalade project. Pursuant to the Agreement, PorMining, Unipessoal Lda. (“PorMining”) was incorporated on December 17, 2019 to hold assets and develop mineral rights (both as defined) and EUL can earn up to an 85% interest in PorMining. The earning of this interest, subsequent arrangements that may be entered into to explore the assets and, if warranted, the development of one or more projects are referred to as the “Transaction”.

On March 27, 2020, MAEPA and EUL entered into a Quota Transfer Agreement pursuant to which MAEPA split its 100% interest in the share capital of PorMining into two quotas, representing 51% and 49% of the company’s share capital, and sold the 51% quota to EUL for the nominal value of €510.

On March 27, 2020, the Company, MAEPA, MATSA and EUL entered into the PorMining Lda. Shareholders’ Agreement (the “Agreement”). Pursuant to the Agreement:

·PorMining has five directors. From the effective date until the second option exercise date, three will be nominated by EUL and two by MAEPA. Thereafter, four will be nominated by EUL and one will be nominated by MAEPA. Upon the occurrence of the 51/49 Phase and thereafter, EUL is entitled to nominate three directors and MAEPA two directors. In the event of dilution of the interest of EUL or MAEPA, each will be entitled to proportional representation (as described) equal to its then interest;

·In the event that EUL and/or MAEPA wish to sell or transfer their shares in PorMining, PorMining has a right of first refusal to purchase all or a portion of the shares. To the extent that PorMining does not exercise its right of first refusal to all of the shares, each of EUL and/or MAEPA has a right of first refusal; and

·The Agreement will terminate at such time as there is a final decision regarding the dissolution and liquidation of PorMining, the parties mutually agree on the termination of the Agreement or as provided for under the Earn-In Joint Venture Agreement.

The effective date of the Transaction is the date that PorMining receives (received on June 15, 2020) the mineral rights in its name from the General Directorate of Energy and Geology of Portugal (“DGEG”). The Transaction is comprised of the following phases:

·Phase I – First Option;

·Phase II – Second Option;

·51/49 Phase; and

·Phase III – Development and Operation


88


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


**5.**EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS AND MINERAL EXPLORATION EXPENSES (Continued)

Alvalade: (Continued)

Phase I – First Option

Phase I commences on the effective date and continues until the first to occur of the first option exercise date and the termination of the first option. During Phase I, MAEPA will grant EUL the sole and exclusive right to hold an undivided 51% interest in PorMining (the first option) for at least three years from the effective date or the issue (issued on June 15, 2020) of the Experimental Exploitation License (the “EEL”) by DGEG to PorMining. EUL’s right to maintain its 51% interest is conditional upon MATSA:

·Paying €400,000 to the Company on or before the effective date (€200,000 was received in December 2019 and the remaining €200,000 was received in June 2020);

·Funding or providing the necessary financial instrument to cover the guarantee, which will be returned to MATSA following the release of the guarantee by DGEG (funded €100,000 in June 2020); and

·Funding expenditures (the first option expenditures) on the mineral rights in an aggregate amount of €2,400,000 (€1,200,000 within the first 12 months following the effective date and €1,200,000 in the next 24 months) on or before three years from the effective date or the issue of the EEL.

Funding of the first option expenditures is solely at MATSA’s discretion and MATSA may elect to terminate the first option at any time by delivering notice (the first option termination notice) to the Company. MATSA may elect to accelerate the funding of the first option expenditures in order to exercise the first option at an earlier date. If there is a shortfall in the first option expenditures, MATSA may elect to pay such amount on or before the end of the three-year period and the first option expenditures will be deemed to have been satisfied.

Upon MATSA completing all of the requirements of the first option, EUL will have unconditionally earned the 51% interest in PorMining. If the first option is terminated, MAEPA will acquire the 51% interest from EUL for a nominal value, the shares will be cancelled and MAEPA will hold a 100% interest in PorMining.

During Phase I, MAEPA will act as the operator of the mineral rights. PorMining will pay MAEPA an operator’s fee equal to €100,000 per year, paid monthly starting June 16, 2020, funded by MATSA and which shall form part of the first option expenditures. During the year 2020, €54,166 ($82,864) was received and has been included in reimbursements from optionee. In all other phases, PorMining will be the operator unless it appoints another person to act as operator. The operator is responsible for developing and submitting work programs to the technical committee or the board of directors for consideration and approval and to implement work programs when approved according to the approved budget. The technical committee is comprised of two representatives from each of EUL and MAEPA and will be in effect until the first option exercise date. Thereafter, the board of directors will make all decisions with respect to the mineral rights.

During Phase I, EUL will fund 100% of all maintenance payments (as defined) and approved work programs.

As of December 31, 2020, MATSA has funded a total of €464,450 on the Alvalade project, including the €100,000 guarantee with DGEG. Subsequently, MATSA funded another €502,000.


89


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


**5.**EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS AND MINERAL EXPLORATION EXPENSES (Continued)

Alvalade: (Continued)

Phase II – Second Option

Phase II commences on the first option exercise date and continues until the first to occur of the second option exercise date and the termination of the second option. On the first option exercise date, the Company will grant EUL the sole and exclusive right and option to acquire an additional 34% (for an aggregate 85% interest) in PorMining (the second option). EUL’s right to exercise the second option is conditional on MATSA satisfying the second option conditions as follows:

·Preparing, funding and delivering to PorMining a feasibility study on the mineral rights within five years of the issuance of the EEL or, provided that DGEG grants an extension to all or part of the EEL, the time period for when the second option conditions must be met shall be extended to a maximum of two additional years, for a total of seven years after the issuance of the original EEL;

·Making proper application for a mining license before the end of the term of the EEL; and

·Making all progress payments to Antofagasta as set out in the Debt Cancellation Agreement dated June 12, 2017 as follows:

oUS$250,000 within 60 days after the date of a news release announcing a NI 43-101 compliant technical report having been completed and with results as defined;

oUS$500,000 within 60 days after the date of a news release announcing completion of a feasibility study with results as defined;

oUS$500,000 on the one-year anniversary of the date of the news release announcing the feasibility study noted above;

oUS$750,000 within 60 days of the commencement of commercial production;

oUS$750,000 on the one-year anniversary of commencement of commercial production;

oUS$750,000 on the second anniversary of commencement of commercial production; and

oUS$750,000 on the third anniversary of commencement of commercial production.

The satisfaction of the second option conditions is solely at MATSA’s discretion and MATSA may elect to terminate the second option at any time by delivering notice (the second option termination notice) to the Company. If the second option is terminated, EUL will be entitled to retain its 51% interest in PorMining, plus an additional 1% interest for every €735,294 of expenditures funded during Phase II and the 51/49 Phase will commence.

Upon MATSA satisfying the second option conditions, EUL automatically earns an additional 34% interest in PorMining for an aggregate interest of 85%.

During Phase II, EUL will fund 100% of all maintenance payments and approved work programs.

51/49 Phase

The 51/49 Phase commences on termination of the second option and continues until the deemed conversion of the interest of a party to a royalty. During the 51/49 Phase, PorMining will remain the operator subject to the terms of the Agreement and the shareholders’ agreement and the activities of the parties with respect to the mineral rights will continue to be governed by the shareholder’s agreement.


90


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


**5.**EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS AND MINERAL EXPLORATION EXPENSES (Continued)

Alvalade: (Continued)

If at any time after the 51/49 Phase has commenced EUL’s interest is reduced to below 10% as a result of dilution calculations, its interest will be deemed to be converted to a 1.5% royalty, which royalty shall only be payable up to a maximum total payment of €13,000,000 after which it will no longer be applicable. Upon conversion to the royalty, EUL will have no further rights or interest in respect of the assets under the Agreement or the shareholders’ agreement except for the royalty and the termination provisions apply.

If at any time during the 51/49 Phase MAEPA’s interest is reduced to 15% as a result of dilution calculations, then its interest will be deemed to be converted to a 15% “carried interest” following which MAEPA will not be required to contribute to any further work programs and will not be subject to any further dilution until such time as a feasibility study has been prepared, at which point Phase III will have been deemed to have commenced and MAEPA will have to sell the option.

During the 51/49 Phase, the parties will fund the maintenance payments and contribute to the costs of any approved work and/or development programs in proportion to their proportionate share.

Phase III – Development and Operation

Phase III commences on the second option exercise date and continues until the deemed conversion of the interest of a party to a royalty. Within 90 days of the commencement of Phase III, the Company will transfer its 15% interest in PorMining to MATSA in consideration for €10,000,000 to be paid as follows:

·€3,000,000 upon a construction decision being made by PorMining and all permits having been received from DGEG;

·€3,000,000 upon commencement of commercial production; and

·€4,000,000 upon the first anniversary of commencement of commercial production.

During Phase III, the parties will contribute their respective pro rata share of all approved work programs and budgets.

If at any time after Phase III has commenced MAEPA’s interest is reduced to below 10% as a result of dilution calculations, its interest will be deemed to be converted to a 1.5% royalty as described above for EUL.

Alvito:

Callinan Royalties Corporation (“Callinan”) (now Altius Minerals Corporation) has a 1.5% NSR royalty on the Alvito property.

On April 5, 2017, the Company signed an earn-in option agreement with Australia-based OZ Exploration Pty. Ltd. (“OZE”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of OZ Minerals Limited (“OZM”), to explore on the Alvito iron oxide, copper-gold (“IOCG”) project located in southern Portugal. On October 5, 2018, OZE terminated the agreement and returned 100% ownership to the Company. Since inception of the agreement and to the termination, OZE had forwarded a total of $1,734,369 (€1,136,000) for the Alvito property.

During fiscal 2020, the Company dropped the Alvito property.


91


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


**5.**EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS AND MINERAL EXPLORATION EXPENSES (Continued)

Others including Marateca, Mertola and Covas:

On December 7, 2017, the Company signed an exclusivity agreement with a subsidiary of an international mining company, allowing it a right to negotiate the acquisition of an interest in the Marateca property and the Mertola property for non-refundable payments of €25,000 each. During fiscal 2019, the Company dropped Marateca property and write off $1,096,840.

During fiscal 2019, the Company had applied to DGEG to drop Mertola licenses and as of December 31, 2020, DGEG had not processed such requests.

During fiscal 2018, the Company let the Covas license lapse after Blackheath Resources Inc. (“Blackheath”) terminated the earn-in agreement in March 2018.  As part of the termination, the Company incurred an additional amount of $33,844 (€21,684) as of December 31, 2020 which subsequently was reimbursed by Blackheath.

December 31,<br> 2020 December 31, <br>2019
Due from optionees
Covas - Blackheath $            33,844 $            31,622
Alvalade - PorMining 27,405 -
$            61,249 $            31,622

Kosovo

The Company, through its 100% holding in Innomatik, held one exploration license in Kosovo:

·Metovit (subsequently dropped)

Slivovo license: Byrnecut International Limited (“Byrnecut”) earned an 85% interest in the Slivovo property after forwarding $2,834,986 (€2,000,000) for the Slivovo property to the Company and completing a Preliminary Feasibility Study (“PFS”) by April 10, 2017. Byrnecut and the Company set up a joint venture entity known as Peshter Mining J.S.C. (“Peshter Mining”) to reflect the 85:15 ownership and transferred the Slivovo license into Peshter Mining with Byrnecut being the operator. Avrupa’s interest in Peshter Mining was subsequently diluted to below 10%, resulting in the Company’s interest in Peshter Mining being converted into a 2% Net Smelter Return.


92


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


**5.**EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS AND MINERAL EXPLORATION EXPENSES (Continued)

Slivovo license: (Continued) On December 31, 2019, the Company wrote down its interest in Slivovo by $143,154 to $1 as the Company was in negotiations with the Kosovo Mining Bureau, along with Byrnecut and Peshter Mining as to how to possibly extend the life of this license.  During fiscal 2020, Byrnecut decided not to proceed with advancing Slivovo.  Rather than dropping the license and potentially allowing a third party to stake the open land, Innomatik Exploration Kosovo LLC (“IEK”), Byrnecut and Peshter Mining entered into a binding term sheet (the “TS”) whereby the parties set out the terms on which Peshter Mining would surrender the existing tenements, thereby enabling IEK to apply, as sole beneficial owner, for one or more tenements over the entirety of the tenement area. The license was officially released back to the government and IEK reapplied for the vacated license. The application was reviewed by the board of directors of the Mining Bureau, but no decision was made by the time of their final meeting of their term in office, leaving the decision to a new incoming board of directors.  While a new board has not been appointed, the Company remains in discussion with the Mining Bureau concerning the issuance of a new exploration license for the Slivovo property. As of December 31, 2020, the Company wrote off $1. As consideration for Byrnecut ensuring that Peshter Mining complies with its obligations under the TS, IEK must pay to Byrnecut milestone cash payments totaling €375,000 and milestone gold payments totaling 850 troy ounces of gold as follows:

Cash

·€125,000 within 30 days of the first to occur of the completion of a positive bankable feasibility study or the board of directors of IEK making a decision to proceed with the development of a commercial mining operation in respect of all or any part of the tenement area;

·€125,000 within 30 days of issue of a mining license in respect of all or any party of the tenement area; and

·€125,000 within 30 days of commencement of construction of a mine within the tenement area.

Gold

·100 troy ounces within 30 days of commencement of commercial production (“CCP”);

·175 troy ounces within 30 days of the one-year anniversary of CCP;

·250 troy ounces within 30 days of the two-year anniversary of CCP; and

·325 troy ounces within 30 days of the three-year anniversary of CCP.

Germany

The Company had earned an 85% interest in the Oelsnitz property under its agreement with Beak Consultants GmbH (“Beak”) by spending €140,000.  There was no royalty attached to the property. During fiscal 2020, the Company dropped the property.


93


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


6. PROPERTY DEPOSITS / TAX DEPOSITS Property deposits:

As of December 31, 2020, the Company had a total of $1,561 (€1,000) (December 31, 2019: $17,500 (€12,000)) of cash pledged for its exploration licenses in Portugal.  The advances to the Portuguese regulatory authorities are refundable to the Company, subject to completion of the work obligations described in the exploration license applications. Tax deposits:

In November 2018, MAEPA paid €56,505 ($88,201) in lieu of bank guarantees of €77,918 ($121,625) to the Directora de Finanças de Braga in Portugal. This amount was comprised of €51,920 ($81,044) in respect of stamp tax and €4,585 ($7,157) in respect of VAT. The stamp tax portion relates to the interpretation that intercompany advances received by MAEPA are financing loans and, accordingly, are subject to stamp tax. The VAT portion relates to certain invoices for vehicle usage and construction services. As of December 31, 2019, the Company estimated that the judicial review process would take approximately one year for the VAT claim and three to five years for the stamp tax claim and that the likelihood of success for each was 50%. As a result, tax deposits were written down by $41,200 (€28,252) during the year ended December 31, 2019. During 2020, the judicial review ruled that approximately €1,971 VAT remained to be paid while the rest were annulled.  The Company accepted this ruling.  The Company is still waiting for a trial date regarding the stamp tax and it is estimated that the process can take another three to four years.

7. CAPITAL AND RESERVES

(a)Authorized:

At December 31, 2020, the authorized share capital was comprised of an unlimited number of common shares.  The common shares do not have a par value.  All issued shares are fully paid.

(b)Share consolidation On December 21, 2020,the Company consolidated its share capital on the basis of one new share for every 4 old shares. All references to the number of shares and per share amounts have been retroactively restated to reflect the consolidation. (c)Share issuances:

i.On March 26, 2018, the Company completed a non-brokered private placement by issuing 1,718,750 units (“Unit”) at a price of $0.32 per Unit for gross proceeds of $550,000. Each Unit consists of one common share and one non-transferable warrant. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a 2-year period at a price of $0.48.  The warrants were ascribed a value of $172,137.

In connection with the financing, a total of $19,019 share issue costs were incurred.


94


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


7. CAPITAL AND RESERVES (Continued)

(c)Share issuances: (Continued)

ii.On November 9, 2018, the Company closed the first tranche of a non-brokered private placement by issuing 2,500,000 units (“Unit”) at a price of $0.20 per Unit for gross proceeds of $500,000, and on December 17, 2018 closed the second tranche of $232,000 by issuing 1,160,000 units at a price of $0.20 per Unit. Each Unit consists of one common share and one non-transferable warrant. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share at a price of $0.40 until November 9, 2021 for the first tranche and until December 17, 2021 for the second tranche.  The warrants were ascribed a value of $179,897 and $78,612 respectively. If however the closing price of the Company’s shares are $0.80 or greater for a period of 20 consecutive trading days, the warrants will expire on the earlier of the 30th day after such notice is given and the original expiry date.

In connection with the financing, a total of $36,825 share issue costs were incurred.

iii.On February 25, 2019, the Company completed the third tranche of a non-brokered private placement by issuing 500,000 units (“Unit”) at a price of $0.20 per Unit for gross proceeds of $100,000. Each Unit consists of one common share and one non-transferable warrant. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a 3-year period at a price of $0.40. The warrants were ascribed a value of $35,234. If however the closing price of the Company’s shares are $0.80 or greater for a period of 20 consecutive trading days, the warrants will expire on the earlier of the 30th day after such notice is given and the original expiry date.

In connection with the financing, a total of $29,673 share issue costs were incurred.

iv.On December 18, 2019, the Company completed a non-brokered private placement by issuing 910,000 units (“Unit”) at a price of $0.20 per Unit for gross proceeds of $182,000. Each Unit consists of one common share and one half of one non-transferable warrant. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share at a price of $0.20 until December 18, 2021. The warrants were ascribed a value of $42,000.

In connection with the financing, a total of $24,360 share issue costs were incurred.

v.On October 23, 2020, the Company completed a non-brokered private placement by issuing 4,219,641 units (“Unit”) at a price of $0.12 per Unit for gross proceeds of $506,357. Each Unit consists of one common share and one non-transferable warrant. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share at a price of $0.20 until October 23, 2023. The warrants were ascribed a value of $223,080.

In connection with the financing, a total of $21,537 share issue costs were incurred.

(d)Share Purchase Option Compensation Plan:

The Company has established a stock option plan whereby the Company may grant options to directors, officers, employees and consultants of up to 10% of the common shares outstanding at the time of grant. The exercise price, term and vesting period of each option are determined by the board of directors within regulatory guidelines.

On December 21, 2020, the Company’s stock options were consolidated on a 4 for 1 basis and the exercised prices were reflected as such (Note 7(b)).


95


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


7. CAPITAL AND RESERVES (Continued)

(d)Share Purchase Option Compensation Plan: (Continued)

Stock option transactions and the number of stock options for the year ended December 31, 2020 are summarized as follows:

Exercise December 31, Expired/ December 31,
Expiry date price 2019 Granted Exercised cancelled 2020
July 15, 2020 $0.40 503,750 - - (503,750) -
September 26, 2021 $0.72 393,750 - - - 393,750
April 26, 2022 $0.40 327,500 - - - 327,500
March 14, 2023 $0.40 450,000 - - - 450,000
March 26, 2023 $0.40 10,000 - - - 10,000
January 7, 2024 $0.20 45,750 - - - 45,750
Options outstanding 1,730,750 - - (503,750) 1,227,000
Options exercisable 1,730,750 - - (503,750) 1,227,000
Weighted average exercise price $0.47 $Nil $Nil $0.40 $0.50

As of December 31, 2020, the weighted average contractual remaining life is 1.53 years (December 31, 2019 – 1.95 years).

Stock option transactions and the number of stock options for the year ended December 31, 2019 are summarized as follows:

Exercise December 31, Expired/ December 31,
Expiry date price 2018 Granted Exercised cancelled 2019
March 3, 2019 $0.66 50,000 - - (50,000) -
July 15, 2020 $0.40 503,750 - - - 503,750
September 26, 2021 $0.72 393,750 - - - 393,750
April 26, 2022 $0.40 327,500 - - - 327,500
March 14, 2023 $0.40 450,000 - - - 450,000
March 26, 2023 $0.40 10,000 - - - 10,000
January 7, 2024 $0.20 - 45,750 - - 45,750
Options outstanding 1,735,000 45,750 - (50,000) 1,730,750
Options exercisable 1,735,000 45,750 - (50,000) 1,730,750
Weighted average exercise price $0.48 $0.20 $Nil $0.66 $0.47

Stock options transactions and the number of stock options for the year ended December 31, 2018 are summarized as follows:

Exercise December 31, Expired/ December 31,
Expiry date price 2017 Granted Exercised cancelled 2018
October 16, 2018 $0.40 286,250 - - (286,250) -
March 3, 2019 $0.66 50,000 - - - 50,000
July 15, 2020 $0.40 503,750 - - - 503,750
September 26, 2021 $0.72 393,750 - - - 393,750
April 26, 2022 $0.40 327,500 - - - 327,500
March 14, 2023 $0.40 - 450,000 - - 450,000
March 26, 2023 $0.40 - 10,000 - - 10,000
Options outstanding 1,561,250 460,000 - (286,250) 1,735,000
Options exercisable 1,561,250 460,000 - (286,250) 1,735,000
Weighted average exercise price $0.49 $0.40 $Nil $0.40 $0.48

96


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


7. CAPITAL AND RESERVES (Continued)

(d)Share Purchase Option Compensation Plan: (Continued)

The weighted average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of options for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 were:

2020 2019 2018
Risk-free interest rate n/a 1.33% 1.25%
Expected life n/a 5 years 5 years
Expected volatility n/a 123.92% 130.43%
Expected dividend yield n/a Nil Nil

Option pricing models require the input of highly subjective assumptions including the expected price volatility.  Changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, and therefore the existing models do not necessarily provide a reliable measure of the fair value of the Company’s share purchase options.

(e)Finder’s Options:

On December 21, 2020, the Company’s finder’s options were consolidated on a 4 for 1 basis and the exercised prices were reflected as such (Note 7(b)).

The continuity of finder’s options for the year ended December 31, 2019 is as follows:

Exercise December 31, December 31,
Expiry date price 2018 Issued Exercised Expired 2019
July 4, 2019 $0.40 102,813 - - (102,813) -
Outstanding 102,813 - - (102,813) -
Weighted average exercise price $0.40 $Nil $Nil $0.40 $Nil

The continuity of finder’s options for the year ended December 31, 2018 is as follows:

Exercise December 31, December 31,
Expiry date price 2017 Issued Exercised Expired 2018
July 14, 2018 $0.40 24,750 - - (24,750) -
July 4, 2019 $0.40 102,813 - - - 102,813
Outstanding 127,563 - - (24,750) 102,813
Weighted average exercise price $0.40 $Nil $Nil $0.40 $0.40

97


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


7. CAPITAL AND RESERVES (Continued)

(f)Warrants:

On December 21, 2020, the Company’s warrants were consolidated on a 4 for 1 basis and the exercised prices were reflected as such (Note 7(b)).

The continuity of warrants for the year ended December 31, 2020 is as follows:

Exercise December 31, December 31,
Expiry date price 2019 Issued Exercised Expired 2020
March 26, 2020 $0.48 1,718,750 - - (1,718,750) -
July 12, 2020 $0.60 2,542,500 - - (2,542,500) -
November 9, 2021 ^(1)^ $0.40 2,500,000 - - - 2,500,000
December 17, 2021^(1)^ $0.40 1,160,000 - - - 1,160,000
December 18, 2021 $0.20 455,000 - - - 455,000
February 25, 2022 ^(1)^ $0.40 500,000 - - - 500,000
October 23, 2023 $0.20 - 4,219,641 - - 4,219,641
Outstanding 8,876,250 4,219,641 - (4,261,250) 8,834,641
Weighted average exercise price $0.46 $0.20 $Nil $0.55 $0.29

^(1)^These warrants have a forced exercise price. If the closing price of the Company’s shares is $0.80 or greater for a period of 20 consecutive trading days, the warrants will expire on the earlier of the 30^th^ day after such notice is given and the original expiry date.

As of December 31, 2020, the weighted average contractual life is 1.82 years (December 31, 2019 – 1.20 years).

The continuity of warrants for the year ended December 31, 2019 is as follows:

Exercise December 31, December 31,
Expiry date price 2018 Issued Exercised Expired 2019
July 4, 2019 $0.60 3,386,750 - - (3,386,750) -
March 26, 2020 $0.48 1,718,750 - - - 1,718,750
July 12, 2020 $0.60 2,542,500 - - - 2,542,500
November 9, 2021 ^(1)^ $0.40 2,500,000 - - - 2,500,000
December 17, 2021^(1)^ $0.40 1,160,000 - - - 1,160,000
December 18, 2021 $0.20 - 455,000 - - 455,000
February 25, 2022 ^(1)^ $0.40 - 500,000 - - 500,000
Outstanding 11,308,000 955,000 - (3,386,750) 8,876,250
Weighted average exercise price $0.52 $0.30 $Nil $0.60 $0.46

The continuity of warrants for the year ended December 31, 2018 is as follows:

Exercise December 31, December 31,
Expiry date price 2017 Issued Exercised Expired 2018
July 14, 2018 $0.60 2,730,000 - - (2,730,000) -
July 4, 2019 $0.60 3,386,750 - - - 3,386,750
July 12, 2020 $0.60 2,542,500 - - - 2,542,500
March 26, 2020 $0.48 - 1,718,750 - - 1,718,750
November 9, 2021 ^(1)^ $0.40 - 2,500,000 - - 2,500,000
December 17, 2021^(1)^ $0.40 - 1,160,000 - - 1,160,000
Outstanding 8,659,250 5,378,750 - (2,730,000) 11,308,000
Weighted average exercise price $0.60 $0.43 $Nil $0.60 $0.52

98


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


7. CAPITAL AND RESERVES (Continued)

(f)Warrants: (Continued)

The weighted average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of warrants for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 were:

2020 2019 2018
Risk-free interest rate 1.46% 1.55% 1.14%
Expected life 3 years 2.52 years 2.68 years
Expected volatility 149.71% 118.63% 108.87%
Expected dividend yield Nil Nil Nil

8. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS AND BALANCES

The aggregate value of transactions and outstanding balances relating to key management personnel and entities over which they have control or significant influence were as follows:

For the year ended December 31, 2020

Short-term employee benefits Post-employment benefits Other long-term benefits Termination benefits Other expenses Share-based payments Total
Paul W. Kuhn ^(e)^   <br>Chief Executive Officer, Director $ 150,000 $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ 150,000

For the year ended December 31, 2019

Short-term employee benefits Post-employment benefits Other long-term benefits Termination benefits Other expenses Share-based payments Total
Paul W. Kuhn ^(e)^   <br>Chief Executive Officer, Director $ 163,766 $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ 53,482 $ Nil $ 217,248
PaulL.Nelles(c)<br>Director $ 8,070 $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ 8,070
FrankHogel<br>Director $ Nil $ ,Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ 5,530 $ 5,530

For the year ended December 31, 2018

Short-term employee benefits Post-employment benefits Other long-term benefits Termination benefits Other expenses Share-based payments Total
Paul W. Kuhn ^(e)^   <br>Chief Executive Officer, Director $ 253,968 $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ 61,430 $ 11,505 $ 326,903
WinnieWong<br>ChiefFinancialOfficer $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ 9,588 $ 9,588
PaulL.Nelles(c)<br>Director $ 19,950 $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ 7,670 $ 27,620
FrankHogel<br>Director $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ 7,670 $ 7,670
MarkT.Brown<br>Director $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ 9,588 $ 9,588
PaulDircksen<br>Director $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ 7,670 $ 7,670
RossStringer<br>Director $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ 7,670 $ 7,670
AdrianoBarros(f) $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ Nil $ 5,369 $ 5,369

99


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


8. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS AND BALANCES (Continued)

Related party liabilities

Years ended
Services / Advances December 31,   2020 December 31,   2019 December 31,   2018 As at As at
December 31, <br>2020 December 31, 2019
Amounts due to:
Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd. ^(a)^ Rent, management, accounting, marketing and financing services $        132,435 $       198,158 $       228,455 $    456,055 ^(b)^ $      319,029
Paul W. Kuhn ^(e)^ Consulting, salaries, housing allowance and share-based payment $        150,000 $       217,248 $       326,903 $       282,633 $      203,519
Mark T. Brown^(d)^ Short-term loan and expense reimbursement $                Nil $         16,000 $               Nil $               Nil $        16,518
Paul L. Nelles ^(c)^ Salaries and share-based payment $                Nil $           8,070 $        27,620 $        15,608 $        14,583
Mineralia ^(f)^ Consulting $                Nil $                Nil $       157,536 $               Nil $        14,948
Adriano Barros ^(f)^ Share-based payment $                Nil $               Nil $          5,369 $               Nil $              Nil
TOTAL: $        282,435 $       439,476 $       745,883 $       754,296 $      568,597

(a)Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd., a company controlled by a director of the Company.

(b)Includes a $56,008 advance, that is non-interest bearing without specific terms of repayment.

(c)Paul L. Nelles is a director of Innomatik.

(d)Mark T. Brown is a director of the Company. The amount included a $16,000 advance (paid), a non-interest bearing loan without specific terms of repayment.

(e)On June 1, 2019, the Company entered into a Contract for Services (the “Contract”) with a contractor to serve as the Company’s president and chief executive officer. The contractor is responsible for providing technical oversight and guidance, establishing corporate goals and objectives and setting and implementing corporate strategies. Pursuant to the Contract:

·The contractor will receive a fee of $12,500 per month and a rent allowance of €4,000 for the first four months;

·If the Company is substantially sold or has a change of control (as defined), the contractor will receive a payment equal to two years of fees; and

·The contract remains effective until terminated in writing by either the Company or the contractor. The Company may terminate the contract at any time without notice or payment in lieu thereof for cause or at any time without cause by providing six months’ written notice or by paying the contractor in lieu of notice. The contractor may terminate the contract at any time by providing the Company with three months’ written notice.

(f)Mineralia, a private company partially owned by Adriano Barros, the general manager of MAEPA.


100


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


**9.**LONG-TERM LOAN

In March 2017, the Company entered into a long-term loan to purchase a used vehicle.  The long-term loan is repayable in monthly payments totalling $11,159 (€7,150) as of December 31, 2020, including interest calculated at 5.635%, and maturing on April 5, 2022.

December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Long-term loan $       10,638 €         6,816 $       16,902 €       11,590
Less: current portion of long-term loan 7,900 5,062 6,963 4,774
$         2,738 €         1,754 $         9,939 €         6,816
Payment schedule of long-term loan
Year 1 $         8,370 €         5,363 $         7,821 €         5,363
Year 2 2,789 1,787 7,821 5,363
Year 3 - - 2,607 1,788
11,159 7,150 18,249 12,514
Less: imputed interest 446 286 1,224 839
Other fees 75 48 123 84
$       10,638 €         6,816 $      16,902 €       11,591

10. LOSS PER SHARE

Basic and diluted loss per share

The calculation of basic and diluted loss per share for the year ended December 31, 2020 was based on the loss attributable to common shareholders of $138,911 (2019 – $2,097,599; 2018 – $1,885,332) and a weighted average number of common shares outstanding of 29,313,952 (2019 – 27,564,148; 2018 – 23,448,850).

Diluted loss per share did not include the effect of 1,227,000 share purchase options and 8,834,641 warrants outstanding at year end (2019 – 1,730,750 share purchase options and 8,876,250 warrants; 2018 – 1,735,000 share purchase options, 102,813 finder’s options and 11,308,000 warrants) as they are anti-dilutive.

11. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The fair values of the Company’s cash, other receivables, due from optionees, property deposits, accounts payables and accrued liabilities, accounts payable owed by optionees, due to related parties and loans and other borrowings approximate their carrying values because of the short-term nature of these instruments.

The Company’s financial instruments are exposed to certain financial risks, including credit risk, liquidity risk, interest risk, commodity price risk and currency risk.

(a)Credit risk

The Company’s cash is held in financial institutions in Canada, Portugal and Kosovo and property deposits are held by Portuguese regulatory authorities.  Amounts are receivable from optionees.


101


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


11. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Continued)

(b)Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due. The Company manages liquidity risk through the management of its capital structure.

As at December 31, 2020, the Company had cash of $205,238 (December 31, 2019 - $58,343), VAT receivables of $21,922 (December 31, 2019 - $17,042) and other receivables of $28,494 (December 31, 2019 - $29,096) to settle current liabilities, net of accounts payable owed by optionees, of $924,762 (December 31, 2019 - $1,099,588).

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities are due within the current operating period.

(c)Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk is not material as the Company does not have any significant financial assets or liabilities subject to fluctuation in interest rates.

(d)Equity market price risk

The Company is exposed to price risk with respect to equity market prices. Price risk as it relates to the Company is defined as the potential adverse impact on the Company’s ability to finance due to movements in individual equity prices or general movements in the level of the stock market. The Company closely monitors individual equity movements and the stock market to determine the appropriate course of action to be taken by the Company.

(e)Currency risk

The Company’s property interests in Portugal and Kosovo make it subject to foreign currency fluctuations and inflationary pressures which may adversely affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The Company is affected by changes in exchange rates between the Canadian Dollar and foreign functional currencies. The Company does not invest in foreign currency contracts to mitigate the risks. The Company has net monetary liabilities of $29,700 dominated in US dollars and Euros. A 1% change in the absolute rate of exchange in US dollars and Euros would affect its net loss by $200.

IFRS 7 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the input to valuation techniques used to measure fair value as follows:

Level 1 – quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2 – inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e., as prices) or indirectly (i.e., derived from prices); and

Level 3 – inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).


102


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


11. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Continued)

The following table sets forth the Company’s financial assets classified as subsequently measured at amortized cost as at December 31, 2020 and 2019.

As at December 31, 2020 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets:
Cash $ 205,238 $ - $ - $ 205,238
Due from optionees 61,249 - - 61,249
Other receivables 28,494 - - 28,494
Property deposits 1,561 - - 1,561
$ 296,542 $ - $ - $ 296,542
As at December 31, 2019 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Assets:
Cash $ 58,343 $ - $ - $ 58,343
Due from optionees 31,622 - - 31,622
Other receivables 29,096 - - 29,096
Property deposits 17,500 - - 17,500
$ 136,561 $ - $ - $ 136,561

The financial liabilities are classified as measured at amortized cost.

12. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE WITH RESPECT TO CASH FLOWS

The non-cash transactions during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:

·$Nil (2019 - $10,996; 2018 - $23,796) in mineral exploration expenses was related to depreciation; and

·As at December 31, 2020, a total of $1,805 (2019 - $Nil; 2018 - $3,311) in share issue costs were included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities and $74,550 (2019 - $77,800; 2018 - $32,000) were included in due to related parties.

13. MANAGEMENT OF CAPITAL RISK

The Company manages its cash, common shares, warrants and share purchase options as capital (see Note 7).  The Company’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard its ability to continue as a going concern and to maintain a flexible capital structure which optimizes the costs of capital at an acceptable risk.

The Company manages the capital structure and makes adjustments to it in light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets.  To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may attempt to issue new shares, acquire or dispose of assets or adjust the amount of cash and cash equivalents held.

In order to maximize ongoing operating efforts, the Company does not pay out dividends.  The Company’s investment policy is to invest its short-term excess cash in highly liquid short-term interest-bearing investments with maturities of 90 days or less from the original date of acquisition, selected with regards to the expected timing of expenditures from continuing operations.

The Company expects its current capital resources will be sufficient to carry out its exploration or operations in the near term.


103


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


14. INCOME TAX

A reconciliation of income taxes at statutory rates is as follows:

2020 2019 2018
Net loss $   (138,911) $   (2,097,599) $   (1,885,332)
Expected income tax recovery $     (37,000) $      (566,352) $      (509,040)
Effect of foreign tax rate (16,000) 46,724 145,825
Non-deductible items 1,000 112,279 38,513
Deductible items (6,000) (15,196) (15,911)
Unrecognized benefit of non-capital losses 58,000 422,545 340,613
$                    - $                    - $                    -

The significant components of the Company’s deferred income tax assets are as follows:

2020 2019
Deferred income tax assets
Non-capital loss carryforwards $          1,945,000 $          1,854,696
Allowable capital losses 9,000 -
Share issue costs 23,000 31,166
1,977,000 1,885,862
Valuation allowance (1,977,000) (1,885,862)
Net deferred income tax assets $                        - $                        -

The Company has available for deduction against future taxable income non-capital losses of approximately $7,201,500 in Canada (2019 - $6,868,500). These losses, if not utilized, will expire through to 2040.  Tax benefits which may arise as a result of these non-capital losses have not been recognized in these consolidated financial statements and have been offset by a valuation allowance.  The following table shows the non-capital losses in Canada:

Year of Origin Year of Expiry Non-capital losses/(Income)
2008 2028 $                  10,500
2009 2029 45,000
2010 2030 38,500
2010 2030 325,000
2011 2031 51,500
2012 2032 798,000
2013 2033 606,000
2014 2034 921,000
2015 2035 837,000
2016 2036 1,007,000
2017 2037 854,000
2018 2038 657,000
2019 2039 575,000
2020 2040 476,000
$           7,201,500

104


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


15. SEGMENTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The Company operates in one industry segment, being the acquisition and exploration of mineral properties. Geographic information is as follows:

December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Non-current assets
Portugal $                 216,743 $                 244,251
Kosovo - 1
$                 216,743 $                 244,252
Years ended
December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Mineral exploration expenses
Portugal $                   68,960 $                 520,500
Kosovo 11,383 45,927
$                   80,343 $                 566,427

16. EVENT AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD Subsequent to December 31, 2020, the Company incorporated a wholly-owned subsidiary AVU Kosova LLC.


105


AVRUPA MINERALS LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018

(Presented in Canadian Dollars)


Signature Page Pursuant to the requirements of Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and has duly caused this Annual Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Avrupa Minerals Ltd.

Registrant

Dated:   May 25, 2021 Signed:  /s/  “Winnie Wong”
Winnie Wong,<br><br><br>Chief Financial Officer

106 Avrupa Minerals Ltd. Articles Exhibit 1.4

Incorporation number: **** BC0814460 AVRUPA MINERALS LTD. (the "Company") ARTICLES 1.Interpretation 2

2.Shares and Share Certificates 2

3.Issue of Shares 4

4.Share Registers 5

5.Share Transfers 5

6.Transmission of Shares 7

7.Purchase of Shares 7

8.Borrowing Powers 8

9.Alterations 9

10.Meetings of Shareholders 10

11.Proceedings at Meetings of Shareholders 12

12.Votes of Shareholders 16

13.Directors 20

14.Election and Removal of Directors 22

15.Alternate Directors 24

16.Powers and Duties of Directors 26

17.Interests of Directors and Officers 26

18.Proceedings of Directors 28

19.Executive and Other Committees 30

20.Officers 32

21.Indemnification 32

22.Dividends 34

23.Accounting Records and Auditors 36

24.Notices 36

25.Seal 38

26.Prohibitions 39


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1.INTERPRETATION 1.1****Definitions

In these Articles, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1)"board of directors", "directors" and "board" mean the directors or sole director of the Company for the time being;

(2)"Business Corporations Act" means the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia) from time to time in force and all amendments thereto and includes all regulations and amendments thereto made pursuant to that Act;

(3)"Interpretation Act" means the Interpretation Act (British Columbia) from time to time in force and all amendments thereto and includes all regulations and amendments thereto made pursuant to that Act;

(4)"legal personal representative" means the personal or other legal representative of a shareholder;

(5)"registered address" of a shareholder means the shareholder's address as recorded in the central securities register;

(6)"seal" means the seal of the Company, if any. 1.2Business Corporations Act and Interpretation Act Definitions Applicable The definitions in the Business Corporations Act and the definitions and rules of construction in the Interpretation Act, with the necessary changes, so far as applicable, and unless the context requires otherwise, apply to these Articles as if they were set out herein. If there is a conflict between a definition in the Business Corporations Act and a definition or rule in the Interpretation Act relating to a term used in these Articles, the definition in the Business Corporations Act will prevail in relation to the use of the term in these Articles. If there is a conflict or inconsistency between these Articles and the Business Corporations Act, the Business Corporations Act will prevail. 2.SHARES AND SHARE CERTIFICATES

2.1****Authorized Share Structure The authorized share structure of the Company consists of shares of the class or classes and series, if any, described in the Notice of Articles of the Company. 2.2****Form of Share Certificate

Each share certificate issued by the Company must comply with, and be signed as required by, the Business Corporations Act.


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2.3****Shareholder Entitled to Certificate or Acknowledgment or Written Notice

Unless the shares of which a shareholder is the registered owner are uncertificated shares, each shareholder is entitled, on request and at the shareholder’s option, without charge, to (a) one share certificate representing the shares of each class or series of shares registered in the shareholder's name or (b) a non-transferable written acknowledgment of the shareholder's right to obtain such a share certificate, provided that in respect of a share held jointly by several persons, the Company is not bound to issue more than one share certificate or acknowledgment and delivery of a share certificate or acknowledgment to one of several joint shareholders or to a duly authorized agent of one of the joint shareholders will be sufficient delivery to all.  Within a reasonable time after the issue or transfer of a share that is an uncertificated share, the Company must send to the shareholder a written notice containing the information required by the Business Corporations Act. 2.4****Delivery by Mail Any share certificate, non-transferable written acknowledgment of a shareholder's right to obtain a share certificate or written notice of the issue or transfer of an uncertificated share may be sent to the shareholder by mail at the shareholder's registered address and neither the Company nor any director, officer or agent of the Company is liable for any loss to the shareholder because the share certificate, acknowledgement or written notice is lost in the mail or stolen. 2.5****Replacement of Worn Out or Defaced Certificate or Acknowledgement If the directors are satisfied that a share certificate or a non-transferable written acknowledgment of the shareholder's right to obtain a share certificate is worn out or defaced, they must, on production to them of the share certificate or acknowledgment, as the case may be, and on such other terms, if any, as they think fit:

(1)order the share certificate or acknowledgment, as the case may be, to be cancelled; and

(2)issue a replacement share certificate or acknowledgment, as the case may be.

2.6****Replacement of Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificate or Acknowledgment

If a share certificate or a non-transferable written acknowledgment of a shareholder's right to obtain a share certificate is lost, stolen or destroyed, a replacement share certificate or acknowledgment, as the case may be, must be issued to the person entitled to that share certificate or acknowledgment, as the case may be, provided such person has complied with the requirements of the Business Corporations Act.

2.7****Splitting Share Certificates

If a shareholder surrenders a share certificate to the Company with a written request that the Company issue in the shareholder's name two or more share certificates, each representing a specified number of shares and in the aggregate representing the same number of shares as the share certificate so surrendered, the Company must cancel the surrendered share certificate and issue replacement share certificates in accordance with that request.


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2.8****Certificate Fee

There must be paid as a fee to the Company for the issuance of any share certificate under Articles 2.5, 2.6 or 2.7, the amount, if any, determined by the directors, which must not exceed the amount prescribed under the Business Corporations Act. 2.9****Recognition of Trusts Except as required by law or statute or these Articles, no person will be recognized by the Company as holding any share upon any trust, and the Company is not bound by or compelled in any way to recognize (even when having notice thereof) any equitable, contingent, future or partial interest in any share or fraction of a share or (except as required by law or statute or these Articles or as ordered by a court of competent jurisdiction) any other rights in respect of any share except an absolute right to the entirety thereof in the shareholder. **3.**ISSUE OF SHARES

3.1****Directors Authorized Subject to the Business Corporations Act and the rights, if any, of the holders of issued shares of the Company, the Company may issue, allot, sell or otherwise dispose of the unissued shares, and issued shares held by the Company, at the times, to the persons, including directors, in the manner, on the terms and conditions and for the issue prices (including any premium at which shares with par value may be issued) that the directors may determine. The issue price for a share with par value must be equal to or greater than the par value of the share. 3.2****Commissions and Discounts The Company may at any time, pay a reasonable commission or allow a reasonable discount to any person in consideration of that person purchasing or agreeing to purchase shares of the Company from the Company or any other person or procuring or agreeing to procure purchasers for shares of the Company. 3.3****Brokerage The Company may pay such brokerage fee or other consideration as may be lawful for or in connection with the sale or placement of its securities. 3.4****Conditions of Issue Except as provided for by the Business Corporations Act, no share may be issued until it is fully paid. A share is fully paid when:

(1)consideration is provided to the Company for the issue of the share by one or more of the following:

(a)past services performed for the Company;


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(b)property;

(c)money; and

(2)the directors in their discretion have determined that the value of the consideration received by the Company is equal to or greater than the issue price set for the share under Article 3.1. 3.5****Share Purchase Warrants and Rights

Subject to the Business Corporations Act, the Company may issue share purchase warrants, options, convertible debentures and rights upon such terms and conditions as the directors determine, which share purchase warrants, options, convertible debentures and rights may be issued alone or in conjunction with debentures, debenture stock, bonds, shares or any other securities issued or created by the Company from time to time.

**4.**SHARE REGISTERS

4.1****Central Securities Register and Any Branch Securities Register As required by and subject to the Business Corporations Act, the Company must maintain a central securities register and may maintain a branch securities register. The directors may, subject to the Business Corporations Act, appoint an agent to maintain the central securities register or any branch securities register. The directors may also appoint one or more agents, including the agent which keeps the central securities register, as transfer agent for its shares or any class or series of its shares, as the case may be, and the same or another agent as registrar for its shares or such class or series of its shares, as the case may be. The directors may terminate such appointment of any agent at any time and may appoint another agent in its place. 4.2****Closing Register The Company must not at any time close its central securities register. **5.**SHARE TRANSFERS 5.1****Registering Transfers

A transfer of a share of the Company must not be registered unless the Company or the transfer agent or registrar for the class or series of share to be transferred has received:

(1)a duly signed instrument of transfer in respect of the share;

(2)if a share certificate has been issued by the Company in respect of the share to be transferred, that share certificate;

(3)if a non-transferable written acknowledgment of the shareholder's right to obtain a share certificate has been issued by the Company in respect of the share to be transferred, that acknowledgment; and


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(4)such other evidence, if any, as the Company or the transfer agent or registrar for the class or series of share to be transferred may require to prove the title of the transferor or the transferor's right to transfer the share, the due signing of the instrument of transfer and the right of the transferee to have the transfer registered.

For the purpose of this Article, delivery or surrender to the transfer agent or registrar which maintains the Company's central securities register or a branch securities register, if applicable, will constitute receipt by or surrender to the Company.

5.2****Form of Instrument of Transfer

The instrument of transfer in respect of any share of the Company must be either in the form, if any, on the back of the Company's share certificates or in any other form that may be approved from time to time by the directors or the transfer agent or registrar for the class or series of share to be transferred.

5.3****Transferor Remains Shareholder

Except to the extent that the Business Corporations Act otherwise provides, the transferor of shares is deemed to remain the holder of the shares until the name of the transferee is entered in a securities register of the Company in respect of the transfer.

5.4****Signing of Instrument of Transfer

If a shareholder, or his or her duly authorized attorney, signs an instrument of transfer in respect of shares registered in the name of the shareholder, the signed instrument of transfer constitutes a complete and sufficient authority to the Company and its directors, officers and agents to register the number of shares specified in the instrument of transfer or specified in any other manner, or, if no number is specified, all the shares represented by the share certificate(s) or set out in the written acknowledgments deposited with the instrument of transfer or, if the shares are uncertificated shares, then all of the uncertificated shares registered in the name of the shareholder:

(1)in the name of the person named as transferee in that instrument of transfer; or

(2)if no person is named as transferee in that instrument of transfer, in the name of the person on whose behalf the instrument is deposited for the purpose of having the transfer registered. 5.5****Enquiry as to Title Not Required Neither the Company nor any director, officer or agent of the Company is bound to inquire into the title of the person named in the instrument of transfer as transferee or, if no person is named as transferee in the instrument of transfer, of the person on whose behalf the instrument is deposited for the purpose of having the transfer registered or is liable for any claim related to registering the transfer by the shareholder or by any intermediate owner or holder of the shares, of any interest in the shares, of any share certificate representing such shares or of any written acknowledgment of a right to obtain a share certificate for such shares.


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5.6****Transfer Fee There must be paid as a fee to the Company, in relation to the registration of any transfer, the amount, if any, determined by the directors. 6.TRANSMISSION OF SHARES

6.1****Legal Personal Representative Recognized on Death In case of the death of a shareholder, the legal personal representative of the shareholder, or, in the case of shares registered in the shareholder's name and the name of another person in joint tenancy, the surviving joint holder will be the only person recognized by the Company as having any title to the shareholder's interest in the shares. Before recognizing a person as a legal personal representative of the shareholder, the directors may require a declaration of transmission made by the legal personal representative stating the particulars of the transmission, proof of appointment by a court of competent jurisdiction, a grant of letters probate, letters of administration or such other evidence or documents as the directors consider appropriate. 6.2****Rights of Legal Personal Representative The legal personal representative of a shareholder has the same rights, privileges and obligations with respect to the shares as were held by the shareholder, including the right to transfer the shares in accordance with these Articles, provided the documents required by the Business Corporations Act and the directors have been deposited with the Company.  This Article 6.2 does not apply in the case of the death of a shareholder with respect to shares registered in the shareholder's name and the name of another person in joint tenancy. **7.**PURCHASE OF SHARES

7.1****Company Authorized to Purchase Shares Subject to Article 7.2, the special rights and restrictions attached to the shares of any class or series and the Business Corporations Act, the Company may, if authorized by resolution of the directors, purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any of its shares at the price and upon the terms determined by the directors.

7.2****Purchase When Insolvent

The Company must not make a payment or provide any other consideration to purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any of its shares if there are reasonable grounds for believing that:

(1)the Company is insolvent; or

(2)making the payment or providing the consideration would render the Company insolvent.


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7.3****Redemption of Shares

If the Company proposes to redeem some but not all of the shares of any class, the directors may, subject to any special rights and restrictions attached to such class of shares, determine the manner in which the shares to be redeemed shall be selected. 7.4****Sale and Voting of Purchased Shares If the Company retains a share which it has redeemed, purchased or otherwise acquired, the Company may sell, gift or otherwise dispose of the share, but, while such share is held by the Company, it:

(1)is not entitled to vote the share at a meeting of its shareholders;

(2)must not pay a dividend in respect of the share; and

(3)must not make any other distribution in respect of the share. **8.**BORROWING POWERS 8.1****Powers of the Company

The Company, if authorized by the directors, may:

(1)borrow money in the manner and amount, on the security, from the sources and on the terms and conditions that the directors consider appropriate;

(2)issue bonds, debentures and other debt obligations either outright or as security for any liability or obligation of the Company or any other person and at such discounts or premiums and on such other terms as they consider appropriate;

(3)guarantee the repayment of money by any other person or the performance of any obligation of any other person; and

(4)mortgage, charge, whether by way of specific or floating charge, grant a security interest in, or give other security on, the whole or any part of the present and future assets and undertaking of the Company.

8.2****Bonds, Debentures, Debt

Any bonds, debentures or other debt obligations of the Company may be issued at a discount, premium or otherwise, or with special privileges as to redemption, surrender, drawing, allotment of or conversion into or exchange for shares or other securities, attending and voting at general meetings of the Company, appointment of directors or otherwise and may, by their terms, be assignable free from any equities between the Company and the person to whom they were issued or any subsequent holder thereof, all as the directors may determine.


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**9.**ALTERATION S

9.1****Alteration of Authorized Share Structure Subject to Article 9.2 and the Business Corporations Act, the Company may:

(1)by directors' resolution or by ordinary resolution, in each case as determined by the directors:

(a)create one or more classes or series of shares or, if none of the shares of a class or series of shares are allotted or issued, eliminate that class or series of shares;

(b)increase, reduce or eliminate the maximum number of shares that the Company is authorized to issue of any class or series of shares or establish a maximum number of shares that the Company is authorized to issue out of any class or series of shares for which no maximum is established;

(c)subdivide or consolidate all or any of its unissued, or fully paid issued, shares;

(d)if the Company is authorized to issue shares of a class of shares with par value:

(i)decrease the par value of those shares; or

(ii)if none of the shares of that class of shares are allotted or issued, increase the par value of those shares;

(e)change all or any of its unissued shares with par value into shares without par value or any of its unissued shares without par value into shares with par value or change all or any of its fully paid issued shares with par value into shares without par value; or

(f)alter the identifying name of any of its shares; and

(2)by ordinary resolution otherwise alter its shares or authorized share structure;

and, if applicable, alter its Notice of Articles and, if applicable, alter its Articles accordingly.

9.2****Special Rights and Restrictions

Subject to the Business Corporations Act, the Company may:

(1)by directors' resolution or by ordinary resolution, in each case as determined by the directors, create special rights or restrictions for, and attach those special rights or restrictions to, the shares of any class or series of shares if none of those shares have been issued; or vary or delete any special rights or restrictions attached to the shares of any class or series of shares if none of those shares have been issued; and

(2)by special resolution of the shareholders of the class or series affected, do any of the acts in (1) above if any of the shares of the class or series of shares have been issued,


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and alter its Notice of Articles and Articles accordingly.

9.3****Change of Name

The Company may by directors' resolution or by ordinary resolution, in each case as determined by the directors, authorize an alteration of its Notice of Articles in order to change its name and may, by directors' resolution or ordinary resolution, in each case as determined by the directors, adopt or change any translation of that name.

9.4****Other Alterations

If the Business Corporations Act does not specify the type of resolution and these Articles do not specify another type of resolution, the Company may by directors' resolution or by ordinary resolution, in each case as determined by the directors, alter these Articles. **10.**MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS

10.1****Annual General Meetings Unless an annual general meeting is deferred or waived in accordance with the Business Corporations Act, the Company must hold its first annual general meeting within 18 months after the date on which it was incorporated or otherwise recognized, and after that must hold an annual general meeting at least once in each calendar year and not more than 15 months after the last annual reference date at such time and place as may be determined by a resolution of the directors. 10.2****Resolution Instead of Annual General Meeting If all the shareholders who are entitled to vote at an annual general meeting consent by a unanimous resolution to all of the business that is required to be transacted at that annual general meeting, the annual general meeting is deemed to have been held on the date of the unanimous resolution. The shareholders must, in any unanimous resolution passed under this Article 10.2, select as the Company's annual reference date a date that would be appropriate for the holding of the applicable annual general meeting. 10.3****Calling of Meetings of Shareholders The directors may, at any time, call a meeting of shareholders. 10.4****Location of Meetings of Shareholders A meeting of the Company may be held:

(1)in the Province of British Columbia;

(2)at another location outside British Columbia if that location is:

(a)approved by resolution of the directors before the meeting is held; or

(b)approved in writing by the Registrar of Companies before the meeting is held.


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10.5****Notice for Meetings of Shareholders

Subject to Article 10.2, the Company must send notice of the date, time and location of any meeting of shareholders (including, without limitation, any notice specifying the intention to propose a resolution as an exceptional resolution, a special resolution or a special separate resolution, and any notice to consider approving an amalgamation into a foreign jurisdiction, an arrangement or the adoption of an amalgamation agreement, and any notice of a general meeting, class meeting or series meeting), in the manner provided in these Articles, or in such other manner, if any, as may be prescribed by directors' resolution (whether previous notice of the resolution has been given or not), to each shareholder entitled to attend the meeting, to each director and to the auditor of the Company, unless these Articles otherwise provide, at least the following number of days before the meeting:

(1)if and for so long as the Company is a public company, 21 days;

(2)otherwise, 10 days.

10.6****Notice of Resolution to which Shareholders May Dissent

The Company must send to each of its shareholders, whether or not their shares carry the right to vote, a notice of any meeting of shareholders at which a resolution entitling shareholders to dissent is to be considered specifying the date of the meeting and containing a statement advising of the right to send a notice of dissent together with a copy of the proposed resolution at least the following number of days before the meeting:

(1)if and for so long as the Company is a public company, 21 days; or

(2)otherwise, 10 days.

10.7****Record Date for Notice

The directors may set a date as the record date for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to notice of any meeting of shareholders. The record date must not precede the date on which the meeting is to be held by more than two months or, in the case of a general meeting requisitioned by shareholders under the Business Corporations Act, by more than four months. The record date must not precede the date on which the meeting is held by fewer than:

(1)if and for so long as the Company is a public company, 21 days; or

(2)otherwise, 10 days.

If no record date is set, the record date is 5 p.m. on the day immediately preceding the first date on which the notice is sent or, if no notice is sent, the beginning of the meeting.

10.8****Record Date for Voting

The directors may set a date as the record date for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders. The record date must not precede the date on


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which the meeting is to be held by more than two months or, in the case of a general meeting requisitioned by shareholders under the Business Corporations Act, by more than four months. If no record date is set, the record date is 5 p.m. on the day immediately preceding the first date on which the notice is sent or, if no notice is sent, the beginning of the meeting.

10.9****Failure to Give Notice and Waiver of Notice

The accidental omission to send notice of any meeting of shareholders to, or the non-receipt of any notice by, any of the persons entitled to notice does not invalidate any proceedings at that meeting. Any person entitled to notice of a meeting of shareholders may, in writing or otherwise, waive that entitlement or may agree to reduce the period of that notice.  Attendance of a person at a meeting of shareholders is a waiver of entitlement to notice of the meeting unless that person attends the meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the grounds that the meeting is not lawfully called. 10.10****Notice of Special Business at Meeting s of Shareholders If a meeting of shareholders is to consider special business within the meaning of Article 11.1, the notice of meeting or a circular prepared in connection with the meeting must:

(1)state the general nature of the special business; and

(2)if the special business includes considering, approving, ratifying, adopting or authorizing any document or the signing of or giving of effect to any document, have attached to it a copy of the document or state that a copy of the document will be available for inspection by shareholders:

(a)at the Company's records office, or at such other reasonably accessible location in British Columbia as is specified in the notice; and

(b)during statutory business hours on any one or more specified days before the day set for the holding of the meeting. **11.**PROCEEDINGS AT MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS

11.1****Special Business At a meeting of shareholders, the following business is special business:

(1)at a meeting of shareholders that is not an annual general meeting, all business is special business except business relating to the conduct of or voting at the meeting;

(2)at an annual general meeting, all business is special business except for the following:

(a)business relating to the conduct of or voting at the meeting;

(b)consideration of any financial statements of the Company presented to the meeting;

(c)consideration of any reports of the directors or auditor;


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(d)the setting or changing of the number of directors;

(e)the election or appointment of directors;

(f)the appointment of an auditor;

(g)the setting of the remuneration of an auditor;

(h)business arising out of a report of the directors not requiring the passing of a special resolution or an exceptional resolution; and

(i)any other business which, under these Articles or the Business Corporations Act, may be transacted at a meeting of shareholders without prior notice of the business being given to the shareholders. 11.2****Special Majority The majority of votes required for the Company to pass a special resolution at a general meeting of shareholders is two-thirds of the votes cast on the resolution.

11.3****Quorum Subject to the special rights and restrictions attached to the shares of any class or series of shares, the quorum for the transaction of business at a meeting of shareholders isone person present or represented by proxy. 11.4****Persons Entitled to Attend Meeting

In addition to those persons who are entitled to vote at a meeting of shareholders, the only other persons entitled to be present at the meeting are the directors, the president (if any), the secretary (if any), the assistant secretary (if any), any lawyer for the Company, the auditor of the Company, any persons invited to be present at the meeting by the directors or by the chair of the meeting and any persons entitled or required under the Business Corporations Act or these Articles to be present at the meeting; but if any of those persons does attend the meeting, that person is not to be counted in the quorum and is not entitled to vote at the meeting unless that person is a shareholder or proxyholder entitled to vote at the meeting.

11.5****Requirement of Quorum No business, other than the election of a chair of the meeting and the adjournment of the meeting, may be transacted at any meeting of shareholders unless a quorum of shareholders entitled to vote is present at the commencement of the meeting, but such quorum need not be present throughout the meeting. 11.6****Lack of Quorum If, within one-half hour from the time set for the holding of a meeting of shareholders, a quorum is not present:


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(1)in the case of a general meeting requisitioned by shareholders, the meeting is dissolved, and

(2)in the case of any other meeting of shareholders, the meeting stands adjourned to the same day in the next week at the same time and place.

11.7****Lack of Quorum at Succeeding Meeting If, at the meeting to which the meeting referred to in Article 11.6(2) was adjourned, a quorum is not present within one-half hour from the time set for the holding of the meeting,the meeting shall be terminated. 11.8****Chair The following individual is entitled to preside as chair at a meeting of shareholders: (1)the chair of the board, if any; or

(2)if the chair of the board is absent or unwilling to act as chair of the meeting, the president, if any.

11.9****Selection of Alternate Chair If, at any meeting of shareholders, there is no chair of the board or president willing to act as chair of the meeting or present within 15 minutes after the time set for holding the meeting, or if the chair of the board and the president have advised the secretary, if any, or any director present at the meeting, that they will not be present at the meeting, the directors present must choose a director, officer or corporate counsel to be chair of the meeting or if  none of the above persons are present or if they decline to take the chair, the shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting who are present in person or by proxy may choose any person present at the meeting to chair the meeting. 11.10****Adjournments The chair of a meeting of shareholders may, and if so directed by the meeting must, adjourn the meeting from time to time and from place to place, but no business may be transacted at any adjourned meeting other than the business left unfinished at the meeting from which the adjournment took place. 11.11****Notice of Adjourned Meeting

It is not necessary to give any notice of an adjourned meeting of shareholders or of the business to be transacted at an adjourned meeting of shareholders except that, when a meeting is adjourned for 30 days or more, notice of the adjourned meeting must be given as in the case of the original meeting.


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11.12****Decisions by Show of Hands or Poll

Subject to the Business Corporations Act, every motion put to a vote at a meeting of shareholders will be decided on a show of hands unless a poll, before or on the declaration of the result of the vote by show of hands, is directed by the chair or demanded by any shareholder entitled to vote who is present in person or by proxy.

11.13****Declaration of Result

The chair of a meeting of shareholders must declare to the meeting the decision on every question in accordance with the result of the show of hands or the poll, as the case may be, and that decision must be entered in the minutes of the meeting. A declaration of the chair that a resolution is carried by the necessary majority or is defeated is, unless a poll is directed by the chair or demanded under Article 11.12, conclusive evidence without proof of the number or proportion of the votes recorded in favour of or against the resolution. 11.14****Motion Need Not be Seconded No motion proposed at a meeting of shareholders need be seconded unless the chair of the meeting rules otherwise, and the chair of any meeting of shareholders is entitled to propose or second a motion. 11.15****Casting Vote In case of an equality of votes, the chair of a meeting of shareholders, either on a show of hands or on a poll, does not have a second or casting vote in addition to the vote or votes to which the chair may be entitled as a shareholder. 11.16****Manner of Taking Poll

Subject to Article 11.17, if a poll is duly demanded at a meeting of shareholders: (1)the poll must be taken:

(a)at the meeting, or within seven days after the date of the meeting, as the chair of the meeting directs; and

(b)in the manner, at the time and at the place that the chair of the meeting directs;

(2)the result of the poll is deemed to be the decision of the meeting at which the poll is demanded; and

(3)the demand for the poll may be withdrawn by the person who demanded it.

11.17****Demand for Poll on Adjournment

A poll demanded at a meeting of shareholders on a question of adjournment must be taken immediately at the meeting.


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11.18****Chair Must Resolve Dispute

In the case of any dispute as to the admission or rejection of a vote given on a poll, the chair of the meeting must determine the dispute, and his or her determination made in good faith is final and conclusive.

11.19****Casting of Votes On a poll, a shareholder entitled to more than one vote need not cast all the votes in the same way. 11.20****No Demand for Poll on Election of Chair No poll may be demanded in respect of the vote by which a chair of a meeting of shareholders is elected. 11.21****Demand for Poll Not to Prevent Continuance of Meeting The demand for a poll at a meeting of shareholders does not, unless the chair of the meeting so rules, prevent the continuation of a meeting for the transaction of any business other than the question on which a poll has been demanded. 11.22****Retention of Ballots and Proxies

The Company must, for at least three months after a meeting of shareholders, keep each ballot cast on a poll and each proxy voted at the meeting, and, during that period, make them available for inspection during normal business hours by any shareholder or proxy holder entitled to vote at the meeting. At the end of such three month period, the Company may destroy such ballots and proxies. 12.VOTES OF SHAREHOLDERS

12.1****Number of Votes by Shareholder or by Shares

Subject to any special rights or restrictions attached to any shares and to the restrictions imposed on joint shareholders under Article 12.3: (1)on a vote by show of hands, every person present who is a shareholder or proxy holder and entitled to vote on the matter has one vote; and

(2)on a poll, every shareholder entitled to vote on the matter has one vote in respect of each share entitled to be voted on the matter and held by that shareholder and may exercise that vote either in person or by proxy.

12.2****Votes of Persons in Representative Capacity A person who is not a shareholder may vote at a meeting of shareholders, whether on a show of hands or on a poll, and may appoint a proxy holder to act at the meeting, if, before doing so, the person satisfies the chair of the meeting, or the directors, that the person is a legal personal representative or a trustee in bankruptcy for a shareholder who is entitled to vote at the meeting.


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12.3****Votes by Joint Holders If there are joint shareholders registered in respect of any share: (1)any one of the joint shareholders may vote at any meeting of shareholders, either personally or by proxy, in respect of the share as if that joint shareholder were solely entitled to it; or

(2)if more than one of the joint shareholders is present at any meeting of shareholders, personally or by proxy, and more than one of them votes in respect of that share, then only the vote of the joint shareholder present whose name stands first on the central securities register in respect of the share will be counted.

12.4****Legal Personal Representatives as Joint Shareholders

Two or more legal personal representatives of a shareholder in whose sole name any share is registered are, for the purposes of Article 12.3, deemed to be joint shareholders registered in respect of that share.

12.5****Representative of a Corporate Shareholder

If a corporation, that is not a subsidiary of the Company, is a shareholder, that corporation may appoint a person to act as its representative at any meeting of shareholders of the Company, and:

(1)for that purpose, the instrument appointing a representative must be received:

(a)at the registered office of the Company or at any other place specified, in the notice calling the meeting, for the receipt of proxies, at least the number of business days specified in the notice for the receipt of proxies, or if no number of days is specified, two business days before the day set for the holding of the meeting or any adjourned meeting; or

(b)by the chair of the meeting at the meeting or adjourned meeting or by a person designated by the chair of the meeting or adjourned meeting;

(2)if a representative is appointed under this Article 12.5:

(a)the representative is entitled to exercise in respect of and at that meeting the same rights on behalf of the corporation that the representative represents as that corporation could exercise if it were a shareholder who is an individual, including, without limitation, the right to appoint a proxy holder; and

(b)the representative, if present at the meeting, is to be counted for the purpose of forming a quorum and is deemed to be a shareholder present in person at the meeting.


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Evidence of the appointment of any such representative may be sent to the Company by written instrument, fax or any other method of transmitting legibly recorded messages.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, a corporation that is a shareholder may appoint a proxy holder. 12.6****Proxy Provisions Do Not Apply to All Companies Articles 12.7 to 12.15 do not apply to the Company if and for so long as it is a public company or a pre-existing reporting company which has the Statutory Reporting Company Provisions as part of its Articles or to which the Statutory Reporting Company Provisions apply. 12.7****Appointment of Proxy Holders

Every shareholder of the Company, including a corporation that is a shareholder but not a subsidiary of the Company, entitled to vote at a meeting of shareholders may, by proxy, appoint up to two proxy holders to attend and act at the meeting in the manner, to the extent and with the powers conferred by the proxy. 12.8****Alternate Proxy Holders

A shareholder may appoint one or more alternate proxy holders to act in the place of an absent proxy holder.

12.9****When Proxy Holder Need Not Be Shareholder

A person must not be appointed as a proxy holder unless the person is a shareholder, although a person who is not a shareholder may be appointed as a proxy holder if:

(1)the person appointing the proxy holder is a corporation or a representative of a corporation appointed under Article 12.5;

(2)the Company has at the time of the meeting for which the proxy holder is to be appointed only one shareholder entitled to vote at the meeting; or

(3)the shareholders present in person or by proxy at and entitled to vote at the meeting for which the proxy holder is to be appointed, by a resolution on which the proxy holder is not entitled to vote but in respect of which the proxy holder is to be counted in the quorum, permit the proxy holder to attend and vote at the meeting. 12.10****Deposit of Proxy A proxy for a meeting of shareholders must:

(1)be received at the registered office of the Company or at any other place specified, in the notice calling the meeting, for the receipt of proxies, at least the number of business days specified in the notice, or if no number of days is specified, two business days before the day set for the holding of the meeting or any adjourned meeting; or


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(2)unless the notice provides otherwise, be received, at the meeting or any adjourned meeting, by the chair of the meeting or any adjourned meeting or by a person designated by the chair of the meeting or adjourned meeting.

A proxy may be sent to the Company by written instrument, fax or any other method of transmitting legibly recorded messages. 12.11****Validity of Proxy Vote

A vote given in accordance with the terms of a proxy is valid notwithstanding the death or incapacity of the shareholder giving the proxy and despite the revocation of the proxy or the revocation of the authority under which the proxy is given, unless notice in writing of that death, incapacity or revocation is received: (1)at the registered office of the Company, at any time up to and including the last business day before the day set for the holding of the meeting or any adjourned meeting at which the proxy is to be used; or

(2)at the meeting or any adjourned meeting by the chair of the meeting or adjourned meeting, before any vote in respect of which the proxy has been given or has been taken.

12.12****Form of Proxy

A proxy, whether for a specified meeting or otherwise, must be either in the following form or in any other form approved by the directors or the chair of the meeting:

[name of company] (the "Company")

The undersigned, being a shareholder of the Company, hereby appoints [name] or, failing that person, [name], as proxy holder for the undersigned to attend, act and vote for and on behalf of the undersigned at the meeting of shareholders of the Company to be held on [month, day, year] and at any adjournment of that meeting.

Number of shares in respect of which this proxy is given (if no number is specified, then this proxy is given in respect of all shares registered in the name of the undersigned):

Signed [month, day, year]

[Signature of shareholder]

[Name of shareholder—printed]


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12.13****Revocation of Proxy

Subject to Article 12.14, every proxy may be revoked by an instrument in writing that is received: (1)at the registered office of the Company at any time up to and including the last business day before the day set for the holding of the meeting or any adjourned meeting at which the proxy is to be used; or

(2)at the meeting or any adjourned meeting, by the chair of the meeting or adjourned meeting, before any vote in respect of which the proxy has been given has been taken.

12.14****Revocation of Proxy Must Be Signed

An instrument referred to in Article 12.13 must be signed as follows:

(1)if the shareholder for whom the proxy holder is appointed is an individual, the instrument must be signed by the shareholder or his or her legal personal representative or trustee in bankruptcy;

(2)if the shareholder for whom the proxy holder is appointed is a corporation, the instrument must be signed by the corporation or by a representative appointed for the corporation under Article 12.5.

12.15****Production of Evidence of Authority to Vote The chair of any meeting of shareholders may, but need not, inquire into the authority of any person to vote at the meeting and may, but need not, demand from that person production of evidence as to the existence of the authority to vote.

13.DIRECTORS

13.1****First Directors; Number of Directors The first directors are the persons designated as directors of the Company in the Notice of Articles that applies to the Company when it is recognized under the Business Corporations Act. The number of directors, excluding additional directors appointed under Article 14.8, is set at:

(1)subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), the number of directors that is equal to the number of the Company's first directors;

(2)if the Company is a public company, the greater of three and the most recently set of:

(a)the number of directors elected by ordinary resolution (whether or not previous notice of the resolution was given); and

(b)the number of directors set under Article 14.4;

(3)if the Company is not a public company, the most recently set of:


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(a)the number of directors elected by ordinary resolution (whether or not previous notice of the resolution was given); and

(b)the number of directors set under Article 14.4. 13.2****Change in Number of Directors If the number of directors is set under Articles 13.1(2)(a) or 13.1(3)(a):

(1)the shareholders may elect or appoint the directors needed to fill any vacancies in the board of directors up to that number;

(2)if the shareholders do not elect or appoint the directors needed to fill any vacancies in the board of directors up to that number contemporaneously with the setting of that number, then the directors, subject to Article 14.8, may appoint, or the shareholders may elect or appoint, directors to fill those vacancies.

13.3****Directors' Acts Valid Despite Vacancy

An act or proceeding of the directors is not invalid merely because fewer than the number of directors set or otherwise required under these Articles is in office.

13.4****Qualifications of Directors

A director is not required to hold a share in the capital of the Company as qualification for his or her office but must be qualified as required by the Business Corporations Act to become, act or continue to act as a director. 13.5****Remuneration of Directors The directors are entitled to the remuneration for acting as directors, if any, as the directors may from time to time determine. If the directors so decide, the remuneration of the directors, if any, will be determined by the shareholders. That remuneration may be in addition to any salary or other remuneration paid to any officer or employee of the Company as such, who is also a director.

13.6****Reimbursement of Expenses of Directors

The Company must reimburse each director for the reasonable expenses that he or she may incur in and about the business of the Company.

13.7****Special Remuneration for Directors

If any director performs any professional or other services for the Company that in the opinion of the directors are outside the ordinary duties of a director, or if any director is otherwise specially occupied in or about the Company's business, he or she may be paid remuneration fixed by the directors, or, at the option of that director, fixed by ordinary resolution, and such remuneration may be either in addition to, or in substitution for, any other remuneration that he or she may be entitled to receive.


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13.8****Gratuity, Pension or Allowance on Retirement of Director

Unless otherwise determined by ordinary resolution, the directors on behalf of the Company may pay a gratuity or pension or allowance on retirement to any director or to his or her spouse or dependants and may make contributions to any fund and pay premiums for the purchase or provision of any such gratuity, pension or allowance. 14.ELECTION AND REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS

14.1****Election at Annual General Meeting

At every annual general meeting and in every unanimous resolution contemplated by Article 10.2: (1)the shareholders entitled to vote at the annual general meeting for the election of directors must elect, or in the unanimous resolution appoint, a board of directors consisting of the number of directors for the time being set under these Articles; and

(2)those directors whose term of office expires at the annual general meeting cease to hold office immediately before the election or appointment of directors under paragraph (1), but are eligible for re-election or re-appointment.

14.2****Consent to be a Director

No election, appointment or designation of an individual as a director is valid unless:

(1)that individual consents to be a director in the manner provided for in the Business Corporations Act;

(2)that individual is elected or appointed at a meeting at which the individual is present and the individual does not refuse, at the meeting, to be a director; or

(3)with respect to first directors, the designation is otherwise valid under the Business Corporations Act. 14.3****Failure to Elect or Appoint Directors If:

(1)the Company fails to hold an annual general meeting, and all the shareholders who are entitled to vote at an annual general meeting fail to pass the unanimous resolution contemplated by Article 10.2, on or before the date by which the annual general meeting is required to be held under the Business Corporations Act; or

(2)the shareholders fail, at the annual general meeting or in the unanimous resolution contemplated by Article 10.2, to elect or appoint any directors;

then each director then in office continues to hold office until the earlier of:

(3)when his or her successor is elected or appointed; and


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(4)when he or she otherwise ceases to hold office under the Business Corporations Act or these Articles.

14.4****Places of Retiring Directors Not Filled

If, at any meeting of shareholders at which there should be an election of directors, the places of any of the retiring directors are not filled by that election, those retiring directors who are not re-elected and who are asked by the newly elected directors to continue in office will, if willing to do so, continue in office to complete the number of directors for the time being set pursuant to these Articles until further new directors are elected at a meeting of shareholders convened for that purpose. If any such election or continuance of directors does not result in the election or continuance of the number of directors for the time being set pursuant to these Articles, the number of directors of the Company is deemed to be set at the number of directors actually elected or continued in office. 14.5****Directors May Fill Casual Vacancies Any casual vacancy occurring in the board of directors may be filled by the directors. 14.6****Remaining Directors' Power to Act The directors may act notwithstanding any vacancy in the board of directors, but if the Company has fewer directors in office than the number set pursuant to these Articles as the quorum of directors, the directors may only act for the purpose of appointing directors up to that number or of calling a meeting of shareholders for the purpose of filling any vacancies on the board of directors or, subject to the Business Corporations Act, for any other purpose.

14.7****Shareholders May Fill Vacancies

If the Company has no directors or fewer directors in office than the number set pursuant to these Articles as the quorum of directors, the shareholders may elect or appoint directors to fill any vacancies on the board of directors. 14.8****Additional Directors

Notwithstanding Articles 13.1 and 13.2, between annual general meetings or unanimous resolutions contemplated by Article 10.2, the directors may appoint one or more additional directors, but the number of additional directors appointed under this Article 14.8 must not at any time exceed: (1)one-third of the number of first directors, if, at the time of the appointments, one or more of the first directors have not yet completed their first term of office; or

(2)in any other case, one-third of the number of the current directors who were elected or appointed as directors other than under this Article 14.8.

Any director so appointed ceases to hold office immediately before the next election or appointment of directors under Article 14.1(1), but is eligible for re-election or re-appointment.


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14.9****Ceasing to be a Director

A director ceases to be a director when:

(1)the term of office of the director expires;

(2)the director dies;

(3)the director resigns as a director by notice in writing provided to the Company or a lawyer for the Company; or

(4)the director is removed from office pursuant to Articles 14.10 or 14.11. 14.10****Removal of Director by Shareholders The Company may remove any director before the expiration of his or her term of office by special resolution. In that event, the shareholders may elect, or appoint by ordinary resolution, a director to fill the resulting vacancy. If the shareholders do not elect or appoint a director to fill the resulting vacancy contemporaneously with the removal, then the directors may appoint or the shareholders may elect, or appoint by ordinary resolution, a director to fill that vacancy.

14.11****Removal of Director by Directors

The directors may remove any director before the expiration of his or her term of office if the director is convicted of an indictable offence, or if the director ceases to be qualified to act as a director of a company and does not promptly resign, and the directors may appoint a director to fill the resulting vacancy. 15.ALTERNATE DIRECTORS 15.1****Appointment of Alternate Director

Any director (an "appointor") may by notice in writing received by the Company appoint any person (an "appointee") who is qualified to act as a director to be his or her alternate to act in his or her place at meetings of the directors or committees of the directors at which the appointor is not present unless (in the case of an appointee who is not a director) the directors have reasonably disapproved the appointment of such person as an alternate director and have given notice to that effect to his or her appointor within a reasonable time after the notice of appointment is received by the Company.

15.2****Notice of Meetings

Every alternate director so appointed is entitled to notice of meetings of the directors and of committees of the directors of which his or her appointor is a member and to attend and vote as a director at any such meetings at which his or her appointor is not present.


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15.3****Alternate for More Than One Director Attending Meetings

A person may be appointed as an alternate director by more than one director, and an alternate director:

(1)will be counted in determining the quorum for a meeting of directors once for each of his or her appointors and, in the case of an appointee who is also a director, once more in that capacity;

(2)has a separate vote at a meeting of directors for each of his or her appointors and, in the case of an appointee who is also a director, an additional vote in that capacity;

(3)will be counted in determining the quorum for a meeting of a committee of directors once for each of his or her appointors who is a member of that committee and, in the case of an appointee who is also a member of that committee as a director, once more in that capacity; and

(4)has a separate vote at a meeting of a committee of directors for each of his or her appointors who is a member of that committee and, in the case of an appointee who is also a member of that committee as a director, an additional vote in that capacity.

15.4****Consent Resolutions

Every alternate director, if authorized by the notice appointing him or her, may sign in place of his or her appointor any resolutions to be consented to in writing.

15.5****Alternate Director Not an Agent

Every alternate director is deemed not to be the agent of his or her appointor.

15.6****Revocation of Appointment of Alternate Director

An appointor may at any time, by notice in writing received by the Company, revoke the appointment of an alternate director appointed by him or her.

15.7****Ceasing to be an Alternate Director

The appointment of an alternate director ceases when:

(1)his or her appointor ceases to be a director and is not promptly re-elected or re-appointed;

(2)the alternate director dies;

(3)the alternate director resigns as an alternate director by notice in writing provided to the Company or a lawyer for the Company;

(4)the alternate director ceases to be qualified to act as a director; or

(5)his or her appointor revokes the appointment of the alternate director.


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15.8****Remuneration and Expenses of Alternate Director

The Company may reimburse an alternate director for the reasonable expenses that would be properly reimbursed if he or she were a director, and the alternate director is entitled to receive from the Company such proportion, if any, of the remuneration otherwise payable to the appointor as the appointor may from time to time direct. 16.POWERS AND DUTIES OF DIRECTORS

16.1****Powers of Management The directors must, subject to the Business Corporations Act and these Articles, manage or supervise the management of the business and affairs of the Company and have the authority to exercise all such powers of the Company as are not, by the Business Corporations Act or by these Articles, required to be exercised by the shareholders of the Company. 16.2****Appointment of Attorney of Company The directors may from time to time, by power of attorney or other instrument, under seal if so required by law, appoint any person to be the attorney of the Company for such purposes, and with such powers, authorities and discretions (not exceeding those vested in or exercisable by the directors under these Articles and excepting the power to fill vacancies in the board of directors, to remove a director, to change the membership of, or fill vacancies in, any committee of the directors, to appoint or remove officers appointed by the directors and to declare dividends) and for such period, and with such remuneration and subject to such conditions as the directors may think fit. Any such power of attorney may contain such provisions for the protection or convenience of persons dealing with such attorney as the directors think fit. Any such attorney may be authorized by the directors to sub-delegate all or any of the powers, authorities and discretions for the time being vested in him or her. 17.INTERESTS OF DIRECTORS **** AND OFFICERS

17.1****Obligation to Account for Profits A director or senior officer who holds a disclosable interest (as that term is used in the Business Corporations Act) in a contract or transaction into which the Company has entered or proposes to enter is liable to account to the Company for any profit that accrues to the director or senior officer under or as a result of the contract or transaction only if and to the extent provided in the Business Corporations Act. 17.2****Restrictions on Voting by Reason of Interest A director who holds a disclosable interest in a contract or transaction into which the Company has entered or proposes to enter is not entitled to vote on any directors' resolution to approve that contract or transaction, unless all the directors have a disclosable interest in that contract or transaction, in which case any or all of those directors may vote on such resolution.


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17.3****Interested Director Counted in Quorum A director who holds a disclosable interest in a contract or transaction into which the Company has entered or proposes to enter and who is present at the meeting of directors at which the contract or transaction is considered for approval may be counted in the quorum at the meeting whether or not the director votes on any or all of the resolutions considered at the meeting.

17.4****Disclosure of Conflict of Interest or Property

A director or senior officer who holds any office or possesses any property, right or interest that could result, directly or indirectly, in the creation of a duty or interest that materially conflicts with that individual's duty or interest as a director or senior officer, must disclose the nature and extent of the conflict as required by the Business Corporations Act.

17.5****Director Holding Other Office in the Company

A director may hold any office or place of profit with the Company, other than the office of auditor of the Company, in addition to his or her office of director for the period and on the terms (as to remuneration or otherwise) that the directors may determine.

17.6****No Disqualification

No director or intended director is disqualified by his or her office from contracting with the Company either with regard to the holding of any office or place of profit the director holds with the Company or as vendor, purchaser or otherwise, and no contract or transaction entered into by or on behalf of the Company in which a director is in any way interested is liable to be voided for that reason. 17.7****Professional Services by Director or Officer Subject to the Business Corporations Act, a director or officer, or any person in which a director or officer has an interest, may act in a professional capacity for the Company, except as auditor of the Company, and the director or officer or such person is entitled to remuneration for professional services as if that director or officer were not a director or officer. 17.8****Director or Officer in Other Corporations A director or officer may be or become a director, officer or employee of, or otherwise interested in, any person in which the Company may be interested as a shareholder or otherwise, and, subject to the Business Corporations Act, the director or officer is not accountable to the Company for any remuneration or other benefits received by him or her as director, officer or employee of, or from his or her interest in, such other person.


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18.PROCEEDINGS OF DIRECTORS

18.1****Meetings of Directors The directors may meet together for the conduct of business, adjourn and otherwise regulate their meetings as they think fit, and meetings of the directors held at regular intervals may be held at the place, at the time and on the notice, if any, as the directors may from time to time determine.

18.2****Voting at Meetings

Questions arising at any meeting of directors are to be decided by a majority of votes and, in the case of an equality of votes, the chair of the meeting does not have a second or casting vote. 18.3****Chair of Meetings The following individual is entitled to preside as chair at a meeting of directors:

(1)the chair of the board, if any;

(2)in the absence of the chair of the board or if designated by the chair, the president, a  director or other officer; or

(3)any other director or officer chosen by the directors if:

(a)neither the chair of the board nor the president is present at the meeting within 15 minutes after the time set for holding the meeting;

(b)neither the chair of the board nor the president is willing to chair the meeting; or

(c)the chair of the board and the president have advised the secretary, if any, or any other director, that they will not be present at the meeting. 18.4****Meetings by Telephone or Other Communications Medium A director may participate in a meeting of the directors or of any committee of the directors:

(1)in person;

(2)by telephone; or

(3)with the consent of all directors who wish to participate in the meeting, by other communications medium;

if all directors participating in the meeting, whether in person or by telephone or other communications medium, are able to communicate with each other. A director who participates in a meeting in a manner contemplated by this Article 18.4 is deemed for all purposes of the Business Corporations Act and these Articles to be present at the meeting and to have agreed to participate in that manner.


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18.5****Calling of Meetings A director may, and the secretary or an assistant secretary of the Company, if any, on the request of a director must, call a meeting of the directors at any time.

18.6****Notice of Meetings

Other than for meetings held at regular intervals as determined by the directors pursuant to Article 18.1, reasonable notice of each meeting of the directors, specifying the place, day and time of that meeting must be given to each of the directors and the alternate directors by any method set out in Article 24.1 or orally or by telephone.

18.7****When Notice Not Required

It is not necessary to give notice of a meeting of the directors to a director or an alternate director if:

(1)the meeting is to be held immediately following a meeting of shareholders at which that director was elected or appointed, or is the meeting of the directors at which that director is appointed; or

(2)the director or alternate director, as the case may be, has waived notice of the meeting.

18.8****Meeting Valid Despite Failure to Give Notice

The accidental omission to give notice of any meeting of directors to, or the non-receipt of any notice by, any director or alternate director, does not invalidate any proceedings at that meeting. 18.9****Waiver of Notice of Meetings Any director or alternate director may send to the Company a document signed by him or her waiving notice of any past, present or future meeting or meetings of the directors and may at any time withdraw that waiver with respect to meetings held after that withdrawal. After sending a waiver with respect to all future meetings and until that waiver is withdrawn, no notice of any meeting of the directors need be given to that director and, unless the director otherwise requires by notice in writing to the Company, to his or her alternate director, and all meetings of the directors so held are deemed not to be improperly called or constituted by reason of notice not having been given to such director or alternate director.  Attendance of a director or alternate director at a meeting of directors is a waiver of notice of the meeting unless that director or alternate director attends the meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the grounds that the meeting is not lawfully called. 18.10****Quorum The quorum necessary for the transaction of the business of the directors may be set by the directors and, if not so set, is deemed to be set at a majority of directors or, if the number of directors is set at one, is deemed to be set at one director, and that director may constitute a meeting.


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18.11****Validity of Acts Where Appointment Defective Subject to the Business Corporations Act, an act of a director or officer is not invalid merely because of an irregularity in the election or appointment or a defect in the qualification of that director or officer. 18.12****Consent Resolutions in Writing

A resolution of the directors or of any committee of the directors may be passed without a meeting: (1)in all cases, if each of the directors entitled to vote on the resolution consents to it in writing; or

(2)in the case of a resolution to approve a contract or transaction in respect of which a director has disclosed that he or she has or may have a disclosable interest, if each of the other directors who have not made such a disclosure consents in writing to the resolution.

A consent in writing under this Article may be by signed document, fax, e-mail or any other method of transmitting legibly recorded messages. A consent in writing may be in two or more counterparts which together are deemed to constitute one consent in writing. A resolution of the directors or of any committee of the directors passed in accordance with this Article 18.12 is effective on the date stated in the consent in writing or on the latest date stated on any counterpart and is deemed to be a proceeding at a meeting of directors or of the committee of the directors and to be as valid and effective as if it had been passed at a meeting of the directors or of the committee of the directors that satisfies all the requirements of the Business Corporations Act and all the requirements of these Articles relating to meetings of the directors or of a committee of the directors. 19.EXECUTIVE AND OTHER COMMITTEES

19.1****Appointment and Powers of Executive Committee

The directors may, by resolution, appoint an executive committee consisting of the director or directors that they consider appropriate, and this committee has, during the intervals between meetings of the board of directors, all of the directors' powers, except: (1)the power to fill vacancies in the board of directors;

(2)the power to remove a director;

(3)the power to change the membership of, or fill vacancies in, any committee of the directors; and

(4)such other powers, if any, as may be set out in the resolution or any subsequent directors' resolution.

19.2****Appointment and Powers of Other Committees

The directors may, by resolution:


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(1)appoint one or more committees (other than the executive committee) consisting of the director or directors that they consider appropriate;

(2)delegate to a committee appointed under paragraph (1) any of the directors' powers, except:

(a)the power to fill vacancies in the board of directors;

(b)the power to remove a director;

(c)the power to change the membership of, or fill vacancies in, any committee of the directors; and

(d)the power to appoint or remove officers appointed by the directors; and

(3)make any delegation referred to in paragraph (2) subject to the conditions set out in the resolution or any subsequent directors' resolution.

19.3****Obligations of Committees

Any committee appointed under Articles 19.1 or 19.2, in the exercise of the powers delegated to it, must:

(1)conform to any rules that may from time to time be imposed on it by the directors; and

(2)report every act or thing done in exercise of those powers at such times and in such manner and form as the directors may require.

19.4****Powers of Board

The directors may, at any time, with respect to a committee appointed under Articles 19.1 or 19.2:

(1)revoke or alter the authority given to the committee, or override a decision made by the committee, except as to acts done before such revocation, alteration or overriding;

(2)terminate the appointment of, or change the membership of, the committee; and

(3)fill vacancies in the committee. 19.5****Committee Meetings Subject to Article 19.3(1) and unless the directors otherwise provide in the resolution appointing the committee or in any subsequent resolution, with respect to a committee appointed under Articles 19.1 or 19.2:

(1)the committee may meet and adjourn as it thinks proper;

(2)the committee may elect a chair of its meetings but, if no chair of a meeting is elected, or if at a meeting the chair of the meeting is not present within 15 minutes after the time set for


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holding the meeting, the directors present who are members of the committee may choose one of their number to chair the meeting;

(3)a majority of the members of the committee constitutes a quorum of the committee; and

(4)questions arising at any meeting of the committee are determined by a majority of votes of the members present, and in case of an equality of votes, the chair of the meeting does not have a second or casting vote. **20.**OFFICERS

20.1****Directors May Appoint Officers The directors may, from time to time, appoint such officers, if any, as the directors determine and the directors may, at any time, terminate any such appointment.

20.2****Functions, Duties and Powers of Officers

The directors may, for each officer:

(1)determine the functions and duties of the officer;

(2)entrust to and confer on the officer any of the powers exercisable by the directors on such terms and conditions and with such restrictions as the directors think fit; and

(3)revoke, withdraw, alter or vary all or any of the functions, duties and powers of the officer. 20.3****Qualifications No officer may be appointed unless that officer is qualified in accordance with the Business Corporations Act. One person may hold more than one position as an officer of the Company. Any person appointed as the chair of the board or as the managing director must be a director. Any other officer need not be a director.

20.4****Remuneration and Terms of Appointment

All appointments of officers are to be made on the terms and conditions and at the remuneration (whether by way of salary, fee, commission, participation in profits or otherwise) that the directors thinks fit and are subject to termination at the pleasure of the directors, and an officer may in addition to such remuneration be entitled to receive, after he or she ceases to hold such office or leaves the employment of the Company, a pension or gratuity. **21.**INDEMNIFICATION

21.1****Definitions In this Article 21:


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(1)"eligible penalty" means a judgment, penalty or fine awarded or imposed in, or an amount paid in settlement of, an eligible proceeding;

(2)"eligible proceeding" means a legal proceeding or investigative action, whether current, threatened, pending or completed, in which a director, former director or alternate director of the Company (an "eligible party") or any of the heirs and legal personal representatives of the eligible party, by reason of the eligible party being or having been a director or alternate director of the Company:

(a)is or may be joined as a party; or

(b)is or may be liable for or in respect of a judgment, penalty or fine in, or expenses related to, the proceeding;

(3)"expenses" has the meaning set out in the Business Corporations Act.

21.2****Mandatory Indemnification of Eligible Parties

Subject to the Business Corporations Act, the Company must indemnify a director, former director or alternate director of the Company and his or her heirs and legal personal representatives against all eligible penalties to which such person is or may be liable, and the Company must, after the final disposition of an eligible proceeding, pay the expenses actually and reasonably incurred by such person in respect of that proceeding. Each director and alternate director is deemed to have contracted with the Company on the terms of the indemnity contained in this Article 21.2. 21.3****Indemnification Subject to any restrictions in the Business Corporations Act and these Articles*,* the Company may indemnify any person. 21.4****Non-Compliance with Business Corporations Act The failure of a director, alternate director or officer of the Company to comply with the Business Corporations Act or these Articles or, if applicable, any former Companies Act or former Articles, does not invalidate any indemnity to which he or she is entitled under this Part. 21.5****Company May Purchase Insurance The Company may purchase and maintain insurance for the benefit of any person (or his or her heirs or legal personal representatives) who:

(1)is or was a director, alternate director, officer, employee or agent of the Company;

(2)is or was a director, alternate director, officer, employee or agent of a corporation at a time when the corporation is or was an affiliate of the Company;


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(3)at the request of the Company, is or was a director, alternate director, officer, employee or agent of a corporation or of a partnership, trust, joint venture or other unincorporated entity; or

(4)at the request of the Company, holds or held a position equivalent to that of a director, alternate director or officer of a partnership, trust, joint venture or other unincorporated entity;

against any liability incurred by him or her as such director, alternate director, officer, employee or agent or person who holds or held such equivalent position. **22.**DIVIDENDS

22.1****Payment of Dividends Subject to Special Rights The provisions of this Article 22 are subject to the rights, if any, of shareholders holding shares with special rights as to dividends. 22.2****Declaration of Dividends Subject to the Business Corporations Act, the directors may from time to time declare and authorize payment of such dividends as they may deem advisable.

22.3****No Notice Required

The directors need not give notice to any shareholder of any declaration under Article 22.2.

22.4****Record Date

The directors may set a date as the record date for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to receive payment of a dividend. The record date must not precede the date on which the dividend is to be paid by more than two months. If no record date is set, the record date is 5 p.m. on the date on which the directors pass the resolution declaring the dividend.

22.5****Manner of Paying Dividend

A resolution declaring a dividend may direct payment of the dividend wholly or partly in money or by the distribution of specific assets or of fully paid shares or of bonds, debentures or other securities of the Company or any other corporation, or in any one or more of those ways.

22.6****Settlement of Difficulties

If any difficulty arises in regard to a distribution under Article 22.5, the directors may settle the difficulty as they deem advisable, and, in particular, may:

(1)set the value for distribution of specific assets;


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(2)determine that money in substitution for all or any part of the specific assets to which any shareholders are entitled may be paid to any shareholders on the basis of the value so fixed in order to adjust the rights of all parties; and

(3)vest any such specific assets in trustees for the persons entitled to the dividend. 22.7****When Dividend Payable Any dividend may be made payable on such date as is fixed by the directors.

22.8****Dividends to be Paid in Accordance with Number of Shares

All dividends on shares of any class or series of shares must be declared and paid according to the number of such shares held. 22.9****Receipt by Joint Shareholders If several persons are joint shareholders of any share, any one of them may give an effective receipt for any dividend, bonus or other money payable in respect of the share. 22.10****Dividend Bears No Interest No dividend bears interest against the Company.

22.11****Fractional Dividends

If a dividend to which a shareholder is entitled includes a fraction of the smallest monetary unit of the currency of the dividend, that fraction may be disregarded in making payment of the dividend and that payment represents full payment of the dividend. 22.12****Payment of Dividends Any dividend or other distribution payable in money in respect of shares may be paid by cheque, made payable to the order of the person to whom it is sent, and mailed to the registered address of the shareholder, or in the case of joint shareholders, to the registered address of the joint shareholder who is first named on the central securities register, or to the person and to the address the shareholder or joint shareholders may direct in writing. The mailing of such cheque will, to the extent of the sum represented by the cheque (plus the amount of the tax required by law to be deducted), discharge all liability for the dividend unless such cheque is not paid on presentation or the amount of tax so deducted is not paid to the appropriate taxing authority.

22.13****Capitalization of Retained Earnings or Surplus

Notwithstanding anything contained in these Articles, the directors may from time to time  capitalize any retained earnings or surplus of the Company and may from time to time issue, as fully paid, shares or any bonds, debentures or other securities of the Company as a dividend representing the retained earnings or surplus so capitalized or any part thereof.


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23.A CCOUNTING R ECORDS AND **** A UDITORS

23.1****Recording of Financial Affairs The directors must cause adequate accounting records to be kept to record properly the financial affairs and condition of the Company and to comply with the Business Corporations Act.

23.2****Inspection of Accounting Records

Unless the directors determine otherwise, or unless otherwise determined by ordinary resolution, no shareholder of the Company is entitled to inspect or obtain a copy of any accounting records of the Company.

23.3****Remuneration of Auditors

The directors may set the remuneration of the auditors.  If the directors so decide, the remuneration of the auditors will be determined by the shareholders. **24.**NOTICES

24.1****Method of Giving Notice Unless the Business Corporations Act or these Articles provides otherwise, a notice, statement, report or other record (for the purposes of this Article 24, a "record") required or permitted by the Business Corporations Act or these Articles to be sent by or to a person may be sent by any one of the following methods:

(1)mail addressed to the person at the applicable address for that person as follows:

(a)for a record mailed to a shareholder, the shareholder's registered address;

(b)for a record mailed to a director or officer, the prescribed address for mailing shown for the director or officer in the records kept by the Company or the mailing address provided by the recipient for the sending of that record or records of that class; or

(c)in any other case, the mailing address of the intended recipient;

(2)delivery at the applicable address for that person as follows, addressed to the person:

(a)for a record delivered to a shareholder, the shareholder's registered address;

(b)for a record delivered to a director or officer, the prescribed address for delivery shown for the director or officer in the records kept by the Company or the delivery address provided by the recipient for the sending of that record or records of that class; or

(c)in any other case, the delivery address of the intended recipient;


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(3)sending the record by fax to the fax number provided by the intended recipient for the sending of that record or records of that class;

(4)sending the record by email to the email address provided by the intended recipient for the sending of that record or records of that class;

(5)making the record available for public electronic access in accordance with the procedures referred to as "notice-and-access" under National Instrument 54-101 and National Instrument 51-102, as applicable, of the Canadian Securities Administrators, or in accordance with any similar electronic delivery or access method permitted by applicable securities legislation from time to time; or

(6)physical delivery to the intended recipient.

24.2****Deemed Receipt

A notice, statement, report or other record that is:

(1)mailed to a person by ordinary mail to the applicable address for that person referred to in Article 24.1 is deemed to be received by the person to whom it was mailed on the day (Saturdays, Sundays and holidays excepted) following the date of mailing;

(2)faxed to a person to the fax number provided by that person referred to in Article 24.1 is deemed to be received by the person to whom it was faxed on the day it was faxed;

(3)e-mailed to a person to the e-mail address provided by that person referred to in Article 24.1 is deemed to be received by the person to whom it was e-mailed on the date it was e-mailed; and

(4)made available for public electronic access in accordance with the "notice-and-access" or similar delivery procedures referred to in Article 24.1(5) is deemed to be received by a person on the date it was made available for public electronic access.

24.3****Certificate of Sending

A certificate signed by the secretary, if any, or other officer of the Company or of any other corporation acting in that capacity on behalf of the Company stating that a notice, statement, report or other record was sent in accordance with Article 24.1 is conclusive evidence of that fact. 24.4****Notice to Joint Shareholders A notice, statement, report or other record may be provided by the Company to the joint shareholders of a share by providing such record to the joint shareholder first named in the central securities register in respect of the share.


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24.5****Notice to Legal Personal Representatives and Trustees A notice, statement, report or other record may be provided by the Company to the persons entitled to a share in consequence of the death, bankruptcy or incapacity of a shareholder by:

(1)mailing the record, addressed to them:

(a)by name, by the title of the legal personal representative of the deceased or incapacitated shareholder, by the title of trustee of the bankrupt shareholder or by any similar description; and

(b)at the address, if any, supplied to the Company for that purpose by the persons claiming to be so entitled; or

(2)if an address referred to in paragraph (1)(b) has not been supplied to the Company, by giving the notice in a manner in which it might have been given if the death, bankruptcy or incapacity had not occurred.

24.6****Undelivered Notices

If on two consecutive occasions, a notice, statement, report or other record is sent to a shareholder pursuant to Article 24.1 and on each of those occasions any such record is returned because the shareholder cannot be located, the Company shall not be required to send any further records to the shareholder until the shareholder informs the Company in writing of his or her new address. **25.**SEAL

25.1****Who May Attest Seal Except as provided in Articles 25.2 and 25.3, the Company's seal, if any, must not be impressed on any record except when that impression is attested by the signatures of:

(1)any two directors;

(2)any officer, together with any director;

(3)if the Company only has one director, that director; or

(4)any one or more directors or officers or persons as may be determined by the directors.

25.2****Sealing Copies

For the purpose of certifying under seal a certificate of incumbency of the directors or officers of the Company or a true copy of any resolution or other document, despite Article 25.1, the impression of the seal may be attested by the signature of any director or officer or the signature of any other person as may be determined by the directors.


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25.3****Mechanical Reproduction of Seal

The directors may authorize the seal to be impressed by third parties on share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities of the Company as they may determine appropriate from time to time. To enable the seal to be impressed on any share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities of the Company, whether in definitive or interim form, on which facsimiles of any of the signatures of the directors or officers of the Company are, in accordance with the Business Corporations Act or these Articles, printed or otherwise mechanically reproduced, there may be delivered to the person employed to engrave, lithograph or print such definitive or interim share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities one or more unmounted dies reproducing the seal and such persons as are authorized under Article 25.1 to attest the Company's seal may in writing authorize such person to cause the seal to be impressed on such definitive or interim share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities by the use of such dies. Share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities to which the seal has been so impressed are for all purposes deemed to be under and to bear the seal impressed on them. 26.PROHIBITIONS 26.1****Definitions

In this Article 26:

(1)"designated security" means:

(a)a voting security of the Company;

(b)a security of the Company that is not a debt security and that carries a residual right to participate in the earnings of the Company or, on the liquidation or winding up of the Company, in its assets; or

(c)a security of the Company convertible, directly or indirectly, into a security described in paragraph (a) or (b);

(2)"security" has the meaning assigned in the Securities Act (British Columbia);

(3)"voting security" means a security of the Company that:

(a)is not a debt security, and

(b)carries a voting right either under all circumstances or under some circumstances that have occurred and are continuing.

26.2****Application

Article 26.3 does not apply to the Company if and for so long as it is a public company or a pre-existing reporting company which has the Statutory Reporting Company Provisions as part of its Articles or to which the Statutory Reporting Company Provisions apply.


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26.3****Consent Required for Transfer of Shares or Designated Securities No share or designated security may be sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of without the consent of the directors and the directors are not required to give any reason for refusing to consent to any such sale, transfer or other disposition. Section 302 Certification CEO

CERTIFICATIONS

I, Paul W. Kuhn, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Avrupa Minerals Ltd.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Company and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principals;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:  May 25, 2021

/s/  “Paul W. Kuhn”

Paul W. Kuhn

President and CEO

Section 302 Certification CEO

CERTIFICATIONS

I, Winnie Wong, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Avrupa Minerals Ltd.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Company and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principals;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:  May 25, 2021

/s/  “Winnie Wong”

Winnie Wong,

Chief Financial Officer

Section 906 Certification CEO

CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906

OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Paul W. Kuhn, Chief Executive Officer of Avrupa Minerals Ltd. (the “Company”) do hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge:

  1. This Annual Report on Form 20-F of the Company for the period ended December 31, 2020, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “report”), fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

  2. The information contained in the report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: May 25, 2021

/s/  “Paul W. Kuhn”

Paul W. Kuhn,

President and Chief Executive Officer

Section 906 Certification CFO

CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906

OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Winnie Wong, Chief Financial Officer of Avrupa Minerals Ltd. (the “Company”) do hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge:

  1. This Annual Report on Form 20-F of the Company for the period ended December 31, 2020, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “report”), fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

  2. The information contained in the report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: May 25, 2021

/s/  “Winnie Wong”

Winnie Wong,

Chief Financial Officer