8-K

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): November 1, 2023

QUINSTREET, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	001-34628	77-0512121
(State or other jurisdiction<br><br>of incorporation)	(Commission<br><br>File Number)	(I.R.S. Employer<br><br>Identification No.)

950 Tower Lane, 6th Floor

Foster City, CA 94404

(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (650) 578-7700

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:

☐ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

☐ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

☐ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

☐ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share	QNST	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC<br><br>(Nasdaq Global Select Market)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§ 230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§ 240.12b-2 of this chapter).

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Item 2.02. Results of Operations and Financial Condition.

On November 1, 2023, QuinStreet, Inc. (the “Company”) issued a press release announcing the Company’s financial results for the first quarter ended September 30, 2023. A copy of the Company’s press release is attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1.

The information furnished under Item 2.02 of this Current Report on Form 8-K, including the exhibit, shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference into the Company’s filings with the SEC under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such a filing.

Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits.

(d) Exhibit

Exhibit<br><br>Number	Description
99.1	Press release dated November 1, 2023.
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File, formatted in Inline XBRL and included as Exhibit 101.

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

	QUINSTREET, INC.
Dated: November 1, 2023	By:	/s/ Gregory Wong
		Gregory Wong
		Chief Financial Officer

EX-99.1

Exhibit 99.1

QuinStreet Reports Results for First Quarter Fiscal 2024

• Quarterly revenue of $124 million, exceeding consensus

• Strong performance and outlook in non-insurance client verticals

• Expect a significant positive inflection in insurance to begin in January

• Demonstrated resilient financial model, strong balance sheet, no bank debt

FOSTER CITY, CA – November 1, 2023 – QuinStreet, Inc. (Nasdaq: QNST), a leader in performance marketplaces and technologies for the financial services and home services industries, today announced financial results for the fiscal first quarter ended September 30, 2023.

For the fiscal first quarter, the Company reported revenue of $123.9 million, down 14% year-over-year.

GAAP net loss for the fiscal first quarter was $(10.6) million, or $(0.19) per diluted share. Adjusted net loss for the fiscal first quarter was $(1.4) million, or $(0.03) per diluted share.

Adjusted EBITDA for the fiscal first quarter was $1.0 million.

The Company closed the fiscal first quarter with $56.3 million in cash and cash equivalents and no bank debt.

“Fiscal Q1, or the September quarter, was another successful quarter for the Company,” commented Doug Valenti, CEO of QuinStreet. “We delivered on our strategy to continue to invest in important long-term growth initiatives and to be positioned to take full advantage of the return of auto insurance spending, all while maintaining our strong financial position.”

“Non-insurance client vertical revenue grew 18% year-over-year in the quarter and represented 79% of total Company revenue.”

“Moving to our outlook, indications from carrier clients continue to support our expectation of a significant positive inflection in auto insurance client spending beginning in January. We expect that full fiscal year revenue will grow 5% to 15% year-over-year, and that adjusted EBITDA will grow significantly faster than revenue.”

“For fiscal Q2, we expect revenue to be between $113 and $118 million, in line with typical sequential seasonality. We expect adjusted EBITDA in fiscal Q2 to be between $(0.5) and $0.5 million.”

Conference Call Today at 2:00 p.m. PT

The Company will host a conference call and corresponding live webcast at 2:00 p.m. PT. To access the conference call dial +1 877-423-9813 (domestic) or +1 201-689-8573 (international). A replay of the conference call will be available beginning approximately two hours after the completion of the call by dialing +1 844-512-2921 (domestic) or +1 412-317-6671 (international) and using passcode #13742192. The webcast of the conference call will be available live and via replay on the investor relations section of the Company's website at http://investor.quinstreet.com.

About QuinStreet

QuinStreet, Inc. (Nasdaq: QNST) is a leader in performance marketplaces and technologies for the financial services and home services industries. QuinStreet is a pioneer in delivering online marketplace solutions to match searchers with brands in digital media, and is committed to providing consumers with the information and tools they need to research, find and select the products and brands that meet their needs.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Definitions of Client Verticals

This release and the accompanying tables include a discussion of adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net (loss) income, adjusted diluted net (loss) income per share and free cash flow and normalized free cash flow, all of which are non-GAAP financial measures that are provided as a complement to results provided in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). The term "adjusted EBITDA" refers to a financial measure that we define as net loss less provision for (benefit from) income taxes, depreciation expense, amortization expense, stock-based compensation expense, interest and other (income) expense, net, acquisition and divestiture costs, contingent consideration adjustment, litigation settlement expense, tax settlement expense, and restructuring costs. The term "adjusted net (loss) income" refers to a financial measure that we define as net loss adjusted

for amortization expense, stock-based compensation expense, acquisition and divestiture costs, contingent consideration adjustment, litigation settlement expense, tax settlement expense, tax valuation allowance, and restructuring costs, net of estimated taxes. The term "adjusted diluted net (loss) income per share" refers to a financial measure that we define as adjusted net (loss) income divided by weighted average diluted shares outstanding. The term “free cash flow” refers to a financial measure that we define as net cash provided by operating activities, less capital expenditures and internal software development costs. The term “normalized free cash flow” refers to free cash flow less changes in operating assets and liabilities. These non-GAAP measures should be considered in addition to results prepared in accordance with GAAP, but should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, GAAP results. In addition, our definition of adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net income, adjusted diluted net income per share and free cash flow and normalized free cash flow may not be comparable to the definitions as reported by other companies.

We believe adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net (loss) income and adjusted diluted net (loss) income per share are relevant and useful information because they provide us and investors with additional measurements to analyze the Company's operating performance.

Adjusted EBITDA is useful to us and investors because (i) we seek to manage our business to a level of adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of net revenue, (ii) it is used internally by us for planning purposes, including preparation of internal budgets; to allocate resources; to evaluate the effectiveness of operational strategies and capital expenditures as well as the capacity to service debt, (iii) it is a key basis upon which we assess our operating performance, (iv) it is one of the primary metrics investors use in evaluating Internet marketing companies, (v) it is a factor in determining compensation, (vi) it is an element of certain financial covenants under our historical borrowing arrangements, and (vii) it is a factor that assists investors in the analysis of ongoing operating trends. In addition, we believe adjusted EBITDA and similar measures are widely used by investors, securities analysts, ratings agencies and other interested parties in our industry as a measure of financial performance, debt-service capabilities and as a metric for analyzing company valuations.

We use adjusted EBITDA as a key performance measure because we believe it facilitates operating performance comparisons from period to period by excluding potential differences caused by variations in capital structures (affecting interest expense), tax positions (such as the impact of changes in effective tax rates or fluctuations in permanent differences or discrete quarterly items), non-recurring charges, certain other items that we do not believe are indicative of core operating activities (such as litigation settlement expense, tax settlement expense, acquisition and divestiture costs, contingent consideration adjustment, restructuring costs and other income and expense) and the non-cash impact of depreciation expense, amortization expense and stock-based compensation expense.

With respect to our adjusted EBITDA guidance, the Company is not able to provide a quantitative reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure without unreasonable efforts due to the high variability, complexity and low visibility with respect to certain items such as taxes, and income and expense from changes in fair value of contingent consideration from acquisitions. We expect the variability of these items to have a potentially unpredictable and potentially significant impact on future GAAP financial results, and, as such, we also believe that any reconciliations provided would imply a degree of precision that would be confusing or misleading to investors.

Adjusted net (loss) income and adjusted diluted net (loss) income per share are useful to us and investors because they present an additional measurement of our financial performance, taking into account depreciation, which we believe is an ongoing cost of doing business, but excluding the impact of certain non-cash expenses (stock-based compensation, amortization of intangible assets, and contingent consideration adjustment), non-recurring charges and certain other items that we do not believe are indicative of core operating activities. We believe that analysts and investors use adjusted net income and adjusted diluted net income per share as supplemental measures to evaluate the overall operating performance of companies in our industry.

Free cash flow is useful to investors and us because it represents the cash that our business generates from operations, before taking into account cash movements that are non-operational, and is a metric commonly used in our industry to understand the underlying cash generating capacity of a company’s financial model. Normalized free cash flow is useful as it removes the fluctuations in operating assets and liabilities that occur in any given quarter due to the timing of payments and cash receipts and therefore helps investors understand the underlying cash flow of the business as a quarterly metric and the cash flow generation potential of the business model. We believe that analysts and investors use free cash flow multiples as a metric for analyzing company valuations in our industry.

We intend to provide these non-GAAP financial measures as part of our future earnings discussions and, therefore, the inclusion of these non-GAAP financial measures will provide consistency in our financial reporting. A reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures to GAAP is provided in the accompanying tables.

Legal Notice Regarding Forward Looking Statements

This press release and its attachments contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that involve risks and uncertainties. Words such as "estimate", "will”, "believe", “expect”, "intend", “outlook”, "potential", “promises” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements include the statements in quotations from management in this press release, as well as any statements regarding the Company's anticipated financial results, growth and strategic and operational plans. The Company's actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements. Factors that may contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to: the Company’s ability to

maintain and increase client marketing spend; the Company's ability, whether within or outside the Company’s control, to maintain and increase the number of visitors to its websites and to convert those visitors and those to its third-party publishers' websites into client prospects in a cost-effective manner; the Company's exposure to data privacy and security risks; the impact from risks and uncertainties relating to the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath; the impact of changes in industry standards and government regulation including, but not limited to investigation enforcement activities or regulatory activity by the Federal Trade Commission, the Federal Communications Commission, the Consumer Finance Protection Bureau and other state and federal regulatory agencies; the impact of changes in our business, our industry, and the current economic and regulatory climate on the Company’s quarterly and annual results of operations; the Company's ability to compete effectively against others in the online marketing and media industry both for client budget and access to third-party media; the Company’s ability to protect our intellectual property rights; and the impact from risks relating to counterparties on the Company's business. More information about potential factors that could affect the Company's business and financial results are contained in the Company's annual report on Form 10-K and quarterly reports on Form 10-Q as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Additional information will also be set forth in the Company's annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, which will be filed with the SEC. The Company does not intend and undertakes no duty to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements contained herein.

Investor Contact:

Robert Amparo

(347) 223-1682

ramparo@quinstreet.com

QUINSTREET, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	September 30,			June 30,
	2023			2023
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	56,305		$	73,677
Accounts receivable, net		67,684			67,748
Prepaid expenses and other assets		8,690			9,779
Total current assets		132,679			151,204
Property and equipment, net		19,504			16,749
Operating lease right-of-use assets		5,806			3,536
Goodwill		121,141			121,141
Other intangible assets, net		36,122			38,700
Other assets, noncurrent		5,713			5,825
Total assets	$	320,965		$	337,155
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	34,286		$	37,926
Accrued liabilities		41,322			44,010
Deferred revenue		—			9
Other liabilities		7,649			7,875
Total current liabilities		83,257			89,820
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent		4,047			1,261
Other liabilities, noncurrent		11,325			16,273
Total liabilities		98,629			107,354
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock		55			54
Additional paid-in capital		332,194			329,093
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(268	)		(266	)
Accumulated deficit		(109,645	)		(99,080	)
Total stockholders' equity		222,336			229,801
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	320,965		$	337,155

QUINSTREET, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	September 30,
	2023			2022
Net revenue	$	123,923		$	143,593
Cost of revenue (1)		116,274			131,245
Gross profit		7,649			12,348
Operating expenses: (1)
Product development		7,637			6,826
Sales and marketing		3,124			3,100
General and administrative		6,787			7,319
Operating loss		(9,899	)		(4,897	)
Interest income		166			7
Interest expense		(111	)		(226	)
Other income (expense), net		29			(23	)
Loss before income taxes		(9,815	)		(5,139	)
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes		(750	)		622
Net loss	$	(10,565	)	$	(4,517	)
Net loss per share:
Basic	$	(0.19	)	$	(0.08	)
Diluted	$	(0.19	)	$	(0.08	)
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share:
Basic		54,470			53,350
Diluted		54,470			53,350
(1) Cost of revenue and operating expenses include stock-based compensation expense as follows:
Cost of revenue	$	2,052		$	2,119
Product development		773			765
Sales and marketing		640			652
General and administrative		1,810			1,734

QUINSTREET, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	September 30,
	2023			2022
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net loss	$	(10,565	)	$	(4,517	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		5,338			4,362
Provision for sales returns and doubtful accounts receivable		223			120
Stock-based compensation		5,275			5,270
Non-cash lease expense		(253	)		(262	)
Deferred income taxes		544			(802	)
Other adjustments, net		(438	)		(147	)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(159	)		5,822
Prepaid expenses and other assets		1,089			(426	)
Accounts payable		(3,603	)		(1,868	)
Accrued liabilities		(2,525	)		(1,594	)
Deferred revenue		(9	)		(293	)
Other liabilities, non-current		110			—
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities		(4,973	)		5,665
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Capital expenditures		(1,624	)		(476	)
Internal software development costs		(3,470	)		(2,561	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(5,094	)		(3,037	)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan		1,579			1,560
Payment of withholding taxes related to release of restricted stock, net of share settlement		(2,187	)		(2,016	)
Post-closing payments and contingent consideration related to acquisitions		(5,277	)		(5,494	)
Repurchase of common stock		(1,426	)		(4,731	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(7,311	)		(10,681	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		6			(4	)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(17,372	)		(8,057	)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period		73,692			96,453
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	56,320		$	88,396
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash to the condensed consolidated balance sheets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	56,305		$	88,382
Restricted cash included in other assets, noncurrent		15			14
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	56,320		$	88,396

QUINSTREET, INC.

RECONCILIATION OF NET LOSS TO

ADJUSTED NET (LOSS) INCOME

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	September 30,
	2023			2022
Net loss	$	(10,565	)	$	(4,517	)
Amortization of intangible assets		2,578			2,822
Stock-based compensation		5,275			5,270
Acquisition and divestiture costs		—			32
Restructuring costs		270			50
Tax impact of non-GAAP items		1,023			(1,168	)
Adjusted net (loss) income	$	(1,418	)	$	2,489
Adjusted diluted net (loss) income per share	$	(0.03	)	$	0.05
Weighted average shares used in computing adjusted diluted net (loss) income per share		54,470			54,273

QUINSTREET, INC.

RECONCILIATION OF NET LOSS TO

ADJUSTED EBITDA

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	September 30,
	2023			2022
Net loss	$	(10,565	)	$	(4,517	)
Interest and other expense, net		(84	)		242
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes		750			(622	)
Depreciation and amortization		5,338			4,362
Stock-based compensation		5,275			5,270
Tax settlement expense		—			32
Restructuring costs		270			50
Adjusted EBITDA	$	984		$	4,817

QUINSTREET, INC.

RECONCILIATION OF CASH (USED IN) PROVIDED BY

OPERATING ACTIVITIES TO FREE CASH FLOW

AND NORMALIZED FREE CASH FLOW

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	September 30,
	2023			2022
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	$	(4,973	)	$	5,665
Capital expenditures		(1,624	)		(476	)
Internal software development costs		(3,470	)		(2,561	)
Free cash flow		(10,067	)		2,628
Changes in operating assets and liabilities		5,096			(1,641	)
Normalized free cash flow	$	(4,971	)	$	987

QUINSTREET, INC.

DISAGGREGATION OF REVENUE

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	September 30,
	2023		2022
Net revenue:
Financial Services	$	72,125	$	94,990
Home Services		49,394		46,733
Other Revenue		2,404		1,870
Total net revenue	$	123,923	$	143,593