10-K
PGIM Private Credit Fund (PGIM)
Table of Contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
☒**** Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31 , 2023
OR
☐Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period from to ****
Commission File Number: 814-01582
PGIM Private Credit Fund
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)
| Delaware | **** | 88-1771414 |
|---|---|---|
| (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | | (IRS Employer Identification No.) |
| | | |
| 655 Broad Street | | |
| Newark , NJ | | 07102-4410 |
| (Address of Principal Executive Offices) | | (Zip Code) |
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code): ( 844 ) 753-6354
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| None | **** | No t applicable | **** | Not applicable |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Title of each class) | | (Trading Symbol(s)) | | (Name of each exchange on which registered) |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Class I Common shares, par value $0.001
Class S Common shares, par value $0.001
Class D Common shares, par value $0.001
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days: Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act):
| Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non-accelerated filer | ☒ | Smaller Reporting company | ☐ |
| | Emerging growth company | ☒ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
As of December 31, 2023, there was no established public market for the Registrant’s common shares of beneficial interest.
The number of shares of Registrant’s common shares of beneficial interest, $0.001 par value per share, outstanding as of March 25, 2024 was 4,382,089, 423, and 424 of Class I, Class S and Class D, respectively.
Documents Incorporated by Reference NONE.
Table of Contents Table of Contents
| | | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | **** | Page | |
| PART **** I | | | | 3 |
| Item 1. | | Business | | 3 |
| Item 1A. | | Risk Factors | | 22 |
| Item 1B. | | Unresolved Staff Comments | | 59 |
| Item 1C. | | Cybersecurity | | 59 |
| Item 2. | | Properties | | 61 |
| Item 3. | | Legal Proceedings | | 61 |
| Item 4. | | Mine Safety Disclosures | | 61 |
| | | | | |
| PART **** II | | | | 61 |
| Item 5. | | Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities | | 61 |
| Item 6. | | [Reserved] | | 64 |
| Item 7. | | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | | 65 |
| Item 7A. | | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | | 75 |
| Item 8. | | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data | | 77 |
| Item 9. | | Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure | | 113 |
| Item 9A. | | Controls and Procedures | | 113 |
| Item 9B. | | Other Information | | 113 |
| Item 9C. | | Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections | | 114 |
| | | | | |
| PART **** III | | | | 115 |
| Item 10. | | Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance | | 115 |
| Item 11. | | Executive Compensation | | 121 |
| Item 12. | | Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters | | 121 |
| Item 13. | | Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence | | 122 |
| Item 14. | | Principal Accounting Fees and Services | | 124 |
| | | | | |
| PART **** IV | | | | 126 |
| Item 15. | | Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules | | 126 |
| Item 16. | | Form 10-K Summary | | 128 |
| | | | | |
| Signatures | | | | 129 |
Table of Contents CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This report contains forward-looking statements about the PGIM Private Credit Fund’s (the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) business, including, in particular, statements about the Company’s plans, strategies and objectives. You can generally identify forward-looking statements by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “believe,” “continue” or other similar words. These statements include the Company’s plans and objectives for future operations, including plans and objectives relating to future growth and availability of funds, and are based on current expectations that involve numerous risks and uncertainties. Assumptions relating to these statements involve judgments with respect to, among other things, future economic, competitive and market conditions and future business decisions, all of which are difficult or impossible to accurately predict and many of which are beyond the Company’s control. Although the Company believes the assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements, and the forward-looking statements themselves, are reasonable, any of the assumptions could be inaccurate and, therefore, there can be no assurance that these forward-looking statements will prove to be accurate and the Company’s actual results, performance and achievements may be materially different from that expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in these forward looking statements, the inclusion of this information should not be regarded as a representation by the Company or any other person that the Company’s objectives and plans, which the Company considers to be reasonable, will be achieved. These risks, uncertainties and other factors include, without limitation:
| ● | our future operating results; |
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| ● | our business prospects and the prospects of the companies in which we may invest; |
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| ● | the impact of the investments that we expect to make; |
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| ● | our ability to raise sufficient capital and repurchase the Company’s common shares of beneficial interest (“Common Shares”) to execute our investment strategy; |
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| ● | general economic, logistical and political trends and other external factors, including inflation and supply chain and labor market disruptions; |
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| ● | the ability of our portfolio companies to achieve their objectives; |
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| ● | our current and expected financing arrangements and investments; |
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| ● | changes in the general interest rate environment; |
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| ● | the adequacy of our cash resources, future financing sources and working capital; |
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| ● | the timing and amount of cash flows, distributions and dividends, if any, from our portfolio companies; |
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| ● | our contractual arrangements and relationships with third parties; |
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| ● | risks associated with the demand for liquidity under our share repurchase program and the Board of Trustees’ (the “Board” and the members thereof, the “Trustees”) continued approval of quarterly tender offers; |
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| ● | actual and potential conflicts of interest with PGIM Investments LLC (“PGIM Investments,” the “Manager” or the “Valuation Designee”) or any of its affiliates; |
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| ● | the elevating levels of inflation, and its impact on our portfolio companies and on the industries in which we invest; |
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| ● | the dependence of our future success on the general economy and its effect on the industries in which we may invest; |
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| ● | the ability of the Manager to source suitable investments for us and to monitor and administer our investments; |
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| ● | the impact of future acquisitions and divestitures; |
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Table of Contents
| ● | the ability of the Manager or its affiliates to attract and retain highly talented professionals; |
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| ● | general price and volume fluctuations in the stock market; |
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| ● | our ability to maintain our qualification as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) and as a business development company (“BDC”); |
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| ● | the impact on our business of U.S. and international financial reform legislation, rules and regulations; |
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| ● | the effect of changes to tax legislation and our tax position; and |
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| ● | the tax status of the enterprises in which we may invest. |
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You should carefully review the “Item 1A. Risk Factors” section in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and any additional disclosures that the Company makes directly to you or through reports that the Company files with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for a discussion of the risks and uncertainties that the Company believes are material to its business, operating results, prospects and financial condition. Except as otherwise required by federal securities laws, the Company does not undertake to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Table of Contents Risk Factor Summary
The following is only a summary of the principal risks that may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. The following should be read in conjunction with the more complete discussion of the risk factors we face, which are set forth in the section entitled “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Risks Related to Our Business and Structure
| · | We are a relatively new company and have a limited operating history. |
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| · | The Board may change our operating policies and strategies or amend our Second Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust (the “Declaration of Trust”) without prior notice or shareholder approval. |
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| · | Price declines in the medium- and large-sized U.S. corporate debt market may adversely affect the fair value of our portfolio, reducing our net asset value (“NAV”) through increased net unrealized depreciation. |
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| · | We may face increasing competition for investment opportunities, which could delay deployment of our capital, reduce returns and result in losses. |
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| · | As required by the 1940 Act, a significant portion of our investment portfolio is and will be recorded at fair value as determined in good faith and, as a result, there is and will be uncertainty as to the value of our portfolio investments. |
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| · | There is a risk that investors in our shares may not receive distributions. |
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| · | Although we will commence a share repurchase program, we have discretion to not repurchase your shares or to suspend the program. |
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| · | The timing of our repurchase offers pursuant to our share repurchase program may be at a time that is disadvantageous to our shareholders. |
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| · | Efforts to comply with regulations applicable to public companies will involve significant expenditures and non-compliance with such regulations may adversely affect us. |
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| · | Changes in laws or regulations governing our operations may adversely affect our business or cause us to alter our business strategy. |
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| · | We may experience fluctuations in our quarterly results. |
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Risks Related to Our Investments
| · | Our investments in prospective portfolio companies may be risky, and we could lose all or part of our investment. |
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| · | The Company may invest in portfolio companies whose capital structures may have significant leverage. |
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| · | Investments in middle market companies involve a number of significant risks, any one of which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results. |
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| · | Loans to private companies involve risks that may not exist in the case of more established and/or publicly traded companies. |
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| · | The Company generally will not control its portfolio companies and, due to the illiquid nature of the Company’s holdings in its portfolio companies, the Company may not be able to dispose of its interests in portfolio companies. |
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| · | The Company will be exposed to risks associated with changes in interest rates. |
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| · | A lack of liquidity in certain of the Company’s investments may adversely affect the Company’s business. |
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Risks Related to the Manager and Its Affiliates; Conflicts of Interest
| · | The Manager, the Subadviser (defined below) and their affiliates, including our officers and some of our Trustees, face conflicts of interest caused by compensation arrangements with us and our affiliates, which could result in actions that are not in the best interests of our shareholders. |
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| · | We may be obligated to pay the Manager incentive compensation even if we incur a net loss due to a decline in the value of our portfolio. |
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| · | There may be conflicts of interest related to obligations that the Manager’s or Subadviser’s senior management and investment team have to other clients. |
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| · | The time and resources that individuals employed by the Manager and Subadviser devote to us may be diverted and we may face additional competition due to the fact that individuals employed by the Manager and Subadviser are not prohibited from raising money for or managing other entities that make the same types of investments that we target. |
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| · | The Manager and the Subadviser rely on key personnel, the loss of any of whom could impair their ability to successfully manage us. |
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Table of Contents Risks Related to Business Development Companies
| · | The requirement that we invest a sufficient portion of our assets in Qualifying Assets could preclude us from investing in accordance with our current business strategy; conversely, the failure to invest a sufficient portion of our assets in Qualifying Assets could result in our failure to maintain our status as a BDC. |
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| · | Regulations governing our operation as a BDC and RIC will affect our ability to raise, and the way in which we raise, additional capital or borrow for investment purposes, which may have a negative effect on our growth. |
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| · | Our ability to enter into transactions with our affiliates is restricted. |
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| · | We are a non-diversified investment company within the meaning of the 1940 Act, and therefore we are not limited with respect to the proportion of our assets that may be invested in securities of a single issuer. |
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Risks Related to the Company’s use of Leverage
| · | When we use leverage, the potential for loss on amounts invested in us will be magnified and may increase the risk of investing in us. Leverage may also adversely affect the return on our assets, reduce cash available for distribution to our shareholders and result in losses. |
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| · | We may default under our credit facilities. |
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| · | Provisions in a credit facility may limit our investment discretion. |
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Federal Income Tax Risks
| · | We will be subject to corporate-level income tax if we are unable to qualify as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code or to satisfy RIC distribution requirements. |
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| · | Our portfolio investments may present special tax issues. |
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| · | Legislative or regulatory tax changes could adversely affect investors. |
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Risks Related to an Investment in the Shares
| · | Investing in our shares involves a high degree of risk. |
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| · | We may have difficulty sourcing investment opportunities. |
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| · | An investment in our shares will have limited liquidity. |
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| · | Shareholders may experience dilution. |
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| · | The NAV of our shares may fluctuate significantly. |
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Risks Related to Market Events and Regulatory Developments
| · | The outbreak of the epidemics/pandemics could adversely affect the performance of our investments. |
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| · | Terrorist attacks, acts of war, global health emergencies or natural disasters may adversely affect our operations. |
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| · | The Russian invasion of Ukraine may have a material adverse impact on us and our portfolio companies. |
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| · | The October 7th attacks on Israel and subsequent conflicts may have a material adverse impact on us and our portfolio companies. |
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| · | We may be impacted by general global economic conditions. |
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| · | We may face a breach of our cyber security, which could result in adverse consequences to our operations and exposure of confidential information. |
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Table of Contents PART I
Item 1. Business.
The Company is a Delaware statutory trust formed on March 21, 2022. The Company currently invests and intends to continue investing primarily in privately placed floating rate leveraged (below investment grade) debt, including, but not limited to, senior secured, first lien, debt issuances in middle market companies primarily in the United States as well as up to 30% of its total assets in investments in other countries (primarily Canada, Europe, Australia and Latin America). The Company currently is majority-owned by Prudential Insurance Company of America (“PICA”), an affiliate of the Company and the Manager. The Company elected to be regulated as a BDC under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) effective May 5, 2023. The Company also intends to elect to be treated, and qualify annually, as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes as defined under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) commencing with its initial taxable year ended December 31, 2023.
The Company’s investment objective is to seek to generate current income and, to a lesser extent, long-term capital appreciation. Under normal circumstances, the Company intends to invest at least 80% of its total assets (net assets plus borrowings for investment purposes) in private credit investments. The Company considers private credit investments to include loans, bonds and other credit instruments that are issued in private offerings or issued by private companies. Under normal circumstances, it is expected that the Company will primarily be invested in privately originated and privately negotiated direct lending investments to U.S. middle market companies through (i) first lien senior secured loans (including club deals by a small group of investment firms), and (ii) with not more than 20% of total invested capital in senior secured second and third lien loans, and unsecured loans.
The Company is currently offering on a continuous basis up to $2,500,000,000 of Common Shares pursuant to an offering registered with the SEC. The Company is offering to sell any combination of three classes of Common Shares—Class I shares (“Class I Shares”), Class S shares (“Class S Shares”), and Class D shares (“Class D Shares”)—with a dollar value up to the maximum offering amount. The share classes have different ongoing shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees. The purchase price per share for each class of Common Shares will equal the Company’s net asset value (“NAV”) per share, as of the effective date of the monthly share purchase date. Prudential Investment Management Services, LLC, the principal underwriter and distributor of the Company’s Common Shares (the “Intermediary Manager” or “PIMS”) for this offering, will use its best efforts to sell shares, but is not obligated to purchase or sell any specific amount of shares in this offering.
The Manager and the Subadviser
PGIM Investments LLC, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Financial, Inc. (“Prudential”) and a registered investment adviser, is the Company’s investment manager (the “Manager” or “PGIM Investments”). The Manager has engaged PGIM, Inc. (the “Subadviser” or “PGIM”), an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential, as the Company’s subadviser. PGIM will provide day-to-day management of the Company’s portfolio primarily through its dedicated private credit asset management business unit, PGIM Private Capital (“PPC”), although the Manager is permitted to allocate portions of the Company’s portfolio to any of the business units within PGIM.
Management Agreement
The Manager provides management services to the Company pursuant to an amended and restated management agreement between the Company and the Manager (the “Management Agreement”). Under the terms of the Management Agreement, the Manager is responsible for the following:
| ● | determining the composition of our portfolio, the nature and timing of the changes to the Company’s portfolio and the manner of implementing such changes in accordance with the Company’s investment objective, policies and restrictions; |
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| ● | identifying investment opportunities and making investment decisions for the Company, including negotiating the terms of investments in, and dispositions of, portfolio securities and other instruments on the Company’s behalf; |
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| ● | monitoring the Company’s investments; |
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| ● | performing due diligence on prospective portfolio companies; |
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| ● | exercising voting rights in respect of portfolio securities and other investments for the Company; |
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| ● | serving on, and exercising observer rights for, boards of directors and similar committees of the Company’s portfolio companies; |
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| ● | negotiating, obtaining and managing financing facilities and other forms of leverage; |
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| ● | reviewing the performance of the Subadviser and making recommendations to the Board with respect to the retention of subadvisers and the renewal of subadvisory contracts; |
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| ● | administering the Company’s corporate affairs and, in connection therewith, furnishing the Company with office facilities, together with those ordinary clerical and bookkeeping services which are not being furnished by the Company’s custodian and transfer agent; and |
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| ● | providing the Company with such other investment advisory and related services as the Company may, from time to time, reasonably require for the investment of capital. |
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The Manager has delegated the investment advisory services it is responsible for providing under the Management Agreement to the Subadviser. See “Subadvisory Agreement”.
The Manager’s services under the Management Agreement are not exclusive, and each of the Manager and its affiliates is free to furnish similar services to other entities, and it intends to do so, so long as its services to the Company are not impaired.
The Management Agreement provides that the Manager will not be liable for any error of judgment by the Manager or for any loss suffered by the Company in connection with the matters to which the Management Agreement relates, except a loss resulting from a breach of fiduciary duty with respect to the receipt of compensation for services (in which case any award of damages shall be limited to the period and the amount set forth in Section 36(b)(3) of the 1940 Act) or loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence on its part in the performance of its duties or reckless disregard by it of its obligations and duties under the Management Agreement. The Management Agreement provides that it will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act), and that it may be terminated without penalty by either the Company by the Board or vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Company (as defined in the 1940 Act) upon 60 days’ written notice or by the Manager upon not less than 120 days’ written notice to the Company and its shareholders. The Management Agreement will continue in effect for a period of more than two years from the date of execution only so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act.
Subadvisory Agreement
The Manager has entered into an amended and restated subadvisory agreement (the “Subadvisory Agreement”) with the Subadviser, which provides that the Subadviser will furnish investment advisory services in connection with the management of the Company.
Under the Subadvisory Agreement, the Subadviser, subject to the supervision of the Manager, is responsible for managing the assets of the Company in accordance with the Company’s investment objective, investment program and policies. The Subadviser determines what private credit and other instruments are purchased and sold for the Company and is responsible for obtaining and evaluating financial data relevant to the Company. The Manager continues to have responsibility for all investment advisory services pursuant to the Management Agreement and supervises the Subadviser’s performance of such services.
The Subadvisory Agreement provides that it will terminate in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act) or upon the termination of the Management Agreement. The Subadvisory Agreement may be terminated by the Company, PGIM Investments, or the Subadviser upon not more than 60 days’ nor less than 30 days’ written notice. Unless earlier terminated as described below, the Subadvisory Agreement will remain in effect for a period of two years from the date it first becomes effective and will remain in effect from year-to-year thereafter if approved annually in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act. Any new subadvisory agreement or amendment to the Company’s Management Agreement or Subadvisory Agreement that directly or indirectly results in an increase in the aggregate management fee rate payable by the Company will be submitted to the Company’s shareholders for their approval. PGIM Investments does not currently intend to retain unaffiliated subadvisers. 4
Table of Contents Compensation of Manager
The Company will pay the Manager a fee for its services under the Management Agreement consisting of two components: a management fee and an incentive fee. The cost of both the management fee and the incentive fee will ultimately be borne by the shareholders. The Manager pays all or a portion of the management fee and the incentive fee to the Subadviser. The Company does not directly compensate the Subadviser for its sub-advisory services.
Management Fee
PGIM Investments will receive a management fee from the Company. The base management fee is payable monthly in arrears at an annual rate of 1.25% of the value of the Company’s net assets as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the applicable month. For the first calendar month, net assets will be measured as the date that the Company first publicly sells shares to a person or entity other than the Manager or its affiliates. The Manager has contractually agreed to waive its management fee in its entirety through December 31, 2024 (the “Waiver Period”). The Manager previously contractually agreed to waive it management fee in its entirety for one year from May 5, 2023, the effective date of the Company’s registration statement. The longer an investor holds Common Shares during this period, the longer such investor will receive the benefit of this management fee Waiver Period.
Incentive Fee
The incentive fee consists of two components that are independent of each other, with the result that one component may be payable even if the other is not. A portion of the incentive fee is based on a percentage of our income and a portion is based on a percentage of our capital gains, each as described below. The Manager has contractually agreed to waive its incentive fee in its entirety for the Waiver Period. The Manager previously contractually agreed to waive its incentive fee in its entirety for one year from May 5, 2023, the effective date of the Company’s registration statement.
Incentive Fee Based on Income
The portion based on our income is based on Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns. “Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns” means, as the context requires, either the dollar value of, or percentage rate of return on the value of our net assets at the end of the immediate preceding quarter from, interest income, dividend income and any other income (including any other fees (other than fees for providing managerial assistance), such as commitment, origination, structuring, diligence and consulting fees or other fees that we receive from portfolio companies) accrued during the calendar quarter, minus our operating expenses accrued for the quarter (including the management fee, expenses payable under the administration agreement, by and between the Company and State Street Bank and Trust Company, and any interest expense or fees on any credit facilities or outstanding debt and dividends paid on any issued and outstanding preferred shares, but excluding the incentive fee and any shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees).
Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns include, in the case of investments with a deferred interest feature (such as original issue discount, debt instruments with PIK interest and zero coupon securities), accrued income that we have not yet received in cash. Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns do not include any realized capital gains, realized capital losses or unrealized capital appreciation or depreciation. The impact of expense support payments and recoupments are also excluded from Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns.
Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns, expressed as a rate of return on the value of our net assets at the end of the immediate preceding quarter, is compared to a “hurdle rate” of return of 1.25% per quarter (5.0% annualized).
The Company will pay the Manager an incentive fee quarterly in arrears with respect to our Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns in each calendar quarter as follows:
| ● | No incentive fee based on Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns in any calendar quarter in which our Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns do not exceed the hurdle rate of 1.25% per quarter (5.0% annualized); |
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| ● | 100% of the dollar amount of our Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns with respect to that portion of such Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns, if any, that exceeds the hurdle rate but is less than a rate of return of 1.43% (5.72% annualized). We refer to this portion of our Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns (which exceeds the hurdle rate but is less than 1.43%) as the “catch-up.” The “catch-up” is meant to provide the Manager with approximately 12.5% of our Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns as if a hurdle rate did not apply if this net investment income exceeds 1.43% in any calendar quarter; and |
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| ● | 12.5% of the dollar amount of our Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns, if any, that exceed a rate of return of 1.43% (5.72% annualized). This reflects that once the hurdle rate is reached and the catch-up is achieved, 12.5% of all Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns thereafter are allocated to the Manager. |
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Percentage of Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Allocated to Quarterly Incentive Fee
These calculations are pro-rated for any period of less than three months and adjusted for any share issuances or repurchases during the relevant quarter. You should be aware that a rise in the general level of interest rates can be expected to lead to higher interest rates applicable to our debt investments. Accordingly, an increase in interest rates would make it easier for us to meet or exceed the incentive fee hurdle rate and may result in a substantial increase of the amount of incentive fees payable to the Manager with respect to Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns. Because of the structure of the incentive fee, it is possible that we may pay an incentive fee in a calendar quarter in which we incur an overall loss taking into account capital account losses. For example, if we receive Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns in excess of the quarterly hurdle rate, we will pay the applicable incentive fee even if we have incurred a loss in that calendar quarter due to realized and unrealized capital losses. In addition, Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Return is expressed as a rate of return on the value of the Company’s net assets at the end of the immediately preceding quarter, so to the extent there are share issuances or repurchases during the quarter, it may affect the rate of return.
Incentive Fee Based on Capital Gains
The second component of the incentive fee, the capital gains incentive fee, is payable at the end of each calendar year in arrears. The amount payable equals:
| ● | 12.5% of cumulative realized capital gains from inception through the end of such calendar year, computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation on a cumulative basis, less the aggregate amount of any previously paid incentive fee on capital gains as calculated in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). |
|---|
Each year, the fee paid for the capital gains incentive fee is net of the aggregate amount of any previously paid capital gains incentive fee for all prior periods. We will accrue, but will not pay, a capital gains incentive fee with respect to unrealized appreciation because a capital gains incentive fee would be owed to the Manager if we were to sell the relevant investment and realize a capital gain. In no event will the capital gains incentive fee payable pursuant to the Management Agreement be in excess of the amount permitted by the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (“Advisers Act”), including Section 205 thereof.
The fees that are payable under the Management Agreement for any partial period will be appropriately prorated. 6
Table of Contents Sub-Advisory Fee
The Manager will pay a portion of the management fees and incentive fees it receives from the Company to the Subadviser. No advisory fees will be paid by the Company directly to the Subadviser. The Subadviser has contractually agreed to waive its portion of the management fees and incentive fees in their entirety for the Waiver Period. The Subadviser previously contractually agreed to waive its portion of the management fees and incentive fees in their entirety for one year from May 5, 2023, the effective date of the Company’s registration statement.
Under the Subadvisory Agreement, the Subadviser, subject to the supervision of the Manager, is responsible for managing the assets of the Company in accordance with the Company’s investment objective, investment program and policies. The Subadviser determines what private credit and other instruments are purchased and sold for the Company and is responsible for obtaining and evaluating financial data relevant to the Company. The Manager continues to have responsibility for all investment advisory services pursuant to the Management Agreement and supervises the Subadviser’s performance of such services.
Intermediary Manager Agreement
The Company entered into an intermediary manager agreement (the “Intermediary Manager Agreement”) with PIMS, who will be principal underwriter and distributor of the Company’s Common Shares, an affiliate of the Manager. The Intermediary Manager will be entitled to receive shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees with respect to the Class S and Class D Common Shares on an annualized basis as a percentage of the NAV for such class, subject to the inception of each class. The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees will be paid monthly in arrears at an annual rate of 0.85% and 0.25% for Class S and D, respectively, calculated using the NAV of the applicable class as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the month.
Administrative Services
The Manager provides, or oversees the performance of, administrative and compliance services, including, but not limited to, maintaining financial records, overseeing the calculation of the Company’s NAV per share, compliance monitoring (including diligence and oversight of our other service providers), preparing reports to shareholders and reports filed with the SEC and other regulators, preparing materials and coordinating meetings of the Board, managing the payment of expenses, the payment and receipt of funds for investments and the performance of administrative and professional services rendered by others and providing office space, equipment and office services.
Certain Terms of the Management Agreement
The Management Agreement has been approved by the Board. Unless earlier terminated as described below, the Management Agreement will remain in effect for a period of two years from the date it first becomes effective and will remain in effect from year-to-year thereafter if approved annually by a majority of the Board of Trustees or by the holders of a majority of our outstanding voting securities (as defined by the 1940 Act) and, in each case, a majority of Trustees who are not deemed to be “interested persons” of the Company, as defined in the 1940 Act (the “Independent Trustees”). The Company may terminate the Management Agreement, without payment of any penalty, upon 60 days’ written notice. The decision to terminate either agreement may be made by a majority of the Board or the shareholders holding a majority of our outstanding voting securities, which means the lesser of (1) 67% or more of the voting securities present at a meeting if more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities are present or represented by proxy, or (2) more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities. In addition, without payment of any penalty, the Manager may terminate the Management Agreement upon not less than 120 days’ written notice to the Company and the Company’s shareholders. The Management Agreement will automatically terminate within the meaning of the 1940 Act and related SEC guidance and interpretations in the event of its assignment.
The Manager shall not be liable for any error of judgment or for any loss suffered by the Company in connection with the matters to which the Management Agreement relates, except a loss resulting from a breach of fiduciary duty with respect to the receipt of compensation for services (in which case any award of damages shall be limited to the period and the amount set forth in Section 36(b)(3) of the 1940 Act) or loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence on its part in the performance of its duties or from reckless disregard by it of its obligations and duties under the Management Agreement. 7
Table of Contents The Company shall indemnify the Manager and hold it harmless from and against all damages, liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and amounts reasonably paid in settlements) incurred by the Manager in or by reason of any pending, threatened or completed action, suit, investigation or other proceeding (including an action or suit by or in the right of the Company or its security holders) arising out of or otherwise based upon any action actually or allegedly taken or omitted to be taken by the Manager in connection with the performance of any of their duties or obligations under this Agreement; provided, however, that nothing contained herein shall protect or be deemed to protect the Manager against or entitle or be deemed to entitle the Manager to indemnification in respect of any liability to the Company or its security holders to which the Manager would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence in the performance of its duties, by reason of the reckless disregard of its duties and obligations under the Management Agreement.
Distributions
We have declared distributions each month beginning in November 2023 through the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and expect to continue to pay regular monthly distributions. Any distributions we make will be at the discretion of the Board, considering factors such as our earnings, cash flow, capital needs and general financial condition and the requirements of Delaware law. As a result, our distribution rates and payment frequency may vary from time to time.
The Board’s discretion as to the payment of distributions will be directed, in substantial part, by its determination to cause us to comply with the RIC requirements. To maintain our treatment as a RIC, we generally are required to make aggregate annual distributions to our shareholders of at least 90% of our net investment income.
The per share amount of distributions on Class I, Class S and Class D Shares generally differ because of different class-specific shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees that are deducted from the gross distributions for each share class. Specifically, distributions on Class S shares will be lower than Class D Shares, and Class D Shares will be lower than Class I Shares because we are required to pay higher ongoing shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees with respect to the Class S Shares (compared to Class D Shares and Class I Shares) and we are required to pay higher ongoing shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees with respect to Class D Shares (compared to Class I Shares).
There is no assurance we will pay distributions in any particular amount, if at all. We may fund any distributions from sources other than cash flow from operations, including the sale of assets, borrowings, return of capital or offering proceeds, and although we generally expect to fund distributions from cash flow from operations, we have not established limits on the amounts we may pay from such sources. Any capital returned through distributions will be returned after the payment of fees and expenses. The use of borrowings to pay distributions is subject to limitations outlined in Section 5.4(f) of our Declaration of Trust. The extent to which we pay distributions from sources other than cash flow from operations will depend on various factors, including the level of participation in our distribution reinvestment plan, how quickly we invest the proceeds from this and any future offering and the performance of our investments. Funding distributions from the sales of assets, borrowings or return of capital will result in us having less funds available to acquire investments. As a result, the return you realize on your investment may be reduced. Doing so may also negatively impact our ability to generate cash flows. Likewise, funding distributions from the sale of additional securities will dilute your interest in us on a percentage basis and may impact the value of your investment especially if we sell these securities at prices less than the price you paid for your shares. We believe the likelihood that we pay distributions from sources other than cash flow from operations will be higher in the early stages of the offering.
Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fees — Class S and Class D
The following table shows the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees we pay PIMS, the principal underwriter and distributor of the Company’s Common Shares with respect to the Class I, Class S and Class D on an annualized basis as a percentage of our NAV for such class. The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees will be paid monthly in arrears, calculated using the NAV of the applicable class as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the month.
| | | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | Shareholder Servicing | **** |
| | | and/or Distribution Fee | **** |
| | | as a % of NAV | **** |
| Class I Shares | None | | |
| Class S Shares | 0.85 | % | |
| Class D Shares | 0.25 | % |
8
Table of Contents Subject to Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) and other limitations on underwriting compensation, we will pay a shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee equal to 0.85% per annum of the aggregate NAV for the Class S Shares and a shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee equal to 0.25% per annum of the aggregate NAV for the Class D Shares, in each case, payable monthly.
The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees will be paid monthly in arrears. The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees are similar to sales commissions. The distribution and servicing expenses borne by the participating brokers may be different from and substantially less than the amount of shareholder servicing and/ or distribution fees charged. The Intermediary Manager will reallow (pay) all or a portion of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to participating brokers and servicing brokers for ongoing shareholder services performed by such brokers, and will waive shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to the extent a broker is not eligible to receive it for failure to provide such services. All or a portion of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee may be used to pay for sub-transfer agency, and sub-accounting services that are not required to be paid pursuant to the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees under FINRA rules. The Company also may pay for these sub-transfer agency and sub-accounting and certain other administrative services outside of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees and its distribution and servicing plan (the “Distribution and Servicing Plan”). Because the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees with respect to Class S Shares and Class D Shares are calculated based on the aggregate NAV for all of the outstanding shares of each such class, it reduces the NAV with respect to all shares of each such class, including shares issued under our distribution reinvestment plan.
Eligibility to receive the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee is conditioned on a broker providing the following ongoing services with respect to the Class S or Class D Shares: assistance with recordkeeping, answering investor inquiries regarding us, including regarding distribution payments and reinvestments, helping investors understand their investments upon their request, and assistance with share repurchase requests. If the applicable broker is not eligible to receive the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee due to failure to provide these services, the Intermediary Manager will waive the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee that broker would have otherwise been eligible to receive. The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees are ongoing fees that are not paid at the time of purchase.
Distribution Reinvestment Plan
We have adopted a distribution reinvestment plan, pursuant to which we will reinvest all cash dividends declared by the Board on behalf of our shareholders who do not elect to receive their dividends in cash as provided below. As a result, if the Board authorizes, and we declare, a cash dividend or other distribution, then our shareholders who have not opted out of our distribution reinvestment plan will have their cash distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares as described below, rather than receiving the cash dividend or other distribution. Distributions on fractional shares will be credited to each participating shareholder’s account to three decimal places.
No action is required on the part of a registered shareholder to have his, her or its cash dividend or other distribution reinvested in our shares, except shareholders in certain states. Shareholders can elect to “opt out” of the Company’s distribution reinvestment plan in their subscription agreements (other than Alabama, Arkansas, Idaho, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nebraska, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Texas, Vermont and Washington investors and clients of certain participating brokers that do not permit automatic enrollment in our distribution reinvestment plan and must affirmatively opt in to participate in the plan). Alabama, Arkansas, Idaho, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nebraska, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Texas, Vermont and Washington investors and clients of certain participating brokers that do not permit automatic enrollment in our distribution reinvestment plan will automatically receive their distributions in cash unless they elect to have their cash distributions reinvested in additional Common Shares.
If any shareholder initially elects not to participate, they may later become a participant by subsequently completing and executing an enrollment form or any distribution authorization form as may be available from the Company, Prudential Mutual Company Services LLC or SS&C GIDS, Inc. Participation in the distribution reinvestment plan will begin with the next distribution payable after acceptance of a participant’s subscription, enrollment or authorization. Shares will be purchased under the distribution reinvestment plan as of the first calendar day of the month following the record date of the distribution. 9
Table of Contents Share Repurchase Program
Beginning in the first quarter of 2024, the Company expects to provide liquidity through a quarterly repurchase program pursuant to which it will offer to repurchase, in each quarter, up to 5% of its Common Shares outstanding (either by number of shares or aggregate NAV) as of the close of the previous calendar quarter. The Board may amend or suspend the share repurchase program if in its reasonable judgment it deems such action to be in our best interest and the best interest of our shareholders. As a result, share repurchases may not be available each quarter, such as when a repurchase offer would place an undue burden on our liquidity, adversely affect our operations or risk having an adverse impact on the Company that would outweigh the benefit of the repurchase offer. We intend to conduct such repurchase offers in accordance with the requirements of Rule 13e-4 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) and Section 23(c) of the 1940 Act. All shares purchased by us pursuant to the terms of each tender offer will be retired and thereafter will be authorized and unissued shares. Any repurchases of the Manager’s and affiliate shares will be on the same terms and subject to the same limitations as other shareholders.
Under our share repurchase program, to the extent we offer to repurchase shares in any particular quarter, we expect to repurchase shares pursuant to quarterly tender offers on or around the last business day of that quarter (such date of the offer, the “Repurchase Date”) using a purchase price equal to the NAV per share as of the last calendar day of the applicable quarter, except that shares that have not been outstanding for at least one year will be repurchased at 98% of such NAV (an “Early Repurchase Deduction”). The one-year holding period is measured as of the subscription closing date immediately following the prospective repurchase date. The Early Repurchase Deduction will be retained by the Company for the benefit of remaining shareholders. This Early Repurchase Deduction will also generally apply to minimum account repurchases. Shareholders who are exchanging a class of our shares for an equivalent aggregate NAV of another class of our shares will not be subject to, and will not be treated as repurchases for the calculation of, the 5% quarterly calculation on repurchases and will not be subject to the Early Repurchase Deduction.
Market Opportunity
The Company believes direct lending investments, whereby the Company will provide loans to middle-market companies, offer opportunity for attractive risk adjusted returns. These loans are generally held to maturity or until they are refinanced by the borrower. The proceeds from these loans may be used for various purposes, depending on the terms of the specific loan.
The direct lending market is generally a leveraged buyout-driven, private equity-led market, which is driven by sponsored deal flow, estimated at 80%+ of the market, yet fundamentally relies on privately placed credit and terms underwriting negotiated directly with the issuer without an intermediary. However, direct lending is also used for refinancings, recapitalizations, growth financings and strategic acquisitions not involving private equity firms, also known as non-sponsored transactions. PPC believes it is well positioned to source non-buyout deals through its direct access to companies in the middle market and comfort and experience dealing with non-sponsored transactions.
Direct lending is widely utilized in the middle market, which is characterized by a large number of target companies and lower penetration by large financial buyers and intermediaries. As a result, leverage levels, or the amount of debt on balance sheets, of borrowers tend to be lower than large capitalization transactions found in the broadly syndicated leveraged loan market.
Unlike many private equity investments, direct lending investments are typically not as dependent upon “exits” to generate liquidity. This is particularly attractive given the volatility of the M&A and initial public offering (“IPO”) markets and greater sensitivity to valuations in an equity investment versus a debt investment. Direct lending investments can be monetized through any combination of refinancings, recapitalizations, sales of companies, merger events, IPOs/public offerings and liquidations.
As a result of these dynamics, PPC’s investment philosophy in direct lending is reinforced. PPC focuses on leveraging its unique origination network to produce a diverse portfolio of both non-sponsored, non-change of control loans coupled with a very selective approach to sponsored loans. This origination strategy broadly focused on middle-market issuers in the United States between $20-$50 million of EBITDA, but with non-sponsored issuers typically in the $25-$75 million EBITDA range, where we believe size and company longevity more than offset non-sponsored risk (i.e., lack of equity fund capital/governance) coupled with a sponsored portfolio focused on lower middle-market issuers of $10-$25 million of EBITDA, where small company risk is offset by equity contribution, governance and the skill of a private equity sponsor (although not all small issuers have sponsors) and the financing size enables PPC to be the sole or lead lender with relationship reciprocity to the sponsor and maintenance of appropriate terms. 10
Table of Contents This origination approach has enabled PPC to continue to grow its direct lending investment pace while also remaining disciplined on risk credit underwriting. PPC intends to maintain its investment discipline in directly originated loans by:
| ● | Focusing on first lien senior secured loans, which generally provides for lower rates of defaults and higher recoveries; |
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| ● | Seeking deals with maintenance financial covenants and terms protection for equity friendly events; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | Average entry leverage of less than 4.5x debt to EBITDA and less than 50% LTV (Loan to Enterprise Value); |
| --- | --- |
| ● | Maintaining origination capabilities through its regional-office network allowing it to be selective; and |
| --- | --- |
| ● | Deploying an underwriting process resulting in selective investment decisions. |
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Attractive Opportunities in Senior Secured Loans
We believe that opportunities in senior secured loans are significant because of the strong defensive characteristics of this asset class. While there is inherent risk in investing in any securities, senior secured debt is on the top of the capital structure and thus has priority in payment among an issuer’s security holders (i.e. senior secured debt holders are due to receive payment before junior creditors and equity holders). Further, these investments are secured by the issuer’s assets, which may be liquidated in the event of a default, if necessary. Senior secured debt often has restrictive covenants for the purpose of additional principal protection and ensuring repayment before junior creditors (i.e., most types of unsecured bondholders, and other security holders) and preserving collateral to protect against credit deterioration.
PPC Strengths
Prudential’s investment management business, PGIM, is one of the top ten asset managers worldwide, managing more than $1.298 trillion of assets as of December 31, 2023 and providing deep asset class expertise to meet its clients’ investment objectives. PPC is a leading source of private debt for public and private companies and is the private credit arm of PGIM. As of December 31, 2023, PPC managed a $101.5 billion portfolio of private placements and mezzanine investments through its regional office network in North America, Europe and Australia. The business is supported by 204 investment professionals located in cities across the globe. PPC is a key player in the direct lending asset class, stemming from (i) conservative underwriting, principally driven by seeking borrowers with lower leverage profiles, and (ii) strong capabilities to reduce losses and maximize post- default recovery ratios, which are derived from a disciplined approach to covenants and terms coupled with an active portfolio management strategy, including an experienced workouts team.
PPC believes the following characteristics distinguish PPC as an investment subadviser:
| ● | Experienced Subadviser. PPC has invested in the direct lending asset class since 2000, and during that time, has employed a consistent investment strategy with long continuity of its investment professionals. PPC believes its depth and experience are important and distinct attributes offered to investors. Members of PPC’s direct lending investment committee (the “Investment Committee”) have on average 28 years of private market experience and PPC’s other regional and product Managing Directors (excluding the investment committee) have been with PPC for an average of 28 years. |
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| ● | Scale of Operations. As of December 31, 2023, PPC manages a portfolio in excess of $101.5 billion in private capital spread across 1,000 companies in numerous industries and geographies and across the risk spectrum. This scale allows PPC to have a broad view of the debt markets, to research and analyze prospective investments effectively and to cast a wide sourcing net across the middle market. |
| --- | --- |
| ● | Global Network. PPC maintains a regional office network across North America, Europe and Australia that includes 15 offices and 204 investment professionals. PPC believes that this broad network provides the Company with consistent access to deals both on a non-sponsored and sponsored basis and both industry and geographic diversification for its investors. |
| --- | --- |
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Table of Contents
| ● | Differentiated Origination. PPC’s direct lending strategy fully utilizes its global regional office network, to increase penetration of geographic regions and deal sources. PPC has developed strong relationships with middle market companies through its large portfolio of over 1,000 companies worldwide and its active calling efforts. These relationships provide PPC with access to potential transactions at an early stage in a company’s search for capital. PPC also has a wide network of relationships with regional and national intermediaries and with middle market private equity sponsors who provide a range of deal flow. |
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| ● | Disciplined Credit Culture. PPC employs a cycle-tested, disciplined credit culture by focusing on true first lien, senior secured credit risk with conservative underwriting leverage. PPC focuses on industries that it believes are well established and on companies operating in value-added, defensible niches, with longer revenue life-cycles and stable cash flows. Transactions are generally structured with modest leverage, maintenance covenants, limitations on equity distributions and are generally issued at the primary operating company level with structural priority. |
| --- | --- |
| ● | Detailed Portfolio Management. Once a transaction closes, PPC works actively with portfolio companies. The team diligently monitors the portfolio company through the review of monthly or quarterly financial statements that are incorporated into PPC’s internal tracking model. Additionally, PPC conducts thorough semi-annual reviews of each individual portfolio company. This review is an in-depth analysis of the recent performance trends of each portfolio company. PPC also has direct dialogue with the portfolio company’s management team and/or private equity sponsor, which allows PPC to ask questions and receive real-time commentary on performance on an as needed basis. Semi- annual reviews are supplemented by quarterly valuations. Through these recurring processes, PPC seeks to monitor changes in performance that might adversely affect the portfolio company’s ability to service its debt and provide an early warning system to identify investments requiring more oversight. |
| --- | --- |
| ● | PPC Track Record. Since PPC’s inception in 2000, and as of December 31, 2023, PPC has invested $8.5 billion in 223 direct lending transactions. |
| --- | --- |
The Board of Trustees
The Company’s business and affairs are managed under the direction of the Board. The Board is classified, with respect to the time for which members of the Board severally hold office, into three classes (each a “Class”)—Class I, Class II and Class III—as nearly equal in number as reasonably possible, with the Trustees in each Class to hold office until their successors are elected and qualified. Each Trustee holds office for the term for which he or she is elected and until his or her successor is elected and qualified. The term “qualify” is used in the Declaration of Trust and bylaws to describe when a Trustee qualifies to be seated as a Trustee. As such term is currently used, a nominee for election as a Trustee would qualify if such nominee accepts the nomination. Pursuant to the Company’s bylaws, any Trustee nominated for re-election who fails to receive the requisite vote for re-election at an annual meeting of shareholders, and whose successor has neither been elected nor qualified, shall retain his or her position and shall remain a member of the relevant Class of Trustees, holding office until the next annual meeting of shareholders. At each succeeding annual meeting of shareholders, the successors to the Class of Trustees whose terms expire at that meeting shall be elected to hold office for terms expiring at the later of the annual meeting of shareholders held in the third year following the year of their election or the election and qualification of their successors.
The responsibilities of the Board include, among other things, the oversight of our investment activities, the oversight of the monthly valuation of our assets, oversight of our financing arrangements and corporate governance activities. The Board consists of four members, three of whom are not “interested persons” of the Company or of the Manager as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act as determined by the Board in accordance with the standards set forth in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act. Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act defines an “interested person” to include, among other things, any person who has, or within the last two years had, a material business or profession relationship with the Company or the Manager. The Company refers to these individuals as our Independent Trustees. In determining independence, the Board of Trustees, among other matters, reviews completed Trustee due diligence questionnaires and conducts interviews and background checks, as appropriate. Our Board of Trustees elects our executive officers, who serve at the discretion of the Board of Trustees. 12
Table of Contents Investment Selection
Under normal circumstances, the Company intends to invest at least 80% of its total assets (net assets plus borrowings for investment purposes) in private credit investments. The Company considers private credit investment to include loans, bonds and other credit instruments that are issued in private offerings or issued by private companies. Under normal circumstances, it is expected that the Company will primarily be invested in privately originated and privately negotiated investments, predominantly direct lending to U.S. middle market companies through (i) first lien senior secured loans (including club/syndicated deals by a small group of investment firms), and (ii) with not more than 20% of total invested capital in senior secured second and third lien loans, and unsecured loans. The Company will provide 60 days’ prior written notice to shareholders and otherwise comply with Rule 35d-1 under the 1940 Act as a result of a change in its non-fundamental policy of investing at least 80% of its total assets (net assets plus borrowings for investment purposes) in private credit investments.
The Company primarily seeks investments in middle market companies predominantly located in the United States, as well as up to 30% of its total assets in investments in other countries (primarily Canada, Europe, Australia and Latin America). The Company’s philosophy is to provide investors with superior geographic diversification. Through its eight U.S. regional offices, PPC can effectively cover the middle market and diversify its investments across the entire United States, with its seven non-U.S. offices providing international exposure. Non-U.S. investments have grown in recent years in conjunction with PPC’s non-U.S. office expansion, especially in Europe, but have been focused on achieving the same underwriting characteristics of U.S. deals, including a disproportionate allocation to the United Kingdom, where creditor rights are very strong.
The loans in which the Company invests will generally pay floating interest rates tied to Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) (or the local equivalent, e.g., Sterling Overnight Index Average (“SONIA”, Euro Interbank Offered Rate (“EURIBOR”) and Bank Bill Swap Rate(“BBSW”)) plus a fixed spread. The reference rate is often supported by a minimum rate floor (e.g., 1.0% in the case of SOFR loan), which further protects yields during periods of low rates and monetary easing. We believe the consequence of floating rate loans can create a natural inflation hedge on returns for the Company’s investors as interest rates often rise during periods of inflation.
The senior secured loans in which the Company invests generally have stated terms of five- to six-years, but the expected average terms of such loans is generally three years in practice. It is expected that most of the Company’s debt investments will be unrated. The Company’s debt investments may also be rated by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization, and, in such case, generally will carry a rating below investment grade (rated lower than “Baa3” by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or lower than “BBB-” by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services). The Company’s unrated debt investments will generally have credit quality consistent with below investment grade securities.
The Company expects to participate in “sponsored transactions” where the Company provides a loan in connection with a portfolio company transaction to what PPC believes to be are high-quality private equity firms as well as “non-sponsored transactions,” where the Company makes loan to a company that is not owned by a private equity firm, where the Company works with an owner/management team directly. PPC has the resources to efficiently identify and manage such sponsored and non-sponsored investments in a sustained way.
The Company expects to hedge most of the risk of foreign currency fluctuations on the non-U.S. cash receipts that would flow from its non-U.S. investments, including by funding such investments with borrowings denominated in the relevant foreign currency or through other hedging techniques (including the use of foreign currency forward contracts or swaps), subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act. A foreign currency forward contract is an obligation to buy or sell a given currency on a future date and at a set price or to make or receive a cash payment based on the value of a given currency at a future date. Delivery of the underlying currency is expected, the terms are individually negotiated, the counterparty is not a clearing corporation or an exchange, and payment on the contract is made upon delivery, rather than daily. There is uncertainty regarding the timing and amounts of those future cash flows, and the Company’s strategies for hedging transactions are subject to inherent imperfections. As such, the full risk of currency fluctuations will not be eliminated and the Company may be exposed to additional risk of loss. There can be no guarantee that instruments suitable for hedging in market shifts will be available at the time when the Company wishes to use them. Certain of the Company’s hedging transactions may be undertaken through brokers, banks or other organizations, and the Company will be subject to risk of default or insolvency of such counterparties. In such event, there can be no assurance that any money advanced to or obligations from these counterparties would be repaid or that the Company would have any recourse in the event of default. Further, hedging transactions may reduce cash available to pay distributions to our shareholders. 13
Table of Contents Valuation Process
Each month, the Valuation Designee will value investments in our portfolio, and such values will be disclosed each quarter in reports filed with the SEC. Investments for which market quotations are readily available are valued at such market quotations. Securities that are not publicly traded or for which market prices are not readily available will be valued at fair value as determined in good faith pursuant to procedures adopted by the Valuation Designee, and under the oversight of, the Board, based on, among other things, the input of the Manager, the Subadviser and independent third-party valuation firms engaged at the direction of the Valuation Designee to review the Company’s investments. The Board will review and determine, or (subject to the Board’s oversight) delegate to the Valuation Designee to determine, the fair value of each of the Company’s investments and NAV per share each month.
Investments
As of December 31, 2023, the fair value of our investments is $101.0 million in 33 portfolio companies.
| | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | | | | | Percentage of | |
| | | | | | | | | Total Investments | |
| | **** | Cost | **** | Fair value | **** | at Fair Value | **** | ||
| First Lien Debt | | $ | 100,588 | | $ | 101,019 | 100.00 | % | |
| Total | | $ | 100,588 | | $ | 101,019 | **** | 100.00 | % |
See Schedule of Investments as of December 31, 2023, in our financial statements in “Part II, Item 8. – Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information on these investments.
As of December 31, 2023, the Company had unfunded delayed draw term loans and revolvers in the aggregate principal amount of $13.5 million.
Allocation of Investment Opportunities
General
The Manager, Subadviser and their respective affiliates may provide investment management services to other BDCs, registered investment companies, investment funds, client accounts and proprietary accounts that investment advisers affiliated with Prudential, including PPC, may establish.
The Subadviser will share any investment and sale opportunities with its other clients and the Company in accordance with the 1940 Act and the Advisers Act, and PPC’s allocation policies. Pursuant to its allocation policies, PPC will allocate investment opportunities in a manner that is consistent with an allocation methodology that is designed to ensure that allocations of such opportunities are made on a fair and equitable basis over time. In determining such allocations, PPC may take into account such factors as it deems appropriate, including, but not limited to, clients’ investment objectives and focus, target investment sizes and target returns, available capital (including anticipated leverage), mandatory minimum investment rights, contractual obligations, applicable investment restrictions (including concentration limits), portfolio diversification, risk management, foreign currency and availability of currency and other hedging strategies, legal, tax, regulatory, and other similar considerations (including internal policies and procedures, such as compliance with the 1940 Act, and targeted investment capacity), actual or potential conflicts of interest, subject in each case to a client’s operational limitations on its ability to comply with funding requirements, as well as other factors deemed relevant by PPC.
In addition, as a BDC regulated under the 1940 Act, the Company is subject to certain limitations relating to co-investments and joint transactions with affiliates, which likely in certain circumstances limit the Company’s ability to make investments or enter into other transactions alongside other clients of the Manager and its affiliates. 14
Table of Contents Co-Investment Relief
We have received exemptive relief that allows the Company to co-invest in certain transactions with certain affiliates of the Manager. The relief permits us, among other things, to co-invest with certain other persons, including certain affiliates of the Manager and certain funds managed and controlled by the Manager and its affiliates, subject to certain terms and conditions. Pursuant to such order, the Company’s Board has established criteria (“Board Criteria”) clearly defining co-investment opportunities in which the Company will have the opportunity to participate with one or more other public or private PPC funds and managed accounts that target similar assets. If an investment falls within the Board Criteria, PPC must offer an opportunity for the Company to participate. The Company may participate or may not participate, depending on whether PPC determines that the investment is appropriate for the Company (e.g., based on investment strategy). If PPC determines that such investment is not appropriate for us, the investment will not be allocated to us, but PPC will be required to report such investment and the rationale for its determination for us to not participate in the investment to the Board at the next quarterly board meeting.
Competition
We will compete for investments with other BDCs and investment funds (including private equity funds, mezzanine funds and other credit funds), as well as traditional financial services companies such as commercial banks and other sources of funding. These other BDCs and investment funds might be reasonable investment alternatives to us and may be less costly or complex with fewer and/or different risks than we have. Moreover, alternative investment vehicles, such as hedge funds, have begun to invest in areas in which they have not traditionally invested, including making investments in mid-sized private U.S. companies. As a result of these new entrants, competition for investment opportunities in private U.S. companies may intensify. Many of our competitors are substantially larger and have considerably greater financial, technical and marketing resources than we do. For example, some competitors may have a lower cost of capital and access to funding sources that are not available to us. In addition, some of our competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments than we have. These characteristics could allow our competitors to consider a wider variety of investments, establish more relationships and offer better pricing and more flexible structuring than we are able to do. We may lose investment opportunities if we do not match our competitors’ pricing, terms or structure. If we are forced to match our competitors’ pricing, terms or structure, we may not be able to achieve acceptable returns on our investments or may bear substantial risk of capital loss. A significant part of our investment approach stems from the fact that the market for investments in middle market private U.S. companies is underserved by traditional commercial banks and other financial sources. A significant increase in the number and/or the size of our competitors in this target market could force us to accept less attractive investment terms. Furthermore, many of our competitors have greater experience operating under, or are not subject to, the regulatory restrictions that the 1940 Act imposes on us as a BDC.
Non-Exchange Traded, Perpetual-Life BDC
The Company is non-exchange traded, meaning its shares are not listed for trading on a stock exchange or other securities market, and a perpetual-life BDC, meaning it is an investment vehicle of indefinite duration, whose Common Shares are intended to be sold by the BDC monthly on a continuous basis at a price generally equal to the BDC’s monthly NAV per share. In our perpetual-life structure, we may offer investors an opportunity to repurchase their shares on a quarterly basis, but we are not obligated to offer to repurchase any in any particular quarter in our discretion. We believe that our perpetual nature enables us to execute a patient and opportunistic strategy and be able to invest across different market environments. This may reduce the risk of the Company being a forced seller of assets in market downturns compared to non-perpetual funds. While we may consider a liquidity event at any time in the future, we currently do not intend to undertake a liquidity event, and we are not obligated by our charter or otherwise to effect a liquidity event at any time.
Emerging Growth Company
We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the “JOBS Act.” As an emerging growth company, we are eligible to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting and disclosure requirements that are applicable to public companies that are not emerging growth companies. For so long as we remain an emerging growth company, we will not be required to:
| ● | have an auditor attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2022 (“Sarbanes-Oxley Act”); |
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| ● | submit certain executive compensation matters to shareholder advisory votes pursuant to the “say on frequency” and “say on pay” provisions (requiring a non-binding shareholder vote to approve compensation of certain executive officers) and the “say on golden parachute” provisions (requiring a non-binding shareholder vote to approve golden parachute arrangements for certain executive officers in connection with mergers and certain other business combinations) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010; or |
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| ● | disclose certain executive compensation related items, such as the correlation between executive compensation and performance and comparisons of the chief executive officer’s compensation to median employee compensation. |
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In addition, the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company may take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies. This means that an emerging growth company can delay adopting certain accounting standards until such standards are otherwise applicable to private companies.
We will remain an emerging growth company for up to five years, or until the earliest of: (1) the last date of the fiscal year during which we had total annual gross revenues of $1.235 billion or more; (2) the date on which we have, during the previous three-year period, issued more than $1 billion in non- convertible debt; or (3) the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” as defined under Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act.
We do not believe that being an emerging growth company will have a significant impact on our business or this offering. As stated above, we have elected to opt in to the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards available to emerging growth companies. Also, because we are not a large accelerated filer or an accelerated filer under Section 12b-2 of the Exchange Act, and will not be for so long as our Common Shares are not traded on a securities exchange, we will not be subject to auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act even once we are no longer an emerging growth company. In addition, so long as we are externally managed by the Manager and we do not directly compensate our executive officers, or reimburse the Manager or its affiliates for the salaries, bonuses, benefits and severance payments for persons who also serve as one of our executive officers or as an executive officer of the Manager, we do not expect to include disclosures relating to executive compensation in our periodic reports or proxy statements and, as a result, do not expect to be required to seek shareholder approval of executive compensation and golden parachute compensation arrangements pursuant to Section 14A(a) and (b) of the Exchange Act.
Employees
We do not currently have any employees and do not expect to have any employees. Services necessary for our business are provided by individuals who are employees of the Manager or its affiliates pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement. Each of our executive officers described under “Management of the Company” is employed by the Manager or its affiliates. Our day-to-day investment operations will be managed by the Subadviser. The services necessary for the sourcing and administration of our investment portfolio will be provided by investment professionals employed by the Manager or its affiliates. The investment team will focus on origination and transaction development and the ongoing monitoring of our investments.
Regulation as a BDC
The following discussion is a general summary of the material prohibitions and descriptions governing BDCs generally. It does not purport to be a complete description of all of the laws and regulations affecting BDCs. 16
Table of Contents Qualifying Assets. Under the 1940 Act, a BDC may not acquire any asset other than assets of the type listed in Section 55(a) of the 1940 Act described as “qualifying” assets (“Qualifying Assets”), unless, at the time the acquisition is made, Qualifying Assets represent at least 70% of the Company’s total assets. The principal categories of Qualifying Assets relevant to our business are any of the following:
| (1) | Securities purchased in transactions not involving any public offering from the issuer of such securities, which issuer (subject to certain limited exceptions) is an Eligible Portfolio Company (as defined below), or from any person who is, or has been during the preceding 13 months, an affiliated person of an Eligible Portfolio Company, or from any other person, subject to such rules as may be prescribed by the SEC. An “Eligible Portfolio Company” is defined in the 1940 Act as any issuer which: |
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| a) | is organized under the laws of, and has its principal place of business in, the United States; |
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| b) | is not an investment company (other than a small business investment company wholly owned by the BDC) or a company that would be an investment company but for certain exclusions under the 1940 Act; and |
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| c) | satisfies any of the following: |
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| i. | does not have any class of securities that is traded on a national securities exchange; |
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| ii. | has a class of securities listed on a national securities exchange, but has an aggregate market value of outstanding voting and non-voting common equity of less than $250 million; |
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| iii. | is controlled by a BDC or a group of companies, including a BDC and the BDC has an affiliated person who is a director of the Eligible Portfolio Company; or |
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| iv. | is a small and solvent company having total assets of not more than $4 million and capital and surplus of not less than $2 million. |
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| (2) | Securities of any Eligible Portfolio Company controlled by the Company. |
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| (3) | Securities purchased in a private transaction from a U.S. issuer that is not an investment company or from an affiliated person of the issuer, or in transactions incident thereto, if the issuer is in bankruptcy and subject to reorganization or if the issuer, immediately prior to the purchase of its securities was unable to meet its obligations as they came due without material assistance other than conventional lending or financing arrangements. |
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| (4) | Securities of an Eligible Portfolio Company purchased from any person in a private transaction if there is no ready market for such securities and the Company already owns 60% of the outstanding equity of the Eligible Portfolio Company. |
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| (5) | Securities received in exchange for or distributed on or with respect to securities described in (1) through (4) above, or pursuant to the exercise of warrants or rights relating to such securities. |
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| (6) | Cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities or high-quality debt securities maturing in one year or less from the time of investment. |
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In addition, a BDC must be operated for the purpose of making investments in the types of securities described in (1), (2) or (3) above. 17
Table of Contents Significant Managerial Assistance. A BDC must have been organized and have its principal place of business in the United States and must be operated for the purpose of making investments in the types of securities described above. However, in order to count portfolio securities as Qualifying Assets for the purpose of the 70% test, the BDC must either control the issuer of the securities or must offer to make available to the issuer of the securities (other than small and solvent companies described above) significant managerial assistance; except that, where the BDC purchases such securities in conjunction with one or more other persons acting together, one of the other persons in the group makes available such managerial assistance. Making available significant managerial assistance means, among other things, any arrangement whereby the BDC, through its or the Manager’s or Subadviser’s directors, officers or employees, offers to provide and, if accepted, does so provide, significant guidance and counsel concerning the management, operations or business objectives and policies of a portfolio company through monitoring of portfolio company operations, selective participation in board and management meetings, consulting with and advising a portfolio company’s officers or other organizational or financial guidance.
Temporary Investments. Pending investment in other types of Qualifying Assets, as described above, our investments can consist of cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities or high-quality debt securities maturing in one year or less from the time of investment, which are referred to herein, collectively, as temporary investments.
In implementing these temporary strategies, the Company may invest all or a portion of its assets in cash; fixed income securities; U.S. government securities, including bills, notes and bonds differing as to maturity and rates of interest that are either issued or guaranteed by the Treasury or by U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities; certificates of deposit issued against funds deposited in a bank or a savings and loan association; commercial paper; bankers’ acceptances; bank time deposits; shares of money market funds or short-term bond funds; securities issued or guaranteed by the federal government or any of its agencies, or any state or local government; or any other securities or cash equivalents that the Subadviser considers consistent with this strategy.
Other Investments and Strategies. In addition to its principal investment strategies, the Company also may use the following non-principal investment strategies to try to increase its returns or protect its assets if market conditions warrant.
ESG Integration. PPC considers relevant environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) factors as part of its comprehensive investment analysis. More specifically, PPC analyzes ESG factors as part of PPC’s broader investment decisions if they are of material importance in the context of the investment. Each factor is considered during the initial investment process and re-assessed periodically. While PPC’s investment teams are provided with information on ESG factors, and take ESG risks into account when making an investment decision, such ESG risks would not by themselves prevent PPC from making any investment. Instead, ESG factors form part of the overall risk management processes, and are one of many risks which may, depending on the specific investment opportunity, be relevant to a determination of risk. However, PPC does not apply any absolute risk limits or risk appetite thresholds which relate exclusively to ESG risk as a separate category of risk. For the avoidance of doubt, while PPC is committed to ESG principles, the Company would not be considered to promote ESG characteristics or have sustainable investment as its objective.
U.S. Government Securities. U.S. Government securities are obligations of and, in certain cases, guaranteed by, the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. The U.S. Government does not guarantee the NAV of the Company’s shares. Some U.S. Government securities, such as Treasury bills, notes and bonds, are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States; others are supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Department of the Treasury (the “U.S. Treasury”); others are supported by the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase the agency’s obligations; and still others, such as those of the Student Loan Marketing Association, are supported only by the credit of the instrumentality. U.S. Government securities may include zero coupon securities, which do not distribute interest on a current basis and tend to be subject to greater risk than interest-paying securities of similar maturities.
Money Market Instruments. The Company may hold cash and/or invest in money market instruments, including commercial paper of a U.S. or non-U.S. company, non-U.S. government securities, certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances, time deposits of domestic and non-U.S. banks, and obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities. These obligations may be U.S. dollar-denominated or denominated in a non-U.S. currency. Money market instruments typically have a maturity of one year or less as measured from the date of purchase. 18
Table of Contents Investments in Affiliated Funds. The Company may invest its assets in affiliated funds that are registered investment companies under the 1940 Act. The Company can invest its free cash balances in affiliated short-term bond funds and/or money market funds to obtain income on short-term cash balances while awaiting attractive investment opportunities, to provide liquidity in preparation for anticipated redemptions or for defensive purposes. Such an investment could also allow the Company to obtain the benefits of a more diversified portfolio available in the affiliated funds than might otherwise be available through direct investments in those asset classes, and will subject the Company to the risks associated with the particular asset class. As a shareholder in the affiliated funds, the Company will pay its proportional share of the expenses of the affiliated funds. The affiliated short-term bond funds and certain money market funds do not pay a management fee to the investment manager, since the investment manager only receives reimbursement for its expenses. Thus, shareholders of the Company are not paying management fees for both the Company and the affiliated short-term bond funds and money market funds. The investment results of the portions of the Company’s assets invested in the affiliated funds will be based on the investment results of the affiliated funds.
Foreign Currency Transactions. Based on market conditions, the Company expects to enter into foreign currency forward contracts (“forward contracts”) as a hedge against fluctuations in future foreign currency exchange rates. The Company may engage in foreign currency exchange transactions in connection with its investments in foreign instruments. The Company is not required to hedge its currency exposure, if any, and may choose not to do so. The Company generally will conduct its foreign currency exchange transactions either on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market or through forward contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies, including the payment of dividends and the settlement of transactions that otherwise might require untimely dispositions of Company investments.
A foreign currency forward contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price and for an amount set at the time of the contract. Presently, these contracts are traded in the interbank market conducted directly between currency traders (usually large commercial banks) and their customers, but may be required to be traded on an exchange and cleared through a central counterparty. Although foreign exchange dealers do not charge a fee for conversion, they do realize a profit based on the difference (the spread) between the price at which they are buying and selling various currencies. At the consummation of a forward contract, the Company may either make delivery of the foreign currency or terminate its contractual obligation to deliver the foreign currency by purchasing an offsetting contract obligating it to purchase, at the same maturity date, the same amount of such foreign currency. If the Company chooses to make delivery of the foreign currency, it may be required to obtain such currency through the sale of portfolio securities denominated in such currency or through conversion of other assets of the Company into such currency. If the Company engages in an offsetting transaction, the Company will realize a gain or loss to the extent that there is a difference between the forward contract price and the offsetting forward contract price.
It should be noted that this method of protecting the value of the Company’s portfolio securities against a decline in the value of a currency does not eliminate fluctuations in the underlying prices of the securities. Rather, it simply establishes a rate of exchange that can be achieved at some future point in time. Additionally, although such contracts tend to minimize the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged currency, at the same time they tend to limit any potential gain should the value of the currency increase.
By entering into a forward contract for the purchase or sale, for a fixed amount of dollars or other currency, of the amount of foreign currency involved in an underlying security transaction, the Company may be able to protect itself against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the relationship between the U.S. dollar and the currency that is being used for the security transaction. A dealer may offer to sell a foreign currency to the Company at one rate, while offering a lesser rate of exchange should the Company desire to resell that currency to the dealer.
Warrants. Under the 1940 Act, a BDC is subject to restrictions on the issuance, terms and amount of warrants, options or rights to purchase shares that it may have outstanding at any time. In particular, the amount of shares that would result from the conversion or exercise of all outstanding warrants, options or rights to purchase shares cannot exceed 25% of the BDC’s total outstanding shares. 19
Table of Contents Leverage and Senior Securities; Coverage Ratio. We are permitted, under specified conditions, to issue multiple classes of indebtedness and one class of shares senior to our Common Shares if our asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, would at least equal 150% immediately after each such issuance. On November 8, 2022, our sole shareholder approved the adoption of this 150% threshold pursuant to Section 61(a)(2) of the 1940 Act and such election became effective the following day. In addition, while any senior securities remain outstanding, we will be required to make provisions to prohibit any dividend distribution to our shareholders or the repurchase of such securities or shares unless we meet the applicable asset coverage ratios at the time of the dividend distribution or repurchase. We will also be permitted to borrow amounts up to 5% of the value of our total assets for temporary or emergency purposes, which borrowings would not be considered senior securities.
On October 30, 2023, the Company entered into a senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) with Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation. The Revolving Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of the assets in the Company’s portfolio, including cash and cash equivalents. The stated interest rate on the Revolving Credit Facility is determined pursuant to a formula-based calculation based on the gross borrowing base at the time, resulting in a stated interest rate, depending on the type of borrowing, of either (a) Term SOFR plus a 10 basis point credit spread adjustment and an applicable margin equal to 2.125% per annum or 2.25% per annum, or (b) Alternate Base Rate plus a 10 basis point credit spread adjustment and an applicable margin equal to 1.125% per annum or 1.25% per annum in respect of USD borrowings and comparable rates in respect of non-USD borrowings.
The initial principal amount of the Revolving Credit Facility is $150 million. The Revolving Credit Facility has an accordion feature, subject to the satisfaction of various conditions, which could bring total commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility to up to $350 million. All amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility must be repaid by the date that is five years after the closing date of the Revolving Credit Facility. The Revolving Credit Facility contains customary covenants that, among other things, may limit the Company’s ability to pay distributions in certain circumstances, incur additional debt, and engage in certain transactions.
Code of Ethics. We and the Manager have adopted a code of ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act and Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act, respectively, that establishes procedures for personal investments and restricts certain personal securities transactions. Personnel subject to the code are permitted to invest in securities for their personal investment accounts, including securities that may be purchased or held by us, so long as such investments are made in accordance with the code’s requirements. You may read and copy this code of ethics at the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at (202) 551-8090. You may also obtain copies of the codes of ethics, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following email address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the SEC’s Public Reference Section, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549.
Affiliated Transactions. We may be prohibited under the 1940 Act from conducting certain transactions with our affiliates without the prior approval of our Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Company or the Manager as defined in the 1940 Act and, in some cases, the prior approval of the SEC. We have received an exemptive order from the SEC that permits us, among other things, to co-invest with certain other persons, including certain affiliates of the Manager and certain funds managed and controlled by the Manager and its affiliates, subject to certain terms and conditions.
Other. We will be periodically examined by the SEC for compliance with the 1940 Act, and be subject to the periodic reporting and related requirements of the Exchange Act.
We are also required to provide and maintain a bond issued by a reputable fidelity insurance company to protect against larceny and embezzlement. Furthermore, as a BDC, we are prohibited from protecting any Trustee or officer against any liability to our shareholders arising from willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such person’s office.
We are also required to designate a chief compliance officer and to adopt and implement written policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent violation of the federal securities laws and to review these policies and procedures annually for their adequacy and the effectiveness of their implementation.
We are not permitted to change the nature of our business so as to cease to be, or to withdraw our election as, a BDC unless approved by a majority of our outstanding voting securities. A majority of the outstanding voting securities of a company is defined under the 1940 Act as the lesser of: (i) 67% or more of such company’s shares present at a meeting if more than 50% of the outstanding shares of such company are present or represented by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of such company. 20
Table of Contents Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures
The Board has delegated to the Manager the responsibility for voting any proxies and maintaining proxy recordkeeping with respect to the Company. The Manager is authorized by the Company to delegate, in whole or in part, its proxy voting authority to the Subadviser or third party vendors consistent with the policies set forth below. The proxy voting process shall remain subject to the supervision of the Board, including any committee thereof established for that purpose.
The Manager and the Board view the proxy voting process as a component of the investment process and, as such, seek to ensure that all proxy proposals are voted with the primary goal of seeking the optimal benefit for the Company. Consistent with this goal, the Board views the proxy voting process as a means to encourage strong corporate governance practices and ethical conduct by corporate management. The Manager and the Board maintain a policy of seeking to protect the best interests of the Company should a proxy issue potentially implicate a conflict of interest between the Company and the Manager or its affiliates.
The Manager delegates to the Company’s Subadviser the responsibility for voting proxies. The Subadviser is expected to identify and seek to obtain the optimal benefit for the Company, and to adopt written policies that meet certain minimum standards, including that the policies be reasonably designed to protect the best interests of the Company and delineate procedures to be followed when a proxy vote presents a conflict between the interests of the Company and the interests of the Subadviser or its affiliates. The Manager and the Board expect that the Subadviser will notify the Manager and Board at least annually of any such conflicts identified and confirm how the issue was resolved.
The Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures of the Subadviser are set forth below. The guidelines will be reviewed periodically by the Subadviser, and, accordingly, are subject to change.
As an investment adviser registered under the Advisers Act, the Subadviser has a duty to monitor corporate events and to vote proxies, as well as a duty to cast votes in the best interest of clients and not subrogate client interests to its own interests. Rule 206(4)-6 under the Advisers Act places specific requirements on registered investment advisers with proxy voting authority.
Proxy Policies
The Subadviser’s policies and procedures are reasonably designed to ensure that the Subadviser votes proxies in the best interest of the Company and addresses how it will resolve any conflict of interest that may arise when voting proxies and, in so doing, to maximize the value of the investments made by the Company, taking into consideration the Company’s investment horizons and other relevant factors. It will review on a case-by-case basis each proposal submitted for a shareholder vote to determine its impact on the portfolio securities held by its clients. Although the Subadviser will generally vote against proposals that may have a negative impact on its clients’ portfolio securities, it may vote for such a proposal if there exists compelling long-term reasons to do so.
Decisions on how to vote a proxy generally are made by the Subadviser. In determining whether and how to vote, the Subadviser considers a number of items including detailed knowledge of the issuer’s financial condition, long- and short-term economic outlook for the issuer, the issuer’s capital structure and debt-service obligations, the issuer’s management team and capabilities, as well as other relevant factors. In addition, the Subadviser may determine not to vote a proxy after consideration of the vote’s expected benefit to clients and the cost of voting the proxy.
The Company’s interests are placed ahead of any potential interest of PGIM or its asset management units. Relevant members of management and regulatory personnel oversee the proxy voting process and monitor potential conflicts of interests. In addition, should the need arise, senior members of management, as advised by the Subadviser’s Compliance and Law departments, are authorized to address any proxy matter involving an actual or apparent conflict of interest that cannot be resolved at the level of an individual asset management business unit.
Proxy Voting Records
You may obtain information, without charge, regarding how we voted proxies with respect to our portfolio securities by making a written request for proxy voting information to: c/o PGIM Private Credit Fund, 655 Broad Street, Newark, NJ 07102-4410, Attention: Chief Compliance Officer. 21
Table of Contents Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Investing in our Common Shares involves a number of significant risks. The following information is a discussion of the material risk factors associated with an investment in our Common Shares specifically, as well as those factors generally associated with an investment in a company with investment objectives, investment policies, capital structure or trading markets similar to ours. In addition to the other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, you should consider carefully the following information before making an investment in our Common Shares. The risks below are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or not presently deemed material by us may also impair our operations and performance. If any of the following events occur our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. In such cases, the NAV of our Common Shares could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.
Risks Related to Our Business and Structure
We are a relatively new company and have a limited operating history.
The Company is a non-diversified, closed-end management investment company that has elected to be regulated as a BDC with limited operating history. Prospective investors have a limited track record or history on which to base their investment decision. We are subject to the business risks and uncertainties associated with recently formed businesses, including the risk that we will not achieve our investment objective and the value of a shareholder’s investment could decline substantially or become worthless. Further, the Manager has not previously offered a non-traded business development company. While we believe that the past professional experiences of the Manager’s investment team, including investment and financial experience of the Manager’s senior management, will increase the likelihood that the Manager will be able to manage the Company successfully, there can be no assurance that this will be the case.
The Board of Trustees may change our operating policies and strategies without prior notice or shareholder approval, the effects of which may be adverse to our results of operations and financial condition.
The Board of Trustees has the authority to modify or waive our current operating policies, investment criteria and strategies without prior notice and without shareholder approval. We cannot predict the effect any changes to our current operating policies, investment criteria and strategies would have on our business, NAV, operating results and value of our shares. However, the effects might be adverse, which could negatively impact our ability to pay shareholders distributions and cause shareholder to lose all or part of their investment. Moreover, we have significant flexibility in investing the net proceeds from our continuous offering and may use the net proceeds from our continuous offering in ways with which investors may not agree or for purposes other than those contemplated in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The Board of Trustees may amend our Declaration of Trust without prior shareholder approval.
The Board of Trustees may, without shareholder vote, amend or otherwise supplement the Declaration of Trust, including without limitation to classify the Board of Trustees, to impose advance notice bylaw provisions for Trustee nominations or for shareholder proposals, to require super- majority approval of transactions with significant shareholders or other provisions that may be characterized as anti-takeover in nature; provided, however, that if any amendment or new addition to the Declaration of Trust adversely affects the rights of shareholders, such amendment or addition must also be approved by the shareholders. Approval of any such amendment requires at least a majority of the votes cast by such shareholders at a meeting of shareholders duly called and at which a quorum is present. 22
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Price declines in the medium- and large-sized U.S. corporate debt market may adversely affect the fair value of our portfolio, reducing our NAV through increased net unrealized depreciation.
Conditions in the medium- and large-sized U.S. corporate debt market may deteriorate, as seen during the recent financial crisis related to COVID-19, which may cause pricing levels to similarly decline or be volatile. As a result, our NAV could decline through an increase in unrealized depreciation and incurrence of realized losses in connection with the sale of our investments, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our ability to achieve our investment objective depends on the ability of the Manager and PPC to manage and support our investment process. If the Manager or PPC were to lose any members of their respective senior management teams, our ability to achieve our investment objectives could be significantly harmed.
Since we have no employees, we depend on the investment expertise, skill and network of business contacts of the broader networks of the Manager and its affiliates. The Manager evaluates, negotiates, structures, executes, monitors and services our investments. Our future success depends to a significant extent on the continued service and coordination of PPC and its senior management team. The departure of any members of PPC’s senior management team could have a material adverse effect on our ability to achieve our investment objective.
Our ability to achieve our investment objective depends on the Manager’s ability to identify and analyze, and to invest in, finance and monitor companies that meet our investment criteria. The Manager’s capabilities in structuring the investment process, providing competent, attentive and efficient services to us, and facilitating access to financing on acceptable terms depend on the employment of investment professionals in an adequate number and of adequate sophistication to match the corresponding flow of transactions. To achieve our investment objective, the Manager may need to hire, train, supervise and manage new investment professionals to participate in our investment selection and monitoring process. The Manager may not be able to find investment professionals in a timely manner or at all. Failure to support our investment process could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The Management Agreement has been approved pursuant to Section 15 of the 1940 Act. In addition, the Management Agreement has termination provisions that allow the parties to terminate the agreement. The Management Agreement may be terminated at any time, without penalty, by us upon 60 days’ written notice. If the Management Agreement is terminated, it may adversely affect the quality of our investment opportunities. In addition, in the event the Management Agreement is terminated, it may be difficult for us to replace the Manager.
Our financial condition, business and results of operations, as well as our ability to meet our payment obligations under future indebtedness, if any, and pay distributions, are likely to be adversely affected, and the value of our Common Shares may decline.
Because our business model depends to a significant extent upon relationships with private equity sponsors, investment banks and commercial banks, the inability of the Manager or PPC to maintain or develop these relationships, or the failure of these relationships to generate investment opportunities, could adversely affect our business.
The Manager and PPC depend on the broader PGIM relationships with private equity sponsors, investment banks and commercial banks, and we rely to a significant extent upon these relationships to provide us with potential investment opportunities. If the Manager, PPC or their affiliates fail to maintain their existing relationships or develop new relationships with other sponsors or sources of investment opportunities, we may not be able to grow our investment portfolio. In addition, individuals with whom the Manager, PPC or their affiliates have relationships are not obligated to provide us with investment opportunities, and, therefore, there is no assurance that such relationships will generate investment opportunities for us. 23
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We may face increasing competition for investment opportunities, which could delay deployment of our capital, reduce returns and result in losses.
We will compete for investments with other BDCs and investment funds (including private equity funds, mezzanine funds and other credit funds, and funds that invest in collateralized loan obligations, structured notes, derivatives and other types of collateralized securities and structured products), as well as traditional financial services companies such as commercial banks and other sources of funding. These other BDCs and investment funds might be reasonable investment alternatives to us and may be less costly or complex with fewer and/or different risks than we have. Moreover, alternative investment vehicles, such as hedge funds, have begun to invest in areas in which they have not traditionally invested, including making investments in mid-sized private U.S. companies. As a result of these new entrants, competition for investment opportunities in middle market private U.S. companies may intensify. Many of our competitors are substantially larger and have considerably greater financial, technical and marketing resources than we do. For example, some competitors may have a lower cost of capital and access to funding sources that are not available to us. In addition, some of our competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments than we have. These characteristics could allow our competitors to consider a wider variety of investments, establish more relationships and offer better pricing and more flexible structuring than we are able to do. We may lose investment opportunities if we do not match our competitors’ pricing, terms or structure. If we are forced to match our competitors’ pricing, terms or structure, we may not be able to achieve acceptable returns on our investments or may bear substantial risk of capital loss. A significant part of our investment approach stems from the fact that the market for investments in middle market private U.S. companies is underserved by traditional commercial banks and other financial sources. A significant increase in the number and/or the size of our competitors in this target market could force us to accept less attractive investment terms. Furthermore, many of our competitors have greater experience operating under, or are not subject to, the regulatory restrictions that the 1940 Act imposes on us as a BDC.
As required by the 1940 Act, a significant portion of our investment portfolio is and will be recorded at fair value as determined in good faith and, as a result, there is and will be uncertainty as to the value of our portfolio investments.
Under the 1940 Act, we are required to carry our portfolio investments at market value or, if there is no readily available market value, at fair value as determined pursuant to policies adopted by, and subject to the oversight of, the Board. There is not a public market for the securities of the privately-held companies in which we invest. Most of our investments will not be publicly-traded or actively traded on a secondary market. As a result, we value these securities quarterly at fair value as determined in good faith as required by the 1940 Act. In connection with striking a NAV as of the last day of a month that is not also the last day of a calendar quarter, the Company will consider whether there has been a material change to such investments as to affect their fair value, but such analysis will be more limited than the quarter end process.
Securities that are not publicly traded or for which market prices are not readily available will be valued at fair value as determined in good faith pursuant to procedures adopted by the Manager, as Valuation Designee pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act, and under the oversight of the Board, based on, among other things, the input of the Manager, the Subadviser and independent third-party valuation firms engaged at the direction of Valuation Designee to review the Company’s investments.
As part of our valuation process, we will take into account relevant factors in determining the fair value of the Company’s investments without market quotations, many of which are loans, including and in combination, as relevant: (i) the estimated enterprise value of a portfolio company, (ii) the nature and realizable value of any collateral, (iii) the portfolio company’s ability to make payments based on its earnings and cash flow, (iv) the markets in which the portfolio company does business, (v) a comparison of the portfolio company’s securities to any similar publicly traded securities, and (vi) overall changes in the interest rate environment and the credit markets that may affect the price at which similar investments may be made in the future. Our determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for these non-traded securities existed. Due to this uncertainty, our fair value determinations may cause our NAV on a given date to materially differ from the value that we may ultimately realize upon the sale of one or more of our investments.
There is a risk that investors in our shares may not receive distributions or that our distributions may decrease over time.
We may not achieve investment results that will allow us to make a specified or stable level of cash distributions and our distributions may decrease over time. In addition, due to the asset coverage test applicable to us as a BDC, we may be limited in our ability to make distributions. 24
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The amount of any distributions we may make is uncertain. Our distributions may exceed our earnings, particularly during the period before we have substantially invested the net proceeds from our offering. Therefore, portions of the distributions that we make may represent a return of capital to shareholders that will lower their tax basis in their shares and reduce the amount of funds we have for investment in targeted assets.
We may fund our cash distributions to shareholders from any sources of funds available to us, including borrowings, subscription proceeds from shares in the Company, net investment income from operations, capital gains proceeds from the sale of assets, non-capital gains proceeds from the sale of assets, dividends or other distributions paid to us on account of investments in portfolio companies and fee and expense reimbursement waivers from the Manager, if any. Our ability to pay distributions might be adversely affected by, among other things, the impact of one or more of the risk factors described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In addition, the inability to satisfy the asset coverage test applicable to us as a BDC may limit our ability to pay distributions. All distributions are and will be paid at the discretion of the Board and will depend on our earnings, our financial condition, maintenance of our RIC status, compliance with applicable BDC regulations and such other factors as the Board may deem relevant from time to time. We cannot assure shareholders that we will continue to pay distributions to our shareholders in the future. In the event that we encounter delays in locating suitable investment opportunities, we may pay all or a substantial portion of our distributions from borrowings or sources other than cash flow from operations in anticipation of future cash flow, which may constitute a return of shareholder’s capital. A return of capital is a return of shareholder’s investment, rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from our investment activities.
Our distributions to shareholders may be funded from expense reimbursements or fee waivers that are subject to repayment pursuant to an expense limitation arrangement.
Distributions may also be funded in significant part, directly or indirectly, from temporary waivers or expense reimbursements borne by the Manager or its affiliates, that may be subject to reimbursement to the Manager or its affiliates. The repayment of any amounts owed to the Manager and its affiliates will reduce future distributions to which shareholders would otherwise be entitled. The Manager may choose to waive or reimburse its fees at its sole discretion, subject to any expense limitation and reimbursement agreement that may then be in effect.
We have not established any limit on the amount of funds we may use from available sources, such as borrowings, if any, or proceeds from this offering, to fund distributions (which may reduce the amount of capital we ultimately invest in assets).
We intend to generally fund distributions from operating cash flow in the ordinary course. However, shareholders should understand that we may make distributions from sources other than cash flow from operations or relying on fee or expense reimbursement waivers, if any, from the Manager and that such distributions are not based on our investment performance, and can only be sustained if we achieve positive investment performance in future periods and/or the Manager continues to makes such expense reimbursements, if any. The extent to which we pay distributions from sources other than cash flow from operations will depend on various factors, including the level of participation in our distribution reinvestment plan, how quickly we invest the proceeds from this and any future offering and the performance of our investments. To the extent that we borrow to fund distributions, the payment of interest on such borrowings will decrease the Company’s NAV, which would also cause the price per share in this offering to decrease. Shareholders should also understand that any amounts we use to pay distributions to shareholders from sources other than cash flow from operations may be required to be repaid in the future and that our future repayments of such amounts to the Manager or any lender will reduce the amount of the future distributions. Further, the per share amount of distributions on Class I, Class S and Class D Shares may differ because of different allocations of class-specific expenses. For example, distributions on Class S and Class D Shares will be lower than on Class I Shares because Class S and Class D Shares are subject to different shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees. There can be no assurance that we will achieve such performance in order to sustain these distributions, or be able to pay distributions at all. The Manager has no obligation to waive fees or receipt of expense reimbursements, if any. 25
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Although we have adopted a share repurchase program, we have discretion to not repurchase your shares or to suspend the program.
The Board may amend or suspend the share repurchase program at any time in its discretion. For example, in accordance with the Board’s fiduciary duty to the Company and shareholders, it may amend or suspend the share repurchase program during periods of market dislocation where selling assets to fund a repurchase could have a materially negative impact on remaining shareholders. Shareholders may not be able to sell their shares on a timely basis in the event the Board amends or suspends the share repurchase program, absent a liquidity event, and we currently do not intend to undertake a liquidity event, and we are not obligated by our charter or otherwise to effect a liquidity event at any time. Following any such suspension, the Board will reinstate the share repurchase program when appropriate and subject to its fiduciary duty to the Company and shareholders. We will notify shareholders of such developments in our quarterly reports or other filings. If less than the full amount of Common Shares requested to be repurchased in any given repurchase offer are repurchased, funds will be allocated pro rata based on the total number of Common Shares being repurchased without regard to class. The share repurchase program has many limitations and should not be considered a guaranteed method to sell shares promptly or at a desired price.
The timing of our repurchase offers pursuant to our share repurchase program may be at a time that is disadvantageous to our shareholders.
In the event a shareholder chooses to participate in our share repurchase program, the shareholder will be required to provide us with notice of intent to participate prior to knowing what the NAV per share of the class of shares being repurchased will be on the Repurchase Date. Although a shareholder will have the ability to withdraw a repurchase request prior to the Repurchase Date, to the extent a shareholder seeks to sell shares to us as part of our periodic share repurchase program, the shareholder will be required to do so without knowledge of what the repurchase price of our shares will be on the Repurchase Date.
As a public company, we are subject to regulations not applicable to private companies, such as provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Efforts to comply with such regulations will involve significant expenditures, and non-compliance with such regulations may adversely affect us.
As a public company, we are subject to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and the related rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC. Our management is required to report on our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, subject to a transition period. We are required to review on an annual basis our internal control over financial reporting, and on a quarterly and annual basis to evaluate and disclose changes in our internal control over financial reporting. As a relatively new company, developing and maintaining an effective system of internal controls may require significant expenditures, which may negatively impact our financial performance and our ability to make distributions. This process also will result in a diversion of our management’s time and attention. We cannot be certain of when our evaluation, testing and remediation actions will be completed or the impact of the same on our operations. In addition, we may be unable to ensure that the process is effective or that our internal controls over financial reporting are or will be effective in a timely manner. In the event that we are unable to develop or maintain an effective system of internal controls and maintain or achieve compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and related rules, we may be adversely affected.
Our independent registered public accounting firm will not be required to formally attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting until there is a public market for our shares, which is not expected to occur.
Changes in laws or regulations governing our operations may adversely affect our business or cause us to alter our business strategy.
We, our portfolio companies and other counterparties are subject to regulation at the local, state and federal level. New legislation may be enacted or new interpretations, rulings or regulations could be adopted, including those governing the types of investments we are permitted to make, any of which could harm us and our shareholders, potentially with retroactive effect.
In addition, uncertainty regarding legislation and regulations affecting the financial services industry or taxation could also adversely impact our business or the business of our portfolio companies.
Additionally, any changes to or repeal of the laws and regulations governing our operations relating to permitted investments may cause us to alter our investment strategy to avail ourselves of new or different opportunities. Such changes could result in material differences to our strategies and plans as set forth in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and may result in our investment focus shifting from the areas of expertise of the Manager to other types of investments in which the Manager may have less expertise or little or no experience. Thus, any such changes, if they occur, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations and the value of a shareholder’s investment. 26
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We may experience fluctuations in our quarterly results.
We could experience fluctuations in our quarterly operating results due to a number of factors, including our ability or inability to make investments in companies that meet our investment criteria, the interest rate payable on the loans or other debt securities we originate or acquire, the level of our expenses (including our borrowing costs), variations in and the timing of the recognition of realized and unrealized gains or losses, the degree to which we encounter competition in our markets and general economic conditions. As a result of these factors, results for any previous period should not be relied upon as being indicative of performance in future periods.
We are an “emerging growth company” under the JOBS Act, and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our shares less attractive to investors.
We will be and we will remain an “emerging growth company” as defined in the JOBS Act until the earlier of:
| 1) | the last day of the fiscal year (i) following the fifth anniversary of the completion of our initial public offering, (ii) in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.07 billion, or (iii) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our shares that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the date of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter, and |
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| 2) | the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three- year period. |
| --- | --- |
For so long as we remain an “emerging growth company,” we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies” including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We cannot predict if investors will find our shares less attractive because we will rely on some or all of these exemptions. If some investors find our shares less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our shares and our share price may be more volatile.
In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act also provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an “emerging growth company” can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We will take advantage of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards, which may make it more difficult for investors and securities analysts to evaluate us since our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company effective dates and may result in less investor confidence.
Any unrealized losses we experience on our portfolio may be an indication of future realized losses, which could reduce our income available for distribution.
As a BDC, we are required to carry our investments at market value or, if no market value is ascertainable, at the fair value as determined in good faith by the Board. Decreases in the market value or fair value of our investments relative to amortized cost will be recorded as unrealized depreciation. Any unrealized losses in our portfolio could be an indication of a portfolio company’s inability to meet its repayment obligations to us with respect to the affected loans. This could result in realized losses in the future and ultimately in reductions of our income available for distribution in future periods. In addition, decreases in the market value or fair value of our investments will reduce our NAV. 27
Table of Contents Risks Related to Our Investments
Our investments in prospective portfolio companies may be risky, and we could lose all or part of our investment.
Our investments may be risky and, subject to Company’s intent to invest at least 80% of its total assets (net assets plus borrowings for investment purposes) in private credit investments. The Company considers private credit investment to include loans, bonds and other credit instruments that are issued in private offerings or issued by private companies. There is no limit on the amount of any such investments in which we may invest. In addition, investment analyses and decisions by the Company and the Subadviser will often be undertaken on an expedited basis in order for the Company to take advantage of investment opportunities. In such cases, the information available to the Company and the Subadviser at the time of an investment decision may be limited, and the Company and the Subadviser may not have access to the detailed information necessary for a full evaluation of the investment opportunity. In addition, the financial information available to the Company and the Subadviser may not be accurate or provided based upon accepted accounting methods. The Company and the Subadviser will rely upon independent consultants or advisors in connection with the evaluation of proposed investments. There can be no assurance that these consultants or advisors will accurately evaluate such investments.
Risk Associated with Unspecified Transactions; No Assurance of Investment Return. Investors will be relying on the ability of the Subadviser to source, negotiate and consummate Company originated loans (each, a “loan” and, together with other portfolio investments, the “portfolio investments”) using the investments of shareholders, and there is no assurance that the Subadviser will find a sufficient number of attractive opportunities to meet the Company’s investment objective or that the Company will be able to make and realize its investment objective. The realizable value of a highly illiquid investment, at any given time, may be less than its intrinsic value. In addition, certain types of investments held by the Company may require a substantial length of time to liquidate. Furthermore, to the extent the investment strategy of the Company relies upon a certain set of market and economic conditions and such conditions do not materialize for an extended period of time, the Company may not be able to invest a significant portion of the proceeds. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to generate returns for its investors or that the returns will be commensurate with the risks of investing in the type of portfolio investments and transactions described herein.
Any information included in any of the Company’s marketing materials regarding targeted returns for the Company is provided as an indicator as to how the Company will be managed and is not intended to be viewed as an indicator of likely performance returns to investors in the Company. Any targeted return information is based upon projections, estimates and assumptions that a potential investment will yield a return equal to or greater than the target. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the Company’s projections, estimates or assumptions will be realized or that the Subadviser will be successful in finding investment opportunities that meet these anticipated return parameters.
Debt Instruments Generally. The Company will invest in debt instruments. Such debt may be unsecured and structurally or contractually subordinated to substantial amounts of senior indebtedness, all or a significant portion of which may be secured. Moreover, such debt investments may not be protected by financial covenants or limitations upon additional indebtedness and there is no minimum credit rating for such debt investments. Other factors may materially and adversely affect the market price and yield of such debt investments, including investor demand, changes in the financial condition of the applicable issuer, government fiscal policy and domestic or worldwide economic conditions. Debt instruments in which the Company may invest may have speculative characteristics.
Generally, speculative investments offer a higher return potential than higher-rated securities, but involve greater volatility of price and greater risk of loss of income and principal. The issuers of such instruments (including sovereign issuers) may face significant ongoing uncertainties and exposure to adverse conditions that may undermine the issuer’s ability to make timely payment of interest and principal. Such instruments are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligations and involve major risk exposure to adverse conditions. In addition, an economic recession could severely disrupt the market for most of these instruments and may have an adverse impact on the value of such instruments. It also is likely that any such economic downturn could adversely affect the ability of the issuers of such instruments to repay principal and pay interest thereon and increase the incidence of default for such instruments.
Adverse economic conditions may also decrease the value of any collateral securing our senior secured debt. A prolonged recession may further decrease the value of such collateral and result in losses of value in our portfolio and a decrease in our revenues, net income and NAV. Unfavorable economic conditions also could increase our funding costs, limit our access to the capital markets or result in a decision by lenders not to extend credit to us on terms we deem acceptable. These events could prevent us from increasing investments and adversely affect our operating results. 28
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Loans Risk. The loans that the Company may invest in include loans that are first lien, second lien, third lien or that are unsecured. In addition, the loans the Company will invest in will usually be rated below investment grade or may also be unrated. Loans are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including credit risk, liquidity risk, below investment grade instruments risk and management risk.
Although certain loans in which the Company may invest will be secured by collateral, there can be no assurance that such collateral could be readily liquidated or that the liquidation of such collateral would satisfy the borrower’s obligation in the event of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal. In the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of a borrower, the Company could experience delays or limitations with respect to its ability to realize the benefits of the collateral securing a loan. In the event of a decline in the value of the already pledged collateral, if the terms of a loan do not require the borrower to pledge additional collateral, the Company will be exposed to the risk that the value of the collateral will not at all times equal or exceed the amount of the borrower’s obligations under the loans. To the extent that a loan is collateralized by stock in the borrower or its subsidiaries, such stock may lose some or all of its value in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of the borrower. Those loans that are under-collateralized involve a greater risk of loss.
Further, there is a risk that any collateral pledged by portfolio companies in which the Company has taken a security interest may decrease in value over time or lose its entire value, may be difficult to sell in a timely manner, may be difficult to appraise and may fluctuate in value based upon the success of the business and market conditions, including as a result of the inability of the portfolio company to raise additional capital. To the extent the Company’s debt investment is collateralized by the securities of a portfolio company’s subsidiaries, such securities may lose some or all of their value in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of the portfolio company. Also, in some circumstances, the Company’s security interest may be contractually or structurally subordinated to claims of other creditors. In addition, deterioration in a portfolio company’s financial condition and prospects, including its inability to raise additional capital, may be accompanied by deterioration in the value of the collateral for the debt. Secured debt that is under-collateralized involves a greater risk of loss. In addition, second lien debt is granted a second priority security interest in collateral, which means that any realization of collateral will generally be applied to pay senior secured debt in full before second lien debt is paid. Likewise, third lien debt is granted a third priority security interest in collateral, which means that any realization of collateral will generally be applied to pay senior secured debt and second lien debt in full before third lien debt is paid. Consequently, the fact that debt is secured does not guarantee that the Company will receive principal and interest payments according to the debt’s terms, or at all, or that the Company will be able to collect on the debt should it be forced to enforce remedies.
Loans are not registered with the SEC, or any state securities commission, and are not listed on any national securities exchange. There is less readily available or reliable information about most loans than is the case for many other types of securities, including securities issued in transactions registered under the Securities Act or registered under the Exchange Act. No active trading market may exist for any or some loans, and some loans may be subject to restrictions on resale. A secondary market may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which may impair the ability to realize full value and thus cause a material decline in the Company’s NAV. In addition, the Company may not be able to readily dispose of its loans at prices that approximate those at which the Company could sell such loans if they were more widely-traded and, as a result of such illiquidity, the Company may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions if necessary to raise cash to meet its obligations. During periods of limited supply and liquidity of loans, the Company’s yield may be lower.
Some loans are subject to the risk that a court, pursuant to fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws, could subordinate the loans to presently existing or future indebtedness of the borrower or take other action detrimental to lenders, including the Company. Such court action could under certain circumstances include invalidation of loans.
If legislation of state or federal regulations impose additional requirements or restrictions on the ability of financial institutions to make loans, the availability of loans for investment by the Company may be adversely affected. In addition, such requirements or restrictions could reduce or eliminate sources of financing for certain borrowers. This would increase the risk of default.
If legislation or federal or state regulations require financial institutions to increase their capital requirements this may cause financial institutions to dispose of loans that are considered highly levered transactions. Such sales could result in prices that, in the opinion of the Subadviser, do not represent fair value. If the Company attempts to sell a loan at a time when a financial institution is engaging in such a sale, the price the Company could get for the loan may be adversely affected.
The Company typically originates loans (i.e., are the original lender) or acquires loans by participating in the initial issuance of the loan as the only lender or as part of a club. 29
Table of Contents The Company may also acquire loans through assignments. The purchaser of an assignment typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations of the assigning institution and becomes a lender under the credit agreement with respect to the debt obligation; however, the purchaser’s rights can be more restricted than those of the assigning institution, and the Company may not be able to unilaterally enforce all rights and remedies under the loan and with regard to any associated collateral.
A participation typically results in a contractual relationship only with the institution selling the participation interest, not with the borrower. Sellers of participations typically include banks, broker-dealers, other financial institutions and lending institutions. Certain participation agreements also include the option to convert the participation to a full assignment under agreed upon circumstances.
In purchasing participations, the Company generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan agreement against the borrower, and the Company may not directly benefit from the collateral supporting the debt obligation in which it has purchased the participation. As a result, the Company will be exposed to the credit risk of both the borrower and the institution selling the participation. Further, in purchasing participations in lending syndicates, the Company will not be able to conduct the due diligence on the borrower or the quality of the Loan with respect to which it is buying a participation that the Company would otherwise conduct if it were investing directly in the loan, which may result in the Company being exposed to greater credit or fraud risk with respect to the borrower or the loan than the Company expected when initially purchasing the participation.
The Company also may originate loans or acquire loans by participating in the initial issuance of the Loan as part of a club or syndicate of banks and financial institutions, or receive its interest in a loan directly from the borrower.
Senior Loans. The assets of the Company may include first lien senior secured debt and may also include selected second and third lien senior secured debt, each of which involves a higher degree of risk of a loss of capital as compared to debt of an earlier lien.
The factors affecting an issuer’s first, second and third lien loans, and its overall capital structure, are complex. Some first lien loans may not necessarily have priority over all other unsecured debt of an issuer. For example, some first lien loans may permit other secured obligations (such as overdrafts, swaps or other derivatives made available by members of the syndicate to the company), or involve first liens only on specified assets of an issuer (e.g., excluding real estate). Issuers of first lien loans may have multiple tranches of first lien debt outstanding, each with first liens on separate collateral, or may share first liens on the same collateral. Furthermore, liens with respect to primarily U.S. financings generally only cover U.S. assets, and non-U.S. assets are not included (other than, for example, where a borrower pledges a portion of the stock of first-tier non-U.S. subsidiaries). In the event of Chapter 11 filing by an issuer, the U.S. Bankruptcy Code authorizes the issuer to use a creditor’s collateral and to obtain additional credit by grant of a prior lien on its property, senior even to liens that were first in priority prior to the filing, as long as the issuer provides what the presiding bankruptcy judge considers to be “adequate protection,” which may, but need not always, consist of the grant of replacement or additional liens or the making of cash payments to the affected secured creditor. The imposition of prior liens on the Company’s collateral would adversely affect the priority of the liens and claims held by the Company and could adversely affect the Company’s recovery on its leveraged loans.
Any secured debt is secured only to the extent of its lien and only to the extent of the value of underlying assets or incremental proceeds on already secured assets. Moreover, underlying assets are subject to credit, liquidity, and interest rate risk. Although the amount and characteristics of the underlying assets selected as collateral may allow the Company to withstand certain assumed deficiencies in payments occasioned by the borrower’s default, if any deficiencies exceed such assumed levels or if underlying assets are sold, it is possible that the proceeds of such sale or disposition will not be sufficient to satisfy the amount of principal and interest owing to the Company in respect of its investment.
Senior secured credit facilities may sometimes be syndicated to a number of different financial market participants. The documentation governing such facilities typically requires either a majority consent or, in certain cases, unanimous approval for certain actions in respect of the credit, such as waivers, amendments, or the exercise of remedies. In addition, voting to accept or reject the terms of a restructuring of a credit pursuant to a Chapter 11 plan of reorganization is done on a class basis. As a result of these voting regimes, the Company may not have the ability to control any decision in respect of any amendment, waiver, exercise of remedies, restructuring or reorganization of debts owed to the Company.
Senior secured loans are also subject to other risks, including:
| ● | the possible invalidation of a debt or lien as a “fraudulent conveyance”; |
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| ● | the recovery as a “preference” of liens perfected or payments made on account of a debt in the 90 days before a bankruptcy filing; |
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| ● | equitable subordination claims by other creditors; |
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| ● | “lender liability” claims by the portfolio company of the obligations; and |
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| ● | environmental and/or other liabilities that may arise with respect to collateral securing the obligations. |
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Decisions in bankruptcy cases have held that a secondary loan market assignee can be denied a recovery from the debtor in a bankruptcy if a prior holder of the loans either received and does not return a preference or fraudulent conveyance, or if such prior holder engaged in conduct that would qualify for equitable subordination.
The Company’s investments may be subject to early redemption features, refinancing options, pre-payment options or similar provisions that, in each case, could result in the portfolio company repaying the principal on an obligation held by the Company earlier than expected. As a consequence, the Company’s ability to achieve its investment objective may be adversely affected.
Loan Origination. The Subadviser will originate loans on behalf of the Company. The level of analytical sophistication, both financial and legal, necessary for successful financing to companies, particularly companies experiencing significant business and financial difficulties, is high. There can be no assurance that the Subadviser and the Company will correctly evaluate the value of the assets collateralizing these loans or the prospects for successful repayment or a successful reorganization or similar action.
In accordance with applicable law, the Company’s ability to acquire loans could be dependent on the existence and performance of PPC’s origination platform, which includes other funds’ managed by PPC and enables PPC to commit in size to multiple deals. Therefore, a decrease in PPC’s origination platform or its inability to acquire investments suitable for the Company could reduce or possibly eliminate the ability of the Company to participate in certain loans within the Company’s investment objective and would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s performance. Other PPC funds could be subject to certain restrictions on the types of investments they can make, and such restrictions may in effect limit the types of investments the Company could make to the extent that the Company is dependent on PPC’s origination platform.
Loan origination involves a number of particular risks that may not exist in the case of secondary debt purchases. PPC may have to rely more on its own resources to conduct due diligence of the borrower, and such borrower may in some circumstances present a higher credit risk and/or could not obtain debt financing in the syndicated markets. Loan origination may also involve additional regulatory risks given licensing requirements for certain types of lending in some jurisdictions, and the scope of these regulatory requirements (and certain permitted exemptions) may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction and may change from time to time. In addition, in originating loans, the Company will compete with a broad spectrum of lenders, some of which may have greater financial resources than the Company, and some of which may be willing to lend money on better terms (from a borrower’s standpoint) than the Company. Increased competition for, or a diminution in the available supply of, qualifying loans may result in lower yields on such loans, which could reduce returns to the Company. The level of analytical sophistication, both financial and legal, necessary for successful financing to companies, particularly companies experiencing significant business and financial difficulties is unusually high. There is no assurance that the Subadviser will correctly evaluate the value of the assets collateralizing these loans or the prospects for successful repayment or a successful reorganization or similar action.
Risks Associated with Publicly Traded Securities. The Company may hold publicly traded securities following a workout of a transaction. The Company’s investments in public securities will be sensitive to changes in the valuation for public securities and macro and micro economic trends.
Follow-On Investments. The Company may be called upon to provide additional funding for its portfolio companies or have the opportunity to increase its investment in such portfolio companies. There can be no assurance that the Company will wish to make follow-on investments or that it will have sufficient funds to do so. Any decision by the Company not to make follow-on investments or its inability to make them may have a substantial negative impact on a portfolio company in need of such an investment.
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Non-U.S. Securities. The Company may invest in non-U.S. investments, which may include investments denominated in U.S. dollars or in non-U.S. currencies, to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. Such investments may involve a broad range of economic, non-U.S. currency and exchange rate, political, legal, tax and financial risks not typically associated with investments in U.S. companies. Such risks include, but are not limited to, (i) the risk of nationalization or expropriation of assets or confiscatory taxation, (ii) negative diplomatic developments and social, economic and political uncertainty, including war and revolution, (iii) dependence on exports and the corresponding importance of international trade, (iv) greater price fluctuations and market volatility, less liquidity and smaller capitalization of securities markets, (v) currency exchange rate fluctuations, (vi) higher rates of inflation, (vii) controls on, and changes in controls on, foreign investment and limitations on repatriation of invested capital and on the Company’s ability to exchange local currencies for United States dollars, (viii) governmental involvement in and control over the economies and other aspects of the private sector, (ix) governmental decisions to discontinue support of economic reform programs generally and to impose centrally planned economies, (x) differences in auditing and financial reporting standards which may result in the unavailability of material information about issuers, (xi) less extensive regulation of the securities markets, (xii) longer settlement periods for securities transactions, (xiii) less developed corporate laws regarding fiduciary duties and the protection of investors, and (xiv) taxes that may not be mitigated through refunds or tax treaties. Prior government approval for non-U.S. investments may be required under certain circumstances in some countries, and the process of obtaining these approvals may require a significant expenditure of time and resources. Additionally, certain countries depend heavily on exports to the United States. Accordingly, these countries may be sensitive to fluctuations in U.S. demand and changes in U.S. market conditions. The foregoing factors may increase transaction costs and adversely impact the value of the Company’s investments in non-U.S. portfolio companies.
Unsecured Securities and Second-Lien and Third-Lien Debt. The Company’s strategy may entail acquiring unsecured instruments. If a portfolio company becomes financially distressed or insolvent and does not successfully reorganize, the Company will have no assurance (compared to those distressed securities investors that acquire only fully collateralized positions) that it will recover any of the principal that the Company has invested. In addition, the debt securities in which we will invest may not be protected by financial covenants or limitations upon additional indebtedness, may have limited liquidity and are not expected to be rated by a credit rating agency.
The Company may also make investments in second and third lien financings, which will entail risks including (i) the subordination of the liens securing the Company’s claims to a senior lien in terms of the coverage and recovery of the collateral and (ii) the prohibition of, or limitation on, the right to foreclose on a second or third lien or exercise other rights as a second or third lien holder (including unsecured creditors’ rights). In certain cases, therefore, no recovery may be available from a defaulted second or third lien financing. The level of risk associated with investments in second and third lien financing increases to the extent such investments are financings of distressed or below investment grade companies.
Derivatives Risk. The Company may invest in derivative instruments, such as foreign currency forward contracts, options contracts, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, indexed securities, credit linked notes, credit default swaps and other swap agreements for hedging, investment, risk management, or leverage purposes, or to manage exchange rates or the duration of the Company’s portfolio.
Derivative transactions may subject the Company to increased risk of principal loss due to imperfect correlation between the values of the derivatives and the underlying securities or unexpected price or interest rate movements. The use of derivatives may subject the Company to risks, including, but not limited to:
| ● | Counterparty Risk. The risk that the counterparty in a derivative transaction will be unable to honor its financial obligation to the Company. If the Company’s counterparty to a derivative transaction experiences a loss of capital, or is perceived to lack adequate capital or access to capital, it may experience margin calls or other regulatory requirements to increase equity. Under such circumstances, the risk that a counterparty will be unable to honor its financial obligations may be substantially increased. The Company generally expects to engage in over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivatives transactions, but may engage in cleared derivatives as well. The counterparty risk for cleared derivatives is generally lower than for uncleared OTC derivative transactions since generally a clearing organization becomes substituted for each counterparty to a cleared derivative contract and, in effect, guarantees the parties’ performance under the contract as each party to a trade looks only to the clearing house for performance of financial obligations. However, there can be no assurance that the clearing house, or its members, will satisfy its obligations to the Company. |
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| ● | Currency Risk. The risk that changes in the exchange rate between two currencies will adversely affect the value (in U.S. dollar terms) of an investment. |
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| ● | Leverage Risk. The risk associated with certain types of derivative strategies that relatively small market movements may result in large changes in the value of an investment. Certain investments or trading strategies that involve leverage can result in losses that greatly exceed the amount originally invested. |
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| ● | Liquidity Risk. The risk that certain derivative positions may be difficult or impossible to close out at the time that the Company would like or at the price that the Company believes the position is currently worth. This risk is heightened to the extent the Company engages in over-the-counter derivative transactions, which are generally less liquid than exchange-traded instruments. |
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| ● | Correlation Risk. The risk that changes in the value of a derivative will not match the changes in the value of the portfolio holdings that are being hedged or of the particular market or security to which the Company seeks exposure. Furthermore, the ability to successfully use derivative instruments depend in part on the ability of the Manager and Subadviser to predict pertinent market movements, which cannot be assured. |
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| ● | Index Risk. If the derivative is linked to the performance of an index, it will be subject to the risks associated with changes in that index. If the index changes, the Company could receive lower interest payments or experience a reduction in the value of the derivative to below what the Company paid. Certain indexed derivatives may create leverage, to the extent that they increase or decrease in value at a rate that is a multiple of the changes in the applicable index. |
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| ● | Market Risk. Changes in the value of one or more markets or changes with respect to the value of the underlying asset will adversely affect the value of a derivative. In the event of an adverse movement, the Company may be required to pay substantial additional margin to maintain its position or the Company’s returns may be adversely affected. |
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| ● | Operational Risk. Derivatives transactions involve risks of potential operational issues, including documentation issues, settlement issues, systems failures, inadequate controls and human error. |
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| ● | Legal Risk. Derivatives transactions involve risks related to insufficient documentation, insufficient capacity or authority of counterparty, or legality or enforceability of a contract. |
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| ● | Regulatory Risk. Derivative contracts, including, without limitation, swaps, currency forwards, and non-deliverable forwards, are subject to regulation under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (“Dodd-Frank Act”) in the U.S. and under comparable regimes in Europe, Asia and other non-U.S. jurisdictions. Swaps, non-deliverable forwards and certain other derivatives traded in the OTC market are subject to variation margin requirements, and initial margining requirements will be phased in through September 1, 2022. Implementation of the margining and other provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act regarding clearing, mandatory trading, reporting and documentation of swaps and other derivatives have impacted and may continue to impact the costs of trading these instruments and, as a result, may affect returns to investors in the Company. |
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In addition, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “CFTC”) subjects advisers to registered investment companies to regulation by the CFTC if a fund that is advised by the investment adviser either (i) invests, directly or indirectly, more than a prescribed level of its liquidation value in certain derivatives, or (ii) markets itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. CFTC Rule 4.5 permits investment advisers to registered investment companies to claim an exclusion from the definition of “commodity pool operator” under the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”) with respect to a fund, provided certain requirements are met. In order to permit the Manager and Subadviser to claim this exclusion with respect to the Company, the Company will limit its use of such derivatives (excluding transactions entered into for “bona fide hedging purposes,” as defined under CFTC regulations) such that either: (i) the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish its derivatives do not exceed 5% of the liquidation value of the Company’s portfolio, after taking into account unrealized profits and losses on such positions, or (ii) the aggregate net notional value of its derivatives does not exceed 100% of the liquidation value of the Company’s portfolio, after taking into account unrealized profits and losses on such positions. Additionally, the Company will not market itself as a “commodity pool” or a vehicle for trading such instruments. Accordingly, the Company is not subject to regulation under the CEA or otherwise regulated by the CFTC, and the Manager has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” under the CEA pursuant to Rule 4.5 under the CEA. The Manager is not, therefore, subject to registration or regulation as a “commodity pool operator” under the CEA in respect of the Company. 33
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The Company may invest in portfolio companies whose capital structures may have significant leverage, which may impair these companies’ ability to finance their future operations and capital needs.
While investments in leveraged companies offer the potential opportunity for capital appreciation, such investments also involve a higher degree of risk as a result of recessions, operating problems and other general business and economic risks that may have a more pronounced effect on the profitability or survival of such companies. Such investments are inherently more sensitive to declines in revenues, competitive pressures and increases in expenses. Moreover, rising interest rates may significantly increase portfolio companies’ interest expense, causing losses and/or the inability to service debt levels. If a portfolio company cannot generate adequate cash flow to meet debt obligations, the portfolio company may default on its loan agreements or be forced into bankruptcy resulting in a restructuring of the company’s capital structure or liquidation of the company, and the Company may suffer a partial or total loss of capital invested in the portfolio company. Furthermore, to the extent companies in which the Company has invested become insolvent, the Company may determine, in cooperation with other debt holders or on its own, to engage, at the Company’s expense in whole or in part, counsel and other advisors in connection therewith. In addition to leverage in the capital structure of portfolio companies, the Company may incur leverage which magnifies gains and losses attributable to other investment policies and practices.
Distressed Investments; Restructurings. The Company may make investments in companies that subsequently become distressed (e.g., defaulted, out- of-favor or distressed bank loans and debt securities). Certain of the Company’s investments may, therefore, include specific investments in companies that become highly leveraged with significant burdens on cash flow, and, therefore, involve a high degree of financial risk. Portfolio companies may be facing liquidity challenges due to debt maturities, covenant violations, cyclical challenges or imminent bankruptcy, or they need financing in order to exit bankruptcy. The Company’s investments may be considered speculative and subject to a high degree of risk, and the ability of the relevant portfolio companies to pay their debts on schedule could be adversely affected by interest rate movements, changes in the general economic climate or the economic factors affecting a particular industry, or specific developments within such companies. Investments in companies operating in workout or bankruptcy modes also present additional legal risks, including fraudulent conveyance, voidable preference and equitable subordination risks. The level of analytical sophistication, both financial and legal, necessary for successful investment in companies experiencing significant business and financial difficulties is unusually high. There is no assurance that the Subadviser will correctly evaluate the value of the assets collateralizing the Company’s loans or the prospects for a successful reorganization or similar action.
Distressed/Defaulted Securities. The Company may invest in the securities of companies that subsequently become involved in bankruptcy proceedings, reorganizations or financial restructurings, and that may face pending covenant violations or significant debt maturities. In such a case, the Company may have a more active participation in the affairs of such portfolio companies than is generally assumed by an investor. Such investments could, in certain circumstances, subject the Company to certain additional potential liabilities, which may exceed the value of the Company’s original investment therein. For example, under certain circumstances, a lender who has inappropriately exercised control over the management and policies of a debtor may have its claims subordinated or disallowed or may be found liable for damages suffered by parties as a result of such actions. Furthermore, such investments could also subject the Company to litigation risks or prevent the Company from disposing of securities. In any reorganization or liquidation proceeding relating to a portfolio company or an investment, the Company may lose its entire investment, may be required to accept cash or securities with a value less than the Company’s original investment and/or may be required to accept payment over an extended period of time. In addition, under certain circumstances, payments to the Company and the related distributions by the Company to the shareholders may be reclaimed if any such payment or distribution is later determined to have been a fraudulent conveyance, preferential payment, or similar transaction under applicable bankruptcy and insolvency laws. As more fully discussed below, in a bankruptcy or other proceeding, the Company as a creditor may be unable to enforce its rights in any collateral or may have its security interest in any collateral challenged or disallowed, and its claims may be subordinated to the claims of other creditors.
The market for distressed securities is expected to be less liquid than the market for securities of companies that are not distressed. A substantial length of time may be required to liquidate investments in securities that become distressed. Furthermore, at times, a major portion of an issue of distressed securities may be held by relatively few investors, and the market may be limited to a narrow range of potential counterparties, such as other financial institutions. Under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the portfolio companies, the Company may find it more difficult to sell such securities when the Subadviser believes it advisable to do so or may only be able to sell such securities at a loss. The Company may also find it more difficult to determine the fair market value of distressed securities for the purpose of computing the Company’s net asset value. In some cases, the Company may be prohibited by contract from selling investments for a period of time.
Non-Performing Debt. Certain debt instruments that the Company may invest in may be or become nonperforming and possibly in default. The obligor or relevant guarantor may also be in or enter bankruptcy or liquidation. There can be no assurance as to the amount and timing of payments, if any, with respect to any such debt instruments.
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Table of Contents Loans may become non-performing for a variety of reasons and borrowers on loans constituting the Company’s assets may seek the protection afforded by bankruptcy, insolvency and other debtor relief laws. Upon a bankruptcy filing in a U.S. Bankruptcy Court by an issuer of debt, the U.S. Bankruptcy Code imposes an automatic stay on payments of such issuer’s pre-petition debt. A stay on payments to be made on the assets of the Company could adversely affect the value of those assets and the Company itself. Other protections in such proceedings may include forgiveness of debt, the ability to create super-priority liens in favor of certain creditors of the debtor and certain well-defined claims procedures. Non-performing debt obligations may require substantial workout negotiations, restructuring or bankruptcy filings that may entail a substantial reduction in the interest rate, deferral of payments and/or a substantial write- down of the principal of a loan or conversion of some or all of the debt to equity. Insolvency laws may, in certain jurisdictions, result in a restructuring of the debt without the Company’s consent under the “cramdown” provisions of applicable insolvency laws and may also result in a discharge of all or part of the debt without payment to the Company. If a portfolio company were to file for Chapter 11 reorganization, the U.S. Bankruptcy Code authorizes the issuer to restructure the terms of repayment of a class of debt, even if the class fails to accept the restructuring, as long as the restructured terms are “fair and equitable” to the class and certain other conditions are met. Similar risks may be present in non-U.S. insolvency proceedings.
Such non-performing instruments or loans may also require a substantial amount of workout negotiations or restructuring, which may entail, among other things, a substantial reduction in the interest rate and a substantial writedown of principal. It is possible that the Company may find it necessary or desirable to foreclose on collateral securing one or more loans purchased by the Company. The foreclosure process varies jurisdiction by jurisdiction and can be lengthy and expensive. Borrowers often resist foreclosure actions, which often prolongs and complicates an already difficult and time-consuming process. In some states or other jurisdictions, foreclosure actions can take up to several years or more to conclude. During the foreclosure proceedings, a borrower may have the ability to file for bankruptcy, potentially staying the foreclosure action and further delaying the foreclosure process. Foreclosure litigation tends to create a negative public image of the collateral assets and may result in disrupting ongoing management of the company. There can be no assurance as to the amount and timing of payments, if any, with respect to any such debt instruments.
Failure of Financial Institutions and Sustained Financial Market Illiquidity.
The failure of certain financial institutions, namely banks, may increase the possibility of a sustained deterioration of financial market liquidity, or illiquidity at clearing, cash management and/or custodial financial institutions. The failure of a bank (or banks) with which we and/or our portfolio companies have a commercial relationship could adversely affect, among other things, our and/or our portfolio companies’ ability to pursue key strategic initiatives, including by affecting our ability to borrow from financial institutions on favorable terms. Our direct origination platform generally focuses on mature companies backed by well-capitalized equity partners (e.g., private equity firms), typically with significant equity capital invested. In the event a portfolio company, or potential portfolio company, has a commercial relationship with a bank that has failed or is otherwise distressed, such portfolio company may experience delays or other issues in meeting certain obligations or consummating transactions.
Additionally, if a portfolio company’s sponsor has a commercial relationship with a bank that has failed or is otherwise distressed, the portfolio company may experience issues receiving financial support from a sponsor to support its operations or consummate transactions, to the detriment of their business, financial condition and/or results of operations. In addition, such bank failure(s) could affect, in certain circumstances, the ability of both affiliated and unaffiliated co-lenders, including syndicate banks or other fund vehicles, to undertake and/or execute co-investment transactions with us, which in turn may result in fewer co-investment opportunities being made available to us or impact our ability to provide additional follow-on support to portfolio companies. Our and our portfolio companies’ ability to spread banking relationships among multiple institutions may be limited by certain contractual arrangements, including liens placed on their respective assets as a result of a bank agreeing to provide financing.
The nature of bankruptcy proceedings may have a materially adverse effect on the performance of the Company.
A portfolio company may become involved in a reorganization, bankruptcy or other proceeding. In any such event, the Company may lose its entire investment, may be required to accept cash or securities or assets with a value less than the Company’s original investment and/or may be required to accept payment over an extended period of time. 35
Table of Contents In the event of insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of an obligor, holders of debt instruments ranking senior to the Company’s investments would typically be entitled to receive payment in full before the Company receives any distributions in respect of its investments. After repaying the senior creditors, such obligor may not have any remaining assets to repay its obligations to the Company. In the case of debt ranking equally with the loans or debt securities in which the Company invests, the Company would have to share on an equal basis any distributions with other creditors holding such debt in the event of an insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of the relevant investee company. Each jurisdiction in which the Company invests has its own insolvency laws. As a result, investments in similarly situated investee companies in different jurisdictions may well confer different rights in the event of insolvency. In addition, upon the insolvency of a portfolio company, payments that such portfolio company made to the Company may be subject to avoidance, cancellation and/or clawback as a “preference” if made within a certain period of time (which may be as long as two years) before insolvency.
A portfolio company that becomes distressed or any distressed asset received by the Company in a restructuring would require active monitoring. Involvement by the Subadviser in a company’s reorganization proceedings could result in the imposition of restrictions limiting the Company’s ability to liquidate its position therein. Bankruptcy proceedings involve a number of significant risks. Many of the events within a bankruptcy litigation are adversarial and often beyond the control of the creditors. While creditors generally are afforded an opportunity to object to significant actions, there can be no assurance that a bankruptcy court would not approve actions which may be contrary to the interests of the Company, particularly in those jurisdictions which give a comparatively high priority to preserving the debtor company as a going concern, or to protecting the interests of either creditors with higher ranking claims in bankruptcy or of other stakeholders, such as employees.
Generally, the duration of a bankruptcy case can only be roughly estimated. The reorganization of a company usually involves the development and negotiation of a plan of reorganization, plan approval by creditors and confirmation by the bankruptcy court. This process can involve substantial legal, professional and administrative costs to the company and the Company; it is subject to unpredictable and lengthy delays, particularly in jurisdictions which do not have specialized insolvency courts or judges and/or may have a higher risk of political interference in insolvency proceedings, all of which may have adverse consequences for the Company. During such process, the company’s competitive position may erode, key management may depart and the company may not be able to invest adequately. In some cases, the company may not be able to reorganize and may be required to liquidate assets. Although the Company will invest only in debt, the debt of companies in financial reorganization will, in most cases, not pay current interest, may not accrue interest during reorganization and may be adversely affected by an erosion of the issuer’s fundamental values. Such investments can result in a total loss of principal and/or the Company receiving equity in connection with a portfolio company workout, restructuring or reorganization.
One of the protections offered in certain jurisdictions in bankruptcy proceedings is a stay on required payments by the borrower on loans or other securities. When a portfolio company or other issuer seeks relief under the bankruptcy laws of a particular jurisdiction (or has a petition filed against it), an automatic stay prevents all entities, including creditors, from foreclosing or taking other actions to enforce claims, perfect liens or reach collateral securing such claims. Creditors who have claims against the issuer prior to the date of the bankruptcy filing must generally petition the court to permit them to take any action to protect or enforce their claims or their rights in any collateral. Such creditors may be prohibited from doing so if the court concludes that the value of the property in which the creditor has an interest will be “adequately protected” during the proceedings. If the bankruptcy court’s assessment of adequate protection is inaccurate, a creditor’s collateral may be wasted without the creditor being afforded the opportunity to preserve it. Thus, even if the Company holds a secured claim, it may be prevented from collecting the liquidation value of the collateral securing its debt, unless relief from the automatic stay is granted by the court. If relief from the stay is not granted, the Company may not realize a distribution on account of its secured claim until a plan of reorganization or liquidation for the debtor is confirmed. Bankruptcy proceedings are inherently litigious, time consuming, highly complex and driven extensively by facts and circumstances, which can result in challenges in predicting outcomes. The equitable power of bankruptcy judges also can result in uncertainty as to the ultimate resolution of claims. A stay on payments to be made on the assets of the Company could adversely affect the value of those assets and the Company itself. Other protections in such proceedings may include forgiveness of debt, the ability to create super-priority liens in favor of certain creditors of the debtor and certain well-defined claims procedures. Additionally, the numerous risks inherent in the insolvency process create a potential risk of loss by the Company of its entire investment in any particular issuer. Insolvency laws may, in certain jurisdictions, result in a restructuring of the debt without the Company’s consent under the “cramdown” provisions of applicable insolvency laws and may also result in a discharge of all or part of the debt without payment to the Company. 36
Table of Contents Security interests held by creditors are closely scrutinized and frequently challenged in bankruptcy proceedings and may be invalidated for a variety of reasons. For example, security interests may be set aside because, as a technical matter, they have not been perfected properly under applicable law. If a security interest is invalidated, the secured creditor loses the value of the collateral and because loss of the secured status causes the claim to be treated as an unsecured claim, the holder of such claim will be more likely to experience a significant loss of its investment. There can be no assurance that the security interests securing the Company’s claims will not be challenged vigorously and found defective in some respect, or that the Company will be able to prevail against the challenge. As such, investments in issuers involved in such proceedings could subject the Company to certain additional potential liabilities that may exceed the value of the Company’s original investment therein.
Moreover, under applicable bankruptcy law, debt may be disallowed or subordinated to the claims of other creditors if the creditor is found guilty of certain inequitable conduct resulting in harm to other parties with respect to the affairs of a company or other issuer filing for protection from creditors. In addition, creditors’ claims may be treated as equity if they are deemed to be contributions to capital, or if a creditor attempts to control the outcome of the business affairs of an issuer prior to its filing under such laws. If a creditor is found to have interfered with an issuer’s affairs to the detriment of other creditors or shareholders, the creditor may be held liable for damages to injured parties. There can be no assurance that claims for equitable subordination or creditor liability will not be asserted with respect to the Company’s portfolio investments.
While the challenges to liens and debt normally occur in a bankruptcy proceeding, the conditions or conduct that would lead to an attack in a bankruptcy proceeding could in certain circumstances result in actions brought by other creditors of the debtor, shareholders of the debtor or even the debtor itself in other U.S. state or U.S. federal proceedings or non-U.S. proceedings, including pursuant to state fraudulent transfer laws. As is the case in a bankruptcy proceeding, there can be no assurance that such claims will not be asserted or that the Company will be able successfully to defend against them. To the extent that the Company assumes an active role in any legal proceeding involving the debtor, the Company may be prevented from disposing of securities issued by the debtor due to the Company’s possession of material, non-public information concerning the debtor.
U.S. bankruptcy law permits the classification of “substantially similar” claims in determining the classification of claims in a reorganization for purpose of voting on a plan of reorganization. Because the standard for classification is vague, there exists a significant risk that the Company’s influence with respect to a class of claims can be lost by the inflation of the number and the amount of claims in, or other gerrymandering of, the class. In addition, certain administrative costs and claims that have priority by law over the claims of certain creditors (for example, claims for taxes) may be quite high. Similar risks may be present in non-U.S. insolvency proceedings.
It may be difficult to bring suit or foreclosure in non-U.S. countries.
Because the effectiveness of the judicial systems in the countries in which the Company may invest varies, the Company (or any portfolio company) may have difficulty in foreclosing or successfully pursuing claims in the courts of such countries, as compared to the United States or other countries. Further, to the extent the Company or a portfolio company may obtain a judgment but is required to seek its enforcement in the courts of one of these countries in which the Company invests, there can be no assurance that such courts will enforce such judgment. The laws of other countries often lack the sophistication and consistency found in the United States with respect to foreclosure, bankruptcy, corporate reorganization or creditors’ rights.
Below Investment Grade Risk. The Company intends to invest in securities that are rated below investment grade by rating agencies or that would be rated below investment grade if they were rated. Below investment grade securities, which are often referred to as “junk,” have predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. They may also be difficult to value and illiquid. The major risks of below investment grade securities include:
| ● | Below investment grade securities may be issued by less creditworthy issuers. Issuers of below investment grade securities may have a larger amount of outstanding debt relative to their assets than issuers of investment grade securities. In the event of an issuer’s bankruptcy, claims of other creditors may have priority over the claims of holders of below investment grade securities, leaving few or no assets available to repay holders of below investment grade securities. |
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| ● | Prices of below investment grade securities are subject to extreme price fluctuations. Adverse changes in an issuer’s industry and general economic conditions may have a greater impact on the prices of below investment grade securities than on other higher-rated fixed-income securities. |
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| ● | Issuers of below investment grade securities may be unable to meet their interest or principal payment obligations because of an economic downturn, specific issuer developments or the unavailability of additional financing. |
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| ● | Below investment grade securities frequently have redemption features that permit an issuer to repurchase the security from us before it matures. If the issuer redeems below investment grade securities, the Company may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields and may lose income. |
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| ● | Below investment grade securities may be less liquid than higher-rated fixed-income securities, or may not have an active trading market, even under normal economic conditions. There are fewer dealers in the below investment grade securities market, and there may be significant differences in the prices quoted by the dealers. Judgment may play a greater role in valuing these securities and the Company may be unable to sell these securities at an advantageous time or price. |
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| ● | The Company may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting issuer. |
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The credit rating of a high-yield security does not necessarily address its market value risk. Ratings and market value may change from time to time, positively or negatively, to reflect new developments regarding the issuer.
“Covenant-lite” Obligations. The Company may invest in, or obtain exposure to, obligations that may be “covenant- lite,” which means such obligations lack certain financial maintenance covenants. While these loans may still contain other collateral protections, a covenant-lite loan may carry more risk than a covenant-heavy loan made by the same borrower, as it does not require the borrower to provide affirmation that certain specific financial tests have been satisfied on a routine basis as is required under a covenant-heavy loan agreement. Should a loan held by the Company begin to deteriorate in quality, the Company’s ability to negotiate with the borrower may be delayed under a covenant-lite loan compared to a loan with full maintenance covenants. This may in turn delay the Company’s ability to seek to recover its investment.
Bridge Financings. From time to time, the Company may lend to portfolio companies on a short-term, unsecured basis or otherwise invest on an interim basis in portfolio companies in anticipation of a future issuance of equity or long-term debt securities or other refinancing or syndication. Such bridge loans would typically be convertible into a more permanent, long-term security; however, for reasons not always in the Company’s control, such long-term securities issuance or other refinancing or syndication may not occur and such bridge loans and interim investments may remain outstanding. In such event, the interest rate on such loans or the terms of such interim investments may not adequately reflect the risk associated with the position taken by the Company.
Investments in middle market companies involve a number of significant risks, any one of which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results.
Investments in middle market companies generally involve the same risks that apply generally to investments in larger, more established companies. However, such investments have more pronounced risks in that middle market companies:
| ● | may have limited financial resources and may be unable to meet their obligations under their debt securities that the Company holds, which may be accompanied by a deterioration in the value of any collateral and a reduction in the likelihood of us realizing on any guarantees we may have obtained in connection with our investment; |
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| ● | have shorter operating histories, narrower product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which tends to render them more vulnerable to competitors’ actions and changing market conditions, as well as general economic downturns; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | are more likely to depend on the management talents and efforts of a small group of persons; therefore, the death, disability, resignation or termination of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse impact on our portfolio company and, in turn, on the Company; |
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| ● | generally have less predictable operating results, may from time to time be parties to litigation, may be engaged in rapidly changing businesses with products subject to a substantial risk of obsolescence and may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, finance expansion or maintain their competitive position. In addition, the Company’s executive officers, Trustees and members of the Manager or Subadviser may, in the ordinary course of business, be named as defendants in litigation arising from the Company’s investments in the portfolio companies; and |
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| ● | may have difficulty accessing the capital markets to meet future capital needs, which may limit their ability to grow or to repay their outstanding indebtedness upon maturity. |
| --- | --- |
Loans to private companies involve risks that may not exist in the case of more established and/or publicly traded companies.
These risks include the risk that:
| ● | these companies may have limited financial resources and limited access to additional financing, which may increase the risk of their defaulting on their obligations, leaving creditors, such as the Company, dependent on any guarantees or collateral that they may have obtained; |
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| ● | these companies frequently have shorter operating histories, narrower product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which render such companies more vulnerable to competition and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | there will not be as much information publicly available about these companies as would be available for public companies and such information may not be of the same quality; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | these companies are more likely to depend on the management talents and efforts of a small group of persons; as a result, the death, disability, resignation or termination of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse impact on these companies’ ability to meet their obligations; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | these companies generally have less predictable operating results, may from time to time be parties to litigation, may be engaged in rapidly changing businesses with products subject to a substantial risk of obsolescence, and may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, finance their expansion or maintain their competitive position; and |
| --- | --- |
| ● | these companies may have difficulty accessing the capital markets to meet future capital needs, which may limit their ability to grow or to repay their outstanding indebtedness upon maturity. |
| --- | --- |
The Company’s portfolio companies may incur debt that ranks equally with, or senior to, our investments in such companies.
The Company’s portfolio companies may have, or may be permitted to incur, other debt that ranks equally with, or senior to, the debt in which the Company invests. By their terms, such debt instruments may entitle the holders to receive payment of interest or principal on or before the dates on which the Company is entitled to receive payments with respect to the debt instruments in which it invests. Also, in the event of insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of a portfolio company, holders of debt instruments ranking senior to our investment in that portfolio company would typically be entitled to receive payment in full before the Company receives any proceeds. After repaying such senior creditors, such portfolio company may not have any remaining assets to use for repaying its obligation to the Company. In the case of debt ranking equally with debt instruments in which the Company invests, the Company would have to share on an equal basis any distributions with other creditors holding such debt in the event of an insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of the relevant portfolio company and the portfolio company may not have sufficient assets to pay all equally ranking credit even if the Company holds senior, first-lien debt. 39
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There could be circumstances in which the Company may not be able to control the modification, waiver or amendment of the terms and conditions of a loan agreement if a sufficient number of the other lenders act contrary to the Company’s preferences.
The terms and conditions of loan agreements and related assignments may be amended, modified or waived only by the agreement of the lenders. Generally, any such agreement must include a majority or a supermajority (measured by outstanding loans or commitments) or, in certain circumstances, a unanimous vote of the lenders. Consequently, there could be circumstances in which the Company may not be able to control the modification, waiver or amendment of the terms and conditions of a loan agreement if a sufficient number of the other lenders act contrary to the Company’s preferences. If the Company invests or holds an investment through participation interests or derivative securities rather than directly, it is possible that the Company may not be entitled to vote on any such adjustment of terms of such agreements.
The exercise of remedies may also be subject to the vote of a specified percentage of the lenders thereunder. The Subadviser will have the authority to cause the Company to consent to certain amendments, waivers or modifications to the investments requested by obligors, other lenders or the lead agents for loan syndication agreements. The Subadviser may, in accordance with its investment management standards, cause the Company to extend or defer the maturity, adjust the outstanding balance of any investment, reduce or forgive interest or fees, release material collateral or guarantees, or otherwise amend, modify or waive the terms of any related loan agreement, including the payment terms thereunder. Any amendment, waiver or modification of an investment could adversely impact the Company’s investment returns.
The Company generally will not control its portfolio companies and, due to the illiquid nature of the Company’s holdings in its portfolio companies, the Company may not be able to dispose of its interests in portfolio companies.
The Company does not expect to control most of its portfolio companies, even though the Company’s debt agreements with such portfolio companies may contain certain restrictive covenants. As a result, the Company is subject to the risk that a portfolio company in which it invests may make business decisions with which the Company disagrees and the management of such company, as representatives of the holders of the company’s common equity, may take risks or otherwise act in ways that do not serve the Company’s interests as a debt investor. Due to the lack of liquidity for the Company’s investments in non-traded companies, the Company may not be able to dispose of its interests in its portfolio companies as readily as the Company would like or at an appropriate valuation. As a result, a portfolio company may make decisions that could decrease the value of the Company’s portfolio holdings.
The Company will be exposed to risks associated with changes in interest rates.
General interest rate fluctuations may have a substantial negative impact on the Company’s investments and investment opportunities and, accordingly, may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to achieve its investment objective and the rate of return on invested capital. Because the Company may borrow money to make investments, its net investment income will depend, in part, upon the difference between the rate at which it may borrow funds and the rate at which it may invest these funds. As a result, there can be no assurance that a significant change in market interest rates will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s net investment income.
The Company’s debt investments may be based on floating interest rates, such EURIBOR, the Federal Companys Rate, the Prime Rate or SOFR (or the local equivalent, e.g., SONIA and BBSW) plus a fixed credit spread, that reset on a periodic basis, and many of our investments will be subject to interest rate floors. A reduction in the interest rates on new investments relative to interest rates on current investments could have an adverse impact on the Company’s net investment income, which also could be negatively impacted by its borrowers making prepayments on their loans. On the other hand, an increase in interest rates could increase the interest repayment obligations of the Company’s borrowers and result in challenges to their financial performance and ability to repay their obligations. In addition, the Company’s cost of funds likely will increase because the interest rates on the majority of amounts the Company may borrow are likely to be floating, which could reduce the Company’s net investment income to the extent any debt investments have fixed interest rates, and the interest rate on investments with an interest rate floor will not increase until interest rates exceed the applicable floor. 40
Table of Contents In the current rising interest rate environment, payments under floating rate debt instruments generally would rise and there may be a significant number of issuers of such floating rate debt instruments that would be unable or unwilling to pay such increased interest costs and may otherwise be unable to repay their loans. Investments in floating rate debt instruments may also decline in value in response to rising interest rates if the interest rates of such investments do not rise as much, or as quickly, as market interest rates in general. Similarly, during periods of rising interest rates, fixed-rate debt instruments may decline in value because the fixed rates of interest paid thereunder may be below market interest rates. Rising interest rates may also increase the cost of debt for our underlying portfolio companies, which could adversely impact their financial performance and ability to meet ongoing obligations to us.
Any inaccuracy or incompleteness by a portfolio company or breach of covenants may adversely affect the valuation of the collateral underlying the loans or the ability of the lenders to perfect or effectuate a lien on the collateral securing the loan or the Company’s ability to otherwise realize on or avoid losses in respect of the investment.
The Company will seek to make or acquire portfolio investments having structural, covenant and other contractual terms providing adequate downside protection, but there can be no assurance that such attempts to provide downside protection with respect to its investments will achieve their desired effect, and, accordingly, potential investors should regard an investment in the Company as being speculative and having a high degree of risk. Of paramount concern in making or acquiring a portfolio investment is the possibility of material misrepresentation or omission on the part of the portfolio investment seller, the portfolio company or other credit support providers, or breach of covenant by any such parties. Such inaccuracy or incompleteness or breach of covenants may adversely affect the valuation of the portfolio company and/or the collateral underlying the loans or the ability of the lenders to perfect or effectuate a lien on the collateral securing the loan or the Company’s ability to otherwise realize on or avoid losses in respect of the investment. The Company will rely upon the accuracy and completeness of representations made by any such parties to the extent reasonable, but cannot guarantee such accuracy or completeness. Under certain circumstances, payments to the Company may be reclaimed if any such payment or distribution is later determined to have been a fraudulent conveyance or a preferential payment.
The portfolio investments in which the Company invests and Prudential’s portfolio companies will be subject to various laws for the protection of creditors in the jurisdictions of the portfolio companies concerned.
Differences in law may adversely affect the rights of the Company as a lender with respect to other creditors. Additionally, the Company, as a creditor, may experience less favorable treatment under different insolvency regimes than those that apply in the United States, including in cases where the Company seeks to enforce any security it may hold as a creditor.
Implementation of the Company’s strategy is dependent in part on market dislocation impacting the global credit markets.
Implementation of the Company’s investment strategy will depend, in part, on the extent to which the global credit markets continue to experience disruption, liquidity shortages and financial instability. Prolonged disruption may prevent the Company from advantageously realizing on or disposing of its investments. A further economic downturn could adversely affect the financial resources and credit quality of the underlying portfolio companies of any debt instruments in which the Company may invest and result in the inability of such borrowers to make principal and interest payments on, or refinance, outstanding debt when due. In the event of such defaults, the Company may suffer a partial or total loss of capital invested in such companies, which would, in turn, have an adverse effect on the Company’s returns. Any such defaults may have an adverse effect on the Company’s investments. Such marketplace events also may restrict the ability of the Company to sell or liquidate investments at favorable times or for favorable prices (although such marketplace events may not foreclose the Company’s ability to hold such investments until maturity). Further, the Company’s investment strategy may be impacted in part by changes in the conditions in the global financial markets generally and credit markets specifically. In the event of a further market deterioration, the value of the Company’s investments may not appreciate as projected or may suffer a loss. 41
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A covenant breach or other default by our portfolio companies may adversely affect the Company’s operating results.
A portfolio company’s failure to satisfy financial or operating covenants imposed by us or other lenders could lead to defaults and, potentially, termination of its loans and foreclosure on its secured assets, which could trigger cross-defaults under other agreements and jeopardize a portfolio company’s ability to meet its obligations under the debt or equity securities that we hold. The Company may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms, which may include the waiver of certain financial covenants, with a defaulting portfolio company. In addition, lenders in certain cases can be subject to lender liability claims for actions taken by them when they become too involved in the borrower’s business or exercise control over a borrower. It is possible that the Company could become subject to a lender’s liability claim, including as a result of actions taken if the Company renders significant managerial assistance to the borrower. Furthermore, if one of the Company’s portfolio companies were to file for bankruptcy protection, a bankruptcy court might re-characterize the Company’s debt holding and subordinate all or a portion of its claim to claims of other creditors, even though the Company may have structured its investment as senior secured debt. The likelihood of such a re-characterization would depend on the facts and circumstances, including the extent to which the Company provided managerial assistance to that portfolio company.
We may not realize gains from our equity investments.
The Company may hold warrants or other equity securities in connection with a loan workout, restructuring or reorganization. The Company’s goal is ultimately to realize gains upon its disposition of such equity interests. However, the equity interests the Company receives may not appreciate in value and, in fact, may decline in value. Accordingly, the Company may not be able to realize gains from its equity interests, and any gains that it does realize on the disposition of any equity interests may not be sufficient to offset any other losses the Company experiences. The Company also may be unable to realize any value if a portfolio company does not have a liquidity event, such as a sale of the business, recapitalization or public offering, which would allow the Company to sell the underlying equity interests. The Company intends to seek puts or similar rights to give the Company the right to sell its equity securities back to the portfolio company issuer. The Company may be unable to exercise these put rights for the consideration provided in the Company’s investment documents if the issuer is in financial distress.
The Company’s investments in securities or assets of publicly-traded companies are subject to the risks inherent in investing in public traded companies.
The Company may invest a portion of its portfolio in publicly-traded assets. For example, it is not expected that we will be able to negotiate additional financial covenants or other contractual rights, which we might otherwise be able to obtain in making privately negotiated investments. In addition, by investing in publicly-traded securities or assets, the Company will be subject to U.S. federal and state securities laws, as well as non-U.S. securities laws, that may, among other things, restrict or prohibit the Company’s ability to make or sell an investment. Moreover, the Company may not have the same access to information in connection with investments in public securities, either when investigating a potential investment or after making an investment, as compared to privately negotiated investments. Furthermore, the Company may be limited in its ability to make investments and to sell existing investments in public securities because the Company may be deemed to have material, non-public information regarding the issuers of those securities or as a result of other internal policies. The inability to sell public securities in these circumstances could materially adversely affect the Company’s investment results. In addition, an investment may be sold by the Company to a public company where the consideration received is a combination of cash and stock of the public company, which may, depending on the securities laws of the relevant jurisdiction, be subject to lock-up periods.
A lack of liquidity in certain of the Company’s investments may adversely affect the Company’s business.
The Company intends to invest in certain companies whose securities are not publicly-traded or actively traded on the secondary market, and whose securities are subject to legal and other restrictions on resale or will otherwise be less liquid than publicly-traded securities. The illiquidity of certain of our investments may make it difficult for the Company to sell these investments when desired. In addition, if we are required to liquidate all or a portion of our portfolio quickly, we may realize significantly less than the value at which we had previously recorded these investments. The reduced liquidity of our investments may make it difficult for us to dispose of them at a favorable price, and, as a result, we may suffer losses. Moreover, investments purchased by us that are liquid at the time of purchase may subsequently become illiquid due to events relating to the issuer, market events, economic conditions or investor perceptions. 42
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The Company’s investments may include original issue discount and payment-in-kind instruments.
To the extent that we invest in original issue discount or payment-in-kind (“PIK”) instruments and the accretion of original issue discount or PIK interest income constitutes a portion of our income, we will be exposed to risks associated with the requirement to include such non-cash income in taxable and accounting income prior to receipt of cash, including the following:
| ● | the higher interest rates on PIK instruments reflect the payment deferral and increased credit risk associated with these instruments, and PIK instruments generally represent a significantly higher credit risk than coupon loans; |
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| ● | original issue discount and PIK instruments may have unreliable valuations because the accruals require judgments about collectability of the deferred payments and the value of any associated collateral; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | an election to defer PIK interest payments by adding them to the principal on such instruments increases our future investment income which increases our net assets and, as such, increases the Manager’s future base management fees which, thus, increases the Manager’s future income incentive fees at a compounding rate; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | market prices of PIK instruments and other zero coupon instruments are affected to a greater extent by interest rate changes, and may be more volatile than instruments that pay interest periodically in cash. While PIK instruments are usually less volatile than zero coupon debt instruments, PIK instruments are generally more volatile than cash pay securities; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | the deferral of PIK interest on an instrument increases the loan-to-value ratio, which is a measure of the riskiness of a loan, with respect to such instrument; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | even if the conditions for income accrual under GAAP are satisfied, a borrower could still default when actual payment is due upon the maturity of such loan; |
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| ● | the required recognition of original issue discount or PIK interest for U.S. federal income tax purposes may have a negative impact on liquidity, as it represents a non-cash component of our investment company taxable income that may require cash distributions to shareholders in order to maintain our ability to be subject to tax as a RIC; and |
| --- | --- |
| ● | original issue discount may create a risk of non-refundable cash payments to the Company based on non-cash accruals that may never be realized. |
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The prices of the debt instruments and other securities in which we invest may decline substantially.
For reasons not necessarily attributable to any of the risks set forth herein (for example, supply/demand imbalances or other market forces), the prices of the debt instruments and other securities may decline substantially. In particular, purchasing debt instruments or other assets at what may appear to be “undervalued” or “discounted” levels is no guarantee that these assets will not be trading at even lower levels at a time of valuation or at the time of sale, if applicable. It may not be possible to predict, or to hedge against, such “spread widening” risk. Additionally, the perceived discount in pricing from previous environments described herein may still not reflect the true value of the assets underlying debt instruments in which the Company invests.
We may use a wide range of investment techniques that could expose us to a diverse range of risks.
The Subadviser may employ investment techniques or invest in instruments that it believes will help achieve our investment objectives, whether or not such investment techniques or instruments are specifically described herein, so long as such investments are consistent with our investment strategies and objectives and subject to applicable law. Such investment techniques or instruments may not be thoroughly tested in the market before being employed and may have operational or theoretical shortcomings which could result in unsuccessful investments and, ultimately, losses to us. In addition, any such investment technique or instrument may be more speculative than other investment techniques or instruments specifically described herein and may involve material and unanticipated risks. There can be no assurance that the Subadviser will be successful in implementing any such investment technique. Furthermore, the diversification and type of investments may differ substantially from our prior investments. 43
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We may acquire various financial instruments for purposes of “hedging” or reducing our risks, which may be costly and ineffective and could reduce our cash available for distribution to our shareholders.
The Company expects to hedge most of the risk of foreign currency fluctuations on the non-U.S. cash receipts that would flow from its non-U.S. investments, including by funding such investments with borrowings denominated in the relevant foreign currency or through other hedging techniques (including the use of foreign exchange forward contracts or swaps), subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act. There is uncertainty regarding the timing and amounts of those future cash flows, and the Company’s strategies for hedging transactions are subject to inherent imperfections. As such, the full risk of currency fluctuations will not be eliminated and the Company may be exposed to additional risk of loss. There can be no guarantee that instruments suitable for hedging in market shifts will be available at the time when the Company wishes to use them. Certain of the Company’s hedging transactions may be undertaken through brokers, banks or other organizations, and the Company will be subject to risk of default or insolvency of such counterparties. In such event, there can be no assurance that any money advanced to or obligations from these counterparties would be repaid or that the Company would have any recourse in the event of default. Further, hedging transactions may reduce cash available to pay distributions to our shareholders.
Prepayments of our debt investments by our portfolio companies could adversely impact our results of operations and reduce our return on equity.
The Company is subject to the risk that the investments it makes may be repaid prior to maturity. When this occurs, the Company will generally reinvest these proceeds in temporary investments, pending their future investment in new portfolio companies. These temporary investments will typically have substantially lower yields than the debt being prepaid, and the Company could experience significant delays in reinvesting these amounts. Any future investment in a new portfolio company may also be at lower yields than the debt that was repaid. As a result, the Company’s results of operations could be materially adversely affected if one or more of its portfolio companies elect to prepay amounts owed to the Company. Additionally, prepayments, net of prepayment fees, could negatively impact the Company’s return on equity. This risk will be more acute when interest rates decrease, as the Company may be unable to reinvest at rates as favorable as when the Company made its initial investment.
Technological innovations and industry disruptions may negatively impact us.
Current trends in the market generally have been toward disrupting a traditional approach to an industry with technological innovation, and multiple young companies have been successful where this trend toward disruption in markets and market practices has been critical to their success. In this period of rapid technological and commercial innovation, new businesses and approaches may be created that will compete with the Company and/or its investments or alter the market practices the Company’s strategy has been designed to function within and depend on for investment returns. Any of these new approaches could damage the Company’s investments, significantly disrupt the market in which it operates and subject it to increased competition, which could materially and adversely affect its business, financial condition and results of investments.
We may invest through various joint ventures.
The Company may acquire interests in certain portfolio companies in cooperation with others through clubs, syndications, joint ventures, or other structures. The Company’s ability to exercise control or significant influence over management in these cooperative efforts will depend upon the nature of the club, syndication or joint venture arrangement.
Syndication of Co-Investments.
From time to time, the Company may make an investment with the expectation of offering a portion of its interests therein as a co-investment opportunity to third-party investors. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in syndicating any such co-investment, in whole or in part, that the closing of such co-investment will be consummated in a timely manner, that any syndication will take place on terms and conditions that will be preferable for the Company or that expenses incurred by the Company with respect to any such syndication will not be substantial. In the event that the Company is not successful in syndicating any such co-investment, in whole or in part, the Company may consequently hold a greater concentration and have more exposure in the related investment than initially was intended, which could make the Company more susceptible to fluctuations in value resulting from adverse economic and/or business conditions with respect thereto. Moreover, an investment by the Company that is not syndicated to co-investors as originally anticipated could significantly reduce the Company’s overall investment returns. 44
Table of Contents Risks Related to the Manager and Its Affiliates; Conflicts of Interest
The Manager, the Subadviser and their affiliates, including our officers and some of our Trustees, face conflicts of interest caused by compensation arrangements with us and our affiliates, which could result in actions that are not in the best interests of our shareholders.
The Manager, the Subadviser and their affiliates receive substantial fees from us in return for their services, and these fees could influence the advice provided to us. We pay to the Manager an incentive fee that is based on the performance of our portfolio and an annual base management fee. The base management fee is payable monthly in arrears at an annual rate of 1.25% of the value of the Company’s net assets as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the applicable month. For the first calendar month, net assets will be measured as the date that the Company first publicly sells shares to a person or entity other than the Manager or its affiliates. The Manager will pay a portion of the management fees and incentive fees it receives from the Company to the Subadviser. No advisory fees will be paid by the Company directly to the Subadviser. Because the incentive fee is based on the performance of our portfolio, the Manager or the Subadviser may be incentivized to make investments on our behalf that are riskier or more speculative than would be the case in the absence of such compensation arrangement. The way in which the incentive fee is determined may also encourage the Manager or Subadviser to use leverage to increase the return on our investments. Our compensation arrangements could therefore result in our making riskier or more speculative investments than would otherwise be the case. This could result in higher investment losses, particularly during cyclical economic downturns.
We may be obligated to pay the Manager incentive compensation even if we incur a net loss due to a decline in the value of our portfolio.
Our Management Agreement entitles the Manager to receive Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns regardless of any capital losses. In such case, we may be required to pay the Manager incentive compensation for a fiscal quarter even if there is a decline in the value of our portfolio or if we incur a net loss for that quarter.
In addition, any Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns may be computed and paid on income that may include interest that has been accrued but not yet received. If a portfolio company defaults on a loan that is structured to provide accrued interest, it is possible that accrued interest previously included in the calculation of the incentive fee will become uncollectible. The Manager is not under any obligation to reimburse us for any part of the incentive fee it received that was based on accrued income that we never received as a result of a default by an entity on the obligation that resulted in the accrual of such income, and such circumstances would result in our paying an incentive fee on income we never received.
There may be conflicts of interest related to obligations that the Manager’s or Subadviser’s senior management and investment team have to other clients.
The members of the senior management and/or investment team of the Manager and Subadviser serve or may serve as officers, directors or principals of entities that operate in the same or a related line of business as we do, or of investment funds managed by the same personnel. In serving in these multiple capacities, they may have obligations to other clients or investors in those entities, the fulfillment of which may not be in our best interests or in the best interest of our shareholders. Our investment objective may overlap with the investment objectives of such investment funds, accounts or other investment vehicles. In particular, we will rely on the Subadviser to manage our day-to-day activities and to implement our investment strategy. The Manager, the Subadviser and certain of their affiliates are presently, and plan in the future to continue to be, involved with activities that are unrelated to us. As a result of these activities, the Manager, the Subadviser, and their officers and employees and certain of their affiliates will have conflicts of interest in allocating their time between us and other activities in which they are or may become involved, including the management of its affiliated funds and accounts. The Manager, the Subadviser and their officers and employees will devote only as much of its or their time to our business as the Manager, the Subadviser and their officers and employees, in their judgment, determine is reasonably required, which may be substantially less than their full time.
We rely, in part, on the Subadviser to assist with identifying investment opportunities and making investment recommendations to the Manager. The Manager, the Subadviser and their affiliates are not restricted from forming additional investment funds, entering into other investment advisory relationships or engaging in other business activities. These activities could be viewed as creating a conflict of interest in that the time and effort of the members of the Manager, the Subadviser, their affiliates and their officers and employees will not be devoted exclusively to our business, but will be allocated between us and such other business activities of the Manager, the Subadviser and their affiliates in a manner that the Manager and the Subadviser deem necessary and appropriate. 45
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The time and resources that individuals employed by the Manager and Subadviser devote to us may be diverted and we may face additional competition due to the fact that individuals employed by the Manager and Subadviser are not prohibited from raising money for or managing other entities that make the same types of investments that we target.
The Manager, the Subadviser and individuals employed by the Manager and Subadviser are generally not prohibited from raising capital for and managing other investment entities that make the same types of investments as those we target. As a result, the time and resources that these individuals may devote to us may be diverted. In addition, we may compete with any such investment entity for the same investors and investment opportunities. The Company, the Manager and the Subadviser have received exemptive relief from the SEC that allows the Company to participate in certain negotiated co-transactions originated by the Manager, the Subadviser or their affiliates, subject to certain terms and conditions. However, while the terms of such exemptive relief require that the Subadviser be given the opportunity to cause the Company to participate in certain transactions originated by the Subadviser and its affiliates, the Subadviser may determine that we not participate in those transactions and for certain other transactions (as set forth in guidelines approved by the Board) the Subadviser may not have the opportunity to cause us to participate. Affiliates of the Manager and Subadviser, whose primary business includes the origination of investments or investing in non-originated assets, engage in investment advisory business with accounts that compete with us.
Our shares may be purchased by the Manager, the Subadviser or their affiliates.
The Manager, the Subadviser and their affiliates expect to purchase our shares. The Manager, the Subadviser and their affiliates will not acquire any shares with the intention to resell or re-distribute such shares. The purchase of shares by the Manager, the Subadviser and their affiliates could create certain risks, including, but not limited to, the following:
| ● | the Manager, the Subadviser and their affiliates may have an interest in disposing of our assets at an earlier date so as to recover their investment in our shares; and |
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| ● | substantial purchases of shares by the Manager, the Subadviser and their affiliates may limit the Manager’s or Subadviser’s ability to fulfill any financial obligations that they may have to us or incurred on our behalf. |
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The Manager and the Subadviser rely on key personnel, the loss of any of whom could impair their ability to successfully manage us.
Our future success depends, to a significant extent, on the continued services of the officers and employees of the Manager, the Subadviser and their affiliates. The loss of services of one or more members of the Manager’s or Subadviser’s management team, including members of the Investment Committee, could adversely affect our financial condition, business and results of operations. The Manager and the Subadviser do not have an employment agreement with any of these key personnel and we cannot guarantee that all, or any particular one, will remain affiliated with us and/or the Manager or Subadviser. Further, we do not intend to separately maintain key person life insurance on any of these individuals.
The compensation we pay to the Manager will be determined without independent assessment on our behalf, and these terms may be less advantageous to us than if such terms had been the subject of arm’s-length negotiations.
The Management Agreement will not be entered into on an arm’s-length basis with an unaffiliated third party. As a result, the form and amount of compensation we pay the Manager may be less favorable to us than they might have been had an investment advisory agreement been entered into through arm’s-length transactions with an unaffiliated third party.
The Intermediary Manager’s influence on this offer gives it the ability to increase the fees payable to the Manager.
The Manager is paid a base management fee calculated as a percentage of our net assets, and such management fee is unrelated to net income or any other performance base or measure. The Intermediary Manager, an affiliate of the Manager, will be incentivized to raise more proceeds in this offering to increase our net assets, even if it would be difficult for us to efficiently deploy additional capital, which in turn would increase the base management fee payable to the Manager. 46
Table of Contents Risks Related to Business Development Companies
The requirement that we invest a sufficient portion of our assets in Qualifying Assets could preclude us from investing in accordance with our current business strategy; conversely, the failure to invest a sufficient portion of our assets in Qualifying Assets could result in our failure to maintain our status as a BDC.
Under the 1940 Act, a BDC may not acquire any asset other than Qualifying Assets unless, at the time of and after giving effect to such acquisition, at least 70% of our total assets are Qualifying Assets. Therefore, we may be precluded from investing in what we believe are attractive investments if such investments are not Qualifying Assets. Conversely, if we fail to invest a sufficient portion of our assets in Qualifying Assets, we could lose our status as a BDC, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Similarly, these rules could prevent us from making additional investments in existing portfolio companies, which could result in the dilution of our position, or could require us to dispose of investments at an inopportune time to comply with the 1940 Act. If we were forced to sell non-qualifying investments in the portfolio for compliance purposes, the proceeds from such sale could be significantly less than the current value of such investments.
Failure to maintain our status as a BDC would reduce our operating flexibility.
If we do not remain a BDC, we might be regulated as a registered closed-end investment company under the 1940 Act, which would subject us to substantially more regulatory restrictions under the 1940 Act and correspondingly decrease our operating flexibility.
Regulations governing our operation as a BDC and RIC will affect our ability to raise, and the way in which we raise, additional capital or borrow for investment purposes, which may have a negative effect on our growth.
As a result of the annual distribution requirement to qualify as a RIC, we may need to periodically access the capital markets to raise cash to fund new investments. We may issue “senior securities,” as defined under the 1940 Act, including borrowing money from banks or other financial institutions only in amounts such that our asset coverage meets the threshold set forth in the 1940 Act immediately after each such issuance. The 1940 Act currently requires an asset coverage of at least 150% (i.e., the amount of debt may not exceed two-thirds of the value of our assets). Our ability to issue different types of securities is also limited. Compliance with these requirements may unfavorably limit our investment opportunities and reduce our ability in comparison to other companies to profit from favorable spreads between the rates at which we can borrow and the rates at which we can lend. As a BDC, therefore, we intend to continuously issue equity at a rate more frequent than our privately- owned competitors, which may lead to greater shareholder dilution.
We expect to borrow for investment purposes. If the value of our assets declines, we may be unable to satisfy the asset coverage test, which would prohibit us from paying distributions and could prevent us from qualifying as a RIC. If we cannot satisfy the asset coverage test, we may be required to sell a portion of our investments and, depending on the nature of our debt financing, repay a portion of our indebtedness at a time when such sales may be disadvantageous.
Under the 1940 Act, we generally are prohibited from issuing or selling our shares at a price per share, after deducting selling commissions, that is below our NAV per share, which may be a disadvantage as compared with other public companies. We may, however, sell our shares, or warrants, options or rights to acquire our shares, at a price below the current NAV of our shares if the Board, including the Independent Trustees, determine that such sale is in our best interests and the best interests of our shareholders, and our shareholders, as well as those shareholders that are not affiliated with us, approve such sale. In any such case, the price at which our securities are to be issued and sold may not be less than a price that, in the determination of the Board, closely approximates the fair value of such securities. 47
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Our ability to enter into transactions with our affiliates is restricted.
We are prohibited under the 1940 Act from participating in certain transactions with certain of our affiliates without the prior approval of a majority of the independent members of the Board and, in some cases, the SEC. Any person that owns, directly or indirectly, 5% or more of our outstanding voting securities will be our affiliate for purposes of the 1940 Act and generally we will be prohibited from buying or selling any securities from or to such affiliate, absent the prior approval of the Board. However, we may under certain circumstances purchase any such affiliate’s loans or securities in the secondary market, which could create a conflict for the Manager between our interests and the interests of such affiliate, in that the ability of the Manager to recommend actions in our best interest may be limited. The 1940 Act also prohibits certain “joint” transactions with certain of our affiliates, which could include investments in the same portfolio company (whether at the same or closely related times), without prior approval of the Board and, in some cases, the SEC. If a person acquires more than 25% of our voting securities, we will be prohibited from buying or selling any security from or to such person or certain of that person’s affiliates, or entering into prohibited joint transactions (including certain co-investments) with such persons, absent the prior approval of the SEC. Similar restrictions limit our ability to transact business with our officers, Trustees, investment advisers, sub-advisers or their affiliates. As a result of these restrictions, we may be prohibited from buying or selling any security from or to any fund or any portfolio company of a fund managed by the Manager, or entering into joint arrangements such as certain co-investments with these companies or funds without the prior approval of the SEC, which may limit the scope of investment opportunities that would otherwise be available to us.
We have received exemptive relief from the SEC that allows us to engage in certain co-investment transactions with the Manager and its affiliates, subject to certain terms and conditions. However, while the terms of the exemptive relief require that the Manager will be given the opportunity to cause us to participate in certain transactions originated by affiliates of the Manager, the Manager may determine that we not participate in those transactions and for certain other transactions (as set forth in guidelines approved by the Board) the Manager may not have the opportunity to cause us to participate.
We are uncertain of our sources for funding our future capital needs; if we cannot obtain debt or equity financing on acceptable terms, our ability to acquire investments and to expand our operations will be adversely affected.
The net proceeds from the sale of shares will be used for our investment opportunities, operating expenses and for payment of various fees and expenses such as base management fees, incentive fees and other expenses. Any working capital reserves we maintain may not be sufficient for investment purposes, and we may require debt or equity financing to operate. Accordingly, in the event that we develop a need for additional capital in the future for investments or for any other reason, these sources of funding may not be available to us. Consequently, if we cannot obtain debt or equity financing on acceptable terms, our ability to acquire investments and to expand our operations will be adversely affected. As a result, we would be less able to create and maintain a broad portfolio of investments and achieve our investment objective, which may negatively impact our results of operations and reduce our ability to make distributions to our shareholders.
We are a non-diversified investment company within the meaning of the 1940 Act, and therefore we are not limited with respect to the proportion of our assets that may be invested in securities of a single issuer.
We are classified as a non-diversified investment company within the meaning of the 1940 Act, which means that we are not limited by the 1940 Act with respect to the proportion of our assets that we may invest in securities of a single issuer. Under the 1940 Act, a “diversified” investment company is required to invest at least 75% of the value of its total assets in cash and cash items, government securities, securities of other investment companies and other securities limited in respect of any one issuer to an amount not greater than 5% of the value of the total assets of such company and no more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer. As a non-diversified investment company, we are not subject to this requirement. To the extent that we assume large positions in the securities of a small number of issuers, or within a particular industry, our NAV may fluctuate to a greater extent than that of a diversified investment company as a result of changes in the financial condition or the market’s assessment of the issuer. We may also be more susceptible to any single economic or regulatory occurrence than a diversified investment company or to a general downturn in the economy. However, we will be subject to the diversification requirements applicable to RICs under Subchapter M of the Code. 48
Table of Contents Risks Related to the Company’s use of Leverage
When we use leverage, the potential for loss on amounts invested in us will be magnified and may increase the risk of investing in us. Leverage may also adversely affect the return on our assets, reduce cash available for distribution to our shareholders and result in losses.
The use of borrowings, also known as leverage, increases the volatility of investments by magnifying the potential for loss on invested equity capital. If the Company uses leverage to partially finance its investments, through borrowing from banks and other lenders, investors will experience increased risks of investing in the Company’s shares. Furthermore, the Company may add leverage to its portfolio through the issuance of preferred shares. Currently, the Company has no intention to issue preferred shares. The use of leverage involves increased risk, including increased variability of the Company’s net income, distributions and NAV in relation to market changes. If the value of our assets decreases, leveraging would cause NAV to decline more sharply than it otherwise would have had we not leveraged. Similarly, any decrease in our income would cause net income to decline more sharply than it would have had we not used leverage. Such a decline could negatively affect our ability to make distributions to our shareholders. In addition, our shareholders will bear the burden of any increase in our expenses as a result of our use of leverage, including interest expenses and any increase in the management or incentive fees payable to the Manager.
We expect to use leverage to finance our investments. The amount of leverage that we employ will depend on the Manager’s and the Board’s assessment of market and other factors at the time of any proposed borrowing. There can be no assurance that leveraged financing will be available to us on favorable terms or at all. However, to the extent that we use leverage to finance our assets, our financing costs will reduce cash available for distributions to shareholders. Moreover, we may not be able to meet our financing obligations and, to the extent that we cannot, we risk the loss of some or all of our assets to liquidation or sale to satisfy the obligations. In such an event, we may be forced to sell assets at significantly depressed prices due to market conditions or otherwise, which may result in losses.
As a BDC, we generally are required to meet a coverage ratio of total assets to total borrowings and other senior securities, which include all of our borrowings and any preferred shares that we may issue in the future, of at least 150%. If this ratio were to fall below 150%, we could not incur additional debt and could be required to sell a portion of our investments to repay some debt when it is disadvantageous to do so. This could have a material adverse effect on our operations and investment activities. Moreover, our ability to make distributions to shareholders may be significantly restricted or we may not be able to make any such distributions whatsoever. The amount of leverage that we will employ will be subject to oversight by the Board, a majority of whom are Independent Trustees with no material interests in such transactions.
Although leverage has the potential to enhance overall returns that exceed the Company’s cost of funds, they will further diminish returns (or increase losses on capital) to the extent overall returns are less than the Company’s cost of funds. In addition, the Company may enter into investment management techniques (including reverse repurchase agreements and other derivative transactions) that have similar effects as leverage, but which are not subject to the foregoing 150% limitation if effected in compliance with applicable SEC rules and guidance. Borrowings and reverse repurchases agreements or similar arrangements in which the Company may engage may be secured by the shareholders’ investments as well as by the Company’s assets and the documentation relating to such transactions may provide that during the continuance of a default under such arrangement, the interests of the holders of Common Shares may be subordinated to the interests of the Company’s lenders or debtholders.
Any credit facilities entered into by the Company and unsecured notes issued by the Company would impose financial and operating covenants that would restrict the Company’s business activities, including limitations that could hinder our ability to finance additional loans and investments or to make the distributions required to maintain our status as a regulated investment company. Once the Company enters into credit facilities or issues debt securities, a failure to renew our facilities or to add new or replacement debt facilities or issue additional debt securities or other evidences of indebtedness could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. 49
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We may default under our credit facilities.
In the event we default under a credit facility or other borrowings, our business could be adversely affected as we may be forced to sell a portion of our investments quickly and prematurely at what may be disadvantageous prices to us in order to meet our outstanding payment obligations and/or support working capital requirements under such borrowing facility, any of which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, following any such default, the agent for the lenders under such borrowing facility could assume control of the disposition of any or all of our assets, which constitute collateral, including the selection of such assets to be disposed and the timing of such disposition, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Provisions in a credit facility may limit our investment discretion.
A credit facility may be backed by all or a portion of our loans and securities on which the lenders will have a security interest. We may pledge up to 100% of our assets and may grant a security interest in all of our assets under the terms of any debt instrument we enter into with lenders. We expect that any security interests we grant will be set forth in a pledge and security agreement and evidenced by the filing of financing statements by the agent for the lenders. In addition, we expect that the custodian for our securities serving as collateral for such loan would include in its electronic systems notices indicating the existence of such security interests and, following notice of occurrence of an event of default, if any, and during its continuance, will only accept transfer instructions with respect to any such securities from the lender or its designee. If we were to default under the terms of any debt instrument, the agent for the applicable lenders would be able to assume control of the timing of disposition of any or all of our assets securing such debt, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In connection with one or more credit facilities entered into by the Company, distributions to shareholders may be subordinated to payments required in connection with any indebtedness contemplated thereby.
In addition, any security interests and/or negative covenants required by a credit facility may limit our ability to create liens on assets to secure additional debt and may make it difficult for us to restructure or refinance indebtedness at or prior to maturity or obtain additional debt or equity financing. In addition, if our borrowing base under a credit facility were to decrease, we may be required to secure additional assets in an amount sufficient to cure any borrowing base deficiency. In the event that all of our assets are secured at the time of such a borrowing base deficiency, we could be required to repay advances under a credit facility or make deposits to a collection account, either of which could have a material adverse impact on our ability to fund future investments and to make distributions.
In addition, we may be subject to limitations as to how borrowed funds may be used, which may include restrictions on geographic and industry concentrations, loan size, payment frequency and status, average life, collateral interests and investment ratings, as well as regulatory restrictions on leverage which may affect the amount of funding that may be obtained. There may also be certain requirements relating to portfolio performance, including required minimum portfolio yield and limitations on delinquencies and charge-offs, a violation of which could limit further advances and, in some cases, result in an event of default. An event of default under a credit facility could result in an accelerated maturity date for all amounts outstanding thereunder, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition. This could reduce our liquidity and cash flow and impair our ability to grow our business.
Compliance with Rule 18f-4 may limit our investment discretion with respect to derivatives.
Certain portfolio management techniques, such as firm commitments and reverse repurchase agreements, are considered derivatives. Derivatives are financial instruments whose value depends upon, or is derived from, the value of something else, such as one or more underlying investments, indices or currencies. The Company may use various derivative strategies to try to improve the Company’s returns by managing risks, such as by using hedging techniques to try to protect the Company’s assets. A derivative contract will obligate or entitle the Company to deliver or receive an asset or cash payment based on the change in value of one or more investments, indices or currencies. Derivatives may be traded on organized exchanges, or in individually negotiated transactions with other parties (these are known as “over-the-counter” derivatives). The Company may be limited in its use of derivatives by rules adopted by the SEC governing derivatives transactions, such as Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act, described below. Although the Company has the flexibility to make use of derivatives, it may choose not to for a variety of reasons, even under very volatile market conditions. 50
Table of Contents The Company relies on certain exemptions in Rule 18f-4 to enter into derivatives transactions and certain other transactions notwithstanding the restrictions on the issuance of “senior securities” under Sections 18 and 61 of the 1940 Act. Under Rule 18f-4, “derivatives transactions” include the following: (1) any swap, security-based swap, futures contract, forward contract, option (excluding purchased options), any combination of the foregoing, or any similar instrument, under which the Company is or may be required to make any payment or delivery of cash or other assets during the life of the instrument or at maturity or early termination, whether as margin or settlement payment or otherwise; (2) any short sale borrowing; and (3) if the Company relies on the exemption in Rule 18f-4(d)(1)(ii), reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions. The Company will rely on a separate exemption in Rule 18f- 4(e) when entering into unfunded commitment agreements, which includes any commitment to make a loan to a company, including term loans, delayed draw term loans, and revolvers, or to invest equity in a company. To rely on the unfunded commitment agreements exemption, the Company must reasonably believe, at the time it enters into such agreement, that it will have sufficient cash and cash the equivalents to meet its obligations with respect to all of its unfunded commitment agreements, in each case as they come due. The Company will rely on the exemption in Rule 18f-4(f) when purchasing when-issued or forward-settling securities (e.g., firm and standby commitments, including to-be-announced commitments, and dollar rolls) and non-standard settlement cycle securities, if certain conditions are met.
The Company intends to operate as a “limited derivatives user” for purposes of the derivatives transactions exemption in Rule 18f-4. To qualify as a limited derivatives user, the Company’s “derivatives exposure” is limited to 10% of its net assets subject to exclusions for certain currency or interest rate hedging transactions (as calculated in accordance with Rule 18f-4). Unless the Company qualifies as a “limited derivatives user” as defined in Rule 18f-4, the rule would, among other things, require the Company to establish a comprehensive derivatives risk management program, to comply with certain value-at-risk based leverage limits, to appoint a derivatives risk manager and to provide additional disclosure both publicly and to the SEC regarding its derivatives positions.
The Company intends to limit its engagement in derivative transactions such that it will qualify as a “limited derivatives user” for purposes of Rule 18f-4 such that the Company will be subject to substantially fewer substantive requirements under that rule than would be the case if it did not so qualify. However, there is no guarantee that the Company will meet or continue to meet such qualifications, and, as a result, there is a risk that the Company may become subject to more onerous requirements under Rule 18f-4 than currently intended.
Changes in interest rates may affect our cost of capital and net investment income.
Since we intend to use debt to finance a portion of our investments, our net investment income will depend, in part, upon the difference between the rate at which we borrow funds and the rate at which we invest those funds. As a result, we can offer no assurance that a significant change in market interest rates will not have a material adverse effect on our net investment income. In periods of rising interest rates when we have debt outstanding, our cost of funds will increase, which could reduce our net investment income. We expect that our long-term fixed-rate investments will be financed primarily with equity and long-term debt. We may use interest rate risk management techniques in an effort to limit our exposure to interest rate fluctuations. These techniques may include various interest rate hedging activities to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. These activities may limit our ability to participate in the benefits of lower interest rates with respect to the hedged portfolio. Adverse developments resulting from changes in interest rates or hedging transactions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
A rise in the general level of interest rates can be expected to lead to higher interest rates applicable to our debt investments. Accordingly, an increase in interest rates would make it easier for us to meet or exceed the incentive fee hurdle rate and may result in a substantial increase in the amount of incentive fees payable to the Manager with respect to pre-incentive fee net investment income.
Federal Income Tax Risks
We will be subject to corporate-level income tax if we are unable to qualify as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code or to satisfy RIC distribution requirements.
To obtain and maintain RIC tax treatment under Subchapter M of the Code, we must, among other things, meet annual distribution, income source and asset diversification requirements. If we do not qualify for or maintain RIC tax treatment for any reason and are subject to corporate income tax, the resulting corporate taxes could substantially reduce our net assets, the amount of income available for distribution and the amount of our distributions. 51
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We may have difficulty paying our required distributions if we recognize income before or without receiving cash representing such income.
For federal income tax purposes, we may be required to recognize taxable income in circumstances in which we do not receive a corresponding payment in cash. For example, if we hold debt obligations that are treated under applicable tax rules as having original issue discount (such as zero coupon securities, debt instruments with PIK interest or, in certain cases, increasing interest rates or debt instruments that were issued with warrants), we must include in income each year a portion of the original issue discount that accrues over the life of the obligation, regardless of whether cash representing such income is received by us in the same taxable year. We may also have to include in income other amounts that we have not yet received in cash, such as deferred loan origination fees that are paid after origination of the loan or are paid in non-cash compensation such as warrants or stock. We anticipate that a portion of our income may constitute original issue discount or other income required to be included in taxable income prior to receipt of cash. Further, we may elect to amortize market discount and include such amounts in our taxable income in the current year, instead of upon disposition, as an election not to do so would limit our ability to deduct interest expenses for tax purposes.
Because any original issue discount or other amounts accrued will be included in our investment company taxable income for the year of the accrual, we may be required to make a distribution to our shareholders in order to satisfy the annual distribution requirement, even though we will not have received any corresponding cash amount. As a result, we may have difficulty meeting the annual distribution requirement necessary to qualify for and maintain RIC tax treatment under Subchapter M of the Code. We may have to sell some of our investments at times and/or at prices we would not consider advantageous, raise additional debt or equity capital or forgo new investment opportunities for this purpose. If we are not able to obtain cash from other sources, we may not qualify for or maintain RIC tax treatment and thus we may become subject to corporate-level income tax.
We may be impacted by loan origination regulation.
The Company intends to engage in originating, lending and/or servicing loans, and may therefore be subject to state and federal regulation, borrower disclosure requirements, limits on fees and interest rates on some loans, state lender licensing requirements and other regulatory requirements in the conduct of its business as they pertain to such transactions. The Company may also be subject to consumer disclosures and substantive requirements on consumer loan terms and other federal regulatory requirements applicable to consumer lending that are administered by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau and other applicable regulatory authorities. These state and federal regulatory programs are designed to protect borrowers.
Some of our investments may be subject to corporate-level income tax.
We may invest in certain debt and equity investments through taxable subsidiaries and the taxable income of these taxable subsidiaries will be subject to federal and state corporate income taxes. We may invest in certain foreign debt and equity investments which could be subject to foreign taxes (such as income tax, withholding and value added taxes).
Our portfolio investments may present special tax issues.
The Company expects to invest in debt securities that are rated below investment grade by rating agencies or that would be rated below investment grade if they were rated. Investments in these types of instruments may present special tax issues for the Company. U.S. federal income tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Company may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or workout context are taxable. These and other issues will be addressed by the Company, to the extent necessary, to preserve its status as a RIC and to distribute sufficient income to not become subject to U.S. federal income tax.
Legislative or regulatory tax changes could adversely affect investors.
At any time, the federal income tax laws governing RICs or the administrative interpretations of those laws or regulations may be amended. Any of those new laws, regulations or interpretations may take effect retroactively and could adversely affect the taxation of us or our shareholders. Therefore, changes in tax laws, regulations or administrative interpretations or any amendments thereto could diminish the value of an investment in our shares or the value or the resale potential of our investments. 52
Table of Contents Risks Related to an Investment in the Shares
Investing in our shares involves a high degree of risk.
The investments we make in accordance with our investment objectives may result in a higher amount of risk than alternative investment options and may result in increased volatility or loss of principal. Our investments in portfolio companies may be highly speculative and aggressive and, therefore, an investment in our shares may not be suitable for someone with lower risk tolerance.
If we are unable to raise substantial funds, then we will be more limited in the number and type of investments we may make, our expenses may be higher relative to our total assets, and the value of shareholder’s investment in us may be reduced in the event our assets under-perform.
Amounts that we raise may not be sufficient for us to purchase a broad portfolio of investments. To the extent that less than the maximum number of Common Shares is subscribed for, the opportunity for us to purchase a broad portfolio of investments may be decreased and the returns achieved on those investments may be reduced as a result of allocating all of our expenses among a smaller capital base. If we are unable to raise substantial funds, we may not achieve certain economies of scale and our expenses may represent a larger proportion of our total assets.
We may have difficulty sourcing investment opportunities.
We cannot assure investors that we will be able to locate a sufficient number of suitable investment opportunities to allow us to deploy all investments successfully. In addition, privately-negotiated investments in loans and illiquid securities of private companies require substantial due diligence and structuring, and we cannot assure investors that we will achieve our anticipated investment pace. As a result, investors will be unable to evaluate any future portfolio company investments prior to purchasing our shares. Additionally, shareholders will have no input with respect to the Subadviser’s investment decisions. These factors increase the uncertainty, and thus the risk, of investing in our shares. To the extent we are unable to deploy all investments, our investment income and, in turn, our results of operations, will likely be materially adversely affected.
We may have difficulty paying distributions and the tax character of any distributions is uncertain.
We generally intend to distribute substantially all of our available earnings annually by paying distributions on a monthly basis, as determined by the Board in its discretion. We cannot assure investors that we will achieve investment results that will allow us to make a specified level of cash distributions (particularly during the early stages of our operations) or year-to-year increases in cash distributions. Our ability to pay distributions might be adversely affected by the impact of one or more of the risk factors described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Due to the asset coverage test applicable to us under the 1940 Act as a BDC, we may be limited in our ability to make distributions. In addition, if we enter into a credit facility or any other borrowing facility, for so long as such facility is outstanding, we anticipate that we may be required by its terms to use all payments of interest and principal that we receive from our current investments as well as any proceeds received from the sale of our current investments to repay amounts outstanding thereunder, which could adversely affect our ability to make distributions.
Furthermore, the tax treatment and characterization of our distributions may vary significantly from time to time due to the nature of our investments. The ultimate tax characterization of our distributions made during a taxable year may not finally be determined until after the end of that taxable year. We may make distributions during a taxable year that exceed our investment company taxable income and net capital gains for that taxable year. In such a situation, the amount by which our total distributions exceed investment company taxable income and net capital gains generally would be treated as a return of capital up to the amount of a shareholder’s tax basis in the shares, with any amounts exceeding such tax basis treated as a gain from the sale or exchange of such shares. A return of capital generally is a return of a shareholder’s investment rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from our investment activities. Moreover, we may pay all or a substantial portion of our distributions from borrowings or sources other than cash flow from operations in anticipation of future cash flow, which could constitute a return of shareholders’ capital and will lower such shareholders’ tax basis in our shares, which may result in increased tax liability to shareholders when they sell such shares. 53
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An investment in our shares will have limited liquidity.
Our shares constitute illiquid investments for which there is not, and will likely not be, a secondary market at any time prior to a public offering and listing of our shares on a national securities exchange. There can be no guarantee that we will conduct a public offering and list our shares on a national securities exchange. Investment in the Company is suitable only for sophisticated investors and requires the financial ability and willingness to accept the high risks and lack of liquidity inherent in an investment in the Company. Except in limited circumstances for legal or regulatory purposes, shareholders are not entitled to redeem their shares. Shareholders must be prepared to bear the economic risk of an investment in our shares for an extended period of time.
Special considerations for certain benefit plan investors.
We intend to conduct our affairs so that our assets should not be deemed to constitute “plan assets” under ERISA and certain U.S. Department of Labor regulations promulgated thereunder, as modified by Section 3(42) of ERISA (the “Plan Asset Regulations”) of any “benefit plan investor”. A “benefit plan investor” (“Benefit Plan Investor”) is generally defined to include (i) “employee benefit plans” within the meaning of Section 3(3) of ERISA that are subject to Title I of ERISA, (ii) “plans” within the meaning of Section 4975 of the Code that are subject to the prohibited transaction provisions of Section 4975 of the Code (including, without limitation, “Keogh” plans and Individual Retirement Accounts), and (iii) any entity whose underlying assets are considered to include “plan assets” (within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations) by reason of such an employee benefit plan’s or plan’s investment in such entity (e.g., an entity of which 25% or more of the total value of any class of equity interests in the entity is held by “Benefit Plan Investors” and which does not satisfy another exception under ERISA).
If, notwithstanding our intent, the assets of the Company were deemed to be “plan assets” of any shareholder that is a Benefit Plan Investor under the Plan Asset Regulations, this would result, among other things, in (i) the application of the prudence and other fiduciary responsibility standards of ERISA to investments made by the Company, (ii) the possibility that certain transactions in which the Company might seek to engage could constitute “prohibited transactions” under ERISA and the Code, and may have to be rescinded, (iii) our management, as well as various providers of fiduciary or other services to us (including the Manager and PGIM), and any other parties with authority or control with respect to us or our assets, may be considered fiduciaries or otherwise “parties in interest” (within the meaning of ERISA) or “disqualified persons” (within the meaning of Section 4975 of the Code) for purposes of the fiduciary responsibility and prohibited transaction provisions of Title I of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code, and (iv) the fiduciaries of shareholders that are Benefit Plan Investors would not be protected from co-fiduciary liability resulting from our decisions and could be in violation of certain ERISA requirements.
If a prohibited transaction occurs for which no exemption is available, the Manager, PGIM and/or any other fiduciary that has engaged in the prohibited transaction could be required to (i) restore to the Benefit Plan Investor any profit realized by the fiduciary on the transaction and (ii) reimburse the Benefit Plan Investor for any losses suffered thereby as a result of the investment. In addition, each disqualified person (within the meaning of Section 4975 of the Code) involved could be subject to an excise tax equal to 15% of the amount involved in the prohibited transaction for each year the transaction continues and, unless the transaction is corrected within statutorily required periods, to an additional tax of 100%. The fiduciary of a Benefit Plan Investor who decides to invest in the Company could, under certain circumstances, be liable for prohibited transactions or other violations as a result of their investment in the Company or as co-fiduciaries for actions taken by or on behalf of the Company, the Manager or PGIM. With respect to a Benefit Plan Investor that is an individual retirement account (an “IRA”) that invests in the Company, the occurrence of a prohibited transaction involving the individual who established the IRA, or his or her beneficiaries, would cause the IRA to lose its tax-exempt status.
Shareholder approval requirements for mergers or other reorganizations.
The Independent Trustees may undertake to approve mergers or other reorganizations between the Company and certain other funds or vehicles. Any such merger or other reorganization would be subject to shareholder approval requirements under the Declaration of Trust and, if required, the 1940 Act. These mergers or other reorganizations may involve funds managed by affiliates of Prudential. The Independent Trustees may also convert the form and/or jurisdiction of organization, including to take advantage of laws that are more favorable to maintaining board control in the face of dissident shareholders.
Shareholders may experience dilution.
All distributions declared in cash payable to shareholders that are participants in our distribution reinvestment plan will generally be automatically reinvested in our Common Shares. As a result, shareholders that do not participate in our distribution reinvestment plan may experience dilution over time. 54
Table of Contents Holders of our Common Shares will not have preemptive rights to any shares we issue in the future. Our charter allows us to issue an unlimited number of Common Shares. After shareholders purchase Common Shares in this offering, the Board may elect, without shareholder approval, to:
| 1) | sell additional shares in this or future public offerings; |
|---|---|
| 2) | issue Common Shares or interests in any of our subsidiaries in private offerings; |
| --- | --- |
| 3) | issue Common Shares upon the exercise of the options we may grant to our independent directors or future employees; or |
| --- | --- |
| 4) | subject to applicable law, issue Common Shares in payment of an outstanding obligation to pay fees for services rendered to us. |
| --- | --- |
To the extent we issue additional Common Shares after a shareholder’s purchase, the shareholder’s percentage ownership interest in us will be diluted. Because of these and other reasons, our shareholders may experience substantial dilution in their percentage ownership of our shares or their interests in the underlying assets held by our subsidiaries.
The NAV of our shares may fluctuate significantly.
The NAV and liquidity, if any, of the market for our shares may be significantly affected by numerous factors, some of which are beyond our control and may not be directly related to our operating performance. These factors include:
| ● | changes in regulatory policies or tax guidelines, particularly with respect to RICs or BDCs; |
|---|---|
| ● | loss of RIC or BDC status; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | changes in earnings or variations in operating results; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | changes in the value of our portfolio of investments; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | changes in accounting guidelines governing valuation of our investments; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | any shortfall in revenue or net income or any increase in losses from levels expected by investors; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | departure of either of our Manager or certain of its respective key personnel; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | general economic trends and other external factors; and |
| --- | --- |
| ● | loss of a major funding source. |
| --- | --- |
Provisions of our Declaration of Trust and bylaws could deter takeover attempts.
Pursuant to our Declaration of Trust and bylaws, as amended, the Board is divided into three classes of trustees. Each class consists, as nearly as possible, of one-third of the total number of Trustees, and each class has a three-year term. Our classified board could have the effect of making the replacement of incumbent Trustees more time consuming and difficult. Because our Trustees may be removed (i) by a majority of the remaining Trustees (or in the case of the removal of an Independent Trustee, a majority of the remaining Independent Trustees) but only for cause or (ii) upon a vote by the holders of more than fifty percent (50%) of our outstanding shares entitled to vote, with or without cause, at least two annual meetings of shareholders, instead of one, will generally be required to effect a change in a majority of the Board. Thus, our classified board could increase the likelihood that incumbent Trustees will retain their positions. The staggered terms of Trustees may delay, defer or prevent a tender offer by a third party or an attempt to change control of us or another transaction that might involve a premium price for our Common Shares that might be in the best interest of our shareholders. 55
Table of Contents Risks Related to Market Events and Regulatory Developments
The outbreak of the epidemics/pandemics could adversely affect the performance of our investments.
Certain countries have been susceptible to epidemics/pandemics, most recently COVID-19, which was designated as a pandemic by world health authorities. The outbreak of such epidemics/pandemics, together with any resulting restrictions on travel or quarantines imposed, has had and will continue to have a negative impact on the economy and business activity globally (including in the countries in which the Company invests), and thereby is expected to adversely affect the performance of the Company’s investments. Furthermore, the rapid development of epidemics/pandemics could preclude prediction as to their ultimate adverse impact on economic and market conditions, and, as a result, presents material uncertainty and risk with respect to the Company and the performance of its investments.
In particular, the global outbreak of COVID-19 has disrupted global travel and supply chains and adversely impacted global commercial activity and a number of industries, such as transportation, hospitality and entertainment. The rapid development and fluidity of a pandemic precludes any prediction as to the ultimate adverse impact of pandemic, which may have impact economic and market conditions, and may lead to significant declines in corporate earnings or loan performance, and the ability of corporate borrowers to service their debt, any of which could trigger a period of global economic slowdown, and have an adverse impact on the performance and financial results of the Company, and the value and the liquidity of the shares.
Terrorist attacks, acts of war, global health emergencies or natural disasters may adversely affect our operations.
Terrorist acts, acts of war, global health emergencies or natural disasters may disrupt our operations, as well as the operations of the businesses in which we invest. Such acts have created, and continue to create, economic and political uncertainties and have contributed to recent global economic instability. Future terrorist activities, military or security operations, global health emergencies or natural disasters could further weaken the domestic/global economies and create additional uncertainties, which may negatively impact the businesses in which we invest directly or indirectly and, in turn, could have a material adverse impact on our business, operating results and financial condition. Losses from terrorist attacks, global health emergencies and natural disasters are generally uninsurable.
The Russian invasion of Ukraine may have a material adverse impact on us and our portfolio companies.
Russia’s military invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, the resulting responses by the United States and other countries, and the potential for wider conflict could increase volatility and uncertainty in the financial markets and adversely affect regional and global economies. The United States and other countries have imposed broad-ranging economic sanctions on Russia and certain Russian individuals, banking entities and corporations as a response to its invasion of Ukraine. The United States and other countries have also imposed economic sanctions on Belarus and may impose sanctions on other countries that support Russia’s military invasion. These sanctions, as well as any other economic consequences related to the invasion, such as additional sanctions, boycotts or changes in consumer or purchaser preferences or cyberattacks on governments, companies or individuals, may further decrease the value and liquidity of certain investments. To the extent that the Company has exposure to investments in countries affected by the invasion, the Company’s the ability to price, buy, sell, receive or deliver such investments may be impaired. The extent and duration of Russia’s military actions and the repercussions of such actions (including any retaliatory actions or countermeasures that may be taken by those subject to sanctions) are impossible to predict, but could result in significant market disruptions, including in the oil and natural gas markets, and may negatively affect global supply chains, inflation and global growth. These and any related events could significantly impact the Company’s performance and the value of an investment in the Company, even beyond any direct exposure the Company may have to issuers in countries affected by the invasion. 56
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The October 7th attacks on Israel and subsequent conflicts may have a material adverse impact on us and our portfolio companies.
On October 7, 2023, Hamas (an organization which governs Gaza, and which has been designated as a terrorist organization by the United States, the United Kingdom, the European Union, Australia and other nations) committed a terrorist attack within Israel (the “October 7th Attacks”). As of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, Israel and Hamas remain in active armed conflict. The ongoing conflict and rapidly evolving measures in response could have a negative impact on the economy and business activity globally, and therefore could adversely affect the performance of the Company. The severity and duration of the conflict and its future impact on global economic and market conditions (including, for example, oil prices) are impossible to predict, and as a result, present material uncertainty and risk with respect to the Company and the performance and the value of an investment in the Company, and the ability of the Company to achieve its investment objective. For example, the armed conflict may expand and may ultimately more actively involve the United States, Lebanon (and/or Hezbollah), Syria, Iran and/or other countries or terrorist organizations, any of which may exacerbate the risks described above. Similar risks exist to the extent that any portfolio company, service providers, vendor or certain other parties have material operations or assets in the Middle East, or the immediate surrounding areas. The United States has announced sanctions and other measures against Hamas-related persons and organizations in response to the October 7th Attacks, and the United States (and/or other countries) may announce further sanctions related to the ongoing conflict in the future.
We may be impacted by general global economic conditions.
The success of our investment activities could be affected by general economic and market conditions in Europe and in the rest of the world, as well as by changes in applicable laws and regulations (including laws relating to taxation of our investments), trade barriers, currency exchange controls, rate of inflation, currency depreciation, asset re-investment, resource self-sufficiency and national and international political and socioeconomic circumstances in respect of the European and other non-U.S. countries in which we may invest. These factors will affect the level and volatility of securities prices and the liquidity of the Company’s investments, which could impair our profitability or result in losses. General fluctuations in the market prices of securities and interest rates may affect our investment opportunities and the value of our investments. We may maintain substantial portfolio positions that can be adversely affected by the level of volatility in the financial markets; the larger the positions, the greater the potential for loss. Declines in the performance of national economies or the credit markets in certain jurisdictions have had a negative impact on general economic and market conditions globally, and as a result, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The Manager’s financial condition may be adversely affected by a significant general economic downturn and it may be subject to legal, regulatory, reputational and other unforeseen risks that could have a material adverse effect on the Manager’s businesses and operations (including those of the Company), including but not limited to risks related to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. A recession, slowdown and/or sustained downturn in the global economy (or any particular segment thereof) could have a pronounced impact on the Company and could adversely affect the Company’s profitability, impede the ability of the Company’s portfolio companies to perform under or refinance their existing obligations and impair the Company’s ability to effectively deploy its capital or realize its investments on favorable terms.
In addition, economic and political problems in a single country, including wars, are increasingly affecting other markets and economies. A continuation of this trend could adversely affect global economic conditions and world markets and, in turn, could adversely affect the Company’s performance.
Any of the foregoing events could result in substantial or total losses to the Company in respect of certain investments, which losses will likely be exacerbated by the presence of leverage in a portfolio company’s capital structure. 57
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We may face a breach of our cyber security, which could result in adverse consequences to our operations and exposure of confidential information.
Cyber security incidents and cyber-attacks have been occurring globally at a more frequent and severe level and will likely continue to increase in frequency in the future. Prudential’s, PPC’s and their affiliates’ and the Company’s portfolio companies’ and service providers’ information and technology systems may be vulnerable to damage or interruption from cyber security breaches, computer viruses or other malicious code, network failures, computer and telecommunication failures, infiltration by unauthorized persons and other security breaches, or usage errors by their respective professionals or service providers. If unauthorized parties gain access to such information and technology systems, they may be able to steal, publish, delete or modify private and sensitive information, including non-public personal information related to shareholders (and their beneficial owners) and material non-public information. Although Prudential has implemented, and portfolio companies and service providers may implement, various measures to manage risks relating to these types of events, such systems could prove to be inadequate and, if compromised, could become inoperable for extended periods of time, cease to function properly or fail to adequately secure private information. Prudential, PPC and their affiliates do not control the cyber security plans and systems put in place by third-party service providers, and such third-party service providers may have limited indemnification obligations to Prudential, PPC and their affiliates, the Company, the shareholders and/or a portfolio company, each of which could be negatively impacted as a result. Breaches such as those involving covertly introduced malware, impersonation of authorized users and industrial or other espionage may not be identified even with sophisticated prevention and detection systems, potentially resulting in further harm and preventing them from being addressed appropriately. The failure of these systems and/or of disaster recovery plans for any reason could cause significant interruptions in Prudential’s, PPC’s and their affiliates’, the Company’s and/or a portfolio company’s operations and result in a failure to maintain the security, confidentiality or privacy of sensitive data, including personal information relating to shareholders (and their beneficial owners), material non-public information and the intellectual property and trade secrets and other sensitive information of Prudential, PPC and their affiliates and/or portfolio companies. Prudential, PPC, and their affiliates, the Company and/or a portfolio company could be required to make a significant investment to remedy the effects of any such failures, harm to their reputations, legal claims that they and their respective affiliates may be subjected to, regulatory action or enforcement arising out of applicable privacy and other laws, adverse publicity, and other events that may affect their business and financial performance.
Force Majeure events may adversely affect our operations.
The Company may be affected by force majeure events (e.g., acts of God, fire, flood, earthquakes, outbreaks of an infectious disease, pandemic or any other serious public health concern, war, terrorism, nationalization of industry and labor strikes). Force majeure events could adversely affect the ability of the Company or a counterparty to perform its obligations. The liability and cost arising out of a failure to perform obligations as a result of a force majeure event could be considerable and could be borne by the Company. Certain force majeure events, such as war or an outbreak of an infectious disease, could have a broader negative impact on the global or local economy, thereby affecting the Company. Additionally, a major governmental intervention into industry, including the nationalization of an industry or the assertion of control, could result in a loss to the Company if an investment is affected, and any compensation provided by the relevant government may not be adequate.
OFAC, FCPA and Anti-Bribery Considerations
Economic sanction laws in the United States and other jurisdictions may prohibit Prudential, PGIM, their affiliates and the Company from transacting with or in certain jurisdictions and with certain individuals and companies. In the United States, the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”) administers and enforces laws, Executive Orders and regulations establishing U.S. economic and trade sanctions. Such sanctions prohibit, among other things, transactions with, and the provision of services to, certain foreign countries, territories, entities and individuals. These entities and individuals include specially designated nationals, specially designated narcotics traffickers and other parties subject to OFAC sanctions and embargo programs. In addition, certain programs administered by OFAC prohibit dealing with individuals or entities in certain countries regardless of whether such individuals or entities appear on the lists maintained by OFAC. These types of sanctions may significantly restrict or completely prohibit the Company’s investment activities in certain countries.
In certain jurisdictions, there is generally a greater acceptance than in the United States of government involvement in commercial activities, and of corruption. Prudential, PGIM, their affiliates and the Company are committed to complying with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the UK Bribery Act and other anti-corruption laws and regulations, as well as anti-boycott regulations, to which they are subject. As a result, the Company may be adversely affected because of its unwillingness to participate in transactions that violate such laws or regulations. Such laws and regulations may make it difficult in certain circumstances for the Company to act successfully on investment opportunities and for portfolio companies to obtain or retain business. 58
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The current period of capital markets disruption and economic uncertainty may make it difficult to obtain indebtedness and any failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Current market conditions may make it difficult to obtain indebtedness and any failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business. The debt capital that will be available to us in the future, if at all, may be at a higher cost and on less favorable terms and conditions than what we currently expect to experience, including being at a higher cost in rising rate environments. If we are unable to raise debt, then our equity investors may not benefit from the potential for increased returns on equity resulting from leverage and we may be limited in our ability to make commitments for portfolio investments. An inability to obtain indebtedness could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
We may not be able to obtain all required state licenses or in any other jurisdiction where they may be required in the future.
We may be required to obtain various state licenses in order to, among other things, originate commercial loans, and may be required to obtain similar licenses from other authorities, including outside of the United States, in the future in connection with one or more investments. Applying for and obtaining required licenses can be costly and take several months. There is no assurance that we will obtain all of the licenses that we need on a timely basis. Furthermore, we will be subject to various information and other requirements in order to obtain and maintain these licenses, and there is no assurance that we will satisfy those requirements. Our failure to obtain or maintain licenses might restrict investment options and have other adverse consequences.
We are subject to risks related to corporate social responsibility.
Our business faces increasing public scrutiny related to ESG activities. Adverse incidents with respect to ESG activities could impact the value of our brand, the cost of our operations and relationships with investors, all of which could adversely affect our business and results of operations. Additionally, new regulatory initiatives related to ESG could adversely affect our business. While PPC’s investment teams are provided with information on ESG factors, and take ESG risks into account when making an investment decision, such ESG risks would not by themselves prevent PPC from making any investment. Instead, ESG factors form part of the overall risk management processes, and are one of many risks which may, depending on the specific investment opportunity, be relevant to a determination of risk. See “Part I. – Item 1. Business – Other Investments and Strategies—ESG Integration.”
Compliance with the SEC’s Regulation Best Interest may negatively impact our ability to raise capital in this offering, which would harm our ability to achieve our investment objectives.
Broker-dealers must comply with Regulation Best Interest, which, among other requirements, enhances the existing standard of conduct for broker- dealers and natural persons who are associated persons of a broker-dealer when recommending to a retail customer any securities transaction or investment strategy involving securities to a retail customer. The impact of Regulation Best Interest on broker-dealers participating in our offering cannot be determined at this time, but it may negatively impact whether broker-dealers and their associated persons recommend this offering to retail customers. Regulation Best Interest imposes a duty of care for broker-dealers to evaluate reasonable alternatives in the best interests of their clients. Reasonable alternatives to the Company, such as listed entities, exist and may have lower expenses, less complexity and/or lower investment risk than the Company. Certain investments in listed entities may involve lower or no commissions at the time of initial purchase. Under Regulation Best Interest, broker-dealers participating in the offering must consider such alternatives in the best interests of their clients. If Regulation Best Interest reduces our ability to raise capital in this offering, it would harm our ability to create a diversified portfolio of investments and achieve our investment objectives and would result in our fixed operating costs representing a larger percentage of our gross income.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Item 1C. Cybersecurity
Risk Management and Strategy
We rely on Prudential, of which both the Manager and Subadviser are subsidiaries, for assessing, identifying and managing material risks to our business from cybersecurity threats. Below are details Prudential has provided to us regarding its cybersecurity program that are relevant to us.
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Table of Contents Because of the size and scope of Prudential’s business, Prudential, the Manager, their affiliates and the Company are subject to numerous and evolving cybersecurity risks, any of which, if it materializes, could affect our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Market Events and Regulatory Developments—We may face a breach of our cyber security, which could result in adverse consequences to our operations and exposure of confidential information” for a discussion of such risks.
Cybersecurity risk management is integrated within Prudential’s risk management framework. Prudential conducts risk identification through several processes at the business unit, corporate, senior management, and board levels. This framework includes escalation points to Prudential’s risk committees, allowing cyber risk and control matters to be elevated to Prudential’s board of directors or its audit committee for oversight.
In order to respond to the threat of security breaches and cyber-attacks, Prudential has developed an information security program designed to protect and preserve the confidentiality, integrity, and continued availability of information owned by, or in the care of, Prudential, including information related to the Company’s operations and investments. This information security program provides for the coordination of various corporate functions and governance groups, including global technology, risk, legal, compliance and corporate audit, and serves as a framework for the execution of responsibilities across businesses and operational roles. Among other things, the information security program establishes security standards for Prudential’s, the Manager’s, their affiliates’ and the Company’s technological resources and includes training for employees, contractors and third parties. Employees of Prudential, as well as employees of the Manager and Subadviser, with access to Prudential’s or its affiliates’ systems are subject to comprehensive annual training on responsible information security, data security, and cybersecurity practices and how to protect data against cyber threats.
As part of the information security program, Prudential conducts periodic exercises with independent outside advisers to assess the effectiveness of its program and it internal response preparedness. Prudential regularly engages with the broader security community and monitors cyber threat information.
To address risks associated with third-parties, Prudential has established an enterprise-wide Third-Party Risk Management Program. This program’s features include, among other things, identifying, assessing and managing cybersecurity risks throughout the life of our third-party relationships.
Prudential also maintains an incident response plan, which specifies escalation and evaluation processes for cyber events. This plan is executed in close coordination with Prudential’s corporate functions, including a dedicated cyber and privacy law function, external affairs, and risk management, and is designed to ensure, among other things, appropriate and timely reporting and disclosure.
During the period covered by this Annual Report, we did not identify any cybersecurity threats that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Market Events and Regulatory Developments—We may face a breach of our cyber security, which could result in adverse consequences to our operations and exposure of confidential information” for a discussion of risks related to cybersecurity.
Governance
Prudential’s information security program is overseen by its Chief Information Security Officer (“CISO”) and Information Security Office, as well as the Chief Information Officer (“CIO”), Stacey Goodman. Each of Prudential, the Manager, their affiliates and the Company believes that Prudential’s employees and the employees of the Manager, Subadviser and their affiliates who provide services to the Company, respectively, responsible for managing cybersecurity risk have the skills and knowledge to assess and manage material risks from cybersecurity threats, and their qualifications include degrees and certifications typical for cybersecurity professionals. Prudential expects these employees to, among other things, understand computer systems, networks, and security technologies and be proficient in a variety of security tools and techniques, including intrusion detection, malware analysis and penetration testing. Prudential’s CISO has served in various roles in information technology and information security for over 25 years, including serving as the head of information technology risk at two large public companies. Prudential’s CISO holds a graduate degree in technology management and has attained the professional certifications of Certified Information Systems Security Professional and Certified Information Privacy Professional. Ms. Goodman, our CIO, was elected Executive Vice President and Chief Information Officer of Prudential Financial and Prudential Insurance Company of America in July 2019. Previously, she served as the Chief Information Officer at Freddie Mac, where she was responsible for the technology division, and served as a member of the Senior Operating Committee. Prior to Freddie Mac, Ms. Goodman was Executive Vice President and Chief Information and Operations Officer for CIT Group, Inc., where she was a member of the Executive Management Committee. Previously, Ms. Goodman was the Divisional Chief Information Officer of Global Technology and Operations at Bank of America. She also held global leadership positions at UBS and PaineWebber. Ms. Goodman began her career at Salomon Brothers. 60
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The Board is responsible for understanding the primary risks to our business. The Board is responsible for reviewing periodically our and the Manager’s and the Subadviser’s information technology security controls and related compliance matters, with the Company’s management. The Board receives periodic updates from Prudential’s CISO, CIO and/or Operational Risk Management, or their designees, throughout the year. At least annually, the Board, or a committee thereof, also receives updates on cybersecurity matters, including risks facing the Company, the Manager and the Subadviser and, as applicable, certain incidents. In addition to such periodic updates, the Board or a committee thereof may receive updates from management as to our and the Manager’s cybersecurity risks and Prudential cybersecurity program developments.
Item 2. Properties.
We do not own any real estate or other physical properties materially important to our operation. Our corporate headquarters are located at 655 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey, 07102 and are provided by the Manager in accordance with the terms of our Management Agreement. We believe that our office facilities are suitable and adequate for our business as it is contemplated to be conducted.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
We are not currently subject to any material legal proceedings, nor, to our knowledge, are any material legal proceeding threatened against us. From time to time, we may be a party to certain legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business, including proceedings relating to the enforcement of our rights under contracts with our portfolio companies. Our business is also subject to extensive regulation, which may result in regulatory proceedings against us.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Share Issuances
The offering consists of three classes of Common Shares: Class I Shares, Class S Shares and Class D Shares. The share classes have different ongoing shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees. Other than the differences in ongoing shareholder servicing fees, each class of Common Shares has the same economics and voting rights. Our Common Shares are not listed for trading on a stock exchange or other securities market and there is no established public trading market for our Common Shares. 61
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Net Asset Value
We expect to determine our NAV for each class of shares each month as of the last business day of each calendar month. The NAV per share for each class of shares is determined by dividing the value of total assets attributable to the class minus liabilities attributable to the class by the total number of Common Shares outstanding of the class at the date as of which the determination is made. The following table presents our monthly NAV per share for each of the classes of shares since our inception through December 31, 2023.
| | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | NAV Per Share | |||||||
| For the Months Ended | | Class I | **** | Class S* | **** | Class D* | |||
| December 2022 | | $ | 25.09 | | $ | — | $ | — | |
| January 2023 | | 25.31 | | — | | — | |||
| February 2023 | | 25.46 | | — | | — | |||
| March 2023 | | 25.61 | | — | | — | |||
| April 2023 | | 25.75 | | — | | — | |||
| May 2023 | | 25.98 | | — | | — | |||
| June 2023 | | 26.20 | | — | | — | |||
| July 2023 | | 26.43 | | 26.42 | | 26.43 | |||
| August 2023 | | 26.68 | | 26.65 | | 26.68 | |||
| September 2023 | | 26.92 | | 26.87 | | 26.91 | |||
| October 2023 | | 27.17 | | 27.10 | | 27.16 | |||
| November 2023 | | 27.18 | | 27.32 | | 27.39 | |||
| December 2023 | | 24.68 | | 25.13 | | 25.13 | |||
| * | Class S and Class D Shares commenced operations on July 3, 2023. | ||||||||
| --- | --- |
Distributions
The Board authorizes and declares a monthly distribution amount per Common Share, payable monthly in arrears. The following tables summarize our distributions declared and payable for the year ended December 31, 2023 (dollars in thousands except per share amounts) by share class:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | | | Class I | |||||
| | | | | | | | | | Aggregate Distribution | ||
| Declaration Date | **** | Record Date | Payment Date | Distribution Per Share | Amount | ||||||
| November 27, 2023 | | November 30, 2023 | | December 20, 2023 | | $ | 0.22500 | | $ | 964 | |
| December 22, 2023 | | December 29, 2023 | | January 20, 2024 | | $ | 0.22500 | | $ | 973 | |
| December 22, 2023 | | December 29, 2023 | | January 20, 2024 | | $ | 2.57225 | | $ | 11,118 | ^(1)^ |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | | | Class S | |||||
| | | | | | | | | | Aggregate Distribution | ||
| Declaration Date | **** | Record Date | Payment Date | Distribution Per Share | Amount | ||||||
| December 22, 2023 | December 29, 2023 | January 20, 2024 | $ | 0.20680 | $ | — | ^*^ | ||||
| December 22, 2023 | December 29, 2023 | January 20, 2024 | $ | 2.26391 | $ | 1 | ^(1)^ |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | | | Class D | |||||
| | | | | | | | | | Aggregate Distribution | ||
| Declaration Date | Record Date | Payment Date | Distribution Per Share | Amount | |||||||
| December 22, 2023 | December 29, 2023 | January 20, 2024 | $ | 0.22100 | $ | — | ^*^ | ||||
| December 22, 2023 | December 29, 2023 | January 20, 2024 | $ | 2.32949 | $ | 1 | ^(1)^ | ||||
| (1) | Represents a special distribution. | ||||||||||
| --- | --- | ||||||||||
| * | Less than $500 | ||||||||||
| --- | --- |
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Distribution and Servicing Plan
The following table shows the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees we pay the Intermediary Manager with respect to the Class I, Class S and Class D on an annualized basis as a percentage of our NAV for such class. The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees will be paid monthly in arrears, calculated using the NAV of the applicable class as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the month.
| | | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | Shareholder Servicing | **** |
| | | and/or Distribution Fee | **** |
| | | as a % of NAV | **** |
| Class I Shares | None | | |
| Class S Shares | 0.85 | % | |
| Class D Shares | 0.25 | % |
Subject to FINRA and other limitations on underwriting compensation, we will pay a shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee equal to 0.85% per annum of the aggregate NAV for the Class S Shares and a shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee equal to 0.25% per annum of the aggregate NAV for the Class D Shares, in each case, payable monthly.
The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees will be paid monthly in arrears. The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees are similar to sales commissions. The distribution and servicing expenses borne by the participating brokers may be different from and substantially less than the amount of shareholder servicing and/ or distribution fees charged. The Intermediary Manager will reallow (pay) all or a portion of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to participating brokers and servicing brokers for ongoing shareholder services performed by such brokers, and will waive shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to the extent a broker is not eligible to receive it for failure to provide such services. Because the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees with respect to Class S Shares and Class D Shares are calculated based on the aggregate NAV for all of the outstanding shares of each such class, it reduces the NAV with respect to all shares of each such class, including shares issued under our distribution reinvestment plan.
Eligibility to receive the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee is conditioned on a broker providing the following ongoing services with respect to the Class S or Class D Shares: assistance with recordkeeping, answering investor inquiries regarding us, including regarding distribution payments and reinvestments, helping investors understand their investments upon their request, and assistance with share repurchase requests. If the applicable broker is not eligible to receive the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee due to failure to provide these services, the Intermediary Manager will waive the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee that broker would have otherwise been eligible to receive. The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees are ongoing fees that are not paid at the time of purchase.
Distribution Reinvestment Plan
We have adopted a distribution reinvestment plan, pursuant to which we will reinvest all cash dividends declared by the Board on behalf of our shareholders who do not elect to receive their dividends in cash as provided below. As a result, if the Board authorizes, and we declare, a cash dividend or other distribution, then our shareholders who have not opted out of our distribution reinvestment plan will have their cash distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares as described below, rather than receiving the cash dividend or other distribution. Distributions on fractional shares will be credited to each participating shareholder’s account to three decimal places. The following table reflects the share issued pursuant to the dividend reinvestment plan for the year ended December 31, 2023:
| | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Class I | ||||
| Declaration Date | | Record Date | | Payment Date | | Shares Issued |
| November 27, 2023 | | November 30, 2023 | | December 20, 2023 | | 35,487 |
As of December 31, 2023, no Common Shares were issued pursuant to the distribution reinvestment plan for the Class S and Class D.
Holders
As of March 25, 2024 there were 3 holders of record of our Class I Shares, 1 holder of record of our Class S Shares, and 1 holder of record of our Class D Shares. 63
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Share Repurchase
Beginning in the first quarter of 2024, the Company expects to provide liquidity through a quarterly repurchase program pursuant to which it will offer to repurchase, in each quarter, up to 5% of its Common Shares outstanding (either by number of shares or aggregate NAV) as of the close of the previous calendar quarter. The Board may amend or suspend the share repurchase program if in its reasonable judgment it deems such action to be in our best interest and the best interest of our shareholders. As a result, share repurchases may not be available each quarter, such as when a repurchase offer would place an undue burden on our liquidity, adversely affect our operations or risk having an adverse impact on the Company that would outweigh the benefit of the repurchase offer. We intend to conduct such repurchase offers in accordance with the requirements of Rule 13e-4 promulgated under the Exchange Act and Section 23(c) of the 1940 Act. All shares purchased by us pursuant to the terms of each tender offer will be retired and thereafter will be authorized and unissued shares. Any repurchases of the Manager’s and affiliate shares will be on the same terms and subject to the same limitations as other shareholders.
Under our share repurchase program, to the extent we offer to repurchase shares in any particular quarter, we expect to repurchase shares pursuant to quarterly tender offers on or around the last business day of that quarter using a purchase price equal to the NAV per share as of the last calendar day of the applicable quarter, except that shares that have not been outstanding for at least one year will be subject to the Early Repurchase Deduction. The one-year holding period is measured as of the subscription closing date immediately following the prospective repurchase date. The Early Repurchase Deduction will be retained by the Company for the benefit of remaining shareholders.
During the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2023, no shares were repurchased because the Company has not commenced its share repurchase program. The Company expects to commence the repurchase program during the first quarter of 2024.
Item 6. Reserved.
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Table of Contents Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The information contained in this section should be read in conjunction with “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements.” This discussion contains forward-looking statements, which relate to future events, our future performance or financial condition and involves numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to those described in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, “Risk Factors.”
Overview and Investment Framework
We are a newly organized, externally managed, non-diversified closed-end management investment company with limited operating history that has elected to be regulated as a BDC under the 1940 Act effective May 5, 2023. Formed as a Delaware statutory trust on March 21, 2022, we are externally managed by the Manager. The Manager has delegated to the Subadviser responsibility for sourcing potential investments, conducting due diligence on prospective investments, analyzing investment opportunities, structuring investments and monitoring our portfolio on an ongoing basis. The Company commenced its operations on December 13, 2022. The Company also intends to elect to be treated, and qualify annually, as a RIC under the Code commencing with its initial taxable year ended December 31, 2023.
The Company’s investment objective is to seek to generate current income and, to a lesser extent, long-term capital appreciation. The Company seeks to meet its investment objective by investing primarily in privately placed floating rate leveraged (below investment grade) debt, including, but not limited to, senior secured, first lien, debt issuances in middle market companies primarily in the United States, as well as up to 30% of its total assets in investments in other countries (primarily Canada, Europe, Australia and Latin America) by utilizing the experience and expertise that PPC has in managing a portfolio of direct lending investments, since 2000. Emphasis will be placed on companies with value-added businesses in narrowly defined and defensive market sectors, and with the exception of collateral-backed transactions, companies capable of healthy free cash flow generation. PPC also looks for strong management teams with demonstrated track records and significant personal economic stakes in their companies’ success.
Utilizing this strategy, the Company intends to structure its investments seeking meaningful contractual debt repayment and risk reduction features, typically first- priority senior secured ranking in the capital structure, and maintenance covenant(s) and terms protections. The Company will have a limited basket for second lien loans focused on transactions with true collateral coverage, expected to be no more than 20% of total invested capital in senior secured second and third lien loans, and unsecured loans. To manage its liquidity needs, from time to time the Company also intends to invest a portion of its assets in liquid assets, including cash and cash equivalents, liquid fixed-income securities and other credit instruments.
Key Components of Our Results of Operations
Investments
Under normal circumstances, the Company intends to invest at least 80% of its total assets (net assets plus borrowings for investment purposes) in private credit investments. The Company considers private credit investment to include loans, bonds and other credit instruments that are issued in private offerings or issued by private companies. Under normal circumstances, it is expected that the Company will primarily be invested in privately originated and privately negotiated direct lending investments to U.S. middle market companies through (i) first lien senior secured loans (including club deals by a small group of investment firms), and (ii) with not more than 20% of total invested capital in senior secured second and third lien loans, and unsecured loans.
The Company primarily seeks investments in middle market companies predominantly located in the United States, as well as up to 30% of its total assets in investments in other countries (primarily Canada, Europe, Australia, and Latin America). 65
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Revenues
We generate revenue in the form of interest income on debt investments, capital gains, and dividend income from our equity investments in our portfolio companies. Our senior debt investments bear interest at a floating rate. Interest on debt securities is generally payable monthly, quarterly or semiannually. In some cases, some of our investments may provide for deferred interest payments or PIK interest. The principal amount of the debt securities and any accrued but unpaid PIK interest generally will become due at the maturity date. In addition, we may generate revenue in the form of commitment and other fees in connection with transactions. Original issue discounts and market discounts or premiums are capitalized, and we accrete or amortize such amounts as interest income. We will record prepayment premiums on loans and debt securities as interest income. Dividend income, if any, is recognized on an accrual basis to the extent that we expect to collect such amounts.
Expenses
Except as specifically provided below, all investment professionals and staff of the Manager and the Subadviser, when and to the extent engaged in providing investment advisory services and subadvisory services to the Company and the base compensation, bonus and benefits, of such personnel allocable to such services, will be provided and paid for by the Manager or Subadviser, as applicable.
In connection with its management of the corporate affairs of the Company, the Manager bears the following expenses, among others: (i) the salaries and expenses of all employees of the Company and the Manager, except the fees and expenses of Trustees who are not “affiliated persons” of the Manager or any subadviser within the meaning of the 1940 Act; (ii) all expenses incurred by the Manager in connection with managing the ordinary course of the Company’s business, other than those assumed by the Company in the Management Agreement; (iii) rent or depreciation, utilities, capital equipment or other administrative items of the Manager or its affiliates; and (iv) the fees, costs and expenses payable to a subadviser pursuant to a subadvisory agreement.
From time to time, the Manager or its affiliates may pay third-party providers of goods or services. We will reimburse the Manager or such affiliates thereof for any such amounts paid on our behalf. From time to time, the Manager may defer or waive fees and/or rights to be reimbursed for expenses. All of the foregoing expenses will ultimately be borne by our shareholders, subject to the expense cap noted below.
Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement
We have entered into an expense limitation and reimbursement agreement with the Manager (the “Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement”). For additional information see “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements — Notes to Financial Statements—Note 3. Management Agreement and Transactions with Affiliates.” 66
Table of Contents Portfolio and Investment Activity
For the year ended December 31, 2023, we acquired $106.4 million aggregate principal amount of investments (including $13.5 million of unfunded commitments), all of which was first lien debt.
For the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022, we acquired $10.5 million aggregate principal amount of investments (including $1.7 million of unfunded commitments), all of which was first lien debt.
Our portfolio and investment activity for the year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022 are presented below (information presented herein is at amortized cost unless otherwise indicated) (dollar amounts in thousands):
| | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | | For the period from December 13, 2022 | |
| | | For the year ended | | (commencement of operations) through | ||
| | **** | December 31, 2023 | **** | December 31, 2022 | ||
| Investments: | | | | | | |
| Total Investments, beginning of period | $ | 8,486 | $ | — | ||
| Purchase of investments | | | 98,912 | | | 8,484 |
| Proceeds from principal repayment of investments | | | (7,331) | | | — |
| Amortization or accretion of discount on investments | | | 519 | | | 2 |
| Net realized gain (loss) on investments | | | 2 | | | — |
| Total investments, end of period | $ | 100,588 | $ | 8,486 | ||
| | | | | | | |
| Number of Portfolio Companies | | | 33 | | | 3 |
The weighted average yields of our investments as of December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022 were as follows:
| | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | | **** | For the period | **** |
| | | | | from December 13, 2022 | |
| | | For the year ended | | (commencement of operations) through | |
| | | December 31, 2023 | | December 31, 2022 | |
| Weighted average yield on debt and income producing investments, at cost ^(1)^ | 12.85 | % | 11.94 | % | |
| Weighted average yield on debt and income producing investments, at fair value ^(1) (2)^ | 12.80 | % | 11.94 | % | |
| Percentage of debt investments bearing a floating rate ^(2)^ | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | |
| Percentage of debt investments bearing a fixed rate ^(2)^ | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | |
| (1) | Computed as (a) effective interest rates as of each respective date plus the annual accretion of discounts or less the annual amortization of premiums, as applicable, on accruing debt included in such securities, divided by (b) total debt investments (at fair value or cost, as applicable) included in such securities. Actual yields earned over the life of each investment could differ materially from the yields presented above. | ||||
| --- | --- | ||||
| (2) | Measured on a fair value basis and excludes investments on non-accrual status, if any. | ||||
| --- | --- |
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Table of Contents Our investments as of December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022 consisted of the following (dollar amounts in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | For the year ended December 31, 2023 | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | Percentage of | |
| | | | | | | | Total Investments | ||
| | **** | Cost | **** | Fair value | **** | at Fair Value | **** | ||
| First Lien Debt | $ | 100,588 | $ | 101,019 | 100.00 | % | |||
| Total | **** | $ | 100,588 | **** | $ | 101,019 | **** | 100.00 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Largest portfolio company investment | | $ | 6,991 | | $ | 7,032 | **** | 6.96 | % |
| Average portfolio company investment | | $ | 3,048 | | $ | 3,061 | **** | 3.03 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | For the period from December 13, 2022 | | ||||||
| | | (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022 | | ||||||
| | | | | | | | | Percentage of | |
| | | | | | | | | Total Investments | |
| | **** | Cost | Fair value | at Fair Value | **** | ||||
| First Lien Debt | $ | 8,486 | $ | 8,486 | 100.00 | % | |||
| Total | **** | $ | 8,486 | **** | $ | 8,486 | **** | 100.00 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Largest portfolio company investment | | $ | 5,445 | | $ | 5,445 | **** | 64.16 | % |
| Average portfolio company investment | | $ | 2,829 | | $ | 2,829 | **** | 33.33 | % |
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Table of Contents Results of Operations
Operating results for the years ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022 were as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):
| | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | | For the period from | |
| | | | | December 13, 2022 | ||
| | **** | For the Year Ended | **** | (commencement of operations) through | ||
| | | December 31, 2023 | | December 31, 2022 | ||
| Investment income | | | | | | |
| From non-affiliated investments: | | | | | | |
| Interest income | $ | 8,558 | $ | 45 | ||
| Dividend income | | | 1,299 | | | — |
| Fee income | | | 108 | | | — |
| Total investment income | | | 9,965 | | | 45 |
| | | | | | | |
| Expenses | | | | | | |
| Professional fees | | | 2,235 | | | 50 |
| Income based incentive fees | | | 608 | | | — |
| Management fees | | | 485 | | | — |
| Custodian and accounting fees | | | 200 | | | 22 |
| Trustees’ fees | | | 176 | | | — |
| Transfer agent’s fees and expenses (including affiliated expense of $2) | | | 161 | | | — |
| Interest expense | | | 140 | | | — |
| Pricing fees | | | 105 | | | — |
| Servicing and distribution fees | | | — | ^(*)^ | | — |
| Shareholders’ reports | | | 105 | | | — |
| Other general & administrative | | | 146 | | | 20 |
| Total expenses | | | 4,361 | | | 92 |
| Expense reimbursement | | | (2,708) | | | (89) |
| Incentive fees waived | | | (608) | | | — |
| Management fees waived | | | (485) | | | — |
| Net expenses | | | 560 | | | 3 |
| Net Investment Income (loss) | | | 9,405 | | | 42 |
| | | | | | | |
| Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss): | | | | | | |
| Net realized gain (loss): | | | ^^ | | | ^^ |
| Non-affiliated investments transactions | | | 2 | | | — |
| Forward foreign currency contracts transactions | | | 61 | | | — |
| Foreign currency transactions | | | (17) | | | — |
| Net realized gain (loss) | | | 46 | | | — |
| Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation): | | | | | | |
| Non-affiliated investments | | | 431 | | | — |
| Forward foreign currency contracts | | | (282) | | | — |
| Foreign currency | | | 2 | | | — |
| Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) | | | 151 | | | — |
| Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) | | | 197 | | | — |
| Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations | **** | $ | 9,602 | $ | 42 |
^(*)^Less than $500
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Investment Income
For the year ended December 31, 2023, investment income was $10.0 million, all of which was attributable to interest and fees on our debt investments, dividend income and fee income. The increase in investment income from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022 was primarily due to an increase of $106.4 million aggregate principal amount of new investments acquired during the year.
For the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022, investment income was $45 thousand, all of which was attributable to interest and fees on our debt investments.
Expenses
Total expenses before expense reimbursement and incentive and management fee waivers for the year ended December 31, 2023 were $4.4 million, consisting primarily of professional fees, income based incentive fees, management fees, custodian and accounting fees, trustees’ fees, transfer agent’s fees and expenses, interest expense, pricing fees, shareholder’s reports and other general and administrative fees. The increase in total expenses from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022 was primarily related to an increase in professional, management and incentive fees due to an increased cost of servicing a larger investment portfolio.
Total expenses before expense reimbursement for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022 were $92 thousand, consisting primarily of custodian and accounting fees, audit fees, and other general and administrative fees.
The expense reimbursement amount represents the amount of expenses waived by the Manager in accordance with the Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company accrued income based incentive fees of $608 thousand, all of which were subject to waiver by the Manager. For the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022, the Company did not accrue any incentive fees.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company accrued management fees of $485 thousand, all of which were subject to waiver by the Manager. For the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022, the Company did not accrue any management fees.
Income Taxes, Including Excise Taxes
The Company intends to elect to be treated as a RIC under the Code commencing with the taxable year ended December 31, 2023. To qualify for and maintain qualification as a RIC, the Company must, among other things, meet certain source-of-income and asset diversification requirements. In addition, to qualify for RIC tax treatment, the Company must distribute to its shareholders, for each taxable year, at least 90% of the sum of (i) its “investment company taxable income” for that year (without regard to the deduction for dividends paid), which is generally its ordinary income plus the excess, if any, of its realized net short-term capital gains over its realized net long- term capital losses and (ii) its net tax-exempt income. So long as the Company maintains its status as a RIC, it generally will not pay corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital gains that it distributes at least annually to its shareholders as dividends. Rather, any tax liability related to income earned and distributed by the Company would represent obligations of the Company’s shareholders and would not be reflected in the financial statements of the Company.
In addition, based on the excise tax distribution requirements, the Company is subject to a 4% nondeductible federal excise tax on undistributed income unless the Company distributes in a timely manner in each taxable year an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of its ordinary income for the calendar year, (2) 98.2% of capital gain net income (both long-term and short-term) for the one-year period ending October 31 in that calendar year and (3) any income realized, but not distributed, in prior years. For this purpose, however, any ordinary income or capital gain net income retained by the Company that is subject to corporate income tax is considered to have been distributed.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company did not incur any excise tax expense. 70
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Net realized gain (loss) and Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation)
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company reported realized losses from foreign currency transactions of $(17) thousand. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company reported realized gains from forward currency contracts of $61 thousand. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company reported realized gains from non-affiliated investments transactions of $2 thousand.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company reported unrealized appreciation from foreign currency of $2 thousand. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company reported unrealized depreciation from forward foreign currency contracts of $(282) thousand. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company reported unrealized appreciation from non-affiliated investments transactions of $431 thousand.
For the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022, the Company did not report realized gains (losses) from foreign currency transactions and forward currency contracts.
The Company did not record a net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022.
Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our liquidity and capital resources are generated primarily through the net proceeds of our offering of the Company’s Common Shares, any financing arrangements we may enter into in the future, and cash flows from operations, including investments sales and repayments and income earned from investments and cash equivalents. The primary uses of cash have been investments in portfolio companies and other general corporate purposes.
Our primary uses of cash are expected to be for investments in portfolio companies and other investments, distributions to our shareholders, for operational costs such as paying management and incentive fees, custodian and accounting fees and for the cost of any borrowings or financing arrangements.
On October 30, 2023 (the “Closing Date”), the Company entered into a senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) with Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation.
The Revolving Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of the assets in the Company’s portfolio, including cash and cash equivalents. The stated interest rate on the Revolving Credit Facility is determined pursuant to a formula-based calculation based on the gross borrowing base at the time, resulting in a stated interest rate, depending on the type of borrowing, of either (a) Term SOFR plus a 10 basis point credit spread adjustment and an applicable margin equal to 2.125% per annum or 2.25% per annum, or (b) Alternate Base Rate plus a 10 basis point credit spread adjustment and an applicable margin equal to 1.125% per annum or 1.25% per annum in respect of USD borrowings and comparable rates in respect of non-USD borrowings.
The initial principal amount of the Revolving Credit Facility is $150 million. The Revolving Credit Facility has an accordion feature, subject to the satisfaction of various conditions, which could bring total commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility to up to $350 million. All amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility must be repaid by the date that is five years after the Closing Date of the Revolving Credit Facility.
The Company is permitted, under specified conditions, to issue multiple classes of indebtedness and one class of shares senior to Common Shares if asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, would at least equal 150% immediately after each such issuance. On November 8, 2022, the Company’s sole shareholder approved the adoption of this 150% threshold pursuant to Section 61(a)(2) of the 1940 Act and such election became effective the following day. In addition, while any senior securities remain outstanding, the Company will be required to make provisions to prohibit any dividend distribution to shareholders or the repurchase of such securities or shares unless the Company meets the applicable asset coverage ratios at the time of the dividend distribution or repurchase. The Company also may be permitted to borrow amounts up to 5% of the value of the total assets for temporary or emergency purposes, which borrowings would not be considered senior securities. As of December 31, 2023, there was no borrowing on the Credit Facility. 71
Table of Contents Pursuant to an Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement, for three years from May 5, 2023, the effective date of the Company’s registration statement (the “ELRA Period”), the Manager has contractually agreed to waive its fees and/or reimburse expenses of the Company so that the Company’s Specified Expenses (as defined below) will not exceed 0.50% of net assets (annualized). The Company has agreed to repay these amounts, when and if requested by the Manager, but only if and to the extent that Specified Expenses are less than 0.50% of net assets (annualized) (or, if a lower expense limit is then in effect, such lower limit) within three years after the date the Manager waived or reimbursed such fees or expenses. This arrangement cannot be terminated without the consent of the Company’s Board prior to the end of the ELRA Period. “Specified Expenses” includes all expenses incurred in the business of the Company, including organizational and offering costs (excluding the organizational and offering expenses relating to the initial sale of Class I, Class S and Class D Common Shares), with the following exceptions: (i) the management fee, (ii) the incentive fee, (iii) the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee, (iv) brokerage costs or other investment-related out-of-pocket expenses, (v) dividend/ interest payments (including any dividend payments, interest expenses, commitment fees, or other expenses related to any leverage incurred by the Company), (vi) taxes, and (vii) extraordinary expenses (as determined in the sole discretion of the Manager). Prior to the Company’s election of BDC status, the Manager agreed to voluntarily enact the above-described expense limitation.
As of December 31, 2023, we had $16.3 million in cash and cash equivalents, including foreign currency. During that period, cash used in operating activities was $83.1 million, primarily as a result of purchasing portfolio investments of $98.9 million, partially offset by proceeds from repayment of investments of $7.3 million. Cash provided by financing activities was $96.2 million, primarily as a result of proceeds from issuance of Common Shares.
As of December 31, 2022, we had $3.2 million in cash and cash equivalents. During that period, cash used in operating activities was $8.5 million, primarily as a result of purchasing portfolio investments of $8.5 million. Cash provided by financing activities was $11.7 million, primarily as a result of proceeds from issuance of Common Shares.
Equity
The following table summarizes transactions with respect to shares of the Company’s Common Shares during the year ended December 31, 2023 (dollars in thousands except share amounts):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | December 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||
| | | Class I | **** | Class S | Class D | ||||||||||
| | | Shares | **** | Amount | **** | Shares | **** | Amount | **** | Shares | **** | Amount | |||
| Shares/gross proceeds from the continuous public offerings | | 3,818,777 | | $ | 97,425 | | 382 | | $ | 10 | | 382 | | $ | 10 |
| Shares/gross proceeds from the private placements | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | ||||
| Share transfers between classes | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | ||||
| Reinvestment of distribution | 35,487 | | 964 | | — | | — | | — | | — | ||||
| Repurchased shares | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | ||||
| Net Increase (decrease) | **** | 3,854,264 | | $ | 98,389 | | 382 | | $ | 10 | | 382 | | $ | 10 |
Distributions
The following tables summarize our distributions declared and payable for the year ended December 31, 2023 (dollars in thousands except per share amounts) by share class:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | | | Class I | |||||
| Declaration Date | **** | Record Date | Payment Date | Distribution Per Share | Distribution Amount | ||||||
| November 27, 2023 | November 30, 2023 | December 20, 2023 | $ | 0.22500 | $ | 964 | | ||||
| December 22, 2023 | December 29, 2023 | January 20, 2024 | $ | 0.22500 | $ | 973 | | ||||
| December 22, 2023 | December 29, 2023 | January 20, 2024 | $ | 2.57225 | $ | 11,118 | ^(1)^ |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | | | Class S | |||||
| Declaration Date | **** | Record Date | **** | Payment Date | **** | Distribution Per Share | **** | Distribution Amount | | ||
| December 22, 2023 | December 29, 2023 | January 20, 2024 | $ | 0.20680 | $ | — | ^*^ | ||||
| December 22, 2023 | December 29, 2023 | January 20, 2024 | $ | 2.26391 | $ | 1 | ^(1)^ |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | | | Class D | |||||
| Declaration Date | **** | Record Date | **** | Payment Date | Distribution Per Share | Distribution Amount | **** | ||||
| December 22, 2023 | December 29, 2023 | January 20, 2024 | $ | 0.22100 | $ | — | ^*^ | ||||
| December 22, 2023 | December 29, 2023 | January 20, 2024 | $ | 2.32949 | $ | 1 | ^(1)^ |
(1)Represents a special distribution.
*Less than $500
Distribution Reinvestment Plan
We have adopted a distribution reinvestment plan, pursuant to which we will reinvest all cash dividends declared by the Board on behalf of our shareholders who do not elect to receive their dividends in cash as provided below. As a result, if the Board authorizes, and we declare, a cash dividend or other distribution, then our shareholders who have not opted out of our distribution reinvestment plan will have their cash distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares as described below, rather than receiving the cash dividend or other distribution. Distributions on fractional shares will be credited to each participating shareholder’s account to three decimal places. The following table reflects the share issued pursuant to the dividend reinvestment plan for the year ended December 31, 2023:
| | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | Class I | |||
| Declaration Date | | Record Date | | Payment Date | | Shares Issued |
| November 27, 2023 | | November 30, 2023 | | December 20, 2023 | 35,487 |
As of December 31, 2023, no Common Shares were issued pursuant to the distribution reinvestment plan for the Class S and Class D.
Share Repurchase Program
Beginning in the first quarter of 2024, the Company expects to provide liquidity through a quarterly repurchase program pursuant to which it will offer to repurchase, in each quarter, up to 5% of its Common Shares outstanding (either by number of shares or aggregate NAV) as of the close of the previous calendar quarter. The Board may amend or suspend the share repurchase program if in its reasonable judgment it deems such action to be in our best interest and the best interest of our shareholders. As a result, share repurchases may not be available each quarter, such as when a repurchase offer would place an undue burden on our liquidity, adversely affect our operations or risk having an adverse impact on the Company that would outweigh the benefit of the repurchase offer. We intend to conduct such repurchase offers in accordance with the requirements of Rule 13e-4 promulgated under the Exchange Act and Section 23(c) of the 1940 Act. All shares purchased by us pursuant to the terms of each tender offer will be retired and thereafter will be authorized and unissued shares. Any repurchases of the Manager’s and affiliate shares will be on the same terms and subject to the same limitations as other shareholders.
Under our share repurchase program, to the extent we offer to repurchase shares in any particular quarter, we expect to repurchase shares pursuant to quarterly tender offers on or around the last business day of that quarter using a purchase price equal to the NAV per share as of the last calendar day of the applicable quarter, except that shares that have not been outstanding for at least one year will be subject to the Early Repurchase Deduction. The one-year holding period is measured as of the subscription closing date immediately following the prospective repurchase date. The Early Repurchase Deduction will be retained by the Company for the benefit of remaining shareholders.
During the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2023, no shares were repurchased because the Company has not commenced its share repurchase program. The Company expects to commence the repurchase program during the first quarter of 2024.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of our financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses. Changes in the economic environment, financial markets, and any other parameters used in determining such estimates could cause actual results to differ. The Company considers the most significant accounting policies to be those related to our Valuation of Portfolio Investments, are described below. The critical accounting policies and estimates should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and related notes in Part II, Item 8, as well as with our “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report Form 10-K. 73
Table of Contents The Company values its investments in accordance with FASB ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements (“ASC 820”), which defines fair value as the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the applicable measurement date. ASC 820 prioritizes the use of observable market prices derived from such prices over entity-specific inputs. The Company is required to report its investments for which current market values are not readily available at fair value. Due to the inherent uncertainties of valuation, certain estimated fair values may differ significantly from the values that would have been realized had a readily available market for these investments existed, and these differences could be material. See “Part II - Item 8. Financial Statements - Note 5. Fair Value Measurements.”
The Company’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”) has adopted valuation procedures for security valuation under which fair valuation responsibilities have been delegated to PGIM Investments LLC (“PGIM Investments,” the “Manager” or the “Valuation Designee”). Pursuant to the Board’s delegation, the Valuation Designee has established a valuation committee responsible for supervising the fair valuation of portfolio securities and other assets and liabilities. The valuation procedures permit the Company to utilize independent valuation advisor services.
The Valuation Designee will use reliable market quotations to value the Company’s investments when such market quotations are readily available. Debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or whose market price is not readily available or whose market quotations are not deemed to represent fair value are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by or under the direction of the Valuation Designee. Market quotations may be deemed not to represent fair value in certain circumstances where the Valuation Designee reasonably believes that facts and circumstances applicable to an issuer, a seller or purchaser or the market for a particular security causes current market quotes not to reflect the fair value of the security.
If and when market quotations are deemed not to represent fair value, the Company typically utilizes independent third party valuation firms to assist in determining fair value. Accordingly, such investments go through a multi-step valuation process as described below. The Valuation Designee may engage one or more independent valuation firms based on a review of each firm’s expertise and relevant experience in valuing certain securities. In each case, independent valuation firms consider observable market inputs together with significant unobservable inputs in arriving at their valuation recommendations for such Level 3 categorized assets.
With respect to investments for which market quotations are not readily available or when such market quotations are deemed not to represent fair value, the Valuation Designee, subject to oversight by the Company’s Board, has approved a multi-step valuation process each month, as described below:
| ● | Valuation process begins with each portfolio company or investment being initially valued at cost. For Level 3 investments, the cost (purchase price adjusted for accreted original issue discount/amortized premium) or any recent comparable trade activity on the security investment shall be considered to reasonably approximate the fair value of the investment, provided that no material change has since occurred in the issuer’s business, significant inputs or the relevant environment. |
|---|---|
| ● | The Valuation Designee discusses valuations and determines in good faith the fair value of each investment in the portfolio based in part on information from an independent valuation firm that is provided on a monthly basis in conjunction with the determination of the Net Asset Value (“NAV”) per share each month. |
| --- | --- |
| ● | Valuation conclusions are discussed with and documented by the Valuation Designee, including whether a significant observable change has occurred since the most recent month-end with respect to an investment that requires an adjustment from the most recent monthly valuation. |
| --- | --- |
| ● | The Board reviews valuations approved by the Valuation Designee at least quarterly. |
| --- | --- |
As part of the Company’s valuation process, the Valuation Designee will take into account relevant factors in determining the fair value of the Company’s investments without market quotations, many of which are loans, including and in combination, as relevant: (i) the estimated enterprise value of a portfolio company, (ii) the nature and realizable value of any collateral, (iii) the portfolio company’s ability to make payments based on its earnings and cash flow, (iv) the markets in which the portfolio company does business, (v) a comparison of the portfolio company’s securities to any similar publicly traded securities, and (vi) overall changes in the interest rate environment and the credit markets that may affect the price at which similar investments may be made in the future. The determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a readily available market for these non-traded securities existed. Due to this uncertainty, fair value determinations may cause NAV on a given date to materially differ from the value that may ultimately realize upon the sale of one or more of the investments.
The Board reviews the valuations of portfolio investments quarterly and, no less frequently than annually, the adequacy of policies and procedures regarding valuations and the effectiveness of their implementation. 74
Table of Contents The Company’s accounting policy on the fair value of our investments is critical because the determination of fair value involves subjective judgments and estimates. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining fair value measurements, the fair values of our investments may differ from the amounts that we ultimately realize or collect from sales or maturities of our investments, and the differences could be material.
Recent Developments
The Company’s management evaluated recent developments through the date of issuance of the financial statements. There have been no recent developments that occurred during such period that would require disclosure in this report, except as discussed below.
On January 24, 2024, the Company declared a distribution of $0.22500 per Class I Share, $0.20680 per Class S Share, and $0.22100 per Class D Share which was paid on February 27, 2024 to shareholders of record as of January 31, 2024.
On February 23, 2024, the Company declared a distribution of $0.22500 per Class I Share, $0.20680 per Class S Share, and $0.22100 per Class D Share which is payable on March 27, 2024 to shareholders of record as of February 29, 2024.
On March 22, 2024, the Company declared a distribution of $0.22500 per Class I Share, $0.20680 per Class S Share, and $0.22100 per Class D Share which is payable on April 26, 2024 to shareholders of record as of March 28, 2024.
On February 23, 2024, the Manager contractually agreed to waive its management fees and incentive fees in their entirety through December 31, 2024. The Manager previously contractually agreed to waive its management fees and incentive fees in their entirety for one year from May 5, 2023, the effective date of the Company’s registration statement. The Manager pays a portion of the management fees and incentive fees it receives from the Company to the Subadviser. No advisory fees are paid by the Company directly to the Subadviser. The Subadviser has also contractually agreed to waive its portion of the management fees and incentive fees in their entirety through December 31, 2024 and previously contractually agreed to waive its management fees and incentive fees in their entirety for one year from May 5, 2023, the effective date of the Company’s registration statement.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk
We are subject to financial market risks, including valuation risk, interest rate risk and currency risk.
Valuation Risk
We plan to invest primarily in illiquid debt securities of private companies. Securities that are not publicly traded or for which market prices are not readily available will be valued at fair value as determined in good faith pursuant to procedures adopted by the Manager, as valuation designee pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act, and under the oversight of the Board, based on, among other things, the input of the Manager, the Subadviser and independent third-party valuation firms engaged at the direction of the Valuation Designee to review the Company’s investments. The Board will review and determine, or (subject to the Board’s oversight) delegate to the Valuation Designee to determine, the fair value of each of the Company’s investments and NAV per share each month. There is no single standard for determining fair value. As a result, determining fair value requires that judgment be applied to the specific facts and circumstances of each portfolio investment while employing a consistently applied valuation process for the types of investments we make. If we were required to liquidate a portfolio investment in a forced or liquidation sale, we may realize amounts that are different from the amounts presented and such differences could be material.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate sensitivity refers to the change in earnings that may result from changes in the level of interest rates. We intend to fund portions of our investments with borrowings, and at such time, our net investment income will be affected by the difference between the rate at which we invest and the rate at which we borrow. Accordingly, we cannot assure shareholders that a significant change in market interest rates will not have a material adverse effect on our net investment income.
If deemed prudent, we may use interest rate risk management techniques in an effort to minimize our exposure to interest rate fluctuations. We may hedge against interest rate and currency exchange rate fluctuations by using standard hedging instruments such as futures, options and forward contracts subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act. While hedging activities may insulate us against adverse changes in interest rates, they may also limit our ability to participate in benefits of lower interest rates with respect to our 75
Table of Contents portfolio of investments with fixed interest rates. We may also borrow funds in local currency as a way to hedge our non-U.S. denominated investments.
In the event of a rising interest rate environment, payments under floating rate debt instruments generally would rise and there may be a significant number of issuers of such floating rate debt instruments that would be unable or unwilling to pay such increased interest costs and may otherwise be unable to repay their loans. Investments in floating rate debt instruments may also decline in value in response to rising interest rates if the interest rates of such investments do not rise as much, or as quickly, as market interest rates in general. Similarly, during periods of rising interest rates, fixed-rate debt instruments may decline in value because the fixed rates of interest paid thereunder may be below market interest rates.
Based on our Statement of Assets and Liabilities as of December 31, 2023, the following table shows the annualized impact on net income of hypothetical base rate changes in interest rates (considering interest rate floors for variable rate instruments) assuming no changes in our investment (dollar amounts in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | Interest Income | **** | Interest Expense | **** | Net Income | |||
| Up 300 basis points | | $ | 3,099 | | $ | — | | $ | 3,099 |
| Up 200 basis points | | 2,066 | | — | | 2,066 | |||
| Up 100 basis points | | 1,033 | | — | | 1,033 | |||
| Down 100 basis points | | (1,033) | | — | | (1,033) | |||
| Down 200 basis points | | (2,066) | | — | | (2,066) |
Currency Risk
We expect to hedge most of the risk of foreign currency fluctuations on the non-U.S. cash receipts that would flow from our non-U.S. investments, including by funding such investments with borrowings denominated in the relevant foreign currency or through other hedging techniques (including the use of foreign currency forward contracts or swaps), subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act. A foreign currency forward contract is an obligation to buy or sell a given currency on a future date and at a set price or to make or receive a cash payment based on the value of a given currency at a future date. Delivery of the underlying currency is expected, the terms are individually negotiated, the counterparty is not a clearing corporation or an exchange, and payment on the contract is made upon delivery, rather than daily. There is uncertainty regarding the timing and amounts of those future cash flows, and the Company’s strategies for hedging transactions are subject to inherent imperfections. As such, the full risk of currency fluctuations will not be eliminated and the Company may be exposed to additional risk of loss. There can be no guarantee that instruments suitable for hedging in market shifts will be available at the time when the Company wishes to use them. Certain of the Company’s hedging transactions may be undertaken through brokers, banks or other organizations, and the Company will be subject to risk of default or insolvency of such counterparties. In such event, there can be no assurance that any money advanced to or obligations from these counterparties would be repaid or that the Company would have any recourse in the event of default. Further, hedging transactions may reduce cash available to pay distributions to our shareholders.
76
Table of Contents Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENT
| | Page |
|---|---|
| Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID No. 238) | 78 |
| Statements of Assets and Liabilities as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 | 79 |
| Statements of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2023 and for the Period from December 13, 2022 through December 31, 2022 | 80 |
| Statements of Changes in Net Assets for the Year Ended December 31, 2023 and for the Period from December 13, 2022 through December 31, 2022 | 81 |
| Statements of Cash Flows for the Year Ended December 31, 2023 and for the Period from December 13, 2022 through December 31, 2022 | 82 |
| Schedules of Investments as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 | 83 |
| Notes to Financial Statements | 90 |
77
Table of Contents Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Trustees and Shareholders of PGIM Private Credit Fund
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying statements of assets and liabilities, including the schedules of investments, of PGIM Private Credit Fund (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related statements of operations, changes in net assets and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2023 and the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) to December 31, 2022, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations, changes in its net assets and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2023 and the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits of these financial statements in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 by correspondence with the custodian and agent banks. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
New York, New York
March 25, 2024
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2022. 78
Table of Contents PGIM Private Credit Fund
Statements of Assets and Liabilities (in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
| | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | December 31, 2023 | | December 31, 2022 | | ||
| ASSETS | | | | | | | |
| Investments at fair value | | | | | | | |
| Non-affiliated investments (cost of $100,588 and $8,486, respectively)^(1)^ | | $ | 101,019 | | $ | 8,486 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | | 16,079 | | | 3,218 | | |
| Foreign currency, at value (cost $197 and $0, respectively) | | | 199 | | | — | |
| Interest receivable from non-affiliated investments | | 584 | | | 43 | | |
| Deferred financing costs | | | 1,159 | | | — | |
| Receivable for investments sold | | | 21 | | | — | |
| Due from Manager | | 1,273 | | | 89 | | |
| Other assets | | 40 | | | 1 | | |
| Total assets | | $ | 120,374 | | $ | 11,837 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| LIABILITIES | | | | | | | |
| Distribution payable (Note 8) | | | 12,093 | | | — | |
| Unrealized depreciation on OTC forward foreign currency exchange contracts | | | 282 | | | — | |
| Professional fees payable | | 962 | | | 50 | | |
| Pricing fees payable | | | 105 | | | — | |
| Interest payable | | | 98 | | | — | |
| Custodian and accounting fees payable | | 74 | | | 22 | | |
| Accrued expense and other liabilities | | | 45 | | | 20 | |
| Transfer agent’s fees payable | | | 14 | | | — | |
| Affiliated transfer agent’s fees payable | | 2 | | | — | | |
| Total liabilities | | $ | 13,675 | | $ | 92 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 7) | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| NET ASSETS | | | | | | | |
| Common shares, $0.001 par value (unlimited shares authorized; 4,323,128 and 468,100 shares issued and outstanding, respectively) | | 4 | | | — | ^(*)^ | |
| Paid in capital in excess of par | | 106,610 | | | 11,703 | | |
| Total distributable earnings/(accumulated losses) | | 85 | | | 42 | | |
| Total net assets | | $ | 106,699 | | $ | 11,745 | |
| Total liabilities and net assets | | $ | 120,374 | | $ | 11,837 | |
| NET ASSET VALUE PER SHARE | | | | | | | |
| Class I Shares: | | | | | | | |
| Net assets | | $ | 106,679 | | $ | 11,745 | |
| Common Shares outstanding ($0.001 par value, unlimited shares authorized) | | 4,322,364 | | | 468,100 | | |
| Net asset value per share | | $ | 24.68 | | $ | 25.09 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| Class S Shares^(2)^: | | | | | | | |
| Net assets | | $ | 10 | | $ | — | |
| Common Shares outstanding ($0.001 par value, unlimited shares authorized) | | | 382 | | | — | |
| Net asset value per share | | $ | 25.13 | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
| Class D Shares^(2)^: | | | | | | | |
| Net assets | | $ | 10 | | $ | — | |
| Common Shares outstanding ($0.001 par value, unlimited shares authorized) | | | 382 | | | — | |
| Net asset value per share | | $ | 25.13 | | $ | — | |
| (1) | Includes fair value of unfunded loan commitments which are disclosed in footnote seven within the Schedule of Investments and Note 7. Commitments and Contingencies. | ||||||
| --- | --- | ||||||
| (2) | Class S and Class D commenced operation on July 3, 2023. | ||||||
| --- | --- | ||||||
| (*) | Less than $500 | ||||||
| --- | --- |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
79
Table of Contents PGIM Private Credit Fund
Statements of Operations (in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
| | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | | For the period from | |
| | | | | | December 13, 2022 | |
| | | | | | (commencement of | |
| | | For the Year Ended | | operations) through | ||
| | **** | December 31, 2023 | **** | December 31, 2022 | ||
| Investment income | ^^ | | ^^ | | | ^^ |
| From non-affiliated investments: | ^^ | | ^^ | | | ^^ |
| Interest income | | $ | 8,558 | | $ | 45 |
| Dividend income | | 1,299 | | — | ||
| Fee income | | | 108 | | | — |
| Total investment income | | 9,965 | | 45 | ||
| | | | | | | |
| Expenses | | ^^ | ^^ | | ^^ | ^^ |
| Professional fees | | | 2,235 | | | 50 |
| Income based incentive fees (Note 3) | | | 608 | | | — |
| Management fees (Note 3) | | | 485 | | | — |
| Custodian and accounting fees | | 200 | | 22 | ||
| Trustees’ fees | | | 176 | | | — |
| Transfer agent’s fees and expenses (including affiliated expense of $2) (Note 3) | | | 161 | | | — |
| Interest expense | | | 140 | | | — |
| Pricing fees | | | 105 | | | — |
| Servicing and distribution fees | | | — | ^(*)^ | | — |
| Shareholders’ reports | | | 105 | | | — |
| Other general & administrative | | | 146 | | | 20 |
| Total expenses | | 4,361 | | 92 | ||
| Expense reimbursement (Note 3) | | | (2,708) | | | (89) |
| Incentive fees waived (Note 3) | | (608) | | — | ||
| Management fees waived (Note 3) | | | (485) | | | — |
| Net expenses | | 560 | | 3 | ||
| Net investment income (loss) | | 9,405 | | 42 | ||
| | | | | | | |
| Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss): | | ^^ | ^^ | | ^^ | ^^ |
| Net realized gain (loss): | | ^^ | ^^ | | ^^ | |
| Non-affiliated investments transactions | | 2 | | — | ||
| Forward foreign currency contracts transactions | | | 61 | | | — |
| Foreign currency transactions | | (17) | | — | ||
| Net realized gain (loss) | | 46 | | — | ||
| Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation): | | | | | ||
| Non-affiliated investments | | ^^ | 431 | | ^^ | — |
| Forward foreign currency contracts | | (282) | | — | ||
| Foreign currency | | 2 | | — | ||
| Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) | | 151 | | — | ||
| Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) | | 197 | | — | ||
| Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations | | $ | 9,602 | | $ | 42 |
(*)Less than $500
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
80
Table of Contents PGIM Private Credit Fund
Statements of Changes in Net Assets (in thousands)
| | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | | | | For the period from | |
| | | For the Year | | December 13, 2022 | ||
| | | Ended | | (commencement of operations ) through | ||
| | | December 31, 2023 | **** | December 31, 2022 | ||
| Operations | | | | | | |
| Net investment income (loss) | | $ | 9,405 | | $ | 42 |
| Net realized gain (loss) | | 46 | | | — | |
| Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) | | 151 | | | — | |
| Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations | | 9,602 | | | 42 | |
| | | | | | | |
| Distributions to common shareholders | | ^^ | | | | |
| Class I | | | (8,348) | | | — |
| Class S | | | (1) | | | — |
| Class D | | | (1) | | | — |
| | | | (8,350) | | | — |
| Tax return of capital distributions | | | | | | |
| Class I | | | (4,707) | | | — |
| Class S | | | — | ^(*)^ | | — |
| Class D | | | — | ^(*)^ | | — |
| | | | (4,707) | | | — |
| Net decrease in net assets resulting from distributions | | | (13,057) | | | — |
| | | | | | | |
| Share transactions | | ^^ | ^^ | | | |
| Class I: | | | | | | |
| Proceeds from shares sold | | | 97,425 | | | 11,700 |
| Distributions reinvested | | | 964 | | | — |
| Class S: | | | | | | |
| Proceeds from shares sold | | | 10 | | | — |
| Class D: | | ^^ | ^^ | | | |
| Proceeds from shares sold | | 10 | | | — | |
| Net increase (decrease) from share transactions | | 98,409 | | | 11,700 | |
| Total increase (decrease) in net assets | | 94,954 | | | 11,742 | |
| Net Assets, beginning of period | | 11,745 | | | 3 | |
| Net Assets, end of period | | $ | 106,699 | | $ | 11,745 |
(*)Less than $500
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
81
Table of Contents PGIM Private Credit Fund
Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands)
| | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | | For the period from | |
| | **** | | | **** | December 13, 2022 | |
| | | For the Year | | (commencement of | ||
| | | Ended | | operations) through | ||
| | | December 31, 2023 | **** | December 31, 2022 | ||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | ^^ | | ^^ | | | |
| Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations | $ | 9,602 | | $ | 42 | |
| Adjustments to reconcile net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: | ^^ | | ^^ | | | |
| Net unrealized (appreciation) depreciation on investments | | (431) | | | — | |
| Net unrealized (appreciation) depreciation on foreign currency forward contracts | | 282 | | | — | |
| Net unrealized (appreciation) depreciation on translation of assets and liabilities in foreign currencies | | (2) | | | — | |
| Net realized (gain) loss on investments | | (2) | | | — | |
| Net accretion of discount and amortization of premium | | (519) | | | (2) | |
| Amortization of deferred financing costs | | | 41 | | | — |
| Purchases of investments, net | | (98,912) | | | (8,484) | |
| Proceeds from principal repayments | | 7,331 | | | — | |
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ^^ | | ^^ | | | |
| Interest receivable | | (541) | | | (43) | |
| Receivable for investments sold | | (21) | | | — | |
| Due from Manager | | (1,184) | | | (89) | |
| Other assets | | (39) | | | (1) | |
| Professional fees payable | | | 912 | | | 50 |
| Transfer agent’s fees payable | | 14 | | | — | |
| Custodian and accounting fees payable | | 52 | | | 22 | |
| Pricing fees payable | | | 105 | | | — |
| Interest payable | | | 98 | | | — |
| Affiliated transfer agent's fees payable | | | 2 | | | — |
| Accrued expenses and other liabilities | | 25 | | | 20 | |
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | | (83,187) | | | (8,485) | |
| | | | | | | |
| Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | |
| Proceeds from issuance of common shares | | 97,445 | | | 11,700 | |
| Deferred financing costs paid | | | (1,200) | | | — |
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | | 96,245 | | | 11,700 | |
| | | | | | | |
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents, including foreign currency | | 13,058 | | | 3,215 | |
| Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | | | 2 | | | — |
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | | 3,218 | | | 3 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period, including foreign currency | | $ | 16,278 | | $ | 3,218 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
82
Table of Contents
PGIM Private Credit Fund
Schedule of Investments
December 31, 2023
(in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | Reference | | | | Par | | | | | | | | | ||||||||
| | | Rate and | | | | Maturity | | Amount/ | | | | | Fair | | % of | ||||||
| Investments^(1)(10)^ | Spread | Interest Rate^(2)^ | Date | Units | Cost^(3)^ | Value | Net Assets | | |||||||||||||
| Investments—non-affiliated | | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||
| First Lien Debt^(4) (5)^ | | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||
| Beverages | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Suja Merger Sub, LLC ^(6)^ | | 1M | S + | 5.60 | % | | 10.96 | % | 8/23/2027 | | $ | 2,978 | | $ | 2,947 | | $ | 2,961 | | 2.77 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2,947 | | | 2,961 | | 2.77 | |
| Business Services | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Eureka Entertainment, LLC | | 1M | S + | 6.85 | % | | 12.21 | % | 12/20/2027 | | | 2,128 | | | 2,090 | | | 2,097 | | 1.97 | |
| Eureka Entertainment, LLC (Revolver) ^(7)^ | | 1M | S + | 6.85 | % | | 12.21 | % | 12/20/2027 | | | 319 | | | 77 | | | 78 | | 0.07 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2,167 | | | 2,175 | | 2.04 | |
| Chemicals | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| AgroFresh, Inc. | | 1M | S + | 6.60 | % | | 11.96 | % | 3/31/2029 | | | 5,165 | | | 5,029 | | | 5,048 | | 4.73 | |
| AgroFresh, Inc. | | 1M | E + | 7.25 | % | | 11.19 | % | 3/31/2029 | | EUR | 817 | | | 863 | | | 881 | | 0.83 | |
| AgroFresh, Inc. (Delayed Draw) | | 1M | S + | 6.60 | % | | 11.96 | % | 3/31/2029 | | | 707 | | | 689 | | | 691 | | 0.65 | |
| AgroFresh, Inc. (Revolver) ^(7)^ | | 1M | S + | 6.60 | % | | 11.96 | % | 3/31/2028 | | | 566 | | | 410 | | | 412 | | 0.38 | |
| Airedale Newco Limited ^(8)^ | | 3M | SN+ | 6.25 | % | | 11.44 | % | 12/22/2028 | | GBP | 5,313 | | | 6,548 | | | 6,570 | | 6.16 | |
| Airedale Newco Limited (Revolver) ^(7) (8)^ | | 3M | SN+ | 6.25 | % | | 11.44 | % | 12/22/2028 | | GBP | 781 | | | (31) | | | (30) | | (0.03) | |
| Kandelium Group GmbH ^(8)^ | | 3M | S + | 6.22 | % | | 11.59 | % | 11/22/2030 | | | 1,926 | | | 1,870 | | | 1,870 | | 1.75 | |
| Kandelium Group GmbH ^(8)^ | | 6M | E+ | 5.50 | % | | 9.55 | % | 11/22/2030 | | EUR | 3,024 | | | 3,196 | | | 3,240 | | 3.04 | |
| Kandelium Group GmbH (Delayed Draw) ^(7) (8)^ | | 3M | S + | 6.22 | % | | 11.59 | % | 11/22/2030 | | | 1,284 | | | (19) | | | (19) | | (0.02) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 18,555 | | | 18,663 | | 17.49 | |
| Commercial Services & Supplies | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| CI(MG) Intermediate, LLC | | 3M | S + | 7.15 | % | | 12.53 | % | 3/24/2028 | | | 2,053 | | | 1,993 | | | 1,993 | | 1.87 | |
| CI(MG) Intermediate, LLC (Delayed Draw) ^(7)^ | | 3M | S + | 7.15 | % | | 12.53 | % | 3/24/2028 | | | 1,155 | | | (34) | | | (34) | | (0.03) | |
| CI(MG) Intermediate, LLC (Revolver) ^(7)^ | | 3M | S + | 7.15 | % | | 12.53 | % | 3/24/2028 | | | 257 | | | (7) | | | (7) | | (0.01) | |
| HEF Safety Ultimate Holdings, LLC | | 3M | S + | 5.75 | % | | 11.10 | % | 11/17/2029 | | | 2,066 | | | 2,015 | | | 2,015 | | 1.89 | |
| HEF Safety Ultimate Holdings, LLC (Delayed Draw) ^(7)^ | | 3M | S + | 5.75 | % | | 11.10 | % | 11/17/2029 | | | 563 | | | (7) | | | (7) | | (0.01) | |
| HEF Safety Ultimate Holdings, LLC (Revolver) ^(7)^ | | 3M | S + | 5.75 | % | | 11.10 | % | 11/17/2029 | | | 297 | | | 72 | | | 72 | | 0.07 | |
| ZircoData Holdings Pty Ltd ^(6) (8)^ | | 3M | B + | 7.25 | % | | 11.66 | % | 5/3/2026 | | AUD | 1,793 | | | 1,191 | | | 1,214 | | 1.14 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 5,223 | | | 5,246 | | 4.92 | |
| Construction & Engineering | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| ADB Acquisition, LLC ^(6)^ | | 3M | S + | 6.76 | % | | 12.11 | % | 12/18/2025 | | | 2,767 | | | 2,733 | | | 2,696 | | 2.53 | |
| ADB Acquisition, LLC | | 3M | S + | 6.76 | % | | 12.14 | % | 12/18/2025 | | | 520 | | | 509 | | | 507 | | 0.47 | |
| Capital Construction, LLC | 1M | S + | 6.35 | % | | 11.69 | % | 10/22/2026 | | 925 | | | 909 | | | 912 | | 0.85 | | ||
| Capital Construction, LLC (Delayed Draw) | | 1M | S + | 6.35 | % | | 11.70 | % | 10/22/2026 | | | 1,253 | | | 1,233 | | | 1,236 | | 1.16 | |
| Capital Construction, LLC (Revolver) ^(7)^ | 1M | S + | 6.35 | % | | 11.69 | % | 10/22/2026 | | | 222 | | | 19 | | | 19 | | 0.02 | | |
| Full Circle Fiber Operating LLC | | 6M | S + | 7.25 | % | | 12.43 | % | 12/16/2027 | | | 5,444 | | | 5,336 | | | 5,352 | | 5.02 | |
| Safety Infrastructure Services Intermediate LLC | | 3M | S + | 7.15 | % | | 12.50 | % | 7/21/2028 | | | 2,168 | | | 2,124 | | | 2,133 | | 2.00 | |
| Safety Infrastructure Services Intermediate LLC (Revolver) ^(7)^ | | 3M | S + | 7.15 | % | | 12.50 | % | 7/21/2028 | | | 455 | | | 82 | | | 83 | | 0.08 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 12,945 | | | 12,938 | | 12.13 | |
| Containers & Packaging | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||
| Close The Loop Group USA, Inc. | 3M | S + | 6.90 | % | | 12.25 | % | 10/26/2029 | | | 2,814 | | | 2,757 | | | 2,769 | | 2.60 | | |
| Close The Loop Group USA, Inc. (Delayed Draw) ^(7)^ | 3M | S + | 6.90 | % | | 12.25 | % | 10/26/2029 | | | 358 | | | (7) | | | (6) | | (0.01) | | |
| Close The Loop Group USA, Inc. (Revolver) ^(7)^ | 3M | S + | 6.90 | % | | 12.25 | % | 12/26/2029 | | | 589 | | | (12) | | | (9) | | (0.01) | | |
| Johns-Byrne LLC | | 3M | S + | 6.25 | % | | 11.60 | % | 8/31/2029 | | | 999 | | | 975 | | | 979 | | 0.92 | |
| Johns-Byrne LLC (Delayed Draw) ^(7)^ | | 3M | S + | 6.25 | % | | 11.60 | % | 8/31/2029 | | | 267 | | | (6) | | | (5) | | (0.01) | |
| Johns-Byrne LLC (Revolver) ^(7)^ | | 3M | S + | 6.25 | % | | 11.60 | % | 8/31/2029 | | | 134 | | | (3) | | | (3) | | — | |
| Toledo AcquisitionCo Inc. ^(6)^ | 3M | S + | 6.65 | % | | 12.03 | % | 8/21/2027 | | | 2,977 | | | 2,934 | | | 2,923 | | 2.74 | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 6,638 | | | 6,648 | | 6.23 | |
| Distributors | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Delaware Valley Floral Group LLC | | 3M | S + | 6.23 | % | | 11.57 | % | 8/24/2028 | | | 606 | | | 593 | | | 596 | | 0.56 | |
| Delaware Valley Floral Group LLC (Revolver) ^(7)^ | | 3M | S + | 6.23 | % | | 11.57 | % | 8/24/2028 | | | 327 | | | (7) | | | (5) | | (0.01) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 586 | | | 591 | | 0.55 | |
| Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Rochester Sensors, LLC | | 3M | S + | 6.65 | % | | 12.00 | % | 5/8/2028 | | | 6,694 | | | 6,548 | | | 6,575 | | 6.16 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
83
Table of Contents PGIM Private Credit Fund
Schedule of Investments (continued)
December 31, 2023
(in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | Reference | | | | Par | | | | | | | | | ||||||||
| | | Rate and | | | | Maturity | | Amount/ | | | | | Fair | | % of | ||||||
| Investments^(1)(10)^ | Spread^(2)^ | Interest Rate^(2)^ | Date | Units | Cost^(3)^ | Value | Net Assets | | |||||||||||||
| Investments—non-affiliated (continued) | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||
| Rochester Sensors, LLC (Revolver) ^(7)^ | | 3M | S + | 6.65 | % | | 12.00 | % | 5/8/2028 | | | 545 | | $ | 234 | | $ | 236 | | 0.22 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 6,782 | | | 6,811 | | 6.38 | |
| Environmental & Facilities Services | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Legend Buyer, Inc. | | 6M | S + | 5.85 | % | | 11.03 | % | 1/19/2029 | | | 1,123 | | | 1,099 | | | 1,104 | | 1.03 | |
| Legend Buyer, Inc. (Revolver) ^(7)^ | | 6M | S + | 5.85 | % | | 11.03 | % | 1/19/2029 | | | 214 | | | (4) | | | (4) | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,095 | | | 1,100 | | 1.03 | |
| Gas Utilities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Sail Energy, LLC | | 6M | S + | 7.00 | % | | 12.18 | % | 1/24/2028 | | | 1,161 | | | 1,142 | | | 1,146 | | 1.07 | |
| Sail Energy, LLC (Delayed Draw) | | 6M | S + | 7.00 | % | | 12.18 | % | 1/24/2028 | | | 780 | | | 768 | | | 771 | | 0.72 | |
| Sail Energy, LLC (Revolver) ^(7)^ | | 6M | S + | 7.00 | % | | 12.18 | % | 1/24/2028 | | | 381 | | | (6) | | | (5) | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,904 | | | 1,912 | | 1.79 | |
| Health Care Equipment | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Medical Device Inc. | | 3M | S + | 6.60 | % | | 11.95 | % | 7/11/2029 | | | 1,612 | | | 1,575 | | | 1,582 | | 1.48 | |
| Medical Device Inc. (Revolver) ^(7)^ | | 3M | S + | 6.60 | % | | 11.95 | % | 7/11/2029 | | | 202 | | | (5) | | | (4) | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,570 | | | 1,578 | | 1.48 | |
| Health Care Providers & Services | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| ADB Acquiror, Inc | | 3M | S + | 7.65 | % | | 13.00 | % | 5/12/2028 | | | 5,064 | | | 4,942 | | | 4,962 | | 4.65 | |
| ADB Acquiror, Inc (Delayed Draw) ^(7)^ | | 3M | S + | 7.65 | % | | 13.00 | % | 5/12/2028 | | | 1,727 | | | (41) | | | (35) | | (0.03) | |
| ADB Acquiror, Inc (Revolver) ^(7)^ | | 3M | S + | 7.65 | % | | 13.00 | % | 5/12/2028 | | | 455 | | | (11) | | | (9) | | (0.01) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 4,890 | | | 4,918 | | 4.61 | |
| Human Resource & Employment Services | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Pryor Learning, LLC | | 1M | S + | 6.85 | % | | 12.21 | % | 2/28/2028 | | | 1,886 | | | 1,851 | | | 1,857 | | 1.74 | |
| Pryor Learning, LLC (Revolver) ^(7)^ | | 1M | S + | 6.85 | % | | 12.21 | % | 2/28/2028 | | | 203 | | | (4) | | | (3) | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,847 | | | 1,854 | | 1.74 | |
| IT Consulting & Other Services | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| MajorKey Technologies Holdings LLC ^(6)^ | | 3M | S + | 6.26 | % | | 11.64 | % | 12/3/2026 | | | 2,820 | | | 2,793 | | | 2,792 | | 2.62 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2,793 | | | 2,792 | | 2.62 | |
| IT Services | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Penncomp LLC | | 1M | S + | 6.60 | % | | 11.96 | % | 10/17/2028 | | | 3,718 | | | 3,633 | | | 3,633 | | 3.40 | |
| Penncomp LLC (Delayed Draw) ^(7)^ | | 1M | S + | 6.60 | % | | 11.96 | % | 10/17/2028 | | | 1,183 | | | (13) | | | (13) | | (0.01) | |
| Penncomp LLC (Revolver) ^(7)^ | | 1M | S + | 6.60 | % | | 11.96 | % | 10/17/2028 | | | 148 | | | (3) | | | (3) | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3,617 | | | 3,617 | | 3.39 | |
| Media | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| AOM Intermediate Holdco, LLC | | 3M | S + | 6.90 | % | | 12.25 | % | 8/22/2028 | | | 3,378 | | | 3,300 | | | 3,313 | | 3.10 | |
| AOM Intermediate Holdco, LLC (Delayed Draw) ^(7)^ | | 3M | S + | 6.90 | % | | 12.25 | % | 8/22/2028 | | | 773 | | | (18) | | | (15) | | (0.01) | |
| AOM Intermediate Holdco, LLC (Revolver) ^(7)^ | | 3M | S + | 6.90 | % | | 12.25 | % | 8/22/2028 | | | 258 | | | (6) | | | (5) | | — | |
| Together Group Holdings PLC | | 3M | S + | 7.90 | % | | 13.26 | % | 4/6/2029 | | | 5,000 | | | 4,868 | | | 4,890 | | 4.58 | % |
| Together Group Holdings PLC (Delayed Draw) ^(7)^ | | 3M | S + | 7.90 | % | | 13.26 | % | 4/6/2029 | | | 273 | | | (7) | | | (6) | | (0.01) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 8,137 | | | 8,177 | | 7.66 | |
| Pharmaceuticals | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Quest Products, LLC ^(6)^ | | 1M | S + | 7.10 | % | | 12.46 | % | 6/19/2025 | | | 1,434 | | | 1,424 | | | 1,426 | | 1.34 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,424 | | | 1,426 | | 1.34 | |
| Professional Services | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| HH Global Finance LTD ^(6)^ | | 6M | S + | 6.43 | % | | 11.82 | % | 2/25/2027 | | | 3,000 | | | 2,959 | | | 2,968 | | 2.78 | |
| Prestige Employee Administrators, LLC ^(6)^ | | 3M | S + | 6.15 | % | | 11.50 | % | 12/31/2025 | | | 3,082 | | | 3,052 | | | 3,073 | | 2.88 | |
| Tetris Bidco Limited ^(8)^ | | 3M | SN+ | 6.75 | % | | 11.94 | % | 10/24/2029 | | GBP | 2,149 | | | 2,543 | | | 2,660 | | 2.50 | |
| Tetris Bidco Limited (Revolver) ^(7) (8)^ | | 3M | SN+ | 6.75 | % | | 11.94 | % | 10/24/2029 | | GBP | 263 | | | (9) | | | (9) | | (0.01) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 8,545 | | | 8,692 | | 8.15 | |
| Software | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Knowledge Support Systems, Inc. ^(6)^ | | 3M | S + | 7.00 | % | | 11.80 | % | 11/17/2029 | | | 1,663 | | | 1,626 | | | 1,627 | | 1.52 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,626 | | | 1,627 | | 1.52 | |
| Trading Companies & Distributors | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Certified Power, Inc | | 3M | S + | 7.10 | % | | 12.49 | % | 4/28/2028 | | | 4,534 | | | 4,416 | | | 4,433 | | 4.16 | |
| Entertainment Earth, LLC ^(6)^ | | 3M | S + | 6.65 | % | | 12.00 | % | 7/22/2027 | | | 2,924 | | | 2,881 | | | 2,860 | | 2.68 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 7,297 | | | 7,293 | | 6.84 | |
| Total First Lien Debt | | | | | | | | | $ | 100,588 | | $ | 101,019 | | 94.68 | % | |||||
| Total Investments—non-affiliated | | | | | | | | | $ | 100,588 | | $ | 101,019 | | 94.68 | % | |||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Cash Equivalents | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| State Street Institutional Treasury Plus Money Market Fund ^(9)^ | | | | | | | 14,052 | | | 14,052 | | | 14,052 | | 13.17 | | |||||
| Cash Equivalents | | | | | | | | | $ | 14,052 | | $ | 14,052 | | 13.17 | % | |||||
| Total Portfolio Investments and Cash Equivalents | | | | | | | | | $ | 114,640 | | $ | 115,071 | | 107.85 | % | |||||
| (1) | Unless otherwise indicated, issuers of debt investments held by the Company are denominated in USD dollars. All debt investments are income producing unless otherwise indicated. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| --- | --- |
84
Table of Contents PGIM Private Credit Fund
Schedule of Investments (continued)
December 31, 2023
(in thousands)
| (2) | Unless otherwise indicated, loan contains a variable rate structure, and may be subject to an interest rate floor. Variable rate loans to the portfolio companies bear interest at a rate that is determined by reference to either the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR” or “S”), EuroInterbank Offered Rate (“EURIBOR” or “E”) or Australian Bank Bill Swap Rate (“BBSW” or “B”), Sterling Overnight Index Average (“SONIA or SN”), which generally resets periodically. For each loan, the Company has indicated the reference rate used (including any adjustments per the loan agreements), and provided the spread and interest rate in effect as of December 31, 2023. |
|---|---|
| (3) | The cost represents the original cost adjusted for the accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums, as applicable, on debt investments using the effective interest method in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). |
| --- | --- |
| (4) | Unless otherwise indicated, issuers of debt held by the Company are domiciled in the United States. |
| --- | --- |
| (5) | All investments valued using unobservable inputs (Level 3), unless otherwise noted (see “Note 2. Accounting Policies” and “Note 5. Fair Value Measurements”). |
| --- | --- |
| (6) | Represents a loan that was purchased by the Company and transferred at fair value from the parent company of PGIM Strategic Investments, Inc. in March 2023. |
| --- | --- |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 85
Table of Contents PGIM Private Credit Fund
Schedule of Investments (continued)
December 31, 2023
(in thousands)
| (7) | Position or portion thereof is an unfunded loan commitment, and no interest is being earned on the unfunded portion, although the investment may be subject to unused commitment fees. Negative cost and fair value result from unamortized fees, which are capitalized to the investment cost. See below for more information on the Company’s unfunded commitments: | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | **** | | **** | | **** | | | **** | Unfunded | |
| | | | | Commitment | | | | | Commitment | |
| Investments—non-affiliated | | Commitment Type | | Expiration Date | | Unfunded | | Fair Value | ||
| ADB Acquiror, Inc | | Delayed Draw Term Loan | | 5/12/2028 | | $ | 1,727 | | $ | (35) |
| ADB Acquiror, Inc | | Revolver | | 5/12/2028 | | | 455 | | | (9) |
| AgroFresh, Inc. | | Revolver | | 3/31/2028 | | | 141 | | | (3) |
| Airedale Newco Limited | | Revolver | | 12/21/2028 | | | 993 | | | (30) |
| AOM Intermediate Holdco, LLC | | Delayed Draw Term Loan | | 8/22/2028 | | | 773 | | | (15) |
| AOM Intermediate Holdco, LLC | | Revolver | | 8/22/2028 | | | 258 | | | (5) |
| Capital Construction, LLC | | Revolver | | 10/22/2026 | | 200 | | (3) | ||
| CI(MG) Intermediate, LLC | | Delayed Draw Term Loan | | 3/24/2028 | | | 1,155 | | | (34) |
| CI(MG) Intermediate, LLC | | Revolver | | 3/24/2028 | | 257 | | (7) | ||
| Close The Loop Group USA, Inc. | | Delayed Draw Term Loan | | 10/26/2029 | | | 358 | | | (6) |
| Close The Loop Group USA, Inc. | | Revolver | | 12/26/2029 | | | 589 | | | (9) |
| Delaware Valley Floral Group LLC | | Revolver | | 8/24/2028 | | 327 | | (5) | ||
| Eureka Entertainment, LLC | | Revolver | | 12/20/2027 | | | 236 | | | (3) |
| HEF Safety Ultimate Holdings, LLC | | Delayed Draw Term Loan | | 11/19/2029 | | 563 | | (7) | ||
| HEF Safety Ultimate Holdings, LLC | | Revolver | | 11/19/2029 | | 218 | | (7) | ||
| Johns-Byrne LLC | | Delayed Draw Term Loan | | 8/31/2029 | | | 267 | | | (5) |
| Johns-Byrne LLC | | Revolver | | 8/31/2029 | | | 134 | | | (3) |
| Kandelium Group GmbH | | Delayed Draw Term Loan | | 11/22/2030 | | | 1,284 | | | (19) |
| Legend Buyer, Inc. | | Revolver | | 1/19/2029 | | | 214 | | | (4) |
| Medical Device Inc. | | Revolver | | 7/11/2029 | | | 202 | | | (4) |
| Penncomp LLC | | Delayed Draw Term Loan | | 10/17/2028 | | | 1,183 | | | (13) |
| Penncomp LLC | | Revolver | | 10/17/2028 | | | 148 | | | (3) |
| Pryor Learning, LLC | | Revolver | | 2/28/2028 | | | 203 | | | (3) |
| Rochester Sensors, LLC | | Revolver | | 5/8/2028 | | | 300 | | | (5) |
| Safety Infrastructure Services Intermediate LLC | | Revolver | | 7/21/2028 | | | 363 | | | (6) |
| Sail Energy, LLC | | Revolver | | 1/24/2028 | | | 381 | | | (5) |
| Tetris Bidco Limited | | Revolver | | 10/24/2029 | | | 321 | | | (9) |
| Together Group Holdings PLC | | Delayed Draw Term Loan | | 4/6/2029 | | | 273 | | | (6) |
| Total | | | | | | $ | 13,523 | | $ | (263) |
| (8) | The investment is not a qualifying asset under Section 55(a) of the 1940 Act. The Company may not acquire any non-qualifying asset unless, at the time of acquisition, qualifying assets represent at least 70% of the Company’s total assets. As of December 31, 2023, non-qualifying assets represented 12.94% of the Company’s total assets as calculated in accordance with regulatory requirements. |
|---|---|
| (9) | Cash equivalents balance represents amounts held in interest-bearing money market funds issued by State Street Institutional Treasury Plus Money Market Fund (Investor Class (SAEXX)), which had a 30-day yield of 5.22% as of December 31, 2023. |
| --- | --- |
| (10) | Unless otherwise indicated, all investments are non-controlled, non-affiliated investments. Non-controlled, non-affiliated investments are defined as investments in which the Company owns less than 5% of a portfolio company's outstanding voting securities and does not have the power to exercise control over the management or policies of such portfolio company. As of December 31, 2023, all of the Company's investments were non-controlled, non-affiliated. |
| --- | --- |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 86
Table of Contents PGIM Private Credit Fund
Schedule of Investments (continued)
December 31, 2023
(in thousands)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts
| | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | | | Settlement | **** | Unrealized Appreciation | |
| Counterparty | | Currency Purchased | Currency Sold | Date | | (Depreciation) | |
| Macquarie Bank Limited | 6,771 | 5,313 | 31-Dec-25 | | $ | (24) | |
| Macquarie Bank Limited | 3,385 | 3,024 | 28-Nov-25 | | (59) | ||
| Macquarie Bank Limited | | 1,191 | AUD 1,835 | 16-Feb-24 | | | (63) |
| Macquarie Bank Limited | | 2,696 | 2,193 | 16-Jan-24 | | | (100) |
| Macquarie Bank Limited | | 868 | 817 | 8-Jan-24 | | | (36) |
| Macquarie Bank Limited | 8 | 7 | 8-Jan-24 | | —(*) | ||
| | | | | | | $ | (282) |
All values are in US Dollars.
| (*) | Less than $500 |
|---|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
87
Table of Contents PGIM Private Credit Fund
Schedule of Investments
December 31, 2022
(in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | Reference | **** | | **** | | **** | Par | **** | | | **** | | | **** | | **** | ||
| | | Rate and | | | | Maturity | | Amount/ | | | | Fair | | % of | | ||||
| Investments^(10)^ | | Spread | | Interest Rate^(2)^ | | Date | | Units | | Cost^(3)^ | | Value | | Net Assets | | ||||
| Investments—non-affiliated | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| First Lien Debt^(4) (5)^ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Business Services | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Eureka Entertainment, LLC | | 3M S + | 6.90 | % | 11.49 | % | 12/20/2027 | | $ | 2,149 | | $ | 2,101 | | $ | 2,101 | | 17.89 | % |
| Eureka Entertainment, LLC (Revolver)^^^(6)^ | | 3M S + | 6.90 | % | 11.49 | % | 12/20/2027 | | | 319 | | | (7) | | | (7) | | (0.06) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | 2,094 | | 2,094 | 17.83 | | |||
| Construction & Engineering | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Capital Construction, LLC | 1M S + | 6.60 | % | 10.96 | % | 10/22/2026 | | 931 | | 911 | | 911 | 7.76 | | |||||
| Capital Construction, LLC (Revolver)^(6)^ | 1M S + | 6.60 | % | 10.96 | % | 10/22/2026 | | 222 | | 50 | | 50 | 0.43 | | |||||
| Capital Construction, LLC (Delayed Draw)^(6)^ | 1M S + | 6.60 | % | 10.96 | % | 10/22/2026 | | 1,259 | | (14) | | (14) | (0.12) | | |||||
| Full Circle Fiber Operating LLC | 3M S + | 7.15 | % | 11.74 | % | 12/16/2027 | | 5,583 | | 5,445 | | 5,445 | 46.36 | | |||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | 6,392 | | 6,392 | 54.43 | | |||
| Total First Lien Debt | | | | | $ | 8,486 | | $ | 8,486 | 72.26 | % | ||||||||
| Total Investments—non-affiliated | | | | | $ | 8,486 | | $ | 8,486 | 72.26 | % | ||||||||
| Cash Equivalents | | | | | | | |||||||||||||
| State Street Institutional Treasury Plus Money Market Fund ^(7)^ | | | | | 3,218 | | 3,218 | 27.40 | | ||||||||||
| Total Cash Equivalents | | | | | $ | 3,218 | | $ | 3,218 | 27.40 | % | ||||||||
| Total Portfolio Investments and Cash Equivalents | | | | | $ | 11,704 | | $ | 11,704 | 99.66 | % | ||||||||
| (1) | Unless otherwise indicated, issuers of debt investments held by the Company are denominated in USD dollars. All debt investments are income producing unless otherwise indicated. | ||||||||||||||||||
| --- | --- | ||||||||||||||||||
| (2) | Variable rate loans to the portfolio companies bear interest at a rate that is determined by reference to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR” or “S”), which generally resets periodically. For each loan, the Company has indicated the reference rate used (including any adjustments per the loan agreements), and provided the spread and interest rate in effect as of December 31, 2022. | ||||||||||||||||||
| --- | --- | ||||||||||||||||||
| (3) | The cost represents the original cost adjusted for the accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums, as applicable, on debt investments using the effective interest method in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). | ||||||||||||||||||
| --- | --- | ||||||||||||||||||
| (4) | Unless otherwise indicated, issuers of debt held by the Company are domiciled in the United States. | ||||||||||||||||||
| --- | --- | ||||||||||||||||||
| (5) | All investments valued using unobservable inputs (Level 3), unless otherwise noted (see “Note 2. Accounting Policies” and “Note 5. Fair Value Measurements”). | ||||||||||||||||||
| --- | --- |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Table of Contents PGIM Private Credit Fund
Schedule of Investments (continued)
December 31, 2022
(in thousands)
| (6) | Position or portion thereof is an unfunded loan commitment, and no interest is being earned on the unfunded portion, although the investment may be subject to unused commitment fees. Negative cost and fair value results from unamortized fees, which are capitalized to the investment cost. See below for more information on the Company’s unfunded commitments: |
|---|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | | **** | | **** | | | **** | Unfunded | |
| | | Commitment | | Commitment | | | | | Commitment | |
| Investments—non-affiliated | | Type | | Expiration Date | | Unfunded | | Fair Value | ||
| Capital Construction, LLC | | Delayed Draw Term loan | | 10/22/2026 | | $ | 1,259 | | $ | (14) |
| Capital Construction, LLC | Revolver | 10/22/2026 | | 167 | | (5) | ||||
| Eureka Entertainment, LLC | Revolver | 12/20/2027 | | 319 | | (7) | ||||
| Total | | $ | 1,745 | | $ | (26) |
| (7) | Cash equivalents balance represents amounts held in interest-bearing money market funds issued by State Street Institutional Treasury Plus Money Market Fund (Investor Class (SAEXX)), which had a 30-day yield of 3.90% as of December 31, 2022. |
|---|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
89
Table of Contents PGIM Private Credit Fund
Notes to Financial Statements
(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note 1. Organization
PGIM Private Credit Fund (the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) is a Delaware statutory trust formed on March 21, 2022. The Company currently invests and intends to continue investing primarily in privately placed floating rate leveraged (below investment grade) debt, including, but not limited to, senior secured, first lien, debt issuances in middle market companies primarily in the United States as well as up to 30% of its total assets in investments in other countries (primarily Canada, Europe, Australia and Latin America). The Company currently is majority-owned by Prudential Insurance Company of America (“PICA”), an affiliate of the Company and PGIM Investments LLC (“PGIM Investments,” or the “Manager”). The Company elected to be regulated as a business development company (“BDC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) effective May 5, 2023. The Company also intends to elect to be treated, and qualify annually, as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes as defined under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) commencing with its initial taxable year ended December 31, 2023.
The Company’s investment objective is to seek to generate current income and, to a lesser extent, long-term capital appreciation. Under normal circumstances, the Company intends to invest at least 80% of its total assets (net assets plus borrowings for investment purposes) in private credit investments. The Company considers private credit investments to include loans, bonds and other credit instruments that are issued in private offerings or issued by private companies. Under normal circumstances, it is expected that the Company will primarily be invested in privately originated and privately negotiated direct lending investments to U.S. middle market companies through (i) first lien senior secured loans (including club deals by a small group of investment firms), and (ii) with not more than 20% of total invested capital in senior secured second and third lien loans, and unsecured loans.
The Company commenced its operations on December 13, 2022.
Note 2. Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”).
The Company follows the investment company accounting and reporting guidance of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 946 Financial Services – Investment Companies.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company to make certain estimates and assumptions that may affect the amounts reported on the financial statements and accompanying notes. These financial statements reflect normal and recurring adjustments that in the opinion of the Company are necessary for the fair statement of the results for the periods presented. Actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions included on the financial statements.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash represents cash deposits held at financial institutions, which at times may exceed U.S. federally insured limits. The Company’s deposits are held at financial institutions with high credit-quality to minimize credit risk exposure. Cash equivalents consist of other highly liquid investments, such as money market funds, with original maturities of three months or less. Cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. The Company may invest in cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities or high-quality debt securities maturing in one year or less from the time of investment. 90
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Investments
The Company values its investments in accordance with FASB ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements (“ASC 820”), which defines fair value as the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the applicable measurement date. ASC 820 prioritizes the use of observable market prices derived from such prices over entity-specific inputs. The Company is required to report its investments for which current market values are not readily available at fair value. Due to the inherent uncertainties of valuation, certain estimated fair values may differ significantly from the values that would have been realized had a readily available market for these investments existed, and these differences could be material. See “Note 5. Fair Value Measurements.”
The Company’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”) has adopted valuation procedures for security valuation under which fair valuation responsibilities have been delegated to PGIM Investments LLC (“PGIM Investments,” the “Manager” or the “Valuation Designee”). Pursuant to the Board’s delegation, the Valuation Designee has established a valuation committee responsible for supervising the fair valuation of portfolio securities and other assets and liabilities. The valuation procedures permit the Company to utilize independent valuation advisor services.
The Valuation Designee will use reliable market quotations to value the Company’s investments when such market quotations are readily available. Debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or whose market price is not readily available or whose market quotations are not deemed to represent fair value are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by or under the direction of the Valuation Designee. Market quotations may be deemed not to represent fair value in certain circumstances where the Valuation Designee reasonably believes that facts and circumstances applicable to an issuer, a seller or purchaser or the market for a particular security causes current market quotes not to reflect the fair value of the security.
If and when market quotations are deemed not to represent fair value, the Company typically utilizes independent third party valuation firms to assist in determining fair value. Accordingly, such investments go through a multi-step valuation process as described below. The Valuation Designee engages one or more independent valuation firms based on a review of each firm’s expertise and relevant experience in valuing certain securities. In each case, independent valuation firms consider observable market inputs together with significant unobservable inputs in arriving at their valuation recommendations for such Level 3 categorized assets.
With respect to investments for which market quotations are not readily available or when such market quotations are deemed not to represent fair value, the Valuation Designee, subject to oversight by the Company’s Board, has approved a multi-step valuation process each month, as described below:
| ● | Valuation process begins with each portfolio company or investment being initially valued at cost. For Level 3 investments, the cost (purchase price adjusted for accreted original issue discount/amortized premium) or any recent comparable trade activity on the security investment shall be considered to reasonably approximate the fair value of the investment, provided that no material change has since occurred in the issuer’s business, significant inputs or the relevant environment. |
|---|---|
| ● | The Valuation Designee discusses valuations and determines in good faith the fair value of each investment in the portfolio based in part on information from an independent valuation firm that is provided on a monthly basis in conjunction with the determination of the Net Asset Value (“NAV”) per share each month. |
| --- | --- |
| ● | Valuation conclusions are discussed with and documented by the Valuation Designee, including whether a significant observable change has occurred since the most recent month-end with respect to an investment that requires an adjustment from the most recent monthly valuation. |
| --- | --- |
| ● | The Board reviews valuations approved by the Valuation Designee at least quarterly. |
| --- | --- |
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Table of Contents As part of the Company’s valuation process, the Valuation Designee will take into account relevant factors in determining the fair value of the Company’s investments without market quotations, many of which are loans, including and in combination, as relevant: (i) the estimated enterprise value of a portfolio company, (ii) the nature and realizable value of any collateral, (iii) the portfolio company’s ability to make payments based on its earnings and cash flow, (iv) the markets in which the portfolio company does business, (v) a comparison of the portfolio company’s securities to any similar publicly traded securities, and (vi) overall changes in the interest rate environment and the credit markets that may affect the price at which similar investments may be made in the future. The determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a readily available market for these non-traded securities existed. Due to this uncertainty, fair value determinations may cause NAV on a given date to materially differ from the value that may ultimately realize upon the sale of one or more of the investments.
The Board reviews the valuations of portfolio investments quarterly and, no less frequently than annually, the adequacy of policies and procedures regarding valuations and the effectiveness of their implementation.
Foreign Currency Translation
The books and records of the Company are maintained in U.S. dollars. Foreign currency amounts are translated into U.S. dollars on the following basis: (i) market value of investment securities, other assets and liabilities—at the exchange rate as of the valuation date; (ii) purchases and sales of investment securities, income and expenses—at the rates of exchange prevailing on the respective dates of such transactions.
Although the net assets of the Company are presented at the foreign exchange rates and market values at the close of the period, the Company does not generally isolate that portion of the results of operations arising as a result of changes in the foreign exchange rates from the fluctuations arising from changes in the market prices of long-term portfolio securities held at the end of the period. Similarly, the Company does not isolate the effect of changes in foreign exchange rates from the fluctuations arising from changes in the market prices of long-term portfolio securities sold during the period. Accordingly, holding period unrealized and realized foreign currency gains (losses) are included in the reported net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments and net realized gains (losses) on investment transactions on the Statements of Operations. Notwithstanding the above, the Company does isolate the effect of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates when determining the gain (loss) upon the sale or maturity of foreign currency denominated debt obligations; such amounts are included in net realized gains (losses) on foreign currency transactions.
Additionally, net realized gains (losses) on foreign currency transactions represent net foreign exchange gains (losses) from the disposition of holdings of foreign currencies, currency gains (losses) realized between the trade and settlement dates on investment transactions, and the difference between the amounts of interest, dividends and foreign withholding taxes recorded on the Company’s books and the U.S. dollar equivalent amounts actually received or paid. Net unrealized currency gains (losses) arise from valuing foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities (other than investments) at period end exchange rates.
Foreign Currency Transactions
Based on market conditions, the Company enters into foreign currency forward contracts (“forward contracts”) as a hedge against fluctuations in future foreign currency exchange rates. The Company may engage in foreign currency exchange transactions in connection with its investments in foreign instruments. The Company is not required to hedge its currency exposure, if any, and may choose not to do so. The Company generally will conduct its foreign currency exchange transactions either on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market or through forward contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies, including the payment of dividends and the settlement of transactions that otherwise might require untimely dispositions of Company investments.
The contracts are valued daily at current forward exchange rates and any unrealized gain (loss) is included in net unrealized appreciation or depreciation on forward contracts. Gain (loss) is realized on the settlement date of the contract equal to the difference between the settlement value of the original and negotiated forward contracts. This gain (loss), if any, is included in net realized gain (loss) on forward contract transactions. Risks may arise upon entering into these contracts from the potential inability of the counterparties to meet the terms of their contracts. Forward currency contracts involve risks from currency exchange rate and credit risk in excess of the amounts reflected on the Statements of Assets and Liabilities. The Company’s maximum risk of loss from counterparty credit risk is the net value of the cash flows to be received from the counterparty at the end of the contract’s life. 92
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Master Netting Arrangements
The Company is subject to various master agreements, or netting arrangements, with select counterparties. These are agreements which PGIM, Inc. (“PGIM” or the “Subadviser”) an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Financial, Inc. (“Prudential”), may have negotiated and entered into on behalf of the Company. A master netting arrangement between the Company and the counterparty permits the Company to offset amounts payable by the Company to the same counterparty against amounts to be received; and by the receipt of collateral from the counterparty by the Company to cover the Company’s exposure to the counterparty. However, there is no assurance that such mitigating factors are easily enforceable. In addition to master netting arrangements, the right to set-off exists when all the conditions are met such that each of the parties owes the other determinable amounts, the reporting party has the right to set-off the amount owed with the amount owed by the other party, the reporting party intends to set-off and the right of set-off is enforceable by law.
The Company is a party to International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. Master Agreements (“ISDA Master Agreements”) with certain counterparties that govern over-the-counter ("OTC”) derivative and foreign exchange contracts entered into from time to time. The ISDA Master Agreements may contain provisions regarding, among other things, the parties’ general obligations, representations, agreements, collateral requirements, events of default and early termination. With respect to certain counterparties, in accordance with the terms of the ISDA Master Agreements, collateral posted to the Company is held in a segregated account by the Company’s custodian and with respect to those amounts which can be sold or re-pledged, is presented in the Schedule of Investments. Collateral pledged by the Company is segregated by the Company’s custodian and identified in the Schedule of Investments, if any. Collateral can be in the form of cash or debt securities issued by the U.S. Government or related agencies or other securities as agreed to by the Company and the applicable counterparty. Collateral requirements are determined based on the Company’s net position with each counterparty. Termination events applicable to the Company may occur upon a decline in the Company’s net assets below a specified threshold over a certain period of time. Termination events applicable to counterparties may occur upon a decline in the counterparty’s long-term and short-term credit ratings below a specified level. In each case, upon occurrence, the other party may elect to terminate early and cause settlement of all derivative and foreign exchange contracts outstanding, including the payment of any losses and costs resulting from such early termination, as reasonably determined by the terminating party. Any decision by one or more of the Company’s counterparties to elect early termination could impact the Company’s future derivative activity.
Revenue Recognition
The Company records its investment transactions on a trade date basis, which is the date when the Company assumes the risks for gains and losses related to that investment. Realized gains and losses are based on the specific identification method.
Interest Income
Interest income is recorded on an accrual basis and includes the accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums. Discounts from and premiums to par value on debt investments purchased are accreted/amortized into interest income over the life of the respective security using the effective interest method. The amortized cost of debt investments represents the original cost, including original issue discount and upfront structuring fees (i.e., origination fees) received that are deemed to be an adjustment to yield, adjusted for the accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums, if any. Upon prepayment of a loan or debt security, any prepayment premiums, unamortized upfront loan origination fees and unamortized discounts are recorded as interest income in the current period. For the year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022, the Company recorded $8,558 and $45, respectively, in interest income.
Dividend Income
Dividend income on preferred equity securities is recorded on the accrual basis to the extent that such amounts are payable by the portfolio company and are expected to be collected. Dividend income on common equity securities is recorded on the record date for private portfolio companies or on the ex-dividend date for publicly-traded portfolio companies. For the year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022, the Company recorded $1,299 and $0, respectively, in dividend income. 93
Table of Contents Fee Income
The Company may receive various fees in the ordinary course of business such as for consents, waivers and amendments, as well as fees for managerial assistance rendered by the Company to the portfolio companies. Such fees are recognized as income when earned or the services are rendered. For the year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022, the Company recorded $108 and $0, respectively, in fee income.
Non-Accrual Income
Loans are generally placed on non-accrual status when there is reasonable doubt that principal or interest will be collected in full. Accrued interest is generally reversed when a loan is placed on non-accrual status. Additionally, any original issue discount and market discount are no longer accreted to interest income as of the date the loan is placed on non-accrual status. Interest payments received on non-accrual loans may be recognized as income or applied to principal depending upon management’s judgment regarding collectability. Non-accrual loans are restored to accrual status when past due principal and interest is paid current and, in the Subadviser’s judgment, are likely to remain current. The Subadviser may make exceptions to this treatment and determine to not place a loan on non-accrual status if the loan has sufficient collateral value and is in the process of collection.
Organizational and Offering Costs
The Manager has agreed to pay the Company’s organizational and offering expenses relating to the initial sale of Common Shares of beneficial interest, $0.001 par value per share (“Common Shares”) in the offering. The Company is not obligated to repay any such organizational and offering expenses paid by the Manager.
Deferred Debt Issuance Costs
Certain costs incurred in connection with the issuance of debt of the Company were capitalized and are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated life of the respective instruments.
Income Taxes
The Company elected to be regulated as a BDC under the 1940 Act effective May 5, 2023. The Company also intends to elect to be treated, and qualify annually, as a RIC under the Code commencing with its initial taxable year ended December 31, 2023. So long as the Company maintains its status as a RIC, it generally will not pay corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital gains that it distributes at least annually to its shareholders as dividends. Rather, any tax liability related to income earned and distributed by the Company would represent obligations of the Company’s investors and would not be reflected in the financial statements of the Company.
To qualify for and maintain qualification as a RIC, the Company must, among other things, meet certain source-of-income and asset diversification requirements. In addition, to qualify for RIC tax treatment, the Company must distribute to its shareholders, for each taxable year, at least 90% of the sum of (i) its “investment company taxable income” for that year (without regard to the deduction for dividends paid), which is generally its ordinary income plus the excess, if any, of its realized net short-term capital gains over its realized net long- term capital losses and (ii) its net tax-exempt income (if any).
In addition, based on the federal excise tax distribution requirements applicable to RICs, the Company is subject to a 4% nondeductible federal excise tax on undistributed income unless the Company distributes in a timely manner an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of its ordinary income for each calendar year, (2) 98.2% of capital gain net income (both long-term and short-term) for the one-year period ending October 31 in that calendar year and (3) any income or gain realized, but not distributed, in prior years. For this purpose, however, any ordinary income or capital gain net income retained by the Company and one which the Company paid corporate income tax is considered to have been distributed. The Company, at its discretion, may determine to carry forward taxable income or gain and pay the 4% excise tax on the amount by which it falls short of this calendar-year distribution requirement. If the Company chooses to do so, this generally will increase expenses and reduce the amount available to be distributed to shareholders. The Company will accrue excise tax on estimated undistributed taxable income and gain as required on an annual basis. 94
Table of Contents The Company evaluates tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing its financial statements to determine whether the tax positions are “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained by the applicable tax authority. Tax positions not deemed to meet the “more-likely-than-not” threshold are reserved and recorded as a tax benefit or expense in the current year. All penalties and interest associated with income taxes are included in income tax expense. Conclusions regarding tax positions are subject to review and may be adjusted at a later date based on factors including, but not limited to, on-going analyses of tax laws, regulations, and interpretations thereof. The Company has no material uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2023.
Allocation of Income, Expenses, Gains and Losses
Income, expenses (other than those attributable to a specific class), gains and losses are allocated to each class of shares based upon the net asset value of that class in relation to the net asset value of the Company. Expenses that are specific to a class of shares are allocated to such class directly.
Distributions
To the extent that the Company has taxable income available, the Company intends to make monthly distributions to its shareholders. Distributions to shareholders are recorded on the record date. All distributions will be paid at the discretion of the Board and will depend on Company earnings, financial condition, maintenance of tax treatment as a RIC, compliance with applicable BDC regulations and such other factors as the Board may deem relevant from time to time.
Capital gains, if any, are distributed at least annually, although the Company may decide to retain all or some of those capital gains for investment and pay U.S. federal income tax at corporate rates on those retained amounts. If the Company chooses to do so, this generally will increase expenses and reduce the amount available to be distributed to shareholders.
The Company has adopted a distribution reinvestment plan, pursuant to which all cash dividends declared by the Board on behalf of shareholders who do not elect to receive their dividends in cash a will be reinvested into additional shares of the Company. As a result, if the Board authorizes, and the Company declares, cash dividend or other distribution, then shareholders who have not opted out of the distribution reinvestment plan will have their cash distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares.
Note 3. Fees, Expenses, Agreements and Related Party Transactions
PGIM Investments LLC, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential and a registered investment adviser, is the Company’s investment manager (the “Manager” or “PGIM Investments”). The Manager has engaged the Subadviser, an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential, as the Company’s subadviser. PGIM will provide day-to-day management of the Company’s portfolio primarily through its dedicated private credit asset management business unit, PGIM Private Capital (“PPC”) although the Manager is permitted to allocate portions of the Company’s portfolio to any of the business units within PGIM.
The Company and the Manager have entered into a management agreement (the “Management Agreement”) pursuant to which the Manager is entitled to receive a base management fee and an incentive fee.
Management Fees
The Management Fee is payable monthly in arrears at an annual rate of 1.25% of the value of the Company’s net assets as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the applicable month. Prior to the Company’s election of BDC status, the management fee was contractually set to zero. Accordingly, no fee was accrued during that time. Following the Company's election of BDC status, net assets for the first applicable calendar month were measured from the date that the Company first publicly sold shares to a person or entity other than the Manager or its affiliates. Effective February 23, 2024, the Manager contractually agreed to waive its management fee in its entirety through December 31, 2024 (the “Waiver Period”). The Manager previously contractually agreed to waive its management fee in its entirety for one year from May 5, 2023, the effective date of the Company’s registration statement. Following the Waiver Period, the Manager will receive a management fee at an annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Company’s net assets.
For the year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022, the Company accrued management fees of $485 and $0, respectively, all of which was subject to waiver by the Manager. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were no management fees payable by the Company. 95
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Incentive Fees
The incentive fee consists of two components that are independent of each other, with the result that one component may be payable even if the other is not. A portion of the incentive fee is based on a percentage of the Company’s income and a portion is based on a percentage of the Company’s realized capital gains.
Incentive Fee Based on Income
“Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns” represents either the dollar value of, or percentage rate of return on the value of net assets at the end of the immediate preceding quarter from, interest income, dividend income and any other income (including any other fees (other than fees for providing managerial assistance), such as commitment, origination, structuring, diligence and consulting fees or other fees received from portfolio companies) accrued during the calendar quarter, minus operating expenses accrued for the quarter (including the management fee and any interest expense or fees on any credit facilities or outstanding debt and dividends paid on any issued and outstanding preferred Shares, but excluding the incentive fee and any shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees). Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns do not include any realized capital gains, realized capital losses or unrealized capital appreciation or depreciation. The impact of expense support payments and recoupments are also excluded from Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns. Shareholders may be charged a fee on an income amount that is higher than the income they may ultimately receive.
Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns, expressed as a rate of return on the value of the Company’s net assets at the end of the immediate preceding quarter, is compared to a “hurdle rate” of return of 1.25% per quarter (5.0% annualized).
The Company will pay the Manager an incentive fee quarterly in arrears with respect to the Company’s Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns in each calendar quarter as follows:
| ● | No incentive fee based on Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns in any calendar quarter in which the Company’s Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns do not exceed the hurdle rate of 1.25% (5.0% annualized); |
|---|---|
| ● | 100% of the dollar amount of the Company’s Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns with respect to that portion of such Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns, if any, that exceeds the hurdle rate but is less than a rate of return of 1.43% (5.72% annualized). This is referred to as Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns (which exceeds the hurdle rate but is less than 1.43%) as the “catch-up”. The “catch-up” is meant to provide the Manager with approximately 12.5% of our Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns as if a hurdle rate did not apply if this net investment income exceeds 1.43% in any calendar quarter; and |
| --- | --- |
| ● | 12.5% of the dollar amount of the Company’s Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns, if any, that exceed a rate of return of 1.43% (5.72% annualized). |
| --- | --- |
Incentive Fee Based on Capital Gains
The second component of the incentive fee, the capital gains incentive fee, is payable at the end of each calendar year in arrears. The amount payable equals:
| ● | 12.5% of cumulative realized capital gains from inception through the end of such calendar year, computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation on a cumulative basis, less the aggregate amount of any previously paid incentive fee on capital gains. |
|---|
The Manager has contractually agreed to waive its incentive fee in its entirety for the Waiver Period. The Manager previously contractually agreed to waive its incentive fee in its entirety for one year from May 5, 2023, the effective date of the Company’s registration statement. Prior to the Company’s election of BDC status, the incentive fee was contractually set to zero. Accordingly, no fee was incurred during that time.
For the year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022, the Company accrued income based incentive fees of $608 and $0, respectively, all of which were subject to waiver by the Manager. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were no incentive fees payable by the Company. 96
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Sub-Advisory Fee
Pursuant to the subadvisory agreement between the Manager and the Subadviser (the “Subadvisory Agreement”), the Subadvisor will receive an annual subadvisory fee, payable monthly in arrears by the Manager at an annual rate of 1.00% of the value of the Company’s net assets within the direct lending portion of the portfolio managed by the Subadviser as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the applicable month. For the first calendar month, net assets will be measured as the date that the Company first publicly sells shares to a person or entity other than the Manager or its affiliates. In addition, the Manager will pay the Subadviser a fee in the amount of 75% of the incentive fee received by the Manager from the Company pursuant to the Management Agreement. No subadvisory fee or incentive fee will be paid by the Company directly to the Subadviser.
The Subadviser has contractually agreed to waive its portion of the management fees and incentive fees in their entirety for the Waiver Period. The Subadviser previously contractually agreed to waive its portion of the management fees and incentive fees in their entirety for one year from May 5, 2023, the effective date of the Company’s registration statement. Prior to the Company’s election of BDC status, the subadvisory fee was contractually set to zero. Accordingly, no subadvisory fee was payable by the Manager to the Subadviser for the year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022.
Under the Subadvisory Agreement, the Subadviser, subject to the supervision of the Manager, is responsible for managing the assets of the Company in accordance with the Company’s investment objective, investment program, and policies. The Subadviser determines what private credit and other instruments are purchased and sold for the Company and is responsible for obtaining and evaluating financial data relevant to the Company. The Manager continues to have responsibility for all investment advisory services pursuant to the Management Agreement and supervises the Subadviser’s performance of such services.
Intermediary Manager Agreement
The Company entered into an intermediary manager agreement with Prudential Investment Management Services, LLC (“PIMS” or the “Distributor”), an affiliate of the Manager, who will be principal underwriter and distributor of the Company’s Common Shares. The Distributor will be entitled to receive shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees with respect to the Class S and Class D Shares on an annualized basis as a percentage of the NAV for such class, subject to the inception of each class. The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees will be paid monthly in arrears at an annual rate of 0.85% and 0.25% for Class S and D respectively, calculated using the NAV of the applicable class as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the month. No distribution and/or shareholder servicing fees will be paid with respect to Class I. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company accrued servicing and/or distribution fees of less than $500 which were attributable to Class S and Class D Shares, respectively. For the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022, the Company did not accrue servicing and/or distribution fees.
Plan Administrator
Prudential Mutual Company Services LLC (“PMFS” or the “Plan Administrator”) serves as the transfer and dividend disbursing agent of the Company. PMFS provides customary transfer agency services to the Company, including the handling of shareholder communications, the processing of shareholder transactions, the maintenance of shareholder account records, the payment of dividends and distributions, and related functions. PMFS is an affiliate of the Manager.
SS&C GIDS, Inc., a corporation organized in the state of Delaware serves as the sub-transfer agent of the Company. 97
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Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement
Pursuant to an expense limitation and reimbursement agreement by and among the Company and the Manager, for three years from May 5, 2023, the effective date of the Company’s registration statement (the “ELRA Period”), the Manager has contractually agreed to waive its fees and/or reimburse expenses of the Company so that the Company’s Specified Expenses (as defined below) will not exceed 0.50% of net assets (annualized). The Company has agreed to repay these amounts, when and if requested by the Manager, but only if and to the extent that Specified Expenses are less than 0.50% of net assets (annualized) (or, if a lower expense limit is then in effect, such lower limit) within three years after the date the Manager waived or reimbursed such fees or expenses. This arrangement cannot be terminated without the consent of the Company’s Board prior to the end of the ELRA Period. “Specified Expenses” includes all expenses incurred in the business of the Company, including organizational and offering costs (excluding the organizational and offering expenses relating to the initial sale of Class S, Class D and Class I Common Shares), with the following exceptions: (i) the management fee, (ii) the incentive fee, (iii) the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee, (iv) brokerage costs or other investment-related out-of-pocket expenses, (v) dividend/interest payments (including any dividend payments, interest expenses, commitment fees, or other expenses related to any leverage incurred by the Company), (vi) taxes, and (vii) extraordinary expenses (as determined in the sole discretion of the Manager). Prior to the Company’s election of BDC status, the Manager agreed to voluntarily enact the above-described expense limitation. Accordingly, such expense reimbursement is reflected on the Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022.
The following table represents a summary of Expense Payments and the related Reimbursement Payments since the Company’s commencement of operations:
| | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Expense Payments by | | Reimbursement | Unreimbursed Expense | ||||
| Quarters Ended | | Adviser | | Payments to Adviser | Payments | ||||
| December 31, 2022 | | $ | 89 | | $ | — | | $ | 89 |
| March 31, 2023 | | 78 | | — | | 78 | |||
| June 30, 2023 | | 285 | | — | | 285 | |||
| September 30, 2023 | | 1,029 | | — | | 1,029 | |||
| December 31, 2023 | | 1,227 | | — | | 1,227 | |||
| | | $ | 2,708 | | $ | — | | $ | 2,708 |
PGIM Investments, PGIM, PIMS, PMFS, and PPC are indirect, wholly-owned subsidiaries of Prudential. 98
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Investment Transactions with Affiliates
The Company’s existing investments were acquired with proceeds from purchases of the Company’s Class I Shares by PGIM Strategic Investments, Inc. Select investments, as footnoted in the Schedule of Investments, were purchased from the parent company of PGIM Strategic Investments, Inc. while the Company operated as a private fund. All other existing investments were originated with the portfolio company. For the investments purchased, the Company engaged an independent third-party valuation firm to assist in determining the fair value of these investments in accordance with the Company’s valuation procedures. For more information regarding the Company’s valuation procedures see “Note 2. Accounting Policies.” Investments were purchased from the parent company of PGIM Strategic Investments, Inc. on the below dates with aggregate fair values as follows:
| | | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Date | **** | Fair Value (in thousands) | |
| March 13, 2023 | | $ | 22,206 |
| March 28, 2023 | | | 1,622 |
| March 31, 2023 | | | 1,843 |
Co-Investment Relief
The Company has received exemptive relief that allows the Company to co-invest in certain transactions with certain affiliates of the Manager. The relief permits us, among other things, to co-invest with certain other persons, including certain affiliates of the Manager and certain funds managed and controlled by the Manager and its affiliates, subject to certain terms and conditions. Pursuant to such order, the Company’s Board has established criteria (“Board Criteria”) clearly defining co-investment opportunities in which the Company will have the opportunity to participate with one or more other public or private PPC funds and managed accounts that target similar assets. If an investment falls within the Board Criteria, PPC must offer an opportunity for the Company to participate. The Company may participate or may not participate, depending on whether PPC determines that the investment is appropriate for the Company (e.g., based on investment strategy). If PPC determines that such investment is not appropriate for us, the investment will not be allocated to us, but PPC will be required to report such investment and the rationale for its determination for us to not participate in the investment to the Board at the next quarterly Board meeting.
Note 4. Investments
As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the composition of the Company’s investment portfolio at cost and fair value was as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | December 31, 2023 | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | Percentage of | **** |
| | | | | | | | | Total Investments | **** |
| | | Cost | **** | Fair value | **** | at Fair Value | **** | ||
| First Lien Debt | | $ | 100,588 | | $ | 101,019 | 100.00 | % | |
| Total | | $ | 100,588 | | $ | 101,019 | **** | 100.00 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | December 31, 2022 | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | Percentage of | **** |
| | | | | | | | | Total Investments | **** |
| | | Cost | **** | Fair value | **** | at Fair Value | **** | ||
| First Lien Debt | | $ | 8,486 | | $ | 8,486 | 100.00 | % | |
| Total | | $ | 8,486 | | $ | 8,486 | **** | 100.00 | % |
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Table of Contents As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the industry composition of investments at fair value was as follows:
| | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | December 31, 2023 | **** | December 31, 2022 | **** |
| Chemicals | | 18.48 | % | — | % |
| Construction & Engineering | 12.81 | % | 75.32 | % | |
| Professional Services | | 8.61 | % | — | % |
| Media | | 8.10 | % | — | % |
| Trading Companies & Distributors | 7.22 | % | — | % | |
| Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components | 6.74 | % | — | % | |
| Containers & Packaging | | 6.58 | % | — | % |
| Commercial Services & Supplies | 5.19 | % | — | % | |
| Health Care Providers & Services | 4.87 | % | — | % | |
| IT Services | 3.58 | % | — | % | |
| Beverages | 2.93 | % | — | % | |
| IT Consulting & Other Services | 2.76 | % | — | % | |
| Business Services | 2.15 | % | 24.68 | % | |
| Gas Utilities | | 1.89 | % | — | % |
| Human Resource & Employment Services | 1.84 | % | — | % | |
| Software | | 1.61 | % | — | % |
| Health Care Equipment | | 1.56 | % | — | % |
| Pharmaceuticals | | 1.41 | % | — | % |
| Environmental & Facilities Services | 1.09 | % | — | % | |
| Distributors | | 0.58 | % | — | % |
| Total | **** | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % |
As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the geographic composition of investments at cost and fair value was as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | December 31, 2023 | | ||||||
| | | | | | | | | % of Total | |
| | | | | | | | | Investments at | |
| Country | **** | Cost | **** | Fair Value | **** | Fair Value | | ||
| United States | | $ | 85,299 | | $ | 85,523 | | 84.66 | % |
| United Kingdom | | | 9,051 | | | 9,191 | | 9.10 | |
| Australia | | 1,191 | | 1,214 | | 1.20 | % | ||
| France | | | 5,047 | | | 5,091 | | 5.04 | % |
| Total | | $ | 100,588 | | $ | 101,019 | | 100.00 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | December 31, 2022 | | ||||||
| | | | | | | | | % of Total | |
| | | | | | | | | Investments at | |
| Country | **** | Cost | **** | Fair Value | **** | Fair Value | | ||
| United States | | $ | 8,486 | | $ | 8,486 | | 100.00 | % |
| Total | | $ | 8,486 | | $ | 8,486 | | 100.00 | % |
As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, no loans in the portfolio were on non-accrual status.
As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, on a fair value basis, all performing debt investments bore interest at a floating rate.
Note 5. Fair Value Measurements
The Company holds securities and other assets and liabilities that are fair valued on a monthly basis. The Company’s investments are valued monthly based on a number of factors, such as the type of investment. 100
Table of Contents Various inputs determine how the Company’s investments are valued, all of which are categorized according to the three broad levels (Level 1, 2, or 3) detailed below and referred to herein as the “fair value hierarchy” in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 820 - Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures. In the event that unobservable inputs are used when determining such valuations, the securities will be classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Altering one or more unobservable inputs may result in a significant change to a Level 3 security’s fair value measurement.
Such inputs are summarized in the three broad levels listed below.
| ● | Level 1—unadjusted quoted prices generally in active markets for identical securities. |
|---|---|
| ● | Level 2—quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates and yield curves, prepayment speeds, foreign currency exchange rates and other observable inputs. |
| --- | --- |
| ● | Level 3—unobservable inputs for securities valued in accordance with Board approved fair valuation procedures. |
| --- | --- |
The level of an asset or liability within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
The Company’s private credit investments’ fair valuations are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Such fair values are typically determined by utilizing the income approach and discounted cash flow methodology. When an enterprise value analysis or asset collateral analysis indicates there is sufficient coverage through the subject debt security, an income approach with a yield analysis is generally considered the most appropriate method to estimate fair value. In performing a yield analysis, the annual cash flows that a subject security is expected to generate over its remaining estimated holding period are first estimated. Projected cash flows are then converted to their present value equivalent utilizing a rate of return commensurate with the risk of achieving the cash flows, which results at an estimate of fair value. The discount rate can be derived considering the rate of return implied by the original transaction, adjusted for changes in both market spreads and credit-specific factors. Consistent with industry practices, the income approach incorporates subjective judgments regarding the capitalization or discount rate and projections of future cash flows.
Newly acquired private credit investments may initially be valued at cost. Each private credit investment will then be valued monthly by an independent valuation advisor utilizing the methodology described above.
The following is a summary of the inputs used as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 in valuing such financial instruments (dollar amounts in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||
| Assets | | Level 1 | **** | Level 2 | **** | Level 3 | **** | Total | ||||
| First Lien Debt | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 101,019 | | $ | 101,019 |
| Cash Equivalents | | 14,052 | | — | | — | | 14,052 | ||||
| Total | | $ | 14,052 | | $ | — | | $ | 101,019 | | $ | 115,071 |
| Unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on OTC forward foreign currency exchange contracts* | | $ | — | | $ | (282) | | $ | — | | $ | (282) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||
| Assets | | Level 1 | **** | Level 2 | **** | Level 3 | **** | Total | ||||
| First Lien Debt | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 8,486 | | $ | 8,486 |
| Cash Equivalents | | 3,218 | | — | | — | | 3,218 | ||||
| Total | | $ | 3,218 | | $ | — | | $ | 8,486 | | $ | 11,704 |
| Unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on OTC forward foreign currency exchange contracts* | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — |
| * | Represents derivative instruments not reflected in the Schedule of Investments, which are recorded at the unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on the instrument. | |||||||||||
| --- | --- |
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Table of Contents The following table presents the change in the fair value of financial instruments for which Level 3 inputs were used to determine the fair value (dollar amounts in thousands):
| | | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | | |
| | | First Lien | |
| | | Debt - Total Investments | |
| | | Year | |
| | | Ended | |
| | **** | December 31, 2023 | |
| Fair value, beginning of period | | $ | 8,486 |
| Purchases of investments | | 98,912 | |
| Proceeds from principal repayments | | (7,331) | |
| Accretion of discount/amortization of premium | | 519 | |
| Net realized gain (loss) | | 2 | |
| Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) | | 431 | |
| Fair value, end of period | | $ | 101,019 |
| Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in earnings related to financial instruments still held as of December 31, 2023 | | $ | 431 |
| | | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | First Lien | |
| | | Debt - Total Investments | |
| | | For the period from December 13, 2022 | |
| | | (commencement of operations) through | |
| | | December 31, 2022 | |
| Fair value, beginning of period | | $ | — |
| Purchases of investments | | 8,484 | |
| Proceeds from principal repayments | | — | |
| Accretion of discount/amortization of premium | | 2 | |
| Net realized gain (loss) | | — | |
| Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) | | — | |
| Fair value, end of period | | $ | 8,486 |
| Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in earnings related to financial instruments still held as of December 31, 2022 | | $ | — |
The following tables present quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs of the Company’s Level 3 financial instruments. The table is not intended to be all-inclusive but instead captures the significant unobservable inputs relevant to the Company’s determination of fair value (dollar amounts in thousands).
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | Fair Value as of | **** | | **** | | Range | Directional Impact | |||
| | | December 31, | **** | Valuation Approach/ | **** | Unobservable | | (Weighted | | on Fair Value | |
| | | 2023^(1)^ | | Methodology | | Input(s) | | Average)* | | from Input Increase** | |
| Assets: | | ||||||||||
| First Lien Debt | | $ | 79,088 | | Income/Discounted Cash Flow | | Discount Rate | | 10.31% - 13.89%<br>(12.03%) | | Decrease |
| * | Represents the weighted average of each significant unobservable input range at the investment level by fair value. | ||||||||||
| --- | --- | ||||||||||
| ** | Represents the directional change in the fair value of the Level 3 investments that would result in an increase from the corresponding unobservable input. A decrease to the unobservable input would have the opposite effect. Altering one or more unobservable inputs may result in a significant change to a Level 3 security’s fair value measurement. | ||||||||||
| --- | --- | ||||||||||
| (1) | As of December 31, 2023, included within the fair value of Level 3 assets of $101,019 is an amount of $21,931 for which the Adviser did not develop the unobservable inputs (examples include recent transaction prices). As of December 31, 2022, included within the fair value of Level 3 assets of $8,486 is an amount of $8,486 for which the Adviser did not develop the unobservable inputs (examples include recent transaction prices). | ||||||||||
| --- | --- |
The Company invested in derivative instruments during the reporting period. The primary type of risk associated with these derivative instruments is foreign exchange contracts risk. See “Note 2. Accounting Policies” for additional detail regarding these derivative instruments and their risks. The effect of such derivative instruments on the Company’s financial position and financial performance as reflected in the Statements of Assets and Liabilities and Statements of Operations is presented in the summary below. 102
Table of Contents Fair value of derivative instruments as of December 31, 2023 as presented in the Statements of Assets and Liabilities (dollar amounts in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asset Derivatives | Liability Derivatives | |||||||||
| Derivative not | **** | | | | | | | | | |
| accounted for as | | Statement of Assets | | | | | Statement of Assets | | | |
| hedging instruments, | | and Liabilities | | Fair | | and Liabilities | | Fair | ||
| carried at fair value | | | **** | Value | **** | Location | **** | Value | ||
| Foreign exchange contracts | | Unrealized appreciation on OTC forward foreign currency exchange contracts | | $ | — | | Unrealized depreciation on OTC forward foreign currency exchange contracts | | $ | 282 |
The effects of derivative instruments on the Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2023 are as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):
| | | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amount of Realized Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Recognized in Income | |||
| Derivatives not accounted for as hedging instruments, carried at fair value | Foreign currency exchange contract | ||
| | Year Ended | ||
| | | December 31, 2023 | |
| Foreign exchange contracts | | $ | 61 |
| Total | | $ | 61 |
| | | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) on Derivatives Recognized in Income | |||
| Derivatives not accounted for as hedging instruments, carried at fair value | Foreign currency exchange contract | ||
| | Year Ended | ||
| | | December 31, 2023 | |
| Foreign exchange contracts | | $ | (282) |
| Total | | $ | (282) |
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company’s average volume of derivative activities is as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):
| | | |
|---|---|---|
| | **** | Average Volume of Derivative Activities* |
| | | Year Ended |
| Derivative Contract Type | | December 31, 2023 |
| Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts - Sold ^(1)^ | 4,274 | |
| * | Average volume is based on average quarter end balance as noted for the year ended December 31, 2023. | |
| --- | --- | |
| (1) | Value at Settlement Date | |
| --- | --- |
Financial Instruments/Transactions—Summary of Offsetting and Netting Arrangements
The Company invested in OTC derivatives during the reporting period that are either offset in accordance with current requirements or are subject to enforceable master netting arrangements or similar agreements that permit offsetting. The information about offsetting and related netting arrangements for OTC derivatives where the legal right to set-off exists is presented in the summary below.
Offsetting of OTC derivative assets and liabilities (dollar amounts in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | Gross Amounts of | **** | Gross Amounts of | **** | Net Amounts of | **** | | | **** | | | |||
| | | Recognized | | Recognized | | Recognized | | Collateral | | | | ||||
| Counterparty | | Assets^(1)^ | | Liabilities^(1)^ | | Assets/(Liabilities) | | Pledged/(Received)^(2)^ | | Net Amount | |||||
| Macquarie Bank Limited | | $ | — | | $ | (282) | | $ | (282) | | $ | — | | $ | (282) |
| | | $ | — | | $ | (282) | | $ | (282) | | $ | — | | $ | (282) |
| (1) | Includes unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) on forwards as represented on the Statement of Assets and Liabilities. | ||||||||||||||
| --- | --- | ||||||||||||||
| (2) | Collateral amount disclosed by the Company is limited to the Company’s OTC derivative exposure by counterparty. | ||||||||||||||
| --- | --- |
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Note 6. Borrowings
On October 30, 2023, the Company, entered into a senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) with Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation. The Revolving Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of the assets in the Company’s portfolio, including cash and cash equivalents. The stated interest rate on the Revolving Credit Facility is determined pursuant to a formula-based calculation based on the gross borrowing base at the time, resulting in a stated interest rate, depending on the type of borrowing, of either (a) Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate plus a 10 basis point credit spread adjustment and an applicable margin equal to 2.125% per annum or 2.25% per annum, or (b) Alternate Base Rate plus a 10 basis point credit spread adjustment and an applicable margin equal to 1.125% per annum or 1.25% per annum in respect of USD borrowings and comparable rates in respect of non-USD borrowings.
The initial principal amount of the Revolving Credit Facility is $150 million. The Revolving Credit Facility has an accordion feature, subject to the satisfaction of various conditions, which could bring total commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility to up to $350 million. All amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility must be repaid by the date that is five years after the closing date of the Revolving Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2023, there was no borrowing on the Credit Facility.
The Company is permitted, under specified conditions, to issue multiple classes of indebtedness and one class of Shares senior to the Common Shares if asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, would at least equal 150% immediately after each such issuance. On November 8, 2022, the Company’s sole shareholder approved the adoption of this 150% threshold pursuant to Section 61(a)(2) of the 1940 Act and such election became effective the following day. In addition, while any senior securities remain outstanding, the Company will be required to make provisions to prohibit any dividend distribution to shareholders or the repurchase of such securities or Shares unless the Company meets the applicable asset coverage ratios at the time of the dividend distribution or repurchase. The Company also may be permitted to borrow amounts up to 5% of the value of the total assets for temporary or emergency purposes, which borrowings would not be considered senior securities.
The components of total interest expense were as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):
| | | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | Year Ended | |
| | | December 31, 2023 | |
| Borrowings interest expense | $ | — | |
| Facility unused fee | | 99 | |
| Amortization of financing costs and debt issuance costs | | 41 | |
| Total interest expense | | $ | 140 |
| Average debt borrowings | | $ | — |
Note 7. Commitments and Contingencies
The Company’s investment portfolio contains debt investments which are in the form of lines of credit or delayed draw commitments, which requires the Company to provide funding when requested by portfolio companies in accordance with underlying loan agreements. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had unfunded delayed draw term loans and revolvers in the aggregate principal amount of $13,523 and $1,745, respectively.
In the normal course of business, the Company may enter into contracts that provide a variety of general indemnifications. Any exposure to the Company under these arrangements could involve future claims that may be made against the Company. Currently, no such claims exist or are expected to arise and, accordingly, the Company has not accrued any liability in connection with such indemnifications.
From time to time, the Company may be involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. As of December 31, 2023, the Company was not involved in any material legal proceedings.
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Table of Contents Note 8. Capital
The Company is offering on a continuous basis its Common Shares. The Company intends to offer any combination of three classes of Common Shares—Class I Shares, Class S Shares and Class D Shares—with a dollar value up to the maximum offering amount. The share classes have different ongoing shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees. The purchase price per share for each class of Common Shares will equal the Company’s NAV per share, as of the effective date of the monthly share purchase date. This is a “best efforts” offering, which means that PIMS will use its best efforts to sell Shares, but is not obligated to purchase or sell any specific amount of Shares in this offering.
In November 2023, PGIM Strategic Investments, Inc. transferred beneficial ownership of Class I Common Shares to PICA. As of December 31, 2023, the Company has 4,322,364, 382 and 382 of Class I, Class S and Class D Shares issued and outstanding, respectively, all of which is 99.9% owned by PICA.
The following table summarizes transactions with respect to the Company’s Common Shares during the year ended December 31, 2023 (dollars in thousands except share amounts):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | December 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||
| | | Class I | | Class S | | Class D | |||||||||
| | **** | Shares | **** | Amount | **** | Shares | **** | Amount | **** | Shares | **** | Amount | |||
| Shares/gross proceeds from the continuous public offerings | 3,818,777 | | $ | 97,425 | 382 | | $ | 10 | 382 | | $ | 10 | |||
| Shares/gross proceeds from the private placements | — | | — | — | | — | — | | — | ||||||
| Share transfers between classes | — | | — | — | | — | — | | — | ||||||
| Reinvestment of distribution | 35,487 | | 964 | — | | — | — | | — | ||||||
| Repurchased Shares | — | | — | — | | — | — | | — | ||||||
| Net Increase (decrease) | **** | 3,854,264 | | $ | 98,389 | **** | 382 | | $ | 10 | **** | 382 | | $ | 10 |
Net Asset Value per Share
The Company determines NAV for each class of Shares each month as of the last day of each calendar month. Share issuances related to monthly subscriptions are effective the first calendar day of each month. Shares are issued at an offering price equivalent to the most recent NAV per share available for each share class, which will be the prior calendar day NAV per share (i.e., the prior month-end NAV). The following table presents each month-end NAV per share for Class I, Class S and Class D Common Shares during the year ended December 31, 2023:
| | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | NAV Per Share | |||||||
| For the Months Ended | **** | Class I | **** | Class S* | **** | Class D* | |||
| January 2023 | | $ | 25.31 | | $ | — | | $ | — |
| February 2023 | | | 25.46 | | | — | | | — |
| March 2023 | | | 25.61 | | | — | | | — |
| April 2023 | | | 25.75 | | | — | | | — |
| May 2023 | | | 25.98 | | | — | | | — |
| June 2023 | | | 26.20 | | | — | | | — |
| July 2023 | | | 26.43 | | | 26.42 | | | 26.43 |
| August 2023 | | | 26.68 | | | 26.65 | | | 26.68 |
| September 2023 | | | 26.92 | | | 26.87 | | | 26.91 |
| October 2023 | | | 27.17 | | | 27.10 | | | 27.16 |
| November 2023 | | | 27.18 | | | 27.32 | | | 27.39 |
| December 2023 | | | 24.68 | | | 25.13 | | | 25.13 |
* Class S and Class D Shares commenced operations on July 3, 2023. 105
Table of Contents The following table presents each month-end NAV per share for Class I Common Shares for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022:
| | | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | NAV Per Share | |
| For the Months Ended | **** | Class I | |
| December 2022 | | $ | 25.09 |
Distributions
To the extent that the Company has taxable income available, the Company intends to make monthly distributions to its shareholders. Distributions to shareholders are recorded on the record date. All distributions will be paid at the discretion of the Board and will depend on Company earnings, financial condition, maintenance of tax treatment as a RIC, compliance with applicable BDC regulations and such other factors as the Board may deem relevant from time to time.
Capital gains, if any, are distributed at least annually, although the Company may decide to retain all or some of those capital gains for investment and pay U.S. federal income tax at corporate rates on those retained amounts. If the Company chooses to do so, this generally will increase expenses and reduce the amount available to be distributed to shareholders.
The Board authorizes and declares monthly distribution amounts per share of Class I, Class S and Class D Common Shares. The following tables summarize the Company’s distributions declared during the year ended December 31, 2023 (dollar amounts in thousands except per share):
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | | | Class I | |||||||
| Declaration Date | **** | Record Date | **** | Payment Date | **** | Distribution Per Share | **** | Distribution Amount | |||
| November 27, 2023 | | November 30, 2023 | | December 20, 2023 | | $ | 0.22500 | | $ | 964 | |
| December 22, 2023 | | December 29, 2023 | | January 20, 2024 | | $ | 0.22500 | | $ | 973 | |
| December 22, 2023 | | December 29, 2023 | | January 20, 2024 | | $ | 2.57225 | | $ | 11,118 | ^(1)^ |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | | | Class S | |||||||
| Declaration Date | **** | Record Date | **** | Payment Date | **** | Distribution Per Share | **** | Distribution Amount | |||
| December 22, 2023 | | December 29, 2023 | | January 20, 2024 | | $ | 0.20680 | | $ | — | ^*^ |
| December 22, 2023 | | December 29, 2023 | | January 20, 2024 | | $ | 2.26391 | | $ | 1 | ^(1)^ |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | | | Class D | |||||||
| Declaration Date | **** | Record Date | **** | Payment Date | **** | Distribution Per Share | **** | Distribution Amount | |||
| December 22, 2023 | | December 29, 2023 | | January 20, 2024 | | $ | 0.22100 | | $ | — | ^*^ |
| December 22, 2023 | | December 29, 2023 | | January 20, 2024 | | $ | 2.32949 | | $ | 1 | ^(1)^ |
| (1) | Represents a special distribution. | ||||||||||
| --- | --- | ||||||||||
| * | Less than $500 | ||||||||||
| --- | --- |
Distribution Reinvestment Plan
The Company has adopted a distribution reinvestment plan, pursuant to which all cash dividends declared by the Board on behalf of shareholders who do not elect to receive their dividends in cash as provided below will be reinvested into additional Shares of the Company. As a result, if the Board authorizes, and the Company declares, a cash dividend or other distribution, then shareholders who have not opted out of the distribution reinvestment plan will have their cash distributions automatically reinvested in additional Shares as described below, rather than receiving the cash dividend or other distribution. Distributions on fractional Shares will be credited to each participating shareholder’s account to three decimal places.
The following table reflects the Shares issued pursuant to the dividend reinvestment for the period ended December 31, 2023:
| | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Class I | ||||||
| Declaration Date | **** | Record Date | **** | Payment Date | **** | Shares Issued |
| November 27, 2023 | | November 30, 2023 | | December 20, 2023 | 35,487 |
106
Table of Contents As of December 31, 2023, no Common Shares were issued pursuant to the distribution reinvestment plan for the Class S and Class D.
Character of Distributions
The Company may fund its cash distributions to shareholders from any sources of funds available to us, including borrowings, subscription proceeds from Shares in the Company, net investment income from operations, capital gains proceeds from the sale of assets, non-capital gains proceeds from the sale of assets, dividends or other distributions paid to us on account of investments in portfolio companies and fee and expense reimbursement waivers from the Manager, if any.
Sources of distributions, other than net investment income and realized gains on a U.S. GAAP basis, include required adjustments to U.S. GAAP net investment income in the current period to determine taxable income available for distributions. The following tables present the sources of cash distributions on a U.S. GAAP basis that the Company has declared on its Shares of Common Shares during the year ended December 31, 2023 (dollar amounts in thousands except per share):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | Class I | **** | Class S | Class D | |||||||||||||
| Source of Distribution | **** | Per Share | **** | Amount | **** | Per Share | **** | Amount | **** | Per Share | **** | Amount | ||||||
| Net investment income | | $ | 3.02 | | $ | 13,055 | | $ | 2.47 | | $ | 1 | | $ | 2.55 | | $ | 1 |
| Net realized gains | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — |
| Distributions in excess of net investment income | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — |
Share Repurchase Program
Beginning in the first quarter of 2024, the Company expects to provide liquidity through a quarterly repurchase program pursuant to which it will offer to repurchase, in each quarter, up to 5% of its Common Shares outstanding (either by number of Shares or aggregate NAV) as of the close of the previous calendar quarter. The Board may amend or suspend the share repurchase program at any time if in its reasonable judgment it deems such action to be in the Company’s best interest and the best interest of the Company’s shareholders, such as when a repurchase offer would place an undue burden on the Company’s liquidity, adversely affect the Company’s operations or risk having an adverse impact on the Company that would outweigh the benefit of the repurchase offer. As a result, share repurchases may not be available each quarter. The Company intends to conduct such repurchase offers in accordance with the requirements of Rule 13e-4 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and Section 23 (c) of the 1940 Act. All Shares purchased by the Company pursuant to the terms of each tender offer will be retired and thereafter will be authorized and unissued Shares. Any repurchases of the Manager’s and affiliate shares will be on the same terms and subject to the same limitations as other shareholders.
Under the Company’s share repurchase program, to the extent the Company offers to repurchase Shares in any particular quarter, the Company expects to repurchase Shares pursuant to quarterly tender offers (such date of the offer, the “Repurchase Date”) using a purchase price equal to the NAV per share as of the last calendar day of the applicable quarter, except that Shares that have not been outstanding for at least one year will be subject to the Early Repurchase Deduction. The one-year holding period is measured as of the subscription closing date immediately following the prospective Repurchase Date. The Early Repurchase Deduction may be waived in the case of repurchase requests arising from the death, divorce or qualified disability of the holder. The Early Repurchase Deduction will be retained by the Company for the benefit of remaining shareholders.
As of December 31, 2023, no Common Shares were repurchased because the Company has not commenced its share repurchase program. 107
Table of Contents Note 9. Financial Highlights
The following are the financial highlights for the year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022:
| | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | | | **** | For the period from | **** | |
| | | | | | December 13, **** 2022 | | |
| | | | | | (commencement of | | |
| | | For the Year **** Ended | | Operations) through | | ||
| | | December 31, **** 2023 | | December 31, **** 2022 | **** | ||
| | | Class **** I | | Class **** I | **** | ||
| Per Share Operating Performance:^(1)^ | | | | | |||
| Net asset value, beginning of period | | $ | 25.09 | | $ | 25.00 | |
| Income from investment operations: | | | | | | ||
| Net investment income^(2)^ | | 2.64 | | 0.09 | | ||
| Net realized and unrealized gains (losses)^(3)^ | | (0.03) | | — | | ||
| Net increase (decrease) in net investment operations | | 2.61 | | 0.09 | | ||
| Distributions declared: | | | | | | | |
| From net investment income^(8)^ | | | (1.93) | | | — | |
| Tax return of capital distributions^(8)^ | | | (1.09) | | | — | |
| Total distributions declared | | | (3.02) | | | — | |
| Total increase (decrease) in net assets | | | (0.41) | | | 0.09 | |
| Net asset value, end of period | | $ | 24.68 | | $ | 25.09 | |
| Total Return^(4)^ | | | 10.42 | % | | 0.36 | % |
| Ratios and supplemental data: | | | | | | ||
| Net assets, end of period (000’s) | | $ | 106,679 | | $ | 11,745 | |
| Average number of common shares outstanding, end of period | | | 3,560,564 | | | 468,100 | |
| Ratio of gross expenses to average net assets | | 4.72 | % | 7.30 | %^(5)^ | ||
| Ratio of waivers to average net assets | | (4.11) | % | (6.80) | %^(5)^ | ||
| Ratio of net expenses to average net assets | | 0.61 | %^(7)^ | 0.50 | %^(5)^ | ||
| Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets | | 10.34 | % | 6.92 | %^(5)^ | ||
| Portfolio turnover rate^(6)^ | | 11.53 | % | — | % | ||
| (1) | Selected data for a Net Asset Value per Share outstanding throughout the period. | ||||||
| --- | --- | ||||||
| (2) | Calculated based on average Shares outstanding during the period. | ||||||
| --- | --- | ||||||
| (3) | The per share amount of realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments does not directly correlate to the amounts reported in the Statement of Operations due to the timing of portfolio share transactions in relation to fluctuating market values. | ||||||
| --- | --- | ||||||
| (4) | Total return based on net asset value calculated as the change in Net Asset Value per Share during the respective periods, assuming distributions, if any, are reinvested on the effects of the performance of the Company during the period. | ||||||
| --- | --- | ||||||
| (5) | Annualized, with the exception of certain non-recurring expenses. | ||||||
| --- | --- | ||||||
| (6) | The Company’s portfolio turnover rate is calculated in accordance with regulatory requirements, without regard to transactions involving short – term investments and certain derivatives. If such transactions were included, the Company’s portfolio turnover rate may be higher. | ||||||
| --- | --- | ||||||
| (7) | Includes interest expense from the Revolving Credit Facility of 0.11% which is being excluded from the Company's contractual waiver for the year ended December 31, 2023. | ||||||
| --- | --- | ||||||
| (8) | The per share data for distributions was derived by using the shares outstanding at period end. | ||||||
| --- | --- |
108
Table of Contents
| | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | July 3, 2023 ^(6)^ through | **** | |
| | | December 31, **** 2023 | **** | |
| | | Class **** S | **** | |
| Per Share Operating Performance:^(1)^ | | | ||
| Net asset value, beginning of period | | $ | 26.20 | |
| Income from investment operations: | | | | |
| Net investment income^(2)^ | | 1.38 | | |
| Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) | | 0.02 | | |
| Net increase (decrease) in net investment operations | | 1.40 | | |
| Distributions declared: | | | | |
| From net investment income^(8)^ | | | (1.38) | |
| Tax return of capital distributions^(8)^ | | | (1.09) | |
| Total distributions declared | | | (2.47) | |
| Total increase (decrease) in net assets | | | (1.07) | |
| Net asset value, end of period | | $ | 25.13 | |
| Total Return^(3)^ | | 5.35 | % | |
| Ratios and supplemental data: | | | | |
| Net assets, end of period (000’s) | | $ | 10 | |
| Average number of common shares outstanding, end of period | | 382 | | |
| Ratio of gross expenses to average net assets | | 561.98 | %^(4)^ | |
| Ratio of waivers to average net assets | | (560.45) | %^(4)^ | |
| Ratio of net expenses to average net assets | | 1.53 | %^(4)(7)^ | |
| Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets | | 10.44 | %^(4)^ | |
| Portfolio turnover rate^(5)^ | | | 11.53 | % |
| (1) | Selected data for a Net Asset Value per Share outstanding throughout the period. | |||
| --- | --- | |||
| (2) | Calculated based on average Shares outstanding during the period. | |||
| --- | --- | |||
| (3) | Total return does not consider the effects of sales loads, if any. Total return based on net asset value calculated as the change in Net Asset Value per Share during the respective periods, assuming distributions, if any, are reinvested on the effects of the performance of the Company during the period. | |||
| --- | --- | |||
| (4) | Annualized, with the exception of certain non-recurring expenses. | |||
| --- | --- | |||
| (5) | The Company’s portfolio turnover rate is calculated in accordance with regulatory requirements, without regard to transactions involving short-term investments and certain derivatives. If such transactions were included, the Company’s portfolio turnover rate may be higher. | |||
| --- | --- | |||
| (6) | Class S commenced operation on July 3, 2023. | |||
| --- | --- | |||
| (7) | Includes interest expense from the Revolving Credit Facility of 0.18% which is being excluded from the Company's contractual waiver for the year ended December 31, 2023. | |||
| --- | --- | |||
| (8) | The per share data for distributions was derived by using the shares outstanding at period end. | |||
| --- | --- |
109
Table of Contents
| | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | July 3, 2023 ^(6)^ through | **** | |
| | | December 31, 2023 | **** | |
| | | Class D | **** | |
| Per Share Operating Performance:^(1)^ | | | ||
| Net asset value, beginning of period | | $ | 26.20 | |
| Income from investment operations: | | | | |
| Net investment income^(2)^ | | 1.46 | | |
| Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) | | 0.02 | | |
| Net increase (decrease) in net investment operations | | 1.48 | | |
| Distributions declared: | | | | |
| From net investment income^(8)^ | | | (1.46) | |
| Tax return of capital distributions^(8)^ | | | (1.09) | |
| Total distributions declared | | | (2.55) | |
| Total increase (decrease) in net assets | | | (1.07) | |
| Net asset value, end of period | | $ | 25.13 | |
| Total Return^(3)^ | | | 5.65 | % |
| Ratios and supplemental data: | | | | |
| Net assets, end of period (000’s) | | $ | 10 | |
| Average number of common shares outstanding, end of period | | | 382 | |
| Ratio of gross expenses to average net assets | | 560.78 | %^(4)^ | |
| Ratio of waivers to average net assets | | (559.85) | %^(4)^ | |
| Ratio of net expenses to average net assets | | 0.93 | %^(4)(7)^ | |
| Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets | | | 11.04 | %^(4)^ |
| Portfolio turnover rate^(5)^ | | 11.53 | % | |
| (1) | Selected data for a Net Asset Value per Share outstanding throughout the period. | |||
| --- | --- | |||
| (2) | Calculated based on average Shares outstanding during the period. | |||
| --- | --- | |||
| (3) | Total return does not consider the effects of sales loads, if any. Total return based on net asset value calculated as the change in Net Asset Value per Share during the respective periods, assuming distributions, if any, are reinvested on the effects of the performance of the Company during the period. | |||
| --- | --- | |||
| (4) | Annualized, with the exception of certain non-recurring expenses. | |||
| --- | --- | |||
| (5) | The Company’s portfolio turnover rate is calculated in accordance with regulatory requirements, without regard to transactions involving short-term investments and certain derivatives. If such transactions were included, the Company’s portfolio turnover rate may be higher. | |||
| --- | --- | |||
| (6) | Class D commenced operation on July 3, 2023. | |||
| --- | --- | |||
| (7) | Includes interest expense from the Revolving Credit Facility of 0.18% which is being excluded from the Company's contractual waiver for the year ended December 31, 2023. | |||
| --- | --- |
(8)The per share data for distributions was derived by using the shares outstanding at period end.
Note 10. Income Tax
The Company intends to elect to be treated, and qualify annually, as a RIC under the Code commencing with its initial taxable year ended December 31, 2023.
The Company will file income tax returns in U.S. federal and any applicable state and local jurisdictions. The Company’s federal income tax return is generally subject to examination for a period of three fiscal years after being filed. State and local tax returns may be subject to examination for an additional period of time depending on the jurisdiction. Management has analyzed the Company’s tax positions taken for the open tax year and has concluded that no provision for income tax is required in the Company’s financial statements. 110
Table of Contents GAAP requires that certain components of net assets be adjusted to reflect permanent differences between financial and tax reporting. These reclassifications have no effect on net assets or net asset values per share. As of December 31, 2023, the following permanent difference attributable to reversing pre-RIC election income and gain (loss) was reclassified to the following accounts (dollar amounts in thousands).
| | | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | Year Ended December 31, 2023 | |
| Distributable earnings/(accumulated losses) | | $ | (1,210) |
| Paid In capital in excess of par | | 1,210 |
The tax character of distributions paid were as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):
| | | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | Year Ended December 31, 2023 | |
| Ordinary income | $ | 8,350 | |
| Capital gains | | — | |
| Return of capital | | 4,707 | |
| Total Distributions | | $ | 13,057 |
The components of accumulated gains/losses as calculated on a tax basis for the taxable year ended December 31, 2023 as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):
| | | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | Year Ended December 31, 2023 | |
| Undistributed ordinary income | $ | — | |
| Undistributed long-term capital gains | | — | |
| Accumulated capital and other losses | | (348) | |
| Unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) | | 433 | |
| Other Temporary Differences | | — | |
| Total accumulated earnings (losses) - Net | | $ | 85 |
The cost and unrealized gain (loss) of the Company’s investments, as calculated on a tax basis, at December 31, 2023 as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):
| | | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| | **** | Year Ended December 31, 2023 | |
| Gross unrealized appreciation | $ | 504 | |
| Gross unrealized depreciation | | (73) | |
| Net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) | | $ | 431 |
| | | | |
| Tax cost of investments | | $ | 114,358 |
The differences between GAAP and tax basis were primarily attributable to mark-to-market of forwards contracts and other GAAP to tax differences.
The Company elected to treat the below losses as having been incurred in the following year (December 31, 2024) (dollar amounts in thousands).
| | | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Qualified Late Year Loss | $ | 348 | |
| Post-October Capital Loss | | — |
The Company is subject to a 4% nondeductible federal excise tax on undistributed income unless the Company distributes in a timely manner for each calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of its ordinary income for the calendar year, (2) 98.2% of capital gain net income (both long-term and short-term) for the one-year period ending October 31 in that calendar year and (3) any income or gain realized, but not distributed, in prior years. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company did not incur any excise tax expense.
111
Table of Contents Note 11. Subsequent Events
The Company’s management evaluated subsequent events through the date of issuance of the financial statements. There have been no subsequent events that occurred during such period that would require disclosure in, or would be required to be recognized in, the financial statements as of December 31, 2023, except as discussed below.
On January 24, 2024, the Company declared a distribution of $0.22500 per Class I Share, $0.20680 per Class S Share, and $0.22100 per Class D Share which was paid on February 27, 2024 to shareholders of record as of January 31, 2024.
On February 23, 2024, the Company declared a distribution of $0.22500 per Class I Share, $0.20680 per Class S Share, and $0.22100 per Class D Share which is payable on March 27, 2024 to shareholders of record as of February 29, 2024.
On March 22, 2024, the Company declared a distribution of $0.22500 per Class I Share, $0.20680 per Class S Share, and $0.22100 per Class D Share which is payable on April 26, 2024 to shareholders of record as of March 28, 2024.
On February 23, 2024, the Manager contractually agreed to waive its management fees and incentive fees in their entirety through December 31, 2024. The Manager previously contractually agreed to waive its management fees and incentive fees in their entirety for one year from May 5, 2023, the effective date of the Company’s registration statement. The Manager pays a portion of the management fees and incentive fees it receives from the Company to the Subadviser. No advisory fees are paid by the Company directly to the Subadviser. The Subadviser has also contractually agreed to waive its portion of the management fees and incentive fees in their entirety through December 31, 2024 and previously contractually agreed to waive its management fees and incentive fees in their entirety for one year from May 5, 2023, the effective date of the Company’s registration statement.
112
Table of Contents Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.
Item 9A. Control and Procedures
| (a) | Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures |
|---|
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that are designed to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports filed or submitted by us under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurances of achieving the desired control objectives. In accordance with Rules 13a-15(b) and 15d-15(b) of the Exchange Act, we, under the supervision and with the participation of our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K and determined that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. However, in evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, we, including the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, recognize that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of such possible controls and procedures.
| (b) | Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting |
|---|
This Annual Report on Form 10-K does not include a report of management’s assessment regarding internal control over financial reporting or an attestation report of the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm due to a transition period established by rules of the SEC for newly public companies.
(c)Changes in Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B. Other In for ma tion .
On December 14, 2023, the Board approved proposals that would amend the Declaration of Trust, the Amended and Restated Bylaws (the “Bylaws”), the Management Agreement and the Subadvisory Agreement (collectively, the “Amended Agreements”) upon the registration of Common Shares for sale in each state. The Board determined that the amendments included in the Amended Agreements were in the best interest of the Company. On March 22, 2024, the Company received the written consent of PICA, which as of the date thereof, owned 99.4% of the outstanding Common Shares of the Company, to approve the Management Agreement and the Subadvisory Agreement. The Amended Agreements, each of which are effective as of March 22, 2024, were primarily amended at the request of state securities regulators in connection with the registration of the Common Shares for sale in each state. 113
Table of Contents Second Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust
The amendments included in the Declaration of Trust, among other things, (i) require the Company to hold an annual shareholder meeting, (ii) divide the Company’s Board into three classes with staggered terms of office, (iii) add information regarding special shareholder meetings, which had previously been included in the Company’s Bylaws, (iv) increase the minimum number of required Trustees from one to three, (v) require that any Trustee appointed by the Board to fill a vacancy be approved by the Company’s shareholders at the next annual meeting, (vi) remove a provision that required at least ten percent of the outstanding shares of the Company to join a shareholder in order to bring a derivative action on behalf of the Company, (vii) remove certain conditions under which a shareholder may bring a derivative action under state securities laws, (viii) add a fiduciary duty to certain determinations made by the Board, (ix) require a majority of the outstanding shares of the Company to approve a merger, reorganization or consolidation of the Company, (x) remove provisions allowing the Trustees to pay themselves special compensation, (xi) require the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Company for any amendment to the Bylaws that adversely affects the voting rights of the Company’s shareholders, (xii) require notice to be provided to the Company’s shareholders in connection with the Manager’s termination of the Management Agreement, (xiii) remove a provision stating that the appointment, designation or identification of a Trustee as a chairman of the Board, a member or chair of a committee of the Trustees, an expert on any topic or in any area (including an audit committee financial expert), or the lead independent Trustee, or any other special appointment, designation or identification of a Trustee, does not impose on that person any standard of care or liability that is greater than that imposed on that person as a Trustee in the absence of the appointment, designation or identification and (xiv) remove a provision that no Trustee who has special skills or expertise, or is appointed, designated or identified as such, shall be held to a higher standard of care.
Amended and Restated Bylaws
The amendments included in the Bylaws, among other things, (i) require annual shareholder meetings, (ii) provide that any action permitted to be taken at a meeting of shareholders may be taken without a meeting by unanimous consent, (iii) remove information regarding special shareholder meetings, and (iv) require any Trustee appointed by the Board to fill a vacancy to be approved by the Company’s shareholders at the next annual meeting.
Amended and Restated Investment Management Agreement
The amendments included in the Management Agreement, among other things, (i) lower the indemnification and liability standards of the Manager from gross negligence to simple negligence, (ii) provide that the Company’s shareholders be given notice of the Manager’s termination of the Management Agreement, (iii) change the notice period to be provided by the Manager to the Company and its shareholders in the event of the Manager’s termination of the Management Agreement to 120 days, (iv) remove certain expenses that were previously included as expenses to be paid by the Company and (v) clarify certain expenses to be paid by the Manager.
Amended and Restated Investment Subadvisory Agreement
The amendments included in the Subadvisory Agreement, among other things, lower the indemnification and liability standards of the Subadviser from gross negligence to simple negligence.
The foregoing descriptions of the Amended Agreements do not purport to be complete and are qualified in their entirety by reference to copies of the Declaration of Trust, the Bylaws, the form of Management Agreement and the form of Subadvisory Agreement, which are filed as Exhibits 3.2, 3.3, 10.2 and 10.4, respectively, to this Annual Report on Form 10-K and which are incorporated by reference herein.
Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.
None.
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Table of Contents PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
Management
Our business and affairs are managed under the direction of our Board. The Board is classified, with respect to the time for which members of the Board severally hold office, into three classes—Class I, Class II and Class III—as nearly equal in number as reasonably possible, with the Trustees in each Class to hold office until their successors are elected and qualified. Each Trustee holds office for the term for which he or she is elected and until his or her successor is elected and qualified. The term “qualify” is used in the Declaration of Trust and bylaws to describe when a Trustee qualifies to be seated as a Trustee. As such term is currently used, a nominee for election as a Trustee would qualify if such nominee accepts the nomination. Pursuant to the Company’s bylaws, any Trustee nominated for re-election who fails to receive the requisite vote for re-election at an annual meeting of shareholders, and whose successor has neither been elected nor qualified, shall retain his or her position and shall remain a member of the relevant class of Trustees, holding office until the next annual meeting of shareholders. At each succeeding annual meeting of shareholders, the successors to the Class of Trustees whose terms expire at that meeting shall be elected to hold office for terms expiring at the later of the annual meeting of shareholders held in the third year following the year of their election or the election and qualification of their successors. The responsibilities of the Board include, among other things, the oversight of our investment activities, the oversight of the monthly valuation of our assets, oversight of our financing arrangements and corporate governance activities. Our Board consists of four members, three of whom are not “interested persons” of the Company or of the Manager as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act as determined by the Board in accordance with the standards set forth in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act. Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act defines an “interested person” to include, among other things, any person who has, or within the last two years had, a material business or profession relationship with the Company or the Manager. We refer to these individuals as our Independent Trustees. In determining independence, the Board, among other matters, reviews completed Trustee due diligence questionnaires and conducts interviews and background checks, as appropriate. Our Board elects our executive officers, who serve at the discretion of the Board.
Currently, (i) Scott E. Benjamin and Morris L. McNair, III are designated as Class I Trustees for a term expiring on the date of the first annual meeting of shareholders, (ii) Thomas M. Turpin is designated as a Class II Trustee for a term expiring on the date of the second annual meeting of shareholders and (iii) Mary Lee Schneider is designated as a Class III Trustee for a term expiring on the date of the third annual meeting of shareholders.
Trustees
| | | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name^(1)^ | **** | Year of Birth | **** | Position(s) |
| Independent Trustees^(2)^ | | | | |
| Morris L. McNair, III | | 1968 | | Trustee |
| Mary Lee Schneider | | 1962 | | Trustee |
| Thomas M. Turpin | | 1960 | | Trustee |
| Interested Trustee | | | | |
| Scott E. Benjamin | | 1973 | | Trustee & Vice President |
| (1) | The address for each trustee is c/o PGIM Private Credit Fund, 655 Broad Street, Newark, NJ 07102 4410 |
|---|---|
| (2) | “Interested person” of the Company as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act. Mr. Benjamin is an “interested person” because of his affiliation with PGIM Investments. |
| --- | --- |
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Table of Contents Executive Officers Who are Not Trustees
| | | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name^(1)^ | **** | Year of Birth | **** | Position(s) |
| Stuart S. Parker | | 1962 | | President and Principal Executive Officer |
| Claudia DiGiacomo | | 1974 | | Chief Legal Officer |
| Andrew Donohue | | 1972 | | Chief Compliance Officer |
| Andrew R. French | | 1962 | | Secretary |
| Melissa Gonzalez | | 1980 | | Assistant Secretary |
| Patrick E. McGuinness | | 1986 | | Assistant Secretary |
| Debra Rubano | | 1975 | | Assistant Secretary |
| George Hoyt | | 1965 | | Assistant Secretary |
| Devan Goolsby | | 1991 | | Assistant Secretary |
| Kelly A. Coyne | | 1968 | | Assistant Secretary |
| Christian J. Kelly | | 1975 | | Chief Financial Officer |
| Elyse M. McLaughlin | | 1974 | | Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer |
| Robert W. McCormack | | 1973 | | Assistant Treasurer |
| Russ Shupak | | 1973 | | Assistant Treasurer |
Biographical Information
Our Trustees have been divided into two groups—interested Trustees and independent Trustees. An interested Trustee is an “interested persons” as defined in the 1940 Act.
Independent Trustees
Morris L. McNair, III. Mr. McNair has served as the Chairman of SG Credit Partners, Inc. (lower middle market lender) since August 2019 and the Chief Executive Officer of MidMark Financial Group, Inc. (specialty finance business) since February 2019. Formerly, Mr. McNair was the Founding Partner of Virgo Investment Group (middle-market opportunistic private equity fund) (2010–2019); an Investment Professional at Silver Point Capital (2007–2009); Senior Managing Director at CIT (2001–2007); Vice President at Wachovia’s Corporate Banking Group (1993–2001). Mr. McNair has also held several directorships, including at Lease Corporation of America (2013–2022), Stonegate Capital (Co-Chairman) (2017–2019), AgResource Management/Agrifund (Chairman) (2016–2019), NOW Account Network Corporation (2014–2019), HPF Service (Chairman) (2013–2019), Zippy Shell Incorporated (Chairman) (2015–2018) and Ygrene Energy Fund (2014–2018). Mr. McNair also serves as a Director/Trustee for PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc. (2022-Present), PGIM Credit Income Fund (2023-Present) and PGIM Rock ETF Trust (2023-Present).
Mary Lee Schneider. Formerly, Ms. Schneider was President & Chief Executive Officer of SG360° (direct marketing communications) (2015–2018), President & Chief Executive Officer of Follett Corp. (PreK-12 Educational Technology & Services) (2012–2015); President, Digital Solutions & Chief Technology Officer for RR Donnelley (communications company for marketing, commercial printing and related services) (1992–2012) and worked at McGraw Hill’s Business Week Magazine (1987–1992) and Time Warner (1985–1987). Ms. Schneider has also held several directorship, including as an Independent Director at SGS & Co. (a global brand agency) (2023-Present), an Independent Director at the Larry H. Miller Company (holding company comprised of real estate, healthcare, sports/ entertainment and technology investments) (2015-Present), a Trustee at Penn State University’s Board of Trustees (2015-Present), a Member at Penn State Investment Council and a Member/Co-Chair, Mercy Home for Boys & Girls’ Leader Council (since 2014-Present). Ms. Schneider also serves as a Director/Trustee for PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc. (2022-Present), PGIM Credit Income Fund (2023-Present) and PGIM Rock ETF Trust (2023-Present).
Thomas M. Turpin. Formerly, Mr. Turpin was Chief Operating Officer at Heitman LLC (global real estate investment firm) (2013–2018); Chief Operating Officer and Chief Executive Officer of Old Mutual US Asset Management (institutional and retail asset management business) (2002–2010); Managing Director and Head of Defined Contribution Plans, Putnam (2000–2001); Managing Director and Chief Administrative Officer of the Institutional, Retail and Defined Contributions Business. Mr. Turpin also held positions at Putnam Investments (1993-1999) and The Boston Company (now part of BNY Mellon) (1982–1993). Mr. Turpin has also held several directorships, including as Director, Old Mutual Asset Management Trust Co. (2009–2010), Trustee, Old Mutual Advisors Fund II (2008–2010), and Board Member of numerous investment boutiques majority owned by Old Mutual Asset Management (2004–2010). Mr. Turpin also serves as a Director/Trustee for PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc. (2022-Present), PGIM Credit Income Fund (2023-Present) and PGIM Rock ETF Trust (2023-Present).
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Table of Contents Interested Trustees
Scott E. Benjamin, Trustee & Vice President. Mr. Benjamin serves as Executive Vice President (since May 2009) of PGIM Investments LLC; Vice President (since June 2012) of Prudential Investment Management Services LLC; Executive Vice President (since September 2009) of AST Investment Services, Inc.; Senior Vice President of Global Product Management and Marketing, PGIM Investments (since February 2006); Vice President (since September 2023) of the PGIM Credit Income Fund and PGIM Rock ETF Trust; Vice President (since March 2022) of the PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc.; and Vice President (since September 2022) of the PGIM Private Credit Fund. Formerly, Mr. Benjamin served as Vice President of Product Development and Product Management, PGIM Investments LLC (2003–2006). Mr. Benjamin also serves as a Director/Trustee for PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc. (2022-Present), PGIM Credit Income Fund (2023-Present) and PGIM Rock ETF Trust (2023-Present).
Executive Officers Who Are Not Trustees
Stuart S. Parker, President and Principal Executive Officer. Mr. Parker serves as President, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Operating Officer and Officer in Charge of PGIM Investments LLC (formerly known as Prudential Investments LLC) (since January 2012); President and Principal Executive Officer (PEO) (since September 2023) of the PGIM Credit Income Fund and PGIM Rock ETF Trust; President and Principal Executive Officer (PEO) (since March 2022) of the PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc.; and President and Principal Executive Officer (PEO) (since September 2022) of PGIM Private Credit Fund. Formerly, Mr. Parker served as Chief Operating Officer for PGIM Investments LLC (January 2012- January 2024), Executive Vice President of Jennison Associates LLC and Head of Retail Distribution of PGIM Investments LLC (June 2005–December 2011) and on the Investment Company Institute - Board of Governors (since May 2012).
Claudia DiGiacomo, Chief Legal Officer. Ms. DiGiacomo serves as Chief Legal Officer, Executive Vice President and Secretary of PGIM Investments LLC (since August 2020); Chief Legal Officer of Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC (since August 2020); Chief Legal Officer of PIFM Holdco, LLC (since August 2020); Chief Legal Officer (since September 2023) of the PGIM Credit Income Fund and PGIM Rock ETF Trust; Chief Legal Officer (since September 2022) of the PGIM Private Credit Fund, Chief Legal Officer (since July 2022) of the PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc.; Vice President and Corporate Counsel (since January 2005) of Prudential; and Corporate Counsel of AST Investment Services, Inc. (since August 2020). Formerly, Ms. DiGiacomo was Vice President and Assistant Secretary of PGIM Investments LLC (2005-2020) and an Associate at Sidley Austin Brown & Wood LLP (1999-2004).
Andrew Donohue, Chief Compliance Officer. Mr. Donohue serves as Chief Compliance Officer (since May 2023) of the PGIM Funds, Target Funds, PGIM ETF Trust, PGIM Global High Yield Fund, Inc., PGIM High Yield Bond Fund, Inc., PGIM Short Duration High Yield Opportunities Fund, Advanced Series Trust, The Prudential Series Fund, Prudential’s Gibraltar Fund, Inc., PGIM Private Credit Fund, PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc.; Vice President, Chief Compliance Officer of PGIM Investments LLC (since September 2022); Chief Compliance Officer (since September 2023) of the PGIM Credit Income Fund and PGIM Rock ETF Trust; Chief Compliance Officer of AST Investment Services, Inc. (since October 2022). Formerly, Mr. Donohue held various senior compliance roles within Principal Global Investors, LLC., global asset management for Principal Financial (2011-2022), most recently as Global Chief Compliance Officer (2016-2022).
Andrew R. French, Secretary. Mr. French serves as Vice President (since December 2018) of PGIM Investments LLC; Secretary (since September 2023) of the PGIM Credit Income Fund and PGIM Rock ETF Trust; Secretary (since September 2022) of the PGIM Private Credit Fund; Secretary (since March 2022) of the PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc. Formerly, Mr. French served as Vice President and Corporate Counsel (2010-2018) of Prudential; Director and Corporate Counsel (2006-2010) of Prudential; Vice President and Assistant Secretary (since January 2007) of PGIM Investments LLC and Vice President and Assistant Secretary (since January 2007) of Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC.
Melissa Gonzalez, Assistant Secretary. Vice President and Corporate Counsel (since September 2018) of Prudential; Vice President and Assistant Secretary (since August 2020) of PGIM Investments LLC; Assistant Secretary (since September 2023) of the PGIM Credit Income Fund and the PGIM Rock ETF Trust; Assistant Secretary (since September 2022) of the PGIM Private Credit Fund; Assistant Secretary (since March 2022) of the PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc.; formerly Director and Corporate Counsel (March 2014-September 2018) of Prudential.
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Patrick E. McGuinness, Assistant Secretary. Vice President and Assistant Secretary (since August 2020) of PGIM Investments LLC; Director and Corporate Counsel (since February 2017) of Prudential; Assistant Secretary (since September 2023) of the PGIM Credit Income Fund and the PGIM Rock ETF Trust; Assistant Secretary (since September 2022) of the PGIM Private Credit Fund; Assistant Secretary (since March 2022) of the PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc.
Debra Rubano, Assistant Secretary. Vice President and Corporate Counsel (since November 2020) of Prudential; Assistant Secretary (since September 2023) of the PGIM Credit Income Fund and the PGIM Rock ETF Trust; Assistant Secretary (since September 2022) of the PGIM Private Credit Fund; Assistant Secretary (since March 2022) of the PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc; formerly Director and Senior Counsel of Allianz Global Investors U.S. Holdings LLC (2010-2020) and Assistant Secretary of numerous funds in the Allianz fund complex (2015-2020).
George Hoyt, Assistant Secretary. Vice President and Corporate Counsel of Prudential (since September 2023); Assistant Secretary (since September 2023) of the PGIM Rock ETF Trust, PGIM Credit Income Fund, PGIM Private Credit Fund and PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc.; formerly Associate General Counsel of Franklin Templeton and Secretary and Chief Legal Officer of certain funds in the Franklin Templeton complex (2020-2023) and Managing Director (2016-2020) and Associate General Counsel for Legg Mason, Inc. and its predecessors (2004-2020).
Devan Goolsby, Assistant Secretary. Vice President and Corporate Counsel of Prudential (since May 2023); Assistant Secretary (since September 2023) of the PGIM Rock ETF Trust, PGIM Credit Income Fund, PGIM Private Credit Fund and PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc.; formerly Associate at Eversheds Sutherland (US) LLP (2021-2023); Compliance Officer at Bloomberg LP (2019-2021); and an Examiner at the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (2015-2019).
Kelly A. Coyne, Assistant Secretary. Director, Investment Operations of Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC (since 2010); Assistant Secretary (since September 2023) of the PGIM Credit Income Fund; Assistant Secretary (since September 2022) of the PGIM Private Credit Fund; Assistant Secretary (since March 2022) of the PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc.
Christian J. Kelly, Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Kelly serves as Vice President, Global Head of Fund Administration of PGIM Investments LLC (since November 2018); Chief Financial Officer and Principal Financial Officer (since March 2023) of PGIM Investments mutual funds, closed end funds and ETFs, Advanced Series Trust Portfolios, Prudential Series Funds and Prudential Gibraltar Fund; Chief Financial Officer of PGIM Credit Income Fund and PGIM Rock ETF Trust (since September 2023); Chief Financial Officer of PGIM Private Credit Fund (since September 2022) and Chief Financial Officer of PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc. (since July 2022). Formerly, Mr. Kelly served as Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer (January 2019-March 2023) of PGIM Investments mutual funds, closed end funds and ETFs, Advanced Series Trust Portfolios, Prudential Series Funds and Prudential Gibraltar Fund; formerly Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer (March 2022 - July 2022) of the PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc.; formerly Director of Fund Administration of Lord Abbett & Co. LLC (2009-2018), Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer of the Lord Abbett Family of Funds (2017-2018); Director of Accounting, Avenue Capital Group (2008-2009) and Senior Manager, Investment Management Practice of Deloitte & Touche LLP (1998-2007).
Elyse M. McLaughlin, Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer. Ms. McLaughlin serves as Vice President (since 2017) within PGIM Investments Fund Administration; Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer of the Advanced Series Trust, the Prudential Series Fund and the Prudential’s Gibraltar Fund, Inc. (since March 2023); Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer (since September 2023) of the PGIM Rock ETF Trust; Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer (since September 2022) of the PGIM Private Credit Fund; Assistant Treasurer (since September 2023) of the PGIM Credit Income Fund; Assistant Treasurer (since March 2022) of the PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc.; and Assistant Treasurer of PGIM Investments mutual funds, closed end funds and PGIM ETF Trust (since October 2019). Formerly, Ms. McLaughlin served as Director (2011-2017) within PGIM Investments Fund Administration.
Robert W. McCormack, Assistant Treasurer. Vice President (since 2019) within PGIM Investments Fund Administration; Assistant Treasurer (since March 2023) of PGIM Investments mutual funds, closed end funds, PGIM ETF Trust, Advanced Series Trust Portfolios, Prudential Series Funds and Prudential Gibraltar Fund, Inc.; Assistant Treasurer (since September 2023) of the PGIM Credit Income Fund and the PGIM Rock ETF Trust; Assistant Treasurer (since September 2022) of the PGIM Private Credit Fund; Assistant Treasurer (since March 2022) of the PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc.; formerly Director (2016-2019) within PGIM Investments Fund Administration; formerly Vice President within Goldman, Sachs & Co. Investment Management Controllers (2008-2016), Assistant Treasurer of Goldman Sachs Family of Funds (2015-2016).
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Russ Shupak, Assistant Treasurer. Vice President (since 2017) within PGIM Investments Fund Administration; Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer of PGIM Investments mutual funds, closed end funds and PGIM ETF Trust (since March 2023); Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer (since September 2023) of the PGIM Credit Income Fund; Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer (since July 2022) of the PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc.; Assistant Treasurer (since September 2023) of the PGIM Rock ETF Trust; Assistant Treasurer (since September 2022) of the PGIM Private Credit Fund; formerly Assistant Treasurer (March 2022 – July 2022) of the PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc.; Assistant Treasurer of Advanced Series Trust Portfolios, Prudential Series Funds and Prudential’s Gibraltar Fund, Inc. (since October 2019); formerly director (2013-2017) within PGIM Investments Fund Administration.
Corporate Governance
Board Leadership Structure
Our business and affairs are managed under the direction of our Board. Among other things, our Board sets broad policies for us and approves the appointment of our investment adviser, administrator and officers. The role of our Board, and of any individual Trustee, is one of oversight and not of management of our day-to-day affairs.
Under the Company’s bylaws, its Board may designate one of its Trustees as chair to preside over meetings of our Board and meetings of shareholders, and to perform such other duties as may be assigned to him or her by the Company’s Board. The Board has appointed Thomas M. Turpin to serve in the role of chairperson of the Board. The chairperson’s role is to preside at all meetings of the Board and to act as a liaison with the Manager, counsel and other Trustees generally between meetings. The chairperson serves as a key point person for dealings between management and the Trustees. The chairperson also may perform such other functions as may be delegated by the Board from time to time. The Board reviews matters related to its leadership structure annually. The Board has determined that its leadership structure is appropriate because it allows the Board to exercise informed and independent judgment over the matters under its purview and it allocates areas of responsibility among committees of Trustees and the full board in a manner that enhances effective oversight.
The Company’s Board believes that its leadership structure is the optimal structure for us at this time. The Board, which will review its leadership structure periodically as part of its annual self-assessment process, further believes that its structure is presently appropriate to enable it to exercise its oversight of the Company.
Board Role in Risk Oversight
The Board performs its risk oversight function primarily through (i) its standing committees, which report to the entire Board and are comprised solely of Independent Trustees, and (ii) active monitoring of our chief compliance officer and our compliance policies and procedures. Oversight of other risks is delegated to the committees.
Oversight of our investment activities extends to oversight of the risk management processes employed by the Subadviser as part of their day-to-day management of the Company’s investment activities. The Board anticipates reviewing risk management processes at both regular and special board meetings throughout the year, consulting with appropriate representatives of the Subadviser as necessary and periodically requesting the production of risk management reports or presentations. The goal of the Board’s risk oversight function is to ensure that the risks associated with the Company’s investment activities are accurately identified, thoroughly investigated and responsibly addressed. Investors should note, however, that the Board’s oversight function cannot eliminate all risks or ensure that particular events do not adversely affect the value of investments.
The Company believes that the role of its Board in risk oversight is effective and appropriate given the extensive regulation to which the Company is already subject as a BDC. As a BDC, the Company is required to comply with certain regulatory requirements that control the levels of risk in its business and operations. For example, the Company is limited in its ability to enter into transactions with its affiliates, including investing in any portfolio company in which one of its affiliates currently has an investment.
Committees of the Board of Trustees
Our Board currently has two committees: an audit committee and a nominating and governance committee. The audit committee and nominating and governance committee are comprised solely of Independent Trustees. We do not have a compensation committee because our executive officers do not receive any direct compensation from us.
Audit Committee. The audit committee operates pursuant to a charter approved by our Board. The charter sets forth the responsibilities of the audit committee. The primary function of the audit committee is to serve as an independent and objective party to
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Table of Contents assist the Board in selecting, engaging and discharging our independent accountants, reviewing the plans, scope and results of the audit engagement with our independent accountants, approving professional services provided by our independent accountants (including compensation therefore), reviewing the independence of our independent accountants and reviewing the adequacy of our internal controls over financial reporting. The audit committee is presently composed of three persons, including Morris L. McNair, III, Mary Lee Schneider and Thomas M. Turpin, all of whom are considered independent for purposes of the 1940 Act. Morris L. McNair, III serves as the chair of the audit Committee. Our Board has determined that Morris L. McNair, III qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined in Item 407 of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act. Each of the members of the audit committee meet the independence requirements of Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act and, in addition, is not an “interested person” of the Company or of the Manager as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act.
A copy of the charter of the audit committee is available in print to any shareholder who requests it.
Nominating and Governance Committee. The nominating and governance committee operates pursuant to a charter approved by our Board. The charter sets forth the responsibilities of the nominating and governance committee, including making nominations for the appointment or election of Independent Trustees. The nominating and governance committee consists of three persons, including Morris L. McNair, III, Mary Lee Schneider and Thomas M. Turpin, all of whom are considered independent for purposes of the 1940 Act. Mary Lee Schneider serves as the chair of the nominating and governance committee.
The nominating and governance committee will consider nominees to the Board recommended by a shareholder, if such shareholder complies with the advance notice provisions of our bylaws. Our bylaws provide that a shareholder who wishes to nominate a person for election as a Trustee at a meeting of shareholders must deliver written notice to our Corporate Secretary. This notice must contain, as to each nominee, all of the information relating to such person as would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement meeting the requirements of Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act, and certain other information set forth in the bylaws.
A copy of charter of the nominating and governance committee is available in print to any shareholder who requests it.
Communications Between Shareholders and the Board of Trustees
Shareholders and other interested parties may contact any member (or all members) of the Board by mail. To communicate with the Board, any individual Trustees or any group or committee of Trustees, correspondence should be addressed to the Board or any such individual Trustees or group or committee of Trustees by either name or title. All such correspondence should be sent c/o PGIM Private Credit Fund, 655 Broad Street, Newark, NJ 07102-4410, Attention: Chief Compliance Officer.
Code of Ethics
We have adopted a Code of Ethics which applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer. We intend to disclose any amendment to or waiver of our Code of Ethics on behalf of an executive officer or director either on our website or in an 8-K filing. Additionally, we and the Manager have adopted a code of ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act and Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act, respectively, that establishes procedures for personal investments and restricts certain personal securities transactions, which are filed as exhibits to our Registration Statement on Form N-2 and available on the EDGAR Database at http://www.sec.gov.
Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports
Section 16(a) of the 1940 Act requires our executive officers, members of our Board, and persons who own more than ten percent of our shares to file initial reports of ownership and reports of changes in ownership with the SEC. To our knowledge, based solely on our review of such reports filed with the SEC, we believe that, with respect to fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, and through the date hereof, such persons complied with all such filing requirements, except that the purchase by PGIM Strategic Investments, Inc. of Class I Shares of the Company was not timely made, and that, as part of an internal transfer of Class I Shares from PGIM Strategic Investments, Inc. to PICA the filing of a Form 3 for PICA and the filing of a Form 4 for PGIM Strategic Investments, Inc. were not timely made.
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Table of Contents Item 11. Executive Compensation.
Compensation of Executive Officers
None of the Company’s officers receive direct compensation from the Company. We do not currently have any employees and do not expect to have any employees. Services necessary for our business are provided by individuals who are employees of the Manager or its affiliates pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement. Each of our executive officers described in “Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance” is employed by the Manager or its affiliates. Our day-to-day investment operations will be managed by the Subadviser. The services necessary for the sourcing and administration of our investment portfolio will be provided by investment professionals employed by the Manager or its affiliates. The Investment Team will focus on origination and transaction development and the ongoing monitoring of our investments.
Compensation of Trustees
Our Trustees who do not also serve in an executive officer capacity for us or the Manager are entitled to receive annual cash retainer fees, fees for participating in the in-person board and committee meetings and annual fees for serving as a committee chairperson.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | | | | | | Total Compensation | ||
| | **** | Estimated | **** | Pension or Retirement | | | from Company and | | |||
| | **** | Aggregate Fiscal | **** | Benefits | **** | Estimated Annual | **** | Fund Complex for | | ||
| | **** | Year | **** | Accrued as Part of Company | **** | Benefits | **** | Most | | ||
| Name | **** | Compensation from Company^(1)^ | **** | Expenses | **** | Upon Retirement | **** | | Recent Calendar Year^(1)(2)^ | | |
| Morris L. McNair, III | | $ | 58,000 | None | None | | $ | 155,000 | (4/27) | ||
| Mary Lee Schneider | | $ | 58,000 | None | None | | $ | 155,000 | (4/27) | ||
| Thomas M. Turpin | | $ | 60,000 | None | None | | $ | 160,000 | (4/27) | ||
| (1) | The table sets forth estimated compensation to be paid during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. | ||||||||||
| --- | --- | ||||||||||
| (2) | Number of funds and portfolios represent those in existence as of December 31, 2023 and excludes funds that have merged or liquidated during the year. Additionally, the number of funds and portfolios includes those that are approved as of December 31, 2023, even though such funds or portfolios may commence operations after that date. No compensation is paid out from such funds/portfolios. | ||||||||||
| --- | --- |
We also reimburse each of the Trustees for all reasonable and authorized business expenses in accordance with our policies as in effect from time to time, including reimbursement of reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with attending each board meeting and each committee meeting not held concurrently with a board meeting.
We will not pay compensation to our Trustees who also serve in an executive officer capacity for the Company, the Manager or the Subadviser.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
We currently do not have a compensation committee of our Board of Trustees and our Board of Trustees does not make determinations regarding compensation of executive officers because we do not directly pay any compensation to our executive officers.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters.
The following table sets forth, as of March 25, 2024, information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our Common Shares by:
| · | each person known to us to be expected to beneficially own more than 5% of the outstanding Common Shares; |
|---|---|
| · | each of our Trustees and each executive officers; and |
| --- | --- |
| · | all of our Trustees and executive officers as a group. |
| --- | --- |
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Table of Contents Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and includes voting or investment power with respect to the securities. There are no Common Shares subject to options that are currently exercisable or exercisable.
| | | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Type of Ownership | Number of Shares | Percentage | ||||
| Independent Trustees | | ||||||
| Morris L. McNair, III | — | — | — | | |||
| Mary Lee Schneider | — | — | — | | |||
| Thomas M. Turpin | — | — | — | | |||
| Interested Trustee | | ||||||
| Scott E. Benjamin | — | — | — | | |||
| Executive Officers Who Are Not Trustees | | ||||||
| Stuart S. Parker | Direct | 20,243 | * | | |||
| Claudia DiGiacomo | — | — | — | | |||
| Andrew Donohue | — | — | — | | |||
| Andrew R. French | — | — | — | | |||
| Melissa Gonzalez | | — | | — | | — | |
| Patrick E. McGuinness | | — | | — | | — | |
| Debra Rubano | | — | | — | | — | |
| George Hoyt | | — | | — | | — | |
| Devan Goolsby | | — | | — | | — | |
| Kelly A. Coyne | | — | | — | | — | |
| Christian J. Kelly | — | — | — | | |||
| Elyse M. McLaughlin | — | — | — | | |||
| Robert W. McCormack | | — | | — | | — | |
| Russ Shupak | | — | | — | | — | |
| All officers and Trustees as a group (10 persons) | Direct | 20,243 | * | | |||
| 5% Shareholders | | ||||||
| Prudential Insurance Company of America^(1)(2)^ | Direct | 4,360,784 | 99.4 | % |
*Less than 1%
| (1) | Prudential Insurance Company of America directly holds an aggregate of 4,360,784 Class I Common Shares. PICA owns 99.4% of the Company. |
|---|---|
| (2) | The address of Prudential Insurance Company of America is 751 Broad Street, Newark, NJ 07102. |
| --- | --- |
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
We do not have any equity compensation plans.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
Transactions with Related Persons
Management Agreement; Subadvisory Agreement
We have entered into the Management Agreement pursuant to which the Manager is entitled to receive a base management fee and an incentive fee. The base management fee is payable monthly in arrears at an annual rate of 1.25% of the value of the Company’s net assets as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the applicable month after the Company elects to be regulated as a BDC under the 1940 Act, and first publicly sells its shares to a person or entity other than the Manager or its affiliates.
The incentive fee consists of two components that are independent of each other, with the result that one component may be payable even if the other is not. A portion of the incentive fee is based on a percentage of our income and a portion is based on a percentage of our capital gains.
In addition, pursuant to the Management Agreement, we will reimburse the Manager for certain expenses as they occur. See “Item 1. Business—Management Agreement,” and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Key Components of Our Results of Operations—Expenses.” The Management Agreement has been approved by the Board. Unless earlier terminated, the Management Agreement will remain in effect for a period of two years from the date it first became effective and will remain in effect from year-to-year thereafter if approved annually by a majority of the Board, including a majority of Independent Trustees, or by the holders of a majority of our outstanding voting securities. 122
Table of Contents The Manager has contractually agreed to waive its base management fee and incentive fee in its entirety from May 5, 2024 through December 31, 2024 (the “Waiver Period”). The Manager had previously agreed to waive its management fee and incentive fee from May 5, 2023, the effective date of the Company’s registration statement, to May 5, 2024.
The Manager will pay a portion of the management fees and incentive fees it receives from the Company to the Subadviser. No advisory fees will be paid by the Company directly to the Subadviser. The Subadviser has contractually agreed to waive its portion of the management fees and incentive fees in their entirety for the Waiver Period.
Co-Investment Relief
The Company has received exemptive relief that allows the Company to co-invest in certain transactions with certain affiliates of the Manager. The relief permits us, among other things, to co-invest with certain other persons, including certain affiliates of the Manager and certain funds managed and controlled by the Manager and its affiliates, subject to certain terms and conditions. Pursuant to such order, the Company’s Board has established criteria (“Board Criteria”) clearly defining co-investment opportunities in which the Company will have the opportunity to participate with one or more other public or private PPC funds and managed accounts that target similar assets. If an investment falls within the Board Criteria, PPC must offer an opportunity for the Company to participate. The Company may participate or may not participate, depending on whether PPC determines that the investment is appropriate for the Company (e.g., based on investment strategy). If PPC determines that such investment is not appropriate for us, the investment will not be allocated to us, but PPC will be required to report such investment and the rationale for its determination for us to not participate in the investment to the Board at the next quarterly board meeting.
Intermediary Manager Agreement
The Company entered into the Intermediary Manager Agreement with PIMS, an affiliate of the Manager, who is the principal underwriter and distributor of the Company’s Common Shares. Pursuant to the Intermediary Manager Agreement, PIMS is entitled to receive shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees with respect to the Class S and Class D Shares on an annualized basis as a percentage of the NAV for such class, subject to the inception of each class. See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Notes to Financial Statements—Note 3. Management Agreement and Transactions with Affiliates— Intermediary Manager Agreement.”
Plan Administrator
PMFS serves as the transfer and dividend disbursing agent of the Company. PMFS provides customary transfer agency services to the Company, including the handling of shareholder communications, the processing of shareholder transactions, the maintenance of shareholder account records, the payment of dividends and distributions, and related functions. PMFS is an affiliate of the Manager.
Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement
Pursuant to an Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement, for the ELRA Period, the Manager has contractually agreed to waive its fees and/or reimburse expenses of the Company so that the Company’s Specified Expenses will not exceed 0.50% of net assets (annualized). The Company has agreed to repay these amounts, when and if requested by the Manager, but only if and to the extent that Specified Expenses are less than 0.50% of net assets (annualized) (or, if a lower expense limit is then in effect, such lower limit) within three years after the date the Manager waived or reimbursed such fees or expenses. See “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources” and “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Notes to Financial Statements—Note 3. Management Agreement and Transactions with Affiliates—Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement.”
Statement of Policy Regarding Transactions with Related Persons
The Board will conduct quarterly reviews of any potential related party transactions brought to its attention and, during these reviews, it will consider any conflicts of interest brought to its attention pursuant to the Company’s compliance policies and procedures. Each of the Company’s trustees and executive officers is subject to the Company’s Code of Ethics, which places restrictions on related party transactions, and is instructed and periodically reminded to inform the Company’s Chief Compliance Officer or her designee of any potential related party transactions. In addition, each such trustee and executive officer completes a questionnaire on an annual basis designed to elicit information about any potential related party transactions.
Trustee Independence
For information regarding the independence of our Trustees, see “Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.” 123
Table of Contents Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services.
Audit Fees
The aggregate audit related fees billed by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP for the year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) to December 31, 2022 were $320.0 thousand and $60.0 thousand, respectively.
Fees included in the audit fees category are those associated with the annual audit of the Company’s financial statements and services that are normally provided in connection with statutory and regulatory filings.
Audit-Related Fees
The aggregate audit fees billed by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP for the year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022 were $0 and $0, respectively.
Audit-related fees are for any services rendered to the Company that are reasonably related to the performance of the audits or reviews of the Company’s consolidated financial statements (but not reported as audit fees above). These services include attestation services that are not required by statute or regulation and consultations concerning financial accounting and reporting standards.
No audit related fees were billed by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP to the Manager, or any entity controlling, controlled by, or under common control with, the Manager, that provides ongoing services to the Company, for engagements directly related to the Company’s operations and financial reporting, for the years ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022.
Tax Fees
The aggregate tax fees billed by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP for the year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022 were $0 and $0, respectively.
Fees included in the tax fees category comprise all services performed by professional staff in the independent registered public accountant’s tax division except those services related to the audits. This category comprises fees for services provided in connection with the preparation and review of the Company’s tax returns.
No tax fees were billed by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP to the Manager, or any entity controlling, controlled by, or under common control with, the Manager, that provides ongoing services to the Company, for engagements directly related to the Company’s operations and financial reporting, for the years ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022.
All Other Fees
No fees were billed by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP for products and services provided to the Company, other than the services reported in “Audit Fees and Audit-Related Fees” above, for the year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022.
No fees were billed by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP to the Manager, or any entity controlling, controlled by, or under common control with, the Manager, that provides ongoing services to the Company, for engagements directly related to the Company’s operations and financial reporting, for the year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022.
124
Table of Contents Aggregate Non-Audit Fees
No non-audit fees were billed to the Manager and service affiliates by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP for non-audit services for the year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022. This includes any non-audit services required to be pre-approved or non-audit services that did not require pre-approval since they did not directly relate to the Company’s operations or financial reporting.
Pre-Approval of Audit and Non-Audit Services Provided to the Company
Our Audit Committee reviews, negotiates and approves in advance the scope of work, any related engagement letter and the fees to be charged by the independent registered public accounting firm for audit services and permitted non-audit services for us. All of the audit and non-audit services described above for which PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP billed us for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from December 13, 2022 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2022 were pre-approved by the Audit Committee.
125
Table of Contents PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:
| (1) | Financial Statements – Financial statements are included in Item 8. See the Index to the financial statements on page 77 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. |
|---|---|
| (2) | Financial Statement Schedules – None. We have omitted financial statement schedules because they are not required or are not applicable, or the required information is shown in the statements or notes to the financial statements. |
| --- | --- |
(3) Exhibits – The following is a list of all exhibits filed as a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including those incorporated by reference
126
Table of Contents INDEX TO EXHIBITS
127
Table of Contents
| 101.CAL | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document |
|---|---|---|
| 101.DEF | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document |
| 101.LAB | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document |
| 101.PRE | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |
| 104 | | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document) |
| (1) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (a)(1) to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form N-2, filed on November 1, 2022. |
|---|---|
| (2) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 11, 2023. |
| --- | --- |
| (3) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 11, 2023. |
| --- | --- |
| (4) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 11, 2023. |
| --- | --- |
| (5) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 29, 2024. |
| --- | --- |
| (6) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 11, 2023. |
| --- | --- |
| (7) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 29, 2024. |
| --- | --- |
| (8) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 11, 2023. |
| --- | --- |
| (9) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 11, 2023. |
| --- | --- |
| (10) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 11, 2023. |
| --- | --- |
| (11) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 11, 2023. |
| --- | --- |
| (12) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 11, 2023. |
| --- | --- |
| (13) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(2) to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form N-2, filed on November 10, 2022. |
| --- | --- |
| (14) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 1, 2023. |
| --- | --- |
(15) Filed Herewith
Item 16. Form 10-K Summary
None.
128
Table of Contents Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| | | PGIM PRIVATE CREDIT FUND |
|---|---|---|
| | | |
| Date: March 25, 2024 | By: | /s/ Stuart S. Parker |
| | | Name: Stuart S. Parker |
| | | Title: President and Principal Executive Officer |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this Annual Report on Form 10-K has been signed by the following persons in the capacity and on the date indicated.
| | | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Signature | Title | Date | ||
| | | | | |
| /s/ Stuart S. Parker | | President and Principal Executive Officer | | March 25, 2024 |
| Stuart S. Parker | | | | |
| | | | | |
| /s/ Christian J. Kelly | | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) | | March 25, 2024 |
| Christian J. Kelly | | | | |
| | | | | |
| /s/ Elyse McLaughlin | | Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer | | March 25, 2024 |
| Elyse McLaughlin | | | | |
| | | | | |
| /s/ Scott Benjamin | | Trustee and Vice President | | March 25, 2024 |
| Scott Benjamin | | | | |
| | | | | |
| /s/ Thomas M. Turpin | | Trustee and Chairperson | | March 25, 2024 |
| Thomas M. Turpin | | | | |
| | | | | |
| /s/ Morris L. McNair, III | | Trustee | | March 25, 2024 |
| Morris L. McNair, III | | | | |
| | | | | |
| /s/ Mary Lee Schneider | | Trustee | | March 25, 2024 |
| Mary Lee Schneider | | | | |
129
Exhibit 3.2
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT
AND DECLARATION OF TRUST OF
PGIM PRIVATE CREDIT FUND
March 22, 2024
* * * * * * * * * *
This SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST (“Declaration of Trust”) made as of this 22nd day of March, 2024, by the Trustees hereunder and SMC 3807 Services, LLC, as Delaware Trustee.
WHEREAS, this Company (as defined below) has been formed to carry on the business as set forth more particularly hereinafter;
WHEREAS, this Declaration of Trust amends and restates in its entirety that certain Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated as of September 29, 2022 (the “A&R Declaration”);
WHEREAS, the A&R Declaration amended and restated in its entirety that certain Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated as of March 21, 2022, as amended by the Amendment No. 1 thereto dated as of June 21, 2022; and
WHEREAS, the parties hereto intend that the Company shall constitute a statutory trust under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act and that this Declaration of Trust and the Bylaws shall constitute the governing instrument of such statutory trust.
NOW, THEREFORE, the Trustees hereby amend and restate the A&R Declaration in its entirety.
ARTICLE I
NAME; DEFINITIONS
Section 1.1 Name. The name of the statutory trust is PGIM Private Credit Fund (the “Company”). So far as may be practicable, the business of the Company shall be conducted and transacted under that name, which name (and the word “Company” whenever used in this Declaration of Trust) shall refer to the Company as a separate legal entity and not to the Board of Trustees (as defined herein) collectively, individually or personally, nor shall it refer to the Shareholders or to any officers, employees or agents of the Company or of the Trustees. Under circumstances in which the Trustees determine that the use of the name “PGIM Private Credit Fund” is not practicable, they may use any other designation or name for the Company, subject to applicable law. Any name change shall become effective upon approval by the Trustees of such change and the filing and effectiveness of a certificate of amendment pursuant to Section 3810(b) of the Statutory Trust Act (as defined below). Any such action shall not require the approval of the Shareholders but shall have the status of an amendment to this Declaration of Trust.
Section 1.2 Definitions. As used in this Declaration of Trust, the following terms shall have the following meanings unless the context otherwise requires:
“1940 Act” means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended from time to time, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Acquisition Expenses” means expenses, including, but not limited to, legal fees and expenses, travel and communication expenses, costs regarding determination of creditworthiness and due diligence on prospective portfolio holding companies, non-refundable option payments on assets not acquired, accounting fees and expenses, and miscellaneous expenses relating to the purchase or acquisition of assets, whether or not acquired.
“Acquisition Fees” means any and all fees and commissions, exclusive of Acquisition Expenses, paid by any Person to any other Person (including any fees or commissions paid by or to any Affiliate of the Company or the Adviser) in connection with the initial purchase or acquisition of assets by the Company. Included in the computation of such fees or commissions shall be any commission, selection fee, supervision fee, financing fee, non-recurring management fee or any fee of a similar nature, however designated.
“Administrator” means the Person designated as administrator of the Company by the Board of Trustees, any Person to whom the Administrator subcontracts any and all such services and any successor to an Administrator who enters into an administrative services agreement with the Company or who subcontracts with a successor Administrator.
“Adviser” means the Person designated as adviser of the Company by the Board of Trustees or an affiliated successor in interest thereto, any Person to whom the Adviser subcontracts any and all such services pursuant to a sub-advisory agreement and any successor to an Adviser who enters into an Advisory Agreement with the Company or who subcontracts with a successor Adviser. If the Adviser no longer serves as the investment adviser to the Company, the rights of the Adviser in this Declaration of Trust will become the rights of the Trustees.
“Advisory Agreement” means that certain Investment Advisory Agreement between the Company and the Adviser named therein pursuant to which the Adviser will act as the adviser to the Company and provide investment advisory, investment management and other specified services to the Company, including any sub-advisory agreement.
2
“Affiliate” or “Affiliated” means (subject to the limits under the 1940 Act or an exemptive order from the SEC, as each may be applicable) with respect to any specified Person:
(a) any other Person directly or indirectly owning, controlling or holding, with the power to vote, ten percent (10%) or more of the outstanding voting securities of such specified Person;
(b) any other Person ten percent (10%) or more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly owned, controlled or held, with the power to vote, by such specified Person;
(c) any other Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with such specified Person;
(d) any officer, director, trustee, partner, copartner or employee of such specified Person;
(e) any legal entity on which such Person acts as an executive officer, director, trustee or partner; and
(f) if such specified Person is an investment company, any investment adviser thereof or any member of an advisory board thereof.
“assessment” means an additional amount of capital that may be mandatorily required of, or paid voluntarily by, a Shareholder beyond his or her subscription commitment, excluding deferred payments.
“Benefit Plan Investor” means a benefit plan investor as defined in the Plan Asset Regulations.
“Bylaws” means the bylaws of the Company, as the same are in effect and may be amended from time to time.
“capital contribution” means the total investment, including the original investment and amounts reinvested pursuant to a distribution reinvestment plan in a program by a participant, or by all participants, as the case may be. Unless otherwise specified, capital contributions shall be deemed to include principal amounts to be received on account of deferred payments.
“cash available for distribution” means Cash Flow plus cash funds available for distribution from Company reserves less amounts set aside for restoration or creation of reserves.
“Cash Flow” means Company cash funds provided from operations, without deduction for depreciation, but after deducting cash funds used to pay all other expenses, debt payments, capital improvements and replacements. Cash withdrawn from reserves is not Cash Flow.
“Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, or any successor statute thereto. Reference to any provision of the Code shall mean such provision as in effect from time to time, as the same may be amended, and any successor provision thereto, as interpreted by any applicable regulations as in effect from time to time.
3
“Common Shares” means the common Shares, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company that may be issued from time to time in accordance with the terms of this Declaration of Trust and applicable law, as described in Article V hereof, including any class or series of Common Shares.
“Company” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 1.1 hereof.
“Controlling Person” shall mean (subject to the limits under the 1940 Act or an exemptive order from the SEC, as each may be applicable), all Persons, whatever their titles, who perform functions for the Sponsor similar to those of: (a) chairman or member of the board of directors; (b) executive officers; and (c) those holding ten percent or more equity interest in the Sponsor or a Person having the power to direct or cause the direction of the Sponsor, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract, or otherwise.
“Covered Security” the term “Covered Security” shall have the meaning set forth in the Securities Act.
“Declaration of Trust” has the meaning ascribed to it in the preamble hereof.
“Delaware Trustee” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 3.1 hereof and includes any successor Delaware Trustees appointed in accordance with Section 3.2, but that any reference to “Trustee” or “Board of Trustees” in this Declaration of Trust and the Bylaws of the Company shall not be deemed to include or refer to the Delaware Trustee.
“DGCL” means Delaware General Corporation Law, 8 Del. C. § 100, et seq., as amended from time to time, or any successor statute thereto.
“ERISA” The term “ERISA” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time.
“ERISA Controlling Person” The term “ERISA Controlling Person” means a Person (other than a Benefit Plan Investor) who has discretionary authority or control with respect to the assets of the Company or who provides investment advice for a fee (direct or indirect) with respect to such assets, or any affiliate of such Person within the meaning of 29 C.F.R. § 2510.3-101(f)(3).
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Expenses” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 3.3 hereof.
“Front End Fees” means fees and expenses paid by any party for any services rendered to organize the Company and to acquire assets for the Company, including Organization and Offering Expenses, Acquisition Fees, Acquisition Expenses, and any other similar fees, however designated by the Board.
4
“GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles as in effect in the United States of America from time to time or such other accounting basis mandated by the SEC.
“Indemnified DE Trustee Parties” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 3.3 hereof.
“Independent Expert” means a Person with no material current or prior business or personal relationship with the Sponsor, who is engaged to a substantial extent in the business of rendering opinions regarding the value of assets of the type held by the Company, and who is qualified to perform such work.
“Independent Trustee” means a Trustee who is not an Interested Person.
“Interested Person” means a Person who is an “interested person” as that term is defined under Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act.
“Investment in program assets” means the amount of capital contributions actually paid or allocated to the purchase or development of assets acquired by the program (including working capital reserves allocable thereto, except that working capital reserves in excess of three percent shall not be included) and other cash payments such as interest and taxes, but excluding front-end fees.
“Liability and Losses” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 7.3 hereof.
“Liquidity Event” means a Listing or any merger, reorganization, business combination, share exchange or acquisition by any Person or related group of Persons of beneficial ownership of all or substantially all of the Shares of the Company in one or more related transactions, or a similar transaction involving the Company pursuant to which the Shareholders receive for their Shares, as full or partial consideration, cash, Listed or non- Listed equity Securities or a combination thereof.
“Listing” means the listing of the Common Shares (or any successor thereof) on a national securities exchange or national securities association registered with the SEC or the receipt by the Shareholders of Securities that are approved for trading on a national securities exchange or national securities association registered with the SEC in exchange for the Common Shares. The term “Listed” shall have the correlative meaning. With regard to the Common Shares, upon commencement of trading of the Common Shares on a national securities exchange or national securities association registered with the SEC, the Common Shares shall be deemed Listed.
“Net Worth” means the excess of total assets over total liabilities as determined by GAAP.
“Omnibus Guidelines” means the Omnibus Guidelines Statement of Policy adopted by the North American Securities Administrators Association on March 29, 1992 and as amended on May 7, 2007 and as further amended from time to time.
“Organization and Offering Expenses” means any and all costs and expenses incurred by and to be paid from the assets of the Company in connection with and in preparing for the formation, qualification and registration of the Company, and the marketing and distribution of shares, including total underwriting and brokerage discounts and commissions (including fees of the underwriters’ attorneys), expenses for printing, engraving, amending, supplementing, mailing and distributing costs, salaries of employees while engaged in sales activity, telephone and other telecommunications costs, all advertising and marketing expenses (including the costs related to investor and broker-dealer sales meetings), charges of transfer agents, registrars, trustees, escrow agents or holders, depositories, experts, fees, expenses and taxes related to the filing, registration and qualification of the sale of the shares under federal and state laws, including taxes and fees and accountants’ and attorneys’ fees.
5
“other enterprise” or “another enterprise” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 7.3 hereof.
“Person” means an individual, corporation, partnership, estate, trust joint venture, limited liability company or other entity or association.
“Plan Asset Regulation” means 29 C.F.R. § 2510.3-101, as modified by section 3(42) of ERISA.
“Preferred Shares” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 5.1 hereof.
“Publicly Offered Securities” means publicly offered securities as defined in 29 C.F.R. § 2510.3-101(b)(2) or any successor regulation thereto.
“Roll-Up Entity” means a partnership, trust, corporation, or similar entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of a proposed Roll-Up Transaction.
“Roll-Up Transaction” means a transaction involving the acquisition, merger, conversion or consolidation, either directly or indirectly, of the Company and the issuance of securities of a Roll-Up Entity to the Shareholders. Such term does not include:
(a) a transaction involving Securities of the Company that have been Listed for at least twelve (12) months; or
(b) a transaction involving the conversion to another entity form or to a trust or association form of only the Company, if, as a consequence of the transaction, there will be no significant adverse change in any of the following:
(i) Shareholders’ voting rights;
(ii) the term of existence of the Company;
(iii) Adviser compensation; or
(iv) the Company’s investment objective.
“SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended from time to time.
6
“Securities” means Common Shares, any other Shares or other evidences of equity or beneficial or other interests, voting trust certificates, bonds, debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness, secured or unsecured,
convertible, subordinated or otherwise, or in general any instruments commonly known as “securities” or any certificates of interest, shares or participations in, temporary or interim certificates for, receipts for, guarantees of, or warrants, options or rights to subscribe to, purchase or acquire, any of the foregoing if and only if any such item is treated as a “security” under the Exchange Act, or applicable state securities laws.
“Shareholders” means the registered holders of the Company’s Shares.
“Shares” means the unit of beneficial interest in the trust estate of the Company and shall include Common Shares and Preferred Shares.
“Side Letters” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 11.6 hereof.
“specified asset program” means a program where, at the time a securities registration is ordered effective, at least 75% of the net proceeds from the sale of program interests are allocable to the purchase, construction, renovation, or improvement of individually identified assets or assets that provide a reasonably objective basis in conformity with the Guidelines of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants to allow the issuance of prospective financial statements. Reserves shall not be included in the 75%.
“Sponsor” means any person directly or indirectly instrumental in organizing, wholly or in part, a program or any person who will control, manage or participate in the management of a program, and any affiliate of such person. Not included is any person whose only relation with the program is that of an independent manager of a portion of program assets, and whose only compensation is as such. “Sponsor” does not include wholly independent third parties such as attorneys, accountants, and underwriters whose only compensation is for professional services rendered in connection with the offering of program interests. A person may also be deemed a Sponsor of the program by:
(a) taking the initiative, directly or indirectly, in founding or organizing the business or enterprise of the program, either alone or in conjunction with one or more other persons;
(b) receiving a material participation in the program in connection with the founding or organizing of the business of the program, in consideration of services or property, or both services and property;
(c) having a substantial number of relationships and contacts with the program;
(d) possessing significant rights to control program properties;
(e) receiving fees for providing services to the program which are paid on a basis that is not customary in the industry; or
(f) providing goods or services to the program on a basis which was not negotiated at arm’s length with the program.
7
“State Administrator” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 11.4 hereof.
“Statutory Trust Act” means Chapter 38 of Title 12 of the Delaware Code, 12 Del. C. § 3801, et seq., as such act may be amended from time to time.
“Trustees,” “Board of Trustees” or “Board” means, collectively, the individuals referenced in Section 4.1 of this Declaration of Trust and all other individuals who have been duly elected and qualify as Trustees of the Company hereunder, in each case so long as they continue in office. For the avoidance of doubt, any references to “Trustee” or “Board of Trustee” or “Board” in this Declaration of Trust and the Bylaws of the Company shall not be deemed to include or refer to the Delaware Trustee.
Section 1.3 Rules of Construction; Other Definitional Provisions. Unless the context otherwise clearly requires:
(a) the definitions of terms herein shall apply equally to the singular and plural forms of the terms defined;
(b) whenever the context may require, any pronoun shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine and neuter forms;
(c) the words “include”, “includes” and “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation”;
(d) any definition of or reference to any agreement, instrument or other document herein shall be construed as referring to such agreement, instrument or other document as from time to time amended, supplemented or otherwise modified; and
(e) the words “herein”, “hereof”, “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section, Subsection or other subdivision.
ARTICLE II
NATURE AND PURPOSE
The Company is a Delaware statutory trust within the meaning of the Statutory Trust Act, existing pursuant to this Declaration of Trust and the Company’s certificate of trust filed with the Delaware Secretary of State’s office on March 21, 2022, as amended by the certificate of amendment thereto filed with the Delaware Secretary of State’s office on June 27, 2022 (which filing, as amended, is hereby ratified), each as may be amended, restated or amended and restated from time to time.
The purpose of the Company is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which trusts may be organized under the Statutory Trust Act as now or hereafter in force, including to conduct, operate and carry on the business of a non-diversified closed-end investment company operating as a business development company, as such terms are defined in the 1940 Act, subject to making an election therefor under the 1940 Act, and to carry on such other business as the Trustees may from time to time determine pursuant to their authority under this Declaration of Trust. In furtherance of the foregoing, it shall be the purpose of the Company to do everything necessary, suitable, convenient or proper for the conduct, promotion and attainment of any businesses and purposes which at any time may be incidental or may appear conducive or expedient for the accomplishment of the business of a business development company regulated under the 1940 Act and which may be engaged in or carried on by a trust organized under the Statutory Trust Act, and in connection therewith the Company shall have the power and authority to engage in the foregoing and may exercise all of the powers conferred by the laws of the State of Delaware upon a Delaware statutory trust. The Company may not, without the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities, as such term is defined under Section 2(a)(42) of the 1940 Act, of the Company entitled to vote on the matter, change the nature of the Company’s business so that the Company ceases to be, or withdraws the Company’s election to be, treated as a business development company under the 1940 Act.
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Legal title to all of the assets of the Company shall be vested in the Company as a separate legal entity except that the Trustees shall have power to cause legal title to any assets of the Company to be held in the name of any other Person as nominee, custodian or pledgee, on such terms as the Trustees may determine, provided that such arrangement is permitted by the 1940 Act and the interest of the Company therein is appropriately protected.
ARTICLE III
DELAWARE TRUSTEE
Section 3.1 Appointment. Pursuant to Section 3807 of the Statutory Trust Act, the trustee of the Company in the State of Delaware shall be SMC 3807 Services, LLC (the “Delaware Trustee”). The address of the principal office of SMC 3807 Services, LLC is Farmers Bank Building, Suite 1410, 301 North Market Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19801.
Section 3.2 Concerning the Delaware Trustee.
(a) The Delaware Trustee is appointed to serve as the trustee of the Company in the State of Delaware for the sole purpose of satisfying the requirement pursuant to Section 3807(a) of the Statutory Trust Act that the Company have at least one trustee which has its principal place of business in the State of Delaware. The Company shall have at least one other trustee (other than the Delaware Trustee) to perform all obligations and duties other than fulfilling the Company’s obligations pursuant to Section 3807(a) of the Statutory Trust Act.
(b) The duties of the Delaware Trustee shall be limited to (i) accepting legal process served on the Company in the State of Delaware and (ii) the execution of any certificates required to be filed with the Delaware Secretary of State, which the Delaware Trustee is required to execute under Section 3811 of the Statutory Trust Act. Except for the purpose of the foregoing sentence, the Delaware Trustee shall not be deemed a trustee, shall not be a member of the Board of Trustees and shall have no management responsibilities or owe any fiduciary duties to the Company or the Shareholders. To the extent that, at law or in equity, the Delaware Trustee has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Company or the Shareholders, it is hereby understood and agreed by the other parties hereto that such duties and liabilities are replaced by the duties and liabilities of the Delaware Trustee expressly set forth in this Declaration of Trust. The Delaware Trustee shall have no liability for the acts or omissions of any other Person, including the Trustees and the Adviser.
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(c) The Delaware Trustee may be removed by the Trustees upon 30 days’ prior written notice to the Delaware Trustee. The Delaware Trustee may resign upon 30 days’ prior written notice to the Trustees. No resignation or removal of the Delaware Trustee shall be effective except upon the appointment of a successor Delaware Trustee appointed by the Trustees or a court of competent jurisdiction. If no successor Delaware Trustee has been appointed within such 30-day period, the Delaware Trustee may, at the expense of the Trust, petition a court of competent jurisdiction to appoint a successor Delaware Trustee.
(d) Any Person into which the Delaware Trustee may be merged or with which it may be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger or consolidation to which the Delaware Trustee shall be a party, or any Person which succeeds to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business of the Delaware Trustee, shall be the successor Delaware Trustee under this Declaration of Trust without the execution, delivery or filing of any paper or instrument or further act to be done on the part of the parties hereto, except as may be required by applicable law.
(e) The Delaware Trustee shall be entitled to all of the same rights, protections, indemnities and immunities under this Declaration of Trust and with respect to the Company and the Shareholders as the Trustees. No amendment or waiver of any provision of this Declaration of Trust which adversely affects the Delaware Trustee shall be effective against it without its prior written consent.
(f) The Delaware Trustee shall not be liable for supervising or monitoring the performance and the duties and obligations of any other Person, including the Trustees, the Administrator or the Adviser or the Company under this Declaration of Trust or any related document.
(g) The Delaware Trustee shall not be personally liable under any circumstances, except for its own bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or willful misconduct or from reckless disregard by the Delaware Trustee of its obligations and duties hereunder. In particular, but not by way of limitation: (i) the Delaware Trustee shall not be personally liable for any error of judgment made in good faith; (ii) no provision of this Declaration of Trust shall require the Delaware Trustee to expend or risk its personal funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of its rights or powers hereunder, if the Delaware Trustee shall have reasonable grounds for believing that the payment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured or provided to it; (iii) under no circumstances shall the Delaware Trustee be personally liable for any representation, warranty, covenant, agreement or indebtedness of the Trust; (iv) the Delaware Trustee shall not be personally responsible for or in respect of the validity or sufficiency of this Declaration of Trust or for the due execution hereof by any other party hereto; (v) the Delaware Trustee shall incur no liability to anyone in acting upon any signature, instrument, notice, resolution, request, consent, order, certificate, report, opinion, bond or other document or paper reasonably believed by it to be genuine and reasonably believed by it to be signed by the proper party or parties. The Delaware Trustee may accept a certified copy of a resolution of the board of directors or other governing body of any corporate party as conclusive evidence that such resolution has been duly adopted by such body and that the same is in full force and effect. As to any fact or matter the manner of ascertainment of which is not specifically prescribed herein, the Delaware Trustee may for all purposes hereof rely on a certificate or resolution, signed by a Trustee or an officer of the Company as to such fact or matter, and such certificate shall constitute full protection to the Delaware Trustee for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in reliance thereon; (vi) in the exercise or administration of the Company hereunder, the Delaware Trustee (A) may act directly or through agents or attorneys pursuant to agreements entered into with any of them, and the Delaware Trustee shall not be liable for the default or misconduct of such agents or attorneys if such agents or attorneys shall have been selected by the Delaware Trustee in good faith and (B) may consult with counsel, accountants and other skilled persons to be selected by it in good faith and employed by it, and it shall not be liable for anything done, suffered or omitted in good faith by it in accordance with the advice or opinion of any such counsel, accountants or other skilled persons; (vii) in accepting and performing its express duties hereunder, the Delaware Trustee acts solely as Delaware Trustee hereunder and not in its individual capacity, and all persons having any claim against the Delaware Trustee by reason of the transactions contemplated by this Declaration of Trust shall look only to the Company for payment or satisfaction thereof; and (viii) the Delaware Trustee shall incur no liability if, by reason of any provision of any present or future law or regulation thereunder, or by any force majeure event, including but not limited to natural disaster, act of war or terrorism, or other circumstances beyond its reasonable control, the Delaware Trustee shall be prevented or forbidden from doing or performing any act or thing which the terms of this Declaration of Trust provide shall or may be done or performed, or by reason of any exercise of, or failure to exercise, any discretion provided for in this Declaration of Trust.
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(h) In the event of the appointment of a successor Delaware Trustee, such successor shall cause an amendment to the certificate of trust of the Company to be filed with the Secretary of State of Delaware in accordance with Section 3810 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, indicating the change of the Delaware Trustee’s identity.
Section 3.3 Compensation and Reimbursement of Expenses; Indemnity. The Company hereby agrees to:
(a) compensate the Delaware Trustee in accordance with a separate fee agreement with the Delaware Trustee,
(b) reimburse the Delaware Trustee for all reasonable expenses relating to the services of the Delaware Trustee (including reasonable fees and expenses of counsel and other advisers retained by the Delaware Trustee) and
(c) indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Delaware Trustee, and its employees, agents, officers and trustees (the “Indemnified DE Trustee Parties”) from and against any and all claims, actions, suits, demands, assessments, judgments, losses, liabilities, damages, costs, taxes and expenses, including reasonable fees and expenses of counsel and including costs of enforcement of an Indemnified DE Trustee Party’s rights hereunder (collectively, “Expenses”), to the extent that such Expenses arise out of or are imposed upon or asserted at any time against such Indemnified DE Trustee Parties with respect to the performance of any duties contemplated by this Declaration of Trust or from the services provided or functions performed by the Delaware Trustee; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to indemnify any Indemnified DE Trustee Parties for any Expenses which are a result of the bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or willful misconduct of such Indemnified DE Trustee Parties or from reckless disregard by such Indemnified DE Trustee Parties of its obligations and duties hereunder. To the fullest extent permitted by law, Expenses to be incurred by any Indemnified DE Trustee Parties shall, from time to time, be advanced by, or on behalf of, the Company prior to the final disposition of any matter upon receipt by the Company of an undertaking by, or on behalf of, such Indemnified DE Trustee Parties to repay such amount if it shall be determined that the Indemnified DE Trustee Parties are not entitled to be indemnified under this Declaration of Trust.
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ARTICLE IV
PROVISIONS FOR DEFINING, LIMITING AND
REGULATING CERTAIN POWERS OF THE
COMPANY AND OF THE SHAREHOLDERS AND TRUSTEES
Section 4.1 Number of Trustees. The business and affairs of the Company shall be managed under the direction of the Board of Trustees (not including the Delaware Trustee). The Board of Trustees shall have full, exclusive and absolute power, control and authority over the Company’s assets and over the business of the Company to the same extent as a board of directors of a Delaware corporation. The Board of Trustees may take any actions as in its sole judgment and discretion are necessary or desirable to conduct the business of the Company. Except as otherwise specifically provided in this Declaration of Trust and the Bylaws or as otherwise required by federal law including the 1940 Act, each Trustee and officer of the Company shall have duties including fiduciary duties (and liability therefor) identical to those of directors and officers of a private corporation for profit organized under the DGCL, and shall not have any other duties, including any fiduciary duties, except for fiduciary duties identical to those of directors and officers of a private corporation for profit organized under the DGCL. Unless another standard is specified herein, in conducting the business of the Company and in exercising their rights and powers hereunder, the Trustees may take any actions and make any determinations in their subjective belief that such actions or determinations are in, or not opposed to, the best interest of the Company. The Trustees have the power to construe and interpret this Declaration of Trust and to act upon any such construction or interpretation. Any construction or interpretation of this Declaration of Trust by the Trustees and any action taken pursuant thereto and any determination as to what is in the interests of the Company and the Shareholders made by the Trustees in good faith shall, in each case, be conclusive and binding on all Shareholders and all other Persons for all purposes. The enumeration of any specific power herein shall not be construed as limiting the aforesaid power. Such powers of the Trustees may be exercised without order of or resort to any court. The number of Trustees of the Company shall be the number of Trustees that are signatories hereto, which number may be increased or decreased from time to time only by the Trustees pursuant to the Bylaws, but shall never be less than three (3), except for a period of up to sixty (60) days after the death, removal or resignation of a Trustee pending the election of such Trustee’s successor. The names of the initial Trustees are as set forth on the signature page hereto.
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A majority of the Board of Trustees shall be Independent Trustees, except for a period of up to sixty (60) days or such longer period permitted by law, after the death, removal or resignation of an Independent Trustee pending the election of such Independent Trustee’s successor by the remaining Trustees.
Subject to applicable requirements of the 1940 Act, in order that any and all vacancies on the Board may be filled, only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining Trustees in office may a vacancy be filled, even if the remaining Trustees do not constitute a quorum; provided, however, that any such Trustee elected by the remaining Trustees to fill a vacancy shall be proposed for election by Shareholders at the next annual meeting of Shareholders. There shall be no cumulative voting in the election or removal of Trustees. Except as otherwise stated in this paragraph, Trustees shall be elected as set forth in the Bylaws.
Section 4.2 Classes of Trustees.
The Board of Trustees shall be divided into three classes, designated Class I, Class II and Class III, as nearly equal in number as possible, and the term of office of Trustees of one class shall expire at each annual meeting of Shareholders, and in all cases as to each Trustee such term shall extend until his or her successor shall be elected and shall qualify or until his or her earlier resignation, removal from office, death or incapacity. Additional trusteeships resulting from an increase in number of Trustees shall be apportioned among the classes as equally as possible. The initial term of office of Trustees of Class I shall expire at the Company’s next annual meeting of Shareholders; the initial term of office of Trustees of Class II shall expire at the Company’s second annual meeting of Shareholders; and the initial term of office of Trustees of Class III shall expire at the Company’s third annual meeting of Shareholders. Following such initial terms, at each annual meeting of Shareholders, a number of Trustees equal to the number of Trustees of the class whose term expires at the time of such meeting (or, if less, the number of Trustees properly nominated and qualified for election) shall be elected to hold office until the third succeeding annual meeting of Shareholders after their election. Each Trustee may be reelected to an unlimited number of succeeding terms in accordance with these provisions.
If the Board of Trustees is classified, at each annual election, Trustees chosen to succeed those whose terms then expire shall be of the same class as the Trustees they succeed, unless by reason of any intervening changes in the authorized number of Trustees, the Board of Trustees shall designate one or more trusteeships whose term then expires as trusteeships of another class in order to more nearly achieve equality of number of Trustees among the classes.
Notwithstanding the rule that the three classes shall be as nearly equal in number of Trustees as possible, in the event of any change in the authorized number of Trustees, each Trustee then continuing to serve as such shall nevertheless continue as a Trustee of the class of which such Trustee is a member until the expiration of his or her current term, or his or her prior death, resignation or removal. If any newly created trusteeship may, consistently with the rule that the three classes shall be as nearly equal in number of Trustees as possible, be allocated to any class, the Board of Trustees shall allocate it to that of the available class whose term of office is due to expire at the earliest date following such allocation.
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The voting procedures and the number of votes required to elect a Trustee shall be as set forth in the Bylaws, which may be amended by the Board.
Section 4.3 Shareholder Voting and Annual Meetings. The Fund shall hold annual meetings of Shareholders upon reasonable notice and within a reasonable period, as determined by the Trustees, following delivery and/or transmittal of the Company’s annual report. Except as provided in Article II, Section 4.9, Section 10.2, Section 11.1, Section 13.2 and Section 13.3 of this Declaration of Trust, notwithstanding any provision of law permitting any particular action to be approved by the affirmative vote of the Shareholders of the Company entitled to cast a greater number of votes, any such action shall be effective and valid if declared advisable and approved by the Board of Trustees, and approved by a majority of the votes cast at a meeting of Shareholders at which a quorum is present. All shares of all classes shall vote together as a single class provided that: (a) as to any matter with respect to which a separate vote of any class is required by the 1940 Act or any orders issued thereunder, such requirement as to a separate vote by that class shall apply in lieu of a general vote of all classes; (b) in the event that separate voting requirements apply with respect to one or more classes, then subject to subparagraph (c), the shares of all other classes not entitled to a separate vote shall vote together as a single class; and (d) as to any matter which in the judgment of the Board (which judgment shall be conclusive) does not affect the interest of a particular class, such class shall not be entitled to any vote and only the holders of shares of the one or more affected classes shall be entitled to vote. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws to the contrary, for such matters that require the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting Shares of the Company under the 1940 Act, such majority vote shall be determined as set forth in Section 2(a)(42) of the 1940 Act. The provisions of this Section 4.3 shall be subject to the limitations of the 1940 Act and other applicable statutes or regulations.
Section 4.4 Quorum. The determination of whether a quorum has been established for a meeting of the Company’s Shareholders shall be as set forth in the Bylaws.
Section 4.5 Preemptive Rights. Except as may be provided by the Board of Trustees in setting the terms of classified or reclassified Shares or as may otherwise be provided by contract approved by the Board, no Shareholder shall, as such Shareholder, have any preemptive right to purchase or subscribe for any additional Shares of the Company or any other Security of the Company that it may issue or sell.
Section 4.6 Appraisal Rights. Except as may be provided by the Board of Trustees in setting the terms of any class or series of Shares, and except in connection with a Roll-Up Transaction as provided in Section 12.1, no Shareholder shall be entitled to exercise appraisal rights in connection with any transaction.
Section 4.7 Determinations by the Board. The determination as to any of the following matters, made in good faith and in accordance with its fiduciary duties by or pursuant to the direction of the Board of Trustees consistent with this Declaration of Trust shall be final and conclusive and shall be binding upon the Company and every Shareholder: (i) the amount of the net income of the Company for any period and the amount of assets at any time legally available for the payment of dividends, redemption or repurchase of its Shares or the payment of other distributions on its Shares; (ii) the amount of stated capital, capital surplus, net assets, other surplus, annual or other net profit, net assets in excess of capital, undivided profits or excess of profits over losses on sales of assets; (iii) the amount, purpose, time of creation, increase or decrease, alteration or cancellation of any reserves or charges and the propriety thereof (whether or not any obligation or liability for which such reserves or charges shall have been created shall have been paid or discharged); (iv) any interpretation of the terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers or rights, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications or terms or conditions of redemption of any class or series of Shares of the Company; (v) the fair value, or any sale, bid or asked price to be applied in determining the fair value, of any asset owned or held by the Company or any Shares of the Company; (vi) any matter relating to the acquisition, holding and disposition of any assets by the Company; or (vii) any other matter relating to the business and affairs of the Company or required or permitted by applicable law, this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws or otherwise to be determined by the Board; provided, however, that any determination by the Board as to any of the preceding matters shall not render invalid or improper any action taken or omitted prior to such determination. Nothing in this Section 4.7 shall be deemed to prevent a Shareholder from bringing an action for breach of trust, either directly or derivatively.
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Section 4.8 Sole Discretion; Good Faith; Corporate Opportunities of Adviser.
Unless expressly provided otherwise herein or in the Company’s offering document (as may be amended from time to time), the Adviser and any Affiliate of the Adviser may engage in or possess an interest in other profit-seeking or business ventures of any nature or description, independently or with others, whether or not such ventures are competitive with the Company and the doctrine of corporate opportunity, or any analogous doctrine. To the extent that the Adviser acquires knowledge of a potential transaction, agreement, arrangement or other matter that may be an opportunity for the Company, it shall not have any duty to communicate or offer such opportunity to the Company, subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, and any applicable co-investment order issued by the Commission, and the Adviser shall not be liable to the Company or to the Shareholders for breach of any fiduciary or other duty by reason of the fact that the Adviser pursues or acquires for, or directs such opportunity to, another Person or does not communicate such opportunity or information to the Company. Neither the Company nor any Shareholder shall have any rights or obligations by virtue of this Declaration of Trust or the trust relationship created hereby in or to such independent ventures or the income or profits or losses derived therefrom, and the pursuit of such ventures, even if competitive with the activities of the Company, shall not be deemed wrongful or improper.
Section 4.9 Resignation and Removal of Trustees. Any of the Trustees may resign their trust (without need for prior or subsequent accounting) by an instrument in writing signed by such Trustee and delivered or mailed to the Trustees or the Chairman, if any, and such resignation shall be effective upon such delivery, or at a later date according to the terms of the instrument. Any Trustee may be removed from office at any time (provided the aggregate number of Trustees after such removal shall not be less than the minimum number required by Section 4.1 hereof) (i) by a majority of the remaining Trustees (or in the case of the removal of a Trustee that is not an Interested Person, a majority of the remaining Trustees that are not Interested Persons) but only for cause or (ii) upon a vote by the holders of more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding Shares of the Company entitled to vote with or without cause. Upon the resignation or removal of a Trustee, each such resigning or removed Trustee shall execute and deliver such documents as the remaining Trustees shall require for the purpose of conveying to the Company or the remaining Trustees any Company property held in the name of such resigning or removed Trustee. Upon the incapacity or death of any Trustee, such Trustee’s legal representative shall execute and deliver on such Trustee’s behalf such documents as the remaining Trustees shall require as provided in the preceding sentence. Except to the extent expressly provided in a written agreement with the Trust, no Trustee resigning and no Trustee removed shall have any right to any compensation for any period following the effective date of his resignation or removal, or any right to damages on account of a removal.
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Section 4.10 Business Combination. The Board of Trustees may not cause the Company to convert into or merge, reorganize or consolidate with or into one or more trusts, partnerships, limited liability companies, corporations or other business entities without the concurrence of a majority of the outstanding Shares of the Company. Any applicable certificate of merger, reorganization, consolidation or conversion or other certificate may be signed by any Trustee or an authorized officer of the Company. In accordance with Section 3815(f) of the Statutory Trust Act, any agreement of merger or consolidation may effect an amendment or an amendment and restatement to this Declaration of Trust and/or effect the adoption of a new declaration of trust of the Company or change the name of the Company, in each case if the Company is the surviving or resulting entity in the merger or consolidation.
Section 4.11 Special Meetings.
(a) General. The (i) Chairman, (ii) President, or (iii) a majority of the Board may call a special meeting of the Shareholders. Subject to subsection (b) of this Section 4.11, the Secretary of the Company shall call a special meeting of Shareholders upon the written request of the Shareholders entitled to cast not less than ten percent (10%) of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting.
(b) Shareholder Requested Special Meetings.
(i) Any Shareholder of record seeking to have Shareholders request a special meeting shall, by sending written notice to the Secretary (the “Record Date Request Notice”) by registered mail, return receipt requested, request the Board to fix a record date to determine the Shareholders entitled to request a special meeting (the “Request Record Date”). The Record Date Request Notice shall set forth the purpose of the meeting and the matters proposed to be acted on at it, shall be signed by one or more Shareholders of record as of the date of signature (or their agents duly authorized in a writing accompanying the Record Date Request Notice), shall bear the date of signature of each such Shareholder (or such agent) and shall set forth all information relating to each such Shareholder that must be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for election of Trustees in an election contest (even if an election contest is not involved), or as otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A (or any successor provision) under the Exchange Act. Upon receiving the Record Date Request Notice and subject to the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, the Board may fix a Request Record Date. The Request Record Date shall not precede and shall not be more than ten (10) days after the close of business on the date on which the resolution fixing the Request Record Date is adopted by the Board. If the Board, within ten (10) days after the date on which a valid Record Date Request Notice is received, fails to adopt a resolution fixing the Request Record Date, the Request Record Date shall be the close of business on the tenth (10th) day after the first date on which the Record Date Request Notice is received by the Secretary.
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(ii) In order for any Shareholder to request a special meeting, one or more written requests for a special meeting signed by Shareholders of record (or their agents duly authorized in a writing accompanying the request) as of the Request Record Date entitled to cast not less than ten percent (10%) (the “Special Meeting Percentage”) of all of the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting (the “Special Meeting Request”) shall be delivered to the Secretary. In addition, the Special Meeting Request shall set forth the purpose of the meeting and the matters proposed to be acted on at it (which shall be limited to the matters set forth in the Record Date Request Notice received by the Secretary), shall bear the date of signature of each such Shareholder (or such agent) signing the Special Meeting Request, shall set forth the name and address, as they appear in the Company’s books, of each Shareholder signing such Special Meeting Request (or on whose behalf the Special Meeting Request is signed) and the class, series and number of all Shares of the Company which are owned by each such Shareholder, and the nominee holder for, and number of, Shares owned beneficially but not of record, shall be sent to the Secretary by registered mail, return receipt requested, and shall be received by the Secretary within sixty (60) days after the Request Record Date (the “Special Meeting Request Deadline”). Any requesting Shareholder may revoke his, her or its request for a special meeting at any time by written revocation delivered to the Secretary (or agent duly authorized in a writing accompanying the revocation or the Special Meeting Request).
(iii) If the Special Meeting Percentage is met by the Special Meeting Request Deadline, the Secretary shall inform the requesting Shareholders of the reasonably estimated cost of preparing and mailing the notice of meeting (including the Company’s proxy materials). The Secretary shall not be required to call a special meeting upon Shareholder request and such meeting shall not be held unless, in addition to the documents required by this subsection, the Secretary receives payment of such reasonably estimated cost prior to the mailing of any notice of the meeting.
(iv) Except as provided in the next sentence, any special meeting shall be held at such place, date and time as may be designated by the President or the Board of Trustees, whoever has called the meeting. In the case of any special meeting called by the Secretary upon the request of Shareholders (a “Shareholder Requested Meeting”), such meeting shall be held at such place, date and time as may be designated by the Board of Trustees; provided, however, that the date of any Shareholder Requested Meeting shall be not more than sixty (60) days nor less than fifteen (15) days after the Meeting Record Date (as defined below); and provided further that if the Board fails to designate, within ten (10) days after the date that a valid Special Meeting Request is actually received by the Secretary (the “Delivery Date”), a date and time for a Shareholder requested meeting, then such meeting shall be held at 2:00 p.m. local time on the sixtieth (60th) day after the Meeting Record Date (as defined below) or, if such sixtieth (60th) day is not a Business Day (as defined below), on the first preceding Business Day. The Secretary shall provide a notice to all Shareholders of such Shareholder Requested Meeting within ten (10) days of the Delivery Date, by person or by mail, of the date, time and location of such Shareholder Requested Meeting and the purpose of the Shareholder Requested Meeting; provided that in the event that the Board fails to designate a place for a Shareholder Requested Meeting within ten (10) days after the Delivery Date, then such meeting shall be held at the principal executive office of the Company. In fixing a date for any special meeting, the President or the Board of Trustees may consider such factors as the Trustees deem relevant within the good faith exercise of business judgment, including, without limitation, the nature of the matters to be considered, the facts and circumstances surrounding any request for meeting and any plan of the Board to call an annual meeting or a special meeting. In the case of any Shareholder Requested Meeting, the Board shall, within 10 days of the Delivery Date, fix a meeting record date that is a date not later than thirty (30) days after the Delivery Date (“Meeting Record Date”). If the Board fails to designate, within ten (10) days after the Delivery Date, a Meeting Record Date, then the Meeting Record Date shall be the date that is 30 days after the Delivery Date or, if such thirtieth (30th) day is not a Business Day, on the first preceding Business Day. The Board of Trustees may revoke the notice for any Shareholder Requested Meeting in the event that the requesting Shareholders fail to comply with the provisions of paragraph (iii) of this Section 4.11(b).
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(v) If written revocations of requests for the special meeting have been delivered to the Secretary and the result is that Shareholders of record (or their agents duly authorized in writing), as of the Request Record Date, entitled to cast less than the Special Meeting Percentage have delivered, and not revoked, requests for a special meeting to the Secretary, the Secretary shall: (i) if the notice of meeting has not already been mailed, refrain from mailing the notice of the meeting and send to all requesting Shareholders who have not revoked such requests written notice of any revocation of a request for the special meeting, or (ii) if the notice of meeting has been mailed, and if the Secretary first sends to all requesting Shareholders who have not revoked requests for a special meeting written notice of any revocation of a request for the special meeting and written notice of the Secretary’s intention to revoke the notice of the meeting, revoke the notice of the meeting at any time at least ten (10) days before the commencement of the meeting. Any request for a special meeting received after a revocation by the Secretary of a notice of a meeting shall be considered a request for a new special meeting.
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(vi) The Board, the Chairman or the President may appoint independent inspectors of elections to act as the agent of the Company for the purpose of promptly performing a ministerial review of the validity of any purported Special Meeting Request received by the Secretary. For the purpose of permitting the inspectors to perform such review, no such purported request shall be deemed to have been delivered to the Secretary until the earlier of (i) five (5) Business Days after receipt by the Secretary of such purported request and (ii) such date as the independent inspectors certify to the Company that the valid requests received by the Secretary represent, as of the Request Record Date, not less than the Special Meeting Percentage. Nothing contained in this subsection (6) shall in any way be construed to suggest or imply that the Company or any Shareholder shall not be entitled to contest the validity of any request, whether during or after such five (5) Business Day period, or to take any other action (including, without limitation, the commencement, prosecution or defense of any litigation with respect thereto, and the seeking of injunctive relief in such litigation).
(vii) For purposes of this Section 4.11, “Business Day” shall mean any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or other day on which banking institutions in the State of New York are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.
Section 4.12 Trust Only. It is the intention of the Trustees to create only the relationship of Trustee and beneficiary between the Trustees and each Shareholder from time to time. It is not the intention of the Trustees to create a general partnership, limited partnership, joint stock association, corporation, bailment or any form of legal relationship other than a Delaware statutory trust. Nothing in this Declaration of Trust shall be construed to make the Shareholders, either by themselves or with the Trustees, partners or members of a general partnership, limited partnership, joint stock association or any form of legal relationship other than a Delaware statutory trust.
Section 4.13 Trustee Action by Written Consent. Any action which may be taken by Trustees by vote may be taken without a meeting if that number of the Trustees, or members of a committee, as the case may be, required for approval of such action at a meeting of the Trustees or of such committee at which all of the Trustees are present and voted consent to the action in writing and the written consents are filed with the records of the meetings of Trustees. Such consent shall be treated for all purposes as a vote taken at a meeting of Trustees.
Section 4.14 Officers. The Trustees shall elect a President, a Secretary and a Chief Financial Officer and may elect a Chairman who shall serve at the pleasure of the Trustees or until their successors are elected. The Trustees may elect or appoint or may authorize the Chairman, if any, or the President to appoint such other officers or agents with such powers as the Trustees may deem to be advisable. A Chairman shall, and the President, Secretary and Chief Financial Officer may, but need not, be a Trustee. All officers shall owe to the Company and its Shareholders the same fiduciary duties (and only such fiduciary duties) as owed by officers of corporations to such corporations and their stockholders under the DGCL.
Section 4.15 Principal Transactions. Subject to Sections 10.1 and 10.2, except to the extent prohibited by applicable law and Sections V.A and V.B of the Omnibus Guidelines (where “Program” in each such section of the Omnibus Guidelines shall be the Company), the Trustees may, on behalf of the Company, buy any securities from or sell any securities to, or lend any assets of the Company to any Trustee or officer of the Company or any firm of which any such Trustee or officer is a member acting as principal, or have any such dealings with any Affiliate of the Company, investment adviser, investment sub-adviser, distributor or transfer agent for the Company or with any Interested Person of such Affiliate or other person; and the Company may employ any such Affiliate or other person, or firm or company in which such Affiliate or other person is an Interested Person, as broker, legal counsel, registrar, investment advisor, investment sub-advisor, distributor, transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent, custodian or in any other capacity upon customary terms.
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Section 4.16 Subsidiaries. Without approval or vote by Shareholders, the Trustees may cause to be organized or assist in organizing one or more corporations, trusts, partnerships, associations or other organizations to take over all of the Company’s property or to carry on any business in which the Company shall directly or indirectly have any interest and to sell, convey, and transfer all or a portion of the Company’s property to any such corporation, trust, limited liability company, association or organization in exchange for the shares or securities thereof, or otherwise, and to lend money to, subscribe for the shares or securities of and enter into any contracts with any such corporation, trust, limited liability company, partnership, association or organization, or any corporation, partnership, trust, limited liability company, association or organization in which the Company holds or is about to acquire shares or any other interests.
Section 4.17 Delegation. Subject only to any limitations required by federal law including the 1940 Act, the Trustees may delegate any and all powers and authority hereunder as they consider desirable to any officer of the Company, to any committee of the Trustees, any committee composed of Trustees and other persons and any committee composed only of persons other than Trustees and to any agent, independent contractor or employee of the Company or to any custodian, administrator, transfer or shareholder servicing agent, manager, investment advisor or sub-advisor, principal underwriter or other service provider, provided that such delegation of power or authority by the Trustees shall not cause any Trustee to cease to be a Trustee of the Company or cause such person, officer, agent, employee, custodian, transfer or shareholder servicing agent, manager, principal underwriter or other service provider to whom any power or authority has been delegated to be a Trustee of the Company. The reference in this Declaration of Trust to the right of the Trustees to, or circumstances under which they may, delegate any power or authority, or the reference in this Declaration of Trust to the authorized agents of the Trustees or any other Person to whom any power or authority has or may be delegated pursuant to any specific provision of this Declaration of Trust, shall not limit the authority of the Trustees to delegate any other power or authority under this Declaration of Trust to any Person, subject only to any limitations under federal law including the 1940 Act.
Section 4.18 Meetings by Remote Communication. The Trustees may provide for meetings by remote communication as provided in the Bylaws or as otherwise determined by the Trustees.
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ARTICLE V
SHARES
Section 5.1 Authorized Shares. The beneficial interest in the Company shall at all times be divided into an unlimited number of Shares. The Shares of the Company shall initially consist of Common Shares, with par value of $0.001 per share or such other par value as may be authorized from time to time by the Trustees in their sole discretion without Shareholder approval. All Common Shares shall be fully paid and nonassessable when issued. Mandatory assessments of Common Shares shall be prohibited and the Company shall not make any mandatory assessment against any Shareholder beyond such Shareholder’s subscription commitment. Any different classes or series shall be established and designated, and the variations in the relative rights and preferences as between the different classes shall be fixed and determined, by the Trustees without Shareholder approval. Subject to compliance with the 1940 Act, the Trustees may create one or more classes of preferred shares (the “Preferred Shares”), which may be divided into one or more series of Preferred Shares, with such par value as may be authorized from time to time by the Trustees in their sole discretion without Shareholder approval. The Company is authorized to offer and issue an unlimited number of Common Shares and an unlimited number of Preferred Shares.
Section 5.2 Authorization by Board of Share Issuance. The Board of Trustees may authorize the issuance from time to time of Shares of the Company of any class or series, whether now or hereafter authorized, or securities or rights convertible into Shares of any class or series, whether now or hereafter authorized, for such consideration as the Board may deem advisable (or without consideration in the case of a split of Shares or dividend), subject to such restrictions or limitations, if any, as may be set forth in this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws.
Section 5.3 Classification or Reclassification by the Board. As contemplated by Section 5.1, the variations in the relative rights and preferences as between any classes of Common Shares and any potential Preferred Shares shall be fixed and determined by the Trustees; provided that all Common Shares or Preferred Shares of the Company or of any series shall be identical to all other Common Shares or Preferred Shares of the Company or of the same series, as the case may be, except that, to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, there may be any variations between different classes or series of Shares as fixed and determined by the Trustees including as to allocation of expenses, rights of redemption, special and relative rights and preferences as to dividends and distributions and on liquidation, conversion rights, and conditions under which the several classes shall have separate voting rights. All of the outstanding Common Shares as of the date hereof issued to the sole initial shareholder shall be classified as Class I Shares with such terms as set forth in the initial prospectus of the Company, as thereafter subsequently modified from time to time. Any class of Preferred Shares shall have such rights and preferences and priorities over the Common Shares as may be established by the terms thereof; provided that the Company may not issue any shares of preferred shares that would limit or subordinate the voting rights of holders of Common Shares, as set forth in the Omnibus Guidelines, unless required by the 1940 Act.
The following provisions shall be applicable to any division of Shares of the Company into one or more classes or series:
(a) All provisions herein relating to the Shares, or any class or series of Shares of the Company, including Common Shares and Preferred Shares, shall apply equally to each class of Shares of the Company or of any series of the Company, except as the context requires otherwise.
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(b) The number of Shares of each class that may be issued shall be unlimited. The Trustees may classify or reclassify any Shares or any class of any Shares into one or more other classes that may be established and designated from time to time. The Company may purchase and hold Shares as treasury shares, reissue such treasury shares for such consideration and on such terms as the Trustees may determine, or cancel any Shares of any class or series acquired by the Company at the Trustees’ discretion from time to time.
(c) Liabilities, expenses, costs, charges and reserves related to the distribution of, and other identified expenses that should properly be allocated to, the Shares of a particular class or series within the class may be charged to and borne solely by such class or series, and the bearing of expenses solely by a class of shares or series may be appropriately reflected (in a manner determined by the Trustees) in, and cause differences in the dividend, redemption and liquidation rights of, the Shares of different classes or series. Each allocation of liabilities, expenses, costs, charges and reserves by the Trustees in their reasonable judgment shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders of all classes for all purposes.
(d) The establishment and designation of any class or series of Shares shall be effective upon resolution by a majority of the Trustees, adopting a resolution which sets forth such establishment and designation and the relative rights and preferences of such class or series. Each such resolution shall be incorporated herein by reference upon adoption. The Trustees may, by resolution of a majority of the Trustees, abolish any class or series and the establishment and designation thereof. To the extent the provisions set forth in such resolution conflict with the provisions of this Declaration of Trust with respect to any such rights and privileges of the class or series of Shares, such resolutions shall control.
Section 5.4 Dividends and Distributions.
(a) Unless otherwise expressly provided in this Declaration of Trust, the holders of each class or series of Shares shall be entitled to dividends and distributions in such amounts and at such times as may be determined by the Board, and the dividends and distributions paid with respect to the various classes or series of Shares may vary among such classes or series.
(b) The Trustees may always retain from the net profits such amount as they may deem necessary to pay the debts or expenses of the Company or to meet obligations of the Company (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, the payment of the Adviser’s fees), or as they otherwise may deem desirable to use in the conduct of its affairs or to retain for future requirements or extensions of the business. Normally, such amount shall not be less than 1% of the offering proceeds of the Company.
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(c) From time to time and not less than quarterly, the Company shall review the Company’s accounts to determine whether cash distributions are appropriate. The Company may, subject to authorization by the Board of Trustees, distribute to the Shareholders funds received by the Company that the Board of Trustees deems unnecessary to retain in the Company. The Board may authorize the Company to declare and pay to Shareholders such dividends or distributions, in cash or other assets of the Company or in Securities of the Company or from any other source, as the Board in its discretion shall determine, subject to the further provisions of this paragraph. The Board shall endeavor to authorize the Company to declare and pay such dividends and distributions: (i) as shall be necessary for the Company to qualify as a “Regulated Investment Company” under the Code and a business development company under the 1940 Act, and (ii) to the extent that the Board deems it unnecessary for the Company to retain funds received by it; provided, however, that in each case Shareholders shall have no right to any dividend or distribution unless and until authorized by the Board and declared by the Company. Distributions pursuant to this Section 5.4 may be among the Shareholders of record of the applicable class or series of Shares at the time of declaring a distribution or among the Shareholders of record at such later date as the Trustees shall determine and specify. The exercise of the powers and rights of the Board pursuant to this Section 5.4 shall be subject to the provisions of any class or series of shares at the time outstanding. The receipt by any Person in whose name any shares are registered on the records of the Company or by his or her duly authorized agent shall be a sufficient discharge for all dividends or distributions payable or deliverable in respect of such shares and from all liability to see to the application thereof. Distributions in kind shall not be permitted, except for distributions of readily marketable Securities, distributions of the interests in a liquidating trust established in connection with the dissolution of the Company and the liquidation of its assets in accordance with the terms of this Declaration of Trust, or distributions in which: (i) the Board advises each Shareholder of the risks associated with direct ownership of the property, (ii) the Board offers each Shareholder the election of receiving such in-kind distributions or cash in an amount determined by the Board to be equivalent to the value of the in-kind distribution that would otherwise have been made, and (iii) in-kind distributions are made only to those Shareholders that accept such offer with all others getting cash in an amount determined by the Board to be equivalent to the value of the in-kind distribution that would otherwise have been made.
(d) Inasmuch as the computation of net income and gains for Federal income tax purposes may vary from the computation thereof on the books, the above provisions shall be interpreted to give the Trustees the power in their discretion to distribute for any fiscal year as ordinary dividends and as capital gains distributions, respectively, additional amounts sufficient to enable the Company to avoid or reduce liability for taxes.
(e) If a declaration of dividends or distributions is made pursuant to this Section, then at any time prior to the related payment date, the Board may, in its sole discretion, rescind such declaration or change each of the record date and payment date to a later date or dates (in each case for a period of not greater than 180 days after each of the record date and payment date theretofore in effect and provided the payment date as so changed is not more than 60 days after the record date as so changed).
(f) In no event, however, shall funds be advanced or borrowed for the purpose of distributions if the amount of such distributions would exceed the Company’s accrued and received revenues for the previous four quarters, less paid and accrued operating costs with respect to such revenues, and costs shall be made in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied. Cash distributions from the Company to the Sponsor shall only be made in conjunction with distributions to Shareholders and only out of funds properly allocated to the Sponsor’s account.
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Section 5.5 Proportionate Rights. All shares of each particular class shall represent an equal proportionate interest in the assets attributable to the class (subject to the liabilities of that class), and each share of any particular class shall be equal to each other share of that class, subject to any variations permitted under this Declaration of Trust. The Board of Trustees may, from time to time, divide or combine the shares of any particular class into a greater or lesser number of shares of that class without thereby changing the proportionate interest in the assets attributable to that class or in any way affecting the rights of holders of shares of any other class.
Section 5.6 Distributions in Liquidation. Unless otherwise expressly provided in this Declaration of Trust, in the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of all classes of Shares of the Company shall be entitled, after payment or provision for payment of the debts and other liabilities of the Company (as such liability may affect one or more of the classes and/or series of Shares of the Company), to share ratably in the remaining net assets of the Company.
Section 5.7 Deferred Payments. The Company shall not have authority to make arrangements for deferred payments on account of the purchase price of shares of the Company’s Shares unless all of the following conditions are met: (a) such arrangements are warranted by the Company’s investment objectives; (b) the period of deferred payments coincides with the anticipated cash needs of the Company; (c) the deferred payments shall be evidenced by a promissory note of the Shareholder, which note shall be with recourse, shall not be negotiable, shall be assignable only subject to defenses of the maker and shall not contain a provision authorizing a confession of judgment; and (d) selling commissions and Front End Fees paid upon deferred payments are payable when payment is made on the note. The Company shall not sell or assign the deferred obligation notes at a discount. In the event of default in the payment of deferred payments by a Shareholder, the Shareholder may be subjected to a reasonable penalty.
Section 5.8 Fractional Shares. The Company shall have authority to issue fractional shares. Any fractional Shares shall carry proportionately all of the rights of a whole share, including the right to vote and the right to receive dividends and other distributions.
Section 5.9 Declaration of Trust and Bylaws. All persons who shall acquire Shares in the Company shall acquire the same subject to the provisions of this Declaration of Trust and the Bylaws.
Section 5.10 Redemptions. Holders of Shares of the Company shall not be entitled to require the Company to repurchase or redeem Shares of the Company.
Section 5.11 Disclosure of Holding. The holders of Shares or other securities of the Company shall, upon demand, disclose to the Trustees in writing such information with respect to direct and indirect ownership of Shares or other securities of the Company as the Trustees deem necessary to comply with the provisions of the Code, the 1940 Act or other applicable laws or regulations, or to comply with the requirements of any other taxing or regulatory authority.
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Section 5.12 Repurchase of Shares. The Trustees shall have the power to issue, sell, repurchase, redeem, retire, cancel, acquire, hold, resell, reissue, dispose of, transfer and otherwise deal in Shares, including Shares in fractional denominations, and to apply to any such repurchase, redemption, retirement, cancellation or acquisition of Shares any funds or property. The Trustees may establish, from time to time, a program or programs by which the Company voluntarily repurchases Shares from the Shareholders; provided, however, that such repurchases do not impair the capital or operations of the Company.
Section 5.13 Power to Modify Foregoing Procedures. Notwithstanding any of the foregoing provisions of this Article V, the Trustees may prescribe, in their absolute discretion except as may be required by the 1940 Act, such bases and times for determining the per share asset value of the Company’s Shares or net income, or the declaration and payment of dividends and distributions, as they may deem necessary or desirable for any reason, including to enable the Company to comply with any provision of the 1940 Act, federal securities laws, state securities laws, or any securities exchange or association registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any order of exemption issued by the SEC, all as in effect now or hereafter amended or modified.
Section 5.14 ERISA Restrictions. Notwithstanding any other provision herein, if and to the extent that any class of Shares do not constitute Publicly Offered Securities, in order to avoid the possibility that the underlying assets of the Company could be treated as assets of a Benefit Plan Investor pursuant to the Plan Asset Regulation, the Company, at the direction of the Board of Trustees or any duly-authorized committee of the Board, or, if authorized by the Board, any officer of the Company or the Adviser on behalf of the Company, shall have the power to (1) require any Person proposing to acquire Shares to furnish such information as may be necessary to determine whether such person is (i) a Benefit Plan Investor, or (ii) an ERISA Controlling Person, (2) exclude any shareholder or potential shareholder from purchasing Common Shares, (3) prohibit any repurchase of Shares to any Person and (4) repurchase any or all outstanding Shares held by a Shareholder for such price and on such other terms and conditions as may be determined by or at the direction of the Board.
ARTICLE VI
AMENDMENTS; CERTAIN EXTRAORDINARY ACTIONS
Section 6.1 Amendments Generally. The Board of Trustees reserves the right, without any vote of Shareholders, from time to time to make any amendment to this Declaration of Trust, now or hereafter authorized by law, including any amendment altering the terms or contract rights, as expressly set forth in this Declaration of Trust, of any outstanding Shares; provided, however, that if any amendment or new addition to this Declaration of Trust adversely affects the rights of Shareholders hereunder, such amendment or addition must also be approved by the holders of more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding Shares of the Company entitled to vote thereon. All rights and powers conferred by this Declaration of Trust on Shareholders, Trustees and officers are granted subject to this reservation.
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Section 6.2 [Reserved.]
Section 6.3 Approval of Certain Amendments to Bylaws. The Board of Trustees shall have the exclusive power to adopt, alter or repeal any provision of the Bylaws and to make new Bylaws; provided, however, that if any amendment to the Bylaws adversely affects the voting rights of Shareholders, such amendment must be approved by the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Company entitled to vote on the matter (as “majority” is defined in Section 2(a)(42) of the 1940 Act).
Section 6.4 [Reserved.]
Section 6.5 Execution of Amendments. Upon obtaining such approvals required by this Declaration of Trust and the Bylaws and without further action or execution by any other Person, including the Delaware Trustee or any Shareholder, (i) any amendment to this Declaration of Trust may be implemented and reflected in a writing executed solely by the requisite members of the Board of Trustees, and (ii) the Delaware Trustee and the Shareholders shall be deemed a party to and bound by such amendment of this Declaration of Trust; provided, however, the Delaware Trustee’s written consent shall be required for any amendment that would adversely affect the rights or duties of the Delaware Trustee hereunder.
ARTICLE VII
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY; INDEMNIFICATION AND
ADVANCE OF EXPENSES
Section 7.1 Limitation of Shareholder Liability. Shareholders shall be entitled to the same limited liability extended to Shareholders of private Delaware for profit corporations formed under the DGCL. No Shareholder shall be liable for any debt, claim, demand, judgment or obligation of any kind of, against or with respect to the Company by reason of being a Shareholder, nor shall any Shareholder be subject to any personal liability whatsoever, in tort, contract or otherwise, to any Person in connection with the Company’s assets or the affairs of the Company by reason of being a Shareholder.
Section 7.2 Limitation of Trustee and Officer Liability. To the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, subject to any limitation set forth under the federal securities laws, state securities laws or in this Article VII, no Trustee or officer of the Company shall be liable to the Company or its Shareholders for money damages. Neither the amendment nor repeal of this Section 7.2, nor the adoption or amendment of any other provision of this Declaration of Trust or Bylaws inconsistent with this Section 7.2, shall apply to or affect in any respect the applicability of the preceding sentence with respect to any act or failure to act that occurred prior to such amendment, repeal or adoption. The Company may not incur the cost of that portion of liability insurance which insures the Sponsor for any liability as to which the Sponsor is prohibited from being indemnified.
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Section 7.3 Indemnification.
(a) Each Person who was or is made a party to or is threatened to be made a party to or is otherwise involved in any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, or investigative (hereinafter a “proceeding”), by reason of the fact:
(i) that he or she is or was a Trustee, officer, employee, Controlling Person or agent of the Company, or
(ii) that he or she, being at the time a Trustee, officer, employee or agent of the Company, is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, trustee, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to an employee benefit plan (collectively, “another enterprise” or “other enterprise”),
whether, either in case (i) or in case (ii), the basis of such proceeding is alleged action or inaction (x) in an official capacity as a Trustee, officer, employee, Controlling Person or agent of the Company, or as a director, trustee, officer, employee or agent of such other enterprise, or (y) in any other capacity related to the Company or such other enterprise while so serving as a director, trustee, officer, employee or agent, shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Company to the fullest extent not prohibited by Delaware law and subject to paragraphs (b) and (c) below, from and against all liability, loss, judgments, penalties, fines, settlements, and reasonable expenses (including attorneys’ fees and amounts paid in settlement and including costs of enforcement of rights under this Section) (collectively, “Liability and Losses”) actually incurred or suffered by such Person in connection therewith. The Persons indemnified hereunder are hereinafter referred to as “Indemnitees.” Such indemnification as to such alleged action or inaction shall continue as to an Indemnitee who has after such alleged action or inaction ceased to be a Trustee, officer, employee, Controlling Person or agent of the Company, or director, officer, employee or agent of another enterprise, and shall inure to the benefit of the Indemnitee’s heirs, executors and administrators. The right to indemnification conferred under this Article VII: (A) shall be a contract right; (B) shall not be affected adversely as to any Indemnitee by any amendment or repeal of this Declaration of Trust with respect to any action or inaction occurring prior to such amendment or repeal; and (C) shall vest immediately upon election or appointment of such Indemnitee.
(b) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Company shall not provide any indemnification of an Indemnitee pursuant to paragraph (a) above, unless all of the following conditions are met:
(i) The Company has determined, in good faith, that any course of conduct of such Indemnitee giving rise to the Liability and Losses was in the best interests of the Company.
(ii) The Indemnitee was acting on behalf of or performing services for the Company.
(iii) Such Liability and Losses were not the result of (1) negligence or misconduct, in the case that the Indemnitee is the Sponsor or a Trustee (other than an Independent Trustee), officer, employee, Controlling Person or agent of the Company, or (2) gross negligence or willful misconduct, in the case that the Indemnitee is an Independent Trustee.
(iv) Such indemnification is recoverable only out of the net assets of the Company and not from the Shareholders.
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(c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Company shall not provide any indemnification of any Person acting as a broker-dealer for the Company, or an Indemnitee pursuant to paragraph (a) above, for any Liability and Losses arising from or out of an alleged violation of federal or state securities laws by such Person or Indemnitee unless one or more of the following conditions are met: (i) there has been a successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged securities law violations as to the Indemnitee, (ii) such claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction as to the Indemnitee or (iii) a court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of the claims against the Indemnitee and finds that indemnification of the settlement and the related costs should be made, and the court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the position of the SEC and of the published position of any state securities regulatory authority in which securities were offered or sold as to indemnification for violations of securities laws.
Section 7.4 Payment of Expenses. The Company shall pay or reimburse reasonable legal expenses and other costs incurred by an Indemnitee in advance of the final disposition of a proceeding if all of the following are satisfied: (i) the proceeding relates to acts or omissions with respect to the performance of duties or services on behalf of the Company, (ii) the Indemnitee provides the Company with written affirmation of the Indemnitee’s good faith belief that the Indemnitee has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by the Company as authorized by Section 7.3 hereof, (iii) the legal proceeding was initiated by a third party who is not a Shareholder or, if by a Shareholder of the Company acting in his or her capacity as such, a court of competent jurisdiction approves such advancement, and (iv) the Indemnitee provides the Company with a written agreement to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the Company, together with the applicable legal rate of interest thereon, if it is ultimately determined by a final, non-appealable decision of a court of competent jurisdiction that the Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification.
Section 7.5 Limitations to Indemnification. The provisions of this Article VII shall be subject to the limitations of the 1940 Act.
Section 7.6 Express Exculpatory Clauses in Instruments. Neither the Shareholders nor the Trustees, officers, employees or agents of the Company shall be liable under any written instrument creating an obligation of the Company by reason of their being Shareholders, Trustees, officers, employees or agents of the Company, and all Persons shall look solely to the Company’s net assets for the payment of any claim under or for the performance of that instrument. The omission of the foregoing exculpatory language from any instrument shall not affect the validity or enforceability of such instrument and shall not render any Shareholder, Trustee, officer, employee or agent liable thereunder to any third party, nor shall the Trustees or any officer, employee or agent of the Company be liable to anyone as a result of such omission.
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Section 7.7 Non-exclusivity. Subject to Section 7.3, the indemnification and advancement of expenses provided or authorized by this Article VII shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights, by indemnification or otherwise, to which any Indemnitee may be entitled under the Bylaws, a resolution of Shareholders or Trustees, an agreement or otherwise.
Section 7.8 No Bond Required of Trustees. No Trustee shall, as such, be obligated to give any bond or other security for the performance of any of his duties hereunder.
Section 7.9 No Duty of Investigation; No Notice in Trust Instruments, etc. No purchaser, lender, transfer agent or other person dealing with the Trustees or with any officer, employee or agent of the Company shall be bound to make any inquiry concerning the validity of any transaction purporting to be made by the Trustees or by said officer, employee or agent or be liable for the application of money or property paid, loaned or delivered to or on the order of the Trustees or of said officer, employee or agent. Every obligation, contract, undertaking, instrument, certificate, Share, other security of the Company, and every other act or thing whatsoever executed in connection with the Company shall be conclusively taken to have been executed or done by the executors thereof only in their capacity as Trustees under this Declaration of Trust or in their capacity as officers, employees or agents of the Company. The Trustees may maintain insurance for the protection of the Company’s property, the Shareholders, Trustees, officers, employees and agents in such amount as the Trustees shall deem adequate to cover possible tort liability, and such other insurance as the Trustees in their sole judgment shall deem advisable or is required by the 1940 Act.
Section 7.10 Reliance on Experts, etc. The Trustees may rely in good faith upon advice of counsel or other experts with respect to the meaning and operation of this Declaration of Trust and their duties as Trustees hereunder and shall be under no liability for any act or omission in accordance with such advice; provided the Trustees shall be under no liability for failing to follow such advice. A Trustee shall be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the records of the Company and upon information, opinions, reports or statements presented by another Trustee or any officer, employee or other agent of the Company, or by any other Person as to matters the Trustee believes in good faith are within such other Person’s professional or expert competence, including information, opinions, reports or statements as to the value and amount of the assets, liabilities, profits or losses of the Company or any series or class, or the value and amount of assets or reserves or contracts, agreements or other undertakings that would be sufficient to pay claims and obligations of the Company or any series or class or to make reasonable provision to pay such claims and obligations, or any other facts pertinent to the existence and amount of assets from which distributions to Shareholders or creditors of the Company might properly be paid.
ARTICLE VIII
ADVISER, ADMINISTRATOR AND CUSTODIAN; DISTRIBUTION ARRANGEMENTS
Section 8.1 Supervision of Adviser and Administrator.
(a) Subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Board of Trustees may exercise broad discretion in allowing the Adviser and, if applicable, an Administrator, to administer and regulate the operations of the Company, to act as agent for the Company, to execute documents on behalf of the Company and to make executive decisions that conform to general policies and principles established by the Board. The Board shall monitor the Adviser, or if any, the Administrator, to assure that the administrative procedures, operations and programs of the Company are in the best interests of the Shareholders and are fulfilled and that (i) the expenses incurred are reasonable in light of the investment performance of the Company, its net assets and its net income, (ii) all Front End Fees shall be reasonable and shall not exceed eighteen percent (18%) of the gross proceeds of any offering, regardless of the source of payment, and (iii) the percentage of gross proceeds of any offering committed to investment shall be at least eighty- two percent (82%). All items of compensation to underwriters or dealers, including, but not limited to, selling commissions, expenses, rights of first refusal, consulting fees, finders’ fees and all other items of compensation of any kind or description paid by the Company, directly or indirectly, shall be taken into consideration in computing the amount of allowable Front End Fees.
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(b) The Board of Trustees is responsible for determining that compensation paid to the Adviser is reasonable in relation to the nature and quality of services performed and the investment performance of the Company and that the provisions of the Advisory Agreement are being carried out. The Board may consider all factors that they deem relevant in making these determinations. So long as the Company is a business development company under the 1940 Act, compensation to the Adviser shall be considered presumptively reasonable if the incentive fee is limited to the participation in net gains allowed by the 1940 Act.
Section 8.2 Fiduciary Obligations of Adviser. The Advisory Agreement shall provide that the Adviser has a fiduciary responsibility for the safekeeping and use of all funds and assets of the Company, whether or not in the Sponsor’s immediate possession or control, and that the Adviser shall not employ, or permit another to employ, such funds or assets in any manner except for the exclusive benefit of the Company. The Company shall not permit any Shareholder to contract away any fiduciary obligation owed by the Adviser under common law.
Section 8.3 Experience of Adviser. The Board of Trustees shall determine the sufficiency and adequacy of the relevant experience and qualifications for the officers of the Company given the business objective of the Company in accordance with the requirements of Section II.A of the Omnibus Guidelines. The Board shall determine whether any Adviser possesses sufficient qualifications to perform the advisory function for the Company and whether the compensation provided for in its contract with the Company is justified in accordance with Section II.A of the requirements of the Omnibus Guidelines.
Section 8.4 Termination of Advisory Agreement. The Advisory Agreement shall provide that it is terminable (a) by the Company upon sixty (60) days’ written notice to the Adviser: (i) upon the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Company entitled to vote on the matter (as “majority” is defined in Section 2(a)(42) of the 1940 Act) or (ii) by the vote of the Independent Trustees; or (b) by the Adviser upon not less than one hundred twenty (120) days’ written notice to the Company and Shareholders, in each case without cause or penalty. In the event of termination, the Adviser will cooperate with the Company and the Board in making an orderly transition of the advisory function. In addition, if the Company elects to continue its operations following termination of the Advisory Agreement by the Adviser, the Adviser shall pay all direct expenses incurred as a direct result of its withdrawal. Upon termination of the Advisory Agreement, the Company shall pay the Adviser all amounts then accrued but unpaid to the Adviser. The method of payment must be fair and protect the solvency and liquidity of the Company, in accordance with Section II.E.3 of the Omnibus Guidelines.
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Section 8.5 Organization and Offering Expenses Limitation. Unless otherwise provided in any resolution adopted by the Board of Trustees, the Company shall reimburse the Adviser and its Affiliates for Organization and Offering Expenses incurred by the Adviser or its Affiliates; provided, however, that the total amount of all Organization and Offering Expenses shall be reasonable, as determined by the Board, and shall be included in Front End Fees for purposes of the limit on such Front End Fees set forth in Section 8.1.
Section 8.6 Acquisition Fees. The Company may pay the Adviser and/or its Affiliates fees for the review and evaluation of potential investments; provided, however, that the Board of Trustees shall conclude that the total of all Acquisition Fees and Acquisition Expenses shall be reasonable.
Section 8.7 Reimbursement of Adviser. The Company shall not reimburse the Adviser or its Affiliates for services for which the Adviser or its Affiliates are entitled to compensation in the form of a separate fee. Excluded from the allowable reimbursement shall be: (a) rent or depreciation, utilities, capital equipment, other administrative items of the Adviser; and (b) salaries, fringe benefits, travel expenses and other administrative items incurred or allocated to any Controlling Person of the Adviser.
Section 8.8 Reimbursement of Administrator. In the event the Company executes an agreement for the provision of administrative services, the Company may reimburse the Administrator, at the end of each fiscal quarter, for all expenses of the Company incurred by the Administrator as well as the actual cost of goods and services used for or by the Company and obtained from entities not Affiliated with the Company. Notwithstanding any other provision in this Declaration of Trust, the Administrator may be reimbursed for the administrative services necessary for the prudent operation of the Company performed by it on behalf of the Company; provided, however, the reimbursement shall be an amount equal to the lower of the Administrator’s actual cost or the amount the Company would be required to pay third parties for the provision of comparable administrative services in the same geographic location; and provided, further, that such costs are reasonably allocated to the Company on the basis of assets, revenues, time records or other method conforming with generally accepted accounting principles. Except as otherwise provided herein, no reimbursement shall be permitted for services for which the Administrator is entitled to compensation by way of a separate fee.
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Section 8.9 Custodians.
(a) The Trustees may employ a custodian or custodians meeting the qualifications for custodians for portfolio securities of investment companies contained in the 1940 Act, as custodian with respect to the assets of the Company. Any custodian shall have authority as agent of the Company as determined by the custodian agreement or agreements, but subject to such restrictions, limitations and other requirements, if any, as may be contained in the Bylaws of the Company and the 1940 Act, including authority:
(i) to hold the securities owned by the Company and deliver the same upon written order;
(ii) to receive any receipt for any moneys due to the Company and deposit the same in its own banking department (if a bank) or elsewhere as the Trustees may direct;
(iii) to disburse such funds upon orders or vouchers;
(iv) if authorized to do so by the Trustees, to keep the books and accounts of the Company and furnish clerical and accounting services; and
(v) if authorized to do so by the Trustees, to compute the net income of the Company; all upon such basis of compensation as may be agreed upon between the Trustees and the custodian.
The Trustees may also authorize each custodian to employ one or more sub-custodians from time to time to perform such of the acts and services of the custodian and upon such terms and conditions, as may be agreed upon between the custodian and such sub-custodian and approved by the Trustees, provided that in every case such sub- custodian shall meet the qualifications for custodians contained in the 1940 Act.
(b) Subject to such rules, regulations and orders as the SEC may adopt, the Trustees may direct the custodian to deposit all or any part of the securities owned by the Company in a system for the central handling of securities established by a national securities exchange or a national securities association registered with the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or such other Person as may be permitted by the SEC, or otherwise in accordance with the 1940 Act, pursuant to which system all securities of any particular class of any issuer deposited within the system are treated as fungible and may be transferred or pledged by bookkeeping entry without physical delivery of such securities, provided that all such deposits shall be subject to withdrawal only upon the order of the Company.
Section 8.10 Distribution Arrangements.
Subject to compliance with the 1940 Act, the Trustees may retain underwriters, distributors and/or placement agents to sell Shares and other securities of the Company. The Trustees may in their discretion from time to time enter into one or more contracts, providing for the sale of securities of the Company, whereby the Company may either agree to sell such securities to the other party to the contract or appoint such other party its sales agent for such securities. In either case, the contract shall be on such terms and conditions as the Trustees may in their discretion determine not inconsistent with the provisions of this Article VIII, the Bylaws or the Omnibus Guidelines; and such contract may also provide for the repurchase or sale of securities of the Company by such other party as principal or as agent of the Company and may provide that such other party may enter into selected dealer agreements and servicing and similar agreements to further the purposes of the distribution or repurchase of the securities of the Company.
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ARTICLE IX
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND LIMITATIONS
Section 9.1 Investment Objective. The Company’s investment objective is to generate current income and, to a lesser extent, long-term capital appreciation. The Trustees shall have power with respect to the Company to manage, conduct, operate and carry on the business of a business development company. The Independent Trustees shall review the investment policies of the Company with sufficient frequency (not less often than annually) to determine that the policies being followed by the Company are in the best interests of its Shareholders. Each such determination and the basis therefor shall be set forth in the minutes of the meetings of the Board of Trustees.
Section 9.2 Investments, Generally. All transactions entered into by the Company shall be consistent with the investment permissions and limitations as established for business development companies under the 1940 Act, including any applicable exemptive orders that have been or may be issued in the future by the SEC.
Section 9.3 Investments in Programs. For purposes of this Section, “Program” shall be defined as a limited or general partnership, joint venture, unincorporated association or similar organization, other than a corporation, formed and operated for the primary purpose of investment in and the operation of or gain from and interest in the assets to be acquired by such entity. A Program shall not include (and nothing in this Declaration of Trust shall prevent) investments by the Company directly in a master fund in a master/feeder fund structure permissible under the 1940 Act. A Program shall not include an Eligible Portfolio Company as defined by the 1940 Act.
(a) The Company shall not invest in Programs with non-Affiliates that own and operate specific assets, unless the Company, alone or together with any publicly registered Affiliate of the Company meeting the requirements of subsection (b) below, acquires a controlling interest in such a Program, but in no event shall the Adviser or any of its affiliates be entitled to duplicate fees; provided, however that the foregoing is not intended to prevent the Company from carrying out its business of investing and reinvesting its assets in Securities of other issuers. For purposes of this Section, “controlling interest” means an equity interest possessing the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of the Program, including the authority to: (i) review all contracts entered into by the Program that will have a material effect on its business or assets; (ii) cause a sale or refinancing of the assets or its interest therein subject, in certain cases where required by the Program agreement, to limits as to time, minimum amounts and/or a right of first refusal by the Program or consent of the Program; (iii) approve budgets and major capital expenditures, subject to a stated minimum amount; (iv) veto any sale or refinancing of the assets, or alternatively, to receive a specified preference on sale or refinancing proceeds; and (v) exercise a right of first refusal on any desired sale or refinancing by the Program of its interest in the assets, except for transfer to an Affiliate of the Program.
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(b) The Company shall have the authority to invest in Programs with other publicly registered Affiliates of the Company if all of the following conditions are met: (i) the Affiliate and the Company have substantially identical investment objectives; (ii) there are no duplicate fees to the Adviser or any of its affiliates; (iii) the compensation payable by the Program to the Adviser in each Company that invests in such Program is substantially identical; (iv) each of the Company and the Affiliate has a right of first refusal to buy if the other party wishes to sell assets held in the joint venture; (v) the investment of each of the Company and its Affiliate is on substantially the same terms and conditions; and (vi) any prospectus of the Company in use, or proposed to be used when such an investment has been made or is contemplated, discloses the potential risk of impasse on joint venture decisions since neither the Company nor its Affiliate controls the Program, and the potential risk that while the Company or its Affiliate may have the right to buy the assets from the Program, it may not have the resources to do so.
(c) The Company shall have the authority to invest in Programs with Affiliates other than publicly registered Affiliates of the Company only if all of the following conditions are met: (i) the investment is necessary to relieve the Adviser from any commitment to purchase the assets entered into in compliance with Section 10.1 prior to the closing of the offering period of the Company; (ii) there are no duplicate fees to the Adviser or any of its affiliates; (iii) the investment of each entity is on substantially the same terms and conditions; (iv) the Company has a right of first refusal to buy if the Adviser wishes to sell assets held in the joint venture; and (v) any prospectus of the Company in use or proposed to be used when such an investment has been made or is contemplated discloses the potential risk of impasse on joint venture decisions.
(d) The Company may be structured to conduct operations through separate single-purpose entities managed by the Adviser (multi-tier arrangements); provided that the terms of any such arrangements do not result in the circumvention of any of the requirements or prohibitions contained herein or under applicable federal or state securities laws, including, as applicable, the Omnibus Guidelines. Any agreements regarding such arrangements shall accompany any prospectus of the Company, if such agreement is then available, and the terms of such agreement shall contain provisions assuring that all of the following restrictions apply: (i) there will be no duplication or increase in Organization and Offering Expenses, fees payable to the Adviser, program expenses or other fees and costs; (ii) there will be no substantive alteration in the fiduciary and contractual relationship between the Adviser, the Company and the Shareholders; and (iii) there will be no diminishment in the voting rights of the Shareholders.
(e) Other than as specifically permitted in subsections (b), (c) and (d) above, the Company shall not invest in Programs with Affiliates.
(f) Unless otherwise permitted by the 1940 Act or applicable guidance or exemptive relief of the SEC, the Company shall be permitted to invest in general partnership interests of limited partnership Programs only if: (i) the Company, alone or together with any publicly registered Affiliate of the Company meeting the requirements of subsection (b) above, acquires a “controlling interest” as defined in subsection (a) above; (ii) the Adviser and its affiliates are not entitled to any duplicate fees; (iii) no additional compensation beyond that permitted under applicable law is paid to the Adviser; and (iv) the limited partnership Program agreement or other applicable agreement complies with this Section 9.3(f) and Section V of the Omnibus Guidelines.
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Section 9.4 Other Goods or Services.
(a) The Company may accept other goods or other services provided by the Adviser in connection with the operation of assets, provided that: (i) the Adviser determines such self-dealing arrangement is in the best interest of the Company; (ii) the terms pursuant to which all such goods or services are provided to the Company by the Adviser shall be embodied in a written contract, the material terms of which must be fully disclosed to the Shareholders in the Prospectus; (iii) the written contract may only be modified by vote of a majority of then outstanding Shares; and (iv) the contract shall contain a clause allowing termination without penalty on sixty (60) days’ prior notice. Without limitation to the foregoing, arrangements to provide such goods or other services must meet all of the following criteria: (X) the Adviser must be independently engaged in the business of providing such goods or services to persons other than its Affiliates and at least thirty-three percent (33%) of the Adviser’s associated gross revenues must come from persons other than its Affiliates; (Y) the compensation, price or fee charged for providing such goods or services must be comparable and competitive with the compensation, price or fee charged by persons other than the Adviser in the same geographic location who provide comparable goods or services, which could reasonably be made available to the Company; and (Z) except in extraordinary circumstances, the compensation and other material terms of the arrangement must be fully disclosed to the Shareholders in the Prospectus. Extraordinary circumstances are limited to instances when immediate action is required and the goods or services are not immediately available from persons other than the Adviser.
(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing subsection (a)(X), if the Adviser is not engaged in the business to the extent required by such clause, the Adviser may provide to the Company other goods or other services if all of the following additional conditions are met: (i) the Adviser can demonstrate the capacity and capability to provide such goods or services on a competitive basis; (ii) the goods or services are provided at the lesser of cost or the competitive rate charged by persons other than the Adviser in the same geographic location who are in the business of providing comparable goods or services; (iii) the cost is limited to the reasonable necessary and actual expenses incurred by the Adviser on behalf of the Company in providing such goods or services, exclusive of expenses of the type which may not be reimbursed under applicable federal or state securities laws; and (iv) expenses are allocated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and are made subject to any special audit required by applicable federal and state securities laws, including, as applicable, the Omnibus Guidelines.
Section 9.5 Borrowing Money or Utilizing Leverage. The Trustees shall have the power to cause the Company to borrow money or otherwise obtain credit or utilize leverage to the maximum extent permitted by law or regulation as such may be needed from time to time and to secure the same by mortgaging, pledging or otherwise subjecting as security the assets of the Company, including the lending of portfolio securities, and to endorse, guarantee, or undertake the performance of any obligation, contract or engagement of any other person, firm, association or corporation. In addition and notwithstanding any other provision of this Declaration of Trust, the Company is hereby authorized to borrow funds, incur indebtedness and guarantee obligations of any Person, and in connection therewith, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Trustees, on behalf of the Company, are hereby authorized to pledge, hypothecate, mortgage, assign, transfer or grant security interests in or other liens on (i) the Shareholders’ subscription agreements and the Shareholders’ obligations to make capital contributions thereunder and hereunder, and (ii) any other assets, rights or remedies of the Company or of the Trustees hereunder or under the subscription agreements, including the right to issue capital call notices and to exercise remedies upon a default by a Shareholder in the payment of its capital contributions and the right to receive capital contributions and other payments, subject to the terms hereof and thereof. Notwithstanding any provision in this Declaration of Trust, (i) the Company may borrow funds, incur indebtedness and enter into guarantees together with one or more Persons on a joint and several basis or on any other basis that the Board of Trustees, in its sole discretion, determines is fair and reasonable to the Company, and (ii) in connection with any borrowing, indebtedness or guarantee by the Company, all capital contributions shall be payable to the account of the Company designated by the Board of Trustees, which may be pledged to any lender or other credit party of the Company. All rights granted to a lender pursuant to this Section 9.5 shall apply to its agents and its successors and permitted assigns.
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ARTICLE X
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
Section 10.1 Sales and Leases to Company.
Unless otherwise permitted by the 1940 Act or applicable guidance or exemptive relief of the SEC, the Company and the Independent Trustees shall not purchase or lease assets in which the Adviser or any Affiliate thereof has an interest unless all of the following conditions are met: (a)the transaction occurs at the formation of the Company and the transaction is fully disclosed to the Shareholders either in a prospectus or periodic report filed with the SEC or otherwise; and (b) the assets are sold or leased upon terms that are reasonable to the Company and at a price not to exceed the lesser of cost or fair market value as determined by an Independent Expert. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 10.1, the Adviser may purchase assets in its own name (and assume loans in connection therewith) and temporarily hold title thereto for the purposes of facilitating the acquisition of the assets, the borrowing of money, obtaining financing for the Company, or the completion of construction of the assets, provided that all of the following conditions are met: (i) the assets are purchased by the Company at a price no greater than the cost of the assets to the Adviser; (ii) all income generated by, and the expenses associated with, the assets so acquired shall be treated as belonging to the Company; and (iii) there are no other benefits arising out of such transaction to the Adviser.
Section 10.2 Sales and Leases to the Adviser, Trustees or Affiliates. Unless otherwise permitted by the 1940 Act or applicable guidance or exemptive relief of the SEC, the Company shall not sell assets to the Adviser or any Affiliate thereof unless such sale is duly approved by the holders of more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding voting securities of the Company. The Company shall not lease assets to the Adviser or any Trustee or Affiliate thereof unless all of the following conditions are met: (i)the transaction occurs at the formation of the Company and is fully disclosed to the Shareholders either in a prospectus or periodic report filed with the SEC or otherwise; and (ii) the terms of the transaction are fair and reasonable to the Company.
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Section 10.3 Loans. Except for the advancement of funds pursuant to Sections 7.3 and 7.4, no loans, credit facilities, credit agreements or otherwise shall be made by the Company to the Adviser or any Affiliate thereof.
Section 10.4 Commissions on Financing, Refinancing or Reinvestment. Unless otherwise permitted by the 1940 Act or applicable guidance or exemptive relief of the SEC, the Company shall not pay, directly or indirectly, a commission or fee to the Adviser or any Affiliate thereof (except as otherwise specified in this Article X) in connection with the reinvestment of cash available for distribution and available reserves or of the proceeds of the resale, exchange or refinancing of assets.
Section 10.5 Rebates, Kickbacks and Reciprocal Arrangements. The Company shall cause the Adviser to agree that it shall not receive or accept any rebate or give-ups or similar arrangement that is prohibited under applicable federal or state securities laws, including the Omnibus Guidelines. The Company shall cause the Adviser to agree that it shall not participate in any reciprocal business arrangement that would circumvent provisions of applicable federal or state securities laws governing conflicts of interest or investment restrictions, or enter into any agreement, arrangement or understanding that would circumvent the restrictions against dealing with affiliates or promoters under applicable federal or state securities laws, or that would circumvent the restrictions of the Omnibus Guidelines. The Company shall cause the Adviser to agree that it shall not directly or indirectly pay or award any fees or commissions or other compensation to any Person engaged to sell Shares or give investment advice to a potential Shareholder; provided, however, that this Section 10.5 shall not prohibit the payment to a registered broker-dealer or other properly licensed agent of normal sales commissions or other normal compensation (including cash compensation and non-cash compensation (as such terms are defined under FINRA Rule 2310)) for selling or distributing Shares, including out of the Adviser’s own assets, including those amounts paid to the Adviser under the Advisory Agreement.
Section 10.6 [Reserved].
Section 10.7 Other Transactions. Unless otherwise permitted by the 1940 Act or applicable guidance or exemptive relief of the SEC, the Company shall not engage in any other transaction with the Adviser or a Trustee or Affiliate thereof unless: (a) such transaction complies with all applicable law and (b) a majority of the Trustees (including a majority of the Independent Trustees) not otherwise interested in such transaction approve such transaction as fair and reasonable to the Company and on terms and conditions not less favorable to the Company than those available from non-Affiliated third parties.
Section 10.8 Lending Practices. On financings made available to the Company by the Adviser, the Adviser may not receive interest in excess of the lesser of the Adviser’s cost of funds or the amounts that would be charged by unrelated lending institutions on comparable loans for the same purpose. The Adviser shall not impose a prepayment charge or penalty in connection with such financings and the Adviser shall not receive points or other financing charges. The Adviser shall be prohibited from providing permanent financing for the Company. For purposes of this Section 10.8, “permanent financing” shall mean any financing with a term in excess of twelve (12) months.
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ARTICLE XI
SHAREHOLDERS
Section 11.1 Certain Voting Rights of Shareholders.
(a) Subject to the enumerated rights of any Preferred Shares and the mandatory provisions of any applicable laws or regulations and subject to the other provisions of this Declaration of Trust, the following actions may be taken by the Shareholders, without concurrence by the Board of Trustees, upon a vote by the holders of more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding Shares of the Company entitled to vote on the matters:
(i) modify this Declaration of Trust in accordance with Article VI hereof;
(ii) remove the Adviser and appoint a new Adviser pursuant to the procedures in Section 8.4; or
(iii) sell all or substantially all of the Company’ assets other than in the ordinary course of the Company’s business.
(b) Without the approval of Shareholders entitled to cast a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter, or such other approval as may be required under the mandatory provisions of any applicable laws or regulations or other provisions of this Declaration of Trust, the Company shall not permit the Adviser to:
(i) modify this Declaration of Trust, except for amendments which do not adversely affect the rights of Shareholders;
(ii) appoint a new Adviser (other than a sub-adviser pursuant to the terms of an Advisory Agreement and applicable law);
(iii) sell all or substantially all of the Company’s assets other than in the ordinary course of the Company’s business or as otherwise permitted by law;
(iv) cause the merger or other reorganization of the Company; or
(v) voluntarily withdraw as the Adviser unless such withdrawal would not affect the tax status of the Company and would not materially adversely affect the Shareholders.
Section 11.2 Voting Limitations on Shares Held by the Adviser, Trustees and Affiliates. With respect to shares owned by the Adviser, any Trustees or any of their respective Affiliates, neither the Adviser, nor such Trustee(s), nor any of their Affiliates may vote or consent on matters submitted to the Shareholders regarding the removal of the Adviser, such Trustee(s) or any of their Affiliates or any transaction between the Company and any of them. In determining the requisite percentage in interest of shares necessary to approve a matter on which the Adviser, such Trustee(s) and any of their Affiliates may not vote or consent, any shares owned by any of them shall not be included.
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Section 11.3 Right of Inspection.
(a) Any Shareholder with any purpose reasonably related to the beneficial owner’s interest as a beneficial owner of the statutory trust (a “proper purpose”) may: (i) in person or by agent, on written request, inspect and obtain copies at all reasonable times of the Company’s books and records and ledger; and (ii) present to any officer of the Company or its resident agent a written request for a statement of its affairs.
(b) Any Shareholder with a proper purpose may: (i) in person or by agent, on written request, inspect and copy at all reasonable times the books and records and ledger of the Company; (ii) present to any officer or resident agent of the Company a written request for a statement of its affairs; and (iii) in the event the Company does not maintain the original or a duplicate ledger at its principal office, present to any officer or resident agent of the Company a written request for the Shareholder List. As used in this Section 11.3, the term “Shareholder List” means an alphabetical list of names, addresses and business telephone numbers of the Shareholders of the Company along with the number of equity shares held by each of them.
(c) A copy of the Shareholder List, requested in accordance with this Section 11.3, shall be mailed within ten (10) days of the request and shall be printed in alphabetical order, on white paper, and in readily readable type size (no smaller than 10-point font). The Shareholder List shall be updated at least quarterly to reflect changes in the information contained therein.
(d) The Company may impose a reasonable charge for expenses incurred in reproduction pursuant to the Shareholder request. A holder of Common Shares may request a copy of the Shareholder List in connection with matters relating to Shareholders’ voting rights, the exercise of Shareholder rights under federal proxy laws or for any other proper and legitimate purpose. Each Shareholder who receives a copy of the Shareholder List shall keep such list confidential and shall sign a confidentiality agreement to the effect that such Shareholder will keep the Shareholder List confidential and share such list only with its employees, representatives or agents who agree in writing to maintain the confidentiality of the Shareholder List.
(e) If the Adviser or Trustees neglect or refuse to exhibit, produce or mail a copy of the Shareholder List as requested, the Adviser and the Trustees shall be liable to any Shareholder requesting the list for the costs, including attorneys’ fees, incurred by that Shareholder for compelling the production of the Shareholder List, and for actual damages suffered by any Shareholder by reason of such refusal or neglect. It shall be a defense that the actual purpose and reason for the requests for inspection or for a copy of the Shareholder List is to secure such list of Shareholders or other information for the purpose of selling such list or copies thereof, or of using the same for a commercial purpose other than in the interest of the applicant as a Shareholder relative to the affairs of the Company. The Company may require the Shareholder requesting the Shareholder List to represent that the list is not requested for a commercial purpose unrelated to the Shareholder’s interest in the Company. The remedies provided hereunder to Shareholders requesting copies of the Shareholder List are in addition to, and shall not in any way limit, other remedies available to Shareholders under federal law or the laws of any state.
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Section 11.4 Shareholder Reports.
(a) The Trustees, including the Independent Trustees, shall take reasonable steps to insure that the Company shall cause to be prepared and delivered or made available by any reasonable means, including an electronic medium, to each Shareholder as of a record date after the end of the fiscal year, within one hundred twenty (120) days after the end of the fiscal year to which it relates, an annual report for each fiscal year ending after the commencement of the Company’s initial public offering that shall include: (i) financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP that are audited and reported on by independent certified public accountants; (ii) a report of the activities of the Company during the period covered by the report; (iii) where forecasts have been provided to the Shareholders, a table comparing the forecasts previously provided with the actual results during the period covered by the report; and (iv) a report setting forth distributions to Shareholders for the period covered thereby and separately identifying distributions from: (A) Cash Flow from operations during the period; (B) Cash Flow from operations during a prior period, which have been held as reserves; (C) proceeds from disposition of assets of the Company; and (D) reserves from the gross proceeds of the offering originally obtained from the Shareholders. Such annual report must also contain a breakdown of the costs reimbursed to the Adviser.
(b) The Trustees, including the Independent Trustees, shall take reasonable steps to ensure that the Company shall cause to be prepared and filed, as well as delivered or made available to Shareholders, within sixty (60) days after the end of each fiscal quarter of the Company, a Form 10-Q if required under the Exchange Act.
(c) The Trustees, including the Independent Trustees, shall take reasonable steps to ensure that the Company shall cause to be prepared and delivered or made available within seventy-five (75) days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company to each Person who was at any time during such fiscal year a Shareholder all information necessary for the preparation of the Shareholders’ federal income tax returns.
(d) If capital stock has been purchased on a deferred payment basis, on which there remains an unpaid balance during any period covered by any report required by subsections (a) and (b) above, then such report shall contain a detailed statement of the status of all deferred payments, actions taken by the Company in response to any defaults, and a discussion and analysis of the impact on capital requirements of the Company.
(e) The Board of Trustees shall cause the Company, upon request from any state official or agency or official administering the securities laws of such state (a “State Administrator”), to submit to such State Administrator the reports and statements required to be distributed to Shareholders pursuant to this Section 11.4.
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Section 11.5 Suitability of Shareholders.
(a) During any public offering of its Shares and until the earlier of a Liquidity Event or the date the Company is no longer subject to the Omnibus Guidelines, the Company or those selling shares on its behalf shall, with respect to share offers and sales in which they are broker of record, make every reasonable effort to determine that the Shares are a suitable and appropriate investment for each Shareholder and to assure that such shares are offered and sold pursuant only to prospective investors who, in each case, meet the income and Net Worth “Suitability Standards” as specified in the Company’s prospectus for the Shares (as the same may be amended or supplemented from time to time) and the Omnibus Guidelines.
(b) The Sponsor or each Person selling Common Shares on behalf of the Company shall make this determination on the basis of information it has obtained from a prospective Shareholder. Relevant information for this purpose will include at least the age, investment objectives, investment experience, income, net worth, financial situation and other investments of the prospective Shareholder, as well as any other pertinent factors.
(c) The Sponsor or each Person selling Common Shares on behalf of the Company shall maintain records of the information used to determine that an investment in Common Shares is suitable and appropriate for a Shareholder. The Sponsor or each Person selling Common Shares on behalf of the Company shall maintain these records for at least six years.
Section 11.6 Other Agreements. Consistent with applicable law (including the 1940 Act), the Company, the Adviser and/or the Affiliates of the Adviser may negotiate agreements (“Side Letters”) with certain Shareholders that will result in different investment terms than the terms applicable to other Shareholders and that may have the effect of establishing rights under, or altering or supplementing the terms of, this Declaration of Trust or disclosure contained in any offering document of the Shares. As a result of such Side Letters, certain Shareholders may receive additional benefits which other Shareholders will not receive. Unless agreed otherwise in the Side Letter, in general, the Company, the Adviser and affiliates of the Adviser will not be required to notify any or all of the other Shareholders of any such Side Letters or any of the rights and/or terms or provisions thereof, nor will the Company, the Adviser or affiliates of the Adviser be required to offer such additional and/or different rights and/or terms to any or all of the other Shareholders. The Company, the Adviser and/or the Affiliates of the Adviser may enter into such Side Letters with any Shareholder as each may determine in its sole discretion at any time. The other Shareholders will have no recourse against the Company, the Trustees, the Adviser and/or any of their Affiliates in the event certain investors receive additional and/or different rights and/or terms as a result of Side Letters. Any such exceptions or departures contained in any Side Letter with a Shareholder shall govern with respect to such Shareholder notwithstanding the provisions of the Declaration of Trust (including with respect to amendments to this Declaration of Trust) or any applicable subscription agreements.
Section 11.7 Admission of Shareholders.
(a) Original Shareholders. Upon the original sale of Shares, the purchasers shall be admitted as Shareholders not later than the last day of the calendar month following the date their subscription was accepted by the Company. Subsequent purchases shall be accepted or rejected by the Company within thirty (30) days of their receipt; if rejected, the Company will return the subscription agreement and the related funds, without interest or deduction, within ten (10) business days after such rejection. Notwithstanding any of the foregoing provisions of this Article XI, the Company can reject subscription requests for any reason.
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(b) Substituted Shareholders and Recognition of Assignees. The Company shall amend its records at least once each calendar quarter to effect the substitution of substituted Shareholders, although the Company may elect to do so more frequently. In the case of assignments, where the assignee does not become a substituted Shareholder, the Company shall recognize the assignment not later than the last day of the calendar month following receipt of notice of the assignment and required documentation.
ARTICLE XII
ROLL-UP TRANSACTIONS
Section 12.1 Roll-Up Transactions. In connection with any proposed Roll-Up Transaction, an appraisal of all of the Company’s assets shall be obtained from a competent Independent Expert. If an appraisal will be included in a prospectus used to offer the securities of a Roll-Up Entity, such appraisal shall be filed with the SEC and the state securities administrators as an exhibit to the registration statement. The Company’s assets shall be appraised on a consistent basis, and the appraisal shall be based on the evaluation of all relevant information and shall indicate the value of the assets as of a date immediately prior to the announcement of the proposed Roll-Up Transaction. The appraisal shall assume an orderly liquidation of the assets over a twelve-month period. The terms of the engagement of the Independent Expert shall clearly state that the engagement is for the benefit of the Company and the Shareholders. A summary of the appraisal, indicating all material assumptions underlying the appraisal, shall be included in a report to Shareholders in connection with a proposed Roll-Up Transaction. In connection with a proposed Roll-Up Transaction, the Person sponsoring the Roll-Up Transaction shall offer to Shareholders who vote against the proposed Roll-Up Transaction the choice of:
(a) accepting the securities of a Roll-Up Entity offered in the proposed Roll-Up Transaction; or
(b) one of the following:
(i) remaining as Shareholders and preserving their interests therein on the same terms and conditions as existed previously; or
(ii) receiving cash in an amount equal to the Shareholder’s pro rata share of the appraised value of the net assets of the Company.
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The Company is prohibited from participating in any proposed Roll-Up Transaction:
(a) that would result in the Shareholders having voting rights in a Roll-Up Entity that are less than the democracy and other voting rights provided for in Sections 11.1, 11.2 and 13.3 hereof or Section 3(b) of Article II of the Bylaws;
(b) that includes provisions that would operate as a material impediment to, or frustration of, the accumulation of capital stock by any purchaser of the securities of the Roll-Up Entity (except to the minimum extent necessary to preserve the tax status of the Roll-Up Entity), or which would limit the ability of an investor to exercise the voting rights of its securities of the Roll-Up Entity on the basis of the capital stock held by that investor;
(c) in which investor’s rights to access of records of the Roll-Up Entity will be less than those described in Section 11.3 hereof; or
(d) in which any of the costs of the Roll-Up Transaction would be borne by the Company if the Roll-Up Transaction is rejected by the Shareholders.
ARTICLE XIII
DURATION OF THE COMPANY
Section 13.1 Duration of the Company. The Company shall continue perpetually unless terminated pursuant to the provisions contained herein or pursuant to any applicable provision of the Statutory Trust Act.
Section 13.2 [Reserved].
Section 13.3 Dissolution by Shareholder Vote. The Company may be dissolved at any time, without the necessity for concurrence by the Board, upon affirmative vote by the holders of more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding Shares entitled to vote on the matter.
Section 13.4 Liquidation. Upon dissolution of the Company, the Board of Trustees shall cause the Company to liquidate and wind-up in a manner consistent with Section 3808 of the Statutory Trust Act, including the distribution to the Shareholders of any assets of the Company. Upon dissolution and the completion of the winding up of the affairs of the Company, the Company shall be terminated by the executing and filing with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware by one or more Trustees of a certificate of cancellation of the certificate of trust of the Company.
Section 13.5 Merger or Other Reorganization of the Company. The Company may not permit the Adviser to cause the merger or other reorganization of the Company without the concurrence of a majority of the outstanding Shares of the Company.
ARTICLE XIV
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 14.1 Construction and Governing Law.
(a) This Declaration of Trust and the Bylaws, in combination, shall constitute the governing instrument of the Company; however, to the extent that any provision of the Bylaws conflicts with this Declaration of Trust, the terms of this Declaration of Trust shall control. This Declaration of Trust and the Bylaws, and the rights and obligations of the Trustees and Shareholders hereunder, shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the Statutory Trust Act and the laws of the State of Delaware.
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(b) [Reserved.]
(c) To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Shareholders and the Trustees of the Company shall be deemed to have waived any non-mandatory rights of beneficial owners or trustees under the Statutory Trust Act or general trust law, and the Company, the Shareholders and the Trustees (including the Delaware Trustee) shall not be subject to any applicable provisions of law pertaining to trusts that, in a manner inconsistent with the express terms of this Declaration of Trust or Bylaws, relate to or regulate (i) the filing with any court or governmental body or agency of trustee accounts or schedules of trustee fees and charges, (ii) affirmative requirements to post bonds for trustees, officers, agents or employees of a trust, (iii) the necessity for obtaining court or other governmental approval concerning the acquisition, holding or disposition of real or personal property, (iv) fees or other sums payable to trustees, officers, agents or employees of a trust, (v) the allocation of receipts and expenditures to income or principal, (vi) restrictions or limitations on the permissible nature, amount or concentration of trust investments or requirements relating to the titling, storage or other manner of holding or investing trust assets, or (vii) the establishment of fiduciary duties or other standards or responsibilities or limitations on the acts or powers of trustees, which are inconsistent with the limitations or liabilities or authorities and powers of Trustees as set forth or referenced in this Declaration of Trust.
(d) Sections 3540 and 3561 of Title 12 of the Statutory Trust Act shall not apply to the Company.
Section 14.2 Conflicts of Law. To the extent that any provision of the Statutory Trust Act or any provision of this Declaration of Trust or Bylaws conflicts with any provision of the 1940 Act, the applicable provision of the 1940 Act shall control; provided, however, that such conflict shall not affect any of the remaining provisions of this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws or render invalid or improper any action taken or omitted prior to such determination. If any provision of this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws shall be held invalid or unenforceable, the invalidity or unenforceability shall attach only to such provision in such jurisdiction and shall not in any manner affect such provision in any other jurisdiction or affect any other provision of this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws in any jurisdiction.
Section 14.3 Derivative Actions. No person, other than a Trustee, who is not a Shareholder shall be entitled to bring any derivative action, suit or other proceeding on behalf of the Company. In addition to the requirements set forth in Section 3816 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, a Shareholder may bring a derivative action on behalf of the Company only if the following conditions are met: (i) the Shareholder or Shareholders must make a pre-suit demand upon the Trustees to bring the subject action unless an effort to cause the Trustees to bring such an action is not likely to succeed; and a demand on the Trustees shall only be deemed not likely to succeed and therefore excused if a majority of the Trustees, or a majority of any committee established to consider the merits of such action, is composed of Trustees who are not “independent trustees” (as that term is defined in the Delaware Statutory Trust Act); and (ii) unless a demand is not required under clause (i) of this paragraph, the Trustees must be afforded a reasonable amount of time to consider such Shareholder request and to investigate the basis of such claim; and the Trustees shall be entitled to retain counsel or other advisors in considering the merits of the request and may require an undertaking by the Shareholders making such request to reimburse the Company for the expense of any such advisors in the event that the Trustees determine not to bring such action. For purposes of this Section 14.3, the Trustees may designate a committee of one or more Trustees to consider a Shareholder demand. In addition to all suits, claims or other actions (collectively, “claims”) that under applicable law must be brought as derivative claims, each Shareholder agrees that any claim that affects all Shareholders of the Company or any series or class equally, that is, proportionately based on their number of Shares in the Company or in such series of class, must be brought as a derivative claim subject to this Section 14.3 irrespective of whether such claim involves a violation of the Shareholder’s rights under this Declaration of Trust or any other alleged violation of contractual or individual rights that might otherwise give rise to a direct claim. This Section 14.3 shall not apply to claims asserted under state securities laws.
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Section 14.4 Direct Actions. To the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, the Shareholders’ rights to bring direct actions against the Company and its Trustees is eliminated, except for a direct action to enforce an individual Shareholder right to vote hereunder or a direct action to enforce an individual Shareholder’s rights of inspection hereunder or a direct action to enforce an individual Shareholder’s rights under Section 3805(e) of the Statutory Trust Act.
Section 14.5 No Exclusive Right to Sell. The Company shall not grant any exclusive right to sell, or exclusive employment to sell, any assets of the Company.
Section 14.6 Commingling of Assets. The funds of the Company shall not be commingled with the funds of any other person and the Company funds will be protected from the claims of affiliated companies (including, for the avoidance of doubt, creditors of such companies).
Section 14.7 Agreement to be Bound. EVERY PERSON, BY VIRTUE OF HAVING BECOME A SHAREHOLDER IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS OF THIS DECLARATION OF TRUST AND THE BYLAWS, AS AMENDED FROM TIME TO TIME, SHALL BE DEEMED TO HAVE EXPRESSLY ASSENTED AND AGREED TO THE TERMS OF, AND SHALL BE BOUND BY, THIS DECLARATION OF TRUST AND THE BYLAWS.
Section 14.8 Delivery by Electronic Transmission or Otherwise. Any notice, proxy, vote, consent, report, instrument or writing of any kind or any signature referenced in, or contemplated by, this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws may, in the sole discretion of the Trustees, be given, granted or otherwise delivered by electronic transmission (within the meaning of the Statutory Trust Act), including via the internet, or in any other manner permitted by applicable law.
Section 14.9 Listing. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, Section 11.5 hereof shall apply for only so long as a Listing has not occurred.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust to be executed as of the day and year first above written.
| | /s/ Mack McNair | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| | Mack McNair, as Trustee | ||
| | | ||
| | /s/ Mary Lee Schneider | ||
| | Mary Lee Schneider, as Trustee | ||
| | | ||
| | /s/ Thomas M. Turpin | ||
| | Thomas M. Turpin, as Trustee | ||
| | | ||
| | /s/ Scott Benjamin | ||
| | Scott Benjamin, as Trustee | ||
| | | ||
| | SMC 3807 Services, LLC, as | ||
| | Delaware Trustee | ||
| | | ||
| | By: | /s/ C. Anthony Shippam | |
| | | Name: | C. Anthony Shippam |
| | | Title: | President |
Exhibit 3.3
AMENDED AND RESTATED
PGIM PRIVATE CREDIT FUND
BYLAWS
ARTICLE I.
OFFICES
SECTION 1. PRINCIPAL OFFICE. The principal office of PGIM Private Credit Fund (the “Company”) in the State of Delaware shall be located at such place as the Board of Trustees of the Company (the “Trustees,” the “Board” or the “Board of Trustees”) may designate from time to time.
SECTION 2. ADDITIONAL OFFICES. The principal executive office of the Company is at 655 Broad Street, Newark, NJ 07102-4410. The Company may have additional offices at such places as the Board may from time to time determine or the business of the Company may require.
ARTICLE II.
MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS
SECTION 1. PLACE. All meetings of shareholders shall be held at the principal executive office of the Company or at such other place as shall be set by the Board and stated in the notice of the meeting.
SECTION 2. NOTICE OF MEETINGS.
(a)Method of Delivery; Minimum Contents; Waiver. Written or printed notice of the purpose or purposes, in the case of a special meeting, and of the time and place of every meeting of the shareholders shall be given by the secretary of the Company to each shareholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting and to each other shareholder entitled to notice of the meeting, by: (i) presenting the notice to such shareholder personally, (ii) placing the notice in the mail, (iii) delivering the notice by overnight delivery service, (iv) transmitting the notice by electronic mail or any other electronic means, or (v) any other means permitted by Delaware law, at least ten (10) days, but not more than ninety (90) days (or such longer period as the Trustees may determine), prior to the date designated for the meeting, addressed to each shareholder at such shareholder’s address appearing on the records of the Company or supplied by the shareholder to the Company for the purpose of notice. The notice shall state the time and place of the meeting and, in the case of a special meeting or as otherwise may be required by statute or these Bylaws, the purpose for which the meeting is called. The notice of any meeting of shareholders may be accompanied by a form of proxy approved by the Board in favor of the actions or persons as the Board may select. Notice of any meeting of shareholders shall be deemed waived by any shareholder who attends the meeting in person or by proxy or who before or after the meeting submits a signed waiver of notice that is filed with the records of the meeting. In the absence of fraud, any irregularities in the notice of any meeting or the nonreceipt of any such notice by any of the shareholders shall not invalidate any action otherwise properly taken at any such meeting.
(b)Scope of Notice. Except as provided in Article II, Section 9, any business of the Company may be transacted at an annual meeting of shareholders without being specifically designated in the notice of such meeting, except such business as is required by any statute to be stated in such notice. No business shall be transacted at a special meeting of shareholders except as specifically designated in the notice of such meeting.
SECTION 3. ORGANIZATION AND CONDUCT. Every meeting of shareholders shall be conducted by an individual appointed by the Board to be chairman of the meeting or, in the absence of such appointment, by the chairman of the board, if any, or, in the case of a vacancy in the office or absence of the chairman of the board, by one of the following officers present at the meeting: the president, any vice president, the secretary, the treasurer or, in the absence of such officers, a chairman chosen by the shareholders by the vote of a majority of the votes cast by shareholders present in person or by proxy. The secretary or, in the secretary’s absence, an assistant secretary or, in the absence of both the secretary and assistant secretaries, an individual appointed by the Board or, in the absence of such appointment, an individual appointed by the chairman of the meeting shall act as secretary. In the event that the secretary presides at a meeting of the shareholders, an assistant secretary, or, in the absence of assistant secretaries, an individual appointed by the Board or the chairman of the meeting, shall record the minutes of the meeting. The order of business and all other matters of procedure at any meeting of shareholders shall be determined by the chairman of the meeting. The chairman of the meeting may prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and take such action as, in the discretion of such chairman, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting, including, without limitation, (a) restricting admission to the time set for the commencement of the meeting; (b) limiting attendance at the meeting to shareholders of record of the Company, their duly authorized proxies or other such individuals as the chairman of the meeting may determine; (c) limiting participation at the meeting on any matter to shareholders of record of the Company entitled to vote on such matter, their duly authorized proxies or other such individuals as the chairman of the meeting may determine; (d) limiting the time allotted to questions or comments by participants; (e) maintaining order and security at the meeting; (f) removing any shareholder or any other individual who refuses to comply with meeting procedures, rules or guidelines as set forth by the chairman of the meeting; and (g) recessing or adjourning the meeting to a later date and time and place announced at the meeting. Unless otherwise determined by the chairman of the meeting, meetings of shareholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with the rules of parliamentary procedure.
SECTION 4. QUORUM. At any meeting of shareholders, the presence in person or by proxy of the shareholders of the Company holding one third of the outstanding shares of the Company (without regard to class or series) shall constitute a quorum, except with respect to any such matter that, under applicable statutes or regulatory requirements, requires approval by a separate vote of one or more classes of capital shares of the Company, in which case the presence in person or by proxy of the holders of shares of the Company’s capital shares holding one third of the outstanding shares of such class shall constitute a quorum. This Section 4 shall not affect any requirement under any applicable law, any other provisions of these Bylaws or the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of the Company, as further amended or restated from time to time (the “Declaration of Trust”), for the vote necessary for the adoption of any measure. Prior to the date upon which any meeting of shareholders is to be held, the Board of Trustees may postpone such meeting one or more times for any reason and for such period of time as the Board of Trustees shall determine by giving notice to each shareholder entitled to vote at the meeting so postponed of the place, date and hour at which such meeting will be held. Such notice shall be given not fewer than two (2) days before the date of such meeting and otherwise in accordance with Article II, Section 2. Any shareholders’ meeting may be adjourned by the chairman of the meeting one or more times for any reason, including the failure of a quorum to be present at the meeting with respect to any proposal or the failure of any proposal to receive sufficient votes for approval. No shareholder vote shall be required for any adjournment. A shareholders’ meeting may be adjourned by the chairman of the meeting as to one or more proposals regardless of whether action has been taken on other matters. No notice of adjournment of a meeting to another time or place need be given to shareholders if such time and place are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken or notice is given to persons present at the meeting unless the adjourned meeting is not held within 120 days (or such longer period as the Trustees may determine) after the record date. Any adjourned meeting may be held at such time and place as determined by the chairman of the meeting if such time and place are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken or otherwise by the Board of Trustees. Any business that might have been transacted at the original meeting may be transacted at any adjourned meeting. The shareholders of record entitled to vote at a shareholders’ meeting shall be deemed the shareholders of record at any meeting that has been postponed or reconvened after one or more adjournments, unless the Trustees have fixed a new record date. If, after a postponement or adjournment, a new record date is fixed for the postponed or adjourned meeting, the secretary shall give notice of the postponed or adjourned meeting to shareholders of record entitled to vote at such meeting. If a quorum is present with respect to any one or more proposals, the chairman of the meeting may, but shall not be required to, cause a vote to be taken with respect to any such proposal or proposals which vote can be certified as final and effective notwithstanding the adjournment of the meeting with respect to any other proposal or proposals.
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SECTION 5. VOTING. A plurality of all votes cast at a meeting of shareholders duly called and at which a quorum is present shall be sufficient to elect a Trustee, provided that, in the case where the number of nominees for the trusteeships (or, if applicable, the trusteeships of a particular class of trustees) exceeds the number of such trustees to be elected (a “Contested Election”), a majority of all votes cast shall be required to elect such nominee, provided that if a sufficient number of votes to elect a trustee are not cast in such Contested Election, the incumbent Trustee, if any, shall retain his or her position until the next annual meeting of shareholders at which time such Trustee will be up for election. Each share may be voted for as many individuals as there are Trustees to be elected and for whose election the share is entitled to be voted. A majority of the votes cast at a meeting of shareholders duly called and at which a quorum is present shall be sufficient to approve any other matter which may properly come before the meeting, unless more than a majority of the votes cast is required by the 1940 Act or other applicable law, the Declaration of Trust or Article III of these Bylaws. Unless otherwise provided in the Declaration of Trust, each outstanding share owned of record on the applicable record date, regardless of class, shall be entitled to one vote on each matter submitted to a vote at a meeting of shareholders.
SECTION 6. PROXIES. A shareholder may vote the shares owned of record by the shareholder, either in person or by proxy executed in writing by the shareholder or by the shareholder’s duly authorized agent as permitted by law. Such proxy shall be filed with the secretary of the Company before or at the meeting.
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SECTION 7. VOTING OF SHARES BY CERTAIN HOLDERS. Shares of the Company registered in the name of a corporation, partnership, trust or other entity, if entitled to be voted, may be voted by the president or a vice president, a general partner or trustee thereof, as the case may be, or a proxy appointed by any of the foregoing individuals, unless some other person who has been appointed to vote such share pursuant to a bylaw or a resolution of the governing body of such corporation or other entity or agreement of the partners of a partnership presents a certified copy of such bylaw, resolution or agreement, in which case such person may vote such share. Any fiduciary may vote shares registered in his or her name as such fiduciary, either in person or by proxy.
Shares of the Company directly owned by it or its subsidiaries shall not be voted at any meeting and shall not be counted in determining the total number of outstanding shares entitled to be voted at any given time.
The Board may adopt by resolution a procedure by which a shareholder may certify in writing to the Company that any shares registered in the name of the shareholder are held for the account of a specified person other than the shareholder. The resolution shall set forth the class of shareholders who may make the certification, the purpose for which the certification may be made, the form of certification and the information to be contained in it; if the certification is with respect to a record date or closing of the shares transfer books, the time after the record date or closing of the shares transfer books within which the certification must be received by the Company; and any other provisions with respect to the procedure which the Board considers necessary or desirable. On receipt of such certification, the person specified in the certification shall be regarded as, for the purposes set forth in the certification, the shareholder of record of the specified shares in place of the shareholder who makes the certification.
SECTION 8. INSPECTORS. The Board in advance of any meeting of shareholders, or the chairman of the meeting at any meeting of shareholders, may, but need not, appoint one or more individual inspectors or one or more entities that designate individuals as inspectors to act at the meeting or any adjournment thereof. In case any person who may be appointed as an inspector fails to appear or act, the vacancy may be filled by appointment made by the Board in advance of the meeting or at the meeting by the chairman of the meeting. The inspectors, if any, shall determine the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each, the shares represented at the meeting, the existence of a quorum, as defined in this Article II, the validity and effect of proxies, and shall receive votes, ballots or consents, hear and determine all challenges and questions arising in connection with the right to vote, count and tabulate all votes, ballots or consents, and determine the result, and do such acts as are proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all shareholders. Each such report of an inspector shall be in writing and signed by him or her or by a majority of them if there is more than one inspector acting at such meeting. If there is more than one inspector, the report of a majority shall be the report of the inspectors. The report of the inspector or inspectors on the number of shares represented at the meeting and the results of the voting shall be prima facie evidence thereof.
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SECTION 9. ADVANCE NOTICE OF SHAREHOLDER NOMINEES FOR TRUSTEES AND OTHER SHAREHOLDER PROPOSALS.
(a)Annual Meetings of Shareholders. To the extent that the Company shall hold an annual meeting of its shareholders:
(1)Nominations of individuals for election to the Board and the proposal of other business to be considered by the shareholders may be made at an annual meeting of shareholders (i) pursuant to the Company’s notice of meeting, (ii) by or at the direction of the Board or (iii) by any shareholder of the Company who was a shareholder of record both at the time of giving of notice provided for in this Section 9(a) and at the time of the annual meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has complied with this Section 9(a).
(2)For nominations of individuals for election to the Board or other business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a shareholder pursuant to clause (iii) of subsection (a)(1) of this Section 9, the shareholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the secretary of the Company and such other business must otherwise be a proper matter for action by the shareholders. To be timely, a shareholder’s notice shall set forth all information required under this Section 9 and shall be delivered to the secretary at the principal executive office of the Company not less than one hundred twenty (120) days nor more than one hundred fifty (150) days prior to the first anniversary of the date of mailing of the notice for the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event that the date of the mailing of the notice for the annual meeting is advanced or delayed by more than thirty (30) days from the first anniversary of the date of mailing of the notice for the preceding year’s annual meeting, notice by the shareholder to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than the close of business on the one hundred fiftieth (150th) day prior to the date of mailing of the notice for such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to the date of mailing of the notice for such annual meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of mailing of the notice for such meeting is first made. In no event shall the public announcement of a postponement or adjournment of an annual meeting commence a new time period for the giving of a shareholder’s notice as described above. Such shareholder’s notice shall set forth: (i) as to each individual whom the shareholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a Trustee, all information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for election of Trustees, or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A (or any successor regulations) under the Exchange Act (including such person’s written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a Trustee if elected) and whether such shareholder believes any such individual is, or is not, an Interested Person (as such term is defined in the Declaration of Trust) of the Company and information regarding such individual that is sufficient, in the discretion of the Board or any committee thereof or any authorized officer of the Company, to make such determination; (ii) as to any other business that the shareholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting and any material interest in such business of such shareholder or any Shareholder Associated Person (as defined below) and of the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made; and (iii) as to the shareholder giving the notice, any Shareholder Associated Person and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made, the name and address of such shareholder, as they appear on the Company’s books, of any Shareholder Associated Person and of such beneficial owner and the class and number of shares of the Company which are owned beneficially and of record by such shareholder, Shareholder Associated Person and such beneficial owner.
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(3)Notwithstanding anything in the second sentence of Section 9(a)(2) to the contrary, in the event that the number of Trustees to be elected to the Board is increased and there is no public announcement naming all of the nominees for Trustee or specifying the size of the increased Board made by the Company at least one hundred thirty (130) days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting, a shareholder’s notice required by this Section 9(a) shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new positions created by such increase, if it shall be delivered to the secretary at the principal executive offices of the Company not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which such public announcement is first made by the Company.
(4)For purposes of this Section 9, “Shareholder Associated Person” of any shareholder shall mean (i) any person controlling, directly or indirectly, or acting in concert with, such shareholder, (ii) any beneficial owner (as defined in the Declaration of Trust) of shares of the Company owned of record or beneficially by such shareholder and (iii) any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with such Shareholder Associated Person. For purposes of this Section 9, “control” shall have the meaning ascribed to it in Section 2 of the 1940 Act.
(b)Special Meetings of Shareholders. Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of shareholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Company’s notice of meeting. Nominations of individuals for election to the Board may be made at a special meeting of shareholders at which Trustees are to be elected (i) pursuant to the Company’s notice of meeting, (ii) by or at the direction of the Board or (iii) provided that the Board has determined that Trustees shall be elected at such special meeting, by any shareholder of the Company who is a shareholder of record both at the time of giving of notice provided for in this Section 9 and at the time of the special meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who complied with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 9. In the event the Company calls a special meeting of shareholders for the purpose of electing one or more individuals to the Board, any such shareholder may nominate an individual or individuals (as the case may be) for election as a Trustee as specified in the Company’s notice of meeting, if the shareholder’s notice required by subsection (a)(2) of this Section 9 shall be delivered to the secretary at the principal executive office of the Company not earlier than the one hundred fiftieth (150th) day prior to such special meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to such special meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board to be elected at such meeting. In no event shall the public announcement of a postponement or adjournment of a special meeting commence a new time period for the giving of a shareholder’s notice as described above.
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(c)General.
(1)Upon written request by the secretary or the Board or any committee thereof, any shareholder proposing a nominee for election as a Trustee or any proposal for other business at a meeting of shareholders shall provide, within five (5) Business Days of delivery of such request (or such other period as may be specified in such request), written verification, satisfactory, in the discretion of the Board or any committee thereof or any authorized officer of the Company, to demonstrate the accuracy of any information submitted by the shareholder pursuant to this Section 9. If a shareholder fails to provide such written verification within such period, the information as to which written verification was requested may be deemed not to have been provided in accordance with this Section 9.
(2)Only such individuals who are nominated in accordance with this Section 9 shall be eligible for election as Trustees, and only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of shareholders as shall have been brought before the meeting in accordance with this Section 9. The chairman of the meeting shall have the power to determine whether a nomination or any other business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made or proposed, as the case may be, in accordance with this Section 9.
(3)For purposes of this Section 9, (a) the “date of mailing of the notice” shall mean the date of the proxy statement for the solicitation of proxies for election of Trustees and (b) “public announcement” shall mean disclosure (i) in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press Business Wire, PR Newswire or comparable news service or (ii) in a document publicly filed by the Company with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) pursuant to the Exchange Act or the 1940 Act.
(4)Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 9, a shareholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of state law and of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 9. Nothing in this Section 9 shall be deemed to affect any right of a shareholder to request inclusion of a proposal in, nor the right of the Company to omit a proposal from, the Company’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 (or any successor provision) under the Exchange Act.
(d)Nothing in this Section 9 shall be deemed to affect any right of a shareholder to request inclusion of a proposal in, or the right of the Company to omit a proposal from, the Company’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 (or any successor provision) under the Exchange Act.
SECTION 10. VOTING BY BALLOT. Voting on any question or in any election may be viva voce unless the presiding officer shall order or any shareholder shall demand that voting be by ballot.
SECTION 11. SHAREHOLDERS’ CONSENT IN LIEU OF MEETING. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of shareholders may be taken without a meeting if a unanimous consent setting forth the action is given in writing or by electronic transmission by each shareholder entitled to vote on the matter and filed with the minutes of proceedings of the shareholders.
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SECTION 12. MEETINGS BY REMOTE COMMUNICATIONS. The Trustees may, in their sole discretion, determine that a meeting of shareholders may be held partly or solely by means of remote communications and to the extent so authorized, shareholders and proxyholders not physically present at a meeting of shareholders may, by means of remote communications: (a) participate in a meeting of shareholders; and (b) be deemed present in person and vote at a meeting of shareholders whether such meeting is to be held at a designated place or solely by means of remote communications. In connection with any such meeting, the Company may implement such measures as the Trustees deem to be reasonable to verify that each person deemed present and permitted to vote at the meeting by means of remote communications is a shareholder or proxyholder and to provide such shareholders and proxyholders a reasonable opportunity to participate in the meeting and to vote on matters submitted to the shareholders. If any shareholder or proxyholder votes or takes other action at the meeting by means of remote communications, a record of such vote or other action shall be maintained by the Company.
ARTICLE III.
TRUSTEES
SECTION 1. GENERAL POWERS. The business and affairs of the Company shall be managed under the direction of its Board. The Board may designate a chairman of the Board who may also be an officer of the Company and who will have such powers and duties as determined by the Board from time to time.
SECTION 2. NUMBER, TENURE AND QUALIFICATIONS. At any regular meeting or at any special meeting called for that purpose, a majority of the entire Board may establish, increase or decrease the number of Trustees, provided that the number thereof shall never be fewer than one, and further provided that the tenure of office of a Trustee shall not be affected by any decrease in the number of Trustees. A majority of Trustees shall be Independent Trustees (for purposes of these Bylaws, as such term is defined in the Declaration of Trust).
SECTION 3. ANNUAL AND REGULAR MEETINGS. An annual meeting of the Board shall be held immediately after and at the same place as the annual meeting of shareholders, if any, with no notice other than this Bylaw being necessary. In the event such meeting is not so held, the meeting may be held at such time and place as shall be specified in a notice given as hereinafter provided for special meetings of the Board. Regular meetings of the Board shall be held from time to time at such places and times as provided by the Board by resolution, without notice other than such resolution.
SECTION 4. SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the Board may be called by or at the request of the chairman of the Board, the president or by a majority of the Trustees then in office. The person or persons authorized to call special meetings of the Board may fix any place as the place for holding any special meeting of the Board called by them. The Board may provide, by resolution, the time and place for the holding of special meetings of the Board, without notice other than such resolution.
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SECTION 5. NOTICE. Meetings of the Trustees may be held without call or notice. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any meeting of the Board of Trustees need be stated in the notice or waiver of notice of such meeting, and no notice need be given of action proposed to be taken by unanimous written consent.
SECTION 6. QUORUM. Any time there is more than one Trustee, a quorum for all meetings of the Trustees shall be one-third, but not less than two, of the Trustees. Unless provided otherwise in the Declaration of Trust or these Bylaws and except as required under the 1940 Act, any action of the Trustees may be taken at a meeting by a vote of a majority of the Trustees present (a quorum being present) or without a meeting by written consent as provided in Section 10 of this Article III. Any committee of the Trustees, including an executive committee, if any, may act with or without a meeting. A quorum for all meetings of any such committee shall be one-third, but not less than two, of the members thereof. Unless provided otherwise in this Declaration, any action of any such committee may be taken at a meeting by vote of a majority of the members present (a quorum being present) or without a meeting by written consent as provided in Section 10 of this Article III. With respect to actions of the Trustees and any committee of the Trustees, Trustees who are Interested Persons in any action to be taken may be counted for quorum purposes under this Section and shall be entitled to vote to the extent not prohibited by the 1940 Act. The Trustees present at a meeting which has been duly called and convened may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough Trustees to leave less than a quorum.
SECTION 7. VOTING. The action of the majority of the Trustees present at a meeting at which a quorum, as defined in Section 6 of this Article III, is present shall be the action of the Board, unless the concurrence of a greater proportion is required for such action by applicable statute or the Declaration of Trust. If enough Trustees have withdrawn from a meeting to leave less than a quorum, as defined in Section 6 of this Article III, but the meeting is not adjourned, the action of the majority of the Trustees still present at such meeting shall be the action of the Board, unless the concurrence of a greater proportion is required for such action by applicable statute or the Declaration of Trust.
SECTION 8. ORGANIZATION. At each meeting of the Board, the chairman of the Board or, in the absence of the chairman, the president shall act as chairman of the meeting. In the absence of both the chairman and the president, a Trustee chosen by a majority of the Trustees present shall act as chairman of the meeting. The secretary or, in his or her absence, an assistant secretary of the Company, or in the absence of the secretary and all assistant secretaries, a person appointed by the chairman, shall act as secretary of the meeting.
SECTION 9. TELEPHONE MEETINGS. Trustees may participate in a meeting, and any committee member of any committee established by the Board pursuant to Article IV may participate in a meeting, by means of a conference telephone or similar communications equipment if all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time; provided however, this Section 9 does not apply to any action of the Trustees, pursuant to the 1940 Act, that requires the vote of the Trustees to be cast in person at a meeting. Participation in a meeting by these means shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.
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SECTION 10. WRITTEN CONSENT BY TRUSTEES. Any action which may be taken by Trustees by vote may be taken without a meeting if that number of the Trustees, or members of a committee, as the case may be, required for approval of such action at a meeting of the Trustees or of such committee at which all of the Trustees are present and voted consent to the action in writing and the written consents are filed with the records of the meetings of Trustees. Such consent shall be treated for all purposes as a vote taken at a meeting of Trustees; provided however, this Section 10 does not apply to any action of the Trustees pursuant to the 1940 Act that requires the vote of the Trustees to be cast in person at a meeting.
SECTION 11. VACANCIES. If for any reason any or all the Trustees cease to be Trustees, such event shall not terminate the Company or affect these Bylaws or the powers of the remaining Trustees hereunder, if any. Subject to applicable requirements of the 1940 Act, except as may be provided by the Board in setting the terms of any class or series of preferred shares, (a) any vacancy on the Board may be filled only by a majority of the remaining Trustees, even if the remaining Trustees do not constitute a quorum, as defined in Section 6 of this Article III, and (b) any Trustee elected to fill a vacancy shall serve until a successor is elected and qualified; provided, however, that any such Trustee elected by the remaining Trustees to fill a vacancy shall be proposed for election by shareholders at the next annual meeting of shareholders.
SECTION 12. COMPENSATION. The Trustees shall have power to pay reasonable compensation from the funds of the Trust to themselves as Trustees. The Trustees shall fix the compensation of all officers, employees and Trustees.
Nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any Trustees from serving the Company in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.
SECTION 13. LOSS OF DEPOSITS. No Trustee shall be liable for any loss which may occur by reason of the failure of the bank, trust company, savings and loan association, or other institution with whom moneys or stock have been deposited.
SECTION 14. SURETY BONDS. Unless required by law, no Trustee shall be obligated to give any bond or surety or other security for the performance of any of his or her duties.
SECTION 15. RELIANCE. Each Trustee, officer, employee and agent of the Company shall, in the performance of his duties with respect to the Company, be fully justified and protected with regard to any act or failure to act in reliance in good faith upon the books of account or other records of the Company, upon an opinion of counsel or upon reports made to the Company by any of its officers or employees or by the advisers, accountants, appraisers or other experts or consultants selected by the Trustees or officers of the Company, regardless of whether such counsel or expert may also be a Trustee. Each Trustee, officer, employee and agent of the Company shall also otherwise be entitled to the benefit of Section 3806(k) of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act.
SECTION 16. CERTAIN RIGHTS OF TRUSTEES, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS. The Trustees shall have no responsibility to devote their full time to the affairs of the Company. Any Trustee, officer, employee or agent of the Company, in his personal capacity or in a capacity as an affiliate, employee, or agent of any other person, or otherwise, may have business interests and engage in business activities similar to or in addition to those of or relating to the Company, subject to the adoption of any policies relating to such interests and activities adopted by the Trustees and applicable law, including, as applicable, the Omnibus Guidelines (as such term is defined in the Declaration of Trust).
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ARTICLE IV.
COMMITTEES
SECTION 1. NUMBER, TENURE AND QUALIFICATIONS. The Board may, by resolution passed by a majority of the whole Board, appoint from among its members an Audit Committee, a Nominating and Governance Committee and an Independent Trustees (as such term is defined in the Declaration of Trust) Committee of the Board, and other committees the Board shall determine from time to time to be in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders, each of which shall be composed of one or more Trustees, who will serve at the pleasure of the Board.
SECTION 2. POWERS. The Board may delegate to committees appointed under Section 1 of this Article IV any of the powers of the Board, except as prohibited by law.
SECTION 3. MEETINGS. Each committee, if deemed advisable by the Board, shall have a written charter. Notice of committee meetings shall be given in the same manner as notice for special meetings of the Board. A majority of the members of a committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of such committee. The act of a majority of the committee members present at a meeting shall be the act of such committee. The Board may designate a chairman of any committee, and such chairman or, in the absence of a chairman, any two members of any committee (if there are at least two (2) members of the committee) may fix the time and place of its meeting unless the Board shall otherwise provide. In the absence of any member of any such committee, the members thereof present at any meeting, whether or not they constitute a quorum, may appoint another Trustee to act in the place of such absent member. Each committee may fix rules of procedures for its business. Each committee shall keep minutes of its proceedings.
SECTION 4. VACANCIES. Subject to the provisions hereof, the Board shall have the power at any time to change the membership of any committee, to fill all vacancies, to designate alternate members to replace any absent or disqualified member or to dissolve any such committee. Subject to the power of the Board, the members of the committee shall have the power to fill any vacancies on the committee.
ARTICLE V.
OFFICERS
SECTION 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS. The officers of the Company shall include a president, a secretary, a treasurer and/or chief financial officer and to the extent that Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act applies, a chief compliance officer and an anti-money laundering officer, and may include one or more vice presidents, one or more assistant secretaries and one or more assistant treasurers. In addition, the Board may from time to time elect such other officers with such powers and duties as it shall deem necessary or desirable. The officers of the Company shall be elected annually by the Board at the first meeting of the Board following the annual meeting of shareholders and initially at the organizational meeting of the Company, except that the president may from time to time appoint one or more vice presidents, assistant secretaries, assistant treasurers or other officers. Each officer shall hold office until his or her successor is elected and qualifies or until death, resignation or removal in the manner hereinafter provided. Any two (2) or more offices except president and vice president may be held by the same person although any person holding more than one office in the company may not act in more than one capacity to execute, acknowledge or verify an instrument required by law to be executed, acknowledged or verified by more than one officer. In their discretion, the Trustees may leave unfilled any office except that of the president, the treasurer, the secretary and the chief compliance officer. Election of an officer or agent shall not of itself create contract rights between the Company and such officer or agent.
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SECTION 2. REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION. Any officer or agent of the Company may be removed, with or without cause, by a majority of the whole Board if in its judgment the best interests of the Company would be served thereby, but such removal shall be without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the person so removed. Any officer of the Company may resign at any time by giving written notice of his or her resignation to the Board, the chairman of the Board, the president or the secretary. Any resignation shall take effect immediately upon its receipt or, if the time when it shall become effective is specified therein, at such later time specified in the notice of resignation. The acceptance of a resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective unless otherwise stated in the resignation. Such resignation shall be without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the Company. In addition, the termination or resignation of the chief compliance officer shall be effected in accordance with Rule 38a-1(4) under the 1940 Act.
SECTION 3. VACANCIES. A vacancy in any office may be filled by the Board for the balance of the term.
SECTION 4. CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER. The Board may designate a chief financial officer. The chief financial officer shall have the responsibilities and duties incident to the office of chief financial officer and such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board, the chief executive officer or the president.
SECTION 5. CHIEF COMPLIANCE OFFICER; ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING OFFICER. The Board shall designate a chief compliance officer to the extent required by, and consistent with the requirements of, the 1940 Act. The chief compliance officer, who shall also serve as the anti-money laundering officer and, subject to the direction of, and reporting to, the Board, shall be responsible for the oversight of the Company’s compliance with the U.S. federal securities laws and other applicable regulatory requirements. The designation, compensation and removal of the chief compliance officer must be approved by the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees of the Company. The chief compliance officer shall perform such executive, supervisory and management functions and duties as may be assigned to him or her from time to time by the Board, the chief executive officer or the president.
SECTION 6. PRESIDENT. The President may sign with the secretary or any other proper officer of the Company authorized by the Board, deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts, or other instruments which the Board has authorized to be executed, except in cases where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board or by these Bylaws to some other officer or agent of the Company, or shall be required by law to be otherwise signed or executed, and in general shall perform all duties incident to the office of president and such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board from time to time.
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SECTION 7. VICE PRESIDENTS. In the absence of the president, , or in the event of a vacancy in all such offices, the vice president (or in the event there be more than one vice president, the vice presidents in the order designated at the time of their election or, in the absence of any designation, then in the order of their election) shall perform the duties of the president and when so acting shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the president; and shall perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to such vice president by the the president or by the Board. The Board may designate one or more vice presidents as executive vice president, senior vice president or as vice president for particular areas of responsibility.
SECTION 8. SECRETARY. The secretary shall: (a) keep the minutes of the proceedings of the shareholders, the Board and committees of the Board in one or more books provided for that purpose; (b) see that all notices are duly given in accordance with the provisions of these Bylaws or as required by law; (c) be custodian of the corporate records and of the seal of the Company; (d) keep a register of the post office address of each shareholder which shall be furnished to the secretary by such shareholder; (e) have general charge of the shares transfer books of the Company; and (f) in general perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned by the president or by the Board.
SECTION 9. TREASURER. In the absence of a designation of a chief financial officer by the Board, the treasurer shall be the chief financial officer of the Company. In the absence of a designation of a treasurer by the Board, then the chief financial officer shall be responsible for the duties of the treasurer specified in this Section 12. The treasurer shall be responsible for: (a) the custody of the funds and securities of the Company; (b) the keeping of full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Company; and (c) the depositing of all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Company in such depositories as may be designated by the Board.
The treasurer shall disburse the funds of the Company as may be ordered by the Board, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to the president and Board, at the regular meetings of the Board or whenever it may so require, an account of all his or her transactions as treasurer and of the financial condition of the Company. The treasurer shall, if required by the Board, give bonds for the faithful performance of his duties in such sums and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board.
SECTION 10. ASSISTANT SECRETARIES AND ASSISTANT TREASURER. The assistant secretaries and assistant treasurers, in general, shall perform such duties as shall be assigned to them by the secretary or treasurer, respectively, or by the the president or the Board. The assistant treasurers shall, if required by the Board, give bonds for the faithful performance of their duties in such sums and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board.
13
ARTICLE VI.
CONTRACTS, LOANS, CHECKS AND DEPOSITS
SECTION 1. CONTRACTS. The Board may authorize any officer or agent to enter into any contract or to execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the Company and such authority may be general or confined to specific instances. Any agreement, deed, mortgage, lease or other document shall be valid and binding upon the Company when authorized or ratified by action of the Board and executed by an authorized person.
SECTION 2. CHECKS AND DRAFTS. All checks, drafts or other orders for the payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of the Company shall be signed by such officer or agent of the Company in such manner as shall from time to time be determined by the Board.
SECTION 3. DEPOSITS. All funds of the Company not otherwise employed shall be deposited from time to time to the credit of the Company in such banks, trust companies or other depositories as the Board may designate.
ARTICLE VII.
SHARES
SECTION 1. CERTIFICATES. The Company will not issue share certificates. A shareholder’s investment in the company will be recorded on the books of the Company. A shareholder wishing to transfer his or her Shares will be required to send a completed and executed form to the Company, such form to be provided upon a shareholder’s request.
SECTION 2. TRANSFERS. All transfers of shares shall be made on the books of the Company, by the holder of the shares, in person or by his or her attorney, in such manner as the Board of Trustees or any officer of the Company may prescribe.
The Company shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any shares as the holder in fact thereof and, accordingly, shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of the State of Delaware.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, transfers of shares of any class or series of shares will be subject in all respects to the Declaration of Trust of the Company and all of the terms and conditions contained therein.
SECTION 3. NOTICE OF ISSUANCE OR TRANSFER. Upon issuance or transfer of shares in the Company, the Company shall send the shareholder a written statement that reflects such investment or transfer containing such information, at a minimum, as required by law. The Company, alternatively, may furnish notice that a full statement of the information contained in the foregoing sentence will be provided to any shareholder upon request and without charge.
SECTION 4. CLOSING OF TRANSFER BOOKS OR FIXING OF RECORD DATE. The Board may set, in advance, a record date for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of shareholders or determining shareholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or the allotment of any other rights, or in order to make a determination of shareholders for any other proper purpose. Such date, in any case, shall not be prior to the close of business on the day the record date is fixed and shall be not more than ninety (90) days and, in the case of a meeting of shareholders, not less than ten (10) days, before the date on which the meeting or particular action requiring such determination of shareholders of record is to be held or taken.
14
In the context of fixing a record date, the Board may provide that the shares transfer books shall be closed for a stated period but not longer than twenty (20) days. If the shares transfer books are closed for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of shareholders, such books shall be closed for at least ten (10) days before the date of such meeting.
If no record date is fixed and the shares transfer books are not closed for the determination of shareholders, (a) the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of shareholders shall be at the close of business on the day on which the notice of meeting is mailed or the thirtieth (30th) day before the meeting, whichever is the closer date to the meeting; and (b) the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive payment of a dividend or an allotment of any other rights shall be the close of business on the day on which the resolution of the Trustees, declaring the dividend or allotment of rights, is adopted.
When a determination of shareholders entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders has been made as provided in this Section, such determination shall apply to any adjournment thereof, except when the determination has been made through the closing of the transfer books and the stated period of closing has expired.
SECTION 5. SHARES LEDGER. The Company shall maintain at its principal office or at the office of its counsel, accountants or transfer agent, an original or duplicate share ledger containing the name and address of each shareholder and the number of shares of each class held by such shareholder.
SECTION 6. FRACTIONAL SHARES; ISSUANCE OF SHARES. The Board may issue fractional shares or provide for the issuance of scrip, all on such terms and under such conditions as they may determine. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Declaration of Trust or these Bylaws, the Board may issue units consisting of different securities of the Company. Any security issued in a unit shall have the same characteristics as any identical securities issued by the Company, except that the Board may provide that for a specified period securities of the Company issued in such unit may be transferred on the books of the Company only in such unit.
15
ARTICLE VIII.
ACCOUNTING YEAR
The fiscal year of the Company shall end on December 31 of each fiscal year and may thereafter be changed by a duly adopted resolution of the Board from time to time.
ARTICLE IX.
DISTRIBUTIONS
SECTION 1. AUTHORIZATION. Dividends and other distributions upon the shares of the Company may be authorized by the Board, subject to the provisions of law and the Declaration of Trust of the Company. Dividends and other distributions may be paid in cash, property or shares of the Company, subject to the provisions of law and the Declaration of Trust.
SECTION 2. CONTINGENCIES. Before payment of any dividends or other distributions, there may be set aside out of any assets of the Company available for dividends or other distributions such sum or sums as the Board may from time to time, in its absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve fund for contingencies, for equalizing dividends or other distributions, for repairing or maintaining any property of the Company or for such other purpose as the Board shall determine to be in the best interest of the Company, and the Board may modify or abolish any such reserve.
ARTICLE X.
SEAL
SECTION 1. SEAL. The Board may authorize the adoption of a seal by the Company. The Board may authorize one or more duplicate seals and provide for the custody thereof.
SECTION 2. AFFIXING SEAL. Whenever the Company is permitted or required to affix its seal to a document, it shall be sufficient to meet the requirements of any law, rule or regulation relating to a seal to place the word “(SEAL)” adjacent to the signature of the person authorized to execute the document on behalf of the Company.
ARTICLE XI.
WAIVER OF NOTICE
Whenever any notice is required to be given pursuant to the Declaration of Trust of the Company or these Bylaws or pursuant to applicable law, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to the giving of such notice. Neither the business to be transacted at nor the purpose of any meeting need be set forth in the waiver of notice, unless specifically required by statute. The attendance of any person at any meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where such person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the ground that the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.
16
ARTICLE XII.
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT
If and to the extent that any provision of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, or any provision of the Declaration of Trust or these Bylaws conflicts with any provision of the 1940 Act, then the applicable provision of the 1940 Act shall control; provided, however, that such conflict shall not affect any of the remaining provisions of these Bylaws or the Declaration of Trust or render invalid or improper any action taken or omitted prior to such determination.
ARTICLE XIII.
AMENDMENT OF BYLAWS
The Board shall have the exclusive power to adopt, alter or repeal any provision of these Bylaws and to make new Bylaws not inconsistent with the Declaration of Trust. To the extent any provisions of the Bylaws conflict with the Declaration of Trust, the Declaration of Trust shall control. 17
Exhibit 4.1
APPENDIX A: FORM OF SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT
Not for Execution
Subscription Agreement for Shares of
PGIM Private Credit Fund
1. Your Investment
A. Investment Information
Investment Amount $___________________
B. Investment Method
| ¨ | By mail: Please make checks payable to Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC (“PMFS”) P.O. Box 219929, Kansas City, MO 64121-9929 as agent for PGIM PRIVATE CREDIT FUND and attach to this agreement.* |
|---|
* Cash, cashier’s checks/official bank checks, temporary checks, foreign checks, money orders, third-party checks, or travelers checks are not accepted.
| ¨ | By wire: Please call us at (844) 753-6354 for assistance. |
|---|
C. Share Class Selection
| ¨ | ¨ | ¨ |
|---|---|---|
| (The minimum investment is 2,500) | (The minimum investment is 2,500) | (The minimum investment is 1,000,000 (unless waived)) |
All values are in US Dollars.
** Available for certain fee-based wrap accounts and other eligible investors as disclosed in the prospectus, as amended and supplemented.
2. Ownership Type (Select only one)
A. Taxable Accounts
Account Number _______________________
| ☐ | Individual or Joint Tenant With Rights of Survivorship | |
|---|---|---|
| | ¨ | Transfer on Death (Optional Designation. |
| | | Not Available for Louisiana Residents. See Section 3C*.)* |
| ☐ | Tenants in Common | |
| ☐ | Community Property | |
| ☐ | Uniform Gift/Transfer to Minors |
State of _________________
Date of Birth _____________
| ☐ | Trust (Include Certification of Investment Powers Form or 1st and Last page of Trust Documents) |
|---|---|
| ☐ | C Corporation |
| ☐ | S Corporation |
| ☐ | Profit-Sharing Plan |
| ☐ | Non-Profit Organization |
| ☐ | Limited Liability Corporation |
| ☐ | Corporation / Partnership / Other (Corporate Resolution or Partnership Agreement Required) |
B. Entity Name – Retirement Plan / Trust / Corporation / Partnership / Other
Trustee(s) and/or authorized signatory(s) information MUSTbe provided in Sections 3A and 3B
| Entity Name | Tax ID Number | Date of Formation | Exemptions |
|---|---|---|---|
| (See Form W-9 instructions at www.irs.gov) |
Entity Address (Legal Address. Required)
Entity Type (Select one. Required)
| ¨ Retirement Plan | ¨ Trust | ¨ S-Corp | ¨ C-Corp | ¨ LLC | ¨ Partnership | Exempt payee code (if any) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ¨ Other |
Jurisdiction (if Non-U.S.) __________________
Exemption from FATCA reporting code (if any) ____________________
(Attach a completed applicable Form W-8)
3. Investor Information
A. Investor Name (Investor / Trustee / Executor / Authorized Signatory Information) Residential street address MUST be provided. See Section 4 if mailing address is different than residential street address
| First Name | MI | Last Name | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | | | | | | ||
| Social Security Number / Tax ID | Date of Birth (MM/DD/YYYY) | Daytime Phone Number | ||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | ||
| Residential Street Address* | City | State | Zip Code | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Email Address |
*Legal address cannot be a P.O. Box
If you are a non-U.S. citizen, please specify your country of citizenship (required):
| ¨ | Resident Alien | ¨ | Non-Resident Alien (Attach a completed Form W-8BEN, Rev. J) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | |||
| | Country of Citizenship |
| Please specify if you are a Prudential employee/officer/director/affiliate (required): | ¨ Prudential Employee | ¨ Prudential Officer or Director |
|---|---|---|
| ¨ Immediate Family Member of Prudential Officer or Director | ¨ Prudential Affiliate | ¨ Not Applicable |
| Occupation | Primary Industry (i.e. manufacturing, retail,<br>transportation, finance) |
|---|
| Ranges | Annual Income | Liquid Net Worth |
|---|---|---|
| $0-49,999 | ¨ | ¨ |
| $50,000-99,999 | ¨ | ¨ |
| $100,000-249,999 | ¨ | ¨ |
| $250,000-499,99 | ¨ | ¨ |
| $500,000-999,999 | ¨ | ¨ |
| $1,000,000-4,999,99 | ¨ | ¨ |
| $5,000,000 + | ¨ | ¨ |
2
B. Co-Investor Name (Co-Investor / Co-Trustee / Co-Authorized Signatory Information, if applicable)
| First Name | MI | Last Name | Gender | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | | | | | |
| Social Security Number / Tax ID | Date of Birth (MM/DD/YYYY) | Daytime Phone Number | ||||||
| | | | | | | | | |
| Residential Street Address | City | State | Zip Code | |||||
| | | | | | | | | |
| Email Address |
| Occupation | Primary Industry (i.e. manufacturing, retail,<br>transportation, finance) |
|---|
| Ranges | Annual Income | Liquid Net Worth |
|---|---|---|
| $0-49,999 | ¨ | ¨ |
| $50,000-99,999 | ¨ | ¨ |
| $100,000-249,999 | ¨ | ¨ |
| $250,000-499,99 | ¨ | ¨ |
| $500,000-999,999 | ¨ | ¨ |
| $1,000,000-4,999,99 | ¨ | ¨ |
| $5,000,000 + | ¨ | ¨ |
If you are a non-U.S. citizen, please specify your country of citizenship (required):
| ¨ Resident Alien | ¨ Non-Resident Alien (Attach a completed Form W-8BEN, Rev. July 2017) | |
|---|---|---|
| | Country of Citizenship |
| Please specify if you are a Prudential employee/officer/director/affiliate (required): | ¨ Prudential Employee | ¨ Prudential Officer or Director |
|---|---|---|
| ¨ Immediate Family Member of Prudential Officer or Director | ¨ Prudential Affiliate | ¨ Not Applicable |
C. Transfer on Death Beneficiary Information (Individual or Joint Account with rights of survivorship only. Not available for Louisiana residents. Beneficiary date of birth required. Whole percentages only; must equal 100%.)
| | | | | | | | | | | Primary<br>Secondary | | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First Name | (MI) | Last Name | SSN | Date of Birth<br>(MM/DD/YYYY) | ||||||||
| Primary<br>Secondary | % | |||||||||||
| First Name | (MI) | Last Name | SSN | Date of Birth<br>(MM/DD/YYYY) | ||||||||
| Primary<br>Secondary | % | |||||||||||
| First Name | (MI) | Last Name | SSN | Date of Birth<br>(MM/DD/YYYY) | ||||||||
| Primary<br>Secondary | % | |||||||||||
| First Name | (MI) | Last Name | SSN | Date of Birth<br>(MM/DD/YYYY) |
3
Custodian/Guardian for a minor Beneficiary (required*, cannot be same as Investor or Co-Investor*):
D. ERISA Plan Asset Regulations
All investors are required to complete Appendix B attached hereto.
4. Contact Information (If different than provided in Section 3A)
| Mailing Address | City | State | Zip Code |
|---|
5. Select How You Want to Receive Your Distributions (Please Read Entire Section and Select Only One)
You are automatically enrolled in our Distribution Reinvestment Plan, unless you are a resident of ALABAMA, ARKANSAS, IDAHO, KANSAS, KENTUCKY, MAINE, MARYLAND, MASSACHUSETTS, NEBRASKA, NEW JERSEY, NORTH CAROLINA, OHIO, OKLAHOMA, OREGON, TEXAS, VERMONT OR WASHINGTON.
| ☐ | If you are not a resident of the states listed above, you are automatically enrolled in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan; please check here if you DO NOT wish to be enrolled in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan and complete the Cash Distribution Information section below. |
|---|
ONLY complete the following information if you do not wish to enroll in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan. For custodial held accounts, if you elect cash distributions the funds must be sent to the custodian.
| A. | ¨ | Check mailed to street address in 3A(only available for non-custodial investors). |
|---|
| B. | ¨ | Check mailed to secondary address in 3B(only available for non-custodial investors). |
|---|
| C. | ¨ | Direct Deposit by ACH(only available for non-custodial investors). PLEASE ATTACH A PRE-VOIDED CHECK |
|---|
| D. | ¨ | Check mailed to Third party Financial Institution (complete section below). |
|---|
¨ If you ARE a resident of Alabama, Arkansas, Idaho, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nebraska, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Texas, Vermont or Washington, you are not automatically enrolled in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan. Please check here if you wish to enroll in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan. You will automatically receive cash distributions unless you elect to enroll in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan.
I authorize PGIM Private Credit Fund or its agent to deposit my distribution into my checking or savings account. This authority will remain in force until I notify PGIM Private Credit Fund in writing to cancel it. In the event that PGIM Private Credit Fund deposits funds erroneously into my account, they are authorized to debit my account for an amount not to exceed the amount of the erroneous deposit.
| Bank Name | Bank Account Number | Bank Routing Number | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | |
| Name of Depositor (first, middle initial, last name) | Name of Joint Depositor (first, middle initial, last name) |
6. Designated Representative or Trusted Contact
| First Name | MI | Last Name | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | | | | | |
| Social Security Number / Tax ID | Daytime Phone Number | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | |
| Residential Street Address* | City | State | Zip Code | |||||
| | | | | | | | | |
| Email Address |
*Legal address cannot be a P.O. Box 4
7. Cost Basis Election
Establish the following cost basis method on all funds in my account number referenced in section 1. Check only one method from the list below.
| ¨ | Average Cost - Under this method, we use the average basis of all shares owned at the time of redemption, regardless of how long you owned them. To determine the holding period, the shares sold are considered to be those acquired first. |
|---|---|
| ¨ | First In, First Out (FIFO) - This method keeps track of every tax lot of shares purchased. When calculating gain or loss, this method depletes tax lots in the chronological order in which available lots were acquired. |
| ¨ | Last In, First Out (LIFO) - The most recent shares acquired will be redeemed first. |
| ¨ | Highest Cost In, First Out (HIFO) - The highest cost shares will be redeemed first. |
| ¨ | Highest Cost Long-Term In, First Out (HILT) - The long-term highest cost shares will be redeemed first. |
| ¨ | Lowest Cost Short-Term In, First Out (LIST) - The short-term lowest cost shares will be redeemed first. |
8. Broker / Financial Advisor Information (Required Information. All fields must be completed.)
The Financial Advisor must sign below to complete the order. The Financial Advisor hereby warrants that he/she is duly licensed and may lawfully sell shares in the state designated as the investor’s legal residence.
| | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Broker | Financial Advisor Name | |||
| | | | | |
| Advisor Mailing Address | ||||
| | ||||
| City | State | Zip Code | ||
| | | | | |
| Financial Advisor Number | Branch Number | Telephone Number | ||
| | | | | |
| E-mail Address | Fax Number | |||
| | | | | |
| Operations Contact Name | Operations Contact Email Address |
Please note that unless previously agreed to in writing by PGIM Private Credit Fund, all sales of securities must be made through a Broker, including when an RIA has introduced the sale. In all cases, Section 6 must be completed.
The undersigned confirm(s), which confirmation is made on behalf of the Broker with respect to sales of securities made through a Broker, that they (i) have reasonable grounds to believe that the information and representations concerning the investor identified herein are true, correct and complete in all respects; (ii) have discussed such investor’s prospective purchase of shares with such investor; (iii) have advised such investor of all pertinent facts with regard to the lack of liquidity and marketability of the shares; (iv) have delivered or made available a current prospectus and related supplements, if any, to such investor; (v) have reasonable grounds to believe that the investor is purchasing these shares for his or her own account; (vi) have reasonable grounds to believe that the purchase of shares is a suitable investment for such investor, taking into account such investor’s age, investment objectives, investment experience, income, net worth, financial situation and other investments of the prospective investor, as well as any other pertinent factors, that such investor meets the suitability standards applicable to such investor set forth in the prospectus and related supplements, if any, and that such investor is in a financial position to enable such investor to realize the benefits of such an investment and to suffer any loss that may occur with respect thereto; and (vii) have advised such investor that the shares have not been registered and are not expected to be registered under the laws of any country or jurisdiction outside of the United States except as otherwise described in the prospectus. The undersigned Broker, Financial Advisor or Financial Representative listed in Section 6 further represents and certifies that, in connection with this subscription for shares, he/she has complied with and has followed all applicable policies and procedures of his or her firm relating to, and performed functions required by, federal and state securities laws, rules promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including, but not limited to Rule 15l-1 (“Regulation Best Interest”) and FINRA rules and regulations including, but not limited to Know Your Customer, Suitability and PATRIOT Act (Anti Money Laundering, Customer Identification) as required by its relationship with the investor(s) identified on this document.
THIS SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT AND ALL RIGHTS HEREUNDER SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND INTERPRETED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE. 5
If you do not have another broker or other financial intermediary introducing you to PGIM Private Credit Fund, then Prudential Investment Management Services LLC (“PIMS”) may be deemed to act as your broker of record in connection with any investment in PGIM Private Credit Fund. PIMS is not a full- service broker-dealer and may not provide the kinds of financial services that you might expect from another financial intermediary, such as holding securities in an account. If PIMS is your broker of record, then your shares will be held in your name on the books of PGIM Private Credit Fund. PIMS will not monitor your investments, and has not and will not make any recommendation regarding your investments. If you want to receive financial advice regarding a prospective investment in the shares, contact your broker or other financial intermediary.
| X | X | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Financial Advisory Signature | Date | Branch Manager Signature (If required by Broker) | Date |
9. Electronic Delivery Form (Optional)
| Primary<br>Investor<br>Initials | Co-<br>Investor<br>Initials | |
|---|---|---|
| Initial here to choose e-Delivery for Statements, Confirmations, Fund Prospectuses, Tax Forms and shareholder reports.*** |
*** By enrolling for e-Delivery you consent to receive electronic versions instead of paper copies of documents for your mutual fund account. Once enrolled you can choose other e-Delivery options. PGIM will only use your email address to provide you with the material you requested or to send important news about your account. Note: All documents will be sent to you by U.S. Mail if you do not select a delivery preference.
| | |
|---|---|
| E-mail address |
If blank, the email provided in Section 4 will be used.
10. Subscriber Signatures
PGIM Private Credit Fund is required by law to obtain, verify and record certain personal information from you or persons on your behalf in order to establish the account. Required information includes name, date of birth, permanent residential address and social security/taxpayer identification number. We may also ask to see other identifying documents. If you do not provide the information, PGIM Private Credit Fund may not be able to open your account. By signing the Subscription Agreement, you agree to provide this information and confirm that this information is true and correct. If we are unable to verify your identity, or that of another person(s) authorized to act on your behalf, or if we believe we have identified potentially criminal activity, we reserve the right to take action as we deem appropriate which may include closing your account.
Please separately initial each of the representations below. Except in the case of fiduciary accounts, you may not grant any person a power of attorney to make the representations on your behalf. In order to induce PGIM Private Credit Fund to accept this subscription, I hereby represent and warrant to you as follows:
10.a. Please Note: All Items in this section 10.a. must be read and initialed
| Co-<br>Investor<br>Initials | ||
|---|---|---|
| (i) | I have received the prospectus (as amended or supplemented) for PGIM Private Credit Fund at least five business days prior to the date hereof. | |
| Initials | ||
| (ii) | I have (A) a minimum net worth (not including home, home furnishings and personal automobiles) of at least 250,000, or (B) a minimum net worth (as previously described) of at least 70,000 and a minimum annual gross income of at least 70,000. | |
| Initials | ||
| (iii) | In addition to the general suitability requirements described above, I meet the higher suitability requirements, if any, imposed by my state of primary residence as set forth in the prospectus under “SUITABILITY STANDARDS.” | |
| Initials | ||
| (iv) | If I am an entity that was formed for the purpose of purchasing shares, each individual that owns an interest in such entity meets the general suitability requirements described above. | |
| Initials |
All values are in US Dollars.
6
| Primary<br>Investor<br>Initials | Co-<br>Investor<br>Initials | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (v) | I acknowledge that there is no public market for the shares, shares of this offering are not liquid and appropriate only as a long-term investment. | |||
| Initials | Initials | |||
| (vi) | I acknowledge that the shares have not been registered and are not expected to be registered under the laws of any country or jurisdiction outside of the United States except as otherwise described in the prospectus. | |||
| Initials | Initials | |||
| (vii) | I acknowledge that PGIM Private Credit Fund may enter into transactions with Prudential affiliates that involve conflicts of interest as described in the prospectus. | |||
| Initials | Initials | |||
| (viii) | I acknowledge that subscriptions must be submitted at least five business days prior to first day of each month my investment will be executed as of the first day of the applicable month at the NAV per share as of the day preceding day. I acknowledge that I will not know the NAV per share at which my investment will be executed at the time I subscribe and the NAV per share will generally be made available at www.pgim.com/ppcf as of the last day of each month within 20 business days of the last day of each month. | |||
| Initials | Initials | |||
| (ix) | I acknowledge that my subscription request will not be accepted any earlier than two business days before the first calendar day of each month. I acknowledge that I am not committed to purchase shares at the time my subscription order is submitted and I may cancel my subscription at any time before the time it has been accepted as described in the previous sentence. I understand that I may withdraw my purchase request by notifying the transfer agent, through my financial intermediary or directly on PGIM Private Credit Fund’s toll-free, automated telephone line, (844) 753-6354. | |||
| Initials | Initials |
10.b. If you live in any of the following states, please complete Appendix A to PGIM Private Credit Fund Subscription Agreement:
Alabama, California, Idaho, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Puerto Rico, Tennessee, Texas and Vermont
In the case of sales to fiduciary accounts, the minimum standards in Appendix A shall be met by the beneficiary, the fiduciary, account, or, by the donor or grantor, who directly or indirectly supplies the funds to purchase the shares if the donor or grantor is the fiduciary.
If you do not have another broker or other financial intermediary introducing you to PGIM Private Credit Fund, then PIMS may be deemed to be acting as your broker of record in connection with any investment in PGIM Private Credit Fund. For important information in this respect, see Section 6 above. I declare that the information supplied in this Subscription Agreement is true and correct and may be relied upon by PGIM Private Credit Fund. I acknowledge that the Broker / Financial Advisor (Broker / Financial Advisor of record) indicated in Section 6 of this Subscription Agreement and its designated clearing agent, if any, will have full access to my account information, including the number of shares I own, tax information (including the Form 1099) and redemption information. Investors may change the Broker / Financial Advisor of record at any time by contacting PGIM Private Credit Fund Investor Relations at the number indicated below.
SUBSTITUTE IRS FORM W-9 CERTIFICATIONS (required for U.S. investors):
Under penalties of perjury, I certify that:
| (1) | The number shown on this Subscription Agreement is my correct taxpayer identification number (or I am waiting for a number to be issued to me); and |
|---|
| (2) | I am not subject to backup withholding because: (a) I am exempt from backup withholding, or (b) I have not been notified by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) that I am subject to backup withholding as a result of a failure to report all interest or dividends, or (c) the IRS has notified me that I am no longer subject to backup withholding; and |
|---|
| (3) | I am a U.S. citizen or other U.S. person (including a resident alien) (defined in IRS Form W-9); and |
|---|
| (4) | The FATCA code(s) entered on this form (if any) indicating that I am exempt from FATCA reporting is correct. |
|---|
**Certification instructions.**You must cross out item 2 above if you have been notified by the IRS that you are currently subject to backup withholding because you have failed to report all interest and dividends on your tax return.
The Internal Revenue Service does not require your consent to any provision of this document other than the certifications required to avoid backup withholding. 7
Certification instructions. You must cross out item 2 above if you have been notified by the IRS that you are currently subject to backup withholding because you have failed to report all interest and dividends on your tax return.
The Internal Revenue Service does not require your consent to any provision of this document other than the certifications required to avoid backup withholding.
| X | X | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Signature of Investor | Date | Signature of Co-Investor or Custodian (If applicable) | Date |
(MUST BE SIGNED BY CUSTODIAN OR TRUSTEE IF PLAN IS ADMINISTERED BY A THIRD PARTY)
11.Miscellaneous
If investors participating in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan or making subsequent purchases of shares of PGIM Private Credit Fund experience a material adverse change in their financial condition or can no longer make the representations or warranties set forth in Section 8 above, they are asked to promptly notify PGIM Private Credit Fund and the Broker in writing. The Broker may notify PGIM Private Credit Fund if an investor participating in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan can no longer make the representations or warranties set forth in Section 8 above, and PGIM Private Credit Fund may rely on such notification to terminate such investor’s participation in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan.
No sale of shares may be completed until at least five business days after you receive the final prospectus. To be accepted, a subscription request must be made with a completed and executed subscription agreement in good order and payment of the full purchase price at least five business prior to the first calendar day of the month (unless waived). You will receive a written confirmation of your purchase.
All items on the Subscription Agreement must be completed in order for your subscription to be processed. Subscribers are encouraged to read the prospectus in its entirety for a complete explanation of an investment in the shares of PGIM Private Credit Fund.
Return the completed Subscription Agreement to:
Regular Mail PGIM Investments PO Box 219929 Kansas City, MO 64121-9929
Express Mail PGIM Investments 430 W 7th Street, Suite 219929 Kansas City, MO 64105-1407
PGIM Private Credit Fund Investor Relations: (844) 753-6354
8
Appendix A
For purposes of determining whether you satisfy the standards below, your net worth is calculated excluding the value of your home, home furnishings and automobiles, and, unless otherwise indicated, “liquid net worth” is defined as that portion of net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable investments.
Investors in the following states have the additional suitability standards as set forth below.
| Co-<br>Investor<br>Initials | |
|---|---|
| If I am an Alabama resident, in addition to the suitability standards set forth above, an investment in PGIM Private Credit Fund will only be sold to me if I have a liquid net worth of at least 10 times my investment in PGIM Private Credit Fund and its affiliates. | |
| Initials | |
| If I am a California resident, I may not invest more than 10% of my liquid net worth in the PGIM Private Credit Fund and must have either (a) a liquid net worth of 100,000 and annual gross income of 85,000 or (b) a liquid net worth of 350,000. For this purpose, the net worth shall be determined exclusive of home, home furnishing and automobiles. Assets shall be valued at fair market value. | |
| Initials | |
| If I am an Idaho resident, I must have either (a) a liquid net worth of 85,000 and annual gross income of 85,000 or (b) a liquid net worth of 300,000. Additionally, the total investment in PGIM Private Credit Fund shall not exceed 10% of my liquid net worth. | |
| Initials | |
| If I am an Iowa resident, I (i) have either (a) an annual gross income of at least 100,000 and a net worth of at least 100,000, or (b) a net worth of at least 350,000 (net worth should be determined exclusive of home, auto and home furnishings); and (ii) limit my aggregate investment in this offering and in the securities of other non-traded business development companies to 10% of my liquid net worth (liquid net worth should be determined as that portion of net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities). If I am an accredited investors as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, I am not subject to the foregoing concentration limit. | |
| Initials | |
| If I am a Kansas resident, I understand that it is recommended by the Office of the Kansas Securities Commissioner that Kansas investors limit their aggregate investment in our securities and other similar investments to not more than 10% of their liquid net worth. Liquid net worth shall be defined as that portion of the purchaser’s total net worth that is comprised of cash, cash equivalents, and readily marketable securities, as determined in conformity with GAAP. | |
| Initials | |
| If I am a Kentucky resident, I may not invest more than 10% of my liquid net worth in PGIM Private Credit Fund or its affiliates. “Liquid net worth” is defined as that portion of net worth that is comprised of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. | |
| Initials | |
| If I am a Maine resident, I acknowledge that it is recommended by the Maine Office of Securities that my aggregate investment in this offering and other similar direct participation investments not exceed 10% of my liquid net worth. For this purpose, “liquid net worth” is defined as that portion of net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. | |
| Initials | |
| If I am a Massachusetts resident, in addition to the suitability standards set forth above, I may not invest more than 10% of my liquid net worth in PGIM Private Credit Fund and in other illiquid direct participation programs. | |
| Initials | |
| If I am a Missouri resident, in addition to the suitability standards set forth above, I may not invest more than 10% of my liquid net worth in PGIM Private Credit Fund. | |
| Initials | |
| If I am a Nebraska resident, in addition to the suitability standards set forth above, I must limit my aggregate investment in this offering and the securities of other business development companies to 10% of such investor’s net worth. Investors who are accredited investors as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933 are not subject to the foregoing investment concentration limit. | |
| Initials |
All values are in US Dollars. 9
| Co-<br>Investor<br>Initials | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| If I am a New Jersey resident, (1) I have either (a) a minimum liquid net worth of at least 100,000 and a minimum annual gross income of not less than 85,000, or (b) a minimum liquid net worth of 350,000. For these purposes, “liquid net worth” is defined as that portion of net worth (total assets exclusive of home, home furnishings, and automobiles, minus total liabilities) that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. In addition, my total investment in PGIM Private Credit Fund, its affiliates and other non-publicly traded direct investment programs (including real estate investment trusts, business development companies, oil and gas programs, equipment leasing programs and commodity pools, but excluding unregistered, federally and state exempt private offerings) may not exceed 10% of my liquid net worth, and (2) I acknowledge that although PGIM Investments LLC (the “Manager” or “PGIM Investments”), the investment adviser to PGIM Private Credit Fund, will advance all organization and offering expenses of PGIM Private Credit Fund, and may elect to pay certain of PGIM Private Credit Fund’s expenses, PGIM Private Credit Fund is obligated to reimburse the Manager, and this will reduce the returns available to investors. | |||
| Initials | Initials | ||
| If I am a New Mexico resident, in addition to the general suitability standards listed above, I may not invest, and I may not accept from an investor more than ten percent (10%) of my liquid net worth in shares of PGIM Private Credit Fund, its affiliates and in other non-traded business development companies. Liquid net worth is defined as that portion of net worth which consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. | |||
| Initials | Initials | ||
| If I am a North Dakota resident, I have a net worth of at least ten times my investment in PGIM Private Credit Fund. | |||
| Initials | Initials | ||
| If I am an Ohio resident, I understand that purchasers residing in Ohio may not invest more than 10% of their liquid net worth in PGIM Private Credit Fund, our affiliates and other non-traded BDCs. For purposes of Ohio’s suitability standard, “liquid net worth” is defined as that portion of net worth (total assets exclusive of home, home furnishings, and automobiles minus total liabilities) that is comprised of cash, cash equivalents, and readily marketable securities. This condition does not apply, directly or indirectly, to federally covered securities. | |||
| Initials | Initials | ||
| If I am an Oklahoma resident, I may not invest more than 10% of my liquid net worth in PGIM Private Credit Fund. | |||
| Initials | Initials | ||
| If I am an Oregon resident, in addition to the suitability standards set forth above, I may not invest more than 10% of my liquid net worth. Liquid net worth is defined as net worth excluding the value of the investor’s home, home furnishings and automobile. | |||
| Initials | Initials | ||
| If I am a Puerto Rico resident, I may not invest more than 10% of my liquid net worth in PGIM Private Credit Fund, its affiliates and other non-traded real estate investment programs. For these purposes, “liquid net worth” is defined as that portion of net worth (total assets exclusive of primary residence, home furnishings and automobiles minus total liabilities) consisting of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. | |||
| Initials | Initials | ||
| If I am a Tennessee resident, I must have a liquid net worth of at least ten times my investment in PGIM Private Credit Fund. | |||
| Initials | Initials | ||
| If I am a Vermont resident and I am an accredited investor in Vermont, as defined in 17 C.F.R. § 230.501, I may invest freely in this offering. In addition to the suitability standards described above, if I am non-accredited Vermont investors, I may not purchase an amount in this offering that exceeds 10% of my liquid net worth. For these purposes, “liquid net worth” is defined as an investor’s total assets (not including home, home furnishings or automobiles) minus total liabilities. | |||
| Initials | Initials |
All values are in US Dollars.
10
Appendix B: Additional Questionnaire
Instructions: All purchasers please complete this Appendix B in its entirety.
1. Are you a “benefit plan investor” within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations^1^ or will you use the assets of a “benefit plan investor”^2^ to invest in PGIM Private Credit Fund?
¨ Yes ¨ No
2. If Question (1) above is “yes” please indicate what percentage of the purchaser’s assets invested in PGIM Private Credit Fund are considered to be the assets of “benefit plan investors” within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations:
________%
3. If you are investing the assets of an insurance company general account please indicate what percentage of the insurance company general account’s assets invested in PGIM Private Credit Fund are the assets of “benefit plan investors” within the meaning of Section 401(c)(1)(A) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, or the regulations promulgated thereunder?
________%
4. Please indicate if you are “Controlling Person” defined as: (i) a person (including an entity), other than a “benefit plan investor” who has discretionary authority or control with respect to the assets of PGIM Private Credit Fund, a person who provides investment advice for a fee (direct or indirect) with respect to such assets, or any “affiliate” of such a person. An “affiliate” of a person includes any person, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the person. For purposes of this definition, “control,” with respect to a person other than an individual, means the power to exercise a controlling influence over the management or policies of such person.
¨ Yes ¨ No
^1^ “Plan Asset Regulations” means the regulations issued by the United States Department of Labor at Section 2510.3-101 of Part 2510 of Chapter XXV, Title 29 of the United States Code of Federal Regulations, as modified by Section 3(42) of ERISA, as the same may be amended from time to time.
^2^ The term “benefit plan investor” includes, for example: (i) an “employee benefit plan” as defined in section 3(3) of the U.S. Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), that is subject to Title I of ERISA (such as employee welfare benefit plans (generally, plans that provide for health, medical or other welfare benefits) and employee pension benefit plans (generally, plans that provide for retirement or pension income)); (ii) “plans” described in section 4975(e)(1) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), that is subject to section 4975 of the Code (including, for example, an individual retirement account (an “IRA”), an individual retirement annuity, a “Keogh” plan, a pension plan, an Archer MSA described in section 220(d) of the Code, a Coverdell education savings account described in section 530 of the Code and a health savings account described in section 223(d) of the Code) and (iii) an entity that is, or whose assets would be deemed to constitute the assets of, one or more “employee benefit plans” or “plans” (such as, for example, a master trust or a plan assets fund) under ERISA or the Plan Asset Regulations. 11
Exhibit 4.2
DESCRIPTION OF OUR SHARES
The following description is based on relevant portions of Delaware law and on PGIM Private Credit Fund’s (the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) Declaration of Trust and bylaws, each of which is filed as an exhibit to our Annual Report on Form 10-K of which this Exhibit 4.2 is a part. This summary is not necessarily complete, and we refer you to Delaware law, our Declaration of Trust and our bylaws for a more detailed description of the provisions summarized below.
Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meaning ascribed to them in the Annual Report on Form 10-K to which this Description of Shares is attached as an exhibit.
General
The terms of the Declaration of Trust authorize an unlimited number of Common Shares of any class, par value $0.001 per share, and an unlimited number of preferred shares, with such par value as may be authorized from time to time by the Trustees in their sole discretion without shareholder approval. The Declaration of Trust provides that the Board may classify or reclassify any unissued Common Shares into one or more classes or series of Common Shares or preferred shares by setting or changing the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, or limitations as to dividends, qualifications, or terms or conditions of redemption of the shares. There is currently no market for our Common Shares, and we can offer no assurances that a market for our Common Shares will develop in the future. We do not intend for the Common Shares to be listed on any national securities exchange. There are no outstanding options or warrants to purchase our shares. No Common Shares have been authorized for issuance under any equity compensation plans. Under the terms of our Declaration of Trust, shareholders shall be entitled to the same limited liability extended to shareholders of private Delaware for profit corporations formed under the Delaware General Corporation Law, 8 Del. C. § 100, et. seq. Our Declaration of Trust provides that no shareholder shall be liable for any debt, claim, demand, judgment or obligation of any kind of, against or with respect to us by reason of being a shareholder, nor shall any shareholder be subject to any personal liability whatsoever, in tort, contract or otherwise, to any person in connection with the Company’s assets or the affairs of the Company by reason of being a shareholder.
None of our Common Shares are subject to further calls or to assessments, sinking fund provisions, obligations of the Company or potential liabilities associated with ownership of the security (not including investment risks). In addition, except as may be provided by the Board in setting the terms of any class or series of Common Shares, no shareholder shall be entitled to exercise appraisal rights in connection with any transaction.
Common Shares
Under the terms of our Declaration of Trust, all Common Shares will have equal rights as to voting and, when they are issued, will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. Dividends and distributions may be paid to the holders of our Common Shares if, as and when authorized by our Board and declared by us out of funds legally available therefore. Except as may be provided by our Board in setting the terms of classified or reclassified shares, our Common Shares will have no preemptive, exchange, conversion, appraisal or redemption rights and will be freely transferable, except where their transfer is restricted by federal and state securities laws or by contract and except that, in order to avoid the possibility that our assets could be treated as “plan assets,” we may require any person proposing to acquire Common Shares to furnish such information as may be necessary to determine whether such person is a benefit plan investor or a controlling person, restrict or prohibit transfers of such shares or redeem any outstanding shares for such price and on such other terms and conditions as may be determined by or at the direction of the Board. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, each share of our Common Shares would be entitled to share pro rata in all of our assets that are legally available for distribution after we pay all debts and other liabilities and subject to any preferential rights of holders of our preferred shares, if any preferred shares are outstanding at such time. Subject to the rights of holders of any other class or series of shares, each share of our Common Shares will be entitled to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders, including the election of Trustees. Except as may be provided by the Board in setting the terms of classified or reclassified shares, and subject to the express terms of any class or series of preferred shares, the holders of our Common Shares will possess exclusive voting power. There will be no cumulative voting in the election of Trustees. Subject to the special rights of the holders of any class or series of preferred shares to elect Trustees, each Trustee will be elected by a plurality of
the votes cast with respect to such Trustee’s election except in the case of a “contested election” (as defined in our bylaws), in which case Trustees will be elected by a majority of the votes cast in the contested election of Trustees. Pursuant to our Declaration of Trust, our Board may amend the bylaws to alter the vote required to elect trustees.
Class S Shares
No upfront selling commissions are paid for sales of any Class S Shares, however, if you purchase Class S Shares from certain financial intermediaries, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, in such amount as they may determine, provided that selling agents limit such charges to 3.5% cap on NAV for Class S Shares.
We pay the Intermediary Manager selling commissions over time as a shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee with respect to our outstanding Class S Shares equal to 0.85% per annum of the aggregate NAV of our outstanding Class S Shares, including any Class S Shares issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees are paid monthly in arrears. The Intermediary Manager reallows (pays) all or a portion of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to participating brokers and servicing brokers for ongoing shareholder services performed by such brokers, and will waive shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to the extent a broker is not eligible to receive it for failure to provide such services.
Class D Shares
No upfront selling commissions are paid for sales of any Class D Shares, however, if you purchase Class D Shares from certain financial intermediaries, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, in such amount as they may determine, provided that selling agents limit such charges to 1.5% cap on NAV for Class D Shares.
We pay the Intermediary Manager selling commissions over time as a shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee with respect to our outstanding Class D Shares equal to 0.25% per annum of the aggregate NAV of all our outstanding Class D Shares, including any Class D Shares issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees are paid monthly in arrears. The Intermediary Manager reallows (pays) all or a portion of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to participating brokers and servicing brokers for ongoing shareholder services performed by such brokers, and will waive shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to the extent a broker is not eligible to receive it for failure to provide such services.
Class D Shares are generally available for purchase in this offering only (1) through fee-based programs, also known as wrap accounts, that provide access to Class D Shares, (2) through participating brokers that have alternative fee arrangements with their clients to provide access to Class D Shares, (3) through transaction/ brokerage platforms at participating brokers, (4) through certain registered investment advisers, (5) through bank trust departments or any other organization or person authorized to act in a fiduciary capacity for its clients or customers or (6) by other categories of investors that we name in an amendment or supplement to this prospectus.
Class I Shares
No upfront selling commissions or shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees are paid for sales of any Class I Shares and financial intermediaries will not charge you transaction or other such fees on Class I Shares.
Class I Shares are generally available for purchase in this offering only (1) through fee-based programs, also known as wrap accounts, that provide access to Class I Shares, (2) by endowments, foundations, pension funds and other institutional investors, (3) through participating brokers that have alternative fee arrangements with their clients to provide access to Class I Shares, (4) through certain registered investment advisers, (5) by our executive officers and trustees and their immediate family members, as well as officers and employees of the Manager, Prudential, PPC or other affiliates and their immediate family members, and joint venture partners, consultants and other service providers or (6) by other categories of investors that we name in an amendment or supplement to this prospectus. In certain cases, where a holder of Class S or Class D Shares exits a relationship with a participating broker for this
offering and does not enter into a new relationship with a participating broker for this offering, such holder’s shares may be exchanged into an equivalent NAV amount of Class I Shares.
Other Terms of Common Shares
We will cease paying the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee on the Class S Shares and Class D Shares on the earlier to occur of the following: (i) a listing of Class I Shares, (ii) our merger or consolidation with or into another entity, or the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of our assets or (iii) the date following the completion of the primary portion of this offering on which, in the aggregate, underwriting compensation from all sources in connection with this offering, including the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee and other underwriting compensation, is equal to 10% of the gross proceeds from our primary offering. In addition, consistent with the exemptive relief from the SEC that permits the Company to offer multiple classes of shares, at the end of the month in which the Intermediary Manager in conjunction with the transfer agent determines that total transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, and shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees paid with respect to the shares held in a shareholder’s account would exceed, in the aggregate, 10% of the gross proceeds from the sale of such shares (or a lower limit as determined by the Intermediary Manager or the applicable selling agent), we will cease paying the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee on the Class S Shares and Class D Shares in such shareholder’s account. Compensation paid with respect to the shares in a shareholder’s account will be allocated among each share such that the compensation paid with respect to each individual share will not exceed 10% of the offering price of such share. We may modify this requirement in a manner that is consistent with applicable exemptive relief. At the end of such month, the Class S Shares or Class D Shares in such shareholder’s account will convert into a number of Class I Shares (including any fractional shares), with an equivalent aggregate NAV as such Class S or Class D Shares. In addition, immediately before any liquidation, dissolution or winding up, each Class S Share and Class D Share will automatically convert into a number of Class I Shares (including any fractional shares) with an equivalent NAV as such share.
Preferred Shares
The offering does not include an offering of preferred shares. However, under the terms of the Declaration of Trust, our Board may authorize us to issue preferred shares in one or more classes or series without shareholder approval, to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. The Board has the power to fix the preferences, conversion and other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption of each class or series of preferred shares. We do not currently anticipate issuing preferred shares in the near future. In the event we issue preferred shares, we will make any required disclosure to shareholders. We will not offer preferred shares to the Manager or our affiliates except on the same terms as offered to all other shareholders.
Preferred shares could be issued with terms that would adversely affect the shareholders, provided that we may not issue any preferred shares that would limit or subordinate the voting rights of holders of our Common Shares. Preferred shares could also be used as an anti-takeover device through the issuance of shares of a class or series of preferred shares with terms and conditions which could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a transaction or a change in control. Every issuance of preferred shares will be required to comply with the requirements of the 1940 Act. The 1940 Act requires, among other things, that: (1) immediately after issuance and before any dividend or other distribution is made with respect to common shares and before any purchase of common shares is made, such preferred shares together with all other senior securities must not exceed an amount equal to 50% of our total assets after deducting the amount of such dividend, distribution or purchase price, as the case may be, and (2) the holders of preferred shares, if any are issued, must be entitled as a class voting separately to elect two Trustees at all times and to elect a majority of the Trustees if distributions on such preferred shares are in arrears by two full years or more. Certain matters under the 1940 Act require the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of preferred shares (as determined in accordance with the 1940 Act) voting together as a separate class. For example, the vote of such holders of preferred shares would be required to approve a proposal involving a plan of reorganization adversely affecting such securities.
The issuance of any preferred shares must be approved by a majority of our Independent Trustees not otherwise interested in the transaction, who will have access, at our expense, to our legal counsel or to independent legal counsel.
Limitation on Liability of Trustees and Officers; Indemnification and Advance of Expenses
Delaware law permits a Delaware statutory trust to include in its declaration of trust a provision to indemnify and hold harmless any trustee or beneficial owner or other person from and against any and all claims and demands whatsoever. Our Declaration of Trust provides that our Trustees will not be liable to us or our shareholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a trustee to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, but subject to any limitation under applicable federal securities law and Washington state securities laws. Our Declaration of Trust provides for the indemnification of any Trustees, officers, employees, control persons and agents of the Company to the full extent permitted, and in the manner provided, by Delaware law. In accordance with the 1940 Act, we will not indemnify certain persons for any liability to which such persons would be subject by reason of such person’s willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office.
Pursuant to our Declaration of Trust and subject to certain exceptions described therein, we will indemnify and, without requiring a preliminary determination of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification, pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to (i) any individual who is a present or former Trustee or officer of the Company and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity or (ii) any individual who, while a Trustee or officer of the Company and at the request of the Company, serves or has served as a trustee, officer, partner or trustee of any corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity (each such person, an “Indemnitee”), in each case to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. Notwithstanding the foregoing, we will not provide indemnification for any loss, liability or expense arising from or out of an alleged violation of federal or state securities laws by an Indemnitee unless (i) there has been a successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged securities law violations, (ii) such claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction, or (iii) a court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of the claims against the Indemnitee and finds that indemnification of the settlement and the related costs should be made and the court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the position of the SEC and of the published position of any state securities regulatory authority in which securities were offered or sold as to indemnification for violations of securities laws.
We will not indemnify an Indemnitee against any liability or loss suffered by such Indemnitee unless (i) the Company determines in good faith that the course of conduct that caused the loss or liability was in the best interest of the Company, (ii) the Indemnitee was acting on behalf of or performing services for the Company, (iii) such liability or loss was not the result of (A) negligence or misconduct, in the case that the party seeking indemnification is a Trustee (other than an Independent Trustee), officer, employee, controlling person or agent of the Company, or (B) gross negligence or willful misconduct, in the case that the party seeking indemnification is an Independent Trustee, and (iv) such indemnification or agreement to hold harmless is recoverable only out of assets of the Company and not from the shareholders.
In addition, the Declaration of Trust permits the Company to advance reasonable expenses to an Indemnitee, and we will do so in advance of final disposition of a proceeding (a) if the proceeding relates to acts or omissions with respect to the performance of duties or services on behalf of the Company, the legal proceeding was initiated by a third party who is not a shareholder or, if by a shareholder of the Company acting in his or her capacity as such, a court of competent jurisdiction approves such advancement and (c) upon the Company’s receipt of (i) a written affirmation by the trustee or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by the Company and (ii) a written undertaking by him or her or on his or her behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the Company, together with the applicable legal rate of interest thereon, if it is ultimately determined that the standard of conduct was not met.
Delaware Law and Certain Declaration of Trust Provisions Organization and Duration
We were formed in Delaware on March 21, 2022, and will remain in existence until dissolved in accordance with our Declaration of Trust or pursuant to Delaware law.
Purpose
Under the Declaration of Trust, we are permitted to engage in any business activity that lawfully may be conducted by a statutory trust organized under Delaware law and, in connection therewith, to exercise all of the rights and powers conferred by the laws of the State of Delaware upon a Delaware statutory trust.
Our Declaration of Trust contains provisions that could make it more difficult for a potential acquirer to acquire us by means of a tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise. Our Board may, without shareholder action, authorize the issuance of shares in one or more classes or series, including preferred shares and our Declaration of Trust provides that our Board is divided into three classes of Trustees serving staggered terms of three years each. These provisions are expected to discourage certain coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids and to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to negotiate first with our Board. We believe that the benefits of these provisions outweigh the potential disadvantages of discouraging any such acquisition proposals because, among other things, the negotiation of such proposals may improve their terms.
Sales and Leases to the Company
Our Declaration of Trust provides that, unless otherwise permitted by the 1940 Act or applicable guidance or exemptive relief of the SEC, we or the Independent Trustees may not purchase or lease assets in which the Manager or any of its affiliates have an interest unless all of the following conditions are met: (a) the transaction occurs at the formation of the Company and the transaction is fully disclosed to the shareholders either in a prospectus or periodic report filed with the SEC or otherwise; and (b) the assets are sold or leased upon terms that are reasonable to us and at a price not to exceed the lesser of cost or fair market value as determined by an independent expert. However, the Manager may purchase assets in its own name (and assume loans in connection) and temporarily hold title, for the purposes of facilitating the acquisition of the assets, the borrowing of money, obtaining financing for us, or the completion of construction of the assets, so long as all of the following conditions are met: (i) the assets are purchased by us at a price no greater than the cost of the assets to the Manager; (ii) all income generated by, and the expenses associated with, the assets so acquired will be treated as belonging to us; and (iii) there are no other benefits arising out of such transaction to the Manager apart from compensation otherwise permitted by the omnibus guidelines, as adopted by the North American Securities Administrators Association.
Sales and Leases to our Manager, Trustees or Affiliates
Our Declaration of Trust provides that, unless otherwise permitted by the 1940 Act or applicable guidance or exemptive relief of the SEC, we may not sell assets to the Manager or any of its affiliates unless such sale is approved by the holders of a majority of our outstanding Common Shares. Our Declaration of Trust also provides that we may not lease assets to the Trustees, the Manager or any affiliate thereof unless all of the following conditions are met: (a) the transaction occurs at the formation of the Company and is fully disclosed to the shareholders either in a prospectus or periodic report filed with the SEC or otherwise; and (b) the terms of the transaction are fair and reasonable to us.
Loans
Our Declaration of Trust provides that, except for the advancement of indemnification funds, no loans, credit facilities, credit agreements or otherwise may be made by us to the Manager or any of its affiliates.
Commissions on Financing, Refinancing or Reinvestment
Our Declaration of Trust provides that, unless otherwise permitted by the 1940 Act or applicable guidance or exemptive relief of the SEC, we generally may not pay, directly or indirectly, a commission or fee to the Manager or any of its affiliates in connection with the reinvestment of cash available for distribution, available reserves, or the proceeds of the resale, exchange or refinancing of assets.
Lending Practices
Our Declaration of Trust provides that, with respect to financing made available to us by the Manager, the Manager may not receive interest in excess of the lesser of the Manager’s cost of funds or the amounts that would be charged by unrelated lending institutions on comparable loans for the same purpose. The Manager may not impose a prepayment charge or penalty in connection with such financing and the Manager may not receive points or other financing charges. In addition, the Manager will be prohibited from providing financing to us with a term in excess of 12 months.
Number of Trustees; Vacancies; Removal
Our Declaration of Trust provides that the number of Trustees will be set by our Board in accordance with our bylaws. Our bylaws provide that a majority of our entire Board may at any time increase or decrease the number of Trustees. Our Declaration of Trust provides that the number of Trustees generally may not be less than three. Except as otherwise required by applicable requirements of the 1940 Act and as may be provided by our Board in setting the terms of any class or series of preferred shares, pursuant to an election under our Declaration of Trust, any and all vacancies on our Board may be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining Trustees in office, even if the remaining Trustees do not constitute a quorum, and any Trustee elected to fill a vacancy will serve for the remainder of the full term of the Trustee for whom the vacancy occurred and until a successor is elected and qualified, subject to any applicable requirements of the 1940 Act; provided, however, that any such Trustee will be proposed for election by shareholders at the next annual meeting of shareholders. Independent Trustees will nominate replacements for any vacancies among the Independent Trustees’ positions.
Our Declaration of Trust provides that a Trustee may be removed (provided the aggregate number of Trustees after such removal shall not be less than the minimum number required by the Declaration of Trust) for cause by a majority of the remaining Trustees (or in the case of the removal of a Trustee that is not an interested person, a majority of the remaining Trustees that are not interested persons) or, with or without cause, upon a vote by the holders of more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding shares of the Company entitled to vote.
We have a total of four members of our Board, three of whom are Independent Trustees. Our Declaration of Trust provides that a majority of our Board must be Independent Trustees except for a period of up to 60 days after the death, removal or resignation of an Independent Trustee pending the election of his or her successor. Each Trustee will hold office until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified. Our Board is divided into three classes of Trustees serving staggered terms of three years each.
Action by Shareholders
Our bylaws provide that shareholder action can be taken at an annual meeting or a special meeting of shareholders or by unanimous consent in lieu of a meeting. The shareholders will only have voting rights as required by the 1940 Act or as otherwise provided for in the Declaration of Trust. The Company will hold annual meetings. Special meetings may be called by the Trustees and certain of our officers, and will be limited to the purposes for any such special meeting set forth in the notice thereof. In addition, our organizational documents provide that, subject to the satisfaction of certain procedural and informational requirements by the shareholders requesting the meeting, a special meeting of shareholders will be called by our secretary upon the written request of shareholders entitled to cast 10% or more of the votes entitled to be cast at the meeting. The secretary shall provide all shareholders, within ten days after receipt of said request, written notice either in person or by mail of the date, time and location of such requested special meeting and the purpose of the meeting. Any special meeting called by such shareholders is required to be held not less than fifteen nor more than 60 days after notice is provided to shareholders of the special meeting. These provisions will have the effect of significantly reducing the ability of shareholders being able to have proposals considered at a meeting of shareholders.
With respect to special meetings of shareholders, only the business specified in our notice of the meeting may be brought before the meeting. Nominations of persons for election to the Board at a special meeting may be made only (1) pursuant to our notice of the meeting, (2) by the Board or (3) provided that the Board has determined that Trustees will be elected at the meeting, by a shareholder who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has complied with the advance notice provisions of the Declaration of Trust.
Our Declaration of Trust also provides that, subject to the provisions of any class or series of shares then outstanding and the mandatory provisions of any applicable laws or regulations or other provisions of the Declaration of Trust, the following actions may be taken by the shareholders, without concurrence by our Board or the Manager, upon a vote by the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares entitled to vote to:
·modify the Declaration of Trust;
·remove the Manager or appoint a new investment adviser;
·dissolve the Company; or
·sell all or substantially all of our assets other than in the ordinary course of business or as otherwise permitted by law.
The purpose of requiring shareholders to give us advance notice of nominations and other business is to afford our Board a meaningful opportunity to consider the qualifications of the proposed nominees and the advisability of any other proposed business and, to the extent deemed necessary or desirable by our Board, to inform shareholders and make recommendations about such qualifications or business, as well as to provide a more orderly procedure for conducting meetings of shareholders. Although our Declaration of Trust does not give our Board any power to disapprove shareholder nominations for the election of Trustees or proposals recommending certain action, they may have the effect of precluding a contest for the election of Trustees or the consideration of shareholder proposals if proper procedures are not followed and of discouraging or deterring a third party from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect its own slate of trustees or to approve its own proposal without regard to whether consideration of such nominees or proposals might be harmful or beneficial to us and our shareholders.
Our Manager may not, without the approval of a vote by the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on such matters:
·amend the Declaration of Trust except for amendments that would not adversely affect the rights of our shareholders;
·voluntarily withdraw as our investment adviser unless such withdrawal would not affect our tax status and would not materially adversely affect our shareholders;
·appoint a new investment adviser (other than a sub-adviser pursuant to the terms of the Advisory Agreement and applicable law);
·cause the merger or other reorganization of the Company; or
·sell all or substantially all of our assets other than in the ordinary course of business or as otherwise permitted by law; or cause the merger or similar reorganization of the Company.
Amendment of the Declaration of Trust and Bylaws
Our Declaration of Trust provides that shareholders are entitled to vote upon a proposed amendment to the Declaration of Trust if the amendment would alter or change the powers, preferences or special rights of the shares held by such shareholders so as to affect them adversely. Approval of any such amendment requires at least a majority of the votes cast by such shareholders at a meeting of shareholders duly called and at which a quorum is present.
Our Declaration of Trust provides that our Board has the exclusive power to adopt, alter or repeal any provision of our bylaws and to make new bylaws; provided, however, that if any amendment to the bylaws adversely affects the voting rights of shareholders, such amendment must be approved by a majority of the outstanding shares of the Company entitled to vote on the matter, which means the lesser of (1) 67% or more of the voting securities present at a meeting if more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities are present or represented by proxy, or (2) more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities. Except as described above and for certain provisions of our
Declaration of Trust relating to shareholder voting and the removal of trustees, our Declaration of Trust provides that our Board may amend our Declaration of Trust without any vote of our shareholders.
Actions by the Board Related to Merger, Conversion, Reorganization or Dissolution
The Board may not approve a merger, conversion, consolidation or other reorganization of the Company. The Company will not permit the Manager to cause any other form of merger or other reorganization of the Company without the affirmative vote by the holders of more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding shares of the Company entitled to vote on the matter.
Derivative Actions
No person, other than a Trustee, who is not a shareholder shall be entitled to bring any derivative action, suit or other proceeding on behalf of the Company. In addition to the requirements set forth in Section 3816 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Statute, a shareholder may bring a derivative action on behalf of the Company only if the following conditions are met: (i) the shareholder or shareholders must make a pre-suit demand upon the Board to bring the subject action unless an effort to cause the Board to bring such an action is not likely to succeed; and a demand on the Board shall only be deemed not likely to succeed and therefore excused if a majority of the Board, or a majority of any committee established to consider the merits of such action, is composed of Board who are not “Independent Trustees” (as that term is defined in the Delaware Statutory Trust Statute); and (ii) unless a demand is not required under clause (i) above, the Board must be afforded a reasonable amount of time to consider such shareholder request and to investigate the basis of such claim; and the Board shall be entitled to retain counsel or other advisors in considering the merits of the request and may require an undertaking by the shareholders making such request to reimburse the Company for the expense of any such advisors in the event that the Board determine not to bring such action. For purposes of this paragraph, the Board may designate a committee of one or more Trustees to consider a shareholder demand. This paragraph does not apply to claims asserted under state securities laws.
Restrictions on Roll-Up Transactions
In connection with a proposed “roll-up transaction,” which, in general terms, is any transaction involving the acquisition, merger, conversion or consolidation, directly or indirectly, of us and the issuance of securities of an entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of the roll-up transaction, we will obtain an appraisal of all of our properties from an independent expert. In order to qualify as an independent expert for this purpose, the person or entity must have no material current or prior business or personal relationship with us and must be engaged to a substantial extent in the business of rendering opinions regarding the value of assets of the type held by us, who is qualified to perform such work. Our assets will be appraised on a consistent basis, and the appraisal will be based on the evaluation of all relevant information and will indicate the value of our assets as of a date immediately prior to the announcement of the proposed roll-up transaction. The appraisal will assume an orderly liquidation of our assets over a 12-month period. The terms of the engagement of such independent expert will clearly state that the engagement is for our benefit and the benefit of our shareholders. We will include a summary of the appraisal, indicating all material assumptions underlying the appraisal, in a report to the shareholders in connection with the proposed roll-up transaction. If the appraisal will be included in a prospectus used to offer the securities of the roll-up entity, the appraisal will be filed with the SEC and the states as an exhibit to the registration statement for the offering.
In connection with a proposed roll-up transaction, the person sponsoring the roll-up transaction must offer to the shareholders who vote against the proposal a choice of:
·accepting the securities of the entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of the roll-up transaction offered in the proposed roll-up transaction; or
·one of the following:
·remaining as shareholders and preserving their interests in us on the same terms and conditions as existed previously; or
·receiving cash in an amount equal to their pro rata share of the appraised value of our net assets.
We are prohibited from participating in any proposed roll-up transaction:
·which would result in shareholders having voting rights in the entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of the roll-up transaction that are less than those provided in the charter, including rights with respect to the election and removal of directors, annual and special meetings, amendments to the charter and our dissolution;
·which includes provisions that would operate as a material impediment to, or frustration of, the accumulation of Common Shares by any purchaser of the securities of the entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of the roll-up transaction, except to the minimum extent necessary to preserve the tax status of such entity, or which would limit the ability of an investor to exercise the voting rights of its securities of the entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of the roll-up transaction on the basis of the number of shares held by that investor;
·in which shareholders’ rights to access to records of the entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of the roll-up transaction will be less than those provided in the charter; or
·in which we would bear any of the costs of the roll-up transaction if the shareholders reject the roll-up transaction.
Access to Records
Any shareholder with a proper purpose will be permitted access to all of our records to which they are entitled under applicable law at all reasonable times and may inspect and copy any of them for a reasonable copying charge. Inspection of our records by the office or agency administering the securities laws of a jurisdiction will be provided upon reasonable notice and during normal business hours. An alphabetical list of the names, addresses and business telephone numbers of our shareholders, along with the number of Common Shares held by each of them, will be maintained as part of our books and records and will be available for inspection by any shareholder or the shareholder’s designated agent at our office. The shareholder list will be updated at least quarterly to reflect changes in the information contained therein. A copy of the list will be mailed to any shareholder who requests the list within ten days of the request. A shareholder may request a copy of the shareholder list for any proper and legitimate purpose, including, without limitation, in connection with matters relating to voting rights and the exercise of shareholder rights under federal proxy laws. A shareholder requesting a list will be required to pay reasonable costs of postage and duplication. Such copy of the shareholder list shall be printed in alphabetical order, on white paper, and in readily readable type size (no smaller than 10 point font).
A shareholder may also request access to any other corporate records. If a proper request for the shareholder list or any other corporate records is not honored, then the requesting shareholder will be entitled to recover certain costs incurred in compelling the production of the list or other requested corporate records as well as actual damages suffered by reason of the refusal or failure to produce the list. However, a shareholder will not have the right to, and we may require a requesting shareholder to represent that it will not, secure the shareholder list or other information for the purpose of selling or using the list for a commercial purpose not related to the requesting shareholder’s interest in our affairs. We may also require that such shareholder sign a confidentiality agreement in connection with the request.
Reports to Shareholders
Within 60 days after each fiscal quarter, we will distribute our quarterly report on Form 10-Q to all shareholders of record. In addition, we will distribute our annual report on Form 10-K to all shareholders within 120 days after the end of each calendar year, which must contain, among other things, a breakdown of the expenses reimbursed by us to the Manager. These reports will also be available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
Subject to availability, you may authorize us to provide prospectuses, prospectus supplements, annual reports and other information, or documents, electronically by so indicating on your subscription agreement, or by sending us instructions in writing in a form acceptable to us to receive such documents electronically. Unless you elect in writing to receive documents electronically, all documents will be provided in paper form by mail. You must have internet access to use electronic delivery. While we impose no additional charge for this service, there may be potential costs associated with electronic delivery, such as on-line charges. Documents will be available on our website. You may access and print all documents provided through this service. As documents become available, we will notify you of this by sending you an e-mail message that will include instructions on how to retrieve the document. If our e-mail notification is returned to us as “undeliverable,” we will contact you to obtain your updated e-mail address. If we are unable to obtain a valid e-mail address for you, we will resume sending a paper copy by regular U.S. mail to your address of record. You may revoke your consent for electronic delivery at any time and we will resume sending you a paper copy of all required documents. However, in order for us to be properly notified, your revocation must be given to us a reasonable time before electronic delivery has commenced. We will provide you with paper copies at any time upon request. Such request will not constitute revocation of your consent to receive required documents electronically.
Conflict with the 1940 Act
Our Declaration of Trust provide that, if and to the extent that any provision of Delaware law, or any provision of our Declaration of Trust conflicts with any provision of the 1940 Act, the applicable provision of the 1940 Act will control.
Exhibit 10.2
PGIM PRIVATE CREDIT FUND
AMENDED AND RESTATED MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT
Amended and Restated Agreement made the [ ] day of [ ], [ ] between PGIM Private Credit Fund (the “Fund”), a Delaware statutory trust, and PGIM Investments LLC, a New York limited liability company (the “Manager”).
W I T N E S S E T H
WHEREAS, the Fund is a closed-end management investment company that has elected to be regulated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”); and
WHEREAS, the Fund desires to retain the Manager to render or contract to obtain as hereinafter provided investment advisory services to the Fund and the Fund also desires to avail itself of the facilities available to the Manager with respect to the administration of its day-to-day business affairs, and the Manager is willing to render such investment advisory and administrative services;
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows:
1. The Fund hereby appoints the Manager to act as manager of the Fund and as administrator of its business affairs for the period and on the terms set forth in this Agreement. The Manager accepts such appointment and agrees to render the services herein described, for the compensation herein provided. Subject to the approval of the Board of Trustees of the Fund (the “Board”) and the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Manager is authorized to enter into a subadvisory agreement with PGIM, Inc., or one or more other subadvisers, whether or not affiliated with the Manager (each, a “Subadviser”), pursuant to which such Subadviser shall furnish to the Fund the investment advisory services in connection with the management of the Fund (each, a “Subadvisory Agreement”). Subject to the approval of the Board and the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Manager is authorized to retain more than one Subadviser for the Fund, and if the Fund has more than one Subadviser, the Manager is authorized to allocate the Fund’s assets among the Subadvisers. The Manager will continue to have responsibility for all investment advisory services furnished pursuant to any Subadvisory Agreement.
2. Subject to the supervision of the Board, the Manager shall administer the Fund’s business affairs and, in connection therewith, shall furnish the Fund with office facilities and with clerical, bookkeeping and recordkeeping services at such office facilities and, subject to Section 1 hereof and any Subadvisory Agreement, the Manager shall manage the investment operations of the Fund and the composition of the Fund’s portfolio, including the purchase, retention and disposition thereof, in accordance with the Fund’s investment objectives, policies and restrictions as stated in the Fund’s registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), and subject to the following understandings:
(a) The Manager (or a Subadviser under the Manager’s supervision) shall provide supervision of the Fund’s investments, and shall determine from time to time what investments or securities will be purchased, retained, sold or loaned by the Fund, and what portion of the assets will be invested or held uninvested as cash. In the event that the Fund determines to acquire debt financing, the Manager will arrange for such financing on the Fund’s behalf. If it is necessary or appropriate for the Manager to make investments on behalf of the Fund through a special purpose vehicle, the Manager shall have authority to create or arrange for the creation of such special purpose vehicle and to make such investments through such special purpose vehicle (in accordance with the 1940 Act).
(b) The Manager, in the performance of its duties and obligations under this Agreement, shall act in conformity with the Declaration of Trust of the Fund and the Fund’s SEC registration statement and with the instructions and directions of the Board, and will conform to and comply with the requirements of the 1940 Act and all other applicable federal and state laws and regulations. In connection therewith, the Manager shall, among other things, prepare and file (or cause to be prepared and filed) such reports as are, or may in the future be, required by the SEC.
(c) The Manager (or the Subadviser under the Manager’s supervision) shall determine the securities and other financial instruments to be purchased or sold by the Fund and will place orders pursuant to its determinations with or through such persons, brokers or dealers (including but not limited to any brokers or dealers affiliated with the Manager (or the Subadviser under the Manager’s supervision)) in conformity with the policy with respect to brokerage as set forth in the Fund’s registration statement or as the Board may direct from time to time. In providing the Fund with investment supervision, it is recognized that the Manager (or the Subadviser under the Manager’s supervision) will give primary consideration to securing the most favorable price and efficient execution. Consistent with this policy, the Manager (or Subadviser under the Manager’s supervision) may consider the financial responsibility, research and investment information and other services provided by brokers, dealers or futures commission merchants who may effect or be a party to any such transaction or other transactions to which other clients of the Manager (or Subadviser) may be a party, the size and difficulty in executing an order, and the value of the expected contribution of the broker-dealer to the investment performance of the Fund on a continuing basis. The Manager (or Subadviser) to the Fund each shall have discretion to effect investment transactions for the Fund through broker-dealers (including, to the extent legally permissible, broker-dealers affiliated with the Subadviser(s)) qualified to obtain best execution of such transactions who provide brokerage and/or research services, as such services are defined in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), and to cause the Fund to pay any such broker-dealers an amount of commission for effecting a portfolio transaction in excess of the amount of commission another broker-dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction, if the brokerage or research services provided by such broker-dealer, viewed in light of either that particular investment transaction or the overall responsibilities of the Manager (or the Subadviser) with respect to the Fund and other accounts as to which they or it may exercise investment discretion (as such term is defined in Section 3(a)(35) of the 1934 Act), are reasonable in relation to the amount of commission.
On occasions when the Manager (or a Subadviser under the Manager’s supervision) deems the purchase or sale of a security or other financial instruments to be in the best interest of the Fund as well as other clients of the Manager (or the Subadviser), the Manager (or Subadviser), to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations, may, but shall be under no obligation to, aggregate the securities or other financial instruments to be so sold or purchased in order to obtain the most favorable price or lower brokerage commissions and efficient execution. In such event, allocation of the securities or other financial instruments so purchased or sold, as well as the expenses incurred in the transaction, will be made by the Manager (or the Subadviser) in the manner it considers to be the most equitable and consistent with its fiduciary obligations to the Fund and to such other clients.
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(d) The Manager (or the Subadviser under the Manager’s supervision) shall maintain all books and records with respect to the Fund’s portfolio transactions and shall render to the Fund’s Board of Trustees such periodic and special reports as the Board may reasonably request.
(e) The Manager (or the Subadviser under the Manager’s supervision) shall be responsible for the financial and accounting records to be maintained by the Fund.
(f) The Manager (or the Subadviser under the Manager’s supervision) shall provide the Fund’s Custodian on each business day information relating to all transactions concerning the Fund’s assets.
(g) The investment management services of the Manager to the Fund under this Agreement are not to be deemed exclusive, and the Manager shall be free to render similar services to others.
(h) The Manager shall make reasonably available its employees and officers for consultation with any of the Trustees or officers or employees of the Fund with respect to any matter discussed herein, including, without limitation, the valuation of the Fund’s securities or other financial instruments.
(i) The Manager shall, upon request by an official or agency administering the securities laws of a state (a “State Administrator”), submit to such State Administrator the reports and statements required to be distributed to the Fund’s shareholders pursuant to this Agreement, any registration statement filed with the SEC and applicable federal and state law.
(j) The Manager has a fiduciary responsibility and duty to the Fund for the safekeeping and use of all the funds and assets of the Fund, whether or not in the Manager’s immediate possession or control. The Manager shall not employ, or permit another to employ, such funds or assets except for the exclusive benefit of the Fund. The Manager shall not contract away any fiduciary obligation owed by the Manager to the Fund’s shareholders under common law.
3. The Fund has delivered, or will deliver, to the Manager copies of each of the following documents and will deliver to it all future amendments and supplements, if any:
(a) Declaration of Trust, as amended or supplemented from time to time;
(b) Bylaws of the Fund (such Bylaws, as in effect on the date hereof and as amended from time to time, are herein called the “Bylaws”);
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(c) Certified resolutions of the Board authorizing the appointment of the Manager and approving the form of this agreement;
(d) Election to be regulated as a business development company on Form N-54A, as filed with the SEC relating to the Fund;
(e) Registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, on Form N-2 (the “Registration Statement”), as filed with the SEC relating to the Fund and its shares of beneficial interest, and all amendments thereto; and
(f) Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information of the Fund.
4. The Manager shall authorize and permit any of its officers and employees who may be elected as Trustees or officers of the Fund to serve in the capacities in which they are elected. All services to be furnished by the Manager under this Agreement may be furnished through the medium of any such officers or employees of the Manager.
5. The Manager shall keep the Fund’s books and records required to be maintained by it pursuant to Paragraph 2 hereof. The Manager agrees that all records that it maintains for the Fund are the property of the Fund, and it will surrender promptly to the Fund any such records upon the Fund’s request, provided however that the Manager may retain a copy of such records. The Manager further agrees to preserve for the periods prescribed by Rule 31a-2 under the 1940 Act any such records as are required to be maintained by the Manager pursuant to Paragraph 2 hereof.
6. During the term of this Agreement, the Manager shall pay the following expenses:
(i) the salaries and expenses of all employees of the Fund and the Manager, except the fees and expenses of Trustees who are not “affiliated persons” of the Manager or any Subadviser within the meaning of the 1940 Act;
(ii) all expenses incurred by the Manager in connection with managing the ordinary course of the Fund’s business, other than those assumed by the Fund herein; and
(iii) rent or depreciation, utilities, capital equipment or other administrative items of the Manager or its affiliates.
All other costs and expenses not expressly assumed by the Manager under this Agreement shall be paid by the Fund, including, but not limited to, the following:
(a) the fees and expenses incurred by the Fund in connection with the management of the investment and reinvestment of the Fund’s assets, including but not limited to, (a) investment advisory fees, including management fees and incentive fees, to the Manager pursuant to this Agreement; (b) all investment costs, excluding internal costs of the Adviser for providing investment advisory services, and any fees, costs and expenses related to (i) the organization, operation, administration, restructuring or termination, liquidation, winding up and dissolution of any entities through which the Fund makes investments, and (ii) outside counsel, accountants, auditors, consultants, and other similar outside advisors and service providers incurred in connection with designing, implementing and monitoring participation by portfolio investments in compliance and operational “best practices” programs and initiatives; and (c) all fees, costs and expenses, if any, incurred by or on behalf of the Fund in negotiating and structuring prospective or potential investments that are not ultimately made, including without limitation any fees and expenses of any legal, financial, accounting, consulting, or other advisors, or lenders, investment banks, and other financing sources in connection with arranging financing for transactions that are not consummated, any travel and accommodation expenses, and any deposits or down payments that are forfeited in connection with, or amounts paid as a penalty for, unconsummated transactions;
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(b) the fees and expenses of Trustees who are not “affiliated persons” of the Manager or Subadviser within the meaning of the 1940 Act;
(c) the fees and expenses of the Custodian that relate to (i) the custodial function and the recordkeeping connected therewith, (ii) preparing and maintaining the general accounting records of the Fund and the provision of any such records to the Manager useful to the Manager in connection with the Manager’s responsibility for the accounting records of the Fund pursuant to Section 31 of the 1940 Act and the rules promulgated thereunder, (iii) the pricing or valuation of the shares of the Fund, including the cost of any pricing or valuation service or services which may be retained pursuant to the authorization of the Board, and (iv) for both mail and wire orders, the cashiering function in connection with the issuance and redemption of the Fund’s securities;
(d) the fees and expenses of any other service provider to the Fund, including, but not limited to, the Fund’s Transfer Agent, Fund Accountant and Administrator, Distributor and Valuation Agents;
(e) the charges and expenses of legal counsel, independent accountants appraisers, valuation experts, property or asset managers, leasing agents, construction managers, consultants, and other similar outside advisors and service providers with respect to the Fund and its investments (including the cost of the valuation, or any fairness opinion relating to, any asset or liability or other transaction of the Fund) for the Fund;
(f) brokers’ commissions and any issue or transfer taxes chargeable to the Fund in connection with its securities and other financial instruments;
(g) all taxes and corporate fees payable by the Fund to federal, state or other governmental agencies;
(h) the fees of any trade associations of which the Fund may be a member;
(i) the cost of share certificates representing, and/or non-negotiable share deposit receipts evidencing, shares of the Fund;
(j) the cost of fidelity, directors’ and officers’ and errors and omissions insurance;
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(k) the fees and expenses involved in maintaining registration of the Fund and of its shares with the SEC, and paying notice filing fees under state securities laws, including the preparation and printing of the Fund’s Registration Statement and the Fund’s prospectuses for filing under federal and state securities laws for such purposes;
(l) allocable communications expenses with respect to investor services and all expenses of shareholders’ and Trustees’ meetings and of preparing, printing and mailing reports, notices to shareholders and proxy statements in the amount necessary for distribution to the shareholders;
(m) litigation and indemnification expenses and other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the Fund’s business;
(n) federal and state registration fees, franchise fees, any stock exchange listing fees and fees payable to rating agencies;
(o) interest payable on debt and dividends and distributions on preferred stock, as applicable, if any, incurred to finance the Fund’s investments;
(p) the cost of equipment and certain systems (including, but not limited to application licensing, development and maintenance, data licensing and reporting);
(q) the cost incurred to implement and monitor ISDA and other agreements governing the Fund’s financing or borrowing facilities;
(r) the cost of calculating the Fund’s net asset value, including the fees, costs and expenses associated with any third-party appraiser or other valuation expert;
(s) expenses related to the engagement of any third-party professionals, consultants, experts or specialists hired to perform work in respect of the Fund, including, but not limited to, loan servicers and other service providers and of any custodians, lenders, investment banks and other financing sources;
(t) costs incurred in connection with the formation or maintenance of entities or vehicles to hold the Fund’s assets for tax or other purposes;
(u) fees and expenses associated with marketing efforts;
(v) all other expenses incurred by the Fund in connection with administering the Fund’s business, including the allocated costs incurred by the Manager and the administrator in providing managerial assistance to those portfolio companies that request it; and
(w) such non-recurring or extraordinary expenses as may arise.
7. For the services provided and the expenses assumed pursuant to this Agreement, the Fund will pay to the Manager a base management fee (the “Management Fee”) and an incentive fee (the “Incentive Fee”) as hereinafter set forth.
(a) Management Fee. The Management Fee is payable monthly in arrears at an annual rate of 1.25% of the value of the Fund’s net assets as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the applicable month. For the first calendar month, net assets will be measured as the date that the Fund first publicly sells shares to a person or entity other than the Manager or its affiliates.
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(b) Incentive Fee. The incentive fee will consist of two components that are independent of each other, with the result that one component may be payable even if the other is not. A portion of the incentive fee is based on a percentage of the Fund’s income and a portion is based on a percentage of the Fund’s realized capital gains.
(i) Incentive Fee on Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income. The portion based on the Fund’s income is based on Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns. “Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns” means, as the context requires, either the dollar value of, or percentage rate of return on the value of the Fund’s net assets at the end of the immediate preceding quarter from, interest income, dividend income and any other income (including any other fees (other than fees for providing managerial assistance), such as commitment, origination, structuring, diligence and consulting fees or other fees that the Fund receives from portfolio companies) accrued during the calendar quarter, minus the Fund’s operating expenses accrued for the quarter (including the management fee, expenses payable under the Administration Agreement, and any interest expense or fees on any credit facilities or outstanding debt and dividends paid on any issued and outstanding preferred shares, but excluding the incentive fee and any shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees).
Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns include, in the case of investments with a deferred interest feature (such as original issue discount, debt instruments with pay-in-kind interest and zero coupon securities), accrued income that the Fund has not yet received in cash. Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns do not include any realized capital gains, realized capital losses or unrealized capital appreciation or depreciation.
Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns, expressed as a rate of return on the value of the Fund’s net assets at the end of the immediate preceding quarter, is compared to a “hurdle rate” of return of 1.25% per quarter (5.0% annualized).
The Fund will pay the Manager an incentive fee quarterly in arrears with respect to the Fund’s Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns in each calendar quarter as follows:
| ● | no incentive fee based on Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns in any calendar quarter in which the Fund’s Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns do not exceed the hurdle rate of 1.25% per quarter (5.0% annualized); |
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| ● | 100% of the dollar amount of the Fund’s Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns with respect to that portion of such Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns, if any, that exceeds the hurdle rate but is less than a rate of return of 1.43% (5.72% annualized). This is referred to as Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns (which exceeds the hurdle rate but is less than 1.43%) as the “catch-up”; and |
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| ● | 12.5% of the dollar amount of the Fund’s Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns, if any, that exceed a rate of return of 1.43% (5.72% annualized). |
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(ii) Incentive Fee Based on Capital Gains. The second component of the incentive fee, the capital gains incentive fee, is payable at the end of each calendar year in arrears.
The amount payable equals:
| ● | 12.5% of cumulative realized capital gains from inception through the end of such calendar year, computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation on a cumulative basis, less the aggregate amount of any previously paid incentive fee on capital gains as calculated in accordance with GAAP. |
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Each year, the fee paid for the capital gains incentive fee is net of the aggregate amount of any previously paid capital gains incentive fee for all prior periods. The Fund will accrue, but will not pay, a capital gains incentive fee with respect to unrealized appreciation because a capital gains incentive fee would be owed to the Manager if the Fund were to sell the relevant investment and realize a capital gain. In no event will the capital gains incentive fee payable pursuant to this Agreement be in excess of the amount permitted by the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, including Section 205 thereof.
The fees that are payable under this Agreement for any partial period will be appropriately prorated.
8. The Manager shall not be liable for any error of judgment or for any loss suffered by the Fund in connection with the matters to which this Agreement relates, except a loss resulting from a breach of fiduciary duty with respect to the receipt of compensation for services (in which case any award of damages shall be limited to the period and the amount set forth in Section 36(b)(3) of the 1940 Act) or loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence on its part in the performance of its duties or from reckless disregard by it of its obligations and duties under this Agreement.
The Fund shall indemnify the Manager and hold it harmless from and against all damages, liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and amounts reasonably paid in settlements) incurred by the Manager in or by reason of any pending, threatened or completed action, suit, investigation or other proceeding (including an action or suit by or in the right of the Fund or its security holders) arising out of or otherwise based upon any action actually or allegedly taken or omitted to be taken by the Manager in connection with the performance of any of its duties or obligations under this Agreement; provided, however, that nothing contained herein shall protect or be deemed to protect the Manager against or entitle or be deemed to entitle the Manager to indemnification in respect of any liability to the Fund or its security holders to which the Manager would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence in the performance of its duties, or by reason of its reckless disregard of their duties and obligations under this Agreement.
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9. This Agreement shall become effective as of the date hereof and, unless sooner terminated with regard to the Fund as set forth below, shall continue in effect for a period of two years. Thereafter, if not terminated, this Agreement shall continue in effect for successive periods of 12 months only so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually in conformity with the requirements of the 1940 Act; provided, however, that this Agreement may be terminated with respect to the Fund at any time, without the payment of any penalty, by the Board of the Fund or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund upon 60 days written notice to the Manager, or by the Manager at any time provided such termination would not affect the tax status of the Company and would not materially adversely affect the shareholders, without the payment of any penalty, on not less than 120 days’ written notice to the Fund and the Fund’s shareholders. This Agreement shall terminate automatically in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act).
10. Nothing in this Agreement shall limit or restrict the right of any officer or employee of the Manager who may also be a Trustee, officer or employee of the Fund to engage in any other business or to devote his or her time and attention in part to the management or other aspects of any business, whether of a similar or dissimilar nature, nor limit or restrict the right of the Manager to engage in any other business or to render services of any kind to any other corporation, firm, individual or association.
11. Except as otherwise provided herein or authorized by the Board from time to time, the Manager shall for all purposes herein be deemed to be an independent contractor, and shall have no authority to act for or represent the Fund in any way or otherwise be deemed an agent of the Fund.
12. During the term of this Agreement, the Fund agrees to furnish the Manager at its principal office all prospectuses, proxy statements, reports to shareholders, sales literature, or other material prepared for distribution to shareholders of the Fund or the public, which refer in any way to the Manager, prior to use thereof and not to use such material if the Manager reasonably objects in writing within five business days (or such other time as may be mutually agreed) after receipt thereof. In the event of termination of this Agreement, the Fund will continue to furnish to the Manager copies of any of the above-mentioned materials which refer in any way to the Manager. Sales literature may be furnished to the Manager hereunder by first-class or overnight mail, facsimile transmission equipment, electronic delivery or hand delivery. The Fund shall furnish or otherwise make available to the Manager such other information relating to the business affairs of the Fund as the Manager at any time, or from time to time, reasonably requests in order to discharge its obligations hereunder.
13. This Agreement may be amended by mutual consent, but the consent of the Fund must be obtained in conformity with the requirements of the 1940 Act.
14. Any notice or other communication required to be given pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed duly given if delivered or mailed by registered mail, postage prepaid, (1) to the Manager at 655 Broad Street, 17^th^ Floor, Newark, NJ 07102-4410, Attention: Secretary; or (2) to the Fund at 655 Broad Street, 17^th^ Floor, Newark, NJ 07102-4077, Attention: President.
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15. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.
16. The Fund may use the name “PGIM Private Credit Fund” or any name including the words “PGIM,” “Prudential” or “PGIM Investments” only for so long as this Agreement or any extension, renewal or amendment hereof remains in effect, including any similar agreement with any organization which shall have succeeded to the Manager’s business as Manager or any extension, renewal or amendment thereof remain in effect.
At such time as such an agreement shall no longer be in effect, the Fund will (to the extent that it lawfully can) cease to use such a name or any other name indicating that it is advised by, managed by or otherwise connected with the Manager, or any organization which shall have so succeeded to such businesses. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the Fund use the name “PGIM Private Credit Fund” or any name including the words “PGIM,” “Prudential,” or “PGIM Investments” if the Manager’s obligation under this agreement are transferred or assigned to a company of which Prudential Financial, Inc. and/or The Prudential Insurance Company of America does not have control.
17. A copy of the Declaration of Trust is on file with the Secretary of State of Delaware.
18. Any question of interpretation of any term or provision of this Agreement having a counterpart in or otherwise derived from a term or provision of the 1940 Act, shall be resolved by reference to such term or provision of the 1940 Act and to interpretations thereof, if any, by the United States courts or, in the absence of any controlling decision of any such court, by rules or regulations adopted under the 1940 Act, orders, or other published guidance of the SEC or its staff issued pursuant to the 1940 Act. In addition, where the effect of a requirement of the 1940 Act, reflected in any provision of this Agreement, is related by rules, regulation, order, or other published guidance of the SEC or its staff, such provision shall be deemed to incorporate the effect of such rule, regulation, order, or other published guidance.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this instrument to be executed by their officers designated below as of the day and year above written.
| | PGIM PRIVATE CREDIT FUND | |
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| | | |
| | By: | |
| | | Name: Stuart S. Parker |
| | | Title: President |
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| | PGIM INVESTMENTS LLC | |
| | | |
| | By | |
| | | Name: Scott E. Benjamin |
| | | Title: Executive Vice President |
Exhibit 10.4
PGIM Private Credit Fund
AMENDED AND RESTATED SUBADVISORY AGREEMENT
Amended and Restated Agreement made as of this [ ] day of [ ], [ ], between PGIM Investments LLC (PGIM Investments or the Manager), a New York limited liability company, and PGIM, Inc. (PGIM), a New Jersey corporation (the Subadviser).
WHEREAS, the Manager has entered into an Amended and Restated Management Agreement (the Management Agreement) dated [ ], [ ], with PGIM Private Credit Fund, a Delaware Statutory Trust (the Fund) and non-diversified, closed-end management investment company that has elected to be regulated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act), pursuant to which PGIM Investments acts as the Manager of the Fund; and
WHEREAS, the Manager, acting pursuant to the Management Agreement, desires to retain the Subadviser to provide investment advisory services to the Fund and to manage such portion of the Fund as the Manager shall from time to time direct, and the Subadviser is willing to render such investment subadvisory services; and
NOW, THEREFORE, the Parties agree as follows:
1.Powers and Duties of the Subadviser. (a) Subject to the supervision of the Manager and the Board of Trustees of the Fund, the Subadviser shall manage such portion of the Fund’s portfolio as delegated to the Subadviser by the Manager, including the purchase, retention and disposition thereof, in accordance with the Fund’s investment objectives, policies and restrictions as stated in its then current prospectus and statement of additional information (such Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information as currently in effect and as amended or supplemented from time to time, being herein called the Prospectus), and subject to the following understandings:
(i)The Subadviser shall provide supervision of the Fund’s investments and shall determine from time to time what financial instruments and securities will be purchased, retained, sold or loaned by the Fund, and what portion of the assets will be invested or held uninvested as cash. In the event that the Fund determines to acquire debt financing, the Subadviser will arrange for such financing on the Fund’s behalf. If it is necessary or appropriate for the Subadviser to make investments on behalf of the Fund through a special purpose vehicle, the Subadviser shall have authority to create or arrange for the creation of such special purpose vehicle and to make such investments through such special purpose vehicle (in accordance with the 1940 Act).
(ii)In the performance of its duties and obligations under this Agreement, the Subadviser shall act in conformity with the copies of the Declaration of Trust of the Fund, the Bylaws of the Fund, the Prospectus of the Fund, and the Fund’s valuation procedures and any other procedures adopted by the Board applicable to the Fund (and any amendments thereto) as provided to it by the Manager (the Fund Documents) and with the instructions and directions of the Manager and of the Board of Trustees of the Fund, co-operate with the Manager’s (or its designees’) personnel responsible for monitoring the Fund’s compliance and will conform to, and comply with, the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and all other applicable federal and state laws and regulations. In connection therewith, the Subadviser shall, among other things, prepare and file such reports as are, or may in the future be, required by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission) and will assist the Manager, as needed, with any required filings with the Commission that may be filed by the Manager. The Manager shall provide the Subadviser timely with copies of any updated Fund Documents.
(iii)The Subadviser shall determine the Fund’s financial instruments and securities to be purchased or sold and may place orders with or through such persons, brokers or dealers (including but not limited to any broker or dealer affiliated with the Manager or the Subadviser) to carry out the policy with respect to brokerage as set forth in the Fund’s Prospectus or as the Board of Trustees may direct in writing from time to time. In providing the Fund with investment supervision, it is recognized that the Subadviser will give primary consideration to securing the most favorable price and efficient execution. Within the framework of this policy, the Subadviser may consider the financial responsibility, research and investment information and other services provided by brokers, dealers or futures commission merchants who may effect or be a party to any such transaction or other transactions to which the Subadviser’s other clients may be a party. The Manager (or Subadviser) to the Fund each shall have discretion to effect investment transactions for the Fund through broker-dealers (including, to the extent legally permissible, broker-dealers affiliated with the Subadviser) qualified to obtain best execution of such transactions who provide brokerage and/or research services, as such services are defined in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the 1934 Act), and to cause the Fund to pay any such broker-dealers an amount of commission for effecting a portfolio transaction in excess of the amount of commission another broker-dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction, if the brokerage or research services provided by such broker-dealer, viewed in light of either that particular investment transaction or the overall responsibilities of the Manager (or the Subadviser) with respect to the Fund and other accounts as to which they or it may exercise investment discretion (as such term is defined in Section 3(a)(35) of the 1934 Act), are reasonable in relation to the amount of commission. Pursuant to the rules promulgated under Section 326 of the USA Patriot Act, broker-dealers are required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each person who opens an account with them. In accordance therewith, broker-dealers whom the Subadviser selects to execute transactions in the Fund’s account may seek identifying information about the Fund.
On occasions when the Subadviser deems the purchase or sale of a security or other financial instruments to be in the best interest of the Fund as well as other clients of the Subadviser, the Subadviser, to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations, may, but shall be under no obligation to, aggregate the securities or other financial instruments to be sold or purchased. In such event, allocation of the securities or other financial instruments so purchased or sold, as well as the expenses incurred in the transaction, will be made by the Subadviser in the manner the Subadviser considers to be the most equitable and consistent with its fiduciary obligations to the Fund and to such other clients.
(iv)The Subadviser shall maintain all books and records with respect to the Fund’s portfolio transactions effected by it as required by subparagraphs (b)(5), (6), (7), (9), (10) and (11) and paragraph (f) of Rule 31a-1 under the 1940 Act, and shall render to the Board of Trustees such periodic and special reports as the Trustees may reasonably request. The Subadviser shall make reasonably available its employees and officers for consultation with any of the Manager or the Trustees or officers or employees of the Fund with respect to any matter discussed herein, including, without limitation, the valuation of the Fund’s securities.
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(v)The Subadviser or an affiliate shall provide the Fund’s custodian (the Custodian) on each business day with information relating to all transactions concerning the Fund’s assets and shall provide the Manager with such information upon request of the Manager.
(vi)The Subadviser acknowledges that the Manager and the Fund may rely on Rule l7a-10, Rule 10f-3, Rule 12d3-l and Rule 17e-l under the 1940 Act, and, if applicable, the Subadviser hereby agrees that it shall not consult with any other subadviser to the Fund with respect to transactions in securities for the Fund’s portfolio or any other transactions of Fund assets.
(b)The Subadviser shall authorize and permit any of its directors, officers and employees who may be elected as Trustees or officers of the Fund to serve in the capacities in which they are elected. Services to be furnished by the Subadviser under this Agreement may be furnished through the medium of any of such directors, officers or employees.
(c)The Subadviser shall keep the Fund’s books and records required to be maintained by the Subadviser pursuant to paragraph 1(a) hereof and shall timely furnish to the Manager all information relating to the Subadviser’s services hereunder needed by the Manager to keep the other books and records of the Fund required by Rule 3la-1 and Rule 31a-4 under the 1940 Act or any successor regulation. The Subadviser agrees that all records which it maintains for the Fund are the property of the Fund, and the Subadviser will surrender promptly to the Fund any of such records upon the Fund’s request, provided, however, that the Subadviser may retain a copy of such records. The Subadviser further agrees to preserve for the periods prescribed by Rule 3la-2 of the Commission under the 1940 Act or any successor regulation any such records as are required to be maintained by it pursuant to paragraph l(a) hereof.
(d)In connection with its duties under this Agreement, the Subadviser agrees to maintain adequate compliance procedures to ensure its compliance with the 1940 Act, the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the Advisers Act), and other applicable state and federal regulations.
(e)The Subadviser shall maintain a written code of ethics (the Code of Ethics) that it reasonably believes complies with the requirements of Rule l7j-l under the 1940 Act and Rule 204A-l under the Advisers Act, a copy of which shall be provided to the Manager and the Fund and shall institute procedures reasonably necessary to prevent any Access Person (as defined in Rule l7j-l under the 1940 Act and Rule 204A-l under the Advisers Act) from violating its Code of Ethics. The Subadviser shall follow such Code of Ethics in performing its services under this Agreement. Further, the Subadviser represents that it maintains adequate compliance procedures to ensure its compliance with the 1940 Act, the Advisers Act, and other applicable federal and state laws and regulations. In particular, the Subadviser represents that it has policies and procedures regarding the detection and prevention of the misuse of material, nonpublic information by the Subadviser and its employees as required by the Insider Trading and Securities Fraud Enforcement Act of 1988, a copy of which shall be provided to the Manager and the Fund upon reasonable request. The Subadviser shall assure that its employees comply in all material respects with the provisions of Section 16 of the 1934 Act, and to cooperate reasonably with the Manager for purposes of filing any required reports with the Commission or such other regulator having appropriate jurisdiction.
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(f)The Subadviser shall furnish to the Manager copies of all records prepared in connection with (i) the performance of this Agreement and (ii) the maintenance of compliance procedures pursuant to paragraph 1(d) hereof as the Manager may reasonably request.
(g)The Subadviser shall be responsible for the voting of all shareholder proxies with respect to the investments and securities held in the Fund’s portfolio, subject to such reasonable reporting and other requirements as shall be established by the Manager.
(h)The Subadviser acknowledges that it is responsible for providing the Manager with its views regarding evaluating whether market quotations are readily available for the Fund’s portfolio securities, evaluating whether those market quotations are reliable for purposes of valuing the Fund’s portfolio securities, evaluating whether those market quotations are reliable for determining the Fund’s net asset value per share and promptly notifying the Manager upon the occurrence of any significant event with respect to any of the Fund’s portfolio securities in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act and any related written guidance from the Commission and the Commission staff, subject to compliance with the 1940 Act, including Rule 2a-5 thereunder, and the Fund’s valuation policies and procedures. Upon reasonable request from the Manager, the Subadviser (through a qualified person) will provide information to the valuation committee of the Fund or the Manager regarding the valuation of securities of the Fund as may be required from time to time, including making available information of which the Subadviser has knowledge related to the securities being valued.
(i)The Subadviser shall provide the Manager with any information reasonably requested regarding its management of the Fund’s portfolio required for any shareholder report, amended registration statement, or prospectus supplement to be filed by the Fund with the Commission. The Subadviser shall provide the Manager with any reasonable certification, documentation or other information reasonably requested or required by the Manager for purposes of the certifications of shareholder reports by the Fund’s principal financial officer and principal executive officer pursuant to the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 or other law or regulation. The Subadviser shall promptly inform the Fund and the Manager if the Subadviser becomes aware of any information in the Prospectus that is (or will become) materially inaccurate or incomplete.
(j)The Subadviser shall comply with the Fund Documents provided to the Subadviser by the Manager or the Fund. The Subadviser shall notify the Manager as soon as reasonably practicable upon detection of any material breach of such Fund Documents.
(k)The Subadviser shall keep the Fund and the Manager informed of developments relating to its duties as Subadviser of which the Subadviser has, or should have, knowledge that would materially affect the Fund. In this regard, the Subadviser shall provide the Fund, the Manager, and their respective officers with such periodic reports concerning the obligations the Subadviser has assumed under this Agreement as the Fund and the Manager may from time to time reasonably request. Additionally, prior to each Board meeting, the Subadviser shall provide the Manager and the Board with reports regarding the Subadviser’s management of the Fund’s portfolio during the most recently completed quarter, in such form as may be mutually agreed upon by the Subadviser and the Manager. The Subadviser shall certify quarterly to the Fund and the Manager that it and its “Advisory Persons” (as defined in Rule l7j-1 under the 1940 Act) have complied materially with the requirements of Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act during the previous quarter or, if not, explain what the Subadviser has done to seek to ensure such compliance in the future. Annually, the Subadviser shall furnish a written report, which complies with the requirements of Rule 17j-1 and Rule 38a-l under the 1940 Act, concerning the Subadviser’s Code of Ethics and compliance program, respectively, to the Fund and the Manager. Upon written request of the Fund or the Manager with respect to material violations of the Code of Ethics directly affecting the Fund, the Subadviser shall permit representatives of the Fund or the Manager to examine reports (or summaries of the reports) required to be made by Rule 17j-l(d)(l) relating to enforcement of the Code of Ethics.
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2.Responsibility of the Manager. (a) The Manager shall continue to have responsibility for all services to be provided to the Fund pursuant to the Management Agreement and, as more particularly discussed above, shall oversee and review the Subadviser’s performance of its duties under this Agreement. The Manager shall provide (or cause the Custodian to provide) timely information to the Subadviser regarding such matters as the composition of assets managed by the Subadviser, cash requirements and cash available for investment in the Fund, and all other information as may be reasonably necessary for the Subadviser to perform its duties hereunder (including any excerpts of minutes of meetings of the Board of Trustees of the Fund that affect the duties of the Subadviser).
(b)During the term of this Agreement, the Manager agrees to furnish the Subadviser at its principal office all prospectuses, proxy statements, reports to shareholders, sales literature or other material prepared for distribution to shareholders of the Fund or the public, which refer to the Subadviser in any way, prior to use thereof and not to use material if the Subadviser reasonably objects in writing five business days (or such other time as may be mutually agreed) after receipt thereof. Sales literature may be furnished to the Subadviser hereunder by first-class or overnight mail, facsimile transmission equipment, electronic mail or hand delivery.
3.Compensation. For the services provided pursuant to this Agreement, the Manager shall pay the Subadviser as full compensation therefor, a subadvisory fee and incentive fee as described in the attached Schedule A. Liability for payment of compensation by the Manager to the Subadviser under this Agreement is contingent upon the Manager’s receipt of payment from the Fund for management services described under the Management Agreement between the Fund and the Manager. Expense caps or fee waivers for the Fund that may be agreed to by the Manager, but not agreed to by the Subadviser, shall not cause a reduction in the amount of the payment to the Subadviser by the Manager.
4.Liability. The Subadviser shall not be liable for any error of judgment or for any loss suffered by the Fund or the Manager in connection with the matters to which this Agreement relates, except a loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence on the Subadviser’s part in the performance of its duties or from its reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under this Agreement, provided, however, that nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed to waive any rights the Manager or the Fund may have against the Subadviser under federal or state securities laws. The Manager shall indemnify the Subadviser, its affiliated persons, its officers, directors and employees, for any liability and expenses, including attorneys’ fees, which may be sustained as a result of the Manager’s willful misfeasance, bad faith, negligence, reckless disregard of its duties hereunder or violation of applicable law, including, without limitation, the 1940 Act and federal and state securities laws. The Subadviser shall indemnify the Manager, its affiliated persons, its officers, directors and employees, for any liability and expenses, including attorneys’ fees, which may be sustained as a result of the Subadviser’s willful misfeasance, bad faith, negligence, or reckless disregard of its duties hereunder or violation of applicable law, including, without limitation, the 1940 Act and federal and state securities laws.
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5.Term and Termination. (a) Unless earlier terminated as provided in Section 5(b), this Agreement shall continue in effect for a period of two years from the date hereof. Thereafter, if not terminated, this Agreement shall continue in effect for successive periods of 12 months only so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually in conformity with the requirements of the 1940 Act.
(b)This Agreement may be terminated by the Fund at any time, without the payment of any penalty, by the Board or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund, or by the Manager or the Subadviser at any time, without the payment of any penalty, on not more than 60 days’ nor less than 30 days’ written notice to the other party. This Agreement shall terminate automatically in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act) or upon the termination of the Management Agreement. The Subadviser agrees that it will promptly notify the Fund and the Manager of the occurrence of any event that would result in the assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act) of this Agreement, including, but not limited to, a change of control (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Subadviser.
Any notice or other communication required to be given pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed duly given if delivered by electronic mail and mailed by registered mail, postage prepaid, (1) to the Manager and/or Fund at 655 Broad Street, Newark, NJ 07102-4077, Attention: Secretary; and (2) to the Subadviser at 655 Broad Street, Newark, NJ 07102-4077, Attention: Chief Legal Officer.
6.No Exclusivity. Nothing in this Agreement shall limit or restrict the right of the Subadviser’s directors, officers or employees who may also be a Trustee, officer or employee of the Fund to engage in any other business or to devote his or her time and attention in part to the management or other aspects of any business, whether of a similar or a dissimilar nature, nor limit or restrict the Subadviser’s right to engage in any other business or to render services of any kind to any other corporation, firm, individual or association. The investment advisory services provided by the Subadviser hereunder are not to be deemed exclusive, and the Subadviser shall be free to render similar services to others. Conversely, the Subadviser and Manager understand and agree that if the Manager manages the Fund in a “manager of managers” style, the Manager will, among other things, (i) continually evaluate the performance of the Subadviser through quantitative and qualitative analysis and consultations with the Subadviser, (ii) periodically make recommendations to the Fund’s Board as to whether the contract with one or more subadvisors should be renewed, modified, or terminated, and (iii) periodically report to the Fund’s Board regarding the results of its evaluation and monitoring functions. The Subadviser recognizes that its services may be terminated or modified pursuant to this process, subject to the provisions of Section 5(b) and Section 7.
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7.Amendments. This Agreement may be amended by mutual consent, but the consent of the Fund must be obtained in conformity with the requirements of the 1940 Act.
8.Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York.
9.1940 Act Controls. Any question of interpretation of any term or provision of this Agreement having a counterpart in or otherwise derived from a term or provision of the 1940 Act, shall be resolved by reference to such term or provision of the 1940 Act and to interpretations thereof, if any, by the United States courts or, in the absence of any controlling decision of any such court, by rules, regulations or orders of the Commission issued pursuant to the 1940 Act. In addition, where the effect of a requirement of the 1940 Act, reflected in any provision of this Agreement, is related by rules, regulation or order of the Commission, such provision shall be deemed to incorporate the effect of such rule, regulation or order.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties hereto have caused this instrument to be executed by their officers designated below as of the day and year first above written.
| PGIM INVESTMENTS LLC | |
|---|---|
| By: | |
| Name: | Scott Benjamin |
| Title: | Executive Vice President |
| PGIM, INC. | |
|---|---|
| By: | |
| Name: | Matthew Harvey |
| Title: | Executive Managing Director |
SCHEDULE A
PGIM Private Credit Fund
As compensation for services provided by the Subadviser, the Manager will pay the Subadviser a subadvisory fee and an incentive fee.
The subadvisory fee is payable monthly in arrears by the Manager at an annual rate of 1.00% of the value of the Fund’s net assets within the direct lending portion of the portfolio managed by the Subadviser as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the applicable month. For the first calendar month, net assets will be measured as the date that the Fund first publicly sells shares to a person or entity other than the Manager or its affiliates.
In addition, the Manager will pay the Subadviser 75% of the incentive fee that the Manager receives from the Fund as set forth in the Management Agreement.
Dated as of [ ], [ ].
Exhibit 10.15
CUSTODY AGREEMENT
This Agreement (the “Agreement”) is made as of October 28, 2022 (the “Effective Date”) between:
| (1) | Each entity identified on Appendix A, whose jurisdiction of formation is identified opposite its name (the “Client”); and |
|---|---|
| (2) | STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY, a bank and trust company organized under the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, U.S.A. (the “Custodian”). |
| --- | --- |
1****Definitions and Interpretation
Defined terms and the general rules of interpretation agreed by the Parties are set forth in Schedule 1.
2****Appointment of the Custodian
The Client hereby appoints the Custodian to provide the services set out in Sections 3 through 15 below (the “Services”) subject to and in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.
3****Safekeeping Securities
| 3.1 | Holding Securities. The Custodian will hold Securities delivered or credited to its account under this Agreement directly or through accounts at Subcustodians or CSDs. In turn, Subcustodians will hold Securities directly or through accounts at CSDs. |
|---|---|
| 3.2 | Client Entitlements and Segregation. The Custodian will take the following steps to reflect the Client’s ownership of Securities and to separately identify the Securities of the Client from the proprietary assets of the Custodian, Subcustodians, and CSDs, in accordance with Local Market Practice: |
| --- | --- |
| 3.2.1 | Accounts at the Custodian. Open and maintain on the records of the Custodian one or more securities accounts in the name of the Client or such other name as the Client may reasonably request (each, a “Securities Account”) and credit Securities to them; |
| --- | --- |
| 3.2.2 | Accounts at the Subcustodians or CSDs. Open and maintain securities accounts at the Subcustodians or CSDs in which the Custodian is a direct participant, cause Subcustodians to open and maintain securities accounts at CSDs in which the Subcustodian is a participant, and cause Securities to be credited to the relevant accounts. Such accounts: (i) may be commingled (or omnibus) accounts for Securities of multiple customers of the Custodian (or Subcustodian, in the case of accounts opened by the Subcustodian at a CSD) or, in limited markets, segregated (or separate) accounts for Securities of the Client; and (ii) must not include any proprietary securities of the Custodian, the Subcustodian or the CSD; |
| --- | --- |
| 3.2.3 | Physical Securities. Physically segregate bearer Securities from the proprietary assets of the Custodian, and require that the Subcustodians physically segregate bearer Securities from the Subcustodian’s and the Custodian’s proprietary assets; |
| --- | --- |
| 3.2.4 | Registration Names. Register certificated Securities (other than bearer securities) in the name of the Client or in the name of the Custodian, a Subcustodian, a CSD or a nominee of any of them, or otherwise in accordance with Local Market Practice and the laws and regulations applicable to the Custodian; and |
| --- | --- |
| 3.2.5 | Records of Transactions; Reconciliation. Maintain records of the Client’s transactions in the Securities Accounts and reconcile its records of Clients’ Securities holdings against the records of its Subcustodians and CSDs in which it is a direct participant in accordance with the Custodian’s standard procedures and Local Market Practice. Subcustodians will likewise maintain records of their client’s transactions and reconcile their records of the securities holdings of their clients against the records of the CSDs in which they are a direct participant in accordance with the Subcustodians’ standard procedures and Local Market Practice. |
|---|---|
| 3.3 | Securities Interchangeable. Securities of the Client (whether held in separate or commingled accounts) are fungible with all other securities of the same issue held in such accounts by the Custodian and its Subcustodians. This means that the Client’s redelivery rights in respect of the Securities are not in respect of the Securities actually deposited with the Custodian or a Subcustodian from time to time, but rather in respect of Securities of the same number, class, denomination and issue as those Securities. |
| --- | --- |
| 3.4 | Acceptance of Securities. Except as otherwise agreed in writing with the Client, the Custodian will only accept custody of Securities and other assets that it is operationally equipped and licensed to hold in the relevant market where it provides custodial services either directly or through an existing Subcustodian and may decline to accept custody of certain securities or asset types that it determines present an unacceptable risk profile or that it or its Subcustodians are not operationally equipped or permitted to hold under any law or regulation. |
| --- | --- |
4****Cash
| 4.1 | Cash Accounts. The Custodian will open and maintain in the name of the Client one or more cash deposit accounts (each a “Cash Account”) in such currencies as may be required in connection with the investment activity of the Client. |
|---|---|
| 4.2 | Location of Cash Deposits. Cash received for the Client will be deposited with the Custodian, or with a Subcustodian, depending on the currency and/or the market. The Custodian will designate each currency in a particular market as On Book Cash or Off Book Cash. “On Book Cash” means the currency is maintained in a deposit account with, and recorded as a liability on the balance sheet of, the Custodian (through any of its branches) and “Off Book Cash” means the currency is maintained in a deposit account with, and recorded as a liability on the balance sheet of, a Subcustodian (through any of its branches). The Custodian may change the designation of a currency as On Book or Off Book from time to time. Clients will find the designation of currencies as On Book Cash and Off Book Cash, and any changes to such designations, in the Client Publications. |
| --- | --- |
| 4.3 | Cash Records. The Custodian will reflect Cash balances held in all On Book and Off Book Client deposit accounts on its books and records and report the balances to the Client. |
| --- | --- |
| 4.4 | Banking Relationship. In accepting deposits under this Agreement, the Custodian (for On Book Cash) or the relevant Subcustodian (for Off Book Cash) acts as banker and does not hold the money deposited on trust or segregated from its proprietary assets. Accordingly, the Client is an unsecured creditor of the Custodian (for On Book Cash) or the relevant Subcustodian (for Off Book Cash), subject to such rights as may arise in an Insolvency Event as determined under the laws of the jurisdiction of the Custodian or relevant Subcustodian. With respect to Off Book Cash, the Custodian is only responsible for returning the actual amount that the Custodian receives from the Subcustodian. |
| --- | --- |
Information Classification: Limited Access
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| 4.5 | Interest and Charges. Cash Accounts may be interest bearing or non-interest bearing and may be subject to charges or fees on the deposit balance or on a per account basis. The Custodian or the relevant Subcustodian will determine on a periodic basis: |
|---|---|
| 4.5.1 | the interest rates, if any, (which may be positive, zero or negative) or equivalent charges or fees paid or charged to the Client from time to time with respect to a Cash Account; and |
| --- | --- |
| 4.5.2 | the overdraft rates or equivalent charges or fees and the applicable overdraft thresholds (if any) that will trigger interest charges from time to time for overdrafts, |
| --- | --- |
in each case, acting in their sole discretion, taking into account market conditions and other relevant commercial considerations. Interest and overdraft rates or other account charges or fees will vary by currency. Details on current rates and deposit account charges are available upon request.
| 4.6 | Overdrafts. The Client must maintain sufficient funds in the Cash Accounts to settle all transactions in the applicable currencies in a timely manner. The Custodian or its Subcustodians may, but are not required to, extend credit under this Agreement. The Custodian reserves the right to decline to process any Proper Instruction or settle any transaction that would result in an overdraft of the Cash Account. If an overdraft arises in the Cash Account, the Client agrees to repay the principal amount of the overdraft upon demand by the Custodian or within five Business Days, whichever is earlier, plus any applicable overdraft fees and interest on the principal overdraft. |
|---|---|
| 5 | Transaction Settlement |
| --- | --- |
| 5.1 | Settlement. The Custodian will settle all transactions in accordance with Local Market Practice, which may not always be on a delivery-versus-payment or receipt-versus-payment basis. Except as otherwise provided below regarding Contractual Settlement, the Custodian will credit or debit the appropriate Cash Account on an actual settlement or payment basis. |
| --- | --- |
| 5.2 | Contractual Settlement. In order to facilitate transaction settlement, the Custodian may provisionally credit settlement, maturity or redemption proceeds, or income, dividends and other distributions, on a contractual settlement or predetermined income basis (“Contractual Settlement”), for markets, securities and eligible clients as determined and notified by the Custodian in the Client Publications. The Custodian can terminate or suspend Contractual Settlement for markets, securities or particular clients at any time. |
| --- | --- |
| 5.3 | Use of Funds. Where Contractual Settlement applies, the Custodian will credit or debit the appropriate Cash Account on the contractual settlement date or payable date for the relevant transaction. This means that (i) the Client will have use of the funds from the date that a sale was contracted to settle or the payable date, which may be earlier than the date payment actually occurs and (ii) the Custodian will have use of the funds debited from the Cash Account from the date that a purchase was contracted to settle until the date that settlement actually occurs. |
| --- | --- |
| 5.4 | **Reversal.**The Custodian may reverse any Contractual Settlement credit at any time before actual receipt of the cash payment associated with the credit if the Custodian determines, in its reasonable judgement, that such payment will not be received within 30 days for that transaction or if the Custodian suspends or terminates the provision of Contractual |
| --- | --- |
Information Classification: Limited Access
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Settlement for those Securities in that market. The Custodian will generally notify the Client two Business Days before any such reversal.
| 5.5 | Secured Liability. To the extent that the Custodian has not received the cash payment associated with a credit, the amount credited remains a Secured Liability under this Agreement. |
|---|---|
| 6 | Corporate Actions |
| --- | --- |
| 6.1 | Transmit Information. The Custodian will promptly transmit or make available to the Client all material written information customarily provided by a professional global custodian regarding an applicable Corporate Action, or a brief synopsis of that information, affecting Securities then being held under this Agreement, where (i) that information is received directly from issuers of such Securities or from CSDs or Subcustodians or (ii) that information is publicly available in the relevant market from standard vendors routinely used by professional global custodians provided that the Custodian can verify the accuracy of such information. The Custodian will transmit or make available such Corporate Action data it receives from primary sources (issuers, CSDs and Subcustodians) without further review although it will generally note if such information is single sourced. The Custodian generally will not transmit or make available such Corporate Action data it receives from secondary sources (vendors) unless the accuracy of that information can be verified against at least one additional source. |
| --- | --- |
| 6.2 | Exercise. The Custodian will process the Client’s elections with respect to any voluntary Corporate Action at the direction of the Client provided it has actual possession of the relevant Securities and it has received Proper Instructions by the deadline specified in the Custodian’s Corporate Action notification (“Corporate Actions Deadline Date”). The Custodian will use commercially reasonable efforts to effect Proper Instructions received after that deadline but will have no responsibility for any failure to exercise such instructions accurately or timely. In the absence of receiving Proper Instructions by the Corporate Actions Deadline Date, the Custodian may take the default action specified in the corporate action notification. In the event of a mandatory Corporate Action, the Custodian will act without Proper Instructions in accordance with Section 22.10. |
| --- | --- |
| 6.3 | **Class Actions.**The Custodian will transmit written information received by the Custodian regarding any class action litigation to the extent set out in the Client Publications. The Custodian will not support class action participation by the Client beyond such forwarding of written information. In no event will the Custodian act as a lead plaintiff in a class action. |
| --- | --- |
| 6.4 | Fractional Positions. Fractional positions resulting from Corporate Actions will be dealt with in accordance with the Client Publications. |
| --- | --- |
| 7 | Proxy Servicing |
| --- | --- |
| 7.1 | Transmit Information. The Custodian will forward to the Client all proxies received by the Custodian relating to the Securities then held under this Agreement, for the markets designated in the Client Publications, unless otherwise instructed by the Client. The Custodian will use an agent to assist in the receipt and distribution of proxies and will share the Client’s position and contact information to facilitate such collection and distribution. |
| --- | --- |
| 7.2 | Voting. The Custodian provides proxy voting services for the markets designated in the Client Publications. The Custodian will cause eligible proxies to be promptly executed by the registered holder in accordance with Proper Instructions and delivered to the issuer of the Securities or its designated agent. In order for the Custodian to provide the voting |
| --- | --- |
Information Classification: Limited Access
4
services, the Custodian must have received such Proper Instructions, must have actual possession of the relevant Securities, and all requirements set out in the Client Publications must have been met, including where applicable receiving an executed power of attorney, in each case by the deadline specified in the Custodian’s proxy notification.
| 8 | Income Collection |
|---|---|
| 8.1 | Monitoring and Crediting. The Custodian will use commercially reasonable efforts to monitor and collect on a timely basis, in accordance with Local Market Practice, all income and other payments to which the Client is entitled in respect of the Securities held under this Agreement and Securities on loan through the securities lending program sponsored by the Custodian or its Affiliates. The Custodian will credit such amounts to the Cash Account of the Client as received, except where Contractual Settlement applies. |
| --- | --- |
| 8.2 | Repatriation of Income. The Client is responsible for directing the repatriation of income into the base currency of the Portfolio or another currency selected by the Client, and may enter into separate arrangements to do so, as set out in Section 13 of this Agreement. |
| --- | --- |
| 9 | Statements and Reports |
| --- | --- |
| 9.1 | Contents. The Custodian will make available reports to the Client regarding the Portfolio on a periodic basis as selected by the Client from certain online tools made available from time to time by the Custodian or as otherwise agreed with the Client. The reports will include Cash balances, an itemized statement of Securities and Cash and Securities transaction activity. Market values contained in these reports are unaudited and based on the Custodian’s standard pricing vendors and practices. These reports will not include net asset value calculations. |
| --- | --- |
| 9.2 | Cash and Securities Not Held. The Custodian may agree to incorporate information in respect of cash or securities not held by the Custodian. In making available such information to the Client, the Custodian will reasonably rely upon the information provided by the Client or a third party without any requirement to verify the accuracy of such information. The Custodian will not perform any other Services in relation to such cash or securities. |
| --- | --- |
| 10 | Tax Withholding and Tax Relief |
| --- | --- |
| 10.1 | Withholding. The Custodian will withhold (or cause to be withheld) the amount of any tax which is required to be withheld by the Custodian or Subcustodian under the Law applicable to the Custodian or Subcustodian based on the Client’s domicile and entity type in respect of any dividend, interest income or other distribution in relation to any Security, and/or the proceeds or income from the sale or other transfer of any Security held by the Custodian. If the Client has not provided the requisite information and documentation, the Custodian is obligated to arrange for maximum withholding. In certain markets, the Client will be required to hire a local tax agent to calculate withholding, as set out in the Client Publications. |
| --- | --- |
| 10.2 | Tax Relief. The Custodian will apply for a reduction of withholding tax and refund of any tax paid or tax credits in respect of income payments on Securities based on the Client’s entitlement under relevant tax treaties or laws which apply in each market that supports a standard tax reclaim process, in all cases as may be set out from time to time in the Client Publications*.* The Custodian does not facilitate tax reclaims for tax transparent or pass-through (i.e., multiple-beneficiary) entities such as partnerships, LLCs, common trusts or |
| --- | --- |
Information Classification: Limited Access
5
any other types of entities that are generally ineligible for tax treaty or domestic law tax entitlements, even where the partners or beneficial holders of such entities may be eligible.
| 10.3 | Documentation. In order for the Custodian to perform the services in this Section 10, the Client will provide the Custodian such information and documentation as may be required from time to time by the Custodian for tax purposes, including documentary evidence of its tax domicile, and its entity type and details of any special ruling or treatment to which the Client may be entitled in relation to countries where the Client engages or proposes to engage in investment activity or where Securities are or will be held. The Client is responsible for ensuring the documentation and information provided is true and accurate in all material respects and will promptly provide the Custodian with all necessary corrections or updates upon becoming aware of any changes or inaccuracies in the documentation or information supplied. The provision of documentation and information under this Section 10.3 will be taken to be a Proper Instruction upon which the Custodian will be entitled to rely for all purposes under this Section 10, including calculating withholding and determining available tax relief, without the need to undertake any further inquiries or verification. |
|---|---|
| 10.4 | Client Responsible for Taxes. The Client will be liable for all taxes, levies or similar obligations which arise as a result of the Client’s investment activity, including in relation to any Cash or Securities held by the Custodian on behalf of the Client, or any related transactions. If any taxes become payable in relation to any prior payment made to the Client by the Custodian, the Custodian may withhold any credit balance in the Client’s Cash Accounts to the extent necessary to satisfy such tax obligation. The Client will also remain liable for any tax deficiency. |
| --- | --- |
| 10.5 | No Tax Advice. The Client acknowledges that the Custodian is not, and will not be deemed to be, providing tax advice or tax counsel. |
| --- | --- |
| 11 | Physical Safekeeping of Investment Documents |
| --- | --- |
| 11.1 | Document Safekeeping. The Custodian may agree to provide physical safekeeping for Investment Documents delivered to it and will return such Investment Documents to the Client upon receipt of Proper Instructions, subject to additional documentation and other requirements as the Custodian may specify from time to time. |
| --- | --- |
| 11.2 | No Other Services. The Custodian will not otherwise perform any other Services in relation to such Investment Documents. |
| --- | --- |
| 12 | Alternative Asset Servicing |
| --- | --- |
| 12.1 | Alternative Assets. The Custodian may agree to reflect the Client’s Alternative Assets on its books, records or statements. Unless otherwise agreed in writing, the Custodian will not perform any other services or assume any obligations in relation to Alternative Assets. The Custodian may, in limited cases, agree to register the Client’s interests in Alternative Assets in the name of the Custodian, subject to additional documentation and other requirements as the Custodian may specify from time to time. |
| --- | --- |
| 13 | Foreign Exchange |
| --- | --- |
| 13.1 | Role of Custodian. The role of the Custodian with respect to foreign exchange transactions is limited to facilitating the processing and settlement of such transactions. The Custodian does not have any agency, trust or fiduciary obligation to the Client or any |
| --- | --- |
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other person in connection with the execution of any foreign exchange transactions, other than the obligation as agent to process the Proper Instructions given by the Client.
| 13.2 | Role of Counterparties. If the Client enters into any foreign exchange transaction with State Street Bank and Trust Company, a Subcustodian or any of their Affiliates, the Client does so on the basis that these entities are acting as a principal dealer and counterparty, and not as fiduciary or agent to the Client, and the execution services are governed by separate arrangements (including pricing) and do not form part of the Services provided by the Custodian under this Agreement. This applies to foreign exchange transactions entered into by the Client directly with the trading desk of these entities or by Proper Instruction to the Custodian using the indirect foreign exchange services described in the Client Publications. |
|---|---|
| 14 | Subcustodians |
| --- | --- |
| 14.1 | Use of Subcustodians. The Custodian is authorized to utilize Subcustodians in connection with its performance of the Services, and will notify the Client of the Subcustodians so employed from time to time through the Client Publications. |
| --- | --- |
| 14.2 | **Selection and Monitoring.**The Custodian will use reasonable skill, care and diligence in the selection, monitoring and continued utilization of Subcustodians by taking the following actions: (i) annually assess the financial condition of each Subcustodian by reviewing their publicly available financial information, (ii) on a daily basis monitoring the performance by each Subcustodian’ of its duties relative to the Services, and (iii) confirming on an annual basis that each Subcustodian is licensed to act as a subcustodian in its relevant market. |
| --- | --- |
| 14.3 | Special Subcustodians. At the request of the Client, the Custodian may agree to appoint one or more qualified banks, trust companies or other entities designated by the Client to act as a subcustodian (each a “Special Subcustodian”) for purposes specified by the Client. In connection with the appointment of a Special Subcustodian, the Custodian shall enter into a tri-party subcustodian agreement with the Special Subcustodian and the Client in form and substance approved the Custodian, provided that such agreement shall comply with Law applicable to the Client and shall be consistent with the terms and provisions of this Agreement, to the extent practicable. |
| --- | --- |
| 14.4 | Provisions Relating to Rule 17f-5 |
| --- | --- |
| 14.4.1 | Delegation. Each Client, by resolution of its Board, delegates to the Custodian, pursuant to Rule 17f-5(b), the obligations to perform as the Client’s Foreign Custody Manager and, unless the Custodian advises the Client that it does not accept such delegation with respect to a country, the Custodian accepts such delegation. The Custodian acting in this capacity shall be referred to as the “Foreign Custody Manager.” |
| --- | --- |
| 14.4.2 | Exercise of Care as Foreign Custody Manager. The Foreign Custody Manager will exercise such reasonable care, prudence and diligence in performing the delegated responsibilities as a person having responsibility for the safekeeping of assets of management investment companies registered under the 1940 Act would exercise. |
| --- | --- |
| 14.4.3 | Foreign Custody Arrangements. The Foreign Custody Manager will perform the delegated responsibilities only with respect to Covered Foreign Countries and will provide the Client with a list on Schedule A of the Eligible Foreign Custodian(s) it selects to maintain the Client’s Foreign Assets in each Covered Foreign Country. The Foreign Custody Manager may amend the list from time to time in its sole discretion upon prompt notice to the Client. |
| --- | --- |
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| 14.4.4 | Scope of Delegated Responsibilities. The Foreign Custody Manager, when placing and maintaining Foreign Assets in the care of an Eligible Foreign Custodian, will determine that: (i) the Foreign Assets will be subject to reasonable care, based on the standards applicable to custodians in the country in which the Foreign Assets will be held by the Eligible Foreign Custodian, after considering all factors relevant to the safekeeping of such assets, including, without limitation the factors specified in Rule 17f-5(c)(1), and (ii) the contract between the Foreign Custody Manager and the Eligible Foreign Custodian governing the foreign custody arrangements will satisfy the requirements of Rule 17f-5(c)(2). The Foreign Custody Manager will establish a system to monitor (a) the appropriateness of maintaining the Foreign Assets with the Eligible Foreign Custodian, and (b) the performance of the contract governing the foreign custody arrangements. The Foreign Custody Manager will notify the Client if it determines that the custody arrangements with an Eligible Foreign Custodian are no longer appropriate and will act in accordance with the Client’s Proper Instructions with respect to the disposition of the affected Foreign Assets. |
|---|---|
| 14.4.5 | Reporting Requirements. The Foreign Custody Manager will (i) report the withdrawal of Foreign Assets from an Eligible Foreign Custodian and the placement of Foreign Assets with another Eligible Foreign Custodian by providing to the Client an updated Schedule A at the end of the calendar quarter in which the action has occurred, and (ii) after the occurrence of any other material change in the foreign custody arrangements of the Client, make a written report available to the Client containing a notification of the change. |
| --- | --- |
| 14.4.6 | Representations of Foreign Custody Manager and Client. The Foreign Custody Manager represents to Client that it is a U.S. Bank as defined in Section (a)(7) of Rule 17f-5(a)(7). Client represents to the Custodian that its Board has (i) determined that it is reasonable for the Board to rely on the Custodian to perform the responsibilities delegated pursuant to this Agreement to the Custodian as the Foreign Custody Manager of the Client, and (ii) considered and determined to accept the risk described in the first sentence of Section 18.2 as is incurred by placing and maintaining the Client’s Foreign Assets in each Covered Foreign Country. |
| --- | --- |
| 14.4.7 | **Withdrawal of Acceptance of Delegation as Foreign Custody Manager.**Upon reasonable prior written notice to the Client, the Foreign Custody Manager may withdraw its acceptance of such delegated responsibilities generally or with respect to a specified Covered Foreign Country, and the Custodian will have no further responsibility in its capacity as Foreign Custody Manager to the Client generally or with respect to the designated Covered Foreign Country, as applicable. |
| --- | --- |
| 14.4.8 | **Settlement Practices.**The Custodian will provide to each Client the information with respect to custody and settlement practices in countries in which the Custodian employs an Eligible Foreign Custodian described on Schedule C at the time or times set out on the Schedule. The Custodian may revise Schedule C from time to time, but no revision will result in a Client being provided with substantively less information than had been previously provided on Schedule C. |
| --- | --- |
| 15 | Central Securities Depositories |
| --- | --- |
| 15.1 | Use of Central Securities Depositories. The Custodian and its Subcustodians will use CSDs in connection with the performance of the Services, and will notify the Client of the CSDs so employed from time to time through the Client Publications. |
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| 15.2 | Rules of Central Securities Depositories. Where the Custodian or its Subcustodians use CSDs, the Client acknowledges that they will do so in accordance with the terms and conditions of participation or membership in such CSDs and the rules and procedures governing the operation thereof. |
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| 15.3 | Provisions Relating to Rule 17f-4. The Custodian may deposit and maintain securities or other financial assets of the Client in a U.S. CSD in compliance with the conditions of Rule 17f-4. |
| --- | --- |
| 15.4 | Provisions Relating to Rule 17f-7. The Custodian will (i) provide the Client or its Investment Manager with an analysis of the custody risks associated with maintaining assets with the Eligible Securities Depositories set out on Schedule B in accordance with Section (a)(1)(i)(A) of Rule 17f-7, (ii) monitor such risks on a continuing basis and promptly notify the Client or its Investment Manager of any material change in such risks, in accordance with Section (a)(1)(i)(B) of Rule 17f-7, and (iii) exercise reasonable care, prudence and diligence in performing the requirements in subsections (i) and (ii) above. |
| --- | --- |
| 16 | Delegation |
| --- | --- |
| 16.1 | Use of Delegates. The Custodian will have the right, without prior notice to or the consent of the Client, to employ Delegates to provide or assist it in the provision of any part of the Services other than Services required by Law applicable to either Party to be performed by a qualified custodian or CSD. Unless otherwise agreed in a fee schedule, the Custodian will be responsible for the compensation of its Delegates. |
| --- | --- |
| 16.2 | Provision of Information Regarding Delegates. The Custodian will provide or make available to the Client on a quarterly or other periodic basis information regarding its global operating model for the delivery of the Services, which information will include the identities of Delegates affiliated with the Custodian that perform or may perform any part of the Services, and the locations from which such Delegates perform Services, as well as such other information about its Delegates as the Client may reasonably request from time to time. |
| --- | --- |
| 16.3 | Third Parties. Nothing in this Section limits or restricts the Custodian’s right to use Affiliates or third parties to perform or discharge, or assist it in the performance or discharge of, any obligations or duties under this Agreement other than the provision of the Services. |
| --- | --- |
| 17 | Standard of Care and Liability |
| --- | --- |
| 17.1 | Standard of Care. The Custodian will at all times exercise the reasonable skill, care and diligence expected of a professional provider of custody services to institutional investors and act in good faith and in accordance with generally applicable industry standards and practices in the performance of its duties under this Agreement, taking into account the laws, customs and facts and circumstances prevailing in the jurisdictions in which the Client elects to invest. |
| --- | --- |
| 17.2 | Liability for Losses. Subject to the limitations and exclusions of liability in this Agreement, the Custodian will be liable for Losses suffered or incurred by the Client to the extent such Losses are caused by the negligence, wilful default, or fraud of the Custodian in the performance of its obligations under this Agreement. The parties agree that “negligence” will mean a breach by the Custodian of its obligation to exercise the standard of care described in Section 17.1 above. |
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| 17.3 | Responsibility for Subcustodians. The Custodian will be liable to the Client for the acts and omissions of its Subcustodians as if it had committed such acts and omissions itself; provided that: |
|---|---|
| 17.3.1 | compliance with the standard of care set out in Section 17.1 will be assessed in accordance with the standards and circumstances prevailing at the time of the act or omission in the local market or jurisdiction in which the Subcustodian is providing the relevant Services; and |
| --- | --- |
| 17.3.2 | the Custodian will have no liability for Losses resulting from the insolvency or other financial default of a Subcustodian that is not an Affiliate of the Custodian except to the extent that such Losses are caused by the failure of the Custodian to exercise reasonable skill, care and diligence in the selection, monitoring and continued utilization of the Subcustodian as required under Section 14.2. |
| --- | --- |
| 17.4 | Responsibility for Special Subcustodians. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 17.3 to the contrary, the Custodian shall not be liable to the Client for Losses suffered or incurred by the Client resulting from the acts or omissions of a Special Subcustodian, except to the extent such Losses are caused by the negligence, wilful default or fraud of the Custodian. In the event of any such Loss, the Custodian shall use commercially reasonable efforts to enforce such rights as it may have against any Special Subcustodian. |
| --- | --- |
| 17.5 | Responsibility for Delegates. The Custodian will be liable to the Client for the acts and omissions of its Delegates as if it had committed such acts and omissions itself. |
| --- | --- |
| 17.6 | Force Majeure. Neither Party will be in breach of this Agreement or liable for Losses arising by reason of the occurrence of a Force Majeure Event that prevents, hinders or delays it from or in performing its obligations under this Agreement, except, in the case of the Custodian, to the extent that such Losses are attributable to its breach of its business continuity obligations under this Agreement. |
| --- | --- |
| 17.7 | No Liability for Certain Losses. The Custodian will not be liable to the Client for any Losses to the extent they arise from or are caused by: |
| --- | --- |
| 17.7.1 | the Custodian acting upon any (i) Proper Instruction or (ii) if a Proper Instruction is not required in a particular circumstance, any other instruction, information, notice, request, consent, certificate, instrument or other writing that the Custodian reasonably believes to be genuine and to be signed or otherwise given by or on behalf of a person authorized to do so; |
| --- | --- |
| 17.7.2 | a delay in processing or any failure to process any Proper Instruction to the extent permitted under Section 22, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set out in that Section, as applicable; |
| --- | --- |
| 17.7.3 | the failure of the Client or any person authorized by it to comply with the Client’s obligations under this Agreement; or |
| --- | --- |
| 17.7.4 | any other acts and omissions of the Client, any person authorized by it or any third party, including any Third Party Agent, Market Participant, Authorized Data Source, CSD, or Financial Market Utility. |
| --- | --- |
| 17.8 | **Mutual Exclusion of Indirect and Other Loss.**Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, neither Party will be liable to the other for: (i) indirect, consequential, speculative, punitive or special Loss or (ii) loss of profit, revenue, opportunity, business, anticipated savings, goodwill and damage to reputation, or Loss of any similar kind; in each |
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case whether or not a Party has been advised of or otherwise could have anticipated the possibility of such losses, except to the extent any such losses cannot be excluded or limited as a matter of Law applicable to either Party.
| 18 | Error Correction |
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| 18.1 | Error Correction. If an error results from an act or omission of the Custodian in performing the services under this Agreement, the Custodian may take such remedial action as it considers appropriate under the circumstances, which may include effecting corrective transactions involving the Client’s assets, where and to the extent reasonably necessary to place the Client in the position (or its equivalent) it would have been had the error not occurred. The Custodian will be responsible for Losses arising from its errors in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and will be entitled to retain gains arising from its errors or related remedial actions unless otherwise prohibited by Law. Where an error results in a series of related Losses and gains, the Custodian will be entitled to net gains against Losses when permitted by Law. |
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| 19 | Limits on the Scope of the Services |
| --- | --- |
| 19.1 | No Fiduciary or Implied Duties. The Custodian is responsible only for the duties it has expressly undertaken under this Agreement and no other duties will be implied or inferred, including any fiduciary duties, except to the extent such fiduciary duties may not be disclaimed as a matter of Law. |
| --- | --- |
| 19.2 | Investment and Other Risk, Client Compliance Matters. The Client bears the risk of investing in Securities or other assets or holding cash denominated in any currency or holding assets in a particular market, including investment risk and risk arising from the political, regulatory, legal or financial infrastructure of such market or otherwise arising from Local Market Practice. The Custodian is not responsible for monitoring or enforcing compliance by the Client or its Investment Manager(s) with any investment or other restriction, guideline or requirement imposed by the Client’s constituent documents or by contract or Law applicable to the Client in connection with investment activity undertaken by or on behalf of the Client. |
| --- | --- |
| 19.3 | **Data Accuracy.**The Custodian has no responsibility for, or duty to review, verify or otherwise perform any investigation as to the completeness, accuracy or sufficiency of, any data or information provided by or on behalf of the Client, any persons authorized by the Client, any Third Party Agent, any Market Participant or any Authorized Data Sources, except to the extent the Custodian has agreed in writing to perform reconciliations, variance or tolerance checks or other specific forms of data review under this Agreement. |
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| 19.4 | Title. The Custodian is not responsible for title or entitlement to, validity or genuineness, including good deliverable form, of any asset received by the Custodian. |
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| 19.5 | Proceedings. The Custodian is not responsible for commencing legal or administrative proceedings on behalf of the Client or relating to the assets held under this Agreement, including in respect of the late payment of income or other payments due to the Client or amounts payable on Securities in default if payment is refused after due demand and presentment. |
| --- | --- |
| 19.6 | Laws Applicable to the Custodian or Subcustodian. Laws applicable to the Custodian or a Subcustodian may from time to time prohibit or cause delays in the Custodian holding assets, acting on Proper Instructions or providing the Services to the Client in the manner contemplated by this Agreement. In such cases, the Custodian or Subcustodian will be |
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entitled to comply with the Law and, where permitted by such Law, the Parties will seek to resolve the situation to the Parties’ mutual satisfaction.
| 19.7 | **Securities on Loan.**Asset servicing is not generally performed for securities on loan unless otherwise noted in this Agreement or agreed by the Parties in writing. Provision of such services with respect to securities on loan may be covered by a separate securities lending or services agreement. |
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| 20 | Indemnity |
| --- | --- |
| 20.1 | Indemnity by Client. Subject to this Section 20 and the exclusions and limitations of liability elsewhere in this Agreement, including Section 17.8, the Client will indemnify the Custodian against any direct Losses incurred by the Custodian (including Losses incurred by Subcustodians or Delegates for which the Custodian is liable) in connection with the performance of its duties under this Agreement, including acting on Proper Instructions and Losses incurred by virtue of being the holder of record of the Client’s Securities, except, in each case, to the extent such Losses result from the Custodian’s negligence, wilful default or fraud (or that of its Subcustodians or Delegates) in the discharge of the Custodian’s duties under this Agreement. |
| --- | --- |
| 20.2 | Indemnity by Custodian. Subject to this Section 20 and the exclusions and limitations of liability elsewhere in this Agreement, including Section 17.7 and 17.8, the Custodian will indemnify the Client against any direct Losses incurred by the Client, in each case, to the extent such Losses result from the negligence, wilful default or fraud of the Custodian (or that of its Subcustodians or Delegates) in the discharge of the Custodian’s duties under this Agreement. |
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| 20.3 | Duty to Mitigate. Each Party will use commercially reasonable efforts to mitigate any Losses in respect of which it claims indemnification under this Agreement. |
| --- | --- |
| 20.4 | Notice of Claims. A Party seeking indemnification under this Section (“Indemnified Party”) against a third-party claim (“Indemnified Claim”) will promptly provide written notice of such claim to the Party obligated to indemnify (“Indemnifying Party”). The failure to notify the Indemnifying Party will not relieve such Party of any liability under this Section, except to the extent that such notice would be contrary to law or the order of a relevant governmental body or to the extent that such failure to notify materially prejudices the investigation and/or defense of the Indemnified Claim. |
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| 20.5 | Right to Control Third Party Claims. The Indemnifying Party will, at its own expense, be entitled but not obligated to control and direct the investigation and defense of any Indemnified Claim, except where the Custodian is the Indemnified Party and is seeking indemnification from multiple customers for claims based on common facts or otherwise related to the Indemnified Claim, in which case the Custodian will have the right to control and direct the investigation and defense of such claim, at the expense of (i) the Indemnifying Party or (ii) all of the customers from which indemnification is sought, including the Indemnifying Party, pro rata, as appropriate. Where the Indemnifying Party controls and directs the investigation of the defence of the Indemnified Claim, the Indemnified Party may retain separate counsel at its own expense. If a conflict of interest exists between the Parties with respect to the defense of such claim, the reasonable cost of separate counsel will be an indemnified expense. |
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| 20.6 | Settlement of Claims. Neither Party may settle an Indemnified Claim without the consent of the other Party, which consent will not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, |
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provided that the Indemnifying Party will have the right to settle an Indemnified Claim without the consent of the Indemnified Party if such settlement:
| 20.6.1 | involves only the payment of money; |
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| 20.6.2 | fully and unconditionally releases the Indemnified Party from any liability in exchange for the amount paid in settlement; and |
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| 20.6.3 | does not include any admission of fault or liability in relation to the Indemnified Party. |
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| 20.7 | Cooperation. In all cases, each Party will, as applicable, provide reasonable cooperation and assistance to the other Party and use reasonable efforts keep the other Party apprised as to the status of the Indemnified Claim, including any discussions relating to the settlement of the claim and the details of any settlement offer. |
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| 21 | Obligations of the Client |
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| 21.1 | Provide Information. The Client will provide or cause to be provided to the Custodian all data, information, documents and instructions concerning the Client and the investment activity of the Client in relation to the Portfolio as may be reasonably necessary or as the Custodian may reasonably request, in each case in a complete, accurate and timely manner, in order to enable the Custodian to discharge its duties under this Agreement. |
| --- | --- |
| 21.2 | **AML Compliance.**The Client will comply with all applicable anti-money laundering, sanctions or other financial crime legislation applicable to it and will provide the Custodian with all necessary sanctions questionnaires, declarations and other documentation in order for the Custodian to comply with its anti-money laundering policy. |
| --- | --- |
| 21.3 | Pass Through Representations. To the extent that the Custodian is required to give (or is deemed to have given) any representation, warranty or undertaking to a third party relating to the Client in accordance with normal market practice in connection with the execution of transaction documents or the issuance or transmission of trade notifications, confirmations and/or settlement instructions, whether using facsimile transmission, industry messaging or matching utilities and/or the proprietary software of Third Party Agents and Market Participants, CSDs or other Financial Market Utilities, the Client will be deemed to have made such representation, warranty or undertaking to the Custodian. |
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| 21.4 | **Operational Requirements.**The Client will adhere to the deadlines and other operational requirements set out in the Client Publications, to facilitate meeting the requirements of CSD’s, Third Party Agents and Market Participants. |
| --- | --- |
| 21.5 | **Client Review and Notification.**In accordance with standard market practice, the Client will employ commercially reasonable review and control measures with respect to information provided by the Custodian under this Agreement and give the Custodian prompt written notice of any suspected error or omission or the Client’s inability to access any such Information so as to prevent, stem or mitigate any Losses that may arise from the use of inaccurate data or the inaccessibility of data. |
| --- | --- |
| 21.6 | **Fees.**In consideration for the Services provided by the Custodian, the Client will pay the Fees as agreed in a written fee schedule or otherwise agreed in writing by the Parties from time to time. The Fees and any other amounts payable under this Agreement are stated exclusive of any sales, use, excise, value-added, services, consumption, withholding or |
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other similar tax that is assessed on the supply of the Services under an agreement. Any such tax will be payable by the Client.
| 21.7 | **Client Publications.**The Client will ensure that it provides the Custodian with, and will regularly update, as necessary, e-mail and other contact details for its representatives to enable timely distribution and receipt of the Client Publications. |
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| 22 | Proper Instructions |
| --- | --- |
| 22.1 | Dealings in Cash and Securities. The Custodian will effect all transactions and dealings in Cash and Securities under this Agreement in accordance with Proper Instructions, subject to any other rights it may have under this Agreement. |
| --- | --- |
| 22.2 | Appointment of Authorized Persons. The Client and each Investment Manager will provide the Custodian with a list of the names and (if applicable) signatures, of Authorized Persons in a form agreed by the parties from time to time. The Custodian may rely upon the authority of each Authorized Person until it receives written notice to the contrary from the Client and has had a reasonable time to act on such notice. |
| --- | --- |
| 22.3 | Authentication Procedures. The Custodian will implement Authentication Procedures. The Client acknowledges that the Authentication Procedures are intended to provide a commercially reasonable degree of protection against unauthorized transactions of certain types and are not designed to detect errors. Any purported Proper Instruction received by the Custodian in accordance with an Authentication Procedure will be taken to have originated from an Authorized Person and will constitute a Proper Instruction under this Agreement for all purposes. |
| --- | --- |
| 22.4 | Security Measures by Client. The Client is responsible for ensuring that appropriate security measures are implemented to prevent unauthorized disclosure or use of any Authentication Procedure made available to it or an Investment Manager in connection with this Agreement. |
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| 22.5 | No Duty to Verify. Except to the extent the Custodian is required to comply with Authentication Procedures under Section 22.3 above, the Custodian has no duty to verify that personnel of the Client or any Investment Manager engaged in investment activity are authorized to do so or that any instructions received by the Custodian are duly authorized. |
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| 22.6 | Decline/Delay in Processing. The Custodian reserves the right to decline to process or delay the processing of any purported Proper Instruction where: |
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| 22.6.1 | the Custodian, in good faith, determines that the instruction may not have been properly authorized; |
| --- | --- |
| 22.6.2 | the instruction is inaccurate, incomplete or unclear; |
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| 22.6.3 | the instruction conflicts with the terms of this Agreement or any Law applicable to either Party, Local Market Practice or the Custodian’s standard operating procedures; or |
| --- | --- |
| 22.6.4 | the Custodian has not been given a reasonable time period to effect the instruction. |
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In these circumstances, the Custodian will promptly seek authentication, clarification, correction or amendment of any Proper Instruction, as the case may be.
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| 22.7 | Cancellation and Amendment. The Custodian will use commercially reasonable efforts to act on Proper Instructions to cancel or amend previously issued Proper Instructions if: |
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| 22.7.1 | the Custodian has not already acted on the previously issued Proper Instructions; and |
| --- | --- |
| 22.7.2 | the Proper Instruction to cancel or amend is received before the applicable deadlines specified from time to time in the Client Publications or applicable event notification. |
| --- | --- |
The Custodian is not responsible or liable if the request to cancel or amend cannot be satisfied.
| 22.8 | Oral Instructions. If applicable, the Custodian may act on an oral instruction (given in accordance with an agreed Authentication Procedure) before receipt of any written confirmation and irrespective of whether any subsequent written confirmation conforms to the oral instruction. |
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| 22.9 | Conflicting Claims. If there is a dispute or conflicting claim with respect to Securities or Cash held by the Custodian under this Agreement, the Custodian is entitled to refuse to act on a Proper Instruction of the Client or any Investment Manager in relation to the particular Securities or Cash until either (i) the dispute or conflicting claims have been finally determined by a court of competent jurisdiction or settled by agreement between the conflicting parties, and the Custodian has received written evidence satisfactory to it of such determination or agreement, or (ii) the Custodian has received an indemnity, security or both, satisfactory to it and sufficient to hold it harmless from and against any and all Losses which the Custodian may incur as a result of its actions. |
| --- | --- |
| 22.10 | Matters Not Requiring Proper Instructions. The Client authorises the Custodian in the absence of Proper Instructions to attend to all matters which may be necessary or appropriate to discharge its duties and give effect to the terms of this Agreement, including the execution, in the Client’s name or on its behalf, of any affidavits, certificates of ownership and other certificates and documents relating to Securities. |
| --- | --- |
| 23 | Creditors Rights |
| --- | --- |
| 23.1 | Security. To secure the full and timely satisfaction of all Secured Liabilities, the Client hereby grants to the Custodian a security interest in and a right of retention, sale and set off, as applicable, against (i) all of the Client’s Cash, Securities, and other assets, whether now existing or hereafter acquired, in the possession or under the control of the Custodian or its Subcustodians pursuant to this Agreement and (ii) any and all cash proceeds of any of the above (collectively, the “Collateral”). |
| --- | --- |
| 23.2 | Rights of the Custodian. In the event that the Client fails to satisfy in full any of the Secured Liabilities as and when due and payable, the Custodian will have, in addition to all other rights and remedies arising under this Agreement or under applicable Law, the rights and remedies of a secured party under applicable Law. Without prejudice to the Custodian’s other rights and remedies, the Custodian will be entitled, in each case as and to the extent reasonably necessary to satisfy in full the Secured Liabilities and any related transaction expenses, to (a) exercise its right of retention and withhold delivery of any Collateral and otherwise refuse to act on any Proper Instruction relating to such Collateral, (b) sell or otherwise realize any Collateral, and (c) set off the net proceeds of such sale or realization of Collateral and/or the amount of any deposit balances standing to the credit of the Client in any Cash Account(s) against such Secured Liabilities. |
| --- | --- |
Information Classification: Limited Access
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| 23.3 | Exercise of Rights. The Custodian may exercise its rights and remedies against the Collateral in any manner (including by any method, at any time or place, and on any terms) as it deems, in good faith, to be commercially reasonable under the circumstances, and will use commercially reasonable efforts to effect any sale of Collateral at the prevailing market price in the relevant market. Without limiting the foregoing, the Client acknowledges that it will be commercially reasonable for the Custodian to, among other things: (i) accelerate or cause the acceleration of the maturity of any fixed term deposits comprised in the Collateral and (ii) effect any necessary currency conversions through its own trading desk at such exchange rates as it determines in its reasonable discretion, which rates may include a mark-up from the rates the Custodian receives on the interbank market. |
|---|---|
| 23.4 | Notice. The Custodian will use reasonable efforts to give the Client prior notice of any exercise of the right to sell or otherwise realize Collateral set forth above, provided that the Custodian will not be obligated to give prior notice to the Client or delay exercising its rights pending or after the provision of such notice if, in its reasonable judgment, giving such notice or any such delay would prejudice its ability to obtain satisfaction in full of the Secured Liabilities. |
| --- | --- |
| 24 | Confidentiality and Use of Data |
| --- | --- |
| 24.1 | Confidentiality |
| --- | --- |
| 24.1.1 | No Disclosure Without Consent. Subject to Section 24.2 and Section 24.3, Confidential Information will not be disclosed by the Receiving Party to any third party without the prior consent of the Disclosing Party. |
| --- | --- |
| 24.1.2 | No limitations of obligations under Agreement or at Law. Except as expressly contemplated by this Agreement, nothing in this Section 24 will limit the confidentiality and data-protection obligations of the Custodian and its Affiliates under this Agreement and Law applicable to the Custodian. |
| --- | --- |
| 24.2 | Use of Confidential Information and Data |
| --- | --- |
| 24.2.1 | Use of Confidential Information and Data generally. Subject to this Section 24.2 and Section 24.3, all Confidential Information, including Data, will be used by the Receiving Party solely for the purpose of providing or receiving services, as applicable, pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise discharging its obligations under this Agreement. |
| --- | --- |
| 24.2.2 | Use of Data for Indicators. The Custodian and its Affiliates may use Data to develop, publish or otherwise distribute to third parties certain investor behaviour “indicators” or “indices” that represent broad trends in the flow of investment funds into various markets, sectors or investment instruments (collectively, the “Indicators”), but only so long as (i) the Data is combined or aggregated with (A) information relating to other customers of the Custodian and/or (B) information derived from other sources, in each case such that the Indicators do not allow for attribution to or identification of such Data with the Client, (ii) the Data represents less than a statistically meaningful portion of all of the data used to create the Indicators and (iii) the Custodian publishes or otherwise distributes to third parties only the Indicators and under no circumstance publishes, makes available, distributes or otherwise discloses any of the Data to any third party, whether aggregated, anonymized or otherwise, except as expressly permitted under this Agreement |
| --- | --- |
Information Classification: Limited Access
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| 24.2.3 | Economic Benefit from Indicators. The Client acknowledges that the Custodian may seek and realize economic benefit from the publication or distribution of the Indicators. |
|---|---|
| 24.3 | Disclosure of Confidential Information and Data |
| --- | --- |
| 24.3.1 | Disclosure of Confidential Information to Representatives. The Receiving Party may disclose the Disclosing Party's Confidential Information without the Disclosing Party’s consent to its attorneys, accountants, auditors, consultants and other similar advisors that have a reasonable need to know such Confidential Information (“Representatives”), provided such Confidential Information is disclosed under obligations of confidentiality that prohibit the disclosure or use of such Confidential Information by the Representatives for any purpose other than the specific engagement with the Receiving Party for which the Representative has been retained and that are otherwise no less restrictive than the confidentiality obligations contained in this Agreement. The Parties acknowledge that use of Confidential Information by a Representative to represent its other clients in dealing with the Disclosing Party would constitute a breach of this Section 24.3. Where the Custodian is the Receiving Party, “Representatives” will include its Affiliates and Service Providers (as defined below). |
| --- | --- |
| 24.3.2 | Disclosure and Use of Confidential Information by Custodian. The Custodian may disclose and permit use (as applicable) of Confidential Information of the Client without the Client’s consent: |
| --- | --- |
| 24.3.2.1 | to its Affiliates and any of its third-party agents and service providers (“Service Providers”) in connection with the provision of services, the discharge of its obligations under this Agreement or the carrying out of any Proper Instruction, including in accordance with the standard practices or requirements of any Financial Market Utility or in connection with the settlement, holding or administration of Cash, Securities or other instruments; |
| --- | --- |
| 24.3.2.2 | to its Affiliates in connection with the management of the businesses of the Custodian and its Affiliates, including, but not limited to, financial and operational management and reporting, risk management, legal and regulatory compliance and client service management and marketing. |
| --- | --- |
Where possible, such Confidential Information must be disclosed under obligations of confidentiality or in a manner consistent with industry practice.
| 24.3.3 | Confidential Information and Cloud Computing and Storage. Each Party may store Confidential Information with third-party providers of information technology services, and permit access to Confidential Information by such providers as reasonably necessary for the receipt of cloud computing and storage services and related hardware and software maintenance and support. Such Confidential Information must be disclosed under obligations of confidentiality. |
|---|
Information Classification: Limited Access
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| 24.3.4 | Disclosure of Confidential Information to comply with law. The Receiving Party may disclose the Disclosing Party's Confidential Information or portions thereof: (i) to comply with any legal requirement (including in response to court-issued orders, investigative demands, subpoenas or similar processes), (ii) to respond to a request by any governmental or regulatory body with authority over the Disclosing Party, (iii) as required by operation of law or regulation or as required to comply with the requirements of any market infrastructure that the Disclosing Party or its agents direct the Custodian or its Affiliates to employ or which is required in connection with the holding or settlement or instruments included in the assets subject to this Agreement, or (iv) to satisfy the requirements of any applicable regulatory authority. |
|---|---|
| 24.3.5 | Harm of Unauthorized Disclosure of Confidential Information. Each Party acknowledges that the disclosure to any non-authorized third party of Confidential Information or the use of Confidential Information in breach of this Agreement, may immediately give rise to continuing irreparable injury inadequately compensable in damages at law, and in such cases the Receiving Party agrees to waive any defense that an adequate remedy at law is available if the Disclosing Party seeks to obtain injunctive relief against any such breach or any threatened breach. |
| --- | --- |
| 24.3.6 | Responsibility for Representatives. Each Party will be responsible for any use or disclosure of Confidential Information of the Disclosing Party in breach of this Agreement by its Representatives as though such Party had used or disclosed such Confidential Information itself. |
| --- | --- |
| 24.3.7 | No Disclosure to Custodian Asset Manager Division. In no event will the Custodian allow representatives of its asset management division or Affiliates engaged in asset management to have access to or to use Confidential Information of the Client, including Data. |
| --- | --- |
| 25 | Term and Termination |
| --- | --- |
| 25.1 | **Term.**This Agreement will commence on the Effective Date and will continue until terminated in accordance with this Section. |
| --- | --- |
| 25.2 | Termination Rights. |
| --- | --- |
| 25.2.1 | **Prior Notice.**The Parties agree that the Client and the Custodian may each terminate this Agreement by giving not less than 90 days’ prior written notice to the other Party unless a different period is agreed to in writing by the Parties. |
| --- | --- |
| 25.2.2 | Immediate Effect. A Party may terminate this Agreement with immediate effect at any time by written notice to the other Party, if: |
| --- | --- |
| 25.2.2.1 | an Insolvency Event occurs in relation to the other Party; |
| --- | --- |
| 25.2.2.2 | such other Party is the Client and fails to pay any undisputed Fees as and when due and has failed to cure such breach within 30 days of receipt of notice from the Custodian requesting it to do so; or |
| --- | --- |
| 25.2.2.3 | such other Party commits a material breach of an obligation under this Agreement and has failed to cure such breach within 30 days of receipt of notice requesting it to do so. |
| --- | --- |
Information Classification: Limited Access
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If the Custodian terminates this Agreement pursuant to sub-sections 25.2.2.1 or 25.2.2.2, the Custodian will continue to provide the Services for a period of up to 270 days subject to payment in full of any overdue undisputed Fees and prepayment of the Fees reasonably expected to be incurred during such 270-day period, or such other financial assurance reasonably acceptable to the Custodian.
| 25.3 | Actions on Termination. |
|---|---|
| 25.3.1 | Successor Custodian. Upon termination of the Agreement, the Custodian will deliver the Portfolio to the successor custodian designated by the Client in Proper Instructions. |
| --- | --- |
| 25.3.2 | **Remaining Portfolio.**If any part of the Portfolio remains in the possession of the Custodian or its Subcustodians after the date of termination because the Client fails to designate a successor custodian or otherwise, the Custodian may continue to provide the Services to the Client in consideration of the Fees, as if the Agreement had not terminated. If no successor custodian has been appointed on or before the termination of this Agreement, then the Custodian will have the right to deliver to a bank or trust company, which is a “bank” as defined in the 1940 Act, doing business in Boston, Massachusetts, or New York, New York, of its own selection, all Cash and Securities of the Client then held by the Custodian, and to transfer to an account of the bank or trust company all of the Securities of the Client held in any CSD. The transfer will be on such terms as are contained in this Agreement or as the Custodian may otherwise reasonably negotiate with the bank or trust company. Any compensation payable to the bank or trust company, and any cost or expense incurred by the Custodian, in connection with the transfer will be for the account of the Client. |
| --- | --- |
| 25.3.3 | **Payment of Fees.**Upon termination of this Agreement, Fees will become due and payable for the period to the date of such termination, or, if later, to the date at which any part of the Portfolio held by the Custodian has been fully transferred to a successor custodian or to the Client, other than Fees subject to a bona fide good faith dispute. |
| --- | --- |
| 26 | Representations and Warranties |
| --- | --- |
| 26.1 | **Each Party.**Each Party represents and warrants to the other that: (i) it has the power to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement; and (ii) it has duly executed this Agreement by duly authorized persons so as to constitute valid and binding obligations of that Party. |
| --- | --- |
| 26.2 | Client. The Client further represents and warrants to the Custodian that: (i) it is the beneficial owner of the assets comprising the Portfolio or is entitled to deal with the assets comprising the Portfolio under this Agreement as if it were beneficial owner; and (ii) unless otherwise agreed, the Client acts as principal for the purposes of this Agreement and not as agent for another person. |
| --- | --- |
| 26.3 | Custodian. The Custodian further represents and warrants to the Client that: (i) it holds such authorisations and licences as are necessary to lawfully perform its obligations under this Agreement; and (ii) it will seek to maintain such authorisations and licenses for the term of this Agreement. |
| --- | --- |
Information Classification: Limited Access
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| 27 | Record Retention and Audit Rights |
|---|---|
| 27.1 | Records. The Custodian will retain the records it is required to maintain under this Agreement in accordance with the Law applicable to the Custodian. |
| --- | --- |
| 27.2 | Client and Regulator Access. The Custodian will allow the Client and the Client’s regulators or supervisory authorities to perform periodic on-site audits as may be reasonably required to examine the Custodian’s performance of the Services. |
| --- | --- |
| 27.3 | Frequency and Scope. For inspections requested by the Client (such request will include reasonable advance notice) and agreed to by the Custodian, the Custodian reserves the right to impose reasonable limitations on the number, frequency, timing, and scope of such audits. |
| --- | --- |
| 27.4 | Limitations on Disclosure. Nothing contained in this Section will obligate the Custodian to provide access to or otherwise disclose: (i) any information that is unrelated to the Client and the provision of the Services to the Client; (ii) any information that is treated as confidential under the Custodian’s corporate policies, including, without limitation, internal audit reports, compliance or risk management plans or reports, work papers and other reports, and information relating to management functions; or (iii) any other documents, reports, or information that the Custodian is obligated or entitled to maintain in confidence as a matter of law or regulation. In addition, any access provided to technology will be limited to a demonstration by the Custodian of the functionality thereof and a reasonable opportunity to communicate with the Custodian’s personnel regarding such technology. |
| --- | --- |
| 28 | Business Continuity, Internal Controls and Information Security |
| --- | --- |
| 28.1 | Business Continuity Plans. The Custodian will at all times maintain a business contingency plan and a disaster recovery plan and will take commercially reasonable measures to maintain and periodically test such plans. The Custodian will implement such plans following the occurrence of an event which results in an interruption or suspension of the Services to be provided by the Custodian. |
| --- | --- |
| 28.2 | Internal Controls Review and Report. The Custodian will retain a firm of independent auditors to perform an annual review of certain internal controls and procedures employed by the Custodian in the provision of the Services and issue a standard System and Organization Controls 1 or equivalent report based on such review. The Custodian will provide a copy of the report to the Client upon request. |
| --- | --- |
| 28.3 | Information Security Systems and Controls. The Custodian will maintain commercially reasonable information security systems and controls, which include administrative, technical, and physical safeguards that are designed to: (i) maintain the security and confidentiality of the Client’s data; (ii) protect against any anticipated threats or hazards to the security or integrity of the Client’s data, including appropriate measures designed to meet legal and regulatory requirements applying to the Custodian; and (iii) protect against unauthorized access to or use of the Client’s data. |
| --- | --- |
| 28.4 | Virus Detection. The Custodian will at all times employ a current version of one of the leading commercially available virus detection software programs to test the hardware and software applications used by it to deliver the Services for the presence of any computer code designed to disrupt, disable, harm, or otherwise impede operation. |
| --- | --- |
Information Classification: Limited Access
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| 29 | General |
|---|---|
| 29.1 | Services Not Exclusive; Acting in Various Capacities. The Custodian, its Subcustodians and their Affiliates are part of groups of companies and businesses that, in the ordinary course of their business: |
| --- | --- |
29.1.1provide a wide range of financial services to many clients of different kinds;
| 29.1.2 | engage in transactions for their own account (including acting as banker as outlined in Section 4.4 and acting as foreign exchange counterparty as outlined in Section 13) or for the account of other clients; |
|---|
which may result in actual, perceived or potential conflicts between the interests of the Client and the interest of the Custodian, its Subcustodians and their Affiliates or between the interests of clients. The Custodian maintains a conflicts of interest policy, and has implemented procedures and arrangements to identify and manage conflicts of interest.
| 29.2 | Disclosure of Conflicts. In connection with the matters outlined in Section 29.1.1, the Custodian, its Subcustodians and their Affiliates: |
|---|
29.2.1may do business with each client on different contractual or financial terms;
| 29.2.2 | will seek to profit and is entitled to receive and retain profits and compensation in connection with such activities without any obligation to account to the Client for the same; |
|---|
29.2.3may act as principal in its own interests, or as agent for its other clients;
| 29.2.4 | may act or refrain from acting based upon information derived from such activities that is not available to the Client; |
|---|---|
| 29.2.5 | are not under a duty to notify or disclose to the Client any information which comes to their notice as a result of such activities; and |
| --- | --- |
| 29.2.6 | do not have an obligation to consider, act in, or provide information to the Client in respect of, the interests of the Client in connection with such activities, except to the extent (if any) expressly agreed in writing with the Client under the contractual arrangements governing those activities. |
| --- | --- |
The Custodian may (but is not required to) make any disclosure or notification in connection with such activities to the Client via publication on MyStateStreet.com or other notification mechanism.
| 29.3 | Notice. Unless otherwise specified, all notices, requests, demands and other communications under this Agreement (other than routine operational communications), will be in writing and will be taken to have been given: |
|---|---|
| 29.3.1 | when delivered by hand; |
| --- | --- |
| 29.3.2 | on the next Business Day after being sent by e-mail (unless the sender receives an automated message that the e-mail has not been delivered); |
| --- | --- |
| 29.3.3 | on the next Business Day after being sent by overnight courier service for next Business Day delivery; or |
| --- | --- |
| 29.3.4 | on the third Business Day after being sent by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested; |
| --- | --- |
Information Classification: Limited Access
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in each case to the applicable Party at the address or e-mail address specified on Schedule 2, or such other address or e-mail address as a Party may specify by written notice from time to time.
| 29.4 | Waiver. No failure on the part of any Party to exercise, and no delay on its part in exercising, any right or remedy under this Agreement will operate as a waiver, nor will any single or partial exercise of any right or remedy preclude any other or further exercise of that right or remedy, or the exercise of any other right or remedy. |
|---|---|
| 29.5 | Sole Remedy. Subject to the right to seek relief under the specific circumstances expressly permitted in this Agreement, each of the Custodian and the Client agrees that, to the maximum extent permitted by law, a claim for breach of contract under and consistent with the terms of this Agreement will be the sole and exclusive remedy available for any and all matters arising from or in any way relating to this Agreement, the provision of the Services or any conduct (including omissions and alleged conduct) relating to the Agreement or provision of the Services, whether before, during or after the term of this Agreement. Accordingly, to the maximum extent permitted by law, each of the Custodian and the Client, on behalf of itself and its Affiliates, waives any and all other rights and remedies that otherwise would be available to such party in law or equity. |
| --- | --- |
| 29.6 | Assignment and Successors. The terms of this Agreement are binding on the Parties’ representatives, successors and permitted assigns and this Agreement and any rights or obligations under this Agreement may not be assigned or transferred without the prior written consent of the other Party. However, in the event that either Party becomes the subject of an Insolvency Event, then such Party will have the right to assign or transfer its rights and obligations under this Agreement to any entity to which the Party transfers its business and assets (including a bridge bank or similar entity) and the other Party irrevocably consents to such assignment or transfer. |
| --- | --- |
| 29.7 | Entire Agreement. This Agreement is the complete and exclusive agreement of the Parties regarding the Services and supersedes, as of the Effective Date, all prior oral or written agreements, arrangements or understandings between the parties relating to the Services. |
| --- | --- |
| 29.8 | Amendments. This Agreement may be amended by written agreement between the Parties. However, the Custodian may amend this Agreement solely to the extent necessary to comply with applicable Law by giving written notice to the Client of such proposed amendment and the Client will be taken to have consented to the amendment if the Client does not affirmatively object in writing within thirty (30) days. |
| --- | --- |
| 29.9 | Counterparts and Electronic Signatures. This Agreement may be executed in separate counterparts, each of which will be an original, but which together will constitute one and the same agreement. Counterparts may be executed in either original or electronically transmitted form (e.g., faxes or emailed portable document format (PDF) form), and the Parties adopt as original any signatures received in electronically transmitted form. This Agreement may be executed by electronic signature (whatever form the electronic signature takes) and the Parties agree that this method of signature is as conclusive of the intention to be bound by this Agreement as if signed by the Parties’ manuscript signatures. |
| --- | --- |
| 29.10 | Severance. In the event that any part of this Agreement will be determined to be void or unenforceable for any reason, the rest of this Agreement will be unaffected (unless the essential purpose hereof is substantially frustrated by such determination) and will be enforceable in accordance with the rest of its terms as if the void or unenforceable part were not a part of this Agreement. |
| --- | --- |
Information Classification: Limited Access
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| 29.11 | Survival. The provisions of Sections 10 (Tax Withholding and Tax Relief), 17 (Standard of Care and Liability), 20 (Indemnity), 21 (Obligations of the Client-Fees), 23 (Creditors Rights), 24 (Confidentiality and Use of Data) and 25.3 (Actions on Termination) are continuing obligations and will survive termination of this Agreement for any reason. |
|---|---|
| 29.12 | Governing Law and Jurisdiction. This Agreement is governed by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and any disputes which may arise out of, under or in connection with this Agreement will be determined by the exclusive jurisdiction of the Massachusetts courts. |
| --- | --- |
| 29.13 | Reserved. |
| --- | --- |
| 29.14 | Qualified Financial Contracts. In the event that the Client is domiciled and organized outside of the United States, such Client and the Custodian hereby agree to be bound by the terms of the QFC addendum attached hereto as Appendix B. |
| --- | --- |
| 29.15 | The Parties; Additional Clients |
| --- | --- |
| 29.15.1 | **** All references in this Agreement to the “Client” are to each of the client entities listed on Appendix A, individually, as if this Agreement were between the relevant individual Client and the Custodian. Any reference in this Agreement to “the Parties” shall mean the Custodian and the individual Client as to which the matter relates. |
| --- | --- |
| 29.15.2 | If any entity in addition to those listed on Appendix A would like the Custodian to render Services under the terms of this Agreement, the entity may notify the Custodian in writing. If the Custodian agrees in writing to provide the services, Appendix A will be taken to be amended to include such entity as a Client and that entity (together with the Custodian) will be bound by all Sections of this Agreement. |
| --- | --- |
| 30 | Loan Services Addendum |
| --- | --- |
If the Client directs the Custodian in writing to perform loan services, the Custodian and the Client will be bound by the terms of the Loan Services Addendum attached hereto. The Client shall reimburse Custodian for its fees and expenses related thereto as agreed upon from time to time in writing by the Client and the Custodian.
[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]
Information Classification: Limited Access
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| Signed by the Parties: | | |
|---|---|---|
| | | |
| PGIM PRIVATE CREDIT FUND | | |
| | | |
| By: | /s/ Christian J. Kelly | |
| | | |
| Name: | Christian J. Kelly | |
| | | |
| Title: | Principal Financial Officer | |
| | | |
| Date: | | |
| STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY | ||
|---|---|---|
| | | |
| By: | /s/ Fred Willshire | |
| | | |
| Name: | Fred Willshire | |
| | | |
| Title: | Senior Managing Director | |
| | | |
| Date: | 10/28/22 | |
Information Classification: Limited Access
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Schedule 1
Definitions
In this Agreement:
“1940 Act” means the U.S. Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended from time to time.
“Affiliate” means, with respect to any person, any other person Controlling, Controlled by, or under common Control with, such person at the time in question. For these purposes. “Control” and its derivatives “Controlled” and “Controlling” mean, with regard to any person: (i) the legal or beneficial ownership, directly or indirectly, of fifty percent (50%) or more of the issued share capital or capital stock of that person (or other ownership interest, if not a corporation); (ii) the ability to control, directly or indirectly, fifty per cent (50%) or more of the voting power in relation to that person; or (iii) the legal power to direct or cause the direction of the general management and policies of that person, provided that where Control is being determined with respect to a person that is a limited partnership, Control shall be determined by reference to the satisfaction of any of the above tests with respect to the general partner of the limited partnership
“Alternative Assets” means derivatives, real estate, commodities, private placements, loans, infrastructure holdings, private equity holdings, hedge fund holdings or such other assets (i) not typically held in book-entry form and (ii) not typically held in accounts registered in the name of the Custodian or a Subcustodian, in each case as determined by the Custodian.
“Authentication Procedures” means the use of security codes, passwords, tested communications or other authentication procedures as may be agreed upon in writing by Parties from time to time for purposes of enabling the Custodian to verify that purported Proper Instructions have been originated by an Authorized Person, and will include a Funds Transfer and Transaction Origination Policy Agreement.
“Authorized Data Sources” means third party sources of data and information utilized by the Custodian in the provision of the Services, including issuer and issuer group data; security characteristics and classifications; security prices (OTC and exchange traded); ratings (issuer and issue); exchange, interest, discount and coupon rates; corporate action, dividend, income and tax data; benchmark, index, composite and indice related data (including values, constituents, weights and performance); and other reference and market data and information necessary for the performance of the Services.
“Authorized Person” means a person authorized to give Proper Instructions and otherwise act on the Client’s behalf in connection with this Agreement.
“Business Day” means a day on which the Custodian or the relevant Subcustodian is open for business in the market or country in which a transaction or an action by a Party takes place.
“Board” means, in relation to a Client, the board of directors, trustees or other governing body of the Client.
“Cash” means cash in any currency from time to time deposited with the Custodian or Subcustodian under this Agreement.
“Cash Account” has the meaning given to it in Section 4.1.
“Client” means the party named in the preamble. In the case of a trustee or responsible entity signing this agreement in its capacity as trustee or responsible entity of the funds or schemes listed on Appendix A, “Client” means the trustee or responsible entity acting in such capacity. In the case of an investment entity that is structured as a series organization or umbrella scheme, all references in this Agreement
Information Classification: Limited Access
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to the “Client” are to the individual series or scheme (as represented by the trustee or responsible entity), as applicable.
“Client Publications” means the general client publications of the Custodian from time to time available to clients and their investment managers, including the Investment Managers’ Guide, Client Guide, Guide to Custody in World Markets, and FX Client Guide.
“Collateral” has the meaning given to it in Section 23.1.
“Confidential Information” means all information provided by or on behalf of a party (the “Disclosing Party”) to the other party (the “Receiving Party”), or collected by a Receiving Party, under or pursuant to this Agreement that is marked "confidential", "restricted", "proprietary" or with a similar designation, or that the Receiving Party knows or reasonably should know is confidential, proprietary or a trade secret. The terms and conditions of this Agreement (including any related fee schedule or arrangement) and any Fees will be treated as Confidential Information as to which each Party is a Disclosing Party. Confidential Information will not include information that: (i) is publicly available when provided or thereafter becomes publicly available, other than through a breach of this Agreement: (ii) was known to the Receiving Party (without an obligation of confidentiality) prior to its disclosure; (iii) is independently developed by the Receiving Party without the use of other Confidential Information; (iv) is rightfully obtained on a non-confidential basis from a third party source.
“Contractual Settlement” has the meaning given to it in Section 5.2.
“Corporate Actions” means warrant and option exercises, conversions, exchanges and other capital reorganizations, calls, odd lot tenders/credits, bonus rights, subscription offers/rights, puts, maturities of securities, redemptions, mergers, tender or exchange offers, and rights exercises and expirations. Corporate Actions do not include class actions.
“Corporate Actions Deadline Date” has the meaning given to it in Section 6.2.
“Covered Foreign Country” means a country listed on Schedule A, which list of countries may be amended from time to time at the request of any Client and with the agreement of the Foreign Custody Manager.
“CSD” or “Central Securities Depository” means an entity or generally recognised book-entry or other settlement system or clearing house, central clearing counterparty or agency, acting as a local securities depository, central securities depository or international securities depository, the use of which is customary for securities settlement activities in the jurisdiction(s) in which it holds Securities or Cash in connection with this Agreement, and through which the Custodian may transfer, settle, clear, deposit or maintain Securities whether in certificated or uncertificated form and will include any services provided by any network service provider or carriers or settlement banks used by a CSD.
“Data” means any Confidential Information of the Client relating to its holdings, transactions or other information that the Custodian obtains with respect to the Client in connection with the provision of the Services under this Agreement or any other agreement.
“Delegate” means any agent, subcontractor, consultant and other third party, whether affiliated or unaffiliated with the Custodian. The term Delegate does not include Subcustodians, CSDs, Authorized Data Sources, suppliers of information technology or related services, or Financial Market Utilities.
“Effective Date” has the meaning given to it in the preamble.
“Eligible Foreign Custodian” has the meaning set out in Section (a)(1) of Rule 17f-5.
“Eligible Securities Depository” has the meaning set out in section (b)(1) of Rule 17f-7.
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“Fees” means the fees charged by the Custodian in consideration for providing the Services and the costs, expenses and disbursements of the Custodian to be reimbursed by the Client, as agreed between the parties from time to time in a separate written fee schedule, or as otherwise agreed in writing.
“Financial Market Utility” means any multilateral system for transferring, clearing, and settling payments, securities, and other financial transactions among or between financial institutions, including payment systems, central securities depositories, securities settlement systems, central counterparties and trade repositories.
“Force Majeure Event” means any event or circumstances beyond the reasonable control of the Custodian, including nationalization, expropriation, currency restrictions, suspension or disruption of the normal procedures and practices, or disruption of the infrastructure, of any securities market or CSD, interruptions in telecommunications or utilities, acts of war or terrorism, riots, revolution, acts of God or other similar events or acts.
“Foreign Assets” means a Client’s Securities or other investments (including non-U.S. Cash) for which the primary market is outside the United States, and any cash and cash equivalents that are reasonably necessary to effect transactions in those investments.
“Foreign Custody Manager” has the meaning set forth in section (a)(3) of Rule 17f-5.
“Foreign Securities System” means an Eligible Securities Depository listed on Schedule B.
“Indemnified Claim”, “Indemnified Party” and“Indemnifying Party” each have the meaning given to them in Section 20.4.
“Insolvency Event” means the occurrence of any of the following events in relation to any person: (i) the person generally does not pay its debts as such debts become due, or admits in writing its inability to pay its debts generally, or makes a general assignment for the benefit of creditors; or (ii) any proceeding is instituted by or against such person seeking to adjudicate it a bankrupt or insolvent, or seeking liquidation, winding up, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, protection, relief, or composition of it or its debts under any law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization or relief of debtors, or seeking the entry of an order for relief or the appointment of a receiver, trustee, or other similar official for it or for any substantial part of its property and, where any such proceeding is instituted against (but not by) such person, such person does not promptly seek dismissal of such proceeding or its motion or request to dismiss such proceeding is denied (whether or not on an initial, interim or final basis); or (iii) such person proposes or takes any corporate action to authorize any of the preceding actions or anything analogous to the foregoing events occurs in relation to such person under the laws of any jurisdiction.
“Investment Document” means any agreement, subscription, assignment or other document evidencing in physical form an investment of the Client, or providing for the ownership by the Client, in each case that is acceptable to the Custodian. For the avoidance of doubt, it does not include any Security, instrument, certificate, title, agreement or other document that is accompanied by a stock power or instrument of assignment, endorsed to the Custodian or in blank.
“Investment Manager” means each person specified as such by the Client, including its agents and delegates.
“Law” means any statute, ordinance, order, judgment, decree, subordinate legislation, rule or regulation promulgated by any regulatory, administrative or judicial authority or otherwise in force in any jurisdiction, applicable to a Party, that relates to the performance by such Party of the Services or obligations under this Agreement.
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“Local Market Practice” means the customary or established practices, procedures and terms in the jurisdiction or market where a transaction occurs, including the rules and procedures of any exchange or over the counter market and any practical constraints that exist with respect to the exercise of shareholder rights, realisation of entitlements or the sale, exchange, purchase, transfer or delivery of Cash or Securities.
“Losses” means all direct losses, damages, claims, costs, expenses or other liabilities (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and other litigation expenses).
“Market Participant” means any issuer, intermediary, exchange, transaction counterparty or other market participant.
“Off Book Cash” has the meaning given to it in Section 4.2.
“On Book Cash” has the meaning given to it in Section 4.2.
“Parties” means the parties set out at the beginning of this Agreement.
“Portfolio” means the Securities and Cash delivered to and held by the Custodian which comprise the assets of the Client over which the Custodian provides the Services pursuant to this Agreement.
“Proper Instructions” means instructions (which may be standing instructions and which includes any security trade advice) received by the Custodian through an agreed Authentication Procedure in any of the following forms:
| (i) | in writing given by an Authorized Person including a facsimile transmission; |
|---|---|
| (ii) | in an electronic communication as may be agreed upon between the Custodian and the Client in writing from time to time; or |
| --- | --- |
| (i) | by such other means as may be agreed from time to time by the Custodian and the Client . |
| --- | --- |
“Rule 17f-4, Rule 17f-5, and Rule17f-7” means Rule 17f-4, Rule 17f-5 and Rule 17f-7 promulgated under the 1940 Act.
“Schedule” or “Schedules” are all of the schedules referenced herein and attached to this Agreement.
“Secured Liabilities” means all liabilities or obligations owed by the Client to the Custodian or its Affiliates relating to this Agreement, including: (a) the obligations of the Client to the Custodian or its Affiliates in relation to any advance of cash or securities or any other extension of credit for any purpose; (b) the obligations of the Client to compensate the Custodian for the provision of the Services; and (c) the indemnity obligations of the Client to the Custodian under Section 20.
“Securities” means securities and such other similar assets as the Custodian may from time to time accept into custody under this Agreement.
“Securities Account” has the meaning given to it in Section 3.2.
“Services” means the services to be provided by the Custodian to the Client in accordance with this Agreement.
“Special Subcustodian” has the meaning given to it in Section 14.3.
“Subcustodian” means any qualified bank, credit institution, trust company or other entity appointed by the Custodian to perform safekeeping, processing and other elements of the Services, including Affiliates or non-Affiliates of the Custodian.
“Third Party Agent” means any provider of services to the Client (other than the Custodian, a Subcustodian or Delegate under this Agreement) including any Investment Manager, adviser or sub-
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advisor, distributor, broker, dealer, transfer agent, administrator, accounting agent, audit firm, tax firm, or law firm.
“UCC” means the Uniform Commercial Code of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as in effect from time to time.
“U.S.” shall mean the United States of America.
“U.S. CSD” means a CSD authorized by the U.S. Department of the Treasury or a “clearing corporation” as defined in Section 8-102 of the UCC.
Interpretation: Capitalised terms used in this Agreement have the meanings given to them in this Schedule 1 unless otherwise defined. In this Agreement references to “persons” will include legal as well as natural persons or entities, references importing the singular will include the plural (and vice versa), use of the masculine pronoun will include the feminine, use of the terms “include”, “includes” or “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation” and any specific examples given following the use of such terms shall be illustrative and in no way limit the general meaning of the words preceding them and numbered schedules, exhibits or Sections will (unless the contrary intention appears) be construed as references to such schedules and exhibits hereto and Sections herein bearing those numbers and any sub-sections thereof. The schedules and exhibits hereto are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
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Schedule 2
Notices
(Section 29)
| CUSTODIAN: | STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY |
|---|---|
| | |
| Attention: | Senior Vice President – Custody Operations |
| | |
| CC: | Legal Department |
| | |
| Address: | 801 Pennsylvania Avenue, Kansas City, MO 64105 |
| | |
| Telephone No: | (816) 871-4100 |
| | |
| Email: | [•] |
| CLIENT: | PGIM PRIVATE CREDIT FUND |
|---|---|
| | |
| Attention: | Elyse McLaughlin |
| | |
| Address: | 655 Broad Street, 6th Floor, Newark, NJ 07102 |
| | |
| Telephone No: | 732-330-5058 |
| | |
| Email: | Elyse.mclaughlin@pgim.com |
| With a copy to : | |
|---|---|
| | |
| PGIM Investments LLC – Legal Department | |
| | |
| 655 Broad Street, 6th Floor | |
| | |
| Newark, NJ 07102 | |
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Appendix A
List of Client Entities
| | |
|---|---|
| Client Name | Jurisdiction of Formation |
| PGIM Private Credit Fund | Delaware Statutory Trust |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
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Appendix B
QFC Addendum
Opt-In to U.S. Special Resolution Regime. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or any other agreement, the parties hereto expressly acknowledge and agree that:
(a) In the event the Custodian becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, the transfer or assignment of this Agreement (and any interest and obligation in or under, and any property securing, this Agreement) by the Custodian will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement (and any interest and obligation in or under, and any property securing, this Agreement) were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States; and
(b) In the event the Custodian or an Affiliate of the Custodian becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights with respect to this Agreement that may be exercised against the Custodian are permitted to be exercised to no greater extent than the Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement (and any interest and obligation in or under, and any property securing, this Agreement) were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.
Adherence to the ISDA Protocol. At such times as the parties to this Agreement have adhered to the ISDA Protocol and this Agreement is or is deemed modified or amended by the ISDA Protocol, the terms of the ISDA Protocol will supersede the terms of this QFC Addendum as included as part of this Agreement, and in the event of any inconsistency between this QFC Addendum and the ISDA Protocol, the ISDA Protocol will prevail.
Definitions. As used in this QFC Addendum:
“Affiliate” has the meaning given in section 2(k) of the Bank Holding Company Act (12 U.S.C. §1841(k)) and section 225.2(a) of the Federal Reserve Board's Regulation Y (12 CFR § 225.2(a)).
“Default Right” means any:
(i) right of a party, whether contractual or otherwise (including, without limitation, rights incorporated by reference to any other contract, agreement, or document, and rights afforded by statute, civil code, regulation, and common law), to liquidate, terminate, cancel, rescind, or accelerate such agreement or transactions thereunder, set off or net amounts owing in respect thereto (except rights related to same-day payment netting), exercise remedies in respect of collateral or other credit support or property related thereto (including the purchase and sale of property), demand payment or delivery thereunder or in respect thereof (other than a right or operation of a contractual provision arising solely from a change in the value of collateral or margin or a change in the amount of an economic exposure), suspend, delay, or defer payment or performance thereunder, or modify the obligations of a party thereunder, or any similar rights; and
(ii) right or contractual provision that alters the amount of collateral or margin that must be provided with respect to an exposure thereunder, including by altering any initial amount, threshold amount, variation margin, minimum transfer amount, the margin value of collateral, or any similar amount, that entitles a party to demand the return of any collateral or margin transferred by it to the other party or a custodian or that modifies a transferee's right to reuse collateral or margin (if such right previously existed), or any similar rights, in each case, other
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than a right or operation of a contractual provision arising solely from a change in the value of collateral or margin or a change in the amount of an economic exposure.
“ISDA” refers to the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc.
“ISDA Protocol” means the ISDA 2018 U.S. Resolution Stay Protocol as published by ISDA as of July 31, 2018.
“U.S. Special Resolution Regime” means the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. §1811–1835a) and regulations promulgated thereunder and Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (12 U.S.C. § 5381–5394) and regulations promulgated thereunder.
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LOAN SERVICES ADDENDUM TO CUSTODY AGREEMENT
ADDENDUM to that certain Custodian Agreement (the “Custodian Agreement”) dated as of [ ], 2022 by and between each entity identified on Appendix A thereto (the “Company”) and STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY, including its subsidiaries and other affiliates (the “Custodian”).
The following provisions will apply with respect to interests in commercial loans, including loan participations, whether the loans are bilateral or syndicated and whether any obligor is located in or outside of the United States (collectively, “Loans”), made or acquired by the Company on behalf of one or more of its Accounts.
SECTION 1. PAYMENT CUSTODY. If the Company wishes the Custodian to receive payments directly with respect to a Loan for credit to the bank account maintained by the Custodian for the Company under the Custodian Agreement:
(a)the Company will cause the Custodian to be named as the Company’s nominee for payment purposes under the relevant financing documents, e.g., in the case of a syndicated loan, the administrative contact for the agent bank, and otherwise provide for the payment to the Custodian of the payments with respect to the Loan; and
(b)the Custodian will credit to the bank account maintained by the Custodian for the Company under the Custodian Agreement any payment on or in respect of the Loan actually received by the Custodian and identified as relating to the Loan, but with any amount credited being conditional upon clearance and actual receipt by the Custodian of final payment.
SECTION 2. MONITORING. If the Company wishes the Custodian to monitor payments on and forward notices relating to a Loan:
(a)the Company will deliver, or cause to be delivered, to the Custodian a schedule identifying the amount and due dates of the scheduled principal payments, the scheduled interest payment dates and related payment amount information, and such other information with respect to the Loan as the Custodian may reasonably require in order to perform its services hereunder (collectively, “Loan Information”) and in such form and format as the Custodian may reasonably request; and
(b)the Custodian will (i) if the amount of a principal, interest, fee or other payment with respect to the Loan is not received by the Custodian on the date on which the amount is scheduled to be paid as reflected in the Loan Information, provide a report to the Company that the payment has not been received and (ii) if the Custodian receives any consent solicitation, notice of default or similar notice from any syndication agent, lead or obligor on the Loan, undertake reasonable efforts to forward the notice to the Company.
SECTION 3. EXCULPATION OF THE CUSTODIAN.
(a)*Payment Custody and Monitoring.*The Custodian will have no liability for any delay or failure by the Company or any third party in providing Loan Information to the Custodian or for any inaccuracy or incompleteness of any Loan Information. The Custodian will have no obligation to verify, investigate, recalculate, update or otherwise confirm the accuracy or completeness of any Loan Information or other information or notices received by the Custodian in respect of the Loan. The Custodian will be entitled to (i) rely upon the Loan Information provided to it by or on behalf of the Company or any other information or notices that the Custodian may receive from time to time from any syndication agent, lead or obligor or any similar party with respect to the Loan and (ii) update its records on the basis of such information or notices as may from time to time be received by the Custodian.
(b)Any Service. The Custodian will have no obligation to (i) determine whether any necessary steps have been taken or requirements have been met for the Company to have acquired good or record title to a Loan, (ii) ensure that the Company’s acquisition of the Loan has been authorized by the Company, (iii) collect past due payments on the Loan, preserve any rights against prior parties, exercise any right or perform any obligation in connection with the Loan (including taking any action in connection with any consent solicitation, notice of default or similar notice received from any syndication agent, lead or obligor on the Loan) or otherwise take any other action to enforce the payment obligations of any obligor
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on the Loan, (iv) become itself the record title holder of the Loan or (v) make any advance of its own funds with respect to the Loan.
(c)Miscellaneous. The Custodian will not be considered to have been or be charged with knowledge of the sale of a Loan by the Company, unless and except to the extent that the Custodian shall have received written notice of the sale from the Company and the proceeds of the sale have been received by the Custodian for credit to the bank account maintained by the Custodian for the Company under the Custodian Agreement. If any question arises as to the Custodian’s duties under this Addendum, the Custodian may request instructions from the Company and will be entitled at all times to refrain from taking any action unless it has received Proper Instructions from the Company. The Custodian will in all events have no liability, risk or cost for any action taken or omitted with respect to the Loan pursuant to Proper Instructions. The Custodian will have no responsibilities or duties whatsoever with respect to the Loan except as are expressly set forth in this Addendum.
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Exhibit 10.16
ADMINISTRATION AGREEMENT
This Administration Agreement (“Agreement”) dated and effective as of November 7, 2022, is by and between STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY, a Massachusetts trust company (the “Administrator”), and PGIM PRIVATE CREDIT FUND, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Fund”).
WHEREAS, the Fund is a closed-end management investment company that has elected (or will elect) to be regulated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), has filed a registration statement on Form N-2 (the “Registration Statement”) with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) to register and publicly offer its common shares under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “1933 Act”), as amended, and has filed (or will file) a registration statement on Form 8-A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”) to register its common shares under the 1934 Act; and
WHEREAS, the Fund desires to retain the Administrator to furnish certain administrative services to the Fund, and the Administrator is willing to furnish such services, on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and mutual covenants herein contained, the parties hereto agree as follows:
**1.**APPOINTMENT OF ADMINISTRATOR
The Fund hereby appoints the Administrator to act as administrator with respect to the Fund for purposes of providing certain administrative services for the period and on the terms set forth in this Agreement. The Administrator accepts such appointment and agrees to render the services stated herein.
**2.**DELIVERY OF DOCUMENTS
The Fund will promptly deliver to the Administrator copies of each of the following documents with respect to the Fund and all future amendments and supplements, if any:
a.The Fund’s Declaration of Trust and By-laws (“Governing Documents”);
| b. | The Fund’s effective Registration Statement under the 1933 Act, when available, and all amendments and supplements thereto as in effect from time to time; |
|---|---|
| c. | Copies of the resolutions of the Board of Trustees of the Fund (the “Board”) certified by the Fund’s Secretary authorizing (1) the Fund to enter into this Agreement and (2) certain individuals on behalf of the Fund to (a) give instructions to the Administrator pursuant to this Agreement and (b) sign checks and pay expenses; |
| --- | --- |
| d. | Such other certificates, documents or opinions which the Administrator may, in its reasonable discretion, deem necessary or appropriate in the proper performance of its duties. |
| --- | --- |
| 3. | REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE ADMINISTRATOR |
| --- | --- |
The Administrator represents and warrants to the Fund that:
| a. | It is a Massachusetts trust company, duly organized and existing under the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts; |
|---|---|
| b. | It has the requisite power and authority to carry on its business in The Commonwealth of Massachusetts; |
| --- | --- |
| c. | All requisite corporate proceedings have been taken to authorize it to enter into and perform this Agreement; |
| --- | --- |
| d. | No legal or administrative proceedings have been instituted or threatened which would materially impair the Administrator’s ability to perform its duties and obligations under this Agreement; and |
| --- | --- |
| e. | Its entrance into this Agreement shall not cause a material breach or be in material conflict with any other agreement or obligation of the Administrator or any law or regulation applicable to it. |
| --- | --- |
**4.**REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE FUND
The Fund represents and warrants to the Administrator that:
| a. | It is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of formation, organization or incorporation, as applicable; |
|---|---|
| b. | It has the requisite power and authority under applicable laws and by its Declaration of Trust and By-laws to enter into and perform this Agreement; |
| --- | --- |
| c. | All requisite proceedings have been taken to authorize it to enter into and perform this Agreement; |
| --- | --- |
| d. | It has elected, or will elect, to be regulated as a business development company under the 1940 Act and it has elected, or will elect, to be treated for federal income tax purposes, and intends to qualify annually thereafter, as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”); |
| --- | --- |
| e. | The Registration Statement has been or will be filed by the Fund and is or will become effective and, once effective, will remain in effect, or will be replaced by a |
| --- | --- |
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new registration statement covering the Fund’s common shares, during the term of this Agreement;
| f. | As of the effective date of this Agreement, all necessary filings under the securities laws of the states in which the Fund offers or sells its shares have been made; and |
|---|---|
| g. | As of the close of business on the date of this Agreement, the Fund is authorized to issue shares of beneficial interest. |
| --- | --- |
| h. | No legal or administrative proceedings have been instituted or threatened which would impair the Fund’s ability to perform its duties and obligations under this Agreement; |
| --- | --- |
| i. | Its entrance into this Agreement will not cause a material breach or be in material conflict with any other agreement or obligation of the Fund or any law or regulation applicable to it; and |
| --- | --- |
| j. | Where information provided by the Fund or the Fund’s Investors includes Personal Information (as defined in Section 20 below), the Fund represents and warrants that it has obtained all consents and approvals, as required by all applicable laws, regulations, by-laws and ordinances that regulate the collection, processing, use or disclosure of Personal Information, necessary to disclose such Personal Information to the Administrator, and as required for the Administrator to use and disclose such Personal Information in connection with the performance of the services hereunder. The Fund acknowledges that the Administrator may perform any of the services, and may use and disclose Personal Information outside of the jurisdiction in which it was initially collected by the Fund, including the United States, and that information relating to the Fund (including Personal Information), to the extent necessary to perform the services under this agreement and otherwise as required by law or regulation, may be accessed by national security authorities, law enforcement and courts. The Administrator shall be kept indemnified by and be without liability to the Fund for any action taken or omitted by it in reliance upon this representation and warranty, including without limitation, any liability or costs in connection with claims or complaints for failure to comply with any applicable law that regulates the collection, processing, use or disclosure of Personal Information. |
| --- | --- |
| 5. | ADMINISTRATION SERVICES |
| --- | --- |
The Administrator shall provide the services as listed on Schedule A, subject to the authorization and direction of the Fund and, in each case where appropriate, the review and comment by the Fund’s independent accountants and legal counsel and in accordance with procedures which may be established from time to time between the Fund and the Administrator.
The Administrator shall perform such other services for the Fund that are mutually agreed to in writing by the Administrator and Fund from time to time, for which the Fund will
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pay such fees as may be mutually agreed upon, in writing, from time to time, including the Administrator’s reasonable out-of-pocket expenses. The provision of such services shall be subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement.
The Administrator shall provide, at its expense, unless otherwise agreed in a fee schedule, the office facilities and the personnel determined by it to perform the services contemplated herein.
| 6. | COMPENSATION OF ADMINISTRATOR; EXPENSE REIMBURSEMENT; FUND EXPENSES |
|---|
The Administrator shall be entitled to reasonable compensation for its services and expenses, as agreed upon from time to time in writing between the Fund and the Administrator.
The Fund agrees promptly to reimburse the Administrator for any equipment and supplies specially ordered by or for the Fund through the Administrator and for any other expenses not contemplated by this Agreement that the Administrator may incur on the Fund’s behalf or at the Fund’s request or with the Fund’s consent.
The Fund acknowledges and agrees that the Fund will bear all expenses that are incurred in the operation of the Fund and not specifically assumed by the Administrator. For the avoidance of doubt, Fund expenses not assumed by the Administrator include, but are not limited to: organizational expenses; cost of services of independent accountants and outside legal and tax counsel (including such counsel’s review of the Registration Statement, Form 8-K, Form 10-K, Form 10-Q, proxy materials, federal and state tax qualification as a regulated investment company and other notices, registrations, reports, filings and materials prepared by the Administrator under this Agreement); cost of any services contracted for by the Fund directly from parties other than the Administrator; cost of trading operations and brokerage fees, commissions and transfer taxes in connection with the purchase and sale of securities for the Fund; investment management fees; taxes, insurance premiums and other fees and expenses applicable to its operation; costs incidental to any meetings of shareholders including, but not limited to, legal and accounting fees, proxy filing fees and the costs of preparation (e.g., typesetting, XBRL-tagging, page changes and all other print vendor and EDGAR charges, collectively referred to herein as “Preparation”), printing, distribution and mailing of any proxy materials; costs incidental to Board meetings, including fees and expenses of Board members; the salary and expenses of any officer, director/trustee or employee of the Fund; costs of Preparation, printing, distribution and mailing, as applicable, of the Fund’s Registration Statements and any amendments and supplements thereto and shareholder reports; cost of Preparation and filing of the Fund’s tax returns, Registration Statement, Form 8-K, Form 10-K, Form 10-Q and proxy materials and all notices, registrations and amendments associated with applicable federal and state tax and securities laws; all applicable registration fees and filing fees required under federal and state securities laws; the cost of fidelity bond and D&O/E&O liability insurance; and the cost of independent pricing services used in computing the Fund(s)’ net asset value.
**7.**INSTRUCTIONS AND ADVICE
At any time, the Administrator may apply to any officer of the Fund or his or her designee for instructions or the independent accountants for the Fund, with respect to any matter arising in
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connection with the services to be performed by the Administrator under this Agreement. The Administrator shall be entitled to rely on and may act upon advice of counsel (who may be counsel for the Fund) on all matters, and shall be without liability for any action reasonably taken or omitted pursuant to such advice.
The Administrator shall not be liable, and shall be indemnified by the Fund, for any action taken or omitted by it in good faith in reliance upon any such instructions or advice or upon any paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed by the proper person or persons. The Administrator shall not be held to have notice of any change of authority of any person until receipt of written notice thereof from the Fund. Nothing in this section shall be construed as imposing upon the Administrator any obligation to seek such instructions or advice, or to act in accordance with such advice when received.
**8.**LIMITATION OF LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION
The Administrator shall be responsible for the performance only of such duties as are set forth in this Agreement and, except as otherwise provided under Section 14, shall have no responsibility for the actions or activities of any other party, including other service providers. The Administrator shall have no liability in respect of any loss, damage or expense suffered by the Fund insofar as such loss, damage or expense arises from the performance of the Administrator’s duties hereunder in reliance upon records that were maintained for the Fund by entities other than the Administrator prior to the Administrator’s appointment as administrator for the Fund. The Administrator shall have no liability for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss or damage resulting from the performance or nonperformance of its duties hereunder except to the extent solely caused by or resulting from the negligence, fraud, or willful misconduct of the Administrator, its officers or employees. The Administrator shall not be liable for any special, indirect, incidental, punitive or consequential damages, including lost profits, of any kind whatsoever (including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees) under any provision of this Agreement or for any such damages arising out of any act or failure to act hereunder, each of which is hereby excluded by agreement of the parties regardless of whether such damages were foreseeable or whether either party or any entity had been advised of the possibility of such damages. In any event, the Administrator’s cumulative liability for each calendar year (a “Liability Period”) with respect to the services performed under this Agreement regardless of the form of action or legal theory shall be limited to its total annual compensation earned and fees payable hereunder during the preceding Compensation Period, as defined herein, for any liability or loss suffered by the Fund. “Compensation Period” shall mean the calendar year ending immediately prior to each Liability Period in which the event(s) giving rise to the Administrator’s liability for that period have occurred. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Compensation Period for purposes of calculating the annual cumulative liability of the Administrator for the Liability Period commencing on the date of this Agreement and terminating on December 31, 2022 shall be the date of this Agreement through December 31, 2022, calculated on an annualized basis, and the Compensation Period for the Liability Period commencing January 1, 2023 and terminating on December 31, 2023 shall be the date of this Agreement through December 31, 2022, calculated on an annualized basis.
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The Administrator shall not be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in performance of its obligations under this Agreement arising out of or caused, directly or indirectly, by circumstances beyond its control, including without limitation, work stoppage, power or other mechanical failure, computer virus, natural disaster, governmental action or communication disruption.
The Fund shall indemnify and hold the Administrator and its directors, officers, employees and agents harmless from all loss, cost, damage and expense, including reasonable fees and expenses for counsel, incurred by the Administrator resulting from any claim, demand, action or suit in connection with the Administrator’s acceptance of this Agreement, any action or omission by it in the performance of its duties hereunder, or as a result of acting upon any instructions reasonably believed by it to have been duly authorized by the Fund or upon reasonable reliance on information or records given or made by the Fund or the Fund’s investment manager, provided that this indemnification shall not apply to actions or omissions of the Administrator, its officers or employees in cases of its or their own fraud, negligence, or willful misconduct.
The limitation of liability and indemnification contained herein shall survive the termination of this Agreement.
**9.**CONFIDENTIALITY AND USE OF DATA
9.1****Confidentiality
9.1.1Subject to Section 9.2 and Section 9.3, Confidential Information will not be disclosed by the Receiving Party to any third party without the prior consent of the Disclosing Party.
9.1.2Except as expressly contemplated by this Agreement, nothing in this Section 9 will limit the confidentiality and data-protection obligations of the Administrator and its Affiliates under this Agreement and Law applicable to the Administrator.
9.2****Use of Confidential Information and Data
9.2.1Subject to this Section 9.2 and Section 9.3, all Confidential Information, including Data, will be used by the Receiving Party solely for the purpose of providing or receiving services, as applicable, pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise discharging its obligations under this Agreement.
9.2.2The Administrator and its Affiliates may use Data to develop, publish or otherwise distribute to third parties certain investor behaviour “indicators” or “indices” that represent broad trends in the flow of investment funds into various markets, sectors or investment instruments (collectively, the “Indicators”), but only so long as (i) the Data is combined or aggregated with (A) information relating to other customers of the Administrator and/or (B) information derived from other sources, in each case such that the Indicators do not allow for attribution to or identification of such Data with the Fund, (ii) the Data represents less than a statistically meaningful portion of all of the data used to create the Indicators and (iii) the
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Administrator publishes or otherwise distributes to third parties only the Indicators and under no circumstance publishes, makes available, distributes or otherwise discloses any of the Data to any third party, whether aggregated, anonymized or otherwise, except as expressly permitted under this Agreement.
9.2.3The Fund acknowledges that the Administrator may seek and realize economic benefit from the publication or distribution of the Indicators.
9.3****Disclosure of Confidential Information and Data
9.3.1The Receiving Party may disclose the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information without the Disclosing Party’s consent to its attorneys, accountants, auditors, consultants and other similar advisors that have a reasonable need to know such Confidential Information (“Representatives”), provided such Confidential Information is disclosed under obligations of confidentiality that prohibit the disclosure or use of such Confidential Information by the Representatives for any purpose other than the specific engagement with the Receiving Party for which the Representative has been retained and that are otherwise no less restrictive than the confidentiality obligations contained in this Agreement. The Parties acknowledge that use of Confidential Information by a Representative to represent its other clients in dealing with the Disclosing Party would constitute a breach of this Section 24.3. Where the Administrator is the Receiving Party, “Representatives” will include its Affiliates and Service Providers (as defined below).
9.3.2The Administrator may disclose and permit use (as applicable) of Confidential Information of the Fund without the Fund’s consent:
| 9.3.2.1 | to its Affiliates and any of its third-party agents and service providers (“Service Providers”) in connection with the provision of services, the discharge of its obligations under this Agreement or the carrying out of any Proper Instruction, including in accordance with the standard practices or requirements of any Financial Market Utility or in connection with the settlement, holding or administration of Cash, Securities or other instruments; |
|---|---|
| 9.3.2.2 | to its Affiliates in connection with the management of the businesses of the Administrator and its Affiliates, including, but not limited to, financial and operational management and reporting, risk management, legal and regulatory compliance and client service management and marketing. |
| --- | --- |
Where possible, such Confidential Information must be disclosed under obligations of confidentiality or in a manner consistent with industry practice.
9.3.3Each Party may store Confidential Information with third-party providers of information technology services, and permit access to Confidential Information by such providers as reasonably necessary for the receipt of cloud computing and storage services and
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related hardware and software maintenance and support. Such Confidential Information must be disclosed under obligations of confidentiality.
9.3.4The Receiving Party may disclose the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information or portions thereof: (i) to comply with any legal requirement (including in response to court-issued orders, investigative demands, subpoenas or similar processes), (ii) to respond to a request by any governmental or regulatory body with authority over the Disclosing Party, (iii) as required by operation of law or regulation or as required to comply with the requirements of any market infrastructure that the Disclosing Party or its agents direct the Administrator or its Affiliates to employ or which is required in connection with the holding or settlement or instruments included in the assets subject to this Agreement, or (iv) to satisfy the requirements of any applicable regulatory authority.
9.3.5Each party acknowledges that the disclosure to any non-authorized third party of Confidential Information or the use of Confidential Information in breach of this Agreement, may immediately give rise to continuing irreparable injury inadequately compensable in damages at law, and in such cases the Receiving Party agrees to waive any defense that an adequate remedy at law is available if the Disclosing Party seeks to obtain injunctive relief against any such breach or any threatened breach.
9.3.6Each party will be responsible for any use or disclosure of Confidential Information of the Disclosing Party in breach of this Agreement by its Representatives as though such party had used or disclosed such Confidential Information itself
9.3.7In no event will the Administrator allow representatives of its asset management division or Affiliates engaged in asset management to have access to or to use Confidential Information of the Fund, including Data.
9.4****Definitions
9.4.1For purposes of this Section 9, “Confidential Information” means all information provided by or on behalf of a party (the “Disclosing Party”) to the other party (the “Receiving Party”), or collected by a Receiving Party, under or pursuant to this Agreement that is marked “confidential”, “restricted”, “proprietary” or with a similar designation, or that the Receiving Party knows or reasonably should know is confidential, proprietary or a trade secret. The terms and conditions of this Agreement (including any related fee schedule or arrangement) and any Fees will be treated as Confidential Information as to which each party is a Disclosing Party. Confidential Information will not include information that: (i) is publicly available when provided or thereafter becomes publicly available, other than through a breach of this Agreement: (ii) was known to the Receiving Party (without an obligation of confidentiality) prior to its disclosure; (iii) is independently developed by the Receiving Party without the use of other Confidential Information; (iv) is rightfully obtained on a non-confidential basis from a third-party source.
9.4.2For purposes of this Section 9, “Affiliate” means, with respect to any person, any other person Controlling, Controlled by, or under common Control with, such person at the time
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in question. For these purposes. “Control” and its derivatives “Controlled” and “Controlling” mean, with regard to any person: (i) the legal or beneficial ownership, directly or indirectly, of fifty percent (50%) or more of the issued share capital or capital stock of that person (or other ownership interest, if not a corporation); (ii) the ability to control, directly or indirectly, fifty per cent (50%) or more of the voting power in relation to that person; or (iii) the legal power to direct or cause the direction of the general management and policies of that person, provided that where Control is being determined with respect to a person that is a limited partnership, Control shall be determined by reference to the satisfaction of any of the above tests with respect to the general partner of the limited partnership.
9.4.3For purposes of this Section 9, “Data” means any Confidential Information of the Fund relating to its holdings, transactions or other information that the Administrator obtains with respect to the Fund or a fund in connection with the provision of services under this Agreement or any other agreement.
9.5****Survival. The provisions of this Section 9 (Confidentiality and Use of Data) are continuing obligations and will survive termination of this Agreement for any reason.
**10.**RESERVED
**11.**COMPLIANCE WITH GOVERNMENTAL RULES AND REGULATIONS; RECORDS
The Fund assumes full responsibility for complying with all securities, tax, commodities and other laws, rules and regulations applicable to it.
In compliance with the requirements of Rule 31a-3 under the 1940 Act, the Administrator agrees that all records which it maintains for the Fund shall at all times remain the property of the Fund, shall be readily accessible during normal business hours, and shall be promptly surrendered upon the termination of the Agreement or otherwise on written request except as otherwise provided in Section 13. The Administrator further agrees that all records that it maintains for the Fund pursuant to Rule 31a-1 under the 1940 Act will be preserved for the periods prescribed by Rule 31a-2 under the 1940 Act unless any such records are earlier surrendered as provided above. Records may be surrendered in either written or machine-readable form, at the option of the Administrator. In the event that the Administrator is requested or authorized by the Fund, or required by subpoena, administrative order, court order or other legal process, applicable law or regulation, or required in connection with any investigation, examination or inspection of the Fund by state or federal regulatory agencies, to produce the records of the Fund or the Administrator’s personnel as witnesses or deponents, the Fund agrees to pay the Administrator for the Administrator’s time and expenses, as well as the fees and expenses of the Administrator’s counsel incurred in such production.
**12.**SERVICES NOT EXCLUSIVE
The services of the Administrator are not to be deemed exclusive, and the Administrator shall be free to render similar services to others. The Administrator shall be deemed to be an independent contractor and shall, unless otherwise expressly provided herein or authorized by the
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Fund from time to time, have no authority to act or represent the Fund in any way or otherwise be deemed an agent of the Fund.
**13.**EFFECTIVE PERIOD AND TERMINATION
This Agreement shall remain in full force and effect for an initial term ending November 4, 2025 (the “Initial Term”). After the expiration of the Initial Term, this Agreement shall automatically renew for successive one-year terms (each, a “Renewal Term”) unless a written notice of non-renewal is delivered by the non-renewing party no later than ninety (90) days prior to the expiration of the Initial Term or any Renewal Term, as the case may be. During the Initial Term and thereafter, either party may terminate this Agreement: (i) in the event of the other party’s material breach of a material provision of this Agreement that the other party has either (a) failed to cure or (b) failed to establish a remedial plan to cure that is reasonably acceptable, within 60 days’ written notice of such breach, or (ii) in the event of the appointment of a conservator or receiver for the other party or upon the happening of a like event to the other party at the direction of an appropriate agency or court of competent jurisdiction. Upon termination of this Agreement pursuant to this paragraph, the Fund shall pay the Administrator its compensation due and shall reimburse the Administrator for its costs, expenses and disbursements.
In the event of: (i) the Fund’s termination of this Agreement for any reason other than as set forth in the immediately preceding paragraph or (ii) a transaction not in the ordinary course of business pursuant to which the Administrator is not retained to continue providing services hereunder to any Fund (or its respective successor), the Fund shall pay the Administrator its compensation due through the end of the then-current term (based upon the average monthly compensation previously earned by Administrator with respect to the Fund) and shall reimburse the Administrator for its costs, expenses and disbursements. Upon receipt of such payment and reimbursement, the Administrator will deliver the Fund’s records as set forth herein. For the avoidance of doubt, no payment will be required pursuant to clause (ii) of this paragraph in the event of any transaction such (a) the liquidation or dissolution of the Fund and distribution of the Fund’s assets as a result of the Board’s determination in its reasonable business judgment that the Fund is no longer viable (b) a merger of the Fund into, or the consolidation of the Fund with, another entity, or (c) the sale by the Fund of all, or substantially all, of the Fund’s assets to another entity, in each of (b) and (c) where the Administrator is retained to continue providing services to the Fund (or its respective successor) on substantially the same terms as this Agreement.
**14.**DELEGATION
(a)The Administrator shall have the right, without the consent or approval of the Fund, to employ agents, subcontractors, consultants and other third parties, whether affiliated or unaffiliated, to provide or assist it in the provision of any part of the services stated herein other than services required by applicable law to be performed by the Administrator (each, a “Delegate” and collectively, the “Delegates”), without the consent or approval of the Fund. The Administrator shall be responsible for the services delivered by, and the acts and omissions of, any such Delegate as if the Administrator had provided such services and committed such acts and omissions itself. Unless otherwise agreed in a fee schedule, the Administrator shall be responsible for the compensation of its Delegates.
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(b)The Administrator will provide the Fund with information regarding its global operating model for the delivery of the services on a quarterly or other periodic basis, which information shall include the identities of Delegates affiliated with the Administrator that perform or may perform parts of the services, and the locations from which such Delegates perform services, as well as such other information about its Delegates as the Fund may reasonably request from time to time.
(c)Nothing in this Section 14 shall limit or restrict the Administrator’s right to use affiliates or third parties to perform or discharge, or assist it in the performance or discharge, of any obligations or duties under this Agreement other than the provision of the services.
**15.**INTERPRETIVE AND ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS
In connection with the operation of the Agreement, the Administrator and the Fund may from time to time agree on such provisions interpretive of or in addition to the provisions of this Agreement as may in their joint opinion be consistent with the general tenor of this Agreement. Any such interpretive or additional provisions shall be in a writing signed by all parties, provided that no such interpretive or additional provisions shall contravene any applicable laws or regulations or any provision of the Fund’s Governing Documents. No interpretive or additional provisions made as provided in the preceding sentence shall be deemed to be an amendment of the Agreement.
**16.**NOTICES
Any notice, instruction or other instrument required to be given hereunder will be in writing and may be sent by hand, or by facsimile transmission, or overnight delivery by any recognized delivery service, to the parties at the following address or such other address as may be notified by any party from time to time:
If to the Fund:
PGIM PRIVATE CREDIT FUND
655 Broad Street,
Newark, NJ 07102-4410
Attn: Claudia DiGiacomo, Esq.
Telephone: (973) 802-5032
Email: Claudia.digiacomo@prudential.com
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If to the Administrator:
STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY
State Street Financial Center
One Lincoln Street
Boston, MA 02111-2900
Attention: James Smith, Managing Director
Telephone: (617) 662-4938
with a copy to:
STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY
Legal Division – Global Services Americas
One Lincoln Street
Boston, MA 02110
Attention: Senior Vice President and Senior Managing Counsel
**17.**AMENDMENT
This Agreement may be amended at any time in writing by mutual agreement of the parties hereto.
**18.**ASSIGNMENT
The terms of this Agreement are binding on the parties’ representatives, successors and permitted assigns, and any rights or obligations under this Agreement may not be assigned or transferred by a party without the prior written consent of the other party. However, in the event that either party becomes insolvent or otherwise subject to a bankruptcy, receivership, conservatorship, administration or equivalent, then such party will have the right to transfer its rights and obligations under this Agreement to any entity to which the party transfers its business and assets and the other party irrevocably consents to such transfer.
**19.**SUCCESSORS
This Agreement shall be binding on and shall inure to the benefit of the Fund and the Administrator and their respective successors and permitted assigns.
**20.**DATA PROTECTION
The Administrator shall implement and maintain a comprehensive written information security program that contains appropriate security measures to safeguard the personal information of the Fund’s shareholders, employees, directors and/or officers that the Administrator receives, stores, maintains, processes or otherwise accesses in connection with the provision of services hereunder. For these purposes, “personal information” shall mean (i) an individual’s name (first initial and last name or first name and last name), address or telephone number plus (a) social security number, (b) driver’s license number, (c) state identification card number, (d) debit or
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credit card number, (e) financial account number or (f) personal identification number or password that would permit access to a person’s account or (ii) any combination of the foregoing that would allow a person to log onto or access an individual’s account. Notwithstanding the foregoing “personal information” shall not include information that is lawfully obtained from publicly available information, or from federal, state or local government records lawfully made available to the general public.
**21.**INTERNAL CONTROLS REVIEW AND REPORT
The Administrator will retain a firm of independent auditors to perform an annual review of certain internal controls and procedures employed by the Administrator in provision of the services hereunder and issue a standard Systems and Organizational Controls 1 Report or equivalent report based on such review. The Administrator will provide a copy of the report to the Fund upon request.
**22.**ENTIRE AGREEMENT
This Agreement contains the entire understanding between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes and terminates, as of the date hereof, all previous representations, warranties or commitments regarding the services to be performed hereunder whether oral or in writing.
**23.**WAIVER
The failure of a party hereto to insist upon strict adherence to any term of this Agreement on any occasion shall not be considered a waiver nor shall it deprive such party of the right thereafter to insist upon strict adherence to that term or any term of this Agreement or the failure of a party hereto to exercise or any delay in exercising any right or remedy under this Agreement shall not constitute a waiver of any such term, right or remedy or a waiver of any other rights or remedies, and no single or partial exercise of any right or remedy under this Agreement shall prevent any further exercise of the right or remedy or the exercise or any other right or remedy. Any waiver must be in writing signed by the waiving party.
**24.**SEVERABILITY
If any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall be held to be invalid, unlawful or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired.
**25.**GOVERNING LAW
This Agreement shall be construed and the provisions thereof interpreted under and in accordance with the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, without regard to its conflicts of laws rules.
**26.**REPRODUCTION OF DOCUMENTS
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This Agreement and all schedules, exhibits, attachments and amendments hereto may be reproduced by any photographic, xerographic, photostatic, microfilm, micro-card, miniature photographic or other similar process. The parties hereto all/each agree that any such reproduction shall be admissible in evidence as the original itself in any judicial or administrative proceeding, whether or not the original is in existence and whether or not such reproduction was made by a party in the regular course of business, and that any enlargement, facsimile or further reproduction of such reproduction shall likewise be admissible in evidence.
**27.**COUNTERPARTS
This Agreement may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, and all such counterparts taken together shall constitute one and the same Agreement. Counterparts may be executed in either original or electronically transmitted form (e.g., faxes or emailed portable document format (PDF) form), and the parties hereby adopt as original any signatures received via electronically transmitted form.
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank.]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed by their officers designated below as of the date first written above.
PGIM PRIVATE CREDIT FUND
| By: | /s/ Christian J. Kelly | |
|---|---|---|
| Name: | Christian Kelly | |
| Title: | Principal Financial Officer | |
STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY
| By: | /s/ James F. Smith | |
|---|---|---|
| Name: | James F. Smith | |
| Title: | | |
ADMINISTRATION AGREEMENT
SCHEDULE A
LIST OF SERVICES
| 1. | Accounting Services as described in Schedule A1 attached hereto; |
|---|---|
| 2. | Treasury Services as described in Schedule A2 attached hereto; |
| --- | --- |
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Schedule A1
Accounting Services
| a. | Coordinate the annual audit and quarterly reviews of the Fund’s financial statements by the Fund’s independent accountants, including the preparation of supporting audit work papers and other schedules. |
|---|---|
| b. | Assist with the valuation of the Fund’s portfolio securities, as reasonably requested by the Fund’s investment adviser and agreed to by the Administrator, utilizing prices obtained from sources designated by the Fund in a pricing authorization matrix to be provided to the Administrator in connection with the valuation policies and procedures adopted by the Board. |
| --- | --- |
| c. | Provide sub-certificates in connection with the certification requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 with respect to the services provided by the Administrator and, as reasonably requested by the Fund’s investment adviser and agreed to by the Administrator, prepare internal controls documentation relating to activities performed by the Administrator and coordinate compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 with the Fund’s independent accountants. |
| --- | --- |
| d. | Provide periodic certifications and reasonable documentation to the Chief Compliance Officer of the Fund in connection with Rule 38a-1 of the 1940 Act. |
| --- | --- |
| e. | Maintain certain books and records of the Fund as required under Rule 31a-1(b) of the 1940 Act, as may be mutually agreed upon. |
| --- | --- |
| f. | Consult with the Fund’s officers, independent accountants, legal counsel, custodian, fund accountant, distributor, and transfer agent to the extent requested by the Fund in connection with the Fund’s establishment of the accounting policies of the Fund. |
| --- | --- |
| g. | Process trade files transmitted by the Fund on trade-date +1, subject to timely receipt by Administrator of necessary information. The trade files from the Fund will include security identifier, quantity, price, and other pertinent information required to process each trade. |
| --- | --- |
| h. | Calculate final month-end Net Asset Value (“NAV”), including supporting schedules and trial balances, for the Fund, timing of delivery to be agreed upon by the Fund and Administrator and subject to the timely receipt by Administrator of necessary information from third parties. |
| --- | --- |
| i. | Reconcile the Fund’s cash, loan investments and securities holdings (as applicable) with the records of the Fund’s custodian. |
| --- | --- |
| j. | Prepare and provide monthly calculation of management and incentive fees and other items necessary to calculate Fund distributions and income allocations in accordance with the applicable investment advisory or operating agreement, book accruals for legal, accounting and any other third party fees and expenses as required and as directed by the Fund. Calculate monthly indicative NAV for the Fund based solely on information provided by the Fund or as otherwise directed. The timing of delivery of such calculations will be agreed upon by the Administrator and the Fund and is subject to the timely receipt by the Administrator of necessary information from the Fund and authorized third parties. |
|---|---|
| k. | Prepare for the review by designated officer(s) of the Fund financial information for financial reports (e.g., financial statements, schedules and notes) required to be included in and filed with the SEC as part of or in connection with the Fund’s annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, annual shareholder reports, and other periodic reports (as mutually agreed). |
| --- | --- |
| l. | Adhere to US GAAP except as otherwise directed by the Fund. |
| --- | --- |
| m. | Host the annual audit at the Fund’s offices, if requested; prepare and/or gather supporting documentation for audit review; and follow-up on questions and requests for additional information. |
| --- | --- |
| n. | Perform such other accounting, and related services as the Fund may, from time to time, reasonably requested and as agreed upon from time to time by the Fund and the Administrator, including requests relating to compliance with GAAP, the Internal Revenue Code, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Audit and Accounting Guide for Investment Companies, Regulation S-X, and any other applicable laws. |
| --- | --- |
Schedule A2
Treasury Services
| a. | Prepare for the review by designated officer(s) of the Fund financial information regarding the Fund(s) that will be included in the Fund’s semi-annual and annual shareholder reports, and other quarterly reports (as mutually agreed upon), including tax footnote disclosures where applicable. |
|---|---|
| b. | Coordinate the audit of the Fund’s financial statements by the Fund’s independent accountants, including the preparation of supporting audit workpapers and other schedules. |
| --- | --- |
| c. | Prepare for the review by designated officer(s) of the Fund financial information required by Form N2, proxy statements and such other reports, forms or filings as may be mutually agreed upon. |
| --- | --- |
| d. | Prepare for the review by designated officer(s) of the Fund annual fund expense budgets, perform accrual analyses and roll-forward calculations and recommend changes to fund expense accruals on a periodic basis, arrange for payment of the Fund’s expenses, review calculations of fees paid to the Fund’s investment adviser, custodian, fund accountant, distributor and transfer agent, and obtain authorization of accrual changes and expense payments. |
| --- | --- |
| e. | Provide periodic testing of the Fund with respect to compliance with the Internal Revenue Code’s mandatory qualification requirements, the requirements of the 1940 Act and limitations for the Fund contained in the Registration Statement for the Fund as may be mutually agreed upon, including quarterly compliance reporting to the designated officer(s) of the Fund as well as preparation of Board compliance materials. |
| --- | --- |
| f. | Prepare and furnish total return performance information for the Fund, including such information on an after-tax basis, calculated in accordance with applicable U.S. securities laws and regulations, as may be reasonably requested by the Fund. |
| --- | --- |
| g. | Prepare and disseminate vendor survey information. |
| --- | --- |
| h. | Prepare and coordinate the filing of Rule 24f-2 notices, including coordination of payment. |
| --- | --- |
| i. | Maintain certain books and records of the Fund as required under Rule 31a-1(b) of the 1940 Act, as may be mutually agreed upon. |
| --- | --- |
Exhibit 14.1
CODE OF ETHICS FOR PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE AND
PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICERS
| I. | Covered Officers/Purpose of the Code |
|---|
This code of ethics (the “Code”) is established for the PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc. (the “CEF”), PGIM Private Credit Fund (the “BDC”) and PGIM Credit Income Fund (“PCIF”) and each series of the PGIM Rock ETF Trust (“ETFs”) and collectively with the CEF, BDC and PCIF, the “Fund”) pursuant to Section 406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the rules adopted thereunder by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The Code applies to the Fund’s Principal Executive Officer, Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer or Controller, or senior officers performing similar functions (the “Covered Officers” each of whom are set forth in Exhibit A) for the purpose of promoting:
| ● | honest and ethical conduct, including the ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interest between personal and professional relationships; |
|---|---|
| ● | full, fair, accurate, timely and understandable disclosure in reports and documents that a registrant files with, or submits to, the SEC and in other public communications made by the Fund; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | compliance with applicable governmental laws, rules and regulations; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | the prompt internal reporting of violations of the Code to an appropriate person or persons identified in the Code; and |
| --- | --- |
| ● | accountability for adherence to the Code. |
| --- | --- |
Each Covered Officer should adhere to a high standard of business ethics and should be sensitive to situations that may give rise to actual as well as apparent conflicts of interest.
| II. | Conflicts of Interest |
|---|
A “conflict of interest” occurs when a Covered Officer’s private interest interferes with the interests of, or his service to, the Fund. For example, a conflict of interest would arise if a Covered Officer, or a member of his family, receives improper personal benefits as a result of his position with the Fund.
Certain conflicts of interest arise out of the relationships between Covered Officers and the Fund and already are subject to conflict of interest provisions in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) and the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). For example, Covered Officers may not individually engage in certain transactions (such as the purchase or sale of securities or other property) with the Fund because of their status as “affiliated persons” of the Fund. The Fund’s and its investment adviser’s compliance programs and procedures are designed to prevent, or identify and correct, violations of these provisions. This Code does not, and is not intended to, repeat or replace these programs and procedures, and such conflicts fall outside of the parameters of this Code.
Although typically not presenting an opportunity for improper personal benefit, conflicts arise from, or as a result of, the contractual relationships between the Fund and the Fund’s investment adviser, principal underwriter, administrator, or other service providers to the Fund (together “Service Providers”), of which the Covered Officers may also be principals or employees. As a result, this Code recognizes that the Covered Officers will, in the normal course of their duties (whether formally for the Fund or for a Service Provider, or for both), be involved in establishing policies and implementing decisions that will have different effects on such Service Providers and the Fund. The participation of the Covered Officers in such activities is inherent in the contractual relationships between the Fund and its Service Providers and is consistent with the performance by the Covered Officers of their duties as officers of the Fund. Thus, if performed in conformity with the provisions of the 1940 Act and the Advisers Act, such activities will be deemed to have been handled ethically. In addition, it is recognized by the Fund’s Board of Directors/Trustees (“Board”) that the Covered Officers may also be officers or employees of one or more other investment companies covered by this or other codes.
Other conflicts of interest are covered by the Code, even if such conflicts of interest are not subject to provisions in the 1940 Act and the Advisers Act. The following list provides examples of conflicts of interest under the Code, but
Covered Officers should keep in mind that these examples are not exhaustive. The overarching principle is that the personal interest of a Covered Officer should not be placed improperly before the interest of the Fund.
Each Covered Officer must:
| ● | not use his personal influence or personal relationships improperly to influence investment decisions or financial reporting by the Fund whereby the Covered Officer would benefit personally to the detriment of the Fund; |
|---|---|
| ● | not cause the Fund to take action, or fail to take action, for the individual personal benefit of the Covered Officer rather than the benefit the Fund; and |
| --- | --- |
| ● | not retaliate against any other Covered Officer or any employee of the Fund or its affiliated persons for reports of potential violations that are made in good faith. |
| --- | --- |
There are some actual or potential conflict of interest situations that should always be brought to the attention of, and discussed with, the Fund’s Chief Legal Officer or other senior legal officer, if material. Examples of these include:
| ● | service as a director on the board of any public or private company; |
|---|---|
| ● | the receipt of any non-nominal gifts; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | the receipt of any entertainment from any company with which the Fund has current or prospective business dealings unless such entertainment is business-related, reasonable in cost, appropriate as to time and place, and not so frequent as to raise any question of impropriety; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | any ownership interest in (other than insubstantial interests in publicly traded entities), or any consulting or employment relationship with, any of the Fund’s Service Providers, other than its investment adviser, principal underwriter, administrator or any affiliated person thereof; and |
| --- | --- |
| ● | a direct or indirect financial interest in commissions, transaction charges or spreads paid by the Fund for effecting portfolio transactions or for selling or redeeming shares other than an interest arising from the Covered Officer’s employment, such as compensation or equity ownership. |
| --- | --- |
| III. | Disclosure and Compliance |
| --- | --- |
Each Covered Officer:
| ● | should familiarize himself with the disclosure requirements generally applicable to the Fund; |
|---|---|
| ● | should not knowingly misrepresent, or cause others to misrepresent, facts about the Fund to others, whether within or outside the Fund, including to the Board and its auditors, and to governmental regulators and self-regulatory organizations; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | should, to the extent appropriate within his area of responsibility, consult with other officers and employees of the Fund and its Service Providers with the goal of promoting full, fair, accurate, timely and understandable disclosure in the reports and documents the Fund files with, or submits to, the SEC and in other public communications made by the Fund; and |
| --- | --- |
| ● | is responsible to promote compliance with the standards and restrictions imposed by applicable laws, rules and regulations. |
| --- | --- |
IV. Reporting and Accountability
Each Covered Officer must:
| ● | upon adoption of the Code (or thereafter as applicable, upon becoming a Covered Officer), affirm in writing to the Board that he or she has received, read, and understands the Code; |
|---|---|
| ● | annually thereafter affirm to the Board that he or she has complied with the requirements of the Code; and |
| --- | --- |
| ● | notify the Fund’s Chief Legal Officer promptly if he or she knows of any violation of this Code. Failure to do so is itself a violation of this Code. |
| --- | --- |
The Fund’s Chief Legal Officer is responsible for applying this Code to specific situations in which questions are presented under it and has the authority to interpret this Code in any particular situation. In such situations, the Chief Legal Officer is authorized to consult, as appropriate, with counsel to the Fund, counsel to the Independent Directors/Trustees, a Board Committee comprised of Independent Directors/Trustees, or the full Board.
The Fund will follow the following procedures in investigating and enforcing this Code:
| ● | the Fund’s Chief Legal Officer will take all appropriate action to investigate any potential violations reported to her; |
|---|---|
| ● | if, after such investigation, the Chief Legal Officer believes that no violation has occurred, the Chief Legal Officer is not required to take any further action; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | any matter that the Chief Legal Officer believes is a violation or that the Chief Legal Officer believes should be reviewed by the Board or Board Committee comprised of Independent Directors/Trustees will be reported to the Board or Board Committee comprised of Independent Directors/Trustees; |
| --- | --- |
| ● | based upon its review of any matter referred to it, the Board or Board Committee comprised of Independent Directors/Trustees shall determine whether or not a violation has occurred, whether a grant of waiver is appropriate or whether some other action should be taken. Based upon its determination, the Board or Board Committee comprised of Independent Directors/Trustees may take such action as it deems appropriate, which may include without limitation: modifications of applicable policies and procedures; notification to appropriate personnel of the Fund’s investment adviser, principal underwriter or administrator, or their boards; notification to any other Fund for which the Covered Officer serves as a Covered Officer; or recommendation to dismiss the Covered Officer; and |
| --- | --- |
| ● | any changes to or waivers of this Code will, to the extent required, be disclosed as provided by SEC rules. |
| --- | --- |
| V. | Other Policies and Procedures |
| --- | --- |
This Code shall be the sole code of ethics adopted by the Fund for purposes of Section 406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the rules and forms applicable to registered investment companies thereunder. Insofar as other policies or procedures of the Fund or its Service Providers govern or purport to govern the behavior or activities of the Covered Officers who are subject to this Code, they are superseded by this Code to the extent that they overlap or conflict with the provisions of this Code. The Fund’s and its investment adviser’s and principal underwriter’s codes of ethics under Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act are separate requirements applying to the Covered Officers and others, and are not part of this Code.
| VI. | Amendments |
|---|
Any amendments to this Code, other than amendments to Exhibit A, must be approved or ratified by a majority vote of the Board, including a majority of Independent Directors/Trustees.
| VII. | Confidentiality |
|---|
All reports and records prepared or maintained pursuant to this Code will be considered confidential and shall be maintained and protected accordingly. Except as otherwise required by law or this Code, such matters shall not be disclosed to anyone other than the Board, counsel to the Fund, and counsel to the Fund’s Independent Directors/Trustees.
| VIII. | Internal Use |
|---|
The Code is intended solely for the internal use by the Fund and does not constitute an admission, by or on behalf of the Fund, as to any fact, circumstance, or legal conclusion.
| IX. | Recordkeeping |
|---|
The Fund shall keep the information disclosed about waivers and amendments under the Code for the period of time as specified in the rules adopted pursuant to Section 406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and furnish such information to the SEC or its staff upon request.
Adopted and approved as of September 28, 2023.
EXHIBIT A
Persons Covered by this Code of Ethics
Stuart S. Parker – President and Principal Executive Officer
Christian J. Kelly – Principal Financial Officer
Elyse M. McLaughlin – Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer (PGIM Private Credit Fund and PGIM Rock ETF Trust)
Russ Shupak – Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer (PGIM Private Real Estate Fund, Inc. and PGIM Credit Income Fund)
Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Stuart S. Parker, President of PGIM Private Credit Fund, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of PGIM Private Credit Fund (the “registrant”); |
|---|
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
|---|
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
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| 4. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have: |
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| (a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
|---|
| (b) | [Intentionally Omitted]; |
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| (c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
|---|
| (d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
|---|
| 5. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of trustees (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
|---|
| (a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
|---|
| (b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. |
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| Date: March 25, 2024 | |
|---|---|
| | |
| | /s/ Stuart S. Parker |
| | Stuart S. Parker |
| | President and Principal |
| | Executive Officer |
Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Christian J. Kelly, Chief Financial Officer of PGIM Private Credit Fund, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of PGIM Private Credit Fund (the “registrant”); |
|---|
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
|---|
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
|---|
| 4. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have: |
|---|
| (a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
|---|
| (b) | [Intentionally Omitted]; |
|---|
| (c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
|---|
| (d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
|---|
| 5. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of trustees (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
|---|
| (a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
|---|
| (b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. |
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| Date: March 25, 2024 | |
|---|---|
| | |
| | /s/ Christian J. Kelly |
| | Christian J. Kelly |
| | Chief Financial Officer |
| | (Principal Financial Officer) |
Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of PGIM Private Credit Fund (the “Company”) for the year ended December 31, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), Stuart S. Parker, as President of the Fund, hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of his knowledge:
| 1. | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and |
|---|
| 2. | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Fund. |
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| Date: March 25, 2024 | |
|---|---|
| | |
| | /s/ Stuart S. Parker |
| | Stuart S. Parker |
| | President and Principal |
| | Executive Officer |
Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of PGIM Private Credit Fund (the “Company”) for the year ended December 31, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), Christian J. Kelly, as Chief Financial Officer of the Fund, hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of his knowledge:
| 1. | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and |
|---|
| 2. | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Fund. |
|---|
| Date: March 25, 2024 | |
|---|---|
| | |
| | /s/ Christian J. Kelly |
| | Christian J. Kelly |
| | Chief Financial Officer |