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6-K

COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (CSCIF)

6-K 2025-08-14 For: 2025-06-30
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UNITED

STATES

SECURITIES

AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington,

D.C. 20549

FORM

6-K

REPORT

OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER

PURSUANT

TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16 OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For

the month of August, 2025

Commission

File Number: 001-38064

COSCIENSBiopharma Inc.

(Translation of registrant’s name into English)

c/oNorton Rose Fulbright Canada, LLP, 222 Bay Street, Suite 3000, PO Box 53, Toronto ON M5K 1E7

(Address of principal executive office)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

Form 20-F ☒ Form 40-F ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1):

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7):

Exhibit 99.1, 99.2, 99.3, and 99.4 included with this Report on Form 6-K is hereby incorporated by reference into the Company’s Registration Statements on Form S-8 (No. 333-224737, No. 333-210561, No. 333-200834 and No. 333-279844) (collectively, the “Registration Statements”) and shall be deemed to be a part thereof from the date on which this Report on Form 6-K is furnished, to the extent not superseded by documents or reports subsequently filed or furnished. The information contained on any websites referenced in Exhibit 99.1 included with this Report on Form 6-K is not incorporated by reference or deemed to be a part of this Report on Form 6-K or any of the Registration Statements.

Forward-LookingStatements

The information in this Report on Form 6-K and the exhibit attached hereto and incorporated herein by reference include forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, specifically Section 27A of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Section 21E of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and under the provisions of Canadian securities laws. These forward-looking statements involve a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results and outcomes to be materially different from historical results or from any future results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those relating to the Company’s expectations regarding the anticipated benefits and synergies as well as the assets, cost structure, financial position, cash flows and growth prospects of the combined company.

Risks and factors that could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from expectations include, among others, the following:

● the<br> Company’s patented technologies and value-driving products, and development thereof;
● the<br> extraction, production and commercialization of active ingredients from natural sources and our ability to successfully market related<br> products;
● the<br> successful development and marketing of our oat-based pipeline products, including oat-beta glucan, avenanthramides and beta glucan<br> from yeast, as well as such products’ capability to address unmet needs within the nutraceuticals markets;
● Macrilen®<br> (macimorelin) and the Company’s plans in respect of same, including commercialization.
● the<br> Company’s business strategy;
● the<br> strategic decision to sunset the Company’s Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), AIM Biologicals and Delayed Clearance Parathyroid<br> Hormone (DC-PTH) programs ;
● the<br> transition to a new presidential administration in the United States, including the potential use and effects of tariffs to address<br> the administration’s policy goals, could materially impact our costs and revenues, as well as the macroeconomic framework in<br> which we operate.
● the<br> Company’s positioning in its target markets;
● the<br> Company’s ability to accelerate the scale-up of PGX Technology towards commercial levels;
● expectations<br> for completion of the Company’s Edmonton facility and Natex Termitz facility;
● pre-clinical<br> and clinical studies and trials and their expected timing and results, including the potential to bring certain products to market<br> following such studies and trials;
● the<br> ability of our pharmaceutical therapeutic assets to address unmet medical needs across a number of indications;
● management’s<br> assumptions, estimates and judgements;
● liquidity<br> and capital resources;
● adequacy<br> of our financial resources to finance operations and expenditure requirements;
● limitations<br> on internal controls over financial reporting; and
● the<br> plans, objectives, future outlook and financial position of the Company in general.

Additional risk factors that could cause actual results to differ materially include those risks identified in Item 3. “Key Information – Risk Factors” contained in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC and its other filings and submissions from time to time, including those containing its quarterly and annual results, with the SEC, which are available on the Company’s website located at www.cosciensbio.com.

Many of these risks and factors are beyond the Company’s control. The Company cautions you not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. All written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to the Company or persons acting on their behalf, are qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. Moreover, unless required by law to update these statements, the Company will not necessarily update any of these statements after the date hereof, either to conform them to actual results or to changes in their expectation.

DOCUMENTS

INDEX

Exhibit Description
99.1 COSCIENS Biopharma Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements – Second Quarter 2025 (Q2)
99.2 COSCIENS Biopharma Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Second Quarter 2025 (Q2)
99.3 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to National Instrument 52-109
99.4 Certification of the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to National Instrument 52-109

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

COSCIENS Biopharma Inc.
Date:<br> August 14, 2025 By: /s/ Giuliano La Fratta
Giuliano<br> La Fratta
Chief<br> Financial Officer

Exhibit99.1

COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.)

Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

As of June 30, 2025, and for the six months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024

(In thousands of US dollars)

(Unaudited)

Condensed Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position 2
Condensed Interim Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity 3
Condensed Interim Consolidated Statements of Loss and Comprehensive Loss 4
Condensed Interim Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 5
Notes to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements 6 
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COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.)

Condensed Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position

(In thousands of US dollars)

(Unaudited)

As of June 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Trade and other receivables
Inventories (note 4)
Income taxes receivable
Prepaid expenses and other assets (note 5)
Total current assets
Non-current assets
Restricted cash and cash equivalents
Property and equipment (note 6)
Total non-current assets
Total assets
LIABILITIES
Current liabilities
Payables and accrued liabilities (note 7)
Provisions
Income taxes payable
Current portion of deferred revenues (note 3)
Current portion of lease liabilities
Warrant liability (note 9)
DSU liability
Total current liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Deferred revenues (note 3)
Provisions
Lease liabilities
Employee future benefits (note 8)
Total non-current liabilities
Total liabilities
Shareholders’ equity
Share capital (note 10)
Contributed surplus
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) ) )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss ) )
Total Shareholders’ equity
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

All values are in US Dollars.

Commitments (note 14)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed interim consolidated financial statements.

Approvedby the Board of Directors

/s/ Peter H. Puccetti /s/ David G. Spear
Peter<br> H. Puccetti, Chair of the Board David<br> G. Spear, Director 
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COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.)

Condensed Interim Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity

For the six months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024

(In thousands of US dollars)

(Unaudited)

Share capital Contributed surplus Retained earnings Accumulated other comprehensive loss Total
Balance – January 1, 2025 ) )
Net loss ) )
Other comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation adjustments ) )
Actuarial gain on defined benefit plan (note 8)
Comprehensive loss ) ) )
Share-based compensation costs
Exercise of warrants (note 9)
Exercise of DSUs (equity settled) )
Balance – June 30, 2025 ) )

All values are in US Dollars.

Share capital Contributed surplus Retained earnings Accumulated other comprehensive loss Total
Balance – January 1, 2024 )
Balance )
Net loss ) )
Other comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation adjustments ) )
Comprehensive income ) ) )
Acquisition of Aeterna Zentaris Inc.
Share-based compensation costs
Balance – June 30, 2024 )
Balance )

All values are in US Dollars.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed interim consolidated financial statements.

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COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.)

Condensed Interim Consolidated Statements of Loss and Comprehensive Loss

For the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024

(In thousands of US dollars, except share and per share data)

(Unaudited)

2025 2024 2025 2024
Three months ended Six months ended
June 30, June 30,
2025 2024 2025 2024
Revenues (note 3) 2,749 2,337 4,249 4,394
Cost of sales (1,775 (1,518 (2,832 (2,671
Gross profit 974 819 1,417 1,723
Research and development (690 (1,530 (1,824 (2,592
Selling, general and administrative (2,637 (3,044 (5,563 (4,710
Total operating expenses (3,327 (4,574 (7,387 (7,302
Loss from operations (2,353 (3,755 (5,970 (5,579
Foreign exchange gain (loss) (81 17 (133 42
Finance costs (23 (22 (93 (85
Interest income 83 83 189 142
Other income (expense) 8 26 16 16
Change in fair value of warrant and DSU liabilities (334 1,755 (364 1,755
Other income (347 1,859 (385 1,870
Loss before income taxes (2,700 (1,896 (6,355 (3,709
Income tax recovery (expense) (1 474 (1 886
Net loss (2,701 (1,422 (6,356 (2,823
Other comprehensive loss:
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Foreign currency translation adjustments (487 (47 (983 (506
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Actuarial gain on defined benefit plans (note 8) 1,239 - 1,239 -
Comprehensive loss (1,949 (1,469 (6,100 (3,329
Basic and diluted loss per share (note 12) (0.85 (0.64 (2.00 (1.39
Weighted average number of shares outstanding (basic and diluted) 3,174,913 2,220,303 3,174,913 2,033,539

All values are in US Dollars.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed interim consolidated financial statements.

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COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.)

Condensed Interim Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

For the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024

(In thousands of US dollars)

(Unaudited)

2025 2024 2025 2024
Three months ended Six months ended
June 30, June 30,
2025 2024 2025 2024
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss for the period (2,701 (1,422 (6,356 (2,823
Items not affecting cash and cash equivalents:
Depreciation and amortization 287 377 612 736
Share-based compensation costs (85 13 (79 27
Employee future benefits 117 43 203 43
Amortization of deferred revenues (89 - (114 -
Change in fair value of warrant and DSU liabilities 331 (1,755 361 (1,755
Other non-cash items 118 11 144 11
Income tax recovery - (474 - (886
Changes in operating assets and liabilities (note 11) (2,425 1,818 (1,098 857
Net cash used in operating activities (4,447 (1,389 (6,327 (3,790
Cash flows from financing activities
Payments on DSU’s (42 - (42 -
Payments on lease liabilities (65 (126 (265 (198
Net cash used in financing activities (107 (126 (307 (198
Cash flows from investing activities
Acquisition of Aeterna Zentaris Inc. - 26,037 - 26,037
Purchase of property and equipment (49 (157 (664 (721
Proceeds on disposal of property and equipment 1 - 5 -
Changes in restricted cash equivalents - - (4 -
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (48 25,880 (663 25,316
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 177 (67 237 (202
Net change in cash and cash equivalents (4,425 24,298 (7,060 21,126
Cash and cash equivalents – Beginning of period 13,758 3,506 16,393 6,678
Cash and cash equivalents – End of period 9,333 27,804 9,333 27,804

All values are in US Dollars.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed interim consolidated financial statements.

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COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

As of June 30, 2025, and for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024

(In thousands of US dollars, except share and per share data and as otherwise noted)

(Unaudited)

1. Business overview

Summaryof business

COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”), formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc., is a Life Science company developing and commercializing a diversified portfolio of products for the cosmeceutical, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical markets. These products are produced using the Company’s proprietary technologies. The Company’s patented technologies include the Pressurized Gas eXpanded (PGX) technology, which is a unique technology that generates high-value yields of active ingredients from natural based resources for use in novel cosmeceutical, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical products. The Company’s two value-driving products, oat beta glucan and avenanthramides, are found in many household name cosmetic and personal care brands. These products are manufactured from the Company’s proprietary oat extraction manufacturing technology and are known for their well-documented health benefits.

These unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors (the “Board”) on August 14, 2025.

These condensed interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis that the Company will continue as a going concern, which presumes that the Company will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business for the foreseeable future.

During

the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, the Company incurred a net loss and had negative cash flow from operating activities of $2,701 and $4,447 respectively. During the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, the Company incurred a net loss and had negative cash flow from operating activities of $6,356 and $6,327 respectively. As at June 30, 2025, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $17,227.

Assessing the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern necessitates significant judgment, relying on detailed financial forecasts with inherent estimates related to future sales, operating costs, research and development expenses, and capital expenditures. While the Company currently anticipates that its cash on hand and projected future cash flows from operations will be sufficient to cover its financial liabilities as they become due for at least the next twelve months from the issuance date of these condensed interim consolidated financial statements, these future cash flows are subject to several factors beyond the Company’s control.

A significant portion of the Company’s revenue is derived from a single customer primarily located in the United States (Note 13), exposing the Company to potential volatility in cash flows. Furthermore, on August 1^st^, 2025, the President of the United States issued executive orders imposing 35% tariffs on imports from Canada, up from the previous 25%, with an exemption for The Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement (“CUSMA”)-compliant goods. Although the Company’s product sales to the US are CUSMA compliant, the Company is monitoring the potential direct and indirect impacts of tariffs, retaliatory tariffs, or other trade protectionist measures. As a result, the Company is exposed to uncertainty in cash flows from operations and consequently, there is no assurance that projected revenue and positive cash flows will be realized. Failure to achieve these projections could require the Company to reduce or curtail operations and development activities, harming the business, financial condition, and results of operations. The Company has implemented a comprehensive strategic plan that focuses on initiatives to conserve cash. As part of this plan, management is actively evaluating its overall manufacturing process and procurement strategy to identify potential areas for future margin improvement and cost reduction. Actions taken to date included reduced spending on research and development activities, lower capital expenditures and the restructuring of operations. The Company has begun executing the strategic plan and will continue to do so as necessary, based on cash availability. There is no assurance on the availability of future funding which could impact the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

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COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

As of June 30, 2025, and for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024

(In thousands of US dollars, except share and per share data and as otherwise noted)

(Unaudited)

As such, there is material uncertainty that raises substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least 12 months from the date of issuance of these condensed interim consolidated financial statements.

The condensed interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis and do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the going concern assumption was not appropriate. If the going concern assumption was not appropriate for these interim financial statements, then adjustments would be necessary to the carrying value of assets and liabilities, and the classification of items in the condensed interim consolidated statements of financial position. Such adjustments could be material.

2. Basis of presentation

These unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IAS 34, Interim Financial Reporting as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”).

The unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements do not include all the notes normally included in annual consolidated financial statements. The unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements reflect all normal and reoccurring adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. Accordingly, these unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024.

The accounting policies used in these condensed interim consolidated financial statements are consistent with those presented in the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements.

Transaction

On December 14, 2023, Aeterna Zentaris Inc. (“Aeterna”) and Ceapro Inc. (“Ceapro”) entered into a binding arrangement agreement pursuant to which Aeterna would acquire all of the issued and outstanding common shares of Ceapro (the “Transaction”) by way of a plan of arrangement. The Transaction was consummated on June 3, 2024.

Following the closing of the Transaction, former shareholders of Ceapro owned approximately 50% of the Aeterna common shares on a fully diluted basis and former shareholders of Aeterna owned approximately 50% of the Aeterna common shares on a fully diluted basis. For financial reporting and accounting purposes, Ceapro is the acquirer of Aeterna in the Transaction. The condensed interim consolidated financial statements of COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 and for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 reflect the results of operations and financial position of Ceapro for the periods presented and includes the results of operations of Aeterna subsequent to the Transaction, which was completed on June 3, 2024.

Reclassifications

Certain

prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. In the consolidated statements of loss for the six months ended June 30, 2024, the general and administration expenses of $1,653 and the sales and marketing expenses of $3 were reclassified within Selling, general and administrative expenses.

Newstandards and amendments

Several amendments apply for the first time for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2025, but do not have an impact on the interim condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company. The IASB has published several new, but not yet effective, standards, amendments to existing standards, and interpretations. None of these standards, amendments to existing standards, or interpretations have been early adopted by the Company, and management anticipates that all relevant pronouncements will be adopted for the first period beginning on or after the effective date of the pronouncement.

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COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

As of June 30, 2025, and for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024

(In thousands of US dollars, except share and per share data and as otherwise noted)

(Unaudited)

Criticalaccounting estimates and judgements

The preparation of condensed interim consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the future that affect the reported amounts of the Company’s assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and related disclosures. Judgements, estimates and assumptions are based on historical experience, expectations, current trends and other factors that management believes to be relevant at the time at which the Company’s condensed interim consolidated financial statements are prepared.

Management reviews, on a regular basis, the Company’s accounting policies, assumptions, estimates and judgements in order to ensure that the condensed interim consolidated financial statements are presented fairly and in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards applicable to interim financial statements. Revisions to estimates are recognized prospectively. Critical accounting estimates and assumptions are those that have a significant risk of causing material adjustment and are often applied to matters or outcomes that are inherently uncertain and subject to change. As such, management cautions that future events often vary from forecasts and expectations and that estimates routinely require adjustment.

Critical accounting estimates and assumptions, as well as critical judgements used in applying accounting policies in the preparation of the Company’s condensed interim consolidated financial statements, were the same as those applied to Company’s annual consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024, other than the following:

Impairmentof property and equipment

The Company is required to make judgments in assessing at the end of each reporting period whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. In making this assessment, the Company uses various indicators including, but not limited to, the impact of the US tariffs on the Company’s product sales, sustained decreases in revenue and profitability. When such an indication exists, the Company makes a number of estimates when determining the recoverable amount of an asset or a cash-generating unit, see note 6.

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COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

As of June 30, 2025, and for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024

(In thousands of US dollars, except share and per share data and as otherwise noted)

(Unaudited)

3. Revenue

The Company derives revenue from the transfer of goods at a point in time in the following categories:

Summary of revenue from transfer of goods and services

2025 2024 2025 2024
Three months ended Six months ended
June 30, June 30,
2025 2024 2025 2024
Active ingredients
Pharmaceutical
Revenue

All values are in US Dollars.

Deferredrevenue

The deferred revenue balance primarily relates to the advance consideration received in the form of non-refundable non-creditable upfront payment and milestone payments relating to list price approvals of Ghryvelin™ in the United Kingdom, Spain and Germany as per an exclusive licensing agreement for the commercialization of macimorelin (the “Licensed Product”) in the European Economic Area and the United Kingdom and an exclusive supply agreement for a period of ten years, subject to renewal, to supply such Licensed Product.

Revenue for this contract will be recognized based on units of Licensed Product supplied. The total units that the Company expects to supply pursuant to the Pharmanovia Agreement is an estimate, based on current projections and anticipated market demand, and therefore will be a significant judgment that will be relied upon when using the outputs method to recognize revenue. The Company expects to recognize the balance of the deferred revenue over the remaining period of eight years based on related patent application initiatives. For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company recognized $87 (2024 - $nil) and $112 (2024 - $nil) respectively as revenue from the deferred revenue.

Liabilitiesrelated to contracts with customers

The following table provides a summary of deferred revenue balances:

Summary of deferred revenue

Current
June 30, 2025
Current
$
Pharmanovia 13 984 997
NK Meditech 6 44 50
Contract liabilities 19 1,028 1,047

All values are in US Dollars.

December 31, 2024
Current
$
Pharmanovia 115 875 990
NK Meditech 5 39 44
Contract liabilities 120 914 1,034

All values are in US Dollars.

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COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

As of June 30, 2025, and for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024

(In thousands of US dollars, except share and per share data and as otherwise noted)

(Unaudited)

4. Inventories

The Company had the following inventories at the end of each reporting period:

Schedule of inventories

June 30, December 31,
2025 2024
Raw materials
Work in progress
Finished goods
Inventories

All values are in US Dollars.

Inventories

expensed to cost of goods sold during the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, are $1,623 (June 30, 2024 - $1,398) and the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, are $2,589 (June 30, 2024 - $2,467).

5. Prepaid expenses and other assets

The Company had the following prepaid expenses at the end of each reporting period:

Summary of prepaid expenses and other current assets

June 30, December 31,
2025 2024
Prepaid insurance
Prepaid research and development
Other
Total

All values are in US Dollars.

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COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

As of June 30, 2025, and for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024

(In thousands of US dollars, except share and per share data and as otherwise noted)

(Unaudited)

6. Property and equipment

Components of the Company’s property and equipment are summarized below.

Schedule of property and equipment

Equipment Not Available for Use Equipment Office and Computer Equipment Buildings Leasehold Improvements Total
Cost
Equipment Not Available for Use Equipment Office and Computer Equipment Buildings Leasehold Improvements Total
At January 1, 2024
Amortization
Acquisition of Aeterna
Additions
Impairment ) ) )
Disposals ) ) )
Impact of foreign exchange rate changes ) ) ) ) ) )
At December 31, 2024
Amortization
Additions
Disposals ) ) ) )
Impact of foreign exchange rate changes
At June 30, 2025

All values are in US Dollars.

Accumulated Depreciation
Equipment Not Available for Use Equipment Office and Computer Equipment Buildings Leasehold Improvements Total
$
At January 1, 2024 - 5,148 613 1,313 2,730 9,804
Amortization - 612 36 343 454 1,445
Disposals - (989 (321 - - (1,310
Impact of foreign exchange rate changes - (399 (47 (121 (239 (806
At December 31, 2024 - 4,372 281 1,535 2,945 9,133
Property and equipment - 4,372 281 1,535 2,945 9,133
Amortization - 320 14 145 124 603
Disposals - (136 (145 (88 - (369
Impact of foreign exchange rate changes - 354 28 84 165 631
At June 30, 2025 - 4,910 178 1,676 3,234 9,998
Property and equipment - 4,910 178 1,676 3,234 9,998

All values are in US Dollars.

Carrying amount
Equipment Not Available for Use Equipment Office and Computer Equipment Buildings Leasehold Improvements Total
$ $ $ $ $ $
At December 31, 2024 2,805 3,350 95 2,017 2,699 10,966
Property and equipment, Beginning 2,805 3,350 95 2,017 2,699 10,966
At June 30, 2025 2,958 3,168 86 1,977 2,734 10,923
Property and equipment, Ending 2,958 3,168 86 1,977 2,734 10,923

During the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, the Company retired fully depreciated assets no longer in use of $67 (2024 - $nil).

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COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

As of June 30, 2025, and for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024

(In thousands of US dollars, except share and per share data and as otherwise noted)

(Unaudited)

Included

right-of-use in the net carrying amount of property and equipment at June 30, 2025, are assets relating to buildings, in the amount of $1,977 (December 31, 2024 - $1,990).

The Company considers the implementation of US tariffs during the period ended June 30, 2025 as a potential impairment indicator, which is amplified by the prevailing economic climate, pressures on gross margins, persistent revenue volatility, and ongoing operating losses. As a result, the Company performed an impairment assessment on the Active Ingredient CGU based on various probability-weighted scenarios concerning the impact of the US tariffs. The cash flows are derived from the budget for the next five years and do not include restructuring activities that the Company is not yet committed to or significant future investments that will enhance the performance of the assets of the CGU being tested. The significant estimates used in the determination of value in use included forecasted revenues, costs, growth rate, discount rate and the continuation of the CUSMA exemption on the Company’s sales to the US as being the most likely scenario. The recoverable amount of the CGU tested was estimated to be higher than its carrying amount and no impairment was required. No reasonable change in the discount rate or the terminal value growth could cause the carrying amount to exceed the recoverable amount. However, the removal of the CUSMA exemption and the subsequent prolonged application of US tariffs on the Company’s sales could potentially necessitate the recognition of an impairment loss in future periods.

7. Accounts payable

The Company had the following accounts payable and accrued expenses at the end of each reporting period:

Summary of detailed information about payables and accrued liabilities

June 30, December 31,
2025 2024
Trade accounts payable
Accrued research and development costs
Accrued employee benefits
Payroll tax and other statutory liabilities )
Other accrued liabilities
Payables<br> and accrued liabilities

All values are in US Dollars.

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COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

As of June 30, 2025, and for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024

(In thousands of US dollars, except share and per share data and as otherwise noted)

(Unaudited)

8. Employee future benefits

The change in the Company’s employee future benefit obligations is summarized as follows:

Summary of net defined benefit liability asset

benefit plans benefit plans Total Total
Six months ended June 30, 2025 Year ended December 31, 2024
Pension Other
benefit plans benefit plans Total Total
Change in plan liabilities
Balances – Beginning of the period
Current service cost ) )
Interest cost
Actuarial loss (gain) from changes in financial assumptions ) ) )
Benefits paid ) ) ) )
Impact of foreign exchange rate changes )
Balances – End of the period
Change in plan assets
Balances – Beginning of the period
Interest income from plan assets
Employer contributions
Employee contributions
Benefits paid ) ) )
Remeasurement of plan assets
Unrecognized Asset due to Asset Ceiling ) )
Impact of foreign exchange rate changes )
Balances – End of the period
Net liability of the unfunded plans
Net liability of the funded plans
Net amount recognized as Employee future benefits
Amounts recognized:
In net loss )
Actuarial gain (loss) on defined benefit plans in other comprehensive loss )

All values are in US Dollars.

The

calculation of the employee future benefit obligation is sensitive to the discount rate assumption and other assumptions such as the rate of the pension benefit increase. Discount rates were 3.90% as of June 30, 2025, and 3.40% as of December 31, 2024, causing the variances in the actuarial gain on defined benefit plan during the six months ended June 30, 2025.

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COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

As of June 30, 2025, and for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024

(In thousands of US dollars, except share and per share data and as otherwise noted)

(Unaudited)

9. Warrants

Warrant activity for the six months ended June 30, 2025, was as follows:

**** Summary of warrants activity reclassified equity

Warrants Weighted average exercise price Amount
#
Balance – December 31, 2024 668,138
Exercised (9,292 ) )
Change in fair value of warrants -
Balance – June 30, 2025 658,846

All values are in US Dollars.

The fair value of the liability, classified as warrant liability, is subsequently remeasured at each reporting date and at settlement date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, with changes in fair value recognized in profit or loss. At June 30, 2025, the following warrants were outstanding:

Schedule of warrants outstanding

Issuance date Number Weighted average remaining contractual life Weighted average exercise price
# years
February 2020 11,129 0.14
July 2020 56,210 0.01
August 2020 17,310 0.60
February 2021 16,507 0.64
June 2024 557,690 1.93
Balance – June 30, 2025 658,846 1.66

All values are in US Dollars.

10. Shareholders’ equity

Sharecapital

The Company has authorized an unlimited number of common shares (being voting and participating shares) with no par value, as well as an unlimited number of preferred, first and second ranking shares, issuable in series, with rights and privileges specific to each class, with no par value.

As discussed in Note 1, Business Overview, on June 3, 2024, each outstanding Ceapro common share was exchanged for 0.02360 of an Aeterna common share. Accordingly, all common shares, stock options and per share amounts in these interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been retroactively adjusted for all periods presented to give effect to the share exchange.

**** Summary of share capital

Common shares Amount
#
Balance – December 31, 2024 3,140,621
Granted 34,292
Balance – June 30, 2025 3,174,913

All values are in US Dollars.

Common shares Amount
#
Balance – December 31, 2023 1,847,593
Deemed issuance of shares to Aeterna shareholders 1,213,967
Balance – June 30, 2024 3,061,560

All values are in US Dollars.

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COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

As of June 30, 2025, and for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024

(In thousands of US dollars, except share and per share data and as otherwise noted)

(Unaudited)

Share-basedcompensation

The compensation expense for the three months ended June 30, 2025, was $nil (2024 – $13) and for the six months ended June 30, 2025, was $6 (2024 - $27) recognized over the vesting period. Option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024, was as follows:

Summary of number and weighted average exercise prices of deferred shares units

Stock options Weighted average exercise price
#
Balance – January 1, 2025 76,024
Granted - Replacement options -
Cancelled / Forfeited (26,728 )
Balance – June 30, 2025 49,296

All values are in US Dollars.

Stock options Weighted average exercise price
#
Balance – January 1, 2024 74,371
Granted - Replacement options 12,949
Cancelled / Forfeited (6,442 )
Balance – June 30, 2024 80,878

All values are in US Dollars.

11. Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

Summary of changes in operating assets and liabilities

2025 2024 2025 2024
Three months ended Six months ended
June 30, June 30,
2025 2024 2025 2024
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade and other receivables ) )
Inventory
Prepaid expenses and other current assets ) )
Payables and accrued liabilities ) )
Deferred revenues )
Provision for restructuring and other costs ) )
Employee future benefits ) ) ) )
Increase<br> (decrease) in operating assets and liabilities ) )

All values are in US Dollars.

Additions of property and equipment of $0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 were acquired on deferred payment terms, the settlement of which was made during six-months ended June 30, 2025, resulting in a nil balance as at June 30, 2025.

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COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

As of June 30, 2025, and for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024

(In thousands of US dollars, except share and per share data and as otherwise noted)

(Unaudited)

12. Net loss per share

The following table sets forth pertinent data relating to the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common shareholders.

Summary of pertinent data relating to computation of basic and diluted net loss per share

2025 2024 2025 2024
Three months ended Six months ended
June 30, June 30,
2025 2024 2025 2024
Net loss ) ) ) )
Basic and diluted weighted-average shares outstanding
Basic and diluted loss per share ) ) ) )
Items excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share due to their anti-dilutive effect:
Stock options and DSUs
Warrants

All values are in US Dollars.

13. Segment information

As of June 30, 2025 and a result of the transaction, the Company has two reportable and operating segments: Active ingredient and Biopharmaceutical. The Company’s chief operating decision maker assesses the performance of the reportable segments based on revenues and operating loss before selling, general & administrative expenses, other income and tax by segment. Selling, general and administrative expenses are expenses and salaries related to centralized functions, such as corporate finance, legal, human resources and technology teams, which are not allocated to segments. Accounting policies applied for the Active ingredient and the Biopharmaceutical segments are identical to those used for the purposes of the consolidated financial statements as described in Note 2 of the annual consolidated financial statements.

Activeingredient

The Active ingredient segment involves the development of proprietary extraction technologies and the application of these technologies to the production and development and commercialization of active ingredients derived from oats and other renewable plant resources for healthcare and cosmetic industries. Active ingredients produced include oat beta glucan, oat oil and avenanthramides. These and similar manufactured products are sold primarily through distribution networks.

Biopharmaceutical

The Biopharmaceutical segment includes the results of Aeterna Zentaris from its acquisition on June 3, 2024 (Note 3). The segment involves the commercializing and developing pharmaceutical therapeutics and diagnostic tests, including the Company’s product, Macrilen^®^ (macimorelin). The segment also includes remaining costs associated with the development of our pre-clinical pipeline to potentially address unmet medical needs across several indications with a focus on rare or orphan indications.

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COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

As of June 30, 2025, and for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024

(In thousands of US dollars, except share and per share data and as otherwise noted)

(Unaudited)

The table below summarizes the relevant financial information by operating segment:

Summary relevant financial information by operating segment

Active ingredient Biopharmaceutical Total
Three months ended June 30, 2025
Active ingredient Biopharmaceutical Total
Revenue
Cost of sales ) ) )
Gross margin
Research and development ) ) )
Loss from operations before SG&A and other income (expenses) )
Selling, general & administrative )
Loss from operations )
Net other income )
Loss before income taxes )

All values are in US Dollars.

Active ingredient Biopharmaceutical Total
Three months ended June 30, 2024
Active ingredient Biopharmaceutical Total
Revenue
Cost of sales ) ) )
Gross margin )
Research and development ) ) )
Loss from operations before SG&A and other income (expenses) ) )
Selling, general & administrative )
Loss from operations )
Net other income
Loss before income taxes )

All values are in US Dollars.

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COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

As of June 30, 2025, and for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024

(In thousands of US dollars, except share and per share data and as otherwise noted)

(Unaudited)

Active ingredient Biopharmaceutical Total
Six months ended June 30, 2025
Active ingredient Biopharmaceutical Total
Revenue
Cost of sales ) ) )
Gross margin
Research and development ) ) )
Loss from operations before SG&A and other income (expenses) ) )
Selling, general & administrative )
Loss from operations )
Net other income )
Loss before income taxes )

All values are in US Dollars.

Active ingredient Biopharmaceutical Total
Six months ended June 30, 2024
Active ingredient Biopharmaceutical Total
Revenue
Cost of sales ) ) )
Gross margin )
Research and development ) ) )
Loss from operations before SG&A and other income (expenses) ) ) )
Selling, general & administrative )
Loss from operations )
Net other income
Loss before income taxes )

All values are in US Dollars.

MajorCustomer

During the three months ended June 30, 2025, the Company had export sales to one major distributor of the Company’s products representing 80% of total revenue (2024 - 87% of total revenue). During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company had export sales to one major distributor of the Company’s products representing 81% of total revenue (2024 - 87% of total revenue). As at June 30, 2025, one customer represented 62% of total trade and other receivables (June 30, 2024 – one major customer amounted to 84%).

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COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

As of June 30, 2025, and for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024

(In thousands of US dollars, except share and per share data and as otherwise noted)

(Unaudited)

14. Commitments and Contingencies

Significant expenditure under contracted supply agreements for at the end of the reporting period but not recognized as liabilities is as follows:

Schedule of expected future minimum lease payments

TOTAL
Less than 1 year
1 - 5 years
More than 5 years
Minimum lease payments,<br> net

All values are in US Dollars.

The

Company previously entered into license agreements with Agriculture Canada (AG) for a technology to increase the concentration of avenanthramides in selected oat and with University of Alberta for a Pressurized Gaz expanded Technology (PGX) for the processing of various polymers. The royalty percentage rate would be 2% strictly for sales made from avenanthramides produced from the AG technology while royalty percentage rates would range between 1.0% to 3.5% for sales made from products manufactured using the PGX Technology, the rate being according to the classification of the resulting product (cosmeceutical, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical).

15. Subsequent Events

In

July 2025, the Company terminated 7 employees as part of managements restructuring plan. This will result in the recognition of $168 in severance expense in the third quarter of 2025.

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Exhibit 99.2

Management’sDiscussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Introduction

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) provides a review of the results of operations, financial condition and cash flows of COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (formerly Aeterna Zentaris Inc.) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025. In this MD&A, “COSCIENS”, the “Company”, “we”, “us” and “our” mean COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. and its subsidiaries. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the information contained in the Company’s unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements (the “interim consolidated financial statements”) and the notes thereto as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025. Our unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

The Company’s common shares are listed on both The Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”) and on the Toronto Stock Exchange (“TSX”) under the symbol “CSCI”.

All amounts in this MD&A are presented in thousands of United States (“U.S.”) dollars, except for share and per share data, or as otherwise noted. This MD&A was approved by the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) on August 14, 2025. This MD&A is dated August 14, 2025.

AboutForward-Looking Statements

Certain statements in this MD&A, referred to herein as “forward-looking statements”, constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended, and “forward-looking information” under the provisions of Canadian securities laws. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, that address circumstances, events, activities, or developments that could or may or will occur are forward-looking statements. When used in this MD&A, words such as “anticipate”, “assume”, “believe”, “could”, “expect”, “forecast”, “future”, “goal”, “guidance”, “intend”, “likely”, “may”, “would” or the negative or comparable terminology as well as terms usually used in the future and the conditional are generally intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements include such words.

Forward-looking statements are based on the opinions and estimates of the Company as of the date of this MD&A, and they are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors that may cause the actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements, including but not limited to the factors described in “Risk Factors and Uncertainties” and those relating to: plans and timing to delist from NASDAQ Capital Market while remaining listed on the TSX, and to deregister, and terminate its U.S. reporting obligations with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), the future trading of the Company’s ordinary shares after it delists from Nasdaq and deregisters and terminates its U.S. reporting obligations under the Exchange Act, the Company’s patented technologies and value-driving products, and development thereof; the extraction, production and commercialization of active ingredients from natural sources and our ability to successfully market related products; the successful development and marketing of our oat-based pipeline products, including oat-beta glucan, avenanthramides and beta glucan from yeast, as well as such products’ capability to address unmet needs within the nutraceuticals markets; Macrilen^®^ (macimorelin) and the Company’s plans in respect of same, including commercialization and clinical programs as well as in respect of the top line data from the DETECT-trial; the Company’s business strategy; the Company’s positioning in its target markets; potential impacts of changes to the Company’s executive leadership; potential impacts of the policies of the current presidential administration in the United States, including potential impacts of the ongoing use of tariffs and other trade barriers to address the administration’s policy goals, and potential impacts of any counter-duties, counter-tariffs and/or other counter-measures implemented in response by other countries, on our costs and revenues, as well as on the macroeconomic framework in which we operate, which may be material; the Company’s plans for its PGX Technology; pre-clinical and clinical studies and trials and their expected timing and results, including the potential to bring certain products to market following such studies and trials; the ability of our pharmaceutical therapeutic assets to address unmet medical needs across a number of indications; management’s assumptions, estimates and judgements; liquidity and capital resources; adequacy of our financial resources to finance operations and expenditure requirements; limitations on internal controls over financial reporting and our ability to address identified material weaknesses; and the plans, objectives, future outlook and financial position of the Company in general.

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Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements stated herein to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking information. Such risks and uncertainties include, among others: the Company’s present and future business strategies, including that the strategic review and related initiatives undertaken by the Company as described herein may not have the expected or desired results in the short-term or long-term; operations and performance within expected ranges; anticipated future cash flows; local and global economic conditions and the environment in which the Company operates; the policies of the current presidential administration in the United States, including the ongoing use and effects of tariffs and other trade barriers to address the administration’s policy goals, as well as any counter-duties, counter-tariffs and/or other counter-measures implemented in response by other countries, could materially impact our costs and revenues, as well as the macroeconomic framework in which we operate; anticipated capital and operating costs; uncertainty in our revenue generation from our marketed products; product development and related clinical trials and validation studies; results from our products under development may not be successful or may not support advancing the product; the failure of the DETECT-trial to achieve its primary endpoint in Childhood Onset Growth Hormone Deficiency (“CGHD”) may impact the market for macimorelin (Macrilen®; Ghryvelin®) in adult hormone growth deficiency (“AGHD”) and the existing relationships we have for that product; our plans for our PGX Technology; our now heavy dependence on sales by and revenue from our main distributor of active ingredients and its customers; the continued availability of funds and resources to successfully commercialize our products; the ability to secure strategic partners for late stage development, marketing, and distribution of our products; our ability to enter into out-licensing, development, manufacturing, marketing and distribution agreements with other pharmaceutical companies and keep such agreements in effect; our ability to protect and enforce our patent portfolio and intellectual property; our plans with respect to our listing on the Nasdaq; and our ability to continue to list our common shares on the TSX.

These risk factors are not intended to represent a complete list of the risk factors that could affect the Company. These factors and assumptions, however, should be considered carefully. More detailed information about these and other factors is included under “Risk Factors” in the Annual Report on Form 20-F and in other documents incorporated herein by reference.

However, we advise you to review any further disclosures we make on related subjects in our reports on Form 6-K filed or furnished to the SEC and in our other public disclosure filed under our profile on SEDAR+ at www.sedarplus.ca.

Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in forward-looking statements, there may be other factors that cause results not to be as anticipated, estimated or intended. Many of these factors are beyond our control. There can be no assurance that such statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements, particularly in light of any resulting impacts on the global economy and on the Company’s business. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. The Company does not undertake to update any forward-looking statements contained herein, except as required by applicable securities laws. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for the Company to predict all of these factors, or to assess in advance the impact of each such factor on the Company’s business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement.

AboutMaterial Information

This MD&A includes information that we believe to be material to investors after considering all circumstances. We consider information and disclosures to be material if they result in, or would reasonably be expected to result in, a significant change in the market price or value of our securities, or where it is likely that a reasonable investor would consider the information and disclosures to be important in making an investment decision.

We are a reporting issuer under the securities legislation of all of the provinces of Canada, and our securities are registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). We are therefore required to file or furnish continuous disclosure information, such as interim and annual financial statements, management’s discussion and analysis, proxy or information circulars, annual reports on Form 20-F, material change reports and press releases with the appropriate securities regulatory authorities. Additional information about the Company and copies of these documents may be obtained free of charge upon request from our Corporate Secretary or on the Internet at the following addresses: www.cosciensbio.com, www.sedarplus.ca and www.sec.gov.

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CompanyOverview

COSCIENS is a life science company with a diverse portfolio focused on the development of natural, plant-based active ingredients and engaged in the commercialization of pharmaceutical and diagnostic products. COSCIENS’ natural active ingredient business leverages the Company’s proprietary manufacturing and extraction technologies to develop Avenanthramides and Beta Glucan active ingredients currently used in leading skincare brands worldwide. COSCIENS’ lead pharmaceutical product Macimorelin (Macrilen; Ghryvelin), is the first and only U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) and European Medicines Agency (“EMA”) approved oral test indicated for the diagnosis of adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD).

KeyOperational Developments

During the second quarter of 2025, in additional to onboarding the new CEO, the Company implemented a consensual reconstitution of its board of directors designed to best position COSCIENS to create value for all its shareholders. As a result of that reconstitution, COSCIENS’ board of directors now consists of the following six directors: Anthony J. Giovinazzo, Ulrich Kosciessa, Ronald W. Miller, Peter H. Puccetti, Robert A. Seager and David Spear (the “Reconstituted Board”). The Reconstituted Board and executive management team conducted a comprehensive strategic review of the business. This initiative was driven by a clear mandate to strengthen operational performance, drive long-term shareholder value, and ensure that the Company is positioned for sustainable and profitable growth. The strategic review included three core areas:

1. Focus<br> on the revenue generating base business
2. A<br> full reset of the Company’s cost and organizational structure through a zero-based<br> budgeting process
3. A<br> growth assessment of the existing product portfolio, innovation pipeline and strategic options<br> for Macrilen

1.Focus on Revenue Generating Base Business

During the quarter, management undertook a detailed operational review to identify areas for improvement across commercial execution, supply chain operations, and margin structure. Initiatives were implemented to increase discipline in the management of the base business, improve sales forecasting, and explore new business development opportunities within the Company’s existing portfolio of active ingredients.

2.Cost Structure Reset and Zero-Based Budgeting

The Company initiated a zero-based budgeting (ZBB) process to realign spending with strategic priorities. This exercise led to a leaner structure, clearer accountability, and the identification of material cost savings. Q2 operating expenses were favorable 27% vs. Q2 2024 and there is expected to be continued positive impact in Q3 2025 excluding restructuring costs. Full run-rate impact is anticipated in early 2026.

As part of the restructuring, the Company initiated a reduction in force across its segments to reduce costs, streamline the structure and align resources to key strategic priorities. This restructuring occurred shortly after the June 30^th^ quarter end and reduced total headcount by 27% with changes across all functions of the Company. After restructuring costs, the new organization will have a cost structure which should be significantly less than the costs in 2025.

The Company’s common shares are currently traded on both the TSX and the Nasdaq Capital Market. The external audit, legal and listing costs incurred to maintain dual listing have continued to grow and require significant internal resources. In the last year, the opportunities for biotech companies to conclude financings on Nasdaq have deteriorated further thereby reducing cost benefit ratio to the Company of being listed on two exchanges. Therefore, as part of the cost savings agenda and to provide the Company with the opportunity to focus its resources on its core business needs to remain competitive in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry, the Board has approved, and today, the Company notified Nasdaq of its decision to voluntarily delist from the Nasdaq Stock Market. The Company will continueto maintain its listing on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX).

The Company intends to file a Form 25 with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on or about August 25, 2025, and provide a copy thereof to the Nasdaq to effect the delisting. The delisting is expected to be effective on or about September 5, 2025, ten (10) days after the filing of the Form 25. If the delisting is effective on September 5, 2025, the Company anticipates that the last day of trading of its ordinary shares on Nasdaq will be on or about September 4, 2025.

Following the Nasdaq delisting, COSCIENS expects that its common shares will begin trading in the over-the-counter (OTC) marketplace in the U.S., however, there can be no assurance that any broker will make, or continue to make, a market in the Company’s ordinary shares in the U.S., and continue trading in Canada on the TSX. Delisting from Nasdaq marks the first step in the Company’s broader strategy to cease its public reporting obligations in the U.S. Accordingly, the Company intends to file a Form 15-F with the SEC in the future once it is able to do so pursuant to the SEC’s rules to deregister from, and terminate its reporting obligations under, the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), including its obligations to file and submit annual reports on Form 20-F and reports on Form 6-K in the U.S. with the SEC. If the Company files a Form 15-F with the SEC, its U.S. reporting obligations with the SEC will be immediately suspended at that time, and deregistration from the Exchange Act would be effective 90 days after the filing of the Form 15-F, at which time the Company’s U.S. reporting obligations thereunder would be fully terminated.

As a life science company, it is important for the Company to continue to focus on both short term and future growth. Given the current economic environment and ecosystem, the Company believes this strategic decision will position COSCIENS to enhance efficiency and reduced costs, with efforts designed to elevate competitiveness and maintain the Company’s viability.

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3.Strategic Growth Assessment

Active Ingredients

The Company’s active ingredient segment focuses on leveraging the unique expertise in the extraction, production and commercialization of active ingredients from natural sources. The Company’s commercialized products are well positioned in the cosmeceutical market and focused on the documented health benefits of two bio actives extracted from oats; beta glucan and avenanthramides. These products include:

● A<br> commercial line of natural active ingredients, including beta glucan, avenanthramides (colloidal<br> oat extract), oat powder, oat oil, and oat peptides, which are marketed to the personal care,<br> cosmetic and animal health industries through distribution partners and direct sales.
● A<br> commercial line of natural anti-aging skincare products, utilizing active ingredients including<br> oat beta glucan and avenanthramides, marketed via e-commerce channels in the cosmeceuticals<br> category under the brand, Juvente^DC^.
--- ---
● Veterinary<br> therapeutic products, including an oat shampoo, an ear cleanser, and a dermal complex/conditioner,<br> which are manufactured and marketed to veterinarians in Japan and Asia.
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With a renewed focus on the revenue generating base business, the management team is currently exploring additional category opportunities for this portfolio in the personal care and cosmetics category while also expanding the business development focus into the food and beverage, dermatology pharmaceutical and nutraceuticals markets. The Company does not currently have a strong direct-to-consumer platform therefore the Company is assessing alternative options for the distribution of the cosmeceutical line, Juvente^DC^.

Nutraceuticals

In addition to cosmetic applications, avenanthramides, when taken orally, could treat inflammation-based conditions such as exercise induced inflammation, joint inflammation as well as inflammation at the gastro-intestinal and cardiovascular levels. Given the well-known properties of oat beta glucan and avenanthramides as cholesterol reducer and anti-inflammation respectively, the Company has developed an Oat Beta Glucan (OBG) bar and yeast beta glucan (YBG) capsule to address unmet needs within the nutraceuticals markets. While YBG is a commercial product with well-known immune properties, the obtention of a consistently high-purity product represents a major challenge for suppliers. Using the Company’s proprietary PGX technology, the Company has successfully processed several formulations that should provide a high purity YBG product with very well-defined specifications. The Company further demonstrated the mechanism of action following in vitro and in vivo studies. Powder formulation produced in Edmonton, using the 50-litre PGX technology, could be sold in capsules as an immune booster product.

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With the initial assessment process complete for these new product applications, management is now assessing strategic commercialization options for the nutraceutical’s portfolio given that the Company does not currently have an existing direct-to-consumer platform in this space.

Pharmaceutical

Macrilen

The Company is also dedicated to the development of its pharmaceutical therapeutic assets and has prioritized the current commercial product, Macrilen^®^ (macimorelin), which is the first and only FDA and EMA approved oral test indicated for the diagnosis of adults with growth hormone deficiency. Macimorelin is currently marketed under the tradename Ghryvelin^®^ in the European Economic Area and the United Kingdom through an exclusive licensing agreement with Pharmanovia. To date the product has launched in the United Kingdom, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Netherlands, Austria, Spain, Ireland and France.

On August 27, 2024, the Company announced that the Phase 3 DETECT-trial evaluating macimorelin for the diagnosis of Childhood Onset Growth Hormone Deficiency (CGHD) had failed to meet its primary endpoints according to the definitions in the study protocol. Based on the results of the study, the Company began a strategic assessment of options. Since this time the Company has conducted post hoc analysis in consultation with key opinion leaders and have requested a Type C meeting with the FDA to determine a possible path forward for the pediatric indication. Additionally, the Company is assessing additional licensing and partnership opportunities in key markets as it pertains to the adult indication.

Avenanthramides for Potential Applications in Inflammation Based Diseases

Avenanthramides have garnered significant interest due to their suggested bioactivities, including potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in vivo. In November 2023, the Company initiated a Phase 1 safety study evaluating its flagship product, avenanthramides, for potential applications in managing conditions related to inflammation. The Phase 1-2a study (“AvenActive”) was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, adaptive, first-in-human study designed to assess safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of single and multiple ascending oral doses of avenanthramide. 72 healthy subjects have completed the Phase 1 portion of the trial which included 48 healthy subjects in a single ascending dose (SAD) arm and 24 healthy subjects in a multiple ascending dose (MAD) arm.

Subjects received doses ranging from 30mg to 960mg per group per day. Given that no significant adverse reactions have been observed during SAD and MAD phases, The Data Safety and Monitoring Board recommended to start the Phase 2a with patients suffering from mild inflammation. A total of 20 patients were enrolled in the Phase 2a portion which is designed to gather initial insights into its potential efficacy. As the trial progresses, the Company remains focused on collaborating with regulatory authorities, healthcare professionals, and patient communities to bring this innovation to market. The current phase 1/2a trial is expected to be complete in Q3 of 2025 and the Company will make an assessment on the path forward.

Outlook

The initiatives implemented during the second quarter of 2025 represent a foundational realignment of the Company’s cost structure, operational approach, and strategic focus. Management believes that the Company is better positioned to address current market dynamics and to pursue long-term growth opportunities.

Uncertainty related to macroeconomic factors, including tariffs and related trade barriers, inflation, and regulatory developments, may continue to impact near-term performance. However, the Company is optimistic that operational and financial benefits from the strategic initiatives outlined above will begin to be reflected in results in the second half of 2025 and more substantially in fiscal 2026.

Outlook is included in this MD&A to provide further information about management’s expectations about the Company’s future business operations, activities and results and may not be appropriate for other purposes.

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ConsolidatedStatements of Loss and Comprehensive Loss Data

(in thousands of US dollars, except loss per share) Three months ended Six months ended
June 30, June 30,
2025 2024 2025 2024
Revenues
Cost of sales ) ) ) )
Gross profit
Research and development ) ) ) )
Selling, general and administrative ) ) ) )
Total operating expenses ) ) ) )
Loss from operations ) ) ) )
Gain due to changes in foreign currency ) )
Finance costs ) ) ) )
Other income
Change in fair value of warrant and DSU liabilities ) )
Other income ) )
Loss before income taxes ) ) ) )
Income tax recovery ) )
Net loss ) ) ) )
Other comprehensive loss:
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Foreign currency translation adjustments ) ) ) )
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Actuarial gain (loss) on defined benefit plans
Comprehensive loss ) ) ) )
Basic and diluted loss per share ) ) ) )
Weighted average number of shares outstanding (basic and diluted)

All values are in US Dollars.

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Revenueand cost of sales

The following table summarizes our gross margin earned during the periods indicated:

(in thousands of US dollars, except percentages) Three months ended June 30,
2025 2024 Change Change
%
Revenue
Active ingredients 4 %
Pharmaceutical 10,967 %
Total revenue 18 %
Cost of sales
Active ingredients ) ) ) -10 %
Pharmaceutical ) ) ) -2,675 %
Total cost of sales ) ) ) -17 %
Gross Profit 19 %
Gross Profit % % %

All values are in US Dollars.

Our total revenue for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, was $2.7 million as compared to $2.3 million for the same period in 2024, an increase of $0.4 million. This increase was primarily due to an increase of $0.1 million in sales of Avenanthramides, Beta Glucan and Oat Oil from prior period and $0.3 million in Macrilen due to the timing of the acquisition of Aeterna. Cost of sales for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, increased by $0.3 million, primarily due to the higher sales volumes during the period. The gross margin for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, was $1.0 million as compared to $0.8 million for the same period in 2024, an increase of $0.2 million, which is in line with the movements in revenue and cost of sales.

(in thousands of US dollars, except percentages) Six months ended June 30,
2025 2024 Change Change
%
Revenue
Active ingredients ) -13 %
Pharmaceutical 14,733 %
Total revenue ) -3 %
Cost of sales
Active ingredients ) ) ) -1 %
Pharmaceutical ) ) ) -3,650 %
Total cost of sales ) ) ) -6 %
Gross Profit ) -18 %
Gross Profit % % %

All values are in US Dollars.

Our total revenue for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, was $4.2 million as compared to $4.4 million for the same period in 2024, a decrease of $0.2 million. This decrease was primarily due to a decrease of $0.6 million in sales of Avenanthramides, Beta Glucan and Oat Oil from prior period, offset by a $0.4 million increase in Macrilen revenue due to the timing of the acquisition of Aeterna. Cost of sales for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, increased by $0.2 million, primarily due to the higher sales volumes of Macrilen during the period. The gross margin for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, was $1.4 million as compared to $1.7 million for the same period in 2024, a decrease of $0.3 million, effectively resulting in a 6% decrease to gross margin as a result of slight production overruns in the first half of 2025.

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Researchand development expenses

The following table summarizes our research and development expenses incurred during the periods indicated:

(in thousands of US dollars, except percentages) Three months ended June 30,
2025 2024 Change Change
%
Direct research and development expenses:
Avenanthramides for inflammation-based diseases ) -63 %
Macimorelin pediatric DETECT-trial ) ) -112 %
PGX ) -16 %
Additional programs ) -45 %
Sub total ) -73 %
Employee-related expenses 10 %
Facilities, depreciation, and other expenses 71 %
Total ) -55 %

All values are in US Dollars.

Our total research and development expenses in the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, decreased by $0.8 million compared to the same period in 2024. The decrease was primarily due to decreased spending on Avenanthramides of $0.3 million, the DETECT-trial of $0.4 million, and other programs of $0.1 million.

(in thousands of US dollars, except percentages) Six months ended June 30,
2025 2024 Change Change
%
Direct research and development expenses:
Avenanthramides for inflammation-based diseases ) -60 %
Macimorelin pediatric DETECT-trial ) -33 %
PGX ) -53 %
Additional programs ) -27 %
Sub total ) -50 %
Employee-related expenses 37 %
Facilities, depreciation, and other expenses 170 %
Total ) -30 %

All values are in US Dollars.

Our total research and development expenses for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, were $1.8 million as compared to $2.6 million for the same period in 2024, a decrease of $0.8 million. The decrease was primarily due to decreased spending on Avenanthramides of $0.8 million.

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Selling,general and administrative expenses

The following table summarizes our Selling, general and administrative expenses incurred during the periods indicated:

(in thousands of US dollars, except percentages) Three months ended June 30,
2025 2024 Change Change
%
Selling, general and administrative expenses:
Salaries & benefits 121 %
Insurance 122 %
Professional fees ) -45 %
Other office & general expenses ) -50 %
Total selling, general and administrative expenses ) -13 %

All values are in US Dollars.

Our total selling, general and administrative expenses for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, were $2.6 million as compared to $3.0 million for the same period in 2024, a decrease of $0.4 million. This was primarily attributable to the timing of the merger and the impact of the respective costs such as:

● An<br> increase in Salaries & benefits of $0.6 million;
● An<br> increase in Insurance costs of $0.1 million; offset by
--- ---
● A<br> decrease in office & general expenses of $0.5 million; and
--- ---
● A<br> decrease in professional fees of $0.6 million primarily due to the additional legal costs<br> in 2024 related to the transaction
--- ---
(in thousands of US dollars, except percentages) Six months ended June 30,
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
2025 2024 Change Change
%
Selling, general and administrative expenses:
Salaries & benefits 174 %
Insurance 264 %
Professional fees ) -40 %
Other office & general expenses ) -10 %
Total selling, general and administrative expenses 18 %

All values are in US Dollars.

Our total selling, general and administrative expenses for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, were $5.6 million as compared to $4.7 million for the same period in 2024, an increase of $0.9 million. This was primarily attributable to the timing of the merger and the impact of the respective costs such as:

● An<br> increase in Salaries & benefits of $1.5 million due to 1 month of Aeterna salaries being<br> presented in 2024 versus 6 months in 2025;
● An<br> increase in Insurance costs of $0.4 million; offset by
--- ---
● A<br> decrease in office & general expenses of $0.1 million; and
--- ---
● A<br> decrease in professional fees of $0.9 million primarily due to the additional legal costs<br> in 2024 related to the transaction
--- --- 
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Otherincome (costs)

For the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2025, our net other costs were $0.3 million and $0.4 million as compared to a net other income of $1.9 million and $1.9 million respectively for the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2024, a decrease of $2.2 million and $2.3 million respectively for the three-month and six-month periods ended. This was primarily attributable to the decrease of the change in fair value of warrant and DSU liabilities in the amount of $2.1 million and foreign exchange losses.

Netloss

For the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, we reported a consolidated net loss of $2.7 million, or $0.85 loss per common share, as compared with a consolidated net loss of $1.4 million, or $0.64 loss per common share for the same period in 2024. The $1.3 million increase in net loss is attributable to the movements described above.

For the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, we reported a consolidated net loss of $6.4 million, or $2.00 loss per common share, as compared with a consolidated net loss of $2.8 million, or $1.39 loss per common share for the same period in 2024. The $3.6 million increase in net loss is attributable to the movements described above and a decrease in income tax recovery of $0.9 million.

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Selectedquarterly financial data

Three months ended
(in thousands of US dollars, except for per share data) June 30, 2025 March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 September 30, 2024
Revenues 2,749 1,500
Net loss (2,701 ) (3,655 ) ) )
Net loss per share (basic and diluted) ^(1)^ (0.85 ) (1.16 ) ) )

All values are in US Dollars.

Three months ended
(in thousands of US dollars, except for per share data) June 30, 2024 March 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 September 30, 2023
Revenues
Net loss ) ) ) )
Net loss per share (basic and diluted) ^(1)^ ) ) ) )

All values are in US Dollars.

(1) Net<br> loss per share is based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during each reporting period, which may differ on a<br> quarter-to-quarter basis. As such, the sum of the quarterly net loss per share amounts may not equal full-year net loss per share.

Historical quarterly results of operations and net loss cannot be taken as reflective of recurring revenue or expenditure patterns of predictable trends, largely given the non-recurring nature of certain components of our revenues, unpredictable quarterly variations in net finance income and of foreign exchange gains and losses.

Historical quarterly sales and results primarily fluctuate due to variations in the timing of customer orders of different product mixes, and changes in the optimal use of our capacity to manufacture products.

ConsolidatedStatements of Financial Position Data

(in thousands of US dollars) June<br>30, 2025 December<br>31, 2024
Cash and cash equivalents
Trade and other receivables and other assets
Inventory
Restricted cash equivalents
Property, equipment and intangible assets
Total assets
Payables, accrued liabilities and income taxes payable
Current portion of provisions
Current portion of deferred revenues
Provisions
Lease liabilities
Warrant and DSU liabilities
Non-financial non-current liabilities ^(1)^
Total liabilities
Shareholders’ equity
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

All values are in US Dollars.

(1) Comprised<br> mainly of employee future benefits and non-current portion of deferred revenues. 
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Liquidityand capital resources

The Company’s objective in managing capital, consisting of shareholders’ equity, with cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents being its primary components, is to ensure sufficient liquidity to finance its manufacturing operations, R&D costs, selling, general and administrative expenses and working capital requirements. The capital management objective of the Company remains the same as that in previous periods. The policy on dividends is to retain cash to keep funds available to finance the activities required to advance the Company’s product development portfolio and to pursue appropriate commercial opportunities as they may arise. The Company is not subject to any capital requirements imposed by any regulators or by any other external source.

Cashflows

The following table shows a summary of our consolidated cash flows for the periods indicated:

(in thousands of US dollars) Three months ended Six months ended
June 30, June 30,
2025 2024 2025 2024
Cash and cash equivalents – Beginning of period
Net cash used in operating activities ) ) ) )
Net cash used in financing activities ) ) ) )
Net cash used in investing activities ) )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash & cash equivalents ) )
Cash and cash equivalents – End of period

All values are in US Dollars.

OperatingActivities

Cash used by operating activities was $4.4 million for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to $1.4 million in the same period in 2024. This $3.0 million increase in operating cash outflows is attributed primarily to:

● a<br> $4.2 million increase in net working capital change in operating assets and liabilities from<br> the previous period due primarily to the timing of the merger and the impact of the respective<br> costs; offset by
● a<br> decrease in operating costs of $1.2 million
--- ---

Cash used by operating activities was $6.3 million for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to $3.8 million in the same period in 2024. This $2.5 million increase in operating cash outflows is attributed primarily to:

● a<br> $1.9 million increase in net working capital change in operating assets and liabilities from<br> the previous period due primarily to the timing of the merger and the impact of the respective<br> costs; and
● a<br> $0.3 million decrease in gross margin; and
--- ---
● an<br> increase in operating costs of $0.1 million; and
--- ---
● an<br> increase in other costs (excluding change in fair value of liabilities) of $0.2 million.
--- ---

Investingactivities

Cash used in investing activities totaled $0.05 million for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to cash provided by investing activities of $25.9 million in the same period in 2024. This $26.0 million decrease in investing cash inflows is attributed primarily to cash inflows associated with the acquisition of Aeterna of $26.0 million.

Cash used in investing activities was $0.7 million for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to cash provided by investing activities of $25.3 million in the same period in 2024. This $26.0 million decrease in investing cash inflows is attributed primarily to cash inflows associated with the acquisition of Aeterna of $26.0 million.

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Financingactivities

Cash used in financing activities totaled $0.1 million for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to $0.1 million for the three-month period ended June 30, 2024, remaining consistent quarter over quarter.

Cash used in financing activities totaled $0.3 million for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to $0.2 million for the six-month period ended June 30, 2024. This $0.1 million increase in cash outflows is primarily related to additional payments of DSU’s and lease liabilities.

CapitalStock

As of August 13, 2025, we had 3,177,035 common shares issued and outstanding, as well as, 111,557 stock options, 27,500 deferred share units and 656,724 warrants outstanding. Each stock option, deferred share unit and warrant is exercisable for one common share.

Adequacyof financial resources

As of June 30, 2025, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $17.2 million and a net loss of $2.7 million resulting in negative cash flows from operations of $4.4 million for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025. We believe that our existing cash on hand will be sufficient to fund our anticipated operating and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months. We plan to finance our future operations and capital expenditures primarily through products sales and cash on hand. We also believe that our existing cash on hand will be sufficient to fund our anticipated operating and capital expenditure requirements beyond the next 12 months and into 2027. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could exhaust our capital resources sooner than we expect. We may also require additional capital to pursue in-licenses or acquisitions of other product candidates.

Our forecast of the period through which our financial resources will be adequate to support our operations is a forward-looking statement that involves risks and uncertainties, and actual results could vary materially as a result of a number of factors. Our future capital requirements are difficult to forecast and will depend on many factors, including:

● the<br>terms and timing of any other collaboration, licensing, and other arrangements that we may establish;
● the<br>initiation, progress, timing, and completion of preclinical studies and clinical trials for our current and future potential product<br>candidates, as well as other research and development programs;
--- ---
● our<br>alignment with health authorities on regulatory approval requirements;
--- ---
● the<br>number and characteristics of product candidates that we pursue;
--- ---
● the<br>outcome, timing, and cost of regulatory approvals;
--- ---
● delays<br>that may be caused by changing regulatory requirements;
--- ---
● the<br>cost and timing of hiring new employees to support our continued growth and potential expense associated with any loss of key personnel;
--- ---
● the<br>costs involved in filing and prosecuting patent applications and enforcing and defending patent claims;
--- ---
● the<br>costs of filing and prosecuting intellectual property rights and enforcing and defending any intellectual property-related claims;
--- ---
● the<br>costs associated with any potential late receipt or non-receipt of trade and other receivables;
--- ---
● the<br>potential costs associated with foreign currency fluctuations or changing interest rates;
--- ---
● our<br>ability to expand our customer base and related demand fluctuations;
--- ---
● the<br>costs associated with any potential interruption or quality impacts on raw material supplies;
--- ---
● the<br>transition to a new presidential administration in the United States, including the potential use and effects of tariffs to address the<br>administration’s policy goals, could materially impact the macroeconomic framework in which we operate.
--- ---
● the<br>costs of responding to and defending ourselves against complaints and potential litigation;
--- ---
● the<br>costs and timing of procuring clinical and commercial supplies for our product candidates; and
--- ---
● the<br>extent to which we acquire or in-license other product candidates and technologies.
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Contractualobligations and commitments as of June 30, 2025

Significant expenditure contracted for at the end of the reporting period but not recognized as liabilities is as follows:

(in thousands of US dollars) TOTAL
Less than 1 year
1 - 5 years

All values are in US Dollars.

The Company previously entered into license agreements with Agriculture Canada (AG) for a technology to increase the concentration of avenanthramides in selected oat and with University of Alberta for a Pressurized Gas eXpanded Technology (PGX) for the processing of various polymers. The royalty percentage rate would be 2% strictly for sales made from avenanthramides produced from the AG technology while royalty percentage rates would range between 1.0% to 3.5% for sales made from products manufactured using the PGX Technology, the rate being according to the classification of the resulting product (cosmeceutical, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical).

Contingencies

From time to time, the Company may be a party to litigation and subject to claims incidental to its business. Although the results of litigation and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company currently believes that the final outcome of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on its business. At each reporting period, the Company evaluates whether or not a potential loss amount or a potential range of loss is probable and reasonably estimable, requiring recognition of a loss accrual, or whether the potential loss is reasonably possible, requiring potential disclosure.

CriticalAccounting Estimates and Judgments

Critical accounting estimates and assumptions, as well as critical judgements used in applying accounting policies in the preparation of the Company’s condensed interim consolidated financial statements, were the same as those applied to Company’s annual consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024, except for those noted in note 2 of the interim condensed consolidated financial statements for the period ended June 30, 2025.

FinancialRisk Factors and Other Financial Instruments

The nature and extent of our exposure to risks arising from financial instruments, including credit risk, liquidity risk and market risk and how we manage those risks are described in note 23 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2024. There have been no significant changes to our financial risk factors and other financial instruments during the six months ended June 30, 2025.

RelatedParty Transactions

During the three and six month period ended June 30, 2025, other than employment agreements and indemnification agreements with our management, there are no further related party transactions.

Off-BalanceSheet Arrangements

As of June 30, 2025, we did not have any interests in special purpose entities or any other off-balance sheet arrangements.

RiskFactors and Uncertainties

An investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. In addition to the other information included in this MD&A and in the related consolidated financial statements, investors are urged to carefully consider the risks described under the heading “RiskFactors” in the Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2024 and under the heading “Risks and Uncertainties”, for a discussion of the various risks that may materially affect our business. The risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also materially harm our business, operating results and financial condition and could result in a complete loss of your investment.

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Ourmost recent Annual Report on Form 20-F was filed with the relevant Canadian securities’ regulatory  authorities at www.sedarplus.caand with the SEC at www.sec.gov, and investors are urged to consult such risk factors. Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of the Company are responsible for establishing and maintaining our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Canadian securities legislation).  Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under U.S. and Canadian securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

The Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as at June 30, 2025. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of that date due to the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2024 available on SEDAR+ at www.sedarplus.ca and on EDGAR at sec.gov and as described below.

Management’sReport on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS.

All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentations. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Our management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2025, based on the criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework: 2013issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the “COSO framework”). Based on the results of that evaluation, our management concluded that, as of June 30, 2025, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was not effective due to the identification of the material weaknesses disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2024, and described below.

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MaterialWeaknesses

A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim consolidated financial statements may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

Our management concluded that material weaknesses existed as of the year ended December 31, 2024. Specifically, based on the criteria established by the COSO framework, our management identified deficiencies in the COSO framework principles associated with the control environment, control activities, information and communication and monitoring components of internal control, that constitute material weaknesses, either individually or in the aggregate.

The Company underwent a business combination on June 3, 2024 pursuant to which Aeterna combined with Ceapro in a plan of arrangement. As part of the integration of Aeterna and Ceapro, our management has put in place a process to standardize policies and procedures and harmonize controls across the Company in order to develop and operate effective internal control over financial reporting. As the harmonization of these controls remains in progress, the following material weaknesses were identified by management as of December 31, 2024:

IneffectiveControl Environment: The Company did not maintain an effective control environment based on the criteria established in the COSO framework. The Company did not have sufficient competent personnel with the appropriate levels of knowledge, experience, and training in accounting and internal control over financial reporting. The material weakness in the control environment led to the additional material weaknesses detailed below.

IneffectiveControl Activities: The Company did not maintain effective control activities based on the criteria established in the COSO framework. Specifically, these control deficiencies constitute material weaknesses, either individually or in the aggregate:

(a) Control<br> activities were not designed, implemented or performed in a timely manner to support the<br> operating effectiveness of the controls to prevent and detect potential material errors.
(b) The<br> Company lacked sufficient personnel with appropriate technical training in, and experience<br> with, IFRS to allow for a detailed review of complex accounting transactions that would identify<br> errors in a timely manner, including in areas such as revenue recognition, inventory, fixed<br> assets and impairment of assets.
--- ---
(c) The<br> Company did not have an adequate segregation of duties or appropriate level of review that<br> is needed to comply with financial reporting requirements, including segregation of duties<br> over the preparation, independent review, and recording of journal entries.
--- ---

IneffectiveInformation and Communication: Management was unable to generate or provide adequate quality supporting information and communication based on the criteria established in the COSO framework. Management concluded that the Information Technology General Controls were not operating effectively, undermining the Information Technology environment’s capability to support the integrity of financial reporting, with deficiencies identified across all key Information Technology General Controls areas in scope.

IneffectiveMonitoring Activities: The Company did not maintain effective monitoring activities based on the criteria established in the COSO framework. Management identified that the Company did not have in place adequate processes for oversight, accountability for performance of internal control over financial reporting responsibilities, and timely implementation of corrective activities, and therefore could not perform sufficient ongoing evaluations to ascertain whether the components of internal control were present and functioning.

Management’sPlan to Remediate the Material Weaknesses

We have developed and are in the process of implementing a remediation plan to address the material weaknesses discussed above and to improve our internal control over financial reporting. The remediation plan includes:

● We<br> are evaluating our long-term resource needs and requirements to ensure we have adequate resources<br> with the necessary technical knowledge, oversight and accountability to ensure there is adequate<br> segregation of duties and to satisfy the Company’s internal control over financial<br> reporting needs and requirements. We have also committed to providing the Company’s<br> personnel with the necessary guidance and on-the-job training to effectively perform their<br> responsibilities related to internal control over financial reporting. 
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| --- | | ● | We<br> will formalize the documentation of internal control over financial reporting at the Company<br> to assist in assessing, implementing and maintaining an effective control environment, including:<br> scoping and risk assessment; business process flows; risk control matrices; and the evaluation<br> of the design and operating effectiveness of controls. | | --- | --- | | ● | We<br> are implementing a formal monitoring program over our internal control framework that will<br> more effectively identify, evaluate and remediate deficiencies than the current year and<br> regularly report on progress of internal control remediation efforts to the audit committee<br> during 2025. | | ● | We<br> will implement additional system capabilities and enhance existing controls that support<br> management’s assertions with respect to the completeness, accuracy and validity of<br> complex accounting transactions on a timely basis. |

Although the documentation of internal control over financial reporting has been formalized, the material weaknesses will not be remediated until the necessary controls have been fully implemented and are operationally effective. As we finalize and implement the remediation plan outlined above, we may also identify additional measures to address the material weaknesses or modify certain of the remediation procedures described above. We also may implement additional changes to our internal control over financial reporting as may be appropriate in the course of remediating the material weakness. There can be no assurance that the measures we take in response to the material weaknesses described above will be sufficient to remediate such material weaknesses or to avoid potential future material weaknesses or significant deficiencies.

The material weaknesses will continue to be addressed through 2025.

Changesin Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no significant changes to our internal controls over financial reporting for the three-month and six month periods ended June 30, 2025, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, internal controls over financial reporting.

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Exhibit99.3

FORM52-109F2

CERTIFICATIONOF INTERIM FILINGS

FULLCERTIFICATE

I, Anna Biehn**, Chief Executive Officer, COSCIENS Biopharma Inc.**, certify the following:

1. Review: I have reviewed the interim financial report and interim MD&A (together, the<br> “interim filings”) of COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (the “issuer”) for<br> the interim period ended June 30, 2025.
2. No misrepresentations: Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence,<br> the interim filings do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state<br> a material fact required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading<br> in light of the circumstances under which it was made, with respect to the period covered<br> by the interim filings.
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3. Fair presentation: Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim<br> financial report together with the other financial information included in the interim filings<br> fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, financial performance and<br> cash flows of the issuer, as of the date of and for the periods presented in the interim<br> filings.
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4. Responsibility: The issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing<br> and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (DC&P) and internal control over financial<br> reporting (ICFR), as those terms are defined in National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers’ Annual and Interim Filings, for the issuer.
--- ---
5. Design: Subject to the limitations, if any, described in paragraphs 5.2 and 5.3, the issuer’s<br> other certifying officer(s) and I have, as at the end of the period covered by the interim<br> filings
--- ---
(a) designed<br> DC&P, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance<br> that
--- ---
(i) material<br> information relating to the issuer is made known to us by others, particularly during the<br> period in which the interim filings are being prepared; and
--- ---
(ii) information<br> required to be disclosed by the issuer in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports<br> filed or submitted by it under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized<br> and reported within the time periods specified in securities legislation; and
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(b) designed<br> ICFR, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance<br> regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements<br> for external purposes in accordance with the issuer’s GAAP.
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5.1 Control framework: The control framework the issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and<br> I used to design the issuer’s ICFR is Internal Control – Integrated Framework:<br> 2013, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
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5.2 ICFR – material weakness<br> relating to design: The issuer has disclosed in its interim MD&A for each material weakness relating to design existing at the<br> end of the interim period
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1 a description of the material<br> weakness;
2 the impact of the material<br> weakness on the issuer’s financial reporting and its ICFR; and
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3 the<br> issuer’s current plans, if any, or any actions already undertaken, for remediating<br> the material weakness
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5.3 N/A
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6. Reporting changes in ICFR: The issuer has disclosed in its interim MD&A any change in the<br> issuer’s ICFR that occurred during the period beginning on January 1, 2025 and ended<br> on June 30, 2025 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect,<br> the issuer’s ICFR.
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Date: August 14th, 2025

/s/<br> Anna Biehn
Anna Biehn
Chief Executive Officer

Exhibit99.4

FORM52-109F2

CERTIFICATIONOF INTERIM FILINGS

FULLCERTIFICATE

I, Giuliano La Fratta**, Chief Financial Officer, COSCIENS Biopharma Inc.**, certify the following:

1. Review: I have reviewed the interim financial report and interim MD&A (together, the<br> “interim filings”) of COSCIENS Biopharma Inc. (the “issuer”) for<br> the interim period ended June 30, 2025.
2. No misrepresentations: Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence,<br> the interim filings do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state<br> a material fact required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading<br> in light of the circumstances under which it was made, with respect to the period covered<br> by the interim filings.
3. Fair presentation: Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim<br> financial report together with the other financial information included in the interim filings<br> fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, financial performance and<br> cash flows of the issuer, as of the date of and for the periods presented in the interim<br> filings.
4. Responsibility: The issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing<br> and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (DC&P) and internal control over financial<br> reporting (ICFR), as those terms are defined in National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers’ Annual and Interim Filings, for the issuer.
5. Design: Subject to the limitations, if any, described in paragraphs 5.2 and 5.3, the issuer’s<br> other certifying officer(s) and I have, as at the end of the period covered by the interim<br> filings
(a) designed<br> DC&P, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance<br> that
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(i) material<br> information relating to the issuer is made known to us by others, particularly during the<br> period in which the interim filings are being prepared; and
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(ii) information<br> required to be disclosed by the issuer in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports<br> filed or submitted by it under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized<br> and reported within the time periods specified in securities legislation; and
(b) designed<br> ICFR, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance<br> regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements<br> for external purposes in accordance with the issuer’s GAAP.
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5.1 Control framework: The control framework the issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and<br> I used to design the issuer’s ICFR is Internal Control – Integrated Framework:<br> 2013, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
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5.2 ICFR – material weakness relating to design: The issuer has disclosed in its interim<br> MD&A for each material weakness relating to design existing at the end of the interim<br> period
1 a<br>description of the material weakness;
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2 the<br>impact of the material weakness on the issuer’s financial reporting and its ICFR; and
3 the<br> issuer’s current plans, if any, or any actions already undertaken, for remediating<br> the material weakness.
5.3 N/A
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6. Reporting changes in ICFR: The issuer has disclosed in its interim MD&A any change in the<br> issuer’s ICFR that occurred during the period beginning on January 1, 2025 and ended<br> on June 30, 2025 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect,<br> the issuer’s ICFR.
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Date: August 14th, 2025

/s/ Giuliano La Fratta
Giuliano<br>La Fratta
ChiefFinancial Officer

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