Earnings Call Transcript - TDS Q2 2025

Operator, Operator

Thank you for your patience, and welcome to the TDS and Array Second Quarter 2025 Operating Results Conference Call. Please note that this conference is being recorded. I will now pass the call to your host, Colleen Thompson, Vice President of Corporate Relations. You may begin.

Colleen Thompson, Vice President of Corporate Relations

Good morning, and thank you for joining us. We want to make you all aware of the presentation we have prepared to accompany our comments this morning, which you can find on the Investor Relations section of the TDS and Array websites. With me today in offering prepared comments are from TDS, Walter Carlson, President and Chief Executive Officer; Vicki Villacrez, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer; from Array Digital Infrastructure, Doug Chambers, Interim President and CEO; from TDS Telecom, Kris Bothfeld, Vice President of Finance and Chief Financial Officer. This call is being simultaneously webcast on the TDS and Array Investor Relations website. Please see the websites for slides referred to on this call, including non-GAAP reconciliations. TDS and Array filed their SEC Forms 8-K, including the press releases and our 10-Qs earlier this morning. As shown on Slide 2, the information set forth in the presentation and discussed during this call contains statements about expected future events and financial results that are forward-looking and subject to risks and uncertainties. Please review the safe harbor paragraphs in our press releases and the extended version included in our SEC filings. And with that, I will now turn the call over to Walter Carlson. Walter?

Walter C. D. Carlson, Chairman, President & CEO

Thank you, Colleen, and good morning, everyone. We'll start on Slide 3 and review the progress that we've made on our priorities for 2025. As we announced on August 1, we are very pleased that we closed on the sale of UScellular wireless business and certain spectrum assets to T-Mobile. The teams at UScellular and TDS worked tirelessly over the last several years to negotiate and complete the $4.3 billion transaction. I also want to thank T-Mobile for their partnership in this transaction and throughout the integration process. This transaction unlocks significant value for shareholders and strengthens the balance sheets at both Array and TDS, as Vicki will discuss shortly. Equally important, completion of this sale will enable us to focus on our tower and fiber businesses, where we believe we are well positioned to win. Looking ahead, I am excited for a new chapter in the company's history. Going forward, we like the towers business and are operating under a new name, Array Digital Infrastructure, Inc. We believe Array has many opportunities. Array holds valuable assets, towers, spectrum and equity method investment interests, all of which are the product of significant work and investment over the prior 40 years. Our towers business at Array has an outstanding management team led by Doug Chambers. We believe Array is uniquely and attractively positioned, and we look forward to running a tower company. With approximately 4,400 towers, Array has the strength and stability of the new master license agreement with T-Mobile. And with increasing demand for data and communication services in the United States, we believe we have a great opportunity to grow colocations and margins over time. Turning to TDS Telecom. In June, we were pleased to announce Ken Dixon had joined us as the new CEO of TDS Telecom to lead that business going forward. Ken comes to us with decades of telecom and fiber experience. Ken has hit the ground running and his deep knowledge and expertise in sales, marketing, customer satisfaction and operations are already making a difference. I'm looking forward to you hearing from Ken on our next earnings call. Kris Bothfeld will report to you today on the progress that TDS Telecom made on our fiber business during the second quarter. Turning to the fourth item on our set of objectives. Throughout the year, we have made significant progress in strengthening our capital structure. This increases our financial flexibility and positions us to take advantage of opportunities as they present themselves. Vicki will highlight those accomplishments shortly. And lastly, with all of the changes in the organization, we remain focused on our culture and TDS' culture is one of its greatest strengths. I want to thank all of the teams across the TDS enterprise for their contributions and these accomplishments, and I'm excited about what lies ahead. I will now turn the call over to Vicki.

Vicki L. Villacrez, Executive VP, CFO & Director

Good morning, everyone. As mentioned by Walter, the closure of the T-Mobile transaction earlier this month was a significant move to enhance shareholder value and strengthen our businesses by concentrating on our competitive advantages. We have taken several steps that will bolster our financial position to promote business growth. To summarize, T-Mobile assumed $1.7 billion in debt through an exchange offer, leaving around $364 million on the Array balance sheet. We extended the revolvers for both TDS and Array and signed amendments to various term loans to ensure liquidity following the transaction as we prepare to establish a more sustainable capital structure. On August 1, the Array Board of Directors announced a special dividend of $23 per share, payable on August 19. TDS will receive its proportional share of approximately $1.63 billion. After the dividend is distributed to TDS, we intend to redeem about $1.1 billion in debt with a weighted average interest rate of 7.5%. These measures are expected to generate around $80 million in annual interest savings and decrease TDS's average cost of debt to just above 6%, including the preferreds. We intend to keep the perpetual preferred, Series UU and Series BV preferred stock, as they provide essential capital for our fiber program, and we currently have no plans to redeem them. In the past, we communicated the anticipated cash tax ranges related to the T-Mobile deal. Thanks to the new One Big Beautiful Bill, TDS expects benefits that will help offset taxes at the consolidated level, bringing the transaction tax estimate down to $150 million. The divestiture of our wireless operations has simplified the TDS portfolio and improved our financial flexibility, allowing us to concentrate on expanding our broadband and tower businesses and delivering substantial value to shareholders. TDS has a long-standing commitment to a disciplined financial policy while maintaining a relatively conservative balance sheet. With a significant portion of our debt repaid, we are aiming for a 3x leverage ratio at Array, amounting to $700 million in debt on Array's balance sheet. We expect TDS’s leverage to stay below 1.5x in the near future as we assess our next steps and strategic options for our fiber and tower businesses. Looking ahead, we expect Array to realize $2 billion from the previously announced spectrum sales, with some of the proceeds anticipated to be available later this year, subject to regulatory and customary approvals. Moreover, we will pursue opportunities to monetize the remaining spectrum at Array. Principally, we do not intend to keep excess cash on the balance sheet for an extended period without utilizing it. Accordingly, we foresee Array implementing a regular dividend once the spectrum deals are finalized. Therefore, we are developing a strategy for allocating resources across three primary categories, which we plan to refine and communicate with our investors in the future. First, fiber. We recognize significant opportunities for organic investments in fiber that present attractive returns exceeding our cost of capital. We believe we have an immediate opportunity to pursue these investments in areas currently lacking a fiber provider. With Ken Dixon’s support, we are working to size these investments. Second, mergers and acquisitions. We are actively evaluating this sector to identify opportunities that may accelerate growth at a reasonable price, especially for the fiber program. Third, shareholder returns. After we determine our growth opportunities, we will seek ways to enhance returns for our shareholders. Before handing the call over to Doug for further details, I wanted to mention that on August 1, S&P upgraded TDS' credit rating to BBB- from BB and removed it from credit watch. We are very pleased with this upgrade and believe it reflects our strong balance sheet, valuable assets, and positive growth outlook for our businesses. I will now turn the call over to Doug.

Douglas W. Chambers, Interim CEO, Interim President & Director

Thanks, Vicki. Good morning. I would like to start off by thanking the Board for placing its confidence in me to lead Array during this interim period, and I would also like to thank LT and the UScellular leadership team that have guided us through the process to the successful close of the T-Mobile transaction. Slide 6 summarizes the proceeds received from the T-Mobile transaction, along with various transaction-related costs and other items that impacted our cash available for distribution. We are pleased to return these funds to shareholders through the special dividend previously mentioned by Vicki. Further, as we have discussed previously, the sale of our wireless operations to T-Mobile is a win for our customers and for our associates. Our customers will have enhanced connectivity with the combined networks of the two companies and access to lower prices and more features, and a significant number of our associates accepted positions with T-Mobile. We are very pleased that our customers and associates are in great hands as part of the T-Mobile family. Further, the sale of portions of our spectrum to T-Mobile, along with the pending spectrum sales to AT&T and Verizon are wins for rural America as this spectrum will be deployed to serve customers across our nation, and we look forward to opportunistically monetizing our remaining spectrum to ensure this spectrum can also be put to use to serve customers across America. With that, I am excited to discuss our business going forward, Array Digital Infrastructure. Slides 7 and 8 summarize the status of our efforts to opportunistically monetize our spectrum. As previously announced, we have reached agreements to monetize approximately 70% of Array's total spectrum holdings, including the T-Mobile transaction and agreements with AT&T and Verizon. The AT&T and Verizon transactions will result in additional gross proceeds of $2.0 billion. We expect cash taxes on the AT&T and Verizon transactions of approximately $125 million and in the range of $200 million to $250 million, respectively. Further, we expect the AT&T and Verizon transactions to close in the second half of 2025 and the third quarter of 2026, respectively, subject to regulatory approval and other closing conditions. Also, following the closing of each of the AT&T and Verizon transactions, we anticipate that the Array Board will declare special dividends to distribute a substantial portion of the resulting net proceeds. The large majority of the remaining spectrum is C-band spectrum, and we believe these licenses are attractive beachfront spectrum for 5G, and there's an existing infrastructure ecosystem so carriers are easily able to put this C-band spectrum to use. And although there are build-out requirements associated with this band, first one's deadline does not apply until 2029, so there's plenty of time for us to monetize this spectrum. Turning to Slide 9. Following the close of the T-Mobile transactions and divestiture of our wireless operations, our going-forward business has three components: the fifth largest U.S. tower business with 4,400 owned towers, noncontrolling investment interest, which primarily consists of investments in wireless operating companies managed by Verizon and AT&T and the retained spectrum. Turning to Slide 10. I would like to discuss the strategic priorities of Array to position the business for continued success. Two key priorities will be to close the pending spectrum transactions with AT&T and Verizon and to continue to opportunistically monetize the remaining spectrum. Focusing on the tower business, now that we are set up as an independent tower company and have the strong team in place from our existing business, we have two key strategic priorities going forward. Ground lease optimization has been and remains a key priority as we seek to expand our long-term ownership easement and lease agreements with our ground lessors. The other key priority of the tower business is continued strong revenue growth, which we have been achieving through robust new colocations and will be further bolstered by the new T-Mobile master license agreement or MLA, which commenced on August 1 upon the close of the larger transaction. Turning to Slide 11. Implementation of the new MLA between T-Mobile and Array will be a significant near-term focus as T-Mobile has committed to 2,015 colocation sites for a period of 15 years beginning August 1 and has also extended the term on 600 existing colocations by 15 years from the same August 1 date. Also effective August 1, T-Mobile will have interim leases on 1,800 sites for a period of 30 months, which they may cancel at their discretion during this period. We expect this MLA with T-Mobile to significantly strengthen our tower business with substantial increases in long-term revenue and profitability. Turning to our tower operations and results on Slides 12 and 13. Third-party tower revenues increased by 12% and the number of third-party colocations increased by 6% year-over-year. One area that we believe will continue to drive momentum is our decision in the fourth quarter of 2024 to bring our sales function in-house. We have built strong sales leadership and have hired an outstanding sales team that we believe will position us well for future revenue growth. We also benefit from MLAs with all three major U.S. carriers, which provide for compelling pricing and ease of doing business with Array that benefits both Array and our large carrier tenants. In addition, as we have discussed in the past, one-third of our towers have no competing tower structure within a two-mile radius, and we believe this attribute positions our tower portfolio well for future colocation growth. Going forward, upon divestiture of our wireless operations, Array will lose UScellular as a tenant on every owned tower as reported historically in our tower segment and gain T-Mobile as a tenant on a significant amount of incremental towers subject to the MLA. As a result, Array's reported tenancy rate will decline from a reported amount of 1.57 at June 30, 2025, to approximately 1.0 at August 1 upon close of the T-Mobile transaction and commencement of the related MLA. This 1.0 tenancy rate excludes T-Mobile interim tower sites. Further, intercompany revenues allocated to the Tower segment from UScellular's wireless business will be reduced to zero in future periods, and this will be partially offset by incremental revenues from the T-Mobile MLA. Shifting to our equity method investments, distributions from our noncontrolling investment interest increased from $58 million to $77 million in the second quarter of 2024 and 2025, respectively. Of this increase, approximately $23 million was related to nonrecurring distributions from Verizon wireless partnerships related to their tower transaction with Vertical Bridge that closed in December 2024. As we have indicated previously, we are not providing guidance on Array's expected operational and financial results for 2025. We expect to incur additional wind-down costs for the remainder of 2025 and into 2026 as the business transforms from primarily a wireless service provider to an independent tower company, and we expect these wind-down expenses to negatively impact profitability and adjusted EBITDA during this period. We expect to provide additional tower-related financial and operational metrics in the third quarter of 2025, which will represent our initial quarter reporting as an independent tower company. Regulatory approvals on the sale of the wireless operations occurred in the third quarter. Therefore, discontinued operations reporting will be applicable and presented in the third quarter filings. Lastly, the details of the T-Mobile transaction are discussed in the subsequent events footnote in our second quarter Form 10-Q. I would like to convey my deepest appreciation and gratitude to all of the UScellular associates who have provided many years of dedicated service to carry out our mission of connecting our customers to what matters most. We would not be here today without your outstanding service, dedication, determination, and enthusiasm. UScellular is a special carrier with special people for many years, and we will all remember UScellular proudly and fondly. I would like to also express my thanks to the Array employees that are operating the tower business. They have worked extremely hard and have made our transition to an independent tower company a success. These are exciting times, and I look forward to working with this talented team to continue to drive success in our tower business. I will now turn the call over to Kris Bothfeld.

Kristina Bothfeld, VP of Finance & CFO

Thank you, Doug. Good morning, everyone. Turning to Slide 15. As Walter mentioned, Ken Dixon recently joined the telecom team as CEO, and the organization is energized and excited for what's ahead under his leadership. Turning to the quarter. We delivered 27,000 new fiber service addresses and remain confident in achieving our goal of 150,000 fiber addresses this year. We are pleased that E-ACAM construction kicked off at the end of the first quarter and is now underway in multiple states. During the second quarter, we began bringing E-ACAM customers online, an exciting milestone for the program. As a reminder, over the next several years, E-ACAM is expected to contribute approximately 300,000 additional addresses to our fiber footprint. As our E-ACAM builds continue to ramp over the second half of the year, we expect service address growth in fiber net adds to follow. In the quarter, we also generated 10,300 fiber net additions, leading to 19% growth in total fiber connections since last year. Lastly, we closed on the sale of our Colorado ILEC markets on June 2 and recently announced the pending sale of our ILEC companies in Oklahoma. Although these transactions impact short-term results, they are a key part of our strategy to optimize our portfolio and exit copper markets where there is not an economic path to fiber. Turning to Slide 16. You can see our progress towards the long-term fiber goals we shared earlier this year. We are targeting 1.8 million marketable fiber service addresses. We ended the quarter at 968,000. We are also targeting 80% of total addresses to be served by fiber. We ended the quarter at 53%. And finally, we expect to offer speeds of 1 gig or higher to at least 95% of our footprint, and we finished the quarter with 75% at gig speeds. To reach this target, we will use a combination of fiber and coax technologies. Our goal is to reduce the number of addresses served by copper to less than 5% over time. Turning to Slide 17. The graph on the left shows the significant growth in our total footprint, up 27% over the last 3 years, driven by our fiber investments. The graph on the right shows the most recent 5 quarters of fiber service address delivery. This quarter is flat compared to prior year. Our service address growth generally ramps throughout the year, which is consistent with our expectations for this year. We've added 41,000 addresses through the second quarter and plan to hit 150,000 new fiber addresses this year as we continue to increase the number of construction crews. We are also on track to hit an exciting milestone in the back half of the year, 1 million marketable fiber service addresses. It will be a big achievement for the company and a reflection of the momentum behind our growing fiber program. Turning to Slide 18. The graph on the left highlights our residential fiber connection growth. Connections have nearly doubled over the past 3 years, driven by our expansion efforts and the ongoing conversion of copper customers to fiber products in our incumbent markets. As we invest in fiber, we expect residential broadband connection growth to continue. The graph on the right shows the last 5 quarters of residential fiber net additions. We delivered 10,300 this quarter, comparable to the same period last year. On Slide 19, we grew total service addresses 5% year-over-year. On the right side of the slide, we see increased demand for higher broadband speeds with 83% of our residential broadband customers taking 100 meg or higher and 26% taking 1 gig or higher at the end of the quarter. When looking at new customers that we added in the quarter, 56% took speeds of 1 gig or higher. Demand for faster speeds remains strong. On Slide 20, average residential revenue per connection was up 1% year-over-year due primarily to price increases. As reflected in our guidance, we expect more modest growth in residential revenue per connection this year as we focus on driving penetration. The chart on the right shows our revenue comparison year-over-year. Overall revenue is down 1%. As a reminder, divested markets accounted for a $4 million decrease in revenues compared to prior year. We'll talk more about revenues on the next slide. On Slide 21, I'll touch on the financials. Total operating revenues were down 1% in the second quarter compared to prior year. Excluding the impact of divestitures, revenue increased 1%, driven by growth in fiber subscribers and higher residential revenue per connection. This growth was partially offset by continued declines in our legacy cable and copper markets. Cash expenses increased 1% or $2 million year-over-year. As we discussed last quarter, this increase in expense aligns with our 2025 priorities, which include investments in sales and marketing and advancing our transformation efforts. We're also continuing to staff our internal construction crews to drive more cost-effective address growth when compared to external contractors. Capital expenditures were higher than the same period last year, primarily due to spending on the E-ACAM program. We expect both CapEx and service address delivery to continue to increase in the back half of the year as we accelerate construction to deliver 150,000 new fiber service addresses in 2025. Over 80% of our full year capital expenditures will be focused on fiber. Slide 22 shows our revised 2025 guidance. We have updated the ranges for revenue, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted OIBDA to reflect the divestiture of our Oklahoma ILEC market, which was not included in our previous guidance as well as ongoing declines in our cable and copper markets. We are now projecting revenues to be in the range of $1.03 billion to $1.05 billion. Adjusted EBITDA is expected to be $320 million to $350 million. Adjusted OIBDA is expected to be $310 million to $340 million, and our CapEx guidance remains unchanged. Before closing, I want to recognize the entire TDS Telecom team for their outstanding commitment and hard work. We have a lot in flight, and I'm confident in the team's ability to execute. We're building momentum as we head into the second half of the year, and I'm excited about the company's future. I will now turn the call back over to Walter.

Walter C. D. Carlson, Chairman, President & CEO

Thank you, Kris. Before opening it up for questions, I want to share a few concluding thoughts. We are pleased to have closed the T-Mobile transaction and are pleased to be able to use the proceeds to improve our balance sheet and to fund our fiber program. We also look forward to closing the AT&T and Verizon spectrum sales and thoughtfully deploying those proceeds back into the business and into returns to shareholders. TDS is in a strong financial position and has excellent operating businesses in both towers and broadband. We look forward to continuing to delight our customers and to build our businesses. Now operator, Janine, let's open it up to questions.

Operator, Operator

Our first question comes from Ric Prentiss from Raymond James.

Richard Hamilton Prentiss, Analyst

Nice to get the T-Mobile deal over the finish line. I want to start on the TDS Telecom side. Obviously, there's definitely an incentive to race to plant the fiber flag. I know Dixon just started recently. But can you give us an idea of when you can update us on would you expand and accelerate the 1.8 million service addresses?

Kristina Bothfeld, VP of Finance & CFO

Rick, this is Kris Bothfeld. Yes, we are super excited that Ken Dixon joined. He brings a lot of enthusiasm, momentum. And right now, we do think that there's a significant opportunity for Edge-Outs in our footprint to further expand our fiber footprint, and we're currently sizing those opportunities, and we expect to share more in the upcoming quarters. But I will say that we intentionally chose specific markets to flag plant that we thought had great Edge-Out and clustering abilities. So again, I just want to reinforce that we think there's significant opportunity, but we're just not quite yet ready to share exactly what that looks like.

Vicki L. Villacrez, Executive VP, CFO & Director

Thank you, Kris. Ric, I want to emphasize that this is a crucial part of our future capital allocation strategy. With Ken on the team, we are very enthusiastic about his insights into the business and the opportunities ahead. We will provide more information in due course.

Richard Hamilton Prentiss, Analyst

Okay. And Vicki, I think you mentioned TDS would keep leverage under 1.5 turns while you evaluate that. Where do you see leverage at the TDS Telecom side kind of stabilizing at longer term?

Vicki L. Villacrez, Executive VP, CFO & Director

Well, TDS Telecom is certainly consolidated and a wholly owned subsidiary of TDS. So I'm looking at it collectively. As you know, we're putting in place leverage at the Array balance sheet at 3x. We expect when we complete our spectrum transactions that we could put in place if the Array Board of Directors would approve a more regular dividend and that would provide funding on a longer-term basis. So when I'm looking at our opportunities at TDS Telecom and on the TDS consolidated basis, we're going to have significant proceeds that will help fund our opportunities, which is why we're looking right now to put a more rigorous and defined capital allocation strategy in place. So we haven't quantified it yet, but we'll come back and share that with you. But for right now, we expect to stay at 1.5x, which is really all the debt is paid off at the TDS level and with leaving the preferreds in place and then we have an option on our export credit with the $150 million on whether we keep that in place or pay that off in the near term.

Richard Hamilton Prentiss, Analyst

Continuing on the TDS Telecom side. Interesting to hear you brought the construction crew in or some construction crew in-house. We've been hearing about there could be some labor issues, material issues, particularly as the One Big Beautiful Bill kind of has ramped people's homes past service addresses past thing. So can you talk a little bit just about access to getting the build plan done?

Kristina Bothfeld, VP of Finance & CFO

Yes, Rick, we remain confident in our ability to reach our goal of 150,000 service addresses for the year. To provide some additional context, we experienced a slight delay in finalizing our E-ACAM contracts, but those are now in place, and our crews are ramping up their efforts. We expect to see a significant increase in E-ACAM construction and address delivery in the second half of the year. We're also expanding our internal and external construction crews to support these builds. It's worth noting that our delivery tends to be seasonal; typically, we see about 70% of our address deliveries occurring in the latter half of the year. We're encouraged by the strong momentum we've observed, with June marking our highest address delivery of the year, followed by an even better performance in July. We are optimistic about achieving our target of 150,000 addresses for the year.

Richard Hamilton Prentiss, Analyst

Okay, and my last question is about TDS Telecom. I think it would be useful to have some cohort analysis for what you deployed in 2022 and 2023. This would help us understand the rapid evolution of the industry and clarify the ultimate penetration goals, market share, and margins. Do you have any plans to provide a cohort analysis in the future? Also, what are your views on the ultimate penetration levels in your fiber markets?

Kristina Bothfeld, VP of Finance & CFO

Yes. We are beginning to report on this internally and plan to share it externally very soon. To remind you, for our expansion markets, we expect around 25% to 30% penetration by month 12. This is due to our aggressive presales strategy, where we engage with potential customers 60 days before new addresses are delivered. This leads to high presales penetration at launch, giving us a strong starting point by month 12. By year five, we anticipate reaching a steady-state penetration of 40% in these expansion markets. Some areas will take longer to reach that target, while others will achieve it more quickly, and we are focusing on those that progress more slowly. Additionally, we have our E-ACAM fiber markets that showcase favorable competitive conditions, as any E-ACAM-eligible location lacks gig-capable competition. This represents about 30% of our ILEC footprint, and we expect penetration in those areas to be between 65% and 75%.

Vicki L. Villacrez, Executive VP, CFO & Director

Yes, that's really good background, Kris. And to answer your question, Rick, we have cohort penetration reporting in place internally that we've been reviewing with Ken Dixon on board, and we intend to share that. I think those are critical proof points that are the underpinning of our investments that we're making as we go forward. So we will bring that to investors.

Richard Hamilton Prentiss, Analyst

That's really great news. I appreciate that, and I know the market will appreciate that. Quickly for Ken. Tower reporting, good to hear that's coming as well. I'm getting my Christmas list early this year. The dividend sizing, would that be kind of sized on AFFO, so we can kind of see a payout ratio? And the other quick one to tag to that is time to close AT&T, you're saying second half. Are you thinking that's like a 3-month process post T-Mobile closing? Or is that kind of closer to year-end? Just trying to think through dividend timing.

Douglas W. Chambers, Interim CEO, Interim President & Director

Yes, regarding the AFFO reporting and dividend per share, we will provide all that information in Q3. As I mentioned, our first quarter reporting as an independent tower company will be in Q3. Concerning the AT&T spectrum closing, it is pending FCC approval, which is beyond our control. Our best estimate for timing is the second half of 2025, but we cannot be more specific right now.

Operator, Operator

Our next question comes from the line of Sebastiano Petti from JPMorgan.

Sebastiano Carmine Petti, Analyst

Congratulations on closing the T-Mobile transaction. Following up on Rick's comments, I wanted to address the fiber backdrop. Kris, it’s great to hear about your confidence in the delivery and the targeted locations for the year, which stands at 150,000. How should we view the trajectory of overall fiber broadband additions this year? Should we expect higher fiber additions year-on-year, considering the 150,000 target is still on track? Additionally, related to Rick's comments on cohort analysis, investors are curious about the growth stemming from your expansion markets. With these extensive build-out programs, is the white space opportunity diminishing? Can you provide some context on your confidence in net additions and any changes in the competitive landscape? I have a follow-up for Doug as well.

Kristina Bothfeld, VP of Finance & CFO

Sebastiano. Yes, regarding your question about fiber net additions, we are still aiming for year-over-year improvement in fiber net additions. As I mentioned earlier, our sales model is closely linked to the delivery of new fiber addresses, thanks to our proactive presales strategy, which involves preselling all new addresses 60 days prior to their launch. Consequently, when we experience delays in address delivery at the beginning of the year, our net additions typically slow down as well. However, we anticipate a significant boost in address delivery in the latter half of the year due to our E-ACAM builds gaining momentum and the addition of more construction crews. We expect that net additions will align with this increased address delivery. We are also focusing on previously launched addresses that still lack TDS fiber service, implementing additional strategies led by Ken Dixon to aggressively target those areas and enhance our penetration. With these strategies and our fully staffed door-to-door team as we enter the second half of the year, we remain optimistic about improving our net additions for the entire year compared to last year. Regarding competition, specifically in our expansion markets, we selectively chose nearly 100 communities based on their favorable competitive and growth characteristics. We focused on Tier 2 and Tier 3 communities under the assumption that these would be lower priority for Incumbent Local Exchange Carriers to upgrade, and this has proven to be accurate. We remain confident and pleased with the competitive landscape in our expansion markets.

Douglas W. Chambers, Interim CEO, Interim President & Director

Sebastiano. And so the nice thing with the C-band spectrum is, one, it's deployable now, and it's very desirable mid-band spectrum, as you know. The other thing I mentioned in my script is that our first build deadline is until 2029. Second build deadline is 2031. So we have the luxury of time to be opportunistic about the sale of the spectrum. Certainly, supply and demand of spectrum and what's coming available through FCC auction and DISH and what happens there is a factor. We're considering that. And our goal is to maximize the value, and we have time to do it. And our strategy is to take the time we need to make sure we're realizing the best value, and we'll be gauging interest in doing our marketing in the future.

Operator, Operator

Our next question comes from the line of Vikash Harlalka from New Street Research.

Vikash Harlalka, Analyst

A couple of questions on the business side at TDS Telecom and then just a broader question on M&A. On the business side, can you just provide us an update on your mobile launch? If I remember correctly, you've done some test markets. Where are you in terms of launching it nationwide?

Kristina Bothfeld, VP of Finance & CFO

So an update on our MVNO is we launched in select markets in the fourth quarter of 2024. We're calling our MVNO product, TDS Mobile. We just launched in the second quarter to all markets across our footprint. We have been taking a very phased methodical approach as we're trying to work out all the kinks and ensure a great customer experience. But we are very excited because now we'll be able to offer the same products as our competitors. And in some markets, this will actually be a differentiator against our competition. It's also allowing us to offer the products that our customers want and should help us attract and retain customers over time. So we're very pleased, and we're just getting kind of fully launched, and we expect to see a lot more growth in the future.

Vikash Harlalka, Analyst

And then my second question was about your pricing. I saw that recently you launched a gig product for $49.99. That's a very aggressive pricing. What kind of step-up should customers see and over what time frame on that?

Kristina Bothfeld, VP of Finance & CFO

Our pricing strategy largely depends on the competitive landscape in each market. We aim to ensure there are no barriers to entry, so our entry-level pricing is typically as competitive as other providers. To maintain healthy economics, we usually implement a price increase after two years, typically around $20. However, we are currently experimenting with various pricing strategies, and in some cases, we are offering prices without that future increase. We're in a test and learn phase to determine the best approach for optimization.

Vikash Harlalka, Analyst

Got it. That's helpful. And then last question on M&A. You mentioned that you'll be looking for opportunities at the TDS Telecom level. Could you just give us some idea of what kind of assets you're looking at? I'm assuming you're only looking at fiber assets. What kind of profile are you looking at for those assets?

Walter C. D. Carlson, Chairman, President & CEO

Yes. And with the bringing in-house of the proceeds from the T-Mobile transaction and the expected proceeds from the AT&T and Verizon transactions, I'd say we are at the beginning point of considering what M&A opportunities would make sense. And in particular, we are focused on fiber opportunities and fiber opportunities that would be synergistic with our existing properties and footprint. So it's just at the beginning of that analysis and more to come in the future.

Operator, Operator

Our last question comes from the line of Sergey Dluzhevskiy from Gabelli.

Sergey Dluzhevskiy, Analyst

My first question is for Doug. Doug, maybe you could talk a little bit about the main building blocks of your growth strategy for the Tower business and the key steps that you're taking already to accelerate third-party colocations and what else on that front you expect to do maybe over the next 12 to 24 months? What you would be doing differently potentially as an independent provider? And what parts of your tower business you view as generally underappreciated by investors in your opinion?

Douglas W. Chambers, Interim CEO, Interim President & Director

Okay, Sergey. In the fourth quarter of 2024, we transitioned our sales team and intake operations in-house from an outsourced provider and hired a head of sales. This has proven to be very beneficial for us. Our new colo applications in the first half of 2025 are up over 100% compared to the first quarter of 2024, and the team is doing an excellent job. They are fully staffed, and we are very pleased with their progress. Part of the revenue increase of 12% quarter-over-quarter can be attributed to application fees received in 2025 that were not received in 2024. However, even without those fees, we achieved a 7% quarter-over-quarter increase. We also have strong Master Lease Agreements with all three carriers, which offer attractive pricing. The carriers appreciate these agreements, and they provide us with good economics and ease of implementation. We believe this positively impacts our business, and the new T-Mobile MLA is an additional advantage. Additionally, now that Array is a separate brand outside of a carrier, it may not be a major benefit, but it does allow for more focus and enhances our perception as a dedicated tower company. We also anticipate positive momentum from carrier investments over the next three years. Therefore, we are very optimistic about our future sales growth as we continue to do the right things with our team. Currently, we are focused on implementing the T-Mobile MLA, which is a significant endeavor for our organization, and we are looking forward to its successful completion.

Kristina Bothfeld, VP of Finance & CFO

Sergey, so what I'll say, over the next several years, we do have a handful of top strategic priorities that we're marching towards. First and foremost, like you said, is executing on the build plan and expanding our fiber footprint. We have a few large programs in place. E-ACAM, which we're very excited about to bring fiber to more rural areas. We have our expansion program, which is continuing to build to the 100 communities and hopefully even accelerate those. You also heard Vicki and I talk about Edge-Out opportunities. So we're going to continue to look at even expanding the fiber footprint further. That's one. Number two is executing our sales and marketing and driving revenue and driving penetration. And so there's a lot of different efforts in place. This is where Ken Dixon and his background is great because this is his sweet spot. And so there's a lot of initiatives in place to ensure that we hit our targeted penetration curves as we deliver those addresses. And then lastly, is the executing on our business transformation. So last quarter, I talked about how we've been transforming into a fiber company in a meaningful way over the last few years. But now we're also focused on streamlining our operations, enhancing elements of the customer experience, all to make sure we're driving margin improvement, OCF expansion over the next several years. So those are really our top three priorities as we look over the next few years.

Walter C. D. Carlson, Chairman, President & CEO

Sergey, thank you. Obviously, we've been focused immensely on the very near term in terms of the T-Mobile transaction, the AT&T and Verizon transactions. Over the intermediate horizon or near to intermediate horizon, we do have additional spectrum that you spoke to, and we do believe we will be successful in monetizing that for many of the reasons that Doug stated. That frees up a lot of capital. And you're right that a tower business, which we believe will be very successful, is different in concept perhaps than a largely consumer or small business-focused fiber business. So they are different in concept, but they're in the same industry and the financial power that the tower business can bring to the enterprise is very significant. So from my perspective, I view the combined power of these two businesses as we improve the execution that we have. And I think there will be a lot of value unlocked through improved execution, as Doug and Kris have each indicated. And that will redound greatly to shareholder value. In terms of longer-term ideas with respect to other ways to unlock value, those will be considered. They're not the nearest-term priority, but they are very much on our mind, and we will continue to report to you as we go forward. I do think there are synergies between the type of thinking that goes into building a tower business and making it successful as well as the type of thinking that goes into making the fiber business successful. So they are different, but they are related in good ways that are productive.

Operator, Operator

Thank you. This concludes our Q&A session. I will now turn the call over back to Colleen Thompson for closing remarks.

Colleen Thompson, Vice President of Corporate Relations

Okay. Thanks, everyone, for joining us today. Please reach out to Investor Relations with any additional questions, and have a great week. Operator we can sign off.

Operator, Operator

This concludes today's conference. You may now disconnect.