Earnings Call Transcript - SNPS Q1 2022

Operator, Operator

Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by, and welcome to the Synopsys Earnings Conference Call for the First Quarter of Fiscal Year 2022. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. Later, we will conduct a question-and-answer session, instructions will be given at that time. Today's call will last one hour, five minutes prior to the end of the call, we will announce the amount of time remaining in the conference. As a reminder, today's call is being recorded. At this time, I would like to turn the conference over to Lisa Ewbank, Vice President of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Lisa Ewbank, Vice President of Investor Relations

Thank you, Eric. Good afternoon, everyone. With us today are Aart de Geus, Chairman and Co-CEO of Synopsys, and Trac Pham, Chief Financial Officer. Before we begin, I'd like to remind everyone that during the course of this call, Synopsys will discuss forecasts, targets, and other forward-looking statements regarding the company and its financial results. While these statements represent our best current judgment about future results and performance as of today, our actual results are subject to many risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from what we expect. In addition to any risks that we highlight during the call, important factors that may affect our future results are described in our most recent SEC reports and today's earnings press release. In addition, we will refer to non-GAAP financial measures during the discussion. Reconciliations to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures and supplemental financial information can be found in the earnings press release, financial supplement, and 8-K that we released earlier today. All of these items, plus the most recent investor presentation are available on our website at synopsys.com. In addition, the prepared remarks will be posted on the site at the conclusion of the call. And with that, I will turn the call over to Aart de Geus.

Aart de Geus, Chairman and Co-CEO

Good afternoon. Q1 was an excellent start to the year, building on the strength and momentum from 2021. We met or exceeded all of our key guidance targets with strength across all product groups and geographies. Revenue was $1.27 billion, with GAAP earnings per share of $1.99 and non-GAAP earnings at the high end of our target range at $2.40. As a result of this solid start and confidence in our business, we are raising our full-year revenue and earnings guidance. We're also executing well on the long-term accelerated revenue growth and margin expansion objectives we communicated to you in December. The excellent results can be attributed to three reasons: strong semiconductor market, strong technology with increasing differentiation, strong execution by our teams, and adoption of new products. Trac will provide more financial details. Assessing the landscape, the market is very sound and growing in a way that is positive for Synopsys. As the power and impact of massive amounts of big data are increasingly realized, demand for smart everything continues to intensify. As a result, customers, ranging from traditional semiconductor companies to AI startups, hyperscalers, and vertical system houses, are all investing heavily and prioritizing design activity. Rapidly escalating technical complexity, as big data and AI software are brought together in increasingly advanced ways, means that today's products require highly complex chips, systems of chips, and more security and safety. As a result, customer investments are increasing across all market segments. Synopsys has invested heavily over the past five years in a wave of unique innovations, targeted apps ideally suited for this new era. These investments are yielding excellent technical differentiation and business results. At the center of enabling the smart everything era sits the power of AI to develop more complex chips better and faster. Our solutions have featured machine learning technology for many years. About a year and a half ago, though, after a multiyear development effort, we released a groundbreaking new AI-driven solution that directs not just individual tools but greatly impacts results and productivity on major segments of the design flows. Our award-winning DSO.ai solution is the first of its kind and the only one proven in customer production environments. DSO.ai learns and autonomously drives our design tools in the design space to find the best combination of chip performance, power, and area. This automation substantially accelerates the work of design teams while delivering better results than traditional design flows. Customers are seeing remarkable outcomes and are deploying quickly to production use. DSO.ai has already been adopted in production design by five of the top 10 semiconductor leaders. In Q1, we saw multiple additional deployments across verticals including mobile, datacenter, and processor design. Samsung has completed multiple tape outs in mobile, including a state-of-the-art high-performance design in their latest process technology. A leading hyperscaler boasts using DSO.ai with hundreds of CPUs on the cloud, achieving excellent results for advanced SOC. These breakthrough results demonstrate how DSO.ai can leverage abundant cloud compute for deep design space optimization. Critical to the success of the episode of AI are the powerful engines that sit underneath the integrated fusion design platform. The overall solution is resulting in significant cross-selling opportunities and accelerating growth across our platform. Momentum is manifest across a wide spectrum of market verticals and manufacturing processes. During the quarter, we achieved multiple 3-nanometer design wins, including at a top processor provider, 100% plan of record adoption for a 3-nanometer flagship SOC at a leading mobile provider, and events node wins at the world's largest CPU providers. We’re also achieving competitive wins at established nodes, including a leading LCD driver provider. As a result of these high-value innovations, hyperscalers continue to expand their reliance on us throughout our portfolio, including multiple new designs using the fusion platform. A critical aspect of enabling smart everything is tackling technical complexity across the entire system. The Synopsys maxim from silicon to software is truly indicative of not only our longstanding focus on the system but also our differentiating portfolio that puts us in a unique position to enable today's design. A bellwether of systems leadership is IP. Following a record 2021, we continue to deliver excellent results in Q1, and demand remains very high. Driven by tremendous complexity and time-to-market pressures, customers increasingly choose to jumpstart their designs by relying more and more on the market-leading IP portfolio we've built and held for more than 20 years. In fact, a recent comprehensive IP market study performed by an independent research firm ranked Synopsys number one for the best IP, highest quality IP, and best support compared to other providers in the industry. We're seeing great momentum across key market segments including automotive, high-performance compute, mobile, and consumer. In automotive, for instance, Infineon announced at the Consumer Electronics Show the next generation AURIX TC4x microcontroller family, which utilizes Synopsys IP and virtualization technologies. Securing the datacenter is a top priority for our customers. We see strong demand for our integrity and data encryption security IP with 20-plus designs wins to date on a rapidly growing number of active opportunities. Given the skyrocketing data requirements, storage is an important market for us as well. We continue to gain wide adoption of our PCI Express, smart processors, and next-generation mobile storage protocol IP. Let me talk a bit about some of the innovative system solutions driving our results. First, at the intersection of hardware and software, system verification is a Synopsys’s strong suit adjacent to our longstanding market leadership with chip simulation, static analysis, and debug technology. We are early innovators in software and hardware-based prototyping, now a critical enabler of complex systems. Building on another record year in 2021, we continue to see excellent growth in hardware with both our ZeBu emulation and HAPS prototyping products. Demand is very strong, as our solutions feature the fastest engines, highest capacity, and lowest cost of ownership, especially compelling for today's sweet spot of software bring-up. This quarter, we achieved major expansions in our newest ZeBu and HAPS-100 hardware at several of the largest semiconductor systems and hyperscaler companies in the world. This included noteworthy wins over the latest solutions from our competition. Second, 3DIC design. This is a new generation of systems design that utilize tightly abutting or stacking multiple dies on a specialized connection chip to enable massively more compute, storage, and data management. Our 3DIC compiler platform is a single unified design environment that combines exploration, construction, and signoff analysis. It showcases significant performance capacity and ease of use differentiation over much older competitor solutions. In the quarter, 3DIC continued its strong momentum, deployed on production tape outs as a leading U.S. hyperscaler and a large networking systems company. Our 3DIC platform was recognized by winning TSMC’s Customer Choice Award for Leadership in 3DIC design and analysis. Lastly, we have leveraged our expertise in design, manufacturing, and IP to develop an innovative approach that expands and redefines what's possible in terms of optimizing an entire electronic system. Our Silicon Lifecycle Management platform allows customers to monitor, analyze, and optimize systems as they are designed, manufactured, tested, and deployed in the field. We are seeing strong customer traction and growing adoption of key elements, including by AI pioneer Zebra, who used our embedded monitors to understand on-chip dynamic thermal and voltage conditions to optimize power and performance. The growing complexity of systems greatly expands security and safety requirements across the spectrum from chips all the way up to application software. Our software integrity business had a very good start to the year, crossing the $400 million trailing 12-month revenue mark, with strong growth across product groups, consulting, and geographies. Companies from a wide range of verticals including hyperscalers, financial services, military aerospace, and industrial continue to grapple with the challenge of bolstering their security posture. Security vulnerabilities for the entire software supply chain, including open-source software, are top of mind for developers, reinforced by government directives and recent publicized breaches. Our strategic consulting services are not only becoming more vital to customers, they're also driving increasing product sales, adoptions, and longer-term engagements. In Q1, this was particularly evident in the financial services space. In DevOps, we see increased customer traction with our solutions, including intelligent orchestration to integrate application security testing into DevOps workflows, and Code Dx to correlate and prioritize findings to help developers efficiently address remediation while maintaining development velocity. In addition, the progress of our indirect partner strategy is very encouraging. Even in the early stages, the program is resulting in many new company adoptions around the globe, and business that is ahead of plans. In summary, Q1 was an excellent start to the year; we delivered strong financial results and raised our outlook for fiscal 2022. Our significant game-changing innovations are driving outstanding technical and business results. The market we serve is strong, with intensifying customer investment in critical chips, systems designs, and immense amounts of software. Lastly, we will publish our Third Annual Corporate Social Responsibility Report in which we share the solid progress we've made and the goals we've set in the areas of environmental stewardship, including achieving our third year of carbon neutrality, social solidarity, and corporate governance. With that, I'll turn it over to Trac.

Trac Pham, Chief Financial Officer

Thanks, Aart. Good afternoon, everyone. First-quarter results reflect good momentum across the company. We delivered a very strong start to the year with significant revenue growth across all product groups and geographies, an expanding non-GAAP operating margin, non-GAAP earnings at the high end of our target range, and solid operating cash flow. Driving these results is a compelling combination of unprecedented market opportunities, accelerating customer adoptions of our groundbreaking new products, and our excellent execution. Our confidence in our business is strong, and we are raising our full-year 2022 targets. I'll now review our first-quarter results. All comparisons are year-over-year unless otherwise stated. We generated a total revenue of $1.27 billion, up 31% over the prior year. As expected, the quarter reflected strengths in EDA software, as well as outstanding demand for IP and hardware. Total GAAP costs and expenses were $923 million, total non-GAAP costs and expenses were $811 million, resulting in a non-GAAP operating margin of 36.2%. GAAP earnings per share were $1.99, and non-GAAP earnings per share were $2.40, up 58% over the prior year. Semiconductor and system design segment revenue was $1.16 billion with both EDA and IP performing well. Software integrity segment revenue was $108 million, marking a better than expected start to the year. We are on track to reach our 15% to 20% growth objective for software integrity with an expanded adjusted operating margin in 2022. Turning to cash, we generated $156 million in operating cash flow, higher than planned primarily due to early collections. We used $250 million of our cash for stock buybacks and ended the quarter with cash and short-term investments of $1.27 billion, with total debt of $24 million. Now for the guidance. We are raising our full-year outlook for revenue, earnings, and cash flow. For fiscal year 2022, the full-year targets are revenue of $4.775 billion to $4.825 billion, representing 14% to 15% growth. Total GAAP costs and expenses are expected to be between $3.809 billion and $3.856 billion. Total non-GAAP costs and expenses are expected to be between $3.255 billion and $3.285 billion, resulting in a non-GAAP operating margin improvement of more than 100 basis points. We anticipate a non-GAAP tax rate of 18%, with GAAP earnings expected to be between $5.53 and $5.72 per share, and non-GAAP earnings expected to be between $7.85 and $7.92 per share, representing 15% to 16% growth. Cash flow from operations is projected to be between $1.45 billion and $1.5 billion. Now for the targets for the second quarter. Revenue is expected to be between $1.24 billion and $1.27 billion. Total GAAP costs and expenses are expected to be between $931 million and $951 million, while total non-GAAP costs and expenses are projected to be between $800 million and $810 million. GAAP earnings are expected to be between $1.67 and $1.78 per share; non-GAAP earnings are expected to be between $2.35 and $2.40 per share. We continue to anticipate revenue for Q3 and Q4 to be roughly evenly distributed, with expenses skewed to Q4. As we announced in December, our long-term financial objectives are to deliver annual double-digit revenue growth, non-GAAP operating margin expansion of more than 100 basis points a year, and mid-teens range growth in non-GAAP EPS. In conclusion, we delivered a very good start to the year and are raising our 2022 outlook. Our longstanding commitment to managing the business for enduring long-term growth has not only generated the most compelling product portfolio we’ve ever had but also positions us uniquely well for the current dynamic market landscape. As a result, we remain confident in the accelerated long-term financial targets we communicated to you in December.

Operator, Operator

And we'll start questions from Joe Vruwink from Baird. Please go ahead.

Joe Vruwink, Analyst

Great! Hello everyone. I was hoping maybe to get a bit more detail on the product areas or geographies driving the $50 million increase in revenue guidance for the full year. And then in thinking about the sequencing of quarters this year, since 1Q finished within the guidance range, is it fair to say that most of this upside is maybe coming in Q2, just thinking about maybe your original expectations?

Aart de Geus, Chairman and Co-CEO

Let me start with the first part and maybe Trac can do the second part. Our strength has been really very much across the board. We can certainly say that the IP continues to stand out as growing very well. But some of the new capabilities that we see at EDA tools really are showing more and more opportunity going forward. Now you heard about the Software Integrity Group. They continue on an excellent path. Last year was really a return to good growth, and now we are improving the growth there as well. Lastly, the systems area, which is sort of at the intersection between silicon and software, is an area that will continue to grow because most of the systems are now optimized to make the software run as well as possible on the hardware and the hardware to be as responsive as possible to the software, all the way to trying to optimize even the power consumption. So these things are very linked. Our hardware and prototyping solutions are extremely well suited for that and have been strong.

Trac Pham, Chief Financial Officer

Hi, Joe, let me take the second part. I would characterize the upside for the year, the raise of $50 million, as simply a Q2 upside. We delivered Q1 largely as planned. It was the biggest quarter of the year. The business that we booked in Q1 showed very strong growth in EDA software, which should give us a nice trajectory not only for this year but going forward. We continue to see very strong demand in IP and hardware. The momentum that we saw through last year continued in Q1 in terms of results for revenue, but also just the overall demand, as Aart highlighted. Traditionally, we don't raise the full year at this early point in the year, but just given the visibility we have, not only for Q2 but for the rest of the year, we have the confidence to raise the overall guidance.

Joe Vruwink, Analyst

Okay. That's helpful. And then I just wanted to focus in a bit more, given it came up in the prepared remarks, just the recent attention around open source vulnerability. I'm curious if you've seen a bit of a lift for Black Duck within the portfolio, maybe an acceleration in interest that could end up benefiting growth for software integrity as we move through the year?

Aart de Geus, Chairman and Co-CEO

Well, I think in general the Software Integrity Group is doing better and better because it is managed really well and is executing well. But what you have said still bears truth because they have been, in the past year, a number of moments of high visibility of hacking on also open source capabilities. Even the U.S. government has made some mandates saying you have to pay more attention to this in their systems. And so I think in general, there's a higher degree of recognition, which helps Black Duck because of the capabilities that we have there. Additionally, our consulting capabilities are precisely what customers need.

Joe Vruwink, Analyst

Great. Thank you very much.

Aart de Geus, Chairman and Co-CEO

You’re welcome.

Operator, Operator

Next, we'll move to the line of Jackson Ader with JPMorgan. Please go ahead.

Jackson Ader, Analyst

Great. Thanks for taking my questions, guys. The first one is on that hyperscaler that you mentioned, the deployed DSO.ai in the cloud. I'm curious if the deployment was in a commercial cloud or the customer's private cloud. Additionally, is there any kind of revenue leakage if the customer chooses to run it in their private cloud versus maybe the Synopsys cloud?

Aart de Geus, Chairman and Co-CEO

Well, let me start at the end. No, there's no leakage; they have to use the licenses like any other licenses. Pretty much all the hyperscalers do have large clouds themselves. Some are also commercial cloud providers, obviously. It doesn't matter if it's a private cloud or a commercial cloud; the results are the same. In this case, these are people that are extremely competent at managing clouds, so consider it to be a commercial cloud.

Trac Pham, Chief Financial Officer

Jack, I would add that we do see the cloud as a very strong incremental growth opportunity, and that is independent of whether or not they're using Synopsys cloud or a third-party cloud. We can support other scenarios, but the goal is to gain that business overall.

Jackson Ader, Analyst

Yeah. I mean, the point of the question, right, is just to see if the customer would say, 'Hey, thanks for DSO.ai, and now I'm going to take my ball and go play over here with it,' and maybe try and game the licenses. But no, that answers that. Thank you. And then the second question is around the labor market. Is there anything that you might see in a tight labor market that might suggest a slowdown in the hiring of engineers at your more traditional semiconductor companies?

Aart de Geus, Chairman and Co-CEO

I think there is certainly no slowdown in attempting to hire. As you well know, throughout most industries, there's an increase in turnover. A lot of people have been sitting at home for a few years and are looking for a fair share. The entire semiconductor industry right now is looking for people. We ourselves have had a bit of that; actually, not that much negative turnover, but we have hired substantially — substantial amounts of people. I think that this will continue because there's no end in sight to the need, and the opportunity space is very, very fertile. These things tend to last for a year, year and a half, and then they gradually equalize again.

Jackson Ader, Analyst

All right. Thank you.

Aart de Geus, Chairman and Co-CEO

You’re welcome.

Operator, Operator

And next, we go to the line of Gary Mobley with Wells Fargo Securities. Please go ahead.

Gary Mobley, Analyst

Good afternoon, everybody. Thanks for taking my question, and congratulations on a strong start to the fiscal year. I wanted to pick up on the last question and ask more about wage inflation. Just a debate is ongoing about whether it's transitory or structural in nature. It's probably fair to say that wage inflation, at least higher wages, are here to stay. Are you able to pass this along in the way you're pricing license deals, and might there be a period of time in a labor-intensive business like yours where you've got a mismatch in the way deals are priced versus wage inflation?

Aart de Geus, Chairman and Co-CEO

It's an excellent question because, obviously, especially in conjunction with the question Jackson had, whenever there is movement, there tends to be some increase in wages because otherwise, people wouldn't necessarily move, and we see the same. Fortunately, we have had the good fortune that our business continues to grow very well, and it tends to be a little bit more stable in terms of change because we have many multiyear transactions. Many of the transactions are becoming larger because customers want more tools and need more capabilities. We are more gradual in how we pass these costs along. Having said that, Trac will emphasize from the ops margin perspective, but we are staying on track with not only growing the business but also continuing to improve the profitability of it. All of these things have been taken into account as we project forward.

Trac Pham, Chief Financial Officer

I would like to add, Gary, that we are successfully managing wage inflation while still increasing our margins. We achieve this by incorporating those costs into our expenses, which is reflected in our guidance and expectations for improving margins this year. The best approach is to continue investing in the business. Over the past several years, we have consistently invested in innovation and new technology to enhance the value of our products, which has enabled us to gain more leverage in negotiations. This has certainly contributed to the accelerated growth of the business. Additionally, we have been strategically redeploying our resources to ensure we achieve the best returns. These combined efforts are effectively helping us manage wage inflation.

Gary Mobley, Analyst

Got it. Appreciate the color. And then I wanted to ask a specific question about the RPOs or backlog. If you can't give us the amount, can you give us at least a sense of whether you built on that record high you published at the end of the fiscal year? To what degree has a longer average license duration factored in? I know you don't give that metric anymore, but are we moving higher on that front as well?

Trac Pham, Chief Financial Officer

Backlog remained at $6.9 billion.

Gary Mobley, Analyst

Got it. And average license duration, could you say it either...

Trac Pham, Chief Financial Officer

In the normal range.

Operator, Operator

And next, we'll go to the line of Jay Vleeschhouwer with Griffin Securities. Please go ahead.

Jay Vleeschhouwer, Analyst

Thank you. Good evening. Aart, for you first. You've spoken often about the intersection of hardware and software as a center of gravity of your business, which is perhaps another way of saying that semiconductor companies are becoming more like systems companies, and systems companies are becoming more like semiconductor companies. The question is with respect to the support implications for your business, that is to say the support you have to provide to customers given the growing complexity and growth of contracts, and perhaps you could just talk about that in general, how the profile of what you need to do on behalf of customers is evolving vis-à-vis the evolution of your contracts and the portfolio. For instance, over the last year, we've seen a more than 140% increase in your openings for application engineers, even more than the increase in R&D openings over the last year. Perhaps you could tie that to the earlier questions on hiring, what's the AE environment look like, specifically as a critical component of supporting your customers.

Aart de Geus, Chairman and Co-CEO

Okay. Jay, the question you asked will only take about half an hour. You touch pretty much on everything we have to do. Let me phrase it like this: A number of years ago, we put the silicon to software under our logo. It was aspirational at that time because it meant moving to where the center of gravity was moving. I am absolutely convinced that the center of gravity for everything that will impact smart everything, big data, automation in various ways, is actually the intersection of those two. Let me first go downwards from the hardware. There, clearly, one trend continues: smaller, more sophisticated devices; that's technology evolution. The second trend that is complementing that is a multichip architecture, or chiplets, because at some point in time, you want 100 times more transistors, but technically that is not feasible. So you split it up, and we'll see more of that. The third trend is that many of the chips become specialized architecture for just a limited set of tasks. This is not new; graphical processors have already existed for 20 years as accelerators to manage pixels. Now, of course, there is a lot of that going in the AI direction or data management direction, and so on. So then we move to the other side of the equation, which is the software. The software, of course, has one ambition: to do applications that add a lot of value in every domain you can think of, including many of the automation domains, the big data, and machine learning domains. The software needs to be matched to the hardware, and the hardware needs to be matched to the software. That is where this prototyping is effective from both perspectives, and we're seeing rapid growth. Just like anything else, people wish the prototype would be another 10 times faster because then they could do 10 times more. I think that will continue for quite a while. In regards to the different support, you're absolutely correct that in the semiconductor area or the hardware side, it is more an evolution of what we've done for the last 35 years. And AI is very important because it's now taking on much more complex multi-step tasks. That's where we give a lot of support. Whereas if you look upwards, the system houses in the past, only a few really have invested substantially in chip design or electronic system design. Now, because the software is so much closer to the realization, they are investing. These are also the type of companies that, if they can, will buy partially finished solutions, like big IP blocks. That's where they start. Increasingly, our IP reaches into that middle. For each of the verticals, there are often additional needs, and automotive is a prime example of that because safety matters, with security as a subcategory in that case. Security, of course, applies to many, many places.

Trac Pham, Chief Financial Officer

Hi, Jay. Let me take the second part of your question. So you're right; Q1 was a very strong quarter for IP in addition to the other products. At a high level, the IP business is performing strongly in all areas, all geographies, and across a very diverse customer base. Tying that connection to China would be misleading. In fact, in China, we're doing very well across all of our product categories. We had very good growth in EDA software. Hardware did well, in addition to IP. So trying to make that connection at the top level of the results would give you a misleading conclusion.

Jay Vleeschhouwer, Analyst

Thank you very much.

Trac Pham, Chief Financial Officer

You’re welcome.

Operator, Operator

Next, we go to the line of Jason Celino with KeyBanc Capital Markets. Please go ahead.

Jason Celino, Analyst

Great. Thanks for taking my questions. Maybe first one for Trac. The semi and design margins in the quarter were really impressive, 38%. That's the highest we've ever seen them. How much of that strength is just from the upfront nature of the IP and hardware strength?

Trac Pham, Chief Financial Officer

I'd characterize it more as the quarterization of the results, Jason. Remember, when we talked to you in December, we described expenses as being relatively flat throughout the year, but the mix of revenue and the timing of revenues would skew margins to the front end. Overall, I think margins are doing very well, and we expect that over a multiyear period, we will continue to improve margins.

Jason Celino, Analyst

Okay. Perfect. Interesting. And then, Aart, I thought it was interesting how you mentioned hyperscalers with your SIG business comments. I didn't think strength with the hyperscalers was levered at all to the SIG business. So my question is, do these hyperscalers typically purchase the EDA and the SIG products separately? Or do they have opportunities to bundle them together? Thanks.

Aart de Geus, Chairman and Co-CEO

In general, we sell these things relatively separately. There are often very different buyers in the company that are looking at that. We have proactively kept it somewhat separate. It's a better business practice than negotiating everything to the lowest common denominator. Of course, these hyperscalers have absolutely big needs in security, so we are collaborating well with them.

Jason Celino, Analyst

Excellent. Thank you.

Aart de Geus, Chairman and Co-CEO

You’re welcome.

Operator, Operator

And next, we go to the line of Pradeep Ramani with UBS. Please go ahead.

Pradeep Ramani, Analyst

Thanks for taking my questions. I had a couple. Your deferred revenue saw a significant increase. What is driving that? Is it from a product standpoint broad-based or concentrated among either IP or EDA? And in terms of just geographical or customer concentration driving that delta, could you expand upon that?

Trac Pham, Chief Financial Officer

I'm sorry, I'll start with the first question, Pradeep. The deferred is very broad-based across all product lines, and the variability of deferred from one quarter to the next really just reflects the timing of when we bill and invoice our customers.

Pradeep Ramani, Analyst

Yeah. It was more around whether any one customer or one geography drove the upside or whether that was broad-based as well?

Trac Pham, Chief Financial Officer

The overall growth was really broad-based across customers globally.

Pradeep Ramani, Analyst

Okay. And for my follow-up, I guess you're talking about DSO.ai and SLM. How would you characterize the percentage of your semiconductor and system design revenue they contribute right now? How should we think about the growth path going forward for these two contributors?

Aart de Geus, Chairman and Co-CEO

We're in an early stage. Typically, we don't disclose individual products, but both of these areas have the potential to certainly grow faster than the rest of the company because they're in the early stage, but also because they bring a whole set of new values to the customer. Additionally, we also hire more people in both of those areas to help our customers succeed and quickly get to the high value these capabilities offer.

Pradeep Ramani, Analyst

Thank you.

Aart de Geus, Chairman and Co-CEO

You’re welcome.

Operator, Operator

Next question comes from Charles Shi with Needham & Company. Please go ahead.

Charles Shi, Analyst

Hi, good afternoon. Thank you for taking my question. Maybe the first question is for Aart. You may be very well aware of the debate right now in the semiconductor industry cycles. Is there a debate about whether we're at the peak cycle or we are stronger for longer? Given your 40-year experience in this industry, can you give us a sense of how the cycle is treated? What do you think about the current cycle? Is it the same as both the previous ones you've seen? Or is there something different? How do you think the cycle affects the EDA industry and specifically your business?

Aart de Geus, Chairman and Co-CEO

I'm very clear about this. I think that we are into a long-term, great opportunity wave. The opportunity to change how the world operates with the combination of enormous amounts of data combined with machine learning, ultimately AI and automation, has a very, very big economic impact for every vertical. While one could argue that for many decades Moore's Law has sort of pushed technology forward and always had new benefits, now there is simultaneously a pool from end markets that all realize that they could potentially shave some economics out of their operations by just understanding the data better or even finding better solutions. I think that is so profound; it is as profound as computation impacting the world 35 years or 30 years ago. Now, at the same time, we are well aware there are some shortages of certain parts — actually a fairly limited set, but crucial set of components. I'm hesitant to call that a cycle. There have been interruptions in the supply chains due to global politics. COVID has stopped people from ordering. There have been many disruptions, and it's mostly older parts. Yes, there's some shortage there. There’s some additional capacity being built in. Most of the capacity is being lined up for advanced nodes because of the earlier point I made about all these new opportunities. There will always be a little bit of a supply and provider alignment cycle. In general, I think we're in for a decade of great opportunities in semiconductors, and of course, that includes us. We are very much in the middle of that, and we appreciate being a catalyst because we interact with the deepest technology with design, system configuration, optimization, and software and security. It puts us in a position to interact with all the players that have to engage well for success, and therein lies a big part of our enthusiasm.

Charles Shi, Analyst

Thank you. Maybe a quick follow-up for Trac. In terms of your full-year guidance and your fiscal second-quarter guidance, it does seem to imply there's a bit of moderation of your revenue in the second half of the fiscal year. I have to think the time-based revenue has been quite linear, typically growing steadily in maintenance services. I don't expect any non-linear parity there. I was kind of wondering if you're sort of expecting a little bit of a moderation in upfront revenue there, whether it's the hardware, perpetual licenses, or IP contracts going into the second half.

Trac Pham, Chief Financial Officer

Charles, the quarterization profile is a function of when we expect customers to pull down IP and hardware. So it's really those two items. Everything else, as you described, is quite linear — a little bumpy as well, but generally very linear.

Charles Shi, Analyst

Thank you. That’s all from me. Thank you.

Aart de Geus, Chairman and Co-CEO

You’re welcome.

Operator, Operator

And ladies and gentlemen, that does conclude our conference for today. Thank you for your participation and for using AT&T Teleconference. You may now disconnect.