Equibles

10-Q

Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. (BNL)

10-Q 2023-11-02 For: 2023-09-30
View Original
Added on April 09, 2026

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023, or

☐ Transition report pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Commission File Number 001-39529

BROADSTONE NET LEASE, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Maryland 26-1516177
(State or other jurisdiction of<br>incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer<br>Identification No.)
207 High Point Drive<br><br>Suite 300<br><br>Victor, New York 14564
--- ---
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(585) 287-6500

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class Trading<br><br>Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.00025 par value BNL The New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☒ Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☐
Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

There were 187,256,978 shares of the Registrants’ Common Stock, $0.00025 par value per share, outstanding as of October 30, 2023.

BROADSTONE NET LEASE, INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
Part I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION 1
Item 1. Financial Statements 1
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) 1
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) 2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited) 3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) 5
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) 6
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 25
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements 25
Regulation FD Disclosures 25
Explanatory Note and Certain Defined Terms 26
Overview 26
Real Estate Portfolio Information 27
Results of Operations 34
Liquidity and Capital Resources 38
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities 41
Cash Flows 41
Non-GAAP Measures 42
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates 45
Impact of Recent Accounting Pronouncements 45
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 46
Item 4. Controls and Procedures 46
Part II - OTHER INFORMATION 47
Item 1. Legal Proceedings 47
Item 1A. Risk Factors 47
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds 47
Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities 47
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 47
Item 5. Other Information 47
Item 6. Exhibits 48

Item 1. Financial Statements

Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

December 31,<br>2022
Assets
Accounted for using the operating method:
Land 752,708 $ 768,667
Land improvements 330,214 340,385
Buildings and improvements 3,819,745 3,888,756
Equipment 9,608 10,422
Total accounted for using the operating method 4,912,275 5,008,230
Less accumulated depreciation (601,895 ) (533,965 )
Accounted for using the operating method, net 4,310,380 4,474,265
Accounted for using the direct financing method 26,751 27,045
Accounted for using the sales-type method 572 571
Property under development 49,819 —
Investment in rental property, net 4,387,522 4,501,881
Cash and cash equivalents 35,061 21,789
Accrued rental income 152,268 135,666
Tenant and other receivables, net 1,372 1,349
Prepaid expenses and other assets 42,309 64,180
Interest rate swap, assets 79,086 63,390
Goodwill 339,769 339,769
Intangible lease assets, net 297,656 329,585
Total assets 5,335,043 $ 5,457,609
Liabilities and equity
Unsecured revolving credit facility 74,060 $ 197,322
Mortgages, net 79,613 86,602
Unsecured term loans, net 895,633 894,692
Senior unsecured notes, net 845,121 844,555
Accounts payable and other liabilities 44,886 47,547
Dividends payable 55,770 54,460
Accrued interest payable 9,186 7,071
Intangible lease liabilities, net 55,301 62,855
Total liabilities 2,059,570 2,195,104
Commitments and contingencies (See Note 16)
Equity
Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, 0.001 par value; 20,000 shares authorized, no shares issued or outstanding — —
Common stock, 0.00025 par value; 500,000 shares authorized, 187,272 and 186,114 shares issued    and outstanding at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively 47 47
Additional paid-in capital 3,430,725 3,419,395
Cumulative distributions in excess of retained earnings (393,571 ) (386,049 )
Accumulated other comprehensive income 83,575 59,525
Total Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. stockholders' equity 3,120,776 3,092,918
Non-controlling interests 154,697 169,587
Total equity 3,275,473 3,262,505
Total liabilities and equity 5,335,043 $ 5,457,609

All values are in US Dollars.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

For the Three Months Ended <br>September 30, For the Nine Months Ended <br>September 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
Revenues
Lease revenues, net $ 109,543 $ 103,524 $ 337,887 $ 295,378
Operating expenses
Depreciation and amortization 38,533 39,400 119,348 109,201
Property and operating expense 5,707 5,636 16,580 15,376
General and administrative 10,143 9,942 30,043 28,058
Provision for impairment of investment in rental properties — 4,155 1,473 5,535
Total operating expenses 54,383 59,133 167,444 158,170
Other income (expenses)
Interest income 127 4 370 4
Interest expense (19,665 ) (20,095 ) (61,081 ) (54,879 )
Gain on sale of real estate 15,163 61 48,040 5,328
Income taxes (104 ) (356 ) (1,030 ) (1,169 )
Other income (expenses) 1,464 4,704 (227 ) 6,210
Net income 52,145 28,709 156,515 92,702
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests (2,463 ) (1,600 ) (7,515 ) (5,319 )
Net income attributable to Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. $ 49,682 $ 27,109 $ 149,000 $ 87,383
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
Basic 186,766 172,578 186,545 168,680
Diluted 196,372 182,971 196,282 179,132
Net earnings per share attributable to common stockholders
Basic $ 0.27 $ 0.16 $ 0.80 $ 0.52
Diluted $ 0.26 $ 0.16 $ 0.80 $ 0.52
Comprehensive income
Net income $ 52,145 $ 28,709 $ 156,515 $ 92,702
Other comprehensive income
Change in fair value of interest rate swaps 13,943 40,039 15,696 93,772
Realized loss on interest rate swaps 522 639 1,566 1,993
Comprehensive income 66,610 69,387 173,777 188,467
Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests (3,147 ) (3,868 ) (8,285 ) (10,809 )
Comprehensive income attributable to Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. $ 63,463 $ 65,519 $ 165,492 $ 177,658

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Additional<br>Paid-in<br>Capital Cumulative<br>Distributions<br>in Excess of<br>Retained Earnings Accumulated<br>Other<br>Comprehensive<br>Income Non-<br>controlling<br>Interests Total<br>Stockholders'<br>Equity
Balance, January 1, 2023 47 $ 3,419,395 $ (386,049 ) $ 59,525 $ 169,587 $ 3,262,505
Net income — — 39,304 — 2,070 41,374
Issuance of 259 shares of common stock under equity incentive plan — — — — — —
Offering costs, discounts, and commissions — (2 ) — — — (2 )
Stock-based compensation, net of zero shares of restricted stock forfeited — 1,879 — — — 1,879
Retirement of 66 shares of common stock under equity incentive plan — (1,175 ) — — — (1,175 )
Conversion of 896 OP units to 896 shares of common stock — 14,897 — — (14,897 ) —
Distributions declared (0.275 per share and OP Unit) — — (52,145 ) — (2,742 ) (54,887 )
Change in fair value of interest rate swap agreements — — — (17,003 ) (896 ) (17,899 )
Realized loss on interest rate swap agreements — — — 496 26 522
Adjustment to non-controlling interests — (460 ) — 498 (38 ) —
Balance, March 31, 2023 47 $ 3,434,534 $ (398,890 ) $ 43,516 $ 153,110 $ 3,232,317
Net income — — 60,014 — 2,982 62,996
Issuance of 51 shares of common stock under equity incentive plan — — — — — —
Offering costs, discounts, and commissions — (10 ) — — — (10 )
Stock-based compensation, net of six shares of restricted stock forfeited — 1,539 — — — 1,539
Conversion of 25 OP units to 25 shares of common stock — 398 — — (398 ) —
Distributions declared (0.280 per share and OP Unit) — — (52,755 ) — (2,664 ) (55,419 )
Change in fair value of interest rate swap agreements — — — 18,722 930 19,652
Realized loss on interest rate swap agreements — — — 496 26 522
Adjustment to non-controlling interests — (5,769 ) — 5,694 75 —
Balance, June 30, 2023 47 $ 3,430,692 $ (391,631 ) $ 68,428 $ 154,061 $ 3,261,597
Net income — — 49,682 — 2,463 52,145
Stock-based compensation, net of two shares of restricted stock forfeited — 1,540 — — — 1,540
Conversion of one OP unit to one share of common stock — 21 — — (21 ) —
Distributions declared (0.280 per share and OP Unit) — — (51,622 ) — (2,652 ) (54,274 )
Change in fair value of interest rate swap agreements — — — 13,284 659 13,943
Realized loss on interest rate swap agreements — — — 497 25 522
Adjustment to non-controlling interests — (1,528 ) — 1,366 162 —
Balance, September 30, 2023 47 $ 3,430,725 $ (393,571 ) $ 83,575 $ 154,697 $ 3,275,473

All values are in US Dollars.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity - Continued

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Additional<br>Paid-in<br>Capital Cumulative<br>Distributions<br>in Excess of<br>Retained Earnings Accumulated<br>Other<br>Comprehensive<br> Income Non-<br>controlling<br>Interests Total<br>Stockholders'<br>Equity
Balance, January 1, 2022 41 $ 2,924,168 $ (318,476 ) $ (28,441 ) $ 163,846 $ 2,741,138
Net income — — 26,758 — 1,683 28,441
Issuance of 6,427 shares of common stock 1 136,825 — — — 136,826
Offering costs, discounts, and commissions — (2,218 ) — — — (2,218 )
Stock-based compensation, net of one share of restricted stock forfeited — 929 — — — 929
Retirement of 59 shares of common stock — (1,301 ) — — — (1,301 )
Distributions declared (0.265 per share and OP Unit) — — (45,270 ) — (2,845 ) (48,115 )
Change in fair value of interest rate swap agreements — — — 32,893 2,068 34,961
Realized loss on interest rate swap agreements — — — 620 39 659
Adjustment to non-controlling interests — (1,843 ) — (45 ) 1,888 —
Balance, March 31, 2022 42 $ 3,056,560 $ (336,988 ) $ 5,027 $ 166,679 $ 2,891,320
Net income — — 33,516 — 2,036 35,552
Issuance of 3,281 shares of common stock 1 69,420 — — — 69,421
Offering costs, discounts, and commissions — (992 ) — — — (992 )
Stock-based compensation, net of eight shares of restricted stock forfeited — 1,381 — — — 1,381
Distributions declared (0.270 per share and OP Unit) — — (46,655 ) — (2,852 ) (49,507 )
Change in fair value of interest rate swap agreements — — — 17,697 1,075 18,772
Realized loss on interest rate swap agreements — — — 655 40 695
Adjustment to non-controlling interests — (992 ) — 18 974 —
Balance, June 30, 2022 43 $ 3,125,377 $ (350,127 ) $ 23,397 $ 167,952 $ 2,966,642
Net income — — 27,109 — 1,600 28,709
Issuance of 975 shares of common stock — 20,626 — — — 20,626
Offering costs, discounts, and commissions — (935 ) — — — (935 )
Stock-based compensation, net of one share of restricted stock forfeited — 1,503 — — — 1,503
Conversion of 118 OP units to 118 shares of common stock — 1,926 — — (1,926 ) —
Distributions declared (0.270 per share and OP Unit) — — (46,242 ) — (2,834 ) (49,076 )
Change in fair value of interest rate swap agreements — — — 37,807 2,232 40,039
Realized loss on interest rate swap agreements — — — 603 36 639
Adjustment to non-controlling interests — (422 ) — 27 395 —
Balance, September 30, 2022 43 $ 3,148,075 $ (369,260 ) $ 61,834 $ 167,455 $ 3,008,147

All values are in US Dollars.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)
2022
Operating activities
Net income 156,515 $ 92,702
Adjustments to reconcile net income including non-controlling interests to net cash provided by   operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization including intangibles associated with investment in rental property 114,517 105,700
Provision for impairment of investment in rental properties 1,473 5,535
Amortization of debt issuance costs and original issuance discount charged to interest expense 2,877 2,626
Stock-based compensation expense 4,958 3,813
Straight-line rent, direct financing and sales-type lease adjustments (21,035 ) (13,665 )
Gain on sale of real estate (48,040 ) (5,328 )
Other non-cash items (24 ) (3,140 )
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Tenant and other receivables 897 1,029
Prepaid expenses and other assets (70 ) (955 )
Accounts payable and other liabilities (3,691 ) 3,071
Accrued interest payable 2,115 4,086
Net cash provided by operating activities 210,492 195,474
Investing activities
Acquisition of rental property (26,163 ) (583,989 )
Investment in property under development including capitalized interest of 768 and 0 in 2023 and 2022, respectively (49,820 ) —
Capital expenditures and improvements (29,455 ) (19,171 )
Proceeds from disposition of rental property, net 179,187 18,020
Change in deposits on investments in rental property 125 (18 )
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 73,874 (585,158 )
Financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of 180 and 3,654 offering    costs, discounts, and commissions in 2023 and 2022, respectively (180 ) 222,829
Borrowings on unsecured term loans — 500,000
Principal payments on mortgages and unsecured term loans (6,950 ) (252,086 )
Borrowings on unsecured revolving credit facility 162,000 641,283
Repayments on unsecured revolving credit facility (285,500 ) (518,000 )
Cash distributions paid to stockholders (155,013 ) (134,227 )
Cash distributions paid to non-controlling interests (8,266 ) (8,513 )
Debt issuance and extinguishment costs paid — (7,010 )
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities (293,909 ) 444,276
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash (9,543 ) 54,592
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period 60,040 27,769
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period 50,497 $ 82,361
Reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 21,789 $ 21,669
Restricted cash at beginning of period 38,251 6,100
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period 60,040 $ 27,769
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 35,061 $ 75,912
Restricted cash at end of period 15,436 6,449
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period 50,497 $ 82,361

All values are in US Dollars.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

1. Business Description

Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. (the “Corporation”) is a Maryland corporation formed on October 18, 2007, that elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) commencing with the taxable year ended December 31, 2008. Broadstone Net Lease, LLC (the Corporation’s operating company, or the “OP”), is the entity through which the Corporation conducts its business and owns (either directly or through subsidiaries) all of the Corporation’s properties. The Corporation is the sole managing member of the OP. The membership units not owned by the Corporation are referred to as OP Units or non-controlling interests. As the Corporation conducts substantially all of its operations through the OP, it is structured as what is referred to as an umbrella partnership real estate investment trust (“UPREIT”). The Corporation, the OP, and its consolidated subsidiaries are collectively referred to as the “Company.” The Corporation’s common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “BNL”.

The Company is an industrial-focused, diversified net lease REIT that focuses on investing in income-producing, single-tenant net leased commercial properties, primarily in the United States. The Company leases industrial, healthcare, restaurant, retail, and office commercial properties under long-term lease agreements. At September 30, 2023, the Company owned a diversified portfolio of 800 individual commercial properties with 793 properties located in 44 U.S. states and seven properties located in four Canadian provinces.

The following table summarizes the outstanding equity and economic ownership interest of the Company:

September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
(in thousands) Shares of <br>Common Stock OP Units Total Diluted<br>Shares Shares of <br>Common Stock OP Units Total Diluted<br>Shares
Ownership interest 187,272 9,283 196,555 186,114 10,205 196,319
Percent ownership of OP 95.3 % 4.7 % 100.0 % 94.8 % 5.2 % 100.0 %

Refer to Note 14 for further discussion regarding the calculation of weighted average shares outstanding.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Interim Information

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information (Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 270, Interim Reporting) and Article 10 of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) Regulation S-X. Accordingly, the Company has omitted certain footnote disclosures which would substantially duplicate those contained within the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022, included in the Company’s 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on February 23, 2023. Therefore, the readers of this quarterly report should refer to those audited consolidated financial statements, specifically Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, for further discussion of significant accounting policies and estimates. The Company believes all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation have been included in these interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (which include only normal recurring adjustments).

Principles of Consolidation

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts and operations of the Company. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

To the extent the Corporation has a variable interest in entities that are not evaluated under the variable interest entity (“VIE”) model, the Corporation evaluates its interests using the voting interest entity model. The Corporation has complete responsibility for the day-to-day management of, authority to make decisions for, and control of the OP. Based on consolidation guidance, the Corporation has concluded that the OP is a VIE as the members in the OP do not possess kick-out rights or substantive participating rights. Accordingly, the Corporation consolidates its interest in the OP. However, because the Corporation holds the majority voting interest in the OP and certain other conditions are met, it qualifies for the exemption from providing certain disclosure requirements associated with investments in VIEs.

The portion of the OP not owned by the Corporation is presented as non-controlling interests as of and during the periods presented.

Basis of Accounting

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant estimates include, but are not limited to, the allocation of purchase price between tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, the fair value of long-lived assets and goodwill utilized in impairment assessments, the depreciable lives of rental property, the amortizable lives of intangible assets and liabilities, the probability of collecting outstanding and future lease payments, and the fair value of the Company’s interest rate swap agreements. Accordingly, actual results may differ from those estimates.

Investment in Property Under Development

Land acquired for development and construction and improvement costs incurred in connection with the development of new properties are capitalized and recorded as Property under development on the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets until construction has been completed. Such capitalized costs include all direct and indirect costs related to planning, development, and construction, including interest, real estate taxes, and other miscellaneous costs incurred during the construction period. Once completed, the property under development is placed in service and depreciation commences. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company funded $49.8 million of costs related to two properties under development, inclusive of $0.8 million of capitalized interest.

7

Long-lived Asset Impairment

The Company reviews long-lived assets to be held and used for possible impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. If, and when, such events or changes in circumstances are present, an impairment exists to the extent the carrying value of the long-lived asset or asset group exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the long-lived asset or asset group and its eventual disposition. Such cash flows include expected future operating income, as adjusted for trends and prospects, as well as the effects of demand, competition, and other factors. An impairment loss is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the long-lived asset or asset group exceeds its fair value. Significant judgment is made to determine if and when impairment should be taken. The Company’s assessment of impairment as of September 30, 2023 and 2022 was based on the most current information available to the Company. Certain of the Company’s properties may have fair values less than their carrying amounts. However, based on the Company’s plans with respect to each of those properties, the Company believes that their carrying amounts are recoverable and therefore, no impairment charges were recognized other than those described below. If the operating conditions mentioned above deteriorate or if the Company’s expected holding period for assets changes, subsequent tests for impairments could result in additional impairment charges in the future.

Inputs used in establishing fair value for impaired real estate assets generally fall within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, which are characterized as requiring significant judgment as little or no current market activity may be available for validation. The main indicator used to establish the classification of the inputs is current market conditions, as derived through the use of published commercial real estate market information. The Company determines the valuation of impaired assets using generally accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis, income capitalization, analysis of recent comparable sales transactions, actual sales negotiations, and bona fide purchase offers received from third parties. Management may consider a single valuation technique or multiple valuation techniques, as appropriate, when estimating the fair value of its real estate.

The following table summarizes the Company’s impairment charge, resulting primarily from changes in the Company’s long-term hold strategy, with respect to the individual property:

For the Three Months Ended <br>September 30, For the Nine Months Ended <br>September 30,
(in thousands, except number of properties) 2023 2022 2023 2022
Number of properties — 2 1 3
Impairment charge $ — $ 4,155 $ 1,473 $ 5,535

As of September 30, 2023, events and circumstances resulted in the identification of an impairment indicator at a healthcare asset, which has a carrying value of $55.3 million. Based upon management’s planned holding period and estimated undiscounted cash flows the carrying value was deemed recoverable as of September 30, 2023. It is reasonably possible that the holding period and estimate of undiscounted cash flows may change in the near term resulting in the need to recognize impairment, which may be material.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash generally includes escrow funds the Company maintains pursuant to the terms of certain mortgages, lease agreements, and proceeds from the sale of properties under Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and is reported within Prepaid expenses and other assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Restricted cash consisted of the following:

September 30, December 31,
(in thousands) 2023 2022
Escrow funds and other $ 1,249 $ 4,812
1031 exchange proceeds 14,187 33,439
$ 15,436 $ 38,251

Rent Received in Advance

Rent received in advance represents tenant rent payments received prior to the contractual due date, and is included in Accounts payable and other liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Rent received in advance consisted of the following:

(in thousands) September 30,<br>2023 December 31,<br>2022
Rent received in advance $ 19,168 $ 18,783

8

Fair Value Measurements

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The balances of financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows (see Note 9):

September 30, 2023
(in thousands) Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Interest rate swap, assets $ 79,086 $ — $ 79,086 $ —
December 31, 2022
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
(in thousands) Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Interest rate swap, assets $ 63,390 $ — $ 63,390 $ —

Long-term Debt – The fair value of the Company’s debt was estimated using Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 inputs based on recent secondary market trades of the Company’s 2031 Senior Unsecured Public Notes (see Note 7), recent financing transactions, estimates of the fair value of the property that serves as collateral for such debt, recent market risk premiums for loans of comparable quality, applicable London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), Canadian Dollar Offered Rate (“CDOR”), U.S. Treasury obligation interest rates, and discounted estimated future cash payments to be made on such debt. The discount rates estimated reflect the Company’s judgment as to the approximate current lending rates for loans or groups of loans with similar maturities and assumes that the debt is outstanding through maturity. Market information, as available, or present value techniques were utilized to estimate the amounts required to be disclosed. Since such amounts are estimates that are based on limited available market information for similar transactions and do not acknowledge transfer or other repayment restrictions that may exist on specific loans, it is unlikely that the estimated fair value of any such debt could be realized by immediate settlement of the obligation.

The following table summarizes the carrying amount reported on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and the Company’s estimate of the fair value of the unsecured revolving credit facility, mortgages, unsecured term loans, and senior unsecured notes which reflects the fair value of interest rate swaps:

(in thousands) September 30,<br>2023 December 31,<br>2022
Carrying amount $ 1,903,787 $ 2,034,076
Fair value 1,668,659 1,841,381

Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements

The Company’s non-recurring fair value measurements at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 consisted of the fair value of impaired real estate assets that were determined using Level 3 inputs.

Reclassifications

The Company reclassified Debt issuance costs – unsecured revolving credit facility, net of $6.0 million and Leasing fees, net of $8.5 million to Prepaid expenses and other assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2022, to conform with the current period presentation. Additionally, the Company reclassified $0.2 million of Cost of debt extinguishment to Other income (expenses) on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and to Other non-cash items on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

3. Acquisitions of Rental Property

The Company closed on the following acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2023:

(in thousands, except number of properties) Number of Real Estate
Date Property Type Properties Acquisition Price
March 14, 2023 Retail 1 $ 5,221
May 16, 2023 Industrial 2 10,432
May 22, 2023 Industrial 1 17,300 (a)
May 25, 2023 Industrial 1 9,952
July 11, 2023 Restaurant 1 460 (b)
6 $ 43,365 (c)

(a) Acquisition of land to be developed in connection with a $204.8 million build-to-suit transaction expected to fund in multiple draws through October 2024 (see Note 2).

(b) Acquisition of land to be developed in connection with a $1.7 million build-to-suit transaction expected to fund in multiple draws through October 2023 (see Note 2).

(c) Acquisition price excludes capitalized acquisition costs of $3.2 million.

The Company closed on the following acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2022:

(in thousands, except number of properties) Number of Real Estate
Date Property Type Properties Acquisition Price
January 7, 2022 Retail 2 $ 2,573
February 10, 2022 Industrial 1 21,733
February 15, 2022 Retail 1 1,341
February 28, 2022 Industrial 1 5,678
March 4, 2022 Retail 6 79,061
March 31, 2022 Restaurant 16 99,587
April 12, 2022 Retail 1 1,680
April 12, 2022 Industrial 1 7,522
April 13, 2022 Industrial 1 16,250
April 19, 2022 Retail 1 1,780
May 16, 2022 Retail 1 2,264
June 7, 2022 Retail 1 11,510
June 13, 2022 Retail 1 1,638
June 15, 2022 Retail 1 1,884
June 21, 2022 Industrial 5 78,500
June 29, 2022 Healthcare 1 12,467
June 30, 2022 Industrial 1 29,500
July 1, 2022 Retail 2 3,052
July 7, 2022 Retail 1 2,171
July 8, 2022 Industrial 11 75,000
August 25, 2022 Healthcare 1 9,219
August 26, 2022 Industrial 4 44,000
September 6, 2022 Retail 1 1,411
September 28, 2022 Industrial 4 56,250
September 29, 2022 Restaurant 3 12,823
69 $ 578,894 (d)

(d) Acquisition price excludes capitalized acquisition costs of $5.2 million.

10

The Company allocated the purchase price of these properties to the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The following table summarizes the purchase price allocation for completed real estate acquisitions:

For the Nine Months Ended <br>September 30,
(in thousands) 2023 2022
Land $ 2,461 $ 101,278
Land improvements 2,694 37,578
Buildings and improvements 18,820 406,994
Property under development 20,315 —
Acquired in-place leases (e) 2,400 46,348
Acquired below-market leases (f) (166 ) (76 )
Non-real estate liabilities assumed — (8,051 )
$ 46,524 $ 584,071 (g)

(e) The weighted average amortization period for acquired in-place leases is 15 years and 20 years for acquisitions completed during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

(f) The weighted average amortization period for the acquired below-market leases is 20 years and nine years for acquisitions completed during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

(g) Excludes a $17.4 million building expansion agreed to as a forward commitment in connection with a prior acquisition.

The above acquisitions were funded using a combination of available cash on hand and unsecured revolving credit facility borrowings. All real estate acquisitions closed during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, qualified as asset acquisitions and as such, acquisition costs have been capitalized.

4. Sale of Real Estate

The Company closed on the following sales of real estate, none of which qualified as discontinued operations:

For the Three Months Ended <br>September 30, For the Nine Months Ended <br>September 30,
(in thousands, except number of properties) 2023 2022 2023 2022
Number of properties disposed 2 1 9 5
Aggregate sale price $ 62,300 $ 1,727 $ 183,564 (a) $ 18,828
Aggregate carrying value (45,770 ) (1,557 ) (131,146 ) (12,692 )
Additional sales expenses (1,367 ) (109 ) (4,378 ) (808 )
Gain on sale of real estate $ 15,163 $ 61 $ 48,040 $ 5,328

(a) The nine months ended September 30, 2023 includes $32.0 million of proceeds from the sale of an underlying office property which was executed simultaneously with a lease termination in exchange for a fee of $7.5 million.

5. Investment in Rental Property and Lease Arrangements

The Company generally leases its investment rental property to established tenants in the industrial, healthcare, restaurant, retail, and office property types. At September 30, 2023, the Company had 800 real estate properties, 788 of which were leased under leases that have been classified as operating leases, nine that have been classified as direct financing leases, one that has been classified as a sales-type lease, and two that were vacant. Of the nine leases classified as direct financing leases, three include land portions which are accounted for as operating leases. The sales-type lease includes a land portion which is accounted for as an operating lease. Most leases have initial terms of 10 to 20 years. The Company’s leases generally provide for limited increases in rent as a result of fixed increases, increases in the Consumer Price Index (“CPI”), or increases in the tenant’s sales volume. Generally, tenants are also required to pay all property taxes and assessments, substantially maintain the interior and exterior of the building, and maintain property and liability insurance coverage. The leases also typically provide for one or more multiple-year renewal options, at the election of the tenant, and are subject to generally the same terms and conditions as the initial lease.

Investment in Rental Property – Accounted for Using the Operating Method

Depreciation expense on investment in rental property was as follows:

For the Three Months Ended <br>September 30, For the Nine Months Ended <br>September 30,
(in thousands) 2023 2022 2023 2022
Depreciation $ 30,630 $ 29,142 $ 92,776 $ 83,530

Estimated lease payments to be received under non-cancelable operating leases with tenants at September 30, 2023 are as follows:

(in thousands)
Remainder of 2023 $ 96,469
2024 406,090
2025 441,172
2026 437,506
2027 421,627
Thereafter 3,834,638
$ 5,637,502

Since lease renewal periods are exercisable at the option of the tenant, the above amounts only include future lease payments due during the initial lease terms. Such amounts exclude any potential variable rent increases that are based on changes in the CPI or future variable rents which may be received under the leases based on a percentage of the tenant’s gross sales. Additionally, certain of our leases provide tenants with the option to terminate their leases in exchange for termination penalties, or that are contingent upon the occurrence of a future event. Future lease payments within the table above have not been adjusted for these termination rights.

12

Investment in Rental Property – Direct Financing Leases

The Company’s net investment in direct financing leases was comprised of the following:

(in thousands) September 30,<br>2023 December 31,<br>2022
Undiscounted estimated lease payments to be received $ 35,934 $ 38,268
Estimated unguaranteed residual values 14,547 14,547
Unearned revenue (23,615 ) (25,645 )
Reserve for credit losses (115 ) (125 )
Net investment in direct financing leases $ 26,751 $ 27,045

Undiscounted estimated lease payments to be received under non-cancelable direct financing leases with tenants at September 30, 2023 are as follows:

(in thousands)
Remainder of 2023 $ 780
2024 3,171
2025 3,285
2026 3,357
2027 3,426
Thereafter 21,915
$ 35,934

The above rental receipts do not include future lease payments for renewal periods, potential variable CPI rent increases, or variable percentage rent payments that may become due in future periods.

The following table summarizes amounts reported as Lease revenues, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income:

For the Three Months Ended <br>September 30, For the Nine Months Ended <br>September 30,
(in thousands) 2023 2022 2023 2022
Contractual rental amounts billed for operating leases $ 96,333 $ 91,208 $ 290,891 $ 263,109
Adjustment to recognize contractual operating lease billings on a <br>   straight-line basis 6,891 5,344 21,641 15,455
Net write-offs of accrued rental income — — (105 ) (1,326 )
Variable rental amounts earned 513 309 1,306 786
Earned income from direct financing leases 687 719 2,067 2,163
Interest income from sales-type leases 14 14 43 43
Operating expenses billed to tenants 5,181 5,061 14,850 14,059
Other income from real estate transactions 19 874 7,414 (a) 1,050
Adjustment to revenue recognized for uncollectible rental <br>   amounts billed, net (95 ) (5 ) (220 ) 39
Total lease revenues, net $ 109,543 $ 103,524 $ 337,887 $ 295,378

(a) The nine months ended September 30, 2023, includes $7.5 million of lease termination fee income recognized in connection with the simultaneous lease termination and sale of an underlying office property for an additional $32.0 million in proceeds.

6. Intangible Assets and Liabilities, and Leasing Fees

The following is a summary of intangible assets and liabilities, and leasing fees, and related accumulated amortization:

(in thousands) September 30,<br>2023 December 31,<br>2022
Lease intangibles:
Acquired above-market leases $ 44,913 $ 45,740
Less accumulated amortization (19,783 ) (18,436 )
Acquired above-market leases, net 25,130 27,304
Acquired in-place leases 420,598 436,401
Less accumulated amortization (148,072 ) (134,120 )
Acquired in-place leases, net 272,526 302,281
Total intangible lease assets, net $ 297,656 $ 329,585
Acquired below-market leases $ 100,431 $ 105,059
Less accumulated amortization (45,130 ) (42,204 )
Intangible lease liabilities, net $ 55,301 $ 62,855
Leasing fees $ 16,076 $ 14,430
Less accumulated amortization (6,555 ) (5,924 )
Leasing fees, net $ 9,521 $ 8,506

Amortization of intangible lease assets and liabilities, and leasing fees was as follows:

(in thousands) For the Three Months Ended <br>September 30, For the Nine Months Ended <br>September 30,
Intangible Financial Statement Presentation 2023 2022 2023 2022
Acquired in-place leases and leasing fees Depreciation and amortization $ 7,866 $ 10,224 $ 26,455 $ 25,574
Above-market and below-market leases Lease revenues, net 1,059 1,180 4,841 3,511

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, amortization expense includes $0.0 million and $0.9 million, respectively of accelerated amortization, resulting from early lease terminations. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, amortization expense includes $2.3 million of accelerated amortization resulting from early lease terminations.

Estimated future amortization of intangible assets and liabilities, and leasing fees at September 30, 2023 is as follows:

(in thousands)
Remainder of 2023 $ 6,743
2024 26,471
2025 25,427
2026 24,265
2027 22,522
Thereafter 146,448
$ 251,876

7. Unsecured Credit Agreements

The following table summarizes the Company’s unsecured credit agreements:

Outstanding Balance
(in thousands, except interest rates) September 30,<br>2023 December 31,<br>2022 Interest<br>Rate Maturity<br>Date
Unsecured revolving credit facility $ 74,060 $ 197,322 Applicable reference rate + 0.85% (a) Mar. 2026(d)
Unsecured term loans:
2026 Unsecured Term Loan 400,000 400,000 one-month adjusted SOFR + 1.00% (b)(c) Feb. 2026
2027 Unsecured Term Loan 200,000 200,000 one-month adjusted SOFR + 0.95% (c) Aug. 2027
2029 Unsecured Term Loan 300,000 300,000 one-month adjusted SOFR + 1.25% (c) Aug. 2029
Total unsecured term loans 900,000 900,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs, net (4,367 ) (5,308 )
Total unsecured term loans, net 895,633 894,692
Senior unsecured notes:
2027 Senior Unsecured Notes - Series A 150,000 150,000 4.84% Apr. 2027
2028 Senior Unsecured Notes - Series B 225,000 225,000 5.09% Jul. 2028
2030 Senior Unsecured Notes - Series C 100,000 100,000 5.19% Jul. 2030
2031 Senior Unsecured Public Notes 375,000 375,000 2.60% Sep. 2031
Total senior unsecured notes 850,000 850,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs and <br>   original issuance discount, net (4,879 ) (5,445 )
Total senior unsecured notes, net 845,121 844,555
Total unsecured debt, net $ 1,814,814 $ 1,936,569

(a) At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, a balance of $0.0 million and $123.5 million was subject to the one-month SOFR of 5.32% and 4.36%, respectively. The remaining balance of $100 million Canadian Dollar (”CAD”) borrowings remeasured to $74.1 million United States Dollar (”USD”) and $73.8 million USD, at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and was subject to the one-month CDOR of 5.39% and 4.74%, respectively.

(b) At September 30, 2023, one-month SOFR was 5.32%. At December 31, 2022, the applicable interest rate was one-month LIBOR of 4.39% plus 1.00%.

(c) At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, one-month SOFR was 5.32% and 4.36%, respectively.

(d) The Company’s unsecured revolving credit agreement contains two six-month extension options subject to certain conditions, including the payment of an extension fee equal to 0.0625% of the revolving commitments.

At September 30, 2023, the weighted average interest rate on all outstanding borrowings was 5.30% exclusive of interest rate swap agreements. At September 30, 2023, the weighted average interest rate on all outstanding borrowings was 3.71% inclusive of interest rate swap agreements.

The Company is subject to various financial and operational covenants and financial reporting requirements pursuant to its unsecured credit agreements. These covenants require the Company to maintain certain financial ratios, including leverage, fixed charge coverage, debt service coverage, aggregate debt ratio, consolidated income available for debt to annual debt service charge, total unencumbered assets to total unsecured debt, and secured debt ratio, among others. As of September 30, 2023, and for all periods presented, the Company believes it was in compliance with all of its loan covenants. Failure to comply with the covenants would result in a default which, if the Company were unable to cure or obtain a waiver from the lenders, could accelerate the repayment of the obligations. Further, in the event of default, the Company may be restricted from paying dividends to its stockholders in excess of dividends required to maintain its REIT qualification. Accordingly, an event of default could have a material effect on the Company.

The Company did not incur any debt issuance costs during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company incurred $3.2 million and $7.0 million, respectively in debt issuance costs associated with the unsecured revolving credit facility.

Debt issuance costs and original issuance discounts are amortized as a component of Interest expense in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. The following table summarizes debt issuance cost and original issuance discount amortization:

For the Three Months Ended <br>September 30, For the Nine Months Ended <br>September 30,
(in thousands) 2023 2022 2023 2022
Debt issuance costs and original issuance discount amortization $ 983 $ 948 $ 2,955 $ 2,704

8. Mortgages

The Company’s mortgages consist of the following:

Origination Maturity
(in thousands, except interest rates) Date Date Interest September 30, December 31,
Lender (Month/Year) (Month/Year) Rate 2023 2022
Wilmington Trust National Association Apr-19 Feb-28 4.92% $ 44,542 $ 45,516 (a) (b) (c) (d)
Wilmington Trust National Association Jun-18 Aug-25 4.36% 18,834 19,150 (a) (b) (c) (e)
PNC Bank Oct-16 Nov-26 3.62% 16,351 16,675 (b) (c)
Aegon Apr-12 Oct-23 6.38% - 5,413 (b) (f)
Total mortgages 79,727 86,754
Debt issuance costs, net (114 ) (152 )
Mortgages, net $ 79,613 $ 86,602

(a) Non-recourse debt includes the indemnification/guaranty of the Company pertaining to fraud, environmental claims, insolvency, and other matters.

(b) Debt secured by related rental property and lease rents.

(c) Debt secured by guaranty of the OP.

(d) Mortgage was assumed in April 2019 as part of the acquisition of the related property. The debt was recorded at fair value at the time of assumption.

(e) Mortgage was assumed in June 2018 as part of the acquisition of the related property. The debt was recorded at fair value at the time of assumption.

(f) Mortgage was assumed in April 2012 as part of the acquisition of the related property. The debt was recorded at fair value at the time of the assumption.

At September 30, 2023, investment in rental property of $121.2 million was pledged as collateral against the Company’s mortgages.

Estimated future principal payments to be made under the above mortgages and the Company’s unsecured credit agreements (see Note 7) at September 30, 2023 are as follows:

(in thousands)
Remainder of 2023 $ 554
2024 2,260
2025 20,195
2026 490,903
2027 351,596
Thereafter 1,038,279
$ 1,903,787

Certain of the Company’s mortgages provide for prepayment fees and can be terminated under certain events of default as defined under the related agreements. These prepayment fees are not reflected as part of the table above.

9. Interest Rate Swaps

Interest rate swaps were entered into with certain financial institutions in order to mitigate the impact of interest rate variability over the term of the related debt agreements. The interest rate swaps are considered cash flow hedges. Under these agreements, the Company receives monthly payments from the counterparties equal to the related variable interest rates multiplied by the outstanding notional amounts. In turn, the Company pays the counterparties each month an amount equal to a fixed rate multiplied by the related outstanding notional amounts. The intended net impact of these transactions is that the Company pays a fixed interest rate on its variable-rate borrowings.

In order to reduce counterparty concentration risk, the Company diversifies the institutions that serve as swap counterparties. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of non-performance by the counterparties of the swaps. The Company minimizes the risk exposure by limiting counterparties to only major banks who meet established credit and capital guidelines.

The following is a summary of the Company’s outstanding interest rate swap agreements:

(in thousands, except interest rates) September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
Counterparty Maturity Date Fixed<br>Rate Variable Rate Index (a) Notional<br>Amount Fair <br>Value Notional<br>Amount Fair <br>Value
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. October 2024 2.72 % daily compounded SOFR $ 15,000 $ 400 $ 15,000 $ 477
Capital One, National Association December 2024 1.58 % daily compounded SOFR 15,000 649 15,000 815
Bank of Montreal January 2025 1.91 % daily compounded SOFR 25,000 1,049 25,000 1,239
Truist Financial Corporation April 2025 2.20 % daily compounded SOFR 25,000 1,100 25,000 1,169
Bank of Montreal July 2025 2.32 % daily compounded SOFR 25,000 1,174 25,000 1,162
Truist Financial Corporation July 2025 1.99 % daily compounded SOFR 25,000 1,313 25,000 1,358
Truist Financial Corporation December 2025 2.30 % daily compounded SOFR 25,000 1,388 25,000 1,279
Bank of Montreal January 2026 1.92 % daily compounded SOFR 25,000 1,594 25,000 1,547
Bank of Montreal January 2026 2.05 % daily compounded SOFR 40,000 2,441 40,000 2,332
Capital One, National Association January 2026 2.08 % daily compounded SOFR 35,000 2,105 35,000 2,007
Truist Financial Corporation January 2026 1.93 % daily compounded SOFR 25,000 1,590 25,000 1,542
Capital One, National Association April 2026 2.68 % daily compounded SOFR 15,000 755 15,000 625
Capital One, National Association July 2026 1.32 % daily compounded SOFR 35,000 3,073 35,000 3,042
Bank of Montreal December 2026 2.33 % daily compounded SOFR 10,000 691 10,000 584
Bank of Montreal December 2026 1.99 % daily compounded SOFR 25,000 1,983 25,000 1,773
Toronto-Dominion Bank March 2027 2.46 % one-month CDOR 14,812 (b) 1,146 14,764 (b) 765
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. April 2027 2.72 % daily compounded SOFR 25,000 1,496 25,000 1,129
Bank of Montreal December 2027 2.37 % daily compounded SOFR 25,000 2,035 25,000 1,628
Capital One, National Association December 2027 2.37 % daily compounded SOFR 25,000 2,009 25,000 1,605
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. January 2028 2.37 % daily compounded SOFR 75,000 6,083 75,000 4,854
Bank of Montreal May 2029 2.09 % daily compounded SOFR 25,000 2,856 25,000 2,295
Regions Bank May 2029 2.11 % daily compounded SOFR 25,000 2,811 25,000 2,244
Regions Bank June 2029 2.03 % daily compounded SOFR 25,000 2,914 25,000 2,357
U.S. Bank National Association June 2029 2.03 % daily compounded SOFR 25,000 2,931 25,000 2,377
Regions Bank August 2029 2.58 % one-month SOFR 100,000 8,486 100,000 5,782
Toronto-Dominion Bank August 2029 2.58 % one-month SOFR 45,000 3,885 45,000 2,674
U.S. Bank National Association August 2029 2.65 % one-month SOFR 15,000 1,237 15,000 826
U.S. Bank National Association August 2029 2.58 % one-month SOFR 100,000 8,557 100,000 5,861
U.S. Bank National Association August 2029 1.35 % daily compounded SOFR 25,000 3,888 25,000 3,419
Regions Bank March 2032 2.69 % one-month CDOR 14,812 (b) 1,768 14,764 (b) 1,092
U.S. Bank National Association March 2032 2.70 % one-month CDOR 14,812 (b) 1,783 14,764 (b) 1,107
Bank of Montreal March 2034 2.81 % one-month CDOR 29,624 (c) 3,896 29,530 (c) 2,424
$ 974,060 $ 79,086 $ 973,822 $ 63,390

(a) Prior to the cessation of LIBOR on July 1, 2023, the variable rate index for daily compounded SOFR based swaps was one-month LIBOR.

(b) The contractual notional amount is $20.0 million CAD.

(c) The contractual notional amount is $40.0 million CAD.

17

At September 30, 2023, the weighted average fixed rate on all outstanding interest rate swaps was 2.28%. At September 30, 2023, the weighted average interest rate on all outstanding borrowings was 3.71% inclusive of unsecured credit agreements.

The total amounts recognized, and the location in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income, from converting from variable rates to fixed rates under these agreements were as follows:

Amount of Gain Reclassification from Total Interest Expense
Recognized in Accumulated Other Presented in the Condensed
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Consolidated Statements of
(in thousands) Comprehensive Amount of Income and Comprehensive
For the Three Months Ended September 30, Income Location Gain (Loss) Income
2023 $ 13,943 Interest expense $ 7,063 $ 19,665
2022 40,039 Interest expense (446 ) 20,095
Amount of Gain Reclassification from Total Interest Expense
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Recognized in Accumulated Other Presented in the Condensed
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Consolidated Statements of
(in thousands) Comprehensive Amount of Income and Comprehensive
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, Income Location Gain (Loss) Income
2023 $ 15,696 Interest expense $ 18,242 $ 61,081
2022 93,772 Interest expense (7,433 ) 54,879

Amounts related to the interest rate swaps expected to be reclassified out of Accumulated other comprehensive income to Interest expense during the next twelve months are estimated to be a gain of $29.4 million.

10. Non-Controlling Interests

The following table summarizes OP Units exchanged for shares of common stock:

For the Three Months Ended <br>September 30, For the Nine Months Ended <br>September 30,
(in thousands) 2023 2022 2023 2022
OP Units exchanged for shares of common stock 1 118 922 118
Value of units exchanged $ 21 $ 1,926 $ 15,316 $ 1,926

11. Credit Risk Concentrations

The Company maintained bank balances that, at times, exceeded the federally insured limit during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The Company has not experienced losses relating to these deposits and management does not believe that the Company is exposed to any significant credit risk with respect to these amounts based on the financial position and capitalization of the banks.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company had no individual tenants or common franchises that accounted for more than 10% of Lease revenues, net, excluding lease termination fees.

12. Equity

At-the-Market Program

The Company has an at-the-market common equity offering program (“ATM Program”), through which it may, from time to time, publicly offer and sell shares of common stock having an aggregate gross sales price of up to $400.0 million. The ATM Program provides for forward sale agreements, enabling the Company to set the price of shares upon pricing the offering, while delaying the issuance of shares and the receipt of the net proceeds. As of September 30, 2023, the Company has $145.4 million of available capacity under the ATM Program.

The following table presents information about the Company’s ATM Program activity:

For the Three Months Ended <br>September 30, For the Nine Months Ended <br>September 30,
(in thousands, except per share amounts) 2023 2022 2023 2022
Number of common shares issued — 962 — 10,471
Weighted average sale price per share $ — $ 21.44 $ — $ 21.66
Net proceeds $ — $ 20,248 $ — $ 222,895
Gross proceeds — 20,626 — 226,483

Share Repurchase Program

On March 14, 2023, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program (the “Repurchase Program”), which authorized the Company to repurchase up to $150.0 million of the Company’s common stock. These purchases can be made in the open market or through private transactions from time to time over the 12-month time period following authorization, depending on prevailing market conditions and applicable legal and regulatory requirements. The timing, manner, price and amount of any repurchases of common stock under the Repurchase Program will be determined at the Company’s discretion, using available cash resources. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, no shares of the Company’s common stock were repurchased under the program.

13. Stock-Based Compensation

Restricted Stock Awards

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company awarded 116 and 309,746 shares of restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), respectively, to officers, employees and non-employee directors under the Company's equity incentive plan. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company issued 6,175 and 181,088 shares of RSAs, respectively. The holder of RSAs is generally entitled at all times on and after the date of issuance of the restricted common shares to exercise the rights of a stockholder of the Company, including the right to vote the shares and the right to receive dividends on the shares. The RSAs vest over a one-, three-, or four-year period from the date of the grant and are subject to the holder’s continued service through the applicable vesting dates and in accordance with the terms of the individual award agreements. The weighted average per share value of awards granted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, were $16.52 and $17.52, respectively, which were based on the market price per share of the Company’s common stock on the grant date. The weighted average value of awards granted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 were $22.67 and $21.44, respectively.

The following table presents information about the Company’s RSAs:

For the Three Months Ended <br>September 30, For the Nine Months Ended <br>September 30,
(in thousands) 2023 2022 2023 2022
Compensation cost $ 927 $ 994 $ 3,587 $ 2,481
Dividends declared on unvested RSAs 142 107 420 310
Fair value of shares vested during the period — — 3,384 3,209

As of September 30, 2023, there was $6.2 million of unrecognized compensation costs related to the unvested restricted shares, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of

2.5

years.

The following table presents information about the Company’s restricted stock activity:

For the Three Months Ended September 30,
2023 2022
(in thousands, except per share amounts) Number of Shares Weighted Average <br>Grant Date Fair <br>Value per Share Number of Shares Weighted Average <br>Grant Date Fair <br>Value per Share
Unvested at beginning of period 508 $ 18.65 392 $ 20.33
Granted — 16.52 6 22.67
Vested — — — —
Forfeited (2 ) 17.75 (1 ) 21.66
Unvested at end of period 506 18.66 397 20.37
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
2023 2022
(in thousands, except per share amounts) Number of Shares Weighted Average <br>Grant Date Fair <br>Value per Share Number of Shares Weighted Average <br>Grant Date Fair <br>Value per Share
Unvested at beginning of period 396 $ 20.36 372 $ 19.62
Granted 310 17.52 181 21.44
Vested (192 ) 20.33 (146 ) 19.80
Forfeited (8 ) 18.73 (10 ) 20.10
Unvested at end of period 506 18.66 397 20.37

20

Performance-based Restricted Stock Units

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company issued target grants of 186,481 of performance-based restricted stock units (“PRSUs”), under the Company's equity incentive plan to the officers of the Company. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company issued target grants of 2,141 and 124,024 PRSUs. The awards are non-vested restricted stock units where the vesting percentages and the ultimate number of units vesting will be measured 50% based on the relative total shareholder return (“rTSR”) of the Company’s common stock as compared to the rTSR of peer companies, as identified in the grant agreements, over a three-year period, and 50% based on the rTSR of the Company’s common stock as compared to the rTSR of the MSCI US REIT Index over a three year measurement period. Vesting percentages range from 0% to 200% with a target of 100%. rTSR means the percentage appreciation in the fair market value of one share over the three-year measurement period beginning on the date of grant, assuming the reinvestment of dividends on the ex-dividend date. The target number of units is based on achieving a rTSR equal to the 55th percentile of the peer companies and MSCI US REIT Index. The grant date fair value of the PRSUs was measured using a Monte Carlo simulation model based on assumptions including share price volatility, among others.

The following table presents compensation cost recognized on the Company’s PRSUs:

For the Three Months Ended <br>September 30, For the Nine Months Ended <br>September 30,
(in thousands) 2023 2022 2023 2022
Compensation cost $ 613 $ 509 $ 1,371 $ 1,332

As of September 30, 2023, there was $4.6 million of unrecognized compensation costs related to the unvested PRSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of

2.2

years.

The following table presents information about the Company’s performance-based restricted stock unit activity:

For the Three Months Ended September 30,
2023 2022
(in thousands, except per share amounts) Number of Shares Weighted Average <br>Grant Date Fair <br>Value per Share Number of Shares Weighted Average <br>Grant Date Fair <br>Value per Share
Unvested at beginning of period 358 $ 25.01 231 $ 26.25
Granted — — 2 27.93
Vested — — — —
Forfeited — — — —
Unvested at end of period 358 25.01 233 26.27
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
2023 2022
(in thousands, except per share amounts) Number of Shares Weighted Average <br>Grant Date Fair <br>Value per Share Number of Shares Weighted Average <br>Grant Date Fair <br>Value per Share
Unvested at beginning of period 233 $ 26.27 110 $ 24.40
Granted 186 23.78 124 27.93
Vested — — — —
Forfeited (61 ) 26.80 (1 ) 27.93
Unvested at end of period 358 25.01 233 26.27

14. Earnings per Share

The following table summarizes the components used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”):

For the Three Months Ended <br>September 30, For the Nine Months Ended <br>September 30,
(in thousands, except per share amounts) 2023 2022 2023 2022
Basic earnings:
Net earnings attributable to Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. common <br>   shareholders $ 49,682 $ 27,109 $ 149,000 $ 87,383
Less: earnings allocated to unvested restricted shares (142 ) (108 ) (420 ) (310 )
Net earnings used to compute basic earnings per common share $ 49,540 $ 27,001 $ 148,580 $ 87,073
Diluted earnings:
Net earnings used to compute basic earnings per common share $ 49,540 $ 27,001 $ 148,580 $ 87,073
Add: net earnings attributable to non-controlling interests 2,463 1,600 7,515 5,319
Net earnings used to compute diluted earnings per common share $ 52,003 $ 28,601 $ 156,095 $ 92,392
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding 187,272 172,973 187,026 169,061
Less: weighted average unvested restricted shares (a) (506 ) (395 ) (481 ) (381 )
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding used in <br>   basic earnings per common share 186,766 172,578 186,545 168,680
Add: effects of restricted stock units (b) 322 180 267 166
Add: effects of convertible membership units (c) 9,284 10,213 9,470 10,286
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding used in <br>   diluted earnings per common share 196,372 182,971 196,282 179,132
Basic earnings per share $ 0.27 $ 0.16 $ 0.80 $ 0.52
Diluted earnings per share $ 0.26 $ 0.16 $ 0.80 $ 0.52

(a) Represents the weighted average effects of 505,668 and 397,135 unvested restricted shares of common stock as of September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, which will be excluded from the computation of earnings per share until they vest.

(b) Represents the weighted average effects of shares of common stock to be issued as though the end of the period were the end of the performance period (see Note 13).

(c) Represents the weighted average effects of 9,282,953 and 10,204,806 OP Units outstanding at September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. OP Units are included in the diluted earnings per share calculation. However, because such OP Units would also require that the share of the net income attributable to such OP units also be added back to net income, there is no effect to EPS.

15. Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures

Cash paid for interest was $54.5 million and $46.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Cash paid for income taxes was $0.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

The following are non-cash transactions and have been excluded from the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:

• During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company converted 921,853 OP units valued at $15.3 million to 921,853 shares of common stock at the election of the holder. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company converted 118,400 OP units valued at $1.9 million to 118,400 shares of common stock at the election of the holder.

• At September 30, 2023 and 2022, dividend amounts declared and accrued but not yet paid amounted to $55.8 million and $49.9 million, respectively.

• At September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company adjusted the carrying value of Non-controlling interests to reflect their share of the book value of the OP by $0.2 million and $3.3 million, respectively, with the reallocation recorded as an offset to Additional paid-in capital and Accumulated other comprehensive income.

16. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

From time to time, the Company is a party to various litigation matters incidental to the conduct of the Company’s business. While the resolution of such matters cannot be predicted with certainty, based on currently available information, the Company does not believe that the final outcome of any of these matters will have a material effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.

Property and Acquisition Related

In connection with ownership and operation of real estate, the Company may potentially be liable for costs and damages related to environmental matters. The Company is not aware of any non-compliance, liability, claim, or other environmental condition that would have a material effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.

As of September 30, 2023, the Company has commitments to fund two build-to-suit transactions with remaining obligations of $157.3 million expected to fund in multiple draws through October 2024, using a combination of available cash on hand and unsecured revolving credit facility borrowings. Rent is contractually scheduled to commence at the earlier of construction completion or a specified date defined in the respective lease agreement.

The Company is a party to two separate tax protection agreements with the contributing members of two distinct UPREIT transactions and a third tax protection agreement in connection with the Company's internalization. The tax protection agreements require the Company to indemnify the beneficiaries in the event of a sale, exchange, transfer, or other disposal of the contributed property, and in the case of the tax protection agreement entered into in connection with the Company’s internalization, the entire Company, in a taxable transaction that would cause such beneficiaries to recognize a gain that is protected under the agreements, subject to certain exceptions. The Company is required to allocate an amount of nonrecourse liabilities to each beneficiary that is at least equal to the minimum liability amount, as contained in the agreements. The minimum liability amount and the associated allocation of nonrecourse liabilities are calculated in accordance with applicable tax regulations, are completed at the OP level, and do not represent GAAP accounting. Therefore, there is no impact to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Based on values as of September 30, 2023, taxable sales of the applicable properties would trigger liability under the agreements of approximately $20.4 million. Based on information available, the Company does not believe that the events resulting in damages as detailed above have occurred or are likely to occur in the foreseeable future.

In the normal course of business, the Company enters into various types of commitments to purchase real estate properties. These commitments are generally subject to the Company’s customary due diligence process and, accordingly, a number of specific conditions must be met before the Company is obligated to purchase the properties.

Obligations Under Leases

In October 2022, the Company executed a ten year lease for its new corporate office space that commences during the fourth quarter of 2023, the timing of which depends on the satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in the lease. Upon commencement, the total expected future lease payments would be $8.9 million.

17. Subsequent Events

On October 13, 2023, the Company paid distributions totaling $55.0 million.

On October 26, 2023, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly distribution of $0.285 per share on the Company’s common stock and OP Units for the fourth quarter of 2023, which will be payable on or before January 12, 2024 to stockholders and OP unitholders of record as of December 29, 2023.

Subsequent to September 30, 2023, the Company borrowed $23.5 million on the unsecured revolving credit facility, the proceeds of which were used to fund investment activity and for general corporate purposes.

Subsequent to September 30, 2023, the Company executed a lease amendment with an existing tenant to fund a total of $16.9 million towards a building expansion expected to be completed in 2024, which included a contractual increase in rent.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Except where the context suggests otherwise, as used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the terms “BNL,” “we,” “us,” “our,” and “our company” refer to Broadstone Net Lease, Inc., a Maryland corporation incorporated on October 18, 2007, and, as required by context, Broadstone Net Lease, LLC, a New York limited liability company, which we refer to as the or our "OP,” and to their respective subsidiaries.

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is intended to help the reader understand our results of operations and financial condition. This MD&A is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements, which reflect our current views regarding our business, financial performance, growth prospects and strategies, market opportunities, and market trends, that are intended to be made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts. In some cases, you can identify these forward-looking statements by the use of words such as “outlook,” “believes,” “expects,” “potential,” “continues,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “seeks,” “approximately,” “projects,” “predicts,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” or the negative version of these words or other comparable words. All of the forward-looking statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Assumptions relating to the foregoing involve judgments with respect to, among other things, future economic, competitive and market conditions, and future business decisions, all of which are difficult or impossible to predict accurately and many of which are beyond our control. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, our actual results, performance, and achievements could differ materially from those expressed in or by the forward-looking statements and may be affected by a variety of risks and other factors. Accordingly, there are or will be important factors that could cause actual outcomes or results to differ materially from such forward-looking statements.

Important factors that could cause results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements are described in Item 1. “Business,” Item 1A. “Risk Factors,” and Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed with the SEC on February 23, 2023. The “Risk Factors” of our 2022 Annual Report should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with other cautionary statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. All forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the risk that actual results, performance, and achievements will differ materially from the expectations expressed in or referenced by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q will increase with the passage of time. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments, or otherwise, except as required by law.

Regulation FD Disclosures

We use any of the following to comply with our disclosure obligations under Regulation FD: U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filings, press releases, public conference calls, or our website. We routinely post important information on our website at www.broadstone.com, including information that may be deemed material. We encourage our shareholders and others interested in our company to monitor these distribution channels for material disclosures. Our website address is included in this Quarterly Report as a textual reference only and the information on the website is not incorporated by reference in this Quarterly Report.

Explanatory Note and Certain Defined Terms

Unless the context otherwise requires, the following terms and phrases are used throughout this MD&A as described below:

• “annualized base rent” or “ABR” means the annualized contractual cash rent due for the last month of the reporting period, excluding the impacts of short-term rent deferrals, abatements, or free rent, and adjusted to remove rent from properties sold during the month and to include a full month of contractual cash rent for investments made during the month;

• “Investments” or amounts “invested” include real estate investments in new property acquisitions; revenue generating capital expenditures, whereby we agree to fund certain expenditures in exchange for increased rents that often include rent escalations and terms consistent with that of the underlying lease; and investments in development funding opportunities; and excludes capitalized costs.

• “cash capitalization rate” represents either (1) for acquisitions and new developments, the estimated first year cash yield to be generated on a real estate investment, which was estimated at the time of investment based on the contractually specified cash base rent for the first full year after the date of the investment, divided by the purchase price for the property excluding capitalized costs, or (2) for disposition properties, the estimated first year cash yield to be generated subsequent to disposition based on contractually specified cash base rent divided by the disposition price;

• “CPI” means the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. City Average, All Items, as published by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, or other similar index which is a measure of the average change over time in the prices paid by urban consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services;

• “occupancy” or a specified percentage of our portfolio that is “occupied” or “leased” means as of a specified date the quotient of (1) the total rentable square footage of our properties minus the square footage of our properties that are vacant and from which we are not receiving any rental payment, and (2) the total square footage of our properties; and

• “Revolving Credit Facility” means our $1.0 billion unsecured revolving credit facility, dated January 28, 2022, with J.P. Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. and the other lenders party thereto.

Overview

We are an industrial-focused, diversified net lease real estate investment trust (“REIT”) that acquires, owns, and manages primarily single-tenant commercial real estate properties that are net leased on a long-term basis to a diversified group of tenants. As of September 30, 2023, our portfolio includes 800 properties, with 793 properties located in 44 U.S. states and seven properties located in four Canadian provinces.

We focus on investing in real estate that is operated by creditworthy single tenants in industries characterized by positive business drivers and trends. We target properties that are an integral part of the tenants’ businesses and are therefore opportunities to secure long-term net leases. Through long-term net leases, our tenants are able to retain operational control of their strategically important locations, while allocating their debt and equity capital to fund core business operations rather than real estate ownership.

- Diversified Portfolio. As of September 30, 2023, our portfolio comprised approximately 38.2 million rentable square feet of operational space, was highly diversified based on property type, geography, tenant, and industry, and is cross-diversified within each (e.g., property-type diversification within a geographic concentration):

• Property Type: We are diversified across industrial, healthcare, restaurant, and retail property types. Within these sectors, we have meaningful concentrations in manufacturing, distribution and warehouse, food processing, casual dining, clinical, quick service restaurants, and general merchandise.

• Geographic Diversification: Our properties are located in 44 U.S. states and four Canadian provinces, with no single geographic concentration exceeding 9.9% of our ABR.

• Tenant and Industry Diversification: Our properties are occupied by approximately 220 different commercial tenants who operate 208 different brands that are diversified across 54 differing industries, with no single tenant accounting for more than 4.0% of our ABR.

- Strong In-Place Leases with Significant Remaining Lease Term. As of September 30, 2023, our portfolio was approximately 99.4% leased with an ABR weighted average remaining lease term of approximately 10.5 years, excluding renewal options.

- Standard Contractual Base Rent Escalation. Approximately 97.3% of our leases have contractual rent escalations, with an ABR weighted average minimum increase of 2.0%.

- Extensive Tenant Financial Reporting. Approximately 93.7% of our tenants, based on ABR, provide financial reporting, of which 86.2% are required to provide us with specified financial information on a periodic basis, and an additional 7.5% of our tenants report financial statements publicly, either through SEC filings or otherwise.

Real Estate Portfolio Information

The following charts summarize our portfolio diversification by property type, tenant, brand, industry, and geographic location as of September 30, 2023. The percentages below are calculated based on our ABR of $390 million as of September 30, 2023.

Diversification by Property Type

img145155378_0.jpg

Property Type # Properties ABR('000s) ABR as a % of<br>Total Portfolio Square Feet<br>('000s) SF as a % of<br>Total Portfolio
Industrial
Manufacturing 80 16.8 % 12,178 31.8 %
Distribution & Warehouse 46 12.9 % 9,158 23.9 %
Food Processing 33 11.9 % 5,442 14.2 %
Flex and R&D 6 4.1 % 1,157 3.0 %
Industrial Services 23 3.0 % 607 1.6 %
Cold Storage 4 2.5 % 723 1.9 %
Untenanted 1 — 122 0.3 %
Industrial Total 193 51.2 % 29,387 76.7 %
Healthcare
Clinical 52 7.0 % 1,090 2.9 %
Healthcare Services 29 3.0 % 478 1.2 %
Animal Health Services 27 2.8 % 405 1.1 %
Surgical 12 2.7 % 329 0.9 %
Life Science 9 2.1 % 549 1.4 %
Healthcare Total 129 17.6 % 2,851 7.5 %
Restaurant
Casual Dining 101 7.1 % 673 1.8 %
Quick Service Restaurants 147 6.6 % 499 1.3 %
Restaurant Total 248 13.7 % 1,172 3.1 %
Retail
General Merchandise 132 6.4 % 1,865 4.9 %
Automotive 67 3.2 % 773 2.0 %
Home Furnishings 13 1.9 % 797 2.1 %
Child Care 2 0.1 % 20 0.1 %
Retail Total 214 11.6 % 3,455 9.1 %
Office
Strategic Operations 6 2.7 % 632 1.7 %
Corporate Headquarters 7 2.2 % 409 1.1 %
Call Center 2 1.0 % 288 0.7 %
Untenanted 1 — 46 0.1 %
Office Total 16 5.9 % 1,375 3.6 %
Total 800 100.0 % 38,240 100.0 %

All values are in US Dollars.

Diversification by Tenant

Tenant Property Type # Properties ABR('000s) ABR as a % <br>of Total <br>Portfolio Square Feet<br>('000s) SF as a % <br>of Total <br>Portfolio
Roskam Baking Company, LLC* Food Processing 7 4.0 % 2,250 5.9 %
AHF, LLC* Distribution & Warehouse/Manufacturing 8 2.4 % 2,284 6.0 %
Jack's Family Restaurants LP* Quick Service Restaurants 43 1.9 % 147 0.4 %
Joseph T. Ryerson & Son, Inc Distribution & Warehouse 11 1.7 % 1,537 4.0 %
Red Lobster Hospitality & Red Lobster Restaurants LLC* Casual Dining 19 1.6 % 157 0.4 %
Axcelis Technologies, Inc. Flex and R&D 1 1.6 % 417 1.1 %
J. Alexander's, LLC* Casual Dining 16 1.6 % 131 0.3 %
Salm Partners, LLC* Food Processing 2 1.5 % 368 0.9 %
Hensley & Company* Distribution & Warehouse 3 1.5 % 577 1.5 %
Dollar General Corporation General Merchandise 60 1.5 % 562 1.5 %
Total Top 10 Tenants 170 19.3 % 8,430 22.0 %
BluePearl Holdings, LLC** Animal Health Services 13 1.4 % 166 0.5 %
Krispy Kreme Doughnut Corporation Quick Service Restaurants/<br>Food Processing 27 1.4 % 156 0.4 %
Outback Steakhouse of Florida LLC*1 Casual Dining 22 1.4 % 140 0.4 %
Tractor Supply Company General Merchandise 21 1.4 % 417 1.1 %
Big Tex Trailer Manufacturing Inc.* Automotive/Distribution & Warehouse/Manufacturing/ Corporate Headquarters 17 1.3 % 1,302 3.4 %
Carvana, LLC* Industrial Services 2 1.2 % 230 0.6 %
Klosterman Bakery* Food Processing 11 1.2 % 549 1.4 %
Nestle' Dreyer's Ice Cream Company2 Cold Storage 1 1.2 % 309 0.8 %
Arkansas Surgical Hospital Surgical 1 1.1 % 129 0.3 %
Chiquita Holdings Limited Food Processing 1 1.1 % 335 0.9 %
Total Top 20 Tenants 286 32.0 % 12,163 31.8 %

All values are in US Dollars.

1 Tenant's properties include 20 Outback Steakhouse restaurants and two Carrabba's Italian Grill restaurants.

2 Nestle's ABR excludes $1.6 million of rent paid under a sub-lease for an additional property, which will convert to a prime lease no later than August 2024.

* Subject to a master lease.

** Includes properties leased by multiple tenants, some, not all, of which are subject to master leases.

Diversification by Brand

Brand Property Type # Properties ABR('000s) ABR as a % <br>of Total <br>Portfolio Square Feet<br>('000s) SF as a % <br>of Total <br>Portfolio
Roskam Baking Company, LLC* Food Processing 7 4.0 % 2,250 5.9 %
AHF Products* Distribution & Warehouse/<br>Manufacturing 8 2.4 % 2,284 6.0 %
Jack's Family Restaurants* Quick Service Restaurants 43 1.9 % 147 0.4 %
Ryerson Distribution & Warehouse 11 1.7 % 1,537 4.0 %
Red Lobster* Casual Dining 19 1.6 % 157 0.4 %
Axcelis Flex and R&D 1 1.6 % 417 1.0 %
Salm Partners, LLC* Food Processing 2 1.6 % 368 1.0 %
Hensley* Distribution & Warehouse 3 1.5 % 577 1.5 %
Dollar General General Merchandise 60 1.5 % 562 1.5 %
BluePearl Veterinary Partners** Animal Health Services 13 1.4 % 165 0.4 %
Total Top 10 Brands 167 19.2 % 8,464 22.1 %
Krispy Kreme Quick Service Restaurants/<br>Food Processing 27 1.4 % 158 0.6 %
Bob Evans Farms*1 Casual Dining/Food Processing 21 1.4 % 281 0.7 %
Tractor Supply Company General Merchandise 21 1.4 % 417 1.1 %
Big Tex Trailers* Automotive/Distribution & <br>Warehouse/Manufacturing/<br>Corporate Headquarters 17 1.3 % 1,302 3.4 %
Outback Steakhouse* Casual Dining 20 1.2 % 126 0.3 %
Carvana* Industrial Services 2 1.2 % 230 0.6 %
Klosterman Bakery* Food Processing 11 1.2 % 549 1.4 %
Nestle' Cold Storage 1 1.2 % 309 0.8 %
Arkansas Surgical Hospital Surgical 1 1.1 % 129 0.3 %
Chiquita Holdings Limited Food Processing 1 1.1 % 335 0.9 %
Total Top 20 Brands 289 31.7 % 12,300 32.2 %

All values are in US Dollars.

1 Brand includes one BEF Foods, Inc. property and 20 Bob Evans Restaurants, LLC properties.

* Subject to a master lease.

** Includes properties leased by multiple tenants, some, not all, of which are subject to master leases.

Diversification by Industry

Industry # Properties ABR('000s) ABR as a % <br>of Total <br>Portfolio Square Feet ('000s) SF as a % <br>of Total <br>Portfolio
Health Care Facilities 104 14.0 % 2,062 5.4 %
Restaurants 251 13.8 % 1,214 3.2 %
Packaged Foods & Meats 29 10.4 % 4,713 12.3 %
Distributors 27 4.1 % 2,695 7.0 %
Auto Parts & Equipment 44 4.0 % 2,710 7.1 %
Specialty Stores 31 3.7 % 1,338 3.5 %
Food Distributors 8 3.6 % 1,712 4.5 %
Home Furnishing Retail 18 3.3 % 1,858 4.9 %
Specialized Consumer Services 48 3.2 % 724 1.9 %
Metal & Glass Containers 8 2.6 % 2,206 5.8 %
General Merchandise Stores 96 2.5 % 880 2.3 %
Industrial Machinery 20 2.5 % 1,949 5.1 %
Forest Products 8 2.4 % 2,284 6.0 %
Health Care Services 18 2.4 % 515 1.3 %
Internet & Direct Marketing Retail 3 1.8 % 447 1.2 %
Other (39 industries) 85 25.7 % 10,709 27.9 %
Untenanted properties 2 — 224 0.6 %
Total 800 100.0 % 38,240 100.0 %

All values are in US Dollars.

Diversification by Geographic Location

img145155378_1.jpg

State /<br>Province # <br>Properties ABR('000s) ABR as a <br>% of Total <br>Portfolio Square Feet ('000s) SF as a % <br>of Total <br>Portfolio State /<br>Province # <br>Properties ABR('000s) ABR as a <br>% of Total <br>Portfolio Square Feet ('000s) SF as a % <br>of Total <br>Portfolio
TX 72 9.9 % 3,621 9.5 % WA 15 1.1 % 150 0.4 %
MI 55 8.3 % 3,811 10.0 % LA 4 0.9 % 194 0.5 %
IL 32 6.1 % 2,424 6.3 % MS 11 0.9 % 430 1.1 %
WI 35 5.9 % 2,163 5.7 % NE 6 0.8 % 509 1.3 %
CA 13 5.0 % 1,718 4.5 % SC 13 0.8 % 308 0.8 %
FL 42 4.2 % 840 2.2 % IA 4 0.7 % 622 1.6 %
OH 47 4.2 % 1,582 4.1 % NM 9 0.7 % 107 0.3 %
IN 32 4.2 % 1,906 5.0 % CO 4 0.6 % 126 0.3 %
MN 21 4.0 % 2,500 6.5 % UT 3 0.6 % 280 0.7 %
TN 50 4.0 % 1,103 2.9 % MD 3 0.6 % 205 0.5 %
NC 36 3.2 % 1,135 3.0 % CT 2 0.5 % 55 0.1 %
AL 53 3.1 % 873 2.3 % ND 3 0.4 % 48 0.1 %
AZ 9 3.1 % 909 2.4 % MT 7 0.4 % 43 0.1 %
GA 33 3.0 % 1,576 4.1 % DE 4 0.3 % 133 0.3 %
PA 22 2.5 % 1,836 4.8 % VT 2 0.1 % 24 0.1 %
NY 26 2.4 % 680 1.8 % WY 1 0.1 % 21 0.1 %
KY 24 2.2 % 900 2.4 % NV 1 0.1 % 6 0.0 %
OK 23 2.1 % 987 2.6 % OR 1 0.0 % 9 0.0 %
AR 11 2.0 % 283 0.7 % SD 1 0.0 % 9 0.0 %
MA 3 1.7 % 444 1.2 % Total U.S. 793 97.8 % 37,810 98.8 %
MO 12 1.6 % 1,138 3.0 % BC 2 1.2 % 253 0.7 %
KS 11 1.5 % 648 1.7 % ON 3 0.6 % 101 0.3 %
VA 17 1.4 % 204 0.5 % AB 1 0.3 % 51 0.1 %
WV 17 1.3 % 884 2.3 % MB 1 0.1 % 25 0.1 %
NJ 3 1.3 % 366 1.0 % Total Canada 7 2.2 % 430 1.2 %
Grand Total 800 100.0 % 38,240 100.0 %

All values are in US Dollars.

Our Leases

The following chart sets forth our lease expirations based upon the terms of the leases in place as of September 30, 2023.

img145155378_2.jpg

The following table presents certain information based on lease expirations by year. Amounts are in thousands, except for number of properties.

Expiration Year # Properties # Leases ABR('000s) ABR as a % of<br>Total Portfolio Square Feet<br>('000s) SF as a % of<br>Total Portfolio
2023 3 4 1.0 % 467 1.2 %
2024 5 5 1.7 % 741 1.9 %
2025 19 21 1.8 % 394 1.0 %
2026 34 35 4.5 % 1,150 3.0 %
2027 29 30 6.5 % 2,079 5.5 %
2028 36 37 5.9 % 1,930 5.0 %
2029 73 74 6.1 % 2,754 7.2 %
2030 100 100 13.9 % 5,022 13.1 %
2031 33 33 2.2 % 805 2.1 %
2032 62 63 8.2 % 3,469 9.1 %
2033 50 50 4.9 % 1,593 4.2 %
2034 34 34 1.7 % 446 1.2 %
2035 19 19 3.6 % 2,021 5.3 %
2036 88 88 7.1 % 2,952 7.7 %
2037 22 22 4.3 % 1,120 3.0 %
2038 38 38 2.8 % 848 2.2 %
2039 11 11 2.0 % 928 2.4 %
2040 31 31 1.5 % 312 0.8 %
2041 40 40 5.7 % 1,731 4.5 %
2042 59 59 11.3 % 4,813 12.6 %
Thereafter 12 12 3.3 % 2,441 6.4 %
Untenanted properties 2 — — 224 0.6 %
Total 800 806 100.0 % 38,240 100.0 %

All values are in US Dollars.

Substantially all of our leases provide for periodic contractual rent escalations. As of September 30, 2023, leases contributing 97.3% of our ABR provided for increases in future ABR, generally ranging from 1.5% to 3.0% annually, with an ABR weighted average annual minimum increase equal to 2.0% of base rent. Generally, our rent escalators increase rent on specified dates by a fixed percentage. Our escalations provide us with a source of organic revenue growth and a measure of inflation protection. Additional information on lease escalation frequency and weighted average annual escalation rates as of September 30, 2023 is displayed below:

Lease Escalation Frequency % of ABR Weighted Average Annual Minimum Increase (a)
Annually 80.3 % 2.1 %
Every 2 years 0.1 % 1.8 %
Every 3 years 2.3 % 3.1 %
Every 4 years 1.1 % 2.4 %
Every 5 years 6.9 % 1.7 %
Other escalation frequencies 6.6 % 1.6 %
Flat 2.7 % —
Total/Weighted Average (b) 100.0 % 2.0 %

(a) Represents the ABR weighted average annual minimum increase of the entire portfolio as if all escalations occurred annually. For leases where rent escalates by the greater of a stated fixed percentage or the change in CPI, we have assumed an escalation equal to the stated fixed percentage in the lease. As of September 30, 2023, leases contributing 5.2% of our ABR provide for rent increases equal to the lesser of a stated fixed percentage or the change in CPI. As any future increase in CPI is unknowable at this time, we have not included an increase in the rent pursuant to these leases in the weighted average annual minimum increase presented.

(b) Weighted by ABR.

The escalation provisions of our leases (by percentage of ABR) as of September 30, 2023, are displayed in the following chart:

img145155378_3.jpg

Results of Operations

The following discussion includes the results of our operations for the periods presented.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2023

Lease Revenues, net

For the Three Months Ended
September 30, June 30, Increase/(Decrease)
(in thousands) 2023 2023 %
Contractual rental amounts billed for operating leases $ 96,333 $ 96,456 ) (0.1 ) %
Adjustment to recognize contractual operating lease <br>   billings on a straight-line basis 6,891 7,380 ) (6.6 ) %
Variable rental amounts earned 513 452 13.5 %
Earned income from direct financing leases 687 689 ) (0.3 ) %
Interest income from sales-type leases 14 15 ) (6.7 ) %
Operating expenses billed to tenants 5,181 4,594 12.8 %
Other income from real estate transactions 19 3 > 100.0 %
Adjustment to revenue recognized for uncollectible <br>   rental amounts billed, net (95 ) (236 ) 59.7 %
Total Lease revenues, net $ 109,543 $ 109,353 0.2 %

All values are in US Dollars.

The increase in Lease revenues, net, was primarily attributable to an increase in operating expenses billed to tenants of $0.6 million combined with a decrease in bad debt (Adjustment to revenue recognized for uncollectible rental amounts billed, net). These amounts were offset by a decrease in GAAP revenues associated with net dispositions during the quarter.

Operating Expenses

For the Three Months Ended
September 30, June 30, Increase/(Decrease)
(in thousands) 2023 2023 %
Operating expenses
Depreciation and amortization $ 38,533 $ 39,031 ) (1.3 ) %
Property and operating expense 5,707 4,988 14.4 %
General and administrative 10,143 9,483 7.0 %
Total operating expenses $ 54,383 $ 53,502 1.6 %

All values are in US Dollars.

Depreciation and amortization

The decrease in depreciation and amortization for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily due to net dispositions during the quarter.

Property and operating expense

The increase in property and operating expenses was primarily due to an increase in reimbursable expenses, with a corresponding offset in Lease revenues, net.

General and administrative

The increase in general and administrative expense is primarily driven by severance expense during the three months ended September 30, 2023.

Other income (expenses)

For the Three Months Ended
September 30, June 30, Increase/(Decrease)
(in thousands) 2023 2023 %
Other income (expenses)
Interest income $ 127 $ 82 54.9 %
Interest expense (19,665 ) (20,277 ) ) (3.0 ) %
Gain on sale of real estate 15,163 29,462 ) (48.5 ) %
Income taxes (104 ) (448 ) ) (76.8 ) %
Other income (expenses) 1,464 (1,674 ) > 100.0 %

All values are in US Dollars.

Gain on sale of real estate

Our recognition of a gain or loss on the sale of real estate varies from transaction to transaction based on fluctuations in asset prices and demand in the real estate market. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized a gain of $15.2 million on the sale of two properties, compared to a gain of $29.5 million on the sale of four properties during the three months ended June 30, 2023.

Other income (expenses)

The increase in other income (expense) is due to the fluctuation of realized and unrealized foreign exchange gain/loss. For the three months ended September 30, 2023, there was a gain in realized and unrealized foreign exchange of $1.4 million compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023, where there was a loss of $1.7 million.

Net income and Net earnings per diluted share

For the Three Months Ended
September 30, June 30, Increase/(Decrease)
(in thousands, except per share data) 2023 2023 %
Net income $ 52,145 $ 62,996 ) (17.2 ) %
Net earnings per diluted share 0.26 0.32 ) (18.8 ) %

All values are in US Dollars.

The decrease in net income is primarily attributable to a $14.3 million decrease in gain on the sale of real estate and a $0.6 million decrease in operating lease revenue, partially offset by a $3.1 million increase in other income (expense) and a $0.5 million decrease in depreciation and amortization.

GAAP net income includes items such as gain or loss on sale of real estate and provisions for impairment, among others, which can vary from quarter to quarter and impact period-over-period comparisons.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022

Lease Revenues, net

For the Nine Months Ended
September 30, Increase/(Decrease)
(in thousands) 2023 2022 %
Contractual rental amounts billed for operating leases $ 290,891 $ 263,109 27,782 10.6 %
Adjustment to recognize contractual operating lease <br>   billings on a straight-line basis 21,641 15,455 6,186 40.0 %
Net write-offs of accrued rental income (105 ) (1,326 ) 1,221 92.1 %
Variable rental amounts earned 1,306 786 520 66.2 %
Earned income from direct financing leases 2,067 2,163 (96 ) (4.4 ) %
Interest income from sales-type leases 43 43 — %
Operating expenses billed to tenants 14,850 14,059 791 5.6 %
Other income from real estate transactions 7,414 1,050 6,364 > 100.0 %
Adjustment to revenue recognized for uncollectible <br>   rental amounts billed, net (220 ) 39 (259 ) < (100.0) %
Total Lease revenues, net $ 337,887 $ 295,378 42,509 14.4 %

All values are in US Dollars.

The increase in Lease revenues, net was primarily attributable to growth in our real estate portfolio through property acquisitions closed since September 30, 2022. During the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, we invested $362.5 million, excluding capitalized acquisition costs, in 28 properties at a weighted average initial cash capitalization rate of 6.7%. The increase is also attributable to an increase in lease termination income.

Operating Expenses

For the Nine Months Ended
September 30, Increase/(Decrease)
(in thousands) 2023 2022 %
Operating expenses
Depreciation and amortization $ 119,348 $ 109,201 9.3 %
Property and operating expense 16,580 15,376 7.8 %
General and administrative 30,043 28,058 7.1 %
Provision for impairment of investment in rental properties 1,473 5,535 ) (73.4 ) %
Total operating expenses $ 167,444 $ 158,170 5.9 %

All values are in US Dollars.

Depreciation and amortization

The increase in depreciation and amortization for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily due to growth in our real estate portfolio.

General and administrative

The increase in general and administrative expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily due to increased stock-based compensation expense associated with an additional annual grant during the first quarter of 2023, and an increase in payroll expense related to general annual cost of living adjustments.

Property and operating expense

The increase in property and operating expense is primarily due to the growth in our real estate portfolio. The increase was mostly offset by tenant reimbursements recognized as operating expenses billed to tenants in lease revenues, net above.

Provision for impairment of investment in rental properties

The following table presents the impairment charges for the respective periods:

For the Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(in thousands, except number of properties) 2023 2022
Number of properties 1 3
Carrying value prior to impairment charge $ 4,236 $ 12,721
Fair value 2,763 7,186
Impairment charge $ 1,473 $ 5,535

The timing and amount of impairment fluctuates from period to period depending on the specific facts and circumstances.

Other income (expenses)

For the Nine Months Ended
September 30, Increase/(Decrease)
(in thousands) 2023 2022 %
Other income (expenses)
Interest income $ 370 $ 4 > 100.0 %
Interest expense (61,081 ) (54,879 ) 11.3 %
Cost of debt extinguishment - (231 ) ) (100.0 ) %
Gain on sale of real estate 48,040 5,328 > 100.0 %
Income taxes (1,030 ) (1,169 ) ) (11.9 ) %
Other (expenses) income (227 ) 6,441 ) < (100.0) %

All values are in US Dollars.

Interest expense

The increase in interest expense reflects an increase in our weighted average cost of borrowings. At September 30, 2023, the one-month SOFR rate was 5.32%, compared with 3.04% at September 30, 2022. This is offset with decreased average outstanding borrowings. Since September 30, 2022, we decreased total outstanding borrowings by $160.8 million. Of our $1.9 billion of total outstanding indebtedness, the amount held on the United States Dollar (”USD”) Revolving Credit Facility borrowings is variable and unhedged and therefore subject to the impact of fluctuations in interest rates.

Gain on sale of real estate

Our recognition of a gain or loss on the sale of real estate varies from transaction to transaction based on fluctuations in asset prices and demand in the real estate market. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized a gain of $48.0 million on the sale of nine properties, compared to a gain of $5.3 million on the sale of five properties during the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Other income (expenses)

The decrease in other (expenses) income during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily due to a $0.3 million unrealized foreign exchange loss recognized on the quarterly remeasurement of our $100 million Canadian Dollars ("CAD") Revolving Credit Facility borrowings, compared to a $6.4 million unrealized foreign exchange gain recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Net income and Net earnings per diluted share

For the Nine Months Ended
September 30, Increase/(Decrease)
(in thousands, except per share data) 2023 2022 %
Net income $ 156,515 $ 92,702 68.8 %
Net earnings per diluted share 0.80 0.52 53.8 %

All values are in US Dollars.

The increase in net income is primarily due to an increase on gain on sale of real estate of $42.7 million, a $42.5 million increase in revenue, and a $4.1 million decrease in the provision for impairment of investment in rental properties. These factors were partially offset by a $10.1 million increase in depreciation and amortization, a $6.6 million decrease in other (expenses) income, a $6.2 million increase in interest expense, a $2.0 million increase in general and administrative expense, and a $1.2 million increase in property and operating expenses.

GAAP net income includes items such as gain or loss on sale of real estate and provisions for impairment, among others, which can vary from quarter to quarter and impact period-over-period comparisons.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

General

We acquire real estate using a combination of debt and equity capital, cash from operations that is not otherwise distributed to our stockholders, and proceeds from the disposition of real estate properties. Our focus is on maximizing the risk-adjusted return to our stockholders through an appropriate balance of debt and equity in our capital structure. We are committed to maintaining an investment grade balance sheet through active management of our leverage profile and overall liquidity position. We believe our leverage strategy has allowed us to take advantage of the lower cost of debt while simultaneously strengthening our balance sheet, as evidenced by our current investment grade credit ratings of ‘BBB’ from S&P Global Ratings (“S&P”) and ‘Baa2’ from Moody’s Investors Service (“Moody’s”). We manage our leverage profile using a ratio of Net Debt to Annualized Adjusted EBITDAre, a non-GAAP financial measure, which we believe is a useful measure of our ability to repay debt and a relative measure of leverage, and is used in communications with lenders and with rating agencies regarding our credit rating. We seek to maintain on a sustained basis a Net Debt to Annualized Adjusted EBITDAre ratio that is generally less than 6.0x. As of September 30, 2023, we had total debt outstanding of $1.9 billion, Net Debt of $1.9 billion, and a Net Debt to Annualized Adjusted EBITDAre ratio of 4.9x.

Net Debt and Annualized Adjusted EBITDAre are non-GAAP financial measures, and Annualized Adjusted EBITDAre is calculated based upon EBITDA, EBITDAre, and Adjusted EBITDAre, each of which is also a non-GAAP financial measure. Refer to Non-GAAP Measures below for further details concerning our calculation of non-GAAP measures and reconciliations to the comparable GAAP measure.

Liquidity/REIT Requirements

Liquidity is a measure of our ability to meet potential cash requirements, including our ongoing commitments to repay debt, fund our operations, acquire properties, make distributions to our stockholders, and other general business needs. As a REIT, we are required to distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable income determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding net capital gains, on an annual basis. As a result, it is unlikely that we will be able to retain substantial cash balances to meet our long-term liquidity needs, including repayment of debt and the acquisition of additional properties, from our annual taxable income. Instead, we expect to meet our long-term liquidity needs primarily by relying upon external sources of capital.

Short-term Liquidity Requirements

Our short-term liquidity requirements consist primarily of funds necessary to pay for our operating expenses, including our general and administrative expenses and interest payments on our outstanding debt, to pay distributions, to fund our acquisitions that are under control or expected to close within a short time period, and to pay for commitments to fund development opportunities, tenant improvements, and revenue generating capital expenditures. Under leases where we are required to bear the cost of structural repairs and replacements, we do not currently anticipate making significant capital expenditures or incurring other significant property costs, including as a result of inflationary pressures in the current economic environment, because of the strong occupancy levels across our portfolio and the net lease nature of our leases. We expect to meet our short-term liquidity requirements primarily from cash and cash equivalents balances and net cash provided by operating activities, supplemented by borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility. We intend to match fund our acquisitions with an appropriate mix of debt and equity capital. We use cash on hand and borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility to initially fund acquisitions, which are subsequently repaid or replaced with proceeds from our equity and debt capital markets activities as well as proceeds from dispositions.

As detailed in the contractual obligations table below, we have approximately $247.2 million of expected obligations due throughout the remainder of 2023, primarily consisting of $173.4 million of commitments to fund investments, $54.9 million of dividends declared, $18.3 million of interest expense due, and $0.6 million of mortgage amortization. We expect our cash provided by operating activities, as discussed below, will be sufficient to pay for our current obligations including interest and mortgage amortization. We expect to pay for commitments to fund investments and our dividends declared using our Revolving Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2023, we have $925.9 million of available capacity under our Revolving Credit Facility.

Long-term Liquidity Requirements

Our long-term liquidity requirements consist primarily of funds necessary to repay debt and invest in additional revenue generating properties. We expect to source debt capital from unsecured term loans from commercial banks, revolving credit facilities, private placement senior unsecured notes, and public bond offerings.

The source and mix of our debt capital in the future will be impacted by market conditions as well as our continued focus on lengthening our debt maturity profile to better align with our portfolio’s long-term leases, staggering debt maturities to reduce the risk that a significant amount of debt will mature in any single year in the future, and managing our exposure to interest rate risk. We have no material debt maturities until 2026, as detailed in the table below.

We expect to meet our long-term liquidity requirements primarily from borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility, future debt and equity financings, and proceeds from limited sales of our properties. Our ability to access these capital sources may be impacted by unfavorable market conditions, particularly in the debt and equity capital markets, that are outside of our control. In addition, our success will depend on our operating performance, our borrowing restrictions, our degree of leverage, and other factors. Our acquisition growth strategy significantly depends on our ability to obtain acquisition financing on favorable terms. We seek to reduce the risk that long-term debt capital may be unavailable to us by strengthening our balance sheet by investing in real estate with creditworthy tenants and lease guarantors, and by maintaining an appropriate mix of debt and equity capitalization. We also, from time to time, obtain or assume non-recourse mortgage financing from banks and insurance companies secured by mortgages on the corresponding specific property subject to limitations imposed by our Revolving Credit Facility covenants and our investment grade credit rating. We have no material debt maturities until 2026.

Equity Capital Resources

Our equity capital is primarily provided through our at-the-market common equity offering program (“ATM Program”), as well as follow-on equity offerings. Under the terms of our ATM Program we may, from time to time, publicly offer and sell shares of our common stock having an aggregate gross sales price of up to $400 million. The ATM Program provides for forward sale agreements, enabling us to set the price of shares upon pricing the offering while delaying the issuance of shares and the receipt of the net proceeds. We did not raise any equity on our ATM Program during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, and have approximately $145.4 million of capacity remaining on the ATM Program as of September 30, 2023.

Our public offerings have been used to repay debt, fund acquisitions, and for other general corporate purposes.

Unsecured Indebtedness as of September 30, 2023

The following table sets forth our outstanding revolving credit facility, unsecured term loans and senior unsecured notes at September 30, 2023.

(in thousands, except interest rates) Outstanding <br>Balance Interest<br>Rate Maturity<br>Date
Unsecured revolving credit facility $ 74,060 Applicable reference rate + 0.85% (a) Mar. 2026(d)
Unsecured term loans:
2026 Unsecured Term Loan 400,000 one-month adjusted SOFR + 1.00% (b)(c) Feb. 2026
2027 Unsecured Term Loan 200,000 one-month adjusted SOFR + 0.95% (c) Aug. 2027
2029 Unsecured Term Loan 300,000 one-month adjusted SOFR + 1.25% (c) Aug. 2029
Total unsecured term loans 900,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs, net (4,367 )
Total unsecured term loans, net 895,633
Senior unsecured notes:
2027 Senior Unsecured Notes - Series A 150,000 4.84% Apr. 2027
2028 Senior Unsecured Notes - Series B 225,000 5.09% Jul. 2028
2030 Senior Unsecured Notes - Series C 100,000 5.19% Jul. 2030
2031 Senior Unsecured Public Notes 375,000 2.60% Sep. 2031
Total senior unsecured notes 850,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs and <br>   original issuance discount, net (4,879 )
Total senior unsecured notes, net 845,121
Total unsecured debt $ 1,814,814

(a) At September 30, 2023, the balance includes $100 million CAD borrowings remeasured to $74.1 million USD, and was subject to the one-month Canadian Dollar Offered Rate of 5.39%.

(b) Effective July 1, 2023, the loan converted into a one-month SOFR borrowing concurrent with LIBOR's cessation.

(c) At September 30, 2023, one-month SOFR was 5.32%.

(d) Our Revolving Credit Facility contains two six-month extension options subject to certain conditions, including the payment of an extension fee equal to 0.0625% of the revolving commitments.

Debt Covenants

We are subject to various covenants and financial reporting requirements pursuant to our debt facilities, which are summarized below. As of September 30, 2023, we believe we were in compliance with all of our covenants on all outstanding borrowings. In the event of default, either through default on payments or breach of covenants, we may be restricted from paying dividends to our stockholders in excess of dividends required to maintain our REIT qualification. For each of the previous three years, we paid dividends out of our cash flows from operations in excess of the distribution amounts required to maintain our REIT qualification.

Covenants Requirements
Leverage Ratio ≤ 0.60 to 1.00
Secured Indebtedness Ratio ≤ 0.40 to 1.00
Unencumbered Coverage Ratio ≥ 1.75 to 1.00
Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio ≥ 1.50 to 1.00
Total Unsecured Indebtedness to Total Unencumbered Eligible Property Value ≤ 0.60 to 1.00
Dividends and Other Restricted Payments Only applicable in case of default
Aggregate Debt Ratio ≤ 0.60 to 1.00
Consolidated Income Available for Debt to Annual Debt Service Charge ≥ 1.50 to 1.00
Total Unencumbered Assets to Total Unsecured Debt ≥ 1.50 to 1.00
Secured Debt Ratio ≤ 0.40 to 1.00

Contractual Obligations

The following table provides information with respect to our contractual commitments and obligations as of September 30, 2023 (in thousands). Refer to the discussion in the Liquidity and Capital Resources section above for further discussion over our short and long-term obligations.

Year of<br>Maturity Revolving Credit<br>Facility (a) Mortgages Term Loans Senior Notes Interest<br>Expense (b) Dividends (c) Commitments to Fund Investments (d) Total
Remainder<br>   of 2023 $ — $ 554 $ — $ — $ 18,325 $ 54,925 $ 123,522 $ 197,326
2024 — 2,260 — — 72,829 — 113,332 188,421
2025 — 20,195 — — 75,477 — 2,000 97,672
2026 74,060 16,843 400,000 — 55,055 — — 545,958
2027 — 1,597 200,000 150,000 41,115 — — 392,712
Thereafter — 38,277 300,000 700,000 61,152 — — 1,099,429
Total $ 74,060 $ 79,726 $ 900,000 $ 850,000 $ 323,953 $ 54,925 $ 238,854 $ 2,521,518

(a) Our Revolving Credit Facility contains two six-month extension options subject to certain conditions, including the payment of an extension fee equal to 0.0625% of the revolving commitments.

(b) Interest expense is projected based on the outstanding borrowings and interest rates in effect as of September 30, 2023. This amount includes the impact of interest rate swap agreements.

(c) Amounts include dividends declared as of September 30, 2023 of $0.28 per common share and OP Unit. Future undeclared dividends have been excluded.

(d) Amounts include acquisitions under control, defined as under contract or executed letter of intent, and commitments to fund revenue generating capital expenditures and development opportunities.

At September 30, 2023 investment in rental property of $121.2 million was pledged as collateral against our mortgages.

Additionally, we are a party to two separate tax protection agreements with the contributing members of two distinct UPREIT transactions and a third tax protection agreement in connection with our internalization. The tax protection agreements require us to indemnify the beneficiaries in the event of a sale, exchange, transfer, or other disposal of the contributed property, and in the case of the tax protection agreement entered into in connection with our internalization, the entire Company, in a taxable transaction that would cause such beneficiaries to recognize a gain that is protected under the agreements, subject to certain exceptions. Based on values as of September 30, 2023, taxable sales of the applicable properties would trigger liability under the three agreements of approximately $20.4 million. Based on information available, we do not believe that the events resulting in liability as detailed above have occurred or are likely to occur in the foreseeable future. Accordingly, we have excluded these commitments from the contractual commitments table above.

In the normal course of business, we enter into various types of commitments to purchase real estate properties. These commitments are generally subject to our customary due diligence process and, accordingly, a number of specific conditions must be met before we are obligated to purchase the properties.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

We are exposed to interest rate risk arising from changes in interest rates on the floating-rate borrowings under our unsecured credit facilities. Borrowings pursuant to our unsecured credit facilities bear interest at floating rates based on SOFR, or CDOR plus an applicable margin. Accordingly, fluctuations in market interest rates may increase or decrease our interest expense, which will in turn, increase or decrease our net income and cash flow.

We attempt to manage the interest rate risk on variable rate borrowings by entering into interest rate swaps. As of September 30, 2023, we had 32 interest rate swaps outstanding with an aggregate notional amount of $974.1 million. Under these agreements, we receive monthly payments from the counterparties equal to the related variable interest rates multiplied by the outstanding notional amounts. In turn, we pay the counterparties each month an amount equal to a fixed interest rate multiplied by the related outstanding notional amounts. The intended net impact of these transactions is that we pay a fixed interest rate on our variable-rate borrowings. The interest rate swaps have been designated by us as cash flow hedges for accounting purposes and are reported at fair value. We assess, both at inception and on an ongoing basis, the effectiveness of our qualifying cash flow hedges. We have not entered, and do not intend to enter, into derivative or interest rate transactions for speculative purposes.

In addition, we own investments in Canada, and as a result are subject to risk from the effects of exchange rate movements in the Canadian dollar, which may affect future costs and cash flows. We funded a significant portion of our Canadian investments through Canadian dollar borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility, which is intended to act as a natural hedge against our Canadian dollar investments. The Canadian dollar revolving borrowings are remeasured each reporting period, with the unrealized foreign currency gains and losses flowing through earnings. These unrealized foreign currency gains and losses do not impact our cash flows from operations until settled, and are expected to directly offset the changes in the value of our net investments as a result of changes in the Canadian dollar. Our Canadian investments are recorded at their historical exchange rates, and therefore are not impacted by changes in the value of the Canadian dollar.

Cash Flows

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash totaled $50.5 million and $82.4 million at September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively. The table below shows information concerning cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:

For the Nine Months Ended
September 30, September 30,
(In thousands) 2023 2022
Net cash provided by operating activities $ 210,492 $ 195,474
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 73,874 (585,158 )
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities (293,909 ) 444,276
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash $ (9,543 ) $ 54,592

The increase in net cash provided by operating activities was mainly due to growth in our real estate portfolio and associated incremental net lease revenues.

The increase in cash provided by investing activities was mainly due to decreased investment volume and increased disposition volume during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

The decrease in net cash used in financing activities mainly reflects net repayments on the unsecured revolving credit facility and increased distributions paid to shareholders. Additionally, there were no proceeds from the issuance of common stock during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to proceeds of $226.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Non-GAAP Measures

FFO, Core FFO, and AFFO

We compute Funds From Operations (“FFO”) in accordance with the standards established by the Board of Governors of Nareit, the worldwide representative voice for REITs and publicly traded real estate companies with an interest in the U.S. real estate and capital markets. Nareit defines FFO as GAAP net income or loss adjusted to exclude net gains (losses) from sales of certain depreciated real estate assets, depreciation and amortization expense from real estate assets, gains and losses from change in control, and impairment charges related to certain previously depreciated real estate assets. FFO is used by management, investors, and analysts to facilitate meaningful comparisons of operating performance between periods and among our peers, primarily because it excludes the effect of real estate depreciation and amortization and net gains (losses) on sales, which are based on historical costs and implicitly assume that the value of real estate diminishes predictably over time, rather than fluctuating based on existing market conditions.

We compute Core Funds From Operations (“Core FFO”) by adjusting FFO, as defined by Nareit, to exclude certain GAAP income and expense amounts that we believe are infrequently recurring, unusual in nature, or not related to its core real estate operations, including write-offs or recoveries of accrued rental income, lease termination fees, gain on insurance recoveries, cost of debt extinguishments, unrealized and realized gains or losses on foreign currency transactions, severance and executive transition costs, and other extraordinary items. Exclusion of these items from similar FFO-type metrics is common within the equity REIT industry, and management believes that presentation of Core FFO provides investors with a metric to assist in their evaluation of our operating performance across multiple periods and in comparison to the operating performance of our peers, because it removes the effect of unusual items that are not expected to impact our operating performance on an ongoing basis.

We compute Adjusted Funds From Operations (“AFFO”), by adjusting Core FFO for certain non-cash revenues and expenses, including straight-line rents, amortization of lease intangibles, amortization of debt issuance costs, amortization of net mortgage premiums, (gain) loss on interest rate swaps and other non-cash interest expense, stock-based compensation, and other specified non-cash items. We believe that excluding such items assists management and investors in distinguishing whether changes in our operations are due to growth or decline of operations at our properties or from other factors. We use AFFO as a measure of our performance when we formulate corporate goals, and is a factor in determining management compensation. We believe that AFFO is a useful supplemental measure for investors to consider because it will help them to better assess our operating performance without the distortions created by non-cash revenues or expenses.

Specific to our adjustment for straight-line rents, our leases include cash rents that increase over the term of the lease to compensate us for anticipated increases in market rental rates over time. Our leases do not include significant front-loading or back-loading of payments, or significant rent-free periods. Therefore, we find it useful to evaluate rent on a contractual basis as it allows for comparison of existing rental rates to market rental rates.

FFO, Core FFO, and AFFO may not be comparable to similarly titled measures employed by other REITs, and comparisons of our FFO, Core FFO, and AFFO with the same or similar measures disclosed by other REITs may not be meaningful.

Neither the SEC nor any other regulatory body has passed judgment on the acceptability of the adjustments to FFO that we use to calculate Core FFO and AFFO. In the future, the SEC, Nareit or another regulatory body may decide to standardize the allowable adjustments across the REIT industry and in response to such standardization we may have to adjust our calculation and characterization of Core FFO and AFFO accordingly.

The following table reconciles net income (which is the most comparable GAAP measure) to FFO, Core FFO, and AFFO:

For the Three Months Ended For the Nine Months Ended
(in thousands, except per share data) September 30,<br>2023 June 30, <br>2023 September 30,<br>2023 September 30,<br>2022
Net income $ 52,145 $ 62,996 $ 156,515 $ 92,702
Real property depreciation and amortization 38,496 38,990 119,231 109,104
Gain on sale of real estate (15,163 ) (29,462 ) (48,040 ) (5,328 )
Provision for impairment on investment in rental properties — — 1,473 5,535
FFO $ 75,478 $ 72,524 $ 229,179 $ 202,013
Net write-offs of accrued rental income — — 297 1,326
Lease termination fees — — (7,500 ) (791 )
Cost of debt extinguishment — 3 3 231
Severance and executive transition costs (a) 740 183 1,404 401
Other (income) expenses (b) (1,464 ) 1,671 225 (6,441 )
Core FFO $ 74,754 $ 74,381 $ 223,608 $ 196,739
Straight-line rent adjustment (6,785 ) (7,276 ) (21,332 ) (15,075 )
Adjustment to provision for credit losses — (10 ) (10 ) (5 )
Amortization of debt issuance costs 983 986 2,955 2,704
Amortization of net mortgage premiums — (52 ) (78 ) (78 )
Loss on interest rate swaps and other non-cash interest expense 522 521 1,565 1,993
Amortization of lease intangibles (c) (1,056 ) (1,085 ) (4,832 ) (3,501 )
Stock-based compensation 1,540 1,539 4,570 3,813
AFFO $ 69,958 $ 69,004 $ 206,446 $ 186,590

(a) Amount includes $0.7 million and $0.2 million of employee severance costs and executive transition costs during the three months ended September 30, 2023, and June 30, 2023, respectively. Amount includes $1.4 million of employee severance costs and executive transition costs and $0.4 million of employee severance costs during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

(b) Amount includes $(1.4) million and $1.7 million of unrealized foreign exchange (gain) loss for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and June 30, 2023, respectively, and $0.3 million and $(6.4) million of unrealized foreign exchange loss (gain) for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, primarily associated with our Canadian dollar denominated revolving borrowings.

(c) Amount includes $1.5 million of accelerated amortization of lease intangibles for an early lease termination of a property during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDAre and Annualized Adjusted EBITDAre

We compute EBITDA as earnings before interest, income taxes and depreciation and amortization. EBITDA is a measure commonly used in our industry. We believe that this ratio provides investors and analysts with a measure of our performance that includes our operating results unaffected by the differences in capital structures, capital investment cycles and useful life of related assets compared to other companies in our industry. We compute EBITDAre in accordance with the definition adopted by Nareit, as EBITDA excluding gains (losses) from the sales of depreciable property and provisions for impairment on investment in real estate. We believe EBITDA and EBITDAre are useful to investors and analysts because they provide important supplemental information about our operating performance exclusive of certain non-cash and other costs. EBITDA and EBITDAre are not measures of financial performance under GAAP, and our EBITDA and EBITDAre may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. You should not consider our EBITDA and EBITDAre as alternatives to net income or cash flows from operating activities determined in accordance with GAAP.

We are focused on a disciplined and targeted investment strategy, together with active asset management that includes selective sales of properties. We manage our leverage profile using a ratio of Net Debt to Annualized Adjusted EBITDAre, each discussed further below, which we believe is a useful measure of our ability to repay debt and a relative measure of leverage, and is used in communications with our lenders and rating agencies regarding our credit rating. As we fund new investments using our unsecured Revolving Credit Facility, our leverage profile and Net Debt will be immediately impacted by current quarter investments. However, the full benefit of EBITDAre from new investments will not be received in the same quarter in which the properties are acquired. Additionally, EBITDAre for the quarter includes amounts generated by properties that have been sold during the quarter. Accordingly, the variability in EBITDAre caused by the timing of our investments and dispositions can temporarily distort our leverage ratios. We adjust EBITDAre (“Adjusted EBITDAre”) for the most recently completed quarter (i) to recalculate as if all investments and dispositions had occurred at the beginning of the quarter, (ii) to exclude certain GAAP income and expense amounts that are either non-cash, such as cost of debt extinguishments, realized or unrealized gains and losses on foreign currency transactions, or gains on insurance recoveries, or that we believe are one time, or unusual in nature because they relate to unique circumstances or transactions that had not previously occurred and which we do not anticipate occurring in the future, and (iii) to eliminate the impact of lease termination fees and other items that are not a result of normal operations. While investments in property developments have an immediate impact to Net Debt, we do not make an adjustment to EBITDAre until the quarter in which the lease commences. We then annualize quarterly Adjusted EBITDAre by multiplying it by four (“Annualized Adjusted EBITDAre”). You should not unduly rely on this measure as it is based on assumptions and estimates that may prove to be inaccurate. Our actual reported EBITDAre for future periods may be significantly different from our Annualized Adjusted EBITDAre. Adjusted EBITDAre and Annualized Adjusted EBITDAre are not measurements of performance under GAAP, and our Adjusted EBITDAre and Annualized Adjusted EBITDAre may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. You should not consider our Adjusted EBITDAre and Annualized Adjusted EBITDAre as alternatives to net income or cash flows from operating activities determined in accordance with GAAP.

The following table reconciles net income (which is the most comparable GAAP measure) to EBITDA, EBITDAre, and Adjusted EBITDAre. Information is also presented with respect to Annualized EBITDAre and Annualized Adjusted EBITDAre:

For the Three Months Ended
(in thousands) September 30,<br>2023 June 30, <br>2023 September 30,<br>2022
Net income $ 52,145 $ 62,996 $ 28,709
Depreciation and amortization 38,533 39,031 39,400
Interest expense 19,665 20,277 20,095
Income taxes 104 448 356
EBITDA $ 110,447 $ 122,752 $ 88,560
Provision for impairment of investment in rental properties — — 4,155
Gain on sale of real estate (15,163 ) (29,462 ) (61 )
EBITDAre $ 95,284 $ 93,290 $ 92,654
Adjustment for current quarter investment activity (a) 26 342 2,358
Adjustment for current quarter disposition activity (b) (400 ) (444 ) —
Adjustment to exclude non-recurring and other expenses (c) 740 183 —
Adjustment to exclude realized / unrealized foreign exchange (gain) loss (1,433 ) 1,681 (4,934 )
Adjustment to exclude cost of debt extinguishments — 3 231
Adjustment to exclude lease termination fees — — (791 )
Adjusted EBITDAre $ 94,217 $ 95,055 $ 89,518
Annualized EBITDAre $ 381,136 $ 373,160 $ 370,616
Annualized Adjusted EBITDAre $ 376,868 $ 380,220 $ 358,072

(a) Reflects an adjustment to give effect to all investments during the quarter as if they had been made as of the beginning of the quarter.

(b) Reflects an adjustment to give effect to all dispositions during the quarter as if they had been sold as of the beginning of the quarter.

(c) Amount includes $0.7 million and $0.2 million of employee severance costs and executive transition costs during the three months ended September 30, 2023, and June 30, 2023, respectively.

Net Debt, Net Debt to Annualized EBITDAre and Net Debt to Annualized Adjusted EBITDAre

We define Net Debt as gross debt (total reported debt plus debt issuance costs) less cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash. We believe that the presentation of Net Debt to Annualized EBITDAre and Net Debt to Annualized Adjusted EBITDAre is useful to investors and analysts because these ratios provide information about gross debt less cash and cash equivalents, which could be used to repay debt, compared to our performance as measured using EBITDAre, and is used in communications with lenders and rating agencies regarding our credit rating. The following table reconciles total debt (which is the most comparable GAAP measure) to Net Debt, and presents the ratio of Net Debt to Annualized EBITDAre and Net Debt to Annualized Adjusted EBITDAre, respectively:

(in thousands) September 30,<br>2023 June 30, <br>2023 September 30,<br>2022
Debt
Unsecured revolving credit facility $ 74,060 $ 122,912 $ 219,537
Unsecured term loans, net 895,633 895,319 894,378
Senior unsecured notes, net 845,121 844,932 844,367
Mortgages, net 79,613 80,141 94,753
Debt issuance costs 9,360 9,872 11,498
Gross Debt 1,903,787 1,953,176 2,064,533
Cash and cash equivalents (35,061 ) (20,763 ) (75,912 )
Restricted cash (15,436 ) (15,502 ) (6,449 )
Net Debt $ 1,853,290 $ 1,916,911 $ 1,982,172
Net Debt to Annualized EBITDAre 4.9x 5.1x 5.3x
Net Debt to Annualized Adjusted EBITDAre 4.9x 5.0x 5.5x

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is based upon our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses as well as other disclosures in the financial statements. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. These judgments affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates and assumptions; however, actual results may differ from these estimates and assumptions, which in turn could have a material impact on our financial statements. A summary of our significant accounting policies and procedures are included in Note 2, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies," in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We believe there have been no significant changes during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, to the items that we disclosed as our critical accounting policies and estimates in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K, except as noted below regarding long-lived asset impairment.

Long-lived Asset Impairment

We review long-lived assets to be held and used for possible impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. If, and when, such events or changes in circumstances are present, an impairment exists to the extent the carrying value of the long-lived asset or asset group exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the long-lived asset or asset group and its eventual disposition. Such cash flows include expected future operating income, as adjusted for trends and prospects, as well as the effects of demand, competition, and other factors. An impairment loss is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the long-lived asset or asset group exceeds the fair value.

Significant judgment is made to determine if and when impairment should be taken. Specifically, management’s decision of whether to hold or sell an asset is the most subjective and sensitive assumption in determining whether impairment exists. Generally speaking, the long-term nature of our net leases will produce significant undiscounted cash flows that, together with a property’s residual value, will often result in an asset being recoverable. To the extent we change our long-term hold strategy, our estimate of sales price becomes the primary source of undiscounted cash flows and therefore a significant input into our recoverability assessment. As of September 30, 2023, we evaluated a healthcare asset with a carrying value of $55.3 million for recoverability based on the tenant’s delay in meeting certain criteria necessary to operate the property as intended. As of September 30, 2023, our long-term hold strategy resulted in a conclusion that the asset was recoverable. Nonetheless, it is reasonably possible that the estimate of undiscounted cash flows may change in the near term resulting in the need to recognize impairment. Of note, continued delays in the current tenant’s ability to perform under the lease combined with an increase in management’s likelihood of selling the asset at a value below the carrying value could result in an impairment, which may be material.

Impact of Recent Accounting Pronouncements

For information on the impact of recent accounting pronouncements on our business, see Note 2 of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk

We are exposed to certain market risks, one of the most predominant of which is a change in interest rates. Increases in interest rates can result in increased interest expense under our Revolving Credit Facility and other variable-rate debt. Increases in interest rates can also result in increased interest expense when our fixed rate debt matures and needs to be refinanced. We attempt to manage interest rate risk by entering into long-term fixed rate debt, entering into interest rate swaps to convert certain variable-rate debt to a fixed rate, and staggering our debt maturities. We have designated the interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges for accounting purposes and they are reported at fair value. We have not entered, and do not intend to enter, into derivative or interest rate transactions for speculative purposes. Further information concerning our interest rate swaps can be found in Note 9 in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Our fixed-rate debt includes our senior unsecured notes, mortgages, and variable-rate debt converted to a fixed rate with the use of interest rate swaps. Our fixed-rate debt had a carrying value and fair value of approximately $1.9 billion and $1.7 billion, respectively, as of September 30, 2023. Changes in market interest rates impact the fair value of our fixed-rate debt, but they have no impact on interest incurred or on cash flows. For instance, if interest rates were to increase 1%, and the fixed-rate debt balance were to remain constant, we would expect the fair value of our debt to decrease, similar to how the price of a bond decreases as interest rates rise. A 1% increase in market interest rates would have resulted in a decrease in the fair value of our fixed-rate debt of approximately $64.1 million as of September 30, 2023.

Borrowings pursuant to our Revolving Credit Facility and other variable-rate debt bear interest at rates based on the applicable reference rate plus an applicable margin, and totaled $1.0 billion as of September 30, 2023. At September 30, 2023, all variable-rate debt was 100% swapped via interest rate swaps. Therefore, considering the effect of our interest rate swaps, a 1% increase or decrease in interest rates would have no effect in interest expense annually.

With the exception of our interest rate swap transactions, we have not engaged in transactions in derivative financial instruments or derivative commodity instruments.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

We own investments in Canada, and as a result are subject to risk from the effects of exchange rate movements in the Canadian dollar, which may affect future costs and cash flows. We funded a significant portion of our Canadian investments through Canadian dollar borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility, which is intended to act as a natural hedge against our Canadian dollar investments. To the extent that currency fluctuations increase or decrease rental revenues, as translated to U.S. dollars, the change in debt service (comprised of interest payments), as translated to U.S. dollars, will partially offset the effect of fluctuations in revenue and, to some extent, mitigate the risk from changes in foreign currency exchange rates. We believe the foreign currency exchange rate risk on the remaining cash flows is immaterial.

Additionally, our Canadian dollar revolving borrowings are remeasured each reporting period, with the unrealized foreign currency gains and losses flowing through earnings. These unrealized foreign currency gains and losses do not impact our cash flows from operations until settled, and are expected to directly offset the changes in the value of our net investments as a result of changes in the Canadian dollar. Our Canadian investments are recorded at their historical exchange rates, and therefore are not impacted by changes in the value of the Canadian dollar.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. As of and for the quarter ended September 30, 2023, we carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective and were operating at a reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

From time to time, we are subject to various lawsuits, claims, and other legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of our business. We are not currently a party to legal proceedings that we believe would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations. We are not aware of any material legal proceedings to which we or any of our subsidiaries are a party or to which any of our property is subject, nor are we aware of any such legal proceedings contemplated by government agencies.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes from the risk factors set forth in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds from Registered Securities.

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

None of our officers or directors adopted or terminated any contract, instruction, or written plan for the purchase or sale of our securities intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) or any non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement.

Item 6. Exhibits

No. Description
3.1 Articles of Incorporation of Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Corporation’s Registration Statement on Form 10 filed April 24, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference)
3.2 Articles of Amendment of Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 18, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference)
3.3 Articles Supplementary of Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 18, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference)
3.4 Articles of Amendment of Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 3.3 to the Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 18, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference)
3.5 Articles of Amendment and Restatement of Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 8, 2023 and incorporated herein by reference)
3.6 Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of Broadstone Net Lease, Inc., adopted March 23, 2020 (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 25, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference)
4.1 Indenture, dated as of September 15, 2021, among the Issuer, the Company and the Trustee, including the form of the Guarantee (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 10, 2021 and incorporated herein by reference)
4.2 First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 15, 2021, among the Issuer, the Company and the Trustee, including the form of the Notes (filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 10, 2021 and incorporated herein by reference)
31.1* Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2* Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1*† Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2*† Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL Document
101.SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

* Filed herewith.

  •     Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

† In accordance with Item 601(b)(32) of Regulation S-K, this Exhibit is not deemed "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section. Such certifications will not be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that the Registrant specifically incorporates it by reference.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

BROADSTONE NET LEASE, INC.
Date: November 2, 2023 /s/ John D. Moragne
John D. Moragne
Chief Executive Officer
Date: November 2, 2023 /s/ Kevin M. Fennell
Kevin M. Fennell
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

(Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification)

I, John D. Moragne, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. for the quarter ended

September 30, 2023;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 2, 2023 /s/ John D. Moragne
John D. Moragne
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

(Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification)

I, Kevin M. Fennell, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. for the quarter ended

September 30, 2023;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 2, 2023 /s/ Kevin M. Fennell
Kevin M. Fennell
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

EX-32.1

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

(Section 1350 Certification)

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. (the “Company”) for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 (the “Second Quarter 10-Q”), and pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned, John D. Moragne, Chief Executive Officer, certifies, to the best of his knowledge, that:

1. The Second Quarter 10-Q fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”); and

2. The information contained in the Second Quarter 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: November 2, 2023 /s/ John D. Moragne
John D. Moragne
Chief Executive Officer

The foregoing certification is being furnished solely to accompany the Quarterly Report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, and is not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing.

EX-32.2

EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

(Section 1350 Certification)

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. (the “Company”) for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 (the “Second Quarter 10-Q”), and pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned, Kevin M. Fennell, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certifies, to the best of his knowledge, that:

1. The Second Quarter 10-Q fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”); and

2. The information contained in the Second Quarter 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: November 2, 2023 /s/ Kevin M. Fennell
Kevin M. Fennell
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

The foregoing certification is being furnished solely to accompany the Quarterly Report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, and is not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing.

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