8-K

TYLER TECHNOLOGIES INC (TYL)

8-K 2025-02-12 For: 2025-02-12
View Original
Added on April 08, 2026

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

_____________________________________________

FORM 8-K

_____________________________________________

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

February 12, 2025 (February 12, 2025)

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported)

_____________________________________________

TYLER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

_____________________________________________

Delaware 1-10485 75-2303920
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation organization) (Commission <br>File Number) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 5101 TENNYSON PARKWAY PLANO Texas 75024
--- --- --- ---
(Address of principal executive offices) (City) (State) (Zip code)

(972) 713-3700

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):

☐  Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

☐  Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

☐  Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

☐  Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c)

Title of each class Trading symbol Name of each exchange<br><br>on which registered
COMMON STOCK, $0.01 PAR VALUE TYL New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Item 2.02     Results of Operations and Financial Condition

On February 12, 2025, Tyler Technologies, Inc. issued the earnings news release announcing results from operations and financial condition as of December 31, 2024, attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1, which news release is incorporated by reference herein.

Exhibit number Exhibit description
99.1 News Release issued by Tyler Technologies, Inc. dated February 12, 2025
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded in the Inline XBRL document)
SIGNATURES
---

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

TYLER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
/s/ Brian K. Miller
February 12, 2025 By: Brian K. Miller<br>Executive Vice President and Chief Financial<br>Officer (principal financial officer)

Document

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Tyler Technologies Reports Earnings for Fourth Quarter 2024

Strong results fueled by greater than 20% growth in both SaaS and transaction-based revenues

PLANO, Texas – February 12, 2025 – Tyler Technologies, Inc. (NYSE: TYL), a large-cap growth and value equity company, today announced financial results for the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2024.

Fourth Quarter 2024 Financial Highlights (all comparisons are to the fourth quarter of 2023):

Revenues

Total revenues were $541.1 million, up 12.5%.

Recurring Revenues

Recurring revenues from subscriptions and maintenance were $463.9 million, up 14.9%, and comprised 85.7% of total revenues, up from 83.9%.

•Subscription revenues were $348.8 million, up 21.9%.

◦Within subscriptions:

◦SaaS revenues grew 23.0% to $173.4 million.

◦Transaction-based revenues grew 20.9% to $175.4 million.

•SaaS arrangements comprised approximately 97% of the total new software contract value, up from approximately 89%.

•Annualized recurring revenue (ARR) was $1.86 billion, up 14.9%.

Earnings/EBITDA

•GAAP operating income was $71.7 million, up 50.1%. Non-GAAP operating income was $131.8 million, up 22.7%.

•GAAP net income was $65.2 million, or $1.49 per diluted share, up 67.7%. Non-GAAP net income was $106.7 million, or $2.43 per diluted share, up 31.2%.

•Adjusted EBITDA was $142.8 million, up 21.0%.

Cash Flow

•Cash flows from operations were $224.8 million, up 52.5%.

•Free cash flow was $216.0 million, up 60.7%.

•During the fourth quarter, cash tax payments included approximately $10 million related to IRC Section 174 capitalization rules.

Tyler Technologies Reports Earnings

for Fourth Quarter 2024

February 12, 2025

Page 2

Full Year 2024 Financial Highlights (all comparisons are to the full year of 2023):

Revenues

Total revenues were $2.138 billion, up 9.5%.

Recurring Revenues

Recurring revenues were $1.81 billion, up 11.1%, and comprised 84.5% of 2024 revenues, up from 83.3%.

•Subscription revenues were $1.34 billion, up 15.8%.

◦Within subscriptions:

◦SaaS revenues grew 22.1% to $644.8 million.

◦Transaction-based revenues grew 10.5% to $698.2 million.

•SaaS arrangements comprised approximately 96% of the total new software contract value, up from approximately 85%.

Earnings/EBITDA

•GAAP operating income was $299.5 million, up 37.1%. Non-GAAP operating income was $523.8 million, up 16.9%.

•GAAP net income was $263.0 million, or $6.05 per diluted share, up 58.5%. Non-GAAP net income was $415.3 million, or $9.55 per diluted share, up 24.5%.

•Adjusted EBITDA was $567.8 million, up 16.6%.

Cash Flow

•Cash flows from operations were $624.6 million, up 64.2%.

•Free cash flow was $574.7 million, up 75.5%.

•Cash tax payments in 2024 included approximately $54 million related to IRC Section 174 capitalization rules.

“Our fourth quarter results provided a solid finish to an exceptional year of growth and profitability as we executed on our key objectives across financial, operational, and strategic initiatives,” said Lynn Moore, Tyler’s president and chief executive officer. “We achieved recurring revenue growth of nearly 15%, driven by SaaS revenue growth of 23% and transaction revenue growth of almost 21%. SaaS adoption continued to accelerate with both new and existing clients, with 97% of new software contract value in the cloud.

“We're pleased with the trajectory of flips from on-premises to cloud deployments, as the total contract value from flips signed this quarter grew 58%, and the average annual recurring revenue of flips rose nearly 32%. In addition, free cash flow significantly exceeded our expectations, reaching a new high for a fourth quarter.

“Public sector market conditions remain strong with robust demand supported by healthy budgets and a growing focus on digital modernization. We enter 2025 with tremendous optimism and confidence in our long-term growth strategy, supported by our broad suite of uniquely integrated offerings, unmatched installed base, and deep client relationships that are fueling cross-sell momentum. We are well positioned with a fortified balance sheet and a clear path for achieving our 2025 and 2030 targets,” concluded Moore.

Tyler Technologies Reports Earnings

for Fourth Quarter 2024

February 12, 2025

Page 3

Annual Guidance for 2025

As of February 12, 2025, Tyler Technologies is providing the following guidance for the full year 2025:

•Total revenues are expected to be in the range of $2.30 billion to $2.34 billion.

◦Subscription revenues are expected to grow between 15% and 18%.

▪Within subscriptions:

•SaaS revenues are expected to grow between 21% and 24%.

•Transaction revenues are expected to grow between 10% and 12%.

◦Maintenance revenues are expected to decline between 4% and 6%.

◦Professional services revenues are expected to be flat to decline 3%.

◦Software licenses and royalties are expected to decline between 18% to 20%.

◦Hardware and other revenues are expected to decline between 18% and 20%.

•GAAP diluted earnings per share are expected to be in the range of $7.31 to $7.56.

•Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share are expected to be in the range of $10.90 to $11.15.

•Free cash flow margin is expected to be in the range of 24% to 26%.

•Research and development expense is expected to be in the range of $177 million to $182 million.

•Capital expenditures are expected to be in the range of $32 million to $34 million, including approximately $19 million of capitalized software development costs.

Tyler Technologies Reports Earnings

for Fourth Quarter 2024

February 12, 2025

Page 4

GAAP to non-GAAP guidance reconciliation 2025
GAAP diluted earnings per share (1) $7.31 - $7.56
Plus:
Share-based compensation expense 3.25
Amortization of acquired software and other intangibles 2.04
Less:
Income tax impact (1) (1.70)
Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share $10.90 - $11.15
Shares used in computing diluted earnings per share (millions) 44.6
GAAP estimated annual effective tax rate used in computing GAAP diluted earnings per share (1) 17.0%
Non-GAAP estimated annual effective tax rate used in computing non-GAAP diluted earnings per share (2) 22.5%
(1) GAAP diluted earnings per share may fluctuate due to the impact on our annual effective tax rate of discrete tax items, such as stock incentive awards, future acquisitions, changes in tax legislation, and other transactions.
(2) The non-GAAP estimated annual effective tax rate is expected to be 22.5%, up from 22.0% in 2024.

Conference Call

Tyler Technologies will hold a conference call on Thursday, February 13, 2025, at 10:00 a.m. ET to discuss the company’s results. Participants can pre-register for the teleconference here. Alternatively, participants can also join the teleconference by dialing 646-307-1963 and providing the operator with the conference name or entering access code 89698 to join the live call.

The live audio webcast and archived replay can also be accessed at the Events & Presentations section of Tyler's investor relations website.

About Tyler Technologies, Inc.

Tyler Technologies (NYSE: TYL) is a leading provider of integrated software and technology services for the public sector. Tyler’s end-to-end solutions empower local, state, and federal government entities to operate efficiently and transparently with residents and each other. By connecting data and processes across disparate systems, Tyler’s solutions transform how clients turn actionable insights into opportunities and solutions for their communities. Tyler has more than 45,000 successful installations across 13,000 locations, with clients in all 50 states, Canada, the Caribbean, Australia, and other international locations. Tyler has been recognized numerous times for growth and innovation, including on Government Technology’s GovTech 100 list. More information about Tyler Technologies, an S&P 500 company headquartered in Plano, Texas, can be found at tylertech.com.

Tyler Technologies Reports Earnings

for Fourth Quarter 2024

February 12, 2025

Page 5

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Tyler Technologies has provided in this press release financial measures that have not been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and are therefore considered non-GAAP financial measures. This information includes non-GAAP gross profit, non-GAAP gross margin, non-GAAP operating income, non-GAAP operating margin, non-GAAP net income, non-GAAP earnings per diluted share, EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, free cash flow, and free cash flow margin. We use these non-GAAP financial measures internally in analyzing our financial results and believe they are useful to investors, as a supplement to GAAP measures, in evaluating Tyler’s ongoing operational performance because they provide additional insight in comparing results from period to period while isolating the effects of some items that vary from period to period without correlation to core operating performance. Tyler believes the use of these non-GAAP financial measures provides an additional tool for investors to use in evaluating ongoing operating results and trends and in comparing our financial results with other companies in our industry, many of which present similar non-GAAP financial measures. EBITDA is net income before interest expense, other income, income taxes, depreciation, and amortization. Non-GAAP and adjusted financial measures discussed above exclude share-based compensation expense, employer portion of payroll taxes on employee stock transactions, expenses associated with amortization of intangibles arising from business combinations, acquisition-related expenses, and lease restructuring costs and other. Annualized recurring revenue (ARR) is calculated by annualizing the current quarter's recurring revenues from subscriptions and maintenance.

Tyler currently uses a non-GAAP tax rate of 22.5%. This rate is based on Tyler's estimated annual GAAP income tax rate forecast, adjusted to account for items excluded from GAAP income in calculating Tyler's non-GAAP income, as well as significant non-recurring tax adjustments. The non-GAAP tax rate used in future periods will be reviewed periodically to determine whether it remains appropriate in consideration of factors including Tyler's periodic annual effective tax rate calculated in accordance with GAAP, changes resulting from tax legislation, changes in the geographic mix of revenues and expenses, and other factors deemed significant. Due to differences in tax treatment of items excluded from non-GAAP earnings, as well as the methodology applied to Tyler's estimated annual tax rate as described above, the estimated tax rate on non-GAAP income may differ from the GAAP tax rate and from Tyler's actual tax liabilities.

Non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, or superior to, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. The non-GAAP measures used by Tyler Technologies may be different from non-GAAP measures used by other companies. Investors are encouraged to review the reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, which has been provided in the financial statement tables included below in this press release.

Tyler Technologies Reports Earnings

for Fourth Quarter 2024

February 12, 2025

Page 6

Forward-looking Statements

This document contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are not historical in nature and typically address future or anticipated events, trends, expectations or beliefs with respect to our financial condition, results of operations or business. Forward-looking statements often contain words such as “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “foresees,” “forecasts,” “estimates,” “plans,” “intends,” “continues,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “projects,” “might,” “could” or other similar words or phrases. Similarly, statements that describe our business strategy, outlook, objectives, plans, intentions or goals also are forward-looking statements. We believe there is a reasonable basis for our forward-looking statements, but they are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties and actual results could differ materially from the expectations and beliefs reflected in the forward-looking statements. We presently consider the following to be among the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations and beliefs: (1) changes in the budgets or regulatory environments of our clients, primarily local and state governments, that could negatively impact information technology spending; (2) disruption to our business and harm to our competitive position resulting from cyber-attacks, security vulnerabilities and software updates; (3) our ability to protect client information from security breaches and provide uninterrupted operations of data centers; (4) our ability to achieve growth or operational synergies through the integration of acquired businesses, while avoiding unanticipated costs and disruptions to existing operations; (5) material portions of our business require the Internet infrastructure to be adequately maintained; (6) our ability to achieve our financial forecasts due to various factors, including project delays by our clients, reductions in transaction size, fewer transactions, delays in delivery of new products or releases or a decline in our renewal rates for service agreements; (7) general economic, political and market conditions, including continued inflation and rising interest rates; (8) technological and market risks associated with the development of new products or services or of new versions of existing or acquired products or services; (9) competition in the industry in which we conduct business and the impact of competition on pricing, client retention and pressure for new products or services; (10) the ability to attract and retain qualified personnel and dealing with rising labor costs, the loss or retirement of key members of management or other key personnel; and (11) costs of compliance and any failure to comply with government and stock exchange regulations. These factors and other risks that affect our business are described in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the detailed “Risk Factors” contained in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K and quarterly report on Form 10-Q. We expressly disclaim any obligation to publicly update or revise our forward-looking statements.

(Comparative results follow)

Contact: Hala Elsherbini

Senior Director, Investor Relations

Tyler Technologies, Inc.

972-713-3770

hala.elsherbini@tylertech.com

Source: Tyler Technologies

#TYL_Financial

25-9

TYLER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended December 31, Twelve Months Ended December 31,
2024 2023 2024 2023
Revenues:
Subscriptions $ 348,836 $ 286,068 $ 1,342,931 $ 1,159,512
Maintenance 115,018 117,508 463,132 466,661
Professional services 62,795 61,501 263,991 249,976
Software licenses and royalties 6,106 7,633 26,357 38,096
Hardware and other 8,376 8,225 41,392 37,506
Total revenues 541,131 480,935 2,137,803 1,951,751
Cost of revenues:
Subscriptions, maintenance and professional services 283,013 245,236 1,112,778 1,001,221
Software licenses and royalties 1,282 2,956 6,277 10,821
Amortization of software development 4,998 4,058 18,806 12,625
Amortization of acquired software 9,241 9,183 36,964 36,062
Hardware and other 5,778 6,577 27,217 29,923
Total cost of revenues 304,312 268,010 1,202,042 1,090,652
Gross profit 236,819 212,925 935,761 861,099
Sales and marketing expense 41,536 39,666 157,731 149,770
General and administrative expense 80,348 80,015 300,938 308,575
Research and development expense 29,435 26,163 117,939 109,585
Amortization of other intangibles 13,814 19,333 59,627 74,632
Operating income 71,686 47,748 299,526 218,537
Interest expense (1,259) (3,750) (5,931) (23,629)
Other income, net 6,340 652 14,572 3,328
Income before income taxes 76,767 44,650 308,167 198,236
Income tax provision 11,546 5,747 45,141 32,317
Net income $ 65,221 $ 38,903 $ 263,026 $ 165,919
Earnings per common share:
Basic $ 1.52 $ 0.92 $ 6.17 $ 3.95
Diluted $ 1.49 $ 0.91 $ 6.05 $ 3.88
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic 42,864 42,191 42,611 42,024
Diluted 43,912 42,972 43,497 42,769

TYLER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

RECONCILIATION OF GAAP TO NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended December 31, Twelve Months Ended December 31,
Reconciliation of non-GAAP gross profit and margin 2024 2023 2024 2023
GAAP gross profit $ 236,819 $ 212,925 $ 935,761 $ 861,099
Non-GAAP adjustments:
Add: Share-based compensation expense included in cost of revenues 8,340 6,981 31,322 26,607
Add: Amortization of acquired software 9,241 9,183 36,964 36,062
Non-GAAP gross profit $ 254,400 $ 229,089 $ 1,004,047 $ 923,768
GAAP gross margin 43.8% 44.3% 43.8% 44.1%
Non-GAAP gross margin 47.0% 47.6% 47.0% 47.3%
Three Months Ended December 31, Twelve Months Ended December 31,
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Reconciliation of non-GAAP operating income and margin 2024 2023 2024 2023
GAAP operating income $ 71,686 $ 47,748 $ 299,526 $ 218,537
Non-GAAP adjustments:
Add: Share-based compensation expense 34,353 27,433 122,813 108,338
Add: Employer portion of payroll tax related to employee stock transactions 1,303 682 3,606 1,873
Add: Acquisition-related costs 154 29 409
Add: Lease restructuring costs and other 1,374 2,863 1,250 8,220
Add: Amortization of acquired software 9,241 9,183 36,964 36,062
Add: Amortization of other intangibles 13,814 19,333 59,627 74,632
Non-GAAP adjustments subtotal $ 60,085 $ 59,648 $ 224,289 $ 229,534
Non-GAAP operating income $ 131,771 $ 107,396 $ 523,815 $ 448,071
GAAP operating margin 13.2% 9.9% 14.0% 11.2%
Non-GAAP operating margin 24.4% 22.3% 24.5% 23.0%
Three Months Ended December 31, Twelve Months Ended December 31,
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Reconciliation of non-GAAP net income and earnings per share 2024 2023 2024 2023
GAAP net income $ 65,221 $ 38,903 $ 263,026 $ 165,919
Non-GAAP adjustments:
Add: Total non-GAAP adjustments to operating income 60,085 59,648 224,289 229,534
Less: Income tax impact (18,561) (17,198) (71,999) (61,792)
Non-GAAP net income $ 106,745 $ 81,353 $ 415,316 $ 333,661
GAAP earnings per diluted share $ 1.49 $ 0.91 $ 6.05 $ 3.88
Non-GAAP earnings per diluted share $ 2.43 $ 1.89 $ 9.55 $ 7.80

TYLER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

RECONCILIATION OF GAAP TO NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended December 31, Twelve Months Ended December 31,
Detail of share-based compensation expense 2024 2023 2024 2023
Subscriptions, maintenance and professional services $ 8,340 $ 6,981 $ 31,322 $ 26,607
Sales and marketing expense 3,457 2,730 12,840 10,118
General and administrative expense 22,556 17,722 78,651 71,613
Total share-based compensation expense $ 34,353 $ 27,433 $ 122,813 $ 108,338
Three Months Ended December 31, Twelve Months Ended December 31,
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Reconciliation of EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA 2024 2023 2024 2023
GAAP net income $ 65,221 $ 38,903 $ 263,026 $ 165,919
Amortization of other intangibles 13,814 19,333 59,627 74,632
Depreciation and amortization included in cost of revenues, sales and marketing expense, general and administrative expense, and research and development expense 20,235 19,755 80,963 74,954
Interest expense 1,259 3,750 5,931 23,629
Other income, net (6,340) (652) (14,572) (3,328)
Income tax provision 11,546 5,747 45,141 32,317
EBITDA $ 105,735 $ 86,836 $ 440,116 $ 368,123
Share-based compensation expense 34,353 27,433 122,813 108,338
Employer portion of payroll tax related to employee stock transactions 1,303 682 3,606 1,873
Acquisition-related costs 154 29 409
Lease restructuring costs and other 1,374 2,863 1,250 8,220
Adjusted EBITDA $ 142,765 $ 117,968 $ 567,814 $ 486,963
Three Months Ended December 31, Twelve Months Ended December 31,
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Reconciliation of free cash flow 2024 2023 2024 2023
Net cash provided by operating activities $ 224,774 $ 147,419 $ 624,633 $ 380,440
Less: additions to property and equipment (3,801) (8,013) (20,535) (20,519)
Less: investments in software development (4,989) (5,043) (29,401) (32,490)
Free cash flow $ 215,984 $ 134,363 $ 574,697 $ 327,431
Free cash flow margin 39.9 % 27.9 % 26.9 % 16.8 %

TYLER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Amounts in thousands)

(Unaudited)

December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 744,721 $ 165,493
Accounts receivable, net 587,634 619,704
Short-term investments 23,257 10,385
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 73,192 65,003
Income tax receivable 11,975
Total current assets 1,440,779 860,585
Accounts receivable, long-term portion 7,153 8,988
Operating lease right-of-use assets 31,433 39,039
Property and equipment, net 163,775 169,720
Other assets:
Software development costs, net 76,117 67,124
Goodwill 2,531,653 2,532,109
Other intangibles, net 831,966 928,870
Non-current investments 10,758 7,046
Other non-current assets 86,381 63,182
Total assets $ 5,180,015 $ 4,676,663
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $ 354,526 $ 304,897
Operating lease liabilities 9,643 11,060
Current income tax payable 2,466
Deferred revenue 701,438 632,914
Current portion of term loans 49,801
Total current liabilities 1,065,607 1,001,138
Convertible senior notes due 2026, net 597,934 596,206
Deferred revenue, long-term 22,376 291
Deferred income taxes 47,503 78,590
Operating lease liabilities, long-term 30,791 39,822
Other long-term liabilities 27,382 22,621
Total liabilities 1,791,593 1,738,668
Shareholders' equity 3,388,422 2,937,995
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $ 5,180,015 $ 4,676,663

TYLER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Amounts in thousands)

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended December 31, Twelve Months Ended December 31,
2024 2023 2024 2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $ 65,221 $ 38,903 $ 263,026 $ 165,919
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash<br>    provided by operations:
Depreciation and amortization 34,671 39,881 143,437 154,079
Losses from sale of investments 26 24 1
Share-based compensation expense 34,353 27,433 122,813 108,338
Provision (reductions in reserve) for losses and sales adjustments - accounts receivable (5,504) 8,233 (5,504) 8,233
Operating lease right-of-use assets expense 1,670 4,430 8,932 16,688
Deferred income tax expense (benefit) 10,841 (29,704) (30,663) (73,704)
Other (21) 77 207 475
Changes in operating assets and liabilities,<br>      exclusive of effects of acquired companies 83,517 58,166 122,361 411
Net cash provided by operating activities 224,774 147,419 624,633 380,440
Cash flows from investing activities:
Additions to property and equipment (3,801) (8,013) (20,535) (20,519)
Purchase of marketable security investments (32,448) (32,448) (10,617)
Proceeds and maturities from marketable security investments 8,294 3,960 15,994 49,412
Investment in software development (4,989) (5,043) (29,401) (32,490)
Cost of acquisitions, net of cash acquired (27,219) (1,395) (62,759)
Other 5 (35) 173 13
Net cash used by investing activities (32,939) (36,350) (67,612) (76,960)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payment on term loans (90,000) (50,000) (345,000)
Payment of debt issuance costs (2,637)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options, net of withheld shares for taxes upon equity award settlement 9,780 8,522 57,213 16,960
Contributions from employee stock purchase plan 4,810 4,416 17,631 16,196
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities 14,590 (77,062) 22,207 (311,844)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 206,425 34,007 579,228 (8,364)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 538,296 131,486 165,493 173,857
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 744,721 $ 165,493 $ 744,721 $ 165,493