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Earnings Call

Intapp, Inc. (INTA)

Earnings Call 2021-12-31 For: 2021-12-31
Added on April 22, 2026

Earnings Call Transcript - INTA Q2 2022

Operator, Operator

Good day, ladies and gentlemen. Thank you for standing by and welcome to Intapp's Second Quarter Fiscal Year 2022 Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. After the speakers' presentation, there will be a question-and-answer session. To ask a question during the session, you will need to press the star then the one key on your phone. If you require operator assistance, please press star then zero. I would now like to hand the conference over to your speaker host, David Trone, Senior Vice President of Investor Relations.

David Trone, Senior Vice President of Investor Relations

Thank you. Welcome to Intapp's Second Quarter Fiscal Year 2022 Earnings Conference Call. On the call with me today are John Hall, Chairman and CEO of Intapp, and Steve Robertson, Chief Financial Officer. During the course of this conference call we may make forward-looking statements regarding trends, strategies, and the anticipated performance of our business. These forward-looking statements are based on management's current views and expectations until certain assumptions made as of today's date and are subject to various risks and uncertainties described in our SEC filings and other publicly available documents. Intapp disclaims any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements. Further on today's call, we will also discuss certain non-GAAP metrics that we believe aid in the understanding of our financial results. A reconciliation to comparable GAAP metrics can be found in today's earnings release, which is available on our website and as an exhibit to the Form 8-K furnished with the SEC prior to this call. With that, I'll hand the conversation over to John.

John Hall, CEO

Thank you. And welcome to the team, David. Good afternoon, everyone. Thank you for joining us. We ended our fiscal second quarter and calendar year 2021 with continued dedication to our corporate mission. To enable professional and financial services firms to better connect their people, processes, and data through our AI-powered software solutions. As a reminder for those of you who may be new to our story, our team has focused on this sector for more than 20 years. Our clients are the professionals who work in the large professional and financial services firms that were traditionally organized as partnerships. This is a large global industry that brings in $3 trillion in fees every year. But it has been underserved and overlooked by the technology industry because its firms are organized differently than the traditional corporations that make up the rest of the technology market. Traditional corporate employees tend to be organized into functional departments like sales, finance, or IT. Their workflows and data needs are specialized to those functions. In contrast, the professional clients whom we serve grow their careers by developing and leveraging individually specialized knowledge and expertise about their chosen domain. Our professionals drive their career success and their firm's success by leveraging that expertise to develop and build key investor and client relationships, to grow and retain business with those clients, and ultimately to deliver great results and returns for their clients on a wide range of projects. The unique working model that these professionals execute every day is different from the traditional sales or operations department workflows that traditional CRM and ERP systems were designed for. We've built our Cloud based on 20 years of working directly with these firms. Intapp’s purpose-built industry Cloud understands these professionals' focus to build and develop their own area of expertise and then arms them with the modern power of AI to help them make better, more market data-driven, more insightful, and more competitive judgments and recommendations. Intapp has built the modern industry Cloud for the global professional and financial services industry. Today, professional and financial services firms are rapidly adopting Cloud for several reasons, including seeking greater agility to respond to market changes, improving access to data, and market intelligence, and better connecting their global workforce and the broader ecosystem. We've established a trusted brand in these markets due to our deep knowledge of their unique workflows and our industry-leading technology architecture. With our reputation and our specialized product strategy, we are focused on leading the cloud transformation for these firms. The market demand and acceptance of our cloud solution is evident. In our second quarter, our Cloud ARR grew 52% to $135.3 million. Cloud now represents 56% of our total ARR of $240 million, which is up 27% year-over-year. We earned SaaS and support revenue of $47 million, up 36% year-over-year, and total revenue of $64.7 million, up 30% year-over-year. We ended December serving over 2,000 firms in over 40 countries around the globe. During our November call, I outlined several of our unique technology capabilities and how they directly address the critical needs of our clients. Today, I'll share a bit about our go-to-market organization to better illustrate how we interact with clients and prospects to drive demand for our solutions and deliver client success. We have evolved a unique go-to-market model to serve this industry based on our two decades of focus on the professional investors and advisors who work in these firms. Leveraging our go-to-market organization, our entire business has moved to a SaaS model, and we are enabling our target industry to make its own digital transformation to the Cloud. This shift to the Cloud is both accelerating our growth and improving outcomes for our clients, which drives the virtuous cycle of continued adoption and net revenue retention. Our client-facing teams include industry experts themselves, who have deep sector knowledge specific to the private capital, investment banking, legal, accounting, and consulting markets. Our integrated sales and marketing programs at the industry level drive repeatable and predictable pipeline growth through both inbound lead generation and cross-selling programs. Our go-to-market team applies both account expertise and solution expertise resources to this pipeline to surround each opportunity. Our sales engineering experts focus on key solution use cases such as coverage management, relationship management, deal management, marketing and business development, operations and finance, and risk and compliance. Our ability to deliver unique proposals, demonstrations, and business cases to our clients is a significant competitive advantage and leaves high win rates in all of our markets. For example, our team recently won a strategic opportunity at IQ EQ, a leading investor services group with over 3,700 global employees and assets under administration of over $500 billion. Our solution will help enhance the relationship management capabilities of the firm. The ability of our services and technology teams to configure our platform to the unique use cases of IQ EQ was critical to both winning the business and driving success for the client. The new platform will support information sharing, firm-wide knowledge capture and expanded visibility into client relationships to help the IQ EQ team better support the expanding needs of clients. Our industry experts in presales and services bring this to life for clients like IQ EQ. This investment in our own deep bench of market expertise, building a unique team over many years who know and are known in this market, represents a sustainable competitive advantage for Intapp. Our go-to-market strategy has also developed ways to successfully engage with firms of different sizes. We generally offer smaller firms our full platform and its suite of solutions, enabling the firm to build its operations around our industry Cloud. And we grow users with the firm as we bring out new functionality. For example, Graphite Capital, a leading U.K. mid-market private equity firm, recently selected our Cloud platform to boost the efficiency of their deal, value creation, and investor relations teams. This is a good example of our integrated marketing, sales, and technical engagement with clients. After a series of discovery meetings supported by our marketing program, our sales and sales engineering teams showcased the potential of the technology for the firm's leaders. Working collaboratively with the client, we prioritize use cases that are most important to the firm's strategy, and we're now in the process of deploying those. We will continue to work with them over time to support their evolving needs as the firm grows. Larger firms often select a phased approach to adopting the Intapp cloud platform. We recently onboarded an independent global business advisory firm with over 6,000 employees. During the sales discovery process, we identified a specific use case to support improved compliance around their business intake process, with a focus on some complex regulatory requirements in Europe. Our pursuit required a deep understanding of EU regulations, sophisticated technical demonstrations, and a strong integration with their existing enterprise IT strategy. Working collaboratively with the firm's experts, we identified a strategy for our cloud platform to both solve their immediate requirements and to set the firm up for additional adoption over time. We see significant growth opportunity within our clients as we expand upselling with more adoption and cross-selling with new solutions. As we expressed in our S-1, we believe there is over $1 billion in expansion revenue opportunity in our top 100 clients alone. We invest in both client support and client relationship management to ensure that we continue to delight our clients. For example, a large global law firm and a long-standing Intapp client using multiple Intapp solutions recently sought to modernize their approach to handling conflicts, business intake, and overall risk management. They will soon deploy Intapp's cloud solutions for risks and intake, which will allow them to move faster to support client needs while ensuring full adherence to complex regulatory requirements. As part of this project, we are also helping the firm accelerate cloud migration for their on-prem Intapp solutions to our industry cloud. Our go-to-market also includes a strong client marketing program. In Q2, we hosted Intapp connects '21, our annual user conference. Over a two-day period, more than 1,700 registered guests attended keynotes and sessions led by experts and peers in the professional and financial services industry. Leaders from multiple sectors discussed the changing landscape and how to find opportunities, build the right teams, and harvest knowledge to drive better outcomes. This event is just one way our continued go-to-market program engages our clients in strategic discussions around how they can modernize and adopt solutions that better connect their people, processes, and data. These examples illustrate our industry-specific go-to-market function and rely on a few key Intapp advantages. First, our low-code platform is designed for the industry and is configurable for each firm, allowing each client's unique needs to be served without requiring custom code. Next, our investment in experts with experience in these industries who can help identify and showcase how our technology supports and meets the requirements of industry-specific use cases for each client. Next, our services and client success teams, along with our partner ecosystem, focus on not just successful deployment, but successful adoption of our solutions. Finally, in concert with our clients over the past 20 years, we have developed a unique go-to-market approach that meets the needs of these special partner-led firms. We have developed a well-earned reputation as a trusted provider within our client community. And today we often generate new business through network effects within this community. Our long-standing client relationships act as a significant driver of new opportunities for us as professionals move between firms. We believe our unique go-to-market model, designed to serve the specific needs of this industry, is a sustainable, long-term competitive advantage. Our teams are working across the firm with the technology and departmental leaders that support the firm and the professionals themselves. As our industry accelerates its move to the Cloud, our teams will guide all these constituents on how to best take advantage of the transformation. As we mentioned on our last call, over the past year we have invested in building out a larger, integrated go-to-market function to pursue our large and growing TAM. We will continue to invest as long as we see opportunity for growth, particularly to ensure that we remain the leader as our clients make the move to the cloud. We hired aggressively in Q2, and we are bullish that these new hires will help us to continue to capitalize on the market opportunity in front of us. As our cloud continues to grow, we're able to drive further growth through adoption and expansion of the sticky long-term subscription revenue. I will now turn the call over to Steve to discuss our financial results.

Stephen Robertson, CFO

Thanks, John, and thanks everyone for joining us today. Before I go through the numbers, I'd like to quickly review a few fundamentals of our financial model. As John discussed, the professional and financial firms that we serve are rapidly adopting purpose-built cloud solutions. Today, nearly all of our new customer wins are for cloud solutions, and recurring revenue makes up approximately 85% to 90% of our total revenue. We believe Cloud ARR and total ARR metrics are good indicators of the consistent growth of our annual recurring software business. For the second quarter of Fiscal 2022, our cloud ARR grew 52% year-over-year, and our total ARR grew 27% year-over-year. In terms of revenue recognition, Cloud ARR is recognized as SaaS revenue rateably following a new sale or renewal. On-premises ARR is recognized in two parts: 50% as subscription license revenue, recognized upfront at the time of the sale or renewal, and 50% as support revenue, recognized rateably and included in our SaaS and support revenue line. Because it is recognized rateably, SaaS and support revenue will generally be more predictable quarter to quarter. In contrast, subscription license revenue can vary quarter-to-quarter because it is recognized as revenue episodically, when the subscription licenses are initially delivered or renewed. Okay. Moving to our numbers. Q2 was another strong quarter for Intapp as follows. Total revenue was $64.7 million, up 30% year-over-year, driven primarily by continued strong sales of our Cloud solutions and solid growth in professional services revenue. SaaS and support revenue was $47 million, up 36% year-over-year, reflecting both new sales to new clients and upsells and cross-sales to existing clients of Intapp purpose-built cloud solutions. Subscription license revenue was $9.3 million compared to $9.8 million in the prior year period, primarily reflecting renewals of on-premises subscription licenses. As noted previously, this revenue line item is somewhat variable on a quarterly basis. Professional services revenue was $8.4 million compared to $5.2 million in the prior year period, reflecting implementations of new software in a more normalized market as compared to the COVID-influenced prior year period. Overall, we continue to execute our land and expand model, ending the quarter with more than 2,000 clients, 467 of which had ARR of more than $100,000, up from 380 in the prior year period. In addition, we upsold and cross-sold our existing clients such that our trailing 12 months net revenue retention rate was above our expected range of 108% to 112% for the second quarter in a row. Before discussing gross margins, expenses, and profitability, please note that I will be discussing non-GAAP results going forward. As a reminder, our GAAP financial results, along with a reconciliation between GAAP and non-GAAP results, can be found in our earnings press release and its supplemental financial tables. Gross margin was 68.5% as compared to 68.9% in the prior year period, reflecting a slight mixed shift in the current period. For our recurring revenue solutions, gross margin was up modestly year-over-year to 82.5%. Operating expenses were $44.5 million, a $12.3 million increase year-over-year as we continue to invest in sales, marketing, and product development to support our growth. As compared to the prior year's quarter, this spend reflects expenses of being a publicly traded company, as well as a more normalized spending pattern than during the Second Quarter of fiscal 2021 when we were still prudently managing the uncertainty of the COVID pandemic. Sales and marketing expenses were $18.7 million, a $5.5 million increase year-over-year as a function of increased headcount and sales commission investments to capture new business in our growing markets. R&D expense was $13.1 million, a $2.0 million increase year-over-year as we increased headcount and made investments in our product roadmap. G&A expense was $12.6 million, a $4.8 million increase year-over-year in line with expected expense increases associated with being a publicly traded company. The non-GAAP operating loss was $0.2 million as compared to our Second Quarter fiscal 2021 operating profit of $2.0 million, primarily reflecting the year-over-year increase in operating expenses just discussed. The non-GAAP net loss per share was fractionally negative in the second quarter of FY ‘22 as compared to a loss of $0.12 in the second quarter of fiscal 2021, primarily reflecting a year-over-year reduction in interest expense and an increase in the weighted average share count. Turning to the balance sheet, we ended the second quarter with $56.0 million in cash and cash equivalents, an increase of $18.4 million from the end of fiscal 2021, and $0 debt outstanding. Accounts receivable decreased by $8.1 million since the end of fiscal 2021, in line with the expected seasonality of our billings and collections. In our last quarter, we told you that we would forward invest in growth, and we did so through strong go-to-market hiring during Q2. However, a number of our Q2 hires pushed to their start dates to January, and Omicron-related factors temporarily reduced our T&E and marketing program expenses for Q2, a trend we expect will abate in Q3. Because of these factors, and because we continue to see opportunities to forward invest in sales, marketing, and R&D to drive further growth, we are raising our profitability guidance somewhat moderately at this time. We expect to manage the business for positive free cash flow while running modest operating losses in line with our previous guidance for the next few quarters. Now turning to guidance. For the third quarter of Fiscal '22, we expect SaaS and support revenue of between $47 million and $48 million and total revenue in the range of $65 million to $66 million. We expect a non-GAAP operating loss in the range of $5 million to $6 million and a non-GAAP net loss per share in the range of $0.09 to $0.11 using a basic share count of approximately 61 million common shares outstanding. For the full year fiscal '22, we expect SaaS and support revenue of between $185 million and $189 million and total revenue in the range of $258 million to $262 million. We also expect a non-GAAP operating loss in the range of $11 million to $15 million and a non-GAAP net loss per share in the range of $0.24 to $0.28 using a basic share count weighted for fiscal year '22 of approximately 61 million common shares outstanding. With that, John and I look forward to taking your questions.

Operator, Operator

Ladies and gentlemen, now our first question is coming from the line of Jackson Ader. Your line is open.

Jackson Ader, Analyst

Great. Thanks for taking our questions, guys. The first one is on the net new logo growth. So if we look at the 50 or so that you added in the quarter, could you maybe give us a sense for what are some of the top-end markets that contribute to that 50 new logos?

Stephen Robertson, CFO

Well, Jackson, let me take that. Thanks, and good to hear you today. Most of our new logos generally in a quarter are driven in the financial services business where we have both private capital markets and investment banking and other financial clients. There are numerous of them and we have some real momentum there. We tend to have fewer new logos in our professional services segments where we've been in business longer and where much of our sales opportunity tends to be more of an upsell or cross-sell nature than new logos per se.

Jackson Ader, Analyst

Okay. Perfect. That actually leads into the second question about the net revenue retention being above the 108 to 112 range. What is driving this? Are existing law firms or professional services adding other lines of business or geographies? Are they introducing new products at a faster rate than expected? What is contributing to the upside to the 112?

Stephen Robertson, CFO

Well, what we're seeing really is some pretty balanced good sales motions across the board. And in financial services, that typically leans towards upsell of additional users, where people have achieved success in the implementation. And it's working well, and more people want to sign up for it. In professional services in legal and elsewhere, it's typically cross-sell of additional product functionality. And there's lots of opportunity there. So it's a fairly balanced contribution from both. And yes, it's been better than our range here, two quarters in a row. So we continue to look at that and are pleased with it.

Jackson Ader, Analyst

Okay, great. Thanks for taking my question.

Stephen Robertson, CFO

Yeah.

Operator, Operator

Now our next question is coming from the line of Koji Ikeda. Your line is open.

Koji Ikeda, Analyst

Hey, John and Steve. Thanks for taking my questions. Really great quarter. I wanted to build on that last question from Jackson. So NRR was above that 108 to 112 range second straight quarter there, so great news. When would you feel comfortable maybe raising that range? And then digging in a little bit more, on this quarter for the NRR, was it higher than last quarter? So any sort of color there would be helpful.

John Hall, CEO

Sure. Well, I think it's fair to say that if we see this kind of sustained success by next quarter, there's a chance we would consider changing this, revising somewhat next quarter, Koji. We were right around where we were last quarter, to be honest. We were just as good if not slightly better than last quarter. So we're optimistic about that. And we just want to be careful with the trends we see and it works out quarter to quarter, but really good business firing on all cylinders here, right now across the board.

Koji Ikeda, Analyst

Thank you. Regarding the Cloud side of ARR, I appreciate the insight on new logos from financial services. With the 50% growth for the second consecutive quarter, can you clarify if this growth is primarily driven by DealCloud at OnePlace, and whether it's more related to financial services compared to professional services? How should we interpret the sources of strength in the Cloud ARR growth?

John Hall, CEO

Well, now really it is pretty balanced on an absolute dollar basis between the two, if you will. I think that as we said before, just based on where the two parts of the business started and their history and size and so forth, there's a little bit quicker growth in financial services than in professional services on a sort of a percentage growth rate basis. But we're getting pretty good and pretty balanced contribution from both as part of the Cloud growth. As you know, all the new sales are Cloud, they're coming from those two twin engines, if you will.

Koji Ikeda, Analyst

Got it. Got it. Thanks guys. Thanks for taking my questions. Appreciate it.

John Hall, CEO

You bet.

Operator, Operator

Our next question is coming from the line of Kevin McVeigh. Your line is open.

Kevin McVeigh, Analyst

Thanks so much. And let me add my congratulations as well. Just to follow up on the client success, it seems like you're capturing a larger percentage of clients where they are over 100,000. Can you help us understand what the average client size is today in terms of employees and how that's been trending over the last couple of quarters?

Stephen Robertson, CFO

Well, I'm not sure I have employees and an average size for you in terms of ARR obviously, if you just divide our ARR by the 2,000 plus clients, so you'll see that the average for the business is over $100,000 but there's a spread there. In terms of employee size, I don't want to hazard a number for you. John, you may have some color you would add there.

John Hall, CEO

Well, the range of firms that we sell to today that we count on our client base goes from a handful of people at a just started private capital firm, maybe five to 20 people at the small end. The largest firms are the global investment or advisory firms, including the Big Four, which could have 180,000 to 200,000 employees. So the platform does scale. We've built it in a way that supports the largest firms in the world, and then we get the Cloud benefit of being able to provide that level of capability and AI power down to the smallest just-started firms. So our go-to-market is organized by industry, but also by firm size. And we engage a little bit differently depending on the scale of the firm, but overall, we're able to address the big chunk of the professional financial services market globally. So we're excited about the progress that we're making and winning clients of these different sizes because it shows the growth potential of the business into the market.

Kevin McVeigh, Analyst

That's great. That's great. And then it seems like given the acceleration in the revenue, help us maybe dimensionalize it. Not really any kind of COVID-related pull-forward, just given the continued acceleration. Is that fair? I mean, from an implementation or just overall client spend perspective.

Stephen Robertson, CFO

There’s no pull forward from the next quarter, if that’s what you’re asking. There are some COVID-related comparisons if you look back at the full year and quarter-over-quarter. However, we are currently operating in a normalized and favorable business environment. That’s our primary focus right now.

Kevin McVeigh, Analyst

Great. Congrats again.

Stephen Robertson, CFO

Thanks.

Operator, Operator

Our next question is coming from the line of Brian Peterson of Raymond James. Your line is open.

Brian Peterson, Analyst

Well, thanks, gentlemen. And I'll echo my congrats on the strong results. So first one, John, I'm curious, regarding the user conference. Anything that you can share in terms of customer conversations or pipeline or any kind of developments from the pipeline in terms of how that may play out over the next few years.

John Hall, CEO

Thanks, Brian. The Intapp Connect ‘21 event was a fantastic event. We had 1,700 folks attend from across all the sub-verticals that we call on. One of the interesting things that came out of it was how common and shared the challenges were for these firms that have a little bit of a different specialty each one, but the professionals are grappling with the same issues and the business services teams that support the firms are grappling with the same issues. So there was a lot of enthusiasm across the sub-verticals to work together on discussing common opportunities for technology transformation. So that was a big theme that came out of it. There also was a real discussion of the impact of COVID on opening the eyes of these firms to digital transformation, to the Cloud, and to better enabling dispersed or hybrid workforces. So a lot of the conversations were reinforcing what we've been experiencing, which is that these firms, through COVID, have shifted some of their focus towards better technology enablement and digital transformation for their people to compete in a changed environment. So there's a lot of discussion about that too. To your question about pipeline, it was a very successful event for us. A lot of new attendees that we had not met before, as well as a lot of our installed base coming and people referring to each other to get into the Intapp community. So we're encouraged by the enthusiasm for what we're doing out there. And I think you're seeing some of it flow through to some of the results.

Brian Peterson, Analyst

That's great to hear, and maybe a follow-up for Steve. I know you mentioned some of the hiring efforts, and we'll see those investments start to kick off in the third quarter here. How do we think about that investment intensity in a go-to-market effort, especially as we're thinking about a couple of years out? Should we expect that to continue going forward, or should we start to see some benefits of those in the coming years? Thanks, guys.

Stephen Robertson, CFO

Yes. We are continuing to forward invest when we can in sales and marketing. As we've said last quarter, we've had some success here so far this year, and that continues. We are adding to our sales and marketing resources at north of a 25% annualized growth rate at the moment. And I think that since we see so much opportunity right now, we're going to continue to look to do that. And there's hiring and ramp up time and so on that's part of the mix. So productivity improves after someone starts and it gets better. But we're optimistic, and we'll continue to do that going forward as we see this market opportunity in front of us.

Brian Peterson, Analyst

Thank you.

Operator, Operator

Our next question is coming from the line of Parker Lane. Your line is open.

Unidentified Analyst, Analyst

Hi guys, this is Matthew Kicker on for Parker. Really impressive numbers, specifically, from quarter ARR keeping that north of 50%. And you gave some great detail as well, breaking down financial services, you're seeing more interest there with professional services and a bit of a mix from Cloud migration net new logos, but I want to get a little bit into maybe the timing of the onboarding process for each of those segments. From first point-of-contact with the client all the way to when they're being added into the platform, what does that length of time look like? And is it different based on each of those segments that I mentioned?

John Hall, CEO

So thanks, Matthew. The question is, how long does it take us to onboard new clients when we win them?

Unidentified Analyst, Analyst

Yes, exactly, and if it's different versus professional services or financial services or cloud migration versus net new logo.

John Hall, CEO

Yeah. So for the smaller firms it's faster, and for the larger firms, it takes longer, obviously, because they're more complex environments that we're integrating into. On average, if you look across the whole client base on all scenarios, it's about a six to nine month process, which is weighted towards the larger ones. For the smaller firms that we're getting up and running, we can do it in 30 to 60 days, so there's a very rapid experience for the smaller organizations, but on average, you're looking at something like 6 to 9 months across the whole client base.

Unidentified Analyst, Analyst

Okay. That’s great information. Does that impact how you're investing in your sales capacity? Also, does the approach to your go-to-market strategy vary depending on any of the four segments mentioned?

John Hall, CEO

In terms of how we're investing in the go-to-market team?

Unidentified Analyst, Analyst

Yeah.

John Hall, CEO

By segment or firm size?

Unidentified Analyst, Analyst

Yeah, exactly. How does that breakdown affect how you're investing in those different teams?

John Hall, CEO

Yeah, we are growing the teams pretty consistently because we see strong, balanced growth across the different firm sizes and segments. Obviously, as we bring on a lot of new clients that we didn't have before, we're also adding people for support and client success to support the new client relationships. So you'll see a little bit of waiting in investment there to make sure that we are in position not just to win the client, but to take care of them and to grow the accounts from there. So it's pretty balanced with some emphasis where we're winning new clients.

Unidentified Analyst, Analyst

Okay, great. Thank you.

Operator, Operator

Our next question is coming from the line of Terry Tillman. Your line is now open.

Terry Tillman, Analyst

Thank you, and congratulations to everyone. Hi John, Steve, and David. I have two questions. First, I’ve previously asked you, John, about the benefits companies experience when going public. You have established relationships with some major financial and professional services firms. Three months post-IPO, I’m curious how you’re progressing with larger transformational deals, particularly $1 million engagements with these bigger firms. Now that you’re public and have financials available, I wonder how that’s impacting your activities, especially since you don’t have debt.

John Hall, CEO

Thanks Terry. We are pleased with the visibility that the IPO has given us. It continues to help us in winning larger clients. We gave a couple of examples of client wins, including some that were quite large this quarter. And I think that the public visibility really helps in that regard. We also are seeing some growth in our existing clients that we had won as a private company before IPO, but we have visibility to higher levels of the organization now. And that's helping us. For the larger transformational type deals we're increasingly working on these cloud transformations for the larger firms. Obviously, it takes them longer to lay out that road map. But we're making pretty consistent progress in bringing our clients to the Cloud for the first time in a bunch of areas, and we're excited about what that means for them and for our future.

Terry Tillman, Analyst

That sounds good. As a follow-up, is this an education question for me? What kind of correlation do you observe when we consider financial services or even professional services, perhaps in the legal sector? It's uncertain how the rest of the year will unfold, but with capital markets or investment banking fees, as volatility decreases and some of the positive trends in those industries start to diminish, could there be an opportunity for them to not feel as pressured or overwhelmed by business demands? Might they have more time to evaluate software, or am I being overly optimistic? Do things typically slow down if fees start to decline? I'm trying to gain a better understanding of how your business might correlate with the broader market. Thank you.

John Hall, CEO

Yes. Thank you. One of the interesting examples that we can look back to is the 2008 to 2009 recession. And those firms did choose that time to make pretty meaningful investments in their infrastructure. We're benefiting today obviously from strong markets that are going on. But one of the reasons we like this end market is that these firms have multiple strategies and practices that they pursue and they tend to shift their business internally as the business cycles occur. You mentioned law firms; law firms will switch from doing deals and financing to doing litigation and restructuring and that sort of thing. And we found that we grew right through the last recession. So we're not predicting anything on the background economy, but I think we're well-positioned to handle it with this end market as things go maybe better than a lot of other companies that might take a harder hit.

Terry Tillman, Analyst

Got it. Thank you.

Operator, Operator

And our next question is coming from the line of Brian Schwartz. Your line is open.

Brian Schwartz, Analyst

Yeah. Hi Steve and John, thanks for taking my question this afternoon. I have a macro question for John. When you're thinking about all the puts and takes of everything that you've been talking about on the call here this afternoon. If you look out to this year, so 2022, would you say in aggregate that you're expecting the demand environment to be stronger, weaker, or the same than what you had in 2021?

Stephen Robertson, CFO

Well, compared to calendar 2021, it's definitely a stronger environment. I mean, we're seeing that just in these numbers that we're showing. Our professional services line, most obviously came back from a period when the firms were really paused, not knowing what's going on with COVID. So I think just quantitatively, we're seeing a stronger environment. That being said, we also see the firms have made a pretty significant switch here to investing in technology and going through the Cloud transformation, looking forward, past 2022 and to 2023. Folks are really thinking about this strategically in a way that people always talked about the importance of technology in these firms, the importance of professionals in accordance to their clients. But I think it's sunk in here. So we're excited about what's happening. The business is really, as Steve said, firing on all four cylinders. But I think looking ahead, there's good demand for us. We're encouraged by what we're seeing.

Brian Schwartz, Analyst

I have a follow-up question for Steve. Could you elaborate further on where these growth investments are being allocated? It seems like they are directed towards sales and marketing. Are these investments going into advertising, capacity expansion, or marketing in new markets? It would be helpful if you could provide more details on where these growth investments are being increased. Thank you.

Stephen Robertson, CFO

Yes, certainly. I think our focus is primarily on our sales team and their capacity, along with support in the field because, as John mentioned, we see good opportunities that we want to capitalize on. Additionally, we are investing in marketing and related areas. We held a significant conference in the fall, but the Omicron variant impacted our spending to some extent, which likely explains our lower expenses in Q2. However, we recognize opportunities across various areas. Overall, while our investments are balanced, there is a slight emphasis on enhancing sales capacity and field support for our sales initiatives.

Brian Schwartz, Analyst

Thank you very much.

Operator, Operator

And we have a follow-up question from Jackson Ader. Your line is open.

Jackson Ader, Analyst

Thank you. I have a quick follow-up regarding one of the upsell responses you provided earlier. Within larger investment banks or private equity funds, how small can the focus area be? Is it limited to a specific team in equity capital markets, and can it extend to debt capital markets and beyond? Does it vary by fund in private equity? I’m curious about the depth of potential engagement with some of these larger clients. Thank you.

Stephen Robertson, CFO

Yes. I'll take a shot at that, and maybe John can elaborate. Jackson, I think we can land, as John said, 20 people. And that could be division or a small section of a firm or it could be a part of one unit there. And then we can expand from there. So it can be relatively, if that's what you consider that relatively small, we can also land quite a bit bigger than that, obviously. And we would like to, generally speaking, but I think we are efficient and effective enough, and we've seen enough success that, that is often a good way for us to go. And our John can elaborate on that.

John Hall, CEO

Yeah, in the bigger institutions, particularly as partnership firms are the ones that have a history as partnerships. There's a lot of independent decision-making, and that actually plays strongly to our advantage. Because we can win footprint in some of these firms and start to show success, improve success with some very influential small groups that can make their own call on what they bring in. So we're pragmatic about that and we're finding that it's very successful, once the rest of the organization starts to see what we're doing and how different it is from the existing environment, we start to grow. And that's a key part of our overall strategy.

Jackson Ader, Analyst

Yes. Okay, great. That makes a ton of sense. Thank you.

Operator, Operator

I am showing no further questions at this time. I would now like to turn the call back over to Mr. Hall for any closing remarks.

John Hall, CEO

Okay. Thank you all for joining us. We appreciate your time, as always. We're excited about the opportunity in front of us and we're looking forward to talking to you again in Q3.

Operator, Operator

Ladies and gentlemen, that ends our conference for today. Thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect.