10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024

OR

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-40542

Mister Car Wash, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	47-1393909
(State or other jurisdiction of<br><br>incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer<br>Identification No.)
222 E. 5th Street<br><br>Tucson, Arizona	85705
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (520) 615-4000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading<br><br>Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share	MCW	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of October 30, 2024, the registrant had 322,249,966 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, outstanding.

Table of Contents

		Page
	FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS	2
PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)
	Consolidated Balance Sheets	3
	Consolidated Statements of Operations	4
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	5
	Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity	6
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	7
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	20
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	29
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	29
PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	30
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	30
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	30
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	30
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	30
Item 5.	Other Information	30
Item 6.	Exhibits	31
Signatures		32

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). All statements other than statements of present and historical facts contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including without limitation, statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, business strategy and approach are forward-looking. You can generally identify forward-looking statements by our use of forward-looking terminology such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “seek,” or “should,” or the negative thereof or comparable terminology.

Forward-looking statements are based on our management’s beliefs and assumptions and on information currently available to us. Such beliefs and assumptions may or may not prove to be correct. Additionally, such forward-looking statements are subject to a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions, and actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q due to various factors, including, but not limited to, those identified in Part I. Item 1A. “Risk Factors” and in Part II. Item 7. “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 (the “2023 Form 10-K”) and in Part I. Item 2. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to:

• An overall decline in the health of the economy and other factors impacting consumer spending, such as natural disasters, the occurrence of a recession, inflation and worsening in economic conditions may affect consumer purchases and reduce demand for our services.
• Our ability to attract new customers, retain existing customers and maintain or grow the number of Unlimited Wash Club ® (“UWC”) Members.
• If we are unable to compete successfully against other companies and operators in our industry, including our ability to acquire, open and operate new locations in a timely and cost-effective manner, we may lose customers and market share and our revenues may decline.
• We may not be able to successfully implement our growth strategies on a timely basis or at all.
• We are subject to a number of risks and regulations related to credit card and debit card payments we accept.
• Supply chain disruption and other increased operating costs could materially and adversely affect our results of operations.
• Our locations may experience difficulty hiring and retaining key or sufficient qualified personnel or increases in labor costs.
• We lease or sublease the land and buildings where a number of our locations are situated, which could expose us to possible liabilities and losses.
• Our indebtedness could adversely affect our financial health and competitive position.
• Our business is subject to various laws and regulations, including environmental, and changes in such laws and regulations, or failure to comply with existing or future laws and regulations, could adversely affect our business.
• We are subject to data security and privacy risks that could negatively impact our results of operations or reputation.
• We may be unable to adequately protect, and we may incur significant costs in enforcing or defending, our intellectual property and other proprietary rights.
• Our stock price may be volatile or may decline regardless of our operating performance, resulting in substantial losses for investors purchasing shares of our common stock.

Given these and other risks and uncertainties applicable to us, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. In addition, even if our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, and events in the industry in which we operate, are consistent with the forward-looking statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, they may not be indicative of results or developments in future periods.

Any forward-looking statement that we make in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q speaks only as of the date of such statement. Except as required by law, we do not undertake any obligation to update or revise, or to publicly announce any update or revision to, any of the forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, unless otherwise stated or the context requires otherwise, references to “Mister Car Wash,” “Mister,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our,” refer to Mister Car Wash, Inc. and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.

Item 1. Financial Statements.

Mister Car Wash, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)		December 31, 2023
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	16,478	$	19,047
Accounts receivable, net	2,835		6,304
Other receivables	15,422		14,714
Inventory, net	5,491		8,952
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	12,559		11,877
Total current assets	52,785		60,894
Property and equipment, net	870,903		725,121
Operating lease right of use assets, net	857,861		833,547
Other intangible assets, net	113,139		117,667
Goodwill	1,134,734		1,134,734
Other assets	16,450		9,573
Total assets	3,045,872	$	2,881,536
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	44,715	$	33,641
Accrued payroll and related expenses	30,265		19,771
Other accrued expenses	26,793		38,738
Current maturities of long-term debt	9,250		–
Current maturities of operating lease liability	47,195		43,979
Current maturities of finance lease liability	811		746
Deferred revenue	34,639		32,686
Total current liabilities	193,668		169,561
Long-term portion of debt, net	931,046		897,424
Operating lease liability	826,213		809,409
Financing lease liability	13,473		14,033
Deferred tax liability	97,499		71,657
Other long-term liabilities	4,570		4,417
Total liabilities	2,066,469		1,966,501
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, 0.01 par value, 1,000,000,000 shares authorized, 322,239,140 and 315,192,401 shares outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively	3,228		3,157
Additional paid-in capital	820,498		817,271
Retained earnings	155,677		94,607
Total stockholders’ equity	979,403		915,035
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	3,045,872	$	2,881,536

All values are in US Dollars.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Mister Car Wash, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024			2023		2024			2023
Net revenues	$	249,329		$	234,076	$	743,555		$	696,930
Cost of labor and chemicals		73,617			72,760		217,966			210,376
Other store operating expenses		102,607			90,514		298,953			270,317
General and administrative		25,436			26,426		80,058			78,438
(Gain) loss on sale of assets, net		(1,916	)		1,321		(552	)		(3,470	)
Total costs and expenses		199,744			191,021		596,425			555,661
Operating income		49,585			43,055		147,130			141,269
Other (income) expense:
Interest expense, net		20,653			19,100		60,931			55,143
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-			-		1,882			-
Other income		-			-		(5,189	)		-
Total other expense, net		20,653			19,100		57,624			55,143
Income before taxes		28,932			23,955		89,506			86,126
Income tax provision		6,590			4,470		28,436			18,373
Net income	$	22,342		$	19,485	$	61,070		$	67,753
Earnings per share:
Basic	$	0.07		$	0.06	$	0.19		$	0.22
Diluted	$	0.07		$	0.06	$	0.19		$	0.21
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Basic		321,917,525			312,883,586		319,067,596			309,850,600
Diluted		329,299,326			328,844,569		329,222,641			328,265,878

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Mister Car Wash, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Amounts in thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024			2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	61,070		$	67,753
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization expense		61,038			51,418
Stock-based compensation expense		18,843			17,643
Gain on sale of assets, net		(552	)		(3,470	)
Loss on extinguishment of debt		1,882			-
Amortization of debt issuance costs		961			1,270
Non-cash lease expense		36,557			33,337
Deferred income tax		25,842			14,748
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net		3,469			(1,874	)
Other receivables		(7,012	)		212
Inventory, net		3,461			88
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(605	)		(408	)
Accounts payable		11,629			3,777
Accrued expenses		11,850			8,170
Deferred revenue		1,954			3,288
Operating lease liability		(31,811	)		(29,689	)
Other noncurrent assets and liabilities		264			(777	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		198,840			165,486
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment		(259,896	)		(218,692	)
Acquisition of car wash operations, net of cash acquired		-			(51,890	)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment		36,431			96,930
Net cash used in investing activities		(223,465	)		(173,652	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under employee plans		3,742			6,176
Payments of tax withholding on option exercises		(19,290	)		-
Proceeds from debt borrowings		925,000			-
Proceeds from revolving line of credit		186,000			-
Payments on debt borrowings		(903,513	)		-
Payments on revolving line of credit		(164,000	)		-
Payments of deferred financing costs		(5,257	)		-
Principal payments on finance lease obligations		(552	)		(492	)
Other financing activities		-			(500	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		22,130			5,184
Net change in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash during period		(2,495	)		(2,982	)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period		19,119			65,222
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	16,624		$	62,240
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash to the consolidated balance sheets
Cash and cash equivalents		16,478			62,133
Restricted cash, included in prepaid expenses and other current assets		146			107
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	16,624		$	62,240
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	$	60,436		$	56,164
Cash paid for income taxes	$	2,267		$	2,409
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Property and equipment in accounts payable	$	17,352		$	15,167
Property and equipment in other accrued expenses	$	-		$	16,439
Stock option exercise proceeds in other receivables	$	1		$	17

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Mister Car Wash, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024

	Common Stock						Additional Paid-in Capital			Retained Earnings		Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares			Amount
Balance as of December 31, 2023		315,192,401		$	3,157		$	817,271		$	94,607	$	915,035
Stock-based compensation expense		-			-			6,246			-		6,246
Vesting of restricted stock units		139,409			1			(1	)		-		-
Exercise of stock options		4,116,291			42			704			-		746
Tax withholding on option exercises		(1,613,019	)		(16	)		(9,924	)		-		(9,940	)
Net income		-			-			-			16,637		16,637
Balance as of March 31, 2024		317,835,082		$	3,184		$	814,296		$	111,244	$	928,724
Stock-based compensation expense		-			-			5,906			-		5,906
Issuance of common stock under employee plans		232,136			2			1,411			-		1,413
Vesting of restricted stock units		1,114,106			11			(11	)		-		-
Exercise of stock options		3,599,539			36			625			-		661
Tax withholding on option exercises		(1,385,675	)		(13	)		(9,382	)		-		(9,395	)
Net income		-			-			-			22,091		22,091
Balance as of June 30, 2024		321,395,188		$	3,220		$	812,845		$	133,335	$	949,400
Stock-based compensation expense		-			-			6,691			-		6,691
Exercise of stock options		843,952			8			962			-		970
Net income		-			-			-			22,342		22,342
Balance as of September 30, 2024		322,239,140		$	3,228		$	820,498		$	155,677	$	979,403

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023

	Common Stock				Additional Paid-in Capital			Retained Earnings		Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares		Amount
Balance as of December 31, 2022		306,626,530	$	3,072	$	783,579		$	14,477	$	801,128
Stock-based compensation expense		-		-		5,361			-		5,361
Vesting of restricted stock units		4,296		-		-			-		-
Exercise of stock options		1,471,021		15		1,101			-		1,116
Net income		-		-		-			21,136		21,136
Balance as of March 31, 2023		308,101,847	$	3,087	$	790,041		$	35,613	$	828,741
Stock-based compensation expense		-		-		5,993			-		5,993
Issuance of common stock under employee plans		207,042		2		1,591			-		1,593
Vesting of restricted stock units		634,069		6		(6	)		-		-
Exercise of stock options		2,815,372		28		1,879			-		1,907
Net income		-		-		-			27,132		27,132
Balance as of June 30, 2023		311,758,330	$	3,123	$	799,498		$	62,745	$	865,366
Stock-based compensation expense		-		-		6,289			-		6,289
Exercise of stock options		2,212,411		22		1,555			-		1,577
Net income		-		-		-			19,485		19,485
Balance as of September 30, 2023		313,970,741	$	3,145	$	807,342		$	82,230	$	892,717

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Mister Car Wash, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

1. Nature of Business

Mister Car Wash, Inc., a Delaware corporation, together with its subsidiaries (collectively, “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company”), is based in Tucson, Arizona and is a provider of conveyorized car wash services. We primarily operate Express Exterior Locations, which offer express exterior cleaning services along with free vacuum services, and interior cleaning services at select locations. As of September 30, 2024, we operated 501 car washes in 21 states.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2024 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial statements. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2023 included in the 2023 Form 10-K.

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, the included disclosures are adequate, and the accompanying consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments which are necessary for a fair presentation of our consolidated financial position as of September 30, 2024, consolidated results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, and consolidated cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Such adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature. The consolidated results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the consolidated results of operations that may be expected for any other future interim or annual period.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Reclassification

Within the consolidated financial statements certain immaterial amounts have been reclassified to conform with current period presentation. We reclassified Restricted cash of $146 and $72 from an individual line item on the consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, to Prepaid expenses and other current assets to conform with the current period presentation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Estimates also affect the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the periods reported. Some of the significant estimates that we have made pertain to the determination of deferred tax assets and liabilities; estimates utilized to determine the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations and the related goodwill and intangibles; and certain assumptions used related to the evaluation of goodwill, intangibles, and property and equipment asset impairment. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts receivable are presented net of an allowance for doubtful accounts of $95 and $68 as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The activity in the allowance for doubtful accounts was immaterial for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Other Receivables

Other receivables consisted of the following for the periods presented:

	As of
	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Construction receivable	$	7,660	$	6,480
Income tax receivable		1,046		3,051
Insurance receivable		3,634		3,686
Other		3,082		1,497
Total other receivables	$	15,422	$	14,714

Inventory, Net

Inventory consisted of the following for the periods presented:

	As of
	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Chemical washing solutions	$	5,607		$	9,135
Reserve for obsolescence		(116	)		(183	)
Total inventory, net	$	5,491		$	8,952

The activity in the reserve for obsolescence was immaterial for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Revenue Recognition

The following table summarizes the composition of our net revenues for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Recognized over time	$	184,725	$	167,670	$	545,066	$	489,294
Recognized at a point in time		64,441		66,320		198,148		207,319
Other revenue		163		86		341		317
Net revenues	$	249,329	$	234,076	$	743,555	$	696,930

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average shares outstanding for the period and includes the dilutive impact of potential new shares issuable upon vesting and exercise of stock options, vesting of restricted stock units, and stock purchase rights granted under an employee stock purchase plan. Potentially dilutive securities are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share if their effect is antidilutive. Reconciliations of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted earnings per share calculations for the periods presented are as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Numerator:
Net income	$	22,342	$	19,485	$	61,070	$	67,753
Denominator:
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic		321,917,525		312,883,586		319,067,596		309,850,600
Effect of potentially dilutive securities:
Stock options		5,562,479		15,573,984		8,585,621		17,912,009
Restricted stock units		1,763,531		289,840		1,540,123		463,687
Employee stock purchase plan		55,791		97,159		29,301		39,582
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted		329,299,326		328,844,569		329,222,641		328,265,878
Earnings per share - basic	$	0.07	$	0.06	$	0.19	$	0.22
Earnings per share - diluted	$	0.07	$	0.06	$	0.19	$	0.21

The following potentially dilutive shares were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share for the periods presented because including them would have been antidilutive:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Stock options		5,209,783		3,798,034		4,343,090		3,343,733
Restricted stock units		-		8,049		445,641		199,888
Employee stock purchase plan		-		-		32,905		30,594

Employee Retention Credit

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Employee Retention Credit (“ERC”), was established under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act. The ERC is a refundable tax credit against certain employment taxes equal to 50% of the qualified wages an eligible employer paid to employees from March 13, 2020 to December 31, 2020. Companies who meet the eligibility requirements can claim the ERC on an original or adjusted employment tax return for a period within those dates.

In March 2024, we determined that we qualify for $5,189 in relief for the period from March 13, 2020 to December 31, 2020. Upon receipt of the credit, we will owe $526 in tax advisory costs associated with the assessment of the tax credit. This amount was expensed within General and administrative expenses in the amount of $0 and $526 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. As there is no authoritative guidance under U.S. GAAP for government assistance to for-profit business entities, the Company accounts for the ERC by analogy to International Accounting Standards 20, or IAS 20, Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosure of Government Assistance. In accordance with IAS 20, management determined it has reasonable assurance of receipt of the identified ERC amount and recorded the credit in the amount of $0 and $5,189 in Other income on our consolidated statements of operations during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. A corresponding accrual of the tax credit receivable was recorded under Other assets on our consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2024.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which focuses on the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. ASU No. 2023-09 requires a public business entity (PBE) to disclose, on an annual basis, a tabular rate reconciliation using both percentages and currency amounts, broken out into specified categories with certain reconciling items further broken out by nature and jurisdiction to the extent those items exceed a specified threshold. In addition, all entities are required to disclose income taxes paid, net of refunds received disaggregated by federal, state/local, and foreign and by jurisdiction if the amount is at least 5% of total income tax payments, net of refunds received. For PBEs, the new standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. An entity may apply the amendments in this ASU prospectively by providing the revised disclosures for the period ending December 31, 2025 and continuing to provide the pre-ASU disclosures for the prior periods, or may apply the amendments retrospectively by providing the revised disclosures for all periods presented. The adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires enhanced disclosures regarding significant segment expenses and other segment items for public entities on both an annual and interim basis. Specifically, the update requires that entities provide, during interim periods, all disclosures related to a reportable segment's profit or loss and assets that were previously required only on an annual basis. Additionally, this guidance necessitates the disclosure of the title and position of the Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM"). The new guidance does not modify how a public entity identifies its operating segments, aggregates them, or applies the quantitative thresholds to determine its reportable segments. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within those fiscal years starting after December 15, 2024. This ASU must be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

3. Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment, net consisted of the following for the periods presented:

	As of
	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Land	$	140,461		$	121,960
Buildings and improvements		341,545			263,468
Finance leases		16,661			16,604
Leasehold improvements		147,506			135,861
Vehicles and equipment		324,735			285,127
Furniture, fixtures and equipment		102,595			100,457
Construction in progress		110,411			75,639
Property and equipment, gross		1,183,914			999,116
Less: accumulated depreciation		(308,966	)		(270,706	)
Less: accumulated amortization - finance leases		(4,045	)		(3,289	)
Property and equipment, net	$	870,903		$	725,121

For the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, depreciation expense was $19,682 and $15,633, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, depreciation expense was $55,754 and $45,567, respectively.

For the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, amortization expense on finance leases was $254 and $251, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, amortization expense on finance leases was $756 and $753, respectively.

4. Other Intangible Assets, Net

Other intangibles assets, net consisted of the following as of the periods presented:

	September 30, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
Trade names and trademarks	$	107,000	$	-	$	107,000	$	-
CPC unity system		42,900		42,900		42,900		40,040
Customer relationships		9,700		6,745		9,700		6,430
Covenants not to compete		13,230		10,046		13,230		8,693
Other intangible assets, net	$	172,830	$	59,691	$	172,830	$	55,163

For the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, amortization expense associated with our finite-lived intangible assets was $1,246 and $1,715, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, amortization expense associated with our finite-lived intangible assets was $4,528 and $5,098, respectively.

As of September 30, 2024, estimated future amortization expense was as follows:

Fiscal Year Ending:
2024 (remaining three months)	$	475
2025		1,827
2026		1,585
2027		741
2028		501
Thereafter		1,010
Total estimated future amortization expense	$	6,139

5. Goodwill

Goodwill consisted of the following for the periods presented:

	As of
	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Balance at beginning of period	$	1,134,734	$	1,109,815
Current period acquisitions		-		24,919
Balance at end of period	$	1,134,734	$	1,134,734

Goodwill is generally deductible for tax purposes, except for the portion related to purchase accounting step-up goodwill.

6. Other Accrued Expenses

Other accrued expenses consisted of the following for the periods presented:

	As of
	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Utilities	$	6,245	$	6,130
Accrued other tax expense		12,135		9,482
Insurance expense		4,197		4,355
Greenfield development accruals		-		13,343
Other		4,216		5,428
Total other accrued expenses	$	26,793	$	38,738

Greenfield development accruals represent an obligation to pay for invoices not yet received, primarily related to land and buildings and improvements, on properties which we have taken control of as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

7. Income Taxes

The effective income tax rates on continuing operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were 31.8% and 21.3%, respectively. In general, the effective tax rates differed from the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate primarily due to state income taxes, non-deductible expenses such as those related to certain executive compensation, and other discrete tax adjustments recorded during the period.

The year-to-date provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 included taxes on earnings at an anticipated annual effective tax rate of 25.5% and a net, unfavorable tax impact of $5,652 related primarily to discrete tax expense originating from stock options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

The year-to-date provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 included taxes on earnings at an anticipated annual effective tax rate of 25.6% and a net, favorable tax impact of $3,638 related primarily to discrete tax benefits originating from stock options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

On August 9, 2022, the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (“CHIPS”) Act of 2022 was signed into law. The CHIPS Act is designed to boost domestic semiconductor manufacturing and encourage U.S. research activities. Also in 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act (“IRA”) of 2022 was signed into law. The IRA created a new book-minimum tax on certain large corporations and an excise tax on stock buybacks while also providing incentives to address climate change mitigation and clean energy, among other items. Most of these changes became effective for the 2023 tax year and after initial evaluation, and similar to the prior quarter, we do not currently expect these laws to have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we recorded $406 and $0 related to unrecognized tax benefits or interest and penalties related to any uncertain tax positions.

8. Debt

Long-term debt consisted of the following as of the periods presented:

	As of
	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
First lien term loan	$	922,688		$	901,201
Revolving line of credit		22,000			-
Total debt		944,688			901,201
Less: unamortized discount and debt issuance costs		(4,392	)		(3,777	)
Less: current maturities of long-term debt		(9,250	)		-
Total long-term portion of debt, net	$	931,046		$	897,424

As of September 30, 2024, annual maturities of debt were as follows:

Fiscal Year Ending:
2024 (remaining three months)	$	2,313
2025		9,250
2026		9,250
2027		9,250
2028		9,250
Thereafter		905,375
Total maturities of debt	$	944,688

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs were $6,444 and $4,030, respectively, and accumulated amortization of debt issuance costs was $3,746 and $6,145, respectively.

For the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the amortization of debt issuance costs in interest expense, net in the consolidated statements of operations was approximately $248 and $428, respectively.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the amortization of debt issuance costs in interest expense, net in the consolidated statements of operations was approximately $961 and $1,270, respectively.

Amended and Restated First Lien Credit Agreement

On August 21, 2014, we entered into a Credit Agreement (“Credit Agreement”) which was originally comprised of a term loan (“First Lien Term Loan”) and a revolving commitment (“Revolving Commitment”). The Credit Agreement was collateralized by substantially all personal property (including cash, inventory, property and equipment, and intangible assets), real property, and equity interests owned by us.

First Lien Term Loan

In March 2024, we entered into Amendment No. 5 to the Amended and Restated First Lien Credit Agreement with the lenders party thereto, and Bank of America, N.A. ("BofA") as the successor administrative agent and collateral agent. This amendment further modified the credit agreement by providing $925,000 in first lien term commitments, consisting of $901,201 to refinance outstanding term loans and $23,799 in additional incremental term commitments (collectively, the "2024 Term Loans"). The 2024 Term Loans have an interest rate of Term SOFR or Base Rate, at our option, plus an applicable margin (3.00% for SOFR Loans or 2.00% for Base Rate Loans), subject to step-downs based on the First Lien Net Leverage Ratio. For SOFR Loans, the margin starts at 3.00% and can decrease to 2.75% and 2.50% based on the First Lien Net Leverage Ratio. For Base Rate Loans, the margin begins at 2.00% and can decrease to 1.75% and 1.50%, depending on the First Lien Net Leverage Ratio. The SOFR rate has a floor of 0.00%. Starting September 30, 2024, the loans will be amortized in equal quarterly installments at an annual rate of 1.00% of the original principal amount. As a result of this amendment, the loans are scheduled to mature in March 2031. In connection with Amendment No. 5, we expensed $1,882 of previously unamortized debt issuance costs as a loss on extinguishment of debt in the consolidated statements of operations.

Revolving Commitment

In March 2024, we entered into Amendment No. 5 to our Amended and Restated First Lien Credit Agreement to increase our borrowing capacity from $150,000 to $300,000. The amendment also updates the interest rate for these loans to SOFR or Base Rate, at our option, plus an applicable margin (2.50% for SOFR Loans or 1.50% for Base Rate Loans), subject to step-ups and step-downs based on the First Lien Net Leverage Ratio. Any unused commitment fee is also payable based on the First Lien Net Leverage Ratio. The Credit Agreement requires the Borrower to maintain a Rent Adjusted Total Net Leverage Ratio no greater than 6.50 to 1.00, tested quarterly beginning with the quarter ending September 30, 2024, for the benefit of lenders holding the Revolving Commitments. The Amendment also extends the time in which we can draw revolving loans under the Revolving Commitments until the earliest of March 2029, permanent reduction of commitments to zero or termination of the commitment.

The maximum available borrowing capacity under the Revolving Commitments is reduced by outstanding letters of credit under the Revolving Commitments. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the available borrowing capacity under the Revolving Commitments was $277,785 and $149,193, respectively.

In addition, an unused commitment fee based on our First Lien Net Leverage Ratio is payable on the average of the unused borrowing capacity under the Revolving Commitments. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the unused commitment fee was 0.25%.

Standby Letters of Credit

As of September 30, 2024, we have a letter of credit sublimit of $90,000 under the Revolving Commitments, provided that the total utilization of revolving commitments under the Revolving Commitment does not exceed $300,000. Any letter of credit issued under the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement has an expiration date which is the earlier of (i) no later than 12 months from the date of issuance or (ii) five business days prior to the maturity date of the Revolving Commitments, as amended under Amendment No. 2 to the Amended and Restated First Lien Credit Agreement. Letters of credit under the Revolving Commitments reduce the maximum available borrowing capacity under the Revolving Commitment. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the amounts associated with outstanding letters of credit were $215 and $807, respectively.

Credit Agreement

We were in compliance with all covenants related to our long-term debt as of September 30, 2024.

9. Fair Value Measurements

The following table presents financial liabilities which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2024:

	Fair Value Measurements
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Deferred compensation plan	$	6,547	$	6,547	$	-	$	-
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation plan	$	4,537	$	4,537	$	-	$	-
Contingent consideration	$	4,750	$	-	$	-	$	4,750

The following table presents financial liabilities which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2023:

	Fair Value Measurements
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Deferred compensation plan	$	5,553	$	5,553	$	-	$	-
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation plan	$	3,961	$	3,961	$	-	$	-
Contingent consideration	$	4,750	$	-	$	-	$	4,750

We measure the fair value of our financial assets and liabilities using the highest level of inputs that are available as of the measurement date. The carrying amounts of cash, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate their fair value due to the immediate or short-term maturity of these financial instruments.

We maintain a deferred compensation plan for a certain group of our highly compensated employees, in which certain of our executive officers participate in. The plan allows eligible participants to defer up to 90% of their base salary and/or incentive plan compensation as well as any refunds from our 401(k) Plan. Participants may elect investment funds selected by the Company in whole percentages. Changes in the value of compensation deferred under these plans are recognized each period based on the fair value of the underlying measurement funds. These investment funds consist primarily of equity securities, such as common stock and mutual funds, and fixed income securities and are valued at the closing price reported on the active market on which the individual securities are traded and are classified as Level 1. These investment options do not represent actual ownership of or ownership rights in the applicable funds; they serve the purpose of valuing the account and the corresponding obligation of the Company.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the fair value of our First Lien Term Loan approximated its carrying value due to the debt’s variable interest rate terms.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we held no assets in cash investments.

We recognized a Level 3 contingent consideration liability in connection with the Downtowner Car Wash acquisition in December 2021. We measured its contingent consideration liability using Level 3 unobservable inputs. The contingent consideration liability is associated with the achievement of certain targets and is estimated at each balance sheet date by considering among other factors, results of completed periods and our most recent financial projection for future periods subject to earn-out payments. There are two components to the contingent consideration: a payment when we obtained the certificate of occupancy for the car wash and opened it to the public in 2023 and an annual payment based on certain financial metrics of the acquired business. A change in the forecasted revenue or projected opening dates could result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement. We determined that there were no significant changes to the unobservable inputs that would have resulted in a change in fair value of this contingent consideration liability at September 30, 2024. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, a payment was made upon receipt of certificate of occupancy of $0 and $500, respectively. No payments were made during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, there were no transfers between fair value measurement levels.

10. Leases

Balance sheet information related to leases consisted of the following for the periods presented:

		As of
	Classification	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Assets
Operating	Operating right of use assets, net	$	857,861	$	833,547
Finance	Property and equipment, net		12,616		13,315
Total lease assets		$	870,477	$	846,862
Liabilities
Current
Operating	Current maturities of operating lease liability	$	47,195	$	43,979
Finance	Current maturities of finance lease liability		811		746
Long-term
Operating	Operating lease liability		826,213		809,409
Finance	Financing lease liability		13,473		14,033
Total lease liabilities		$	887,692	$	868,167

Components of total lease cost, net, consisted of the following for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Operating lease expense (a)	$	28,126	$	26,361	$	82,997	$	75,680
Finance lease expense
Amortization of lease assets		254		251		756		753
Interest on lease liabilities		258		271		782		820
Short-term lease expense		52		12		155		38
Variable lease expense (b)		3,548		2,949		13,568		11,765
Total	$	32,238	$	29,844	$	98,258	$	89,056

• Operating lease expense includes an immaterial amount of sublease income and is included in other store operating expenses and general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
• Variable lease costs consist of property taxes, property insurance, and common area or other maintenance costs for our leases of land and buildings and is included in other store operating expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

The following includes supplemental information for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	27,091		$	25,758		$	80,451		$	74,458
Operating cash flows from finance leases	$	258		$	271		$	782		$	820
Financing cash flows from finance leases	$	190		$	168		$	552		$	492
Operating lease right of use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities	$	25,821		$	27,365		$	60,768		$	86,420
Finance lease right of use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities	$	57		$	-		$	57		$	-
Weighted-average remaining operating lease term		13.63			13.97			13.63			13.97
Weighted-average remaining finance lease term		14.96			15.77			14.96			15.77
Weighted-average operating lease discount rate		8.09	%		7.98	%		8.09	%		7.98	%
Weighted-average finance lease discount rate		7.33	%		7.33	%		7.33	%		7.33	%

As of September 30, 2024, lease obligation maturities were as follows:

Fiscal Year Ending:	Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2024 (remaining three months)	$	27,723		$	454
2025		112,224			1,802
2026		111,383			1,809
2027		107,638			1,835
2028		101,494			1,856
Thereafter		1,025,386			18,424
Total future minimum obligations		1,485,848			26,180
Less: present value discount		(612,440	)		(11,896	)
Present value of net future minimum lease obligations		873,408			14,284
Less: current portion		(47,195	)		(811	)
Long-term obligations	$	826,213		$	13,473

Forward-Starting Leases

As of September 30, 2024, we entered into 13 leases that had not yet commenced related to build-to-suit arrangements for car wash locations. These leases will commence in years 2024 through 2026 with initial lease terms of 15 to 20 years.

As of December 31, 2023, we entered into 14 leases that had not yet commenced related to build-to-suit arrangements for car wash locations. These leases will commence in years 2024 through 2026 with initial lease terms of 15 to 20 years.

Sale-Leaseback Transactions

During the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we completed four and two sale-leaseback transactions related to car wash locations, respectively, with aggregate consideration of $18,636 and $10,455, respectively, resulting in a net gain of $2,514 and a net loss of $373, respectively, which are included in (gain) loss on sale of assets in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Contemporaneously with the closing of the sales, we entered into lease agreements for the properties for initial 20-year terms. For the sale-leaseback transactions consummated in the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the cumulative initial annual rent for the properties was approximately $1,239 and $640, respectively, subject to annual escalations. These leases are accounted for as operating leases.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we completed eight and 14 sale-leaseback transactions related to car wash locations, respectively, with aggregate consideration of $37,381 and $99,710, respectively, resulting in a net gain of $1,553 and $4,893, respectively, which are included in (gain) loss on sale of assets in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Contemporaneously with the closing of the sales, we entered into lease agreements for the properties for initial 20-year terms. For the sale-leaseback transactions consummated in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the cumulative initial annual rent for the properties was approximately $2,426 and $6,227, respectively, subject to annual escalations. These leases are accounted for as operating leases.

11. Stockholders’ Equity

As of September 30, 2024, there were 1,000,000,000 shares of common stock authorized, 328,412,061 shares of common stock issued, and 322,239,140 shares of common stock outstanding.

As of December 31, 2023, there were 1,000,000,000 shares of common stock authorized, 318,366,628 shares of common stock issued, and 315,192,401 shares of common stock outstanding.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock authorized and none were issued or outstanding.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we withheld a total of 2,998,694 shares in order to satisfy payroll tax withholdings to settle cashless stock option exercises.

We use the cost method to account for treasury stock. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had 6,172,921 and 3,174,227 shares, respectively, of treasury stock. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the cost of treasury stock included in additional paid-in capital in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets was $28,895 and $6,091, respectively.

12. Stock-Based Compensation

We recognize stock-based compensation expense associated with stock options and restricted stock units ("RSUs"), and stock purchase rights. Stock options and RSUs are granted under the 2014 Stock Option Plan of Hotshine Holdings, Inc. (the “2014 Plan”) and 2021 Incentive Award Plan (the “2021 Plan”) while stock purchase rights are granted under the 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“2021 ESPP”).

Refer to our 2023 Form 10-K for additional details on employee stock incentive plans.

Share-Based Payment Valuation

The grant date fair value of Time Vesting Options granted is determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The grant date fair value of stock purchase rights granted under the 2021 ESPP is determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model.

2021 ESPP

The following table presents, on a weighted-average basis, the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the grant date fair value of stock purchase rights granted under the 2021 ESPP during the periods presented:

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024	2023
Expected volatility	49.59% - 50.14%	36.30% - 53.9%
Risk-free interest rate	5.38% - 5.41%	4.53% - 5.26%
Expected term (in years)	0.49 - 0.50	0.49 - 0.50
Expected dividend yield	None	None

Time Vesting Options

The following table presents, on a weighted-average basis, the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the grant date fair value of Time Vesting Options granted under the 2021 Plan during the periods presented:

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024	2023
Expected volatility	45.98%	43.74% - 44.68%
Risk-free interest rate	4.52%	3.68% - 4.21%
Expected term (in years)	6.0	6.0 - 6.26
Expected dividend yield	None	None

Stock Options

A summary of our stock option activity during the period presented is as follows:

	Time Vesting Options			Performance Vesting Options			Total Number of Stock Options			Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Outstanding as of December 31, 2023		11,744,894			7,705,114			19,450,008		$	3.21
Granted		1,621,444			-			1,621,444		$	7.03
Exercised		(3,488,524	)		(5,071,258	)		(8,559,782	)	$	0.68
Forfeited		(173,284	)		-			(173,284	)	$	9.23
Outstanding as of September 30, 2024		9,704,530			2,633,856			12,338,386		$	5.39
Options vested or expected to vest as of September 30, 2024		9,014,595			2,633,856			11,648,451		$	9.68
Options exercisable as of September 30, 2024		5,767,352			2,633,856			8,401,208		$	3.90

The number and weighted-average grant date fair value of stock options during the period presented are as follows:

	Number of Stock Options			Weighted-Average<br>Grant Date Fair Value
	Time Vesting Options		Performance Vesting Options	Time Vesting Options		Performance Vesting Options
Non-vested as of December 31, 2023		3,629,454	-	$	4.39	-
Non-vested as of September 30, 2024		3,937,178	-	$	3.87	-
Granted during the period		1,621,444	-	$	3.05	-
Vested during the period		1,187,832	-	$	4.40	-
Forfeited/canceled during the period		125,888	-	$	4.07	-

We granted 1,621,444 Time Vesting Options with a grant date fair value of $4,945 during the nine months ended September 30, 2024. There were no Performance Vesting Options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

The fair value of shares attributable to stock options that vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $8,771.

As of September 30, 2024, the weighted-average remaining contractual life of outstanding stock options was approximately

5.52

years.

Restricted Stock Units

A summary of our RSU activity during the period presented is as follows:

	Restricted Stock Units			Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested as of December 31, 2023		3,718,505		$	9.98
Granted		2,996,219		$	7.03
Vested		(1,253,515	)	$	10.62
Forfeited		(427,367	)	$	8.75
Unvested as of September 30, 2024		5,033,842		$	8.16

We granted 2,996,219 RSUs with a grant date fair value of $21,054 during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

The fair value of shares attributable to RSUs that vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $8,908.

As of September 30, 2024, the weighted-average remaining contractual life of outstanding RSUs was approximately

9.09

years.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

We estimated a forfeiture rate of 10.03% for awards with service-based vesting conditions based on historical experience and future expectations of the vesting of these share-based payments. We used this rate as an assumption in calculating stock-based compensation expense for Time Vesting Options, RSUs, and stock purchase rights granted under the 2021 ESPP.

Total stock-based compensation expense, by caption, recorded in the consolidated statements of operations for the periods presented is as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Cost of labor and chemicals	$	2,719	$	2,330	$	7,657	$	6,474
General and administrative		3,972		3,959		11,186		11,169
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	6,691	$	6,289	$	18,843	$	17,643

Total stock-based compensation expense, by award type, recorded in the consolidated statements of operations for the periods presented is as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Time Vesting Options	$	1,607	$	1,749	$	4,566	$	5,119
RSUs		4,897		4,344		13,652		11,784
2021 ESPP		187		196		625		740
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	6,691	$	6,289	$	18,843	$	17,643

As of September 30, 2024, total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested Time Vesting Options was $7,070, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of

2.11

years. As of September 30, 2024, there was no unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested Performance Vesting Options as the completion of the IPO satisfied the performance condition and as a result, all outstanding Performance Vesting Options vested.

As of September 30, 2024, total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested RSUs was $21,576, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of

2.26

years. As of September 30, 2024, total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock purchase rights under the 2021 ESPP was $107, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of

0.13

years.

13. Business Combinations

From time to time, we may pursue acquisitions of conveyorized car washes that either strategically fit with the business or expand our presence in new and attractive markets.

We account for business combinations under the acquisition method of accounting. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with business acquisitions are recorded at the date of acquisition at their estimated fair values, with any excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired and intangible assets assigned, recorded as goodwill. Significant judgment is required in estimating the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed and in assigning their respective useful lives. Accordingly, we may engage third-party valuation specialists to assist in these determinations. The fair value estimates are based on available historical information and on future expectations and assumptions deemed reasonable by management; but are inherently uncertain.

The consolidated financial statements reflect the operations of an acquired business starting from the effective date of the acquisition. We expensed $0 and $195 of acquisition-related costs for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. We expensed $0 and $228 of acquisition-related costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred and are included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

2024 Acquisitions

We did not consummate any acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

2023 Acquisitions

For the year ended December 31, 2023, we acquired the assets and liabilities of six conveyorized car washes in two acquisitions for total consideration of approximately $51,217, which was paid in cash. These acquisitions resulted in the preliminary recognition of $24,919 of goodwill, $22,555 of property and equipment, $3,580 of right of use assets, $640 of intangible assets, $101 of other net liabilities, and $376 of a bargain purchase gain. The bargain purchase gain is not material and is recorded within (gain) loss on sale of assets, net on the consolidated statements of operations. We do not believe these acquisitions are material to our overall consolidated financial statements.

The acquisitions were located in the following markets:

Location (Seller)	Number of Washes	Month Acquired
Arizona (Dynamite Car Wash)	1	April
California (Cruizers Car Wash)	5	July

14. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

From time to time, we are party to pending or threatened lawsuits arising out of or incident to the ordinary course of business. We carry professional and general liability insurance coverage and other insurance coverages in amounts that we believe are appropriate for our business. In the opinion of management and upon consultation with legal counsel, none of the pending or threatened lawsuits will have a material effect upon the consolidated financial position, operations, or cash flows of the Company.

Class Action Litigation

On February 14, 2023, a plaintiff filed a purported class action lawsuit in the Stanislaus County Superior Court, California, on behalf of all non-exempt employees employed by Defendants Prime Shine LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, in California any time between February 14, 2019, and the present, against Prime Shine, LLC and Does 1 – 20 inclusive. Plaintiff alleges eight claims for violations of the California Labor Code and one claim for violation of the California Business & Professions Code. On June 13, 2023, Plaintiff filed a First Amended Complaint to add a claim for penalties pursuant to the Private Attorneys General Act. Plaintiff seeks, among other things, an unspecified amount for unpaid wages, actual, consequential, and incidental losses, penalties, and attorneys’ fees and costs. The parties agreed to an informal exchange of information in lieu of formal discovery prior to mediation with an experienced wage-and-hour mediator. In October 2023, following mediation, both parties agreed to settle the lawsuit. A financial amount was accrued that was not material to our consolidated financial statements. A formal written settlement agreement has been executed by the parties and the Court granted preliminary approval of settlement. No putative class members objected or opted out of the settlement during the class action settlement notice period. The Court entered final approval of the class action settlement on July 19, 2024. In August 2024, the Company made the settlement payment in accordance with the Court's final approval, fulfilling our financial obligation under the terms of the settlement agreement. By mid-2025, the court clerk is expected to administratively close the case.

Insurance

We carry a broad range of insurance coverage, including general and business auto liability, commercial property, workers’ compensation, cyber risk, and general umbrella policies. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we accrued $4,179 and $4,311, respectively, for assessments on insurance claims filed, which are included in other accrued expenses in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we recorded $3,634 and $3,686, respectively, in receivables from its non-healthcare insurance carriers related to these insurance claims, which are included in other receivables in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The receivables are paid when the claim is finalized and the reserved amounts on these claims are expected to be paid within one year.

Environmental Matters

Operations at certain facilities currently or previously owned or leased by us utilize, or in the past have utilized, hazardous substances generally in compliance with applicable law. Periodically, we have had minor claims asserted against it by regulatory agencies or private parties for environmental matters relating to the handling of hazardous substances by us, and we have incurred obligations for

investigations or remedial actions with respect to certain of these matters. There can be no assurances that activities at these facilities, or future facilities owned or operated by us, may not result in additional environmental claims being asserted against us or additional investigations or remedial actions being required. We are not aware of any significant remediation matters as of September 30, 2024. Because of various factors including the difficulty of identifying the responsible parties for any particular site, the complexity of determining the relative liability among them, the uncertainty as to the most desirable remediation techniques and the amount of damages and clean-up costs and the time period during which such costs may be incurred, we are unable to reasonably estimate the ultimate cost of claims asserted against us related to environmental matters; however, we do not believe such costs will be material to our consolidated financial statements.

In addition to potential claims asserted against us, there are certain regulatory obligations associated with these facilities. We also have a third-party specialist to review the sites subject to these regulations annually, for the purpose of assigning future cost. A third party has conducted a preliminary assessment of site restoration provisions arising from these regulations and we have recognized a provisional amount. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, our accrual for environmental remediation was $15, which is included in other accrued expenses in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our 2023 Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements based upon current plans, expectations and beliefs involving risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth in other parts of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” and in Part II. Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our 2023 Form 10-K.

Who We Are

Mister Car Wash, Inc. is the largest national car wash brand, primarily offering express exterior cleaning services, with interior cleaning services at select locations, across 501 car washes in 21 states as of September 30, 2024. Founded in 1996, we employ an efficient, repeatable, and scalable process, which we call the “Mister Experience,” to deliver a clean, dry, and shiny car every time. The core pillars of the “Mister Experience” are greeting every customer with a wave and smile, providing the highest quality car wash, and delivering the experience quickly and conveniently. We offer a monthly subscription program, which we call the Unlimited Wash Club® (“UWC”), as a flexible, quick, and convenient option for customers to keep their cars clean. Our scale and over 25 years of innovation allow us to drive operating efficiencies and invest in training, infrastructure, and technology that improve speed of service, quality, and sustainability and realize strong financial performance.

Factors Affecting Our Business and Trends

We believe that our business and growth depend on a number of factors that present significant opportunities for us and may involve risks and challenges, including those discussed below and in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of our 2023 Form 10-K.

•	Growth in comparable store sales. Comparable store sales have been a driver of our net revenue growth and we expect it to continue to play a key role in our future growth and profitability. We will seek to continue to grow our comparable store sales by increasing the number of UWC Members, maximizing efficiency and throughput of our car wash locations, optimizing marketing spend to add new customers, and increasing customer visitation frequency.
•	Number and loyalty of UWC Members. The UWC program is a critical element of our business. UWC Members contribute a significant portion of our net revenue and provide recurring revenue through their monthly membership fees.
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•	Labor management. Hiring and retaining skilled team members and experienced management represents one of our largest costs. We believe people are the key to our success and we have been able to successfully attract and retain engaged, high-quality team members by paying competitive wages, offering attractive benefit packages, and providing robust training and development opportunities. While the competition for skilled labor is intense and subject to high turnover, we believe our approach to wages and benefits will continue to allow us to attract suitable team members and management to support our growth.
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Factors Affecting the Comparability of Our Results of Operations

Our results have been affected by, and may in the future be affected by, the following factors, which must be understood in order to assess the comparability of our period-to-period financial performance and condition.

Greenfield Location Development

More recently, a component of our growth strategy has been to grow through greenfield development of Mister Car Wash locations, with particular focus on Express Exterior Locations, and we anticipate further pursuit of this strategy in the future. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we successfully opened 10 and 25 greenfield locations, respectively, and we expect to drive our future location growth through greenfield development. We believe such a strategy will provide a more controllable pipeline of unit growth for future locations in existing and adjacent markets.

The comparability of our results may be impacted by the inclusion of financial performance of greenfield locations that have not delivered a full fiscal year of financial results nor matured to average unit volumes, which we typically expect after approximately three full years of operation.

Acquisitions

We continue to employ a disciplined approach to acquisitions, carefully selecting locations that meet our criteria for a potential Mister Car Wash site. In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we did not consummate any acquisitions.

Following an acquisition, we implement a variety of operational improvements designed to unify branding and enhance profitability. As soon as feasible, we fully integrate and transition acquired locations to the “Mister” brand and make investments to improve site flow, upgrade tunnel equipment and technology, and install our proprietary Unity Chemical system, which is a unique blend of our signature products utilizing the newest technology and services to make a better car wash experience for our customers. We also establish member-only lanes, optimize service offerings and implement training initiatives that we have successfully utilized to improve team member engagement and drive UWC growth post-acquisition. The costs associated with these onboarding initiatives, which vary by site, can impact the comparability of our results.

The comparability of our results may also be impacted by the inclusion of financial performance of our acquisitions that have not delivered a full fiscal year of financial results under Mister Car Wash’s ownership.

See Note 13 Business Combinations to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional discussion.

Key Performance Indicators

We prepare and analyze various operating and financial data to assess the performance of our business and to help in the allocation of our resources. The key operating performance and financial metrics and indicators we use are set forth below, as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024			2023			2024			2023
Financial and Operating Data
Location count (end of period)		501			462			501			462
Comparable store sales growth		2.9	%		1.7	%		2.1	%		0.1	%
UWC Members (in thousands, end of period)		2,110			2,071			2,110			2,071
UWC sales as a percentage of total wash sales		74	%		71	%		73	%		70	%
Net income	$	22,342		$	19,485		$	61,070		$	67,753
Net income margin		9.0	%		8.3	%		8.2	%		9.7	%
Adjusted EBITDA	$	78,804		$	71,598		$	242,668		$	216,434
Adjusted EBITDA margin		31.6	%		30.6	%		32.6	%		31.1	%

Location Count (end of period)

Our location count refers to the total number of car wash locations at the end of a period, inclusive of new greenfield locations, acquired locations and offset by closed locations. The total number of locations that we operate, as well as the timing of location openings, acquisitions, and closings, have, and will continue to have, an impact on our performance. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we increased our location count by the 10 and 25 greenfield locations, respectively, as noted above.

Our Express Exterior Locations, which offer express exterior cleaning services, comprise 436 of our current locations and our Interior Cleaning Locations, which offer both express exterior cleaning services and interior cleaning services, comprise 65 of our current locations.

Comparable Store Sales Growth

We consider a location a comparable store on the first day of the 13th full calendar month following a greenfield location’s first day of operations, or for acquired locations, the first day of the 13th full calendar month following the date of acquisition. A location converted from an Interior Cleaning Location format to an Express Exterior Location format is excluded when the location did not offer interior cleaning services in the current period but did offer interior cleaning services in the prior year period. Comparable store sales growth is the percentage change in total wash sales of all comparable store car washes.

Increasing the number of new locations is a component of our growth strategy and as we continue to execute on our growth strategy, we expect that a significant portion of our sales growth will be attributable to non-comparable store sales. Accordingly, comparable store sales are only one measure we use to assess the success of our growth strategy.

UWC Members (end of period)

Members of our monthly subscription service are known as Unlimited Wash Club Members, or UWC Members. We view the number of UWC Members and the growth in the number of UWC Members on a net basis from period to period as key indicators of our revenue growth. The number of UWC Members has grown over time as we have acquired new customers and retained previously acquired customers. There were approximately 2.1 million UWC Members as of September 30, 2024. UWC Members grew by approximately 2% from September 30, 2023 through September 30, 2024 and approximately 2% from December 31, 2023 through September 30, 2024.

UWC Sales as a Percentage of Total Wash Sales

UWC sales as a percentage of total wash sales represents the penetration of our subscription membership program as a percentage of our overall wash sales. Total wash sales are defined as the net revenue generated from express exterior cleaning services and interior cleaning services for both UWC Members and retail customers. UWC sales as a percentage of total wash sales is calculated as sales generated from UWC Members as a percentage of total wash sales. We have consistently grown this measure over time as we educate customers as to the value of our UWC subscription offering. UWC sales were 74% and 71% of our total wash sales for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. UWC sales were 73% and 70% of our total wash sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin

Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure of our operating performance and should not be considered as an alternative to net income as a measure of financial performance or any other performance measure derived in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense, net, income tax provision, depreciation and amortization expense, (gain) loss on sale of assets, stock-based compensation expense, acquisition expenses, non-cash rent expense, loss on extinguishment of debt, and other nonrecurring charges. Adjusted EBITDA margin is defined as Adjusted EBITDA divided by net revenues for a given period.

We present Adjusted EBITDA because we believe it assists investors and analysts in comparing our operating performance across reporting periods on a consistent basis by excluding items that we do not believe are indicative of our ongoing operating performance. You are encouraged to evaluate these adjustments and the reasons we consider them appropriate for supplemental analysis. In evaluating Adjusted EBITDA, you should be aware that in the future we may incur expenses that are the same as or similar to some of the adjustments in our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA. Our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. There can be no assurance that we will not modify the presentation of Adjusted EBITDA in future periods, and any such modification may be material. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies in our industry or across different industries.

Our management believes Adjusted EBITDA is helpful in highlighting trends in our core operating performance compared to other measures, which can differ significantly depending on long-term strategic decisions regarding capital structure, the tax jurisdictions in which companies operate and capital investments. We also use Adjusted EBITDA in connection with establishing discretionary annual incentive compensation; to supplement U.S. GAAP measures of performance in the evaluation of the effectiveness of our business strategies; to make budgeting decisions; and because our Amended and Restated First Lien Credit Agreement uses measures similar to Adjusted EBITDA to measure our compliance with certain covenants.

Adjusted EBITDA has its limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under U.S. GAAP. Some of these limitations include:

•	Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect our cash expenditure or future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;
•	Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect changes in our cash requirements for our working capital needs;
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•	Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the interest expense and the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments on our debt;
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•	Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect cash requirements for replacement of assets that are being depreciated and amortized;
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•	Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect non-cash compensation, which is a key element of our overall long-term compensation;
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•	Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the impact of certain cash charges or cash receipts resulting from matters we do not find indicative of our ongoing operations; and
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•	other companies in our industry may calculate Adjusted EBITDA differently than we do.
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The following is a reconciliation of our net income to Adjusted EBITDA for the periods presented.

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024			2023			2024			2023
Reconciliation of net income to adjusted EBITDA:
Net income	$	22,342		$	19,485		$	61,070		$	67,753
Interest expense, net		20,653			19,100			60,931			55,143
Income tax provision		6,590			4,470			28,436			18,373
Depreciation and amortization expense		21,182			17,599			61,038			51,418
(Gain) loss on sale of assets, net (a)		(1,916	)		1,321			(552	)		(3,470	)
Stock-based compensation expense (b)		6,774			6,522			20,367			17,876
Acquisition expenses (c)		863			912			1,976			2,651
Non-cash rent expense (d)		1,560			1,409			4,542			3,623
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-			-			1,882			-
Employee retention credit (e)		-			-			(5,189	)		-
Other (f)		756			780			8,167			3,067
Adjusted EBITDA	$	78,804		$	71,598		$	242,668		$	216,434
Net revenues	$	249,329		$	234,076		$	743,555		$	696,930
Adjusted EBITDA margin		31.6	%		30.6	%		32.6	%		31.1	%

• Consists of gains and losses on the disposition of assets associated with sale-leaseback transactions, store closures or the sale of property and equipment.
• Represents non-cash expense associated with our stock-based compensation as well as related taxes.
• Represents expenses incurred in strategic acquisitions, including professional fees for accounting and auditing services, appraisals, legal fees and financial services, one-time costs associated with supplies for rebranding the acquired stores, and distinct travel expenses for related, distinct integration efforts by team members who are not part of our dedicated integration team, as well as expenses associated with greenfield construction.
• Represents the difference between cash paid for rent expense and U.S. GAAP rent expense.
• See Note 2 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to our consolidated financial statements for additional information on the employee retention credit.
• Consists of other items as determined by management not to be reflective of our ongoing operating performance, such as costs associated with severance pay, non-deferred legal fees and other expenses related to credit agreement amendments, legal settlements and legal fees related to contract terminations, and nonrecurring strategic project costs.

The Adjusted EBITDA results in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 when compared to the prior year period are primarily attributable to growth in UWC Members, price optimization, wash package mix, and the year-over-year addition of 39 locations.

Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023

	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2024						2023
(Dollars in thousands)	Amount			% of Revenue			Amount		% of Revenue
Net revenues	$	249,329			100	%	$	234,076		100	%
Store operating costs:
Cost of labor and chemicals		73,617			30	%		72,760		31	%
Other store operating expenses		102,607			41	%		90,514		39	%
General and administrative		25,436			10	%		26,426		11	%
(Gain) loss on sale of assets, net		(1,916	)		(1	)%		1,321		1	%
Total costs and expenses		199,744			80	%		191,021		82	%
Operating income		49,585			20	%		43,055		18	%
Other (income) expense:
Interest expense, net		20,653			8	%		19,100		8	%
Total other expense, net		20,653			8	%		19,100		8	%
Income before taxes		28,932			12	%		23,955		10	%
Income tax provision		6,590			3	%		4,470		2	%
Net income	$	22,342			9	%	$	19,485		8	%

Net Revenues

	Three Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024		2023		Change	% Change
Net revenues	$	249,329	$	234,076			7	%

All values are in US Dollars.

The increase in net revenues was primarily attributable to growth in UWC Members, price optimization, wash package mix, and the year-over-year addition of 39 locations.

Store Operating Costs

Cost of Labor and Chemicals

	Three Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024			2023			Change	% Change
Cost of labor and chemicals	$	73,617		$	72,760				1	%
Percentage of net revenues		30	%		31	%

All values are in US Dollars.

The increase in cost of labor and chemicals was primarily attributable to an increase in volume and the year-over-year addition of 39 locations, as well as some inflationary pressures on store labor, partially offset by labor optimization and scale efficiencies between periods.

Other Store Operating Expenses

	Three Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024			2023			Change	% Change
Other store operating expenses	$	102,607		$	90,514				13	%
Percentage of net revenues		41	%		39	%

All values are in US Dollars.

The increase in other store operating expenses was primarily attributable to the year-over-year addition of 39 locations and some inflationary pressures on utilities and maintenance expenses. Rent expense increased approximately $1.9 million due to the addition of 25 net new land and building leases.

General and Administrative

	Three Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024			2023			Change		% Change
General and administrative	$	25,436		$	26,426			)		(4	)%
Percentage of net revenues		10	%		11	%

All values are in US Dollars.

The decrease in general and administrative expenses was primarily driven by a decrease of approximately $0.5 million in amortization expense and a decrease of approximately $0.7 million in corporate travel expense, partially offset by an increase of approximately $0.2 million in employee compensation expenses.

(Gain) Loss on Sale of Assets

	Three Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024			2023			Change		% Change
(Gain) loss on sale of assets	$	(1,916	)	$	1,321			)		(245	)%
Percentage of net revenues		(1	)%		1	%

All values are in US Dollars.

The change in (gain) loss on sale of assets was primarily driven by a net gain associated with sale-leaseback activity in the current year.

Total Other Expense, net

	Three Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024			2023			Change	% Change
Total other expense, net	$	20,653		$	19,100				8	%
Percentage of net revenues		8	%		8	%

All values are in US Dollars.

The increase in other expense, net was primarily driven by increased interest expense influenced by an increase in long term debt as compared to the prior year period.

Income Tax Provision

	Three Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024			2023			Change	% Change
Income tax provision	$	6,590		$	4,470				47	%
Percentage of net revenues		3	%		2	%

All values are in US Dollars.

The increase in income tax provision was primarily driven by from the increase in pre-tax income, net of tax benefits from discrete items in the current quarter.

Results of Operations for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024						2023
(Dollars in thousands)	Amount			% of Revenue			Amount			% of Revenue
Net revenues	$	743,555			100	%	$	696,930			100	%
Store operating costs:
Cost of labor and chemicals		217,966			29	%		210,376			30	%
Other store operating expenses		298,953			40	%		270,317			39	%
General and administrative		80,058			11	%		78,438			11	%
Gain on sale of assets, net		(552	)		(0	)%		(3,470	)		(0	)%
Total costs and expenses		596,425			80	%		555,661			80	%
Operating income		147,130			20	%		141,269			20	%
Other (income) expense:
Interest expense, net		60,931			8	%		55,143			8	%
Loss on extinguishment of debt		1,882			0	%		-			0	%
Other income		(5,189	)		(1	)%		-			0	%
Total other expense, net		57,624			8	%		55,143			8	%
Income before taxes		89,506			12	%		86,126			12	%
Income tax provision		28,436			4	%		18,373			3	%
Net income	$	61,070			8	%	$	67,753			10	%

Net Revenues

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024		2023		Change	% Change
Net revenues	$	743,555	$	696,930			7	%

All values are in US Dollars.

The increase in net revenues was primarily attributable to growth in UWC Members, price optimization, wash package mix, and the year-over-year addition of 39 locations.

Store Operating Costs

Cost of Labor and Chemicals

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024			2023			Change	% Change
Cost of labor and chemicals	$	217,966		$	210,376				4	%
Percentage of net revenues		29	%		30	%

All values are in US Dollars.

The increase in cost of labor and chemicals was primarily attributable to an increase in volume and the year-over-year addition of 39 locations, as well as some inflationary pressures on store labor, partially offset by labor optimization and scale efficiencies between periods.

Other Store Operating Expenses

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024			2023			Change	% Change
Other store operating expenses	$	298,953		$	270,317				11	%
Percentage of net revenues		40	%		39	%

All values are in US Dollars.

The increase in other store operating expenses was primarily attributable to the year-over-year addition of 39 locations and some inflationary pressures on utilities and maintenance expenses. Rent expense increased approximately $7.7 million primarily due to the addition of 25 net new land and building leases.

General and Administrative

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024			2023			Change	% Change
General and administrative	$	80,058		$	78,438				2	%
Percentage of net revenues		11	%		11	%

All values are in US Dollars.

The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily driven by approximately $4.2 million in third party costs related to our debt refinancing in March 2024 and an increase in stock-based compensation expense and associated taxes of approximately $0.9 million, partially offset by a decrease in marketing expense of approximately $1.5 million and a decrease in travel and other expenses of approximately $2 million.

Gain on Sale of Assets

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024			2023			Change	% Change
Gain sale of assets	$	(552	)	$	(3,470	)			(84	)%
Percentage of net revenues		(0	)%		(0	)%

All values are in US Dollars.

The change in gain on sale of assets was primarily driven by more significant net gains associated with sale-leaseback activity in the prior year.

Total Other Expense, net

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024			2023			Change	% Change
Total other expense, net	$	57,624		$	55,143				4	%
Percentage of net revenues		8	%		8	%

All values are in US Dollars.

The increase in other expense, net was driven by increased interest expense of approximately $5.8 million due to increased long term debt coupled with higher average interest rates and loss on extinguishment of debt of approximately $1.9 million due to our debt refinancing in March 2024, partially offset by a gain of approximately $5.2 million due to the recognition of an employee retention credit.

Income Tax Provision

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024			2023			Change	% Change
Income tax provision	$	28,436		$	18,373				55	%
Percentage of net revenues		4	%		3	%

All values are in US Dollars.

The increase in income tax provision was primarily driven by the net, unfavorable income tax impact from equity awards activity in the current year.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Funding Requirements

Our primary requirements for liquidity and capital are to fund our investments in our core business, which includes lease payments, pursue greenfield location development, and acquisitions of new locations and to service our indebtedness. Historically, these cash requirements have been met through funds raised by the sale of our common stock, utilization of our Revolving Commitment, First Lien Term Loan, sale-leaseback transactions, and cash provided by operations.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents of $16.5 million and $19.0 million, respectively, and $277.8 million and $149.2 million, respectively, of available borrowing capacity under our Revolving Commitment.

For a description of our credit facilities and our recent debt refinancing, please see Note 8 Debt in the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. As of September 30, 2024, we were in compliance with the covenants under the Amended and Restated First Lien Credit Agreement.

We believe that our sources of liquidity and capital will be sufficient to finance our growth strategy and operations, as well as planned capital expenditures, for at least the next 12 months. However, we cannot assure you that cash provided by operating activities or cash

and cash equivalents will be sufficient to meet our future needs. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flows from operations in the future, we may have to obtain additional financing. If we obtain additional capital by issuing equity, the interests of our existing stockholders will be diluted. If we incur additional indebtedness, that indebtedness may contain significant financial and other covenants that may significantly restrict our operations. We cannot assure you that we could obtain additional financing on favorable terms or at all.

Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, net cash provided by operating activities was $198.8 million and was comprised of net income of $61.1 million, increased by $144.5 million as a result of non-cash adjustments including depreciation and amortization expense, stock-based compensation expense, non-cash lease expense, deferred income taxes, a gain on disposal of property and equipment, a loss on extinguishment of debt, and amortization of debt issuance costs. Changes in working capital balances decreased cash provided by operating activities by $6.8 million and were primarily driven by operating lease payments and increases in other receivables, prepaid expenses and other current assets, partially offset by decreases to accounts receivable, net, inventory and other noncurrent assets and liabilities and increases in accounts payable, accrued expenses, and deferred revenue.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, net cash provided by operating activities was $165.5 million and was comprised of net income of $67.8 million, increased by $114.9 million as a result of non-cash adjustments comprised primarily of depreciation and amortization expense, stock-based compensation expense, non-cash lease expense, deferred income taxes, a gain on disposal of property and equipment, and amortization of debt issuance costs. Changes in working capital balances decreased cash provided by operating activities by $17.2 million and were primarily driven by operating lease payments, an increase in accounts receivable, net, offset by increases in accounts payable, accrued expenses, and deferred revenue.

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, net cash used in investing activities was $223.5 million and was primarily comprised of investments in property and equipment to support our greenfield development and other initiatives, offset by the sale of property and equipment.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, net cash used in investing activities was $173.7 million and was primarily comprised of investment in property and equipment to support our greenfield development and other initiatives and two acquisitions, offset by the sale of property and equipment.

Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities

For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, net cash provided by financing activities was $22.1 million and was primarily comprised of proceeds from our refinancing of the First Lien Term Loan and Revolving Commitment, partially offset by payments for payroll tax withholdings to settle cashless stock option exercises, payments on debt borrowings and Revolving Commitment, and payments of deferred financing costs due to our debt refinancing.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, net cash provided by financing activities was $5.2 million and was primarily comprised of proceeds from exercise of stock options, partially offset by payments on finance lease obligations.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities.

On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions, including those related to revenue recognition, goodwill and other intangible assets, income taxes and stock-based compensation. We base our estimates on historical experience, current developments and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under these circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about carrying values of assets and liabilities that cannot readily be determined from other sources. There can be no assurance that actual results will not differ from those estimates.

The significant accounting policies and estimates used in preparation of the consolidated financial statements are described in our 2023 Form 10-K. There have been no material changes to our significant accounting policies during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

There have been no material changes in our exposure to market risk from the information provided in "Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" in our 2023 Form 10-K.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

In order to ensure that the information we must disclose in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") is recorded, processed, summarized and reported on a timely basis, we have developed and implemented disclosure controls and procedures. Our management, with the participation of our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of September 30, 2024. Based on that evaluation, our management, including the President and Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, has concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2024 in ensuring that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the President and Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended September 30, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

We are subjected from time-to-time to various claims, lawsuits and other legal proceedings. Some of these claims, lawsuits and other legal proceedings involve highly complex issues, and often these issues are subject to substantial uncertainties. Accordingly, our potential liability with respect to a large portion of such claims, lawsuits and other legal proceedings cannot be estimated with certainty. Management, with the assistance of legal counsel, periodically reviews the status of each significant matter and assesses potential financial exposure. We recognize provisions for claims or pending litigation when we determine that an unfavorable outcome is probable and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Due to the inherent uncertain nature of litigation, the ultimate outcome or actual cost of settlement may materially vary from estimates. If management’s estimates prove incorrect, we could incur a charge to earnings which could have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Class Action Litigation

On February 14, 2023, a plaintiff filed a purported class action lawsuit in the Stanislaus County Superior Court, California, on behalf of all non-exempt employees employed by Defendants Prime Shine LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, in California any time between February 14, 2019, and the present, against Prime Shine, LLC and Does 1 – 20 inclusive. Plaintiff alleges eight claims for violations of the California Labor Code and one claim for violation of the California Business & Professions Code. On June 13, 2023, Plaintiff filed a First Amended Complaint to add a claim for penalties pursuant to the Private Attorneys General Act. Plaintiff seeks, among other things, an unspecified amount for unpaid wages, actual, consequential, and incidental losses, penalties, and attorneys’ fees and costs. The parties agreed to an informal exchange of information in lieu of formal discovery prior to mediation with an experienced wage-and-hour mediator. In October 2023, following mediation, both parties agreed to settle the lawsuit. A financial amount was accrued that was not material to our consolidated financial statements. A formal written settlement agreement has been executed by the parties and the Court granted preliminary approval of settlement. No putative class members objected or opted out of the settlement during the class action settlement notice period. The Court entered final approval of the class action settlement on July 19, 2024. In August 2024, the Company made the settlement payment in accordance with the Court's final approval, fulfilling our financial obligation under the terms of the settlement agreement. By mid-2025, the court clerk is expected to administratively close the case.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes to the risk factors described in Part I. Item 1A. "Risk Factors" of our 2023 Form 10-K.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plan Arrangements

During the three months ended September 30, 2024, none of the directors or officers of the Company adopted, modified or terminated any “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement”, as those terms are defined in Regulation S-K, Item 408.

Item 6. Exhibits.

Exhibit<br><br>Number	Description	Form	File. No	Exhibit	Filing Date	Filed/Furnished Herewith
3.1	Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company	8-K	001-40542	3.2	06/01/2022
3.2	Certificate of Amendment of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company	8-K	001-40542	3.1	06/01/2023
3.3	Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company	8-K	001-40542	3.2	07/02/2021
31.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.					*
31.2	Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.					*
32.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.					**
32.2	Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.					**
101.INS	Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.					*
101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document					*
101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document					*
101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document					*
101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document					*
101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document					*
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)					*

* Filed herewith.

** Furnished herewith.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	Mister Car Wash, Inc.
Date: November 01, 2024	By:	/s/ John Lai
		John Lai
		Chairperson, President and Chief Executive Officer<br><br>(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: November 01, 2024	By:	/s/ Jedidiah Gold
		Jedidiah Gold
		Chief Financial Officer<br><br>(Principal Financial Officer)

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, John Lai, certify that:

• I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024 of Mister Car Wash, Inc.;
• Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
• Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
• The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

• The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 01, 2024	By:	/s/ John Lai
		John Lai
		Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer<br><br>(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Jedidiah Gold, certify that:

• I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024 of Mister Car Wash, Inc.;
• Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
• Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
• The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

• The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 01, 2024	By:	/s/ Jedidiah Gold
		Jedidiah Gold
		Chief Financial Officer<br><br>(Principal Financial Officer)

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Mister Car Wash, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

Date: November 01, 2024	By:	/s/ John Lai
		John Lai
		Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer<br><br>(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Mister Car Wash, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

Date: November 01, 2024	By:	/s/ Jedidiah Gold
		Jedidiah Gold
		Chief Financial Officer<br><br>(Principal Financial Officer)