Equibles

10-K

First Northwest Bancorp (FNWB)

10-K 2026-03-12 For: 2025-12-31
View Original
Added on April 07, 2026

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 or
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☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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For the transition period from _____ to _____

Commission File Number: 001-36741

FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Washington 46-1259100
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer I.D. Number)
105 West 8th Street, Port Angeles, Washington 98362
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (360) 457-0461

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class: Trading Symbol(s): Name of each exchange on which registered:
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share FNWB The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
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Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐ Accelerated filer ☒ Non-accelerated filer ☐
Smaller reporting company ☒ Emerging growth company ☐
--- --- --- ---

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. Yes ☒ No ☐

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

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Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b) ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

At March 5, 2026, the registrant had 9,450,547 shares of common stock issued and outstanding. The aggregate market value of the registrant's common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant based on the closing price of the stock as quoted on The Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC as of June 30, 2025, was $68,632,741.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:

Portions of the registrant's Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A for the 2026 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Table of Contents

FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP

2025 ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Forward-Looking Statements 5
PART I
Item 1. Business 6
General 6
Market Area 7
Lending Activities 8
Asset Quality 23
Investment Activities 29
Deposit Activities and Other Sources of Funds 32
Subsidiary and Other Activities 36
Competition 37
Human Capital Resources 37
Information About Our Executive Officers 38
Available Information 39
Regulation and Supervision 39
Taxation 45
Item 1A. Risk Factors 46
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments 60
Item 1C. Cybersecurity 61
Item 2. Properties 62
Item 3. Legal Proceedings 62
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 62
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities 62
Item 6. [Reserved] 62
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 63
General 63
Our Business and Operating Strategy 64
Critical Accounting Policies 65
New Accounting Pronouncements 66
Comparison of Financial Condition at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 66
Comparison of Results of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 69
Average Balances, Interest and Average Yields/Cost 72
Rate/Volume Analysis 73
Asset and Liability Management and Market Risk 73
Liquidity Management 75
Off-Balance Sheet Activities 76
Commitments and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements 76
Capital Resources 76
Effect of Inflation and Changing Prices 77
Recent Accounting Pronouncements 77
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 77
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 77

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FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP

2025 ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 133
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures 133
Item 9B. Other Information 134
Item 9C. Disclosures Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections 134
PART III.
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 134
Item 11. Executive Compensation 135
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters 135
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 135
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services 135
PART IV.
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules 135
Item 16. Form 10-K Summary 137
Signatures 137

As used in this report, the terms, "we," "our," and "us," and "Company" refer to First Northwest Bancorp ("First Northwest") and its wholly owned subsidiary First Fed Bank unless the context indicates otherwise. When we refer to "First Fed" or the "Bank" in this report, we are referring to First Fed Bank, the wholly owned subsidiary of First Northwest Bancorp.

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Forward-Looking Statements

Certain matters in this Annual Report on Form 10-K ("Form 10-K"), including information included or incorporated by reference, constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are not statements of historical fact, are based on certain assumptions and are generally identified by the use of words such as "anticipates," "assumes," "believes," "can," "continues," "could," "estimates," "expects," "forecasts," "goal," "intends," "likely," "may," "might," "objective," "plans," "potential," "projects," "remains," "should," "target," "trend," "will," "would," or similar expressions. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

• statements of our goals, intentions and expectations;
• statements regarding our business plans, prospects, growth and operating strategies;
• statements regarding the quality of our loan and investment portfolios;
• statements regarding litigation; and
• estimates of our risks and future costs and benefits.

These forward-looking statements are based on current beliefs and expectations of management and are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control. Actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements due to, among others, the following factors:

• risks associated with lending and potential adverse changes in the credit quality of our loan portfolio;
• legislative, regulatory and policy changes;
• uncertainties relating to litigation;
• the effects of changes in interest rates on the levels, composition and costs of deposits, loan demand and the values and liquidity of loan collateral, securities and interest-sensitive assets and liabilities;
• changes in monetary and fiscal policies including interest rate policies of the Federal Reserve and the impacts of such changes on our earnings;
• our ability to successfully execute on growth strategies and integrate technology into our business;
• pressures on liquidity as a result of withdrawals of customer deposits or declines in the value of our investment portfolio;
• the soundness of other financial institutions and the impacts related to or resulting from bank failures and other economic and industry volatility, including increased regulatory requirements and costs and potential impact to macroeconomic conditions;
• increased competitive pressures among financial services companies, particularly from non-traditional banking entities such as challenger banks, fintech, and mega technology companies;
• changes in consumer spending, borrowing and savings habits, resulting in reduced demand for banking products and services, particularly in the event of a recession that affects our market areas;
• our ability to comply with various governmental and regulatory requirements applicable to financial institutions, including those resulting from examinations by our primary or other regulatory authorities;
• our ability to implement, maintain, and improve an effective risk management framework, disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting;
• our ability to attract and retain executive officers and key employees;
• the costs and effects of disruptions, security breaches, or other adverse events, failures or interruptions in, or attacks on, information technology systems;
• risks related to overall economic conditions;
• any failure of key third-party vendors to perform their obligations to us;
• risks related to natural disasters, including droughts, fires, floods, earthquakes, geopolitical events, acts of war or terrorism or other hostilities, public health crises, pandemics or other catastrophic events beyond our control;
• fluctuation in our stock price and general volatility in the stock market;
• the effects of any reputational damage to the Company, including resulting from any of the foregoing; and
• other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory and technical factors affecting our operations, pricing, products and services and other risks described elsewhere in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including risks discussed under "Item 1.A. -- Risk Factors" in this Form 10-K.

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Any of the forward-looking statements that we make in this report and in other statements we make may turn out to be wrong because of inaccurate assumptions we might make, because of the factors illustrated above or because of other factors that we cannot anticipate or predict. Any forward-looking statements are based upon management’s beliefs and assumptions at the time they are made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements included or incorporated by reference in this document or to update the reasons why actual results could differ from those contained in such statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Due to these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking statements discussed in this report might not occur, and you should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements.

PART I

Item 1. Business

General

First Northwest, a Washington corporation, is a bank holding company and a financial holding company. First Northwest is engaged in banking activities through its wholly owned subsidiary, First Fed, as well as certain non-banking financial activities. Non-banking investments include several limited partnership investments. The Company's business activities are generally focused on passive investment activities and oversight of the activities of First Fed.

First Northwest is subject to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System ("Federal Reserve"). A financial holding company is a bank holding company that is permitted to engage in specified types of non-banking financial services. First Fed is examined and regulated by the Washington State Department of Financial Institutions, Division of Banks ("DFI") and by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC"). First Fed is required to have certain reserves set by the Federal Reserve and is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines ("FHLB"), which is one of the 11 regional banks in the Federal Home Loan Bank System ("FHLB System").

First Fed is a community-oriented commercial bank founded in 1923 in Port Angeles, Washington. The Bank operates in 17 locations including twelve full-service branches and five business centers, including its headquarters, located in Clallam, Jefferson, King, Kitsap, Snohomish, and Whatcom counties. We offer a wide range of products and services focused on the lending, deposit and money movement needs of the communities we serve. To diversify our portfolio and increase interest income, we increased our origination of commercial real estate, multi-family real estate, and commercial business loans. We also increased our auto and consumer loans through purchased auto loan programs and purchased manufactured homes. We continue to originate one-to-four family residential mortgage loans, primarily for sale into the secondary market to generate noninterest gain on sale and servicing fee revenue and manage interest rate risk or retain select loans in our portfolio to enhance interest income. Home equity, residential construction and commercial construction loans are also originated primarily in Western Washington. We offer traditional consumer and business deposit products, including transaction accounts, savings and money market accounts and certificates of deposit ("CDs" or "term certificates") for individuals, businesses and nonprofit organizations. Deposits are our primary source of funding for our lending and investing activities. First Fed has a limited partnership investment in the Canapi Ventures SBIC Fund II, LP. First Fed also has a limited partnership investment in the Meriwether Group Capital Hero Fund LP ("Hero Fund") which was previously held by First Northwest. The Hero Fund is a private commercial lender focused on lower-middle market businesses, primarily in the Pacific Northwest. Subsequent to year end, the Bank signed a redemption agreement which sets forth the path to unwind its investment in the Hero Fund through capital distributions beginning in April 2026.

First Northwest's limited partnership investments include Canapi Ventures Fund, LP ("Canapi Ventures"); BankTech Ventures, LP; and JAM FINTOP Frontier Fund, LP. These limited partnerships invest in fintech-related businesses with a focus on developing digital solutions applicable to the banking industry. In 2022, First Northwest acquired a 33% interest in MWG, a boutique investment bank and consulting firm focused on providing entrepreneurs with resources to help them succeed. Also in 2022, the Company acquired a 25% equity interest as a general partner in Meriwether Group Capital, LLC ("MWGC"), which provides financial advice for borrowers and capital for the Hero Fund. MWG also holds a 20% general partner interest in MWGC. MWGC holds a 0.01% general partner interest in the Hero Fund. Subsequent to year end, the Company redeemed its interest in MWGC in full at par.

The executive office of the Company is located at 105 West 8th Street, Port Angeles, Washington 98362, and its telephone number is (360) 457-0461.

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Market Area

We operate through twelve full-service branch offices and five business centers located in Washington State. We have five branches in Clallam County, one in Jefferson County, one in King County, two in Kitsap County, and three in Whatcom County. We have two business centers located in Clallam County, one in King County, one in Snohomish County, and one in Whatcom County. The branch located in King County will be closing on April 30, 2026.

Clallam County has a population of approximately 77,958 and estimated median family income of $70,370. The economic base in Clallam County is dependent on government, healthcare, education, tourism, marine services, forest products, agriculture, and technology industries. The primary employers in Clallam County include the Olympic Medical Center, Peninsula College, the Port Angeles School District, Clallam County government, Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe, Clallam Bay Corrections Center, and the Westport Shipyard. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the unemployment rate for Clallam County was 6.0% at December 31, 2025, compared to 5.9% at December 31, 2024. By comparison, the unemployment rate for the state of Washington was 4.7%, and the national average was 4.4% at December 31, 2025.

Jefferson County has a population of approximately 33,944 and estimated median family income of $74,048. The economic base in Jefferson County is dependent on government, healthcare, education, tourism, arts and culture, maritime and boat building, and small-scale manufacturing. The primary employers in Jefferson County include Port Townsend Paper, Jefferson Healthcare, Port Townsend School District, the Port Authority of Port Townsend and related marine trade, and the Jefferson County government. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the unemployment rate for Jefferson County was 6.1% at December 31, 2025, compared to 5.5% at December 31, 2024.

Kitsap County has a population of approximately 281,420 and estimated median family income of $104,158. The economic base of Kitsap County is largely supported by the United States Navy through personnel stationed at Kitsap Naval Base along with other employers supporting the military. Private industries that support the economic base are healthcare, retail and tourism. Other primary employers in Kitsap County include the Department of Defense, Amazon, Walmart, St. Michael Medical Center, Catholic Health Initiatives, and Port Madison Enterprises, which owns and operates the Clearwater Casino and Resort, gas stations and other retail operations. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the unemployment rate for Kitsap County was 5.0% at December 31, 2025, compared to 4.3% at December 31, 2024.

Whatcom County has a population of approximately 234,954 and estimated median family income of $81,784. **** The economic base of Whatcom County is largely supported by healthcare, education and crude oil refinery industries. There is some niche manufacturing and a large variety of other small businesses that create a well-rounded economy with a close proximity to the Canadian border bringing in shoppers seeking retail products and services. The primary employers in Whatcom County include PeaceHealth Medical Center, Western Washington University, Bellingham School District, Avamere Living, and BP Cherry Point Refinery. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the unemployment rate for Whatcom County was 5.2% at December 31, 2025, compared to 4.6% at December 31, 2024.

King County, which includes the City of Seattle, has a population of approximately 2.3 million and estimated median family income of $124,746. The economic base of King County is largely supported by technology, services, and manufacturing industries. The primary employers in King County include Microsoft, Amazon, Boeing, University of Washington, Starbucks, Salesforce, and the King County government. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the unemployment rate for King County was 4.9% at December 31, 2025, compared to 3.8% at December 31, 2024.

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As a part of our business plan, we intend to extend our traditional and digital operations in the Puget Sound Region. This region dominates the economy of the Pacific Northwest and is broadly defined as the area surrounding the Puget Sound that extends into the northwestern quadrant of the state of Washington. Our current market area, described previously, has a population of 3.0 million, or 37.1%, of the state's population. The population of the Puget Sound region beyond our current market area is approximately 2.4 million, or 29.3% of the state's population. The market area is a mix of urban, suburban and rural areas, with the Seattle metropolitan area representing a well-developed urban center. The region extends from Whatcom County in the north on the Canadian border to Thurston and Pierce counties to the south. Other key metropolitan areas within the Puget Sound region include Bellingham (Whatcom County), Mount Vernon (Skagit County), Everett (Snohomish County), Tacoma (Pierce County) and Olympia (Thurston County).

Key employment sectors in the Puget Sound region include aerospace, military, information technology, biotechnology, education, logistics, international trade, and tourism. The region is well known for the long-term presence of Boeing and Microsoft, two major industry leaders, and since the turn of the century, Amazon. The military presence includes a number of large installations serving the U.S. Air Force, Army and Navy. Given the employment profile and the presence of the University of Washington and other universities, the region's workforce is highly educated. Washington's geographic proximity to the Pacific Rim along with multiple deep-water ports makes it a center for international trade, which contributes significantly to the regional economy. The local ports make Washington the ninth largest exporting state in the nation. The top five trading partners with Washington include China, Canada, South Korea, Japan and Mexico. Tourism is a major industry due to the scenic beauty, temperate climate, and incredible food and culture. The maritime industry, supported by the trade and fishing industries, is also an important employment sector.

For a discussion regarding the competition in our primary market area, see "Competition."

Our Products and Services

Lending Activities

General. First Fed’s principal lending activities are concentrated in real estate secured loans with first lien one-to-four family mortgage, commercial, and multi-family loans. First Fed also makes construction and land loans (including lot loans and multi-family acquisition-renovation loans), commercial business loans, and consumer loans, consisting primarily of home-equity loans and lines of credit. The Bank also purchases automobile and manufactured home loans from known, experienced third-party originators. The Bank utilizes interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges to manage its exposure to rate fluctuations which results in a derivative basis adjustment included in net loans receivable.

Loan Portfolio Analysis

The following table represents information concerning the composition of our loan portfolio, excluding loans held for sale, by the type of loan at the dates indicated:

December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Amount Percent Amount Percent
Real estate: **** **** ****
One-to-four family $ 376,731 23.1 % $ 395,315 23.3 %
Multi-family 288,529 17.7 332,596 19.6
Commercial real estate 402,683 24.8 390,379 23.0
Construction and land 61,268 3.8 78,110 4.6
Total real estate loans 1,129,211 69.4 1,196,400 70.5
Consumer: **** **** ****
Home equity 85,088 5.2 79,054 4.7
Auto and other consumer 283,502 17.4 268,876 15.9
Total consumer loans 368,590 22.6 347,930 20.6
Commercial business loans 130,311 8.0 151,493 8.9
Total loans 1,628,112 100.0 % 1,695,823 100.0 %
Less: **** **** ****
Derivative basis adjustment (903 ) 188
Allowance for credit losses on loans 16,987 20,449
Total loans, net $ 1,612,028 $ 1,675,186

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Fixed-Rate and Adjustable-Rate Loans

The following table shows the composition of our loan portfolio, excluding loans held for sale, in dollar amounts and in percentages by fixed rates and adjustable rates at the dates indicated:

December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Amount Percent Amount Percent
Fixed-rate loans: **** **** ****
Real estate: **** **** ****
One-to-four family $ 273,349 16.8 % $ 291,237 17.2 %
Multi-family 95,610 5.9 112,711 6.6
Commercial real estate 126,541 7.8 136,183 8.0
Construction and land 5,890 0.4 7,337 0.4
Total real estate loans 501,390 30.9 547,468 32.2
Consumer: **** **** ****
Home equity 29,201 1.8 28,413 1.7
Auto and other consumer 282,677 17.3 268,358 15.8
Total consumer loans 311,878 19.1 296,771 17.5
Commercial business loans 61,934 3.8 85,852 5.1
Total fixed-rate loans 875,202 53.8 930,091 54.8
Adjustable-rate loans: **** **** ****
Real estate: **** **** ****
One-to-four family 103,382 6.3 104,078 6.1
Multi-family 192,919 11.8 219,885 13.0
Commercial real estate 276,142 17.0 254,196 15.0
Construction and land 55,378 3.4 70,773 4.2
Total real estate loans 627,821 38.5 648,932 38.3
Consumer: **** **** ****
Home equity 55,887 3.4 50,641 3.0
Auto and other consumer 825 0.1 518 —
Total consumer loans 56,712 3.5 51,159 3.0
Commercial business loans 68,377 4.2 65,641 3.9
Total adjustable-rate loans 752,910 46.2 765,732 45.2
Total loans 1,628,112 100.0 % 1,695,823 100.0 %
Less: **** **** ****
Derivative basis adjustment (903 ) 188
Allowance for credit losses on loans 16,987 20,449
Total loans, net $ 1,612,028 $ 1,675,186

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Loan Maturity

The following tables illustrate the contractual maturity of our loan portfolio at December 31, 2025. Mortgages that have adjustable or renegotiable interest rates are shown as maturing in the period during which the contract is due. These tables do not reflect the effects of unscheduled principal prepayments.

One Year or Less ^(1)^ After One Year Through Five Years After Five Years Through Fifteen Years Beyond Fifteen Years Total
(dollars in thousands) Amount Weighted Average Rate Amount Weighted Average Rate Amount Weighted Average Rate Amount Weighted Average Rate Amount Weighted Average Rate
Real estate:
One-to-four family $ 376 3.52 % $ 1,834 3.44 % $ 23,471 4.21 % $ 351,050 4.03 % $ 376,731 4.04 %
Multi-family 22,958 5.54 118,488 5.33 142,295 4.98 4,788 6.98 288,529 5.20
Commercial real estate 29,655 4.25 141,236 5.60 228,483 5.84 3,309 5.06 402,683 5.63
Construction and land 50,089 7.61 10,967 7.50 11 — 201 6.38 61,268 7.58
Consumer:
Home equity 125 8.94 2,307 6.81 29,454 5.77 53,202 7.05 85,088 6.60
Auto and other consumer 1,315 10.64 17,543 7.84 143,023 8.16 121,621 7.13 283,502 7.73
Commercial business loans 42,766 6.79 24,692 7.31 62,853 7.27 — — 130,311 7.12
Total loans receivable $ 147,284 6.39 % $ 317,067 5.81 % $ 629,590 6.23 % $ 534,171 5.00 % $ 1,628,112 5.77 %

_______________

(1) Includes demand loans, loans having no stated maturity, and overdraft loans.

(dollars in thousands) Fixed Interest Rate Floating or Variable Rate Total
Loans above maturing after one year:
Real estate:
One-to-four family $ 272,974 $ 103,381 $ 376,355
Multi-family 73,779 191,793 265,572
Commercial real estate 101,259 271,768 373,027
Construction and land 3,674 7,505 11,179
Consumer:
Home equity 29,194 55,769 84,963
Auto and other consumer 282,187 — 282,187
Commercial business loans 39,410 48,135 87,545
Total loans maturing after one year $ 802,477 $ 678,351 $ 1,480,828

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One-to-Four Family Real Estate Lending. At December 31, 2025, one-to-four family residential mortgage loans (excluding loans held for sale) totaled $376.7 million, or 23.1%, of our total loan portfolio, including $12.0 million, or 3.2%, of loans secured by properties outside the state of Washington, primarily purchased loans in the state of California. We originate both fixed and adjustable-rate residential loans, which can be sold in the secondary market or retained in our portfolio, and supplement those originations with loan purchases, from time to time, depending on our balance sheet objectives. Residential loans are underwritten to either secondary market standards for sale or to internal underwriting standards, which may not meet Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac") or Federal National Mortgage Association ("Fannie Mae") eligibility requirements.

Fixed-rate residential mortgages are offered with repayment terms between 10 and 30 years, priced from Freddie Mac posted daily pricing indications adjusted for economic and competitive considerations. Adjustable-rate residential mortgage products with similar amortization terms are also offered, with an interest rate that is typically fixed for an initial period ranging from one to seven years with annual adjustments thereafter. Future interest rate adjustments include periodic caps of no more than 2% and lifetime caps of 5% to 6% above the initial interest rate, with no borrower prepayment restrictions.

The credit risk on adjustable-rate mortgage loans could increase when interest rates rise. An increase to the borrower's loan payment may affect the borrower's ability to repay and could increase the probability of default. To mitigate this risk to both the borrower and First Fed, adjustable-rate loans contain both periodic and lifetime interest rate caps, limiting the amount of payment changes. In addition, depending on market conditions, we may underwrite the borrower at a higher interest rate and payment amount than the initial rate. At December 31, 2025, the average interest rate on our adjustable-rate mortgage loans was approximately 170 basis points under the fully indexed rate. As of December 31, 2025, we had $103.4 million, or 27.4%, of adjustable-rate residential mortgage loans in our residential loan portfolio.

The underwriting process considers a variety of factors including credit history, debt to income ratios, property type, loan-to-value ratio, and occupancy. For loans with over 80% loan-to-value ratios, we typically require private mortgage insurance, which reduces our exposure to loss in the event of a loan default. Credit risk is also mitigated by obtaining title insurance, hazard insurance, and flood insurance. Residential mortgage loans which require appraisals are appraised by independent fee-based appraisers.

In connection with rules and regulations issued by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau ("CFPB"), we are required to make a reasonable, good-faith determination before or when we consummate a mortgage loan that the borrower has a reasonable ability to repay the loan, and in some cases involving qualified mortgages, we are presumed to have complied with this requirement. We believe that mortgage loans originated by the bank meet these standards.

First Fed does not actively engage in subprime mortgage lending, either through advertising, marketing, underwriting and/or risk selection, and has no established program to originate or purchase subprime mortgage loans.

Commercial and Multi-Family Real Estate Lending. At December 31, 2025, $402.7 million, or 24.8%, and $288.5 million, or 17.7%, of our total loan portfolio was secured by commercial and multi-family real estate property, respectively. At December 31, 2025, we identified $115.1 million, or 16.7%, of our commercial and multi-family real estate portfolio as owner-occupied commercial real estate and $576.1 million, or 83.3%, is secured by income producing, or non-owner-occupied, commercial and multi-family real estate. Over 97% of our commercial real estate and multi-family loans are secured by properties located in the state of Washington.

Commercial and multi-family real estate loans are generally priced at a higher rate of interest than one-to-four family residential loans, to compensate for the greater risk associated with higher loan balances and the complexity of underwriting and monitoring these loans. Repayment on loans secured by commercial or multi-family properties is dependent on successful management by the property owner to create sufficient net operating income to meet debt service requirements. Changes in economic and real estate market conditions can affect net operating income, capitalization rates, and ultimately the valuation and marketability of the collateral. As a result, we analyze market data including vacancy rates, absorption percentages, leasing rates, and competing projects under development. Interest rate, occupancy and capitalization rate stress testing are required as part of our underwriting analysis. If the borrower is a corporation, we generally require and obtain personal guarantees from principals, which include underwriting of their personal financial statements, tax returns, cash flows and individual credit reports, to provide us with additional support and a secondary source for repayment of the debt.

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We offer both fixed- and adjustable-rate loans on commercial and multi-family real estate, which may include balloon payments. As of December 31, 2025, we had $276.1 million in adjustable-rate commercial real estate loans, or 65.1% of commercial real estate, and $192.9 million in adjustable-rate multi-family loans, or 66.1% of total multi-family. Commercial and multi-family real estate loans with adjustable rates generally adjust after an initial period of three to five years and have maturity dates of three to ten years. Amortization terms are generally limited to terms up to 25 years on commercial real estate loans and up to 30 years on multi-family loans. Adjustable-rate multi-family residential and commercial real estate loans are generally priced to market indices with appropriate margins, which may include The Wall Street Journal prime rate, the U.S. Constant Maturity Treasury Rate, Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("TSOFR"), or a similar term FHLB borrowing rate. Adjustable-rate loans could have increased credit risk when interest rates rise. An increase to the borrower's loan payment may affect the borrower's ability to repay and could increase the probability of default. To mitigate this risk to both the borrower and First Fed, adjustable-rate loans may contain both periodic and lifetime interest rate caps, limiting the amount of payment changes.

Of the adjustable-rate commercial and multi-family real estate loans, 66.01% are subject to a floor rate and the weighted average floor rate on these loans was 3.66% at December 31, 2025. Of the adjustable-rate commercial loans, 28.51% are subject to a ceiling rate and the weighted average ceiling rate on those loans was 16.42% at December 31, 2025.

The maximum loan-to-value ratio for commercial and multi-family real estate loans is typically limited to 75% of an appraiser opinion of market value. The minimum debt service coverage ratio is 1.25 for non-owner-occupied and 1.20 for owner-occupied properties. We require independent appraisals or evaluations at origination on all loans secured by commercial or multi-family real estate from our internal list of approved appraisers.

We review most commercial real estate and multi-family loan relationships annually to ensure the borrower continues to meet certain loan requirements as set forth in loan covenants, which may include an annual inspection of the property. The scope of the annual review is generally based on relationship size, with those $1.5 million or greater subject to a full credit review, which includes detailed financial and cash flow analysis, property inspection, covenant compliance and annual risk rating certification. All commercial loans risk rated special mention or worse with exposure of $100,000 or more are also subject to the full credit review. Relationships with an aggregate credit exposure below $1.5 million are monitored for payment performance, changes in guarantor credit scores, and compliance with all other terms and conditions contained in the loan documents. All individuals that guarantee $3.0 million or more in aggregate commercial debt of any type are subject to annual financial reviews. Relationships with an aggregate credit exposure below $750,000 that have been paid as agreed for at least three years are exempt from the annual requirement, so long as the Borrower remains in compliance with all other terms and conditions noted in the loan documents. While we cannot prevent loans from becoming delinquent, we believe our monitoring and formal review processes provide us with the opportunity to better identify problem loans in a timely manner and to work with the borrower prior to the loan becoming delinquent.

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The following table provides information on multi-family and commercial real estate loans by type at the dates indicated:

December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Amount Percent Amount Percent
Non-owner occupied
Multi-family $ 288,529 41.7 % $ 332,596 46.0 %
Hospitality 64,751 9.4 63,611 8.8
Retail 48,088 7.0 51,065 7.1
Office building 42,193 6.1 50,819 7.0
Health care 32,003 4.6 19,027 2.6
Mixed use 20,411 3.0 20,772 2.9
Condominium 17,495 2.5 17,725 2.5
One-to-four family 10,686 1.5 9,877 1.4
Warehouse 6,932 1.0 7,114 1.0
Vehicle dealership 974 0.1 1,004 0.1
Other non-owner occupied 44,036 6.4 33,241 4.6
Total non-owner occupied 576,098 83.3 606,851 84.0
Owner occupied
Health care 21,473 3.1 22,139 3.1
Office building 17,329 2.5 16,356 2.3
Mixed use 11,882 1.7 10,460 1.4
Retail 11,191 1.6 10,578 1.5
Vehicle dealership 9,488 1.4 10,229 1.4
One-to-four family 8,921 1.3 4,567 0.6
Warehouse 6,761 1.0 14,078 1.9
Hospitality 669 0.1 793 0.1
Condominium 374 0.1 789 0.1
Other owner-occupied 27,026 3.9 26,135 3.6
Total owner occupied 115,114 16.7 116,124 16.0
Summary by type
Multi-family 288,529 41.7 332,596 46.0
Hospitality 65,420 9.5 64,404 8.9
Office building 59,522 8.6 67,175 9.3
Retail 59,279 8.6 61,643 8.6
Health care 53,476 7.7 41,166 5.7
Mixed use 32,293 4.7 31,232 4.3
One-to-four family 19,607 2.8 14,444 2.0
Condominium 17,869 2.6 18,514 2.6
Warehouse 13,693 2.0 21,192 2.9
Vehicle dealership 10,462 1.5 11,233 1.5
Other non-owner occupied 44,036 6.4 33,241 4.6
Other owner-occupied 27,026 3.9 26,135 3.6
Total multi-family and commercial real estate $ 691,212 100.0 % $ 722,975 100.0 %

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If we foreclose on a commercial or multi-family real estate loan, the marketing and liquidation period can be a lengthy process with substantial holding costs. Vacancies, deferred maintenance, repairs and market factors can result in losses during the time it takes to prepare the property for sale. Depending on the individual circumstances, initial charge-offs and subsequent losses relating to multi-family and commercial loans can be substantial and unpredictable.

The average outstanding loan amount in our commercial real estate portfolio, including multi-family loans, was $1.6 million as of December 31, 2025. We generally target individual commercial and multi-family real estate loans between $1.0 million and $10.0 million to small and mid-size operators and investors in our market areas as well as other parts of Washington. We typically require a pre-existing relationship with the borrower in order to originate commercial and multi-family real estate loans for properties located in other states. ****

Our three largest commercial and multi-family borrowing relationships, including current loan balances and unused commitments, at December 31, 2025 consisted of a $19.8 million relationship secured by multi-family real estate in Pierce and Snohomish Counties, Washington; a $19.1 million relationship secured by multi-family real estate in Pierce County, Washington; and a $17.2 million relationship secured by construction and multi-family real estate in King County, Washington. The construction loan balances are included in Construction and Land Lending below.

Construction and Land Lending. Our construction and land loans totaled $61.3 million, or 3.8% of the total loan portfolio at December 31, 2025 and the undisbursed portion of construction loans in process totaled $49.5 million.

First Fed offers an "all-in-one" residential custom construction loan product, which upon completion of construction may be held in our loan portfolio**.** We also originate construction loans for certain commercial real estate projects. These projects include, but are not limited to, subdivisions, multi-family, retail, office, warehouse, hotel, and office buildings. We also offer commercial acquisition-renovation loans that have a small construction component combined with a traditional real estate loan. Underwriting criteria on construction loans include, but are not limited to, minimum debt service coverage requirements of 1.25x or better, loan-to-value limitations, pre-leasing requirements, construction cost over-run contingency reserves, interest and absorption period reserves, occupancy, capitalization rates and interest rate stress testing, as well as other underwriting criteria. Underwriting criteria on commercial acquisition-renovation loans during the interest-only period include, but are not limited to, loan-to-value limitations and debt service coverage requirements of 1.00x or better, based on in-place rents and payment amortization of full commitment. These loans begin amortizing once renovations have been completed.

Construction loan applications generally require architectural and working plans, a material specifications list, a detailed cost breakdown and a construction contract. Custom and speculative construction valuations assume that the project will be built in accordance with plans and specifications submitted to us at the time of the loan application. The appraiser takes into consideration the proposed design and market appeal of the improvements, based on current market conditions and demand for homes, although the improvements may not be completed for twelve months or longer, depending on the complexity of the plans and specifications and market conditions.

Construction loan advances are based on progress payments for "work in place" based on detailed line-item construction budgets. Independent construction inspectors are used to evaluate the construction draw request relative to the progress. Our construction administrators review all construction projects, inspection reports, and construction loan advance requests to ensure they are appropriate and in compliance with all loan conditions. Other risk management tools include title insurance, date down endorsements or periodic lien inspections prior to the payment of construction loan advances. In some cases, general contractors may be required to provide sub-contractor lien releases for any work performed prior to the filing of our deed of trust or prior to each construction loan advance.

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Land acquisition, development and construction loans are available to local contractors and developers for the purpose of holding and/or developing residential building sites and homes when market conditions warrant such activity. Land acquisition loans are secured by a first lien on the property and are generally limited to 65% of the acquisition price or the appraised value, whichever is less. Development land loans are generally limited to 75% of the discounted appraised value based on the projected lot sale absorption rate and associated carry and liquidation costs of the developed lots and homes. Underwriting criteria for acquisition and development loans include evidence of preliminary plat approval, and a review of compliance with state and Federal environmental protection and disclosure laws, engineering plans, detailed cost breakdowns and marketing plans. Other risk management tools include acquisition of title insurance and review of feasibility and market absorption reports. These loans have been limited to projects within the state of Washington.

At December 31, 2025, the average construction commitment was $629,000 for single-family residential construction, $4.4 million for multi-family construction and $3.0 million for commercial real estate construction. The largest construction commitments for single-family residential, multi-family and commercial real estate were $2.5 million, $7.4 million and $12.6 million, respectively, at December 31, 2025.

Substantially all of our adjustable-rate land acquisition, development and construction lending have rates of interest based on The Wall Street Journal prime rate. During the term of construction, the accumulated interest on the loan is either billed monthly, as is the case for acquisition and development loans, or added to the principal of the loan through an interest reserve. When original interest reserves set up at origination are exhausted, no additional reserves are permitted unless the loan is re-analyzed and it is determined that the additional reserves are appropriate.

The success of land acquisition, development and construction lending is dependent upon completion of the project and the sale or leasing of the property for repayment of the loan. Because of the uncertainties inherent in the estimates related to construction costs, the market value of the completed project, the demand for the property at completion, market conditions, the rates of interest paid, and other factors, actual results are difficult to predict and variations from expectations can have a significant adverse effect on a borrower's ability to repay loans and the value and marketability of the underlying collateral. In addition, because an incomplete construction project is difficult to sell in the event of default, we may be required to advance additional funds and/or contract with another builder in order to complete construction. There is a risk that we may not fully recover unpaid loan funds and associated construction and liquidation costs under these circumstances. Speculative construction loans carry additional risk associated with identifying an end-purchaser for the finished project. Our extension fee policy encourages commercial borrowers to finish projects on time, which we believe mitigates risk and enhances the return on these loans.

We also originate individual lot loans, which are secured by a first lien on the property, for borrowers who are planning to build on the lot within the next five years. Generally, these loans have a maximum loan-to-value ratio of 75% for improved lands (legal access, water and power). The interest rate on these loans is fixed with a 20-year amortization and a five-year term.

At the dates indicated, the composition of our construction and land portfolio was as follows:

(dollars in thousands) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
One-to-four family residential $ 21,954 $ 38,900
Multi-family residential 10,109 15,401
Commercial real estate 23,005 17,282
Land 6,200 6,527
Total construction and land $ 61,268 $ 78,110

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Our construction and land loans are geographically disbursed primarily throughout the state of Washington and, as a result, these loans are susceptible to risks that may be different depending on the location of the project. We manage our construction lending by utilizing a licensed third-party vendor to assist us in monitoring our higher-risk construction projects while lower-risk projects are monitored by internal staff.

The following tables show our construction commitments by type and geographic concentration at the dates indicated:

(dollars in thousands) Olympic Peninsula Puget Sound Region Other Washington California Total
December 31, 2025
Construction Commitment **** **** ****
One-to-four family residential $ 5,460 $ 40,189 $ 1,081 $ — $ 46,730
Multi-family residential 3,900 18,153 — — 22,053
Commercial real estate 480 21,855 4,214 9,706 36,255
Total commitment $ 9,840 $ 80,197 $ 5,295 $ 9,706 $ 105,038
Construction Funds Disbursed **** **** ****
One-to-four family residential $ 1,857 $ 21,045 $ 695 $ — $ 23,597
Multi-family residential 2,842 7,449 — — 10,291
Commercial real estate 56 15,418 3,177 2,975 21,626
Total disbursed for construction 4,755 43,912 3,872 2,975 55,514
Net deferred fees (costs) 20 (441 ) 2 (26 ) (445 )
Amortized cost for construction $ 4,775 $ 43,471 $ 3,874 $ 2,949 $ 55,069
Undisbursed Commitment **** **** ****
One-to-four family residential $ 3,603 $ 19,144 $ 386 $ — $ 23,133
Multi-family residential 1,058 10,704 — — 11,762
Commercial real estate 424 6,437 1,037 6,731 14,629
Total undisbursed $ 5,085 $ 36,285 $ 1,423 $ 6,731 $ 49,524
Land Funds Disbursed **** **** ****
One-to-four family residential $ 1,929 $ 1,792 $ 121 $ — $ 3,842
Commercial real estate 1,147 1,158 — — 2,305
Total disbursed for land 3,076 2,950 121 — 6,147
Net deferred fees 28 21 3 — 52
Amortized cost for land $ 3,104 $ 2,971 $ 124 $ — $ 6,199

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(dollars in thousands) Olympic Peninsula Puget Sound Region Other Washington Total
December 31, 2024
Construction Commitment **** **** ****
One-to-four family residential $ 6,897 $ 45,945 $ 1,424 $ 54,266
Multi-family residential 3,900 14,828 5,695 24,423
Commercial real estate 500 40,259 4,215 44,974
Total commitment $ 11,297 $ 101,032 $ 11,334 $ 123,663
Construction Funds Disbursed **** **** ****
One-to-four family residential $ 1,769 $ 35,711 $ 1,424 $ 38,904
Multi-family residential 709 10,245 4,582 15,536
Commercial real estate 99 16,508 900 17,507
Total disbursed for construction 2,577 62,464 6,906 71,947
Net deferred fees (costs) 2 (329 ) (37 ) (364 )
Amortized cost for construction $ 2,579 $ 62,135 $ 6,869 $ 71,583
Undisbursed Commitment **** **** ****
One-to-four family residential $ 5,128 $ 10,234 $ — $ 15,362
Multi-family residential 3,191 4,583 1,113 8,887
Commercial real estate 401 23,751 3,315 27,467
Total undisbursed $ 8,720 $ 38,568 $ 4,428 $ 51,716
Land Funds Disbursed **** **** ****
One-to-four family residential $ 2,349 $ 2,183 $ 213 $ 4,745
Commercial real estate 900 845 — 1,745
Total disbursed for land 3,249 3,028 213 6,490
Net deferred fees 18 14 5 37
Amortized cost for land $ 3,267 $ 3,042 $ 218 $ 6,527

Consumer Lending. We offer consumer loans, including home equity loans, home equity lines of credit and personal lines of credit. At December 31, 2025, home equity loans and lines of credit totaled $85.1 million, or 5.2%, of the loan portfolio. Our interest rates on home equity loans are priced based on risks including credit score, loan-to-value and overall payment capacity of the applicant. Home equity loans are made for the improvement of residential properties and other purposes. Some of these loans are secured by first liens; however, the majority of these loans are secured by a second deed of trust on the residential property. Fixed rate, fully amortizing home equity loans in first lien position are available with repayment periods ranging from 5 to 20 years. We also offer a ten-year home equity line of credit to qualifying borrowers, which includes an option for a discounted initial fixed interest rate for the first year with the interest rate adjusting monthly thereafter based on a margin over the prime rate; payments are interest-only during the ten-year draw period. The balance and rate are fixed after that period and the principal amortized over the remaining fifteen-year period of the loan. Options for equity loans on non-owner occupied properties are offered under more conservative requirements. Additionally, terms are available under a bridge loan product consisting of a short-term equity loan used to facilitate the acquisition of a separate residential property. Home equity fixed and line of credit products in second lien positions behind a non-First Fed mortgage have a maximum loan amount of $250,000. Home equity loans and lines of credit have greater risk than one-to-four family residential mortgage loans because they are secured by mortgages subordinated to the existing first mortgage on the property. We may or may not have private mortgage insurance coverage.

At December 31, 2025, auto loans totaled $146.7 million, of which $146.2 million were purchased. The remaining $545,000 were originated through our First Fed branches. Auto loans have a maximum term of up to 180 months for purchased classic or collector vehicles and up to 84 months for all other auto loans, depending on the age and condition of the vehicle and strength of the borrower. Loan rates for auto lending, as well as all other consumer loans, are priced based on the specific loan type and the risks involved. First Fed utilizes indirect lending sources to purchase auto loans. In-house and direct lending sources have been used to originate auto loans in prior years.

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We purchase auto loans through a relationship with Woodside Credit, LLC, a loan originator that operates in all 50 states, underwriting and funding loans for classic (25 years or older) and collector (premium price with limited production) vehicles. At December 31, 2025, $137.7 million of Woodside auto loans was included in consumer loans. These loans typically range from $10,000 to over $600,000 with terms that range from 84 to 180 months and generally require down payments of 10% to 20% of the cost of the vehicle. We receive loan pools each week with complete packages that we underwrite to determine whether to purchase or pass on the loans submitted. The average loan balance was $101,000 at December 31, 2025. These loans present unique risks with the collateral being located across the country; however, our loan originator mitigates risk of loss by providing an option to facilitate the collection efforts should repossession become necessary, for which we would incur a cost if we did it ourselves. Historically, losses on these types of loans have been less than 2% and First Fed experienced a loss rate of 1.18% and 0.36%, respectively, for each of the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.

We have also purchased auto loans through a partnership with First Help Financial, a loan originator that operates in selected states, underwriting and funding loans to "superior subprime" customers who have a demonstrated capacity to pay and have limited or no blemishes on their credit report, but have limited credit experience. At December 31, 2025, $8.5 million of First Help auto loans was included in consumer loans. Loans in the First Help Auto Loan Purchase Program typically range from $10,000 to $75,000 with terms that range from 72 to 84 months. We received loan pools with complete packages that we underwrote to determine whether to purchase or pass on the loans submitted. The seller retains the servicing on these loans, including collection activities as well as the rehab and marketing related to the sale of any collateral that was repossessed or foreclosed upon.

We purchase manufactured home loans through a partnership with Triad Financial Services, a loan originator that underwrites and funds these loans. At December 31, 2025, $132.3 million of manufactured home loans was included in consumer loans. These loans range from $18,000 to $425,000 with terms that range from 84 to 360 months. Loans are submitted on a weekly flow basis or as one-off pools. All loans are considered "full document" and complete packages are reviewed to determine if the loan will be purchased or not. The seller retains the servicing on these loans which includes the collection activities as well as the rehab and marketing related to the sale of any collateral that was repossessed or foreclosed upon. The collateral for these loans is generally personal property; however, loans where the title to the manufactured home has been permanently attached to a land parcel also include real estate collateral. The program has a credit enhancement in the form of a reserve account that can be used to protect the bank from charge offs and prepayments. The reserve account, which is held in a limited-access controlled deposit account at First Fed, represented 5.4% of related loan balances at year end. The funding of the reserve account will vary depending on the pricing options selected during the acquisition of the loans. First Fed had five loans placed into repossession inventory in 2025 and three in 2024 for a variety of reasons. The Bank was made whole through the credit enhancement reserve for all loans placed into repossession inventory.

Prior to September 2023, we purchased unsecured consumer loans through a partnership with Splash Financial who underwrote and funded these loans. We received individual loan packages that we underwrote to determine whether to purchase or pass on. The seller retained the servicing on these loans. At December 31, 2025, $1.2 million of purchased unsecured loans was included in consumer loans. Loans purchased between June 2022 and March 2023 ranged from $1,000 to $35,000 with terms that ranged from 36 to 60 months. Of the $11.1 million in loans purchased under the original program participation criteria, First Fed has experienced losses totaling $5.0 million. The originator paid First Fed $950,000 as a partial reimbursement of program losses incurred during 2023. Changes were made to the program participation criteria in April 2023 to reduce future losses, including a decrease in the maximum loan amount from $35,000 to $20,000 and an increase to the minimum FICO score. Splash also agreed to cover first payment defaults over 1.75% and the servicing fee charged to the Bank on new loans was reduced. The Bank purchased $3.7 million of loans after the change in criteria was made and has experienced losses totaling $778,000 related to this group of loans. Purchases of Splash loans were suspended in August 2023.

Consumer loans represent additional risks because of the mobility and rapidly depreciating nature of consumer assets in contrast to real estate-based collateral. If a borrower defaults, repossession and liquidation of the collateral may not provide sufficient proceeds to satisfy the outstanding loan balance. Other factors that may account for potential loan losses on consumer loans include deferred maintenance and damages. While subsequent legal actions and judgments against borrowers in default may be appropriate, such collection efforts and costs may not always be warranted and are evaluated on a case-by-case basis. Consumer loan collections are dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability and federal and state laws, including federal and state bankruptcy and insolvency laws, which may limit the amount that can be recovered on these loans.

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Commercial Business Lending. As of December 31, 2025, commercial business loans totaled $130.3 million, or 8.0% of our loan portfolio.

Commercial business loans include lines of credit, term loans, and letters of credit used for general business purposes, including seasonal and permanent working capital, equipment financing, and general investments. These loans are typically secured by business assets, and loan terms vary from one to seven years with either adjusting or floating rates indexed to similar FHLB advance rates, The Wall Street Journal prime rate, TSOFR or other indices. These loans typically have shorter maturity terms and higher interest spreads than real estate loans but generally involve more credit risk because of the type and nature of the collateral. Our commercial business lending underwriting includes an analysis of the borrower’s financial condition, past, present and future cash flows, and the collateral pledged as security. We generally obtain personal guarantees on our commercial business loans. We focus our commercial lending activities on small-to-medium sized, privately held companies with local or regional businesses that operate in our market area.

Commercial business loans are originated based on the cash flow of the borrowing entity, which may be unpredictable due to normal business cycles, industry changes, and economic and political conditions. Secondary and tertiary sources of repayment are guarantor cash flows and collateral liquidation. Collateral for commercial business loans most often consists of real estate, accounts receivable, inventory, or equipment. Collateral may fluctuate in value, which can reduce liquidation proceeds, and our ability to collect on accounts receivable or other third-party payments can affect the amount of losses we incur in the event of default. All borrowers with aggregate exposure of $750,000 or greater are subject to annual financial reviews and risk rating certification. All commercial loans risk rated special mention or worse with exposure of $100,000 or more are also subject to the full credit review. Relationships with an aggregate credit exposure below $750,000 are monitored for payment performance, changes in guarantor credit scores, and compliance with all other terms and conditions contained in the loan documents. All individuals that guarantee $3.0 million or more in aggregate commercial debt of any type are subject to annual financial reviews.

We purchase unsecured commercial loans to small businesses and professionals through a partnership with Bankers Healthcare Group, who underwrites and funds these loans. At December 31, 2025, $21.6 million of purchased loans were included in commercial business loans. These loans range from $24,000 to $530,000 with terms ranging from 60 to 144 months. We purchase individual loans on a flow basis that we underwrite to determine whether they fit our credit criteria. The seller retains the servicing on these loans. A reserve account, which is held in a limited-access controlled deposit account at First Fed, equal to approximately 3% of the unpaid balance serves as a credit enhancement to help protect against charge offs and prepaid loans. The loan originator has experienced a loss rate of 2.9% on the total portfolio of loans in this program. First Fed has not experienced any losses on these loans to-date.

First Fed periodically provides funding to Northpointe Bank through participation in their Northpointe Bank Mortgage Purchase Program ("Northpointe MPP"). At December 31, 2025, a participation balance of $18.9 million was included in commercial business loans. The Northpointe MPP provides short-term advances to well-qualified mortgage companies throughout the U.S. These advances provide gap financing for the period between when a loan funds and when it is purchased by the end investor. This typically ranges from 15 to 25 days. Under the Northpointe MPP, each advance is secured by individual mortgages funded by participating community bank partners, including First Fed. Once the loan is purchased by the end investor, funds are sent directly to Northpointe Bank who, in turn, disburses it out to the partner banks on a pro rata basis. Only prime, first lien residential mortgage products which are agency eligible (such as Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, or the Department of Veterans Affairs) are included in the program. Northpointe Bank underwrites all the loans entering into the program to ensure conformity with program and investor requirements. The Bank's participation level in this program fluctuates, with a maximum daily limit of $20.0 million at December 31, 2025. The daily limit is periodically evaluated and adjusted to align with strategic goals.

Loan Origination and Underwriting. Our loans are obtained from a variety of sources, including existing or walk-in customers, business development, referrals, and advertising, among others. All our consumer loan products, including residential mortgage loans and secured and unsecured consumer loans, are processed through our centralized processing and underwriting center. Commercial business loans, including commercial and multi-family real estate loans, are originated by our relationship managers ("RMs") and underwritten centrally with credit presentations submitted for approval to the appropriate individuals and committee(s) with lending authority designated by the Board of Directors (the "Board").

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Lending Authority. Through its current policy, the Board delegates lending authority to the Bank’s management and staff and to the Senior Loan Committee ("SLC"). Overdrafts require one signature. The Chief Banking Officer ("CBO") and the Chief Operating Officer ("COO") have the authority to approve overdrafts up to $100,000; the Chief Credit Officer ("CCO"), Chief Financial Officer ("CFO"), and Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") have the authority to approve overdrafts up to $250,000; and certain other staff and management have authority to approve overdrafts ranging from $5,000 to $50,000.

Mortgage loan underwriters have approval authority ranging from $250,000 for Junior Underwriters up to $850,000 for Senior Underwriters. The Director of Mortgage and Consumer Credit has approval authority of $2.0 million, and the CCO has approval authority of $3.0 million. Mortgage loans over $3.0 million are approved by the SLC.

For commercial loans, the CCO has approval authority of $10.0 million based on aggregate credit exposure, and other personnel have approval authority ranging from $500,000 to $4.0 million. Commercial loan relationships over $10.0 million are approved by the SLC.

The Director of Mortgage and Consumer Credit has approval authority for consumer loans up to $1.0 million and certain roles have authority ranging from $150,000 to $500,000. Additionally, we have assigned authority to approve indirect auto loans and wholesale partnerships meeting our underwriting and pricing criteria to our third-party service providers.

The SLC (on a monthly basis) and the Board Loan Committee ("BLC") (on a quarterly basis) review loan portfolio quality, credit concentrations, production, and industry trends and provide directional oversight over our lending policies. The BLC also reviews policy exceptions and related risk concerns on a quarterly basis. Additionally, all loan approval policies are reviewed no less than annually.

Washington law imposes loans to one borrower restrictions limiting total loans and extensions of credit by a bank to 20% of its unimpaired capital and surplus, resulting in a legal limit of $43.2 million at December 31, 2025. First Fed, however, restricts its loans to one borrower to no more than 75% of the Bank's lending limit, unless specifically approved by the SLC as an exception to policy. The Bank's lending limit is adjusted quarterly and was $40.5 million at December 31, 2025. The following table provides a summary of our five largest relationships at December 31, 2025.

Total Commitment Number of Loans in Relationship Primary Collateral Type
(dollars in thousands)
$19,846 10 Multi-family Real Estate
19,063 2 Multi-family Real Estate
17,210 3 Commercial Construction
16,340 2 Multi-family Real Estate
16,308 3 Multi-family Real Estate

Loan Originations, Servicing, Purchases and Sales. We originate mortgage, consumer, multi-family and commercial real estate, and commercial business loans for our portfolio utilizing fixed- and adjustable-rate loan terms. During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, our total loan originations were $213.1 million and $232.4 million, respectively.

We purchase whole and participation loans on a servicing retained or released basis. During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, we purchased $77.9 million and $88.9 million of loans, respectively. During the last year, the majority of purchases consisted of auto loans purchased through our partnership with an originator specializing in classic and collector vehicles, manufactured home loans purchased through our partnership with an originator specializing in that type of lending, and unsecured commercial business loans to borrowers primarily in the healthcare industry. A secondary source of purchased loans has been commercial real estate loans and participations, whereby we receive a portion of a loan originated by another lender who retains the servicing and customer relationship and may, depending on the terms of the agreement, retain a portion of the interest as a servicing fee. Purchased loans, loan pools, and participations are underwritten by our credit administration department and approved by the appropriate loan committee(s) prior to purchase, according to our lending authority guidelines. We may pay a purchase premium or receive a purchase discount on fully originated loans that we purchase. Premiums and discounts are capitalized at the time of purchase and amortized over the remaining contractual life of the loan. We had $22.1 million and $20.4 million of net premiums paid on purchased loans at December 31, 2025 and 2024.

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The Olympic Peninsula region, which includes a substantial concentration of our depositors, has experienced limited population growth, and the region's unemployment rate is higher than both the state and national unemployment rates. As a result, it has been part of our strategy to originate and purchase loans outside of these areas in the counties surrounding the Puget Sound and elsewhere. As part of that strategy, we may purchase loans with different credit and underwriting criteria than those we originate directly.

We also sell residential first mortgage loans in the secondary market. The Bank has historically focused on originating fixed-rate residential mortgages, which we may sell to the secondary market to manage our interest rate risk and improve noninterest income. During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, we sold $24.6 million and $22.5 million of residential mortgage loans, respectively. Our secondary market relationship for residential loans is with Freddie Mac and other select third-party investors, which provides us with greater flexibility in choosing the best pricing, whether we are selling on a servicing retained or released basis.

At December 31, 2025, we were servicing $301.6 million of loans which we originated and subsequently sold the principal to others. We earned servicing income on these loans of $705,000, and $736,000 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Servicing rights for these loans had a fair value of $3.0 million at December 31, 2025. See Note 7 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of this Form 10-K.

In general, loans are sold on a non-recourse basis to third-party purchasers, subject to a provision for repurchase in the event of a breach of representation, warranty or covenant made at the time of sale. During fiscal 2008, we sold loans with "life of the loan" recourse provisions to Freddie Mac, and beginning in May 2013, Freddie Mac has required loans guaranteed by the United States Department of Agriculture to be sold with "life of the loan" recourse provisions as well. These recourse provisions require us to repurchase the loan upon default. The balance of loans serviced for others with life of the loan recourse provisions was $1.2 million at December 31, 2025. There were no loans repurchased during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.

We may solicit one or more financial institutions to take a portion of a commercial real estate loan to manage risk, concentrations, or to generate income through gain on sale or servicing fees. In that case, a participation agreement outlines the indirect relationship between the Bank and the participant regarding borrower access, loan servicing, loan documentation, and other matters. The participant's involvement is typically limited, and the participation interest is generally sold without recourse. We typically retain an ownership interest in the loan as well as the loan servicing rights to maintain our direct relationship with the borrower and better manage our credit risk. During the year ended December 31, 2025, we sold one commercial business loan and one commercial construction loan. We also participated out 58% of another construction loan, retaining the servicing. No commercial real estate loans were sold or participated during the year ended December 31, 2024.

We partner with the Small Business Administration ("SBA") to originate loans through their 7(a) and 504 programs. SBA 7(a) loans generally carry a government guarantee ranging from 75%-90% of the loan balance. The Bank's intent is to sell the guaranteed portion and hold the remaining unguaranteed portion of the note. The Bank retains the servicing on these loans. We originated SBA loans totaling $349,000 but did not participate out any of the balances during the year ended December 31, 2025. We originated SBA loans totaling $4.8 million and sold $3.0 million of SBA participations during the year ended December 31, 2024.

Gains, losses and transfer fees on sales of one-to-four family and commercial real estate loans are recognized at the time of the sale. Our net gain on sale of residential real estate, commercial real estate, and SBA loans was $112,000 and $312,000 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

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The following table shows total loans originated, purchased, sold, repaid and other changes for the periods indicated:

Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Originations by type: ****
Fixed-rate: ****
One-to-four family $ 25,950 $ 21,873
Commercial real estate 2,054 3,257
Construction and land 829 657
Home equity 6,690 6,670
Auto and other consumer 367 491
Commercial business 5,978 8,275
Total fixed-rate 41,868 41,223
Adjustable-rate: ****
One-to-four family 6,407 2,097
Multi-family 2,638 13,598
Commercial real estate 51,253 31,386
Construction and land 56,721 64,253
Home equity 34,641 30,964
Auto and other consumer 813 567
Commercial business 18,722 48,258
Total adjustable-rate 171,195 191,123
Total loans originated 213,063 232,346
Purchases by type: ****
One-to-four family 550 —
Multi-family 46 107
Commercial real estate 53 —
Commercial business 2,327 9,623
Auto 62,442 49,826
Manufactured homes 12,440 29,294
Total loans purchased 77,858 88,850
Sales and Repayments: ****
One-to-four family sold 24,575 22,478
Multi-family sold — —
Commercial business sold 6,480 —
Total loans sold 31,055 22,478
Total principal repayments, charge-offs and transfers to real estate owned and repossessed assets 329,939 267,290
Total reductions 360,994 289,768
Net loan activity $ (70,073 ) $ 31,428

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Loan Origination and Other Fees. Loan origination fees paid by borrowers generally are based on a percentage of the principal amount of the loan. Accounting standards require that certain fees received, net of certain origination costs, be deferred and amortized over the contractual life of the loan. Net deferred fees or costs associated with loans that are prepaid or sold are recognized as income or expense at the time of prepayment or sale. Net deferred loan fees included in net loans receivable on the balance sheet totaled $551,000 and $1.3 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. In addition to deferred loan fees, we receive other fee income on loan commitments, late payments and miscellaneous services.

Asset Quality

Management of asset quality includes loan performance monitoring and reporting as well as utilization of both internal and independent third-party loan reviews. The primary objective of our loan review process is to measure borrower performance and assess risk for the purpose of identifying loan weakness to minimize loan loss exposure. From the time of origination through final repayment, all loans are assigned a risk rating based on pre-determined criteria. The risk rating is monitored annually for most loans and may change during the life of the loan as appropriate.

Loan reviews vary by loan type and complexity. Some loans may warrant detailed individual review, while other loans may have less risk based upon size, or be of a homogeneous nature, such as consumer loans and loans secured by residential real estate. Homogeneous loans may be reviewed based on indicators such as delinquency or credit rating. In cases of significant concern, re-evaluation of the loan and associated risks are documented by completing a loan risk assessment and action plan.

The following table shows our delinquent loans by type of loan and number of days delinquent as of December 31, 2025.

Loans Delinquent For:
60-89 Days 90 Days and Over Total Loans Delinquent 60 Days or More
(dollars in thousands) Number Amount Percent of Loan Category Number Amount Percent of Loan Category Number Amount Percent of Loan Category
Real estate loans:
One-to-four family 3 $ 1,288 0.3 % 2 $ 523 0.1 % 5 $ 1,811 0.5 %
Construction and land — — — 3 5,146 8.4 3 5,146 8.4
Total real estate loans 3 1,288 0.1 5 5,669 0.5 8 6,957 0.6
Consumer loans: **** **** ****
Home equity — — — 1 53 0.1 1 53 0.1
Auto and other consumer 18 528 0.2 11 1,062 0.4 29 1,590 0.6
Total consumer loans 18 528 0.1 12 1,115 0.3 30 1,643 0.4
Commercial business loans 1 2,686 2.1 9 270 0.2 10 2,956 2.3
Total delinquent loans 22 $ 4,502 0.3 % 26 $ 7,054 0.4 % 48 $ 11,556 0.7 %

Nonperforming Assets. Nonperforming assets include nonperforming loans, real estate owned, and other repossessed assets. Also presented below are totals, regardless of accrual status, for modified loans to troubled borrowers ("MLTB"). Nonperforming assets as a percentage of total assets were 1.1% and 1.4% at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. At each of the dates indicated in the following table, there were no loans delinquent more than 90 days that were accruing interest.

The decrease in nonperforming loans during 2025 was primarily due to payments received followed by the sale of the $8.1 million commercial construction project placed on nonaccrual status in 2024. Other decreases from payment and charge-off activity were offset by loans that transitioned into nonaccrual status during 2025. The increase in nonperforming loans during 2024 primarily resulted from an $8.1 million commercial construction project which the Bank believes does not represent significant exposure to loss based on a recent third-party appraisal. The loan was placed on nonaccrual status and downgraded to a classified loan status, in line with applicable Bank policy.

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The following table summarizes our nonperforming assets at the dates indicated:

(dollars in thousands) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Nonaccrual loans: **** ****
One-to-four family $ 2,272 $ 1,477
Commercial real estate 9,745 5,598
Construction and land 5,146 19,544
Total real estate loans 17,163 26,619
Home equity 53 55
Auto and other consumer 1,086 700
Total consumer loans 1,139 755
Commercial business loans 4,293 3,141
Total nonaccrual loans 22,595 30,515
Real estate owned: **** ****
Construction and land 1,380 —
Total nonperforming assets $ 23,975 $ 30,515
MLTB loans: **** ****
Multi-family $ 4,531 $ —
Commercial real estate 9,741 6,402
Commercial business 7 111
Total restructured loans $ 14,279 $ 6,513
Nonaccrual loans as a percentage of total loans 1.4 % 1.8 %
Nonperforming MLTB loans included in total nonaccrual loans and total restructured loans above $ 9,748 $ 111

For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, gross interest income which would have been recorded had the nonaccrual loans been current in accordance with their original terms amounted to $4.3 million and $2 million, respectively. The amount that was included in interest income on a cash basis on nonaccrual loans was $132,000 and $201,000 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Other Loans of Concern. In addition to nonperforming assets set forth in the table above, as of December 31, 2025, there were 45 loans totaling $29.9 million that continue to accrue interest but for which management has concerns about the ability of these borrowers to comply with loan repayment terms. These loans are classified as special mention or substandard.

Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Property. Real property we acquire through collection and foreclosure efforts is classified as real estate owned. These properties are recorded at the lower of cost, which is the unpaid principal balance of the related loan, or the fair market value of the property less selling costs. Real estate owned properties are generally listed with a real estate broker, included in the multiple listing service, and actively marketed. Other repossessed property, including automobiles, is also recorded at the lower of cost or fair market value less selling costs. As of December 31, 2025, we had $1.4 million of repossessed real property owned and no personal property.

Restructured Loans. According to U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP"), we are required to account for certain loan modifications or restructurings as a MLTB. In general, the modification or restructuring of a debt is considered a MLTB if we, for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, grant a concession to the borrower under more favorable terms and conditions than we would grant to an ordinary bank customer under the normal course of business.

We engage in other general loan restructures and modifications not considered as MLTB loans, which may include lowering interest rates, extending the maturity date, deferring or re-amortizing monthly payments or other concessions, provided that such concessions are not below market rates or considered material and outside of the terms and conditions granted to other borrowers in the ordinary course of business. These general loan restructures and modifications are made on a case-by-case basis.

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Adversely classified loans that are subsequently modified and placed in nonaccrual status are generally not returned to accrual status until a period of at least six months with consecutive satisfactory payment performance has occurred, and a return to accrual status is further supported by current financial information and analysis which demonstrates a particular borrower has the financial capacity to meet future debt service requirements.

At December 31, 2025, we had three loans with an aggregate amortized cost of $8.0 million that were identified as MLTB loans restructured during the year ended December 31, 2025**.** Only one of the three modified loans was performing in accordance with its revised terms and was accruing interest at year end. No reserve was included in the allowance for credit losses on loans at December 31, 2025, for the two nonperforming, individually evaluated MLTB loans as the estimated value of the collateral fully covered the recorded loan balances. Nonaccrual MLTB loans are classified as substandard while accruing MLTB loans may be classified at any level in our loan grading system depending upon verified repayment sources, collateral values and repayment history.

Classified Assets. Federal regulations provide for the classification of lower quality loans and other assets as substandard, doubtful or loss. An asset is considered substandard when material conditions are identified which raise issues about the financial capacity, collateral or other conditions which may compromise the borrower’s ability to satisfactorily perform under the terms of the loan. Substandard assets include those characterized by the distinct possibility that we will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Assets classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make near term collection or liquidation highly questionable and improbable. Assets classified as loss are those considered uncollectible or of no material value. Assets that do not currently expose us to sufficient risk to warrant classification as substandard or doubtful but possess identified weaknesses are classified by us as either watch or special mention assets. Our credit administration department, management, and the Board review the analysis and approve the specific loan loss allowance for these loans.

The allowance for credit losses on loans represents an estimate which has been established to recognize the inherent risk associated with lending activities. When an institution identifies a problem asset as an unavoidable and imminent loss, it is required to partially or fully charge-off such assets in the period in which they are deemed uncollectible. Our determination as to the classification of our assets and the amount of our valuation allowances is subject to review by the DFI and the FDIC, who can order specific charge-offs or the establishment of additional loan loss allowances.

We review, at least quarterly, the problem assets in our portfolio to determine whether any assets require reclassification. Based on our review, as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, we had classified loans of $35.3 million and $42.5 million, respectively. We had no other classified assets at these dates. Over 77% of the classified loan balance at December 31, 2025, was comprised of the following relationships: a $12.5 million commercial real estate loan relationship, which became classified in the fourth quarter of 2025; a $6.3 million commercial real estate loan relationship, which became classified in the third quarter of 2024; a $5.1 million construction loan relationship, which became a classified loan in the fourth quarter of 2022; and a $3.4 million commercial real estate loan relationship, which became classified in the second quarter of 2025. The Bank has exercised legal remedies, including the appointment of a third-party receiver and foreclosure actions, to liquidate the underlying collateral to satisfy the real estate loans in the third largest of these four collateral-dependent relationships. In addition to the classified loans, we had $21.6 million and $11.1 million of special mention loans at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Classified loans, consisting solely of substandard loans, were as follows at the dates indicated:

(dollars in thousands) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Real estate loans:
One-to-four family $ 2,306 $ 1,515
Commercial real estate 22,275 11,999
Construction and land 5,146 19,544
Total real estate loans 29,727 33,058
Consumer loans:
Home equity 103 99
Auto and other consumer 1,086 700
Total consumer loans 1,189 799
Commercial business loans 4,389 8,686
Total classified loans $ 35,305 $ 42,543

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The following table shows at December 31, 2025, the geographic distribution of our classified loans **** in dollar amounts and percentages.

North Olympic Peninsula ^(1)^ Puget Sound Region ^(2)^ Other Washington Total in Washington State All Other States Total
(dollars in thousands) Amount % of Total in Category Amount % of Total in Category Amount % of Total in Category Amount % of Total in Category Amount % of Total in Category Amount % of Total in Category
Real estate loans: **** **** **** **** **** ****
One-to-four family $ 649 0.5 % $ 287 0.1 % $ — — % $ 936 0.3 % $ 1,370 11.4 % $ 2,306 0.6 %
Commercial real estate 5 — 22,270 7.8 — — 22,275 5.6 — — 22,275 5.5
Construction and land 7 0.1 5,139 11.1 — — 5,146 8.8 — — 5,146 8.4
Total real estate loans 661 0.3 27,696 3.4 — — 28,357 2.6 1,370 6.2 29,727 2.6
Consumer loans: **** **** **** **** **** ****
Home equity 103 0.2 — — — — 103 0.1 — — 103 0.1
Auto and other consumer 25 0.8 — — — — 25 0.2 1,061 0.4 1,086 0.4
Total consumer loans 128 0.3 — — — — 128 0.1 1,061 0.4 1,189 0.3
Commercial business loans 250 1.0 943 2.2 2,686 44.7 3,879 5.4 510 0.9 4,389 3.4
Total classified loans $ 1,039 0.4 % $ 28,639 3.2 % $ 2,686 2.7 % $ 32,364 2.5 % $ 2,941 0.8 % $ 35,305 2.2 %

(1) Includes Clallam and Jefferson counties.

(2) Includes Kitsap, Mason, Thurston, Pierce, King, Snohomish, Skagit, Whatcom, and Island counties.

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Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans. The allowance for credit losses on loans was $17.0 million, or 1.04% of total loans, at December 31, 2025, compared to $20.5 million, or 1.21%, at December 31, 2024. On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13 and recorded an increase to the allowance for credit losses on loans ("ACLL") of $2.2 million, an increase to the allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments ("ACLUC") of $1.5 million, and a $3.0 million after-tax decrease to beginning retained earnings. The ACLL is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost of loans receivable to present the net amount expected to be collected. Loans are charged against the allowance when management believes the collectability of a loan balance is unlikely. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. The Bank records the changes in the ACLL through earnings, as a provision for credit losses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Accrued interest receivable on loans receivable is excluded from the estimate of credit losses. Instead, interest accrued, but not received, is reversed timely in accordance with our loan policy. Our accounting policies are discussed in detail in Notes 1 and 4 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" of this Form 10-K.

The following table summarizes the distribution of our allowance for credit losses on loans at the dates indicated.

December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Amount Percent of loans in each category to total loans Amount Percent of loans in each category to total loans
Balance at End of Period Applicable to: **** ****
One-to-four family $ 3,789 23.1 % $ 4,757 23.3 %
Multi-family 2,458 17.7 2,493 19.6
Commercial real estate 3,405 24.8 2,410 23.0
Construction and land 661 3.8 576 4.6
Home equity 1,329 5.2 1,322 4.7
Auto and other consumer 1,956 17.4 2,687 15.9
Commercial business 3,389 8.0 6,204 8.9
Total allowance $ 16,987 100.0 % $ 20,449 100.0 %

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The following table sets forth an analysis of our allowance for credit losses on loans:

Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Allowance at beginning of period $ 20,449 $ 17,510
Charge-offs: **** ****
Commercial real estate (6,571 ) —
Construction and land (1,884 ) (4,389 )
Auto and other consumer (745 ) (2,494 )
Commercial business (6,305 ) (7,296 )
Total charge-offs (15,505 ) (14,179 )
Recoveries: **** ****
One-to-four family — 44
Commercial real estate 32 2
Construction and land 5 —
Auto and other consumer 198 320
Commercial business 4,488 36
Total recoveries 4,723 402
Net (charge-offs) recoveries (10,782 ) (13,777 )
Provision for credit losses on loans 7,320 16,716
Balance at end of period $ 16,987 $ 20,449
Summary of key ratios regarding allowance activity and coverage **** ****
Net (charge-offs) recoveries as a percentage of average loans:
Total loans (0.7 )% (0.8 )%
One-to-four family — —
Commercial real estate (1.7 ) —
Construction and land (2.8 ) (4.1 )
Auto and other consumer (0.2 ) (1.6 )
Commercial business (1.5 ) (2.6 )
Net (charge-offs) recoveries as a percentage of average nonperforming assets (39.6 ) (56.1 )
Allowance as a percentage of nonperforming loans 75.2 67.0
Allowance as a percentage of total loans 1.04 1.21
Average loans receivable, net of ACLL $ 1,629,888 $ 1,686,972
Average total loans receivable $ 1,648,305 $ 1,705,878

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Investment Activities

General. Under Washington law, commercial banks are permitted, subject to certain limitations, to invest in various types of liquid assets, including U.S. Treasury obligations, securities of various federal agencies, certain certificates of deposit of insured banks and savings institutions, banker’s acceptances, repurchase agreements, federal funds, commercial paper, investment grade corporate debt, investment grade commercial and residential mortgage-related securities, and obligations of states and their political subdivisions.

Our Chief Financial Officer has the responsibility for the management of our investment portfolio. Various factors are considered when making investment decisions, including the marketability, maturity, duration, and tax consequences of the proposed investment. The maturity structure of investments will be affected by various market conditions, including the current and anticipated slope of the yield curve, the level of interest rates, the trend of deposit inflows, and the anticipated demand for funds from deposit withdrawals and loan originations and purchases.

The general objective of our investment portfolio is to provide liquidity, generate earnings, and manage risk. These risks include credit, reinvestment, liquidity and interest rate risks.

Securities. Total investment securities decreased $70.0 million, or 20.6%, to $270.3 million at December 31, 2025, from $340.3 million at December 31, 2024, as a result of maturities and early redemptions totaling $65.8 million and $20.1 million of principal payments received. These reductions were partially offset by an increase in the portfolio market value of $10.4 million, which was mainly driven by changes in long-term interest rates.

The issuers of mortgage-backed agency securities ("MBS") held in our portfolio, which include Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and Government National Mortgage Association ("Ginnie Mae"), and certain issuers of agency bonds held in our portfolio, which include FHLB and Fannie Mae, guarantee the timely principal and interest payments in the event of default. Municipal bonds consist of a mix of taxable and non-taxable revenue and general obligation bonds issued by various local and state government entities that use their revenue-generating and taxing authority as a source of repayment of their debt. Our municipal bonds are considered investment grade, and we monitor their credit quality on an ongoing basis.

Non-agency MBS securities have no guarantees in the event of default and therefore warrant continued monitoring for credit quality. Our non-agency MBS securities consist of fixed and variable rate mortgages issued by various corporations, which we believe have sufficient credit enhancements to mitigate the risk of loss on these investments, and certain corporate debt securities. Monitoring of these securities may include, but is not limited to, reviewing credit quality standards such as delinquency, subordination, and credit ratings. Our rated non-agency and corporate debt securities are considered investment grade and non-rated securities are subject to regular internal review to ensure they meet the Company's investment criteria.

As a member of the FHLB, we had an average balance of $12.7 million in stock of the FHLB for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025. We received $1.2 million and $1.2 million in dividends from the FHLB during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

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The table below sets forth information regarding the composition of our securities portfolio and other investments at the dates indicated. At December 31, 2025, our securities portfolio contained securities issued by the United States Government and its agencies which had an aggregate book value in excess of 10% of our equity capital.

December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value
Securities available for sale:
Municipal bonds $ 92,148 $ 80,252 $ 93,212 $ 77,876
U.S. government agency issued asset-backed securities (ABS agency) 11,927 11,943 12,944 12,876
Corporate issued asset-backed securities (ABS corporate) 7,963 7,961 16,065 16,122
Corporate issued debt securities (Corporate debt) 39,772 38,801 58,106 54,491
U.S. Small Business Administration securities (SBA) 6,293 6,293 8,664 8,666
Mortgage-backed:
U.S. government agency issued mortgage-backed securities (MBS agency) 101,618 91,656 111,372 98,697
Non-agency issued mortgage-backed securities (MBS non-agency) 36,128 33,404 75,902 71,616
Total available for sale 295,849 270,310 376,265 340,344
FHLB stock 13,105 13,105 14,435 14,435
Total securities $ 308,954 $ 283,415 $ 390,700 $ 354,779

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Maturity of Securities. The composition and contractual maturities of our investment portfolio at December 31, 2025, excluding FHLB stock, are indicated in the following table. The yields on municipal bonds have not been computed on a tax equivalent basis.

December 31, 2025
1 year or less Over 1 year to 5 years Over 5 to 10 years Over 10 years Total Securities
(dollars in thousands) Amortized Cost Weighted Average Yield Amortized Cost Weighted Average Yield Amortized Cost Weighted Average Yield Amortized Cost Weighted Average Yield Amortized Cost Weighted Average Yield Fair Value
Securities available for sale: **** **** **** **** ****
Municipal bonds $ — — % $ 3,048 2.21 % $ 26,314 2.55 % $ 62,786 2.41 % $ 92,148 2.44 % $ 80,252
ABS agency — — — — — — 11,927 5.27 11,927 5.27 11,943
ABS corporate — — — — — — 7,963 6.13 7,963 6.13 7,961
Corporate debt 1,000 6.00 21,034 6.13 16,738 5.33 1,000 4.13 39,772 5.74 38,801
SBA — — — — 2,304 5.44 3,989 4.83 6,293 5.05 6,293
Mortgage-backed:
MBS agency — — 3,147 3.81 7,215 3.46 91,256 4.01 101,618 3.97 91,656
MBS non-agency 4,602 7.30 3,765 6.27 — — 27,761 2.97 36,128 3.86 33,404
Total securities available for sale $ 5,602 7.06 % $ 30,994 5.53 % $ 52,571 3.69 % $ 206,682 3.56 % $ 295,849 3.85 % $ 270,310

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At December 31, 2025, of the 167 investment securities held, there were 135 investment securities with $26.2 million of unrealized losses and a fair value of approximately $209.3 million. At December 31, 2024, of the 191 investment securities held, there were 166 investment securities with $36.2 million of unrealized losses and a fair value of approximately $283.9 million. Management believes that the unrealized losses on our investment securities relate principally to the general changes in interest rates, market liquidity and demand, and market volatility that have occurred since the initial purchase, and that such unrecognized losses or gains will continue to vary with general interest rate level and market fluctuations in the future. We do not believe the unrealized losses on our securities are related to a deterioration in credit quality. Certain investments in a loss position are guaranteed by government entities or government sponsored entities. The Company does not intend to sell the securities in an unrealized loss position and believes it is not likely it will be required to sell these investments prior to a market price recovery or maturity. Based on the Company’s evaluation of these securities, no credit impairment was recorded at December 31, 2025 and 2024.

Subsequent to year end, the Company became aware that its $2.0 million investment in subordinated debt may be approaching payment default. The issuer has requested a loan modification in advance of the interest payment due on March 15, 2026. If a modification agreement is not reached, there is a strong likelihood that the issuer will not be able to meet the scheduled interest payment due no later than March 25, 2026, including the 10-day grace period, which would place the subordinated debt in default. Management is actively monitoring the situation. Management is also assessing the likelihood and timing of recovery, including possible legal actions. No adjustments have been made to the December 31, 2025, investment securities data provided above as this event occurred after the balance sheet date.

Deposit Activities and Other Sources of Funds

General. Customer deposits, brokered deposits, borrowings and loan and investment cash flows are the major sources of our funds for lending, investment, and general business purposes. Scheduled loan and investment repayments are a relatively stable source of funds, while deposit inflows and outflows and loan prepayments are influenced significantly by general interest rates and other market conditions. Borrowings from the FHLB and subordinated debt are used to supplement the availability of funds from other sources and as a source of term funds to assist in the management of interest rate risk.

Our deposit composition consists of interest and noninterest-bearing checking, savings, money market accounts, and certificates of deposit. We rely on marketing activities, digital channels, branch facilities, mail and contact center services, relationship management, word of mouth referrals, and a broad range of deposit products and payment services to attract and retain customer deposits.

Deposits. Deposits are attracted from within our market area through the offering of a broad selection of deposit instruments, including checking accounts, money market deposit accounts, savings accounts and certificates of deposit with a variety of rates. Deposit account terms vary according to the minimum balance required, the time periods the funds must remain on deposit, and the interest rate, among other factors. In determining the terms of our deposit accounts, we consider the development of long-term profitable customer relationships, current market interest rates, current maturity structure and deposit mix, our customer preferences, and the profitability of acquiring customer deposits compared to alternative sources.

We also utilize wholesale deposits, including brokered deposits and listing service deposits, to augment customer deposit balances. At December 31, 2025, all of our brokered deposits were certificates. Balances at each of the periods presented reflect direct offerings issued by the Bank through contracts with third-party brokers. The Bank utilizes services provided to the Depository Trust and Clearing Corporation to disburse interest and principal payments on direct offerings. We also maintain a relationship with IntraFi that allows the Bank to participate in their certificate of deposit account registry service ("CDARS"), which pools large deposits placed with CDARS by financial institution customers and distributes the balances across the network of participants. The Bank also participates in IntraFi's Insured Cash Sweep ("ICS") program which pools and distributes transaction and savings account balances.

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Deposit Activity. The following table sets forth activity in our total deposit balance for the periods indicated.

Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Beginning balance $ 1,688,026 $ 1,676,892
Net deposits (125,945 ) (31,293 )
Interest credited 37,020 42,427
Ending balance $ 1,599,101 $ 1,688,026
Net (decrease) increase $ (88,925 ) $ 11,134
Percent (decrease) increase (5.3 )% 0.7 %

Types of Deposits. The following table sets forth the dollar amount of deposits in the various types of deposits programs we offered at the dates indicated.

December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Amount Percent of Total Amount Percent of Total
Transactions and Savings Deposits: **** ****
Noninterest-bearing transaction $ 245,760 15.4 % $ 256,416 15.2 %
Interest-bearing transaction 143,166 9.0 164,891 9.8
Money market accounts 451,143 28.2 413,822 24.5
Savings accounts 239,258 15.0 205,055 12.1
Total transaction and savings deposits 1,079,327 67.6 1,040,184 61.6
Certificates: ^(1)^ **** ****
0.00 – 0.99% 3,522 0.2 13,720 0.8
1.00 – 1.99% 7,139 0.4 9,607 0.6
2.00 – 2.99% 61,694 3.9 6,950 0.4
3.00 – 3.99% 326,946 20.4 108,921 6.5
4.00 – 4.99% 120,473 7.5 403,891 23.9
5.00 – 5.99% — — 104,753 6.2
Total certificates 519,774 32.4 647,842 38.4
Total deposits $ 1,599,101 100.0 % $ 1,688,026 100.0 %
(1) Brokered certificates of deposit included in certificates $ 86,510 $ 182,914

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Deposit Maturities. The following table sets forth the rate and maturity information of our time deposit certificates at December 31, 2025.

Rate
(dollars in thousands) 0.00 -<br> 0.99% 1.00 -<br> 1.99% 2.00 -<br> 2.99% 3.00 -<br> 3.99% 4.00 -<br> 4.99% Total Percent of Total
Certificate accounts maturing in quarter ending: **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** ****
March 31, 2026 $ 1,172 $ 78 $ 20,703 $ 53,764 $ 47,801 $ 123,518 23.8 %
June 30, 2026 344 336 13,211 33,882 50,911 98,684 19.0
September 30, 2026 665 288 12,721 85,419 8,807 107,900 20.8
December 31, 2026 108 2,484 7,614 107,949 2,562 120,717 23.2
March 31, 2027 588 81 3,906 26,375 2,492 33,442 6.4
June 30, 2027 40 541 894 519 2,297 4,291 0.8
September 30, 2027 — 245 421 14,802 — 15,468 3.0
December 31, 2027 — 144 253 387 5,603 6,387 1.2
March 31, 2028 605 627 605 197 — 2,034 0.4
June 30, 2028 — 509 53 825 — 1,387 0.3
September 30, 2028 — 795 55 85 — 935 0.2
December 31, 2028 — 312 85 730 — 1,127 0.2
Thereafter — 699 1,173 2,012 — 3,884 0.7
Total certificates $ 3,522 $ 7,139 $ 61,694 $ 326,946 $ 120,473 $ 519,774 100.0 %
Percent of total 0.7 % 1.4 % 11.9 % 62.8 % 23.2 % 100.0 %

Deposit Balances in Excess of the FDIC Insured Limit. The FDIC insures up to $250,000 per depositor for each account ownership category for which the depositor qualifies. Depositors may qualify for coverage over the limit if they have funds in multiple ownership categories and all FDIC requirements are met. The uninsured amounts are estimates based on the methodologies and assumptions used for the Bank’s regulatory reporting requirements. The Company has an estimated $371.3 million and $390.5 million, or 23.2% and 23.1%, of total deposit balances were uninsured at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

The following table sets forth the portion of our certificate accounts that were in excess of the FDIC insurance limit by time remaining until maturity as of December 31, 2025.

(dollars in thousands)
3 months or less $ 28,255
Over 3 through 6 months 13,594
Over 6 through 12 months 38,931
Over 12 months 14,641
Total $ 95,421

The Federal Reserve may require First Fed to maintain reserves on transaction accounts or non-personal time deposits. These reserves may be in the form of cash or noninterest-bearing deposits with the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. Negotiable order of withdrawal accounts and other types of accounts that permit payments or transfers to third parties fall within the definition of transaction accounts and are subject to the reserve requirements, as are any non-personal time deposits at a commercial bank. As of December 31, 2025, our deposit with the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco and vault cash exceeded our reserve requirements.

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Borrowings. We use advances from the FHLB, including short-term overnight, short-term advances with initial maturities of less than one year, and longer-term advances maturing in one year or more, to meet ongoing liquidity needs and to mitigate interest rate risk. As a member of the FHLB, we are authorized to apply for advances based on the value of certain pledged real estate loans. Advances are made under various terms pursuant to several different credit programs, each with its own interest rate and range of maturities. Depending on the program, limitations on the amount of advances are based on the financial condition of the member institution and the adequacy of collateral pledged to secure the credit. We maintain a committed credit facility with the FHLB, and at December 31, 2025, had pledged loan collateral to support a borrowing capacity of $525.1 million. In addition, the Bank had outstanding letters of credit from the FHLB to secure public deposits and the Bellevue, Washington branch lease liability. At December 31, 2025, outstanding advances from the FHLB totaled $260.0 million and the combined balance for the two letters of credit was $60.8 million, leaving a remaining borrowing capacity of $204.4 million.

First Fed maintains an established borrowing arrangement to use the Federal Reserve Board of San Francisco's ("FRB") discount window. At December 31, 2025, we had pledged securities with a carrying value of $18.0 million as collateral to support a borrowing capacity of $17.3 million. A borrowing test was performed in June 2025.

On March 25, 2021, the Company completed a private placement of $40.0 million of 3.75% fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes due 2031 (the "Notes") to certain qualified institutional buyers and institutional accredited investors. The net proceeds to the Company from the sale of the Notes were approximately $39.3 million after deducting placement agent fees and other offering expenses. The Notes have been structured to qualify as Tier 2 capital for the Company for regulatory capital purposes. The Company used the net proceeds of the offering for general corporate purposes. Beginning in April 2026, the interest rate will reset quarterly to the three-month SOFR plus 300-basis points. In March 2025, the Company redeemed $5.0 million of the Notes at a discount, resulting in a reduction to the outstanding balance and a $905,000 gain on extinguishment of debt recorded in noninterest income.

On May 20, 2022, First Northwest began a borrowing arrangement with NexBank for a revolving line of credit. The agreement was modified in 2025 and the new terms allow a maximum extension of credit of $15.0 million. Borrowings under the arrangement with NexBank are secured by a blanket lien on First Northwest's personal property assets (with certain exclusions), including all the outstanding shares of First Fed, cash, loans receivable, and limited partnership investments. The line of credit matures on November 16, 2026. At December 31, 2025, the outstanding advance totaled $13.5 million, leaving a remaining borrowing capacity of $1.5 million.

In October 2023, Pacific Coast Bankers Bank ("PCBB") extended a $50.0 million unsecured Fed Funds Borrowing Facility to the Bank. The Bank must maintain a minimum demand deposit account average balance of $250,000 with PCBB. Availability of funds are not guaranteed and facility usage is generally limited to ten consecutive days. Available borrowing capacity was $50.0 million at December 31, 2025. A borrowing test was performed in June 2025. This credit facility is authorized for use through December 2027.

The following tables set forth information regarding our borrowings at the end of and during the periods indicated. The tables include both long- and short-term borrowings.

Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Maximum balance: **** ****
FHLB long-term advances $ 170,000 $ 170,000
FHLB overnight borrowings 130,000 270,000
Line of credit 15,000 10,000
Subordinated debt, net 39,527 39,514
Average balances: **** ****
FHLB long-term advances $ 167,083 $ 136,250
FHLB overnight borrowings 87,500 137,750
Line of credit 11,192 6,635
Subordinated debt, net 35,542 39,475
Weighted average interest rate: **** ****
FHLB long-term advances 3.86 % 3.35 %
FHLB overnight borrowings 4.18 5.38
Line of credit 8.07 9.41
Subordinated debt, net 3.99 4.00

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Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Balance outstanding at end of period: **** ****
FHLB long-term advances $ 160,000 $ 160,000
FHLB overnight borrowings 100,000 130,000
Line of credit 13,500 6,500
Subordinated debt, net 34,643 39,514
Total borrowings $ 308,143 $ 336,014
Weighted average interest rate at end of period: **** ****
FHLB long-term advances 4.03 % 3.63 %
FHLB overnight borrowings 4.00 4.64
Line of credit 7.25 8.00
Subordinated debt, net 4.10 3.99
Total borrowings 4.17 4.15

Subsidiary and Other Activities

In December 2019, the Company invested in Canapi Ventures as a limited partner to strategically invest in fintech-related businesses. The Company is dedicated to the discovery of, and investment in, those fintech-related companies that we expect may also contribute to the evolution of digital solutions applicable to the banking industry. This commitment to Canapi Ventures will be for up to ten years, with cash commitments totaling up to $3.0 million to be paid into the partnership through March 2026. As of December 31, 2025, $2.5 million had been contributed to this partnership. The recorded investment was $2.6 million at December 31, 2025.

In February 2021, First Fed invested in Makers Square Master Tenant, LLC as a limited partner in order to participate in an historic tax credit transaction. This entity meets the criteria for reporting under the equity method of accounting. The tax credit generated by the $2.2 million initial investment was utilized on the Company's 2021 federal income tax return. The Bank plans to exercise the put option when it becomes available in 2026.

In September 2021, the Company invested in BankTech Ventures, LP ("BankTech") as a limited partner to strategically invest in fintech-related businesses. The commitment to BankTech will be for up to ten years, with cash installments totaling up to $1.0 million to be paid into the partnership through October 2026. As of December 31, 2025, $740,000 had been contributed to this partnership. The recorded investment was $708,000 at December 31, 2025.

In December 2021, the Company invested in JAM FINTOP Frontier Fund, LP as a limited partner to strategically invest in fintech-related businesses. This commitment will be for up to ten years, with cash installments totaling up to $1.0 million to be paid into the partnership through April 2027. As of December 31, 2025, $555,000 had been contributed to this partnership. The recorded investment was $515,000 at December 31, 2025.

In February 2022, the Bank invested in a Small Business Investment Company through Canapi Ventures (SBIC Fund II). This commitment will be for up to ten years with two possible one-year extensions, with cash installments totaling up to $2.0 million to be paid into the company over the commitment period, beginning in 2022. As of December 31, 2025, $925,000 has been contributed to this fund. The recorded investment was $777,000 at December 31, 2025.

In April 2022, First Northwest invested $3.0 million in Meriwether Group Capital Hero Fund LP, a private commercial lender focused on lower-middle market businesses, primarily in the Pacific Northwest. A second $3.0 million investment was made in May 2022, bringing the Company's total investment in the Hero Fund to $6.0 million. In June 2024, First Northwest redeemed its investment in the Hero Fund and First Fed made a subsequent $6.0 million limited partnership investment in the same entity. The recorded investment was $6.0 million at December 31, 2025. Subsequent to year end, the Bank signed a redemption agreement which sets forth the path to unwind its investment in the Hero Fund through capital distributions beginning in April 2026.

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Also in April 2022, First Northwest made an initial investment for a 5% interest in Meriwether Group Capital, LLC, which provides financial advice for borrowers and capital for the Hero Fund. In October 2022, the Company completed an additional purchase and holds a 25% equity interest in MWGC valued at $150,000 at December 31, 2025. The recorded investment in MWGC was $150,000 at December 31, 2025. Subsequent to year end, the Company redeemed its interest in MWGC at par.

In June 2022, First Northwest made an initial investment for a 5% interest in The Meriwether Group, LLC, a boutique investment bank focusing on providing entrepreneurs with resources to help them succeed, including equity and debt raising services along with strategic positioning of business throughout the U.S. In September 2022, the Company completed an additional purchase and holds a 33% interest in MWG valued at $2.8 million at December 31, 2025. First Northwest issued 115,777 shares of stock with a value of $1.9 million to the existing partners in MWG as consideration in the acquisition transaction. MWG also holds a 20% interest in MWGC. The recorded investment in MWG was $3.0 million at December 31, 2025.

Competition

We face competition in originating loans from other banks, credit unions, life insurance companies, mortgage bankers, public and private capital markets, and digital lenders. In general, the primary factors in competing for loans are interest rates and rate adjustment provisions, loan maturities, loan fees, and the quality of service. We offer competitive terms and conditions and compete by delivering high-quality, personal service to our customers. Competition for loans is also strong due to the number and variety of institutions competing in our market areas. For instance, competition for loans is particularly intense in the larger markets in the Puget Sound area, such as Seattle, Washington.

Competition for deposits is primarily from other banks, credit unions, mutual funds, and other alternative investment vehicles such as securities firms, insurance companies, etc., which may be offered locally or via the internet. We expect continued competition from such financial institutions and investment vehicles in the foreseeable future, including competition from digital banking competitors, challenger banks, and "Fintech" companies that rely on technology to provide financial services. We compete for these deposits by offering excellent service and a variety of deposit accounts at competitive rates and through our branch network. We also compete for deposits by offering a variety of financial services, including online and mobile banking capabilities. Based on the most recent branch data provided by the FDIC, as of June 30, 2025, First Fed’s share of bank, savings bank and savings and loan association deposits in Clallam and Jefferson counties was 41.2% and 22.5%, respectively, and was less than 4% in Whatcom, Kitsap and King counties.

Human Capital Resources

At December 31, 2025, we had 242 full-time equivalent team members. At that date, the average tenure of all our full-time team members was approximately 5.6 years while the average tenure of our executive officers was approximately 2.9 years. Our team members are not represented by any collective bargaining group.

Our Board guides the implementation of our corporate mission, vision, and values as an important element of risk oversight. Our Board holds senior management accountable for embodying, maintaining, and communicating our culture to team members. In that regard, our corporate mission, vision, and values are designed to promote commitment to making the lives of all those around us better and to uphold that principle in everything we do. That commitment has been a pillar in our approach to our team members and the communities we have proudly served for over 100 years. Our culture is designed to adhere to the timeless values of optimism, respect, initiative, growth, and ownership. In keeping with that culture, we strive to be a force for good in everyday life and expect our team members to treat each other and our customers with the highest level of care and respect, going out of their way to do the right thing.

We dedicate resources to promote a safe and inclusive workplace; attract, develop, and retain a diverse group of talented team members; promote a culture of integrity, caring, and excellence; and reward and recognize team members for both the results they deliver and, just as importantly, how they deliver them. We also seek to design fulfilling careers, with competitive compensation and benefits combined with a positive work-life balance. We dedicate resources to fostering professional and personal growth with continuing education, on-the-job training, and development programs.

Our team members are the cornerstone of our success as an organization. We are committed to attracting, retaining, and promoting highly qualified individuals from a wide array of backgrounds. We believe employing a talented and inclusive workforce enhances our ability to serve our customers and our communities. In 2025, we formed the First Fed Next Committee to act as a governing body for our cultural initiatives and to promote team member engagement.

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We seek to better understand the financial needs of our prospective and current customers by promoting and fostering a workforce that reflects the communities we serve, along with providing relevant financial service products. As we move forward, we will continue to grow in a manner consistent with our company vision: to create well-being and prosperity for our team members, customers and communities.

Information About Our Executive Officers

The following is a description of the principal occupation and employment of the executive officers of the Company and the Bank as of December 31, 2025. As previously disclosed in a Current Report on Form 8‑K filed on January 8, 2026, Geri Bullard resigned from her position as Chief Operating Officer, effective February 4, 2026. Accordingly, she is not included in the executive officer information presented below.

Curt Queyrouze*, age 64,* is President and Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") of the Company and First Fed, a position he has held since September 2025. Mr. Queyrouze is a seasoned community bank leader with more than 40 years of financial services experience, including expertise in strategic planning, credit, risk management, and financial technology. Before joining First Northwest, Mr. Queyrouze served as President, Community Bank and Corporate Credit at Coastal Community Bank in Everett, Washington. from May 2022 to September 2025 Previously, he was President and Chief Executive Officer at TAB Bank in Ogden, Utah from January 2014 to May 2022. His career includes leadership roles at a variety of institutions including PNC, Hancock Whitney, National Bank of Canada, and community banks. He also served as Chief Operating Officer of a fintech company. Mr. Queyrouze currently serves on the board of the Cocoon House, supporting youth homelessness intervention, and the University of Washington's Global Banking Program at the Foster School of Business. He has also served on the board of directors of the Utah Bankers Association, The Youth Impact Center and the Utah AIDS Foundation and is active in many banking and fintech industry organizations. Mr. Queyrouze holds a degree in Accounting from Louisiana State University.

David B. Edelstein*, age 56,* is Executive Vice President and Chief Innovation Officer ("CIO"), a position he has held since March 2024. Prior to becoming CIO, from November 2018 to March 2024, Mr. Edelstein was the CEO of Level Technology, a financial technology company which provided financial services designed to empower very small businesses to thrive. This built on his career at the intersection of financial services and technology, as the Director of the Grameen Technology Center, a product leader at Microsoft and an engagement manager at McKinsey & Company. Mr. Edelstein holds a master’s degree in Economics and Public Policy from Princeton University and a bachelor’s degree from Colby College.

Kyle D. Henderson*, age 41,* is Executive Vice President and Chief Credit Officer ("CCO") of First Fed, a position he has held since July 2024. He joined First Fed in August 2023 as the Deputy Chief Credit Officer. Prior to joining First Fed, Mr. Henderson served as Executive Vice President for FirstBank where he held positions in credit administration, commercial and consumer lending, and retail banking. He served in this capacity from December 2007 to July 2023. He holds a bachelor's degree from the University of Oregon and is a graduate of the American Bankers Association’s Stonier School of Banking at the University of Pennsylvania. Mr. Henderson currently serves on the board of directors for Peninsula Behavioral Health and the Clallam County Economic Development Council, and is active with the Washington Bankers Association. He has previously served various roles with governmental, private and non-profit agencies that focus on economic development, workforce development, education, conservation and at-risk youth services.

Allison R. Mahaney*, age 44,* is Executive Vice President and Chief Legal Officer ("CLO") of First Fed and First Northwest, a position she has held since October 2025. She has also served as the Company’s Corporate Secretary since June 2020. Prior to becoming CLO, Ms. Mahaney served as General Counsel from January 2022 to October 2025 and as Assistant General Counsel from January 2020 to June 2022. Before joining First Fed, Ms. Mahaney operated a private law practice where she provided legal counsel to municipalities, nonprofits, businesses, and individuals across a range of matters. She holds a Juris Doctor degree from the Northwestern School of Law of Lewis & Clark College and a Master of Business Administration from the University of Washington.

Phyllis R. Nomura*, age 56,* is Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer ("CFO") of the Company and First Fed, a position she has held since March 2025. She joined First Fed in November 2024 as the Senior Director of Accounting and Finance. Prior to joining First Fed, she served as CFO of the YWCA Seattle King Snohomish, located in Seattle, from May 2023 to November 2024, and CFO of Kosmos Management, in Seattle, from August 2016 to November 2022. Ms. Nomura held other CFO positions prior to Kosmos Management at four financial institutions from May 2005 to January 2016. She began her career in public accounting and served as an Auditor and Senior Audit Manager at Deloitte from January 1994 to September 2001. Ms. Nomura currently is a board member and Treasurer of Learning Communities Foundation, which helps ensure educational success for children in the Puget Sound Region. Ms. Nomura holds a Bachelor of Business Administration degree from Grand Valley State University and is a licensed CPA.

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Available Information

The Company provides an Investor Relations link on its website (www.ourfirstfed.com) to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s ("SEC") website (www.sec.gov) for purposes of providing copies of its Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and proxy statements and amendments thereto. Other than an investor’s own internet access charges, these filings are available free of charge. The information contained on the Company's website as referenced in this Form 10-K should not be considered as part of this report.

Regulation and Supervision

First Northwest and First Fed are subject to federal, state, and local laws that may change from time to time. This section provides a general overview of the federal and state regulatory framework applicable to First Northwest and First Fed. The descriptions of laws and regulations included herein do not purport to be complete and are qualified in their entirety by reference to the actual laws and regulations.

These statutes and regulations, as well as related policies, continue to be subject to change by Congress, state legislatures, and federal and state regulators. Changes in statutes, regulations, or regulatory policies applicable to First Northwest and First Fed (including their interpretation or implementation) cannot be predicted and could have a material effect on First Northwest’s and First Fed’s business and operations. Numerous changes to the statutes, regulations, and regulatory policies applicable to First Northwest and First Fed have been made or proposed in recent years. Any such legislation or regulatory changes in the future by the FDIC, DFI, Federal Reserve or the CFPB could adversely affect our operations and financial condition.

Regulation of First Fed

General. First Fed, as a state-chartered commercial bank, is subject to applicable provisions of Washington law and to regulations and examinations of the DFI. It also is subject to examination and regulation by the FDIC, which insures the deposits of First Fed to the maximum extent permitted by law. During these state or federal regulatory examinations, the examiners may, among other things, require First Fed to provide for higher general or specific loan loss reserves, which can impact our capital and earnings. This regulation of First Fed is intended for the protection of depositors and the deposit insurance fund ("DIF") of the FDIC and not for the purpose of protecting the shareholder(s) of First Fed or First Northwest. First Fed is required to maintain minimum levels of regulatory capital and is subject to some limitations on the payment of dividends to First Northwest. See "– Capital Requirements" and "– Dividends."

Federal and State Enforcement Authority and Actions*.* As part of its supervisory authority over Washington-chartered commercial banks, the DFI may initiate enforcement proceedings to obtain a cease-and-desist order against an institution believed to have engaged in unsafe and unsound practices or to have violated a law, regulation, or other regulatory limit, including a written agreement. The FDIC also has the authority to initiate enforcement actions against insured institutions for similar reasons and may terminate the deposit insurance of such an institution if, among other things, the FDIC determines that the institution has engaged in unsafe or unsound practices or is in an unsafe or unsound condition. Both agencies may utilize less formal supervisory tools to address their concerns about the condition, operations, or compliance status of a commercial bank.

Regulation by the Washington Department of Financial Institutions*.* State laws and regulations govern First Fed's ability to take deposits and pay interest, to make loans on or invest in residential and other real estate, to make consumer loans, to invest in securities, to offer various banking services to its customers, and to establish branch offices. As a state-chartered commercial bank, First Fed must pay semi-annual assessments, examination costs and certain other charges to the DFI. Washington law generally provides the same powers for Washington commercial banks as federally and other-state chartered banks and savings institutions with branches in Washington, subject to the approval of the DFI.

Insider Credit Transactions. Banks are subject to certain restrictions on extensions of credit to executive officers, directors, principal shareholders, and their related interests. These extensions of credit (1) must be made on substantially the same terms (including interest rates and collateral) and follow credit underwriting procedures that are at least as stringent as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with persons not related to the lending bank; and (2) must not involve more than the normal risk of repayment or present other unfavorable features. Banks are also subject to certain lending limits and restrictions on overdrafts to insiders. A violation of these restrictions may result in the assessment of substantial civil monetary penalties, regulatory enforcement actions, and other regulatory sanctions. The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the "Dodd-Frank Act") and federal regulations place additional restrictions on loans to insiders and generally prohibit loans to senior officers other than for certain specified purposes.

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Insurance of Accounts and Regulation by the FDIC. The DIF of the FDIC insures deposit accounts in First Fed up to $250,000 per separately insured depositor for each account ownership category for which the depositor qualifies. As insurer, the FDIC imposes deposit insurance premiums. The FDIC is also authorized to conduct examinations of, and to require reporting by, FDIC-insured institutions for which it is the primary federal regulator, and in certain other circumstances. Our deposit insurance premiums for the year ended December 31, 2025, were $1.7 million. No institution may pay a dividend to its parent holding company if it is in default on its federal deposit insurance assessment.

The FDIC determines the amount of insurance premiums based on each financial institution's deposit base and the applicable assessment rate. The assessment rate for small institutions, which are generally those with less than $10 billion in assets, is based on an institution’s weighted average CAMELS component ratings and certain financial ratios. Assessment rates currently range from 2.5 to 32 basis points for small institutions.

The FDIC has authority to increase assessment rates and most recently exercised that authority for the first quarterly assessment period of 2023. Increases to insurance assessments have an adverse effect on the operating expenses and results of operations of First Fed. The FDIC communicated that the new assessment rate schedules will remain in effect unless and until the reserve ratio meets or exceeds two percent. Progressively lower assessment rates can be expected when the reserve ratio reaches two percent. Management cannot predict what assessment rates will be in the future.

Insurance of deposits may be terminated by the FDIC upon a finding that an institution has engaged in unsafe or unsound practices, is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations or has violated any applicable law, regulation, rule, order or condition imposed by the FDIC. The FDIC may also prohibit any insured institution from engaging in any activity determined by regulation or order to pose a serious risk to the DIF. We do not currently know of any practice, condition, or violation that may lead to termination of our deposit insurance.

Prompt Corrective Action. Federal statutes establish a supervisory framework, designed to place restrictions on an insured depository institution if its capital levels begin to show signs of weakness, based on five capital categories: "well capitalized," "adequately capitalized," "undercapitalized," "significantly undercapitalized" and "critically undercapitalized." An institution’s category depends upon where its capital levels are in relation to relevant capital measures, which include risk-based capital measures, Tier 1 and common equity Tier 1 capital measures, a leverage ratio capital measure, and certain other factors. The federal banking agencies have adopted regulations that implement this statutory framework.

Under these regulations, an institution is treated as well capitalized if it has a ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets of 10.0% or more (the total risk-based capital ratio); a ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets (the Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio) of 8.0% or more; a ratio of Tier 1 common equity capital to risk-weighted assets (the common equity Tier 1 capital ratio) of 6.5% or more; a ratio of Tier 1 capital to average consolidated assets (the leverage ratio) of 5.0% or more; and the institution is not subject to a federal order, agreement, or directive to meet a specific capital level. The classifications for "undercapitalized," "significantly undercapitalized" and "critically undercapitalized" institutions are also set forth in the regulations. An institution that is not well capitalized is subject to certain restrictions on brokered deposits and restrictions on the rates it can offer on its deposits generally. Any institution which is neither well capitalized nor adequately capitalized is considered undercapitalized. Further, an institution may be downgraded to a category lower than indicated by its capital ratios if it is determined to be in an unsafe or unsound condition, or if the institution receives an unsatisfactory examination rating.

Undercapitalized institutions are subject to certain prompt corrective action requirements, regulatory controls, and restrictions which become more extensive as an institution becomes more severely undercapitalized. At December 31, 2025, First Fed was categorized as "well capitalized." For additional information, see Note 12 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of this Form 10-K.

Capital Requirements. Federal regulations require insured depository institutions and bank holding companies (including financial holding companies) to meet several minimum capital standards. The minimum capital level requirements applicable to First Northwest and First Fed are: (i) a common equity Tier 1 ("CET1") capital to risk-based assets ratio of 4.5%; (ii) a Tier 1 capital to risk-based assets ratio of 6%; (iii) a total capital to risk-based assets ratio of 8%; and (iv) a leverage ratio of Tier 1 capital to total assets of 4%.

In addition to the minimum capital ratios, the capital regulations require a banking organization to maintain a capital conservation buffer, designed to absorb losses during periods of economic stress, consisting of additional CET1 capital of more than 2.5% of risk-weighted assets above the required minimum risk-based capital ratios in order to avoid limitations on paying dividends, engaging in share repurchases, and paying discretionary bonuses.

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As of December 31, 2025, First Northwest and First Fed each met the minimum capital ratio requirements and exceeded the capital conservation buffer requirement. For additional information regarding First Northwest’s and First Fed’s required and actual capital levels at December 31, 2025, see Note 12 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of this Form 10-K.

Federal Home Loan Bank System. First Fed is a member of the FHLB of Des Moines. All advances from the FHLB are required to be fully secured by sufficient collateral as determined by the FHLB, and all long-term advances are required to provide funds for residential home financing. At December 31, 2025, First Fed had $260.0 million of outstanding advances from the FHLB of Des Moines. See Item 1, "Business – Deposit Activities and Other Sources of Funds – Borrowings."

Activities and Investments of Insured State-Chartered Financial Institutions. Federal law generally limits the activities and equity investments of FDIC insured, state-chartered banks to those that are permissible for national banks.

Dividends. Dividends from First Fed, which are subject to regulation and limitation, constitute a major source of funds for dividends paid by First Northwest to shareholders. As a general rule, regulatory authorities may prohibit banks and financial holding companies from paying dividends in a manner that would constitute an unsafe or unsound banking practice. For example, regulators have stated that paying dividends that deplete an institution's capital base to an inadequate level would be an unsafe and unsound banking practice and that an institution should generally pay dividends only out of current operating earnings. In addition, a bank may not pay cash dividends if that payment could reduce the amount of its capital below the minimum applicable regulatory capital requirements. According to Washington law, First Fed may not declare or pay a cash dividend on its capital stock if it would cause its net worth to be reduced below (1) the amount required for liquidation accounts or (2) the net worth requirements, if any, imposed by the Director of the DFI. Additionally, dividends on First Fed’s capital stock may not be paid in an aggregate amount greater than the aggregate retained earnings of First Fed without the approval of the Director of the DFI.

Affiliate Transactions. Federal laws strictly limit the ability of banks to engage in certain transactions with their affiliates, including their financial holding companies. Transactions deemed to be a "covered transaction" under Section 23A of the Federal Reserve Act and between a bank and its parent company or the nonbank subsidiaries of the bank holding company are limited to 10% of the bank’s capital and surplus to a single affiliate and, with respect to all affiliates, to an aggregate of 20% of the bank’s capital and surplus. Further, covered transactions that are loans and extensions of credit generally are required to be secured by eligible collateral in specified amounts. Federal law also requires that most transactions between a bank and its affiliates be on terms at least as favorable to the bank as transactions with non-affiliates.

Community Reinvestment Act. First Fed is subject to the provisions of the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 (the "CRA"). Under the CRA, federal bank regulators assess a bank’s performance under the CRA in meeting the credit needs of the communities serviced by the bank, including low-and moderate -income neighborhoods. The regulatory agency’s assessment of a bank’s record is made available to the public. Further, a bank’s CRA performance rating must be considered in connection with a bank’s application, among other things, to establish a new branch office that will accept deposits; to relocate an existing office; or to merge or consolidate with, or acquire the assets or assume the liabilities of, a federally regulated financial institution. In some cases, a bank's failure to perform satisfactorily under the CRA, or CRA-related protests filed by interested parties during applicable comment periods, can result in the denial or delay of such transactions. First Fed received a "satisfactory" rating during its most recent CRA examination.

On October 24, 2023, the federal banking agencies issued a final rule revising their framework for evaluating banks’ records of community reinvestment under the CRA. On July 16, 2025, these bank regulatory agencies issued a proposal to rescind the October 2023 final rule and reinstate the CRA framework that existed prior to the October 2023 final rule, which has remained in effect. The Bank’s most recent performance evaluation was conducted using the CRA framework that existed prior to the October 2023 final rule.

Commercial Real Estate Ratios. The federal banking regulators have issued guidance regarding concentrations in commercial real estate lending, including acquisition, development and construction lending. The purpose of the guidance is to guide banks in developing risk management practices and capital levels commensurate with the level and nature of real estate concentrations. The guidance provides that the strength of an institution’s lending and risk management practices with respect to such concentrations will be considered in evaluating capital adequacy and provides supervisory criteria that identifies institutions that are potentially exposed to significant commercial real estate concentration risk, but does not specifically limit a bank’s commercial real estate lending to a specified concentration level.

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Privacy Standards. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999 ("GLBA") modernized the financial services industry by, among other things, establishing a comprehensive framework to permit affiliations among commercial banks, insurance companies, securities firms and other financial service providers. First Fed is subject to FDIC regulations implementing the privacy protection provisions of the GLBA. These regulations require First Fed to disclose its privacy policy, including informing consumers of its information sharing practices and informing consumers of their rights to opt out of certain practices.

Federal Reserve System. The Federal Reserve Board has historically required that all depository institutions maintain reserves on transaction accounts, primarily checking accounts. These reserves may be in the form of cash or noninterest-bearing deposits with the regional Federal Reserve Bank. The Federal Reserve reduced the reserve requirement ratios to zero percent effective on March 26, 2020, effectively eliminating the requirements. The Federal Reserve took that action due to a change in its approach to monetary policy; it has indicated that it has no plans to reimpose reserve requirements but could in the future if conditions warrant.

Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Terrorism. The Bank Secrecy Act ("BSA") requires all financial institutions to establish a risk-based system of internal controls reasonably designed to prevent money laundering and the financing of terrorism. The BSA also sets forth various recordkeeping and reporting requirements (such as reporting suspicious activities that might signal criminal activity) and certain due diligence and "know your customer" documentation requirements.

The Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2020 ("AMLA"), which amends the BSA, was enacted in January 2021. The AMLA is intended to be a comprehensive reform and modernization to U.S. bank secrecy and anti-money laundering laws. Among other things, it codifies a risk-based approach to anti-money laundering compliance for financial institutions; requires the U.S. Department of the Treasury to promulgate priorities for anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism policy; requires the development of standards for testing technology and internal processes for BSA compliance; expands enforcement- and investigation-related authority, including increasing available sanctions for certain BSA violations; and expands BSA whistleblower incentives and protections. Many of the statutory provisions in the AMLA will require additional rulemakings, reports and other measures, and the impact of the AMLA will depend on, among other things, rulemaking and implementation guidance. In June 2021, the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, a bureau of the U.S. Department of the Treasury, issued the priorities for anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism policy required under the AMLA. The priorities include corruption, cybercrime, terrorist financing, fraud, transnational crime, drug trafficking, human trafficking and proliferation financing.

The Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 ("Patriot Act"), intended to combat terrorism, was renewed with certain amendments in 2006. In relevant part, the Patriot Act (1) prohibits banks from providing correspondent accounts directly to foreign shell banks; (2) imposes due diligence requirements on banks opening or holding accounts for foreign financial institutions or wealthy foreign individuals; (3) requires financial institutions to establish an anti-money laundering compliance program; and (4) eliminates civil liability for persons who file suspicious activity reports. The Patriot Act also includes provisions providing the government with power to investigate terrorism, including expanded government access to bank account records.

Regulators are directed to consider a bank holding company’s and a bank’s effectiveness in combating money laundering when reviewing and ruling on applications under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended ("BHCA") and the Bank Merger Act. First Northwest and First Fed have established comprehensive compliance programs designed to comply with the requirements of the BSA and Patriot Act.

Consumer Protection Laws and Regulations. The Dodd-Frank Act, among other things, established the CFPB as an independent bureau of the Federal Reserve Board. The CFPB assumed responsibility for the implementation of the federal financial consumer protection and fair lending laws and regulations and has authority to impose new requirements. First Fed is subject to consumer protection regulations issued by the CFPB, but as a smaller financial institution, it is generally subject to supervision and enforcement by the FDIC with respect to our compliance with federal consumer financial protection laws and CFPB regulations. First Fed is also subject to supervision and enforcement by the DFI with respect to applicable state consumer protection laws and regulations. The CFPB has issued and continues to issue numerous regulations under which we may incur additional expense in connection with our ongoing compliance obligations.

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First Fed is subject to a broad array of federal and state consumer protection laws and regulations that govern almost every aspect of its business relationships with consumers. While the list set forth below is not exhaustive, some of these laws and regulations include the Truth-in-Lending Act, the Truth in Savings Act, the Electronic Fund Transfer Act, the Expedited Funds Availability Act, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Housing Act, the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, the Right to Financial Privacy Act, the Home Ownership and Equity Protection Act, the Consumer Leasing Act, the Fair Credit Billing Act, the Homeowners Protection Act, the Check Clearing for the 21st Century Act, laws governing flood insurance, laws governing consumer protections in connection with the sale of insurance, federal and state laws prohibiting unfair and deceptive business practices, and various regulations that implement some or all of the foregoing. These laws and regulations mandate certain disclosure requirements and regulate the way financial institutions must deal with customers when taking deposits, making loans, collecting loans, and providing other services. In recent years, examination and enforcement by federal and state banking agencies for compliance with consumer protection laws and regulations have increased and become more intense. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations can subject First Fed to various penalties including, but not limited to, enforcement actions, injunctions, fines, civil liability, criminal penalties, punitive damages, and the loss of certain contractual rights. First Fed has established a comprehensive compliance system to promote compliance with applicable consumer protection laws and regulations.

Regulation and Supervision of First Northwest

General. First Northwest is a bank holding company registered with the Federal Reserve and the sole shareholder of First Fed. Bank holding companies are subject to comprehensive regulation by the Federal Reserve under the BHCA, and the regulations promulgated thereunder. This regulation and oversight is generally intended to ensure that First Northwest limits its activities to those allowed by law and that it operates in a safe and sound manner without endangering the financial health of First Fed. During 2022, First Northwest elected to be treated as a financial holding company (a type of bank holding company), allowing the Company to engage in non-banking activities that are financial in nature or incidental to financial activities.

Under the BHCA, First Northwest is supervised by the Federal Reserve. As a bank holding company, First Northwest is required to file semi-annual and annual reports with the Federal Reserve and any additional information required by the Federal Reserve and is subject to regular examinations by the Federal Reserve. The Federal Reserve also has extensive enforcement authority over bank holding companies, including the ability to assess civil money penalties, to issue cease-and-desist or removal orders and to require that a bank holding company divest subsidiaries (including its bank subsidiaries). In general, enforcement actions may be initiated for violations of law and regulations and/or for unsafe or unsound practices.

Source of Strength Doctrine. Under the Dodd-Frank Act and Federal Reserve policy, a bank holding company must serve as a source of financial and managerial strength to its subsidiary banks, and the Federal Reserve may expect a bank holding company to use available resources to provide adequate capital funds to its subsidiary banks during periods of financial stress or adversity (including at times when a bank holding company may not be in a financial position to provide such resources or when it may not be in the bank holding company’s or its shareholders' best interests to do so) and to maintain the financial flexibility and capital raising capacity to obtain additional resources for assisting its subsidiary banks.

Acquisitions. With certain exceptions, the BHCA prohibits a bank holding company from acquiring ownership or control of more than 5% of the voting shares of any company that is not a bank or bank holding company and from engaging in activities other than those of banking, managing or controlling banks, or providing services for its subsidiaries. The Federal Reserve may approve a bank holding company's ownership of another company which engages in activities closely related to the business of banking, as determined by the Federal Reserve. A bank holding company that meets certain supervisory and financial standards and elects to be designated as a financial holding company may also engage in certain securities, insurance and merchant banking activities, and other activities determined to be financial in nature or incidental to financial activities.

Regulatory Capital Requirements. As part of the review of applications under the BHCA and the supervision of bank holding companies, the Federal Reserve assesses the adequacy of a bank holding company's capital pursuant to the capital rules the Federal Reserve has adopted. These rules apply to bank holding companies with $3.0 billion or more in assets on a consolidated basis, or to bank holding companies with fewer assets but certain risky activities, or to bank-only companies. When applicable, the bank holding company capital adequacy and conservation buffer rules are the same as those imposed by the FDIC. For additional information, see the section above entitled "- Regulation of First Fed - Capital Requirements" and Note 12 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of this Form 10-K.

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Interstate Banking. The BHCA, as amended by the interstate banking provisions of the Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994 ("Interstate Act"), permits a bank holding company to acquire control of, or acquire all or substantially all of the assets of, a bank located in a state other than the bank holding company's home state, without regard to whether the transaction is prohibited by the laws of any state, subject to certain restrictions. The Interstate Act also generally permits national- and state-chartered banks to branch interstate through acquisitions of banks in other states, subject to certain restrictions.

Interchange Fees. Under the Durbin Amendment to the Dodd-Frank Act, the Federal Reserve adopted rules establishing standards for assessing whether the interchange fees that may be charged with respect to certain electronic transactions are "reasonable and proportional" to the costs incurred by issuers for processing such transactions. Notably, the Federal Reserve's rules set a maximum permissible interchange fee, among other requirements. As of December 31, 2025, First Northwest and First Fed qualified for the small issuer exemption from the Federal Reserve’s interchange fee cap, which applies to any debit card issuer that has total consolidated assets of less than $10 billion as of the end of the previous calendar year. In October 2023, the Federal Reserve requested comments on a proposed rule that would lower the interchange fee cap that applies to debit card issuers with $10 billion or more in assets and establish a regular process for updating the cap every other year going forward. Future changes to the interchange fee cap could have a negative effect on the Bank’s fee revenue.

Restrictions on Dividends. First Northwest's ability to declare and pay dividends is subject to the Federal Reserve limits and Washington law, and may also depend on its ability to receive dividends from First Fed, as discussed above.

The Federal Reserve has issued a policy statement on the payment of cash dividends by bank holding companies. In particular, the policy limits the payment of a cash dividend by a bank holding company if the holding company's net income for the past year is not sufficient to cover both the cash dividend and a rate of earnings retention that is consistent with capital needs, asset quality, and overall financial condition. A bank holding company that does not meet any applicable capital standard would not be able to pay any cash dividends under this policy. A bank holding company not subject to consolidated capital requirements is expected not to pay dividends unless its debt-to-equity ratio is less than 1:1, and it meets certain additional criteria. The Federal Reserve also has indicated that it would be inappropriate for a company experiencing serious financial problems to borrow funds to pay dividends.

Except for a company that meets the well-capitalized standard for bank holding companies, is well managed, and is not subject to any unresolved supervisory issues, a bank holding company is required to give the Federal Reserve prior written notice of any purchase or redemption of its outstanding equity securities if the gross consideration for the purchase or redemption, when combined with the net consideration paid for all such purchases or redemptions during the preceding 12 months, is equal to 10.0% or more of the company's consolidated net worth. The Federal Reserve may disapprove such a purchase or redemption if it determines that the proposal would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice or would violate any law, regulation or regulatory order, condition, or written agreement.

Under Washington corporate law, First Northwest generally may not pay dividends if after that payment it would not be able to pay its liabilities as they become due in the usual course of business, or its total assets would be less than the sum of its total liabilities*.* These various laws and regulatory policies may affect First Northwest’s ability to pay dividends or otherwise engage in capital distributions.

Recent and Proposed Legislation. The economic and political environment of the past several years has led to a number of proposed legislative, governmental, and regulatory initiatives that may significantly impact the banking industry. Other regulatory initiatives by federal and state agencies may also significantly impact First Northwest's and First Fed’s business. First Northwest and First Fed cannot predict whether these or any other proposals will be enacted or the ultimate impact of any such initiatives on its operations, competitive situation, financial conditions, or results of operations.

Effects of Federal Government Monetary Policy. First Northwest’s earnings and growth are affected not only by general economic conditions, but also by the fiscal and monetary policies of the federal government, particularly the Federal Reserve. The Federal Reserve implements national monetary policy to promote maximum employment, stable prices, and moderate long-term interest rates. Through its open market operations in U.S. government securities, control of the discount rate applicable to borrowings, establishment of reserve requirements against certain deposits, and control of the interest rate applicable to excess reserve balances and reverse repurchase agreements, the Federal Reserve influences the availability and cost of money and credit and, ultimately, a range of economic variables including employment, output, and the prices of goods and services.

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The Federal Reserve has reaffirmed that its strategy for monetary policy is focused on long-term goals and addressing continued concerns with inflation. The Federal Reserve increased the federal funds rate by 100 basis points in 2023. In September 2024, the Federal Reserve reversed the upward trend and began lowering the federal funds rate for a total decrease in 2024 of 100 basis points with an additional total decrease in 2025 of 75 basis points. Changes in monetary policy, including changes in the federal funds rate, can affect net interest income and margin, overall profitability, and shareholders' equity. The nature and impact of future changes in monetary policies and their impact on First Northwest and First Fed cannot be predicted with certainty.

Cybersecurity. Federal banking regulators issue new guidance and standards, and update existing guidance and standards, intended to enhance cyber risk management among financial institutions from time to time. Financial institutions are expected to comply with such guidance and standards and to accordingly develop appropriate security controls and risk management processes. If First Fed fails to observe such regulatory guidance or standards, it could be subject to various regulatory sanctions, including financial penalties.

Interagency rules require banks to notify their primary banking regulator within 36 hours of determining that a "computer-security incident" rising to the level of a "notification incident" has occurred. Among other types of computer-security incidents, a "notification incident" includes one that has materially disrupted or degraded the banking organization’s ability to carry out banking operations to a material portion of its customer base in the ordinary course of business.

State regulators have also been increasingly active in implementing privacy and cybersecurity standards and regulations. Recently, several states have adopted regulations requiring certain financial institutions to implement cybersecurity programs and many states, including Washington, have also recently implemented or modified their data breach notification, information security and data privacy requirements. We expect this trend of state-level activity in those areas to continue, and are continually monitoring developments in the states in which our customers are located.

Risks and exposures related to cybersecurity attacks, including litigation and enforcement risks, are expected to be elevated for the foreseeable future due to the rapidly evolving nature and sophistication of these threats, as well as the expanding use of internet banking, mobile banking and other technology-based products and services by us and our customers. Cybersecurity concerns are further heightened by Russia's current invasion of Ukraine.

In addition to guidance and standards implemented by banking regulators, in July 2023, the SEC adopted final rules requiring an annual disclosure of registrants’ cybersecurity risk management strategy and governance. Additionally, registrants are required to disclose cybersecurity incidents, including the nature, scope, timing, and impact of the incident, within four business days of determining them to be material.

Taxation

Federal Taxation

General. First Northwest and First Fed are subject to federal income taxation in the same general manner as other corporations, with some exceptions discussed below. The following discussion of federal taxation is intended only to summarize certain pertinent federal income tax matters and is not a comprehensive description of the tax rules applicable to First Northwest or First Fed. First Fed is no longer subject to U.S. federal income tax examinations by tax authorities for years ended before December 31, 2022. See Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of this Form 10-K.

Method of Accounting. For federal income tax purposes, we currently report income and expenses on the accrual method of accounting. Federal income tax returns are filed using a December 31 year end.

Intercompany Dividends-Received Deduction. First Northwest will file a consolidated federal income tax return with First Fed. Accordingly, any dividends First Northwest receives from First Fed will not be included as income to First Northwest.

Washington Taxation

First Northwest and First Fed are subject to a business and occupation tax imposed under Washington law at the rate of 2.10% of gross receipts, as well as personal property and sales tax. Interest received on loans secured by mortgages or deeds of trust on residential properties and certain investment securities are exempt from this tax.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors.

The following is a discussion of what we currently believe are the most significant risks and uncertainties that may affect our business, financial condition, and future results. You should carefully consider the following risks, together with all of the other information contained in this Form 10-K, including the sections entitled "Forward-Looking Statements" and "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and our financial statements and the related notes thereto. Any of the following risks could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations and could cause the trading price of our common stock to decline, which would cause you to lose all or part of your investment. Our business, financial condition, and results of operations could also be harmed by risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently do not believe are material.

Economy and Our Markets

Our business and operations are concentrated in Washington, and adverse economic conditions in that area could adversely impact our earnings and could increase the credit risk associated with our loan portfolio.

A significant portion of our loans are to businesses and individuals in the state of Washington. An economic decline affecting our region could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects. Weakness in the global economy has adversely affected many businesses operating in our markets that are dependent on international trade. Deterioration in the national economy may also have an adverse effect on the region.

Any future deterioration in economic conditions in the market areas we serve, in particular the North Olympic Peninsula and Puget Sound area of Washington State, could result in the following consequences, any of which could have a materially adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations:

• Loan delinquencies, problem assets and foreclosures may increase;
• Demand for our products and services may decline, possibly resulting in a decrease in our total loans or assets;
• Loan collateral may decline in value, exposing us to increased risk of loss on existing loans and reducing customers’ borrowing power;
• The net worth and liquidity of loan guarantors may decline, impairing their ability to honor commitments to us; and
• The amount of our deposits may decrease and the composition of our deposits may be adversely affected.

A decline in local economic conditions may have a greater effect on our earnings and capital than on the earnings and capital of larger financial institutions whose real estate loan portfolios are geographically diverse. If we are required to liquidate a significant amount of collateral during a period of reduced real estate values, our financial condition and profitability could be adversely affected. Adverse changes in the regional and general economy could reduce our growth rate, impair our ability to collect loans, and generally have a negative effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Conditions in the financial markets may limit our access to additional funding to meet our liquidity needs, which could adversely affect our earnings and capital levels.

Liquidity is essential to our business. We rely on a variety of sources in order to meet our potential liquidity demands. We require enough liquidity to meet customer loan requests, customer deposit maturities and withdrawals, payments on our debt obligations as they come due and other cash commitments under both normal operating conditions and other unpredictable circumstances, including events causing industry or general financial market stress. A tightening of the credit markets and the inability to obtain adequate funding may negatively affect our liquidity, asset growth and, consequently, our earnings capability and capital levels. In addition to any deposit growth, and the sale of loans or investment securities, maturity of investment securities and loan payments, we rely from time to time on advances from the FHLB and certain other wholesale funding sources to meet liquidity demands. Our liquidity position could be significantly constrained if we were unable to access funds from the FHLB or other wholesale funding sources.

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Factors that could detrimentally impact our access to liquidity sources include actions by the FRB, a decrease in the level of our business activity as a result of a downturn in the markets in which our loans are concentrated, negative operating results, or adverse regulatory action against us. Our ability to borrow could also be impaired by factors that are not specific to us, such as consumer and business behavior utilizing funds on deposit to pay down higher cost debt or to seek higher yielding investments, a disruption in the financial markets or negative views and expectations about the prospects for the financial services industry or deterioration in credit markets. Any decline in available funding could adversely impact our ability to originate loans, invest in securities, meet our expenses, or fulfill obligations such as repaying our borrowings or meeting deposit withdrawal demands, any of which could, in turn, have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Additionally, collateralized public funds are bank deposits of state and local municipalities. These deposits are required to be secured by certain investment grade securities or other collateral to ensure repayment, which on the one hand tends to reduce our contingent liquidity risk by making these funds somewhat less credit sensitive, but on the other hand reduces standby liquidity by restricting the potential liquidity of the pledged collateral. Although these funds historically have been a relatively stable source of funds for us, availability depends on the individual municipality's fiscal policies and cash flow needs.

Competition for deposits may limit our ability to grow.

Our loan growth is primarily dependent on retaining and attracting additional customer deposits. While we emphasize the generation of low-cost core deposits as a source of funding, there is strong competition for such deposits in our market area, including from internet-based banking institutions, which have grown rapidly in recent years.

Deposit flows are influenced by various factors, including customer relationships, sales and marketing efforts, interest rates paid by competitors, alternative investments such as money market mutual funds, equities and bonds, government stimulus programs, and the overall levels of business and personal income and savings. The interest rate environment impacts competition for deposits across the banking industry, and deposit balances may decrease if customers perceive alternative investments as providing a better risk/return tradeoff or if customers turn to other alternatives to deposits, such as stablecoins.

Additionally, negative news about us or the banking industry in general could negatively impact market and/or customer perceptions of the Company, which could lead to a loss of depositor confidence and an increase in deposit withdrawals, particularly among those with uninsured deposits. Furthermore, as banking organizations experienced in the Spring of 2023, the failure of other financial institutions may cause deposit outflows as customers spread deposits among several different banks so as to maximize their amount of FDIC insurance, move deposits to banks deemed "too big to fail" or remove deposits from the banking system entirely. We may not be able to replace maturing deposits and advances as necessary in the future, especially if a large number of our depositors sought to withdraw their accounts, regardless of the reason.

Our failure to grow or retain deposits may result in a loss of market share and slower or negative loan growth, which likely would have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Public health crises , geopolitical developments, acts of terrorism, natural disasters, climate change and other events out of our control could harm our business.

Public health crises, domestic or geopolitical crises, such as the current wars in Ukraine and the Middle East, political instability or civil unrest, terrorism or other events outside of our control, could cause disruptions to our business and those of our customers, counterparties and service providers or the U.S.' economy, resulting in potentially adverse operating results. Natural disasters may disrupt our operations and those of our customers, counterparties and service providers, result in damage to our properties, reduce or destroy the value of the collateral for our loans and negatively affect the economies in which we operate. Climate change may worsen the severity and impact of future natural disasters and other extreme weather-related events that could cause disruption to our business and operations. Chronic results of climate change such as shifting weather patterns could also cause disruption to the business and operations of our customers, with potentially negative effects on our loan portfolio and growth opportunities. A significant natural disaster, such as a tsunami, earthquake, drought, fire or flood, where we or our customers live and do business, could have a material adverse impact on our local market areas and our ability to conduct business, especially if our insurance coverage is insufficient to compensate for losses that may occur. We also could be adversely affected if our key personnel or a significant number of our employees were to become unavailable due to a public health crisis (such as an outbreak of a contagious disease), natural disaster, war, act of terrorism, accident or other reason. The effects of any of the foregoing factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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We may be impacted by the actions, soundness or creditworthiness of other financial institutions, which can cause disruption within the industry and increase expenses.

Financial services institutions are interrelated as a result of trading, clearing, counterparty, or other relationships. We execute transactions with various counterparties in the financial industry, including broker-dealers, commercial banks, and investment banks. Defaults or failures of financial services institutions and instability in the financial services industry in general can lead to market-wide liquidity problems, increased credit risk and withdrawals of uninsured deposits. Such events could adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition, as well as the market price and volatility of our common stock.

Bank failures may increase the risk of a recession or lead to regulatory changes and initiatives, such as enhanced capital, liquidity, or risk management requirements, which could adversely impact us. Changes to laws or regulations, or the imposition of additional restrictions through supervisory or enforcement activities, could have a material impact on our business. Regulatory changes could also adversely impact our ability to access funding, increase the cost of funding, limit our access to capital markets, and negatively impact our overall financial condition. For example, certain bank failures in 2023 resulted in a special assessment by the FDIC to replenish the DIF.

We operate in a highly competitive industry.

We face substantial competition in all areas of our operations from a variety of different competitors, many of which are larger and may have more financial resources. These competitors primarily include national, regional, community and digital banks within the various markets in which we operate. We also face competition from many other types of financial institutions, including savings and loans, credit unions, mutual funds, mortgage banking finance companies, brokerage firms, insurance companies and other financial intermediaries or alternative investment vehicles. The financial services industry could become even more competitive as a result of legislative, regulatory and technological changes and continued consolidation. Further, clients may choose to conduct business with other market participants who engage in business or offer products in areas we deem speculative or risky, such as cryptocurrencies, non-fungible tokens, and other digital assets. For example, financial technology companies and other firms have begun to offer services such as stablecoins that may serve as alternatives to traditional banking products such as deposits. Additionally, technology has lowered barriers to entry and made it possible for nonbanks to offer products and services traditionally provided by banks, such as automatic transfer and automatic payment systems. Competitors in these nonbank sectors may have fewer regulatory constraints, as well as lower cost structures. Additionally, due to their size, many competitors may be able to achieve economies of scale and, as a result, may offer a broader range of products and services as well as better pricing for those products and services than we can.

Failure to perform in any of these areas could significantly weaken our competitive position, which could adversely affect our growth and profitability and result in a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Failure to keep up with the rapid technological changes in the financial services industry could have an adverse effect on our competitive position and profitability.

The financial services industry is undergoing rapid technological changes, with frequent introductions of new technology-driven products and services. The effective use of technology increases efficiency and enables financial institutions to better serve customers and reduce costs. Our future success will depend, in part, upon our ability to address the needs of our customers by using technology to provide products and services that will satisfy customer demands for convenience, as well as to create additional efficiencies in our operations. Many of our competitors have substantially greater resources to invest in technological improvements than we do. We may not be able to implement new technology-driven products and services effectively or be successful in marketing these products and services to our customers. Failure to keep pace successfully with technological change affecting the financial services industry could harm our ability to compete effectively and could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. As these technologies improve in the future, we may be required to make significant capital expenditures in order to remain competitive, which may increase our overall expenses and have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

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Credit and Asset Quality

Our emphasis on commercial real estate lending subjects us to various risks that could adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition.

Our commercial real estate and multi-family loans represent a significant portion of our portfolio, with balances of $691.2 million, or 42.5%, of our total loan portfolio, at December 31, 2025, and $723.0 million, or 42.6%, of our total loan portfolio at December 31, 2024. We intend to continue, subject to market demand, our origination and purchase of commercial real estate loans. As an institution’s concentration in commercial real estate lending increases, it becomes subject to more scrutiny under the FDIC's policies for management of its commercial real estate loan portfolio.

Our focus on this type of lending has increased our risk profile. Commercial real estate loans are intended to enhance the average yield of our earning assets; however, they do involve a different level of risk compared to one-to-four family loans. The repayment of commercial real estate loans typically depends on the successful operation and income stream of the borrowers’ operating business, or their ability to lease the commercial property at sufficient rates. The value of the commercial real estate securing the loan as collateral is a secondary source of repayment in case of default, which can be significantly affected by economic conditions. The FDIC has issued pronouncements alerting banks of its concerns about banks with a heavy concentration of commercial real estate loans. Moreover, federal bank regulators have highlighted the increased risk associated with commercial real estate loans, including with respect to the higher vulnerability of these credits to pressure as interest rates remain elevated and market conditions in many metropolitan areas continue to show signs of stress. These loans also involve larger balances to a single borrower or groups of related borrowers. Some of our commercial borrowers have more than one loan outstanding with us. Consequently, an adverse development with respect to one loan or one credit relationship can expose us to a significantly greater risk of loss compared to an adverse development on a single one-to-four family residential mortgage loan.

Since commercial real estate loans generally have large balances, deterioration in the quality of commercial loans may result in the need to significantly increase our provision for credit losses on loans and charge-offs will likely be larger on a per loan basis compared to consumer loans. As a result, deterioration of this portfolio could have a materially adverse effect on our future earnings. Collateral evaluation and financial statement analysis for commercial loans also requires a more detailed review at origination and on an ongoing basis. Finally, if we foreclose on a commercial real estate loan, our holding period for the collateral is typically longer than for a one-to-four family residence because the market for most types of commercial real estate is not readily liquid, resulting in less opportunity to mitigate credit risk by selling part or all of our interest in these assets. At December 31, 2025, we had $9.8 million of nonperforming commercial real estate loans in our portfolio.

We have a concentration of large loans outstanding to a limited number of borrowers that increases our risk of loss.

First Fed has extended significant amounts of credit to borrowers connected with high-end residential real estate and commercial and multi-family real estate loans. These types of loans generally are viewed as having more risk of default than residential real estate loans or certain other types of loans or investments. In fact, the FDIC has issued pronouncements alerting banks of its concern about significant loan concentrations. At December 31, 2025, the aggregate amount of loans, including unused commitments, to First Fed's five largest borrowers (including related entities) amounted to approximately $88.8 million. Outstanding loan balances for the ten largest borrowing relationships at December 31, 2025, totaled $146.5 million, or 9.0% of total loans. Although none of the loans to First Fed's 20 largest borrowers were nonperforming as of December 31, 2025, concentration of credit to a limited number of borrowers increases the risk in First Fed's loan portfolio. The deterioration of one or a few of these loans may cause a significant increase in our non-performing loans. An increase in non-performing loans could result in a loss of earnings from these loans, an increase in the provision for loan losses, or an increase in loan charge-offs, any of which would have an adverse impact, which could be material, on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our construction and land loans are based upon estimates of costs and the value of the completed project.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, our construction and land loans decreased $16.8 million, or 21.6%, to $61.3 million, or 3.8%, of the total loan portfolio at December 31, 2025 and consisted of properties secured by commercial real estate of $23.0 million, one-to-four family residential of $22.0 million, multi-family of $10.1 million, and land of $6.2 million. Land loans include raw land and land acquisition and development loans.

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Construction and land development lending generally involves additional risks when compared with permanent residential lending because funds are advanced upon estimates of costs in relation to values associated with the completed project that will produce a future value at completion. Because of the uncertainties inherent in estimating construction costs, the market value of the completed project, the effects of governmental regulation on real property, and changes in demand, it is relatively difficult to evaluate accurately the total funds required to complete a project and the completed project loan-to-value ratio, which may cause actual results to vary significantly from those estimated. For these reasons, this type of lending also typically involves higher loan principal amounts and is often concentrated with a small number of builders.

A downturn in housing, or the real estate market, could increase loan delinquencies, defaults and foreclosures, and significantly impair the value of our collateral and our ability to sell the collateral upon foreclosure. Some of our builders have more than one loan outstanding with us, and an adverse development with respect to one loan or one credit relationship may expose us to a significantly greater risk of loss.

In addition, during the term of most of our construction loans, no payment from the borrower is required since the accumulated interest is added to the principal of the loan through an interest reserve. As a result, these loans often involve the disbursement of funds with repayment substantially dependent on the successful outcome of the project and the ability of the borrower to sell or lease the property or obtain permanent take-out financing, rather than the ability of the borrower or guarantor to repay principal and interest. If our appraisal of the value of a completed project proves to be overstated, we may have inadequate security for the repayment of the loan upon completion of construction of the project and may incur a loss. Because construction loans require active monitoring of the building process, including cost comparisons and on-site inspections, these loans are more difficult and costly to monitor. Increases in market rates of interest may have a more pronounced effect on construction loans by rapidly increasing the end-purchasers' borrowing costs, thereby reducing the overall demand for the project. Properties under construction are often difficult to sell and typically must be completed in order to be successfully sold, which also complicates the process of working out problem construction loans. Under these circumstances we may be required to advance additional funds and/or contract with another builder to complete construction and assume the market risk of selling the project at a future market price, which may or may not enable us to fully recover unpaid loan funds and associated construction and liquidation costs. Any of these results could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our business may be adversely affected by credit risk associated with residential real estate.

At December 31, 2025, $461.8 million, or 28.4% of our total loan portfolio, consisted of one-to-four family mortgage loans and home equity loans secured by residential properties. Lending on residential property is sensitive to regional and local economic conditions that significantly impact the ability of borrowers to meet their loan payment obligations, making loss levels difficult to predict. Declines in residential real estate values securing these types of loans may increase the level of borrower defaults and losses above the recent charge-off experience on these loans. Jumbo one-to-four family residential loans that do not conform to secondary market mortgage requirements for our market areas would not be immediately saleable to Freddie Mac or other investors and may expose us to increased risk because of their larger balances. Further, a significant amount of our home equity lines of credit consist of loans in a subordinate lien position to a first lienholder.

For home equity lines secured by a second mortgage, it is unlikely that we will be successful in recovering all or a portion of our loan balances in the event of default unless we repay the first mortgage loan and such repayment and the costs associated with a foreclosure are justified by the value of the property. For these reasons we may experience higher rates of delinquencies, default and losses on loans secured by junior liens. Any of these results could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, if we foreclose on and take title to real property securing loans, there is a risk that hazardous or toxic substances could be found on these properties and that we could be liable for remediation costs, as well as personal injury and property damage. Environmental laws may require us to incur substantial expenses and may materially reduce the affected property’s value or limit our ability to sell the affected property. The remediation costs and any other financial liabilities associated with an environmental hazard could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

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Repayment of our commercial business loans is often dependent on the cash flows of the borrower, which may be unpredictable, and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value.

At December 31, 2025, we had $130.3 million, or 8.0% of total loans, in commercial business loans. Commercial business lending involves risks that are different from those associated with residential and commercial real estate lending. Real estate lending is generally considered to be collateral-based lending with loan amounts based on the value of the collateral and predetermined loan to collateral ratios; liquidation of the underlying real estate collateral is the primary source of repayment in the event of borrower default. Our commercial business loans are primarily supported by the cash flow of the borrower and secondarily by the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. The borrowers' cash flows may be unpredictable, and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Although commercial business loans are often collateralized by equipment, inventory, accounts receivable, or other business assets, the liquidation of collateral in the event of default is often an insufficient source of repayment. Factors affecting the value of this type of collateral include uncollectable accounts receivable and obsolete or limited use inventory, among others.

We depend on the accuracy and completeness of information provided by customers and counterparties.

In deciding whether to extend credit or enter into other transactions with customers and counterparties, we may rely on information furnished by or on behalf of customers and counterparties, including financial information. We may also rely on representations of customers and counterparties as to the accuracy and completeness of that information. In deciding whether to extend credit, we may rely upon customers’ representations that their financial statements conform to GAAP and present fairly the financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows of the customer. We also may rely on customer representations and certifications, or other audit or accountants’ reports, with respect to the business and financial condition of our customers. Our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected if we rely on misleading, false, inaccurate, or fraudulent information.

Our allowance for credit losses on loans may prove to be insufficient to absorb losses in our loan portfolio.

We make various assumptions and judgments about the collectability of our loan portfolio, including the creditworthiness of our borrowers and the value of the real estate and other assets serving as collateral for the repayment of many of our loans. In determining the allowance for credit losses on loans, we review our loan portfolios, loss and delinquency trends, and economic conditions. If our assumptions are incorrect, our allowance for credit losses on loans may not be sufficient to cover incurred losses, resulting in additions to our allowance for credit losses on loans through the provision for credit losses on loans which is charged against income.

Additionally, pursuant to our growth strategy, management recognizes that significant new loan growth, new loan products, new market areas, and the refinancing of existing loans, resulting in portfolios composed of unseasoned loans that may not perform in a historical or projected manner, may increase the risk that our allowance may be insufficient to absorb losses without significant additional provisions. Significant provisions to our allowance could materially decrease our net income. In addition, bank regulatory agencies periodically review our allowance for credit losses on loans and may require an increase in the provision for possible loan losses or the recognition of further loan charge-offs, based on judgments different than those of management.

In addition, if charge-offs in future periods exceed the allowance for credit losses on loans, we will need additional provisions to replenish the allowance for credit losses on loans. Any additional provisions will result in a decrease in net income, and possibly capital, and may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

We may not be able to measure and limit our credit risk adequately, which could adversely affect our profitability.

At December 31, 2025, our nonperforming assets, which consist of nonaccrual loans, real estate owned and repossessed assets, were $24.0 million, or 1.1% of total assets. Our level of nonperforming assets is closely tied to the overall credit quality of our loan portfolio and the creditworthiness of our borrowers. Adverse changes in economic conditions, borrower financial performance, collateral values or other factors affecting credit risk could result in an increase in delinquencies, defaults and nonaccrual loans. Nonperforming assets adversely affect our net income in various ways. If additional borrowers become delinquent and do not pay their loans and we are unable to successfully manage our nonperforming assets, our losses and troubled assets could increase significantly, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

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Our securities portfolio may be negatively impacted by fluctuations in market value and interest rates.

Factors beyond our control can significantly influence the fair value of securities in our portfolio and can cause potential adverse changes to the fair value of these securities. These factors include, but are not limited to, ratings agency actions, defaults or other adverse events affecting the issuer or the underlying collateral, if any, of the security, changes in market interest rates, and continued instability in the capital markets. Additionally, financial markets may be adversely affected by the current or anticipated impact of military conflict, including the current wars in Ukraine and the Middle East, terrorism, or other geopolitical events. A need for additional liquidity may also require us to sell investment securities at depressed prices. These factors, among others, could result in an allowance for credit losses on investment securities, realized and/or unrealized losses in future periods, and declines in other comprehensive income, which could materially affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Determining an allowance for credit losses on investment securities requires complex, subjective judgments about the future financial performance and liquidity of the security's issuer and underlying collateral, if any, to assess the probability of receiving all contractual principal and interest payments due, and these estimates may differ significantly from actual future performance of the security.

We may incur losses due to direct and indirect minority investments in fintech and specialty finance companies.

We have and may continue to make minority investments in fintech and specialty finance companies or make investments in funds that do the same. We currently have investments in Canapi Venture, BankTech Ventures, LP and JAM FINTOP Frontier Fund, LP to strategically invest in fintech-related businesses. In addition, we have invested in Meriwether Group Capital Hero Fund LP, Meriwether Group Capital, LLC and The Meriwether Group, LLC, which provide funding and services to lower-middle market businesses and entrepreneurs. We generally are not able to influence the activities of companies or funds in which we invest and may suffer losses due to these activities. In addition, the companies or funds we invest in may have economic or business interests, values, or goals that are inconsistent or conflict with ours, which could damage our reputation or business. Additionally, the companies or funds we invest in may experience financial difficulties, default on their obligations, diminished liquidity or insolvency; or our management team’s distraction relative to the potential financial benefit may be disproportional. If the companies we invest in, directly or indirectly, seek additional financing in the future to fund their growth strategies, these financing transactions may result in dilution to our ownership stakes and these transactions may occur at lower valuations than the investment transaction through which we acquired such ownership interest, which could significantly decrease the fair value of our investment in those entities. We may also be unable to dispose of our minority investments within our contemplated time horizon or at all or withdraw our investment from funds in which we participate. Our inability to dispose of our minority investment in an entity, a downward adjustment to or impairment of an equity investment or our inability to access funds otherwise invested could adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

If our real estate owned is not properly valued or declines further in value, our earnings could be reduced.

We update our valuation assessments in the form of appraisals and tax assessed values when a loan has been foreclosed and the property taken in as real estate owned and at certain other times during the asset’s holding period. Our net book value of the loan at the time of foreclosure and thereafter is compared to the updated market value of the foreclosed property less estimated selling costs (fair value). A charge-off is recorded for any excess in the asset’s net book value over its fair value. If our valuation process is incorrect, or if property values decline, the fair value of our real estate owned may not be sufficient to recover our carrying value in such assets, resulting in the need for additional charge-offs. In addition, bank regulators periodically review our real estate owned and may require us to recognize further charge-offs. Significant charge-offs to our real estate owned could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

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We are subject to certain risks in connection with our use of networks and technology systems.

Our security measures may not be sufficient to mitigate the risk of a cyber-attack. Communications and information systems are essential to the conduct of our business, as we use such systems to manage our customer relationships, our general ledger and virtually all other aspects of our business. Our operations rely on the secure processing, storage, and transmission of confidential and other information in our computer systems and networks. Although we take protective measures and endeavor to modify them as circumstances warrant, the security of our computer systems, software, and networks may be vulnerable to breaches, unauthorized access, misuse, computer viruses, or other malicious code and cyber-attacks that could have a security impact. If one or more of these events occur, this could jeopardize our or our customers’ confidential and other information processed and stored in, and transmitted through, our computer systems and networks, or otherwise cause interruptions or malfunctions in our operations or the operations of our customers or counterparties. We may be required to expend significant additional resources to modify our protective measures or to investigate and remediate vulnerabilities or other exposures, and we may be subject to litigation and financial losses that are either not insured against or not fully covered through any insurance maintained by us. We could also suffer significant reputational damage. Notwithstanding the strength of defensive measures, cybersecurity threats and the tactics, techniques and procedures used in cyberattacks change, develop and evolve rapidly and continuously, including from emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence, which may be used to enhance the tactics, techniques and procedures described above and facilitate new cyber threats.

We support the ability of our customers to transact business through multiple automated methods. As such, we may be susceptible to fraud performed through these technologies.

Security breaches in our internet banking activities could further expose us to possible liability and damage our reputation. Any compromise of our security also could deter customers from using our internet banking services that involve the transmission of confidential information. We rely on standard internet security systems to provide the security and authentication necessary to effect secure transmission of data. These precautions may not protect our systems from compromises or breaches of our security measures, which could result in significant legal liability, heightened regulatory scrutiny or fines, violations of consumer protection and privacy laws, and significant damage to our reputation and our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our security measures may not protect us from systems failures or interruptions. While we have established policies and procedures to prevent or limit the impact of systems failures and interruptions, there can be no assurance that such events will not occur or that they will be adequately addressed if they do. In addition, we outsource certain aspects of our data processing and other operational functions to certain third-party providers. If our third-party providers encounter difficulties, we have difficulty in communicating with them, or they terminate their services our ability to adequately process and account for transactions, among other things, could be affected, and our business operations could be adversely impacted. Threats to information security also exist in the processing of customer and consumer information through various third-party vendors and their personnel.

The occurrence of any failures or interruptions may require us to identify alternative sources of such services, and we cannot assure that we would be able to negotiate terms that are as favorable to us or obtain services with similar functionality as found in our existing systems without the need to expend substantial resources, if at all. Further, the occurrence of any systems failure or interruption could damage our reputation and result in a loss of customers and business, could subject us to additional regulatory scrutiny, or could expose us to legal liability. Any of these occurrences could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Interest Rates, Operations and Risk Management

We are subject to interest rate risk, which could adversely affect our earnings .

Our earnings and cash flows are largely dependent on our net interest income. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors beyond our control, including general economic conditions and policies of various governmental and regulatory agencies, particularly the Federal Reserve. The Federal Reserve decreased the federal funds target rate beginning in September 2024, with the most recent decrease occurring in December 2025. When the Federal Reserve Board decreases the Fed Funds rate, overall interest rates are likely to fall, which may positively impact housing markets by increasing refinancing activity and new home purchases. A falling interest rate environment may also positively affect the U.S. economy and, as a result, our business as a whole. However, there can be no assurance of the timing or amount of any future rate adjustments. Further, there can be no assurance regarding any forecasts or predictions about the effect that any future rate adjustment may have on our results of operations.

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Further changes in monetary policy, including changes in interest rates, could influence not only the interest we receive on loans and investments and the amount of interest we pay on deposits and borrowings, but these changes could also affect, among other things, (i) our ability to originate and/or sell mortgage and SBA loans; (ii) the fair value of our financial assets and liabilities, which could negatively impact shareholders' equity, and our ability to realize gains from sales of such assets; (iii) our ability to obtain and retain deposits in competition with other available investment alternatives; (iv) the ability of our borrowers to repay adjustable or variable rate loans; and (v) the average duration of our MBS portfolio and other interest-earning assets. If the interest rates paid on deposits and other borrowings increase at a faster rate than the interest rates received on loans and other investments, our net interest income, and therefore earnings, could be adversely affected. Earnings could also be adversely affected if the interest rates received on loans and other investments fall more quickly than the interest rates paid on deposits and other borrowings.

Increases in interest rates could also have a negative impact on our results of operations by reducing the ability of borrowers to repay their current loan obligations or by reducing our margins and profitability. Our net interest margin is the net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets. Further changes in interest rates, up or down, could adversely affect our net interest margin and, as a result, our net interest income. Although the yield we earn on our assets and our funding costs tend to move in the same direction in response to changes in interest rates, one can rise or fall faster than the other, causing our net interest margin to expand or contract. Our liabilities tend to be shorter in duration than our assets, so they may adjust faster in response to changes in interest rates. As a result, when interest rates rise, our funding costs may rise faster than the yield we earn on our assets, causing our net interest margin to contract until the yields on interest-earning assets catch up. Changes in the slope of the "yield curve", or the spread between short-term and long-term interest rates, could also reduce our net interest margin. Normally, the yield curve is upward sloping, meaning short-term rates are lower than long-term rates. Because our liabilities tend to be shorter in duration than our assets, when the yield curve flattens or even inverts, we could experience pressure on our net interest margin as our cost of funds increases relative to the yield we can earn on our assets.

A sustained increase in market interest rates could adversely affect our earnings. As a result of the exceptionally low interest rate environment in the years prior to 2022, a high percentage of our deposits were composed of deposits bearing no or a relatively low rate of interest and having a shorter duration than our assets. We would likely incur a higher cost of funds to retain these deposits in an elevated interest rate environment. If the interest rates paid on deposits and other borrowings increase at a faster rate than the interest rates received on loans and other investments, our net interest income, and therefore earnings, would be adversely affected.

Changes in interest rates also affect the value of our interest-earning assets, including our securities portfolio. Generally, the fair value of fixed-rate securities fluctuates inversely with changes in interest rates. Unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale are reported as a separate component of equity, net of tax. Decreases in the fair value of securities available for sale resulting from increases in interest rates could have an adverse effect on our shareholders’ equity.

Any substantial, unexpected or prolonged change in market interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Further, our interest rate risk modeling techniques and assumptions likely will not fully predict or capture the impact of actual interest rate changes on our balance sheet. See Item 7. "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Asset and Liability Management and Market Risk," in this Form 10-K for additional information.

Our enterprise risk management program may not be effective at mitigating the risks to which we are subject, based upon our size, scope, and complexity.

We have established processes and procedures intended to identify, measure, monitor, report, and analyze the types of risk to which we are subject, including capital, market, liquidity, credit, operational, compliance, legal, strategic, technology and reputational risks. Although we seek to manage our exposure to such risks, and employ a broad and diverse set of risk monitoring and mitigation techniques in the process, those techniques are inherently limited because they cannot anticipate the existence or development of risks that are currently unknown or unanticipated. Any system of control and any system to reduce risk exposure, however well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the system are met. Further, in some cases we use analytical or forecasting models in our management of risks. If the models are inadequate, or are subject to ineffective governance, our risk management program may also prove ineffective. Actions taken to mitigate identified risks may prove less effective than anticipated. If our risk management program proves ineffective, we could suffer unexpected losses and reputational damage.

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If we fail to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting or remediate any future material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, we may be unable to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud.

Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of the financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP. Effective internal control over financial reporting is necessary for us to provide reliable reports and prevent fraud. We may not be able to identify all significant deficiencies and/or material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting in the future, and our failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We have in the past identified and may in the future identify material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting, which require remediation. A material weakness is defined by the standards issued by the PCAOB as a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting that results in a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. The existence of a material weakness precludes management from concluding that internal control over financial reporting is effective and precludes our independent registered public accounting firm from rendering their report addressing an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. In addition, disclosures of deficiencies of this type in our SEC reports could cause investors to lose confidence in our financial reporting, may negatively affect the market price of our common stock, and could result in the delisting of our securities from the securities exchanges on which they trade. Moreover, effective internal controls are necessary to produce reliable financial reports and to prevent fraud. If we have deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting, such deficiencies may adversely affect us.

Our business may be adversely impacted by litigation and regulatory enforcement actions, which could expose us to significant liabilities and/or damage our reputation.

From time to time, we have and may become party to various litigation claims and legal proceedings. Our businesses involve the risk that clients or others may sue us, claiming that we have failed to perform under a contract or otherwise failed to carry out a duty perceived to be owed to them. For example, we are currently engaged in litigation with 3|5|2 Capital and Socotra, as described in more detail in Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of this Form 10-K. The risk of litigation may be heightened during periods when credit, equity or other financial markets are deteriorating in value or are particularly volatile, or when clients or investors are experiencing losses. In addition, as a publicly-traded company, we are subject to the risk of claims under the federal securities laws, and volatility in our stock price and those of other financial institutions increases this risk. Actions brought against us may result in injunctions, settlements, damages, fines or penalties, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations or require changes to our business. Even if we defend ourselves successfully, the cost of litigation may be substantial, and public reports regarding claims made against us may cause damage to our reputation among existing and prospective clients or negatively impact the confidence of counterparties, rating agencies and stockholders, consequently negatively affecting our earnings.

In the ordinary course of our business, we also are subject to various regulatory, governmental and enforcement inquiries, investigations and subpoenas. These may be directed generally to participants in the businesses in which we are involved or may be specifically directed at us. In enforcement matters, claims for disgorgement, the imposition of civil and criminal penalties and the imposition of other remedial sanctions are possible.

Actual outcomes, losses and related expenses of pending legal proceedings may differ materially from assessments and estimates, and may exceed the amount of any reserves we have established, which could adversely affect our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations.

Decreased volumes and lower gains on sales of loans could adversely impact our noninterest income.

We originate and sell one-to-four family mortgage loans. Our mortgage banking income is a significant portion of our noninterest income. We generate gains on the sale of one-to-four family mortgage loans pursuant to programs currently offered by Freddie Mac and other secondary market investors. Any future changes in their purchase programs, our eligibility to participate in such programs, the criteria for loans to be accepted or laws that significantly affect the activity of such entities could, in turn, materially adversely affect our results of operations.

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Further, in a rising or higher interest rate environment, our originations of mortgage loans may decrease, resulting in fewer loans that are available to be sold to investors. This would result in a decrease in mortgage banking revenues and a corresponding decrease in noninterest income. In addition, our results of operations are affected by the amount of noninterest expense associated with mortgage banking activities, such as salaries and employee benefits, occupancy, equipment and data processing expense and other operating costs. During periods of reduced loan demand, our results of operations may be adversely affected to the extent that we are unable to reduce expenses commensurate with the decline in loan originations. In addition, although we sell loans into the secondary market without recourse, we are required to give customary representations and warranties about the loans to the buyers. If we breach those representations and warranties, the buyers may require us to repurchase the loans and we may incur a loss on the repurchase.

A portion of our loan portfolio is serviced by third parties, which may limit our ability to foreclose on or repossess such loans.

At December 31, 2025, $141.9 million of our consumer, $24.0 million of our commercial real estate, and $13.3 million of our one-to-four family loan portfolios were serviced by third parties. When a loan goes into default, it is the responsibility of the third-party servicer to enforce the borrower’s obligation to repay the outstanding indebtedness. We are reliant on the servicer to bring the loan current, enter into a satisfactory loan modification or foreclose on the property on behalf of First Fed. We must comply with any loan modification entered into by the servicer even if we would not otherwise agree to the modified terms, which may result in a reduction in our interest income due to the loan modification. Delays in foreclosing on property, whether caused by restrictions under state or federal law or the failure of a third-party servicer to timely pursue foreclosure action, may increase our potential loss on such property, due to factors such as lack of maintenance, unpaid property taxes and adverse changes in market conditions. These delays may adversely affect our ability to limit our credit losses.

As a regulated entity, we are subject to capital requirements, and a failure to meet these standards could adversely affect our financial condition.

We are subject to certain capital and liquidity rules, which establish the minimum capital adequacy requirements and may require us to increase our regulatory capital or liquidity targets, increase regulatory capital ratios, or change how we calculate regulatory capital. We may be required to increase our capital levels, even in the absence of actual adverse economic conditions or forecasts, and enhance capital planning based on hypothetical future adverse economic scenarios. As of December 31, 2025, First Northwest and First Fed each met the minimum capital ratio requirements applicable to them and exceeded the capital conservation buffer requirement. Compliance with capital requirements may limit capital-intensive operations and increase operational costs, and we may be limited or prohibited from distributing dividends or repurchasing our stock. This could adversely affect our ability to expand or maintain present business levels, which may adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. Additional information on the regulatory capital requirements applicable to First Northwest and First Fed is set forth in Item 1, "Business – How We Are Regulated," of this Form 10-K.

As a holding company, First Northwest depends on dividends and distributions from First Fed for liquidity and to pay dividends, if any.

First Northwest derives most of its cash flow from dividends paid by First Fed. These dividends are the primary source from which we may pay dividends on our common stock, if any, and principal and interest on our debt obligations. Various federal and Washington laws and regulations, as well as regulatory expectations, limit the amount of dividends that First Fed may pay to First Northwest. See Item 1, "Business – How We Are Regulated," of this Form 10-K for a discussion of regulatory requirements applicable to dividends by First Northwest and First Fed. Through May 2025, we historically declared cash dividends on our common stock. However, we have not done so since then, as part of a prudent approach to capital management. We are not required to pay dividends and there can be no assurance we will resume doing so in the future. Failure to pay dividends could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

Our reputation is critical to our business, and damage to it could have an adverse effect on us.

A key differentiating factor for our business is the strong reputation we have built in our market. Maintaining a positive reputation is critical to attracting and retaining customers and employees. Adverse perceptions of us could make it more difficult for us to execute on our strategy. Harm to our reputation can arise from many sources, including actual or perceived employee misconduct, errors or misconduct by our third-party vendors or other counterparties, litigation (such as the litigation with 3|5|2 Capital and Socotra described in more detail in Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of this Form 10-K) or regulatory actions, our failure to meet our high customer service and quality standards, and compliance failures.

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In particular, is not always possible to prevent employee error or misconduct, and the precautions we take to prevent and detect this activity may not be effective in all cases. Because the nature of the financial services business involves a high volume of transactions, certain errors may be repeated or compounded before they are discovered and successfully rectified. Our necessary dependence upon processing systems to record and process transactions and our large transaction volume may further increase the risk that employee errors, tampering, or manipulation of those systems will result in losses that are difficult to detect. Employee error or misconduct could also subject us to financial claims. If our internal control systems fail to prevent or detect an occurrence, or if any resulting loss is not insured, exceeds applicable insurance limits, or if insurance coverage is denied or not available, it could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Additionally, as a financial institution, we are inherently exposed to operational risk in the form of theft and other fraudulent activity by employees, customers, and other third parties targeting us and our customers or data. Such activity may take many forms, including check fraud, electronic fraud, wire fraud, phishing, social engineering, and other dishonest acts. Although we devote substantial resources to maintaining effective policies and internal controls to identify and prevent such incidents, given the increasing sophistication of possible perpetrators, we may experience financial losses or reputational harm as a result of fraud.

Negative publicity about us, whether accurate or not, may also damage our reputation, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Regulatory Matters

Our lending limit may restrict our growth.

Washington law provides that Washington chartered commercial banks are subject to loans-to-one-borrower restrictions, which generally restrict total loans and extensions of credit by a bank to 20% of its unimpaired capital and surplus. As a result, under Washington law, First Fed would be limited to loans to one borrower of $43.2 million at December 31, 2025. Under its current policy, First Fed has elected to restrict its loans to one borrower to no more than 75% of the Bank's lending limit, which is adjusted quarterly and was $40.5 million at December 31, 2025, unless specifically approved by the Senior Loan Committee as an exception to policy. This amount is significantly less than that of many of our competitors and may discourage potential commercial borrowers who have credit needs in excess of our loans to one borrower lending limit from doing business with us. Our loans to one borrower restriction also impacts the efficiency of our commercial lending operation because it lowers our average loan size, which means we have to generate a higher number of transactions to achieve the same portfolio volume. We can accommodate larger loans by selling participations in those loans to other financial partners, but this strategy is not the most efficient or always available. We may not be able to attract or maintain clients seeking larger loans or may not be able to sell participations in these loans on terms we consider favorable.

We operate in a highly regulated environment and may be adversely affected by changes in laws and regulations.

We are subject to extensive examination, supervision and comprehensive regulation by the Federal Reserve, the FDIC as insurer of our deposits, and by the DFI. First Northwest is subject to regulation and supervision by the Federal Reserve (as a financial holding company) and regulation by the State of Washington (as a Washington corporation). The Bank is subject to regulation and supervision by the FDIC and the DFI. Such regulation and supervision govern the activities in which we may engage, primarily for the protection of depositors and the DIF. These regulatory authorities have extensive discretion in connection with their supervisory and enforcement activities, including the ability to impose restrictions on an institution’s operations, require additional capital, reclassify assets, determine the adequacy of an institution’s allowance for credit losses on loans and determine the level of deposit insurance premiums assessed. Any future changes to the laws, rules and regulations applicable to us could make compliance more difficult and expensive, or otherwise adversely affect our business, financial condition or prospects.

We are also subject to tax, accounting, securities, insurance, monetary laws and regulations, rules, standards, policies, and interpretations that control the methods by which financial institutions conduct business. These may change significantly over time, which could materially impact our business and have a significant adverse effect on our cost of regulatory compliance and results of operations. Further, changes in accounting standards and their interpretation may materially impact how we report, potentially retroactively, our financial condition and results of operations.

Changes in federal policy and at regulatory agencies are expected to occur over time through policy and personnel changes, which could lead to changes involving the level of oversight and focus on the financial services industry. The nature, timing, and economic and political effects of potential changes to the current legal and regulatory framework affecting financial institutions remain highly uncertain. If changes to laws, rules and/or regulations applicable to us are made, such changes could offset the otherwise anticipated increase in operating and compliance costs (included in noninterest expense); however, no assurance can be given as to whether such changes will occur or what may result from such changes.

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We are subject to laws regarding the privacy, information security, and protection of personal information, and any violation of these laws or other incidents involving personal, confidential, or proprietary information of individuals could damage our reputation and otherwise adversely affect our business.

Our business requires the collection and retention of large volumes of customer data, including personally identifiable information ("PII"), in various information systems that we maintain and in those maintained by third-party service providers. We also maintain important internal company data such as PII about our employees and information relating to our operations. We are subject to complex and evolving laws and regulations governing the privacy and protection of PII of individuals (including customers, employees, and other third parties). For example, our business is subject to the GLBA, which, among other things: (i) imposes certain limitations on our ability to share nonpublic PII about our customers with nonaffiliated third parties; (ii) requires that we provide certain disclosures to customers about our information collection, sharing, and security practices and afford customers the right to "opt out" of any information sharing by us with nonaffiliated third parties (with certain exceptions); and (iii) requires that we develop, implement, and maintain a written comprehensive information security program containing appropriate safeguards based on our size and complexity, the nature and scope of our activities, and the sensitivity of customer information we process, as well as plans for responding to data security breaches. Various federal and state banking regulators and states have also enacted data breach notification requirements with varying levels of individual, consumer, regulatory, or law enforcement notification in the event of a security breach. For example, the California Consumer Privacy Act grants California residents the rights to know about personal information collected about them, to delete certain of this personal information, to opt out of the sale of personal information, and to non-discrimination for exercising these rights.

Ensuring that our collection, use, transfer, and storage of PII complies with all applicable laws and regulations can increase our costs. Furthermore, we may not be able to ensure that customers and other third parties have appropriate controls in place to protect the confidentiality of the information that they exchange with us, particularly where such information is transmitted by electronic means. If personal, confidential, or proprietary information of customers or others were to be mishandled or misused (in situations where, for example, such information was erroneously provided to parties who are not permitted to have the information, or where such information was intercepted or otherwise compromised by third parties), we could be exposed to litigation or regulatory sanctions under privacy and data protection laws and regulations. Concerns regarding the effectiveness of our measures to safeguard PII, or even the perception that such measures are inadequate, could cause us to lose customers or potential customers and thereby reduce our revenues. Accordingly, any failure or perceived failure to comply with applicable privacy or data protection laws and regulations may subject us to inquiries, examinations, and investigations that could result in requirements to modify or cease certain operations or practices or in significant liabilities, fines, or penalties, and could damage our reputation and otherwise adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We are subject to numerous fair lending laws and other laws and regulations designed to protect consumers, and failure to comply with these laws could lead to a wide variety of sanctions.

We are subject to extensive and evolving federal and state fair lending laws and regulations. For example, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Housing Act, and other fair lending laws and regulations, including state laws and regulations, prohibit discriminatory lending practices by financial institutions. The FDIC, the U.S. Department of Justice, and other federal and state agencies are responsible for enforcing these laws and regulations. A successful regulatory challenge to an institution’s compliance with fair lending or consumer protection laws and regulations could result in a wide variety of sanctions, including damages and civil money penalties, injunctive relief, restrictions on mergers and acquisitions activity, restrictions on expansion, and restrictions on entering new business lines. Private parties may also have the ability to challenge an institution’s performance under fair lending laws in private litigation, including through class action litigation. In addition, an institution’s receipt of a less-than-Satisfactory CRA rating, which could result from a violation of fair lending or consumer protection laws or from an unsatisfactory record of meeting the credit needs of low- and moderate-income communities, could similarly result in an inability of the institution to engage in mergers or other expansionary activity. Such actions and limitations could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

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General Risk Factors

We are dependent on key personnel and the loss of one or more of those key persons may materially and adversely affect our prospects.

We rely heavily on the efforts and abilities of our executive officers, and certain other key management personnel, which make up our management team. As previously disclosed, the former President, Chief Executive Officer and member of the Board of Directors departed effective July 12, 2025. In addition, the former Chief Banking Officer of First Fed retired on July 2, 2025, and the former Chief Strategy Officer of First Fed departed on August 9, 2025. Subsequent to year-end, the former Chief Operating Officer departed on February 4, 2026. The loss of the services of these individuals, and the potential loss of any of our current management team, could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. While we believe that our relationship with our remaining management team is good, we cannot guarantee that all members of our management team will remain with our organization. The ability to attract, retain, and season replacements to our management team presents risks to executing our business plan.

Our consideration of whole bank, branch acquisitions, or fintech partnerships in the future may expose us to financial, execution and operational risks that could adversely affect us.

We may evaluate supplementing organic growth by acquiring other financial institutions or their businesses that we believe will help us fulfill our strategic objectives and enhance our earnings. There are risks associated with this strategy, however, including the following:

• We may be exposed to potential asset quality issues or unknown or contingent liabilities of the financial institutions, businesses, assets and liabilities we acquire. If these issues or liabilities exceed our estimates, our results of operations and financial condition may be materially negatively affected;
• The acquisition of other entities generally requires integration of systems, procedures and personnel of the acquired entity into our company to make the transaction economically successful. This integration process is complicated and time consuming and can also be disruptive to the customers of the acquired business. If the integration process is not conducted successfully, we may not realize the anticipated economic benefits of particular acquisitions within the expected time frame, and we may lose customers or employees of the acquired business. We may also experience greater than anticipated customer losses even if the integration process is successful;
• To finance a future acquisition, we may borrow funds, thereby increasing our leverage and diminishing our liquidity, or raise additional capital, which could dilute the interests of our existing shareholders; and
• If market or regulatory conditions change, we may be unable to successfully compete for, complete, or integrate potential future acquisitions as anticipated or at all. Downturns in the stock market and the market price of our stock, changes in our capital position, heightened regulatory scrutiny, and changes in our regulatory standing could each have a negative impact on our ability to complete future acquisitions.

Our expansion strategy will cause our expenses to increase and may negatively affect our earnings.

Over the past eight years, we have opened four new full-service branches and three business centers. We also acquired a branch from another financial institution in 2021. We may continue to open or purchase new branches and lending centers, and the success of our expansion strategy into new markets is contingent upon numerous factors, such as our ability to select suitable locations, assess each market's competitive environment, secure managerial resources, hire and retain qualified personnel and implement effective marketing strategies. The opening of new offices may not increase the volume of our loans and deposits as quickly or to the degree that we projected and opening new offices will increase our operating expenses. The cost of opening additional de novo branches and lending centers is uncertain, and projected timelines and estimated dollar amounts involved in opening new offices could differ significantly from actual results. In addition, we may not successfully manage the costs and implementation risks associated with our branching strategy. Accordingly, any new branch or lending center may negatively impact our earnings for some period of time until the office reaches certain economies of scale, and there is a risk that our new offices will not be successful even after they have been established. For example, the branch acquired in 2021 will be closed effective April 30, 2026.

We may also expand our digital footprint through technology or partnerships. The new technology and companies we invest in may not be as successful as anticipated or may fail, resulting in a total loss of our related investment.

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The price of our common stock may be volatile or may decline.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, our stock price fluctuated from a low of $6.96 to a high of $11.88. The price of our common stock may fluctuate in response to various factors, some of which are outside our control. These factors include the risk factors discussed herein, as well as:

• actual or anticipated quarterly fluctuations in our results of operations and financial condition;
• changes in revenue or earnings estimates or publication of research reports and recommendations by financial analysts and rating agencies;
• speculation or changes in perception in the press or investment community;
• strategic actions and announcements by us or our competitors, such as acquisitions or restructurings;
• actions by institutional stockholders;
• addition or departure of key personnel;
• fluctuations in the stock price and operating results of our competitors;
• general market conditions and, in particular, market conditions in the financial services industry;
• anticipated, proposed or adopted regulatory changes or developments;
• cyclical fluctuations;
• trading volume of our common stock; and
• anticipated or pending investigations, proceedings or litigation that involve or affect us.

Industry factors, general economic and political conditions and events, such as cybersecurity incidents or terrorist attacks, economic downturn or recessions, interest rate changes, credit default trends, currency fluctuations, changes to fiscal, monetary or trade policies, or public health issues could also cause our stock price to decline regardless of our operating results. A significant decline in our stock price could result in substantial losses for stockholders.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

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Item 1C. Cybersecurity

The Company recognizes cybersecurity as a critical risk to its operations and the management of this risk is a top priority. We are committed to protecting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our customer information, information systems, data, and assets from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction. The Company adheres to cybersecurity industry best practices such as the National Institute of Standards and Technology cybersecurity framework and Federal Financial Institutions Examinations Council ("FFIEC") guidance. The Company completed its transition from NIST cybersecurity framework version 1.1 to version 2.0 and updated its controls to align with the current version. Company management has integrated its processes for assessing, identifying, and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats into the Company’s overall risk management program, including regularly conducting risk assessments and gap analyses in order to identify and prioritize cybersecurity threats and vulnerabilities across our entire digital estate which is comprised of our IT infrastructure as well cloud-based applications and storage. These assessments consider industry best practices, evolving threats, and the specific needs of our business.

The Company implements a defense in depth, or layered, approach to security controls, including network security, intrusion detection and prevention, anomaly detection, endpoint security, data encryption, identity and access management, and security awareness training. Staff evaluate and update our controls on an ongoing basis to address emerging threats. We have a documented incident response plan in place to identify, contain, and remediate cybersecurity incidents. The plan includes roles and responsibilities for key personnel, communication protocols, and procedures for recovery and notification. We also maintain business continuity, crisis management, and disaster recovery plans to ensure the continued operation of critical business functions in the event of a major disruption, including a cyberattack, which are tested regularly through tabletop exercises, simulations, parallel testing, and functional testing.

The Company adheres to a continuous improvement philosophy regarding cybersecurity and leverages external experts, consultants, auditors, and assessors on a regular basis to complement the internal staff in identifying and remediating any gaps in the Company’s cybersecurity program.

The Company has a well-defined and mature vendor management program that includes controls to address third-party cybersecurity risks throughout the vendor management lifecycle.

The Board has oversight responsibility for enterprise-wide risks, including cybersecurity risks. The Audit Committee, a designated committee of the Board, is responsible for overseeing the Company's cybersecurity risk management program and reviewing its effectiveness. The Information Security Officer ("ISO") is responsible for assessing and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats, with a dedicated staff of internal and external information security professionals. The ISO is a Systems Security Certified Practitioner and Certified Information Systems Security Professional with over 13 years of education, training and experience managing technology and cybersecurity risks, including nine years of experience in the banking industry specifically. The ISO regularly updates executive and senior management, including the Bank's Enterprise Risk Management Committee, as well as the Board Audit Committee on cybersecurity risks and mitigation strategies. The Company has implemented internal controls to address the effectiveness of our cybersecurity program. These controls include risk assessments, vulnerability assessments and scans, periodic audits, and periodic penetration testing.

We are committed to disclosing material cybersecurity incidents to investors and other stakeholders in a timely and transparent manner in compliance with applicable regulations and in keeping with market practices. Management will assess the materiality of a cybersecurity incident based on its potential impact on our financial condition, results of operations, reputation, or ability to meet our business objectives. The Company is not aware of any current cybersecurity threats that are reasonably likely to affect the Company’s business strategy, results of operations or financial condition.

See "We are subject to certain risks in connection with our use of networks and technology systems" in Item 1A. Risk Factors of this Form 10-K for additional information regarding the risks we face from cybersecurity threats.

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Item 2. Properties

The Company's main administrative office is located at 105 West Eighth Street, Port Angeles, WA 98362. As of December 31, 2025, we conducted our business through twelve branch offices located in Clallam, Jefferson, King, Kitsap, and Whatcom Counties, Washington; one business center located in King County, Washington; one business center in Snohomish County, Washington; one business center in Whatcom County, Washington; and our main administrative office and a business center located in Clallam County, Washington. The branch located in King County will close on April 30, 2026. The Company currently owns the main administrative office and the Clallam County business center. The remaining twelve branch offices and three business centers are leased. The net book value of the Company’s properties totaled $6.7 million at December 31, 2025. We believe that these facilities and additional or alternative space available to us are adequate to meet our needs for the foreseeable future. Additional information is presented in Note 5 - Premises and Equipment and Note 6 - Leases of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in "Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data."

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, the Company is engaged in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business, none of which are currently considered to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operation, or liquidity, other than the matters discussed in Note 14 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in "Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.".

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable

PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Market and Holder Information. Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC’s Global Market, under the symbol "FNWB." As of the close of business on March 5, 2026, there were 9,450,547 shares of common stock issued and outstanding and we had approximately 432 shareholders of record. The actual number of shareholders is greater than this number of record holders and includes shareholders who are beneficial owners but whose shares are held in street name by banks, brokers and other nominees.

Through May 2025, we historically declared cash dividends on our common stock. However, we have not done so since then, as part of a prudent approach to capital management. Our cash dividend policy is reviewed regularly by management and the Board of Directors. Any dividends declared and paid in the future would depend upon a number of factors, including capital requirements, our financial condition and results of operations, tax considerations, statutory and regulatory limitations, and general economic conditions. No assurances can be given that any dividends will be paid or that, if paid, will not be reduced or eliminated in future periods. See Item 1, "Business – How We Are Regulated," of this Form 10-K for a discussion of regulatory requirements applicable to dividends by First Northwest and First Fed.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities. The Company's repurchase programs permit shares to be repurchased in the open market or private transactions, through block trades, and pursuant to any trading plan that may be adopted in accordance with the SEC's Rule 10b5-1. On April 25, 2024, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had authorized the repurchase and retirement of up to an additional 944,279 shares of its common stock. As of December 31, 2025, a total of 98,156 shares authorized in the April 2024 stock repurchase plan have been purchased at an average cost of $10.23 per share, leaving 846,123 shares available for future purchases. No shares were repurchased pursuant to the April 2024 stock repurchase plan during the fourth quarter of 2025.

Item 6. [Reserved]

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This discussion and analysis reviews our consolidated financial statements and other relevant statistical data and is intended to enhance your understanding of our financial condition and results of operations. The information in this section has been derived from the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto that appear in "Part II. Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" of this Form 10-K. The information contained in this section should be read in conjunction with these Consolidated Financial Statements and notes and the business and financial information provided in this Form 10-K.

General

First Northwest is a bank holding company and a financial holding company. First Northwest is engaged in banking activities through its wholly owned subsidiary, First Fed, as well as certain non-banking financial activities. Non-banking investments include several limited partnership investments.

First Fed is a community-oriented commercial bank serving Clallam, Jefferson, King, Kitsap, Snohomish, and Whatcom counties in Washington State, through its twelve full-service branches and five business centers, including our headquarters. We offer a wide range of products and services focused on the lending, deposit and money movement needs of the communities we serve. To diversify our portfolio and increase interest income, we increased our origination of commercial real estate, multi-family real estate, and commercial business loans. We also increased our auto and consumer loans through purchased auto loan programs and purchased manufactured homes. We continue to originate one-to-four family residential mortgage loans, primarily for sale into the secondary market to generate noninterest gain on sale and servicing fee revenue and manage interest rate risk or retain select loans in our portfolio to enhance interest income. Home equity, residential construction and commercial construction loans are also originated primarily in Western Washington. We offer traditional consumer and business deposit products, including transaction accounts, savings and money market accounts and certificates of deposit for individuals, businesses and nonprofit organizations. Deposits are our primary source of funding for our lending and investing activities. First Fed has a limited partnership investment in the Canapi Ventures SBIC Fund II, LP. First Fed also has a limited partnership investment in the Hero Fund which was previously held by First Northwest. The Hero Fund is a private commercial lender focused on lower-middle market businesses, primarily in the Pacific Northwest. Subsequent to year end, the Bank signed a redemption agreement which sets forth the path to unwind its investment in the Hero Fund through capital distributions beginning in April 2026.

First Northwest's limited partnership investments include Canapi Ventures; BankTech Ventures, LP; and JAM FINTOP Frontier Fund, LP. These limited partnerships invest in fintech-related businesses with a focus on developing digital solutions applicable to the banking industry. In 2022, First Northwest acquired a 33% interest in MWG, a boutique investment bank and consulting firm focused on providing entrepreneurs with resources to help them succeed. Also in 2022, the Company acquired a 25% equity interest as a general partner in Meriwether Group Capital, LLC ("MWGC"), which provides financial advice for borrowers and capital for the Hero Fund. MWG also holds a 20% general partner interest in MWGC. MWGC holds a 0.01% general partner interest in the Hero Fund. Subsequent to year end, the Company redeemed its interest in MWGC in full at par.

First Fed is impacted by prevailing economic conditions as well as government policies and regulations concerning, among other things, monetary and fiscal policy, including fiscal stimulus, interest rate policy and open market operations, housing, and consumer protection. Deposit flows are influenced by various factors, including changes in market rates; sales and marketing efforts; interest rates paid by competitors; available alternative investments such as money market mutual funds, the stock and bond markets; account maturities; government stimulus and unemployment programs; and the overall level of personal income and savings. Lending activities are influenced by prevailing interest rates and property values in our markets, the demand for funds, the number and quality of lenders employed by First Fed, and both regional and national economic cycles.

Our primary source of pre-tax income is net interest income. Net interest income is the difference between interest income earned on our loans and investments less interest expense paid on our deposits and borrowings. Changes in levels of interest rates may impact our net interest income. A secondary source of income is noninterest income, which includes revenue we receive from providing products and services, including service charges on deposit accounts, debit card interchange income, mortgage banking income, treasury and other commercial banking related fees, earnings from bank-owned life insurance, loan servicing income, earnings from equity and partnership investments, and gains and losses from the sale of loans and securities.

An offset to net interest income is the provision for credit losses, which represents the periodic charge to operations required to adequately provide for probable losses inherent in our loan, unfunded commitments and investment portfolios through our allowance for credit losses. A recapture of previously recognized provision for credit losses may be added to net interest income if forecasted macroeconomic factors improve, underlying balances decrease, or recoveries of amounts previously charged off are received.

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The noninterest expenses incurred in operating our business consist of salaries and employee benefit costs, occupancy and equipment expenses, professional fees, deposit insurance premiums and regulatory assessments, digital delivery and data processing expenses, marketing and other customer acquisition expenses, expenses related to real estate and personal property owned, state and local taxes, federal income tax, and other miscellaneous expenses.

Our Business and Operating Strategy

Our objective is to be an independent, high performing bank focused on meeting the needs of individuals, small businesses and community organizations throughout our market areas with exceptional service and competitive products. We have adopted three strategic pillars that will be our focus in the upcoming years: process and data improvement to drive efficiencies, build a resilient core deposit base and grow the organic loan portfolio.

Establish a disciplined enterprise-wide approach to data, analytics and process design for scalable growth and an efficient operating platform:

• Enhancing customer experience. We believe that continued investment in the digital and physical interfaces that connect customers to our products and services positions us to compete and grow in an increasingly technology-driven environment. We intend to strengthen our online presence and engage in digital strategies that will help us successfully compete in an ever-changing digital marketplace. To enable these initiatives, we are enhancing our data infrastructure with modern architecture to support the delivery of more personalized and valued products and services through both digital and in-person interactions.
• Creating operating leverage. We will continue to pursue opportunities to improve operational efficiency. We believe recent technology investments may also contribute to additional efficiencies. We have undertaken a broad process improvement initiative and a key component of future technology investments will focus on refining processes and improving synergy between systems to support our team members and enhance execution of their responsibilities.

Strengthen and diversify the Bank’s core funding base with a focus on relationship-based deposits:

• **Attracting core deposits and other deposit products.**We emphasize relationship banking with our customers to obtain a greater share of their deposits, with specific emphasis on primary transaction accounts. We believe this emphasis will help to increase our level of core deposits. In addition to our retail branches, we offer digital delivery solutions, such as personal financial management, business online banking, business remote deposit products, mobile remote deposit services through personal devices, consumer credit score access, real-time account-to-account transfer services between First Fed and other banks, and real-time person-to-person funds transfer, enabling us to compete effectively with banks of all sizes. We enhanced our mobile banking platform, online account opening solutions, foreign exchange capabilities and upgraded our business on-line banking platform to attract and better serve customers who prefer digital banking channels, which is a growing demographic in our area.
• Expanding offerings to small-to-medium sized business. Another priority for the Company is expanding offerings for small-to-medium sized business with a focus on entrepreneurs. We intend to accomplish this through the commercial team, with a focus on systems and support. For small-to-medium sized businesses, we believe there are multiple opportunities in payment processing for ACH, check, wire transfers, international payments and debit card interchange. In addition, we intend to build out our capabilities for accounts payable and receivable, payroll, merchant card acquisition and corporate card spend management solutions.
• Hiring experienced employees with a customer sales and service focus. Our goal is to compete by relying on the strength of our customer service and relationship building. We believe that our ability to continue to attract and retain banking professionals who have significant knowledge of existing and new market areas, possess strong commercial banking sales and service skills, and maintain a focus on community relationships will enhance our success. We intend to hire community bankers and lenders who are established in their communities to enhance our market position and add profitable growth opportunities as needed.

Continued focus on high-quality loan growth through relationship-based lending in core markets:

• **Remixing our loan portfolio.**Through organic loan originations, we intend to increase the proportion of our loan portfolio consisting of higher-yielding commercial business loans. These loan types generally offer higher risk-adjusted returns and shorter maturities, which increase the portfolio's ability to reprice in changing interest rate environments. The shorter duration until maturity or renewal allow for more frequent repricing opportunities, allowing yields to better align with prevailing market conditions compared to traditional fixed-rate, one-to-four family residential loans.

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• Maintaining our focus on asset quality. Maintaining strong asset quality is a key to our long-term financial success. We are focused on monitoring existing performing loans and resolving nonperforming loans. Nonperforming assets were $24.0 million at December 31, 2025 and $30.5 million at December 31, 2024. The current year decrease was primarily due to the legal settlement relating to certain of the Water Station loans, which resulted in the Bank receiving partial payments and charging-off the remaining balances. We are taking proactive steps to resolve our nonperforming loans, including negotiating repayment plans, forbearances, loan modifications and loan extensions with our borrowers when appropriate. We also retain the services of independent firms to periodically review segments of our loan portfolio and provide feedback regarding our loan policies and procedures.
• Remaining open to alternative lending opportunities. We strive to grow the balance sheet and leverage capital in a safe and sound manner and believe that lending opportunities outside of organic originations may be a valuable source of interest income. We successfully increased our auto loan portfolio through our partnership with Woodside and our manufactured home loan portfolio through our partnership with Triad Financial Services. We may continue to explore other opportunities such as these as a means to improve net income and supplement organic loan originations.

Critical Accounting Policies

We have certain accounting policies that are important to the assessment of our financial condition, since they require management to make difficult, complex or subjective judgments, some of which may relate to matters that are inherently uncertain. Estimates associated with these policies are susceptible to material changes as a result of changes in facts and circumstances. Facts and circumstances which could affect these judgments include, but are not limited to, changes in interest rates, changes in the performance of the economy and changes in the financial condition of borrowers. Our accounting policies are discussed in detail in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" of this Form 10-K.

The following represent our critical accounting policies:

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans. The ACLL is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost of loans receivable to present the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance is established through the provision for credit losses on loans, which is charged to income. Determining the amount of the ACLL necessarily involves a high degree of judgment. Management has adopted a discounted cash flow ("DCF") methodology for most of its segments to calculate the ACLL. For certain segments with smaller portfolios or where data is prohibitive to running a DCF calculation, management has elected to use a remaining life methodology. The Company also uses established metrics to estimate qualitative risk factors by segment based on the identified risk. The Company evaluates individual loans for expected credit losses when those loans do not share similar risk characteristics with loans evaluated using a collective (pooled) basis using either a collateral value or cash flow method. All of the factors used in these methodologies are susceptible to significant change. Management reviews and approves, at least quarterly, the level of the allowance and the provision for credit losses on loans based on anticipated future economic conditions and other factors related to the collectability of the loan portfolio. Although we believe that we use the best information available to establish the allowance for credit losses on loans, future economic or other conditions may differ substantially from the assumptions used in making the evaluation. The FDIC and the DFI, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review our ACLL and may require us to recognize adjustments to the allowance based on their judgment about information available at the time of their examination. A large loss could deplete the allowance and require increased provisions for credit losses on loans to replenish the allowance, which would adversely affect earnings. Management considers the ACLL to be a critical accounting estimate. Our accounting policies are discussed in detail in Notes 1 and 4 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" of this Form 10-K.

Income Taxes. First Fed accounts for income taxes in accordance with the provisions of ASC 740-10, Income Taxes, which requires the use of the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for their future tax consequences, attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

Fair Value. Fair values of financial instruments are estimated using relevant market information and other assumptions. Fair value estimates involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment regarding interest rates, credit risk, prepayments, and other factors, especially in the absence of broad markets for particular items. Changes in assumptions or in market conditions could significantly affect these estimates. In the absence of quoted market prices, management determines the fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities using valuation models or third-party pricing services.

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New Accounting Pronouncements

For a discussion of new accounting pronouncements and their impact on the Company, see Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" of this Form 10-K.

Comparison of Financial Condition at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024

Assets*.* Total assets decreased $124.1 million, or 5.6%, to $2.11 billion at December 31, 2025, from $2.23 billion at December 31, 2024.

Cash and cash equivalents increased by $12.7 million, or 17.5%, to $85.1 million as of December 31, 2025, compared to $72.5 million at December 31, 2024. Interest-bearing deposits in banks increased $14.0 million, improving on-hand liquidity at year end.

Total investment securities decreased $70.0 million, or 20.6%, to $270.3 million at December 31, 2025, from $340.3 million at December 31, 2024. The year-over-year decrease was primarily due to maturities and early redemptions totaling $65.8 million and $20.1 million of principal payments received. These items were partially offset by an increase in the portfolio market value of $10.4 million, which was mainly driven by changes in long-term interest rates.

The estimated average life of the total investment securities portfolio was 6.5 years as of December 31, 2025, compared to 6.9 years as of December 31, 2024, and the average repricing term was approximately 6.7 years as of December 31, 2025, compared to 5.3 years as of December 31, 2024, based on the interest rate environments at those times. Expected duration of the portfolio has increased to 4.6 years as of December 31, 2025, compared to 3.9 years as of December 31, 2024. If prevailing market interest rates fall, we expect prepayments will accelerate due to the current coupons of fixed rate bonds. We anticipate the investment portfolio will continue to provide supplemental interest income and act as a source of liquidity.

MBS represent the largest portion of our investment portfolio and totaled $125.1 million at December 31, 2025, a decrease of $45.3 million, or 26.6%, from $170.3 million at December 31, 2024. Municipal bonds are the second largest segment, totaling $80.3 million at December 31, 2025, an increase of $2.4 million, or 3.1%, from $77.9 million at December 31, 2024. Other investment securities totaled $65.0 million at December 31, 2025, a decrease of $27.2 million, or 29.5%, from $92.2 million at December 31, 2024. Included in MBS non-agency were $13.9 million of commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS"), of which 87.3% were in "A" tranches with the remaining 12.7% in "B" tranches. Our largest exposure in the CMBS portfolio was to long-term care facilities, which comprised 50.9%, or $7.1 million, of our private label CMBS securities. All of the CMBS had credit enhancements ranging from 30.8% to 93.1%, with a weighted-average credit enhancement of 66.3%, that further reduced the risk of loss on these investments.

At December 31, 2025, the investment portfolio contained 54.2% of amortizing securities, compared to 60.2% at December 31, 2024. The projected average life of our securities may vary due to prepayment activity, which, particularly in the MBS portfolio, is generally affected by changing interest rates. We may purchase investment securities as a source of additional interest income. For additional information, see Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of this Form 10-K.

Total loans, excluding loans held for sale, decreased $67.7 million, or 4.0%, during the year ended December 31, 2025. Auto and other consumer loans increased $14.6 million, or 5.4%, with the purchases of specialty auto loans and individual manufactured home loans. Commercial real estate loans increased $12.3 million as new loan originations of $53.4 million exceeded payment activity. Multi-family real estate loans decreased $44.1 million as a result of payoffs and regular payments exceeding $11.1 million of construction loans converting into permanent amortizing loans and $2.7 million of new originations. Commercial business loans decreased $21.2 million as payments, maturities, charge-offs and a decrease in Northpointe MPP exceeded $26.0 million of advances on new and existing lines of credit, $5.2 million of equipment loan originations and $1.6 million of Bankers Healthcare Group loan purchases.

One-to-four family residential loans decreased $18.6 million, or 4.7%, with payoffs and regular payments exceeding $10.9 million in construction loans converting to permanent amortizing loans during the year and $7.5 million of new originations. We continue to focus on the origination of one-to-four family mortgage loans with the intention of selling the majority of our saleable production to Freddie Mac and other investors, while retaining certain adjustable-rate loans that may not be readily sold in the secondary market.

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Construction and land loans decreased $16.8 million, or 21.6%, with $22.9 million converting into fully amortizing loans partially offset by draws on new and existing commitments. Undisbursed construction commitments totaled $49.5 million at December 31, 2025 compared to $51.7 million at December 31, 2024. Undisbursed construction commitments at December 31, 2025 included $14.6 million of commercial real estate construction, $23.1 million of mainly custom one-to-four family residential construction, and $11.8 million of multi-family construction. Our construction loans are geographically disbursed throughout the state of Washington with one project in California. All construction projects are monitored by either a third-party firm or our internal construction administration team. Projects with larger loan commitments have more robust monitoring by firms with more services and expertise.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company originated $213.1 million of loans, of which $117.0 million, or 54.9%, were originated in the Puget Sound region; $50.5 million, or 23.7%, in the Olympic Peninsula region; $27.3 million, or 12.8%, in other areas in Washington; and $18.3 million, or 8.6%, in other states. The Company also purchased loans totaling $77.9 million with the largest concentration of these loans located in California. We will continue to strategically assess our lending strategies across all product lines and markets where we do business as well as evaluate opportunities to supplement organic originations through wholesale acquisitions with a goal of improving earnings while also prudently managing credit risk.

Loans receivable, excluding loans held for sale, consisted of the following at the dates indicated:

(dollars in thousands) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Real Estate: ****
One-to-four family $ 376,731 $ 395,315
Multi-family 288,529 332,596
Commercial real estate 402,683 390,379
Construction and land 61,268 78,110
Total real estate loans 1,129,211 1,196,400
Consumer: ****
Home equity 85,088 79,054
Auto and other consumer 283,502 268,876
Total consumer loans 368,590 347,930
Commercial business loans 130,311 151,493
Total loans 1,628,112 1,695,823
Less: ****
Derivative basis adjustment (903 ) 188
Allowance for credit losses on loans 16,987 20,449
Total loans receivable, net $ 1,612,028 $ 1,675,186

Our ACLL decreased $3.5 million, or 16.9%, during the year ended December 31, 2025, primarily due to a reduction in the reserves on individually evaluated loans, lower pooled loan reserve balances and a decrease in the loss factors applied to one-to-four family and other consumer loan balances. Asset quality improved with decreases in past due, nonaccrual and classified assets compared to the total loan portfolio. Management continues to closely monitor economic conditions for potential weaknesses that could expose the loan portfolio to losses. The ACLL as a percentage of total loans was 1.04% at December 31, 2025 and 1.21% at December 31, 2024. We believe our ACLL is adequate to cover current expected credit losses in the loan portfolio.

Nonperforming loans decreased $7.9 million, or 26.0%, during the year ended December 31, 2025 to $22.6 million. This decrease was mainly the result of decreases in commercial construction of $14.4 million, partially offset by increases in nonperforming commercial real estate of $4.2 million, commercial business of $1.2 million, one-to-four family of $795,000, auto and other consumer of $386,000 and home equity loans of $2,000. Nonperforming loans to total loans was 1.39% at December 31, 2025, an increase from 1.80% at December 31, 2024.

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At December 31, 2025, classified loans, consisting solely of substandard loans, decreased by $7.2 million, or 17.0%, to $35.3 million at December 31, 2025, from $42.5 million at December 31, 2024. Changes in previously identified classified loans include $7.3 million of payments and sale proceeds received on a commercial construction loan, $5.6 million in charge-offs on a commercial real estate relationship, $4.0 million of payments received and an additional charge-off of $1.9 million on another commercial construction loan, $2.6 million of payments received on a group commercial business loans and an additional $700,000 charge-off followed by $1.4 million of sale proceeds on a commercial business loan. The decreases from previously identified classified loans were partially offset by downgrades of two commercial real estate loans totaling $16.0 million. Over 77% of the classified loan balance at December 31, 2025, is comprised of the following relationships: a $12.5 million commercial real estate loan relationship, which became classified in the fourth quarter of 2025; a $6.3 million commercial real estate loan relationship, which became classified in the third quarter of 2024; a $5.1 million construction loan relationship, which became a classified loan in the fourth quarter of 2022; and a $3.4 million commercial real estate loan relationship, which became classified in the second quarter of 2025. The Bank has exercised legal remedies, including the appointment of a third-party receiver and foreclosure actions, to liquidate the underlying collateral to satisfy the real estate loans in the third largest of these three collateral-dependent relationships.

At December 31, 2025, the Bank held $1.4 million of real estate owned ("REO") included in "prepaid expenses and other assets" on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. REO was comprised of five residential real estate properties, all located in Washington State. One property is expected to be listed for sale in early 2026. The four remaining properties will be held until July 2026, at which time they will be listed for sale.

Liabilities. Total liabilities decreased $127.5 million, or 6.1%, to $1.95 billion at December 31, 2025, from $2.08 billion at December 31, 2024, with decreases in both deposits and borrowings.

Deposit account balances decreased $88.9 million, or 5.3%, to $1.6 billion at December 31, 2025 from $1.69 billion at December 31, 2024. Money market accounts increased $37.3 million, savings accounts increased $34.2 million, while transaction accounts decreased $32.4 million. Customer CDs decreased $31.7 million, or 6.8%, to $433.3 million and Brokered CDs decreased $96.4 million, or 52.7%, to $86.5 million at December 31, 2025. Competition for deposits across the industry continues to pose deposit retention challenges. Our focus continues to be on increasing core customer deposits, with an emphasis on small-to-medium sized business deposits, digital accounts and maintaining a stable source of funding to reduce interest expense as a percentage of liabilities.

Borrowings decreased $27.9 million, or 8.3%, to $308.1 million at December 31, 2025, from $336.0 million at December 31, 2024. Higher levels of cash and cash equivalents reduced reliance on FHLB overnight advances resulting in a $30.0 million decrease compared to the prior year end.

Equity***.*** Total shareholders' equity increased $3.4 million, or 2.2%, to $157.3 million at December 31, 2025, from $153.9 million at December 31, 2024. The increase during the year resulted from a $7.8 million reduction in accumulated other comprehensive loss related to an improved unrealized market value of available for sale securities, net of tax, and an increase of $1.2 million related to share-based compensation plans. These increases were partially offset by a net loss of $4.2 million and $1.3 million in dividends paid in 2025. During the year ended December 31, 2025, no shares of common stock were repurchased under the Company's April 2024 Stock Repurchase Plan (the "Repurchase Plan"). There are 846,123 shares that remain available for repurchase under the Repurchase Plan.

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Comparison of Results of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2025 and 2024

General. The Company generated a loss on average assets of -0.20%, and a loss on average equity of -2.74%, for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to a loss on average assets of -0.30% and a loss on average equity of -4.09% for the year ended December 31, 2024. Net income increased $2.4 million compared to 2024. We recorded a loss of $0.48 per common and diluted share for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to a loss of $0.75 per common and diluted share for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Net Interest Income. Net interest income increased $979,000, or 1.7%, to $57.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, from $56.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, as decreases in rates paid outpaced decreases in yields earned. The $5.3 million decrease in interest income was largely attributable to changes in loans receivable with an average balance decrease of $57.1 million, at an average yield of 5.54%, for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to an average yield of 5.56%, for the year ended December 31, 2024. Loans receivable was the main contributor to the decrease in interest income with $3.2 million due to a decrease in average loan balances and $307,000 due to lower yields.

Interest expense decreased $6.3 million. The decrease to the cost of average interest-bearing liabilities for the year ended December 31, 2025 was due primarily to lower costs of $4.6 million from reduced brokered CD average balances and lower costs of $3.3 million on reduced rates paid for all interest-bearing deposits and advances. Interest-bearing liability costs decreased to 2.94% for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to 3.22% for the year ended December 31, 2024. The reduced liability costs contributed to a 14 basis point increase in our net interest margin to 2.88% for the year ended December 31, 2025, from 2.74% for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Interest Income. Interest income decreased $5.3 million, or 4.8%, to $107.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 from $112.3 million for the comparable period in 2024, primarily due to a decrease in the average balance of and lower yields on loans receivable. Interest and fees on loans receivable decreased $3.5 million during the year, driven largely by reductions in the construction loan, multi‑family loan, and Northpointe MPP participation portfolios, partially offset by increased balances in the commercial real estate and purchased manufactured home loan portfolios. Loan yields decreased by 2 basis points year-over-year. The fair value hedge on loans added $392,000 to interest income for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to $1.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Interest income on investment securities decreased $1.5 million to $13.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to $15.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The decrease in interest income on investment securities was driven by a decrease in the average yield during the year of 38 basis points as higher-yielding investments matured. The fair value hedge on investments added $142,000 and $621,000 to interest income for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

The following table compares average earning asset balances, associated yields, and resulting changes in interest income for the periods shown:

Year Ended December 31,
2025 2024
(dollars in thousands) Average Balance Outstanding Yield Average Balance Outstanding Yield Increase/ (Decrease) in Interest Income
Loans receivable, net $ 1,629,888 5.54 % $ 1,686,972 5.56 % $ (3,462 )
Investment securities 303,501 4.44 311,434 4.82 (1,541 )
FHLB stock 12,706 9.30 12,986 9.36 (33 )
Interest-earning deposits in banks 46,708 4.38 43,934 5.34 (303 )
Total interest-earning assets $ 1,992,803 5.37 % $ 2,055,326 5.47 % $ (5,339 )

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Interest Expense. Total interest expense decreased $6.3 million, or 11.3%, for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to the prior year, with decreases in deposit costs and borrowing costs of $5.4 million and $911,000, respectively. Deposit costs decreased primarily due to the lower average balance and rate paid on brokered CDs. The average cost of all interest-bearing deposit products decreased 30 basis points to 2.65% for the year ended December 31, 2025 from 2.95% for the year ended December 31, 2024. The average balances of money market, customer CD and savings accounts increased year-over-year, while lower cost transaction average account balances declined. Borrowing costs decreased 21 basis points, due to lower rates paid combined with a decrease of $6.4 million in the average balance outstanding.

The following table details average balances, cost of funds and the change in interest expense for the periods shown: ****

Year Ended December 31,
2025 2024
(dollars in thousands) Average Balance Outstanding Rate Average Balance Outstanding Rate Increase/ (Decrease) in Interest Expense
Interest-bearing transaction $ 153,762 0.40 % $ 165,097 0.47 % $ (162 )
Money market accounts 445,837 2.35 414,305 2.42 445
Savings accounts 228,622 1.52 223,505 1.57 (47 )
Certificates of deposit, customer 446,703 3.84 428,630 4.16 (666 )
Certificates of deposit, brokered 119,623 4.44 205,619 5.00 (4,977 )
FHLB and other advances 262,438 4.29 264,948 4.53 (752 )
Subordinated debt, net 35,543 3.99 39,475 4.00 (159 )
Total interest-bearing liabilities $ 1,692,528 2.94 % $ 1,741,579 3.22 % $ (6,318 )

Provision for Credit Losses. The total provision for credit losses decreased $9.2 million to $7.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to $16.5 million for 2024. The lower provision for credit losses on loans compared to 2024 is mainly the result of higher recoveries on charged-off loan balances, lower pooled loan reserve balances and a decrease in the loss factors applied to one-to-four family and other consumer loan balances. These decreases were partially offset by higher loss factors applied to commercial business, commercial real estate and multi-family pooled loans. The unfunded commitments recapture is due to a decrease in the loss factor applied to this pool.

The following table details activity and information related to the allowance for credit losses on loans and reserve for unfunded commitments for the periods shown:

Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Provision for credit losses on loans $ 7,320 $ 16,716
Charge offs net of recoveries (10,782 ) (13,777 )
Allowance for credit losses on loans 16,987 20,449
Allowance for credit losses on loans as a percentage of total gross loans receivable at the end of this period 1.04 % 1.21 %
Total nonaccrual loans 22,595 30,515
Allowance for credit losses on loans as a percentage of nonaccrual loans at end of period 75 % 67 %
Nonaccrual loans as a percentage of total loans 1.39 % 1.80 %
Total loans receivable $ 1,628,112 $ 1,695,823
Recapture of provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments $ (5 ) $ (218 )
Reserve for unfunded commitments 592 599
Unfunded loan commitments 167,897 163,827

Noninterest Income. Noninterest income decreased to $11.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, from $12.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. Nonrecurring transactions in 2025 included a $1.7 million insurance reimbursement received to offset the costs associated with ongoing legal matters, a BOLI death benefit payment and an $846,000 gain on extinguishment of subordinated debt. One-time transactions in 2024 included the gain on sale of six branch properties in the sale-leaseback transaction and a $1.1 million BOLI death benefit payment, partially offset by the loss on sale of securities and a $1.8 million equity investment write-down included in other income (loss) in the table below. Saleable mortgage loan production and related gains benefitted from lower mortgage rates. The BOLI exchange and reinvestment transactions during 2024 resulted in an increase in the cash surrender value for both years.

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The following table provides an analysis of the changes in the components of noninterest income for the periods shown:

Year Ended December 31, Increase (Decrease)
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024 Amount Percent
Loan and deposit fees $ 4,359 $ 4,291 $ 68 1.6 %
Sold loan servicing fees and servicing rights mark-to-market 429 188 241 128.2
Net gain on sale of loans 112 312 (200 ) (64.1 )
Net loss on sale of investment securities — (2,117 ) 2,117 (100.0 )
Net gain on sale of premises and equipment — 7,919 (7,919 ) (100.0 )
Increase in BOLI cash surrender value, net 1,889 1,179 710 60.2
Income from BOLI death benefit, net 1,059 1,536 (477 ) (31.1 )
Other income (loss) 3,791 (694 ) 4,485 (646.3 )
Total noninterest income $ 11,639 $ 12,614 $ (975 ) (7.7 )%

Noninterest Expense. Noninterest expense increased to $67.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, from $60.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase over the prior year is primarily due to nonrecurring other expenses including the $5.7 million legal settlement paid, $599,000 for costs associated with the early termination of the Bellevue Business Center lease, and $621,000 for branch closure costs. Costs related to ongoing legal matters resulted in an increase in professional fees. Compensation and benefits decreased primarily due to a $2.6 million employee retention credit ("ERC") recognized in 2025, commissions and incentives reduced $757,000 and regular compensation reduced $447,000. Other year-over-year changes include decreased advertising, data processing and FDIC insurance costs, partially offset by higher regulatory assessments and supply costs.

The following table provides an analysis of the changes in the components of noninterest expense for the periods shown:

Year Ended December 31, Increase (Decrease)
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024 Amount Percent
Compensation and benefits $ 28,808 $ 32,665 $ (3,857 ) (11.8 )%
Data processing 7,868 8,102 (234 ) (2.9 )
Occupancy and equipment 6,143 6,151 (8 ) (0.1 )
Supplies, postage, and telephone 1,320 1,266 54 4.3
Regulatory assessments and state taxes 2,226 1,978 248 12.5
Advertising 1,136 1,457 (321 ) (22.0 )
Professional fees 6,851 3,105 3,746 120.6
FDIC insurance premium 1,732 1,883 (151 ) (8.0 )
Legal settlement paid 5,740 — 5,740 100.0
Other expense 5,233 3,386 1,847 54.5
Total noninterest expense $ 67,057 $ 59,993 $ 7,064 11.8 %

Provision for Income Tax. The Company recorded an income tax benefit for the year ended December 31, 2025, of $1.2 million compared to a benefit of $944,000 for the year ended December 31, 2024, reflecting differences in pre-tax income. The effective tax rate decreased over the prior year as 2024 included an estimate for the penalty on the early surrender of the BOLI contracts. The provision includes accruals for both federal and state income taxes.

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Average Balances, Interest and Average Yields/Cost

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, information regarding average balances of assets and liabilities as well as the total dollar amounts of interest income from average interest-earning assets and interest expense on average interest-bearing liabilities, resultant yields, interest rate spread, net interest margin (otherwise known as net yield on interest-earning assets), and the ratio of average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities. Also presented is the weighted average yield on interest-earning assets, rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities and the resultant spread at December 31, 2025 and 2024. Income and all average balances are daily average balances.

Year Ended December 31,
2025 2024
(dollars in thousands) Average Balance Outstanding Interest Earned/ Paid Yield/ Rate Average Balance Outstanding Interest Earned/ Paid Yield/ Rate
Interest-earning assets:
Loans receivable, net ^(1), (2)^ $ 1,629,888 $ 90,290 5.54 % $ 1,686,972 $ 93,752 5.56 %
Total investment securities 303,501 13,484 4.44 311,434 15,025 4.82
FHLB dividends 12,706 1,182 9.30 12,986 1,215 9.36
Interest-earning deposits in banks 46,708 2,045 4.38 43,934 2,348 5.34
Total interest-earning assets ^(3)^ 1,992,803 107,001 5.37 2,055,326 112,340 5.47
Noninterest-earning assets 146,555 144,812
Total average assets $ 2,139,358 $ 2,200,138
Interest-bearing liabilities: **** **** **** ****
Interest-bearing demand deposits $ 153,762 $ 615 0.40 $ 165,097 $ 777 0.47
Money market accounts 445,837 10,462 2.35 414,305 10,017 2.42
Savings accounts 228,622 3,465 1.52 223,505 3,512 1.57
Certificates of deposit, customer 446,703 17,172 3.84 428,630 17,838 4.16
Certificates of deposit, brokered 119,623 5,306 4.44 205,619 10,283 5.00
Total interest-bearing deposits ^(4)^ 1,394,547 37,020 2.65 1,437,156 42,427 2.95
FHLB and other advances 262,438 11,263 4.29 264,948 12,015 4.53
Subordinated debt, net 35,543 1,419 3.99 39,475 1,578 4.00
Total interest-bearing liabilities 1,692,528 49,702 2.94 1,741,579 56,020 3.22
Noninterest-bearing deposits ^(4)^ 246,566 252,600
Other noninterest-bearing liabilities 47,201 44,217
Total average liabilities 1,986,295 2,038,396
Average equity 153,063 161,742
Total average liabilities and equity $ 2,139,358 $ 2,200,138
Net interest income $ 57,299 $ 56,320
Net interest rate spread 2.43 2.25
Net earning assets $ 300,275 $ 313,747
Net interest margin ^(5)^ 2.88 2.74
Average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities 117.7 % 118.0 %

(1) The average loans receivable, net balances include nonaccrual loans.

(2) Interest earned on loans receivable includes net deferred costs of $1.7 million and $1.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively and loan derivative interest of $392,000 and $1.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

(3) Includes interest-bearing deposits at other financial institutions.

(4) Cost of all deposits, including noninterest-bearing demand deposits, was 2.26% and 2.51% for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

(5) Net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets.

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Rate/Volume Analysis

The following table presents the dollar amount of changes in interest income and interest expense for major components of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The presentation distinguishes between the changes related to outstanding balances and the changes in interest rates. For each component, information is provided on changes attributable to (i) changes in volume (i.e., changes in volume multiplied by old rate) and (ii) changes in rate (i.e., changes in rate multiplied by old volume). For purposes of this table, changes attributable to both rate and volume, which cannot be segregated, have been allocated proportionately to the change due to volume and the change due to rate.

Year Ended December 31, 2025 vs. 2024
Increase (Decrease) Due to Total Increase
(dollars in thousands) Volume Rate (Decrease)
Interest-earning assets: **** **** ****
Loans receivable ^(1)^ $ (3,155 ) $ (307 ) $ (3,462 )
Investment securities (385 ) (1,156 ) (1,541 )
FHLB stock (25 ) (8 ) (33 )
Other ^(2)^ 146 (449 ) (303 )
Total interest-earning assets $ (3,419 ) $ (1,920 ) $ (5,339 )
Interest-bearing liabilities: **** **** ****
Interest-bearing demand deposits $ (54 ) $ (108 ) $ (162 )
Money market accounts 760 (315 ) 445
Savings accounts 74 (121 ) (47 )
Certificates of deposit, customer 757 (1,423 ) (666 )
Certificates of deposit, brokered (4,304 ) (673 ) (4,977 )
FHLB and other advances (118 ) (634 ) (752 )
Subordinated debt, net (156 ) (3 ) (159 )
Total interest-bearing liabilities $ (3,041 ) $ (3,277 ) $ (6,318 )
Net change in interest income $ (378 ) $ 1,357 $ 979

(1) Includes net deferred fee income and loan derivative interest.

(2) Includes interest-bearing deposits at other financial institutions.

Asset and Liability Management and Market Risk

Risk Management Overview. Managing risk is an essential part of successfully managing a financial institution. Our Enterprise Risk Management Committee reports key risk indicators to the Board of Directors through the Audit Committee. The most prominent risk exposures management monitors are strategic, credit, interest rate, liquidity, operational, compliance, reputational, cybersecurity, and legal risk. The Asset Liability Committee ("ALCO") establishes and guides the Bank's strategic direction and risk tolerances related to Asset Liability Management ("ALM"), including interest rate risk. ALCO meets quarterly to monitor the Bank's performance against established standards as well a monitor the overall price, credit, interest rate and liquidity risk profile. The ALM policy is approved by the Board.

Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk represents the risk that changes in market interest rates will adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. Our primary exposure to market risk is interest rate risk arising from differences in the repricing characteristics of our interest‑earning assets and interest‑bearing liabilities.

**Management of Interest Rate Risk Management.**Managing interest rate risk is an integral part of our overall risk management framework. Management’s objective is to control exposure to interest rate fluctuations while maintaining acceptable levels of profitability and capital adequacy. The Bank employs the services of outside firms to assist us in our asset and liability management and our analysis of market and interest rate risk.

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We manage interest rate risk by monitoring repricing gaps, earnings sensitivity, and changes in the economic value of equity under various interest rate scenarios. The economic value of equity represents the difference between the estimated market value of assets and liabilities, including adjustments for off‑balance‑sheet items. Our balance sheet composition includes adjustable‑rate investment securities, home equity lines of credit, and certain commercial real estate loans tied to market indices such as the prime rate, the twelve‑month constant maturity treasury, TSOFR, or similar term FHLB borrowing rates. These instruments generally reprice more rapidly than fixed‑rate assets in rising interest rate environments. Deposit accounts may also reprice more quickly due to their shorter effective maturities.

**Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis.**We use interest rate sensitivity analysis to evaluate our exposure to changes in market interest rates. This analysis measures the estimated change in the present value of expected cash flows from assets, liabilities, and off‑balance‑sheet instruments under a range of assumed interest rate movements.

The analysis models the impact of an instantaneous and sustained parallel shift in interest rates ranging from a 100 to 400 basis point increase or decrease, assuming no changes to management’s balance sheet strategies in response to those rate movements. At December 31, 2025, our balance sheet was more asset‑sensitive in the short‑term horizon, reflecting slower loan prepayment speeds driven by higher interest rates and deposit migration from non‑maturity deposits to certificates of deposit with shorter average lives.

Net Interest Income Sensitivity. The following table presents the estimated sensitivity of projected net interest income over a one-year horizon as of December 31, 2025, based on management’s assumptions regarding interest rates, loan prepayment behavior, deposit decay rates, and pricing characteristics of assets and liabilities.

December 31, 2025
(dollars in thousands) Projected Net Interest Income
Change in Interest Rates (basis points) Amount Change % Change
+ 400 12.1 %
+ 300 9.6
+ 200 6.8
+ 100 3.9
0 —
-100 63,730 (2,170 ) (3.3 )
-200 61,817 (4,083 ) (6.2 )
-300 59,736 (6,164 ) (9.4 )
-400 56,792 (9,108 ) (13.8 )

All values are in US Dollars.

Key Assumptions and Limitations. The interest rate sensitivity analysis is based on a number of assumptions, including projected interest rate paths, loan prepayment rates, deposit decay rates, and the estimated market values of certain assets and liabilities under differing interest rate scenarios. Actual results may differ materially from those modeled due to changes in market conditions, customer behavior, or management actions.

This analysis has inherent limitations. Assets and liabilities with similar maturities or repricing characteristics may respond differently to changes in interest rates. Certain instruments include embedded features such as interest rate caps or floors that may limit repricing. In addition, changes in interest rates may significantly alter prepayment speeds on loans and early withdrawal behavior on certificates of deposit, which could differ from assumptions used in the models.

As a result, the modeled outcomes should not be considered precise forecasts but rather indicators of the potential direction and magnitude of interest rate risk exposure.

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Liquidity Management

Liquidity is the ability to meet current and future financial obligations of a short-term and long-term nature. Our primary sources of funds consist of investment security principal and interest payments, deposit inflows, brokered deposits, loan repayments, maturities, sales of securities, and borrowings from the FHLB. While maturities and scheduled amortization of loans and securities are usually predictable sources of funds, deposit flows, calls of investment securities and borrowed funds, and prepayments on loans and investment securities are greatly influenced by general interest rates, economic conditions and competition, which can cause those sources of funds to fluctuate.

Management regularly adjusts our holdings of liquid assets based upon an assessment of expected loan demand, expected deposit flows, yields available on interest-earning deposits and securities, and objectives of our interest-rate risk and investment policies.

Our most liquid assets are cash and cash equivalents followed by available for sale securities. The levels of these assets depend on our operating, financing, lending and investing activities during any given period. At December 31, 2025, cash and cash equivalents totaled $85.1 million and securities classified as available-for-sale had a market value of $270.3 million. We have pledged loan collateral with principal balances totaling $871.3 million to support borrowings from the FHLB of $260.0 million, with a remaining borrowing capacity of $204.4 million. We have also pledged collateral of $17.3 million to the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco to secure discount window advances; the Company has performed periodic borrowing tests on this line with the Federal Reserve; however, no such funds were borrowed as of December 31, 2025. Another source of short-term funding for the Bank is through PCBB's Fed Funds Borrowing Facility, which provides up to $50.0 million of unsecured borrowing for up to ten consecutive days. First Northwest maintains a $15.0 million line of credit with NexBank, with an available borrowing capacity of $1.5 million at year end, which is secured by First Northwest's personal property assets (with certain exclusions), including all the outstanding shares of First Fed, cash, loans receivable, and limited partnership investments. The line of credit matures in November 2026.

At December 31, 2025, we had $168.6 million in commitments to grant loans, undisbursed lines of credit, undisbursed construction commitments, and standby letters of credit. The Company also had unfunded partnership commitments totaling $2.3 million.

Customer CDs due within one year as of December 31, 2025, totaled $380.5 million, or 73.2% of total CDs. Brokered CDs due within one year as of December 31, 2025, totaled $70.4 million, or 13.5% of total CDs. Management believes a significant portion of our customer CDs will be renewed or rolled into new certificates of deposit given the current rate environment. If these maturing deposits are not renewed or rolled into other deposit products, we will seek other sources of funds, which may include borrowings and brokered deposits. We also attract and retain deposits by adjusting the interest rates offered, including the offering of promotional rates on certificates of deposit to encourage the renewal or rollover of maturing certificates of deposit and mitigate the risk of loss of these deposits. Depending on market conditions, we may pay higher rates on borrowings or brokered deposits than we currently pay on standard certificates of deposit or promotional rate offerings. However, rates on these sources of funds may also be less than what the market demands for customer deposits. We believe relationships developed by our sales teams, including our commercial relationship managers, branch managers and members of our branch network, and the general cash flows from our existing lending and investment activities, will afford us sufficient short- and long-term liquidity. For additional information, see the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows included in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of this Form 10-K.

First Fed has a diversified deposit base with approximately 64% of deposit account balances held by consumers, 31% held by business and public fund depositors, and 5% in brokered deposits. The average deposit account balance, excluding brokered and public fund accounts, was $28,000 at December 31, 2025. We estimate that 20-25% of our customer deposit balances, or $371.3 million, are over the $250,000 FDIC insurance limit, representing less than 5% of deposit customers. Management believes that maintaining a diversified deposit base is an important factor in managing liquidity.

The Company is a separate legal entity from the Bank and relies on dividends from its subsidiary, First Fed, the NexBank line of credit and future investment redemptions for liquidity to pay its operating expenses and other financial obligations. At December 31, 2025, the Company (on an unconsolidated basis) had liquid assets of $7,587,000.

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Off-Balance Sheet Activities

In the normal course of operations, First Fed engages in a variety of financial transactions that are not recorded in the financial statements. These transactions involve varying degrees of off-balance sheet credit, interest rate and liquidity risks. These transactions are used primarily to manage customers’ requests for funding and take the form of loan commitments and lines of credit. For the year ended December 31, 2025, we engaged in no off-balance sheet transactions likely to have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Commitments and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The following table summarizes our commitments and contingent liabilities with off-balance sheet risks as of December 31, 2025:

Amount of Commitment Expiration
(dollars in thousands) Within 1 Year After 1 Year Through 3 Years After 3 Years Through 5 Years Beyond 5 Years Total Amounts Committed
Commitments to originate loans:
Fixed-rate loans $ 424 $ — $ — $ — $ 424
Variable-rate loans 323 — — — 323
Unfunded commitments under lines of credit 18,495 13,014 5,611 80,845 117,965
Unfunded commitments under existing construction loans 34,035 14,094 — 1,395 49,524
Standby letters of credit 208 — — 200 408
Unfunded commitments under partnership agreements 2,270 — — — 2,270
Total $ 55,755 $ 27,108 $ 5,611 $ 82,440 $ 170,914

Capital Resources

First Northwest is a financial holding company (a type of bank holding company) subject to regulation by the Federal Reserve. As a bank holding company, we are subject to capital adequacy requirements of the Federal Reserve under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, and the regulations of the Federal Reserve. Our subsidiary, First Fed, is subject to minimum capital requirements imposed by the FDIC. Capital adequacy requirements are quantitative measures established by regulation that require us to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of capital.

First Fed is subject to meeting minimum capital adequacy requirements for CET1 capital, Tier 1 risk-based capital, total risk-based capital, and tier 1 capital ("leverage"). Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by bank regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

First Fed is subject to capital requirements adopted by the Federal Reserve and the FDIC. See Item 1, "Business-How We Are Regulated," and Note 12 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of this Form 10-K for additional information regarding First Northwest and First Fed’s regulatory capital requirements.

In order to avoid limitations, based on percentages of eligible retained income, on paying dividends, engaging in share repurchases, and paying discretionary bonuses, the Bank must maintain risk-based capital in an amount greater than the required minimum levels plus a capital conservation buffer, comprised of CET1, of 2.5% of risk-weighted assets. The Bank's capital conservation buffer was 5.55% at December 31, 2025, exceeding this requirement by over 3.00%.

Consistent with our goals to operate a sound and profitable organization, our policy for First Fed is to maintain its "well-capitalized" status in accordance with regulatory standards. At December 31, 2025, the Bank and consolidated Company exceeded all regulatory capital requirements, and the Bank was considered "well capitalized" under FDIC regulatory capital guidelines.

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The following table provides the capital requirements and actual results at December 31, 2025.

Actual Minimum Capital Requirements Minimum Required to be Well-Capitalized
(dollars in thousands) Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio
Tier I leverage capital (to average assets)
Bank only $ 198,895 9.5 % $ 83,639 4.0 % $ 104,549 5.0 %
Common equity tier I (to risk-weighted assets)
Bank only 198,895 12.5 71,656 4.5 103,504 6.5
Tier I risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Bank only 198,895 12.5 95,542 6.0 127,389 8.0
Total risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Bank only 215,737 13.6 127,389 8.0 159,236 10.0

Effect of Inflation and Changing Prices

The consolidated financial statements and related financial data presented in this report have been prepared according to generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S., which require the measurement of financial and operating results in terms of historical dollars without considering the change in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation. The primary impact of inflation on our operations is reflected in increased operating costs and the effect that general inflation may have on both short-term and long-term interest rates. Unlike most industrial companies, virtually all the assets and liabilities of a financial institution are monetary in nature. As a result, interest rates generally have a more significant impact on a financial institution's performance than do general levels of inflation. Although inflation expectations do affect interest rates, interest rates do not necessarily move in the same direction or to the same extent as the prices of goods and services.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of this Form 10-K.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

The information contained under "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Market Risk and Asset and Liability Management" of this Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (Baker Tilly US, LLP, Everett, Washington, PCAOB ID: 23) 78
Consolidated Balance Sheets, December 31, 2025 and 2024 81
Consolidated Statements of Operations For the Years Ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 82
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) For the Years Ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 83
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity For the Years Ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 84
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows For the Years Ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 85
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 87

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of

First Northwest Bancorp and Subsidiary

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of First Northwest Bancorp and Subsidiary (the "Company") as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), shareholders' equity and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "consolidated financial statements"). We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.

Basis for Opinions

The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's consolidated financial statements and an opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures to respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal

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control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

Critical Audit Matter Description

As described in Notes 1 and 4 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s consolidated allowance for credit losses on loans (ACLL) balance was $17 million as of December 31, 2025. The ACLL is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost of loans receivable to present the net amount expected to be collected. Management's estimate of the ACLL uses relevant available information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts.

We identified management's application of historical losses including reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions in the discounted cash flow model, and management's estimation of qualitative risk factors, which are both components of the ACLL calculation, as a critical audit matter. Baseline loss rates are calculated using peer institution data related to historical losses.

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Historical losses are adjusted for management’s consideration of the forecasted direction of the economic and business environment. The Company also considers other qualitative risk factors to adjust the estimated ACLL.

How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. Our audit procedures related to the critical audit matter included the following, among others:

● Evaluating the design and tested the operating effectiveness of controls related to management's calculation of the ACLL, including controls over the reasonableness of historical losses and forecasted economic conditions related to national gross domestic product and unemployment figures, as well as the application of qualitative and environmental adjustments.
● Testing the completeness and accuracy of the data used in the calculation, application of historical loss rates and forecasted economic conditions, and application of qualitative risk factors, and assessed the appropriateness for the peer groups used to determine historical loss rates.
● Obtaining management’s analysis and supporting documentation related to the forecasted economic conditions and qualitative risk factors and testing whether the forecasted economic conditions and qualitative risk factors used in the calculation of the ACLL were supported by the analysis provided by management.
● Performing an independent sensitivity analysis to evaluate the reasonableness of the qualitative risk factors used by management.
--- ---

/s/ Baker Tilly US, LLP

Everett, Washington

March 12, 2026

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2002.

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FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(dollars in thousands, except share data)

December 31, 2024
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks 15,530 $ 16,811
Interest-bearing deposits in banks 69,587 55,637
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value (amortized cost of 295,849 and 376,265, respectively) 270,310 340,344
Loans held for sale 1,063 472
Loans receivable (net of allowance for credit losses on loans of 16,987 and 20,449) 1,612,028 1,675,186
Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") stock, at cost 13,105 14,435
Accrued interest receivable 6,498 8,159
Premises and equipment, net 8,464 10,129
Servicing rights on sold loans, at fair value 3,014 3,281
Bank-owned life insurance ("BOLI"), net 42,382 41,150
Equity and partnership investments 15,489 13,229
Goodwill and other intangible assets 1,062 1,082
Deferred tax asset, net 13,638 13,738
Right-of-use ("ROU") asset, net 15,596 17,001
Prepaid expenses and other assets 20,129 21,352
Total assets 2,107,895 $ 2,232,006
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY **** ****
Deposits 1,599,101 $ 1,688,026
Borrowings, net 308,143 336,014
Accrued interest payable 1,223 3,295
Lease liability, net 16,439 17,535
Accrued expenses and other liabilities 24,301 31,770
Advances from borrowers for taxes and insurance 1,424 1,484
Total liabilities 1,950,631 2,078,124
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 14) **** ****
Shareholders' Equity
Preferred stock, 0.01 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding — —
Common stock, 0.01 par value; 75,000,000 shares authorized; 9,467,925 and 9,353,348 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively 95 93
Additional paid-in capital 93,803 93,357
Retained earnings 91,699 97,198
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax (22,398 ) (30,172 )
Unearned employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) shares (5,935 ) (6,594 )
Total shareholders' equity 157,264 153,882
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity 2,107,895 $ 2,232,006

All values are in US Dollars.

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

For the Year Ended December 31,
2025 2024
INTEREST INCOME
Interest and fees on loans receivable $ 90,290 $ 93,752
Interest on investment securities 13,484 15,025
Interest-bearing deposits and other 2,045 2,348
FHLB dividends 1,182 1,215
Total interest income 107,001 112,340
INTEREST EXPENSE **** ****
Deposits 37,020 42,427
Borrowings 12,682 13,593
Total interest expense 49,702 56,020
Net interest income 57,299 56,320
PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES
Provision for credit losses on loans 7,320 16,716
Recapture of provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments (5 ) (218 )
Provision for credit losses 7,315 16,498
Net interest income after provision for credit losses 49,984 39,822
NONINTEREST INCOME **** ****
Loan and deposit fees 4,359 4,291
Sold loan servicing fees and servicing rights mark-to-market 429 188
Net gain on sale of loans 112 312
Net loss on sale of investment securities — (2,117 )
Net gain on sale of premises and equipment — 7,919
Increase in BOLI cash surrender value, net 1,889 1,179
Income from BOLI death benefit, net 1,059 1,536
Other income (loss) 3,791 (694 )
Total noninterest income 11,639 12,614
NONINTEREST EXPENSE
Compensation and benefits 28,808 32,665
Data processing 7,868 8,102
Occupancy and equipment 6,143 6,151
Supplies, postage, and telephone 1,320 1,266
Regulatory assessments and state taxes 2,226 1,978
Advertising 1,136 1,457
Professional fees 6,851 3,105
FDIC insurance premium 1,732 1,883
Legal settlement paid 5,740 —
Other expense 5,233 3,386
Total noninterest expense 67,057 59,993
Loss before benefit from provision for income taxes (5,434 ) (7,557 )
Benefit from provision for income taxes (1,243 ) (944 )
Net loss $ (4,191 ) $ (6,613 )
Basic and diluted loss per common share $ (0.48 ) $ (0.75 )

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(dollars in thousands)

For the Year Ended December 31,
2025 2024
Net loss $ (4,191 ) $ (6,613 )
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized holding gains on investments available for sale arising during the period 10,382 289
Tax effect (2,230 ) (63 )
Net actuarial gains (losses) on defined benefit ("DB") plan assets 126 (252 )
Tax effect (27 ) 54
Amortization of unrecognized DB plan prior service cost 150 150
Tax effect (31 ) (32 )
Reclassification adjustment for change in fair value of hedged items (760 ) 834
Tax effect 164 (179 )
Reclassification adjustment for net losses on sales of securities realized in income — 2,117
Tax effect — (454 )
Other comprehensive income, net of tax 7,774 2,464
Comprehensive income (loss) $ 3,583 $ (4,149 )

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

(dollars in thousands, except share data)

Additional Paid-in Retained Unearned ESOP Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Total Shareholders'
Amount Capital Earnings Shares Net of Tax Equity
Balance at December 31, 2023 9,611,876 $ 96 $ 95,784 $ 107,349 $ (7,253 ) $ (32,636 ) $ 163,340
Net loss (6,613 ) (6,613 )
Common stock repurchased (312,288 ) (3 ) (3,160 ) (894 ) (4,057 )
Restricted stock award grants, net of forfeitures 66,924 — — —
Restricted stock awards canceled (13,164 ) — (187 ) (187 )
Other comprehensive income, net of tax 2,464 2,464
Share-based compensation 957 957
ESOP shares committed to be released (37 ) 659 622
Cash dividends declared and paid (0.28 per share) (2,644 ) (2,644 )
Balance at December 31, 2024 9,353,348 $ 93 $ 93,357 $ 97,198 $ (6,594 ) $ (30,172 ) $ 153,882
Net loss (4,191 ) (4,191 )
Restricted stock award grants, net of forfeitures 125,798 2 — 2
Restricted stock awards canceled (11,221 ) — (113 ) (113 )
Other comprehensive income, net of tax 7,774 7,774
Share-based compensation 733 733
ESOP shares committed to be released (174 ) 659 485
Cash dividends declared and paid (0.14 per share) (1,308 ) (1,308 )
Balance at December 31, 2025 9,467,925 $ 95 $ 93,803 $ 91,699 $ (5,935 ) $ (22,398 ) $ 157,264

All values are in US Dollars.

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(dollars in thousands)
For the Year Ended December 31,
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
2025 2024
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss $ (4,191 ) $ (6,613 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash from operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 1,248 1,412
Amortization of core deposit intangible 20 3
Amortization and accretion of premiums and discounts on investments, net (25 ) 611
Accretion of deferred loan fees and purchased premiums, net (1,784 ) (1,535 )
Amortization of debt issuance costs 72 78
Change in fair value of sold loan servicing rights 280 550
Additions to servicing rights on sold loans, net (13 ) (38 )
Provision for credit losses on loans 7,320 16,716
Recapture of provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments (5 ) (218 )
Deferred income taxes, net (2,014 ) (1,409 )
Allocation of ESOP shares 485 622
Share-based compensation expense 733 957
Gain on sale of loans, net (112 ) (312 )
Loss on sale of securities available for sale, net — 2,117
Gain on extinguishment of subordinated debt (848 ) —
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance, net (1,889 ) (1,179 )
Income from death benefit on bank-owned life insurance, net (1,059 ) (1,536 )
Origination of loans held for sale (25,166 ) (22,197 )
Proceeds from loans held for sale 31,168 22,790
Legal settlement paid (5,740 ) —
Insurance reimbursement 1,681 —
Change in assets and liabilities:
Decrease (increase) in accrued interest receivable 1,661 (265 )
Decrease (increase) in ROU asset 1,405 (10,954 )
Decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets 476 2,380
Decrease in accrued interest payable (2,072 ) (101 )
(Decrease) increase in lease liabilities (1,096 ) 11,107
(Decrease) increase in accrued expenses and other liabilities (3,293 ) 3,890
Net cash (used) provided by operating activities (2,758 ) 16,876
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of securities available for sale (5,534 ) (99,963 )
Proceeds from maturities, calls, and principal repayments of securities available for sale 85,976 33,874
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale — 21,048
Redemption (purchase) of FHLB stock 1,330 (771 )
Early surrender of bank-owned life insurance policy 9,375 14,616
Purchase of bank-owned life insurance (9,109 ) (14,616 )
Proceeds from bank-owned life insurance death benefit 1,968 1,602
Net decrease (increase) in loans receivable 49,762 (47,849 )
Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment 417 6,508
Capital contributions to partnership investments (990 ) (6,502 )
Redemption of partnership investment — 5,931
Capital disbursements from partnership agreements 794 1,067
Capital contributions to low-income housing tax credit partnerships (1,051 ) (2,011 )
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities 132,938 (87,066 )

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(dollars in thousands)
For the Year Ended December 31,
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
2025 2024
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net (decrease) increase in deposits $ (88,925 ) $ 11,134
Proceeds from long-term FHLB advances 30,000 105,000
Repayment of long-term FHLB advances (30,000 ) (25,000 )
Net decrease in short-term FHLB advances (30,000 ) (65,000 )
Redemption of subordinated debt, net (4,095 ) —
Net increase in line of credit 7,000 —
Net (decrease) increase in advances from borrowers for taxes and insurance (60 ) 224
Payment of dividends (1,318 ) (2,645 )
Restricted stock awards canceled (113 ) (187 )
Repurchase of common stock — (4,057 )
Net cash (used) provided by financing activities (117,511 ) 19,469
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 12,669 (50,721 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 72,448 123,169
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 85,117 $ 72,448
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest on deposits and borrowings $ 51,832 $ 56,121
Cash paid for income taxes 12 83
Supplemental disclosures of noncash investing activities:
Change in unrealized loss on securities available for sale $ 10,382 $ 2,406
Change in unrealized (loss) gain on fair value hedge (760 ) 834
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on DB Plan 126 (252 )
Amortization of unrecognized DB plan prior service cost 150 150
Loan principal transferred from held-for-investment to held-for-sale 6,480 —
Loan principal transferred to real estate owned and repossessed assets, net 1,380 —
Lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets 1,264 12,158
Series A equity investment acquired upon conversion of commercial business loan 1,260 —
Write-down of equity investment — (1,762 )

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Nature of operations - First Northwest Bancorp, a Washington corporation ("First Northwest"), became the holding company of First Fed Bank ("First Fed" or the "Bank") on January 29, 2015, upon completion of the Bank's conversion from a mutual to stock form of organization (the "Conversion"). First Northwest and the Bank are collectively referred to as the "Company." On August 5, 2022, First Northwest's election to be treated as a financial holding company became effective, allowing the Company to engage in non-banking activities that are financial in nature or incidental to financial activities. First Northwest's business activities generally are limited to passive investment activities and oversight of its investment in First Fed. Accordingly, the information set forth in this report, including the consolidated financial statements and related data, relates primarily to the Bank.

The Bank is a community-oriented financial institution providing commercial and consumer banking services to individuals and businesses primarily in western Washington State with offices in Clallam, Jefferson, Kitsap, King, Snohomish and Whatcom counties. These services include deposit and lending transactions that are supplemented with borrowing and investing activities. On October 31, 2021, the Bank converted from a State Savings Bank Charter to a State Commercial Bank Charter and was simultaneously renamed First Fed Bank from First Federal Savings and Loan Association of Port Angeles.

Use of estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make assumptions. These assumptions result in estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to a determination of the allowance for credit losses, fair value of financial instruments, deferred tax assets and liabilities, and the valuation of collateral-dependent loans.

Principles of consolidation - The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of First Northwest and its wholly owned subsidiary, First Fed. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Subsequent events - The Company has evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and disclosure.

Cash and cash equivalents - Cash and cash equivalents consist of currency on hand, due from banks, and interest-bearing deposits with financial institutions with an original maturity of three months or less. The amounts on deposit fluctuate and, at times, exceed the insured limit by the FDIC, which potentially subjects First Fed to credit risk. First Fed has not experienced any losses due to balances exceeding FDIC insurance limits.

Restricted assets - Federal Reserve Board regulations require maintenance of certain minimum reserve balances on deposit with the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. The deposit requirement was zero at both  December 31, 2025 and 2024. First Fed was in compliance with its reserve requirements at December 31, 2025 and 2024.

Investment securities - Investments in debt securities are classified into one of three categories: (1) held-to-maturity, (2) available-for-sale, or (3) trading. Investment securities are categorized as held-to-maturity when First Fed has the positive intent and ability to hold those securities to maturity. First Fed had no held-to-maturity or trading securities at December 31, 2025 and 2024.

Securities that are held-to-maturity are stated at cost and adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts, which are recognized as adjustments to interest income.

Investment securities categorized as available for sale are generally held for investment purposes (to maturity), although unanticipated future events may result in the sale of some securities. Available-for-sale securities are recorded at fair value, with the unrealized holding gain or loss reported in other comprehensive income, net of tax, as a separate component of shareholders' equity. Realized gains or losses are determined using the amortized cost basis of securities sold using the specific identification method and are included in earnings. Dividend and interest income on investments are recognized when earned. Premiums and discounts on securities without call features are recognized in interest income using the level yield method over the period to maturity. Premiums on securities with call features are amortized to the earliest call date.

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The Company reviews the need for an allowance for credit losses on investment securities ("ACLI") on at least a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such an evaluation. For investment securities available for sale in an unrealized loss position, the Company first assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before the recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income. For investment securities available for sale that do not meet the aforementioned criteria, the Company evaluates whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. In making this assessment, management considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors. The credit loss is defined as the difference between the present value of the cash flows expected to be collected and the amortized cost basis. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an ACLI is recorded for the credit loss, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Any decline in fair value that has not been recorded through an ACLI is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss). Changes in the ACLI are recorded as provision, or recapture of provision, for credit losses expense. Losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of an investment security available for sale is confirmed or when either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met. Accrued interest receivable on investment securities available for sale is excluded from the estimate of credit losses as interest accrued, but not received, is reversed timely in accordance with the policy for investment securities above.

Federal Home Loan Bank stock - First Fed’s investment in Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines (FHLB) stock is carried at cost, which approximates fair value. As a member of the FHLB system, First Fed is required to maintain a minimum investment in FHLB stock based on specific percentages of its outstanding mortgages, total assets, or FHLB advances. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, First Fed’s minimum investment requirement was approximately $13.1 million and $14.4 million, respectively. First Fed was in compliance with the FHLB minimum investment requirement at December 31, 2025 and 2024. First Fed  may request redemption at par value of any stock in excess of the amount First Fed is required to hold. Stock redemptions are granted at the discretion of the FHLB.

Management evaluates FHLB stock for impairment based on its assessment of the ultimate recoverability of cost rather than by recognizing temporary declines in value. The determination of whether a decline affects the ultimate recoverability of cost is influenced by criteria such as (1) the significance of any decline in net assets of the FHLB compared with the capital stock amount for the FHLB and the length of time this situation has persisted, (2) commitments by the FHLB to make payments required by law or regulation and the level of such payments in relation to the operating performance of the FHLB, (3) the impact of legislative and regulatory changes on institutions and, accordingly, the customer base of the FHLB, and (4) the liquidity position of the FHLB. Based on its evaluation, First Fed did not recognize a loss on its FHLB stock at December 31, 2025 and 2024.

Loans held for sale - Mortgage loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or fair value. Fair value is determined based upon market prices from third-party purchasers and brokers. Net unrealized losses, if any, are recognized through a valuation allowance by charges to earnings. Gains or losses on the sale of loans are recognized at the time of sale and determined by the difference between net sale proceeds and the net book value of the loan less the estimated fair value of any retained mortgage servicing rights.

Loans receivable - Loans are stated at the amount of unpaid principal, net of charge-offs, unearned income, allowance for credit losses on loans ("ACLL") and any deferred fees or costs. Interest on loans is calculated using the simple interest method based on the month end balance of the principal amount outstanding and is credited to income as earned. The estimated life is adjusted for prepayments.

Each loan segment and class inherently contains differing credit risk profiles depending on the unique aspects of that segment or class of loans. For example, borrowers tend to consider their primary residence and access to transportation for employment-related purposes as basic requirements; accordingly, many consumers prioritize making payments on real estate first-mortgage loans and vehicle loans. Conversely, second-mortgage real estate loans or unsecured loans may not be supported by sufficient collateral; thus, in the event of financial hardship, borrowers may tend to place less importance on maintaining these loans as current and the Bank may not have adequate collateral to provide a secondary source of repayment in the event of default. Notwithstanding the various risk profiles unique to each class of loan, management believes that the credit risk for all loans is similarly dependent on essentially the same factors, including the financial strength of the borrower, the cash flow available to service maturing debt obligations, the condition and value of underlying collateral, the financial strength of any guarantors, and other factors.

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Problem loans are monitored and a portion or all of the balance is charged off when collectability is sufficiently questionable that the Bank can no longer justify showing the loan as an asset on the balance sheet. To determine if a loan should be charged off, all possible sources of repayment are analyzed. Possible sources of repayment include the potential for future cash flow, the value of the Bank’s collateral, and the strength of co-makers or guarantors. When these sources do not add up to a reasonable probability that the loan can be collected, charge off is processed.

The accrual of interest on loans is discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days delinquent, unless the credit is well secured and in process of collection. In all cases, loans are placed on nonaccrual or charged off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is considered doubtful.

All interest accrued but not collected for loans that are placed on nonaccrual or charged off is reversed against interest income. The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash basis or cost recovery method until qualifying for return to accrual. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. For those loans placed on non-accrual status due to payment delinquency, return to accrual status will generally not occur until the borrower demonstrates repayment ability over a period of not less than six months.

Loan fees and purchased premiums - Loan origination fees and certain direct origination costs are deferred and amortized as an adjustment to the yield of the loan over the contractual life using the effective interest method. In the event a loan is sold, the remaining deferred loan origination fees and/or costs are recognized as a component of gains or losses on the sale of loans. We may pay a purchase premium or receive a purchase discount on fully originated loans that we purchase. Premiums and discounts are capitalized at the time of purchase and amortized as an adjustment to the yield over the contractual life using the effective interest method and included in interest income.

Allowance for credit losses - On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") ASU 2016-13 Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, as amended, which replaces the incurred loss methodology with a current expected credit loss ("CECL") methodology. The ACLL is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost of loans receivable to present the net amount expected to be collected. Loans are charged against the allowance when management believes the collectability of a loan balance is unlikely. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. The Bank records the changes in the ACLL through earnings, as a provision for credit losses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Accrued interest receivable on loans receivable is excluded from the estimate of credit losses. Instead, interest accrued, but not received, is reversed timely in accordance with the policy for loans receivable above.

The Company has identified segments of loans with similar risk characteristics for which it then applies one of two loss methodologies. Management has adopted a discounted cash flow ("DCF") methodology for most of its segments to calculate the ACLL. For certain segments with smaller portfolios or where data is prohibitive to running a DCF calculation, management has elected to use a remaining life methodology. The Company will evaluate individual loans for expected credit losses when those loans do not share similar risk characteristics with loans evaluated using a collective (pooled) basis. The allowance for individually evaluated loans is calculated using the collateral value method, which considers the likely source of repayment as the value of the collateral, less estimated costs to sell, or another method such as the cash flow method, which considers the contractual principal and interest terms and estimated cash flows available from the borrower to satisfy the debt. When the cash flow method is used, cash flows are discounted back by the effective interest rate and compared to the total recorded investment. If the present value of cash flows is less than the total recorded investment, a reserve is calculated.

For each loan segment collectively measured, the baseline loss rates are calculated using peer institution data from Federal Financial Institutions Examinations Council ("FFIEC") Call Report filings. The Bank evaluates the historical period on a quarterly basis. The baseline loss rates are applied to each loan's estimated cash flows over the life of the loan to determine the baseline loss estimate for each loan. Estimated cashflows consider the principal and interest in accordance with the contractual term of the loan and estimated prepayments. Contractual cashflows are based on the amortized cost, as adjusted for balances guaranteed by governmental entities, such as the SBA or the United States Department of Agriculture, or the unguaranteed amortized cost. The contractual term excludes expected extensions, renewals, and modifications unless either of the following applies: 1) management has a reasonable expectation at the reporting date that a modification agreement will be executed with an individual borrower or 2) the extension or renewal options are included in the original or modified contract at the reporting date and are not unconditionally cancellable by the Company. Prepayments are established for each segment based on historical averages for the segments, which management believes is an accurate representation of future prepayment activity. Management reviews the adequacy of the prepayment period assumption on a quarterly basis.

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The CECL methodology includes consideration of the forecasted direction of the economic and business environment and its likely impact to the estimated allowance as compared to the historical losses over the reasonable and supportable time frame. Economic forecast models for the current period are uploaded to the model, which targets two forecasted macroeconomic factors, which are national gross domestic product and unemployment figures. Each of the forecasted DCF segments is impacted by these macroeconomic factors. Further, each of the macroeconomic factors is utilized differently by segment, including the application of lagged factors and various transformations such as percent change year over year.

The Bank uses the Federal Open Market Committee ("FOMC") forecast via an application programming interface with our CECL software. FOMC provides various forecast scenarios used to determine the loan portfolio’s expected credit loss. Based on known/knowable information at the measurement date, management has determined that the FOMC scenarios and the underlying assumptions most closely align with current and expected conditions. The Bank has elected to forecast the first four quarters of the credit loss estimate and revert on a straight-line basis as permitted in ASC 326-20-30-9. The Bank also considers other qualitative risk factors to adjust the estimated ACLL calculated by the above-mentioned model. While there are many factors available to incorporate into the quantitative model, the Bank has selected to use the most critical factors. Additional metrics will be included only if internal or external factors outside those considered in its historical losses or macroeconomic forecast indicate otherwise. The Bank has established metrics to estimate the qualitative risk factor by segment based on the identified risk.

In general, management's estimate of the ACLL uses relevant available information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The allowance for credit losses on loans evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. While management utilizes its best judgment and information available to recognize losses on loans, future additions to the allowance may be necessary based on further declines in local and national economic conditions. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Bank’s ACLL. Such agencies may require the Bank to make adjustments to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examinations. The Company believes the ACLL at  December 31, 2025, is appropriate given the above considerations.

Allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments - The Bank estimates expected credit losses on unfunded, off-balance sheet commitments over the contractual period in which the Bank is exposed to credit risk from a contractual obligation to extend credit, unless the obligation is unconditionally cancellable by the Company. The Bank has determined that no allowance is necessary for its home equity line of credit portfolio as it has the ability to unconditionally cancel the available lines of credit. The allowance methodology is similar to the ACLL, but additionally includes an estimate of the future utilization of the commitment as determined by historical commitment utilization. The credit risks associated with the unfunded commitments are consistent with the risks outlined for each loan class. The allowance is recognized in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and is adjusted as a provision (reversal of provision) for credit losses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Real estate owned and repossessed assets - Real estate owned and repossessed assets include real estate and personal property acquired through foreclosure or repossession and may include in-substance foreclosed properties. These properties are initially recorded at the fair market value of the property less selling costs. Properties are subsequently evaluated for impairment. In-substance foreclosed properties are those properties for which the Bank has taken physical possession, regardless of whether formal foreclosure proceedings have taken place. At  December 31, 2025, there was $1.4 million of one-to-four family residential real estate included in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets which was acquired during the year.

Loan servicing rights - Loan servicing rights are recorded at fair value when loans are originated and subsequently sold with the servicing rights retained. Management assesses the fair value of loan servicing rights based on recalculations of the present value of remaining future cash flows using updated market discount rates and prepayment speeds. Subsequent loan prepayments and changes in prepayment assumptions in excess of those forecasted can adversely impact the carrying value of the servicing rights. The servicing rights are stratified based on the predominant risk characteristics of the underlying loans: fixed-rate loans and adjustable-rate loans. The effect of changes in market interest rates on estimated rates of loan prepayments is the predominant risk characteristic for loan servicing rights. The valuation model incorporates assumptions that market participants would use in estimating future net servicing income, such as the cost to service, the discount rate, the custodial earnings rate, an inflation rate, ancillary income, prepayment speeds, and default rates and losses.

Sold loan servicing income represents fees earned for servicing loans. Fees for servicing sold loans are generally based upon a percentage of the principal balance of the loans serviced, as well as related ancillary income such as late charges. Servicing income is recognized as earned unless collection is doubtful. The caption in the Consolidated Statements of Operations "Sold loan servicing fees and servicing rights mark-to-market" includes sold loan servicing income and changes in fair value.

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Premises and equipment - Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is recognized and computed on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives as follows:

Years
Buildings 37.5 - 50
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment 3 - 10
Software 3
Automobiles 5

Bank-owned life insurance - The carrying amount of life insurance approximates fair value. Fair value of life insurance is estimated using the cash surrender value, less applicable surrender charges. The change in cash surrender value is included in noninterest income.

Equity and partnership investments - Equity investments include amounts invested in non-publicly traded stock. Investments in non-publicly traded stock are measured at cost, less impairment, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in ordinary transactions for the identical or similar investment of the same issuer. The recorded balance of these equity investments was $1.8 million and $500,000 at  December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Partnership investments include limited partnerships in investment funds and other business ventures. Partnership investments that do not result in consolidation of the investee are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. The Company's allocated share of earnings or losses are recorded in other noninterest income. The recorded balance of these partnership investments was $13.7 million and $12.7 million at  December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

We assess whether impairment indicators exist to trigger the performance of an impairment analysis on equity and partnership investments throughout the year.

Goodwill - Goodwill is recorded from a business combination as the difference in the purchase price and fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Goodwill has an indefinite useful life, and as such, is not amortized. The Company reviews goodwill for impairment annually, or more frequently if an indication of impairment exists between annual tests. Any impairment will be recorded as noninterest expense and corresponding reduction in intangible asset on the consolidated financial statements.

Core deposit intangible - A core deposit intangible ("CDI") asset is recognized from the assumption of core deposit liabilities in connection with the acquisition of deposits from another financial institution. The asset is valued by a third party and is amortized into noninterest expense over its estimated useful life. The CDI is evaluated for impairment annually with any additional decline recorded as noninterest expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Income taxes - First Fed accounts for income taxes in accordance with the provisions of ASC 740-10, Income Taxes, which requires the use of the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for their future tax consequences, attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

Leases - Operating lease right-of-use ("ROU") assets represent the Company's right to use the underlying asset during the lease term and operating lease liabilities represent the Company's obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and operating lease liabilities are recognized at lease commencement based on the present value of the future lease payments using the Company's incremental borrowing rate. The discount rate used in determining the present value was the Company's incremental borrowing rate using the FHLB fixed advance rate based on the remaining lease term as of January 1, 2019, or the commencement date for subsequent leases. The Company utilized Provident Financial Services, Inc.'s 10 year fixed-to-floating rate on subordinated notes issued in May 2024 for the incremental borrowing rate to calculate the ROU asset for the six leases generated in the May 2024 sale-leaseback transaction as that more closely aligned with the economic environment at that time. The Company does not capitalize short-term leases, which are leases with terms of twelve months or less. ROU assets and related operating lease liabilities are remeasured when lease terms are amended, extended, or when management intends to exercise available extension options. We have lease agreements with lease and non-lease components, which are generally accounted for separately for real estate leases.

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Historic Tax Credit Investment - The Company holds an interest in an Historic Tax Credit investment ("HTC") partnership, also referred to as the Rehabilitation Credit, which met the National Park Service's requirements to qualify for a tax incentive on the rehabilitation of a certified historic structure. As a limited liability investor in this partnership, the Company receives a tax benefit in the form of a tax deduction from partnership operating losses and a federal income tax credit. The federal income tax credit is earned over a 5-year period upon the qualified rehabilitated building being placed in service and having met all the requirements.

The Company uses the deferral method to amortize the initial cost of the investment over the life of the related tax credit and other tax benefits received and recognizes the net investment performance on the Consolidated Statements of Operations as a component of income tax expense. The Company reports the carrying value of the equity investment in the unconsolidated HTC in "Prepaid expenses and other assets" on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The maximum exposure to loss in the HTC is the amount of equity invested by the Company. The Company has evaluated the variable interests held by the Company in the HTC investment and determined that the Company does not have controlling financial interests in such investment and is not the primary beneficiary.

Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Investment - The Company has an equity investment in a Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Investment ("LIHTC") partnership which is an indirect federal subsidy that finances low-income housing projects. As a limited liability investor in this partnership, the Company receives a tax benefit in the form of a tax deduction from partnership operating losses and a federal income tax credit. The federal income tax credit is earned over a 10-year period as a result of the investment properties meeting certain criteria and is subject to recapture for noncompliance with such criteria over a 15-year period.

The Company accounts for the LIHTC under the proportional amortization method and amortizes the initial cost of the investment in proportion to the tax credits and other tax benefits received and recognizes the net investment performance on the Consolidated Statements of Operations as a component of income tax expense. The Company reports the carrying value of the equity investment in the unconsolidated LIHTC in "Prepaid expenses and other assets" on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The maximum exposure to loss in the LIHTC is the amount of equity invested and credit extended by the Company. The Company has evaluated the variable interests held by the Company in the LIHTC investment and determined that the Company does not have controlling financial interests in such investment and is not the primary beneficiary.

Transfers of financial assets - Transfers of an entire financial asset, a group of financial assets, or a participating interest in an entire financial asset are accounted for as sales when control over the assets has been relinquished. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when: (1) the assets have been isolated from First Fed, (2) the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and (3) First Fed does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before their maturity. The mortgage loans that are sold with recourse provisions are accounted for as sales until such time as the loan defaults.

First Fed sold mortgage loans in the past with "life of the loan" recourse provisions, requiring First Fed to repurchase the loan at any time if it defaults. The remaining balance of such loans at December 31, 2025 and 2024, was approximately $1.2 million and $1.5 million, respectively. Of these loans, no loans were repurchased during the years ended  December 31, 2025 or 2024. No reserve is recorded for these loans in other liabilities.

Off-balance-sheet credit-related financial instruments - In the ordinary course of business, First Fed has entered into commitments to extend credit, including commitments under lines of credit, commercial letters of credit, and standby letters of credit. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded.

Comprehensive income (loss) - Accounting principles generally require that recognized revenue, expenses, and gains and losses be included in net income (loss). Although certain changes in assets and liabilities, such as unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, are reported as a separate component of the equity section of the consolidated balance sheets, such items, along with net income (loss), are components of comprehensive income (loss).

Dividend restriction - Banking regulations require maintaining certain capital levels and may limit the dividends paid by the Bank to the Company or by the Company to shareholders.

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Components of noninterest income evaluated under Revenue Recognition (Topic 606) - The Company recognizes revenue as it is earned and noted no impact to its revenue recognition policies as a result of the adoption of ASU 2014-09. The following is a discussion of key revenues within the scope of the new revenue guidance.

Deposit fees - The Company earns fees from its deposit customers for account maintenance, transaction-based activity and overdraft services. Account maintenance fees consist primarily of account fees and analyzed account fees charged on deposit accounts on a monthly basis. The performance obligation is satisfied and the fees are recognized on a monthly basis as the service period is completed. Transaction-based fees on deposit accounts are charged to deposit customers for specific services provided to the customer, such as non-sufficient funds fees, overdraft fees, and wire fees. The performance obligation is completed as the transaction occurs and the fees are recognized at the time each specific service is provided to the customer. Deposit fees are included in Service Fees on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Debit card interchange income - Debit and Automated Teller Machine ("ATM") interchange income represent fees earned when a debit card issued by the Company is used. The Company earns interchange fees from debit cardholder transactions through card networks. In addition, the Company earns interchange fees for use of its ATMs by customers of other banking institutions. Interchange fees are based on purchase volumes and other factors and are recognized as transactions occur. The performance obligation is satisfied and the fees are earned when the cost of the transaction is charged to the cardholder's debit card. Certain expenses directly associated with the credit and debit card are netted against interchange income. Debit card interchange income is included in Service Fees on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Third-party credit card interchange income - Third-party credit card interchange income represents fees earned when a credit card issued by the Bank through a third-party vendor is used. Similar to the debit card interchange, the Bank earns an interchange fee for each transaction made with a Bank-branded credit card. The performance obligation is satisfied and the fees are earned when the cost of the transaction is charged to the cardholder's credit card. Certain expenses directly related to the third-party credit card interchange contract are netted against interchange income. Third-party credit card interchange income is included in Service Fees on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Gains/losses on the sale of real estate owned are included in noninterest income or expense, respectively, and are generally recognized when the performance obligation is complete. This accounting treatment is typically at delivery of control over the property to the buyer at the time of each real estate closing.

Advertising costs - First Fed expenses advertising costs as they are incurred.

Fair value measurements - Fair values of financial instruments are estimated using relevant market information and other assumptions (Note 15). Fair value estimates involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment regarding interest rates, credit risk, prepayments, and other factors, especially in the absence of broad markets for particular items. Changes in assumptions or in market conditions could significantly affect these estimates.

Derivative instruments and hedging activities - FASB ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging ("ASC 815"), provides the disclosure requirements for derivatives and hedging activities with the intent to provide users of financial statements with an enhanced understanding of: (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how the entity accounts for derivative instruments and related hedged items, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. Further, qualitative disclosures are required that explain the Company’s objectives and strategies for using derivatives, as well as quantitative disclosures about the fair value of and gains and losses on derivative instruments, and disclosures about credit-risk-related contingent features in derivative instruments.

As required by ASC 815, the Company records all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative, whether the Company has elected to designate a derivative in a hedging relationship and apply hedge accounting and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges. Derivatives may also be designated as hedges of the foreign currency exposure of a net investment in a foreign operation.

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Hedge accounting generally provides for the matching of the timing of gain or loss recognition on the hedging instrument with the recognition of the changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability that are attributable to the hedged risk in a fair value hedge or the earnings effect of the hedged forecasted transactions in a cash flow hedge. The Company may enter into derivative contracts that are intended to economically hedge certain of its risk, even though hedge accounting does not apply, or the Company elects not to apply hedge accounting.

In accordance with the FASB’s fair value measurement guidance in ASU 2011-04, the Company made an accounting policy election to measure the credit risk of its derivative financial instruments that are subject to master netting agreements on a net basis by counterparty portfolio.

Segment information - First Fed is engaged in the business of attracting deposits and providing lending services. Substantially all income is derived from a diverse base of commercial, mortgage, and consumer lending activities and investments. The Company’s activities are a single industry segment for financial reporting purposes based on our operations. See Note 19 for additional information.

Employee Stock Ownership Plan - The cost of shares issued to the ESOP but not yet allocated to participants is shown as a reduction of shareholders' equity. Compensation expense is based on the market price of shares as they are committed to be released to participants' accounts. Dividends on allocated and unallocated ESOP shares reduce debt and accrued interest.

Earnings per Common Share - Earnings per share ("EPS") is computed using the two-class method. The two-class method is an earnings allocation formula that determines earnings per share for each class of common stock and participating security according to dividends declared or accumulated and participation rights in undistributed earnings. Under the two-class method, basic EPS is computed by dividing earnings allocated to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Earnings allocated to common shareholders represents net income reduced by earnings allocated to participating securities. ESOP shares that are committed to be released are outstanding for EPS calculation purposes, while unallocated ESOP shares are not considered outstanding for basic or diluted EPS calculations. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average common shares outstanding plus the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if unvested restricted stock awards were included unless those additional shares would have been anti-dilutive. For the diluted EPS computation, the treasury stock method is applied and compared to the two-class method and whichever method results in a more dilutive impact is utilized to calculate diluted EPS.

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This ASU requires that public business entities disclose, on an annual basis, specific categories in the rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. The ASU requires all entities to disclose on an annual basis (1) the amount of income taxes paid, disaggregated by federal, state and foreign taxes and (2) the amount of income taxes paid disaggregated by individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid is equal or greater than 5 percent of total income taxes paid. The ASU also requires that all entities disclose income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (or benefit) disaggregated between domestic or foreign and income tax expense (or benefit) from continuing operations disaggregated by federal (national), state and foreign. This ASU is effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The adoption of this ASU is reflected in the presentation of Note 10 of the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-01, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope Application of Profits Interest and Similar Awards. ASU 2024-01 added an illustrative example to demonstrate how an entity should apply the scope guidance in paragraph 718-10-15-3 to determine whether a profits interest award should be accounted for in accordance with Topic 718. Awards not meeting the criteria should be accounted for in accordance with Topic 710. The illustrative example provides four fact patterns which are intended to reduce complexity in determining whether a profits interest award is subject to the guidance in Topic 718 and reduce existing diversity in practice. ASU 2024-01 is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

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Recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. ASU 2024-03 requires additional disclosure of the nature of expenses included in the income statement in response to requests from investors for more information to better understand an entity's performance and potential future cash flows. The new standard requires disclosures about specific types of expenses included in the expense captions presented on the face of the income statement as well as disclosures about selling expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-04, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20): Induced Conversions of Convertible Debt Instruments. ASU 202404 clarifies the requirements for determining whether certain settlements of convertible debt instruments should be accounted for as an induced conversion. The amendments do not change the accounting for conversions that include the issuance of all equity securities upon conversion. ASU 2024-04 is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software which clarifies the accounting for costs related to internal-use software. The new guidance clarifies the threshold entities apply to begin capitalizing costs and removes all references to project stages in ASC Subtopic 350-40. ASU 2025-06 is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company does not anticipate this ASU will have a material impact on its financial statements.

In November 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-08, Financial instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Purchased Loans, which amends the guidance in ASC 326 on the accounting for certain purchased loans. Under the ASU, entities must account for acquired loans (excluding credit cards) that meet certain criteria at acquisition ("purchased seasoned loans") by recognizing them at their purchase price plus an allowance for expected credit losses (the "gross-up approach"). ASU 2025-08 also introduces an accounting policy election related to the subsequent measurement of expected credit losses for entities that use a method other than a discounted cash flow analysis to estimate credit losses on purchased seasoned loans. If this accounting policy is elected, entities can use the amortized cost basis of the asset to subsequently measure their credit loss allowance. ASU 2025-08 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted in an interim or annual reporting period in which financial statements have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2025-08 on its consolidated financial statements.

Reclassifications **** - Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current audited financial statement presentation with no effect on net income or shareholders' equity.

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Note 2 - Securities

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and estimated fair value of securities classified as available-for-sale at December 31, 2025, are summarized as follows:

December 31, 2025
(dollars in thousands) Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Estimated Fair Value Allowance for Credit Losses
Available for Sale ****
Municipal bonds $ 92,148 $ — $ (11,896 ) $ 80,252 $ —
U.S. government agency issued asset-backed securities (ABS agency) 11,927 28 (12 ) 11,943 —
Corporate issued asset-backed securities (ABS corporate) 7,963 2 (4 ) 7,961 —
Corporate issued debt securities (Corporate debt) 39,772 251 (1,222 ) 38,801 —
U.S. Small Business Administration securities (SBA) 6,293 18 (18 ) 6,293 —
Mortgage-Backed Securities:
U.S. government agency issued mortgage-backed securities (MBS agency) 101,618 379 (10,341 ) 91,656 —
Non-agency issued mortgage-backed securities (MBS non-agency) 36,128 4 (2,728 ) 33,404 —
Total securities available for sale $ 295,849 $ 682 $ (26,221 ) $ 270,310 $ —

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and estimated fair value of securities classified as available-for-sale at December 31, 2024, are summarized as follows:

December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Estimated Fair Value Allowance for Credit Losses
Available for Sale ****
Municipal bonds $ 93,212 $ — $ (15,336 ) $ 77,876 $ —
ABS agency 12,944 16 (84 ) 12,876 —
ABS corporate 16,065 62 (5 ) 16,122 —
Corporate debt 58,106 55 (3,670 ) 54,491 —
SBA 8,664 18 (16 ) 8,666 —
Mortgage-Backed Securities
MBS agency 111,372 83 (12,758 ) 98,697 —
MBS non-agency 75,902 4 (4,290 ) 71,616 —
Total securities available for sale $ 376,265 $ 238 $ (36,159 ) $ 340,344 $ —

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There were no securities classified as held-to-maturity at  December 31, 2025 and 2024. There was no allowance for credit losses on investment securities recorded at December 31, 2025 and 2024, based on analysis performed by the Company.

Accrued interest receivable on available-for-sale debt securities totaled $1.5 million and $2.0 million as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Accrued interest receivable on securities is reported in accrued interest receivable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and is excluded from the calculation of the allowance for credit losses on investment securities.

The following table shows the unrealized gross losses and fair value of the investment portfolio by length of time that individual securities in each category have been in a continuous loss position as of December 31, 2025:

Less Than Twelve Months Twelve Months or Longer Total
(dollars in thousands) Gross Unrealized Losses Estimated Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Estimated Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Estimated Fair Value
Available for Sale **** **** ****
Municipal bonds $ — $ — $ (11,896 ) $ 80,252 $ (11,896 ) $ 80,252
ABS agency — — (12 ) 4,116 (12 ) 4,116
ABS corporate — — (4 ) 958 (4 ) 958
Corporate debt (8 ) 993 (1,214 ) 27,570 (1,222 ) 28,563
SBA (5 ) 643 (13 ) 2,380 (18 ) 3,023
Mortgage-Backed Securities **** **** ****
MBS agency (31 ) 3,871 (10,310 ) 57,375 (10,341 ) 61,246
MBS non-agency — — (2,728 ) 31,154 (2,728 ) 31,154
Total $ (44 ) $ 5,507 $ (26,177 ) $ 203,805 $ (26,221 ) $ 209,312

The following table shows the unrealized gross losses and fair value of the investment portfolio by length of time that individual securities in each category have been in a continuous loss position as of December 31, 2024:

Less Than Twelve Months Twelve Months or Longer Total
(dollars in thousands) Gross Unrealized Losses Estimated Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Estimated Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Estimated Fair Value
Available for Sale **** **** ****
Municipal bonds $ — $ — $ (15,336 ) $ 77,876 $ (15,336 ) $ 77,876
ABS Agency (21 ) 2,957 (63 ) 6,311 (84 ) 9,268
ABS Corporate — — (5 ) 2,798 (5 ) 2,798
Corporate debt — — (3,670 ) 46,355 (3,670 ) 46,355
SBA (16 ) 3,093 — — (16 ) 3,093
Mortgage-Backed Securities
MBS agency (545 ) 26,531 (12,213 ) 51,181 (12,758 ) 77,712
MBS non-agency (71 ) 9,352 (4,219 ) 57,470 (4,290 ) 66,822
Total $ (653 ) $ 41,933 $ (35,506 ) $ 241,991 $ (36,159 ) $ 283,924

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There were 4 available-for-sale securities with unrealized losses of less than one year, and 131 available-for-sale securities with an unrealized loss of more than one year at December 31, 2025. There were 22 available-for-sale securities with unrealized losses of less than one year, and 144 available-for-sale securities with an unrealized loss of more than one year at December 31, 2024. Management believes that the unrealized losses on our investment securities relate principally to the general change in interest rates, market liquidity and demand, and market volatility that has occurred since the initial purchase, and such unrecognized losses or gains will continue to vary with general interest rate level and market fluctuations in the future. Management does not believe the unrealized losses on our securities are related to a deterioration in credit quality. Certain investments in a loss position are guaranteed by government entities or government sponsored entities. The Company does not intend to sell the securities in an unrealized loss position and believes that it is unlikely that we will be required to sell these investments prior to a market price recovery or maturity. Based on the Company’s evaluation of these securities, no credit impairment was recorded at  December 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investment securities by contractual maturity are shown in the following tables at the dates indicated. Expected maturities of MBS may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties; therefore, these securities are shown separately.

December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Amortized Cost Estimated Fair Value Amortized Cost Estimated Fair Value
Mortgage-backed securities:
Due within one year $ 4,602 $ 4,603 $ 26,690 $ 26,509
Due after one through five years 6,912 6,856 11,564 11,539
Due after five through ten years 7,215 7,012 8,080 7,609
Due after ten years 119,017 106,589 140,940 124,656
Total mortgage-backed securities 137,746 125,060 187,274 170,313
All other investment securities:
Due within one year 1,000 959 — —
Due after one through five years 24,082 23,620 21,559 20,751
Due after five through ten years 45,356 41,453 58,535 53,321
Due after ten years 87,665 79,218 108,897 95,959
Total all other investment securities 158,103 145,250 188,991 170,031
Total investment securities $ 295,849 $ 270,310 $ 376,265 $ 340,344

Sales of available-for-sale securities were as follows:

For the Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Proceeds from sales $ — $ 21,048
Gross realized gains — —
Gross realized losses — (2,117 )

Note 3 - Loans Receivable

The loan portfolio is comprised of three portfolio segments that reflect the Company’s lending strategy and risk management practices. These segments include Real Estate Loans, Consumer Loans, and Commercial Business Loans. Each portfolio segment is further disaggregated into classes of loans with similar attributes and risk characteristics. Management uses these segment and class groupings to evaluate portfolio performance and determine the allowance for credit losses.

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Loan amounts are presented at amortized cost which is comprised of the loan balance net of unearned loan fees in excess of unamortized costs and unamortized purchase premiums of $21.5 million and $19.1 million as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The amortized cost reflected in total loans receivable does not include accrued interest receivable. Accrued interest receivable on loans was $5.0 million and $6.0 million as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and was reported in accrued interest receivable on the consolidated balance sheets and is excluded from the calculation of the allowance for credit losses on loans.

The amortized cost of loans receivable, net of derivative basis adjustment and ACLL, consisted of the following at the dates indicated:

(dollars in thousands) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Real Estate:
One-to-four family $ 376,731 $ 395,315
Multi-family 288,529 332,596
Commercial real estate 402,683 390,379
Construction and land 61,268 78,110
Total real estate loans 1,129,211 1,196,400
Consumer:
Home equity 85,088 79,054
Auto and other consumer 283,502 268,876
Total consumer loans 368,590 347,930
Commercial business loans 130,311 151,493
Total loans receivable 1,628,112 1,695,823
Less:
Derivative basis adjustment (903 ) 188
Allowance for credit losses on loans 16,987 20,449
Total loans receivable, net $ 1,612,028 $ 1,675,186

Loans receivable by the earliest of next repricing date or maturity, at the dates indicated:

(dollars in thousands) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Adjustable-rate loans
Due within one year $ 412,034 $ 391,843
After one but within five years 312,494 323,885
After five but within ten years 28,341 50,004
After ten years 41 —
Total adjustable-rate loans 752,910 765,732
Fixed-rate loans
Due within one year $ 72,026 $ 77,600
After one but within five years 133,589 148,388
After five but within ten years 157,870 180,519
After ten years 511,717 523,584
Total fixed-rate loans 875,202 930,091
Total loans receivable $ 1,628,112 $ 1,695,823

The adjustable-rate loans have interest rate adjustment limitations and are generally indexed to multiple indices. Future market factors may affect the correlation of adjustable loan interest rates with the rates First Fed pays on the short-term deposits that have been primarily used to fund such loans.

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The following table presents the amortized cost of nonaccrual loans by loan class at the dates indicated:

December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Nonaccrual Loans with ACLL Nonaccrual Loans with No ACLL Total Nonaccrual Loans Nonaccrual Loans with ACLL Nonaccrual Loans with No ACLL Total Nonaccrual Loans
One-to-four family $ 91 $ 2,181 $ 2,272 $ 364 $ 1,113 $ 1,477
Commercial real estate 5 9,740 9,745 4 5,594 5,598
Construction and land 7 5,139 5,146 10 19,534 19,544
Home equity 53 — 53 55 — 55
Auto and other consumer 25 1,061 1,086 — 700 700
Commercial business loans 303 3,990 4,293 2,537 604 3,141
Total nonaccrual loans $ 484 $ 22,111 $ 22,595 $ 2,970 $ 27,545 $ 30,515

Interest income recognized on a cash basis on nonaccrual loans for the years ended  December 31, 2025 and 2024, was $132,000 and $201,000, respectively.

Past due loans. Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. There were no loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest at December 31, 2025 and 2024.

The following table presents the amortized cost of past due loans (including both accruing and nonaccruing loans) by segment and class as of December 31, 2025:

(dollars in thousands) 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Current Total loans receivable
Real Estate:
One-to-four family $ 867 $ 1,288 $ 523 $ 2,678 $ 374,053 $ 376,731
Multi-family — — — — 288,529 288,529
Commercial real estate 3,435 — — 3,435 399,248 402,683
Construction and land 1 — 5,146 5,147 56,121 61,268
Total real estate loans 4,303 1,288 5,669 11,260 1,117,951 1,129,211
Consumer:
Home equity — — 53 53 85,035 85,088
Auto and other consumer 3,565 528 1,062 5,155 278,347 283,502
Total consumer loans 3,565 528 1,115 5,208 363,382 368,590
Commercial business loans 19 2,686 270 2,975 127,336 130,311
Total loans receivable $ 7,887 $ 4,502 $ 7,054 $ 19,443 $ 1,608,669 $ 1,628,112

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The following table presents the amortized cost of past due loans (including both accruing and nonaccruing loans) by segment and class as of December 31, 2024:

(dollars in thousands) 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Current Total loans receivable
Real Estate:
One-to-four family $ 333 $ 321 $ 839 $ 1,493 $ 393,822 $ 395,315
Multi-family 876 — — 876 331,720 332,596
Commercial real estate — — 5,594 5,594 384,785 390,379
Construction and land 17 8,150 11,384 19,551 58,559 78,110
Total real estate loans 1,226 8,471 17,817 27,514 1,168,886 1,196,400
Consumer:
Home equity 53 — — 53 79,001 79,054
Auto and other consumer 2,905 437 700 4,042 264,834 268,876
Total consumer loans 2,958 437 700 4,095 343,835 347,930
Commercial business loans 676 — 604 1,280 150,213 151,493
Total loans receivable $ 4,860 $ 8,908 $ 19,121 $ 32,889 $ 1,662,934 $ 1,695,823

Credit quality indicator. Federal regulations provide for the classification of lower quality loans and other assets, such as debt and equity securities, as substandard, doubtful, or loss; risk ratings 6, 7, and 8 in our 8-point risk rating system, respectively. An asset is considered substandard if it is inadequately protected by the current net worth and pay capacity of the borrower or of any collateral pledged. Substandard assets include those characterized by the distinct possibility that First Fed will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Assets classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values. Assets classified as loss are those considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as assets without the establishment of a credit loss reserve is not warranted.

When First Fed classifies problem assets as either substandard or doubtful, it may choose to individually evaluate the expected credit loss or may determine that the characteristics are not significantly different from those in pooled loan analysis. The Company will evaluate individual loans for expected credit losses when those loans do not share similar risk characteristics with loans evaluated using a collective (pooled) basis. When an insured institution classifies problem assets as a loss, it is required to charge off such assets in the period in which they are deemed uncollectible. Assets that do not currently expose First Fed to sufficient risk to warrant classification as substandard or doubtful but possess identified weaknesses are designated as either watch or special mention assets; risk ratings 4 and 5 in our risk rating system, respectively. Loans not otherwise classified are considered pass graded loans and are rated 1-3 in our risk rating system.

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The following table presents the amortized cost of loans receivable by internally assigned risk grade and class of loans as of December 31, 2025, as well as gross charge-off activity for the year ended December 31, 2025. Term loans that are renewed or extended for periods longer than 90 days are presented as a new origination in the year of most recent renewal or extension.

Term Loans by Year of Origination ^(1)^ Revolving Total
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 Prior Loans Loans
One-to-four family
Pass (Grades 1-3) $ 7,571 $ 4,066 $ 8,065 $ 128,413 $ 109,134 $ 113,570 $ — $ 370,819
Watch (Grade 4) — 387 — 292 — 2,355 — 3,034
Special Mention (Grade 5) — — — 529 — 43 — 572
Substandard (Grade 6) — — — 259 — 2,047 — 2,306
Total one-to-four family 7,571 4,453 8,065 129,493 109,134 118,015 — 376,731
Gross charge-offs — — — — — — — —
Multi-family
Pass (Grades 1-3) 8,081 17,738 17,820 80,638 51,091 37,775 — 213,143
Watch (Grade 4) 5,825 9,732 — 22,204 24,889 4,902 — 67,552
Special Mention (Grade 5) 4,531 — 3,303 — — — — 7,834
Total multi-family 18,437 27,470 21,123 102,842 75,980 42,677 — 288,529
Gross charge-offs — — — — — — — —
Commercial Real Estate
Pass (Grades 1-3) 61,864 21,177 44,009 50,828 70,765 89,639 — 338,282
Watch (Grade 4) 3,671 7,572 — 12,118 6,204 3,120 — 32,685
Special Mention (Grade 5) — — — 4,251 3,419 1,771 — 9,441
Substandard (Grade 6) 9,740 — — 5 12,530 — — 22,275
Total commercial real estate 75,275 28,749 44,009 67,202 92,918 94,530 — 402,683
Gross charge-offs 985 — — — 5,586 — — 6,571
Construction and Land
Pass (Grades 1-3) 26,259 24,510 351 1,571 1,477 422 — 54,590
Watch (Grade 4) — 1,532 — — — — — 1,532
Substandard (Grade 6) — — 5,139 — — 7 — 5,146
Total construction and land 26,259 26,042 5,490 1,571 1,477 429 — 61,268
Gross charge-offs — — 1,884 — — — — 1,884
Home Equity
Pass (Grades 1-3) 6,552 4,290 4,257 4,841 3,641 6,138 54,422 84,141
Watch (Grade 4) — 117 182 132 — 23 280 734
Special Mention (Grade 5) — — — — — 9 101 110
Substandard (Grade 6) — — — — — 50 53 103
Total home equity 6,552 4,407 4,439 4,973 3,641 6,220 54,856 85,088
Gross charge-offs — — — — — — — —
Auto and Other Consumer
Pass (Grades 1-3) 65,818 54,755 30,871 41,590 50,744 32,830 822 277,430
Watch (Grade 4) — 1,023 1,167 1,522 386 146 1 4,245
Special Mention (Grade 5) 79 126 393 43 24 76 — 741
Substandard (Grade 6) — 85 640 262 — 99 — 1,086
Total auto and other consumer 65,897 55,989 33,071 43,417 51,154 33,151 823 283,502
Gross charge-offs — 22 228 313 13 32 137 745
Commercial business
Pass (Grades 1-3) 11,921 21,923 12,145 5,452 2,889 19,955 41,274 115,559
Watch (Grade 4) 3,447 1,638 565 251 13 250 1,280 7,444
Special Mention (Grade 5) — 1,457 99 910 211 112 130 2,919
Substandard (Grade 6) 334 96 169 3,514 276 — — 4,389
Total commercial business 15,702 25,114 12,978 10,127 3,389 20,317 42,684 130,311
Gross charge-offs 692 434 — 2,478 2,015 686 — 6,305
Total loans
Pass (Grades 1-3) 188,066 148,459 117,518 313,333 289,741 300,329 96,518 1,453,964
Watch (Grade 4) 12,943 22,001 1,914 36,519 31,492 10,796 1,561 117,226
Special Mention (Grade 5) 4,610 1,583 3,795 5,733 3,654 2,011 231 21,617
Substandard (Grade 6) 10,074 181 5,948 4,040 12,806 2,203 53 35,305
Total loans receivable $ 215,693 $ 172,224 $ 129,175 $ 359,625 $ 337,693 $ 315,339 $ 98,363 $ 1,628,112
Total gross charge-offs $ 1,677 $ 456 $ 2,112 $ 2,791 $ 7,614 $ 718 $ 137 $ 15,505

(1) Term loans that are renewed or extended for periods longer than 90 days are presented as a new origination in the year of the most recent renewal or extension.

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The following table presents the amortized cost of loans receivable by internally assigned risk grade and class of loans as of December 31, 2024, as well as gross charge-off activity for the year ended December 31, 2024. Term loans that are renewed or extended for periods longer than 90 days are presented as a new origination in the year of most recent renewal or extension.

Term Loans by Year of Origination ^(1)^ Revolving Total
(dollars in thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Loans Loans
One-to-four family
Pass (Grades 1-3) $ 1,596 $ 10,315 $ 130,021 $ 116,245 $ 64,869 $ 65,927 $ — $ 388,973
Watch (Grade 4) — — 297 1,305 1,006 2,141 — 4,749
Special Mention (Grade 5) — — — — — 78 — 78
Substandard (Grade 6) — — 273 — 840 402 — 1,515
Total one-to-four family 1,596 10,315 130,591 117,550 66,715 68,548 — 395,315
Gross charge-offs — — — — — — — —
Multi-family
Pass (Grades 1-3) 19,871 31,334 105,919 74,679 49,885 11,299 — 292,987
Watch (Grade 4) 8,755 — 1,764 23,051 1,278 976 — 35,824
Special Mention (Grade 5) — 3,785 — — — — — 3,785
Total multi-family 28,626 35,119 107,683 97,730 51,163 12,275 — 332,596
Gross charge-offs — — — — — — — —
Commercial Real Estate
Pass (Grades 1-3) 35,011 51,514 72,064 97,421 74,182 28,762 — 358,954
Watch (Grade 4) 552 3,779 10,371 — — 767 — 15,469
Special Mention (Grade 5) — — — — 1,255 2,702 — 3,957
Substandard (Grade 6) — — 4 11,995 — — — 11,999
Total commercial real estate 35,563 55,293 82,439 109,416 75,437 32,231 — 390,379
Gross charge-offs — — — — — — — —
Construction and Land
Pass (Grades 1-3) 20,870 15,874 13,638 1,357 504 327 — 52,570
Watch (Grade 4) 213 5,531 — 222 — 30 — 5,996
Substandard (Grade 6) 8,150 11,384 — — — 10 — 19,544
Total construction and land 29,233 32,789 13,638 1,579 504 367 — 78,110
Gross charge-offs — 4,389 — — — — — 4,389
Home Equity
Pass (Grades 1-3) 5,779 5,860 5,868 4,117 2,571 4,620 49,531 78,346
Watch (Grade 4) 122 — 65 — 35 61 326 609
Substandard (Grade 6) — — — — 55 11 33 99
Total home equity 5,901 5,860 5,933 4,117 2,661 4,692 49,890 79,054
Gross charge-offs — — — — — — — —
Auto and Other Consumer
Pass (Grades 1-3) 55,699 46,719 65,193 36,235 12,268 47,728 518 264,360
Watch (Grade 4) 848 786 980 52 217 496 — 3,379
Special Mention (Grade 5) 228 14 — 157 — 38 — 437
Substandard (Grade 6) 240 243 31 — 133 53 — 700
Total auto and other consumer 57,015 47,762 66,204 36,444 12,618 48,315 518 268,876
Gross charge-offs — 505 1,536 92 17 237 107 2,494
Commercial business
Pass (Grades 1-3) 29,228 19,478 8,744 3,633 1,495 40,670 35,209 138,457
Watch (Grade 4) — 136 1,064 314 — — 3 1,517
Special Mention (Grade 5) — — 1,279 1,552 — 2 — 2,833
Substandard (Grade 6) 47 252 3,752 1,818 611 — 2,206 8,686
Total commercial business 29,275 19,866 14,839 7,317 2,106 40,672 37,418 151,493
Gross charge-offs 2,105 259 2,771 2,022 139 — — 7,296
Total loans
Pass (Grades 1-3) 168,054 181,094 401,447 333,687 205,774 199,333 85,258 1,574,647
Watch (Grade 4) 10,490 10,232 14,541 24,944 2,536 4,471 329 67,543
Special Mention (Grade 5) 228 3,799 1,279 1,709 1,255 2,820 — 11,090
Substandard (Grade 6) 8,437 11,879 4,060 13,813 1,639 476 2,239 42,543
Total loans receivable $ 187,209 $ 207,004 $ 421,327 $ 374,153 $ 211,204 $ 207,100 $ 87,826 $ 1,695,823
Total gross charge-offs $ 2,105 $ 5,153 $ 4,307 $ 2,114 $ 156 $ 237 $ 107 $ 14,179

(1) Term loans that are renewed or extended for periods longer than 90 days are presented as a new origination in the year of the most recent renewal or extension.

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***Individually Evaluated Loans.***The Company evaluates loans collectively for purposes of determining the ACLL in accordance with ASC 326 by aggregating loans deemed to possess similar risk characteristics and individually evaluates loans that it believes no longer possess risk characteristics similar to other loans in the portfolio. These loans are typically identified from a substandard or worse internal risk grade, since the specific attributes and risks associated with such loans tend to become unique as the credit deteriorates. Such loans are typically nonperforming, modified loans made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, and/or are deemed collateral dependent, where the ultimate repayment of the loan is expected to come from the operation of or eventual sale of the collateral.

Loans that are deemed by management to possess unique risk characteristics are evaluated individually for purposes of determining an appropriate lifetime ACLL. The Company uses a discounted cash flow approach, using the loan’s effective interest rate, for determining the ACL on individually evaluated loans, unless the loan is deemed collateral dependent. Collateral-dependent loans are evaluated based on the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral, less estimated costs to sell. The Company may increase or decrease the ACLL for collateral-dependent individually evaluated loans based on changes in the estimated expected fair value of the collateral. In cases where the loan is well-secured and the estimated value of the collateral exceeds the amortized cost of the loan, no ACLL is recorded. Changes in the ACLL for all other individually evaluated loans is based substantially on the Company’s evaluation of cash flows expected to be received from such loans.

As of December 31, 2025, $25.9 million of loans were individually evaluated with $151,000 of ACLL attributed to such loans. At December 31, 2025, two individually evaluated loans with recorded investments totaling $303,000 were evaluated using a discounted cash flow approach and the remaining loans totaling $25.6 million were evaluated based on the underlying value of the collateral. One $4.5 million commercial real estate loan was accruing interest at year end, while all other individually evaluated loans were on nonaccrual status at December 31, 2025.

As of December 31, 2024, $35.8 million of loans were individually evaluated with $2.5 million of ACLL attributed to such loans. At December 31, 2024, three individually evaluated loans with recorded investments totaling $2.5 million were evaluated using a discounted cash flow approach and the remaining loans totaling $33.2 million were evaluated based on the underlying value of the collateral. One $6.4 million commercial real estate loan was accruing interest at year end, while the remaining individually evaluated loans were all on nonaccrual status at December 31, 2024.

Collateral-Dependent Loans. Loans that have been classified as collateral dependent are loans where substantially all repayment of the loan is expected to come from the operation of or eventual liquidation of the collateral.

The following table summarizes individually evaluated collateral-dependent loans by class and collateral type as of December 31, 2025:

Collateral Type
(dollars in thousands) Single Family Residence Condominium Multi-family Office Building Gas Station Business Assets Total
One-to-four family $ 2,181 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 2,181
Multi-family — — 4,531 — — — 4,531
Commercial real estate — — — 6,306 3,435 — 9,741
Construction and land — 5,139 — — — — 5,139
Commercial business 2,875 7 — — — 1,108 3,990
Total collateral-dependent loans $ 5,056 $ 5,146 $ 4,531 $ 6,306 $ 3,435 $ 1,108 $ 25,582

The following table summarizes individually evaluated collateral dependent loans by class and collateral type as of December 31, 2024:

Collateral Type
(dollars in thousands) Single Family Residence Warehouse Condominium Automobile Business Assets Total
One-to-four family $ 1,113 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,113
Commercial real estate — 11,995 — — — 11,995
Construction and land 8,150 — 11,384 — — 19,534
Commercial business — — — — 604 604
Total collateral-dependent loans $ 9,263 $ 11,995 $ 11,384 $ — $ 604 $ 33,246

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Modified Loans to Troubled Borrowers. On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2022-02, which introduced new reporting requirements for modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The Company refers to these loans as modified loans to troubled borrowers ("MLTB"). A MLTB arises from a modification made to a loan in order to alleviate temporary difficulties in the borrower’s financial condition and/or constraints on the borrower’s ability to repay the loan, and to minimize potential losses to the Company. GAAP requires that certain types of modifications be reported, which consist of the following: (i) principal forgiveness, (ii) interest rate reduction, (iii) other-than-insignificant payment delay, (iv) term extension, or any combination of the foregoing. The ACLL for a MLTB is measured on a collective basis, as with other loans in the loan portfolio, unless management determines that such loans no longer possess risk characteristics similar to others in the loan portfolio. In those instances, the ACLL for a MLTB is determined through individual evaluation.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, there were three new MLTB. The Bank agreed to modify the rate, extend the interest-only payment period and extend the term for a commercial real estate loan which had a recorded investment of $5.5 million at the time of modification. This commercial real estate loan was in compliance with the modified terms at December 31, 2025. The Bank also agreed to defer payments on a commercial real estate loan with a recorded investment of $4.1 million at the time of modification. This commercial real estate loan was not in compliance with the modified terms at year end and was placed on nonaccrual status. A previously charged-off commercial business loan was reinstated with term and rate modifications. The commercial business loan was not in compliance with the modified terms at December 31, 2025, and was placed on nonaccrual status.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, there were two new MLTB. A commercial business loan with a recorded investment of $17,000 at the time of modification for which the Bank agreed to deferred principal payments and the borrower agreed to resume both principal and interest payments at the end of the deferral period. The commercial business loan was not in compliance with the modified terms at December 31, 2024, and the balance was charged-off. The Bank also agreed to defer payments on a commercial real estate loan with a recorded investment of $6.4 million. The commercial real estate loan was in compliance with the modified terms at December 31, 2024.

Note 4 - Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans ("ACLL")

The Company maintains an ACLL in accordance with ASC 326: Financial Instruments - Credit Losses. ASC 326 requires the Company to recognize estimates for lifetime credit losses on loans at the time of origination or acquisition. The recognition of credit losses at origination or acquisition represents the Company’s best estimate of lifetime expected credit losses, given the facts and circumstances associated with a particular loan or group of loans with similar risk characteristics. The ACLL is recognized in loans receivable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and is adjusted as a provision (recapture of provision) for credit losses on loans on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 effective January 1, 2023, as discussed in Note 1.

The following tables detail activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans by class for the periods shown:

At or For the Year Ended December 31, 2025
(dollars in thousands) Beginning Balance Charge-offs Recoveries (Recapture of) Provision for Credit Losses Ending Balance
One-to-four family $ 4,757 $ — $ — $ (968 ) $ 3,789
Multi-family 2,493 — — (35 ) 2,458
Commercial real estate 2,410 (6,571 ) 32 7,534 3,405
Construction and land 576 (1,884 ) 5 1,964 661
Home equity 1,322 — — 7 1,329
Auto and other consumer 2,687 (745 ) 198 (184 ) 1,956
Commercial business 6,204 (6,305 ) 4,488 (998 ) 3,389
Total $ 20,449 $ (15,505 ) $ 4,723 $ 7,320 $ 16,987

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At or For the Year Ended December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Beginning Balance Charge-offs Recoveries Provision for (Recapture of) Credit Losses Ending Balance
One-to-four family $ 2,975 $ — $ 44 $ 1,738 $ 4,757
Multi-family 1,154 — — 1,339 2,493
Commercial real estate 3,671 — 2 (1,263 ) 2,410
Construction and land 1,889 (4,389 ) — 3,076 576
Home equity 1,077 — — 245 1,322
Auto and other consumer 4,409 (2,494 ) 320 452 2,687
Commercial business 2,335 (7,296 ) 36 11,129 6,204
Total $ 17,510 $ (14,179 ) $ 402 $ 16,716 $ 20,449

***Allowance for Credit Losses on Unfunded Loan Commitments ("ACLUC").***The Company maintains an ACLUC in accordance with ASC 326: Financial Instruments - Credit Losses, as discussed in Note 1. The Company estimates expected credit losses on unfunded, off-balance sheet commitments over the contractual period in which the Company is exposed to credit risk from a contractual obligation to extend credit, unless the obligation is unconditionally cancellable by the Company. The allowance is recognized in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and is adjusted as a provision, or recapture of provision, for credit losses on unfunded commitments on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The allowance for unfunded commitments was $594,000 and $599,000 at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Note 5 - Premises and Equipment

Premises and equipment consist of the following as of:

(dollars in thousands) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Land $ 676 $ 676
Buildings 3,652 3,652
Building improvements 10,450 11,235
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment 6,447 7,483
Software 549 592
Automobiles 12 66
Construction in progress 392 6
Total premises and equipment 22,178 23,710
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization (13,714 ) (13,581 )
Premises and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization $ 8,464 $ 10,129

Depreciation expense was $1.2 million and $1.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company recorded a $358,000 impairment loss on its Bellevue branch leasehold improvements and equipment related to the announced closure of the branch in April 2026. These charges were recorded in other noninterest expense.

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Note 6 - Leases

The Bank has lease agreements with unaffiliated parties for fifteen locations, comprised of eleven full-service branches, three business centers, and a parking easement. Lease expirations range from one to twenty years, with additional renewal options on certain leases ranging from two to ten years. If the exercise of a renewal option is considered to be reasonably certain, the Company includes the extended term in the calculation of the right-of-use asset and lease liability. At December 31, 2025, the Company's ROU assets and lease liabilities were $15.6 million and $16.4 million, respectively.

Total costs incurred by the Company, as a lessee, were $2.7 million and $2.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and principally related to contractual lease payments on operating leases. The Company's leases do not impose significant covenants or other restrictions on the Company. In the second quarter of 2025, the Bank consolidated its Bellevue and Fremont business centers into a new location. As a result, the ROU asset and lease liability balances decreased $1.9 million for the terminated leases and increased $1.3 million related to the lease for the new Seattle business center. An additional decrease of $185,000 was recorded in the fourth quarter of 2025 related to the announced closure of the Bellevue branch in April 2026.

The following table presents amounts relevant to the Company's assets leased for use in its operations for the years ended:

(dollars in thousands) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Operating cash flows from operating leases $ 2,704 $ 2,256
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities 1,264 12,158

The following table presents the weighted-average remaining lease terms and discount rates of the Company's assets leased for use in its operations at:

December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Weighted-average remaining lease term of operating leases (in years) 12.0 12.4
Weighted-average discount rate of operating leases 7.8 % 7.3 %

All lease agreements require the Bank to pay its pro-rata share of building operating expenses. The minimum annual lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases with initial or remaining terms of one year or more through the initial lease term are as follows:

(dollars in thousands) December 31, 2025
Twelve-month period ending:
2026 $ 2,125
2027 2,197
2028 2,124
2029 2,102
2030 2,143
Thereafter 16,447
Total minimum payments required $ 27,138
Less imputed interest 10,699
Present value of lease liabilities $ 16,439

Note 7 - Servicing Rights on Sold Loans

Mortgage loans serviced for FHLB, Fannie Mae, and Freddie Mac are not included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Selected commercial loan balances have also been sold in whole or in part to various participants, including the Main Street Lending Program, with servicing retained by First Fed and are not included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The unpaid principal balances of serviced loans, primarily mortgage loans, were $301.6 million and $329.3 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

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Loan servicing rights for the periods shown are as follows:

For the Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Balance at beginning of period $ 3,281 $ 3,793
Additions 13 38
Change in fair value (280 ) (550 )
Balance at end of period $ 3,014 $ 3,281

The key economic assumptions used in determining the fair value of loan servicing rights for the periods shown are as follows:

For the Year Ended December 31,
2025 2024
Constant prepayment rate 5.9 % 6.8 %
Weighted-average life (years) 6.3 6.4
Yield to maturity discount 11.0 % 11.8 %

The fair values of loan servicing rights were approximately $3.0 million and $3.3 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. See Note 15 Fair Value Measurement for additional information.

The following represents servicing and late fees earned in connection with loan servicing rights and is included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements as a component of noninterest income for the periods shown:

For the Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Servicing fees $ 705 $ 736
Late fees 8 11

The following table represents the hypothetical effect on the fair value of the Company's loan servicing rights using unfavorable shock analyses of certain key valuation assumptions as of December 31, 2025 and 2024. This analysis is presented for hypothetical purposes only. As the amounts indicate, changes in fair value based on changes in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumptions to the change in fair value may not be linear.

For the Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Servicing right fair value $ 3,014 $ 3,281
Constant prepayment rate assumption (weighted-average) 5.9 % 6.8 %
Impact on fair value with a 10% adverse change in prepayment speed $ (104 ) $ (129 )
Impact on fair value with a 20% adverse change in prepayment speed $ (194 ) $ (176 )
Yield to maturity discount assumption (weighted-average) 11.0 % 11.8 %
Impact on fair value with a 10% adverse change in discount rate $ (144 ) $ (184 )
Impact on fair value with a 20% adverse change in discount rate $ (260 ) $ (312 )

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Note 8 - Deposits

Deposits and weighted-average interest rates at the dates indicated are as follows:

December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Amount Weighted- Average Interest Rate Amount Weighted- Average Interest Rate
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits $ 245,760 — % $ 256,416 — %
Interest-bearing demand deposits 143,166 0.19 164,891 0.44
Money market accounts 451,143 2.12 413,822 2.26
Savings accounts 239,258 1.39 205,055 1.35
Certificates of deposit, customer 433,264 3.63 464,928 4.18
Certificates of deposit, brokered 86,510 4.22 182,914 4.73
Total deposits $ 1,599,101 2.04 $ 1,688,026 2.42

The aggregate amount of time deposits issued in excess of the FDIC insured limit, currently $250,000, at December 31, 2025 and 2024, were $164.2 million and $174.4 million, respectively.

Maturities of certificates of deposit at the dates indicated are as follows:

(dollars in thousands) December 31, 2025
Within one year or less $ 450,819
After one year through two years 59,588
After two years through three years 5,483
After three years through four years 2,211
After four years through five years 1,673
Total certificates of deposit $ 519,774

At December 31, 2025 and 2024, deposits included $113.6 million and $100.8 million, respectively, in public fund deposits. The Bank had an outstanding letter of credit from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines ("FHLB") with a notional amount of $60.0 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, to secure public deposits. The notional amount exceeds the minimum collateral requirements established by the Washington Public Deposit Protection Commission. Also included in deposits at December 31, 2025 and 2024, were funds held by federally recognized tribes totaling $31.3 million and $20.1 million, respectively. Investment securities with a carrying value of $40.7 million and $22.8 million were pledged as collateral for these deposits at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The pledged carrying value exceeds the minimum collateral requirements established by the Bureau of Indian Affairs.

Interest on deposits by type for the periods shown was as follows:

For the Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Demand deposits $ 615 $ 777
Money market accounts 10,462 10,017
Savings accounts 3,465 3,512
Certificates of deposit, customer 17,172 17,838
Certificates of deposit, brokered 5,306 10,283
Total deposit interest expense $ 37,020 $ 42,427

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Note 9 - Borrowings

First Fed is a member of the FHLB. As a member, First Fed has a committed line of credit of up to 25% of total assets, subject to the amount of FHLB stock ownership and certain collateral requirements.

First Fed maintains borrowing arrangements with the FHLB to borrow funds under long-term, fixed-rate advance agreements. First Fed also has overnight borrowings through FHLB which renew daily until paid. First Fed periodically uses fixed-rate advances maturing in less than one year as an alternative source of funds. All borrowings are secured by collateral consisting of single-family, home equity, commercial real estate, and multi-family loans receivable in the amounts of $871.3 million and $951.8 million at  December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Bank had outstanding letters of credit from the FHLB with notional amounts of $60.0 million to secure public deposits and $772,000 to secure the Bellevue, Washington branch lease at December 31, 2025.

First Fed also has an established borrowing arrangement with the Federal Reserve Board of San Francisco ("FRB") to utilize the discount window for short-term borrowing. Available borrowing capacity was $17.3 million and $17.9 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. A borrowing test was performed in *June 2025.*Investment securities with a carrying value of $18.0 million and $18.6 million were pledged to the FRB at  December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

On March 25, 2021, the Company completed a private placement of $40.0 million of 3.75% fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes due 2031 (the "Notes") to certain qualified institutional buyers and institutional accredited investors. The net proceeds to the Company from the sale of the Notes were approximately $39.3 million after deducting placement agent fees and other offering expenses. The Notes have been structured to qualify as Tier 2 capital for the Company for regulatory capital purposes. The Company used the net proceeds of the offering for general corporate purposes. Beginning in April 2026, the interest rate will reset quarterly to the three-month SOFR plus 300-basis points. In March 2025, the Company redeemed $5.0 million of the Notes at a discount, resulting in a reduction to the outstanding balance and a $905,000 gain on extinguishment of debt recorded in noninterest income.

On May 20, 2022, First Northwest began a borrowing arrangement with NexBank for a revolving line of credit. The agreement was modified in 2025 and the new terms allow a maximum extension of credit of $15.0 million. Borrowings are secured by a blanket lien on First Northwest's personal property assets (with certain exclusions), including all the outstanding shares of First Fed, cash, loans receivable, and limited partnership investments. The Company was in compliance with all covenants at December 31, 2025, including fixed coverage, Tier 1 leverage, and risk-based capital ratio minimum requirements and classified assets to Tier 1 capital and Texas ratio maximum requirements. The line of credit matures on November 16, 2026.

In October 2023, PCBB extended a $50.0 million unsecured Fed Funds Borrowing Facility to the Bank. The Bank must maintain a minimum demand deposit account average balance of $250,000 with PCBB. Availability of funds are not guaranteed and facility usage is generally limited to ten consecutive days. Available borrowing capacity was $50.0 million at December 31, 2025. A borrowing test was performed in June 2025. This credit facility is authorized for use through December 2027.

FHLB advances, line of credit, and subordinated debt outstanding by type of advance were as follows:

(dollars in thousands) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Long-term advances $ 160,000 $ 160,000
Overnight variable-rate advances 100,000 130,000
Line of credit 13,500 6,500
Subordinated debt, net 34,643 39,514

The maximum and average outstanding balances and average interest rates on FHLB overnight variable-rate advances were as follows:

For the Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Maximum outstanding at any month-end $ 130,000 $ 270,000
Monthly average outstanding 87,500 137,750
Weighted-average daily interest rates
Annual 4.18 % 5.38 %
Period End 4.00 % 4.64 %
Interest expense during the period 3,832 6,937

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The maximum and average outstanding balances and average interest rates on FHLB long-term, fixed-rate advances were as follows:

For the Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Maximum outstanding at any month-end $ 170,000 $ 170,000
Monthly average outstanding 167,083 136,250
Weighted-average interest rates
Annual 3.86 % 3.35 %
Period End 4.03 % 3.63 %
Interest expense during the period 6,527 4,455

The amounts by year of maturity and weighted-average interest rate of FHLB long-term, fixed-rate advances are as follows:

December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Amount Weighted- Average Interest Rate Amount Weighted- Average Interest Rate
Within one year or less $ 75,000 3.92 % $ 30,000 1.93 %
After one year through two years 60,000 3.97 55,000 3.86
After two years through three years 25,000 4.50 50,000 3.96
After three years through four years — — 25,000 4.50
Total FHLB long-term, fixed rate advances $ 160,000 4.03 $ 160,000 3.63

The maximum and average outstanding balances and average interest rates on the line of credit were as follows:

For the Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Maximum outstanding at any month-end $ 15,000 $ 10,000
Monthly average outstanding 11,192 6,635
Weighted-average interest rates
Annual 8.07 % 9.41 %
Period End 7.25 % 8.00 %
Interest expense during the period 904 623

The maximum and average outstanding balances and average interest rates on subordinated debt were as follows:

For the Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Maximum outstanding at any month-end $ 39,527 $ 39,514
Monthly average outstanding 35,542 39,475
Weighted-average interest yields
Annual 3.99 % 4.00 %
Period End 4.10 % 3.99 %
Interest expense during the period 1,419 1,578

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Note 10 - Income Taxes

Income tax expense is substantially due to Federal income taxes. The Company accrues a provision for income tax for certain states in which we have both employees and collateral for loans, thereby creating nexus in those states for income tax purposes. The provision for income taxes for the periods shown is summarized as follows:

For the Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Current
Federal $ 789 $ 437
State and local (18 ) 28
Total current 771 465
Deferred
Federal (2,057 ) (1,335 )
State and local 43 (74 )
Total deferred (2,014 ) (1,409 )
Total benefit for income tax $ (1,243 ) $ (944 )

A reconciliation of the tax provision (benefit) based on statutory corporate tax rates, estimated to be 21% for the year ended December 31, 2025, on pre-tax income and the provision (benefit) shown in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations for the periods shown is summarized as follows:

For the Year Ended For the Year Ended
December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Amount Rate Amount Rate
Federal income tax computed at statutory rates $ (1,141 ) 21.00 % $ (1,587 ) 21.00 %
State taxes ^(1)^ 18 (0.33 ) (37 ) 0.49
Nondeductible or nontaxable items:
Tax-exempt income, net of amount disallowed (9 ) 0.17 39 (0.52 )
Bank-owned life insurance income (609 ) 11.20 (568 ) 7.52
Bank-owned life insurance early surrender of contract — — 1,172 (15.51 )
Bank-owned life insurance penalty for early surrender of contract 266 (4.90 ) 261 (3.46 )
Other nondeductible (28 ) 0.52 (44 ) 0.58
Other adjustments:
Low-income housing tax credits, net ^(2)^ (69 ) 1.26 (43 ) 0.57
Other, net 329 (6.05 ) (137 ) 1.82
Total benefit for income tax $ (1,243 ) 22.87 % $ (944 ) 12.49 %
(1) California made up the majority of the state tax expense.
(2) Policy election to present all LIHTC components as one item using the proportional amortization method.

The following table presents income taxes paid (net of refunds) by jurisdiction for the periods shown:

For the Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Federal $ — $ —
States 12 83
Total taxes paid $ 12 $ 83

As a result of the bad debt deductions taken in years prior to 1988, retained earnings include accumulated earnings of approximately $6.4 million, on which federal income taxes have not been provided. If, in the future, this portion of retained earnings is used for any purpose other than to absorb losses on loans or on property acquired through foreclosure, federal income taxes may be imposed at the then-prevailing corporate tax rates. The Company does not contemplate that such amounts will be used for any purpose that would create a federal income tax liability; therefore, no provision has been made.

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Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. These calculations are based on many complex factors including estimates of the timing of reversals of temporary differences, the interpretation of federal income tax laws, and a determination of the differences between the tax and the financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ significantly from the estimates and interpretations used in determining the current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities.

As of December 31, 2025, the Company has a cumulative Federal net operating loss of $19.9 million. This net operating loss is not subject to expiration and is able to offset 80% of taxable income in each future year. We believe there will be sufficient income in future years to utilize the loss and, therefore, a valuation allowance is not necessary. In 2023, the Company wrote off its investment in Quin Ventures. The $8.4 million tax loss as a result of the investment being written off contributed to an overall Federal net operating loss carryforward of $8.0 million which was included in the Company's consolidated tax provision for the year ended  December 31, 2024.

The Company applies the provisions of FASB ASC 740 that require the application of a more-likely-than-not recognition criterion for the reporting of uncertain tax positions on its financial statements. The Company had no unrecognized tax assets at December 31, 2025 and 2024. Interest and penalties are recognized in income tax expense. The Company recognized no interest or penalties during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024. The Company files consolidated income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and is no longer subject to tax examinations for years ending before December 31, 2022.

The components of net deferred tax assets and liabilities at the periods shown are summarized as follows:

(dollars in thousands) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Deferred tax assets
Allowance for credit losses on loans $ 3,755 $ 4,517
Unrealized loss on securities available for sale 5,455 7,750
Unrealized loss on defined benefit plan 424 485
Unrealized loss on hedge 209 5
Accrued compensation 166 116
Deferred compensation 350 394
Nonaccrual loans 86 2
ESOP timing differences 174 173
Restricted stock awards 114 302
Deferred lease liabilities 3,511 3,763
Net operating loss carryforward 4,250 1,710
Tax credits carryforward 542 207
Other assets 513 1,103
Total deferred tax assets 19,549 20,527
Deferred tax liabilities
Deferred loan fees 1,116 1,029
Bank-owned life insurance early surrender of contract — 568
Accumulated depreciation 316 459
Outside basis differences in pass-through entity investments 389 545
Defined benefit plan 489 540
Right of use assets 3,331 3,648
Other liabilities 270 —
Total deferred tax liabilities 5,911 6,789
Deferred tax asset, net $ 13,638 $ 13,738

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Note 11 - Benefit Plans

Single-employer Pension Plan

Effective March 23, 2021, the Company established the First Federal Defined Benefit Plan ("Bank DB Plan"), a single-employer plan. On March 23, 2021, all assets and liabilities were transferred from the prior Pentegra Defined Benefit Plan for Financial Institutions to the newly established Bank DB Plan.

The Bank DB Plan is a defined benefit pension plan covering current and former employees. Benefits available under the plan are frozen. As a result, no new participants are allowed. The plan provides defined benefits based on years of service and final average salary prior to the freeze. The measurement date for this plan is December 31.

A related prior service cost of $1.2 million and $1.3 million, net of tax, was included in accumulated other comprehensive loss on the Company's balance sheet at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The prior service cost is expected to be amortized over 15 years.

The following table summarizes the changes in benefit obligations and plan assets for the periods shown:

(dollars in thousands) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Change in fair value of plan assets **** ****
Fair value at beginning of period $ 10,217 $ 10,923
Actual return on plan assets 801 38
Company contributions — 27
Benefits paid (843 ) (771 )
Fair value at end of period $ 10,175 $ 10,217
Change in projected benefit obligation **** ****
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of period $ 9,957 $ 10,398
Interest cost 487 461
Actuarial loss 267 (131 )
Benefits paid (843 ) (771 )
Projected benefit obligation at end of period $ 9,868 $ 9,957
Funded status at period end $ 307 $ 260
Amounts recognized on Consolidated Balance Sheet **** ****
Other assets $ 307 $ 260
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (1,571 ) (1,788 )
Net amount recognized $ 1,878 $ 2,048
Other changes recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) **** ****
Net (gain) loss $ (126 ) $ 252
Amortization of prior service cost credit (150 ) (150 )
Net periodic benefit cost (income) $ (276 ) $ 102
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine projected obligation **** ****
Discount rate 5.35 % 5.45 %
Rate of compensation increase N/A N/A

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The Company does not expect to make a contribution to the Bank DB Plan in 2026. It is the policy of the Company to fund no less than the minimum funding amount required by ERISA. The following table sets forth the components of net periodic benefit cost and other amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss for the periods shown:

For the Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Components of net periodic benefit cost **** ****
Interest cost $ 487 $ 461
Expected return on plan assets (408 ) (421 )
Amortization of prior service cost 150 150
Net periodic benefit cost $ 229 $ 190
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net cost **** ****
Discount rate 5.45 % 4.90 %
Expected long-term return on plan assets 5.60 % 5.30 %
Rate of compensation increase N/A N/A

The expected long-term return on plan assets assumption was developed as a weighted average rate based on the target asset allocation of the plan and the Long-Term Capital Market Assumptions for the corresponding fiscal year end. Gains and losses are recognized in accordance with the standard amortization provisions of the applicable accounting guidance. The Company's net periodic benefit income recognized for the Bank DB Plan is sensitive to the discount rate and expected return on plan assets.

From initial funding in the first quarter of 2021 through December 31, 2025, the Bank DB Plan assets have been invested primarily in fixed income and large U.S. equity funds, with additional investments in international equity, real estate, and small/mid-range U.S. equity funds. The target allocations for 2026 by asset category are presented in the table below.

Asset Category
Fixed Income 80% - 100%
U.S. Equities 0% - 30%
Non-U.S. Equities 0% - 20%
Real Assets 0% - 10%

Benefit payments projected to be made from the Bank DB Plan are as follows:

(dollars in thousands) December 31, 2025
Estimated future benefit payments
2026 $ 2,110
2027 730
2028 670
2029 620
2030 880
Years 2031-2035 3,340
Thereafter 1,518
Projected benefit obligation $ 9,868

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Fair value measurements, including descriptions of Level 1, 2, and 3 of the fair value hierarchy and the valuation methods employed by the Company are provided in Note 15 - Fair Value Measurements. Plan investment assets measured at fair value by level and in total are as follows:

December 31, 2025
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs
(dollars in thousands) (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Total
Large U.S. Equity $ 1,584 $ — $ — $ 1,584
Small/Mid U.S. Equity 139 — — 139
International Equity 440 — — 440
Fixed Income 8,012 — — 8,012
Total DB plan investments $ 10,175 $ — $ — $ 10,175
December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs
(dollars in thousands) (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Total
Large U.S. Equity $ 1,516 $ — $ — $ 1,516
Small/Mid U.S. Equity 130 — — 130
International Equity 410 — — 410
Fixed Income 8,161 — — 8,161
Total DB plan investments $ 10,217 $ — $ — $ 10,217

Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan

First Fed also sponsors a nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan ("DCP") for members of the Board of Directors and eligible officer-level employees. This plan, approved by the Board on February 1, 2012, allows eligible participants to defer and invest a portion of their earnings in a selection of investment options identified in the plan at no expense to First Fed. All deferrals are remitted to Principal, the Plan Administrator, and held in a trust. The aggregate balance held in trust at December 31, 2025, was $1.4 million. The Company's obligation to make payments under the DCP is a general obligation of the Company and is to be paid from the Company's general assets. As such, participants are general unsecured creditors of the Company with respect to their participation of the plan. The market value of the DCP assets is recorded in "other assets" and the related liability to participants is recorded in "other liabilities" on the Balance Sheet.

The Company also has agreements with certain key officers that provide for potential payments upon retirement, disability, termination, change in control and death.

401(k) Plan

First Fed maintains a single-employer 401(k) plan. Employees may contribute up to 100% of their pre-tax compensation to the 401(k) plan, subject to regulatory limits. First Fed provides matching funds of 50% limited to the first 6% of salary contributed. First Fed's contributions were $554,000 and $543,000 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Employee Stock Ownership Plan

In connection with the mutual to stock conversion, the Company established an ESOP for eligible employees of the Company and the Bank. Employees of the Company who have been credited with at least 1,000 hours of service during a 12-month period are eligible to participate in the ESOP.

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Pursuant to the Plan, the ESOP purchased in the open market 8% of the common stock originally issued in the mutual to stock conversion. As of December 31, 2025, 1,048,029 shares, or 100% of the total, have been purchased in the open market at an average price of $12.45 per share with funds borrowed from First Northwest. The Bank will make contributions to the ESOP in amounts necessary to amortize the ESOP loan payable to First Northwest over a period of 20 years, bearing estimated interest at 2.46%.

Shares purchased by the ESOP with the loan proceeds are held in a suspense account and allocated to ESOP participants on a pro rata basis as principal and interest payments are made by the ESOP to the Company. The loan is secured by shares purchased with the loan proceeds and will be repaid by the ESOP with funds from the Bank's discretionary contributions to the ESOP and earnings on the ESOP assets. Annual principal and interest payments of $835,000 and $837,000 were made by the ESOP during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

As shares are committed to be released from collateral, the Company reports compensation expense equal to the average daily market prices of the shares and the shares become outstanding for EPS computations. The compensation expense is accrued monthly throughout the year. Dividends on allocated and unallocated ESOP shares will be recorded as a reduction of debt and accrued interest.

Compensation expense related to the ESOP for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, was $376,000 and $353,000, respectively.

Shares issued to the ESOP as of the dates indicated are as follows:

(dollars in thousands, except share data) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Allocated shares 545,097 492,208
Committed-to-be-released shares 26,442 26,442
Unallocated shares 476,490 529,379
Total ESOP shares issued 1,048,029 1,048,029
Fair value of unallocated shares $ 4,469 $ 5,400

Stock-based Compensation

In May 2020, the Company's shareholders approved the First Northwest Bancorp 2020 Equity Incentive Plan ("2020 EIP"), which provides for the grant of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock shares or restricted stock units, and performance share awards to eligible participants through May 2030. The cost of awards under the 2020 EIP generally is based on the fair value of the awards on their grant date. The maximum number of shares that may be utilized for awards under the 2020 EIP is 520,000. At December 31, 2025, there were 95,789 total shares available for grant under the 2020 EIP, all of which are available to be granted as restricted shares, performance shares, options or stock appreciation rights.

As a result of the approval of the 2020 EIP, the First Northwest Bancorp 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2015 EIP") was frozen and no additional awards will be made. As of December 31, 2025, there were no shares available for grant under the 2015 EIP. The final shares granted under the 2015 EIP vested in the second quarter of 2025.

There were 151,650 and 81,181 shares of restricted stock awarded, respectively, during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024. Restricted share awards vest ratably over periods ranging from one to five years from the date of grant provided the eligible participant remains in service to the Company. The Company recognizes compensation expense for the restricted stock awards based on the fair value of the shares at the grant date amortized over the vesting period.

In addition, there were 33,251 and no performance shares awarded, respectively, during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024. Performance share awards vest in accordance with the terms outlined in each award agreement. The Company recognizes compensation expense for the performance share awards based on the fair value of the shares at the grant date amortized over the performance period.

For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, total stock compensation expense for the 2015 and 2020 EIPs was $733,000 and $957,000, respectively.

Included in the above stock compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, was directors' stock compensation of $248,000 and $242,000, respectively.

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The following tables provide a summary of changes in non-vested restricted awards for the year ended December 31, 2025:

Shares Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested at January 1, 2025 97,064 $ 14.46
Granted 184,901 9.43
Vested (49,544 ) 14.65
Canceled ^(1)^ (11,221 ) 14.65
Forfeited (59,103 ) 12.06
Non-vested at December 31, 2025 162,097 9.53
(1) A surrender of vested stock awards by a participant surrendering the number of shares valued at the current stock price at the vesting date to cover the participant's tax obligation of the vested shares. The surrendered shares are canceled and are unavailable for reissue.
---

As of December 31, 2025, there was $1.1 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted shares. The cost is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average vesting period which is approximately 2.20 years.

Note 12 - Regulatory Capital Requirements

Under Federal regulations, pre-conversion retained earnings are restricted for the protection of pre-conversion depositors. The Company is a financial holding company under the supervision of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. Financial holding companies are subject to capital adequacy requirements of the Federal Reserve Board under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, and the regulations of the Federal Reserve Board. The Bank is a federally insured institution and thereby is subject to the capital requirements established by the FDIC. The Federal Reserve Board capital requirements generally parallel the FDIC requirements. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company's financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Bank’s assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Bank’s capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors. Prompt corrective action provisions are not applicable to financial holding companies.

The minimum requirements are a ratio of common equity Tier 1 capital ("CET1 capital") to total risk-weighted assets the ("CET1 risk-based ratio") of 4.5%, a Tier 1 capital ratio of 6.0%, a total capital ratio of 8.0%, and a leverage ratio of 4.0%. In addition to the minimum regulatory capital ratios, First Northwest and First Fed must maintain a capital conservation buffer consisting of additional CET1 capital greater than 2.5% of risk-weighted assets in order to avoid limitations on paying dividends, engaging in share repurchases, and paying discretionary bonuses based on percentages of retained income that could be utilized for such actions. At December 31, 2025, the Bank's CETI capital exceeded the required capital conservation buffer.

At periodic intervals, banking regulators routinely examine First Northwest and First Fed as part of their legally prescribed oversight of the banking industry. A future examination could include a review of certain transactions or other amounts reported in the Company's consolidated financial statements. Based on these examinations, the regulators can direct that the Company's consolidated financial statements be adjusted in accordance with their findings. In view of the uncertain regulatory environment in which First Northwest and First Fed operate, the extent, if any, to which a forthcoming regulatory examination may ultimately result in adjustments to the accompanying consolidated financial statements cannot presently be determined.

At December 31, 2025, First Fed exceeded all regulatory capital requirements. As of December 31, 2025, the most recent regulatory notifications categorized First Fed as "well capitalized" under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. To be categorized as "well capitalized," the Bank must maintain minimum total risk-based, CET1 risk-based, Tier 1 risk-based, and Tier 1 leverage ratios as set forth in the following table. There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed First Fed’s category.

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Actual and required capital amounts and ratios are presented for First Fed in the following table:

Actual For Capital Adequacy Purposes To Be Categorized As Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provision
(dollars in thousands) Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio
As of December 31, 2025 **** **** ****
Common equity tier 1 capital $ 198,895 12.49 % $ 71,656 4.50 % $ 103,504 6.50 %
Tier 1 risk-based capital 198,895 12.49 95,542 6.00 127,389 8.00
Total risk-based capital 215,737 13.55 127,389 8.00 159,236 10.00
Tier 1 leverage capital 198,895 9.51 83,639 4.00 104,549 5.00
As of December 31, 2024 **** **** ****
Common equity tier 1 capital $ 208,836 12.44 % $ 75,515 4.50 % $ 109,077 6.50 %
Tier 1 risk-based capital 208,836 12.44 100,686 6.00 134,248 8.00
Total risk-based capital 228,409 13.61 134,248 8.00 167,810 10.00
Tier 1 leverage capital 208,836 9.39 88,930 4.00 111,163 5.00

Note 13 - Related Party Transactions

Certain directors and executive officers are also customers who transact business with First Fed. All loans and commitments included in such transactions were made in compliance with applicable laws on substantially the same terms (including interest rates and collateral) as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other persons and do not involve more than the normal risk of collectability or present any other unfavorable features.

The following table presents the activity in loans to directors and executive officers for the periods shown:

For the Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Beginning balance $ 9,808 $ 236
Loan advances — 525
Loan repayments (157 ) (676 )
Reclassifications ^(1)^ (6,597 ) 9,723
Ending balance $ 3,054 $ 9,808
(1) Represents loans that were once considered related party but are no longer considered related party and loans that were not related party that subsequently became related party loans.

Deposits and certificates from related parties totaled $8.4 million and $7.0 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Note 14 - Commitments and Contingencies

First Fed is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments generally represent a commitment to extend credit in the form of loans. The instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets.

First Fed’s exposure to credit loss, in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit, is represented by the contractual notional amount of those instruments. First Fed uses the same credit policies in making commitments as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments. Management does not anticipate any material loss as a result of these transactions.

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Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established by the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many of these commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. First Fed evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. First Fed did not incur any significant losses on its commitments for the years ended December 31, 2025, and 2024.

The following financial instruments were outstanding whose contract amounts represent credit risk at:

(dollars in thousands) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Commitments to grant loans $ 747 $ —
Standby letters of credit 408 2,017
Unfunded commitments under lines of credit or existing loans 167,489 163,827

The Company has future funding obligations related to partnership investments, with remaining off‑balance sheet commitments totaling $2.3 million.

Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Investments - The carrying value of the unconsolidated LIHTC investment was $4.1 million and $4.5 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized tax benefits of $14,000 and $292,000 and proportional amortization of $13,000 and $251,000, respectively.

Total unfunded contingent commitments related to the Company’s LIHTC investment totaled $1.4 million and $2.4 million, at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company expects to fund LIHTC commitments of $1.3 million during the year ending  December 31, 2026, with the remaining commitment of $24,000 funded prior to December 31, 2027. There were no impairment losses on the Company’s LIHTC investment during the years ended  December 31, 2025 and 2024.

Legal contingencies - In the normal course of business, the Company may have various legal claims and other similar contingent matters outstanding for which a loss may be realized. For these claims, the Company establishes a liability for contingent losses when it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. For claims determined to be reasonably possible but not probable of resulting in a loss, a liability will not be reserved but the amount of loss or a range of possible losses may be disclosed if the amount can be reasonably estimated.

Water Station Management Litigation

As the Company previously disclosed, on August 27, 2024, involuntary bankruptcy proceedings were commenced against Creative Technologies, LLC, Water Station Management, LLC ("Water Station Management") and Refreshing USA, LLC (collectively the "OpCo Debtors"), certain of which were borrowers of the Bank. In addition, on September 5, 2024, Ideal Property Investments LLC ("Ideal" and, together with the OpCo Debtors, the "Debtors"), also a borrower of the Bank, filed a voluntary petition for bankruptcy in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Washington. On November 8, 2024, Ideal commenced an adversary proceeding in such bankruptcy proceedings against the Bank, seeking to avoid certain transactions with the Bank under a theory of constructive fraudulent transfer or, in the alternative, to recharacterize them (the "Adversary Proceeding").

On July 17, 2025, the Bank, the OpCo Debtors, Ideal and the Joint Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors of the Debtors entered into a Settlement Agreement, Plan Support Agreement and Release (the "Settlement Agreement") to resolve the Adversary Proceeding and any other claims of the parties. Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement, the Bank agreed, in exchange for, among other things, a release of all claims of the parties to the Settlement Agreement, to (i) release certain liens against the property of the Debtors and (ii) make certain cash payments of not less than $2.87 million and not more than $5.74 million, with the amount within that range to be determined by the percentage of certain unsecured creditors of the OpCo Debtors that enter into a mutual release of all claims related to the Debtors with the Bank and the Company under the OpCo Debtors’ Chapter 11 plan of liquidation. The OpCo Debtors' Chapter 11 plan of liquidation was confirmed on September 9, 2025, with more than the 80% threshold of eligible creditors opting in to a mutual release under which they released claims against the Company in exchange for a reciprocal release, and the remainder of eligible creditors choosing not to release claims against the Company or obtain a reciprocal release.

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The Bank subsequently paid the amounts required under the Settlement Agreement, utilizing $5.74 million of the $5.75 million previously reserved in the first quarter of 2025 as a noninterest expense. The Bank pursued reimbursement from its insurance carrier. The insurance carrier paid $3.3 million of legal and settlement fees directly to third parties. In addition, the Bank received a $1.7 million insurance reimbursement in October 2025 to offset costs associated with the litigation described above, which is included in other income.

Pursuant to the terms of the Settlement Agreement, the Bank maintains an unsecured creditors' claim in the amount of $30.6 million. The Bank is uncertain about the total amount that may be recovered from this claim through the bankruptcy proceeding and, therefore, has not established a receivable or income for this matter.

3|5|2 Capital Litigation

On June 10, 2025, 3|5|2 Capital GP LLC, on behalf of 3|5|2 Capital ABS Master Fund LP (collectively, "3|5|2 Capital"), filed a complaint (the "3|5|2 Complaint") against First Fed, in the Superior Court of the State of Washington for King County, arising from 3|5|2 Capital’s alleged investment in bonds of Water Station Management. The 3|5|2 Complaint alleges that Water Station Management and certain affiliated individuals and entities misappropriated over $100 million by using the proceeds from a bond offering to repay earlier investors and creditors, including the Bank, rather than for the disclosed purpose of expanding Water Station Management’s business. The 3|5|2 Complaint asserts claims against the Bank for aiding and abetting the alleged fraud, conspiracy to commit fraud, unjust enrichment, and constructive trust, and seeks various forms of relief, including not less than $106.9 million in compensatory damages plus interest, unspecified punitive damages, and attorneys' fees and costs. The Company strongly disputes the allegations contained in the 3|5|2 Complaint and is vigorously defending against the claims. On September 30, 2025, First Fed filed its Answer, Affirmative Defenses, and Counterclaims, which include a counterclaim alleging that 3|5|2 Capital aided and abetted a fraudulent scheme perpetrated by Ryan Wear, Water Station, and certain affiliated entities, causing damage to the Bank.

On January 30, 2026, First Fed filed its Amended Answer, Affirmative Defenses, and Counterclaims adding Leucadia Asset Management, LLC to the litigation with 3|5|2 Capital. The Bank is now waiting for a response.

Socotra REIT I Litigation

On October 17, 2025, Socotra REIT I, LLC filed a complaint (the "Socotra Complaint") against First Fed, in the Superior Court of the State of Washington for King County. The Socotra Complaint alleges that First Fed made misrepresentations, committed fraudulent acts, converted funds, and violated Washington’s Consumer Protection Act in connection with a $7.7 million commercial loan from Socotra to Ideal that paid down $4.0 million in First Fed secured obligations, and seeks unspecified damages including restitution, statutory penalties, and attorneys' fees and costs. The Company strongly disputes the allegations contained in the Socotra Complaint and intends to vigorously defend against the claims made therein. On December 8, 2025, First Fed filed its Answer and Affirmative Defenses. The Bank is now waiting for a response.

Significant group concentrations of credit risk - Concentration of credit risk is the risk associated with a lack of diversification, such as having substantial loan concentrations in a specific type of loan within First Fed’s loan portfolio, thereby exposing First Fed to greater risks resulting from adverse economic, political, regulatory, geographic, industrial, or credit developments. Loans to one borrower are subject to the state banking regulations general limitation of 20 percent of First Fed’s equity, excluding accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). At December 31, 2025 and 2024, First Fed’s most significant concentration of credit risk was in loans secured by real estate. These loans totaled approximately $1.25 billion and $1.33 billion, or 76.9% and 78.3%, of First Fed’s total loan portfolio at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Real estate construction, including land acquisition and land development, commercial real estate, multi-family, home equity, and one-to-four family residential loans, are included in the total loans secured by real estate for purposes of this calculation.

At December 31, 2025 and 2024, First Fed’s most significant investment portfolio exposure was with U.S. Government, its agencies, and Government-Sponsored Enterprises ("GSEs"). First Fed’s exposure, which results from positions in securities issued by the U.S. Government, its agencies, and securities guaranteed by GSEs, was $123.0 million and $134.7 million, or 43.4% and 38.0% of First Fed’s total investment portfolio (including FHLB stock), at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. At  December 31, 2025 and 2024, First Fed's second most significant investment concentration of credit risk was from municipal bonds totaling $80.3 million and $77.9 million, or 28.3% and 22.0% of the total investment portfolio, respectively.

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Note 15 - Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is the price to sell an asset or transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants in the Company’s principal market. The Company has established and documented its process for determining the fair values of its assets and liabilities, where applicable. Fair value is based on quoted market prices, when available, for identical or similar assets or liabilities. In the absence of quoted market prices, management determines the fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities using valuation models or third-party pricing services, both of which rely on market-based parameters when available, such as interest rate yield curves, option volatilities and credit spreads, or unobservable inputs. Unobservable inputs may be based on management’s judgment, assumptions, and estimates related to credit quality, liquidity, interest rates, and other relevant inputs.

Any changes to valuation methodologies are reviewed by management to ensure they are relevant and justified. Valuation methodologies are refined as more market-based data becomes available.

A three-level valuation hierarchy is used in determining fair value that is based on the transparency of the inputs used in the valuation process. The inputs used in determining fair value in each of the three levels of the hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1 - Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 - Either: (i) quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; (ii) observable inputs, such as interest rates or yield curves; or (iii) inputs derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs.

The hierarchy gives the highest ranking to Level 1 inputs and the lowest ranking to Level 3 inputs. The level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the overall fair value measurement.

The Company used the following methods to measure fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis.

Securities available for sale: Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified as Level 1. Level 1 instruments include highly liquid government bonds, securities issued by the U.S. Treasury, and exchange-traded equity securities. If quoted prices are not available, management determines fair value using pricing models, quoted prices of similar securities, which are considered Level 2, or discounted cash flows. In certain cases, where there is limited activity in the market for an instrument, assumptions must be made to determine their fair value. Such instruments are classified as Level 3.

Sold loan servicing rights, at fair value: The fair value of sold loan servicing rights is determined through a discounted cash flow analysis, which uses interest rates, prepayment speeds, discount rates, and delinquency rate assumptions as inputs. Servicing rights are classified as Level 3 due to reliance on assumptions used in the valuation.

Loans receivable, net: The fair value of loans is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the current rate at which similar loans and leases would be made to borrowers with similar credit and for the same remaining maturities. Additionally, to be consistent with the requirements under FASB ASC Topic 820 for Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, the loans were valued at a price that represents the Company’s exit price or the price at which these instruments would be sold or transferred.

Interest rate swap derivative: The fair values of interest rate swap agreements are based on valuation models using observable market data as of the measurement date (Level 2). The Company’s derivatives are traded in an over-the-counter market where quoted market prices are not always available. Therefore, the fair values of derivatives are determined using quantitative models that utilize multiple market inputs. The inputs will vary based on the type of derivative, but could include interest rates, prices and indices to generate continuous yield or pricing curves, prepayment rates, and volatility factors to value the position. The majority of market inputs are actively quoted and can be validated through external sources, including market transactions and third-party pricing services. The fair values of all interest rate swaps are determined from third-party pricing services without adjustment.

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FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis - Assets and liabilities are considered to be fair valued on a recurring basis if fair value is measured regularly (i.e., daily, weekly, monthly, or quarterly). The following tables show the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at the dates indicated:

December 31, 2025
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs
(dollars in thousands) (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Total
Financial Assets
Securities available for sale
Municipal bonds $ 11,908 $ 68,344 $ — $ 80,252
ABS agency — 11,943 — 11,943
ABS corporate — 7,961 — 7,961
SBA — 6,293 — 6,293
Corporate debt 1,977 36,824 — 38,801
MBS agency — 91,656 — 91,656
MBS non-agency — 26,805 6,599 33,404
Sold loan servicing rights — — 3,014 3,014
Total assets measured at fair value $ 13,885 $ 249,826 $ 9,613 $ 273,324
Financial Liabilities
Interest rate swap derivative $ — $ 1,703 $ — $ 1,703
December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs
(dollars in thousands) (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Total
Financial Assets
Securities available for sale
Municipal bonds $ 12,059 $ 65,817 $ — $ 77,876
ABS agency — 12,876 — 12,876
ABS corporate — 16,122 — 16,122
SBA — 8,666 — 8,666
Corporate debt 1,917 52,574 — 54,491
MBS agency — 98,697 — 98,697
MBS non-agency — 39,735 31,881 71,616
Sold loan servicing rights — — 3,281 3,281
Interest rate swap derivative — 267 — 267
Total assets measured at fair value $ 13,976 $ 294,754 $ 35,162 $ 343,892
Financial Liabilities
Interest rate swap derivative $ — $ 123 $ — $ 123

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FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following table provides a description of the valuation technique, unobservable input, and qualitative information about the unobservable inputs for the Company's assets and liabilities classified as Level 3 and measured at fair value on a recurring basis at the date indicated:

December 31, 2025 Fair Value (dollars in thousands) Valuation Technique Unobservable Input Range (Weighted Average) ^(1)^
Sold loan servicing rights $ 3,014 Discounted cash flow Constant prepayment rate 4.31% - 31.02% (5.88%)
Discount rate 10.38% - 12.52% (10.99%)
MBS non-agency $ 6,599 Consensus pricing Offered quotes 99.0 - 100.4
(1) Unobservable inputs were weighted by the relative fair value of the instruments.

The following tables summarize the changes in Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis, at the dates indicated:

As of or For the Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Sold loan servicing rights:
Balance at beginning of period $ 3,281 $ 3,793
Servicing rights that result from transfers and sale of financial assets 13 38
Changes in fair value due to changes in model inputs or assumptions ^(1)^ (280 ) (550 )
Balance at end of period $ 3,014 $ 3,281
(1) Represents changes due to collection/realization of expected cash flows and curtailments.
As of or For the Year Ended December 31,
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Securities available for sale:
MBS non-agency
Balance at beginning of period $ 31,881 $ 27,469
Purchases — 22,683
Principal payments and maturities (25,460 ) (18,410 )
Unrealized Gains 178 139
Balance at end of period $ 6,599 $ 31,881

Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis - Assets are considered to be fair valued on a nonrecurring basis if the fair value measurement of the instrument does not necessarily result in a change in the amount recorded on the consolidated balance sheets. Generally, nonrecurring valuation is the result of the application of other accounting pronouncements that require assets or liabilities to be assessed for impairment or recorded at the lower of cost or fair value.

The following tables present the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at the dates indicated:

December 31, 2025
(dollars in thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Collateral-dependent loans $ — $ — $ 25,582 $ 25,582
Real estate owned and repossessed assets — — 1,380 1,380
December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
(dollars in thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Collateral-dependent loans $ — $ — $ 33,246 $ 33,246

At December 31, 2025 and 2024, there were no collateral-dependent loans with discounts to appraisal disposition value or other unobservable inputs.

December 31, 2025 Fair Value (dollars in thousands) Valuation Technique Unobservable Input Range (Weighted-Average) ^(1)^
Real estate owned and repossessed assets $ 1,380 Market comparable Discount to appraisal 0% - 10% (5%)

(1)  Discount to appraisal disposition value.

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FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following tables present the carrying value and estimated fair value of financial instruments at the dates indicated:

December 31, 2025
Carrying Estimated Fair Fair Value Measurements Using:
(dollars in thousands) Amount Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents $ 85,117 $ 85,117 $ 85,117 $ — $ —
Investment securities available for sale 270,310 270,310 13,885 249,826 6,599
Loans held for sale 1,063 1,063 — 1,063 —
Loans receivable, net 1,612,028 1,504,219 — — 1,504,219
FHLB stock 13,105 13,105 — 13,105 —
Accrued interest receivable 6,498 6,498 — 6,498 —
Servicing rights on sold loans, at fair value 3,014 3,014 — — 3,014
Financial liabilities
Demand deposits $ 1,079,327 $ 1,079,327 $ 1,079,327 $ — $ —
Time deposits 519,774 520,033 — — 520,033
FHLB borrowings 260,000 260,510 — — 260,510
Line of credit 13,500 13,589 — — 13,589
Subordinated debt, net 34,643 35,973 — — 35,973
Accrued interest payable 1,223 1,223 — 1,223 —
Interest rate swap derivative 1,703 1,703 — 1,703 —
December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Carrying Estimated Fair Fair Value Measurements Using:
(dollars in thousands) Amount Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents $ 72,448 $ 72,448 $ 72,448 $ — $ —
Investment securities available for sale 340,344 340,344 13,976 294,487 31,881
Loans held for sale 472 472 — 472 —
Loans receivable, net 1,675,186 1,536,748 — — 1,536,748
FHLB stock 14,435 14,435 — 14,435 —
Accrued interest receivable 8,159 8,159 — 8,159 —
Servicing rights on sold loans, at fair value 3,281 3,281 — — 3,281
Interest rate swap derivative 267 267 — 267 —
Financial liabilities
Demand deposits $ 1,040,184 $ 1,040,184 $ 1,040,184 $ — $ —
Time deposits 647,842 648,232 — — 648,232
FHLB Borrowings 290,000 288,512 — — 288,512
Line of credit 6,500 6,526 — — 6,526
Subordinated debt, net 39,514 39,974 — — 39,974
Accrued interest payable 3,295 3,295 — 3,295 —
Interest rate swap derivative 123 123 — 123 —

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FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 16 - Earnings per Common Share

The two-class method is used for computing basic and diluted earnings per share. Under the two-class method, EPS is determined for each class of common stock and participating security according to dividends declared and participating rights in undistributed earnings. The Company has issued restricted shares under share-based compensation plans which qualify as participating securities.

The following table presents a reconciliation of the components used to compute basic and diluted earnings per share for the periods shown.

For the Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands, except share data) 2025 2024
Net loss:
Net loss available to common shareholders $ (4,191 ) $ (6,613 )
Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities — (4 )
Loss allocated to common shareholders $ (4,191 ) $ (6,617 )
Basic:
Weighted average common shares outstanding 9,426,374 9,443,885
Weighted average unvested restricted stock awards (135,101 ) (105,460 )
Weighted average unallocated ESOP shares (500,554 ) (553,576 )
Total basic weighted average common shares outstanding 8,790,719 8,784,849
Diluted:
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding 8,790,719 8,784,849
Dilutive restricted stock awards — —
Total diluted weighted average common shares outstanding 8,790,719 8,784,849
Basic loss per common share $ (0.48 ) $ (0.75 )
Diluted loss per common share $ (0.48 ) $ (0.75 )

Potentially dilutive shares are excluded from the computation of EPS if their effect is anti-dilutive. For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, anti-dilutive shares as calculated under the treasury stock method totaled 27,365 and 20,468, respectively. All potentially dilutive shares are anti-dilutive when a loss per share is recorded and, as a result, are excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation.

Note 17 - Derivatives and Hedging Activities

The Company is exposed to certain risk arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. The Company principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. The Company manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its assets and liabilities and the use of derivative financial instruments. Specifically, the Company enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the receipt or payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are determined by interest rates.

Fair Value Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

The Company is exposed to changes in the fair value of certain of its fixed-rate assets due to changes in benchmark interest rates. The Company uses interest rate swaps to manage its exposure to changes in fair value on these instruments attributable to changes in the designated benchmark interest rate. Interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges involve the payment of fixed-rate amounts to a counterparty in exchange for the Company receiving variable-rate payments over the life of the agreement without the exchange of the underlying notional amount.

For derivatives designated and that qualify as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in interest income.

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FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

At  December 31, 2025 and 2024, the following amounts were recorded on the balance sheet related to cumulative basis adjustment for fair value hedges.

(dollars in thousands) Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets
Line item in the Consolidated Balance Sheets where the hedged item is included:
December 31, 2025 ****
Investment securities ^(1)^ $ 50,980 $ 980
Loans receivable ^(2)^ 100,903 903
Total $ 151,883 $ 1,883
December 31, 2024
Investment securities ^(1)^ $ 50,220 $ 220
Loans receivable ^(2)^ 99,812 (188 )
Total $ 150,032 $ 32

(1) These amounts include the amortized cost basis of a closed portfolio of AFS securities used to designate hedging relationships in which the hedged item is the stated amount of assets in the closed portfolio anticipated to be outstanding for the designated hedged period. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, the amortized cost basis of the closed portfolio used in this hedging relationship was $56.1 million, and $56.7 million, respectively; the cumulative basis adjustments associated with this hedging relationship was $980,000 and $220,000, respectively; and the amount of the designated hedged items was $50.0 million for both periods.

(2) These amounts include the amortized cost basis of a closed portfolio of loans receivable used to designate hedging relationships in which the hedged item is the stated amount of assets in the closed portfolio anticipated to be outstanding for the designated hedged period. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, the amortized cost basis of the closed portfolio used in this hedging relationship was $213.3 million and $258.1 million, respectively; the cumulative basis adjustments associated with this hedging relationship was $903,000 and $188,000, respectively; and the amount of the designated hedged items was $100.0 million for both periods.

The following table summarizes the Company’s derivative instruments at the date indicated. The Company has master netting agreements with derivative dealers with which it does business, but reflects gross assets and liabilities as "Other assets" and "Other liabilities," respectively, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, as follows:

Fair Value
(dollars in thousands) Notional Amount Other Assets Other Liabilities
December 31, 2025
Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swaps - securities $ 50,000 $ — $ 860
Interest rate swaps - loans 100,000 — 843
December 31, 2024
Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swaps - securities $ 50,000 $ — $ 123
Interest rate swaps - loans 100,000 267 —

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FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following table summarizes the effect of fair value accounting on the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the periods shown:

Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2025 2024
Total amounts recognized in interest on investment securities $ 13,484 $ 15,025
Total amounts recognized in interest and fees on loans receivable 90,290 93,752
Net gains (losses) on fair value hedging relationships
Interest rate swaps - securities
Recognized on hedged items $ (760 ) $ 220
Recognized on derivatives designated as hedging instruments 706 (142 )
Interest rate swaps - loans
Recognized on hedged items (1,091 ) (188 )
Recognized on derivatives designated as hedging instruments 1,046 211
Net (expense) income recognized on fair value $ (99 ) $ 101

Credit Risk-related Contingent Features

The Company is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of nonperformance by counterparties to hedging instruments. The counterparties to all derivative transactions are major financial institutions with investment grade credit ratings. However, this does not eliminate the Company’s exposure to credit risk with these institutions. This credit risk is limited to the unrealized gains in such contracts should any of these counterparties fail to perform as contracted.

The Company has interest rate swap agreements with its derivative counterparty that contain provisions where if the Company either defaults or fails to maintain its status as a well or adequately capitalized institution, then the Company could be required to terminate the contract or post additional collateral. At December 31, 2025, the Company had derivatives in a net liability position related to this agreement. The Company has minimum collateral posting thresholds with its derivative counterparty and has posted cash of $3.5 million at December 31, 2025, to secure the interest rate swap agreements as needed. In certain cases, the Company will have posted excess collateral compared to total exposure due to initial margin requirements or day-to-day rate volatility.

As of December 31, 2025, the Company was in compliance with all credit risk-related contingent features. Given the considerations described above, the Company considers the impact of the risk of counterparty default to be immaterial.

Note 18 - Change in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss ("AOCI")

AOCI includes unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities, defined benefit plan assets and derivatives as well as an unrecognized defined benefit plan prior service cost. The following table presents changes to accumulated other comprehensive loss after-tax for the periods shown:

(dollars in thousands) Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Securities Net Actuarial Gains (Losses) on Defined Benefit Plan Assets Unrecognized Defined Benefit Plan Prior Service Cost, Net of Amortization Unrealized Losses on Fair Value of Hedged Items Total
Balance at December 31, 2023 $ (30,099 ) $ (288 ) $ (1,421 ) $ (828 ) $ (32,636 )
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification 226 (198 ) — — 28
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss 1,663 — 118 655 2,436
Net other comprehensive income (loss) 1,889 (198 ) 118 655 2,464
Balance at December 31, 2024 $ (28,210 ) $ (486 ) $ (1,303 ) $ (173 ) $ (30,172 )
Balance at December 31, 2024 $ (28,210 ) $ (486 ) $ (1,303 ) $ (173 ) $ (30,172 )
Other comprehensive income before reclassification 8,152 99 — — 8,251
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss — — 119 (596 ) (477 )
Net other comprehensive income (loss) 8,152 99 119 (596 ) 7,774
Balance at December 31, 2025 $ (20,058 ) $ (387 ) $ (1,184 ) $ (769 ) $ (22,398 )

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FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 19 - Segment Reporting

First Fed is engaged in the business of attracting deposits and providing lending services. Substantially all income is derived from a diverse base of commercial, mortgage, and consumer lending activities and investments. The Company’s activities are considered to be a single industry segment for financial reporting purposes. The chief operating decision maker ("CODM") is comprised of the chief executive officer and the chief financial officer.

The accounting policies of the Bank are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies in Note 1. The CODM assesses performance for the Bank and decides how to allocate resources based on net income that is reported on the income statement as consolidated net income. The measurement of segment assets is reported on the balance sheet as total consolidated assets.

The CODM uses net income to evaluate income generated from the segment assets (return on assets) in deciding whether to reinvest profits into the Bank or into other parts of the entity, such as to pay dividends or a share repurchase plan. Net income is used to monitor budget versus actual results and assess the performance of the Bank.

The Company generates revenue from interest income, fee income and other noninterest income from investments and services. All operations are based in Washington State. No single customer accounts for more than 10% of total revenue.

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FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 20 - Parent Company Only Financial Statements

Presented below are the condensed balance sheets, statements of operations, and statements of cash flows for First Northwest.

FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP

Condensed Balance Sheets

(dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks $ 7,587 $ 441
Investment in bank 179,586 178,693
Equity and partnership investments 8,233 6,424
ESOP loan receivable 7,067 7,718
Commercial business loans receivable, net — 4,000
Accrued interest receivable 87 631
Prepaid expenses and other assets 3,559 2,851
Total assets $ 206,119 $ 200,758
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Subordinated debt, net $ 34,643 $ 39,514
Line of credit 13,500 6,500
Interest payable 334 375
Payable to subsidiary 225 333
Other liabilities 153 154
Total liabilities 48,855 46,876
Shareholders' equity 157,264 153,882
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $ 206,119 $ 200,758

FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP

Condensed Statements of Operations

(dollars in thousands)

For the Year Ended December 31,
2025 2024
Operating income:
Interest and fees on loans receivable $ 284 $ 402
Interest-bearing deposits 42 —
Unrealized gain (loss) on equity and partnership investments 994 (1,201 )
Dividends from Bank 6,000 3,000
Total operating income 7,320 2,201
Operating expenses:
Interest paid on subordinated debt, net 1,419 1,578
Interest paid on line of credit 904 623
Other expenses 1,811 1,427
Total operating expenses 4,134 3,628
Income (loss) before benefit for income taxes and equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiary 3,186 (1,427 )
Benefit for income taxes (723 ) (930 )
Income (loss) before equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiary 3,909 (497 )
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiary (8,100 ) (6,116 )
Net loss $ (4,191 ) $ (6,613 )

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FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

(dollars in thousands)

For the Year Ended December 31,
2025 2024
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss $ (4,191 ) $ (6,613 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash from operating activities:
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiary 8,100 6,116
Amortization of debt issuance costs 72 78
Gain on extinguishment of subordinated debt (848 ) —
Change in payable to subsidiary (108 ) 159
Change in accrued interest receivable and other assets (1,555 ) (68 )
Change in accrued interest payable and other liabilities (42 ) 93
Net cash from operating activities 1,428 (235 )
Cash flows from investing activities:
Net decrease in loans receivable 4,000 —
ESOP loan repayment 651 636
Capital contributions to partnership investments (546 ) (398 )
Redemption of partnership investment — 5,931
Capital disbursements from partnership agreements 129 895
Net cash from investing activities 4,234 7,064
Cash flows from financing activities:
Redemption of subordinated debt, net (4,095 ) —
Net increase in line of credit 7,000 —
Repurchase of common stock — (4,057 )
Restricted stock awards canceled (113 ) (187 )
Payment of dividends (1,308 ) (2,644 )
Net cash from financing activities 1,484 (6,888 )
Net increase (decrease) in cash 7,146 (59 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 441 500
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 7,587 $ 441
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: **** ****
Cash paid during the year for income taxes $ — $ 80
Cash paid during the year for interest on borrowings 2,323 2,097
Supplemental disclosures of noncash investing activities: **** ****
Series A equity investment acquired upon conversion of commercial business loan 1,260 —
Write-down of equity investment — (1,762 )

Note 21 - Subsequent Events

Subsequent to December 31, 2025, the Bank announced the closure of its Bellevue branch, with operations scheduled to cease on April 30, 2026. The decision followed management’s evaluation of branch performance, customer migration to digital channels, and alignment of the Company’s long‑term strategic objectives. The Company recorded $631,000 in other noninterest expense and $50,000 in compensation expense for the year ended December 31,2025, which included one‑time closure‑related expenses for anticipated lease termination costs, severance, and equipment decommissioning. Additional costs may be recognized in future periods. The branch’s deposits and customer relationships will continue to be serviced through the Bank's online and mobile platforms, ATM network and branches with minimal service disruption.

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FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Also subsequent to December 31, 2025, the Company signed an agreement to redeem its general partnership interest in MWGC in full at par and received the cash distribution of $150,000 in February 2026. No gain or loss was recorded as a result of this redemption. At the same time, the Bank signed a redemption agreement which sets forth the path to unwind its $6.0 million limited partnership investment in the Hero Fund through capital distributions beginning in April 2026. The Bank anticipates receiving the full amount invested, with no gain or loss recorded, as a result of the future redemption.

On March 10, 2026, the Company became aware that its $2.0 million investment in subordinated debt may be approaching payment default. The issuer has requested a loan modification in advance of the interest payment due on March 15, 2026. If a modification agreement is not reached, there is a strong likelihood that the issuer will not be able to meet the scheduled interest payment due no later than March 25, 2026, including the 10-day grace period, which would place the subordinated debt in default. Management is actively monitoring the situation. Management is also assessing the likelihood and timing of recovery, including possible legal actions. No adjustments have been made to the December 31, 2025, financial statements as this event occurred after the balance sheet date.

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Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

None.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

**Disclosure controls and procedures.**An evaluation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act")) was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and several other members of the Company’s management team as of the end of the period covered by this report. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures in effect as of December 31, 2025, were effective in ensuring that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act was (i) accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management (including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer) in a timely manner, and (ii) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

Management's report on internal control over financial reporting. The Company's management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act. The Company's internal control system is designed to provide reasonable assurance to our management and the board of directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

This process includes policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. As a result of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Furthermore, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

The Company's management assessed the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025. In making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013 Framework). Based on that assessment, the Company's management believes that, as of December 31, 2025, the Company's internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria.

Baker Tilly US, LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited the Company's consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2025, and the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, which are included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Form 10-K.

Changes in Internal Controls. There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during the year ended December 31, 2025, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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Item 9B. Other Information

Amendment to the Bylaws. On March 10, 2026, the Board of Directors of the Company approved amendments to the Company’s Bylaws. The amendments updated provisions relating to shareholder meetings, including with respect to remote meetings, confirming that nominations for the election of directors and the proposal of other business must comply with the procedures set forth in the Company's Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation and that nominations must also comply with Rule 14a-19 under the Exchange Act and providing for one or more election inspectors, removed the mandatory retirement provision for directors, removed certain provisions otherwise addressed by applicable law or practice in order to make the Bylaws less prescriptive, and made other non-substantive conforming and administrative changes. The Company’s Corporate Governance Policy now addresses matters relating to director retirement age. The amendments became effective on approval. The amendments did not alter the rights of security holders in any material respect. The foregoing summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the amended Bylaws, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 3.2 to this Form 10‑K and is incorporated herein by reference.

**Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans.**During the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2025, no director or officer of First Northwest adopted or terminated a "Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement" or "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement," as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

Item 9C. Disclosures Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections

None.

PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

The information regarding the Company's directors and committees contained under the section captioned "Proposal 1 – Election of Directors" in the Company’s proxy statement, a copy of which will be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after December 31, 2025, (the "Proxy Statement"), is incorporated herein by reference.

For information regarding the executive officers of the Company and the Bank, see the information contained under the section captioned "Item 1. Business - Information About Our Executive Officers," which is incorporated by reference.

The Board of Directors has adopted a Code of Ethics for the Company’s officers (including its principal executive officer and senior financial officers), directors and employees. The Company’s Code of Ethics is posted on the Investor Relations section of our website at www.ourfirstfed.com.

The information regarding compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act included in the section captioned "Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports" in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

The information regarding the Company's insider trading policy in the section captioned "Corporate Governance and Board Matters" in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

There have been no material changes to the procedures by which shareholders may recommend nominees to the Company's Board of Directors.

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Item 11. Executive Compensation

The information contained in the sections captioned "Executive Compensation" and "Director Compensation" in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

The information contained in the sections captioned "Principal Shareholders," "Beneficial Ownership by Directors and Named Executive Officers" and "Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans" in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Information contained in the paragraphs titled "Transactions with Related Persons" and "Director Independence" included within the "Corporate Governance and Board Matters" section in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services

The information contained under the section captioned "Proposal 5 – Ratification of Appointment of Independent Auditor" in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

( a)      1. Financial Statements.

For a list of the financial statements filed as part of this report see Part II – Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

2. Financial Statement Schedules.

All schedules have been omitted as the required information is either inapplicable or contained in the Consolidated Financial Statements or related Notes contained in Part II, Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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3. Exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K:

Exhibit No. Exhibit Description Filed Herewith Form Original Exhibit No. Filing Date
3.1 Articles of Incorporation of First Northwest Bancorp, as amended June 3, 2022 10-Q 3.1 8/12/2022
3.2 Bylaws of First Northwest Bancorp as amended effective March 10, 2026 X
4.1 Indenture, Including Forms of 3.75% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes due 2031 8-K 4.1 3/25/2021
4.2 Description of Common Stock 10-Q 4.1 8/12/2022
10.1* First Northwest Bancorp 2015 Equity Incentive Plan 10-K 10.1 3/15/2019
10.2* Form of First Northwest Bancorp 2015 Equity Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Award Agreement as amended effective November 23, 2020 10-K 10.2 3/15/2021
10.3* First Fed Bank Amended Executive Change in Control Plan 10-Q 10.2 5/12/2025
10.4* First Northwest Bancorp 2020 Equity Incentive Plan 10-Q 10.4 5/11/2020
10.5* Form of First Northwest Bancorp 2020 Equity Incentive Plan Restricted Share Award Agreement 10-Q 10.1 8/10/2020
10.6* First Fed 2025 Executive Officer Incentive Plan 10-Q 10.1 5/12/2025
10.7* Non-Employee Director Compensation Policy 10-Q 10.2 5/13/2024
10.8* Employment Agreement with Curt Queyrouze dated September 11, 2025 8-K 10.1 9/12/2025
10.9* Letter Agreement, dated as of July 9, 2025, between First Northwest Bancorp and Geraldine L. Bullard 8-K 10.2 7/9/2025
10.10* Executive Separation and Release Agreement, dated as of July 9, 2025, between the Company and Matthew P. Deines 8-K 10.1 7/9/2025
10.11* Executive Separation and Release Agreement, dated as of August 9, 2025, between the Company and Christopher Riffle 10-Q 10.3 11/6/2025
10.12 Loan Agreement, dated as of May 20, 2022, by and between First Northwest Bancorp and NexBank 8-K 10.1 5/27/2022
10.13 Security Agreement, dated as of May 20, 2022, by and between First Northwest Bancorp and NexBank 8-K 10.2 5/27/2022
10.14 Revolving Promissory Note, dated May 20, 2022, of First Northwest Bancorp 8-K 10.3 5/27/2022
10.15 First Amendment and Waiver to Loan Agreement, dated May 23, 2025, by and between First Northwest Bancorp and NexBank X
10.16 Second Amendment to Loan Agreement, dated November 18, 2025, by and between First Northwest Bancorp and NexBank X
10.17 Amended and Restated Revolving Promissory Note, dated November 18, 2025, of First Northwest Bancorp X
10.18 Agreement for the Purchase and Sale of Real Property by and between First Fed Bank and Mountainseed Real Estate Services, LLC** 8-K 10.1 1/31/2024
16.1 Letter from Moss Adams LLP to the Securities and Exchange Commission dated June 3, 2025 8-K 16.1 6/4/2025
19.1 Insider Trading Policy 10-K 19.1 3/13/2025
21.1 Subsidiaries of First Northwest Bancorp X
23.1 Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm X
31.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act X
31.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act X
32 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act X
97.1 Compensation Clawback Policy 10-K 97.1 3/15/2024
101 The following materials from First Northwest Bancorp's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language (iXBRL): (1) Consolidated Balance Sheets; (2) Consolidated Statements of Operations; (3) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss); (4) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity; (5) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (6) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
* Denotes a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
** Certain schedules and exhibits to this exhibit have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. The registrant hereby agrees to furnish a copy of any omitted schedule or similar attachment to the SEC upon request.

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Item 16. Form 10-K Summary

None.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP
Dated: March 12, 2026 /s/ Curt Queyrouze
Curt Queyrouze
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Name Title Date
/s/ Curt Queyrouze President, Chief Executive Officer and Director March 12, 2026
Curt Queyrouze (Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ Phyllis R. Nomura Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer March 12, 2026
Phyllis R. Nomura (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
/s/ Cindy H. Finnie Chair of the Board and Director March 12, 2026
Cindy H. Finnie
/s/ Sherilyn G. Anderson Co-Vice Chair of the Board and Director March 12, 2026
Sherilyn G. Anderson
/s/ Sean P. Brennan Co-Vice Chair of the Board and Director March 12, 2026
Sean P. Brennan
/s/ Johanna A. Bartee Director March 12, 2026
Johanna A. Bartee
/s/ Dana D. Behar Director March 12, 2026
Dana D. Behar
/s/ Diane C. Davis Director March 12, 2026
Diane C. Davis
/s/ Gabriel S. Galanda Director March 12, 2026
Gabriel S. Galanda
/s/ Lynn A. Terwoerds Director March 12, 2026
Lynn A. Terwoerds

137

ex_926116.htm

Exhibit 3.2

BYLAWS

OF

FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP

ARTICLE I

Principal Office

SECTION 1.         Principal Office. The principal office and place of business of the corporation in the state of Washington shall be located in the City of Port Angeles, Clallam County.

SECTION 2.         Other Offices. The corporation may have such other offices as the Board of Directors (the "Board") may designate or the business of the corporation may require from time to time.

ARTICLE II

Shareholders

SECTION 1.         Place of Meetings . All annual and special meetings of the shareholders shall be held at the principal office of the corporation or at such other place within or outside the State of Washington as the Board may determine. The Board may, in its sole discretion, determine that shareholder meetings shall not be held at any place, but may instead by held solely by means of remote communication in accordance with Section 23B.07.080 of the Revised Code of Washington. If authorized by the Board in its sole discretion, and subject to such guidelines and procedures as the Board may adopt, shareholders and proxy holders not physically present at a meeting of shareholders may, to the extent authorized by Section 24.03A.485 of the Revised Code of Washington, by means of remote communication (i) participate in a meeting of shareholders, and (ii) be deemed present in person and vote at a meeting of shareholders whether such meeting is to be held at a designated place or solely by means of remote communication.

SECTION 2.         Annual Meeting . A meeting of the shareholders of the corporation for the election of Directors and for the transaction of any other business of the corporation as may properly be brought before the meeting shall be held at a date and time as the Board may determine. Nominations for the election of Directors and proposals for any new business to be taken up at any annual meeting of shareholders by any shareholder of the corporation may be made only in accordance with the procedures set out in the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation. In addition, a shareholder nominating one or more candidates for Director must follow the requirements of Rule 14a-19 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The Meeting Chair (as defined below) of the annual meeting of shareholders may, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a nomination or proposal was not made in accordance with the requirements set forth in the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation and/or Rule 14a-19, and, if the Meeting Chair should so determine, the defective nomination or proposal shall be disregarded.

SECTION 3.         Special Meetings . Special meetings of the shareholders for any purpose or purposes shall be called in accordance with the procedures set forth in the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation. Only business within the purpose or purposes described in the meeting notice may be conducted at a special meeting of the shareholders.

SECTION 4.         Conduct of Meetings . Annual and special meetings shall be conducted in accordance with rules prescribed by the person designated to preside at the meeting (the “Meeting Chair”), unless otherwise prescribed by these Bylaws. The Board shall designate a Meeting Chair for such meetings, who shall be the Chairperson of the Board, the Vice-Chairperson, or the President, when present.

First Northwest Bancorp Bylaws Page 1 of 10 Amended: March 10, 2026

SECTION 5.         Notice of Meeting . Notice in writing or by electronic transmission, in either case in accordance with Section 23B.01.410 of the Revised Code of Washington, stating the place, date and time of the meeting and, in the case of a special meeting of shareholders, a description of the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, shall be given not less than 10 nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting, by or at the direction of the Chairperson of the Board, the Vice-Chairperson, the President, or the Secretary calling the meeting, to each shareholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting; provided, however, that notice of a shareholders meeting to act on an amendment to the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, a plan of merger or share exchange, a proposed sale of assets pursuant to Section 23B.12.020 of the Revised Code of Washington or any successor statutory provision, or the dissolution of the corporation, shall be given no fewer than 20 nor more than 60 days before the meeting date. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be delivered when deposited in the mail, addressed to the shareholder at the address as it appears on the stock transfer books or records of the corporation as of the record date prescribed in Section 6 of this Article II, with postage thereon prepaid. When any shareholders' meeting, either annual or special, is adjourned for 120 days or more, notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given as in the case of an original meeting. It shall not be necessary to give any notice of the date, time and place of any meeting adjourned for less than 120 days or of the business to be transacted at the meeting, other than an announcement at the meeting at which such adjournment is taken.

SECTION 6.         Fixing of Record Date . For the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of shareholders or any adjournment thereof, or shareholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend, or in order to make a determination of shareholders for any other proper purpose, the Board shall fix, in advance, a date as the record date for any such determination of shareholders. Such date in any case shall be not more than 70 days, and in case of a meeting of shareholders, not less than 10 days prior to the date on which the particular action, requiring such determination of shareholders, is to be taken. If no record date is fixed for the determination of shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of shareholders, or shareholders entitled to receive payment of a dividend, the day before the date on which the first notice of the meeting is delivered or the date on which the resolution of the Board declaring such dividend is adopted, as the case may be, shall be the record date for such determination of shareholders. When a determination of shareholders entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders has been made as provided in this section, such determination shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting, unless the Board fixes a new record date, which it must do if the meeting is adjourned more than 120 days after the date is fixed for the original meeting.

SECTION 7.         Voting Lists . At least 10 days before each meeting of the shareholders, the officer or agent having charge of the stock transfer books for shares of the corporation shall make a complete list of the shareholders entitled to vote at such meeting, or any adjournment thereof, arranged in alphabetical order, with the address of and the number of shares held by each. This list of shareholders shall be kept on file at the principal office of the corporation or at a place identified in the meeting notice in the city where the meeting will be held and shall be subject to inspection by any shareholder, the shareholder’s agent or the shareholder’s attorney at any time during regular business hours and at the shareholder’s expense, for a period of 10 days prior to such meeting. Such list shall also be produced and kept open at the time and place of the meeting and shall be subject to inspection by any shareholder, the shareholder’s agent or the shareholder’s attorney at any time during the meeting or any adjournment. The original stock transfer book shall be prima facie evidence of the shareholders entitled to examine such list or transfer books or to vote at any meeting of shareholders. Failure to comply with the requirements of this Bylaw shall not affect the validity of any action taken at the meeting.

SECTION 8.         Quorum . A majority of the outstanding shares of the corporation entitled to vote, represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at a meeting of shareholders. Shares entitled to vote as a separate voting group may take action on a matter at a meeting only if a quorum of those shares exists with respect to that matter. The shareholders present at a duly organized meeting may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough shareholders to leave less than a quorum. If a quorum is present or represented at a meeting, a majority of those present or represented may transact any business which comes before the meeting, unless a greater percentage is required by law, the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, or these Bylaws. If less than a quorum of the outstanding shares is represented at a meeting, a majority of the shares so represented may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice. Once a share is represented for any purpose at a meeting other than solely to object to holding the meeting or transacting business at the meeting, it is deemed present for quorum purposes for the remainder of the meeting and for any adjournment of that meeting unless a new record date is or must be set for that adjourned meeting. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting in accordance with the original meeting notice.

First Northwest Bancorp Bylaws Page 2 of 10 Amended: March 10, 2026

SECTION 9.         Proxies . At all meetings of shareholders, a shareholder may vote by proxy executed in writing by the shareholder or by a duly authorized attorney in fact or by any other means of voting by proxy permitted under the Washington Business Corporation Act (or any successor law), including, without limitation, via electronic transmission. Proxies solicited on behalf of management shall be voted as directed by the shareholder or, in the absence of such direction, as determined by a majority of the Directors then in office or by a committee of the Board appointed in accordance with Article IV, Section 1. All proxies shall be filed with the Secretary of the corporation before or at the commencement of meetings. An appointment of a proxy is valid for eleven months unless a longer period is expressly provided in the appointment. An appointment of a proxy is revocable by the shareholder unless the appointment indicates that it is irrevocable and the appointment is coupled with an interest.

SECTION 10.         Voting . Except as otherwise provided in **** the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation or by law, each outstanding share of capital stock of the corporation shall be entitled to one vote on each matter voted on at a shareholders' meeting. Unless otherwise provided in the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, law, or these Bylaws, if a quorum exists, any action, other than the election of Directors, is approved by a voting group if the votes cast within the voting group favoring the action exceed the votes cast within the group opposing the action. In any election of Directors the candidates elected are those receiving the largest number of votes cast by the shares entitled to vote in the election, up to the number of Directors to be elected by such shares.

SECTION 11.         Acceptance of Votes . If the name signed on a vote, consent, waiver or proxy appointment does not correspond to the name of a shareholder of the corporation, the corporation may accept the vote, consent, waiver or proxy appointment and give effect to it as the act of the shareholder if: (i) the shareholder is an entity and the name signed purports to be that of an officer, partner or agent of the entity; (ii) the name signed purports to be that of an administrator, executor, guardian or conservator representing the shareholder; (iii) the name signed purports to be that of a receiver or trustee in bankruptcy of the shareholder; (iv) the name signed purports to be that of a pledgee, beneficial owner or attorney-in-fact of the shareholder; or (v) two or more persons are the shareholder as co-tenants or fiduciaries and the name signed purports to be the name of at least one of the co-owners and the person signing appears to be acting on behalf of all co-owners. The corporation is entitled to reject a vote, consent, waiver, or proxy appointment if the [Secretary][inspector] or other officer or agent authorized to tabulate votes, acting in good faith, has reasonable basis for doubt about the validity of its execution.

SECTION 12.         Action by Shareholders Without Meeting . Any action required to be taken at a meeting of the shareholders, or any other action which may be taken at a meeting of the shareholders, may be taken without a meeting if consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be given by all of the shareholders entitled to vote with respect to the subject matter.

SECTION 13.         Election Inspectors . One or more election inspectors shall be appointed by the Board to act at any meeting of shareholders and make a written report of the inspector’s determinations. Each inspector shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of the inspector’s ability. An inspector may be an officer or employee of the corporation. If no inspector is able to act at a meeting, the Meeting Chair shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting. The inspector or inspectors may appoint or retain other persons or entities to assist the inspector or inspectors in the performance of their duties. In determining the validity and counting of proxies and ballots cast at any meeting of shareholders, the inspector or inspectors may consider such information as is permitted by applicable law. The inspectors shall: (i) ascertain the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each; (ii) determine the shares represented at a meeting; (iii) determine the validity of proxies and ballots; (iv) count all votes; and (v) determine the result.

First Northwest Bancorp Bylaws Page 3 of 10 Amended: March 10, 2026

ARTICLE III

Board of Directors

SECTION 1.         General Powers . All corporate **** powers shall be exercised by, or under authority of, and the business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed under the direction of, the Board. The Board shall annually elect a Chairperson of the Board and a Vice-Chairperson **** from among its members and shall designate a person to preside at its meetings, who shall be either the Chairperson or the Vice-Chairperson, when present.

SECTION 2.         Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson .

(a)Board Chairperson. The Chairperson of the Board shall be nominated and elected in accordance with the procedure described in this section. Prior to the annual organizational meeting of the Board, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee shall meet and prepare a report recommending a nominee or nominees for Chairperson to be submitted to the Board at said regular meeting. Other nominations may be made by the Directors in attendance at said meeting. The Chairperson shall be elected at the annual organizational meeting from among the nominees so designated. The term of office of the Chairperson shall be one (1) year (subject to the Chairperson’s earlier death, resignation, or removal from the position, which may be at any time, with or without cause, by resolution adopted by a majority of the Directors then in office), or until the Chairperson’s successor is elected and qualified.

(b)Board Vice-Chairperson. The Vice-Chairperson of the Board shall be nominated and elected in accordance with the procedure described in this section. Prior to the annual organizational meeting of the Board, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee shall meet and prepare a report recommending a nominee or nominees for Vice-Chairperson to be submitted to the Board at said regular meeting. The then-current Chairperson may submit recommendations to the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee for consideration. Other nominations may be made by the Directors in attendance at said meeting. Immediately following election of the Chairperson, the Vice-Chairperson shall be elected at the annual organizational meeting from among the nominees so designated. The term of office of the Vice-Chairperson shall be one (1) year (subject to the Vice-Chairperson’s earlier death, resignation, or removal from the position, which may be at any time, with or without cause, by resolution adopted by a majority of the Directors then in office), or until the Vice-Chairperson’s successor is elected and qualified.

The Vice-Chairperson shall communicate regularly with the Chairperson and the Chief Executive Officer of the corporation, so as to be fully apprised of the business of the corporation and adequately prepared to succeed to the duties of the Chairperson if events so require. The Vice-Chairperson shall perform all duties of the Chairperson in the event the office of Chairperson shall become vacant or if the Chairperson is absent or is unavailable to perform necessary duties of the office for more than 14 days due to disability or otherwise. The Vice-Chairperson shall continue to perform such duties and serve in all respects as Board Chairperson until such time as a new Chairperson is elected. The Vice-Chairperson shall perform such additional duties as may be requested by the Chairperson.

SECTION 3.         Number, Term and Election . Subject to the limitations on the number of Directors set forth in the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, the number of Directors of the corporation shall be fixed from time to time exclusively by resolution adopted by the Board. Directors shall serve until the next annual meeting of shareholders and until their respective successors are elected and qualified, subject to their earlier death, resignation or removal, in accordance with the provisions of the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation.

First Northwest Bancorp Bylaws Page 4 of 10 Amended: March 10, 2026

SECTION 4.         Regular and Special Meetings . Regular meetings of the Board will be held on the dates and at the times and places determined by the Board. The annual organizational meeting of the Board shall be held immediately after the annual shareholders’ meeting or, if not held at that time, as soon as practicable thereafter.

Special meetings of the Board may be called by or at the request of the Chairperson, the President, or one-third of the Directors then in office. The persons authorized to call special meetings of the Board may fix any place, within or outside the State of Washington, as the place for holding any special meeting of the Board called by such persons.

Any or all Directors may participate in a regular or special meeting by, or conduct the meeting through the use of, any means of communication by which all Directors participating can hear each other during the meeting. A Director participating in a meeting by this means is deemed to be present in person at the meeting.

SECTION 5.         Notice of Special Meetings . Notice in writing or by electronic transmission, in either case in accordance with Section 23B.01.410 of the Revised Code of Washington, of the date, time and place of any special meeting shall be given to each Director at least two days prior thereto delivered personally, by electronic transmission (provided that the Director has consented to receive an electronically transmitted notice either (i) in the form of a record and has designated in the consent the address, location or system to which such notice may be electronically transmitted or (ii) by any other means permitted under Section 23B.01.410 of the Revised Code of Washington) or at least five days previous thereto delivered by mail at the address at which the Director is most likely to be reached. If mailed to the address at which the Director is most likely to be reached, such notice shall be deemed to be delivered when deposited in the mail so addressed, with postage thereon prepaid. Any Director may waive notice of any meeting by a writing filed with the Secretary. The attendance of a Director at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where a Director at the beginning of the meeting, or promptly upon arrival at the meeting, objects to holding the meeting or transacting business at the meeting and does not thereafter vote for or assent to any action approved at the meeting. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any meeting of the Board need be specified in the notice or waiver of notice of such meeting.

SECTION 6.         Quorum . A majority of the number of Directors fixed in accordance with Section 3 of this Article III shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the Board, but if less than such majority is present at a meeting, a majority of the Directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time. Notice of any adjourned meeting shall be given in the same manner as prescribed by Section 5 of this Article III.

SECTION 7.         Manner of Acting . The act of the majority of the Directors present at a meeting or adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board, unless a greater number is prescribed by law, the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, or these Bylaws.

SECTION 8.         Action Without a Meeting . Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Board at a meeting may be taken without a meeting if one or more consents describing the action so taken are executed by each Director either before or after the action becomes effective, and delivered to the corporation for inclusion in the minutes or filing with the corporate records, which consents are set forth either (i) in an executed record or (ii) if the corporation has designated an address, location, or system to which the consents may be electronically transmitted and the consent is electronically transmitted to the designated address, location, or system, in an executed electronically transmitted record.

First Northwest Bancorp Bylaws Page 5 of 10 Amended: March 10, 2026

SECTION 9.         Resignation . Any Director may resign at any time by delivering notice in the form of an executed resignation to the Board, the Chairperson, the President or the Secretary. A notice of resignation is effective when the resignation is delivered unless the resignation specifies a later effective date, or an effective date determined upon the happening of an event or events.

SECTION 10.         Vacancies . Vacancies occurring in the Board may be filled only in accordance with the procedures set forth in the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation.

SECTION 11.         Compensation . The Directors will be entitled to receive such reasonable compensation for their services as Directors and as members of any committee appointed by the Board, as well as for attendance at meetings, as may be fixed by the Board, and may be reimbursed by the corporation for ordinary and reasonable expenses incurred in the performance of their duties.

ARTICLE IV

Committees of the Board of Directors

SECTION 1.         Appointment. The Board may create one or more committees, each consisting of two (2) or more Directors, to serve at the pleasure of the Board. All committee members are to be appointed by the Board. Among the committees created by the Board, one shall be the Executive Committee, consisting of at least three (3) Directors, which shall have such authority as may be delegated to it by the Board, subject to applicable law.

SECTION 2.         Authority. Any committee created by the Board shall have all the authority of the Board, except to the extent, if any, that such authority shall be limited by the Board; and except also that no committee shall have the authority of the Board to: approve a distribution except according to a general formula or method prescribed by the Board; approve or propose to shareholders a corporate action that the Washington Business Corporation Act (or any successor law) requires be approved by shareholders; fill vacancies on the Board or on any of its committees; amend the corporation’s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation in a manner that does not require shareholder approval; adopt, amend, or repeal these Bylaws; approve a plan of merger not requiring shareholder approval; or approve the issuance or sale or contract for sale of shares, or determine the designation and relative rights, preferences, and limitations of a class or series of shares, except that the Board may authorize a committee, or a senior executive officer of the corporation, to do so within limits specifically prescribed by the Board.

SECTION 3.         Tenure. Subject to the provisions of Section 8 of this Article IV, each member of a committee shall hold office until a successor shall have been appointed by the Board or until death, resignation or removal in the manner hereinafter provided.

SECTION 4.         Meetings. Unless the Board shall otherwise provide, regular meetings of any committee shall be at such times and places as are determined by the Board, or by any such committee. Special meetings of any such committee may be held at the principal executive office of the corporation, or at any place which has been designated from time to time by resolution of such committee or by consent of all members thereof, and may be called by any member thereof upon notice stating the place, date, and hour of the meeting, which notice shall be given in the manner provided for the giving of notice to Directors of the time and place of special meetings of the Board in Article III, Section 4, or waived in the manner provided in Article III, Section 5.

Any or all members of a committee may participate in a regular or special meeting by, or conduct the meeting through the use of, any means of communication by which all members participating can hear each other during the meeting. A committee member participating in a meeting by this means is deemed to be present in person at the meeting.

First Northwest Bancorp Bylaws Page 6 of 10 Amended: March 10, 2026

SECTION 5.         Quorum. A majority of the members of a committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of any business at a meeting thereof, and action of a committee must be authorized by the affirmative vote of a majority of the members present at a meeting at which a quorum is present.

SECTION 6.         Action Without a Meeting. Any action required or permitted to be taken by any committee at a meeting may be taken without a meeting if one or more consents setting forth the action so taken are executed by each member of the committee either before or after the action becomes effective, and delivered to the corporation for inclusion in the minutes or filing with the corporate records, each of which consent is set forth either (i) in an executed record or (ii) if the corporation has designated an address, location, or system to which the consents may be electronically transmitted and the consent is electronically transmitted to the designated address, location, or system, in an executed electronically transmitted record.

SECTION 7.          Vacancies. Any vacancy in a committee may be filled as soon as practicable by the Board.

SECTION 8.         Resignations and Removal. Any member of a committee may be removed from that position at any time with or without cause by resolution adopted by a majority of the Directors then in office. Any member of a committee may resign from the committee at any time by delivering notice in the form of an executed resignation to the Board, the Chairperson of the Board, the President or the Secretary. A notice of resignation is effective when the resignation is delivered unless the resignation specifies a later effective date, or an effective date determined upon the happening of an event or events.

SECTION 9.         Procedure. Unless the Board otherwise provides, each committee may fix its own rules of procedure which shall not be inconsistent with these Bylaws or with any charter adopted by the Board for the committee. The committee shall keep regular minutes of its proceedings and, upon request of the Board, report the same to the Board for its information.

ARTICLE V

Officers

SECTION 1.         Positions. The officers of the corporation shall include a President, one or more vice presidents, a Secretary and a Treasurer, each of whom shall be appointed by the Board. The Board may also designate the Chairperson of the Board as an officer. The President shall be the Chief Executive Officer unless the Board determines otherwise. The offices of the Secretary and Treasurer may be held by the same person and a vice president may also be either the Secretary or the Treasurer. The Board may designate one or more vice presidents as executive vice president or senior vice president. The Board may also elect or authorize the appointment of such other officers as the business of the corporation may require. The officers shall have such authority and perform such duties as the Board may from time to time authorize or determine. In the absence of action by the Board, the officers shall have such powers and duties as generally pertain to their respective offices.

SECTION 2.         Election and Term of Office. The officers of the corporation shall be elected annually by the Board at the first meeting of the Board held after each annual meeting of the shareholders. If the election of officers is not held at such meeting, such election shall be held as soon thereafter as possible. Each officer shall hold office until a successor shall have been duly elected and qualified or until death, resignation or removal in the manner hereinafter provided. Election or appointment of an officer, employee or agent shall not of itself create contract rights. The Board may authorize the corporation to enter into an employment contract with any officer in accordance with applicable law. Any officer of the corporation who also serves as a Director of the corporation, shall resign as a Director effective upon no longer serving as an officer of the corporation.

First Northwest Bancorp Bylaws Page 7 of 10 Amended: March 10, 2026

SECTION 3.         Removal. Any officer may be removed by vote of two-thirds of the Board, whenever, in its judgment, the best interests of the corporation will be served by doing so. Removal, other than for cause, shall be without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the person removed.

SECTION 4.         Vacancies. A vacancy in any office may be filled by the Board for the unexpired portion of the term.

SECTION 5.         Remuneration. The remuneration of the officers shall be fixed from time to time by the Board giving due regard to the recommendations of the President and no officer shall be prevented from receiving such remuneration by reason of also being a Director of the corporation.

ARTICLE VI

Contracts, Loans, Checks and Deposits

SECTION 1.          Contracts . Except as otherwise prescribed by these Bylaws with respect to certificates for shares, the Board may authorize any officer, employee, or agent of the corporation to enter into any contract or execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the corporation. Such authority may be general or confined to specific instances.

SECTION 2.          Loans . No loans shall be contracted on behalf of the corporation and no evidence of indebtedness shall be issued in its name, unless authorized by the Board. Such authority may be general or confined to specific instances.

SECTION 3.          Checks, Drafts, Etc . All checks, drafts, or other orders for the payment of money, notes, or other evidences of indebtedness in the name of the corporation shall be signed by one or more officers, employees, or agents of the corporation in such manner as shall from time to time be determined by the Board.

SECTION 4.         Deposits . All funds of the corporation not otherwise employed shall be deposits from time to time to the credit of the corporation in any of its duly authorized depositories as the Board may select.

SECTION 5.         Contracts with Directors and Officers. **** To the fullest extent authorized by and in conformance with Washington law, the corporation may enter into contracts with and otherwise transact business as vendor, purchaser, or otherwise, with its Directors, officers, employees and shareholders and with corporations, associations, firms, and entities in which they are or may become interested as Directors, officers, shareholders, or otherwise, as freely as though such interest did not exist, except that no loans shall be made by the corporation secured by its shares, other than a loan made by the corporation to a tax-qualified employee stock ownership plan of the corporation or any of its affiliates. In the absence of fraud, the fact that any Director, officer, employee, shareholder, or any corporation, association, firm or other entity of which any Director, officer, employee or shareholder is interested, is in any way interested in any transaction or contract shall not make the transaction or contract void or voidable, or require the Director, officer, employee or shareholder to account to the corporation for any profits therefrom if the transaction or contract is or shall be authorized, ratified, or approved by (i) the vote of a majority of the Directors then in office excluding any interested Director or Directors, (ii) the written consent of the holders of a majority of the shares entitled to vote, or (iii) a general resolution approving the acts of the Directors and officers adopted at a shareholders meeting by vote of the holders of the majority of the shares entitled to vote. Nothing herein contained shall create or imply any liability in the circumstances above described or prevent the authorization, ratification or approval of such transactions or contracts in any other manner.

First Northwest Bancorp Bylaws Page 8 of 10 Amended: March 10, 2026

SECTION 6.         Shares of Another Corporation. Shares of another corporation held by this corporation may be voted by the President or any vice president, or by proxy appointment form executed by either of them, unless the Board by resolution shall designate some other person to vote the shares.

ARTICLE VII

Shares of Capital Stock and Their Transfer

SECTION 1.          Certificates for Shares and Uncertificated Shares . Certificates representing shares of capital stock of the corporation shall be in such form as shall be determined by the Board and consistent with applicable law. Such certificates shall be signed by the Chief Executive Officer, if any, the President, any vice president or by any other officer of the corporation authorized by the Board, attested by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary. The signatures of such officers upon a certificate may be facsimiles if the certificate is manually signed on behalf of a transfer agent or a registrar, other than the corporation itself or one of its employees. Each certificate for shares of capital stock shall be consecutively numbered or otherwise identified. The name and address of the person to whom the shares are issued, with the number of shares and date of issue, shall be entered on the stock transfer books of the corporation. All certificates surrendered to the corporation for transfer shall be canceled and no new certificate shall be issued until the former certificate for the like number of shares has been surrendered and canceled, except that in case of a lost or destroyed certificate, a new certificate may be issued therefor upon such terms and indemnity to the corporation as the Board may prescribe. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of the shares of any or all classes or series of the corporation’s stock shall be uncertificated shares. Any such resolution shall not apply to shares represented by certificates until such certificate is surrendered to the corporation. In addition, notwithstanding the adoption of any such resolution providing for uncertificated shares, every holder of capital stock of the corporation theretofore represented by certificates and, upon request, every holder of uncertificated shares, shall be entitled to have a certificate for shares of capital stock of the corporation signed by, or in the name of the corporation as set forth above, certifying the number of shares owned by such shareholder in the corporation.

SECTION 2.         Transfer of Shares . Stock of the corporation shall be transferable in the manner prescribed by applicable law and in these Bylaws. Transfers of stock shall be made on the books of the corporation, and in the case of certificated shares of stock, only by the person named in the certificate or by such person’s attorney lawfully constituted in writing and upon the surrender of the certificate therefor, properly endorsed for transfer and payment of all necessary transfer taxes; or, in the case of uncertificated shares of stock, upon receipt of proper transfer instructions from the registered holder of the shares or by such person’s attorney lawfully constituted in writing, and upon payment of all necessary transfer taxes and compliance with appropriate procedures for transferring shares in uncertificated form; provided, however, that such surrender and endorsement, compliance or payment of taxes shall not be required in any case in which the officers of the corporation shall determine to waive such requirement. With respect to certificated shares of stock, every certificate exchanged, returned or surrendered to the corporation shall be marked “Cancelled,” with the date of cancellation, by the Secretary or Assistant Secretary of the corporation or the transfer agent thereof. No transfer of stock shall be valid as against the corporation for any purpose until it shall have been entered in the stock records of the corporation by an entry showing from and to whom transferred.

SECTION 3.         Certification of Beneficial Ownership . The Board may adopt by resolution a procedure whereby a shareholder of the corporation may certify in writing to the corporation that all or a portion of the shares registered in the name of such shareholder are held for the account of a specified person or persons. Upon receipt by the corporation of a certification complying with such procedure, the persons specified in the certification shall be deemed, for the purpose or purposes set forth in the certification, to be the holders of record of the number of shares specified in place of the shareholder making the certification.

First Northwest Bancorp Bylaws Page 9 of 10 Amended: March 10, 2026

SECTION 4.         Lost Certificates . The Board may direct a new certificate or uncertificated shares to be issued in place of any certificate theretofore issued by the corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen, or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost, stolen, or destroyed. When authorizing such issuance of a new certificate or uncertificated shares, the Board may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen, or destroyed certificate, or the owner’s legal representative, to give the corporation a bond in such sum as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen, or destroyed.

ARTICLE VIII

Fiscal Year

The fiscal year of the corporation shall end on the last day of December of each year.

ARTICLE IX

Dividends

Subject to the terms of the corporation's Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation and the laws of the State of Washington, the Board may, from time to time, declare, and the corporation may pay, dividends upon its outstanding shares of capital stock.

ARTICLE X

Amendments

These Bylaws may be repealed, altered, amended or rescinded in accordance with the corporation’s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation.

* * *

Amended the 10^th^ day of March, 2026.

First Northwest Bancorp Bylaws Page 10 of 10 Amended: March 10, 2026

ex_931805.htm

EXHIBIT 10.15

FIRST AMENDMENT AND WAIVER TO LOAN AGREEMENT

THIS FIRST AMENDMENT AND WAIVER TO LOAN AGREEMENT (this "Amendment") is entered into as of May 23, 2025, between FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP, a Washington corporation ("Borrower"), and NEXBANK (with its participants, successors and assigns, "Lender").

R E C I T A L S

A.    Borrower and Lender are parties to that certain Loan Agreement dated as of May 20, 2022 (as heretofore amended and as it may be further amended, modified, supplemented, restated or amended and restated from time to time, the "Loan Agreement"). **** Unless otherwise indicated herein, all terms used with their initial letter capitalized are used herein with their meaning as defined in the Loan Agreement and all Section references are to Sections in the Loan Agreement.

B.    Borrower has requested that Lender waive the Borrower's violation of Section 11.9 of the Loan Agreement as a result of Borrower's failure to maintain a Leverage Ratio of eight percent (8%) or greater for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2025 (the "Specified Event of Default").

C.    Borrower has requested that the Lender (i) waive the Specified Event of Default and (ii) amend the Loan Agreement as provided below.

D.         Lender has agreed to (i) amend the Loan Agreement and (ii) waive the Specified Event of Default, in each case in accordance with the terms, conditions, and representations set forth herein, as requested by Borrower.

E.         Borrower and Lender agree to the other terms and provisions provided below, subject to the terms, conditions, and representations set forth herein.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of these premises and other valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree, as follows:

1. Amendments to Loan Agreement. Subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth herein, the Loan Agreement is amended as follows:

(a)    The following definition in Section 2.1 of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows

"Maturity Date" means the earlier of(a) November 17, 2025 and (b) the date of the acceleration of the Obligation pursuant to this Agreement.

(b)    Section 4.6 of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows:

"4.6         [Reserved]."

2. Waiver. Subject to the terms, and the timely satisfaction of each of the conditions precedent in Section 3 and representation and warranties in Section 5 of this Agreement, the Lender hereby waives the Specified Event of Default. and affirms that no Event of Default is continuing as a result of the Specified Event of Default. The foregoing waiver is a one-time waiver and applies only to the specified circumstance and does not modify or otherwise affect the Borrower's obligations to comply with such provision of the Loan Agreement or any other provision of the Loan Documents in any other instance. The foregoing limited waiver shall not be deemed or otherwise construed to constitute a waiver of any other provision or to prejudice any right, power or remedy which the Lender may now have or may have in the future under or in connection with the Loan Agreement or any other Loan Document, all of which rights, powers and remedies are hereby expressly reserved by the Lender. The agreements and consents set forth in this letter agreement are limited to the extent specifically set forth above and no other terms, covenants or provisions of the Loan Documents are intended to be affected hereby
3. Conditions Precedent. Notwithstanding any contrary provision, this Amendment shall be effective on the first Business Day upon which all of the following conditions precedent have been satisfied (the "Effective Date"):

(a)    Lender shall have received counterparts of this Amendment executed by Borrower, Lender, and each other party set forth on the signature pages hereto;

(b)    Lender shall have received satisfactory evidence that Borrower has paid the fees and expenses of counsel described in **** Section 6;

(c)    No Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or shall result after giving effect to this Amendment;

(d)    Lender shall have received such other instruments and documents incidental and appropriate to the transactions provided for herein as Lender or its counsel may reasonably request, and all such documents shall be in form and substance satisfactory to Lender (it being agreed that execution of this Amendment by Lender shall evidence that the foregoing conditions have been fulfilled).

4. Reaffirmation of Loan Documents and Liens. Except as amended and modified hereby, any and all of the terms and provisions of the Loan Agreement and the other Loan Documents shall remain in full force and effect and are hereby in all respects ratified and confirmed by Borrower. Borrower hereby agrees that, except as expressly provided in this Amendment, the amendments and modifications herein contained shall in no manner affect or impair the liabilities, duties and obligations of Borrower under the Loan Agreement and the other Loan Documents or the Liens securing the payment and performance thereof. Borrower further confirms that the liens and security interests in the Collateral created under the Loan Documents secure, among other indebtedness, Borrower's obligations under the Loan Documents, and all modifications, amendments, renewals, extensions, and restatements thereof.
5. Representations and Warranties. As a material inducement for Lender to enter into this Amendment, Borrower hereby represents and warrants to Lender (with the knowledge and intent that Lender is relying upon the same in consenting to this Amendment) that as of the Effective Date, and after giving effect to the transactions contemplated by this Amendment: (a) all representations and warranties in the Loan Agreement and in all other Loan Documents are true and correct in all material respects, as though made on the date hereof, except to the extent that (i) any of them speak to a different specific date; or (ii) the facts or circumstances on which any of them were based have been changed by transactions or events not prohibited by the Loan Documents; (b) no Default or Event of Default exists under the Loan Documents or will exist after giving effect to this Amendment; (c) this Amendment has been duly authorized and approved by all necessary organizational action and requires the consent of no other Person, and is binding and enforceable against Borrower in accordance with its terms; and (d) the execution, delivery and performance of this Amendment in accordance with its terms, does not and will not, by the passage of time, the giving of notice, or otherwise: (i) require any governmental approval, other than such as have been obtained and are in full force and effect, or violate any applicable law relating to Borrower; (ii) conflict with, result in a breach of, or constitute a default under the Constituent Documents of Borrower thereof, or any indenture, agreement, or other instrument to which Borrower is a party or by which it or any of its properties may be bound; or (iii) result in or require the creation or imposition of any Lien upon or with respect to any property now owned or hereafter acquired by Borrower.
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6. Fees, Costs and Expenses. Borrower agrees to pay promptly the reasonable fees and expenses of counsel to Lender for services rendered in connection with the preparation, negotiation, reproduction, execution, and delivery of this Amendment and all related documents; and
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2

7. Miscellaneous.
(a) This Amendment shall be deemed to constitute a Loan Document for all purposes and in all respects. Each reference in the Loan Agreement to "this Agreement," "hereunder," "hereof," "herein" or words of like import, and each reference in the Loan Agreement or in any other Loan Document, or other agreements, documents or other instruments executed and delivered pursuant to the Loan Agreement to the "Loan Agreement", shall mean and be a reference to the Loan Agreement as amended by this Amendment.
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(b) The Loan Documents shall remain unchanged and in full force and effect, except as provided in this Amendment, and are hereby ratified and confirmed. The execution, delivery, and effectiveness of this Amendment shall not, except as expressly provided herein, operate as a waiver of any rights of Lender under any Loan Document, nor constitute a waiver under any of the Loan Documents.
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(c) All of the terms and provisions of this Amendment shall bind and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns.
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(d) This Amendment may be executed in one or more counterparts and by different parties hereto in separate counterparts each of which when so executed and delivered shall be deemed an original, but all such counterparts together shall constitute but one and the same instrument; signature pages may be detached from multiple separate counterparts and attached to a single counterpart so that all signature pages are physically attached to the same document. Delivery of photocopies of the signature pages to this Amendment by facsimile or electronic mail shall be effective as delivery of manually executed counterparts of this Amendment.
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(e) THIS AMENDMENT, THE LOAN AGREEMENT, AND THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS REPRESENT THE FINAL AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE PARTIES AND MAY NOT BE CONTRADICTED BY EVIDENCE OF PRIOR, CONTEMPORANEOUS OR ORAL AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES. THERE ARE NO UNWRITTEN ORAL AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE PARTIES.
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(f) The headings, captions and arrangements used in this Amendment are, unless specified otherwise, for convenience only and shall not be deemed to limit, amplify or modify the terms of this Amendment, nor affect the meaning thereof.
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(g) Any provision of this Amendment held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability without affecting the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof; and the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate such provision in any other jurisdiction.
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(h) This Amendment shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of Texas without regard to its principles of conflicts of laws.
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(i) Except as set forth in Section 2*,* the execution, delivery and effectiveness of this Amendment shall not operate as a waiver of any right, power or remedy of Lender under any of the Loan Documents, nor constitute a waiver of any provision of any of the Loan Documents.
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[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank; Signature Page Follows]

3

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Amendment in multiple counterparts on the date stated on the signature pages hereto, but effective as of Effective Date.

BORROWER:<br><br> <br><br><br> <br>FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP,<br><br> <br>a Washington corporation
By: /s/ Matthew P Deines
Name: Matthew P Deines
Title: President and Chief Executive Officer

Signature Page to

First Amendment and Waiver to Loan Agreement

LENDER:<br><br> <br><br><br> <br>NEXBANK
By: /s/ Morgan Weinbel
Name: Morgan Weinbel
Title: VP, Commercial Lending

Signature Page to

First Amendment and Waiver to Loan Agreement

ex_931509.htm

EXHIBIT 10.16

SECOND AMENDMENT TO LOAN AGREEMENT

THIS SECOND AMENDMENT TO LOAN AGREEMENT (this “Amendment”) is entered into as of November 18, 2025, between FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP, a Washington corporation (“Borrower”), and NEXBANK (with its participants, successors and assigns, “Lender”).

R E C I T A L S

A.      Borrower and Lender are parties to that certain Loan Agreement dated as of May 20, 2022 (as heretofore amended and as it may be further amended, modified, supplemented, restated or amended and restated from time to time, the “Loan Agreement”). Unless otherwise indicated herein, all terms used with their initial letter capitalized are used herein with their meaning as defined in the Loan Agreement and all Section references are to Sections in the Loan Agreement.

B.      On May 20, 2022, Borrower executed a Revolving Promissory Note in the principal amount of $20,000,000 in favor of Lender, evidencing the Loans (the “Original Note”).

C.      Borrower and Lender have agreed to decrease the maximum amount of the Loans by an amount equal to $5,000,000, after which the maximum outstanding principal balance of the Loans as of the Effective Date (as hereinafter defined) shall be $15,000,000.

D.      Borrower has requested that Lender amend the Original Note as provided in the Amended and Restated Revolving Promissory Note being delivered in connection herewith (the “Amended and Restated Note”).

E.      Borrower has requested that the Lender amend the Loan Agreement as provided below.

F       Lender has agreed to amend the Loan Documents in accordance with the terms, conditions, and representations set forth herein, as requested by Borrower.

G.      Borrower and Lender agree to the other terms and provisions provided below, subject to the terms, conditions, and representations set forth herein.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of these premises and other valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree, as follows:

1. Amendments to Loan Agreement. Subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth herein, the Loan Agreement is amended as follows:

(a)    The recital to the Loan Agreement is hereby amended to replace the phrase “TWENTY MILLION DOLLARS ($20,000,000)” with the phrase “FIFTEEN MILLION DOLLARS ($15,000,000)”.

(b)    The following definition in Section 2.1 of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:

“Maturity Date” means the earlier of (a) November 16, 2026 and (b) the date of the acceleration of the Obligation pursuant to this Agreement.

(c)    A new Section 10.8 is hereby added to the Loan Agreement as follows:

10.7    Required Upstream Dividends. Borrower shall cause Bank to make the following cash dividends or distributions to Borrower:

(a)    on or before November 18, 2025, a cash dividend in an amount not less than $2,000,000; and

(b)    on or before January 31, 2026, a cash dividend in an amount not less than $250,000.

2. Conditions Precedent. Notwithstanding any contrary provision, this Amendment shall be effective on the first Business Day upon which all of the following conditions precedent have been satisfied (the “Effective Date”):

(a)    Lender shall have received counterparts of this Amendment executed by Borrower, Lender, and each other party set forth on the signature pages hereto;

(b)    Lender shall have received the original Amended and Restated Note executed by Borrower;

(c)    Borrower shall have paid down the outstanding principal balance of the Loans by an aggregate amount of not less than $1,500,000, resulting in an outstanding principal balance of $13,500,000 immediately after giving effect to such paydown. Lender shall have received evidence satisfactory to it of such payment in immediately available funds;

(d)    Lender shall have received satisfactory evidence that Borrower has paid the fees and expenses of counsel described in Section 5;

(e)    No Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or shall result after giving effect to this Amendment;

(f)    Lender shall have received such other instruments and documents incidental and appropriate to the transactions provided for herein as Lender or its counsel may reasonably request, and all such documents shall be in form and substance satisfactory to Lender (it being agreed that execution of this Amendment by Lender shall evidence that the foregoing conditions have been fulfilled).

3. Reaffirmation of Loan Documents and Liens. Except as amended and modified hereby, any and all of the terms and provisions of the Loan Agreement and the other Loan Documents shall remain in full force and effect and are hereby in all respects ratified and confirmed by Borrower. Borrower hereby agrees that, except as expressly provided in this Amendment, the amendments and modifications herein contained shall in no manner affect or impair the liabilities, duties and obligations of Borrower under the Loan Agreement and the other Loan Documents or the Liens securing the payment and performance thereof. Borrower further confirms that the liens and security interests in the Collateral created under the Loan Documents secure, among other indebtedness, Borrower’s obligations under the Loan Documents, and all modifications, amendments, renewals, extensions, and restatements thereof.
4. Representations and Warranties**.** As a material inducement for Lender to enter into this Amendment, Borrower hereby represents and warrants to Lender (with the knowledge and intent that Lender is relying upon the same in consenting to this Amendment) that as of the Effective Date, and after giving effect to the transactions contemplated by this Amendment: (a) all representations and warranties in the Loan Agreement and in all other Loan Documents are true and correct in all material respects, as though made on the date hereof, except to the extent that (i) any of them speak to a different specific date; or (ii) the facts or circumstances on which any of them were based have been changed by transactions or events not prohibited by the Loan Documents; (b) no Default or Event of Default exists under the Loan Documents or will exist after giving effect to this Amendment; (c) this Amendment has been duly authorized and approved by all necessary organizational action and requires the consent of no other Person, and is binding and enforceable against Borrower in accordance with its terms; and (d) the execution, delivery and performance of this Amendment in accordance with its terms, does not and will not, by the passage of time, the giving of notice, or otherwise: (i) require any governmental approval, other than such as have been obtained and are in full force and effect, or violate any applicable law relating to Borrower; (ii) conflict with, result in a breach of, or constitute a default under the Constituent Documents of Borrower thereof, or any indenture, agreement, or other instrument to which Borrower is a party or by which it or any of its properties may be bound; or (iii) result in or require the creation or imposition of any Lien upon or with respect to any property now owned or hereafter acquired by Borrower.
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2

5. Fees, Costs and Expenses. Borrower agrees to pay promptly the reasonable fees and expenses of counsel to Lender for services rendered in connection with the preparation, negotiation, reproduction, execution, and delivery of this Amendment and all related documents; and
6. Miscellaneous**.**
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(a) This Amendment shall be deemed to constitute a Loan Document for all purposes and in all respects. Each reference in the Loan Agreement to “this Agreement,” “hereunder,” “hereof,” “herein” or words of like import, and each reference in the Loan Agreement or in any other Loan Document, or other agreements, documents or other instruments executed and delivered pursuant to the Loan Agreement to the “Loan Agreement”, shall mean and be a reference to the Loan Agreement as amended by this Amendment.
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(b) The Loan Documents shall remain unchanged and in full force and effect, except as provided in this Amendment, and are hereby ratified and confirmed. The execution, delivery, and effectiveness of this Amendment shall not, except as expressly provided herein, operate as a waiver of any rights of Lender under any Loan Document, nor constitute a waiver under any of the Loan Documents.
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(c) All of the terms and provisions of this Amendment shall bind and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns.
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(d) This Amendment may be executed in one or more counterparts and by different parties hereto in separate counterparts each of which when so executed and delivered shall be deemed an original, but all such counterparts together shall constitute but one and the same instrument; signature pages may be detached from multiple separate counterparts and attached to a single counterpart so that all signature pages are physically attached to the same document. Delivery of photocopies of the signature pages to this Amendment by facsimile or electronic mail shall be effective as delivery of manually executed counterparts of this Amendment.
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(e) THIS AMENDMENT, THE LOAN AGREEMENT, AND THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS REPRESENT THE FINAL AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE PARTIES AND MAY NOT BE CONTRADICTED BY EVIDENCE OF PRIOR, CONTEMPORANEOUS OR ORAL AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES. THERE ARE NO UNWRITTEN ORAL AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE PARTIES.
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(f) The headings, captions and arrangements used in this Amendment are, unless specified otherwise, for convenience only and shall not be deemed to limit, amplify or modify the terms of this Amendment, nor affect the meaning thereof.
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(g) Any provision of this Amendment held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability without affecting the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof; and the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate such provision in any other jurisdiction.
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(h) This Amendment shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of Texas without regard to its principles of conflicts of laws.
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(i) The execution, delivery and effectiveness of this Amendment shall not operate as a waiver of any right, power or remedy of Lender under any of the Loan Documents, nor constitute a waiver of any provision of any of the Loan Documents.
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[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank; Signature Page Follows]

3

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Amendment in multiple counterparts on the date stated on the signature pages hereto, but effective as of Effective Date.

BORROWER:
FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP,<br><br> <br>a Washington corporation
By: /s/ Phyllis Nomura
Name: Phyllis Nomura
Title: Chief Financial Officer

Signature Page to

Second Amendment to Loan Agreement

LENDER:
NEXBANK
By: /s/ Morgan Weinbel
Name: Morgan Weinbel
Title: VP, Commercial Lending

Signature Page to

Second Amendment to Loan Agreement

ex_931510.htm

EXHIBIT 10.17

AMENDED AND RESTATED REVOLVING PROMISSORY NOTE

U.S. $15,000,000 As of November 18, 2025

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP., a Washington corporation, having an address at 105 W. Eighth Street, Port Angeles, Washington 98362 (“Maker”), hereby promises to pay to the order of NEXBANK (“Payee”), at its address at 2515 McKinney Avenue, Suite 1100, Dallas, Texas 75201 or such other address as it may designate, the principal sum of Fifteen Million and NO/100 Dollars ($15,000,000), or so much thereof as may be advanced by Payee from time to time hereunder to or for the benefit or account of Maker, and interest from the date hereof on the balance of principal from time to time outstanding, in United States currency, at the rates and at the times hereinafter described.

This Amended and Restated Revolving Promissory Note (this “Note”) is issued by Maker pursuant to that certain Loan Agreement dated as of May 20, 2022 (as it may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Loan Agreement”) entered into between Payee and Maker. This Note evidences the Loan (as defined in the Loan Agreement). Payment of this Note is governed by the Loan Agreement, the terms of which are incorporated herein by express reference as if fully set forth herein. Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings given to them in the Loan Agreement.

1.          Principal and Interest.

(a)    The maximum aggregate principal amount of this Note shall not exceed Fifteen Million Dollars ($15,000,000). All principal, interest and other sums due under this Note shall be due and payable in full on the Maturity Date.

(b)    Subject to Section 1(c) below, the unpaid principal amount of this Note shall bear interest at the Note Rate (the “Applicable Rate”), unless the Default Rate is applicable. Interest at the Applicable Rate (or Default Rate) shall be calculated for the actual number of days elapsed on the basis of a 360-day year, including the first date of the applicable period to, but not including, the date of repayment. The Loan shall bear interest at the Default Rate at any time during which an Event of Default exists.

(c)    All accrued but unpaid interest on the principal balance of the Loan outstanding from time to time shall be payable on each Payment Date, commencing on June 30, 2022. Maker may from time to time during the term of the Loan Agreement borrow, partially or wholly repay its outstanding borrowings, and reborrow, subject to all of the limitations, terms and conditions of the Loan Agreement; provided, however, that the total outstanding borrowings under this Note shall not at any time exceed $15,000,000. The unpaid principal balance of the Loan at any time shall be the total amount advanced hereunder by Payee less the amount of principal payments made hereon by or for Maker, which balance may be endorsed hereon from time to time by Payee or otherwise noted in Payee’s records, which notations shall be, absent manifest error, conclusive evidence of the amounts owing hereunder from time to time. The outstanding principal balance of the Loan and any and all accrued but unpaid interest hereon shall be due and payable in full on the Maturity Date or upon the earlier maturity hereof, whether by acceleration or otherwise. All payments (whether of principal or of interest) shall be deemed credited to Maker’s account only if received by 2:00 p.m. Central Time on a Business Day; otherwise, such payment shall be deemed received on the next Business Day.

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2.          Maximum Lawful Rate. It is the intent of Maker and Payee to conform to and contract in strict compliance with applicable usury law from time to time in effect. In no way, nor in any event or contingency (including but not limited to prepayment, default, demand for payment, or acceleration of the maturity of any obligation), shall the rate of interest taken, reserved, contracted for, charged or received under this Note and the other Loan Documents exceed the highest lawful interest rate permitted under applicable law. If Payee shall ever receive anything of value which is characterized as interest under applicable law and which would apart from this provision be in excess of the highest lawful interest rate permitted under applicable law, an amount equal to the amount which would have been excessive interest shall, without penalty, be applied to the reduction of the principal amount owing on the Loan in the inverse order of its maturity and not to the payment of interest, or refunded to the Maker or the other payor thereof if and to the extent such amount which would have been excessive exceeds such unpaid principal. All interest paid or agreed to be paid to the holder hereof shall, to the extent permitted by applicable law, be amortized, prorated, allocated and spread throughout the full stated term (including any renewal or extension) of the Loan so that the amount of interest on account of such obligation does not exceed the maximum permitted by applicable law. As used in this Section, the term “applicable law” shall mean the laws of the State of Texas or the federal laws of the United States, whichever laws allow the greater interest, as such laws now exist or may be changed or amended or come into effect in the future.

3.Quarterly Payments. All payments on account of the indebtedness evidenced by this Note shall be made to Payee not later than 2:00 p.m. Central Time on the day when due in lawful money of the United States and shall be first applied to late charges, costs of collection or enforcement and other similar amounts due, if any, under this Note and any of the other Loan Documents, then to interest due and payable hereunder and the remainder to principal due and payable hereunder.

4.Maturity Date. The indebtedness evidenced hereby shall mature on the Maturity Date, or as accelerated under the terms of the Loan Agreement. On the Maturity Date, the entire outstanding principal balance hereof, together with accrued and unpaid interest and all other sums evidenced by this Note, shall, if not sooner paid, become due and payable.

5.General Provisions.

(a)    In the event (i) the principal balance hereof is not paid when due whether by acceleration or upon the Maturity Date or (ii) an Event of Default exists, then the principal balance hereof will bear interest from and after the Maturity Date or the date of such Event of Default, as applicable, at the Default Rate until such Event of Default is cured.

(b)    Maker agrees that the obligation evidenced by this Note is an exempt transaction under the Truth-in-Lending Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1601, et seq.

(c)    This Note and all provisions hereof shall be binding upon Maker and all persons claiming under or through Maker, and shall inure to the benefit of Payee, together with its successors and assigns, including each owner and holder from time to time of this Note.

(d)    Time is of the essence as to all dates set forth herein.

(e)    To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, Maker agrees that its liability shall not be in any manner affected by any indulgence, extension of time, renewal, waiver, or modification granted or consented to by Payee; and Maker consents to any indulgences and all extensions of time, renewals, waivers, or modifications that may be granted by Payee with respect to the payment or other provisions of this Note, and to any substitution, exchange or release of the collateral, or any part thereof, with or without substitution, and agrees to the addition or release of any makers, endorsers, guarantors, or sureties, all whether primarily or secondarily liable, without notice to Maker and without affecting its liability hereunder.

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(f)    To the fullest extent permitted by applicable Law, Maker hereby waives and renounces for itself, its successors and assigns, all rights to the benefits of any statute of limitations and any moratorium, reinstatement, marshaling, forbearance, valuation, stay, extension, redemption, appraisement, or exemption and homestead laws now provided, or which may hereafter be provided, by the laws of the United States and of any state thereof against the enforcement and collection of the obligations evidenced by this Note.

(g)    If this Note is placed in the hands of attorneys for collection or is collected through any legal proceedings, Maker promises and agrees to pay, in addition to the principal, interest and other sums due and payable hereon, all costs of collecting or attempting to collect this Note, including all reasonable attorneys’ fees and disbursements.

(h)    To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, all parties now or hereafter liable with respect to this Note, whether Maker, principal, surety, guarantor, endorsee or otherwise hereby severally waive presentment for payment, demand, notice of nonpayment or dishonor, protest and notice of protest. No failure to accelerate the indebtedness evidenced hereby, acceptance of a past due installment following the expiration of any cure period provided by this Note, any Loan Document or applicable law, or indulgences granted from time to time shall be construed (i) as a novation of this Note or as a reinstatement of the indebtedness evidenced hereby or as a waiver of such right of acceleration or of the right of Payee thereafter to insist upon strict compliance with the terms of this Note, or (ii) to prevent the exercise of such right of acceleration or any other right granted hereunder or by the laws of the State. Maker hereby expressly waives the benefit of any statute or rule of law or equity now provided, or which may hereafter be provided, that would produce a result contrary to or in conflict with the foregoing.

6.****THIS NOTE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF TEXAS AND ANY APPLICABLE LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

7.****(j) THIS NOTE AND THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS REPRESENT THE FINAL AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE PARTIES AND MAY NOT BE CONTRADICTED BY EVIDENCE OF PRIOR, CONTEMPORANEOUS, OR SUBSEQUENT ORAL AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES. THERE ARE NO UNWRITTEN ORAL AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE PARTIES.

8.Amendment and Restatement. This Note is in amendment, restatement, and renewal of that certain Revolving Promissory Note dated May 20, 2022, executed by Borrower, payable to the order of Lender in the original principal amount of $20,000,000 (the "Prior Note"). It is the express intent of the parties to this Note that (a) no novation or extinguishment of the obligations and liabilities of the Maker under the Prior Note shall have occurred and (b) all security interests and liens on the Collateral shall continue, uninterrupted, to secure the obligations and liabilities under this Note.

[Signature page follows.]

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Maker has delivered this Note as of the day and year first set forth above.

MAKER:
FIRST NORTHWEST BANCORP
By: /s/ Phyllis Nomura
Name: Phyllis Nomura
Title: Chief Financial Officer

Signature Page to

Amended and Restated Promissory Note

ex_884609.htm

EXHIBIT 21.1

Subsidiaries of the Registrant

Parent Subsidiary Percentage of Ownership State of Incorporation
First Northwest Bancorp First Fed Bank 100% Washington

ex_884610.htm

EXHIBIT 23.1

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement on Form S-8 (No. 333-239988, No. 333-238569, No. 333-208341, and No. 333-202305**)** of First Northwest Bancorp and Subsidiary (the "Company"), of our report dated March 12, 2026, relating to the consolidated financial statements of the Company and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of the Company, appearing in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2025.

/s/ Baker Tilly US, LLP

Everett, Washington

March 12, 2026

ex_884611.htm

EXHIBIT 31.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to

Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, Curt Queyrouze, President, Chief Executive Officer and Director of First Northwest Bancorp, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, of First Northwest Bancorp;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
--- ---
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
--- ---
4. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
--- ---
a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
--- ---
b. Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
--- ---
c. Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
--- ---
d. Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fiscal fourth quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
--- ---
5. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
--- ---
a. All significant deficiencies and material weakness in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data information; and
--- ---
b. Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
--- ---
Date: March 12, 2026 /s/Curt Queyrouze
--- --- ---
Curt Queyrouze<br> President, Chief Executive Officer and Director<br> (Principal Executive Officer)

ex_884612.htm

EXHIBIT 31.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to

Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, Phyllis R. Nomura, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of First Northwest Bancorp, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, of First Northwest Bancorp;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
--- ---
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
--- ---
4. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
--- ---
a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
--- ---
b. Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
--- ---
c. Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
--- ---
d. Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fiscal fourth quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
--- ---
5. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
--- ---
a. All significant deficiencies and material weakness in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data information; and
--- ---
b. Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
--- ---
Date: March 12, 2026 /s/Phyllis R. Nomura
--- --- ---
Phyllis R. Nomura<br><br> <br>Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer<br><br> <br>(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

ex_884613.htm

EXHIBIT 32

Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of First Northwest Bancorp

Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Each of the undersigned hereby certify, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and in connection with this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2025, that:

1. the report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
2. the information contained in the report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
--- ---
/s/Curt Queyrouze /s/Phyllis R. Nomura
--- ---
Curt Queyrouze<br><br> <br>President, Chief Executive Officer, and Director<br><br> <br>(Principal Executive Officer) Phyllis R. Nomura<br><br> <br>Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer<br><br> <br>(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Dated: March 12, 2026

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