Equibles

10-Q

HERITAGE FINANCIAL CORP /WA/ (HFWA)

10-Q 2023-08-04 For: 2023-06-30
View Original
Added on April 04, 2026

Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023 or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission File Number 000-29480

HERITAGE FINANCIAL CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Washington 91-1857900
(State or other jurisdiction of<br>incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer<br>Identification No.)
201 Fifth Avenue SW, Olympia WA 98501
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(360) 943-1500

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class Trading symbol Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, no par value HFWA NASDAQ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☒ Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☐
Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).   Yes  ☐    No  ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the last practicable date:

As of July 25, 2023, there were 35,047,800 shares of the registrant's common stock, no par value per share, outstanding.

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HERITAGE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

FORM 10-Q

June 30, 2023

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMS 3
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 3
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION 5
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 5
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (UNAUDITED) AS OF JUNE 30, 2023 AND DECEMBER 31, 2022 5
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED) FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2023 AND 2022 6
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)(UNAUDITED) FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2023 AND 2022 7
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (UNAUDITED) FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2023 AND 2022 8
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED) FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2023 AND 2022 10
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) 12
NOTE 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS, BASIS OF PRESENTATION, SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS 12
NOTE 2. INVESTMENT SECURITIES 13
NOTE 3. LOANS RECEIVABLE 16
NOTE 4. ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS 24
NOTE 5. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS 27
NOTE 6. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 27
NOTE 7. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 28
NOTE 8. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS 29
NOTE 9. CASH RESTRICTION 32
NOTE 10. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES 33
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 33
OVERVIEW 33
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 35
NET INTEREST INCOME AND MARGIN OVERVIEW 36
PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES OVERVIEW 39
NONINTEREST INCOME OVERVIEW 40
NONINTEREST EXPENSE OVERVIEW 41
INCOME TAX EXPENSE OVERVIEW 42
FINANCIAL CONDITION OVERVIEW 43
INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES OVERVIEW 43
LOAN PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW 44
ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS OVERVIEW 46
DEPOSITS OVERVIEW 47
BORROWINGS OVERVIEW 47
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY OVERVIEW 48
REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS OVERVIEW 48
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES 48
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 49
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK 49
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 50
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION 50

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ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS 50
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS 50
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS 50
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES 51
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES 51
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION 51
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS 51
SIGNATURES 52

GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND TERMS

The acronyms, abbreviations, and terms listed below are used in various sections of this Form 10-Q. As used throughout this report, the terms “we”, “our”, or “us” refer to Heritage Financial Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise requires.

2022 Annual Form 10-K Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022
ACL Allowance for credit losses
AOCI Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net
ASU Accounting Standards Update
Bank Heritage Bank
BTFP Bank Term Funding Program
CECL Current Expected Credit Loss
CMO Collateralized Mortgage Obligations
Company Heritage Financial Corporation
CRE Commercial real estate
FASB Financial Accounting Standards Board
FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Federal Reserve Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
FRB Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco
FHLB Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines
GAAP U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
LIBOR London Interbank Offering Rate
LIHTC Low-Income Housing Tax Credit
MBS Mortgage-backed securities
PPP Paycheck Protection Program
SBA Small Business Administration
SEC Securities and Exchange Commission
SM Special Mention
SS Substandard
TDR Troubled debt restructured

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Form 10-Q may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are not statements of historical fact, are based on certain assumptions and often include the words “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” “intends,” “plans,” “targets,” “potentially,” “probably,” “projects,” “outlook” or similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “would” and “could.” These statements relate to our financial condition, results of operations, beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, expectations, assumptions and statements about future performance or business. The Company cautions readers not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. Moreover, you should treat these statements as speaking only as of the date they are made and based only on information then actually known to the Company. The Company does not undertake and specifically disclaims any obligation to revise any forward-looking statements to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual

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results for future periods to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements by, or on behalf of, us, and could negatively affect the Company’s operating results and stock price performance. These risks include, but are not limited to:

•potential adverse impacts to economic conditions nationally or in our local market areas, other markets where the Company has lending relationships, or other aspects of the Company’s business operations or financial markets, including, without limitation, as a result of employment levels, labor shortages and the effects of inflation, a potential recession or slowed economic growth caused by increasing political instability from acts of war including Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, as well as supply chain disruptions;

•the credit risks of lending activities, including changes in the level and trend of loan delinquencies and write-offs and changes in our ACL on loans and provision for credit losses on loans that may be affected by deterioration in the housing and CRE markets, which may lead to increased losses and nonperforming assets in our loan portfolio, and may result in our ACL on loans no longer being adequate to cover actual losses, and require us to increase our ACL on loans;

•higher inflation and the current and future monetary policies of the Federal Reserve in response thereto;

•changes in the levels of general interest rates, and the relative differences between short-term and long-term interest rates, deposit interest rates, our net interest margin and funding sources;

•the transition away from LIBOR toward new interest rate benchmarks;

•the impact of repricing and competitors' pricing initiatives on loan and deposit products;

•fluctuations in the demand for loans, the number of unsold homes and other properties and fluctuations in real estate values in our market areas;

•secondary market conditions for loans and our ability to sell loans in the secondary market;

•results of examinations of us by the bank regulators, including the possibility that any such regulatory authority may, among other things, initiate an enforcement action against the Company or our bank subsidiary which could require us to increase our ACL on loans, write-down assets, change our regulatory capital position, affect our ability to borrow funds or maintain or increase deposits, or impose additional requirements on us, any of which could affect our ability to continue our growth through mergers, acquisitions or similar transactions and adversely affect our liquidity and earnings;

•legislative or regulatory changes that adversely affect our business, including changes in banking, securities, and tax law, regulatory policies and principles, or the interpretation of regulatory capital or other rules;

•our ability to attract and retain deposits;

•liquidity issues, including our ability to borrow funds or raise additional capital, if necessary;

•our ability to control operating costs and expenses;

•effects of critical accounting policies and judgments, including the use of estimates in determining fair value of certain of our assets, which estimates may prove to be incorrect and result in significant declines in valuation;

•the effectiveness of our risk management framework;

•difficulties in reducing risk associated with our loans;

•staffing fluctuations in response to product demand or the implementation of corporate strategies that affect our workforce and potential associated charges;

•disruptions, security breaches, or other adverse events, failures or interruptions in, or attacks on, our information technology systems or on the third-party vendors who perform several of our critical processing functions;

•our ability to retain key members of our senior management team;

•costs and effects of litigation, including settlements and judgments;

•our ability to implement our business strategies and manage our growth;

•future goodwill impairment due to changes in our business, market conditions, or other factors;

•our ability to successfully integrate any assets, liabilities, customers, systems, and management personnel we may acquire into our operations and our ability to realize related revenue synergies and cost savings within expected time frames or at all, and any goodwill charges related thereto and costs or difficulties relating to integration matters, including but not limited to customer and employee retention, which might be greater than expected;

•risks related to acquiring assets in or entering markets in which we have not previously operated and may not be familiar;

•increased competitive pressures among financial service companies;

•changes in consumer spending, borrowing and savings habits;

•the availability of resources to address changes in laws, rules, or regulations or to respond to regulatory actions;

•our ability to pay dividends on our common stock;

•the quality and composition of our securities portfolio and the impact of any adverse changes in the securities markets, including market liquidity;

•inability of key third-party providers to perform their obligations to us;

•changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the financial institution regulatory agencies or the FASB, including additional guidance and interpretation on accounting issues and details of the implementation of new accounting methods;

•the impact of bank failures or adverse developments at other banks and the related negative press about the banking industry in general on investor and depositor sentiment;

•the effects of climate change, severe weather events, natural disasters, pandemics, epidemics and other public health crises, acts of war or terrorism, and other external events on our business;

•other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory, and technological factors affecting our operations, pricing, products and services; and

•other risks detailed from time to time in our reports filed with or furnished to the SEC including our 2022 Annual Form 10-K.

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PART I.     FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.     FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

HERITAGE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Unaudited)

(In thousands, except shares)

June 30,<br>2023 December 31,<br>2022
ASSETS
Cash on hand and in banks $ 73,464 $ 74,295
Interest earning deposits 34,914 29,295
Cash and cash equivalents 108,378 103,590
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value, net (amortized cost of $1,402,144 and $1,460,033, respectively) 1,276,550 1,331,443
Investment securities held to maturity, at amortized cost, net (fair value of $664,810 and $673,434, respectively) 754,276 766,396
Total investment securities 2,030,826 2,097,839
Loans held for sale 752 —
Loans receivable 4,251,344 4,050,858
Allowance for credit losses on loans (46,408) (42,986)
Loans receivable, net 4,204,936 4,007,872
Premises and equipment, net 79,401 76,930
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost 8,373 8,916
Bank owned life insurance 122,905 122,059
Accrued interest receivable 18,969 18,547
Prepaid expenses and other assets 293,950 296,181
Other intangible assets, net 5,981 7,227
Goodwill 240,939 240,939
Total assets $ 7,115,410 $ 6,980,100
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Deposits $ 5,579,657 $ 5,907,420
Deposits held for sale 15,886 17,420
Total deposits 5,595,543 5,924,840
Borrowings 450,000 —
Junior subordinated debentures 21,619 21,473
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase 38,215 46,597
Accrued expenses and other liabilities 190,300 189,297
Total liabilities 6,295,677 6,182,207
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, no par value, 2,500,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding, respectively — —
Common stock, no par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized; 35,047,800 and 35,106,697 shares issued and outstanding, respectively 550,103 552,397
Retained earnings 367,085 345,346
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net (97,455) (99,850)
Total stockholders’ equity 819,733 797,893
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 7,115,410 $ 6,980,100

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

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HERITAGE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited)

(In thousands, except shares and per share amounts)

Three Months Ended<br>June 30, Six Months Ended<br>June 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
INTEREST INCOME:
Interest and fees on loans $ 53,623 $ 40,890 $ 104,073 $ 81,915
Taxable interest on investment securities 14,774 7,607 29,431 13,610
Nontaxable interest on investment securities 520 893 1,106 1,753
Interest on interest earning deposits 1,154 2,342 2,126 3,048
Total interest income 70,071 51,732 136,736 100,326
INTEREST EXPENSE:
Deposits 8,607 1,413 13,135 2,837
Junior subordinated debentures 499 239 981 433
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase 63 32 110 64
Borrowings 5,078 — 6,844 —
Total interest expense 14,247 1,684 21,070 3,334
Net interest income 55,824 50,048 115,666 96,992
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses 1,909 (1,204) 3,734 (4,781)
Net interest income after provision for (reversal of) credit losses 53,915 51,252 111,932 101,773
NONINTEREST INCOME:
Service charges and other fees 2,682 2,577 5,306 5,051
Card revenue 2,123 2,146 4,123 4,409
Loss on sale of investment securities, net — — (286) —
Gain on sale of loans, net 101 219 150 460
Interest rate swap fees 115 26 168 305
Bank owned life insurance income 837 764 1,546 2,459
Gain on sale of other assets, net — — 2 204
Other income 1,423 1,284 4,530 2,666
Total noninterest income 7,281 7,016 15,539 15,554
NONINTEREST EXPENSE:
Compensation and employee benefits 24,781 21,778 50,317 43,030
Occupancy and equipment 4,666 4,171 9,558 8,502
Data processing 4,500 4,185 8,842 8,246
Marketing 441 344 843 610
Professional services 751 529 1,379 1,228
State/municipal business and use taxes 1,054 867 2,062 1,663
Federal deposit insurance premium 797 425 1,647 1,025
Amortization of intangible assets 623 704 1,246 1,408
Other expense 3,712 2,704 7,036 5,715
Total noninterest expense 41,325 35,707 82,930 71,427
Income before income taxes 19,871 22,561 44,541 45,900
Income tax expense 3,025 3,977 7,238 7,559
Net income $ 16,846 $ 18,584 $ 37,303 $ 38,341
Basic earnings per share $ 0.48 $ 0.53 $ 1.06 $ 1.09
Diluted earnings per share $ 0.48 $ 0.52 $ 1.06 $ 1.08
Dividends declared per share $ 0.22 $ 0.21 $ 0.44 $ 0.42
Average number of basic shares outstanding 35,058,155 35,110,334 35,083,133 35,102,572
Average number of diluted shares outstanding 35,126,590 35,409,524 35,348,268 35,412,722

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

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HERITAGE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (Unaudited)

(In thousands)

Three Months Ended<br>June 30, Six Months Ended<br>June 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
Net Income $ 16,846 $ 18,584 $ 37,303 $ 38,341
Change in fair value of investment securities available for sale, net of tax of $(4,102), $(7,638), $415 and $(19,751), respectively (14,595) (27,397) 2,295 (70,879)
Amortization of net unrealized gain for the reclassification of investment securities available for sale to held to maturity, net of tax of $(18), $(44), $(34) and $(83), respectively (63) (158) (123) (300)
Reclassification adjustment for net loss from sale of investment securities available for sale included in income, net of tax of $0, $0, $63 and $0, respectively — — 223 —
Other comprehensive (loss) income (14,658) (27,555) 2,395 (71,179)
Comprehensive income (loss) $ 2,188 $ (8,971) $ 39,698 $ (32,838)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

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HERITAGE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited)

(In thousands, except shares and per share amounts)

Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
Number of<br>common<br>shares Common<br>stock Retained<br>earnings AOCI Total<br>stockholders’<br>equity
Balance at March 31, 2023 35,108,120 $ 550,869 $ 358,010 $ (82,797) $ 826,082
Restricted stock units vested 38,138 — — — —
Stock-based compensation expense — 985 — — 985
Common stock repurchased (98,458) (1,751) — — (1,751)
Net income — — 16,846 — 16,846
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax — — — (14,658) (14,658)
Cash dividends declared on common stock ($0.22 per share) — — (7,771) — (7,771)
Balance at June 30, 2023 35,047,800 $ 550,103 $ 367,085 $ (97,455) $ 819,733
Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Number of<br>common<br>shares Common<br>stock Retained<br>earnings AOCI Total<br>stockholders’<br>equity
Balance at December 31, 2022 35,106,697 $ 552,397 $ 345,346 $ (99,850) $ 797,893
Restricted stock units vested 154,640 — — — —
Stock-based compensation expense — 2,084 — — 2,084
Common stock repurchased (213,537) (4,378) — — (4,378)
Net income — — 37,303 — 37,303
Other comprehensive income, net of tax — — — 2,395 2,395
Cash dividends declared on common stock (0.44 per share) — — (15,564) — (15,564)
Balance at June 30, 2023 35,047,800 $ 550,103 $ 367,085 $ (97,455) $ 819,733
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Number of<br>common<br>shares Common<br>stock Retained<br>earnings AOCI Total<br>stockholders’<br>equity
Balance at March 31, 2022 35,102,372 $ 550,096 $ 305,581 $ (34,228) $ 821,449
Restricted stock units vested 22,737 — — — —
Stock-based compensation expense — 843 — — 843
Common stock repurchased (21,180) (522) — — (522)
Net income 18,584 18,584
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax — — — (27,555) (27,555)
Cash dividends declared on common stock ($0.21 per share) — — (7,433) — (7,433)
Balance at June 30, 2022 35,103,929 $ 550,417 $ 316,732 $ (61,783) $ 805,366

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Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Number of<br>common<br>shares Common<br>stock Retained<br>earnings AOCI Total<br>stockholders’<br>equity
Balance at December 31, 2021 35,105,779 $ 551,798 $ 293,238 $ 9,396 $ 854,432
Restricted stock units vested 124,420 — — — —
Stock-based compensation expense — 1,793 — — 1,793
Common stock repurchased (126,270) (3,174) — — (3,174)
Net income — — 38,341 — 38,341
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax — — — (71,179) (71,179)
Cash dividends declared on common stock ($0.42 per share) — — (14,847) — (14,847)
Balance at June 30, 2022 35,103,929 $ 550,417 $ 316,732 $ (61,783) $ 805,366

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

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HERITAGE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

(In thousands)

June 30,
2023 2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $ 37,303 $ 38,341
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization and accretion 1,737 (1,654)
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses 3,734 (4,781)
Stock-based compensation expense 2,084 1,793
Amortization of intangible assets 1,246 1,408
Origination of mortgage loans held for sale (6,511) (12,396)
Proceeds from sale of mortgage loans held for sale 5,909 13,021
Bank owned life insurance income (1,546) (2,459)
Valuation adjustment on interest rate swaps — (64)
Gain on sale of mortgage loans held for sale, net (150) (460)
Loss on sale of investment securities available for sale, net 286 —
Gain on sale of assets held for sale — (204)
Other 3,371 1,360
Net cash provided by operating activities 47,463 33,905
Cash flows from investing activities:
Loan originations and purchases, net of payments (198,937) (51,198)
Maturities and repayments of investment securities available for sale 49,733 86,678
Maturities and repayments of investment securities held to maturity 11,673 11,767
Purchase of investment securities available for sale (14,994) (472,361)
Purchase of investment securities held to maturity — (244,911)
Purchase of premises and equipment (5,477) (1,191)
Purchase of bank owned life insurance — (105)
Purchases of Federal Home Loan Bank stock (44,192) (985)
Proceeds from sales of investment securities available for sale 22,688 —
Proceeds from redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock 44,735 2
Proceeds from sales of assets held for sale — 1,173
Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment 2 —
Capital contributions to low-income housing tax credit partnerships (419) (978)
Net cash used by investing activities (135,188) (672,109)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net decrease in deposits (329,297) (64,100)
Proceeds from borrowings 1,754,800 50
Repayment of borrowings (1,304,800) (50)
Common stock cash dividends paid (15,430) (14,747)
Net decrease in securities sold under agreement to repurchase (8,382) (9,012)
Repurchase of common stock (4,378) (3,174)
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities 92,513 (91,033)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 4,788 (729,237)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 103,590 1,723,292
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 108,378 $ 994,055

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June 30,
2023 2022
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest $ 17,587 $ 3,188
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds 1,384 167
Supplemental non-cash disclosures of cash flow information:
Investment in LIHTC partnership and related funding commitment 47 11,284
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities 6,111 2,222
Transfer of bank owned life insurance to prepaid expenses and other<br><br>assets due to death benefit accrued 700 2,114
Transfers of premises and equipment classified as held for sale to prepaid expenses and other assets from premises and equipment, net — 730

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

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HERITAGE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

(1)Description of Business, Basis of Presentation, Significant Accounting Policies and Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

(a) Description of Business

The Company is primarily engaged in the business of planning, directing and coordinating the business activities of its wholly-owned subsidiary, the Bank. The Bank is headquartered in Olympia, Washington and conducts business from its 51 branch offices located throughout Washington State, the greater Portland, Oregon area, Eugene, Oregon and Boise, Idaho. The Bank’s business consists primarily of commercial lending and deposit relationships with small and medium-sized businesses and their owners in its market areas and attracting deposits from the general public. The Bank also makes real estate construction and land development loans, consumer loans and originates first mortgage loans on residential properties primarily located in its market areas. The Bank's deposits are insured by the FDIC subject to limitations.

(b) Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. It is recommended these unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes be read with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes included in the 2022 Annual Form 10-K. In management's opinion, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the six months ended June 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023.

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements presented for the year end December 31, 2022 were derived from audited financial statements and do not include all disclosures required by GAAP.

To prepare unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP, management makes estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the disclosures provided. Management believes the judgments, estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are appropriate based on the facts and circumstances at the time. Actual results, however, could differ significantly from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to management's estimate of the ACL on investment securities, management's estimate of the ACL on loans, management's estimate of the ACL on unfunded commitments, management's evaluation of goodwill impairment and management's estimate of the fair value of financial instruments.

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, the Bank. All significant intercompany balances and transactions among the Company and the Bank have been eliminated in consolidation.

There have been reclassifications in certain prior year amounts in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. Reclassifications had no effect on the prior year's net income or stockholders’ equity.

(c) Significant Accounting Policies

The significant accounting policies used in preparation of the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are disclosed in greater detail in the 2022 Annual Form 10-K. There have not been any material changes in the Company's significant accounting policies from those contained in the 2022 Annual Form 10-K during the six months ended June 30, 2023.

(d) Recently Issued or Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

FASB ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), as amended by ASU 2021-01, and ASU 2022-06 was issued in March 2020 and provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting. The amendments in this ASU are effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020. In December 2022, FASB amended this ASU and deferred the sunset date of Topic 848 from December 31, 2022, to December 31, 2024. The amendments are elective, apply to all entities, and provide optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. Effective January 25, 2021, the Company adhered to the Interbank Offered Rate Fallbacks Protocol as published by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. and recommended by the Alternative Reference Rates Committee. The majority of the Bank’s interest rate swap-related transactions indexed to LIBOR were transferred to another index during the three months ended June 30, 2023. The remaining instruments including loans, investments, and junior subordinated debentures will be transferred to a new index at the next repricing date. The Company does not expect the adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on its business operations or Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

FASB ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures, was issued in March 2022. The ASU eliminates the accounting guidance for TDR loans by creditors while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancings and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. Specifically, rather than applying the recognition and measurement guidance for TDRs, the entity will apply the loan refinancing and restructuring guidance to determine whether a modification or other form of restructuring results in a new loan or continuation of an existing loan. Additionally, the ASU requires public business entities to disclose current-period gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables and net investments in leases. These amendments are effective for fiscal years

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beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted in any interim period if an entity has adopted ASU 2016-13 and such election may be made individually to adopt the guidance related to TDRs, including related disclosures, and the presentation of gross write-offs in the vintage disclosure. This update requires prospective transition for the disclosures related to loan restructurings for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty and the presentation of gross write-offs in the vintage disclosures. The guidance related to the recognition and measurement of TDRs may be adopted on a prospective or modified retrospective transition method.

The Company adopted ASU 2022-02 on a prospective basis January 1, 2023. The Company elected at the date of adoption to account for existing TDR loans as of December 31, 2022 under the Company's TDR accounting policy which is disclosed in the 2022 Annual Form 10-K. All loan modifications post adoption are accounted for under the loan modification guidance in ASC 310-20. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on business operations or the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

FASB ASU 2023-02, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method (a consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force), was issued in February 2023. The amendments in this ASU permit companies to elect to account for their tax equity investments, regardless of the tax credit program from which the income tax credits are received, using the proportional amortization method, if certain conditions are met. Under the proportional amortization method, an entity amortizes the initial cost of the investment in proportion to the income tax credits and other income tax benefits received and recognizes the net amortization and income tax credits and other income tax benefits in the statement of operations as a component of income tax expense (benefit). The amendments also require that a reporting entity disclose certain information in annual and interim reporting periods that enable investors to understand the investments that generate income tax credits and other income tax benefits from a tax credit program. The ASU is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2023, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in the ASU can be applied either on a modified retrospective or a retrospective basis. The Company does not expect the adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on its business operations or Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

(2)Investment Securities

The Company’s investment policy is designed primarily to provide and maintain liquidity, generate a favorable return on assets without incurring undue interest rate and credit risk, and complement the Bank’s lending activities.

There were no investment securities classified as trading at June 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022.

(a) Investment Securities by Classification, Type and Maturity

The following tables present the amortized cost and fair value of investment securities, and the corresponding amounts of gross unrealized and unrecognized gains and losses including the corresponding amounts of gross unrealized gains and losses on investment securities available for sale recognized in AOCI, at the dates indicated:

June 30, 2023
Amortized<br>Cost Gross<br>Unrealized<br>Gains Gross<br>Unrealized<br>Losses Fair<br>Value
(In thousands)
Investment securities available for sale:
U.S. government and agency securities $ 68,514 $ — $ (4,255) $ 64,259
Municipal securities 145,681 48 (15,714) 130,015
Residential CMO and MBS(1) 465,625 — (54,653) 410,972
Commercial CMO and MBS(1) 698,833 17 (50,509) 648,341
Corporate obligations 4,000 — (226) 3,774
Other asset-backed securities 19,491 9 (311) 19,189
Total $ 1,402,144 $ 74 $ (125,668) $ 1,276,550

(1) U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise CMO and MBS.

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June 30, 2023
Amortized<br>Cost Gross<br>Unrecognized<br>Gains Gross<br>Unrecognized<br>Losses Fair<br>Value
(In thousands)
Investment securities held to maturity:
U.S. government and agency securities $ 151,005 $ — $ (30,245) $ 120,760
Residential CMO and MBS(1) 280,032 — (17,219) 262,813
Commercial CMO and MBS(1) 323,239 — (42,002) 281,237
Total $ 754,276 $ — $ (89,466) $ 664,810

(1) U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise CMO and MBS.

December 31, 2022
Amortized<br>Cost Gross<br>Unrealized<br>Gains Gross<br>Unrealized<br>Losses Fair<br>Value
(In thousands)
Investment securities available for sale:
U.S. government and agency securities $ 68,912 $ — $ (5,053) $ 63,859
Municipal securities 171,087 172 (18,233) 153,026
Residential CMO and MBS(1) 479,473 — (55,087) 424,386
Commercial CMO and MBS(1) 714,136 19 (49,734) 664,421
Corporate obligations 4,000 — (166) 3,834
Other asset-backed securities 22,425 14 (522) 21,917
Total $ 1,460,033 $ 205 $ (128,795) $ 1,331,443

(1) U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise CMO and MBS.

December 31, 2022
Amortized<br>Cost Gross<br>Unrecognized<br>Gains Gross<br>Unrecognized<br>Losses Fair<br>Value
(In thousands)
Investment securities held to maturity:
U.S. government and agency securities $ 150,936 $ — $ (33,585) $ 117,351
Residential CMO and MBS(1) 290,318 — (17,440) 272,878
Commercial CMO and MBS(1) 325,142 — (41,937) 283,205
Total $ 766,396 $ — $ (92,962) $ 673,434

(1) U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise CMO and MBS.

The following table presents the amortized cost and fair value of investment securities by contractual maturity at the date indicated. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain borrowers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

June 30, 2023
Securities Available for Sale Securities Held to Maturity
Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value
(In thousands)
Due in one year or less $ 30,995 $ 30,804 $ — $ —
Due after one year through five years 38,496 36,522 — —
Due after five years through ten years 47,291 44,222 83,244 68,938
Due after ten years 101,413 86,500 67,761 51,822
Total investment securities due at a single maturity date 218,195 198,048 151,005 120,760

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June 30, 2023
Securities Available for Sale Securities Held to Maturity
Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value
MBS(1) 1,183,949 1,078,502 603,271 544,050
Total investment securities $ 1,402,144 $ 1,276,550 $ 754,276 $ 664,810

(1)MBS, which have prepayment provisions, are not assigned to maturity categories due to fluctuations in their payment speed.

There were no holdings of investment securities of any one issuer, other than the U.S. government and its agencies, in an amount greater than 10% of stockholders’ equity at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

(b) Unrealized Losses on Investment Securities Available for Sale

The following tables present the gross unrealized losses and fair value of the Company’s investment securities available for sale for which an ACL on investment securities available for sale has not been recorded, aggregated by investment category and length of time the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at the dates indicated:

June 30, 2023
Less than 12 Months 12 Months or Longer Total
Fair<br>Value Unrealized<br>Losses Fair<br>Value Unrealized<br>Losses Fair<br>Value Unrealized<br>Losses
(In thousands)
U.S. government and agency securities $ — $ — $ 64,259 $ (4,255) $ 64,259 $ (4,255)
Municipal securities 28,423 (243) 90,903 (15,471) 119,326 (15,714)
Residential CMO and MBS(1) 94,015 (3,598) 316,957 (51,055) 410,972 (54,653)
Commercial CMO and MBS(1) 170,005 (4,692) 475,114 (45,817) 645,119 (50,509)
Corporate obligations — — 3,774 (226) 3,774 (226)
Other asset-backed securities 4,219 (4) 12,308 (307) 16,527 (311)
Total $ 296,662 $ (8,537) $ 963,315 $ (117,131) $ 1,259,977 $ (125,668)

(1) U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise CMO and MBS.

December 31, 2022
Less than 12 Months 12 Months or Longer Total
Fair<br>Value Unrealized<br>Losses Fair<br>Value Unrealized<br>Losses Fair<br>Value Unrealized<br>Losses
(In thousands)
U.S. government and agency securities $ 51,900 $ (2,031) $ 11,959 $ (3,022) $ 63,859 $ (5,053)
Municipal securities 82,580 (5,585) 40,945 (12,648) 123,525 (18,233)
Residential CMO and MBS(1) 217,949 (14,770) 206,437 (40,317) 424,386 (55,087)
Commercial CMO and MBS(1) 473,580 (16,971) 181,692 (32,763) 655,272 (49,734)
Corporate obligations 3,834 (166) — — 3,834 (166)
Other asset-backed securities 16,489 (510) 721 (12) 17,210 (522)
Total $ 846,332 $ (40,033) $ 441,754 $ (88,762) $ 1,288,086 $ (128,795)

(1) U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise CMO and MBS.

(c) ACL on Investment Securities

The Company evaluated investment securities available for sale as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and determined that any declines in fair value were attributable to changes in interest rates relative to where these investments fall within the yield curve and individual characteristics. Management monitors published credit ratings for adverse changes for all rated investment securities and none of these securities had a below investment grade credit rating as of both June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. In addition, the Company does not intend to sell these securities nor does the Company consider it more likely than not that it will be required to sell these securities before the recovery of the amortized cost basis, which may be upon maturity. Therefore, no ACL on investment securities available for sale was recorded as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

The Company also evaluated investment securities held to maturity for current expected credit losses as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. There were no investment securities held to maturity classified as nonaccrual or past due as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and all were issued by the U.S. government and its agencies and either explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government, highly rated by major credit rating agencies and had a long history of no credit

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losses. Accordingly, the Company did not measure expected credit losses on investment securities held to maturity since the historical credit loss information adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts results in an expectation that nonpayment of the amortized cost basis is zero. Therefore, no ACL on investment securities held to maturity was recorded as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

(d) Realized Gains and Losses

During the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 there were no sales of investment securities available for sale. The following table presents the gross realized gains and losses on the sale of investment securities available for sale determined using the specific identification for the dates indicated:

Six Months Ended<br>June 30,
2023 2022
(In thousands)
Gross realized gains $ 36 $ —
Gross realized losses (322) —
Net realized (loss) gain $ (286) $ —

(e) Pledged Securities

The following table summarizes the amortized cost and fair value of investment securities that were pledged as collateral for the following obligations at the dates indicated:

June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
Amortized<br>Cost Fair<br>Value Amortized<br>Cost Fair<br>Value
(In thousands)
State and local governments public deposits $ 225,512 $ 210,173 $ 156,784 $ 137,931
FRB 881,662 765,440 60,660 49,506
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase 52,084 46,614 63,685 55,836
Other securities pledged 54,113 47,024 54,910 48,358
Total $ 1,213,371 $ 1,069,251 $ 336,039 $ 291,631

(f) Accrued Interest Receivable

Accrued interest receivable excluded from the amortized cost of investment securities available for sale totaled $4.6 million and $4.8 million at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Accrued interest receivable excluded from the amortized cost on investment securities held to maturity totaled $2.3 million and $2.4 million at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

No amounts of accrued interest receivable on investment securities available for sale or held to maturity were reversed against interest income on investment securities during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022.

(g) Non-Marketable Securities

At December 31, 2022, as a member bank of Visa U.S.A., we held 6,549 shares of Visa Inc. Class B common stock. These shares had a carrying value of zero and were restricted from resale to non-member banks of Visa U.S.A. until their conversion into Class A (voting) shares upon the termination of Visa Inc.'s Covered Litigation escrow account. During the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Bank sold all shares of Visa Inc. Class B common stock and recognized a $1.6 million gain which is included in other income.

(3)Loans Receivable

The Bank originates loans in the ordinary course of business and has also acquired loans through mergers and acquisitions. Accrued interest receivable was excluded from disclosures presenting the Bank's amortized cost of loans receivable as it was deemed insignificant. In addition to originating loans, the Bank may also purchase loans through pool purchases, participation purchases and syndicated loan purchases.

(a) Loan Origination/Risk Management

The Bank categorizes the individual loans in the total loan portfolio into four segments: commercial business; residential real estate; real estate construction and land development; and consumer. Within these segments are classes of loans for which management monitors and assesses credit risk in the loan portfolios. A detailed description of the portfolio segments and classes is contained in the 2022 Annual Form 10-K.

The Bank has certain lending policies and guidelines in place that are designed to maximize loan income within an acceptable level of risk. Management reviews and approves these policies and guidelines on a regular basis. A reporting system supplements the review process by providing management with frequent reports related to loan production, loan quality,

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concentrations of credit, loan delinquencies and nonperforming and criticized loans. The Bank also conducts internal loan reviews and validates the credit risk assessment on a periodic basis and presents the results of these reviews to management. The loan review process complements and reinforces the risk identification and assessment decisions made by loan officers and credit personnel.

The amortized cost of loans receivable, net of ACL on loans, consisted of the following portfolio segments and classes at the dates indicated:

June 30,<br>2023 December 31,<br>2022
(In thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 708,021 $ 692,100
SBA PPP 567 1,468
Owner-occupied CRE 958,912 937,040
Non-owner occupied CRE 1,644,490 1,586,632
Total commercial business 3,311,990 3,217,240
Residential real estate 375,659 343,631
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential 78,660 80,074
Commercial and multifamily 307,041 214,038
Total real estate construction and land development 385,701 294,112
Consumer 177,994 195,875
Loans receivable 4,251,344 4,050,858
ACL on loans (46,408) (42,986)
Loans receivable, net $ 4,204,936 $ 4,007,872
Balances included in the amortized cost of loans receivable:
Unamortized net discount on acquired loans $ (2,151) $ (2,501)
Unamortized net deferred fee $ (10,621) $ (10,016)

(b) Concentrations of Credit

Most of the Bank’s lending activity occurs within its primary market areas which are concentrated along the I-5 corridor from Whatcom County, Washington to Lane County, Oregon, as well as Yakima County in Washington and Ada County in Idaho. Additionally, the Bank's loan portfolio is concentrated in commercial business loans, which include commercial and industrial, SBA PPP, owner-occupied and nonowner-occupied CRE, and commercial and multifamily real estate construction and land development loans. Commercial business loans, excluding SBA PPP loans, are generally considered as having a more inherent risk of default than residential real estate loans or other consumer loans. Also, the commercial loan balance per borrower is typically larger than that for residential real estate loans and consumer loans, implying higher potential losses on an individual loan basis.

(c) Credit Quality Indicators

As part of the on-going monitoring of the credit quality of the Bank’s loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including trends related to (i) the risk grade of the loans, (ii) the level of classified loans, (iii) net charge-offs, (iv) nonperforming loans, (v) past due status, and (vi) the general economic conditions of the United States of America, and specifically the states of Washington and Oregon.

The Bank utilizes a risk grading matrix to assign a risk grade to each of its loans. Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 10. Risk grades are aggregated to create the risk categories of Pass for grades 1 to 6, Special Mention or "SM" for grade 7, Substandard or "SS" for grade 8, Doubtful for grade 9 and Loss for grade 10. Descriptions of the general characteristics of the risk grades, including qualitative information on how the risk grades relate to the risk of loss, are contained in the 2022 Annual Form 10-K. Numerical loan grades for loans are established at the origination of the loan. Changes to loan grades are considered at the time new information about the performance of a loan becomes available, including the receipt of updated financial information from the borrower, results of annual term loan reviews and scheduled loan reviews. For consumer loans, the Bank follows the FDIC’s Uniform Retail Credit Classification and Account Management Policy for subsequent classification in the event of payment delinquencies or default. Typically, an individual loan grade will not be changed from the prior period unless there is a specific indication of credit deterioration or improvement. Credit deterioration is evidenced by delinquency, direct communications with the borrower or other borrower information that becomes known to management. Credit improvements are evidenced by known facts regarding the borrower or the collateral property.

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Loan grades relate to the likelihood of losses in that the higher the grade, the greater the loss potential. Loans with a pass grade may have some estimated inherent losses, but to a lesser extent than the other loan grades. The SM loan grade is transitory in that the Bank is waiting on additional information to determine the likelihood and extent of any potential loss. The likelihood of loss for SM graded loans, however, is greater than Watch graded loans because there has been measurable credit deterioration. Loans with a SS grade have further credit deterioration and include both accrual loans and nonaccrual loans. For Doubtful and Loss graded loans, the Bank is almost certain of the losses and the outstanding principal balances are generally charged off to the realizable value.

The following table presents the amortized cost of loans receivable by risk grade and origination year at the dates indicated. The Bank adopted the vintage disclosure requirements of ASU 2022-02 prospectively as described in Note 1 beginning January 1, 2023.

Accordingly, the following vintage table reflects the gross charge-offs by loan class and year of origination for the periods indicated:

June 30, 2023
Term Loans<br>Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted (1) Loans Receivable
2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior
(In thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial
Pass $ 50,075 $ 171,694 $ 88,238 $ 76,218 $ 48,393 $ 93,741 $ 136,899 $ 89 $ 665,347
SM — 567 180 1,763 4,541 4,821 8,512 — 20,384
SS — 1,216 164 1,599 3,095 5,271 10,945 — 22,290
Total 50,075 173,477 88,582 79,580 56,029 103,833 156,356 89 708,021
SBA PPP
Pass — — 492 75 — — — — 567
Owner-occupied CRE
Pass 48,375 138,539 166,088 88,519 152,446 322,680 — — 916,647
SM — — 3,853 2,027 318 19,892 — — 26,090
SS — — — 663 — 15,512 — — 16,175
Total 48,375 138,539 169,941 91,209 152,764 358,084 — — 958,912
Non-owner occupied CRE
Pass 97,701 239,551 208,212 156,484 243,460 657,188 — — 1,602,596
SM — 604 8,260 — 578 19,656 — — 29,098
SS — — — — — 12,796 — — 12,796
Total 97,701 240,155 216,472 156,484 244,038 689,640 — — 1,644,490
Total commercial business
Pass 196,151 549,784 463,030 321,296 444,299 1,073,609 136,899 89 3,185,157
SM — 1,171 12,293 3,790 5,437 44,369 8,512 — 75,572
SS — 1,216 164 2,262 3,095 33,579 10,945 — 51,261
Total 196,151 552,171 475,487 327,348 452,831 1,151,557 156,356 89 3,311,990
Commercial business gross charge-offs
Current period — — — 61 — 100 — — 161
Residential real estate
Pass(1) 32,678 136,416 148,353 25,345 15,644 17,055 — — 375,491
SS — — — — — 168 — — 168
Total 32,678 136,416 148,353 25,345 15,644 17,223 — — 375,659
Residential real estate gross charge-offs:
Current period — — — — — — — — —

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June 30, 2023
Term Loans<br>Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted (1) Loans Receivable
2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential
Pass 17,930 40,499 9,970 1,766 840 1,792 760 — 73,557
SS 784 — 4,319 — — — — — 5,103
Total 18,714 40,499 14,289 1,766 840 1,792 760 — 78,660
Commercial and multifamily
Pass 10,033 138,805 138,228 6,711 780 3,433 — — 297,990
SM — — — 2,984 5,687 380 — — 9,051
Total 10,033 138,805 138,228 9,695 6,467 3,813 — — 307,041
Total real estate construction and land development
Pass 27,963 179,304 148,198 8,477 1,620 5,225 760 — 371,547
SM — — — 2,984 5,687 380 — — 9,051
SS 784 — 4,319 — — — — — 5,103
Total 28,747 179,304 152,517 11,461 7,307 5,605 760 — 385,701
Real estate construction and land development gross charge-offs:
Current period — — — — — — — — —
Consumer
Pass 962 2,809 415 7,995 20,989 26,490 115,616 597 175,873
SS — — — 152 446 1,135 366 22 2,121
Total 962 2,809 415 8,147 21,435 27,625 115,982 619 177,994
Consumer gross charge-offs:
Current period — — 12 13 53 70 149 — 297
Loans receivable
Pass 257,754 868,313 759,996 363,113 482,552 1,122,379 253,275 686 4,108,068
SM — 1,171 12,293 6,774 11,124 44,749 8,512 — 84,623
SS 784 1,216 4,483 2,414 3,541 34,882 11,311 22 58,653
Total $ 258,538 $ 870,700 $ 776,772 $ 372,301 $ 497,217 $ 1,202,010 $ 273,098 $ 708 $ 4,251,344
Gross charge-offs:
Current period total $ — $ — $ 12 $ 74 $ 53 $ 170 $ 149 $ — $ 458

(1) Represents the loans receivable balance at June 30, 2023 which was converted from a revolving loan to a non-revolving amortizing loan during the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023.

December 31, 2022
Term Loans<br>Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted (1) Loans Receivable
2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior
(In thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial
Pass $ 168,818 $ 93,302 $ 82,437 $ 61,160 $ 33,957 $ 74,181 $ 146,795 $ 172 $ 660,822
SM 212 109 443 4,637 362 4,447 5,433 — 15,643
SS 773 188 1,710 3,465 559 5,098 3,674 168 15,635
Total 169,803 93,599 84,590 69,262 34,878 83,726 155,902 340 692,100

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December 31, 2022
Term Loans<br>Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted (1) Loans Receivable
2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior
(In thousands)
SBA PPP
Pass — 1,351 117 — — — — — 1,468
Owner-occupied CRE
Pass 134,432 167,927 93,834 157,096 62,876 282,212 — — 898,377
SM — 1,744 — — 2,540 16,664 — 247 21,195
SS — — 671 — 3,722 13,075 — — 17,468
Total 134,432 169,671 94,505 157,096 69,138 311,951 — 247 937,040
Non-owner-occupied CRE
Pass 240,151 189,300 160,930 258,778 121,369 561,645 — — 1,532,173
SM — 8,349 — 4,172 — 12,190 — — 24,711
SS — — — — 3,627 26,121 — — 29,748
Total 240,151 197,649 160,930 262,950 124,996 599,956 — — 1,586,632
Total commercial business
Pass 543,401 451,880 337,318 477,034 218,202 918,038 146,795 172 3,092,840
SM 212 10,202 443 8,809 2,902 33,301 5,433 247 61,549
SS 773 188 2,381 3,465 7,908 44,294 3,674 168 62,851
Total 544,386 462,270 340,142 489,308 229,012 995,633 155,902 587 3,217,240
Residential real estate
Pass 132,510 149,934 24,668 16,803 4,207 15,337 — — 343,459
SS — — — — — 172 — — 172
Total 132,510 149,934 24,668 16,803 4,207 15,509 — — 343,631
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential
Pass 45,521 26,675 2,891 3,061 871 1,055 — — 80,074
Commercial and multifamily
Pass 71,168 123,626 6,272 1,084 2,562 995 — — 205,707
SM — — 2,213 5,687 — — — — 7,900
SS — — — 37 — 394 — — 431
Total 71,168 123,626 8,485 6,808 2,562 1,389 — — 214,038
Total real estate construction and land development
Pass 116,689 150,301 9,163 4,145 3,433 2,050 — — 285,781
SM — — 2,213 5,687 — — — — 7,900
SS — — — 37 — 394 — — 431
Total 116,689 150,301 11,376 9,869 3,433 2,444 — — 294,112
Consumer
Pass 3,379 509 9,848 27,370 15,563 19,855 116,605 435 193,564
SS — — 168 559 320 1,120 44 100 2,311
Total 3,379 509 10,016 27,929 15,883 20,975 116,649 535 195,875
Loans receivable
Pass 795,979 752,624 380,997 525,352 241,405 955,280 263,400 607 3,915,644
SM 212 10,202 2,656 14,496 2,902 33,301 5,433 247 69,449
SS 773 188 2,549 4,061 8,228 45,980 3,718 268 65,765
Total $ 796,964 $ 763,014 $ 386,202 $ 543,909 $ 252,535 $ 1,034,561 $ 272,551 $ 1,122 $ 4,050,858

1) Represents the loans receivable balance at December 31, 2022 which was converted from a revolving loan to non-revolving amortizing loan during the year ended December 31, 2022.

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(d) Nonaccrual Loans

The following tables present the amortized cost of nonaccrual loans at the dates indicated:

June 30, 2023
Nonaccrual without ACL Nonaccrual with ACL Total Nonaccrual
(In thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 3,919 $ 503 $ 4,422
Owner-occupied CRE — 208 208
Total $ 3,919 $ 711 $ 4,630 December 31, 2022
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Nonaccrual without ACL Nonaccrual with ACL Total Nonaccrual
(In thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 4,503 $ 1,154 $ 5,657
Owner-occupied CRE — 212 212
Total commercial business 4,503 1,366 5,869
Real estate construction and land development:
Commercial and multifamily — 37 37
Total $ 4,503 $ 1,403 $ 5,906

The following table presents the reversal of interest income on loans due to the write-off of accrued interest receivable upon the initial classification of loans as nonaccrual loans and the interest income recognized due to payment in full or sale of previously classified nonaccrual loans during the following periods:

Three Months Ended<br>June 30, 2023 Three Months Ended<br>June 30, 2022
Interest Income Reversed Interest Income Recognized Interest Income Reversed Interest Income Recognized
(In thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ — $ 2 $ (12) $ 90
Total $ — $ 2 $ (12) $ 90 Six Months Ended<br>June 30, 2023 Six Months Ended<br>June 30, 2022
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Interest Income Reversed Interest Income Recognized Interest Income Reversed Interest Income Recognized
(in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ (14) $ 30 $ (14) $ 229
Owner-occupied CRE — — — 53
Non-owner occupied CRE — — — 774
Total commercial business (14) 30 (14) 1,056
Residential real estate — — — 19
Consumer — — — 68
Total $ (14) $ 30 $ (14) $ 1,143

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, no interest income was recognized subsequent to a loan’s classification as nonaccrual, except as indicated in the tables above due to payment in full or sale.

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(e) Past due loans

The Bank performs an aging analysis of past due loans using policies consistent with regulatory reporting requirements with categories of 30-89 days past due and 90 or more days past due. The following table presents the amortized cost of past due loans at the dates indicated:

June 30, 2023
30-89 Days 90 Days or<br>Greater Total Past <br>Due Current Loans Receivable
(In thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 953 $ 4,605 $ 5,558 $ 702,463 $ 708,021
SBA PPP — — — 567 567
Owner-occupied CRE — 751 751 958,161 958,912
Non-owner occupied CRE — — — 1,644,490 1,644,490
Total commercial business 953 5,356 6,309 3,305,681 3,311,990
Residential real estate — — — 375,659 375,659
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential — — — 78,660 78,660
Commercial and multifamily — — — 307,041 307,041
Total real estate construction and land development — — — 385,701 385,701
Consumer 625 325 950 177,044 177,994
Total $ 1,578 $ 5,681 $ 7,259 $ 4,244,085 $ 4,251,344 December 31, 2022
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
30-89 Days 90 Days or<br>Greater Total Past <br>Due Current Loans Receivable
(In thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 586 $ 6,104 $ 6,690 $ 685,410 $ 692,100
SBA PPP 236 — 236 1,232 1,468
Owner-occupied CRE — 189 189 936,851 937,040
Non-owner occupied CRE — — — 1,586,632 1,586,632
Total commercial business 822 6,293 7,115 3,210,125 3,217,240
Residential real estate 3,066 — 3,066 340,565 343,631
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential — — — 80,074 80,074
Commercial and multifamily — — — 214,038 214,038
Total real estate construction and land development — — — 294,112 294,112
Consumer 1,561 — 1,561 194,314 195,875
Total $ 5,449 $ 6,293 $ 11,742 $ 4,039,116 $ 4,050,858

Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest were $2.3 million and $1.6 million as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

(f) Collateral-dependent Loans

The following tables present the type of collateral securing loans individually evaluated for credit losses and for which the repayment was expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral at the dates indicated, with balances representing the amortized cost of the loan classified by the primary collateral category of each loan if multiple collateral sources secure the loan:

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June 30, 2023
CRE Farmland Residential Real Estate Equipment Total
(In thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 499 $ 1,977 $ 652 $ 439 $ 3,567
Owner-occupied CRE 189 — — — 189
Total $ 688 $ 1,977 $ 652 $ 439 $ 3,756 December 31, 2022
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
CRE Farmland Residential Real Estate Equipment Total
(In thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 1,239 $ 1,977 $ 929 $ — $ 4,145
Owner-occupied CRE 189 — — — 189
Total $ 1,428 $ 1,977 $ 929 $ — $ 4,334

There have been no significant changes to the collateral securing loans individually evaluated for credit losses and for which repayment was expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral during the six months ended June 30, 2023, except changes due to additions or removals of loans in this classification.

(g) Modification of Loans

In January 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2022-02, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures” (“ASU 2022-02”), which eliminated the accounting guidance TDRs while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancing and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. This guidance was applied on a prospective basis.

Modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty may include interest rate reductions, principal or interest forgiveness, term extensions, and other actions intended to minimize economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral.

The following table presents modifications of loans by type of modification at amortized cost that were modified as a result of experiencing both financial difficulty and modified during the period indicated:

Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
Term Extension Total Modified Loans % of Modified Loans to Loans Receivable, net
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 5,899 $ 5,899 0.83 %
Real estate construction and land development:
Commercial and multifamily 2,984 2,984 0.97
Consumer 29 29 0.02
Total $ 8,912 $ 8,912 0.21 % Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
--- --- --- --- ---
Term Extension Term Extension & Int. Rate Reduction Total Modified Loans % of Modified Loans to Loans Receivable, net
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 5,899 $ — $ 5,899 0.83 %
Non-owner occupied CRE 2,730 — 2,730 0.17
Total commercial business 8,629 — 8,629 0.26

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Real estate construction and land development:
Commercial and multifamily 2,984 — 2,984 0.97 %
Consumer 29 18 47 0.03 %
Total $ 11,642 $ 18 $ 11,660 0.27 %

The following table presents the financial effect of the loan modifications presented in the preceding table during the period indicated:

Three Months Ended<br>June 30, 2023
Weighted Average Years of Term Extensions
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial 0.50
Real estate construction and land development:
Commercial and multifamily 0.42
Consumer 2.88
Total 0.48
Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
--- --- --- ---
Weighted Average % of Interest Rate Reductions Weighted Average Years of Term Extensions
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial — % 0.50
Non-owner occupied CRE — 1.00
Total commercial business — 0.66
Residential real estate — 0.00
Real estate construction and land development:
Commercial and multifamily — 0.42
Consumer 1.00 2.61
Total 1.00 % 0.61

There were no modified loans past due or on nonaccrual as of June 30, 2023.

There were no modified loans made during the three months and six months ended June 30, 2023, that subsequently defaulted.

(h) Accrued interest receivable on loans receivable

Accrued interest receivable on loans receivable totaled $12.0 million and $11.3 million at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and is excluded from the calculation of the ACL on loans as interest accrued, but not received, is reversed timely.

(i) Foreclosure proceedings in process

At June 30, 2023, there were no consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process.

(4)Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

The Company's methodology for determining the ACL on loans is based upon key assumptions, including the lookback periods, historic net charge-off factors, economic forecasts, reversion periods, prepayments and qualitative adjustments. The allowance is measured on a collective, or pool, basis when similar risk characteristics exist. Loans that do not share common risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis and are excluded from the collective evaluation. For a description of the Company's ACL policy, see Note 1 - Description of Business, Basis of Presentation, Significant Accounting Policies and Recently

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Issued Accounting Pronouncements included in Item 8. Financial Statements And Supplementary Data in our 2022 Annual Form 10-K.

GAAP requires the Company to develop reasonable and supportable forecasts of future conditions, and estimate how those forecasts are expected to impact a borrower’s ability to satisfy their obligation to the Company and the ultimate collectability of future cash flows over the life of a loan. The Company uses macroeconomic scenarios from an independent third party. These scenarios are based on past events, current conditions, and the likelihood of future events occurring. The Company’s ACL model at June 30, 2023 includes assumptions concerning the rising interest rate environment, ongoing inflationary pressures throughout the U.S. economy, higher energy prices, and general uncertainty concerning future economic conditions, and the potential for recessionary conditions.

The Company recognizes that historical information used as the basis for determining future expected credit losses may not always, by itself, provide a sufficient basis for determining future expected credit losses. The Company, therefore, considers the need for qualitative adjustments to the ACL on a quarterly basis. Qualitative adjustments may be related to and include, but not be limited to, factors such as: (i) management’s assessment of economic forecasts used in the model and how those forecasts align with management’s overall evaluation of current and expected economic conditions, (ii) organization specific risks such as credit concentrations, collateral specific risks, regulatory risks, and external factors that may ultimately impact credit quality, (iii) potential model limitations such as limitations identified through back-testing, and other limitations associated with factors such as underwriting changes, acquisition of new portfolios and changes in portfolio segmentation, and (iv) management’s overall assessment of the adequacy of the ACL, including an assessment of model data inputs used to determine the ACL.

As of June 30, 2023, qualitative adjustments primarily relate to certain segments of the loan portfolio deemed by management to be of a higher-risk profile where management believes the quantitative component of the Company’s ACL model may not have fully captured the associated impact to the ACL. In addition, qualitative adjustments also relate to heightened uncertainty as to future macroeconomic conditions and the related impact on certain loan segments. Management reviews the need for an appropriate level of qualitative adjustments on a quarterly basis, and as such, the amount and allocation of qualitative adjustments may change in future periods.

During the six months ended June 30, 2023, the ACL on loans increased $3.4 million, or 8.0%, to $46.4 million from $43.0 million at December 31, 2022 due primarily to a provision for credit losses on loans of $3.7 million driven by growth in loans receivable, net.

The following tables detail the activity in the ACL on loans by segment and class for the periods indicated:

Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
Beginning Balance Charge-offs Recoveries Provision for (Reversal of) Credit Losses Ending Balance
(In thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 13,566 $ — $ 38 $ (316) $ 13,288
Owner-occupied CRE 7,525 — — 978 8,503
Non-owner occupied CRE 8,846 — — 636 9,482
Total commercial business 29,937 — 38 1,298 31,273
Residential real estate 2,902 — — (37) 2,865
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential 1,542 — — 129 1,671
Commercial and multifamily 7,443 — — 571 8,014
Total real estate construction and land development 8,985 — — 700 9,685
Consumer 2,645 (144) 57 27 2,585
Total $ 44,469 $ (144) $ 95 $ 1,988 $ 46,408
Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginning Balance Charge-offs Recoveries Provision for (Reversal of) Credit Losses Ending Balance
(In thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 13,962 $ (161) $ 89 $ (602) $ 13,288
Owner-occupied CRE 7,480 — — 1,023 8,503
Non-owner occupied CRE 9,276 — — 206 9,482
Total commercial business 30,718 (161) 89 627 31,273

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Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
Beginning Balance Charge-offs Recoveries Provision for (Reversal of) Credit Losses Ending Balance
(In thousands)
Residential real estate 2,872 — — (7) 2,865
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential 1,654 — — 17 1,671
Commercial and multifamily 5,409 — — 2,605 8,014
Total real estate construction and land development 7,063 — — 2,622 9,685
Consumer 2,333 (297) 90 459 2,585
Total $ 42,986 $ (458) $ 179 $ 3,701 $ 46,408 Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginning Balance Charge-offs Recoveries (Reversal of) Provision for Credit Losses Ending Balance
(In thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 15,265 $ (117) $ 149 $ (1,264) $ 14,033
Owner-occupied CRE 7,085 — — 1,077 8,162
Non-owner occupied CRE 9,582 — — (70) 9,512
Total commercial business 31,932 (117) 149 (257) 31,707
Residential real estate 1,803 — — 334 2,137
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential 1,124 — 6 (49) 1,081
Commercial and multifamily 3,175 — 53 (1,025) 2,203
Total real estate construction and land development 4,299 — 59 (1,074) 3,284
Consumer 2,299 (132) 53 348 2,568
Total $ 40,333 $ (249) $ 261 $ (649) $ 39,696 Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginning Balance Charge-offs Recoveries Provision for (Reversal of) Credit Losses Ending Balance
(In thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 17,777 $ (280) $ 421 $ (3,885) $ 14,033
Owner-occupied CRE 6,411 (36) — 1,787 8,162
Non-owner occupied CRE 8,861 — — 651 9,512
Total commercial business 33,049 (316) 421 (1,447) 31,707
Residential real estate 1,409 (30) 3 755 2,137
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential 1,304 — 14 (237) 1,081
Commercial and multifamily 3,972 — 53 (1,822) 2,203
Total real estate construction and land development 5,276 — 67 (2,059) 3,284
Consumer 2,627 (258) 619 (420) 2,568
Total $ 42,361 $ (604) $ 1,110 $ (3,171) $ 39,696

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(5)Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

(a) Goodwill

There were no additions to goodwill during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. Additionally, management analyzes its goodwill on an annual basis on December 31 and between annual tests in certain circumstances such as material adverse changes in legal, business, regulatory and economic factors. An impairment loss is recorded to the extent the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. The Company performed an annual impairment assessment as of December 31, 2022 and concluded that there was no impairment. Due to a sustained decline in stock price during the three months ended June 30, 2023, the Company determined a triggering event occurred and consequently performed a quantitative assessment of goodwill as of May 31, 2023. We estimated the fair value of the reporting unit by weighting results from the market approach and the income approach. Significant assumptions inherent in the valuation methodologies for goodwill were employed and included, but were not limited to, prospective financial information, growth rates, terminal value, discount rates, and comparable multiples from publicly traded companies in our industry. Based on this quantitative test, we determined that the fair value of the reporting unit more likely than not exceeded the carrying value. Changes in the economic environment, operations of the reporting unit or other adverse events could result in future impairment charges which could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s operating results.

(b) Other Intangible Assets

Other intangible assets represent core deposit intangible acquired in business combinations with estimated useful lives of ten years. There were no additions to other intangible assets during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022.

(6)Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company utilizes interest rate swap derivative contracts to facilitate the needs of its commercial customers whereby it enters into an interest rate swap with a customer while at the same time entering into an offsetting interest rate swap with another financial institution. The transaction allows the Company’s customer to effectively convert a variable rate loan to a fixed rate loan, or a fixed rate loan to a variable rate loan, and the Company recognizes immediate income based upon the difference in the bid/ask spread of the underlying transactions with its customers and the third-party. These interest rate swaps are not designated as hedging instruments.

The Company is exposed to interest rate risk as part of the transaction. However, the Company acts as an intermediary for its customer therefore changes in the fair value of the underlying derivative contracts for the most part offset each other and do not significantly impact the Company’s results of operations.

Fee income related to interest rate swap derivative contract transactions is recorded in Interest rate swap fees on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. The fair value of derivative positions outstanding is included in Prepaid expenses and other assets and Accrued expenses and other liabilities in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The gains and losses due to changes in fair value and all cash flows are included in Other income in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, but typically net to zero based on the identical back-to-back interest rate swap derivative contracts unless a credit valuation adjustment is recorded to appropriately reflect nonperformance risk in the fair value measurement. Various factors impact changes in the credit valuation adjustments over time, including changes in the risk ratings of the parties to the contracts, as well as changes in market rates and volatilities, which affect the total expected exposure of the derivative instruments.

The following table presents the notional amounts and estimated fair values of interest rate derivative contracts outstanding at the dates indicated:

June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
Notional Amounts Estimated Fair Value Notional Amounts Estimated Fair Value
(In thousands)
Non-hedging interest rate derivatives
Interest rate swap asset (1) $ 288,359 28,032 $ 288,785 $ 30,107
Interest rate swap liability (1) 288,359 (28,032) 288,785 (30,107)

(1) The estimated fair value of derivatives with customers was $(28.0) million and $(30.1) million as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The estimated fair value of derivatives with third-parties was $28.0 million and $30.1 million as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

The Company is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of nonperformance by the counterparty to these agreements. Credit risk for derivatives with the customer is controlled through the credit approval process, amount limits, and monitoring procedures and is concentrated within our primary market areas. Credit risk for derivatives with third-parties is concentrated among four well-known broker dealers.

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(7)Stockholders’ Equity

(a) Earnings Per Common Share

The following table illustrates the calculation of weighted average shares used for earnings per common share computations for the periods indicated:

Three Months Ended<br>June 30, Six Months Ended<br>June 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
(In thousands, except shares)
Net income $ 16,846 $ 18,584 $ 37,303 $ 38,341
Basic:
Weighted average common shares outstanding 35,058,155 35,110,334 35,083,133 35,102,572
Diluted:
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding 35,058,155 35,110,334 35,083,133 35,102,572
Effect of potentially dilutive common shares (1) 68,435 299,190 265,135 310,150
Total diluted weighted average common shares outstanding 35,126,590 35,409,524 35,348,268 35,412,722
Potentially dilutive shares that were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because to do so would be anti-dilutive (2) 328,084 16,978 142,197 14,334

(1)Represents the effect of the vesting of restricted stock units.

(2) Anti-dilution occurs when the unrecognized compensation cost per share of a restricted stock unit exceeds the market price of the Company’s stock.

(b) Dividends

The timing and amount of cash dividends paid on the Company's common stock depends on the Company’s earnings, capital requirements, financial condition and other relevant factors. Dividends on common stock from the Company depend substantially upon receipt of dividends from the Bank, which is the Company’s predominant source of income.

The following table summarizes the dividend activity during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and the calendar year 2022:

Declared Cash Dividend per Share Record Date Paid Date
January 26, 2022 $0.21 February 9, 2022 February 23, 2022
April 20, 2022 $0.21 May 4, 2022 May 18, 2022
July 20, 2022 $0.21 August 3, 2022 August 17, 2022
October 19, 2022 $0.21 November 2, 2022 November 16, 2022
January 25, 2023 $0.22 February 8, 2023 February 22, 2023
April 19, 2023 $0.22 May 4, 2023 May 18, 2023

The FDIC and the Washington State Department of Financial Institutions, Division of Banks have the authority under their supervisory powers to prohibit the payment of dividends by the Bank to the Company. Additionally, current guidance from the Federal Reserve provides, among other things, that dividends per share on the Company’s common stock generally should not exceed earnings per share, measured over the previous four fiscal quarters. Current regulations allow the Company and the Bank to pay dividends on their common stock if the Company’s or the Bank’s regulatory capital would not be reduced below the statutory capital requirements set by the Federal Reserve and the FDIC.

(c) Stock Repurchase Program

The Company has had various stock repurchase programs since March 1999. On March 12, 2020, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 5% of the Company's outstanding common shares, or 1,799,054 shares, under the twelfth stock repurchase plan with 455,909 shares remaining available for repurchase as of June 30, 2023. The number, timing and price of shares repurchased under the twelfth stock repurchase plan will depend on business and market conditions and other factors, including opportunities to deploy the Company's capital.

The following table provides total repurchased shares and average share prices under the repurchase plan for the periods indicated:

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Three Months Ended<br>June 30, Six Months Ended<br>June 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022 Plan Total(1)
Twelfth Stock Repurchase Plan
Repurchased shares 93,950 19,531 182,305 100,090 1,343,145
Stock repurchase average share price $ 17.79 $ 24.63 $ 20.23 $ 25.07 $ 23.43

(1)Represents total shares repurchased and average price per share paid during the duration of the repurchase plan.

In addition to the stock repurchases under a stock repurchase plan, the Company repurchases shares to pay withholding taxes on the vesting of restricted stock units. The following table provides total shares repurchased to pay withholding taxes during the periods indicated:

Three Months Ended<br>June 30, Six Months Ended<br>June 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
Repurchased shares to pay withholding taxes 4,508 1,649 31,232 26,180
Stock repurchase to pay withholding taxes average share price $ 17.60 $ 24.43 $ 22.08 $ 25.40

(8)Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair values:

Level 1: Valuations for assets and liabilities traded in active exchange markets, or interest in open-end mutual funds that allow the Company to sell its ownership interest back to the fund at net asset value on a daily basis. Valuations are obtained from readily available pricing sources for market transactions involving identical assets, liabilities, or funds.

Level 2: Valuations for assets and liabilities traded in less active dealer or broker markets, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or valuations using methodologies with observable inputs.

Level 3: Valuations for assets and liabilities that are derived from other valuation methodologies, such as option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques using unobservable inputs, and not based on market exchange, dealer, or broker traded transactions. Level 3 valuations incorporate certain assumptions and projections in determining the fair value assigned to such assets or liabilities.

(a) Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis

The Company used the following methods and significant assumptions to measure the fair value of certain assets on a recurring and nonrecurring basis:

Investment Securities:

The fair values of all investment securities are based upon the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the security. If available, fair values of investment securities are determined by quoted market prices (Level 1). For investment securities where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are calculated based on market prices on similar securities (Level 2). For investment securities where quoted prices or market prices of similar securities are not available, fair values are calculated by using observable and unobservable inputs such as discounted cash flows or other market indicators (Level 3). Investment security valuations are obtained from third-party pricing services.

Collateral-Dependent Loans:

Collateral-dependent loans are identified for the calculation of the ACL on loans. The fair value used to measure credit loss for this type of loan is commonly based on recent real estate appraisals which are generally obtained at least every 18 months or earlier if there are changes to risk characteristics of the underlying loan. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by independent appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. The Bank also incorporates an estimate of cost to sell the collateral when the sale is probable. Such adjustments may be significant and result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Non-real estate collateral may be valued using an appraisal, net book value based on the borrower’s financial statements or aging reports, adjusted or discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of the valuation and management’s expertise and knowledge of the customer and customer’s business (Level 3). Individually evaluated loans are analyzed for credit loss on a quarterly basis and the ACL on loans is adjusted as required based on the results.

Appraisals on collateral-dependent loans are performed by certified general appraisers for commercial properties or certified residential appraisers for residential properties whose qualifications and licenses have been reviewed and verified by the Bank. Once received, the Bank's internal appraisal department reviews and approves the assumptions and approaches utilized

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in the appraisal as well as the resulting fair value in comparison with independent data sources such as recent market data or industry-wide statistics.

Derivative Financial Instruments:

The Bank obtains broker or dealer quotes to value its interest rate derivative contracts, which use valuation models using observable market data as of the measurement date (Level 2), and incorporates credit valuation adjustments to reflect nonperformance risk in the measurement of fair value (Level 3). Although the Bank has determined that the majority of the inputs used to value its interest rate swap derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with its derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as borrower risk ratings, to evaluate the likelihood of default by itself and its counterparties. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Bank assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustment on the overall valuation of its interest rate swap derivatives and determined the credit valuation adjustment was not significant to the overall valuation of its interest rate swap derivatives. As a result, the Bank has classified its interest rate swap derivative valuations in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Recurring Basis

The following tables summarize the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at the dates indicated:

June 30, 2023
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
(In thousands)
Assets
Investment securities available for sale:
U.S. government and agency securities $ 64,259 $ — $ 64,259 $ —
Municipal securities 130,015 2,168 127,847 —
Residential CMO and MBS 410,972 — 410,972 —
Commercial CMO and MBS 648,341 — 648,341 —
Corporate obligations 3,774 — 3,774 —
Other asset-backed securities 19,189 — 19,189 —
Total investment securities available for sale 1,276,550 2,168 1,274,382 —
Equity security 244 244 — —
Derivative assets - interest rate swaps 28,032 — 28,032 —
Liabilities
Derivative liabilities - interest rate swaps $ 28,032 $ — $ 28,032 $ —
December 31, 2022
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
(In thousands)
Assets
Investment securities available for sale:
U.S. government and agency securities $ 63,859 $ 19,779 $ 44,080 $ —
Municipal securities 153,026 5,399 147,627 —
Residential CMO and MBS 424,386 — 424,386 —
Commercial CMO and MBS 664,421 — 664,421 —
Corporate obligations 3,834 — 3,834 —
Other asset-backed securities 21,917 — 21,917 —
Total investment securities available for sale 1,331,443 25,178 1,306,265 —
Equity security 185 185 — —
Derivative assets - interest rate swaps 30,107 — 30,107 —
Liabilities
Derivative liabilities - interest rate swaps $ 30,107 $ — $ 30,107 $ —

Nonrecurring Basis

The Company may be required to measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These adjustments to fair value usually result from application of lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or write-downs of individual assets. The following tables represent assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at the dates indicated:

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Fair Value at June 30, 2023
Basis(1) Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
(In thousands)
Collateral-dependent loans:
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 220 $ 114 $ — $ — $ 114
Owner-occupied CRE 613 178 — — 178
Total assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis $ 833 $ 292 $ — $ — $ 292

(1) Basis represents the outstanding principal balance of collateral-dependent loans.

Fair Value at December 31, 2022
Basis(1) Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
(In thousands)
Collateral-dependent loans:
Commercial business:
Owner-occupied CRE $ 613 $ 182 $ — $ — $ 182
Total assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis $ 613 $ 182 $ — $ — $ 182

(1) Basis represents the outstanding principal balance of collateral-dependent loans.

The following tables present quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements for financial instruments measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at the dates indicated:

June 30, 2023
Fair<br>Value Valuation<br>Technique(s) Unobservable Input(s) Range of Inputs Weighted<br><br>Average (1)
(Dollars in thousands)
Collateral-dependent loans $ 292 Market approach Adjustments to reflect current conditions and selling costs 16.1% - 16.5% 16.3%

(1) Weighted by net discount to net appraisal fair value

December 31, 2022
Fair<br>Value Valuation<br>Technique(s) Unobservable Input(s) Range of Inputs Weighted<br><br>Average (1)
(Dollars in thousands)
Collateral-dependent loans $ 182 Market approach Adjustments to reflect current conditions and selling costs 14.6% - 14.6% 14.6%

(1) Weighted by net discount to net appraisal fair value

(b) Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Broadly traded markets do not exist for most of the Company’s financial instruments; therefore, the fair value calculations attempt to incorporate the effect of current market conditions at a specific time. These determinations are subjective in nature, involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and do not include tax ramifications; therefore, the results cannot be determined with precision, substantiated by comparison to independent markets and may not be realized in an actual sale or immediate settlement of the instruments. There may be inherent weaknesses in any calculation technique and changes in the underlying assumptions used, including discount rates and estimates of future cash flows, could significantly affect the results. For all of these reasons, the aggregation of the fair value calculations presented herein does not represent, and should not be construed to represent, the underlying value of the Company.

The following tables present the carrying value amount of the Company’s financial instruments and their corresponding estimated fair values at the dates indicated:

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June 30, 2023
Carrying<br>Value Fair<br>Value Fair Value Measurements Using:
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
(In thousands)
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 108,378 $ 108,378 $ 108,378 $ — $ —
Investment securities available for sale 1,276,550 1,276,550 2,168 1,274,382 —
Investment securities held to maturity 754,276 664,810 — 664,810 —
Loans held for sale 752 765 — 765 —
Loans receivable, net 4,204,936 4,086,835 — — 4,086,835
Accrued interest receivable 18,969 18,969 22 6,949 11,998
Derivative assets - interest rate swaps 28,032 28,032 — 28,032 —
Equity security 244 244 244 — —
Financial Liabilities:
Non-maturity deposits $ 5,154,380 $ 5,154,380 $ 5,154,380 $ — $ —
Certificates of deposit 441,163 446,196 — 446,196 —
Borrowings 450,000 447,251 — 447,251 —
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase 38,215 38,215 38,215 — —
Junior subordinated debentures 21,619 19,500 — — 19,500
Accrued interest payable 3,480 3,480 60 3,344 76
Derivative liabilities - interest rate swaps 28,032 28,032 — 28,032 —
December 31, 2022
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Carrying<br>Value Fair<br>Value Fair Value Measurements Using:
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
(In thousands)
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 103,590 $ 103,590 $ 103,590 $ — $ —
Investment securities available for sale 1,331,443 1,331,443 25,178 1,306,265 —
Investment securities held to maturity 766,396 673,434 — 673,434 —
Loans receivable, net 4,007,872 3,841,821 — — 3,841,821
Accrued interest receivable 18,547 18,547 349 6,892 11,306
Derivative assets - interest rate swaps 30,107 30,107 — 30,107 —
Equity security 185 185 185 — —
Financial Liabilities:
Non-maturity deposits $ 5,617,267 $ 5,617,267 $ 5,617,267 $ — $ —
Certificates of deposit 307,573 308,325 — 308,325 —
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase 46,597 46,597 46,597 — —
Junior subordinated debentures 21,473 20,000 — — 20,000
Accrued interest payable 143 143 57 13 73
Derivative liabilities - interest rate swaps 30,107 30,107 — 30,107 —

(9)Cash Restriction

The Bank had no cash restrictions at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

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(10)Commitments and Contingencies

In the ordinary course of business, the Bank may enter into various types of transactions that include commitments to extend credit that are not included in its unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The Bank applies the same credit standards to these commitments as it uses in all its lending activities and has included these commitments in its lending risk evaluations. The majority of the commitments presented below are variable rate. Loan commitments can be either revolving or non-revolving. The Bank’s exposure to credit and market risk under commitments to extend credit is represented by the amount of these commitments.

The following table presents outstanding commitments to extend credit, including letters of credit, at the dates indicated:

June 30,<br>2023 December 31, 2022
(In thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 544,443 $ 548,438
Owner-occupied CRE 2,970 3,083
Non-owner occupied CRE 18,917 13,396
Total commercial business 566,330 564,917
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential 49,081 43,460
Commercial and multifamily 346,083 348,956
Total real estate construction and land development 395,164 392,416
Consumer 334,088 323,016
Total outstanding commitments $ 1,295,582 $ 1,280,349

The following table details the activity in the ACL on unfunded commitments during the periods indicated:

Three Months Ended<br>June 30, Six Months Ended<br>June 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
(In thousands)
Balance, beginning of period $ 1,856 $ 1,552 $ 1,744 $ 2,607
(Reversal of) provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments (79) (555) 33 (1,610)
Balance, end of period $ 1,777 $ 997 $ 1,777 $ 997

ITEM 2.    MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion is intended to assist in understanding the financial condition and results of operations of the Company as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023. The information contained in this section should be read together with the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes included herein, the Forward-Looking Statements included herein and the December 31, 2022 audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes included in our 2022 Annual Form 10-K.

Overview

Heritage Financial Corporation is a bank holding company which primarily engages in the business activities of our wholly-owned financial institution subsidiary, Heritage Bank. We provide financial services to our local communities with an ongoing strategic focus on our commercial banking relationships, market expansion and asset quality. The Company’s business activities generally are limited to passive investment activities and oversight of its investment in the Bank. Accordingly, the information set forth in this report relates primarily to the Bank’s operations.

Our business consists primarily of commercial lending and deposit relationships with small to medium sized businesses and their owners in our market areas and attracting deposits from the general public. We also make real estate construction and land development loans and consumer loans. We additionally originate for sale or for investment purposes residential real estate loans on single family properties located primarily in our markets.

Our core profitability depends primarily on our net interest income. Net interest income is the difference between interest income, which is the income that we earn on interest earning assets, comprised primarily of loans and investment securities, and interest expense, which is the amount we pay on our interest bearing liabilities, consisting primarily of deposits and borrowings. Management manages the repricing characteristics of the Company's interest earning assets and interest

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bearing liabilities to protect net interest income from changes in market interest rates and changes in the shape of the yield curve. Like most financial institutions, our net interest income is significantly affected by general and local economic conditions, particularly changes in market interest rates including most recently significant changes as a result of inflation, and by governmental policies and actions of regulatory agencies. Net interest income is additionally affected by changes in the volume and mix of interest earning assets, interest earned on these assets, the volume and mix of interest bearing liabilities and interest paid on these liabilities.

Our net income is affected by many factors, including the provision for credit losses on loans. The provision for credit losses on loans is dependent on changes in the loan portfolio and management’s assessment of the collectability of the loan portfolio as well as prevailing economic and market conditions. Management believes that the ACL on loans reflects the amount that is appropriate to provide for current expected credit losses in our loan portfolio based on our methodology.

Net income is also affected by noninterest income and noninterest expense. Noninterest income primarily consists of service charges and other fees, card revenue and other income. Noninterest expense consists primarily of compensation and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment, data processing and professional services. Compensation and employee benefits consist primarily of the salaries and wages paid to our employees, payroll taxes, expenses for retirement and other employee benefits. Occupancy and equipment expenses are the fixed and variable costs of buildings and equipment, and consist primarily of lease expenses, depreciation charges, maintenance and utilities. Data processing consists primarily of processing and network services related to the Bank’s core operating system, including the account processing system, electronic payments processing of products and services, internet and mobile banking channels and software-as-a-service providers. Professional services consist primarily of third-party service providers such as auditors, consultants and lawyers.

Results of operations may also be significantly affected by general and local economic and competitive conditions, changes in accounting, tax, and regulatory rules, governmental policies and actions of regulatory authorities, including changes resulting from inflation and the governmental actions taken to address this issue. Net income is also impacted by growth of operations through organic growth or acquisitions.

Recent Developments

Inflationary pressures persisted in 2022 and through the six months ended June 30, 2023, resulting in higher costs for consumers and businesses. To address the persistent levels of inflation, the Federal Open Market Committee (“FOMC”) has taken steps to tighten monetary policy through a cumulative 500 basis point increase to the federal funds rate from March 2022 through June 30, 2023. Management notes that the rapid intervals of rate increases by the Federal Reserve and flattening or inversion of the yield curve, have boosted expectations of the US entering a recession within the next 12 months. Should these ongoing economic pressures persist, we anticipate it could have an impact on the following:

•Loan growth and interest income - If economic activity begins to wane, it may have an impact on our borrowers, the businesses they operate, and their financial condition. Our borrowers may have less demand for credit needed to invest in and expand their businesses, as well as less demand for real estate loans. Such factors would place pressure on the level of interest-earning assets, which may negatively impact our interest income.

•Credit quality - Should there be a decline in economic activity, the markets we serve could experience increases in unemployment, declines in consumer confidence, and a reluctance on the part of businesses to invest in and expand their operations, among other things. Such factors may result in weakened economic conditions, place strain on our borrowers, and ultimately impact the credit quality of our loan portfolio. We expect this could result in increases in the level of past due, nonaccrual, and classified loans, as well as higher net charge-offs. While economic conditions have generally been favorable thus far, notwithstanding higher levels of inflation, there can be no assurance favorable economic conditions will continue. As such, should we experience future deterioration in the credit quality of our loan portfolio, it may contribute to the need for additional provisions for credit losses.

•ACL - The Company is required to record credit losses on certain financial assets in accordance with the CECL model stipulated under ASC 326, which is highly dependent upon expectations of future economic conditions and requires management judgment. Should expectations of future economic conditions deteriorate, the Company may be required to record additional provisions for credit losses.

•Impairment charges - If economic conditions deteriorate, it could adversely impact the Company’s operating results and the value of certain of our assets. As a result, the Company may be required to write-down the value of certain assets such as goodwill, intangible assets, or deferred tax assets when there is evidence to suggest their value has become impaired or will not be realizable at a future date.

•AOCI - Unrealized gains and losses on AFS investment securities are recognized in stockholders’ equity as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). If economic conditions deteriorate, and/or if the interest rates continue to increase, the valuation of the Company’s AFS investment securities could be negatively impacted, which may lead to increases in other comprehensive loss, decreases to the Company’s stockholders’ equity.

•Deposits and deposit costs - Given the significant rate increases by the FOMC, it is likely that deposit costs will continue to increase and it may become more challenging for the Company to retain and attract deposit relationships.

•Liquidity - Consistent with our prudent, proactive approach to liquidity management, we may take certain actions to further enhance our liquidity, including but not limited to, increasing our FHLB borrowings, and increasing our brokered deposits.

Further, recent developments and events in the financial services industry, including the failures of two large U.S. banks in the span of three days during March 2023 and another failure in early May 2023, created industry-wide concerns related to liquidity, deposit outflows, uninsured deposit concentrations and eroding consumer confidence in the banking system. These events have occurred against the backdrop of a rapidly rising interest rate environment which, among other things, has resulted in unrealized losses in longer duration securities and loans held by banks and more competition for bank deposits. While many factors played a role in the ultimate failures, these institutions had significant industry/demographic concentrations within their

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deposit bases and high ratios of uninsured deposits. Lack of diversity within a deposit base may increase the risk of events or trends that could prompt a larger-scale demand for deposits outflow. Further, concerns over a financial institution's ability to protect deposit balances in excess of the federally insured limit may increase the risk of a deposit run.

Heritage’s business, Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and depositor profiles differ substantially from the banking institutions that are the focus of the recent bank failures. We consider our deposit base to be seasoned, stable and well-diversified, and we do not have any significant industry concentrations among our non-insured deposits. At June 30, 2023, our average deposit account size, calculated by dividing period-end deposits by the population of accounts with balances, was approximately $51,000. The recent industry events and developments have not had a material impact on our financial condition, operations, customer base, liquidity capital position or risk profile, nor have they required us to make any significant changes to our interest rate risk and asset/liability management policies following a review by our Asset Liability Committee. Nevertheless, in response to these recent developments, we have (1) reviewed our contingent liquidity funding plan, including validating procedures and reviewing execution risks in the event of a sudden critical liquidity event, (2) enhanced communication with our customers by holding a bank-wide training session to provide client-facing personnel with information on FDIC insurance, alternative product offerings, and data demonstrating the financial strength of the Bank, and (3) enhanced our monitoring of deposit flows and liquidity including monitoring of (i) deposits by segment, region and location, (ii) liquidity levels and (iii) transaction volumes to better enable us to detect any potential material changes in our financial condition.

Notwithstanding the above, the continued effects of recent industry events and developments could materially and adversely impact our business or financial condition, including through potential liquidity pressures, reduced net interest margins, and potential increased credit losses. Moreover, these recent events and developments have, and could continue to, adversely impact the market price and volatility of Heritage’s securities. These recent events may also result in changes to laws or regulations governing banks and bank holding companies or result in the impositions of restrictions through supervisory or enforcement activities, including higher capital requirements, which could have a material impact on our business. The cost of resolving the recent failures may prompt the FDIC to increase its premiums above the recently increased levels or to issue additional special assessments. We are generally unable to control the amount of premiums or special assessments that our banking subsidiary may be required to pay for FDIC insurance.

The Company continues to focus on serving its customers and communities, maintaining the well-being of its employees, and executing its strategic initiatives. The Company continues to monitor the economic environment and makes changes as appropriate.

Results of Operations

Comparison of quarter ended June 30, 2023 to the comparable quarter in the prior year

Net income was $16.8 million, or $0.48 per diluted common share, for the three months ended June 30, 2023, compared to $18.6 million, or $0.52 per diluted common share, for the same period in 2022. Net income decreased $1.7 million, or 9.4%, for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 due primarily to a $1.9 million provision for credit losses for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to a $1.2 million reversal of provision for credit losses for the same period in 2022 and an increase in noninterest expense of $5.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022.

The decrease in net income was partially offset by an increase in net interest income of $5.8 million, or 11.5%, to $55.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023, compared to $50.0 million for the same period in 2022 due primarily to an increase of $18.3 million in interest earned on interest earning assets following increases in market interest rates offset partially by a $12.6 million increase in interest paid on interest bearing deposits and borrowings.

The Company’s efficiency ratio was 65.5% for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to 62.6% for the same period in 2022.

Comparison of six months ended June 30, 2023 to the comparable period in the prior year.

Net income was $37.3 million, or $1.06 per diluted common share, for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $38.3 million, or $1.08 per diluted common share, for the same period in 2022. Net income decreased $1.0 million, or 2.7%, due primarily to a $3.7 million provision for credit losses for the six months ended June 30, 2023, compared to a $4.8 million reversal of provision for credit losses for the same period in 2022, and an increase in noninterest expense of $11.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022.

The decrease in net income was partially offset by an increase in net interest income of $18.7 million, or 19.3%, to $115.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, compared to $97.0 million for the same period in 2022 due primarily to a $36.4 million increase in interest earned on interest earning assets following increases in market interest rates offset partially by a $17.7 million increase in interest paid on interest bearing deposits and borrowings

The Company’s efficiency ratio was 63.21% for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to 63.46% for the same period in 2022.

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Net Interest Income and Margin Overview

One of the Company's key sources of earnings is net interest income. There are several factors that affect net interest income, including, but not limited to, the volume, pricing, mix and maturity of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities; the volume of noninterest earning assets, noninterest bearing demand deposits, other noninterest bearing liabilities and stockholders' equity; market interest rate fluctuations; and asset quality.

Market rates impact the results of the Company's net interest income, including the significant increases in the federal funds target rate by the Federal Reserve in response to inflation during 2022 and 2023. The following table provides the federal funds target rate history and changes from each period since December 31, 2021:

Change Date Rate (%) Rate Change (%)
December 31, 2021 0.00% - 0.25% N/A
March 17, 2022 0.25% - 0.50% 0.25 %
May 5, 2022 0.75% - 1.00% 0.50 %
June 16, 2022 1.50% - 1.75% 0.75 %
July 28, 2022 2.25% - 2.50% 0.75 %
September 22, 2022 3.00% - 3.25% 0.75 %
November 3, 2022 3.75% - 4.00% 0.75 %
December 15, 2022 4.25% - 4.50% 0.50 %
February 2, 2023 4.50% - 4.75% 0.25 %
March 23, 2023 4.75% - 5.00% 0.25 %
May 3, 2023 5.00% - 5.25% 0.25 %

Comparison of quarter ended June 30, 2023 to the comparable quarter in the prior year

The following table provides relevant net interest income information for the periods indicated:

Three Months Ended June 30,
2023 2022 Change
Average<br><br>Balance(1) Interest<br>Earned/<br>Paid Average<br>Yield/<br>Rate Average<br><br>Balance(1) Interest<br>Earned/<br>Paid Average<br>Yield/<br>Rate Average<br><br>Balance(1) Interest<br>Earned/<br>Paid Average<br>Yield/<br>Rate
(Dollars in thousands)
Interest Earning Assets:
Loans receivable, net (2)(3) $ 4,145,556 $ 53,623 5.19 % $ 3,812,045 $ 40,890 4.30 % $ 333,511 $ 12,733 0.89 %
Taxable securities 1,989,297 14,774 2.98 1,450,328 7,607 2.10 538,969 7,167 0.88
Nontaxable securities (3) 71,803 520 2.90 137,429 893 2.61 (65,626) (373) 0.29
Interest earning deposits 90,754 1,154 5.10 1,213,156 2,342 0.77 (1,122,402) (1,188) 4.33
Total interest earning assets 6,297,410 70,071 4.46 % 6,612,958 51,732 3.14 % (315,548) 18,339 1.32 %
Noninterest earning assets 845,455 772,658 72,797
Total assets $ 7,142,865 $ 7,385,616 $ (242,751)
Interest Bearing Liabilities:
Certificates of Deposit $ 421,451 $ 2,483 2.36 % $ 321,926 $ 324 0.40 % $ 99,525 $ 2,159 1.96 %
Savings accounts 551,201 157 0.11 652,407 88 0.05 (101,206) 69 0.06
Interest bearing demand and money market accounts 2,782,353 5,967 0.86 3,067,373 1,001 0.13 (285,020) 4,966 0.73
Total interest bearing deposits 3,755,005 8,607 0.92 4,041,706 1,413 0.14 (286,701) 7,194 0.78
Junior subordinated debentures 21,577 499 9.28 21,287 239 4.50 290 260 4.78
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase 39,755 63 0.64 48,272 32 0.27 (8,517) 31 0.37
Borrowings 417,896 5,078 4.87 — — — 417,896 5,078 4.87
Total interest bearing liabilities 4,234,233 14,247 1.35 % 4,111,265 1,684 0.16 % 122,968 12,563 1.19 %
Noninterest bearing demand deposits 1,900,640 2,349,746 (449,106)

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Three Months Ended June 30,
2023 2022 Change
Average<br><br>Balance(1) Interest<br>Earned/<br>Paid Average<br>Yield/<br>Rate Average<br><br>Balance(1) Interest<br>Earned/<br>Paid Average<br>Yield/<br>Rate Average<br><br>Balance(1) Interest<br>Earned/<br>Paid Average<br>Yield/<br>Rate
(Dollars in thousands)
Other noninterest bearing liabilities 183,250 113,644 69,606
Stockholders’ equity 824,742 810,961 13,781
Total liabilities and stock-holders’ equity $ 7,142,865 $ 7,385,616 $ (242,751)
Net interest income and spread $ 55,824 3.11 % $ 50,048 2.98 % $ 5,776 0.13 %
Net interest margin 3.56 % 3.04 % 0.52 %

(1) Average balances are calculated using daily balances.

(2) Average loans receivable, net includes loans held for sale and loans classified as nonaccrual, which carry a zero yield. Interest earned on loans receivable, net includes the amortization of net deferred loan fees of $726,000 and $2.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

(3) Yields on tax-exempt loans and securities have not been stated on a tax-equivalent basis.

The following table provides the changes in net interest income for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2022 due to changes in average asset and liability balances (volume), changes in average yields/rates (rate) and changes attributable to the combined effect of volume and interest rates allocated proportionately to the absolute value of changes due to volume and changes due to interest rates:

Increase (Decrease) Due to Changes In:
Volume Yield/Rate Total % Change
(Dollars in thousands)
Interest Earning Assets:
Loans receivable, net $ 3,797 $ 8,936 $ 12,733 31.1 %
Taxable securities 3,382 3,785 7,167 94.2
Nontaxable securities (466) 93 (373) (41.8)
Interest earning deposits (3,887) 2,699 (1,188) (50.7)
Total interest income $ 2,826 $ 15,513 $ 18,339 35.5 %
Interest Bearing Liabilities:
Certificates of deposit $ 129 $ 2,030 $ 2,159 666.4 %
Savings accounts (16) 85 69 78.4
Interest bearing demand and money market accounts (101) 5,067 4,966 496.1
Total interest bearing deposits 12 7,182 7,194 509.1
Junior subordinated debentures 3 257 260 108.8
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase (7) 38 31 96.9
Borrowings 5,078 — 5,078 100.0
Total interest expense $ 5,086 $ 7,477 $ 12,563 746.0 %
Net interest income $ (2,260) $ 8,036 $ 5,776 11.5 %

Net interest income increased $5.8 million, or 11.5%, to $55.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to $50.0 million for the same period in 2022 due primarily to an increase in total interest income offset partially by an increase in total interest expense.

Total interest income increased $18.3 million, or 35.5%, to $70.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023, compared to $51.7 million for the same period in 2022 primarily due to a 132 basis point increase to the yield on interest earning assets to 4.46% for the three months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to 3.14% for the same period in 2022 due to an increase in market interest rates.

Total interest expense increased $12.6 million, or 746.0%, to $14.2 million during the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $1.7 million for the same period in 2022 due primarily to a 78 basis point increase in the cost of interest bearing deposits to 0.92% for the three months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to 0.14% for the same period in 2022 due to competitive rate pressures and the addition of interest expense on borrowings during the three months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to no interest expense on borrowings during the same period in 2022.

Net interest margin increased 52 basis points to 3.56% for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to 3.04% for the same period in 2022.The increase in the net interest margin was due to a shift into higher yielding interest earning assets

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as well as higher average yields on all interest earning assets following increases in market interest rates offset partially by an increase in cost of interest bearing liabilities.

Comparison of six months ended June 30, 2023 to the comparable period in the prior year

The following table provides relevant net interest income information for the periods indicated:

Six Months Ended June 30,
2023 2022 Change
Average<br><br>Balance(1) Interest<br>Earned/<br>Paid Average<br>Yield/<br>Rate Average<br><br>Balance(1) Interest<br>Earned/<br>Paid Average<br>Yield/<br>Rate Average<br><br>Balance(1) Interest<br>Earned/<br>Paid Average<br>Yield/<br>Rate
(Dollars in thousands)
Interest Earning Assets:
Loans receivable, net (2)(3) $ 4,092,769 $ 104,073 5.13 % $ 3,792,792 $ 81,915 4.36 % $ 299,977 $ 22,158 0.77 %
Taxable securities 1,998,268 29,431 2.97 1,361,437 13,610 2.02 636,831 15,821 0.95
Nontaxable securities (3) 77,317 1,106 2.88 141,894 1,753 2.49 (64,577) (647) 0.39
Interest earning deposits 87,086 2,126 4.92 1,357,420 3,048 0.45 (1,270,334) (922) 4.47
Total interest earning assets 6,255,440 136,736 4.41 % 6,653,543 100,326 3.04 % (398,103) 36,410 1.37 %
Noninterest earning assets 847,195 756,523 90,672
Total assets $ 7,102,635 $ 7,410,066 $ (307,431)
Interest Bearing Liabilities:
Certificates of Deposit $ 386,026 $ 3,707 1.94 % $ 329,100 $ 662 0.41 % $ 56,926 $ 3,045 1.53 %
Savings accounts 576,046 299 0.10 649,562 175 0.05 (73,516) 124 0.05
Interest bearing demand and money market accounts 2,805,645 9,129 0.66 3,066,849 2,000 0.13 (261,204) 7,129 0.53
Total interest bearing deposits 3,767,717 13,135 0.70 4,045,511 2,837 0.14 (277,794) 10,298 0.56
Junior subordinated debentures 21,539 981 9.18 21,250 433 4.11 289 548 5.07
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase 41,469 110 0.53 49,140 64 0.26 (7,671) 46 0.27
Borrowings 282,502 6,844 4.89 — — — % 282,502 6,844 4.89
Total interest bearing liabilities 4,113,227 21,070 1.03 % 4,115,901 3,334 0.16 % (2,674) 17,736 0.87 %
Noninterest bearing demand deposits 1,984,200 2,354,571 (370,371)
Other noninterest bearing liabilities 186,553 111,167 75,386
Stockholders’ equity 818,655 828,427 (9,772)
Total liabilities and stock-holders’ equity $ 7,102,635 $ 7,410,066 $ (307,431)
Net interest income and spread $ 115,666 3.38 % $ 96,992 2.88 % $ 18,674 0.50 %
Net interest margin 3.73 % 2.94 % 0.79 %

(1) Average balances are calculated using daily balances.

(2) Average loans receivable, net includes loans held for sale and loans classified as nonaccrual, which carry a zero yield. Interest earned on loans receivable, net includes the amortization of net deferred loan fees of $1.5 million and $5.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

(3) Yields on tax-exempt loans and securities have not been stated on a tax-equivalent basis.

The following table provides the changes in net interest income for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2022 due to changes in average asset and liability balances (volume), changes in average rates (rate) and changes attributable to the combined effect of volume and interest rates allocated proportionately to the absolute value of changes due to volume and changes due to interest rates:

Increase (Decrease) Due to Changes In:
Volume Yield/Rate Total % Change
(Dollars in thousands)
Interest Earning Assets:
Loans receivable, net $ 6,833 $ 15,325 $ 22,158 27.0 %
Taxable securities 7,864 7,957 15,821 116.2
Nontaxable securities (892) 245 (647) (36.9)

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Increase (Decrease) Due to Changes In:
Volume Yield/Rate Total % Change
(Dollars in thousands)
Interest earning deposits (5,290) 4,368 (922) (30.2)
Total interest income $ 8,515 $ 27,895 $ 36,410 36.3 %
Interest Bearing Liabilities:
Certificates of deposit $ 134 $ 2,911 $ 3,045 460.0 %
Savings accounts (21) 145 124 70.9
Interest bearing demand and money market accounts (185) 7,314 7,129 356.5
Total interest bearing deposits (72) 10,370 10,298 363.0
Junior subordinated debentures 6 542 548 126.6
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase (11) 57 46 71.9
Borrowings 6,844 — 6,844 100.0
Total interest expense $ 6,767 $ 10,969 $ 17,736 532.0 %
Net interest income $ 1,748 $ 16,926 $ 18,674 19.3 %

Net interest income increased $18.7 million, or 19.3%, to $115.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to $97.0 million for the same period in 2022 due primarily to an increase in total interest income offset partially by an increase in total interest expense.

Total interest income increased $36.4 million, or 36.3%, to $136.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, compared to $100.3 million for the same period in 2022. The increase was the result of a 137 basis point increase on the yield on interest earning assets to 4.41% for the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to 3.04% for the same period in 2022, due to an increase in market interest rates as well as change in the mix of total interest earning assets into higher yielding assets.

Total interest expense increased $17.7 million, or 532.0%, to $21.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $3.3 million for the same period in 2022 due primarily to a 56 basis point increase in cost of interest bearing deposits to 0.70% for the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to 0.14% for the same period in 2022, due to competitive rate pressures as well as the addition of interest expense on borrowings during the six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to no interest expense on borrowing during the same period in 2022.

Net interest margin increased 79 basis points to 3.73% for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to 2.94% for the same period in 2022. The increase in the net interest margin was due to a shift into higher yielding interest earning assets as well as higher average yields on all interest earning assets following increases in market interest rates offset partially by an increase in cost of interest bearing liabilities.

Provision for Credit Losses Overview

The aggregate of the provision for credit losses on loans and the provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments is presented on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income as the provision for (reversal of) credit losses. The ACL on unfunded commitments is included on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition within accrued expenses and other liabilities.

Comparison of quarter ended June 30, 2023 to the comparable quarter in the prior year

The following table presents the provision for (reversal of) credit losses for the periods indicated:

Three Months Ended<br>June 30, Change
2023 2022 %
(Dollars in thousands)
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses on loans $ 1,988 $ (649) 406.3 %
Reversal of credit losses on unfunded commitments (79) (555) 476 85.8
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses $ 1,909 $ (1,204) 258.6 %

All values are in US Dollars.

The provision for credit losses on loans reflects the amount required to maintain the ACL on loans at an appropriate level based upon management’s evaluation of the adequacy of collective and individual loss reserves. The provision for credit losses on loans increased during the three months ended June 30, 2023 due primarily to an increase in loans receivable as well as a change in mix of loans. Future assessments of the expected credit losses will not only be impacted by changes in the composition of and amount of loans and to the reasonable and supportable forecast, but will also include an updated assessment of qualitative factors, as well as consideration of any required changes in the reasonable and supportable forecast

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reversion period. The reversal of provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments recognized during the three months ended June 30, 2023 was due primarily to higher loan utilization rates.

The reversal of provision for credit losses on loans recognized during the three months ended June 30, 2022 was due primarily to a reduction of loans individually evaluated for losses and, as a result, their related ACL. The reversal of provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments recognized during the three months ended June 30, 2022 was due primarily to higher loan utilization rates.

Comparison of six months ended June 30, 2023 to the comparable period in the prior year

The following table presents the provision for credit losses for the periods indicated:

Six Months Ended<br>June 30,
2023 2022 Change Percentage Change
(Dollars in thousands)
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses on loans $ 3,701 $ (3,171) $ 6,872 (216.7) %
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses on unfunded commitments 33 (1,610) 1,643 (102.0)
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses $ 3,734 $ (4,781) $ 8,515 (178.1) %

The provision for credit losses recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2023 was due primarily to an increase in loans receivable as well as a change in mix of loans. The provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2023 was due primarily to an increase in unfunded loan commitments offset partially by higher loan utilization rates.

The reversal of provision for credit losses recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2022 was due primarily to a reduction of loans individually evaluated for losses and, as a result, their related ACL. The reversal of provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2022 was due primarily to higher loan utilization rates.

Noninterest Income Overview

Comparison of three months ended June 30, 2023 to the comparable period in the prior year

The following table presents the change in the key components of noninterest income for the periods indicated:

Three Months Ended<br>June 30, Change
2023 2022 %
(Dollars in thousands)
Service charges and other fees $ 2,682 $ 2,577 4.1 %
Card revenue 2,123 2,146 (23) (1.1)
Gain on sale of loans, net 101 219 (118) (53.9)
Interest rate swap fees 115 26 89 342.3
Bank owned life insurance income 837 764 73 9.6
Other income 1,423 1,284 139 10.8
Total noninterest income $ 7,281 $ 7,016 3.8 %

All values are in US Dollars.

Noninterest income increased $265,000, or 3.8%, during the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 due primarily to an increase service charges on deposit accounts and dividend income on FHLB stock included in other income offset partially by a decline in gain on sale of loans, net due to a decline in the volume of mortgage loans sold.

Comparison of six months ended June 30, 2023 to the comparable period in the prior year

The following table presents the change in the key components of noninterest income for the periods indicated:

Six Months Ended<br>June 30,
2023 2022 Change % Change
(Dollars in thousands)
Service charges and other fees $ 5,306 $ 5,051 $ 255 5.0 %
Card revenue 4,123 4,409 (286) (6.5)
Loss on sale of investment securities, net (286) — (286) (100.0)

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Six Months Ended<br>June 30,
2023 2022 Change % Change
Gain on sale of loans, net 150 460 (310) (67.4)
Interest rate swap fees 168 305 (137) (44.9)
Bank owned life insurance income 1,546 2,459 (913) (37.1)
Gain on sale of other assets, net 2 204 (202) (99.0)
Other income 4,530 2,666 1,864 69.9
Total noninterest income $ 15,539 $ 15,554 $ (15) (0.1) %

Noninterest income decreased $15,000, or 0.1%, during the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. Other income increased due primarily to a one-time $1.6 million gain on sale of Visa Inc. Class B common stock recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2023. Bank owned life insurance income decreased due primarily to a $1.0 million death benefit recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2022. Gain on sale of loans, net declined due primarily to a decrease in the volume of loans sold.

Noninterest Expense Overview

Comparison of three months ended June 30, 2023 to the comparable period in the prior year

The following table presents changes in the key components of noninterest expense for the periods indicated:

Three Months Ended<br>June 30, Change
2023 2022 %
(Dollars in thousands)
Compensation and employee benefits $ 24,781 $ 21,778 13.8 %
Occupancy and equipment 4,666 4,171 495 11.9
Data processing 4,500 4,185 315 7.5
Marketing 441 344 97 28.2
Professional services 751 529 222 42.0
State/municipal business and use tax 1,054 867 187 21.6
Federal deposit insurance premium 797 425 372 87.5
Amortization of intangible assets 623 704 (81) (11.5)
Other expense 3,712 2,704 1,008 37.3
Total noninterest expense $ 41,325 $ 35,707 15.7 %

All values are in US Dollars.

Noninterest expense increased $5.6 million, or 15.7%, during the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 due primarily to an increase in compensation and employee benefits resulting from an increase in the number of full-time equivalent employees including the addition of commercial and relationship banking teams in 2023 and an increase in salaries and wages due to annual salary increases. Occupancy and equipment expense increased due to the expansion into Eugene, Oregon and Boise, Idaho. Data processing costs increased due primarily to the expansion of digital services including the addition of the ability to open consumer deposit accounts online. Federal deposit insurance premiums increased due to the increase in the assessment rate starting in January 2023. Other expense increased due to an increase in customer deposit loss expense and employee related expenses which included additional expenses related to calling efforts for the newly added teams as well as a general increase in operating costs.

Comparison of six months ended June 30, 2023 to the comparable period in the prior year

The following table presents changes in the key components of noninterest expense for the periods indicated:

Six Months Ended<br>June 30,
2023 2022 Change % Change
(Dollars in thousands)
Compensation and employee benefits $ 50,317 $ 43,030 $ 7,287 16.9 %
Occupancy and equipment 9,558 8,502 1,056 12.4
Data processing 8,842 8,246 596 7.2
Marketing 843 610 233 38.2
Professional services 1,379 1,228 151 12.3

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Six Months Ended<br>June 30,
2023 2022 Change % Change
(Dollars in thousands)
State/municipal business and use tax 2,062 1,663 399 24.0
Federal deposit insurance premium 1,647 1,025 622 60.7
Amortization of intangible assets 1,246 1,408 (162) (11.5)
Other expense 7,036 5,715 1,321 23.1
Total noninterest expense $ 82,930 $ 71,427 $ 11,503 16.1 %

Noninterest expense increased $11.5 million, or 16.1%, during the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 due primarily to an increase in compensation and employee benefits resulting from a 6.0% increase in the number of full-time equivalent employees including the addition of commercial and relationship banking teams in 2023 and an increase in salaries and wages due to annual salary increases. Occupancy and equipment expense increased due to the expansion into Eugene, Oregon and Boise, Idaho. Data processing costs increased due primarily to the expansion of digital services including the addition of the ability to open consumer deposit accounts online. Federal deposit insurance premiums increased due to the increase in the assessment rate starting in January 2023. Other expense increased due to an increase in customer deposit loss expense and employee related expenses which included additional expenses related to calling efforts for the newly added teams as well as a general increase in operating costs.

Income Tax Expense Overview

Comparison of three months ended June 30, 2023 to the comparable period in the prior year

The following table presents the income tax expense, related metrics and their changes for the periods indicated:

Three Months Ended<br>June 30, Change
2023 2022 %
(Dollars in thousands)
Income before income taxes $ 19,871 $ 22,561 (11.9) %
Income tax expense $ 3,025 $ 3,977 (23.9) %
Effective income tax rate 15.2 % 17.6 % (2.4) % (13.6) %

All values are in US Dollars.

Income tax expense and the effective income tax rate both decreased due primarily to lower estimated pre-tax income which increased the impact of favorable permanent tax items such as tax-exempt investments, investments in bank owned life insurance and investments in low-income housing tax credits during the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022.

Comparison of six months ended June 30, 2023 to the comparable period in the prior year.

The following table presents the income tax expense and related metrics and the change for the periods indicated:

Six Months Ended<br>June 30,
2023 2022 Change % Change
(Dollars in thousands)
Income before income taxes $ 44,541 $ 45,900 $ (1,359) (3.0) %
Income tax expense $ 7,238 $ 7,559 $ (321) (4.2) %
Effective income tax rate 16.3 % 16.5 % (0.2) % (1.2) %

Income tax expense and the effective income rate both decreased slightly due primarily to lower estimated pre-tax income during the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022.

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Financial Condition Overview

The table below provides a comparison of the changes in the Company's financial condition at the periods indicated:

June 30,<br>2023 December 31, 2022 Change % Change
(Dollars in thousands)
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents $ 108,378 $ 103,590 4.6 %
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value, net 1,276,550 1,331,443 (54,893) (4.1)
Investment securities held to maturity, at amortized cost, net 754,276 766,396 (12,120) (1.6)
Loans held for sale 752 — 752 100.0
Loans receivable, net 4,204,936 4,007,872 197,064 4.9
Premises and equipment, net 79,401 76,930 2,471 3.2
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost 8,373 8,916 (543) (6.1)
Bank owned life insurance 122,905 122,059 846 0.7
Accrued interest receivable 18,969 18,547 422 2.3
Prepaid expenses and other assets 293,950 296,181 (2,231) (0.8)
Other intangible assets, net 5,981 7,227 (1,246) (17.2)
Goodwill 240,939 240,939 — —
Total assets $ 7,115,410 $ 6,980,100 1.9 %
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Deposits $ 5,579,657 $ 5,907,420 (5.5) %
Deposits held for sale 15,886 17,420 (1,534) (8.8)
Total deposits 5,595,543 5,924,840 (329,297) (5.6)
Borrowings 450,000 — 450,000 100.0
Junior subordinated debentures 21,619 21,473 146 0.7
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase 38,215 46,597 (8,382) (18.0)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities 190,300 189,297 1,003 0.5
Total liabilities 6,295,677 6,182,207 113,470 1.8
Common stock 550,103 552,397 (2,294) (0.4)
Retained earnings 367,085 345,346 21,739 6.3
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net (97,455) (99,850) 2,395 2.4
Total stockholders' equity 819,733 797,893 21,840 2.7
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 7,115,410 $ 6,980,100 1.9 %

All values are in US Dollars.

Total assets increased due primarily to an increase in loans receivable, net due to loan growth, offset partially by a decrease in investment securities. Total liabilities and stockholders' equity increased due primarily to an increase in borrowings and retained earnings, offset partially by a decrease in deposits.

Investment Activities Overview

Our investment policy is established by the Company's Board of Directors and monitored by the Risk Committee of the Board of Directors. It is designed primarily to provide and maintain liquidity, generate a favorable return on investments without incurring undue interest rate and credit risk, and complements the Company's lending activities. The policy permits investment in various types of liquid assets permissible under applicable regulations. Investments in non-investment grade bonds and stripped mortgage-backed securities are not permitted under the policy.

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The following table provides information regarding our investment securities at the dates indicated:

June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Change
Balance % of<br>Total Balance % of<br>Total %
(Dollars in thousands)
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value:
U.S. government and agency securities $ 64,259 3.2 % $ 63,859 3.0 % 0.6 %
Municipal securities 130,015 6.4 153,026 7.3 (23,011) (15.0)
Residential CMO and MBS(1) 410,972 20.2 424,386 20.2 (13,414) (3.2)
Commercial CMO and MBS(1) 648,341 32.0 664,421 31.8 (16,080) (2.4)
Corporate obligations 3,774 0.2 3,834 0.2 (60) (1.6)
Other asset-backed securities 19,189 0.9 21,917 1.0 (2,728) (12.4)
Total $ 1,276,550 62.9 % $ 1,331,443 63.5 % (4.1) %
Investment securities held to maturity, at amortized cost:
U.S. government and agency securities $ 151,005 7.4 % $ 150,936 7.2 % 0.05 %
Residential CMO and MBS(1) 280,032 13.8 290,318 13.8 (10,286) (3.5)
Commercial CMO and MBS(1) 323,239 15.9 325,142 15.5 (1,903) (0.6)
Total $ 754,276 37.1 % $ 766,396 36.5 % (1.6) %
Total investment securities $ 2,030,826 100.0 % $ 2,097,839 100.0 % (3.2) %

All values are in US Dollars.

(1) U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations.

Total investment securities decreased $67.0 million, or 3.2%, to $2.03 billion at June 30, 2023 from $2.10 billion at December 31, 2022 due primarily to maturities and prepayments of $61.4 million and sales of $22.7 million, partially offset by purchases of $15.0 million.

Loan Portfolio Overview

Changes by loan type

The Company originates a wide variety of loans with a focus on commercial business loans. In addition to originating loans, the Company may also acquire loans through pool purchases, participation purchases and syndicated loan purchases. The following table provides information about our loan portfolio by type of loan at the dates indicated:

June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Change
Amortized Cost % of Loans Receivable Amortized Cost % of Loans Receivable %
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 708,021 16.7 % $ 692,100 17.1 % 2.3 %
SBA PPP 567 — 1,468 — (901) (61.4)
Owner-occupied CRE 958,912 22.6 937,040 23.1 21,872 2.3
Non-owner occupied CRE 1,644,490 38.6 1,586,632 39.2 57,858 3.6
Total commercial business 3,311,990 77.9 3,217,240 79.4 94,750 2.9
Residential real estate 375,659 8.8 343,631 8.5 32,028 9.3
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential 78,660 1.9 80,074 2.0 (1,414) (1.8)
Commercial and multifamily 307,041 7.2 214,038 5.3 93,003 43.5
Total real estate construction and land development 385,701 9.1 294,112 7.3 91,589 31.1
Consumer 177,994 4.2 195,875 4.8 (17,881) (9.1)
Total $ 4,251,344 100.0 % $ 4,050,858 100.0 % 4.9 %

All values are in US Dollars.

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Loans receivable increased $200.5 million, or 4.9%, to $4.25 billion at June 30, 2023 from $4.05 billion at December 31, 2022 primarily due to new loan growth. New loans funded during the six months ended June 30, 2023 were $271.7 million. The largest increase in the loan portfolio occurred in commercial and multifamily construction loans, which increased $93.0 million or 43.5% due to new loan originations and advances on outstanding loans. New commitments for commercial and multifamily construction loans were $134.8 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023.

Owner-occupied CRE and non-owner occupied CRE loans increased by $79.7 million to $2.60 billion at June 30, 2023, compared to $2.52 billion at December 31, 2022. The following table provides information about our owner occupied CRE and non-owner occupied CRE loans by collateral type at the dates indicated:

June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Change
Amortized Cost % of CRE Loans Amortized Cost % of CRE Loans $ %
(Dollars in thousands)
Owner occupied and non-owner occupied CRE loans by collateral type:
Office 569,183 21.9 % 579,762 22.9 % (10,579) (1.8) %
Industrial 411,842 15.9 % 366,947 14.6 % 44,895 12.2 %
Retail store / shopping center 295,187 11.3 % 291,799 11.6 % 3,388 1.2 %
Multi-family 258,574 9.9 % 256,661 10.2 % 1,913 0.7 %
Mixed use property 151,100 5.8 % 154,793 6.1 % (3,693) (2.4) %
Motel / hotel 141,000 5.4 % 129,352 5.1 % 11,648 9.0 %
Single purpose 111,813 4.3 % 112,924 4.5 % (1,111) (1.0) %
Warehouse 157,925 6.1 % 147,443 5.8 % 10,482 7.1 %
Mini-storage 159,626 6.1 % 148,580 5.9 % 11,046 7.4 %
Recreational / school 67,934 2.6 % 70,565 2.8 % (2,631) (3.7) %
Other 279,218 10.7 % 264,846 10.5 % 14,372 5.4 %
Total $ 2,603,402 100.0 % $ 2,523,672 100.0 % 79,730 3.2 %

Office loans were the largest segment of owner-occupied and non-owner occupied CRE loans at $569.2 million, representing 21.9% of the total owner-occupied CRE and non-owner occupied CRE, at June 30, 2023. Of this total, $283.7 million, or 49.8%, were owner-occupied CRE loans. Owner-occupied CRE loans have a lower risk profile as there is less tenant rollover risk and generally have guarantees from the company occupying the space as well as the owners of the company. The average loan balance of owner-occupied CRE and non-owner occupied CRE was $1.1 million at June 30, 2023.

Loans classified as nonaccrual and performing modified loans and nonperforming assets

The following table provides information about our nonaccrual loans, performing modified loans and nonperforming assets for the dates indicated:

June 30,<br>2023 December 31, 2022 Change % Change
(Dollars in thousands)
Nonaccrual loans: (1)
Commercial business $ 4,630 $ 5,869 $ (1,239) (21.1) %
Real estate construction and land development — 37 (37) (100.0)
Total nonaccrual loans 4,630 5,906 (1,276) (21.6)
Other real estate owned — — — n/a
Total nonperforming assets $ 4,630 $ 5,906 $ (1,276) (21.6) %
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more $ 2,274 $ 1,615 $ 659 40.8 %
Credit quality ratios:
Nonaccrual loans to loans receivable 0.11 % 0.15 % (0.04) % (26.7) %
Nonaccrual loans to total assets 0.07 0.08 (0.01) (12.5)

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June 30,<br>2023 December 31, 2022 Change % Change
(Dollars in thousands)
Modified loans: (2)
Commercial business $ 5,899
Consumer 29
Total performing modified loans $ 8,912

(1) At June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, $1.3 million and $1.5 million of nonaccrual loans, respectively, were guaranteed by government agencies.

2) The Company adopted ASU 2022-02 on a prospective basis January 1, 2023.

The following table provides the changes in nonaccrual loans during the six months ended June 30, 2023:

(In thousands)
Balance, beginning of period $ 5,906
Additions 468
Net principal payments, sales and transfers to accruing status (1,094)
Payoffs (650)
Charge-offs —
Balance, end of period $ 4,630

Nonaccrual loans decreased $1.3 million, or 21.6%, due primarily to ongoing collection efforts.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans Overview

The following table provides information regarding our ACL on loans for the periods indicated:

At or For the Six Months Ended June 30, Change
2023 2022 %
(Dollars in thousands)
ACL on loans at the end of period $ 46,408 $ 39,696 16.9 %
Credit quality ratios:
ACL on loans to loans receivable 1.09 % 1.02 % 0.07 6.9
ACL on loans to nonaccrual loans 1002.33 378.96 623.37 164.5
Net recoveries (charge-offs) $ 279 $ (506) (155.1)
Average balance of loans receivable, net during the period(1) 4,092,769 3,792,792 299,977 7.9
Net charge-offs (recoveries) on loans to average loans receivable, net(2) 0.01 % (0.03) % 0.04 % 133.3 %

All values are in US Dollars.

(1) Average balance of loans receivable, net includes loans held for sale.

(2) Annualized.

The ACL on loans increased $3.4 million, or 8.0%, to $46.4 million at June 30, 2023 from $43.0 million at December 31, 2022 due primarily to an increase in loans receivable, net as well as a change in mix of loans.

The following table presents the ACL on loans by loan portfolio segment at the indicated dates:

June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
ACL on Loans ACL as a % of Loans in Loan Category % of Loans in Loan Category to<br>Total Loans ACL on Loans ACL as a % of Loans in Loan Category % of Loans in Loan Category to<br>Total Loans
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business $ 31,273 0.94 % 77.9 % $ 30,718 0.95 % 79.4 %
Residential real estate 2,865 0.76 8.8 2,872 0.84 8.5
Real estate construction and land development 9,685 2.51 9.1 7,063 2.40 7.3

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June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
ACL on Loans ACL as a % of Loans in Loan Category % of Loans in Loan Category to<br>Total Loans ACL on Loans ACL as a % of Loans in Loan Category % of Loans in Loan Category to<br>Total Loans
(Dollars in thousands)
Consumer 2,585 1.45 4.2 2,333 1.19 4.8
Total ACL on loans $ 46,408 1.09 % 100.0 % $ 42,986 1.06 % 100.0 %

Deposits Overview

The following table summarizes the Company's deposits at the dates indicated:

June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Change
Balance (1) % of Total Deposits Balance % of Total Deposits %
(Dollars in thousands)
Noninterest demand deposits $ 1,857,492 33.2 % $ 2,099,464 35.5 % (11.5) %
Interest bearing demand deposits 1,618,539 28.9 1,830,727 30.9 (212,188) (11.6)
Money market accounts 1,143,284 20.4 1,063,243 17.9 80,041 7.5
Savings accounts 535,065 9.6 623,833 10.5 (88,768) (14.2)
Total non-maturity deposits 5,154,380 92.1 5,617,267 94.8 (462,887) (8.2)
Certificates of deposit 441,163 7.9 307,573 5.2 133,590 43.4
Total deposits $ 5,595,543 100.0 % $ 5,924,840 100.0 % (5.6) %

All values are in US Dollars.

(1) Deposit balances include deposits held for sale of $15.9 million and $17.4 million at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Total deposits decreased $329.3 million, or 5.6%, to $5.60 billion at June 30, 2023, compared to $5.92 billion due primarily to an overall reduction in market liquidity, as well as interest rate sensitive clients moving a portion of their non-operating deposits. Money market accounts increased $80.0 million due to an increase in public deposits. Certificate of deposits increased due to increasing rates which, attracted customers to this deposit type as well as the addition of $44.7 million in brokered deposits.

The Bank entered into a purchase and sale agreement with a third party to sell and transfer certain assets, deposits and other liabilities of its branch in Ellensburg, WA during the three months ended September 30, 2022. As a result of entering into this purchase and sale agreement, approximately $15.9 million and $17.4 million in deposits were classified as held for sale as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The sale is expected to be completed during the three months ended September 30, 2023.

Borrowings Overview

The FHLB functions as a member-owned cooperative providing credit for member financial institutions. Advances are made pursuant to several different programs. Each credit program has its own interest rate and range of maturities. Limitations on the amount of advances are based on a percentage of the Bank's assets or on the FHLB’s assessment of the institution’s creditworthiness. At June 30, 2023, the Bank maintained a credit facility with the FHLB with available borrowing capacity of $1.22 billion. The Bank had no FHLB advances outstanding at both June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Advances from the FHLB may be collateralized by FHLB stock owned by the Bank, deposits at the FHLB, certain commercial and residential real estate loans, investment securities or other assets.

The Bank maintains a credit facility with the FRB through both the Discount Window and BTFP with available borrowing capacity of $859.7 million as of June 30, 2023. The Bank had $450.0 million in BTFP borrowings outstanding at June 30, 2023. During the three months ended June 30, 2023, the Company transferred all borrowings to the BTFP due to advantageous terms and conditions. The BTFP offers loans of up to one year in length to institutions pledging eligible investment securities. The advance rate on the collateral is at par value. The average rate on borrowings from the BTFP was 4.72% as compared to an average rate of 5.15% for FHLB borrowings during the three months ended June 30, 2023. The Bank had no FRB borrowings outstanding at December 31, 2022. All advances are secured by investment securities.

The Company utilizes securities sold under agreement to repurchase with one day maturities as a supplement to funding sources. Securities sold under agreement to repurchase are secured by pledged investment securities. Under the securities sold under agreement to repurchase, the Company is required to maintain an aggregate market value of securities pledged greater than the balance of the securities sold under agreement to repurchase. At June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had securities sold under agreements to repurchase of $38.2 million and $46.6 million, respectively.

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In addition to funds obtained in the ordinary course of business, the Company assumed trust preferred securities and junior subordinated debentures as part of a prior acquisition. For regulatory capital purposes, the trust preferred securities are included in Tier 2 capital. The junior subordinated debentures outstanding as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were $21.6 million and $21.5 million, respectively, net of unaccreted discount.

The Bank maintains available unsecured federal funds lines with five correspondent banks totaling $145.0 million, with no outstanding borrowings at June 30, 2023.

Stockholders' Equity Overview

The Company’s stockholders' equity to assets ratio was 11.5% and 11.4% at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Total stockholders' equity increased $21.8 million, or 2.7%, to $819.7 million at June 30, 2023 from $797.9 million at December 31, 2022. The increase was due primarily to $37.3 million in net income recognized, offset partially by $15.6 million in cash dividends declared and $4.4 million for the repurchase of the Company's common stock during the six months ended June 30, 2023.

The Company has historically paid cash dividends to its common shareholders. Payments of future cash dividends, if any, will be at the discretion of our board of directors after taking into account various factors, including our business, operating results and financial condition, capital requirements, current and anticipated cash needs, plans for expansion, any legal or contractual limitation on our ability to pay dividends and other relevant factors. Dividends on common stock from the Company depend substantially upon receipt of dividends from the Bank, which is the Company’s predominant source of income. On July 19, 2023, the Company’s board of directors declared a regular quarterly dividend of $0.22 per common share payable on August 16, 2023 to shareholders of record on August 2, 2023.

Regulatory Requirements Overview

The Company is a bank holding company under the supervision of the Federal Reserve Bank. Bank holding companies are subject to capital adequacy requirements of the Federal Reserve under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, and the regulations of the Federal Reserve. The Bank is a federally insured institution and thereby is subject to the capital requirements established by the FDIC. The Federal Reserve capital requirements generally parallel the FDIC requirements. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary, actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Additionally, the Company and the Bank are required to maintain a capital conservation buffer of common equity Tier 1 capital above 2.5% to avoid restrictions on certain activities including payment of dividends, stock repurchases and discretionary bonuses to executive officers. Management believes that as of June 30, 2023, the Company and the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject.

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the most recent regulatory notifications categorized the Bank as well-capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed the Bank's categories. The following table presents the actual capital ratios of the Company and the Bank at the periods indicated:

Company Bank
June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
Common equity Tier 1 capital ratio 12.8 % 12.8 % 12.8 % 12.9 %
Leverage ratio 9.9 9.7 9.6 9.4
Tier 1 capital ratio 13.2 13.2 12.8 12.9
Total capital ratio 14.1 14.0 13.7 13.7
Capital conservation buffer 6.1 6.0 5.7 5.7

As of both June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the capital measures reflect the revised CECL capital transition provisions adopted by the Federal Reserve and the FDIC that allowed the Bank the option to delay for two years until December 31, 2021 an estimate of CECL’s effect on regulatory capital, relative to the incurred loss methodology’s effect on regulatory capital, followed by a three-year transition period.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We maintain sufficient cash and cash equivalents and investment securities to meet short-term liquidity needs and actively monitor our long-term liquidity position to ensure the availability of capital resources for contractual obligations, strategic loan growth objectives and to fund operations. Our funding strategy has been to acquire non-maturity deposits from our retail accounts, and noninterest bearing demand deposits from our commercial customers and to use our borrowing availability to fund growth in assets. Our liquidity policy permits the purchase of brokered deposits in an amount not to exceed 15% of the Bank's total deposits as a secondary source for funding. At June 30, 2023, we had $44.7 million in brokered deposits, which constituted 0.80% of total deposits. Borrowings may be used on a short-term basis to compensate for reductions in other sources of funds (such as deposit inflows at less than projected levels). Borrowings may also be used on a longer-term basis to support expanded

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lending activities and match the maturity of repricing intervals of assets. While maturities and scheduled amortization of loans are a predictable source of funds, deposit flows and loan prepayments are greatly influenced by the level of interest rates, economic conditions and competition so we adhere to internal management targets assigned to the loan to deposit ratio, liquidity ratio, net short-term non-core funding ratio and non-core liabilities to total assets ratio to ensure an appropriate liquidity position. The Company regularly monitors liquidity, models liquidity stress scenarios to ensure that adequate liquidity is available, and has contingency funding plans in place, which are reviewed and tested on a regular, recurring basis.

The following table summarizes the Company's available liquidity as of the dates indicated:

June 30,<br>2023 December 31,<br>2022
(Dollars in thousands)
FRB borrowing availability 859,730 $ 46,827
FHLB borrowing availability(1) 1,216,990 $ 1,226,234
Unencumbered investment securities available for sale(2) 872,109 $ 1,323,947
Cash and cash equivalents 108,378 103,590
Fed funds line borrowing availability with correspondent banks 145,000 215,000
Total sources of liquidity 3,202,207 2,915,598
Less: Borrowings outstanding (450,000) —
Total liquidity $ 2,752,207 $ 2,915,598

(1) Includes FHLB borrowing availability of $1.22 billion at June 30, 2023 based on pledged assets, however, maximum credit capacity is 45% of the Bank's total assets one quarter in arrears or $3.10 billion.

(2) Investment securities available for sale at fair value.

Management believes the capital sources are adequate to meet all reasonably foreseeable short-term and long-term cash requirements and there has not been a material change in our capital resources since the information disclosed in our 2022 Annual Form 10-K. We are not aware of any reasonably likely material changes in the mix and relative cost of such resources.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Our critical accounting estimates are described in detail in the "Critical Accounting Estimates" section within Item 7 of our 2022 Annual Form the Form 10-K. The SEC defines "critical accounting estimates" as those that require application of management's most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and may change in future periods. The Company's critical accounting estimates include estimates of the ACL on loans, the ACL on unfunded commitments and goodwill. There have been no material changes in these estimates during the six months ended June 30, 2023.

ITEM 3.     QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market risk represents the risk of loss due to changes in market values of assets and liabilities. We incur market risk in the normal course of business through our exposure to market interest rates, equity prices and credit spreads. Our primary market risk is interest rate risk, which is the risk of loss of net interest income or net interest margin resulting from changes in market interest rates. Interest rate risk results primarily from the traditional banking activities in which the Bank engages, such as gathering deposits and extending loans. Many factors, including economic and financial conditions, movements in interest rates and consumer preferences, affect the difference between the interest earned on our assets and the interest paid on our liabilities. Management regularly reviews our exposure to changes in interest rates. Among the factors considered are changes in the mix of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities, interest rate spreads and repricing periods. The risk committee of the Board of Directors oversees market risk management, including the monitoring of risk measures and limits and policy guidelines, for the amount of interest rate risk and its effect on net interest income and capital.

Neither we, nor the Bank, maintain a trading account for any class of financial instrument, nor do we, or the Bank, engage in hedging activities or purchase high risk derivative instruments. Moreover, neither we, nor the Bank, are subject to foreign currency exchange rate risk or commodity price risk.

Net interest income simulation

An income simulation model is the primary tool we use to assess the direction and magnitude of changes in net interest income resulting from changes in interest rates. Modeling the sensitivity of net interest income is highly dependent on numerous assumptions incorporated into the modeling process. Key assumptions in the model include prepayment speeds on loans and investment securities, repricing betas on non-maturity deposits, and pricing on investment securities, loans, and borrowings. In order to measure the interest rate risk sensitivity, this simulation model uses a “no balance sheet growth” assumption and assumes an instantaneous and sustained uniform change in market interest rates at all maturities. These assumptions are inherently uncertain and, as a result, the net interest income projections should be viewed as an estimate of the net interest income sensitivity at the time of the analysis. Actual results will differ from simulated results due to timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes and changes in market conditions and management strategies, among other factors.

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Based on the results of the simulation model, the following table presents the change in our net interest income as a result of parallel rate shock scenarios for the presented periods after the dates shown:

June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
Amount % Change in Net Interest Income Amount % Change in Net Interest Income
(Dollars in thousands)
Modeled increase in market interest rates of 100 basis points
Increase in net interest income in Year 1 $ 3,489 1.5 % $ 5,113 2.0 %
Increase in net interest income in Year 2 4,281 1.7 11,147 4.1
Modeled increase in market interest rates of 200 basis points
Increase in net interest income in Year 1 5,227 2.3 8,181 3.2
Increase in net interest income in Year 2 6,896 2.8 19,889 7.3
Modeled decrease in market interest rates of 100 basis points
Increase (decrease) in net interest income in Year 1 3,970 1.7 (5,433) (2.1)
Decrease in net interest income in Year 2 (1,297) (0.5) (10,534) (3.9)
Modeled decrease in market interest rates of 200 basis points
Increase (decrease) in net interest income in Year 1 2,285 1.0 (16,840) (6.6)
Decrease in net interest income in Year 2 $ (8,649) (3.5) % $ (29,942) (11.0) %

These scenarios are based on market interest rates as of the last day of a reporting period published by independent sources that are actively traded in the open market. The simulations used to manage market risk are based on numerous assumptions regarding the effect of changes in interest rates on the timing and extent of reprice characteristics, future cash flows and customer behavior. These assumptions are inherently uncertain and actual results will differ, as a result, the model cannot precisely estimate net interest income or precisely predict the impact of higher or lower net interest income.

ITEM 4.     CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

An evaluation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Section 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Act”)) was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and the Company’s Disclosure Committee as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report. Based on their evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2023 were effective in ensuring that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Act was (i) accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management (including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer) in a timely manner, and (ii) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

(b) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Act) that occurred during the three months ended June 30, 2023, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II.    OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.     LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Neither the Company nor the Bank is a party to any material pending legal proceedings other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to the business of the Bank.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes to the risk factors set forth in Item 1A of the Company’s 2022 Annual Form 10-K.

ITEM 2.     UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

(a) Not applicable.

(b) Not applicable.

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(c) Repurchase Plans

The following table provides information about repurchases of common stock by the Company during the three months ended June 30, 2023:

Period Total Number<br><br>of Shares<br><br>Purchased (1) Average Price<br><br>Paid Per<br><br>Share (1) Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs Maximum number of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs (2)
April 1, 2023—April 30, 2023 69,223 $ 18.25 10,144,441 480,636
May 1, 2023— May 31, 2023 24,727 16.51 10,169,168 455,909
June 1, 2023—June 30, 2023 4,508 17.60 10,169,168 455,909
Total 98,458 $ 17.78

(1)Of the common shares repurchased by the Company between April 1, 2023 and June 30, 2023, a total of 4,508 shares represented the cancellation of stock to pay withholding taxes on vested restricted stock units and were not repurchased pursuant to the publicly announced stock repurchase program.

(2)On March 12, 2020 the Company's Board of Directors announced the repurchase of up to 5% of the Company's outstanding common shares, or 1,799,054 shares, under the twelfth stock repurchase plan. The repurchase program does not have a set expiration date and will expire upon repurchase of the full amount of authorized shares, unless terminated sooner by the board of directors. The repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time by the Company’s board of directors.

ITEM 3.     DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None

ITEM 4.     MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable

ITEM 5.    OTHER INFORMATION

A.None

B.None

C.None. During the three months ended June 30, 2023, there were no Rule 10b5‑1 trading arrangements (as defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K) or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements (as defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K) adopted or terminated by any director or officer (as defined in Rule 16a‑1(f) under the Exchange Act) of the Company.

ITEM 6.     EXHIBITS

Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit No. Description of Exhibit Form Exhibit Filing Date/Period End Date
10.1* Heritage Financial Corporation 2023 Omnibus Equity Plan DEF 14A 4.4 03/22/2023
10.2* Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the Heritage Financial Corporation 2023 Omnibus Equity Plan S-8 4.5 05/8/2023
10.3* Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the Heritage Financial Corporation 2023 Omnibus Equity Plan S-8 4.6 05/8/2023
31.1 Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (1)
31.2 Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (1)
32.1 Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (1)
101.INS XBRL Instance Document (1)
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document (1)
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document (1)
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document (1)
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document (1)

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Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit No. Description of Exhibit Form Exhibit Filing Date/Period End Date
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document (1)
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

*Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

(1) Filed herewith.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

HERITAGE FINANCIAL CORPORATION
Date:
August 4, 2023 /S/ JEFFREY J. DEUEL
Jeffrey J. Deuel
President and Chief Executive Officer
Date:
August 4, 2023 /S/ DONALD J. HINSON
Donald J. Hinson
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

52

Document

EXHIBIT 31.1

Certification of Principal Executive Officer

I, Jeffrey J. Deuel, certify that:

1.    I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Heritage Financial Corporation;

2.    Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.    Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of and for the periods presented in this report;

4.    The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.    designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b.    designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c.    evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d.    disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.    The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a.    all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b.    any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

August 4, 2023

/s/ Jeffrey J. Deuel
Jeffrey J. Deuel
Chief Executive Officer<br>Principal Executive Officer

Document

EXHIBIT 31.2

Certification of Principal Financial Officer

I, Donald J. Hinson, certify that:

1.    I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Heritage Financial Corporation;

2.    Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.    Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of and for the periods presented in this report;

4.    The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.    designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b.    designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c.    evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d.    disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.    The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a.    all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b.    any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

August 4, 2023

/s/ Donald J. Hinson
Donald J. Hinson
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer<br>Principal Financial and Accounting Officer

Document

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the quarterly report of Heritage Financial Corporation (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), we, Jeffrey J. Deuel, Chief Executive Officer, and Donald J. Hinson, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify in our capacity as officers of the Company, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company as of the dates and for the periods presented in the financial statements included in such Report.

August 4, 2023 /s/ Jeffrey J. Deuel
Jeffrey J. Deuel
Chief Executive Officer<br>Principal Executive Officer
August 4, 2023 /s/ Donald J. Hinson
Donald J. Hinson
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer<br>Principal Financial and Accounting Officer

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