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Equibles

10-Q

Greystone Housing Impact Investors LP (GHI)

10-Q 2020-05-06 For: 2020-03-31
View Original
Added on April 07, 2026

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.  20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from            to

Commission File Number:  000-24843

AMERICA FIRST MULTIFAMILY INVESTORS, L.P.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware 47-0810385
(State or other jurisdiction of<br><br><br>incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer<br><br><br>Identification No.)
14301 FNB Parkway, Suite 211, Omaha, Nebraska 68154
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(402) 952-1235
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
N/A
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered
Beneficial Unit Certificates representing assignments of limited partnership interests in America First Multifamily Investors, L.P. ATAX The NASDAQ Stock Market, LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  YES ☒ NO ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  YES ☒ NO ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐ Accelerated filer ☒
Non- accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☒
Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  YES ☐ NO ☒

As of March 31, 2020, the registrant had 60,545,204 Beneficial Unit Certificates representing assignments of limited partnership interests in America First Multifamily Investors, L.P. outstanding.

INDEX

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1 Financial Statements (Unaudited) 4
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets 4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations 5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) 6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Partners’ Capital 7
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 8
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements 9
Item 2 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 36
Item 3 Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 51
Item 4 Controls and Procedures 53
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1A Risk Factors 54
Item 2 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds 55
Item 6 Exhibits 55
SIGNATURES 56

Forward-Looking Statements

This report (including, but not limited to, the information contained in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”) contains forward-looking statements. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this report, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, business strategy and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. When used, statements which are not historical in nature, including those containing words such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “should,” “expect,” “believe,” “intend,” and similar expressions, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. We have based forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. This report also contains estimates and other statistical data made by independent parties and by us relating to market size and growth and other industry data. This data involves several assumptions and limitations, and you are cautioned not to give undue weight to such estimates. We have not independently verified the statistical and other industry data generated by independent parties and contained in this report, and, accordingly, we cannot guarantee their accuracy or completeness. In addition, projections, assumptions and estimates of our future performance and the future performance of the industries in which we operate are necessarily subject to a high degree of uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described under the heading “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of America First Multifamily Investors, L.P.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 and in this report.

These forward-looking statements are subject, but not limited, to various risks and uncertainties, including those relating to:

• current maturities of our financing arrangements and our ability to renew or refinance such financing arrangements;
• defaults on the mortgage loans securing our mortgage revenue bonds (“MRBs”);
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• the competitive environment in which we operate;
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• risks associated with investing in multifamily, student, senior citizen residential properties and commercial properties;
--- ---
• changes in business conditions and the general economy, including the current and future impact of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) on business operations, employment and government-mandated relief and mitigation measures;
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• changes in interest rates;
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• our ability to use borrowings or obtain capital to finance our assets;
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• local, regional, national and international economic and credit market conditions;
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• recapture of previously issued Low Income Housing Tax Credits (“LIHTCs”) in accordance with Section 42 of the Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”);
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• geographic concentration within the MRB portfolio held by the Partnership; and
--- ---
• changes in the U.S. corporate tax code and other government regulations affecting our business.
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Other risks, uncertainties and factors could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statements we make. We are not obligated to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether because of new information, future events or otherwise.

All references to “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Partnership” in this document mean America First Multifamily Investors, L.P. (“ATAX”), its wholly-owned subsidiaries and its consolidated variable interest entities. See Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” of this Report for additional details.

Item 1. Financial Statements.

AMERICA FIRST MULTIFAMILY INVESTORS, L.P.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(UNAUDITED)

December 31, 2019
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents 35,158,156 $ 42,308,153
Restricted cash 600,646 877,828
Interest receivable, net 7,905,503 7,432,433
Mortgage revenue bonds held in trust, at fair value (Note 6) 734,245,836 743,587,715
Mortgage revenue bonds, at fair value (Note 6) 26,836,439 30,009,750
Public housing capital fund trust certificates, at fair value (Note 7) - 43,349,357
Real estate assets: (Note 8)
Land and improvements 4,900,465 4,906,130
Buildings and improvements 72,052,740 72,011,533
Real estate assets before accumulated depreciation 76,953,205 76,917,663
Accumulated depreciation (16,064,714 ) (15,357,700 )
Net real estate assets 60,888,491 61,559,963
Investments in unconsolidated entities (Note 9) 98,643,727 86,981,864
Property loans, net of loan loss allowance (Note 10) 7,999,094 7,999,094
Other assets (Note 12) 5,238,370 5,062,351
Total Assets 977,516,262 $ 1,029,168,508
Liabilities:
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities (Note 13) 9,465,120 $ 9,036,167
Distribution payable 7,604,401 7,607,984
Unsecured lines of credit (Note 14) 12,540,000 13,200,000
Debt financing, net (Note 15) 500,385,429 536,197,421
Mortgages payable and other secured financing, net (Note 16) 26,689,992 26,802,246
Total Liabilities 556,684,942 592,843,818
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 18)
Redeemable Series A Preferred Units, approximately 94.5 million redemption value, 9.5 million<br>   issued and outstanding, net (Note 19) 94,395,439 94,386,427
Partnersʼ Capital:
General Partner (Note 1) 601,172 735,128
Beneficial Unit Certificates ("BUCs," Note 1) 325,834,709 341,203,135
Total Partnersʼ Capital 326,435,881 341,938,263
Total Liabilities and Partnersʼ Capital 977,516,262 $ 1,029,168,508

All values are in US Dollars.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

AMERICA FIRST MULTIFAMILY INVESTORS, L.P.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(UNAUDITED)

For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2020 2019
Revenues:
Investment income $ 11,543,423 $ 12,407,876
Property revenues 1,952,247 1,993,629
Contingent interest income 12,043 3,012,102
Other interest income 228,422 222,238
Other income - 28,753
Total revenues 13,736,135 17,664,598
Expenses:
Real estate operating (exclusive of items shown below) 1,175,374 1,176,818
Provision for credit loss (Note 6) 1,357,681 -
Depreciation and amortization 709,438 820,808
Interest expense 6,017,968 6,394,920
General and administrative 2,898,526 2,778,591
Total expenses 12,158,987 11,171,137
Other Income:
Gain on sale of securities 1,416,023 -
Income before income taxes 2,993,171 6,493,461
Income tax expense 11,414 41,648
Net income 2,981,757 6,451,813
Redeemable Series A Preferred Unit distributions and accretion (717,763 ) (717,763 )
Net income available to Partners $ 2,263,994 $ 5,734,050
Net income (loss) available to Partners allocated to:
General Partner $ (53,404 ) $ 780,245
Limited Partners - BUCs 2,312,216 4,920,644
Limited Partners - Restricted units 5,182 33,161
$ 2,263,994 $ 5,734,050
BUC holders' interest in net income per BUC, basic and diluted $ 0.04 $ 0.08
Weighted average number of BUCs outstanding, basic 60,754,179 60,426,177
Weighted average number of BUCs outstanding, diluted 60,754,179 60,426,177

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

AMERICA FIRST MULTIFAMILY INVESTORS, L.P.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(UNAUDITED)

For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2020 2019
Net income $ 2,981,757 $ 6,451,813
Reversal of net unrealized gains on sale of securities (1,408,804 ) -
Reversal of net unrealized loss on securities to<br><br><br>provision for credit loss 372,169 -
Unrealized gain (loss) on securities (7,057,736 ) 8,143,927
Comprehensive income (loss) $ (5,112,614 ) $ 14,595,740

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

AMERICA FIRST MULTIFAMILY INVESTORS, L.P.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF PARTNERS’ CAPITAL

(UNAUDITED)

# of BUCs -<br><br><br>Restricted and<br><br><br>Unrestricted BUCs<br><br><br>- Restricted and<br><br><br>Unrestricted Total Accumulated<br><br><br>Other<br><br><br>Comprehensive<br><br><br>Income (Loss)
Balance as of December 31, 2019 735,128 60,835,204 $ 341,203,135 $ 341,938,263 $ 99,308,677
Distributions paid or accrued (0.125 per BUC):
Regular distribution (80,501 ) - (7,969,618 ) (8,050,119 ) -
Distribution of Tier 2 loss (income) (Note 3) 80,501 - 365,218 445,719 -
Net income allocable to Partners (53,404 ) - 2,317,398 2,263,994 -
Repurchase of BUCs - (290,000 ) (2,106,673 ) (2,106,673 ) -
Restricted units awarded - 290,000 - - -
Restricted unit compensation expense 391 - 38,677 39,068 -
Unrealized loss on securities (70,577 ) - (6,987,159 ) (7,057,736 ) (7,057,736 )
Reversal of net unrealized gains on<br>   sale of securities (14,088 ) - (1,394,716 ) (1,408,804 ) (1,408,804 )
Reversal of net unrealized loss on securities to<br>  provision for credit loss 3,722 - 368,447 372,169 372,169
Balance as of March 31, 2020 601,172 $ 60,835,204 $ 325,834,709 $ 326,435,881 $ 91,214,306

All values are in US Dollars.

# of BUCs -<br><br><br>Restricted and<br><br><br>Unrestricted BUCs<br><br><br>- Restricted and<br><br><br>Unrestricted Total Accumulated<br><br><br>Other<br><br><br>Comprehensive<br><br><br>Income (Loss)
Balance as of December 31, 2018 344,590 60,691,467 $ 304,121,151 $ 304,465,741 $ 58,978,042
Cumulative effect of accounting change (Note 13) (2 ) - (210 ) (212 ) -
Distributions paid or accrued (0.125 per BUC):
Regular distribution (53,812 ) - (5,327,357 ) (5,381,169 ) -
Distribution of Tier 2 income (Note 3) (753,025 ) - (2,259,077 ) (3,012,102 ) -
Net income allocable to Partners 780,245 - 4,953,805 5,734,050 -
Restricted unit compensation expense 1,842 - 182,342 184,184 -
Unrealized gain on securities 81,439 - 8,062,488 8,143,927 8,143,927
Balance as of March 31, 2019 401,277 60,691,467 $ 309,733,142 $ 310,134,419 $ 67,121,969

All values are in US Dollars.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

AMERICA FIRST MULTIFAMILY INVESTORS, L.P.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2020 2019
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $ 2,981,757 $ 6,451,813
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization expense 709,438 820,808
Gain on sale of investment in securities (1,416,023 ) -
Provision for credit loss 1,357,681 -
Contingent interest realized on investing activities (12,043 ) (3,012,102 )
(Gain) loss on derivatives, net of cash paid (25,201 ) 353,127
Restricted unit compensation expense 39,068 184,184
Bond premium/discount amortization (27,923 ) (52,456 )
Debt premium amortization (10,111 ) -
Amortization of deferred financing costs 358,908 361,305
Deferred income tax expense & income tax payable/receivable 6,914 310,496
Change in preferred return receivable from unconsolidated entities, net (1,391,572 ) (1,556,390 )
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Increase in interest receivable (473,070 ) (663,475 )
(Increase) decrease in other assets (105,961 ) 722,938
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued expenses 352,242 (354,666 )
Net cash provided by operating activities 2,344,104 3,565,582
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures (86,209 ) (54,337 )
Acquisition of mortgage revenue bonds - (6,050,000 )
Contributions to unconsolidated entities (10,270,291 ) (6,594,286 )
Principal payments received on mortgage revenue bonds 4,470,529 6,831,237
Principal payments received on taxable mortgage revenue bonds 2,138 1,954
Proceeds from sale of PHC Certificates 43,349,357 -
Principal payments received on PHC Certificates - 2,767,166
Principal payments received on property loans and contingent interest 12,043 11,379,737
Net cash provided by investing activities 37,477,567 8,281,471
Cash flows from financing activities:
Distributions paid (8,316,733 ) (8,284,917 )
Repurchase of BUCs (2,106,673 ) -
Proceeds from debt financing - 5,263,500
Principal payments on debt financing (36,013,217 ) (2,976,289 )
Principal payments on mortgages payable (120,958 ) (104,685 )
Principal payments on unsecured lines of credit (660,000 ) -
Decrease in security deposit liability related to restricted cash (30,549 ) (10,455 )
Debt financing and other deferred costs (720 ) -
Net cash used in financing activities (47,248,850 ) (6,112,846 )
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (7,427,179 ) 5,734,207
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period 43,185,981 33,268,611
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period $ 35,758,802 $ 39,002,818
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period for interest $ 4,880,193 $ 5,514,997
Cash paid during the period for income taxes 4,500 -
Supplemental disclosure of noncash investing and financing activities:
Distributions declared but not paid for BUCs and General Partner $ 7,604,401 $ 8,393,271
Distributions declared but not paid for Series A Preferred Units 708,750 708,750
Capital expenditures financed through accounts payable 3,959 850
Deferred financing costs financed through accounts payable 103,300 4,843

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the condensed consolidated balance sheets to the total of such amounts shown in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows:

March 31, 2020 March 31, 2019
Cash and cash equivalents $ 35,158,156 $ 38,210,497
Restricted cash 600,646 792,321
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 35,758,802 $ 39,002,818

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

AMERICA FIRST MULTIFAMILY INVESTORS, L.P.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

  1. Basis of Presentation

America First Multifamily Investors, L.P. (the “Partnership”) was formed on April 2, 1998, under the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act for the purpose of acquiring, holding, selling and otherwise dealing with a portfolio of mortgage revenue bonds (“MRBs”) that have been issued to provide construction and/or permanent financing for affordable multifamily and student housing residential properties (collectively “Residential Properties”) and commercial properties. The Partnership expects and believes the interest earned on these MRBs is excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes.  The Partnership may also invest in other types of securities that may or may not be secured by real estate and may make property loans to multifamily residential properties which may or may not be financed by MRBs held by the Partnership.   The Partnership may acquire real estate securing its MRBs or property loans through foreclosure in the event of a default or through the receipt of a fee simple deed in lieu of foreclosure.  In addition, the Partnership may acquire interests in multifamily, student and senior citizen residential properties (“MF Properties”) in order to position itself for future investments in MRBs that finance these properties or to operate the MF Properties until their “highest and best use” can be determined by management.

The Partnership’s sole general partner is America First Capital Associates Limited Partnership Two (“AFCA 2” or “General Partner”).  The general partner of AFCA 2 is Greystone AF Manager LLC (“Greystone Manager”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Greystone & Co., Inc. (collectively with its affiliates, “Greystone”).

The Partnership has issued Beneficial Unit Certificates (“BUCs”) representing assigned limited partner interests to investors (“BUC holders”). The Partnership has also issued non-cumulative, non-voting, non-convertible Series A Preferred Units (“Series A Preferred Units”) that represent limited interests in the Partnership under the Partnership’s First Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership dated September 15, 2015, as further amended (the “Partnership Agreement”). The Series A Preferred Units are redeemable in the future and represent limited partnership interests in the Partnership pursuant to subscription agreements with five financial institutions (see Note 19). The holders of the BUCs and Series A Preferred Units are referred to herein as “Unitholders.”

  1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Consolidation

The “Partnership,” as used herein, includes America First Multifamily Investors, L.P., its consolidated subsidiaries and consolidated variable interest entities (Note 5). All intercompany transactions are eliminated.  The consolidated subsidiaries of the Partnership for the periods presented consist of:

• ATAX TEBS I, LLC, a special purpose entity owned and controlled by the Partnership, created to hold MRBs to facilitate the M24 Tax Exempt Bond Securitization (“TEBS”) Financing with the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”);
• ATAX TEBS II, LLC, a special purpose entity owned and controlled by the Partnership, created to hold MRBs to facilitate the M31 TEBS Financing with Freddie Mac;
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• ATAX TEBS III, LLC, a special purpose entity owned and controlled by the Partnership, created to hold MRBs to facilitate the M33 TEBS Financing with Freddie Mac;
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• ATAX TEBS IV, LLC, a special purpose entity owned and controlled by the Partnership, created to hold MRBs to facilitate the M45 TEBS Financing with Freddie Mac;
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• ATAX Vantage Holdings, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Partnership, which is committed to loan money or provide equity for the development of multifamily properties;
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• One wholly-owned corporation (“the Greens Hold Co”).  The Greens Hold Co owns 100% of The 50/50 MF Property, a real estate asset, and certain property loans; and
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• The Suites on Paseo MF Property, a real estate asset, is owned directly by the Partnership.
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The Partnership also consolidates variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which the Partnership is deemed to be the primary beneficiary.

Impairment of Mortgage Revenue Bonds

The Partnership periodically reviews its MRBs for impairment.  The Partnership evaluates whether unrealized losses are considered other-than-temporary impairments based on various factors including:

• The duration and severity of the decline in fair value;
• The Partnership’s intent to hold and the likelihood of it being required to sell the security before its value recovers;
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• Adverse conditions specifically related to the security, its collateral, or both;
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• Volatility of the fair value of the security;
--- ---
• The likelihood of the borrower being able to make payments;
--- ---
• Failure of the issuer to make scheduled interest or principal payments; and
--- ---
• Recoveries or additional declines in fair value after the balance sheet date.
--- ---

While the Partnership evaluates all available information, it focuses specifically on whether the security’s estimated fair value is below amortized cost.

If a MRB’s estimated fair value is below amortized cost, and the Partnership has the intent to sell or may be required to sell the MRB prior to the time that its value recovers or until maturity, the Partnership will record an other-than-temporary impairment through earnings equal to the difference between the MRB’s carrying value and its fair value, and will establish an allowance for credit loss. If the Partnership does not expect to sell an other-than-temporarily impaired MRB, only the portion of the other-than-temporary impairment related to credit losses is recognized through earnings as a provision for credit loss, with the remainder recognized as a component of other comprehensive income (loss).  In determining the provision for credit loss, the Partnership compares the present value of cash flows expected to be collected to the MRB’s amortized cost basis.

The recognition of other-than-temporary impairment, provision for credit loss, and the potential impairment analysis are subject to a considerable degree of judgment, the results of which, when applied under different conditions or assumptions, could have a material impact on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements. If the Partnership experiences deterioration in the values of its MRB portfolio, the Partnership may incur other-than-temporary impairments or provision for credit losses that could negatively impact the Partnership’s financial condition, cash flows, and reported earnings. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, there was a provision for credit loss reported by the Partnership related to one MRB (see Note 6).  There were no other-than-temporary impairment charges or provision for credit loss reported during the three months ended March 31, 2019.

Estimates and assumptions

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.  The accompanying interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted in accordance with such SEC rules and regulations, although management believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading.

The Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Partnership’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. These condensed consolidated financial statements and notes have been prepared consistently with the 2019 Form 10-K. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal and recurring accruals) necessary to present fairly the Partnership’s financial position as of March 31, 2020, and the results of operations for the interim periods presented, have been made. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019 was derived from the audited annual consolidated financial statements but does not contain all the footnote disclosures from the annual consolidated financial statements.

A novel strain of coronavirus (“COVID-19”) was reported to have surfaced in Wuhan, China in December 2019, and has since spread globally, including to every state in the United States. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic, and on March 13, 2020, the United States declared a national emergency with respect to COVID-19. The COVID-19 outbreak is disrupting supply chains and affecting production, sales and employment across a range of industries. The extent of the impact of COVID-19 on the Partnership’s operational and financial performance will depend on certain developments, including the duration and spread of the outbreak, the impact on the underlying borrowers of MRBs, tenants at the MF Properties and operations of the Partnership’s investments in unconsolidated entities, all of which are uncertain and cannot be predicted at this time. In addition, market volatility may cause fluctuations in the valuation of the Partnerships’ MRBs, taxable MRBs, MF Properties and investments in unconsolidated entities. The extent to which COVID-19 will impact the Partnership’s financial condition or results of operations is uncertain.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326).”  ASU 2016-13 enhances the methodology of measuring expected credit losses for financial assets to include the use of reasonable and supportable forward-looking information to better estimate credit losses.  ASU 2016-13 also includes changes to the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities, such as the Partnership’s MRBs and taxable MRBs.  In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-10 which amended the mandatory effective dates of certain ASUs, including ASU 2016-13, based on an entity’s filing status.  As a smaller reporting company, the Partnership’s mandatory effective date for ASU 2016-13 is now January 1, 2023, and the Partnership has elected to defer adoption until that date.  The delay in implementing ASU 2016-13 will allow the Partnership to take advantage of any additional guidance that may come out from the FASB on implementing ASU 2016-13. The effective date may be sooner if the Partnership becomes an accelerated filer in the future. Prior to the issuance of ASU 2019-10, the Partnership had completed an initial assessment of the items that are within the scope of ASU 2016-13. Furthermore, the Partnership began developing data collection processes, assessment procedures and internal controls required to implement ASU 2016-13. The Partnership will continue to develop data collection processes, assessment procedures and internal controls that will be required when it does implement ASU 2016-13, and to evaluate the impact on the Partnership’s consolidated financial statements.

  1. Partnership Income, Expenses and Cash Distributions

The Partnership Agreement contains provisions for the distribution of Net Interest Income, Net Residual Proceeds and Liquidation Proceeds, for the allocation of income or loss from operations, and for the allocation of income and loss arising from a repayment, sale, or liquidation of investments.  Income and losses will be allocated to each Unitholder on a periodic basis, as determined by the General Partner, based on the number of Series A Preferred Units and BUCs held by each Unitholder as of the last day of the period for which such allocation is to be made. Distributions of Net Interest Income and Net Residual Proceeds will be made to each Unitholder of record on the last day of each distribution period based on the number of Series A Preferred Units and BUCs held by each Unitholder on that date.  Cash distributions are currently made on a quarterly basis.

For purposes of the Partnership Agreement, income and cash received by the Partnership from its investments in MF Properties, investments in unconsolidated entities, and property loans will be included in the Partnership’s Net Interest Income, and cash distributions received by the Partnership from the sale or redemption of such investments will be included in the Partnership’s Net Residual Proceeds.

The holders of the Series A Preferred Units are entitled to distributions at a fixed rate of 3.0% per annum prior to payment of distributions to other Unitholders.

Net Interest Income (Tier 1) is allocated 99% to the limited partners and BUC holders as a class and 1% to the General Partner. Net Interest Income (Tier 2) and Net Residual Proceeds (Tier 2) are allocated 75% to the limited partners and BUC holders as a class and 25% to the General Partner.  Net Interest Income (Tier 2) and Net Residual Proceeds (Tier 2) in excess of the maximum allowable amount as set forth in the Partnership Agreement are considered Net Interest Income (Tier 3) and Net Residual Proceeds (Tier 3) and are allocated 100% to the limited partners and BUC holders as a class.

  1. Net income per BUC

The Partnership has disclosed basic and diluted net income per BUC on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated statements of operations. The unvested Restricted Unit Awards (“RUAs”) issued under the Partnership’s 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”) are considered participating securities. There were no dilutive BUCs for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

  1. Variable Interest Entities

Consolidated Variable Interest Entities (“VIEs”)

The Partnership has determined the Tender Option Bond (“TOB”), Term TOB, Term A/B and TEBS Financings are VIEs and the Partnership is the primary beneficiary. In determining the primary beneficiary of each VIE, the Partnership considered which party has the power to control the activities of the VIE which most significantly impact its financial performance, the risks that the entity was designed to create, and how each risk affects the VIE.  The executed agreements related to the TOB, Term TOB, Term A/B and TEBS Financings stipulate the Partnership has the sole right to cause the trusts to sell the underlying assets. If the underlying assets were sold, the extent to which the VIEs will be exposed to gains or losses would result from decisions made by the Partnership.

As the primary beneficiary, the Partnership reports the TOB, Term TOB, Term A/B and TEBS Financings on a consolidated basis. The Partnership reports the senior Floater Certificates related to the TOB Financings, and the Class A Certificates related to the Term TOB, Term A/B and TEBS Financings as secured debt financings on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated balance sheets (see Note 15). The MRBs secured by the TOB, Term TOB, Term A/B and TEBS Financings, and the PHCs secured by the TOB Financings, are reported as assets on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated balance sheets (see Notes 6 and 7).

Non-Consolidated VIEs

The Partnership has variable interests in various entities in the form of MRBs, property loans and investments in unconsolidated entities. These variable interests do not allow the Partnership to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of such VIEs. As a result, the Partnership is not considered the primary beneficiary and does not consolidate the financial statements of these VIEs in the Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

The Partnership held variable interests in 17 non-consolidated VIEs as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The following table summarizes the Partnership’s variable interests in these entities as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Maximum Exposure to Loss
March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Mortgage revenue bonds $ 24,647,000 $ 30,455,000
Investment in unconsolidated entities 98,643,727 86,981,864
$ 123,290,727 $ 117,436,864

The maximum exposure to loss for the MRBs is equal to the cost adjusted for paydowns. The difference between an MRB’s carrying value on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated balance sheets and the maximum exposure to loss is a function of the unrealized gains or losses on the MRB.

The maximum exposure to loss for investments in unconsolidated entities is equal to the Partnership’s carrying value.

  1. Investments in Mortgage Revenue Bonds

MRBs owned by the Partnership provide construction and/or permanent financing for Residential Properties and a commercial property.  MRBs are either held directly by the Partnership or are held in trusts created in connection with debt financing transactions (Note 15). The Partnership had the following investments in MRBs as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

March 31, 2020
Description of Mortgage Revenue Bonds Held in Trust State Cost Adjusted for<br><br><br>Paydowns and<br><br><br>Allowances Cumulative<br><br><br>Unrealized Gain Cumulative<br><br><br>Unrealized Loss Estimated Fair Value
Courtyard - Series A^(5)^ CA $ 10,126,458 $ 1,428,563 $ - $ 11,555,021
Glenview Apartments - Series A ^(4)^ CA 4,521,529 687,871 - 5,209,400
Harmony Court Bakersfield - Series A^(5)^ CA 3,692,247 487,054 - 4,179,301
Harmony Terrace - Series A ^(5)^ CA 6,834,955 1,002,038 - 7,836,993
Harden Ranch - Series A ^(3)^ CA 6,681,530 1,094,025 - 7,775,555
Las Palmas II - Series A ^(5)^ CA 1,675,475 234,810 - 1,910,285
Montclair Apartments - Series A ^(4)^ CA 2,449,565 415,776 - 2,865,341
Montecito at Williams Ranch Apartments - Series A ^(7)^ CA 7,667,712 1,457,424 - 9,125,136
San Vicente - Series A ^(5)^ CA 3,454,740 452,745 - 3,907,485
Santa Fe Apartments - Series A ^(4)^ CA 2,967,556 503,697 - 3,471,253
Seasons at Simi Valley - Series A^(5)^ CA 4,271,321 818,274 - 5,089,595
Seasons Lakewood - Series A ^(5)^ CA 7,280,713 999,919 - 8,280,632
Seasons San Juan Capistrano - Series A^(5)^ CA 12,258,343 1,683,537 - 13,941,880
Summerhill - Series A ^(5)^ CA 6,357,990 809,791 - 7,167,781
Sycamore Walk - Series A^(5)^ CA 3,548,939 527,404 - 4,076,343
The Village at Madera - Series A ^(5)^ CA 3,053,775 402,832 - 3,456,607
Tyler Park Townhomes - Series A ^(3)^ CA 5,820,554 685,637 - 6,506,191
Vineyard Gardens - Series A ^(7)^ CA 3,990,400 751,127 - 4,741,527
Westside Village Market - Series A ^(3)^ CA 3,803,721 590,032 - 4,393,753
Brookstone ^(1)^ IL 7,399,317 1,923,740 - 9,323,057
Copper Gate Apartments ^(3)^ IN 5,005,000 565,018 - 5,570,018
Renaissance - Series A ^(4)^ LA 10,969,168 1,774,107 - 12,743,275
Live 929 Apartments ^(7), (8)^ MD 39,907,484 - (403,464 ) 39,504,020
Woodlynn Village ^(1)^ MN 4,172,000 10,156 - 4,182,156
Gateway Village ^(2)^ NC 2,600,000 431,554 - 3,031,554
Greens Property - Series A ^(3)^ NC 7,910,000 702,514 - 8,612,514
Lynnhaven Apartments^(2)^ NC 3,450,000 462,437 - 3,912,437
Silver Moon - Series A ^(4)^ NM 7,746,418 1,311,816 - 9,058,234
Village at Avalon - Series A ^(6)^ NM 16,274,407 3,132,378 - 19,406,785
Ohio Properties - Series A ^(1)^ OH 13,823,998 46,555 - 13,870,553
Bridle Ridge ^(1)^ SC 7,275,000 54,595 - 7,329,595
Columbia Gardens ^(5)^ SC 13,023,898 1,930,568 - 14,954,466
Companion at Thornhill Apartments^(5)^ SC 11,148,397 1,421,140 - 12,569,537
Cross Creek ^(1)^ SC 6,142,795 2,367,804 - 8,510,599
Rosewood Townhomes - Series A ^(7)^ SC 9,280,000 936,317 - 10,216,317
South Pointe Apartments - Series A ^(7)^ SC 21,600,000 2,076,089 - 23,676,089
The Palms at Premier Park Apartments ^(3)^ SC 18,784,904 2,222,099 - 21,007,003
Village at River's Edge ^(5)^ SC 9,855,232 2,001,464 - 11,856,696
Willow Run ^(5)^ SC 12,843,514 1,812,321 - 14,655,835
Arbors at Hickory Ridge ^(3)^ TN 11,021,094 1,708,507 - 12,729,601
Pro Nova 2014-1 ^(2)^ TN 8,663,406 - - 8,663,406
Avistar at Copperfield - Series A^(2)^ TX 13,913,910 2,010,421 - 15,924,331
Avistar at the Crest - Series A ^(3)^ TX 9,224,980 1,605,894 - 10,830,874
Avistar at the Oaks - Series A ^(3)^ TX 7,454,400 1,275,316 - 8,729,716
Avistar at the Parkway - Series A ^(4)^ TX 12,821,526 1,870,208 - 14,691,734
Avistar at Wilcrest - Series A^(2)^ TX 5,273,090 679,531 - 5,952,621
Avistar at Wood Hollow - Series A^(2)^ TX 40,038,454 5,315,077 - 45,353,531
Avistar in 09 - Series A ^(3)^ TX 6,436,585 1,101,186 - 7,537,771
Avistar on the Boulevard - Series A ^(3)^ TX 15,715,747 2,470,949 - 18,186,696
Avistar on the Hills - Series A ^(3)^ TX 5,103,450 895,447 - 5,998,897
Bruton Apartments ^(5)^ TX 17,775,126 3,083,030 - 20,858,156
Concord at Gulfgate - Series A ^(5)^ TX 18,932,033 3,412,592 - 22,344,625
Concord at Little York - Series A ^(5)^ TX 13,262,784 2,508,285 - 15,771,069
Concord at Williamcrest - Series A ^(5)^ TX 20,545,474 3,794,305 - 24,339,779
Crossing at 1415 - Series A^(5)^ TX 7,387,421 1,146,538 - 8,533,959
Decatur Angle ^(5)^ TX 22,410,500 3,592,948 - 26,003,448
Esperanza at Palo Alto ^(5)^ TX 19,323,071 4,046,705 - 23,369,776
Heights at 515 - Series A^(5)^ TX 6,763,311 1,077,559 - 7,840,870
Heritage Square - Series A ^(4)^ TX 10,666,690 1,327,878 - 11,994,568
Oaks at Georgetown - Series A ^(5)^ TX 12,213,767 1,337,957 - 13,551,724
Runnymede ^(1)^ TX 9,925,000 157,344 - 10,082,344
Southpark ^(1)^ TX 11,566,796 2,124,260 - 13,691,056
15 West Apartments ^(5)^ WA 9,656,406 2,128,059 - 11,784,465
Mortgage revenue bonds held in trust $ 645,764,076 $ 88,885,224 $ (403,464 ) $ 734,245,836
^(1)^ MRBs owned by ATAX TEBS I, LLC (M24 TEBS), Note 15
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^(2)^ MRBs held by Deutsche Bank in a secured financing transaction, Note 15
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^(3)^ MRBs owned by ATAX TEBS II, LLC (M31 TEBS), Note 15
--- ---
^(4)^ MRBs owned by ATAX TEBS III, LLC (M33 TEBS), Note 15
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^(5)^ MRBs owned by ATAX TEBS IV, LLC (M45 TEBS), Note 15
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^(6)^ MRB held by Morgan Stanley in a secured financing transaction, Note 15
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^(7)^ MRBs held by Mizuho Capital Markets, LLC in a secured financing transaction, Note 15
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^(8)^ As of the date presented, the MRB had been in a cumulative unrealized loss for less than 12 consecutive months.
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March 31, 2020
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Description of Mortgage Revenue Bonds held by the Partnership State Cost Adjusted for<br><br><br>Paydowns Cumulative<br><br><br>Unrealized Gain Cumulative<br><br><br>Unrealized Loss Estimated Fair Value
Montevista - Series A & B CA $ 13,200,000 $ 1,629,097 $ - $ 14,829,097
Solano Vista - Series A CA 2,665,000 624,588 - 3,289,588
Greens Property - Series B NC 928,962 122,356 - 1,051,318
Ohio Properties - Series B OH 3,499,720 9,812 - 3,509,532
Rosewood Townhomes - Series B SC 470,000 1,935 - 471,935
South Pointe Apartments - Series B SC 1,100,000 3,962 - 1,103,962
Avistar at the Crest - Series B TX 739,691 90,911 - 830,602
Avistar at the Oaks - Series B TX 541,337 62,305 - 603,642
Avistar at the Parkway - Series B TX 124,225 35,847 - 160,072
Avistar in 09 - Series B TX 446,554 51,396 - 497,950
Avistar on the Boulevard - Series B TX 439,527 49,214 - 488,741
Mortgage revenue bonds held by the Partnership $ 24,155,016 $ 2,681,423 $ - $ 26,836,439
December 31, 2019
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Description of Mortgage Revenue Bonds Held in Trust State Cost Adjusted for<br><br><br>Paydowns Cumulative<br><br><br>Unrealized Gain Cumulative<br><br><br>Unrealized Loss Estimated Fair Value
Courtyard - Series A^(5)^ CA $ 10,147,686 $ 1,602,534 $ - $ 11,750,220
Glenview Apartments - Series A^(4)^ CA 4,533,958 757,900 - 5,291,858
Harmony Court Bakersfield - Series A ^(5)^ CA 3,699,987 549,211 - 4,249,198
Harmony Terrace - Series A^(5)^ CA 6,849,214 1,121,262 - 7,970,476
Harden Ranch - Series A^(3)^ CA 6,700,868 1,281,980 - 7,982,848
Las Palmas II - Series A^(5)^ CA 1,679,022 263,441 - 1,942,463
Montclair Apartments - Series A^(4)^ CA 2,456,298 446,558 - 2,902,856
Montecito at Williams Ranch Apartments - Series A^(7)^ CA 7,681,146 1,580,303 - 9,261,449
San Vicente - Series A^(5)^ CA 3,462,053 510,593 - 3,972,646
Santa Fe Apartments - Series A^(4)^ CA 2,975,713 540,988 - 3,516,701
Seasons at Simi Valley - Series A^(5)^ CA 4,282,477 860,856 - 5,143,333
Seasons Lakewood - Series A^(5)^ CA 7,295,901 1,124,372 - 8,420,273
Seasons San Juan Capistrano - Series A^(5)^ CA 12,283,916 1,893,075 - 14,176,991
Summerhill - Series A^(5)^ CA 6,371,318 797,228 - 7,168,546
Sycamore Walk - Series A^(5)^ CA 3,559,011 567,713 - 4,126,724
The Village at Madera - Series A^(5)^ CA 3,060,177 454,240 - 3,514,417
Tyler Park Townhomes - Series A^(3)^ CA 5,837,595 864,894 - 6,702,489
Vineyard Gardens - Series A^(7)^ CA 3,995,000 815,213 - 4,810,213
Westside Village Market - Series A^(3)^ CA 3,814,857 594,361 - 4,409,218
Brookstone^(1)^ IL 7,406,755 2,194,994 - 9,601,749
Copper Gate Apartments^(3)^ IN 5,005,000 682,497 - 5,687,497
Renaissance - Series A^(4)^ LA 11,001,027 1,775,086 - 12,776,113
Live 929 Apartments ^(7), (8)^ MD 39,984,026 - (280,711 ) 39,703,315
Woodlynn Village ^(1)^ MN 4,172,000 44,510 - 4,216,510
Gateway Village ^(2)^ NC 2,600,000 509,901 - 3,109,901
Greens Property - Series A ^(3)^ NC 7,936,000 845,678 - 8,781,678
Lynnhaven Apartments ^(2)^ NC 3,450,000 393,686 - 3,843,686
Silver Moon - Series A ^(4)^ NM 7,762,116 1,166,748 - 8,928,864
Village at Avalon - Series A ^(6)^ NM 16,302,038 3,131,843 - 19,433,881
Ohio Properties - Series A ^(1)^ OH 13,857,000 48,813 - 13,905,813
Bridle Ridge ^(1)^ SC 7,315,000 113,469 - 7,428,469
Columbia Gardens ^(5)^ SC 13,064,589 2,179,744 - 15,244,333
Companion at Thornhill Apartments ^(5)^ SC 11,178,557 1,709,040 - 12,887,597
Cross Creek ^(1)^ SC 6,143,976 2,507,072 - 8,651,048
Rosewood Townhomes - Series A ^(7)^ SC 9,280,000 316,916 - 9,596,916
South Pointe Apartments - Series A ^(7)^ SC 21,600,000 835,005 - 22,435,005
The Palms at Premier Park Apartments ^(3)^ SC 18,838,478 2,799,411 - 21,637,889
Village at River's Edge^(5)^ SC 9,872,297 2,236,259 - 12,108,556
Willow Run ^(5)^ SC 12,884,191 2,100,598 - 14,984,789
Arbors at Hickory Ridge ^(3)^ TN 11,056,825 1,934,146 - 12,990,971
Pro Nova 2014-1 ^(2), (8)^ TN 10,022,352 - (372,169 ) 9,650,183
Avistar at Copperfield - Series A ^(2)^ TX 13,945,681 2,356,231 - 16,301,912
Avistar at the Crest - Series A ^(3)^ TX 9,252,257 1,715,456 - 10,967,713
Avistar at the Oaks - Series A ^(3)^ TX 7,475,794 1,336,580 - 8,812,374
Avistar at the Parkway - Series A^(4)^ TX 12,854,039 2,065,468 - 14,919,507
Avistar at Wilcrest - Series A ^(2)^ TX 5,285,131 806,523 - 6,091,654
Avistar at Wood Hollow - Series A ^(2)^ TX 40,129,878 6,450,704 - 46,580,582
Avistar in 09 - Series A ^(3)^ TX 6,455,058 1,125,239 - 7,580,297
Avistar on the Boulevard - Series A^(3)^ TX 15,762,217 2,648,781 - 18,410,998
Avistar on the Hills - Series A ^(3)^ TX 5,118,097 938,032 - 6,056,129
Bruton Apartments ^(5)^ TX 17,807,768 3,534,702 - 21,342,470
Concord at Gulfgate - Series A ^(5)^ TX 18,975,786 3,572,995 - 22,548,781
Concord at Little York - Series A^(5)^ TX 13,293,436 2,624,054 - 15,917,490
Concord at Williamcrest - Series A^(5)^ TX 20,592,957 3,971,001 - 24,563,958
Crossing at 1415 - Series A^(5)^ TX 7,405,406 1,229,438 - 8,634,844
Decatur Angle ^(5)^ TX 22,455,747 4,198,200 - 26,653,947
Esperanza at Palo Alto ^(5)^ TX 19,356,959 4,111,518 - 23,468,477
Heights at 515 - Series A ^(5)^ TX 6,779,777 1,154,387 - 7,934,164
Heritage Square - Series A ^(4)^ TX 10,695,037 1,455,672 - 12,150,709
Oaks at Georgetown - Series A ^(5)^ TX 12,239,247 1,645,817 - 13,885,064
Runnymede ^(1)^ TX 9,925,000 80,343 - 10,005,343
Southpark ^(1)^ TX 11,548,337 2,334,262 - 13,882,599
15 West Apartments ^(5)^ WA 9,673,117 2,287,904 - 11,961,021
Mortgage revenue bonds held in trust $ 648,445,150 $ 95,795,445 $ (652,880 ) $ 743,587,715
^(1)^ MRBs owned by ATAX TEBS I, LLC (M24 TEBS), Note 15
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^(2)^ MRBs held by Deutsche Bank in a secured financing transaction, Note 15
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^(3)^ MRBs owned by ATAX TEBS II, LLC (M31 TEBS), Note 15
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^(4)^ MRBs owned by ATAX TEBS III, LLC (M33 TEBS), Note 15
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^(5)^ MRBs owned by ATAX TEBS IV, LLC (M45 TEBS), Note 15
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^(6)^ MRB held by Morgan Stanley in a secured financing transaction, see Note 15
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^(7)^ MRB held by Mizuho Capital Markets, LLC in a secured financing transaction, see Note 15
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^(8)^ As of the date presented, the MRB had been in a cumulative unrealized loss for less than 12 consecutive months.
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December 31, 2019
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Description of Mortgage Revenue Bonds held by the Partnership State Cost Adjusted for<br><br><br>Paydowns Cumulative<br><br><br>Unrealized Gain Cumulative<br><br><br>Unrealized Loss Estimated Fair Value
Montevista - Series A & B CA $ 13,200,000 $ 1,654,870 $ - $ 14,854,870
Solano Vista - Series A & B CA 5,768,000 625,235 - 6,393,235
Greens Property - Series B NC 930,016 142,265 - 1,072,281
Ohio Properties - Series B OH 3,504,171 10,363 - 3,514,534
Rosewood Townhomes - Series B SC 470,000 1,685 - 471,685
South Pointe Apartments - Series B SC 1,100,000 2,952 - 1,102,952
Avistar at the Crest - Series B TX 740,876 94,819 - 835,695
Avistar at the Oaks - Series B TX 542,170 65,455 - 607,625
Avistar at the Parkway - Series B TX 124,305 38,045 - 162,350
Avistar in 09 - Series B TX 447,241 53,995 - 501,236
Avistar on the Boulevard - Series B TX 440,231 53,056 - 493,287
Mortgage revenue bonds held by the Partnership $ 27,267,010 $ 2,742,740 $ - $ 30,009,750

See Note 22 for a description of the methodology and significant assumptions used in determining the fair value of the MRBs. Unrealized gains or losses on the MRBs are recorded in the Partnership’s condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) to reflect changes in their estimated fair values resulting from market conditions and fluctuations in the present value of the expected cash flows from the MRBs.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Partnership recognized a $1.4 million provision for credit loss related to the Pro Nova 2014-1 MRB in its condensed consolidated statements of operations. See Note 2 for information considered in the Partnership’s evaluation of other-than-temporary impairment and credit loss of the MRBs. The credit loss related to the Pro Nova 2014-1 MRB was primarily driven by debt service shortfalls by the underlying commercial property. The Partnership’s total allowance for credit loss on MRBs was $1.4 million and zero as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

The cumulative unrealized loss for the Live 929 Apartments MRB as of March 31, 2020, is due to recent operational results and a decline in debt service coverage. The Partnership has evaluated the operational results and loan-to-collateral value ratio for the property underlying this MRB and believes that the cumulative unrealized loss is temporary.

MRB Activity in the First Three Months of 2020

Acquisitions:

There were no MRBs acquired during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

Redemptions:

The following MRB was redeemed at a price that approximated the Partnership’s carrying value plus accrued interest during the three months ended March 31, 2020:

Property Name Month<br><br><br>Redeemed Property Location Units Original<br><br><br>Maturity Date Base Interest Rate Principal<br><br><br>Outstanding at Date<br><br><br>of Redemption
Solano Vista - Series B January Vallejo, CA 96 1/1/2021 5.85 % $ 3,103,000

MRB Activity in the First Three Months of 2019

Acquisitions:

The following MRBs were acquired during the three months ended March 31, 2019:

Property Name Month<br><br><br>Acquired Property Location Units Maturity Date Base Interest Rate Principal<br><br><br>Outstanding at Date<br><br><br>of Acquisition
Gateway Village February Durham, NC 64 4/1/2032 6.10 % $ 2,600,000
Lynnhaven Apartments February Durham, NC 75 4/1/2032 6.10 % 3,450,000
$ 6,050,000

Redemptions:

The following MRB was redeemed at a price that approximated the Partnership’s carrying value plus accrued interest during the three months ended March 31, 2019:

Property Name Month<br><br><br>Redeemed Property Location Units Original<br><br><br>Maturity Date Base Interest Rate Principal<br><br><br>Outstanding at Date<br><br><br>of Redemption
Seasons San Juan Capistrano - Series B January San Juan Capistrano, CA 112 1/1/2019 8.00 % $ 5,574,000
  1. Public Housing Capital Fund Trust (“PHC”) Certificates

The Partnership’s PHC Certificates represented beneficial interests in three PHC Trusts that consisted of custodial receipts evidencing loans made to numerous local public housing authorities.  Principal and interest on these loans were payable by the respective public housing authorities out of annual appropriations to be made to the public housing authorities under the Department of Housing and Urban Development’s (“HUD”) Capital Fund Program established under the Quality Housing and Work Responsibility Act of 1998 (the “Capital Fund Program”).

On January 30, 2020, the Partnership sold its PHC Certificates to an unrelated party for approximately $43.3 million, plus accrued interest, recognizing a gain on sale of securities of approximately $1.4 million.  The PHC Certificates were held in trust at Mizuho Capital Markets, LLC (“Mizuho”) in secured TOB Trust financing transactions, which upon sale, were collapsed and all principal and interest were paid off in full (see Note 15).

The Partnership had the following investments in the PHC Certificates as of December 31, 2019:

December 31, 2019
Description of PHC Certificates Weighted<br><br><br>Average Lives<br><br><br>(Years) Investment<br><br><br>Rating Weighted<br><br><br>Average Interest<br><br><br>Rate Over Life Cost Adjusted for<br><br><br>Paydowns and Impairment Cumulative<br><br><br>Unrealized Gain Cumulative<br><br><br>Unrealized Loss Estimated Fair<br><br><br>Value
PHC Certificate Trust I 5.47 AA- 5.33% $ 24,477,478 $ 435,659 $ - $ 24,913,137
PHC Certificate Trust II 4.58 AA- 4.41% 4,375,296 386,433 - 4,761,729
PHC Certificate Trust III 5.43 BBB 5.12% 13,087,779 586,712 - 13,674,491
$ 41,940,553 $ 1,408,804 $ - $ 43,349,357

See Note 22 for a description of the methodology and significant assumptions that were used for determining the fair value of the PHC Certificates. Unrealized gains or losses on the PHC Certificates were recorded in the Partnership’s condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income to reflect changes in their estimated fair values resulting from market conditions and fluctuations in the present value of the expected cash flows from the PHC Certificates.

  1. Real Estate Assets

The following tables summarize information regarding the Partnership’s real estate assets as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Real Estate Assets as of March 31, 2020
Property Name Location Number of<br><br><br>Units Land and Land<br><br><br>Improvements Buildings and<br><br><br>Improvements Carrying Value
Suites on Paseo San Diego, CA 384 $ 3,199,268 $ 39,113,918 $ 42,313,186
The 50/50 MF Property Lincoln, NE 475 - 32,938,822 32,938,822
Land held for development ^^ ^(1)^ 1,701,197 - 1,701,197
$ 76,953,205
Less accumulated depreciation (16,064,714 )
Total real estate assets $ 60,888,491
^(1)^ Land held for development consists of land and development costs for parcels in Gardner, KS; Richland County, SC and Omaha, NE.
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Real Estate Assets as of December 31, 2019
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Property Name Location Number of<br><br><br>Units Land and Land<br><br><br>Improvements Buildings and<br><br><br>Improvements Carrying Value
Suites on Paseo San Diego, CA 384 $ 3,199,268 $ 39,073,728 $ 42,272,996
The 50/50 MF Property Lincoln, NE 475 - 32,937,805 32,937,805
Land held for development ^^ ^(2)^ 1,706,862 - 1,706,862
$ 76,917,663
Less accumulated depreciation (15,357,700 )
Total real estate assets $ 61,559,963
^(2)^ Land held for development consists of land and development costs for parcels in Gardner, KS; Richland County, SC and Omaha, NE.
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Activity in the First Three Months of 2020

As of March 31, 2020, the land held for development in Gardner, KS was listed for sale.

  1. Investments in Unconsolidated Entities

ATAX Vantage Holdings, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Partnership, has equity investment commitments and has made equity investments in unconsolidated entities. The carrying value of the equity investments represents the Partnership’s maximum exposure to loss. ATAX Vantage Holdings, LLC is the only limited equity investor in the unconsolidated entities. An affiliate of the unconsolidated entities guarantees ATAX Vantage Holdings, LLC’s return on its investments for a period of time ranging from two to three years after construction completion. The return on these investments earned by the Partnership is reported as “Investment income” on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The following table provides the details of the investments in unconsolidated entities as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 and remaining equity commitment amounts as of March 31, 2020:

Property Name Location Units Month<br><br><br>Commitment<br><br><br>Executed Construction<br><br><br>Completion<br><br><br>Date Carrying Value as of March 31, 2020 Carrying Value as of December 31, 2019 Maximum<br><br><br>Remaining<br><br><br>Equity Commitment as of March 31, 2020
Vantage at Waco Waco, TX 288 August 2016 May 2018 $ 9,337,166 $ 9,337,166 $ 1,592,039
Vantage at Powdersville Powdersville, SC 288 November 2017 February 2020 12,295,801 12,295,801 -
Vantage at Stone Creek Omaha, NE 294 March 2018 N/A 7,840,500 7,840,500 -
Vantage at Bulverde Bulverde, TX 288 March 2018 August 2019 10,399,773 10,144,052 -
Vantage at Germantown Germantown, TN 288 June 2018 March 2020 12,041,237 11,745,155 -
Vantage at Murfreesboro Murfreesboro, TN 288 September 2018 N/A 13,857,159 13,516,425 -
Vantage at Coventry Omaha, NE 288 September 2018 N/A 9,007,435 9,007,435 -
Vantage at Conroe Conroe, TX 288 April 2019 N/A 9,657,930 8,078,519 -
Vantage at O'Connor San Antonio, TX 288 October 2019 N/A 7,652,449 5,016,811 -
Vantage at Westover Hills San Antonio, TX 288 January 2020 N/A 6,554,277 - 893,417
2,886 $ 98,643,727 $ 86,981,864 $ 2,485,456

Activity in the First Three Months of 2020

In January 2020, the Partnership executed a $7.3 million equity commitment to fund construction of the Vantage at Westover Hills multifamily property.

The following table provides combined summary financial information for the Partnership’s investments in unconsolidated entities for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:

For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2020 2019
Property Revenues $ 2,483,605 $ 2,717,268
Net loss $ (2,519,165 ) $ (117,063 )
  1. Property Loans, Net of Loan Loss Allowances

The following tables summarize the Partnership’s property loans, net of loan loss allowances, as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

March 31, 2020
Outstanding<br><br><br>Balance Loan Loss<br><br><br>Allowance Property Loan Principal,<br><br><br>net of allowance
Arbors at Hickory Ridge $ 191,264 $ - $ 191,264
Avistar (February 2013 portfolio) 201,972 - 201,972
Avistar (June 2013 portfolio) 251,622 - 251,622
Cross Creek 11,101,887 (7,393,814 ) 3,708,073
Greens Property 850,000 - 850,000
Live 929 Apartments 405,717 - 405,717
Ohio Properties 2,390,446 - 2,390,446
Total $ 15,392,908 $ (7,393,814 ) $ 7,999,094
December 31, 2019
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Outstanding<br><br><br>Balance Loan Loss<br><br><br>Allowance Property Loan Principal,<br><br><br>net of allowance
Arbors at Hickory Ridge $ 191,264 $ - $ 191,264
Avistar (February 2013 portfolio) 201,972 - 201,972
Avistar (June 2013 portfolio) 251,622 - 251,622
Cross Creek 11,101,887 (7,393,814 ) 3,708,073
Greens Property 850,000 - 850,000
Live 929 Apartments 405,717 - 405,717
Ohio Properties 2,390,446 - 2,390,446
Total $ 15,392,908 $ (7,393,814 ) $ 7,999,094

During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the interest to be earned on the Cross Creek property loans was in nonaccrual status.  The discounted cash flow method used by management to establish the net realizable value of these property loans determined the collection of the interest earned since inception was not probable.  In addition, for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, interest to be earned on approximately $983,000 of property loan principal for the Ohio Properties was in nonaccrual status as, in management’s opinion, the interest was not considered collectible. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the outstanding property loan balance for Live 929 was in nonaccrual status as, in management’s opinion, the interest was not considered collectible.

Activity in the First Three Months of 2019

In January 2019, the Vantage at Brooks property was sold by its owner. Upon sale, the Partnership received all outstanding principal and accrued interest on the Vantage at Brooks, LLC property loan. The Partnership received additional proceeds of approximately $3.0 million, which is reported within “Contingent interest income” on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated statements of operations. The contingent interest recognized is considered Tier 2 income for purposes of distributions to the General Partner and BUC holders (see Note 3).

  1. Income Tax Provision

The Partnership recognizes current income tax expense for federal, state, and local income taxes incurred by the Greens Hold Co, which owns The 50/50 MF Property and certain property loans. The following table summarizes income tax expense (benefit) for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:

For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2020 2019
Current income tax expense $ 42,335 $ 82,340
Deferred income tax benefit (30,921 ) (40,692 )
Total income tax expense $ 11,414 $ 41,648

The Partnership evaluated whether it is more likely than not that its deferred income tax assets will be realizable. There was no valuation allowance recorded as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

  1. Other Assets

The following table summarizes the other assets as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Deferred financing costs, net $ 319,014 $ 353,862
Fair value of derivative instruments (Note 17) 36,112 10,911
Taxable mortgage revenue bonds, at fair value 1,417,654 1,383,237
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net 1,665,257 1,673,242
Other assets 1,800,333 1,641,099
Total other assets $ 5,238,370 $ 5,062,351

As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the operating lease right-of-use assets consisted primarily of a ground lease at the 50/50 MF Property (see Note 13).

See Note 22 for a description of the methodology and significant assumptions for determining the fair value of derivative instruments and taxable MRBs. Unrealized gains or losses on these assets are recorded in the Partnership’s condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) to reflect changes in their estimated fair values resulting from market conditions and fluctuations in the present value of the expected cash flows from the assets.

  1. Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

The following table summarizes the accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Accounts payable $ 322,788 $ 93,834
Accrued expenses 1,917,172 2,529,982
Accrued interest expense 3,494,144 2,690,076
Operating lease liabilities 2,150,827 2,138,783
Other liabilities 1,580,189 1,583,492
Total accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities $ 9,465,120 $ 9,036,167

On January 1, 2019, the Partnership adopted the lease guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 842.  The Partnership adopted ASC 842 at the required adoption date of January 1, 2019, using the transition method that allowed the Partnership to initially apply ASC 842 as of January 1, 2019 and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of partners’ capital in the period of adoption. No changes have been made to the Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements dated prior to the effective date related to the adoption of ASC 842.

The 50/50 MF Property has a ground lease with the University of Nebraska-Lincoln with an initial lease term expiring in March 2048. The Partnership has an option to extend the lease for an additional five-year period, which has not been factored into the calculation of the ROU asset and lease liability.  Annual lease payments are $100 per year. The Partnership is also required to make monthly payments, when cash is available at The 50/50 MF Property, to the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Payment amounts are based on The 50/50 MF Property’s revenues, subject to an annual guaranteed minimum amount.  As of March 31, 2020, the minimum aggregate annual payment due under the agreement is approximately $132,000. The minimum aggregate annual payment increases 2% annually until July 31, 2034 and increases 3% annually thereafter.  The 50/50 MF Property will be required to make additional payments under the agreement if its gross revenues exceed certain thresholds.  The Partnership recognized expenses related to the ground lease of approximately $42,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 and are reported within “Real estate operating expenses” on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The following table summarizes future contractual payments for the Partnership’s operating leases and a reconciliation to the carrying value of operating lease liabilities as of March 31, 2020:

Remainder of 2020 $ 112,686
2021 136,366
2022 139,091
2023 141,871
2024 144,706
Thereafter 4,517,274
Total 5,191,994
Less:  Amount representing interest (3,041,167 )
Total operating lease liabilities $ 2,150,827
  1. Unsecured Lines of Credit

The following tables summarize the unsecured lines of credit (“LOC”) as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Unsecured Lines of Credit Outstanding as of March 31, 2020 Total<br><br><br>Commitment Commitment<br><br><br>Maturity Variable /<br><br><br>Fixed Reset<br><br><br>Frequency Period End<br><br><br>Rate
Bankers Trust non-operating $ 12,540,000 $ 50,000,000 June 2021 Variable ^(1)^ Monthly 3.86 %
Bankers Trust operating - 10,000,000 June 2021 Variable ^(1)^ Monthly 4.61 %
Total unsecured lines of credit $ 12,540,000 $ 60,000,000
^(1)^ The variable rate is indexed to LIBOR plus an applicable margin.
--- ---
Unsecured Lines of Credit Outstanding as of December 31, 2019 Total<br><br><br>Commitment Commitment<br><br><br>Maturity Variable /<br><br><br>Fixed Reset<br><br><br>Frequency Period End<br><br><br>Rate
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Bankers Trust non-operating $ 13,200,000 $ 50,000,000 June 2021 Variable ^(2)^ Monthly 4.19 %
Bankers Trust operating - 10,000,000 June 2021 Variable^(2)^ Monthly 4.94 %
Total unsecured lines of credit $ 13,200,000 $ 60,000,000
^(2)^ The variable rate is indexed to LIBOR plus an applicable margin.
--- ---

The principal amount of each acquisition advance is due on the 270th day following the advance date and may be extended for up to three additional 90-day periods by making partial repayments in accordance with the Credit Agreement. The outstanding balance of the non-operating LOC as of March 31, 2020 is due in June 2020, though the Partnership can extend final repayment of the amount due to December 2020 by making partial repayments. The Partnership was in compliance with all covenants in the Credit Agreement as of March 31, 2020.

The Partnership is required to make principal payments to reduce the operating LOC to zero for fifteen consecutive calendar days during each calendar quarter. The Partnership has fulfilled its prepayment obligation for all periods presented.   In addition, the Partnership has fulfilled its second quarter of 2020 repayment obligation as it maintained a zero balance in the operating LOC for fifteen consecutive days during April 2020.

15. Debt Financing

The following tables summarize the Partnership’s debt financings, net of deferred financing costs, as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Outstanding Debt<br><br><br>Financings as of March 31, 2020, net Restricted<br><br><br>Cash Year<br><br><br>Acquired Stated<br><br><br>Maturities Reset<br><br><br>Frequency SIFMA<br><br><br>Based Rates Facility Fees Period End<br><br><br>Rates
TEBS Financings
Fixed - M24 $ 40,388,799 $ 4,000 2010 May 2027 N/A N/A N/A 3.05%
Variable - M31 ^(1)^ 79,216,186 4,999 2014 July 2024 Weekly 4.25% 1.32% 5.57%
Fixed - M33 31,227,464 2,606 2015 September 2030 N/A N/A N/A 3.24%
Fixed - M45 ^(2)^ 217,168,730 5,000 2018 July 2034 N/A N/A N/A 3.82%
TOB & Term A/B Trusts<br><br><br>Securitization
Deutsche Bank:
Fixed - Term TOB ^(3)^ 8,010,000 - 2014 May 2020 N/A N/A N/A 4.01%
Fixed - Term A/B ^(3)^ 5,263,500 - 2019 February 2021 N/A N/A N/A 4.53%
Fixed - Term A/B ^(3)^ 38,194,706 - 2017 February 2027 N/A N/A N/A 4.46%
Mizuho Capital Markets:
Variable - TOB^(4)^ 25,714,955 - 2019 July 2020 Weekly 4.86% 1.17% 6.03%
Variable - TOB ^(5)^ 42,153,205 - 2019 August 2020 Weekly 3.45% - 4.86% 1.17% - 1.66% 4.62% - 6.52%
Morgan Stanley:
Fixed - Term TOB 13,047,884 - 2019 May 2022 N/A N/A N/A 3.53%
Total Debt Financings $ 500,385,429
^(1)^ Facility fees have a variable component.
--- ---
^(2)^ The M45 TEBS has an initial interest rate of 3.82% through July 31, 2023. From August 1, 2023 through the stated maturity date, the interest rate is 4.39%. These rates are inclusive of credit enhancement fees payable to Freddie Mac.
--- ---
^(3)^ In April 2020, these debt financings were terminated. See Note 24 for additional information.
--- ---
^(4)^ In April 2020, the stated maturity of the TOB Trusts were extended to June 2021. See Note 24.
--- ---
^(5)^ In April 2020, the stated maturity of the TOB Trusts were extended to July 2021. See Note 24.
--- ---
Outstanding Debt<br><br><br>Financings as of<br><br><br>December 31, 2019, net Restricted<br><br><br>Cash Year<br><br><br>Acquired Stated Maturities Reset<br><br><br>Frequency SIFMA<br><br><br>Based Rates Facility Fees Period End<br><br><br>Rates
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
TEBS Financings
Fixed - M24 $ 40,495,442 $ 204,000 2010 May 2027 N/A N/A N/A 3.05%
Variable - M31^(1)^ 79,505,180 4,999 2014 July 2024 Weekly 1.64% 1.54% 3.18%
Fixed - M33 31,367,147 2,606 2015 September 2030 N/A N/A N/A 3.24%
Fixed - M45 ^(2)^ 217,603,233 5,000 2018 July 2034 N/A N/A N/A 3.82%
TOB & Term A/B Trusts<br><br><br>Securitization
Deutsche Bank:
Fixed - Term TOB 8,010,000 - 2014 January 2020 N/A N/A N/A 4.01%
Fixed - Term A/B 5,260,756 - 2019 February 2020 N/A N/A N/A 4.53%
Fixed - Term A/B 38,300,456 - 2017 February 2027 N/A N/A N/A 4.46%
Mizuho Capital Markets:
Variable - TOB 25,680,070 - 2019 July 2020 Weekly 1.79% 1.17% 2.96%
Variable - TOB 42,207,784 - 2019 August 2020 Weekly 1.79% 1.17% - 1.66% 2.96% - 3.45%
Variable - TOB 34,703,935 - 2019 September 2020 Weekly 2.08% 1.12% 3.20%
Morgan Stanley:
Fixed - Term TOB 13,063,418 - 2019 May 2022 N/A N/A N/A 3.53%
Total Debt Financings $ 536,197,421
^(1)^ Facility fees have a variable component.
--- ---
^(2)^ The M45 TEBS has an initial interest rate of 3.82% through July 31, 2023. From August 1, 2023 through the stated maturity date, the interest rate is 4.39%. These rates are inclusive of credit enhancement fees payable to Freddie Mac.
--- ---

The TOB, Term TOB, Term A/B and TEBS Financing arrangements are consolidated VIE’s to the Partnership (Note 5). The Partnership is the primary beneficiary due to its rights to the underlying assets. Accordingly, the Partnership consolidates the TOB, Term TOB, Term A/B and TEBS Financings in the Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements. See Note 6 for information regarding the MRBs securitized within each TOB, Term TOB, Term A/B and TEBS Financing. As the residual interest holder, the Partnership may be required to make certain payments or contribute certain assets to the VIEs if certain events occur. Such events include, but are not limited to, a downgrade in the investment rating of the senior securities issued by the VIEs, a ratings downgrade of the liquidity provider for the VIEs, increases in short term interest rates beyond pre-set maximums, an inability to re-market the senior securities or an inability to obtain liquidity for the senior securities. If such an event occurs in an individual VIE, the underlying collateral may be sold and, if the proceeds are not sufficient to pay the principal amount of the senior securities plus accrued interest and other trust expenses, the Partnership will be required to fund any such shortfall. If the Partnership does not fund the shortfall, the default and liquidation provisions will be invoked against the Partnership. The Partnership has never been, and does not expect in the future, to be required to reimburse the VIEs for any shortfall.

As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Partnership posted restricted cash as contractually required under the terms of the four TEBS Financings. The Partnership may also be required to post collateral, typically in cash, related to the TOB Trusts with Mizuho. The amount of collateral posting required is dependent on the valuation of the underlying MRBs in relation to thresholds set by Mizuho. There was no requirement to post collateral for the TOB Trusts with Mizuho as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

The Partnership has entered in interest rate cap agreements to mitigate its exposure to interest rate fluctuations on the variable-rate M31 TEBS Financing and other variable rate TOB Trust financings (Note 17).

The Partnership has entered into a Master Trust Agreement with Deutsche Bank that contains liquidity, leverage and debt service coverage covenants with which the Partnership was required to comply. The Partnership was in compliance with these covenants as of March 31, 2020. In April 2020, the Master Trust Agreement was terminated. See Note 24 for additional information.

The Partnership has entered into various TOB Trust financings with Mizuho secured by MRBs. The Mizuho TOB Trusts require that the Partnership’s residual interest in the TOB Trusts maintain a certain value in relation to the total assets in each Trust.  In addition, the Master Trust Agreement with Mizuho requires the Partnership’s partners’ capital, as defined, to maintain a certain threshold and that it remains listed on the NASDAQ.  If the Partnership is not in compliance with any of these covenants, a termination event of the financing facility would be triggered, which would require the Partnership to purchase a portion or all of the senior interests issued by each TOB Trust.  The Partnership was in compliance with these covenants as of March 31, 2020.

The Term TOB Trust with Morgan Stanley is subject to a Trust Agreement and other related agreements that contain covenants with which the Partnership or the underlying MRB are required to comply.  The underlying property must maintain certain occupancy and debt service covenants. A termination event will occur if the Partnership’s net assets, as defined, decrease by 25% in one quarter or 35% over one year. If the underlying property or the Partnership, as applicable, is out of compliance with any of these covenants, a termination event of the financing facility would be triggered which would require the Partnership to purchase a portion or all of the Class A Certificates held by Morgan Stanley.  The Partnership was in compliance with these covenants as of March 31, 2020.

The Partnership’s variable rate debt financing arrangements include maximum interest rate provisions that prevent the debt service on the debt financings from exceeding the cash flows from the underlying securitized asset.

Activity in the First Three Months of 2020

In January 2020, the Partnership extended the maturity date of the Term TOB Trust financing related to Pro Nova 2014-1 from January 2020 to May 2020.  See Note 24 for additional information.

In January 2020, the variable rate TOB Trust financings associated with the PHC Certificates were collapsed and all principal and interest were paid in full in conjunction with the Partnership’s sale of the PHC Certificates to an unrelated party (see Note 7).

In February 2020, the Partnership extended the maturity dates of the Term A/B Trust financings related to Gateway Village and Lynnhaven Apartments from February 2020 to February 2021.

Activity in the First Three Months of 2019

In February 2019, the Partnership entered into two Term A/B Trusts financings secured by MRBs.  The following table summarizes the gross principal and terms of the Term A/B Trusts:

Term A/B Trusts Securitization Outstanding Term A/B<br><br><br>Trust Financing Stated Maturity Fixed Interest<br><br><br>Rate
Gateway Village $ 2,262,000 February 2020 4.53 %
Lynnhaven Apartments 3,001,500 February 2020 4.53 %
Total Term A/B Trust Financing $ 5,263,500

Future Maturities

The Partnership’s contractual maturities of borrowings as of March 31, 2020 for the twelve-month periods ending December 31^st^ for the next five years and thereafter are as follows:

Remainder of 2020 $ 79,840,784
2021 10,590,361
2022 18,496,986
2023 5,896,946
2024 15,472,867
Thereafter 372,276,818
Total 502,574,762
Unamortized deferred financing costs and debt premium (2,189,333 )
Total debt financing, net $ 500,385,429

As of March 31, 2020, certain Term TOB Trusts and Term A/B Trusts mature in the next twelve months. The Term TOB Trust related to the Pro Nova 2014-1 MRB was terminated and repaid in full in April 2020. The Term A/B Trusts were terminated and replacement debt financings were closed with Mizuho in April 2020. In addition, the Partnership extended the maturity dates for its existing TOB Trusts in April 2020. See Note 24 for additional information.

  1. Mortgages Payable and Other Secured Financing

The following tables summarize the Partnership’s mortgages payable and other secured financing, net of deferred financing costs, as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

MF Property Mortgage Payables Outstanding Mortgage<br><br><br>Payable as of<br><br><br>March 31, 2020, net Year<br><br><br>Acquired<br><br><br>or<br><br><br>Refinanced Stated Maturity Variable<br><br><br>/ Fixed Period End<br><br><br>Rate
The 50/50 MF Property--TIF Loan $ 2,858,201 2020 March 2025 Fixed 4.40 %
The 50/50 MF Property--Mortgage 23,831,791 2020 April 2027 Fixed 4.35 %
Total Mortgage Payable\Weighted<br><br><br>Average Period End Rate $ 26,689,992 4.36 %
MF Property Mortgage Payables Outstanding Mortgage<br><br><br>Payable as of<br><br><br>December 31, 2019, net Year<br><br><br>Acquired<br><br><br>or<br><br><br>Refinanced Stated Maturity Variable<br><br><br>/ Fixed Reset<br><br><br>Frequency Variable<br><br><br>Based Rate Period End<br><br><br>Rate
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
The 50/50 MF Property--TIF Loan $ 2,859,390 2014 March 2020 Fixed N/A N/A 4.65 %
The 50/50 MF Property--Mortgage 23,942,856 2013 March 2020 Variable Monthly 4.75 % ^(1)^ 4.75 %
Total Mortgage Payable\Weighted<br><br><br>Average Period End Rate $ 26,802,246 4.74 %
^(^^1^^)^ Variable rate is based on the Wall Street Journal Prime Rate, but not to exceed 5.0%.
--- ---

Activity in the First Three Months of 2020

In February 2020, the Partnership refinanced The 50/50 MF Property Mortgage loan with its existing lender.  The Mortgage loan maturity date was extended seven years to April 2027, and the interest rate decreased to a fixed interest rate of 4.35%.

In February 2020, the Partnership refinanced The 50/50 MF Property TIF loan with its existing lender. The TIF loan maturity date was extended by five years to March 2025, and the interest rate decreased to 4.40%.

Future Maturities

The Partnership’s contractual maturities of borrowings as of March 31, 2020 for the twelve-month periods ending December 31^st^ for the next five years and thereafter are as follows:

Remainder of 2020 $ 657,117
2021 818,425
2022 855,101
2023 893,421
2024 930,740
Thereafter 22,537,088
Total 26,691,892
Unamortized deferred financing costs (1,900 )
Total mortgages payable and other secured financings, net $ 26,689,992

17. Interest Rate Derivatives

The following tables summarize the Partnership’s interest rate derivatives as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Purchase Date Notional Amount Maturity Date Effective<br><br><br>Capped<br><br><br>Rate ^(1)^ Index Variable Debt<br><br><br>Financing Facility<br><br><br>Hedged ^(1)^ Counterparty Fair Value as of March 31, 2020
July 2015 26,949,233 Aug 2020 3.0 % SIFMA TOB Trusts Wells Fargo Bank $ -
July 2015 26,949,233 Aug 2020 3.0 % SIFMA TOB Trusts Royal Bank of Canada -
July 2015 26,949,233 Aug 2020 3.0 % SIFMA TOB Trusts SMBC Capital Markets, Inc -
June 2017 80,847,700 Aug 2020 1.5 % SIFMA TOB Trusts Barclays Bank PLC -
Sept 2017 57,918,000 Sept 2020 4.0 % SIFMA TOB Trusts Barclays Bank PLC -
Aug 2019 79,014,909 Aug 2024 4.5 % SIFMA M31 TEBS Barclays Bank PLC 36,112
$ 36,112
^(1)^ See Note 22 for additional details.
--- ---
Purchase Date Notional Amount Maturity<br><br><br>Date Effective<br><br><br>Capped<br><br><br>Rate ^(2)^ Index Variable Debt<br><br><br>Financing Facility<br><br><br>Hedged ^(2)^ Counterparty Fair Value as of December 31, 2019
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
July 2015 27,033,788 Aug 2020 3.0 % SIFMA TOB Trusts Wells Fargo Bank $ -
July 2015 27,033,788 Aug 2020 3.0 % SIFMA TOB Trusts Royal Bank of Canada -
July 2015 27,033,788 Aug 2020 3.0 % SIFMA TOB Trusts SMBC Capital Markets, Inc -
June 2017 81,101,364 Aug 2020 1.5 % SIFMA TOB Trusts Barclays Bank PLC 4,090
Sept 2017 58,090,000 Sept 2020 4.0 % SIFMA TOB Trusts Barclays Bank PLC -
Aug 2019 79,333,280 Aug 2024 4.5 % SIFMA M31 TEBS Barclays Bank PLC 6,821
$ 10,911
^(2)^ See Note 22 for additional details.
--- ---

The Partnership’s interest rate derivatives are not designated as hedging instruments and are recorded at fair value. Changes in fair value are included in current period earnings as “Interest expense” on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated statements of operations. See Note 22 for a description of the methodology and significant assumptions for determining the fair value of the interest rate derivatives. The interest rate derivatives are presented within “Other assets” on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.

  1. Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings

The Partnership, from time to time, may be subject to various legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. These matters are frequently covered by insurance. If it has been determined that a loss is probable to occur, the estimated amount of the loss is accrued in the Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements. While the resolution of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, the Partnership believes the outcome of such matters will not have a material effect on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

Investment Commitments

ATAX Vantage Holdings, LLC has outstanding commitments to contribute equity to unconsolidated entities. See Note 9 for additional information.

Construction Loan Guarantees

The Partnership entered into guaranty agreements for construction loans related to certain investments in unconsolidated entities. The Partnership will only have to perform on the guarantees if a default by the borrower were to occur.  All guarantees were initially for the entire amount of the construction loans and decrease based on the achievement of certain events or financial ratios, as defined by the respective construction loan agreement.  The Partnership has not accrued any amount for these contingent liabilities because the likelihood of guarantee claims is remote. The following table summarizes the Partnership’s maximum exposure under these guarantee agreements as of March 31, 2020:

Borrower Year the Guarantee<br><br><br>was Executed Maximum Balance<br><br><br>Available on<br><br><br>Construction Loan Construction Loan<br><br><br>Balance as of March 31, 2020 Partnership's Maximum Exposure<br><br><br>as of March 31, 2020 Guarantee<br><br><br>Terms
Vantage at Stone Creek 2018 $ 30,824,000 $ 28,264,790 $ 14,132,395 (1)
Vantage at Coventry 2018 31,500,000 18,169,459 18,169,459 (1)
(1) The Partnership’s maximum exposure will decrease to 50% of the construction loan balance upon receipt of the certificate of occupancy and to 25% of the construction loan balance when certain debt service coverage levels are achieved by the borrower.
--- ---

Other Guarantees and Commitments

The Partnership has entered into guarantee agreements with unaffiliated entities under which the Partnership has guaranteed certain obligations of the general partners of certain limited partnerships upon the occurrence of a “repurchase event.” Potential repurchase events include LIHTC tax credit recapture and foreclosure. The Partnership’s maximum exposure is limited to 75% of the equity contributed by the limited partner to each limited partnership. No amount has been accrued for these guarantees because the likelihood of repurchase events is remote. The following table summarizes the Partnership’s maximum exposure under these guarantee agreements as of March 31, 2020:

Limited Partnership(s) Year the Guarantee<br><br><br>was Executed End of Guarantee<br><br><br>Period Partnership's<br><br><br>Maximum Exposure<br><br><br>as of March 31, 2020
Ohio Properties 2011 2026 $ 3,361,979
Greens of Pine Glen, LP 2012 2027 2,237,843

19. Redeemable Series A Preferred Units

The Partnership has issued non-cumulative, non-voting, non-convertible Series A Preferred Units via a private placement to five financial institutions. The Series A Preferred Units represent limited partnership interests of the Partnership.  The Series A Preferred Units have no stated maturity, are not subject to any sinking fund requirements, and will remain outstanding indefinitely unless redeemed by the Partnership or by the holder. Upon the sixth anniversary of the closing of the sale of Series A Preferred Units to a subscriber, and upon each annual anniversary thereafter, the Partnership and each holder of Series A Preferred Units have the right to redeem, in whole or in part, the Series A Preferred Units held by such holder at a per unit redemption price equal to $10.00 per unit plus an amount equal to all declared and unpaid distributions through the date of the redemption.

In the event of any liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the Partnership, the holders of the Series A Preferred Units are entitled to a liquidation preference in connection with their investments.  With respect to anticipated quarterly distributions and rights upon liquidation, dissolution, or the winding-up of the Partnership’s affairs, the Series A Preferred Units will rank: (a) senior to the Partnership’s BUCs and to any other class or series of Partnership interests or securities expressly designated as ranking junior to the Series A Preferred Units; (b) junior to all of the Partnership’s existing indebtedness (including indebtedness outstanding under the Partnership’s senior bank credit facility) and other liabilities with respect to assets available to satisfy claims against the Partnership; and (c) junior to any other class or series of Partnership interests or securities expressly designated as ranking senior to the Series A Preferred Units.

The following table summarizes the outstanding Series A Preferred Units as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Month Issued Units Purchase Price Distribution<br><br><br>Rate Redemption<br><br><br>Price per Unit Earliest Redemption<br><br><br>Date
March 2016 1,000,000 $ 10,000,000 3.00 % $ 10.00 March 2022
May 2016 1,386,900 13,869,000 3.00 % 10.00 May 2022
September 2016 1,000,000 10,000,000 3.00 % 10.00 September 2022
December 2016 700,000 7,000,000 3.00 % 10.00 December 2022
March 2017 1,613,100 16,131,000 3.00 % 10.00 March 2023
August 2017 2,000,000 20,000,000 3.00 % 10.00 August 2023
October 2017 1,750,000 17,500,000 3.00 % 10.00 October 2023
Series A Preferred Units outstanding<br><br><br>as of March 31, 2020 and<br><br><br>December 31, 2019 9,450,000 $ 94,500,000
  1. Restricted Unit Awards

The Partnership’s 2015 Plan permits the grant of RUAs and other awards to the employees of Greystone Manager, the Partnership, or any affiliate of either, and members of the Board of Managers of Greystone Manager for up to 3.0 million BUCs. RUAs have historically been granted with vesting conditions ranging from three months to up to three years. Unvested RUAs are typically entitled to receive distributions during the restriction period. The Plan provides for accelerated vesting of the RUAs if there is a change in control related to the Partnership, the General Partner, or the general partner of the General Partner, or upon death or disability of the Plan participant.

The fair value of each RUA is estimated on the grant date based on the Partnership’s exchange-listed closing price of the BUCs. The Partnership recognizes compensation expense for the RUAs on a straight-line basis over the requisite vesting period. The compensation expense for RUAs totaled approximately $39,000 and $184,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Compensation expense is reported within “General and administrative expenses” on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The following table summarizes the RUA activity as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and the year ended December 31, 2019:

Restricted Units<br><br><br>Awarded Weighted-average<br><br><br>Grant-date<br><br><br>Fair Value
Nonvested as of January 1, 2019 265,290 $ 6.14
Granted 353,197 7.74
Vested (618,487 ) 7.05
Nonvested as of December 31, 2019 - $ -
Granted 290,000 4.98
Nonvested as of March 31, 2020 290,000 $ 4.98

The unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested RUAs granted under the Plan was $1.4 million as of March 31, 2020. The remaining compensation expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.6 years.  The total intrinsic value of unvested RUAs was approximately $1.5 million as of March 31, 2020.

  1. Transactions with Related Parties

Effective September 10, 2019, Greystone acquired all the issued and outstanding partnership interests of AFCA 2 from Burlington Capital LLC and an affiliate, at which time Burlington Capital LLC and its affiliates (collectively, “Burlington”) ceased to be related parties of the Partnership.

The Partnership incurs costs for services and makes contractual payments to AFCA 2, AFCA 2’s general partner, and their affiliates. The costs are reported either as expenses or capitalized costs depending on the nature of each item. The following table summarizes transactions with related parties that are reflected in the Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:

For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2020 2019
Partnership administrative fees paid to AFCA 2 ^(1)^ $ 865,000 $ 898,000
Property management fees paid to an affiliate ^(2)^ - 35,000
Reimbursable franchise margin taxes incurred on behalf of<br><br><br>unconsolidated entities ^(3)^ 8,000 16,000
(1) AFCA 2 is entitled to receive an administrative fee from the Partnership equal to 0.45% per annum of the outstanding principal balance of any of its MRBs, property loans collateralized by real property, and other investments for which the owner of the financed property or other third party is not obligated to pay such administrative fee directly to AFCA 2. The disclosed amounts represent administrative fees paid or accrued during the periods specified and are reported within “General and administrative expenses” on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.
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(2) A former affiliate of AFCA 2, Burlington Capital Properties, LLC (“Properties Management”), provides property management, administrative and marketing services for the MF Properties (excluding Suites on Paseo). The property management fees are reported within “Real estate operating expenses” on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.
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(3) The Partnership pays franchise margin taxes on revenues in Texas related to its investments in unconsolidated entities. Such taxes are paid by the Partnership as the unconsolidated entities are required by tax regulations to be included in the Partnership’s group tax return. Since the Partnership is reimbursed for the franchise margin taxes paid on behalf of the unconsolidated entities, these taxes are not reported on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.
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AFCA 2 receives fees from the borrowers of the Partnership’s MRBs for services provided to the borrower and based on the occurrence of certain investment transactions. These fees were paid by the borrowers and are not reported on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements. The following table summarizes transactions between borrowers of the Partnership’s MRBs and affiliates for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:

For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2020 2019
Non-Partnership property administrative fees received by AFCA 2 ^(1)^ $ 9,000 $ 9,000
Investment/mortgage placement fees received by AFCA 2 ^(2)^ 542,000 91,000
(1) AFCA 2 received administrative fees directly from the owners of certain properties financed by certain MRBs held by the Partnership.  These administrative fees equal 0.45% per annum of the outstanding principal balance of the MRBs. These amounts represent administrative fees received by AFCA 2 during the periods specified.
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(2) AFCA 2 received placement fees in connection with the acquisition of certain MRBs and investments in unconsolidated entities.
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Properties Management provides services to seven of the properties collateralizing MRBs of the Partnership. In addition, Properties Management provides services to one of our investments in unconsolidated entities. These property management fees are paid out of the revenues generated by the respective property prior to the payment of debt service on the Partnership's MRBs and property loans, as applicable, and the construction loan for the unconsolidated entity.

The Partnership reported receivables due from unconsolidated entities of approximately $125,000 and $116,000 as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. These amounts are reported within “Other assets” on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Partnership had outstanding liabilities due to related parties totaling approximately $347,000 and $301,000 as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. These amounts are reported within “Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities” on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.

22. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Current accounting guidance on fair value measurements establishes a framework for measuring fair value and provides for expanded disclosures about fair value measurements.  The guidance:

• Defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date; and
• Establishes a three-level hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability on the measurement date.
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Inputs refer broadly to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk.  To increase consistency and comparability in fair value measurements and related disclosures, the fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels.  The three levels of the hierarchy are defined as follows:

• Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
• Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.
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• Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for asset or liabilities.
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The categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for the Partnership’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value.

Investments in MRBs and Taxable MRBs

The fair value of the Partnership’s investments in MRBs and taxable MRBs, as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, is based upon prices obtained from a third-party pricing service, which are estimates of market prices. There is no active trading market for the MRBs, and price quotes for the MRBs are not available. The valuation methodology of the Partnership’s third-party pricing service incorporates commonly used market pricing methods. It considers the underlying characteristics of each MRB as well as other quantitative and qualitative characteristics including, but not limited to, market interest rates, illiquidity, legal structure of the borrower, collateral, seniority to other obligations, operating results of the underlying property, geographic location, and property quality. These characteristics are used to estimate an effective yield for each MRB. The MRB fair value is estimated using a discounted cash flow and yield to maturity or call analysis by applying the effective yield to contractual cash flows. Significant increases (decreases) in the effective yield would have resulted in a significantly lower (higher) fair value estimate. Changes in fair value due to an increase or decrease in the effective yield do not impact the Partnership’s cash flows.

The Partnership evaluates pricing data received from the third-party pricing service by evaluating consistency with information from either the third-party pricing service or public sources. The fair value estimates of the MRBs and taxable MRBs are based largely on unobservable inputs believed to be used by market participants and requires the use of judgment on the part of the third-party pricing service and the Partnership. Due to the judgments involved, the fair value measurements of the Partnership’s investments in MRBs and taxable MRBs are categorized as a Level 3 input. As of March 31, 2020, the range of effective yields on the individual MRBs was 2.8% to 7.9% per annum, with a weighted average effective yield of 3.9% when weighted by the total principal outstanding of all MRBs as of the reporting date; and the range of effective yields on the individual taxable MRBs was 8.4% to 8.5% per annum, with a weighted average effective yield of 8.4% when weighted by the total principal outstanding of all taxable MRBs as of the reporting date.  As of December 31, 2019, the range of effective yields on the individual MRBs was 2.4 % to 8.5% per annum, with a weighted average effective yield of 3.8% when weighted by the total principal outstanding of all MRBs as of the reporting date; and the range of effective yields on the individual taxable MRBs was 8.7 % to 8.9% per annum, with a weighted average effective yield of 8.8% when weighted by the total principal outstanding of all taxable MRBs as of the reporting date.

Investments in PHC Certificates

The Partnership sold its investments in the PHC Certificates in January 2020. The fair value of the Partnership’s investment in PHC Certificates as of December 31, 2019 was based upon prices obtained from a third-party pricing service, which were estimates of market prices. There was no active trading market for the PHC Certificates owned by the Partnership. The valuation methodology of the Partnership’s third-party pricing service incorporated commonly used market pricing methods. It considered the underlying characteristics of each PHC Certificate as well as other quantitative and qualitative characteristics including, but not limited to, market interest rates, illiquidity, security ratings from rating agencies, the impact of potential political and regulatory change, and other inputs.

The Partnership reviewed the inputs used by the primary third-party pricing service by reviewing source information and reviewed the methodology for reasonableness. The Partnership also engaged a second third-party pricing service to confirm the values developed by the primary third-party pricing service. The valuation methodologies used by the third-party pricing services encompassed the use of judgment in their application. Due to the judgments involved, the fair value measurement of the Partnership’s investment in PHC Certificates was categorized as a Level 3 input. As of December 31, 2019, the range of effective yields on the PHC Certificates was 4.4% to 5.3% per annum, with a weighted average effective yield of 5.2% when weighted by the principal outstanding of all PHC Certificates as of the reporting date.

Interest Rate Derivatives

The effect of the Partnership’s interest rate derivatives is to set a cap, or upper limit, subject to performance of the counterparty, on the base rate of interest paid on the Partnership’s variable rate debt financings equal to the notional amount of the derivative agreement.   The effect of the Partnership’s interest rate swaps is to change a variable-rate debt obligation to a fixed rate for that portion of the debt equal to the notional amount of the derivative agreement.  The fair value of the interest rate derivatives is based on a model whose inputs are not observable and therefore is categorized as a Level 3 input.  The inputs in the valuation model include three-month LIBOR rates, unobservable adjustments to account for the SIFMA index, as well as any recent interest rate cap trades with similar terms.

Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2020 are summarized as follows:

Fair Value Measurements as of March 31, 2020
Description Assets at<br><br><br>Fair Value Quoted Prices in<br><br><br>Active Markets for<br><br><br>Identical Assets<br><br><br>(Level 1) Significant Other<br><br><br>Observable Inputs<br><br><br>(Level 2) Significant<br><br><br>Unobservable<br><br><br>Inputs<br><br><br>(Level 3)
Assets
Mortgage revenue bonds, held in trust $ 734,245,836 $ - $ - $ 734,245,836
Mortgage revenue bonds 26,836,439 - - 26,836,439
Taxable mortgage revenue bonds (reported within other assets) 1,417,654 - - 1,417,654
Derivative instruments (reported within other assets) 36,112 - - 36,112
Total Assets at Fair Value, net $ 762,536,041 $ - $ - $ 762,536,041

The following table summarizes the activity related to Level 3 assets for the three months ended March 31, 2020:

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant
Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Mortgage<br><br><br>Revenue<br><br><br>Bonds^^^(1)^ PHC<br><br><br>Certificates Taxable<br><br><br>Mortgage<br><br><br>Revenue<br><br><br>Bonds Interest Rate<br><br><br>Derivatives Total
Beginning Balance January 1, 2020 $ 773,597,465 $ 43,349,357 $ 1,383,237 $ 10,911 $ 818,340,970
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized)
Included in earnings (interest income and<br><br><br>interest expense) 35,142 (7,219 ) - 25,201 53,124
Included in earnings (impairment of<br><br><br>securities and provision for credit loss) (1,357,681 ) - - - (1,357,681 )
Included in earnings (gain on sale of<br><br><br>securities) - 1,416,023 - - 1,416,023
Included in other comprehensive (loss)<br><br><br>income (6,722,122 ) (1,408,804 ) 36,555 - (8,094,371 )
Sale of securities - (43,349,357 ) - - (43,349,357 )
Settlements (4,470,529 ) - (2,138 ) - (4,472,667 )
Ending Balance March 31, 2020 $ 761,082,275 $ - $ 1,417,654 $ 36,112 $ 762,536,041
Total amount of gains (losses) for the period<br><br><br>included in earnings attributable to<br><br><br>the change in unrealized gains<br><br><br>(losses) relating to assets or liabilities<br><br><br>held on March 31, 2020 $ (1,357,681 ) $ - $ - $ 25,201 $ (1,332,480 )
^(1)^ Mortgage revenue bonds includes both bonds held in trust as well as those held by the Partnership.
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Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2019 are summarized as follows:

Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2019
Description Assets<br><br><br>at Fair Value Quoted Prices in<br><br><br>Active Markets for<br><br><br>Identical Assets<br><br><br>(Level 1) Significant Other<br><br><br>Observable Inputs<br><br><br>(Level 2) Significant<br><br><br>Unobservable Inputs<br><br><br>(Level 3)
Assets
Mortgage revenue bonds, held in trust $ 743,587,715 $ - $ - $ 743,587,715
Mortgage revenue bonds 30,009,750 - - 30,009,750
PHC Certificates 43,349,357 - - 43,349,357
Taxable mortgage revenue bonds (reported within other assets) 1,383,237 - - 1,383,237
Derivative instruments (reported within other assets) 10,911 - - 10,911
Total Assets at Fair Value, net $ 818,340,970 $ - $ - $ 818,340,970

The following table summarizes the activity related to Level 3 assets and liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2019:

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant
Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Mortgage<br><br><br>Revenue Bonds ^(1)^ PHC Certificates Taxable Bonds Interest Rate<br><br><br>Derivatives Total
Beginning Balance January 1, 2019 $ 732,153,435 $ 48,672,086 $ 1,409,895 $ 626,633 $ 782,862,049
Total gains (losses)<br><br><br>(realized/unrealized)
Included in earnings (interest<br><br><br>income and interest expense) 35,730 16,726 - (306,591 ) (254,135 )
Included in other<br><br><br>comprehensive (loss) income 7,639,913 485,222 18,792 - 8,143,927
Purchases 6,050,000 - - - 6,050,000
Settlements (6,831,237 ) (2,767,166 ) (1,954 ) (46,536 ) (9,646,893 )
Ending Balance March 31, 2019 $ 739,047,841 $ 46,406,868 $ 1,426,733 $ 273,506 $ 787,154,948
Total amount of gains (losses) for the period<br><br><br>included in earnings attributable to<br><br><br>the change in unrealized gains<br><br><br>(losses) relating to assets or liabilities<br><br><br>held on March 31, 2019 $ - $ - $ - $ (306,591 ) $ (306,591 )
^(1)^ Mortgage revenue bonds includes both bonds held in trust as well as those held by the Partnership.
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Total gains and loss included in earnings for the interest rate derivatives are reported within “Interest expense” on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.

As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Partnership utilized a third-party pricing service to determine the fair value of the Partnership’s financial liabilities, which are estimates of market prices. The valuation methodology of the Partnership’s third-party pricing service incorporates commonly used market pricing methods. It considers the underlying characteristics of each financial liability as well as other quantitative and qualitative characteristics including, but not limited to, market interest rates, legal structure, seniority to other obligations, operating results of the underlying assets, and asset quality. The financial liability values are then estimated using a discounted cash flow and yield to maturity or call analysis.

The Partnership evaluates pricing data received from the third-party pricing service, including consideration of current market interest rates, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the underlying collateral, and other information from either the third-party pricing service or public sources. The fair value estimates of these financial liabilities are based largely on unobservable inputs believed to be used by market participants and require the use of judgment on the part of the third-party pricing service and the Partnership. Due to the judgments involved, the fair value measurements of the Partnership’s financial liabilities are categorized as a Level 3 input. The TEBS Financings are credit enhanced by Freddie Mac. The TOB Trust financings are credit enhanced by either Deutsche Bank or Mizuho. The table below summarizes the fair value of the Partnership’s financial liabilities as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Carrying Amount Fair Value Carrying Amount Fair Value
Financial Liabilities:
Debt financing and lines of credit $ 512,925,429 $ 529,632,997 $ 549,397,421 $ 568,193,494
Mortgages payable and other secured financing 26,689,992 26,691,893 26,802,246 26,812,851
  1. Segments

The Partnership has four reportable segments - Mortgage Revenue Bond Investments, MF Properties, Public Housing Capital Fund Trusts, and Other Investments.  The Partnership separately reports its consolidation and elimination information because it does not allocate certain items to the segments.

The Partnership Agreement authorizes the Partnership to make investments in tax-exempt securities other than MRBs provided that the tax-exempt investments are rated in one of the four highest rating categories by a national securities rating agency. The Partnership Agreement also allows the Partnership to invest in other securities whose interest may be taxable for federal income tax purposes. Total tax-exempt and other investments cannot exceed 25% of the Partnership’s total assets at the time of acquisition as required under the Partnership Agreement.  Tax-exempt and other investments consist of the PHC Certificates, taxable MRBs, real estate assets and investments in unconsolidated entities. In addition, the amount of other investments is limited based on the conditions to the exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940.

Mortgage Revenue Bond Investments Segment

The Mortgage Revenue Bond Investments segment consists of the Partnership’s portfolio of MRBs and related property loans that have been issued to provide construction and/or permanent financing for Residential Properties and commercial properties in their market areas.  Such MRBs are held as investments and the related property loans, net of loan loss allowances, are reported as such on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.  As of March 31, 2020, the Partnership held 75 MRBs. The Residential Properties financed by MRBs contain a total of 10,867 rental units. In addition, one MRB (Pro Nova 2014-1) is collateralized by commercial real estate. All “General and administrative expenses” on the Partnership’s condensed consolidated statements of operations are reported within this segment.

MF Properties Segment

The MF Properties segment consists of multifamily and student housing residential properties held by the Partnership (see Note 8). During the time the Partnership holds an interest in an MF Property, any net rental income generated by the MF Properties in excess of debt service will be available for distribution to the Partnership.  As of March 31, 2020, the Partnership owned two MF Properties containing a total of 859 rental units. Income tax expense for the Greens Hold Co is reported within this segment.

Public Housing Capital Fund Trusts Segment

The Public Housing Capital Fund Trusts segment consists of the assets, liabilities, and related income and expenses of the Partnership’s PHC Certificates (Note 7) and the related TOB Trust financings. In January 2020, the Partnership sold the PHC Certificates to an unrelated party, and the related TOB Trust financings were collapsed and all principal and interest was paid in full.  As a result, the Public Housing Capital Fund Trust segment has no activity after January 2020.

Other Investments Segment

The Other Investments segment consists of the operations of ATAX Vantage Holdings, LLC, which invests in unconsolidated entities (Note 9) and property loans to certain multifamily housing properties (Note 10).

The following tables detail certain key financial information for the Partnership’s reportable segments for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:

For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2020 2019
Total revenues
Mortgage Revenue Bond Investments $ 10,205,803 $ 10,443,413
MF Properties 1,952,247 1,993,629
Public Housing Capital Fund Trusts 174,470 638,146
Other Investments 1,403,615 4,589,410
Total revenues $ 13,736,135 $ 17,664,598
Interest expense
Mortgage Revenue Bond Investments $ 5,498,199 $ 5,648,568
MF Properties 321,776 364,389
Public Housing Capital Fund Trusts 197,993 381,963
Other Investments - -
Total interest expense $ 6,017,968 $ 6,394,920
Depreciation expense
Mortgage Revenue Bond Investments $ 2,424 $ -
MF Properties 707,014 819,158
Public Housing Capital Fund Trusts - -
Other Investments - -
Total depreciation expense $ 709,438 $ 819,158
Net income (loss)
Mortgage Revenue Bond Investments $ 440,336 $ 2,043,354
MF Properties (252,730 ) (437,134 )
Public Housing Capital Fund Trusts 1,390,999 256,183
Other Investments 1,403,152 4,589,410
Net income $ 2,981,757 $ 6,451,813

The following table details total assets for the Partnership’s reportable segments as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Total assets
Mortgage Revenue Bond Investments $ 912,120,645 $ 918,301,172
MF Properties 69,592,219 70,569,646
Public Housing Capital Fund Trusts 101,848 43,591,048
Other Investments 98,768,258 87,098,315
Consolidation/eliminations (103,066,708 ) (90,391,673 )
Total assets $ 977,516,262 $ 1,029,168,508
  1. Subsequent Events

In April 2020, the Term TOB Trust financings related to the Pro Nova 2014-1 MRB was collapsed and all outstanding principal and interest balances were repaid in full.

In April 2020, the Partnership terminated its Master Trust Agreement and collapsed all Term A/B Trust financings with Deutsche Bank. As of the termination, the Partnership is no longer subject to the debt covenants in the Master Trust Agreement. All outstanding principal and interest related to the Term A/B Trust financings was paid off in full. The MRBs associated with the collapsed Term A/B Trusts were securitized into new variable rate TOB Trusts with Mizuho. The following table summarizes the gross principal and initial terms of the TOB Trusts at closing:

TOB Trusts Securitization Outstanding TOB<br><br><br>Trust Financing Stated Maturity Reset<br><br><br>Frequency SIFMA<br><br><br>Based Rates Facility Fees Initial<br><br><br>Interest Rate
Avistar at Copperfield - Series A $ 11,818,000 May 2021 Weekly 0.42% 1.66% 2.08%
Avistar at Wilcrest - Series A 4,479,000 May 2021 Weekly 0.42% 1.66% 2.08%
Avistar at Wood Hollow - Series A 34,007,000 May 2021 Weekly 0.42% 1.66% 2.08%
Gateway Village 2,184,000 May 2021 Weekly 0.42% 1.66% 2.08%
Lynnhaven 2,898,000 May 2021 Weekly 0.42% 1.66% 2.08%
Total TOB Trust Financing $ 55,386,000

In April 2020, the Partnership extended the maturity dates of TOB Trust financings associated with the Rosewood Townhomes – Series A and South Pointe Apartments – Series A MRBs to June 2021.  The Partnership also extended the maturity dates of TOB Trust financings associated with the Montecito at William Ranch Apartments – Series A, Vineyard Gardens – Series A and Live 929 Apartments MRBs to July 2021.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

In this Management’s Discussion and Analysis, all references to “we,” “us,” and the “Partnership” refer to America First Multifamily Investors, L.P., its consolidated subsidiaries, and consolidated VIEs for all periods presented. See Note 2 and Note 5 to the Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements for further disclosure.

Critical Accounting Policies

The Partnership’s critical accounting policies are the same as those described in the Partnership’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.  The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Executive Summary

The Partnership was formed for the primary purpose of acquiring a portfolio of mortgage revenue bonds (“MRBs”) that are issued by state and local housing authorities to provide construction and/or permanent financing for affordable multifamily and student housing (collectively “Residential Properties”), and commercial properties in their market areas. We expect and believe the interest received on these bonds is excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes. We may also invest in other types of securities and investments that may or may not be secured by real estate, to the extent allowed by the Partnership Agreement.

The Partnership includes the assets, liabilities, and results of operations of the Partnership, our wholly-owned subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs. All significant transactions and accounts between us and the consolidated VIEs have been eliminated in consolidation. See Note 2 to the Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements for additional details.

As of March 31, 2020, we have four reportable segments: (1) Mortgage Revenue Bond Investments, (2) Public Housing Capital Fund Trusts, (3) MF Properties, and (4) Other Investments. The Partnership separately reports its consolidation and elimination information because it does not allocate certain items to the segments.  See Notes 2 and 23 to the Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements for additional details.

Recent Investment Activity

The following table presents information regarding the investment activity of the Partnership for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:

Investment Activity # Amount<br><br><br>(in 000's) Retired Debt<br><br><br>or Note<br><br><br>(in 000's) Tier 2 income<br><br><br>distributable to the<br><br><br>General Partner<br><br><br>(in 000's) ^(1)^ Notes to the<br><br><br>Partnership's<br><br><br>condensed<br><br><br>consolidated<br><br><br>financial<br><br><br>statements
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Mortgage revenue bond redemption 1 $ 3,103 N/A N/A 6
PHC Certificates sold 3 43,349 $ 34,809 N/A 7, 15
Investments in unconsolidated entities 3 10,270 N/A N/A 9
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Mortgage revenue bond acquisitions 2 $ 6,050 N/A N/A 6
Mortgage revenue bond redemption 1 5,574 N/A N/A 6
Investments in unconsolidated entities 3 6,594 N/A N/A 9
Property loan redemption 1 8,368 N/A $ 753 10
^(1)^ See “Cash Available for Distribution” in this Item 2 below.
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Recent Financing Activity

The following table presents information regarding the debt financing, derivatives, Series A Preferred Units and partners’ capital activities of the Partnership for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, exclusive of retired debt amounts listed in the investment activity table above:

Financing, Derivative and Capital Activity # Amount<br><br><br>(in 000's) Secured Maximum<br><br><br>SIFMA Cap<br><br><br>Rate^(1)^ Notes to the<br><br><br>Partnership's<br><br><br>condensed<br><br><br>consolidated<br><br><br>financial<br><br><br>statements
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Net repayment on unsecured LOCs 1 $ 660 No N/A 14
Refinancing of The 50/50 Mortgage and TIF loans 2 - Yes N/A 16
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Proceeds from new Term A/B Financings with Deutsche Bank 2 $ 5,264 Yes N/A 15
^(1)^ See "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" in Item 3 below.
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COVID-19 Update

The current outbreak of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) is currently disrupting supply chains and affecting production, sales and employment across a range of industries. The Partnership is continually assessing the impact of COVID-19 on its business operation, liquidity, and investment performance. The extent of the impact of COVID-19 on the Partnership’s financial condition and results of operations will depend on certain developments, including, but not limited to:

• the scope, severity and duration of the outbreak;
• the actions taken by various parties to contain the outbreak or mitigate its impact;
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• the impact of financial relief measures instituted by the U.S. government and the Federal Reserve; and
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• the direct and indirect economic effects of the outbreak and containment measures.
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These developments are uncertain and cannot be predicted. See the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section in this Item 2 for information regarding our uses and potential sources of liquidity for the next twelve months.

The decline in U.S. economic activity as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak has negatively impacted employment and earnings for individuals that utilize affordable housing, such as the Residential Properties securing our MRB investments. The U.S. government has instituted various relief measures intended to provide economic assistance to business and individuals, but it is uncertain if such relief measures will be sufficient to prevent increasing rental delinquencies. The Partnership continually communicates with the property owners and property management service providers associated with the Residential Properties securing our MRB investments regarding operations and rental collections. Based on reports from these parties, the average overall rental collection rate for the Residential Properties was 94% for April 2020 rental charges. However, property owners and property managers have cautioned that April collection data should not be used as a predictor for rent collections in future months due to the uncertainty of developments related to COVID-19. If the Residential Properties experience a significant increase in delinquent rents in future months, our borrowers may be unable to make contractual principal and interest payments required by the MRBs, negatively impacting the Partnership’s cash flows and leading to potential MRB defaults. As of the date of this report, no borrowers associated with the Residential Properties have made a request for forbearance or other relief related to contractual debt service payments on the Partnership’s MRBs. MRB defaults could cause defaults on our financing arrangements, triggering either a termination and repayment of the related debt or a sale of the underlying MRB. The Partnership may choose to provide support to Residential Properties through supplemental taxable property loans in order to prevent MRB defaults. We are continually monitoring rent collections and financial results of the Residential Properties for signs of stress and will proactively work with borrowers on a case-by-case basis. COVID-19 may negatively impact the performance of the commercial property associated with the Pro Nova 2014-1 MRB in the form of lower patient volume and revenues.

Our investments in unconsolidated entities are related to the development of market-rate multifamily properties. Many of these properties are in construction and have, to date, not experienced any material supply chain disruptions for either materials or labor. However, it is uncertain if such supply chain disruptions will occur in the future. The shelter-in-place and social distancing measures imposed as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak have created challenges for the leasing of units at projects that have completed construction. If such challenges persist for an extended period of time, it will negatively impact our returns and cash flows from these investments and may cause impairment losses in future periods.

The MF Properties are adjacent to universities and serve primarily university students. During March 2020, both universities adjacent to our MF Properties, the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and San Diego State University, suspended on-campus classes for the remainder of the 2019-2020 school year in response to the COVID-19 outbreak and began releasing on-campus students from their housing contracts. We continue to enforce the terms of our lease contracts with tenants and will work with tenants experiencing financial difficulties on a case-by-case basis. We are continually monitoring rent collections but are uncertain what impact the university closures will have on such collections through the terms of the leases, which typically run through July of each year.  If the COVID-19 outbreak and related mitigation strategies extend into the fall of 2020, the universities may not offer on-campus classes, which would adversely impact occupancy and operating results of the MF Properties for the 2020-2021 school year.

Mortgage Revenue Bond Investments Segment

The Partnership’s primary purpose is to acquire and hold as investments a portfolio of MRBs which have been issued to provide construction and/or permanent financing for Residential Properties and commercial properties in their market areas.

The following table compares operating results for the Mortgage Revenue Bond Investments segment for the periods indicated (dollar amounts in thousands):

For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2020 2019 Change % Change
Mortgage Revenue Bond Investments
Total revenues $ 10,206 $ 10,443 ) -2.3 %
Interest expense 5,498 5,649 ) -2.7 %
Segment net income 440 2,043 ) -78.5 %

All values are in US Dollars.

The following tables summarize the segment’s net interest income, average balances, and related yields earned on interest-earning assets and incurred on interest-bearing liabilities, as well as other income included in total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. The net of interest income from interest-earning assets and interest expense for interest-bearing liabilities is the segment’s net interest income. The average balances are based primarily on monthly averages during the respective periods. All dollar amounts are in thousands.

For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2020 2019
Average<br><br><br>Balance Interest<br><br><br>Income/<br><br><br>Expense Average<br><br><br>Rates<br><br><br>Earned/<br><br><br>Paid Average<br><br><br>Balance Interest<br><br><br>Income/<br><br><br>Expense Average<br><br><br>Rates<br><br><br>Earned/<br><br><br>Paid
Interest-earning assets:
Mortgage revenue bonds $ 672,710 $ 9,990 5.9 % $ 671,860 $ 10,213 6.1 %
Property loans 7,999 156 7.8 % ^^ 7,593 141 7.4 %
Other investments 1,724 46 10.7 % ^^ 1,783 47 10.5 %
Total interest-earning assets $ 682,433 $ 10,192 6.0 % $ 681,236 $ 10,401 6.1 %
MRB redemption income - 29
Non-investment income 14 13
Total revenues $ 10,206 $ 10,443
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Unsecured lines of credit $ 13,035 $ 186 5.7 % $ 35,659 $ 487 5.5 %
Fixed TEBS financing 291,308 2,884 4.0 % 220,909 2,327 4.2 %
Variable TEBS financing 79,361 625 3.2 % ^^ 153,931 1,438 3.7 %
Fixed Term A/B & TOB financing 64,918 1,128 7.0 % ^(1)^ 98,588 1,090 4.4 %
Variable TOB financing 67,993 700 4.1 % N/A N/A N/A
Derivative fair value adjustments N/A (25 ) N/A N/A 307 N/A
Total interest-bearing liabilities $ 516,615 $ 5,498 4.3 % $ 509,087 $ 5,649 4.4 %
Net interest income $ 4,694 2.8 % $ 4,752 2.8 %
^(1)^ The increase in the average interest rate was due primarily to approximately $425,000 of additional interest expense accrued as of March 31, 2020 related to the anticipated termination of the Term A/B Trusts and Master Trust Agreement with Deutsche Bank in April 2020.
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The following tables summarize the changes in interest income and interest expense between the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, and the extent to which these variances are attributable to 1) changes in the volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, or 2) changes in the interest rates of the interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. All dollar amounts are in thousands.

For the Three Months Ended March 31,2020 vs. 2019
Total<br><br><br>Change Volume<br> Change Rate<br> Change
Interest-earning assets:
Mortgage revenue bonds $ (223 ) )
Property loans 15
Other investments (1 ) )
Total interest-earning assets $ (209 ) )
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Unsecured & secured lines of credit $ (301 ) )
Fixed TEBS financing 557 )
Variable TEBS financing (813 ) ) )
Fixed Term A/B & TOB financing 38 )
Variable TOB financing 700
Derivative fair value adjustments (332 ) N/A )
Total interest-bearing liabilities $ (151 ) )
Net interest income $ (58 ) ) )

All values are in US Dollars.

Comparison of the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019

The decreases in total revenues and total interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019 was due to the rate and volume changes detailed in the tables above.

Segment net income for the three months ended March 31, 2020 decreased as compared to the same period in 2019 as a result of the net decreases in total revenues and interest expense detailed in the tables above, and a $1.4 million provision for credit loss related to the impairment of the Pro Nova 2014-1 MRB.

Public Housing Capital Fund Trusts Segment

The PHC Certificates within this segment consisted of custodial receipts evidencing loans made to public housing authorities.  Principal and interest on these loans are payable by the respective public housing authorities out of annual appropriations to be made to the public housing authorities by HUD under HUD’s Capital Fund Program. In January 2020, we sold all of our PHC Certificates to an unrelated third party and collapsed the related debt financing.

The following table compares operating results for the Public Housing Capital Fund Trusts segment for the periods indicated (dollar amounts in thousands):

For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2020 2019 Change % Change
Public Housing Capital Fund<br><br><br>Trusts
Total revenues $ 174 $ 638 ) -72.7 %
Interest expense 198 382 ) -48.2 %
Segment net income 1,391 256 443.4 %

All values are in US Dollars.

Comparison of the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019

Total revenues and interest expense were down for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019 due to the sale of the PHC Certificates in January 2020 and the collapse and payment in full of all principal and interest due on the TOB Trust financings secured by the PHC Certificates.

Segment net income increase for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019 is a result of a gain of approximately $1.4 million realized upon sale of the PHC Certificates, net of the decreases in total revenue and interest expense noted above.

MF Properties Segment

The Partnership’s strategy has been to acquire ownership positions in MF Properties while assessing the viability of restructuring the property ownership through a sale of the MF Properties. As of March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Partnership and its consolidated subsidiaries owned two MF Properties which contained a total of 859 rental units.

The following table compares operating results for the MF Properties segment for the periods indicated (dollar amounts in thousands):

For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2020 2019 Change % Change
MF Properties
Total revenues $ 1,952 $ 1,994 ) -2.1 %
Interest expense 322 364 ) -11.5 %
Segment net loss (253 ) (437 ) 42.1 %

All values are in US Dollars.

Comparison of the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019

The decrease in total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019 is due primarily to slightly lower occupancy at the Suites on Paseo.

The decrease in interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019 was due to the refinancing of The 50/50 Mortgage and TIF loans to lower interest rates in February 2020.

The decrease in segment net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019 was due to the changes in total revenues and interest expense described above, and a decrease in depreciation expense of approximately $114,000 at The 50/50 MF Property due to real estate assets that became fully depreciated in mid-2019.

Other Investments Segment

The Other Investments segment consists of the operations of ATAX Vantage Holdings, LLC, which holds noncontrolling equity investments in certain multifamily properties and issues property loans due from other multifamily properties.

The following table compares operating results for the Other Investments segment for the periods indicated (dollar amounts in thousands):

For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2020 2019 Change % Change
Other Investments
Total revenues $ 1,404 $ 4,589 ) -69.4 %
Segment net income 1,403 4,589 ) -69.4 %

All values are in US Dollars.

Comparison of the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019

The decrease in total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019 was primarily due to approximately $3.0 million of contingent interest income recognized upon redemption of the Vantage at Brooks, LLC property loan in January 2019 that did not recur.

The change in segment net income for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019 was due to the change in total revenues and gain on sale of an unconsolidated entity discussed above.

Discussion of the Residential Properties Securing our Mortgage Revenue Bonds and MF Properties

The following tables outline information regarding the Residential Properties for which we hold MRBs as investments. The tables also contain information about the MF Properties. The narrative discussion that follows provides a brief operating analysis of each category as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

Non-Consolidated Residential Properties - Stabilized

The owners of the following Residential Properties either do not meet the definition of a VIE or the Partnership has evaluated and determined it is not the primary beneficiary of the VIE.  As a result, the Partnership does not report the assets, liabilities and results of operations of these properties on a consolidated basis.  These Residential Properties have met the stabilization criteria (see footnote 3 below the table) as of March 31, 2020.  Debt service on the Partnership’s bonds for the non-consolidated stabilized properties was current as of March 31, 2020.  The amounts presented below were obtained from records provided by the property owners and their related property management service providers.

Number<br><br><br>of Units as of<br><br><br>March 31, Physical Occupancy ^(1)^<br><br><br>as of March 31, Economic Occupancy ^(2)^<br><br><br>for the Three Months Ended March 31,
Property Name State 2020 2020 2019 2020 2019
Non-Consolidated Properties-Stabilized ^(3)^
Courtyard CA 108 98 % 98 % 95 % 97 %
Glenview Apartments CA 88 98 % 94 % 96 % 95 %
Harden Ranch CA 100 97 % 97 % 96 % 95 %
Harmony Court Bakersfield CA 96 98 % 98 % 98 % 95 %
Harmony Terrace CA 136 98 % 99 % 128 % 127 %
Las Palmas CA 81 99 % 100 % 99 % 99 %
Montclair Apartments CA 80 100 % 100 % 103 % 103 %
Montecito at Williams Ranch Apartments CA 132 96 % 95 % 107 % 100 %
San Vicente CA 50 100 % 98 % 104 % 99 %
Santa Fe Apartments CA 89 96 % 100 % 92 % 96 %
Seasons at Simi Valley CA 69 99 % 100 % 120 % 118 %
Seasons Lakewood CA 85 100 % 100 % 107 % 102 %
Seasons San Juan Capistrano CA 112 96 % 98 % 103 % 103 %
Solano Vista CA 96 98 % 98 % 106 % 106 %
Summerhill CA 128 98 % 96 % 102 % 98 %
Sycamore Walk CA 112 98 % 98 % 86 % 98 %
The Village at Madera CA 75 100 % 100 % 98 % 97 %
Tyler Park Townhomes CA 88 99 % 100 % 97 % 98 %
Vineyard Gardens CA 62 100 % 100 % 102 % 100 %
Westside Village Market CA 81 99 % 100 % 95 % 100 %
Brookstone IL 168 93 % 97 % 104 % 100 %
Copper Gate^^Apartments IN 128 98 % 99 % 95 % 100 %
Renaissance^(5)^ LA 208 95 % 98 % 89 % 72 %
Live 929 Apartments MD 568 93 % 86 % 94 % 86 %
Woodlynn Village MN 59 98 % 98 % 98 % 97 %
Gateway Village NC 64 97 % 98 % 85 % 99 %
Greens Property NC 168 98 % 98 % 92 % 91 %
Lynnhaven Apartments NC 75 93 % 99 % 86 % 98 %
Silver Moon NM 151 92 % 90 % 92 % 89 %
Village at Avalon NM 240 98 % 96 % 96 % 94 %
Ohio Properties ^(4)^ OH 362 96 % 98 % 95 % 94 %
Bridle Ridge SC 152 100 % 99 % 96 % 90 %
Columbia Gardens SC 188 91 % 96 % 91 % 93 %
Companion at Thornhill Apartments SC 179 99 % 99 % 90 % 92 %
Cross Creek SC 144 97 % 95 % 92 % 88 %
Rosewood Townhomes SC 100 99 % 92 % 90 % 75 %
South Pointe Apartments SC 256 98 % 83 % 95 % 69 %
The Palms at Premier Park Apartments SC 240 99 % 97 % 91 % 89 %
Village at River's Edge SC 124 96 % 99 % 80 % 98 %
Willow Run SC 200 85 % 92 % 85 % 90 %
Arbors at Hickory Ridge^(5)^ TN 348 90 % 91 % 76 % 85 %
Avistar at Copperfield TX 192 94 % 93 % 87 % 87 %
Avistar at the Crest TX 200 92 % 91 % 81 % 70 %
Avistar at the Oaks TX 156 97 % 95 % 89 % 87 %
Avistar at the Parkway TX 236 91 % 86 % 82 % 77 %
Avistar at Wilcrest TX 88 93 % 95 % 81 % 83 %
Avistar at Wood Hollow TX 409 97 % 98 % 93 % 91 %
Avistar in 09 TX 133 100 % 95 % 93 % 88 %
Avistar on the Boulevard TX 344 94 % 91 % 80 % 83 %
Avistar on the Hills TX 129 95 % 95 % 87 % 83 %
Bruton Apartments TX 264 92 % 96 % 81 % 90 %
Concord at Gulfgate TX 288 93 % 94 % 85 % 80 %
Concord at Little York TX 276 94 % 92 % 85 % 87 %
Concord at Williamcrest TX 288 97 % 99 % 89 % 92 %
Crossing at 1415 TX 112 97 % 91 % 90 % 80 %
Decatur Angle TX 302 91 % 92 % 78 % 81 %
Esperanza at Palo Alto TX 322 89 % 91 % 83 % 82 %
Heights at 515 TX 96 96 % 99 % 92 % 90 %
Heritage Square TX 204 92 % 83 % 78 % 68 %
Oaks at Georgetown TX 192 94 % 95 % 88 % 92 %
Runnymede TX 252 99 % 99 % 91 % 97 %
Southpark TX 192 100 % 98 % 96 % 94 %
15 West Apartments WA 120 97 % 98 % 97 % 96 %
10,785 95 % 95 % 90 % 89 %
^(1)^ Physical occupancy is defined as the total number of units occupied divided by total units at the date of measurement.
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^(2)^ Economic occupancy is defined as the net rental income received divided by the maximum amount of rental income to be derived from each property. This statistic is reflective of rental concessions, delinquent rents and non-revenue units such as model units and employee units. Physical occupancy is a point in time measurement while economic occupancy is a measurement over the period presented. Therefore, economic occupancy for a period may exceed the actual occupancy at any point in time.
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^(3)^ A property is considered stabilized once it reaches 90% physical occupancy for 90 days and an achievement of 1.15 times debt service coverage ratio on amortizing debt service for a period after construction completion or completion of the rehabilitation.
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^(4)^ The Ohio Properties consist of Crescent Village, located in Cincinnati, Ohio, Willow Bend, located in Columbus (Hilliard), Ohio and Postwoods, located in Reynoldsburg, Ohio.
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^(5)^ The physical occupancy and economic occupancy amounts are based on the latest available occupancy and financial information, which is as of December 31, 2019.
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Physical occupancy and economic occupancy as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2020 were relatively consistent with the same period in 2019.

The COVID-19 outbreak may have a negative impact on economic occupancy and physical occupancy in the future due to rising unemployment and lower household income. At this point, the extent to which COVID-19 may impact these metrics in the future is uncertain.

Non-Consolidated Residential Properties - Not Stabilized

The owner of the following Residential Property does not meet the definition of a VIE and/or the Partnership has evaluated and determined it is not the primary beneficiary of the VIE.  As a result, the Partnership does not report the assets, liabilities and results of operations of this property on a consolidated basis.  This Residential Property has not met the stabilization criteria (see footnote 3 below the table) as of March 31, 2020. Debt service on the Partnership’s MRB for this non-consolidated non-stabilized property was current as of March 31, 2020.  The amounts presented below were obtained from records provided by the property owner and its related property management service provider.

Number<br><br><br>of Units as of<br><br><br>March 31, Physical Occupancy ^(1)^<br><br><br>as of March 31, Economic Occupancy^(2)^<br><br><br>for the Three Months Ended<br><br><br>March 31,
Property Name State 2020 2020 2019 2020 2019
Non-Consolidated Properties-Non<br><br><br>Stabilized ^(3)^
Montevista ^(4)^ CA 82 98 % n/a 118 % n/a
82 98 % n/a 118 % n/a
^(1)^ Physical occupancy is defined as the total number of units occupied divided by total units at the date of measurement.
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^(2)^ Economic occupancy is defined as the net rental income received divided by the maximum amount of rental income to be derived from each property. This statistic is reflective of rental concessions, delinquent rents and non-revenue units such as model units and employee units. Physical occupancy is a point in time measurement while economic occupancy is a measurement over the period presented. Therefore, economic occupancy for a period may exceed the actual occupancy at any point in time.
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^(3)^ This property was undergoing rehabilitation.  As such, this property is not considered stabilized as it has not met the criteria for stabilization. A property is considered stabilized once it reaches 90% physical occupancy for 90 days and an achievement of 1.15 times debt service coverage ratio on amortizing debt service for a period after completion of the rehabilitation.
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^(4)^ Previous period occupancy information is not available as this was a new investment acquired after March 31, 2019.
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The Partnership had only one property that had not stabilized as of March 31, 2020. The Partnership expects Montevista to stabilize in the third or fourth quarter of 2020.

MF Properties

As of March 31, 2020, we owned two MF Properties. We report the assets, liabilities, and results of operations of these properties on a consolidated basis.  For the three months ended March 31, 2020, both MF Properties met the stabilization criteria (see footnote 3 below the table). The 50/50 MF property is encumbered by mortgage loans with an aggregate principal balance of $26.7 million as of March 31, 2020.  Debt service on our mortgage payables was current as of March 31, 2020.

Number<br><br><br>of Units as of<br><br><br>March 31, Physical Occupancy ^(1)^<br><br><br>as of March 31, Economic Occupancy ^(2)^<br><br><br>for the Three Months Ended<br><br><br>March 31,
Property Name State 2020 2020 2019 2020 2019
MF Properties-Stabilized ^(3)^
Suites on Paseo CA 384 83 % 92 % 78 % 87 %
The 50/50 Property NE 475 98 % 98 % 91 % 90 %
859 92 % 95 % 84 % 88 %
^(1)^ Physical occupancy is defined as the total number of units occupied divided by total units at the date of measurement.
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^(2)^ Economic occupancy is defined as the net rental income received divided by the maximum amount of rental income to be derived from each property. This statistic is reflective of rental concessions, delinquent rents and non-revenue units such as model units and employee units. Physical occupancy is a point in time measurement while economic occupancy is a measurement over the period presented. Therefore, economic occupancy for a period may exceed the actual occupancy at any point in time.
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^(3)^ A property is considered stabilized once it reaches 90% physical occupancy for 90 days and an achievement of 1.15 times debt service coverage ratio on amortizing debt service for all MF Properties that are not student housing residential properties. Suites on Paseo and The 50/50 MF Property are student housing residential properties.
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The physical occupancy and economic occupancy as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2020 decreased as compared to the same period in 2019 due to a decrease in overall occupancy at the Suites on Paseo beginning in January 2020.

The COVID-19 outbreak and the related closure of the universities adjacent to our MF Properties may have a negative impact on economic occupancy and physical occupancy in the future, especially if the universities do not resume on-campus classes in the fall of 2020. At this point, the extent to which COVID-19 may impact these metrics in the future is uncertain.

Results of Operations

The tables and following discussions of the Partnership’s change in operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 should be read in conjunction with the Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements and Notes thereto included in Item 1 of this report, as well as the Partnership’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

The table below compares revenue and other income for the Partnership for the periods indicated (dollar amounts in thousands):

For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2020 2019 Change % Change
Revenues and Other Income:
Investment income $ 11,544 $ 12,408 ) -7.0 %
Property revenues 1,952 1,994 ) -2.1 %
Contingent interest income 12 3,012 ) -99.6 %
Other interest income 228 222 2.7 %
Other income - 29 ) -100.0 %
Gain on sale of securities 1,416 - N/A
Total Revenues and Other<br><br><br>Income $ 15,152 $ 17,665 ) -14.2 %

All values are in US Dollars.

Discussion of the Total Revenues and Other Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019

Investment income.    The decrease in investment income for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019 was due to the following factors:

• An increase of approximately $19,000 and a decrease of approximately $228,000 related to changes in MRB volume and interest rates, respectively. See discussion of volume and interest rate changes in the Mortgage Revenue Bond Investments segment previously included in Item 2; and
• A decrease of approximately $464,000 in investment interest income related to the PHC Certificates that were sold in January 2020.
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Property revenues.  The decrease in property revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019 was due primarily to slightly lower occupancy at the Suites on Paseo.

Contingent interest income. There was minimal contingent interest income recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2020. The contingent interest income recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was realized upon redemption of the Vantage at Brooks, LLC property loan in January 2019.

Other interest income. Other interest income is comprised primarily of interest income on property loans held by us. Other interest income was consistent for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019.

Other income. Other income was minimal for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

Gain on sale of securities.  The gain on sale of securities for the three months ended March 31, 2020 related to the sale of the PHC Certificates in January 2020. There was no gain on sale of securities reported for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

The table below compares expenses for the Partnership for the periods indicated (dollar amounts in thousands):

For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2020 2019 Change % Change
Expenses:
Real estate operating (exclusive of<br><br><br>items shown below) $ 1,175 $ 1,177 ) -0.2 %
Provision for credit loss 1,358 - N/A
Depreciation and amortization 709 821 ) -13.6 %
Interest expense 6,018 6,395 ) -5.9 %
General and administrative 2,899 2,778 4.4 %
Total Expenses $ 12,159 $ 11,171 8.8 %

All values are in US Dollars.

Discussion of the Total Expenses for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019

Real estate operating expenses.  Real estate operating expenses are related to MF Properties and are comprised principally of real estate taxes, property insurance, utilities, property management fees, repairs and maintenance, and salaries and related employee expenses of on-site employees. Real estate operating expenses were consistent for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019.

Provision for credit loss. Provision for credit loss for the three months ended March 31, 2020 is related to the other-than-temporary impairment of the Pro Nova 2014-1 MRB. There was no provision for credit loss recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

Depreciation and amortization expense.  Depreciation and amortization relate primarily to the MF Properties. The decrease in depreciation and amortization for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019 was due primarily to a decrease in depreciation expense of approximately $114,000 at The 50/50 MF Property due to real estate assets that became fully depreciated in mid-2019.

Interest expense. The decrease in interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019 was due primarily to a net decrease of approximately $332,000 related to fair value adjustments to interest rate derivatives, net of cash paid.

General and administrative expenses.  The increase in general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019 was primarily due to an increase of approximately $149,000 in one-time consulting fees.

Discussion of the Income Tax Expense for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019

A wholly-owned subsidiary of the Partnership, the Greens Hold Co, is a corporation subject to federal and state income tax. The Greens Hold Co owns The 50/50 MF Property and certain property loans. The Greens Hold Co generated minimal taxable income for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our potential sources and uses of liquidity may be impacted by developments resulting from the COVID-19 outbreak, which are uncertain at this time. The information below is based on the Partnership’s current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends, which could materially differ from actual results. See the discussion of Risk Factors in Part II – Item 1A of this report for further information.

Our short-term liquidity requirements over the next 12 months will be primarily for distribution payments, operational expenses, equity investment commitments, and debt service (principal and/or interest payments) on our debt financings. We expect to meet these liquidity requirements primarily using cash on hand and operating cash flows from our investments and MF Properties. We expect to refinance our debt financings maturing within the next 12 months with the same or similar lenders prior to maturity.

Our long-term liquidity requirements will be primarily for maturities of debt financings and mortgages payable and additional investments in MRBs and unconsolidated entities. We expect to meet these liquidity requirements primarily through refinancing of maturing debt financings with the same or similar lenders, principal and interest proceeds from investments in MRBs, proceeds from asset sales and redemptions, and the issuance of additional Beneficial Unit Certificates (“BUCs”) and Series A Preferred Units.

Sources of Liquidity

The Partnership’s principal sources of liquidity consist of:

• Operating cash flows from investments in MRBs and investments in unconsolidated entities;
• Net operating cash flows from MF Properties;
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• Unsecured lines of credit;
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• Proceeds from obtaining or increasing leverage of debt;
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• Issuances of BUCs and Series A Preferred Units; and
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• Proceeds from the sale of assets.
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Operating Cash Flows from Investments

Cash flows from operations are primarily comprised of regular, fixed-rate interest payments received on our MRBs that provide consistent cash receipts throughout the year.  The Partnership also receives distributions from investments in unconsolidated entities if, and when, cash is available for distribution to the underlying investees. Receipt of cash from our investments in MRBs and investments in unconsolidated entities is dependent upon the generation of net cash flows at multifamily properties that underlie our investments. These underlying properties are subject to risks usually associated with direct investments in multifamily real estate, which include (but are not limited to) reduced occupancy, tenant defaults, falling rental rates, and increasing operating expenses.

Net Operating Cash Flows from MF Properties

Cash flows generated by MF Properties, net of operating expenses and mortgage service payments, are considered to be unrestricted for use by the Partnership. The MF properties are subject to risks usually associated with direct investments in multifamily real estate, which include (but are not limited to) reduced occupancy, tenant defaults, falling rental rates, and increasing operating expenses.

Unsecured Lines of Credit

We maintain two unsecured lines of credit with a financial institution. Our unsecured operating line of credit (“LOC”) allows for the advance of up to $10.0 million to be used for general operations. We are required to make repayments of the principal to reduce the outstanding principal balance on the operating line to zero for fifteen consecutive days during each calendar quarter. We fulfilled this requirement during the quarter ended March 31, 2020.  In addition, we have fulfilled this requirement for the second quarter of 2020. We have $10.0 million available on the operating LOC at March 31, 2020.

Our unsecured non-operating LOC allows for the advance of up to $50.0 million and may be utilized for the purchase of multifamily real estate, MRBs and taxable MRBs. Advances on the unsecured LOC are due on the 270^th^ day following the advance date, but may be extended by making certain payments for up to an additional 270 days. The unsecured non-operating LOC contains a covenant, among others, that the Partnership’s ratio of the lender’s senior debt will not exceed a specified percentage of the market value of the Partnership’s assets, as defined in the Credit Agreement. The Partnership was in compliance with all covenants as of March 31, 2020. We anticipate paying off the balances on our unsecured non-operating LOC by entering into debt financing arrangements, to be secured with the previously acquired MRBs or multifamily real estate. We have approximately $37.5 million available on the unsecured non-operating LOC as of March 31, 2020.

Proceeds from Obtaining or Increasing Leverage of Debt

We hold certain investments that are not associated with our debt financings, mortgages payable or non-operating line of credit. The Partnership may obtain leverage for these investments by posting the investments as security. As of March 31, 2020, the Partnership’s largest unleveraged asset was the Suites at Paseo MF Property.

In certain circumstances, the Partnership may have debt financings that have a relatively low leverage when comparing the outstanding debt principal to the value of the related securitized assets. This can occur due to either principal paydowns on the debt financings or increasing value of the securitized assets. In such cases, the Partnership may elect to refinance the existing debt financings to increase leverage and obtain additional cash proceeds from increases in the outstanding principal balances.

Issuances of BUCs and Series A Preferred Units

We may, from time to time, issue additional BUCs in the public market.  In December 2019, the Partnership’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 (“Registration Statement”) was declared effective by the SEC under which the Partnership may offer up to $225.0 million of BUCs for sale from time to time. The Registration Statement will expire in December 2022.

The Partnership is authorized to issue Series A Preferred Units under the Partnership Agreement. As of March 31, 2020, we have issued 9,450,000 Series A Preferred Units for gross proceeds of approximately $94.5 million to five financial institutions. The Series A Preferred Units were issued in a private placement that was terminated as of October 25, 2017.  The Partnership may conduct additional private offerings of Series A Preferred Units in the future to supplement its cash flow needs, if the General Partner deems such offerings to be necessary and otherwise consistent with the Partnership’s strategic initiatives. The Partnership is able to issue Series A Preferred Units so long as the aggregate market capitalization of the BUCs, based on the closing price on the trading day prior to issuance of the Series A Preferred Units, is no less than three times the aggregate book value of all Series A Preferred Units, inclusive of the amount to be issued.

Proceeds from the Sale of Assets

We may, from time to time, sell our investments in MRBs, investments in unconsolidated entities and MF Properties consistent with our strategic plans. Our ability to dispose of such investments on favorable terms is dependent upon a number of factors including (but not limited to) the availability of credit to potential buyers to purchase investments at prices we consider acceptable. In addition, potential adverse changes to general market and economic conditions may negatively impact our ability to sell our investments in the future.

In January 2020, we sold our PHC Certificates to an unrelated party. We received net proceeds of approximately $8.6 million, after the payment of principal, interest and expenses related to the collapse of the related secured TOB Trust financing.

Uses of Liquidity

Our principal uses of liquidity consist of:

• General and administrative expenses;
• Distributions paid to holders of Series A Preferred Units and BUCs;
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• Investments in additional MRBs, property loans and unconsolidated entities;
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• Debt service on debt financings and mortgages payable; and
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• Other contractual obligations.
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General and Administrative Expenses

We use cash to pay general and administrative expenses of the Partnership’s operations.  For additional details, see Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in the Partnership’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, and the section captioned “Cash flows from operating activities” in the Partnership’s condensed consolidated statements of cash flows set forth in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Distributions Paid to Holders of Series A Preferred Units and BUCs

Distributions to the holders of Series A Preferred Units, if declared by the General Partner, are paid quarterly at an annual fixed rate of 3.0%.  The Series A Preferred Units are non-cumulative, non-voting and non-convertible.

We paid total annual distributions of $0.50 per BUC, payable quarterly at $0.125 per BUC, during the year ended December 31, 2019, and paid a quarterly distribution of $0.125 per BUC during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

The Partnership and its General Partner continually assess the level of distributions for the Series A Preferred Units and BUCs based on cash available for distribution, financial performance and other factors consider relevant, including the effects of COVID-19.

Investments in Additional MRBs, Property Loans and Unconsolidated Entities

Our overall strategy is to continue to increase our investment in quality multifamily properties through either the acquisition of MRBs, property loans or equity investments in both existing and new markets. We evaluate investment opportunities based on (but not limited to) our market outlook, including general economic conditions, development opportunities and long-term growth potential. Our ability to make future investments is dependent upon identifying suitable acquisition and development opportunities, access to long-term liquidity sources, and the availability of investment capital.

Debt Service on Debt Financings and Mortgages Payable

Our debt financing arrangements consist of various secured financing transactions to leverage our portfolio of MRBs and other investments. The financing arrangements generally involve the securitization of MRBs and other investments into trusts whereby we retain beneficial interests in the trusts that provide certain rights to the underlying investment assets. The senior beneficial interests are sold to unaffiliated parties with the residual interests retained by the Partnership. The senior beneficial interests require periodic interest payments that may be fixed or variable, depending on the terms of the arrangement, and scheduled principal payments. The Partnership is required to fund any shortfall in principal and interest payable to the senior beneficial interests. In addition, the Partnership may be required to post collateral if the value of MRBs securitized in TOB Trusts drops below a threshold in the aggregate. We anticipate that cash flows from the securitized assets will fund normal, recurring principal and interest payments to the senior beneficial interests and all trust-related fees.

We actively manage both our fixed and variable rate debt financings. The following table summarizes our fixed and variable rate debt financings as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Debt Financing Type Outstanding<br><br><br>Principal % of Total Debt<br><br><br>Financing Outstanding<br><br><br>Principal % of Total Debt
Fixed $ 355,388,576 70.7 % $ 356,258,799 66.1 %
Variable 147,186,186 29.3 % 182,329,180 33.9 %
Total $ 502,574,762 $ 538,587,979

During 2019, we began to strategically diversify our lending relationships to reduce our exposure to Deutsche Bank. Subsequent to March 31, 2020, we terminated all outstanding arrangements with Deutsche Bank, consisting of the Term TOB Trust, Term A/B Trusts and Master Trust Agreement. The debt financing structures were collapsed and replaced with variable-rate TOB Trust debt financings with Mizuho. The termination of the Master Trust Agreement with Deutsche Bank released the Partnership from various financial covenants that limited the Partnership’s liquidity and that exposed the Partnership to risk of covenant violations due to

changes in its market capitalization, which is outside of the Partnership’s control. See Note 24 to the Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Our mortgages payable financing arrangements are used to leverage our MF Properties. The mortgages are entered into with financial institutions and are secured by security interests in the MF Properties. The mortgages bear interest that may be fixed or variable, depending on the terms of the arrangement, and include scheduled principal payments. We anticipate that cash flows from the secured properties will be sufficient to pay all normal, recurring principal and interest payments.

In February 2020, the Partnership refinanced The 50/50 MF Property mortgage loan with its existing lender.  The maturity date of the mortgage loan was extended seven years to April 2027 and the interest rate was fixed at 4.35%. In February 2020, the Partnership also refinanced The 50/50 MF Property TIF loan with its existing lender. The maturity date of the TIF loan was extended five years to March 2025 and the interest rate was lowered to 4.4%.

We anticipate refinancing all debt financing arrangements maturing in 2020 with similar arrangements of terms greater than one year. We typically refinance arrangements with existing lenders, assuming the terms are acceptable to the Partnership. We may also explore other financing options with Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae, other investment banks or other lenders in the market.

Other Contractual Obligations

We are subject to various guarantee obligations in the normal course of business, and, in most cases, do not anticipate these obligations to result in significant cash payments by the Partnership.

Leverage Ratio

We utilize leverage to enhance rates of return to our Unitholders. We use target constraints for each type of financing utilized by us to manage an overall 75% leverage constraint, as established by the Board of Managers of Greystone Manager, which is the general partner of the Partnership’s General Partner. The Board of Managers of Greystone Manager retains the right to change the leverage constraint in the future based on consider of factors the Board of Managers considers relevant. The leverage utilized is dependent upon several factors, including, but not limited to, the assets being leveraged, the leverage program utilized, constraints of market collateral calls and the liquidity and marketability of the underlying collateral of the asset being leveraged. We define our leverage ratio as total outstanding debt divided by total assets using cost adjusted for paydowns and allowances for MRBs, property loans, and taxable MRBs, and initial cost for deferred financing costs and MF Properties. As of March 31, 2020, our overall leverage ratio was approximately 60%.

Cash Flows

For the three months ended March 31, 2020, we used cash of $7.4 million, which was the net result of $2.3 million provided by operating activities, $37.5 million provided by investing activities, and $47.2 million used in financing activities.

Cash provided by operating activities totaled $2.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, as compared to $3.6 million generated for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease between periods was primarily due to a decrease of $3.5 million in net income, offset by a $2.2 million increase in adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities.

Cash provided by investing activities totaled $37.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, as compared to cash provided of $8.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The change between periods was predominantly due to an increase of $40.6 million received on the sale of the PHC Certificates, offset by a decrease of $11.4 million of principal payments received on property loans and contingent interest. The remaining difference was due to offsetting cash flows from our various investments in MRBs, PHCs, property loans and contributions to unconsolidated entities.

Cash used in financing activities totaled $47.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, as compared to cash used of $6.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The change between periods was predominantly due to an increase of $38.3 million in net payments on debt financing and an increase of $2.1 million in BUC repurchases.

We believe our cash balance and cash provided by the sources discussed herein will be sufficient to pay, or refinance, our debt obligations and to meet our liquidity needs over the next 12 months.

Cash Available for Distribution

The Partnership believes that Cash Available for Distribution (“CAD”) provides relevant information about the Partnership’s operations and is necessary, along with net income, for understanding its operating results.  To calculate CAD, the Partnership begins with net income as computed in accordance with GAAP and adjusts for non-cash expenses consisting of depreciation expense, amortization expense related to deferred financing costs, amortization of premiums and discounts, non-cash interest rate derivative expense or income, provisions for credit and loan losses, impairments on MRBs, PHC Certificates, real estate assets and property loans, deferred income tax expense (benefit) and restricted unit compensation expense. The Partnership also deducts Tier 2 income (see Note 3 to the Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements) distributable to the General Partner as defined in the Partnership Agreement and Series A Preferred Unit distributions and accretion.  Net income is the GAAP measure most comparable to CAD. There is no generally accepted methodology for computing CAD, and the Partnership’s computation of CAD may not be comparable to CAD reported by other companies.  Although the Partnership considers CAD to be a useful measure of the Partnership’s operating performance, CAD is a non-GAAP measure that should not be considered as an alternative to net income calculated in accordance with GAAP, or any other measures of financial performance presented in accordance with GAAP.

The following table shows the calculation of CAD (and a reconciliation of the Partnership’s net income, as determined in accordance with GAAP, to CAD) for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2020 2019
Net income $ 2,981,757 $ 6,451,813
Change in fair value of derivatives and interest rate derivative<br><br><br>amortization (25,201 ) 306,591
Depreciation and amortization expense 709,438 820,808
Reversal of impairment on securities ^(1)^ (1,902,979 ) -
Provision for credit loss 1,357,681 -
Amortization of deferred financing costs 358,908 361,305
RUA compensation expense 39,068 184,184
Deferred income taxes (30,921 ) (40,692 )
Redeemable Series A Preferred Unit distribution and accretion (717,763 ) (717,763 )
Tier 2 Income distributable to the General Partner ^(2)^ 80,501 (753,025 )
Bond purchase premium (discount) amortization (accretion), net<br><br><br>of cash received (13,806 ) (38,952 )
Total CAD $ 2,836,683 $ 6,574,269
Weighted average number of BUCs outstanding, basic 60,754,179 60,426,177
Net income per BUC, basic $ 0.04 $ 0.08
Total CAD per BUC, basic $ 0.05 $ 0.11
Distributions declared, per BUC $ 0.125 $ 0.125
(1) This amount represents previous impairments recognized as adjustments to CAD in prior periods related to the PHC Certificates. Such adjustments were reversed in the first quarter of 2020 upon the sale of the PHC Certificates in January 2020.
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(2) As described in Note 3 to the Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements, Net Interest Income representing contingent interest and Net Residual Proceeds representing contingent interest (Tier 2 income) will be distributed 75% to the limited partners and BUC holders, as a class, and 25% to the General Partner. This adjustment represents the 25% of Tier 2 income due to the General Partner.
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For the three months ended March 31, 2020, Tier 2 income was due to the gain on sale of the PHC Certificates, net of prior impairments recorded. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, Tier 2 income consisted of $3.0 million of contingent interest realized on redemption of the Vantage at Brooks, LLC property loan.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, we held MRBs that are collateralized by Residential Properties and one commercial property.  The Residential Properties and commercial property are owned by entities that are not controlled by us.  We have no equity interest in these entities and do not guarantee any obligations of these entities.

The Partnership has entered into various commitments and guarantees. For additional discussions related to commitments and guarantees, see Note 18 to the Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

We do not engage in trading activities involving non-exchange traded contracts. As such, we are not materially exposed to any financing, liquidity, market, or credit risk that could arise if we had engaged in such relationships.

We do not have any relationships or transactions with persons or entities that derive benefits from their non-independent relationships with us or our related parties, other than those disclosed in Note 21 to the Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

Contractual Obligations

As discussed herein and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, the debt obligation amounts maturing in 2020 consist of the principal to be paid on LOCs, various TOB, Term TOB and Term A/B debt financings with Deutsche Bank and Mizuho, and payments on the MF Property mortgages payable.  Our strategic objective is to leverage our MRB portfolio utilizing long-term securitization financings either with Freddie Mac through its TEBS program or with other lenders with trust securitizations similar to the Term A/B Trust program with Deutsche Bank, the TOB Trust program with Mizuho, or the Term TOB Trust program with Morgan Stanley. This strategy allows us to better match the duration of our assets and liabilities and to better manage the spread between our assets and liabilities.

The Partnership’s contractual obligations presented in Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, which is incorporated by reference herein, have only changed pursuant to the executed contracts during the three months ended March 31, 2020 as disclosed herein.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

For a discussion of recently issued accounting pronouncements that will be adopted in future periods, see Note 2 to the Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

The COVID-19 outbreak has caused significant disruption in the financial and credit markets both globally and in the United States during the three months ended March 31, 2020. The information below is based on the Partnership’s current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends, which could materially differ from actual results. See the discussion of Risk Factors in Part II – Item 1A of this report for further information. With the exception of developments associated with COVID-19, there have been no material changes in market risk, except as discussed below, from the information provided under “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” in Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Mortgage Revenue Bonds Sensitivity Analysis

A third-party pricing service is used to value our MRBs. The pricing service uses a discounted cash flow and yield to maturity or call analysis which encompasses judgment in its application.  The key assumption in the yield to maturity or call analysis is the range of effective yields of the individual MRBs.  The effective yield analysis for each MRB considers the current market yield on similar MRBs, specific terms of each MRB, and various characteristics of the property collateralizing the MRB such as debt service coverage ratio, loan to value, and other characteristics. We completed a sensitivity analysis which is hypothetical and is as of a specific point in time.  The results of the sensitivity analysis may not be indicative of actual changes in fair value and should be used with caution. The table below summarizes the sensitivity analysis metrics related to the investments in the MRBs as of March 31, 2020:

Description Estimated Fair<br><br><br>Value (in 000's) Range of Effective<br><br><br>Yields used<br><br><br>in Valuation Range of Effective<br><br><br>Yields if 10%<br><br><br>Adverse Applied Additional<br><br><br>Unrealized Losses<br><br><br>with 10% Adverse<br><br><br>Change (in 000's)
Mortgage Revenue Bonds $ 761,082 2.8 % -7.9% 3.1 % -8.7% $ 21,113

Geographic Risk

The properties securing our MRBs are geographically dispersed throughout the United States, with significant concentrations (geographic risk) in Texas, California, and South Carolina.  The table below summarizes the geographic concentrations in these states as a percentage of the total MRB principal outstanding for the dates indicated:

March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Texas 43 % 43 %
California 17 % 18 %
South Carolina 17 % 17 %

After a review of the economic performance of properties located in Texas, California and South Carolina, as compared to general conditions in these markets, we do not believe we are exposed to adverse risk in these markets.

Summary of Interest Rates on Borrowings and Interest Rate Cap Agreements

At March 31, 2020, the total costs of borrowing by investment type were as follows:

• The unsecured LOCs have variable interest rates ranging between 3.9% and 4.6%;
• The M31 TEBS facility has a variable interest rate of 5.6%;
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• The M24 and M33 TEBS facilities have fixed interest rates that range between 3.1% and 3.2%;
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• The M45 TEBS facility has a fixed interest rate of 3.8% through July 31, 2023 and 4.4% thereafter;
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• The Term TOB Trusts securitized by MRBs have fixed interest rates that range between 3.5% and 4.0%;
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• The Term A/B Trusts securitized by MRBs have fixed interest rates of 4.5%;
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• The TOB Trusts securitized by MRBs have variable interest rates that range between 4.6% and 6.5%; and
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• The mortgages payable have fixed interest rates of 4.4%.
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We enter into interest rate cap agreements to mitigate our exposure to interest rate fluctuations on variable-rate financing facilities. The following table sets forth certain information regarding the Partnership’s interest rate cap agreements as of March 31, 2020:

Purchase<br><br><br>Date Notional<br><br><br>Amount Maturity<br><br><br>Date Effective<br><br><br>Capped<br><br><br>Rate ^(1)^ Index Variable Debt<br><br><br>Financing Facility<br><br><br>Hedged ^(1)^ Counterparty Fair Value as of March 31, 2020
July 2015 26,949,233 Aug 2020 3.0 % SIFMA TOB Trusts Wells Fargo Bank $ -
July 2015 26,949,233 Aug 2020 3.0 % SIFMA TOB Trusts Royal Bank of Canada -
July 2015 26,949,233 Aug 2020 3.0 % SIFMA TOB Trusts SMBC Capital Markets, Inc -
June 2017 80,847,700 Aug 2020 1.5 % SIFMA TOB Trusts Barclays Bank PLC -
Sept 2017 57,918,000 Sept 2020 4.0 % SIFMA TOB Trusts Barclays Bank PLC -
Aug 2019 79,014,909 Aug 2024 4.5 % SIFMA M31 TEBS Barclays Bank PLC 36,112
$ 36,112
^(1)^ For additional details, see Note 22 to the Partnership's condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Interest Rate Risk – Change in Net Interest Income

The following table sets forth information regarding the impact on the Partnership’s net interest income assuming a change in interest rates as of March 31, 2020:

Description - 25 basis points + 50 basis points + 100 basis points + 150 basis points + 200 basis points
TOB & Term A/B Debt Financings $ 180,823 $ (361,610 ) $ (723,173 ) $ (1,084,691 ) $ (1,446,163 )
TEBS Debt Financings 209,739 (419,436 ) (838,817 ) (1,141,089 ) (1,402,544 )
Other Investment Financings 30,830 (61,616 ) (123,173 ) (184,672 ) (246,113 )
Total $ 421,392 $ (842,662 ) $ (1,685,163 ) $ (2,410,452 ) $ (3,094,820 )

The above interest rate sensitivity table above (the “Table”) represents the change in interest income from investments, net of interest on debt and settlement payments on interest rate derivatives over the next twelve months, assuming an immediate parallel shift in the LIBOR yield curve and the resulting implied forward rates are realized as a component of this shift in the curve.  Assumptions include anticipated interest rates, relationships between interest rate indices and outstanding investments, liabilities and interest rate derivative positions.

No assurance can be made that the assumptions included in the Table presented herein will occur or that other events will not occur that will affect the outcomes of the analysis.  Furthermore, the results included in the Table assume the Partnership does not act to change its sensitivity to the movement in interest rates.

As the above information incorporates only those material positions or exposures that existed as of March 31, 2020, it does not consider those exposures or positions that could arise after that date. The ultimate economic impact of these market risks will depend on the exposures that arise during the period, our risk mitigation strategies at that time and the overall business and economic environment.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures.  The Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have reviewed and evaluated the effectiveness of the Partnership’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of such period, the Partnership’s current disclosure controls and procedures were effective in ensuring that (i) information required to be disclosed by the Partnership in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (ii) information required to be disclosed by the Partnership in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Partnership’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting.  The Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have determined that there were no changes in the Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the Partnership’s most recent fiscal quarter to which this report relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

The risk factors affecting the Partnership are described in Item 1A “Risk Factors” in the Partnership’s Annual Report on Form 10‑K for the year ended December 31, 2019, which is incorporated by reference herein. There have been no material changes from these previously disclosed risk factors for the three months ended March 31, 2020, except for the risks disclosed in the following paragraphs.

The outbreak of the recent novel coronavirus ("COVID-19"), or an outbreak of another highly infectious or contagious disease, may adversely affect our business activities, financial condition and results of operations.

Our business is dependent in large part on the willingness and ability of real estate developers to construct and operate the multifamily, residential, and commercial properties underlying the MRBs and other investments in the Partnership’s portfolio. The spread of a highly infectious or contagious disease, such as COVID-19, may cause severe disruptions in the U.S. economy, which may in turn disrupt the business, activities, and operations of our underlying investments, as well as our business and operations.

Since the beginning of January 2020, the COVID-19 outbreak has caused significant disruption in the financial and credit markets both globally and in the United States. The spread of COVID-19, or an outbreak of another highly infectious or contagious disease, may result in widespread sustained unemployment and financial hardship for tenants of multifamily real estate properties and cause a decrease in rent collections. The U.S. government has instituted and may continue to institute various relief measures intended to provide economic assistance to business and individuals, but it is uncertain if such relief measures will be sufficient for the tenants of multifamily real estate properties to avoid defaulting on their rent obligations, which would result in lower rent collections by lessors. In addition, many state and local governments have issued and may continue to issue regulations preventing the eviction of tenants for a period of time, which limits the ability of multifamily properties to replace non-paying tenants, which may further negatively impact rent collections. Lower rent collections will negatively impact the ability of the Residential Properties securing our MRBs to meet debt service obligations, which may cause MRBs to default or require us to provide taxable property loans to avoid defaults. In such cases, our returns may be negatively impacted. In addition, defaults of MRBs in securitized trust financing arrangements may trigger requirements for us to post collateral to support the trusts or may cause a covenant default under our financing programs such that we may be required to collapse the financing arrangements or sell the underlying MRBs and cover any shortfall in proceeds. In March 2020, we were required to post additional collateral for a short period of time related to the TOB Trusts due to fluctuations in market prices and the impact to the value of collateral. Similar fluctuations in the future may require us to post additional collateral, which may adversely impact our liquidity position. Lower rent collections at our MF Properties will decrease the net cash flows available to the Partnership for operations and additional investments. Lower rent collections at properties associated with our investments in unconsolidated entities will decrease the distributions received on our investments and negatively impact our returns. If COVID-19, or an outbreak of another infectious or contagious disease, causes prolonged disruptions in the general economy, overall occupancy rates and rental rates may decrease at multifamily properties and further negatively impact net cash flows. Most universities have suspended on-campus classes as a result of COVID-19 for the remainder of the 2019-2020 school year and it is uncertain if on-campus classes will resume for the 2020-2021 school year. The suspension of on-campus classes may negatively impact occupancy, rental rates and net cash flows at student properties, specifically our MF Properties.

COVID-19, or another highly infectious or contagious disease, may cause significant volatility in the financial markets and the performance of our underlying investments, which may negatively impair the value of various investments and cause us to recognize impairments. Such impairments may also require us to post additional collateral for our securitized trust financing arrangements, inhibit our ability to renew or obtain leverage for our investments, and lower the potential proceeds received on the sale of our investments. In addition, financial market volatility may prevent us from issuing additional BUCs or Series A Preferred Units, which would negatively impact our access to additional capital and liquidity.

COVID-19, or another highly infectious or contagious disease, may disrupt the supply chain for materials and labor required for the construction of Residential Properties or multifamily properties that underlie our investments in unconsolidated entities, causing delays in construction leading to additional costs to complete construction. If such disruptions are severe, it may result in a default under the mortgage loans that secure our MRBs and cause us to foreclose on the properties or require us to provide supplemental financial support. If a property associated with an investment in an unconsolidated entity is not completed or costs more to complete than anticipated, it may cause us to receive smaller distributions than expected or prevent us from receiving a return on our investments or recovering our initial investment, which would adversely affect our results of operations. If such disruptions are severe and a managing member is unable to continue operating the property, we may take over ownership of or sell the property. In addition, the Partnership may be required to reverse previously recognized preferred returns associated with these investments, negatively impacting our results of operations. In general, our overall return from our MRBs and investments in unconsolidated entities is likely to be less than if the construction had been completed on time or within budget. Shelter-in-place and social distancing measures imposed as a result of COVID-19, or another highly infectious disease, will create challenges for the leasing of units and stabilization of projects that have completed construction. If such challenges persist for an extended period of time, it will negatively impact our returns and cash flows from these investments and may cause impairment losses in future periods.

COVID-19, or another highly infectious or contagious disease, may negatively impact our cash flows, financial position and results of operations to such an extent that the General Partner of the Partnership may determine to reduce distributions to the holders of our Series A Preferred Units and BUCs. Although we maintain contingency plans for pandemic outbreaks, a spread of COVID-19, or an outbreak of another contagious disease, could also negatively impact the availability of key personnel necessary to conduct our business activities. Such a spread or outbreak could also negatively impact the business and operations of third-party service providers who perform critical services for us.

The extent to which COVID-19 impacts our operations and those of our borrowers, tenants and investments will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with any reasonable degree of certainty at this time, including the scope, severity and duration of the outbreak, the actions taken to contain the outbreak or mitigate its impact, and the direct and indirect economic effects of the outbreak and containment measures, among others. Nevertheless, if COVID-19, or another highly infectious or contagious disease, continues to spread or the response to contain COVID-19 is unsuccessful, we could experience a material adverse effect to our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

On February 28, 2020, the Partnership announced that the Board of Managers of Greystone Manager, which is the general partner of the Partnership’s general partner, authorized a BUC repurchase program for up to 290,000 of the Partnership’s outstanding BUCs. Under the terms of the repurchase program, BUCs could be repurchased from time to time at the Partnership’s discretion on the open market, through block trades, or otherwise, subject to market conditions, applicable legal requirements, and other considerations.  The program did not have a stated expiration date and was to continue until all the BUCs authorized under the program had been repurchased, or the program was otherwise modified or terminated by the Board in its sole discretion.  During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Partnership repurchased 290,000 BUCs for a total purchase price of $2.1 million.

Information on the BUCs repurchased under the program during the three months ended March 31, 2020 is as follows:

Period Total number of shares<br><br><br>(or units) purchased Average price paid per<br><br><br>share (or unit) Total number of shares<br><br><br>(or units) purchased as<br><br><br>part of publicly<br><br><br>announced plans or<br><br><br>programs Maximum number (or<br><br><br>approximate dollar<br><br><br>value) of shares (or<br><br><br>units) that may yet be<br><br><br>purchased under the<br><br><br>plans or program
January 1 - January 31, 2020 - $ - - -
February 1 - February 29, 2020 20,727 7.15 20,727 269,273
March 1 - March 31, 2020 269,273 7.27 269,273 -
290,000 $ 7.26 290,000

Item 6. Exhibits.

The following exhibits are filed as required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K.  Exhibit numbers refer to the paragraph numbers under Item 601 of Regulation S-K:

31.1 Certification of CEO pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2 Certification of CFO pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1 Certification of CEO pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2 Certification of CFO pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101 The following materials from the Partnership’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2020 are filed herewith, formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets on March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Partners’ Capital for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, (v) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, and (vi) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Such materials are presented with detailed tagging of notes and financial statement schedules.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

AMERICA FIRST MULTIFAMILY INVESTORS, L.P.

Date: May 6, 2020 By: /s/ Chad L. Daffer
Chad L. Daffer
Chief Executive Officer
Date: May 6, 2020 By: /s/ Jesse A. Coury
--- --- ---
Jesse A. Coury
Chief Financial Officer

56

atax-ex311_6.htm

Exhibit 31.1

Certification of CEO pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, Chad L. Daffer, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of America First Multifamily Investors, L.P.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
--- ---
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in the report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
--- ---
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
--- ---
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under my supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to me by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
--- ---
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused internal control over financial reporting to be designed under my supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
--- ---
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report my conclusion about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
--- ---
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
--- ---
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on my most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing equivalent functions):
--- ---
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
--- ---
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
--- ---

Date: May 6, 2020

By /s/ Chad L. Daffer
Chad L. Daffer
Chief Executive Officer

America First Multifamily Investors, L.P.

atax-ex312_7.htm

Exhibit 31.2

Certification of CFO pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, Jesse A. Coury, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of America First Multifamily Investors, L.P.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
--- ---
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in the report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
--- ---
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
--- ---
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under my supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to me by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
--- ---
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused internal control over financial reporting to be designed under my supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
--- ---
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report my conclusion about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
--- ---
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
--- ---
5. A The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on my most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing equivalent functions):
--- ---
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
--- ---
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
--- ---

Date: May 6, 2020

By /s/ Jesse A. Coury
Jesse A. Coury
Chief Financial Officer

America First Multifamily Investors, L.P.

atax-ex321_8.htm

Exhibit 32.1

Certification of CEO pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, Chad L. Daffer, Chief Executive Officer of America First Multifamily Investors, L.P. (the “Partnership”), certifies, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that:

(1) The Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Partnership for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m); and
(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Partnership.
--- ---

Date:  May 6, 2020

/s/ Chad L. Daffer
Chad L. Daffer
Chief Executive Officer

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to America First Multifamily Investors, L.P. and will be retained by America First Multifamily Investors, L.P. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

atax-ex322_9.htm

Exhibit 32.2

Certification of CFO pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, Jesse A. Coury, Chief Financial Officer of America First Multifamily Investors, L.P. (the “Partnership”), certifies, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that:

(1) The Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Partnership for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m); and
(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Partnership.
--- ---

Date:  May 6, 2020

/s/ Jesse A. Coury
Jesse A. Coury
Chief Financial Officer

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to America First Multifamily Investors, L.P. and will be retained by America First Multifamily Investors, L.P. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

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