8-K
CV Sciences, Inc. (CVSI)
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): March 28, 2024
CV SCIENCES, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
| Delaware | 000-54677 | 80-0944970 |
|---|---|---|
| (State or Other Jurisdiction<br><br>of Incorporation) | (Commission File Number) | (IRS Employer<br><br>Identification No.) |
| 9530 Padgett Street, Suite 107<br><br>San Diego, California | 92126 | |
| (Address of Principal Executive Offices) | (Zip Code) |
Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (866) 290-2157
Not Applicable
(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
| ☐ | Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425) |
|---|---|
| ☐ | Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12) |
| ☐ | Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b)) |
| ☐ | Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c)) |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading<br><br>Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered |
|---|
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§ 230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§ 240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Item 2.02 Results of Operations and Financial Conditions
The information provided below in "Item 7.01 - Regulation FD Disclosure" of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated by reference into this Item 2.02.
Item 7.01 Regulation FD Disclosure
On March 28, 2024, CV Sciences, Inc. (the "Company") issued a press release regarding the Company’s financial results for its fiscal year and quarter ended December 31, 2023. A copy of that press release is furnished as Exhibit 99.1 hereto and incorporated herein by reference.The press release includes non-GAAP financial measures as defined in Regulation G. The press release also includes a presentation of the most directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP), information reconciling the non-GAAP financial measures to the GAAP financial measures and a discussion of the reasons why the Company’s management believes that presentation of the non-GAAP financial measures provides useful information to investors regarding the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. The non-GAAP financial measures presented therein should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.
Exhibit 99.1 contains forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Forward-looking statements are based upon assumptions as to future events that may not prove to be accurate. Actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed in these forward-looking statements.
The information set forth under Item 7.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K (“Current Report”), including Exhibit 99.1 attached hereto, is being furnished and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or otherwise subject to the liabilities of such section. The information in Item 7.01 of this Current Report, including Exhibit 99.1, shall not be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, regardless of any incorporation by reference language in any such filing, except as expressly set forth by specific reference in such a filing. This Current Report will not be deemed an admission as to the materiality of any information in this Current Report that is required to be disclosed solely by Regulation FD.
Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits
(d) Exhibits
| Exhibit<br><br>Number | Description |
|---|---|
| 99.1 | Press Release of CV Sciences, Inc. dated March 28, 2024 |
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document) |
* Filed herewith.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
| CV SCIENCES, INC. | ||
|---|---|---|
| Date: March 28, 2024 | By: | /s/ Joseph Dowling |
| Joseph Dowling | ||
| Chief Executive Officer |
EX-99.1
Exhibit 99.1
CV Sciences, Inc. Reports Fiscal Year-End 2023 Financial Results
San Diego, CA - March 28, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) - CV Sciences, Inc. (OTCQB:CVSI) (the “Company”, “CV Sciences”, “our”, “us” or “we”), a preeminent consumer wellness company specializing in hemp extracts and other proven science-backed, natural ingredients and products, today announced its financial results for the year and quarter ended December 31, 2023.
Fiscal 2023, Fourth Quarter 2023 and Recent Financial and Operating Highlights
• Generated revenue of $16.0 million for fiscal 2023 compared to $16.2 million for 2022; Revenue of $3.8 million for the fourth quarter 2023 compared to $4.1 million in the third quarter 2023;
• Recognized gross margin of 44.3% for fiscal year 2023, a significant improvement from 34.2% for 2022; Gross margin of 45.8% for the fourth quarter 2023, a sequential improvement from 45.1% for the third quarter 2023;
• Cash balance of $1.3 million at year end compared to $0.6 million at the end of 2022;
• Generated cash flow from operations of $2.3 million in the fiscal year 2023 compared to cash used in operations of $1.9 million in 2022; cash flow from operations in 2023 included employee retention credit (ERC) under the CARES Act for a total of $2.5 million;
• Continued to reduce operating expenses, excluding the benefit from reversal of accrued payroll taxes, by 20% to $9.9 million for fiscal year 2023 compared to $12.4 million for 2022;
• Further established number one position as top-selling hemp extract brand in the natural product retail sales channel, according to SPINS, the leading provider of syndicated data and insights for the natural, organic and specialty products industry;
• Launched +PlusCBDTM Reserve Collection Extra Gummies and Reserve Collection 30ct softgels to support stress relief and relaxation (Q1 2023);
• Launched +PlusCBDTM Daily Balance, a new line of THC-free gummies and softgels (Q1 2023);
• Received formal notice of patent issuance from Japan Patent Office for formulations containing CBD and nicotine for treating smokeless tobacco addiction (Q1 2023);
• Received employee retention credit (ERC) under the CARES Act for a total of $2.5 million and extinguished outstanding note payable with Streeterville (Q1 2023);
• Reversed accrued payroll tax associated with RSU release to founder in 2019 due to the expiration of the statute of limitations (Q1 2023);
• Received preliminary approval of proposed settlement of shareholder derivative lawsuit (Q1 2023);
• Launched +PlusCBDTM Reserve Collection Extra Gummies to support healthy sleep, faster recovery, deeper relaxation and a brighter mood (Q2 2023);
• Launched +PlusCBDTM Reserve Sleep Gummies, specifically designed for better sleep (Q3 2023);
• Expanded +PlusCBDTM Pet product offering with the launch of pet chews for hip and joint health and calming care chews (Q1 2024);
• Acquired Cultured FoodsTM, a leading manufacturer and distributor of alternative plant-based vegan foods, providing the Company with manufacturing and distribution foothold in the EU that will allow for leverage of our key strengths and competencies (Q4 2023); and
• Continued to build an efficient and cost effective consumer products platform and continue to evaluate inbound and outbound merger, sale, acquisition or other options for the Company.
“We are very pleased with our fiscal year 2023 results. In a challenging environment, our revenues stayed flat at $16 million in FY23 compared to prior year. Our 44.3% gross margin in FY23 is significantly improved from 34.2% in FY22,” stated Joseph Dowling, Chief Executive Officer of CV Sciences. “Our 2023 progress demonstrates our
continuous commitment to innovation and cost-efficient execution as we move closer to profitability and positive cash flow. As the CBD category consolidates, we have increased our market share in key sales channels, including the natural product retail channel. We will continue to focus our resources on new product development, as evidenced by our pet line expansion with our recent launch of pet chews for hip and joint health and calming care. During FY23, with the acquisition of Cultured Foods, we launched our transition to a global health and wellness company that will use M&A as a vehicle to leverage the strengths and assets of our Company.”
Operating Results - Full Year 2023 Compared to Full Year 2022
Sales for fiscal 2023 were $16.0 million, a decrease of 1.2% from $16.2 million in 2022. The decline is primarily due to lower B2C sales of $0.4 million because of lower average order value. B2B sales increased by $0.2 million or 1.5% to $9.2 million in 2023. The total number of units sold during fiscal 2023 decreased by 6.7%, partially offset by increases in average sales price per unit. We generated an operating income of $3.4 million in fiscal 2023, compared to an operating loss of $6.8 million in, mostly due to the reversal of accrued payroll tax of $6.2 million, improved gross margins and lower operating expenses. The Company had negative adjusted EBITDA of $2.3 million for fiscal 2023, an improvement of 62%, compared to negative adjusted EBITDA of $6.1 million in 2022.
Fourth Quarter 2023 Results
During the fourth quarter of 2023, sales decreased 2% to $3.8 million compared to $3.9 million in the same prior year period. The total number of units sold during the fourth quarter 2023 slightly increased, offset by decreases in average sales price per unit. Fourth quarter sales decreased sequentially by 7% compared to the third quarter of 2023. We generated an operating loss $0.9 million in the fourth quarter of 2023, compared to an operating loss of $2.1 million in the fourth quarter 2022, mostly due to improved gross margins, lower operating expenses and lower intangible assets impairment charges. The Company had negative adjusted EBITDA for the fourth quarter of 2023 of $0.5 million, compared to negative adjusted EBITDA of $0.7 million in the fourth quarter of 2022.
Conference Call and Webcast
The Company will host a conference call and webcast to discuss these results today at 10:00 am EDT/7:00 am PDT. The webcast of the conference call will be available on the Investor Relations section of the Company's website at https://ir.cvsciences.com/news-events or directly at https://viavid.webcasts.com/starthere.jsp?ei=1655740&tp_key=ff6ae49b9f. Investors interested in participating in the live call can also dial (877) 407-0784 from the U.S. or international callers can dial (201) 689-8560. A telephone replay will be available approximately three hours after the call concludes, and will be available through Thursday, April 4, 2024, by dialing (844) 512-2921 from the U.S. or (412) 317-6671 from international locations, and entering confirmation code 13744366.
About CV Sciences, Inc.
CV Sciences, Inc. (OTCQB:CVSI) is a consumer wellness company specializing in nutraceuticals and plant-based foods. The Company's hemp extracts and other proven, science-backed, natural ingredients and products are sold through a range of sales channels from B2B to B2C. The Company's +PlusCBD™ branded products are sold at select retail locations throughout the U.S. and are the top-selling brands of hemp extracts in the natural products market, according to SPINS, the leading provider of syndicated data and insights for the natural, organic and specialty products industry. With a commitment to science, +PlusCBD™ product benefits in healthy people are supported by human clinical research data, in addition to three published clinical case studies available on PubMed.gov. +PlusCBD™ was the first hemp extract supplement brand to invest in the scientific evidence necessary to receive self-affirmed Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) status. The Company's Cultured FoodsTM brand provides a variety of 100% plant-based food products. Committed to crafting nutritious and flavorful alternatives, Cultured FoodsTM caters to individuals seeking vegan, gluten-free, or flexitarian options for a wholesome and satisfying culinary experience. CV Sciences, Inc. has primary offices and facilities in San Diego, California, and Warsaw, Poland. The Company also operates a drug development program focused on developing and commercializing CBD-based novel therapeutics. Additional information is available from OTCMarkets.com or by visiting www.cvsciences.com.
Forward Looking Statements
This press release may contain certain forward-looking statements and information, as defined within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and is subject to the Safe Harbor created by those sections. This material contains statements about expected future events and/or financial results that are forward-looking in nature and subject to risks and uncertainties. Such forward-looking statements by definition involve risk and uncertainties. CV Sciences does not undertake any obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, except as required by applicable law. As a result, investors should not place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements.
Contact Information
ir@cvsciences.com
CV SCIENCES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
| Years Ended December 31, | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||
| Product sales, net | $ | 16,004 | $ | 16,205 | ||
| Cost of goods sold | 8,919 | 10,655 | ||||
| Gross profit | 7,085 | 5,550 | ||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||
| Research and development | 151 | 307 | ||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 9,745 | 12,090 | ||||
| Benefit from reversal of accrued payroll taxes | (6,171 | ) | — | |||
| Total operating expenses | 3,725 | 12,397 | ||||
| Operating income (loss) | 3,360 | (6,847 | ) | |||
| Gain on debt extinguishment | — | (127 | ) | |||
| Other expense, net | 264 | 1,541 | ||||
| Income (loss) before income taxes | 3,096 | (8,261 | ) | |||
| Income tax benefit | (6 | ) | (47 | ) | ||
| Net income (loss) | 3,102 | (8,214 | ) | |||
| Deemed dividend for beneficial conversion of Series A convertible preferred stock | — | 920 | ||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders | $ | 3,102 | $ | (9,134 | ) | |
| Weighted average common shares outstanding | ||||||
| Basic | 153,954 | 138,034 | ||||
| Diluted | 153,955 | 138,034 | ||||
| Net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders | ||||||
| Basic | $ | 0.02 | $ | (0.07 | ) | |
| Diluted | $ | 0.02 | $ | (0.07 | ) |
CV SCIENCES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except per share data)
| December 31, 2022 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assets | |||||
| Current assets: | |||||
| Cash | 1,317 | $ | 611 | ||
| Accounts receivable, net | 431 | 766 | |||
| Inventory | 5,655 | 6,563 | |||
| Prepaid expenses and other | 535 | 3,190 | |||
| Total current assets | 7,938 | 11,130 | |||
| Property and equipment, net | 379 | 575 | |||
| Right of use assets | 167 | 275 | |||
| Intangibles, net | 78 | 251 | |||
| Goodwill | 342 | — | |||
| Other assets | 296 | 505 | |||
| Total assets | 9,200 | $ | 12,736 | ||
| Liabilities and stockholders' equity (deficit) | |||||
| Current liabilities: | |||||
| Accounts payable | 2,309 | $ | 2,284 | ||
| Accrued expenses | 3,422 | 9,690 | |||
| Operating lease liability - current | 130 | 117 | |||
| Debt, net of debt discounts | 254 | 1,223 | |||
| Total current liabilities | 6,115 | 13,314 | |||
| Operating lease liability - net of current portion | 58 | 188 | |||
| Deferred tax liability | 19 | 11 | |||
| Other liabilities | 105 | — | |||
| Total liabilities | 6,297 | 13,513 | |||
| Commitments and contingencies | |||||
| Stockholders' equity (deficit) | |||||
| Preferred stock, par value 0.0001; 10,000 shares authorized; 1 share issued as of December 31, 2023 and 2022; no shares outstanding as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 | — | — | |||
| Common stock, par value 0.0001; 790,000 shares authorized; 161,679 and 152,104 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively | 16 | 15 | |||
| Additional paid-in capital | 87,464 | 86,897 | |||
| Accumulated deficit | (84,587 | ) | (87,689 | ) | |
| Accumulated other comprehensive income | 10 | — | |||
| Total stockholders' equity (deficit) | 2,903 | (777 | ) | ||
| Total liabilities and stockholders' equity (deficit) | 9,200 | $ | 12,736 |
All values are in US Dollars.
CV SCIENCES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
| Years Ended December 31, | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||
| OPERATING ACTIVITIES | ||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 3,102 | $ | (8,214 | ) | |
| Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities: | ||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 235 | 992 | ||||
| Stock-based compensation | 218 | 1,009 | ||||
| Employee retention credit benefit | — | (2,516 | ) | |||
| Note discount and interest expense | 112 | 1,563 | ||||
| Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets | 251 | 1,234 | ||||
| Benefit from reversal of accrued payroll tax | (6,171 | ) | — | |||
| Non-cash lease expense | 108 | 70 | ||||
| Loss on sale of property and equipment | — | 150 | ||||
| Gain on debt extinguishment | — | (127 | ) | |||
| Deferred taxes | (14 | ) | (51 | ) | ||
| Other | 407 | 449 | ||||
| Change in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | 352 | 1,065 | ||||
| Inventory | 1,042 | 2,061 | ||||
| Prepaid expenses and other | 2,931 | 1,680 | ||||
| Accounts payable and accrued expenses | (320 | ) | (1,250 | ) | ||
| Net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities | 2,253 | (1,885 | ) | |||
| INVESTING ACTIVITIES | ||||||
| Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired | (156 | ) | — | |||
| Net cash flows used in investing activities | (156 | ) | — | |||
| FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||
| Repayment of note payable | (1,117 | ) | (953 | ) | ||
| Repayment of unsecured debt | (274 | ) | (336 | ) | ||
| Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock and common stock warrants | — | 700 | ||||
| Issuance costs related to issuance of preferred stock and common stock warrants | — | (146 | ) | |||
| Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes | — | 1,000 | ||||
| Debt issuance costs related to convertible notes | — | (46 | ) | |||
| Proceeds from issuance of note payable | — | 2,000 | ||||
| Debt issuance costs related to note payable | — | (423 | ) | |||
| Repayment of convertible notes | — | (675 | ) | |||
| Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities | (1,391 | ) | 1,121 | |||
| Net change in cash | 706 | (764 | ) | |||
| Cash, beginning of period | 611 | 1,375 | ||||
| Cash, end of period | $ | 1,317 | $ | 611 | ||
| Supplemental cash flow disclosures: | ||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Interest paid | $ | 7 | $ | 6 | ||
| Income taxes paid | $ | — | $ | 2 | ||
| Supplemental disclosure of non-cash transactions: | ||||||
| Purchase of insurance through issuance of note payable | $ | 259 | $ | 245 | ||
| Convertible note principal conversion into shares of common stock | $ | — | $ | (1,284 | ) | |
| Services paid with common stock | $ | — | $ | 385 | ||
| Fair value of assets acquired, excluding cash | $ | 275 | $ | — | ||
| Liabilities assumed | (77 | ) | — | |||
| Goodwill on acquisition | 336 | — | ||||
| Common stock consideration | (250 | ) | — | |||
| Holdback liability | (18 | ) | — | |||
| Contingent consideration | (88 | ) | — | |||
| Deferred tax liabilities | (22 | ) | ||||
| Cash paid for acquisition | $ | 156 | $ | — |
CV SCIENCES, INC.
NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES (UNAUDITED)
We prepare our financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for the United States (GAAP). The non-GAAP financial measures, such as net income (loss) per share and Adjusted EBITDA included in this press release are different from those otherwise presented under GAAP. We use non-GAAP measures internally to evaluate our performance and make financial and operational decisions that are presented in a manner that adjusts from their equivalent GAAP measures or that supplement the information provided by our GAAP measures. The non-GAAP financial measures exclude non-cash compensation expense for stock options. When evaluating the performance of our business and developing short and long-term plans, we do not consider share-based compensation charges. Although share-based compensation is necessary to attract and retain quality employees, our consideration of share-based compensation places its primary emphasis on overall shareholder dilution rather than the accounting charges associated with such grants. Because of the varying availability of valuation methodologies and subjective assumptions, we believe that the exclusion of share-based compensation allows for more accurate comparison of our financial results to previous periods. In addition, we believe it useful to investors to understand the specific impact of the application of the fair value method of accounting for share-based compensation on our operating results.
Adjusted EBITDA is defined by us as EBITDA (net income (loss) plus depreciation, amortization, and interest expense, net), minus income tax benefit, further adjusted to exclude certain non-cash expenses and other adjustments as set forth below. We use Adjusted EBITDA because we believe it more clearly highlights trends in our business that may not otherwise be apparent when relying solely on GAAP financial measures, since Adjusted EBITDA eliminates from our results specific financial items that have less bearing on our core operating performance.
We use Adjusted EBITDA in communicating certain aspects of our results and performance, including in this press release, and believe that Adjusted EBITDA, when viewed in conjunction with our GAAP results and the accompanying reconciliation, can provide investors with greater transparency and a greater understanding of factors affecting our financial condition and results of operations than GAAP measures alone. In addition, we believe the presentation of Adjusted EBITDA is useful to investors in making period-to-period comparison of results because the adjustments to GAAP are not reflective of our core business performance.
A reconciliation from our GAAP net income (loss) to non-GAAP net loss for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is detailed below (in thousands, except per share data):
| Years ended<br>December 31, | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders - GAAP | $ | 3,102 | $ | (9,134 | ) | |
| Stock-based compensation (1) | 218 | 1,009 | ||||
| Benefit from reversal of accrued payroll tax (2) | (6,171 | ) | — | |||
| Employee retention credit benefit (3) | — | (2,516 | ) | |||
| Note discount and interest expense (4) | 112 | 1,535 | ||||
| Gain on extinguishment of debt (5) | — | (127 | ) | |||
| Intangible asset impairment (6) | 251 | 1,234 | ||||
| Deemed dividend (7) | — | 920 | ||||
| Net loss - non-GAAP | $ | (2,488 | ) | $ | (7,079 | ) |
| Diluted EPS - GAAP | $ | 0.02 | $ | (0.07 | ) | |
| Stock-based compensation (1) | — | 0.01 | ||||
| Benefit from reversal of accrued payroll tax (2) | (0.04 | ) | — | |||
| Employee retention credit benefit (3) | — | (0.02 | ) | |||
| Note discount and interest expense (4) | — | 0.01 | ||||
| Gain on extinguishment of debt (5) | — | — | ||||
| Intangible asset impairment (6) | — | 0.01 | ||||
| Deemed dividend (7) | — | 0.01 | ||||
| Diluted EPS - non-GAAP | $ | (0.02 | ) | $ | (0.05 | ) |
| Shares used to calculate diluted EPS - GAAP and non-GAAP | 153,955 | 138,034 |
(1) Represents stock-based compensation expense related to stock options awarded to employees and non-executive directors based on the grant date fair value using the Black-Scholes valuation model.
(2) Represents benefit from reversal of accrued payroll tax associated with RSU release to founder in 2019.
(3) Represents expense reduction related to benefit for employee retention credit.
(4) Represents amortization of OID/debt issuance costs and interest expense for convertible notes payable and notes payable.
(5) Represents gain on extinguishment of debt related to our convertible note.
(6) Represents intangible asset impairment charge.
(7) Represents deemed dividend associated with beneficial conversion charge of conversion of Series A preferred stock.
A reconciliation from our net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP measure, for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is detailed below (in thousands):
| Years ended<br>December 31, | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 3,102 | $ | (8,214 | ) | |
| Depreciation and amortization expense | 235 | 992 | ||||
| Interest expense, net | 60 | 1,541 | ||||
| Income tax benefit | (6 | ) | (47 | ) | ||
| EBITDA | 3,391 | (5,728 | ) | |||
| Stock-based compensation (1) | 218 | 1,009 | ||||
| Benefit from reversal of accrued payroll tax (2) | (6,171 | ) | — | |||
| Employee retention credit benefit (3) | — | (2,516 | ) | |||
| Gain on extinguishment of debt (4) | — | (127 | ) | |||
| Intangible asset impairment (5) | 251 | 1,234 | ||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $ | (2,311 | ) | $ | (6,128 | ) |
(1) Represents stock-based compensation expense related to stock options awarded to employees and non-executive directors based on the grant date fair value using the Black-Scholes valuation model.
(2) Represents benefit from reversal of accrued payroll tax associated with RSU release to founder in 2019.
(3) Represents expense reduction related to benefit for employee retention credit.
(4) Represents gain on extinguishment of our convertible note during the year ended December 31, 2022.
(5) Represents intangible asset impairment charge.