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6-K

Korea Electric Power Corp (KEP)

6-K 2025-12-18 For: 2025-12-18
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Added on April 11, 2026
Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 6-K

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER

Pursuant to Rule 13a-16 or 15d-16

under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the Month of December 2025

Commission File Number 001-13372

KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION

(Translation of registrant’s name into English)

55 Jeollyeok-ro, Naju-si,Jeollanam-do, 58322, Korea

(Address of principal executive offices)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

Form 20-F ☒    Form 40-F ☐

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QUARTERLY BUSINESS REPORT

(For the period from January 1, 2025 to September 30, 2025)

THIS IS A SUMMARY IN ENGLISH OF THE QUARTERLY BUSINESS REPORT ORIGINALLY PREPARED IN KOREAN AND IS IN SUCH FORM AS REQUIRED BY THE FINANCIAL SERVICES COMMISSION OF KOREA.

IN THE TRANSLATION PROCESS, SOME PARTS OF THE REPORT WERE REFORMATTED, REARRANGED OR SUMMARIZED FOR THE CONVENIENCE OF READERS. NON-MATERIAL OR PREVIOUSLY DISCLOSED INFORMATION IS OMITTED OR ABRIDGED.

UNLESS EXPRESSLY STATED OTHERWISE, ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS PRESENTED ON A CONSOLIDATED BASIS IN ACCORDANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS ADOPTED FOR USE IN KOREA, OR K-IFRS, WHICH DIFFER IN CERTAIN RESPECTS FROM GENERALLY ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES IN CERTAIN OTHER COUNTRIES, INCLUDING THE UNITED STATES. WE HAVE MADE NO ATTEMPT TO IDENTIFY OR QUANTIFY THE IMPACT OF THESE DIFFERENCES.

Table of Contents
I. Company Overview
1. Name of the company: Korea Electric Power Corporation (“KEPCO”)
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2. Information of the company
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(Address) 55 Jeollyeok-ro, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do, 58322, Korea

(Phone number) 82-61-345-4218

(Website) http://www.kepco.co.kr

3. Major businesses

KEPCO, as the parent company, is engaged in the following activities:

development of electric power resources;
generation, transmission, transformation and distribution of electricity and other related activities;<br>
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research and development of technology related to the businesses mentioned above;
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overseas business related to the businesses mentioned above;
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investment or contributions related to the businesses mentioned above;
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development and operation of certain real estate holdings; and
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other businesses entrusted by the government.
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Businesses operated by KEPCO’s major subsidiaries are as follows: nuclear power generation by Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power (KHNP), thermal power generation by Korea South-East Power (KOSEP), Korea Midland Power (KOMIPO), Korea Western Power (KOWEPO), Korea Southern Power (KOSPO) and Korea East-West Power (EWP), other businesses including engineering service by KEPCO Engineering & Construction (KEPCO E&C), maintenance and repair of power plants by KEPCO Plant Service & Engineering (KEPCO KPS), ICT service by KEPCO KDN, nuclear fuel processing by KEPCO Nuclear Fuel (KEPCO NF), other overseas businesses and investments related to the businesses mentioned above.

4. Consolidated subsidiaries
(As of September 30, 2025)
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Listed Unlisted Total
2 168 170
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5. Major changes in management
A. On January 6, 2025, Mr. An, Jung-Eun was appointed as a<br>standing director for a term of two years.
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B. On March 3, 2025, Mr. Lee, Jun-Ho, standing director,<br>resigned from all his positions.
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C. On March 31, 2025, a non-standing director Mr. Park, Chung-Kun’s term of office expired.
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D. On May 7, 2025, Mr. Lee, Heung-Ryeol was appointed as a<br>non-standing director for a term of two years in replacement of Mr. Park, Chung-Kun whose term of office expired.
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E. On May 19, Mr. Seo Geun-Bae, standing director, resigned from<br>all his positions.
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F. On May 28, Mr. Jung, Chi-Gyo was appointed as a standing member for a term of two years.<br>
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6. Changes in major shareholders
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There is no change in major shareholders in the last 5 years.

7. Information regarding KEPCO shares
A. Issued share capital: 3.2 trillion Won (Authorized capital: 6 trillion Won)
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B. Total number of issued shares: 641,964,077
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(Total number of authorized shares for issuance: 1,200,000,000)
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C. Dividends: Dividend payments for fiscal year 2024 was Won 213 per share and Won 136.7 billion as a total.<br>
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II. Business Overview
1. Consolidated financial results by segment for a nine-month period ended September 30, 2024 and 2025<br>
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(In billions of Won)

January to September 2024 January to September 2025
Sales Operating<br>profit Sales Operating<br>profit
Electricity sales 68,664 395 72,468 5,536
Nuclear generation 10,205 1,794 11,847 3,186
Thermal generation 25,161 3,337 22,315 2,661
Plant maintenance & engineering service 2,353 306 2,370 220
Others^(1)^ 1,600 114 1,664 117
Subtotal 107,983 5,946 110,664 11,720
Adjustment for related- party transactions -38,113 -1 -36,918 -179
Total 69,870 5,945 73,746 11,541

Note:

(1) Others relate to business areas including overseas businesses, etc..
2. Changes in unit prices of major products for a nine-month period ended September 30, 2024 and 2025<br>
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(In Won per kWh)
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Business sector Company January to September<br>2024 January to September2025
Electricity sold Residential KEPCO 158.14 160.49
Commercial 173.42 173.05
Educational 143.62 143.79
Industrial 164.91 181.48
Agricultural 81.87 88.27
Street lighting 161.64 162.38
Overnight usage 107.86 107.94
Electricity from nuclear generation Nuclear<br><br><br>Generation KHNP 73.20 82.92
Electricity from thermal generation Thermal generation KOSEP 143.34 139.00
KOMIPO 159.50 157.40
KOWEPO 168.03 152.92
KOSPO 175.21 167.08
EWP 158.71 155.18
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3. Power purchase from generation subsidiaries for a nine-month period ended September 30, 2025<br>
Company Volume<br>(GWh) Expense<br>(In billions of Won)
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KHNP 139,633 11,591
KOSEP 28,898 4,014
KOMIPO 27,042 4,253
KOWEPO 25,838 3,950
KOSPO 27,512 4,591
EWP 23,631 3,667
Others 162,621 23,854
Closing adjustment 3,653
Total 435,175 59,573
4. Intellectual property as of September 30, 2025
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Patents Utility models Designs Trademarks Total
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KEPCO 5,165 28 111 59 5,363
Generation subsidiaries 4,301 41 93 262 4,697
Total **** 9,466 **** 69 **** 204 **** 321 **** 10,060
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III. Financial Information
1. Condensed consolidated financial results as of and for a nine-month period ended September 30, 2024 and 2025<br>
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(In billions of Won)

Consolidated statements of<br><br><br>comprehensive income Consolidated statements of<br><br><br>financial position
January toSeptember 2024 January toSeptember 2025 Change December 31,2024 September 30,2025 Change
Sales 69,870 73,747 3,877 Total assets 246,808 253,092 6,284
Operating profit (loss) 5,946 11,541 5,595 Total liabilities 205,445 205,340 -105
Net income (loss) 2,590 7,328 4,738 Total equity 41,363 47,751 6,388
2. Condensed separate financial results as of and for a nine-month period ended September 30, 2024 and 2025<br>
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(In billions of Won)

Separate statements of<br><br><br>comprehensive income Separate statements of<br><br><br>financial position
January toSeptember 2024 January toSeptember 2025 Change December 31,2024 September 30,2025 Change
Sales 68,664 72,468 3,804 Total assets 139,472 142,772 3,300
Operating profit (loss) 395 5,536 5,141 Total liabilities 120,083 118,583 -1,500
Net income (loss) -831 4,903 5,734 Total equity 19,389 24,189 4,800
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IV. Board of Directors (KEPCO on a separate basis)

  1. The board of directors is required to consist of not more than 15 directors including the president. Under our Articles of Incorporation, there may not be more than seven standing directors including the president, and more than eight non-standing directors. The number of non-standing directors must exceed the number of standing directors, including our president.
* Subcommittees under the board of directors: The Audit Committee consists of one standing director and two non-standing directors. All such members of the audit committee are independent within the meaning of the Korea Exchange listing standards, the regulations promulgated under the Korean Commercial Act and the New<br>York Stock Exchange listing standards. The ESG Committee consists of three non-standing directors and one standing director. The Power System Committee consists of three<br>non-standing directors and one standing director.
  1. Board meetings and agenda for a six-month period ended September 30, 2025
Number of meetings Number of agendas Classification
Resolutions Reports
11 33 26 7
* The audit committee held 10 meetings with 49 agenda (of which, 27 were approved as proposed and 22 were<br>accepted as reported).
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3. Major activities of the Board of Directors for a nine-month period ended September 30, 2025<br>
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Date Agenda Results Type
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January 23, 2025 Approval of forming Director Nomination Committee and evaluation standards for the candidates of a<br>non-standing director (labor director) Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
Approval of the revised relocation plan for the Gyeonggi Materials Management Center Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
Approval of the safety management plan of 2025 Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
Report on the annual management of commercial papers in 2024 Accepted as<br>reported Report
Report on the headquarters organizational enhancement plan Accepted as<br>reported Report
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February 28, 2025 Approval of forming Director Nomination Committee and evaluation standards for the candidates of a<br>non-standing director Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
Approval to call for the annual general meeting of shareholders for the fiscal year 2024 Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
Approval of consolidated and separate financial statements for the fiscal year 2024 Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
Approval of the maximum aggregate amount of remuneration for directors in 2025 Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
Report on internal control over financial reporting for the fiscal year 2024 Accepted as<br>reported Report
Report on the evaluation of internal control over financial reporting for the fiscal year 2024 Accepted as<br>reported Report
Report on audit results for 2024 Accepted as<br>reported Report
March 21, 2025 Approval of capital contribution for construction and operation of Jafurah combined heat and power plant in Saudi Arabia(Phase 2) Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
April 18, 2025 Approval to close the shareholders’ registry for the extraordinary general meeting of shareholders Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
Approval of amendments to the Regulation for Employee Remuneration and Welfare Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
April 23, 2025 Approval to close the shareholders’ registry for the extraordinary general meeting of shareholders Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
May 9, 2025 Approval to call for the extraordinary general meeting of shareholders for the fiscal year 2025 Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
May 23, 2025 Approval of amendments of the Supplementary Power Exchange Terms and Conditions for the Distributed Energy Specialized Area Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
Approval of the 11th long-term plan for power transmission and substation facilities Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
Approval of appointment of a member of Power System Committee Approved as<br>approved Resolution
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June 20, 2025 Approval of forming Director Nomination Committee and evaluation standards for the candidates of a<br>non-standing director Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
Approval of amendment to the Regulation of the Board of Directors Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
Approval of the mid-to long-term financial management plan (2025~2029) Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
Approval of personnel increase Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
Approval of contribution to Korea Institute of Energy Technology in 2025 Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
July 18, 2025 Approval of amendment to the Regulation of the Board of Directors Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
Approval of the 1st long-term plan for power distribution Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
August 26, 2025 Approval of forming Director Nomination Committee and evaluation standards for the candidates of a<br>non-standing director Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
Report on financial statements for the first half of 2025 Accepted as<br>reported Report
September 19, 2025 Approval of forming Director Nomination Committee and evaluation standards for the candidates of a<br>non-standing director Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
Approval of the construction of a new DC office building for the Gyeonggi Regional Headquarters Approved as<br>amended Resolution
Approval of investment in the fund for mutually beneficial cooperation between large enterprises and small and medium enterprises in 2025 Approved as<br>proposed Resolution
Report on the commencement and early commencement of construction projects involving 345kV and above Accepted as<br>reported Report
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4. Attendance Status of Non-standing directors and Voting Results by<br>Agenda Items for a nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
Date Agenda Han,<br>Jin-<br>Hyun Kim,Jong-Woon Kim,Jun-Ki Park,<br>Chung-<br>Kun Kim,Sung-<br>Eun Lee,Sung-<br>Ho Cho,Seong-<br>Jin Kang,Hoon Lee,<br>Heung-<br>Ryul
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January 23,2025 Approval of forming Director Nomination Committee and evaluation standards for the candidates of a<br>non-standing director (labor director) For For For For For For For For Before<br>Appointment
Approval of the revised relocation plan for the Gyeonggi Materials Management Center For For For For For For For For
Approval of the safety management plan of 2025 For For For For For For For For
Report on the annual management of commercial papers in 2024 Agenda for Report
Report on the headquarters organizational enhancement plan Agenda for Report
February 28, 2025 Approval of forming Director Nomination Committee and evaluation standards for the candidates of a<br>non-standing director Absent For For For For For For For
Approval to call for the annual general meeting of shareholders for the fiscal year 2024 Absent For For For For For For For
Approval of consolidated and separate financial statements for the fiscal year 2024 Absent For For For Absent For For For
Approval of the maximum aggregate amount of remuneration for directors in 2025 Absent For For For For For For For
Report on internal control over financial reporting for the fiscal year 2024 Agenda for Report
Report on the evaluation of internal control over financial reporting for the fiscal year 2024 Agenda for Report
Report on audit results for 2024 Agenda for Report
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March 21, 2025 Approval of capital contribution for construction and operation of Jafurah combined heat and power plant in Saudi Arabia(Phase 2) For For For For For For For For
April 18, 2025 Approval to close the shareholders’ registry for the extraordinary general meeting of shareholders For For For For For For For
Approval of amendments to the Regulation for Employee Remuneration and Welfare For For For For For For For
April 23, 2025 Approval to close the shareholders’ registry for the extraordinary general meeting of shareholders For Absent For For For For For
May 9, 2025 Approval to call for the extraordinary general meeting of shareholders for the fiscal year 2025 For For For Retired For For For For For
May 23, 2025 Approval of amendments of the Supplementary Power exchange Terms and Conditions for the Distributed Energy Specialized Area For For For For For For For For
Approval of the 11th long-term plan for power transmission and substation facilities For For For For For For For For
Approval of appointment of a member of Power System Committee For For For For For For For For
June 20, 2025 Approval of forming Director Nomination Committee and evaluation standards for the candidates of a<br>non-standing director Absent For For Absent For For For For
Approval of amendment to the Regulation Concerning the Board of Directors Absent For For Absent For For For For
Approval of the mid-to long-term financial management plan (2025~2029) Absent For For Absent For For For For
Approval of personnel increase Absent For For Absent For For For For
Approval of contribution to Korea Institute of Energy Technology in 2025 Absent For For Absent For Against For For
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July 18, 2025 Approval of amendment to the Regulation of the Board of Directors For For For For For For For For
Approval of the 1st long-term plan for power distribution For For For For For For For For
August 26, 2025 Approval of forming Director Nomination Committee and evaluation standards for the candidates of a<br>non-standing director For For For For For For For For
Report on financial statements for the first half of 2025 Agenda for Report Agenda for Report
September 19, 2025 Approval of forming Director Nomination Committee and evaluation standards for the candidates of a<br>non-standing director Absent For For For For For For For
Approval of the construction of a new DC office building for the Gyeonggi Regional Headquarters Absent For For For For For For For
Approval of investment in the fund for mutually beneficial cooperation between large enterprises and small and medium enterprises in 2025 Absent For For For For For For For
Report on the commencement and early commencement of construction projects involving 345kV and above Agenda for Report Agenda for Report
Attendance Rate 72.7 % 90.9 % 100 % 100 % 88.6 % 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 %
  1. Attendance Status of Standing directors for a nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
Date Agenda Kim,Dong-Cheol Jun,Young-Sang Oh,Heung-Bok Lee,Jun-Ho Jung,<br>Chi-Gyo Ahn,Jung-Eun Seo,Chul-Soo Seo,<br>Guen-<br>Bae
January 23, 2025 Approval of forming Director Nomination Committee and evaluation standards for the candidates of a<br>non-standing director (labor director) For For For For Before<br>Appointment For For For
Approval of the revised relocation plan for the Gyeonggi Materials Management Center For For For For For For For
Approval of the safety management plan of 2025 For For For For For For For
Report on the annual management of commercial papers in 2024 Agenda for Report Agenda for Report
Report on the headquarters organizational enhancement plan Agenda for Report Agenda for Report
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Date Agenda Kim,Dong-Cheol Jun,Young-Sang Oh,Heung-Bok Lee,Jun-Ho Jung,<br>Chi-Gyo Ahn,Jung-Eun Seo,Chul-Soo Seo,<br>Guen-<br>Bae
February 23, 2024 Approval of forming Director Nomination Committee and evaluation standards for the candidates of a<br>non-standing director For For For For For For For
Approval to call for the annual general meeting of shareholders for the fiscal year 2024 For For For For For For For
Approval of consolidated and separate financial statements for the fiscal year 2024 For For For For For For For
Approval of the maximum aggregate amount of remuneration for directors in 2025 For For For For For For For
Report on internal control over financial reporting for the fiscal year 2024 Agenda for Report Agenda for Report
Report on the evaluation of internal control over financial reporting for the fiscal year 2024 Agenda for Report Agenda for Report
Report on audit results for 2024 Agenda for Report Agenda for Report
March 21, 2025 Approval of capital contribution for construction and operation of Jafurah combined heat and power plant in Saudi Arabia(Phase 2) For For For Retired For For For
April 18, 2025 Approval to close the shareholders’ registry for the extraordinary general meeting of shareholders For For For For For For
Approval of amendments to the Regulation for Employee Remuneration and Welfare For For For For For For
April 23, 2025 Approval to close the shareholders’ registry for the extraordinary general meeting of shareholders For For For For For For
May 9, 2025 Approval to call for the extraordinary general meeting of shareholders for the fiscal year 2025 For For For For For For
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Date Agenda Kim,Dong-Cheol Jun,Young-Sang Oh,Heung-Bok Lee,Jun-Ho Jung,<br>Chi-Gyo Ahn,Jung-Eun Seo,Chul-Soo Seo,<br>Guen-<br>Bae
May 23, 2025 Approval of amendments of the Supplementary Electricity Supply Terms and Conditions for the Distributed Energy Specialized Area For For For For For Retired
Approval of the 11th long-term plan for power transmission and substation facilities For For For For For
Approval of appointment of a member of Power System Committee For For For For For
June 20, 2025 Approval of forming Director Nomination Committee and evaluation standards for the candidates of a<br>non-standing director For For For For For For
Approval of amendment to the Regulation Concerning the Board of Directors For For For For For For
Approval of the mid-to long-term financial management plan (2025~2029) For For For For For For
Approval of personnel increase For For For For For For
Approval of contribution to Korea Institute of Energy Technology in 2025 For For For For For For
July 18, 2025 Approval of amendment to the Regulation of the Board of Directors For For For For For For
Approval of the 1st long-term plan for power distribution For For For For For For
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Date Agenda Kim,Dong-Cheol Jun,Young-Sang Oh,Heung-Bok Lee,Jun-Ho Jung,<br>Chi-Gyo Ahn,Jung-Eun Seo,Chul-Soo Seo,<br>Guen-<br>Bae
August 26, 2025 Approval of forming Director Nomination Committee and evaluation standards for the candidates of a<br>non-standing director For For For For For For
Report on financial statements for the first half of 2025 Agenda for Report Agenda for Report
September 19, 2025 Approval of forming Director Nomination Committee and evaluation standards for the candidates of a<br>non-standing director For For For For For For
Approval of the construction of a new DC office building for the Gyeonggi Regional Headquarters For For For For For For
Approval of investment in the fund for mutually beneficial cooperation between large enterprises and small and medium enterprises in 2025 For For For For For For
Report on the commencement and early commencement of construction projects involving 345kV and above Agenda for Report Agenda for Report
Attendance Rate **** 100% **** 100% **** 100% **** 100% **** 100% **** 100% **** 100% **** 100%
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  1. Major activities of the Audit Committee for a nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
Date Agenda Results Type
January 23, 2025 Approval of appointment of independent auditors of subsidiaries Approved as proposed Resolution
Approval of appointment and remuneration of independent auditors of KEPCO and Generation Subsidiaries Approved as proposed Resolution
Approval of annual audit plans for 2025 Approved as proposed Resolution
Approval of audit committee’s opinions on the operation of the Board Accepted as proposed Resolution
Report on amendments to the internal control over financial reporting regulations Accepted as reported Report
Report on audit education plans in 2025 Accepted as reported Report
Report on audit results for December of 2024 Accepted as reported Report
Report on independence of independent auditors Accepted as reported Report
February 12, 2025 Approval of appointment of independent auditors of subsidiaries Rejected Resolution
Report on independence of independent auditors prior to engagement Accepted as reported Report
February 27, 2025 Approval of the consolidated and separate financial statements and business report for the fiscal year 2024 Approved as proposed Resolution
Pre-approval of non-audit service for subsidiaries by the<br>independent auditor Approved as proposed Resolution
Approval of the Operating Guidelines for the Audit Advisory Committee Approved as amended Resolution
Report on internal control over financial reporting for the fiscal year 2024 Accepted as reported Report
Report on the evaluation on internal control over financial reporting for the fiscal year 2024 Accepted as reported Report
Report on audit results by the independent auditor for the fiscal year 2024 Accepted as reported Report
Report on audit results for 2024 Accepted as reported Report
March 14, 2025 Approval of appointment of the chairman of the Audit Committee Approved as proposed Resolution
Pre-approval of non-audit service for subsidiaries by the<br>independent auditor Approved as proposed Resolution
Approval of auditor’s report for the annual general meeting of shareholders Approved as proposed Resolution
Approval of amendments to Internal Audit Regulations Approved as proposed Resolution
Approval of staffing proposal regarding the reorganization of Audit bodies of branch offices Approved as proposed Resolution
Report on audit results by the independent auditor for the fiscal year 2024 Accepted as reported Report
Report on audit results for January and February of 2025 Accepted as reported Report
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April 10, 2025 Approval of amendments to audit plans for 2025 Approved as proposed Resolution
Approval of amendments to Guidelines for Legal Support on auditors Approved as amended Resolution
Pre-approval of non-audit service for subsidiaries by the<br>independent auditor Approved as proposed Resolution
Pre-approval of appointment of independent auditors of subsidiaries Approved as proposed Resolution
Approval of staffing proposal regarding the reorganization of Audit bodies of branch offices Approved as proposed Resolution
Report on the Form 20-F for the fiscal year 2024 to be filed with the U.S. Securities and<br>Exchange Accepted as reported Report
Report on audit progress by independent auditor on the Form 20-F for the fiscal year 2024 to be filed<br>with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Accepted as reported Report
Report on audit results for March of 2025 Accepted as reported Report
May 22, 2025 Approval of investigation result on the agenda for the extraordinary general meeting of shareholders Approved as proposed Resolution
Approval of Clean KEPCO branch office certification Approved as proposed Resolution
Approval of amendments to the internal audit guidelines Approved as proposed Resolution
Report on auditor’s review for the first quarter of fiscal year 2025 Accepted as reported Report
Report on audit results for April of 2025 Accepted as reported Report
June 20, 2025 Approval of revocation of Clean KEPCO branch office certification Approved as proposed Resolution
Report on post-evaluation of the auditor for the fiscal year 2024 Accepted as reported Report
Report on audit results for May of 2025 Accepted as reported Report
July 17, 2025 Approval of appointment of independent auditors of subsidiaries Approved as amended Resolution
Report on annual audit plan of independent auditor for fiscal year 2025 Accepted as reported Report
Report on audit results for June of 2025 Accepted as reported Report
August 26, 2025 Approval of appointment of independent auditors of subsidiaries Approved as proposed Resolution
September 19, 2025 Pre-approval of non-audit service for subsidiaries by the<br>independent auditor Approved as proposed Resolution
Pre-approval of appointment of independent auditors of subsidiaries Approved as proposed Resolution
Approval of amendments to the internal audit guidelines Approved as proposed Resolution
Auditor’s review report for the first half of 2025 Accepted as reported Report
Report on audit results for the first half of 2025, July and August of 2025 Accepted as reported Report
* The audit department, organized under the supervision of the Audit Committee, conducts internal audit over the<br>entire company and takes administrative measures as appropriate in accordance with relevant internal regulations.
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Table of Contents
  1. Attendance Status of the Audit Committee for a six-month period ended June 30, 2025
Date Agenda Kim,<br>Sung-Eun Lee,<br>Sung-Ho Jun,<br>Young-<br>Sang
January 23, 2025 Approval of appointment of independent auditors of subsidiaries Attended Attended Attended
Approval of appointment and remuneration of independent auditors of KEPCO and Generation Subsidiaries
Approval of annual audit plans for 2025
Approval of audit committee’s opinions on the operation of the Board
Report on amendments to the internal control over financial reporting regulations
Report on audit education plans in 2025
Report on audit results for December of 2024
Report on independence of independent auditors
February 12, 2025 Approval of appointment of independent auditors of subsidiaries Attended Attended Attended
Report on independence of independent auditors prior to engagement
February 27, 2025 Approval of the consolidated and separate financial statements and business report for the fiscal year 2024 Attended Absent Attended
Pre-approval of non-audit service for subsidiaries by the<br>independent auditor
Approval of the operating guidelines for the Audit Advisory Committee
Report on internal control over financial reporting for the fiscal year 2024
Report on the evaluation on internal control over financial reporting for the fiscal year 2024
Report on audit results by the independent auditor for the fiscal year 2024
Report on audit results for 2024
March 14, 2025 Approval of appointment of the chairman of the Audit Committee Attended Absent Attended
Pre-approval of non-audit service for subsidiaries by the<br>independent auditor
Approval of auditor’s report for the annual general meeting of shareholders
Approval of amendments to Internal Audit Regulations
Approval of staffing proposal regarding the reorganization of audit bodies of branch offices
Report on audit results by the independent auditor for the fiscal year 2024
Report on audit results for January and February of 2025
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April 10, 2025 Approval of amendments to audit plans for 2025 Attended Absent Attended
Approval of amendments to Guidelines for Legal Support on auditors
Pre-approval for non-audit for subsidiaries by the<br>independent auditor
Pre-approval of appointment of independent auditors of subsidiaries
Approval of staffing proposal regarding the reorganization of audit bodies of branch offices
Report on the Form 20-F for the fiscal year 2024 to be filed with the U.S. Securities and<br>Exchange
Report on audit progress by independent auditor on the Form 20-F for the fiscal year 2024 to be filed<br>with the U.S. Securities and Exchange
Report on audit results for March of 2025
May 22, 2025 Approval of investigation result on the agenda for the extraordinary general meeting of shareholders Attended Absent Attended
Approval of Clean KEPCO branch office certification
Approval of amendments to the internal audit guidelines
Report on auditor’s review for the first quarter of fiscal year 2025
Report on audit results for April of 2025
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June 20, 2025 Approval of revocation of Clean KEPCO branch office certification Attended Absent Attended
Report on post-evaluation of the auditor for the fiscal year 2024
Report on audit results for May of 2025
July 17, 2025 Approval of appointment of independent auditors of subsidiaries Attended Absent Attended
Report on annual audit plan of independent auditor for fiscal year 2025
Report on audit results for June of 2025
August 26, 2025 Approval of appointment of independent auditors of subsidiaries Attended Absent Attended
September 19, 2025 Pre-approval of non-audit service for subsidiaries by the<br>independent auditor Attended Absent Attended
Pre-approval of appointment of independent auditors of subsidiaries Attended Absent Attended
Approval of amendments to the internal audit guidelines Attended Absent Attended
Auditor’s review report for the first half of 2025 Attended Absent Attended
Report on audit results for the first half of 2025, July and August of 2025 Attended Absent Attended
Attendance Rate 100% 20% 100%
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V. Shareholder’s Meetings

  1. Summary of shareholder’s meetings for a nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
Type Agenda Results
Extraordinary General Meeting held on January 6, 2025 Election of a Standing Director Approved as proposed
Annual General Meeting held on March 26, 2025 Approval of the consolidated and separate financial statements for the fiscal year 2024 Approved as proposed
Approval of the maximum aggregate amount of remuneration for directors in 2025 Approved as proposed
Extraordinary General Meeting held on May 28, 2025 Election of a Standing Director Approved as proposed

VI. Shareholders

  1. List of shareholders as of September 30, 2025
Number ofshareholders Shares owned Percentage of<br>total (%)
Government of the Republic of Korea 1 116,841,794 18.20
Korea Development Bank 1 211,235,264 32.90
Subtotal 2 328,077,058 51.10
National Pension Service 1 50,266,002 7.83
Public<br> <br>(Non-Koreans) Common Shares 1,367 121,107,671 18.87
American depositary shares (ADS) 1 11,929,072 1.86
Public (Koreans) 563,358 130,584,274 20.34
Total 564,729 641,964,077 100.00
Percentages are based on issued shares of common stock.
--- ---
All of our shareholder have equal voting rights.
--- ---
Citibank, N.A. is our depositary bank and each ADS represents one-half of<br>one share of our common stock.
--- ---
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VII. Directors and employees as of and for a nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 (KEPCO on aseparate basis)

  1. Directors

(In thousands of Won)

Type Number of<br>directors Totalremuneration Averageremuneration<br>per person Remarks
Standing director 6 1,215,660 202,610 Excluding members of the Audit Committee
Non-standing director 6 135,000 22,500
Member of Audit Committee Standing director 1 180,438 180,438
Non-standing director 2 45,000 22,500
Total **** 15 **** 1,576,098 **** 105,073
  1. Employees

(In thousands of Won)

Type Number of employees Average<br>continuousservice year Total<br>salaries Averagesalaries<br>per person
Regular Non-regular Total
Male 17,017 99 17,116 15.2 1,275,444,437 73,983
Female 5,174 107 5,281 14.5 335,609,967 69,649
Total **** 22,191 **** 206 **** 22,397 **** 15.0 **** 1,611,054,404 **** 71,562

VIII. Other Information Necessary for the Protection of Investors

  1. Pending legal proceedings as of September 30, 2025

(In billions of Won)

Type Numberof lawsuits Amountclaimed
Lawsuits where KEPCO and its subsidiaries are engaged as the defendants 720 854
Lawsuits where KEPCO and its subsidiaries are engaged as the plaintiffs 244 756
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  1. Sanctions **** as of September 30, 2025(Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power CO, Ltd.)

Sanctions by Law Enforcement and Judicial Authorities

Prosecution<br><br><br>Date Subject Sanctions Relevant laws (charges) Proceedings
Position Tenure
June 30, 2021 CEO(Former) 4yrs Prosecution with detention The Act on the Aggravated Punishment, etc. of specific economic crimes(Occupational breach of trust), The Criminal Act In the progress in the district court
April 9, 2024 The head of a power plant(Current) 29yrs Prosecution with detention Occupational embezzlement, The Criminal Act In the progress in the high court
January 3, 2025 KHNP Prosecution with detention Nuclear Safety Act(Vicarious Liability Provision) In the progress in the district court
September 18, 2025 KHNP Administrative Fine<br> <br>(4 million<br>Won) The Act on the Protection and Investigation of Buried Cultural Heritage<br><br><br>(Vicarious Liability Provision) Fine Payment
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Sanctions by Administrative Authorities

Date Subject Sanctions Grounds and Applicable Laws Proceedings
January 15, 2025 KHNP HANBIT Nuclear Power Site Administrative Fine<br> <br>(10 million<br>Won) Act of Physical Protection and Radiological Emergency Preparedness for Nuclear Facilities, etc. Article 14 (Book and Records) Fine Payment
January 15, 2025 KHNP HANUL Nuclear Power Site Administrative Fine<br> <br>(8 million<br>Won) Act of Physical Protection and Radiological Emergency Preparedness for Nuclear Facilities, etc. Article 14<br><br><br>(Book and Records) Fine Payment
March 6, 2025 KHNP Corrective Action Act on the Fairness of Subcontract Transactions Article 3-4 Paragraph(1)<br><br><br>Prohibition of unfair contractual terms Implementation<br>of Corrective<br>Actions to<br>prevent<br>recurrence
June 16, 2025 KHNP HANUL Nuclear Power Site Administrative Fine<br> <br>(0.25 million<br>Won) Groundwater Act<br> <br>Article 9<br><br><br>Failure to conduct a geotechnical investigation Fine Payment
June 26, 2025 KHNP Administrative Fine<br> <br>(144 million<br>Won) Nuclear Safety Act<br> <br>Article 70 and 119<br><br><br>The Enforcement Decree of Nuclear Safety ACT<br> <br>Article 107 and<br>178 Fine Payment
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  1. Sanctions **** as of September 30, 2025(Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd)
Date Sanction Authorities Subject Sanctions Cause Grounds andApplicable Laws
February 12, 2025 Ministry of Climate, Energy, and Environment Dangjin<br>Power<br>Complex Administrative Fine<br> <br>(1.8 million<br>Won) Unaddressed malfunction of measurement equipment Act on the Integrated Control of Pollutant-Discharging Facilities<br><br><br>Article 20
  1. Sanctions **** as of September 30, 2025(KEPCO KDN)
Date Sanction<br><br><br>Authorities Resolution Number Case Name Proceedings
February 20, 2025 Korea Fair Trade Commission Resolution 2025-029 Case concerning unlawful collussion between KEPCO KDN and Exem CO,. Ltd. in the procurement bid for additional storage materials for unstructured data at KEPCO Corrective Actions and fine(39 million Won)
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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

By: /s/ Joo, Hwa-Sik
Name: Joo, Hwa-Sik
Title: Vice President

Date: December 18, 2025

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION

AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed consolidated interim financial statements

September 30, 2025

with the independent auditors’ review report

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
Independent auditors’ review report
Condensed consolidated interim statements of financial<br>position 1
Condensed consolidated interim statements of comprehensive<br>income 3
Condensed consolidated interim statements of changes in<br>equity 5
Condensed consolidated interim statements of cash flows 7
Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial<br>statements 9
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LOGO

Independent Auditors’ Review Report

(English translation of a report originally issued in Korean)

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of

Korea Electric Power Corporation

Reviewed Financial Statements

We have reviewed the accompanying condensed consolidated interim financial statements of Korea Electric Power Corporation and its subsidiaries (the “Group”), which comprise the condensed consolidated interim statement of financial position as of September 30, 2025, the condensed consolidated interim statements of comprehensive income for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025, the condensed consolidated interim statements of changes in equity and cash flows for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and notes, comprising of material accounting policy information and other explanatory information.

Management’s Responsibility

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements in accordance with Korean International Financial Reporting Standards (“K-IFRS”) No. 1034, ‘Interim Financial Reporting’ and for such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

Auditors’ Review Responsibility

Our responsibility is to issue a report on these condensed consolidated interim financial statements based on our review.

We conducted our review in accordance with the Review Standards for Quarterly and Semiannual Financial Statements established by the Securities and Futures Commission of the Republic of Korea. A review of interim financial statements consists of making inquiries, primarily of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters, and applying analytical and other review procedures. A review is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with Korean Standards on Auditing and consequently does not enable us to obtain assurance that we would become aware of all significant matters that might be identified in an audit. Accordingly, we do not express an audit opinion.

Conclusion

Based on our review, nothing has come to our attention that causes us to believe that the accompanying condensed consolidated interim financial statements referred to above do not present fairly, in all material respects, in accordance with K-IFRS No. 1034, ‘Interim Financial Reporting’.

Other Matters

The procedures and practices utilized in the Republic of Korea to review such condensed consolidated interim financial statements may differ from those generally accepted and applied in other countries.

The consolidated interim statements of comprehensive income for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2024 and the consolidated interim statements of changes in equity and cash flows for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024, presented for comparative purposes, were reviewed by another auditor. Their review report dated November 14, 2024, stated that nothing had come to their attention that caused them to believe that those consolidated interim financial statements did not present fairly, in all material respects, in accordance with K-IFRS No. 1034, ‘Interim Financial Reporting’.

The consolidated statement of financial position as of December 31, 2024, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for the year then ended, which are not accompanying this report, have been audited by another auditor in accordance with Korean Standards on Auditing and their report thereon, dated March 11, 2025, expressed an unmodified opinion. The accompanying consolidated statement of financial position as of December 31, 2024, presented for comparative purposes, is not different from that audited by another auditor from which it was derived in all material respects.

LOGO

Seoul, Korea

November 14, 2025

This report is effective as of November 14, 2025, the review report date. Certain subsequent events or circumstances, which may occur between the review report date and the time of reading this report, could have a material impact on the accompanying condensed consolidated interim financial statements and notes thereto. Accordingly, the readers of the review report should understand that the above review report has not been updated to reflect the impact of such subsequent events or circumstances, if any.

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION

AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed consolidated interim financial statements

For each of the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024

“The accompanying condensed consolidated interim financial statements, including all footnotes and disclosures,

have been prepared by, and are the responsibility of, the Group.”

Dong-Cheol Kim

Chief Executive Officer

Korea Electric Power Corporation

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed consolidated interim statements of financial position

As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (Unaudited)

In millions of won Note September 30, 2025 December 31, 2024
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents 5,6,7,44 ~~W~~ 2,275,359 2,382,979
Current financial assets, net 5,6,9,11,12,13,44,45,46 5,878,256 3,494,717
Trade and other receivables, net 5,8,20,24,44,45,46 12,219,551 12,216,216
Inventories, net 14 9,882,246 9,769,236
Current income tax assets 84,423 78,495
Current non-financial assets 15 1,451,106 1,267,914
Assets held-for-sale 41 75,905 45,648
Total current assets 31,866,846 29,255,205
Non-current assets
Non-current financial assets, net 5,6,9,10,11,12,13,44,46 4,110,730 4,945,990
Non-current trade and other receivables, net 5,8,20,44,45,46 3,213,902 3,157,409
Property, plant and equipment, net 18,24,27,48 185,941,378 182,982,763
Investment properties, net 19,27 169,321 228,984
Goodwill, net 16 99,145 99,179
Intangible assets other than goodwill, net 21,27 963,419 1,046,918
Investments in associates 4,17 6,792,851 6,704,754
Investments in joint ventures 4,17 6,310,087 4,581,340
Defined benefit assets, net 25 13,885 40,425
Deferred tax assets 12,737,254 13,436,624
Non-current non-financial assets 15 872,726 328,204
Total non-current assets 221,224,698 217,552,590
Total assets 4 ~~W~~ 253,091,544 246,807,795

(Continued)

1

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed consolidated interim statements of financial position, Continued

As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (Unaudited)

In millions of won Note September 30, 2025 December 31, 2024
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Trade and other payables 5,22,24,44,46 ~~W~~ 8,752,691 9,411,315
Current financial liabilities 5,12,23,44,46 45,827,642 44,465,866
Current income tax liabilities 1,599,650 970,496
Current non-financial liabilities 20,28,29 6,834,306 6,327,141
Current provisions 26,44 3,042,141 2,793,971
Liabilities held-for-sale 41 11,233
Total current liabilities 66,067,663 63,968,789
Non-current liabilities
Non-current trade and other payables 5,22,24,44,46 4,217,420 4,609,241
Non-current financial liabilities 5,12,23,44,46 84,977,573 88,352,359
Non-current non-financial liabilities 28,29 13,951,215 13,281,520
Employee benefits liabilities, net 25,44 1,735,947 1,451,547
Deferred tax liabilities 6,125,584 5,944,472
Non-current provisions 26,44 28,264,812 27,837,034
Total non-current liabilities 139,272,551 141,476,173
Total liabilities 4 ~~W~~ 205,340,214 205,444,962
Equity
Contributed capital 1,30,44
Share capital ~~W~~ 3,209,820 3,209,820
Share premium 843,758 843,758
4,053,578 4,053,578
Retained earnings 31
Legal reserves 1,604,910 1,604,910
Voluntary reserves 567,469
Unappropriated retained earnings 24,934,926 18,523,337
27,107,305 20,128,247
Other components of equity 33
Other capital surplus 1,605,627 1,600,812
Accumulated other comprehensive income 1,078,428 1,424,014
Other equity 12,708,585 12,708,585
15,392,640 15,733,411
Equity attributable to owners of the controlling company 46,553,523 39,915,236
Non-controlling interests 16,32 1,197,807 1,447,597
Total equity ~~W~~ 47,751,330 41,362,833
Total liabilities and equity ~~W~~ 253,091,544 246,807,795

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

2

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed consolidated interim statements of comprehensive income

For each of the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (Unaudited)

In millions of won, except per share information September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
Note Three-monthperiod ended Nine-monthperiod ended Three-monthperiod ended Nine-monthperiod ended
Sales 4,34,44,46
Sale of goods 2 ~~W~~ 27,033,542 72,235,987 25,629,338 68,449,978
Sales of services 175,181 478,755 141,906 479,195
Sales of construction services 20 144,830 382,298 136,406 363,315
Revenue related to transfer of assets from customers 28 218,831 649,466 195,707 577,319
27,572,384 73,746,506 26,103,357 69,869,807
Cost of sales 14,25,42,46
Cost of sales of goods (20,483,602 ) (58,267,318 ) (21,617,557 ) (60,817,298 )
Cost of sales of services (145,853 ) (431,877 ) (144,197 ) (435,879 )
Cost of sales of construction services (503,651 ) (1,210,397 ) (189,377 ) (461,904 )
(21,133,106 ) (59,909,592 ) (21,951,131 ) (61,715,081 )
Gross profit 6,439,278 13,836,914 4,152,226 8,154,726
Selling and administrative expenses 25,35,42,46 (787,366 ) (2,295,523 ) (756,171 ) (2,209,066 )
Operating profit 4 5,651,912 11,541,391 3,396,055 5,945,660
Other income 36 122,898 307,436 98,662 321,691
Other expenses 36 (69,524 ) (162,980 ) (53,167 ) (212,972 )
Other gains, net 37 240,392 359,576 82,273 126,169
Finance income 5,12,38 774,699 1,886,241 1,128,461 1,233,334
Finance expenses 5,12,39 (1,608,924 ) (4,216,554 ) (1,927,864 ) (4,102,671 )
Profit (loss) related to associates, joint ventures and subsidiaries 4,16,17
Share of profit of associates and joint ventures 234,265 719,004 252,142 731,313
Gain on disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures 1 3,880 8 185,348
Gain on disposal of investments in Subsidiaries 98
Share of loss of associates and joint ventures 31,933 (163,289 ) (163,943 )
Loss on disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures (626 )
Loss on disposal of investments in subsidiaries (28,491 ) (28,491 )
~~W~~ 237,708 531,104 252,150 752,190

(Continued)

3

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed consolidated interim statements of comprehensive income, Continued

For each of the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (Unaudited)

In millions of won, except per share information September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
Note Three-monthperiod ended Nine-monthperiod ended Three-monthperiod ended Nine-monthperiod ended
Profit before income tax ~~W~~ 5,349,161 10,246,214 2,976,570 4,063,401
Income tax expense 40 (1,559,143 ) (2,918,131 ) (1,096,924 ) (1,473,402 )
Profit for the period 3,790,018 7,328,083 1,879,646 2,589,999
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 5,12,25,31,33
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Remeasurements of defined benefit plans 25,31 ~~W~~ (13,928 ) (112,028 ) (107,448 ) (300,635 )
Share of other comprehensive income (loss) of associates and joint ventures 31 1,303 1,313 (219 ) 1,191
Net change in fair value of financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive<br>income 33 70,097 112,542 11,164 82,614
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Net change in the unrealized fair value of derivatives using cash flow hedge accounting 5,12,33 4,739 14,208 29,840 28,608
Foreign currency translation of foreign operations 33 59,467 (90,369 ) (81,017 ) 11,448
Share of other comprehensive income (loss) of associates and joint ventures 33 175,497 (404,787 ) (311,891 ) 91,362
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the period 297,175 (479,121 ) (459,571 ) (85,412 )
Total comprehensive income for the period ~~W~~ 4,087,193 6,848,962 1,420,075 2,504,587
Profit attributable to: 43
Owners of the controlling company ~~W~~ 3,755,618 7,220,576 1,849,337 2,475,886
Non-controlling interests 34,400 107,507 30,309 114,113
~~W~~ 3,790,018 7,328,083 1,879,646 2,589,999
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to:
Owners of the controlling company ~~W~~ 4,032,197 6,770,209 1,418,612 2,392,339
Non-controlling interests 54,996 78,753 1,463 112,248
~~W~~ 4,087,193 6,848,962 1,420,075 2,504,587
Earnings per share (in won) 43
Basic and diluted earnings per share ~~W~~ 5,850 11,248 2,881 3,857

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

4

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed consolidated interim statements of changes in equity

For the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (Unaudited)

In millions of won Equity attributable to owners of the controlling company Non-<br>controlling<br>interests
Contributedcapital Retained<br>earnings Other<br>components<br>of equity Subtotal Total<br>equity
Balance as of January 1, 2024 ~~W~~ 4,053,578 16,338,262 15,453,203 35,845,043 1,419,707 37,264,750
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the period
Profit for the period 2,475,886 2,475,886 114,113 2,589,999
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Remeasurement of defined benefit plans, net of tax (287,298 ) (287,298 ) (13,337 ) (300,635 )
Share of other comprehensive income of associates and joint ventures, net of tax 1,191 1,191 1,191
Net change in fair value of financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income, net<br>of tax 82,613 82,613 1 82,614
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Net change in the unrealized fair value of derivatives using cash flow hedge accounting, net of<br>tax 29,533 29,533 (925 ) 28,608
Foreign currency translation of foreign operations, net of tax (948 ) (948 ) 12,396 11,448
Share of other comprehensive income of associates and joint ventures, net of tax 91,362 91,362 91,362
Transactions with owners of the Group, recognized directly in equity
Dividends paid (83,522 ) (83,522 )
Additional paid-in capital and others (1,348 ) (1,348 )
Equity transaction within the consolidated entity 21 21 21
Changes in consolidation scope 5 5
Dividends paid for hybrid bonds (7,921 ) (7,921 )
Others
Transfer of revaluation reserve 586,394 (586,394 )
Balance as of September 30, 2024 ~~W~~ 4,053,578 19,114,435 15,069,390 38,237,403 1,439,169 39,676,572

(Continued)

5

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed consolidated interim statements of changes in equity, Continued

For the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (Unaudited)

In millions of won Equity attributable to owners of the controlling company Non-<br>controlling<br>interests
Contributedcapital Retained<br>earnings Other<br>components<br>of equity Subtotal Total<br>equity
Balance as of January 1, 2025 ~~W~~ 4,053,578 20,128,247 15,733,411 39,915,236 1,447,597 41,362,833
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the period
Profit for the period 7,220,576 7,220,576 107,507 7,328,083
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Remeasurement of defined benefit plans, net of tax (106,094 ) (106,094 ) (5,934 ) (112,028 )
Share of other comprehensive income of associates and joint ventures, net of tax 1,313 1,313 1,313
Net change in fair value of financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income<br>(loss), net of tax 112,544 112,544 (2 ) 112,542
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Net change in the unrealized fair value of derivatives using cash flow hedge accounting, net of<br>tax 15,343 15,343 (1,135 ) 14,208
Foreign currency translation of foreign operations, net of tax (68,686 ) (68,686 ) (21,683 ) (90,369 )
Share of other comprehensive loss of associates and joint ventures, net of tax (404,787 ) (404,787 ) (404,787 )
Transactions with owners of the Group, recognized directly in equity
Dividends paid (136,737 ) (136,737 ) (75,715 ) (212,452 )
Additional paid-in capital and others (246 ) (246 ) (2,693 ) (2,939 )
Equity transaction within the consolidated entity 5,061 5,061 (17,865 ) (12,804 )
Changes in consolidation scope (142 ) (142 )
Dividends paid for hybrid bonds (2,128 ) (2,128 )
Repayment of hybrid bond (230,000 ) (230,000 )
Balance as of September 30, 2025 ~~W~~ 4,053,578 27,107,305 15,392,640 46,553,523 1,197,807 47,751,330

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

6

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed consolidated interim statements of cash flows

Forthe nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (Unaudited)

In millions of won September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
Cash flows from operating activities
Profit for the period ~~W~~ 7,328,083 2,589,999
Adjustments to reconcile profit for the period to net cash provided by operating<br>activities:
Income tax expense 2,918,131 1,473,402
Depreciation 10,341,469 10,497,338
Amortization 118,727 122,456
Retire benefit expenses 344,026 311,024
Bad debt expense 54,750 48,698
Interest expense 3,279,432 3,422,931
Loss on disposal of financial assets 3,525 219
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment 87,565 58,633
Loss on abandonment of property, plant and equipment 96,181 112,438
Loss on impairment of intangible assets 30
Loss on disposal of intangible assets 13 110
Increase in provisions, net 1,561,853 713,933
Loss (gain) on foreign currency translation, net (740,238 ) 336,847
Gain on valuation of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (54,942 ) (68,950 )
Loss on valuation of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 2,493 279
Loss (gain) on derivatives 507,179 (536,080 )
Gain on valuation of investments in associates and joint ventures, net (555,715 ) (567,370 )
Gain on disposal of financial assets (29,132 ) (29,383 )
Reversal of loss on impairment of intangible assets (42 )
Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment (280,199 ) (83,068 )
Gain on disposal of intangible assets (18 ) (22 )
Gain on disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures (3,880 ) (185,348 )
Loss on disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures 626
Gain on disposal of investments in subsidiaries (98 )
Loss on disposal of investments in subsidiaries 28,491
Interest income (332,010 ) (323,744 )
Dividends income (24,695 ) (12,243 )
Others, net (308,277 ) 26,620
17,014,717 15,319,248
Changes in:
Trade receivables 55,586 768,039
Non-trade receivables 28,835 41,033
Accrued income 184,183 (403,656 )
Other receivables 96,779 48,423
Other current assets (615,935 ) (324,965 )
Inventories (1,208,546 ) (975,912 )
Other non-current assets (186,574 ) 262
Trade payables (666,101 ) (15,203 )
Non-trade payables (76,110 ) 164,431
Accrued expenses (181,900 ) (448,114 )
Other current liabilities 728,176 702,683
Other non-current liabilities 615,337 396,880
Investments in associates and joint ventures (dividends received) 288,761 197,040
Provisions (1,275,292 ) (1,177,863 )
Payments of employee benefit obligations (224,331 ) (136,783 )
Plan assets (21,536 ) (9,756 )
~~W~~ (2,458,668 ) (1,173,461 )

(Continued)

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed consolidated interim statements of cash flows, Continued

For the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (Unaudited)

In millions of won September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
Cash generated from operating activities ~~W~~ 21,884,132 16,735,786
Dividends received 24,695 12,243
Interest paid (3,438,742 ) (3,486,186 )
Interest received 226,082 286,777
Income taxes paid (1,307,855 ) (679,107 )
Net cash flows provided by operating activities 17,388,312 12,869,513
Cash flows from investing activities
Proceeds from disposals of investments in associates and joint ventures 13,882 221,628
Acquisition of investments in associates and joint ventures (2,022,072 ) (349,945 )
Proceeds from disposals of property, plant and equipment 312,044 307,071
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment (11,920,204 ) (10,283,585 )
Proceeds from disposals of intangible assets 1,425 414
Acquisition of intangible assets (58,590 ) (57,923 )
Proceeds from disposals of financial assets 2,794,164 3,021,131
Acquisition of financial assets (5,283,864 ) (4,374,136 )
Increase in loans (103,906 ) (80,693 )
Collection of loans 234,613 175,842
Increase in deposits (115,413 ) (131,076 )
Decrease in deposits 104,649 138,027
Disposal of held-for-sale assets 37,929 14,363
Receipt of government grants 14,135 25,319
Usage of government grants and others (53 )
Net cash outflows from changes in consolidation scope (3,561 ) (2,716 )
Other cash outflows from investing activities, net (96,725 ) (140,757 )
Net cash flows used in investing activities (16,091,494 ) (11,517,089 )
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds (repayment) of short-term borrowings, net 1,820,448 (1,326,601 )
Proceeds from long-term borrowings 1,293,209 1,995,232
Proceeds from debt securities 19,225,697 12,627,199
Repayment of long-term borrowings (671,401 ) (424,789 )
Repayment of debt securities (22,516,891 ) (14,734,229 )
Payment of lease liabilities (463,167 ) (473,425 )
Settlement of derivative instruments, net 589,621 330,937
Change in non-controlling interests (42,678 ) (1,257 )
Repayment of hybrid bond (230,000 )
Dividends paid for hybrid bonds (2,128 ) (7,921 )
Dividends paid (209,733 ) (83,522 )
Other cash outflows from financing activities, net (261,693 )
Net cash flows used in financing activities (1,468,716 ) (2,098,376 )
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents before effect of exchange ratefluctuations (171,898 ) (745,952 )
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash held 65,927 67,642
Classified to assets held for sale (1,649 )
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents (107,620 ) (678,310 )
Cash and cash equivalents as of January 1, 2025 and 2024 2,382,979 4,342,887
Cash and cash equivalents as of September 30, 2025 and 2024 ~~W~~ 2,275,359 3,664,577

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

1. Reporting Entity (Description of the controlling company)

Korea Electric Power Corporation (“KEPCO”), the controlling company as defined in International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the Republic of Korea (“KIFRS”) 1110 Consolidated Financial Statements, was incorporated on January 1, 1982 in accordance with the Korea Electric Power Corporation Act (the “KEPCO Act”) to engage in the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity and development of electric power resources in the Republic of Korea. KEPCO’s stock was listed on the Korea Stock Exchange on August 10, 1989 and KEPCO listed its Depository Receipts (DR) on the New York Stock Exchange on October 27, 1994. KEPCO’s head office is located in Naju, Jeollanam-do.

As of September 30, 2025, KEPCO’s share capital amounts to ~~W~~3,209,820 million and KEPCO’s shareholders are as follows:

Number of shares<br>(in shares) Percentage of<br>ownership
The Government of the Republic of Korea 116,841,794 18.20 %
Korea Development Bank 211,235,264 32.90 %
Other (*) 313,887,019 48.90 %
641,964,077 100.00 %
(*) The number of shares held by foreign shareholders is 111,319,356 shares (17.34%) as of May 8, 2025,<br>the most recent closing date of the shareholder list.
--- ---

In accordance with the Restructuring Plan enacted on January 21, 1999 by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, KEPCO spun off its power generation divisions on April 2, 2001, resulting in the establishment of six power generation subsidiaries.

2. Basis of Preparation
(1) Statement of compliance
--- ---

These condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with KIFRS 1034 Interim Financial Reporting, enacted by the Act on External Audits of Stock Companies in the Republic of Korea. The accompanying consolidated interim financial statements have been translated into English from the Korean language financial statements. In the event of any differences in interpreting the financial statements or the independent auditors’ review report thereon, the Korean version, which is used for regulatory reporting purposes, shall prevail.

(2) Basis of measurement

These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for the following material items in the consolidated statements of financial position:

financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss;
financial instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income or loss;
--- ---
derivative financial instruments are measured at fair value; and
--- ---
liabilities for defined benefit plans are recognized at the net of the total present value of defined benefit<br>obligations less the fair value of plan assets.
--- ---
(3) Functional and presentation currency
--- ---

These condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in Korean won (presented as “won” or “KRW”), which is also the functional currency of KEPCO and most of the significant operating subsidiaries.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

2. Basis of Preparation, Continued
(4) Use of estimates and judgments
--- ---

The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with KIFRS requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected.

Meanwhile, KEPCO and its subsidiaries (the “Group”) considers climate-related risks resulting from climate change and the establishment of a global greenhouse gas reduction implementation system in its estimates and assumptions. Climate-related risks increase the uncertainty of the estimates and assumptions considered in various items of the financial statements, and the Group carefully monitors climate-related changes and developments, such as new climate-related legislation, even if it does not have a material impact on current measurements.

The followings are the key assumptions and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period, which have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year.

(i) Useful lives of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets other than goodwill and estimations on<br>provision for decommissioning costs.

The Group reviews the estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets other than goodwill at the end of each annual reporting period. Management’s assumptions could affect the determination of estimated economic useful lives.

The Group records the present value of estimated decommissioning costs as a liability in the period in which the Group incurs a legal obligation associated with the retirement of long-lived assets that result from acquisition, construction, development and/or normal use of the assets. The Group is required to record a liability for the dismantling (demolition) of nuclear power plants and disposal of spent fuel and low and intermediate radioactive wastes. The measurement of such liability is subject to change based on change in estimated cash flow, inflation rate, discount rate, and expected timing of decommissioning.

(ii) Deferred tax

The Group recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities of each consolidated taxpaying entity. However, the amount of deferred tax assets may be different if the Group determines the estimated future taxable income is not sufficient to realize the deferred tax assets recognized.

(iii) Valuations of financial instruments at fair values

The Group’s accounting policies and disclosures require the measurement of fair values, for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. The Group has established control framework with respect to the measurement of fair values. The valuation team regularly reviews significant unobservable inputs and valuation adjustments.

If third party information, such as broker quotes or pricing services, is used to measure fair values, then the valuation team assesses the evidence obtained from the third parties to support the conclusion that such valuations meet the requirements of KIFRS including the level in the fair value hierarchy in which such valuation techniques should be classified.

When measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Group uses market observable data as far as possible. Fair values are categorized into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows.

If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability might be categorized in different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorized in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement. The Group recognizes transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy at the end of the reporting period during which the change has occurred.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

2. Basis of Preparation, Continued
(4) Use of estimates and judgments, continued
--- ---
(iv) Defined employee benefit liabilities
--- ---

The Group offers its employees defined benefit plans. The cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit Method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at the end of each reporting period. For actuarial valuations, certain inputs such as discount rates and future salary increases are estimated. Defined benefit plans contain significant uncertainties in estimations due to its long-term nature (refer to Note 25).

(v) Unbilled revenue

Electricity delivered but neither metered nor billed is estimated at the reporting date based on the volume of electricity delivered which can vary significantly as a result of customer usage patterns, customer mix, meter reading schedules, weather, and etc. Unbilled revenue recognized as of September 30, 2025 and 2024 are ~~W~~2,067,054 million and ~~W~~2,138,161 million, respectively.

(vi) Construction contracts

The Group recognizes revenue over time using the cost-based input method which represents a faithful depiction of the Group’s progress towards complete satisfaction of providing the power plant construction, which has been identified as a single performance obligation. In applying the cost-based input method, it is necessary to use estimates and assumptions related to the Group’s efforts or inputs expected to be incurred. Costs incurred towards contract completion include costs associated with direct materials, labor, and other indirect costs related to contract performance. Judgment is required in estimating the costs expected to incur in completing the construction projects which involves estimating future materials, labor, contingencies and other related costs. Revenue is estimated based on the contractual amount; however, it can also be affected by uncertainties resulting from unexpected future events.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

2. Basis of Preparation, Continued
(5) Changes in accounting policies
--- ---

The Group has applied the following new accounting standards and amendments for their annual reporting period commencing January 1, 2025. The amendment has no significant impact on the Group’s condensed consolidated interim financial statements. The Group has not early adopted any other standards, interpretations or amendments that have been issued but not yet effective.

Amendments to KIFRS 1021 - lack of Exchangeability

The amendments to KIFRS 1021 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates specify how an entity should assess whether a currency is exchangeable and how it should determine a spot exchange rate when exchangeability is lacking. The amendments require disclosure of information that enables users of financial statements to understand the risk and impact of a currency not being exchangeable, or is expected to affect, an entity’s financial performance, financial position, and cash flows.

The amendments apply to annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2025. When applying this amendment, the Group does not restate comparative information.

This amendment has no significant impact on the consolidated interim financial statements.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

3. Material Accounting Policies

The accounting policies applied by the Group in these condensed consolidated financial statements are the same as those applied by the Group in its consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024, except for the changes described in Note 2.(5).

4. Segment, Geographic and Other Information
(1) Segment determination and explanation of the measurements
--- ---

The Group’s operating segments are its business components that generate discrete financial information that is reported to and regularly reviewed by chief operating decision maker of the Group for the purpose of resource allocation and assessment of segment performance. The Group’s reportable segments classified in accordance with KIFRS 1108 are “Transmission and distribution”, “Electric power generation (Nuclear)”, “Electric power generation (Non-nuclear)”, “Plant maintenance & engineering service” and “Others”; others mainly represent the business unit that manages the Group’s foreign operations.

Segment operating profit (loss) is determined in the same way that consolidated operating profit is determined under KIFRS without any adjustment for corporate allocations. The accounting policies used by each segment are consistent with the accounting policies used in the preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements. Segment assets and liabilities are determined based on separate financial statements of the entities instead of on a consolidated basis. There are various transactions between the reportable segments, including sales of property, plant and equipment and so on, that are conducted on an arm’s-length basis at market prices that would be applicable to an independent third party. For subsidiaries which are in a different segment from that of its immediate parent company, their carrying amount in separate financial statements is eliminated in the consolidating adjustments in the tables below. In addition, consolidation adjustments in the table below include adjustments of the amount of investment in associates and joint ventures from the cost basis amount reflected in segment assets to that determined using equity method in the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

4. Segment, Geographic and Other Information, Continued
(2) The financial information of the segments for each of the three and nine-month periods ended September 30,2025 and 2024, respectively, is as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
For the three and nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025
Segment Total<br>segment<br>revenue lntersegment<br>revenue Revenue<br>from<br>external<br>customers Operating<br>Profit (loss) Depreciation<br>and<br>amortization Interest<br>income Interest<br>expense Profit (loss) related toassociates, jointventures andsubsidiaries
Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Three-<br>month<br>periodended Nine-monthperiodended Three-monthperiod<br>ended Nine-monthperiodended Three-monthperiodended Nine-monthperiodended Three-monthperiodended Nine-monthperiodended Three-monthperiodended Nine-monthperiodended Three-monthperiodended Nine-monthperiodended Three-monthperiodended Nine-<br>monthperiodended
Transmission and distribution ~~W~~ 27,006,924 72,468,408 631,122 1,759,617 26,375,802 70,708,791 2,678,481 5,535,973 1,131,410 3,373,730 21,362 71,905 653,114 2,004,233 178,825 340,416
Electric power generation (Nuclear) 3,640,927 11,847,266 3,539,612 11,651,231 101,315 196,035 790,707 3,186,755 1,225,788 3,794,764 24,170 59,379 198,810 598,340 378 (9,306 )
Electric power generation (Non-nuclear) 9,263,218 22,315,366 8,557,597 20,488,716 705,621 1,826,650 2,095,624 2,661,107 1,046,884 3,120,175 9,233 31,995 164,507 503,554 58,427 199,907
Plant maintenance & engineering service 852,027 2,370,040 689,501 1,951,662 162,526 418,378 98,834 219,607 42,841 127,828 6,124 22,041 1,150 4,278 78 87
Others 578,819 1,663,736 351,699 1,067,084 227,120 596,652 77,104 116,686 56,789 173,909 69,184 189,168 70,578 232,743
Consolidation adjustments (13,769,531 ) (36,918,310 ) (13,769,531 ) (36,918,310 ) (88,838 ) (178,737 ) (37,399 ) (130,210 ) (13,108 ) (42,478 ) (19,982 ) (63,716 )
~~W~~ 27,572,384 73,746,506 27,572,384 73,746,506 5,651,912 11,541,391 3,466,313 10,460,196 116,965 332,010 1,068,177 3,279,432 237,708 531,104
In millions of won
For the three and nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2024
Segment Total<br>segment<br>revenue lntersegment<br>revenue Revenue<br>from<br>external<br>customers Operating<br>Profit (loss) Depreciation<br>and<br>amortization Interest<br>income Interest<br>expense Profit (loss) related toassociates, jointventures andsubsidiaries
Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-monthperiodended Three-monthperiodended Nine-monthperiodended Three-monthperiodended Nine-monthperiodended Three-monthperiodended Nine-monthperiodended Three-monthperiodended Nine-monthperiodended Three-monthperiodended Nine-monthperiodended Three-monthperiodended Nine-monthperiodended Three-monthperiodended Nine-monthperiodended
Transmission and distribution ~~W~~ 25,669,731 68,663,952 481,848 1,616,404 25,187,883 67,047,548 (773,717 ) 395,418 1,100,643 3,261,051 18,793 66,231 715,255 2,167,146 115,101 406,349
Electric power generation (Nuclear) 4,111,027 10,205,422 4,084,873 10,045,901 26,154 159,521 1,606,878 1,794,445 1,387,109 4,028,873 15,663 47,666 207,402 578,270 (5,994 ) (9,446 )
Electric power generation (Non-nuclear) 10,630,397 25,160,645 10,075,017 23,360,192 555,380 1,800,453 2,591,281 3,336,865 1,059,759 3,183,893 11,143 48,762 172,581 543,555 143,628 170,027
Plant maintenance & engineering service 734,706 2,353,096 560,853 1,954,252 173,853 398,844 78,137 306,310 41,683 121,569 6,583 18,523 1,612 5,177 (585 ) 185,260
Others 529,867 1,599,688 369,780 1,136,247 160,087 463,441 44,219 113,601 42,395 151,701 61,360 182,520 60,903 186,247
Consolidation adjustments (15,572,371 ) (38,112,996 ) (15,572,371 ) (38,112,996 ) (150,743 ) (979 ) (35,466 ) (127,293 ) (13,167 ) (39,958 ) (18,934 ) (57,464 )
~~W~~ 26,103,357 69,869,807 26,103,357 69,869,807 3,396,055 5,945,660 3,596,123 10,619,794 100,375 323,744 1,138,819 3,422,931 252,150 752,190

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

4. Segment, Geographic and Other Information, Continued
(3) The information related to segment assets and segment liabilities as of September 30, 2025 andDecember 31, 2024 is as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of September 30, 2025
Segment Segmentassets Investments inassociates and<br>joint ventures Acquisition of<br>non-current assets Segmentliabilities
Transmission and distribution ~~W~~ 142,771,973 8,458,667 6,686,464 118,583,348
Electric power generation (Nuclear) 76,472,361 162,283 1,811,172 49,420,636
Electric power generation (Non-nuclear) 64,347,749 4,480,395 3,155,965 34,918,890
Plant maintenance & engineering service 4,211,201 1,593 124,207 1,276,268
Others 16,778,912 189,160 6,915,359
Consolidation adjustments (51,490,652 ) 27,001 (5,774,287 )
~~W~~ 253,091,544 13,102,938 11,993,969 205,340,214
In millions of won
As of December 31, 2024
Segment Segmentassets Investments inassociates and<br>joint ventures Acquisition of<br>non-current assets Segmentliabilities
Transmission and distribution ~~W~~ 139,472,103 6,839,513 8,417,992 120,083,068
Electric power generation (Nuclear) 72,508,359 171,956 2,629,626 47,082,862
Electric power generation (Non-nuclear) 66,834,569 4,272,928 3,862,287 36,363,754
Plant maintenance & engineering service 4,522,610 1,697 160,978 1,508,112
Others 14,977,126 195,451 7,073,716
Consolidation adjustments (51,506,972 ) (185,981 ) (6,666,550 )
~~W~~ 246,807,795 11,286,094 15,080,353 205,444,962

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

4. Segment, Geographic and Other Information, Continued
(4) Geographic information
--- ---

Electricity sales, the main operations of the Group, are conducted in the Republic of Korea. The following information on revenue from external customers and non-current assets is determined by the location of the customers and of the assets:

In millions of won Revenue from external customers Non-current assets (*2)
September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024 September 30,<br>2025 December 31,<br>2024
Geographical unit Three-month periodended Nine-<br>month period<br>ended Three-<br>month period<br>ended Nine-<br>month period<br>ended
Domestic ~~W~~ 27,293,486 73,008,904 25,844,430 69,171,416 194,645,845 191,214,679
Overseas (*1) 278,898 737,602 258,927 698,391 6,503,082 4,757,463
~~W~~ 27,572,384 73,746,506 26,103,357 69,869,807 201,148,927 195,972,142
(*1) Middle East and other Asian countries make up the majority of overseas revenue and non-current assets. Since<br>the overseas revenue or non-current assets attributable to particular countries are not material, they are not disclosed individually.
--- ---
(*2) The amounts exclude financial assets, deferred tax assets and defined benefit assets.
--- ---
(5) Information on significant customers
--- ---

There is no single customer who accounts for 10% or more of the Group’s revenue for each of the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

5. Classification of Financial Instruments
(1) The classification of financial assets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is asfollows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Financial assets atfair value throughprofit or loss Financial assetsat fair valuethrough othercomprehensiveincome Financial assetsat amortized cost Derivative assets(applying hedgeaccounting) Total
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents ~~W~~ 2,275,359 2,275,359
Current financial assets
Current financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 2,496,263 2,496,263
Current financial assets at amortized costs 21,067 21,067
Current derivative assets 394,998 287,174 682,172
Other financial assets 2,678,754 2,678,754
Trade and other receivables 12,219,551 12,219,551
2,891,261 17,194,731 287,174 20,373,166
Non-current assets
Non-current financial assets
Non-current financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 727,097 727,097
Non-current financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 814,875 814,875
Non-current financial assets at amortized costs 10,135 10,135
Non-current derivative assets 857,198 92,677 949,875
Other financial assets 1,608,748 1,608,748
Trade and other receivables 3,213,902 3,213,902
1,584,295 814,875 4,832,785 92,677 7,324,632
~~W~~ 4,475,556 814,875 22,027,516 379,851 27,697,798

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

5. Classification of Financial Instruments, Continued
(1) The classification of financial assets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is asfollows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Financial assets atfair value throughprofit or loss Financial assetsat fair valuethrough othercomprehensiveincome Financial assetsat amortized cost Derivative assets(applying hedgeaccounting) Total
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents ~~W~~ 2,382,979 2,382,979
Current financial assets
Current financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 1,456,895 1,456,895
Current financial assets at amortized costs 20,418 20,418
Current derivative assets 396,477 364,077 760,554
Other financial assets 1,256,850 1,256,850
Trade and other receivables 12,216,216 12,216,216
1,853,372 15,876,463 364,077 18,093,912
Non-current assets
Non-current financial assets
Non-current financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 719,277 719,277
Non-current financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 674,850 674,850
Non-current financial assets at amortized costs 9,815 9,815
Non-current derivative assets 1,450,050 480,560 1,930,610
Other financial assets 1,611,438 1,611,438
Trade and other receivables 3,157,409 3,157,409
2,169,327 674,850 4,778,662 480,560 8,103,399
~~W~~ 4,022,699 674,850 20,655,125 844,637 26,197,311

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

5. Classification of Financial Instruments, Continued
(2) The classification of financial liabilities as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is asfollows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Financial liabilities atfair value throughprofit or loss Financial liabilitiesrecognized at amortized cost Derivative liabilities(applying hedgeaccounting) Total
Current liabilities
Borrowings ~~W~~ 19,674,371 19,674,371
Debt securities 26,104,518 26,104,518
Derivative liabilities 48,753 48,753
Trade and other payables 8,752,691 8,752,691
48,753 54,531,580 54,580,333
Non-current liabilities
Borrowings 3,232,474 3,232,474
Debt securities 81,467,016 81,467,016
Derivative liabilities 278,083 278,083
Trade and other payables 4,217,420 4,217,420
278,083 88,916,910 89,194,993
~~W~~ 326,836 143,448,490 143,775,326
In millions of won As of December 31, 2024
Financial liabilities atfair value throughprofit or loss Financial liabilitiesrecognized at amortized cost Derivative liabilities(applying hedgeaccounting) Total
Current liabilities
Borrowings ~~W~~ 17,540,585 17,540,585
Debt securities 26,901,367 26,901,367
Derivative liabilities 23,914 23,914
Trade and other payables 9,411,315 9,411,315
23,914 53,853,267 53,877,181
Non-current liabilities
Borrowings 3,118,796 3,118,796
Debt securities 84,972,652 84,972,652
Derivative liabilities 256,018 4,893 260,911
Trade and other payables 4,609,241 4,609,241
256,018 92,700,689 4,893 92,961,600
~~W~~ 279,932 146,553,956 4,893 146,838,781

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

5. Classification of Financial Instruments, Continued
(3) The classification of comprehensive income (loss) from financial instruments for each of the three andnine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 is as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Three-monthperiod<br>ended Nine-<br>monthperiodended Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>monthperiodended
Cash and cash equivalents Interest income ~~W~~ 25,552 77,616 34,610 107,632
Gain (loss) on foreign currency transactions and translations 11,144 (7,405 ) (16,206 ) (7,063 )
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss Interest income 7,010 26,730 143 40,089
Dividend income 53 3,181 73 2,371
Gain on valuation of financial assets 18,047 52,449 19,003 68,671
Gain on disposal of financial assets 8,794 25,607 8,679 29,164
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income Dividend income 1,321 21,514 1,296 9,872
Gain on valuation of financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (equity,<br>before tax) 90,186 142,365 21,490 125,681
Financial assets at amortized cost Interest income 714 1,227 659 1,924
Gain (loss) on foreign currency transactions and translations 934 (2,437 ) (2,180 ) 1,715
Loans Interest income 11,762 29,779 11,999 31,586
Bad debt expense (Reversal of allowance for doubtful accounts) 1,340 1,442 (4,903 ) (13,188 )
Gain (loss) on foreign currency transactions and translations 430 (1,394 ) (2,908 ) 408
Trade and other receivables Interest income 51,841 137,729 31,982 106,968
Bad debt expense 27,607 53,308 21,798 61,886
Gain (loss) on foreign currency transactions and translations 9,547 (29,585 ) 14,664 7,162
Short-term financial instruments Interest income 14,444 39,631 9,121 14,948
Long-term financial instruments Interest income 5,637 19,162 11,808 20,443
Gain (loss) on foreign currency transactions and translations (2 ) 1
Other financial assets Interest income 4 136 53 154
Financial liabilities carried at amortized cost Interest expense of borrowings and debt securities 856,229 2,643,309 934,315 2,788,485
Interest expense of trade and other Payables 41,383 126,549 31,538 117,863
Interest expense of others 170,564 509,574 172,966 516,583
Other finance income 1,020 2,530 4,593 6,383
Other finance expenses (712 ) 84 23 270
Gain (loss) on foreign currency transactions and translations (561,325 ) 1,051,554 965,307 (412,761 )
Derivatives (trading) Gain (loss) on valuation of derivatives 458,567 (315,954 ) (493,863 ) 274,051
Gain (loss) on transaction of derivatives 45,115 (9,594 ) 12,913 130,235
Derivatives (applying hedge accounting) Gain (loss) on valuation of derivatives (profit or loss) 96,477 (121,009 ) (246,526 ) 115,003
Gain on valuation of derivatives (equity, before tax) 8,818 27,448 54,882 51,443
Gain (loss) on transaction of derivatives 7,685 (60,622 ) 7,370 16,791

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

6. Restricted Deposits

Restricted deposits as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won As ofSeptember 30,2025 As ofDecember<br>31, 2024
Cash and cash equivalents Escrow accounts ~~W~~ 3,028 3,280
Deposits for government project and others 49,436 30,812
Collateral provided for borrowings 232,962 211,522
Collateral provided for lawsuit 332 54
Deposits for transmission regional support program 5,912 8,959
Deposits for other business purposes 7,556 4,187
Short-term financial instruments Restriction on withdrawal related to ‘win-win growth program’ for small and medium<br>enterprises and others 280,500 83,520
Collateral provided for borrowings 70,324 85,569
Other current financial assets Deposits for Other Business Purposes and others 5,930
Non-current financial assets at fair value through profit or loss Decommissioning costs of nuclear power plants 327,493 296,496
Long-term financial instruments Guarantee deposits for banking accounts at oversea branches 1 22
Collateral provided for borrowings 18,245 6,500
Decommissioning costs of nuclear power plants 650,000 660,000
Small and Medium Enterprise Development Fund 4,000
Long-term deposit Court Deposit 78
Other non-current financial assets Deposits for other business purposes 9,150
~~W~~ 1,655,797 1,400,071
7. Cash and Cash Equivalents
--- ---

Cash and cash equivalents as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won As ofSeptember 30, 2025 As ofDecember 31, 2024
Cash ~~W~~ 42,811 17,941
Other demand deposits 1,679,646 1,712,130
Short-term deposits classified as cash equivalents 502,768 548,611
Short-term investments classified as cash equivalents 50,134 104,297
~~W~~ 2,275,359 2,382,979

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

8. Trade and Other Receivables
(1) Trade and other receivables as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Gross amount Allowance for<br>doubtful accounts Present value<br>discount Book value
Current assets
Trade receivables ~~W~~ 11,194,918 (202,759 ) 10,992,159
Other receivables 1,274,601 (43,501 ) (3,708 ) 1,227,392
12,469,519 (246,260 ) (3,708 ) 12,219,551
Non-current assets
Trade receivables 1,044,385 (93,772 ) 950,613
Other receivables 2,370,687 (98,090 ) (9,308 ) 2,263,289
3,415,072 (191,862 ) (9,308 ) 3,213,902
~~W~~ 15,884,591 (438,122 ) (13,016 ) 15,433,453
In millions of won As of December 31, 2024
Gross amount Allowance for<br>doubtful accounts Present value<br>discount Book value
Current assets
Trade receivables ~~W~~ 11,266,202 (167,028 ) 11,099,174
Other receivables 1,160,945 (39,817 ) (4,086 ) 1,117,042
12,427,147 (206,845 ) (4,086 ) 12,216,216
Non-current assets
Trade receivables 1,089,787 (93,746 ) 996,041
Other receivables 2,272,127 (100,351 ) (10,408 ) 2,161,368
3,361,914 (194,097 ) (10,408 ) 3,157,409
~~W~~ 15,789,061 (400,942 ) (14,494 ) 15,373,625

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

8. Trade and Other Receivables, Continued
(2) Other receivables as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Gross amount Allowance for<br>doubtful accounts Present valuediscount Book value
Current assets
Non-trade receivables ~~W~~ 668,326 (37,305 ) (319 ) 630,702
Accrued income 89,226 (1 ) 89,225
Deposits 289,262 (3,389 ) 285,873
Finance lease receivables (*1) 97,793 (4,902 ) 92,891
Others 129,994 (1,293 ) 128,701
1,274,601 (43,501 ) (3,708 ) 1,227,392
Non-current assets
Non-trade receivables 410,627 (52,415 ) (197 ) 358,015
Accrued income 68,695 (6,320 ) 62,375
Deposits 500,535 (414 ) (9,111 ) 491,010
Finance lease receivables (*2) 1,160,421 (2,253 ) 1,158,168
Others 230,409 (36,688 ) 193,721
2,370,687 (98,090 ) (9,308 ) 2,263,289
~~W~~ 3,645,288 (141,591 ) (13,016 ) 3,490,681
(*1) The gross amount of finance lease receivables is the net lease investment by deducting unearned finance income<br>of ~~W~~110,951 million.
--- ---
(*2) The gross amount of finance lease receivables is the net lease investment by deducting unearned finance income<br>of ~~W~~828,635 million.
--- ---
In millions of won As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Gross amount Allowance for<br>doubtful accounts Present valuediscount Book value
Current assets
Non-trade receivables ~~W~~ 403,248 (35,041 ) (21 ) 368,186
Accrued income 112,941 112,941
Deposits 293,712 (4 ) (4,065 ) 289,643
Finance lease receivables (*1) 92,130 (3,480 ) 88,650
Others 258,914 (1,292 ) 257,622
1,160,945 (39,817 ) (4,086 ) 1,117,042
Non-current assets
Non-trade receivables 243,813 (62,222 ) (41 ) 181,550
Accrued income 21,395 21,395
Deposits 486,868 (414 ) (10,367 ) 476,087
Finance lease receivables (*2) 1,264,269 (1,775 ) 1,262,494
Others 255,782 (35,940 ) 219,842
2,272,127 (100,351 ) (10,408 ) 2,161,368
~~W~~ 3,433,072 (140,168 ) (14,494 ) 3,278,410
(*1) The gross amount of finance lease receivables is the net lease investment by deducting unearned finance income<br>of ~~W~~121,170 million.
--- ---
(*2) The gross amount of finance lease receivables is the net lease investment by deducting unearned finance income<br>of ~~W~~956,968 million.
--- ---
(3) Trade and other receivables are classified as financial assets at amortized cost and are measured using the<br>effective interest rate method. No interest is accrued for trade receivables related to electricity for the duration between the billing date and the payment due dates. However, once trade receivables are overdue, the Group imposes a monthly<br>interest rate of 1.5% on the overdue trade receivables. The Group holds deposits of three months’ expected electricity usage for customers requesting temporary usage and customers whose contracts have been cancelled due to delinquent payments.<br>
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

8. Trade and Other Receivables, Continued
(4) The aging analysis of trade receivables as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is asfollows:
--- ---
In millions of won As ofSeptember 30, 2025 As ofDecember 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Trade receivables not overdue ~~W~~ 11,873,550 12,010,590
Trade receivables overdue and impairment-reviewed: 365,753 345,399
Less than 60 days 14,565 12,289
60 ~ 90 days 51,072 59,427
90 ~ 120 days 12,239 21,642
120 days ~ 1 year 66,495 56,107
More than 1 year 221,382 195,934
12,239,303 12,355,989
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts (296,531 ) (260,774 )
~~W~~ 11,942,772 12,095,215

At the end of each reporting period, the Group assesses whether the trade receivables are impaired. The Group recognizes loss allowances for trade receivables individually when there is any objective evidence that other receivables are impaired and significant and classifies the trade receivables that are not individually assessed as the trade receivables subject to be assessed on a collective basis. Also, the Group recognizes loss allowances based on an expected credit loss (ECL) model.

(5) Changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 andfor the year ended December 31, 2024 are as follows:
In millions of won For the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025 For the year ended<br>December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Trade receivables Other receivables Trade receivables Other receivables
Beginning balance ~~W~~ 260,774 140,168 232,645 133,953
Bad debts expense 54,782 6,630 48,160 21,937
Write-off (14,771 ) (5,928 ) (17,157 ) (23,177 )
Reversal (1,075 ) (7,029 ) (12,928 ) (587 )
Others (3,179 ) 7,750 10,054 8,042
Ending balance ~~W~~ 296,531 141,591 260,774 140,168

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

9. Financial Assets at Fair Value through Profit or Loss

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
Current Non-current Current Non-current
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
Beneficiary certificate ~~W~~ 320 187,320 313 152,054
Cooperative 6,409 6,872
Others (*) 2,495,943 387,661 1,456,582 405,309
2,496,263 581,390 1,456,895 564,235
Financial assets designated as at fair value through profit or loss
Debt with embedded derivatives and others 145,707 155,042
~~W~~ 2,496,263 727,097 1,456,895 719,277
(*) Others include MMT, MMF etc.
--- ---

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

10. Financial Assets at Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income
(1) Changes in financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income for the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginningbalance Acquisition Disposal Valuation Others Ending<br>balance
Equity securities
Listed ~~W~~ 360,096 (3,091 ) 142,954 499,959
Unlisted 309,709 (9 ) (589 ) 760 309,871
669,805 (3,100 ) 142,365 760 809,830
Debt securities
Corporate bond 5,045 5,045
~~W~~ 674,850 (3,100 ) 142,365 760 814,875
Current financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income ~~W~~
Non-current financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 674,850 (3,100 ) 142,365 760 814,875
In millions of won For the year ended December 31, 2024
Beginningbalance Acquisition Disposal Valuation Others Ending<br>balance
Equity securities
Listed ~~W~~ 285,054 (170 ) 73,891 1,321 360,096
Unlisted 212,762 4,000 88,256 4,691 309,709
497,816 4,000 (170 ) 162,147 6,012 669,805
Debt securities
Corporate bond 4,627 418 5,045
~~W~~ 502,443 4,000 (170 ) 162,565 6,012 674,850
Current financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income ~~W~~
Non-current financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 502,443 4,000 (170 ) 162,565 6,012 674,850

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

10. Financial Assets at Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income, Continued
(2) Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income as of September 30, 2025 andDecember 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Shares(in shares) Ownership Acquisition cost Book value Fair value
Listed
Korea District Heating Corp. 2,264,068 19.55 % ~~W~~ 173,201 204,445 204,445
KG Mobility Co., Ltd. 12,205 0.01 % 428 40 40
SM Korea Line Corp. 180 0.00 % 1
Namkwang Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd. 46 0.00 % 15
Bumyang Construction Co., Ltd. 35 0.00 % 2
ELCOMTEC Co., Ltd. 32,875 0.04 % 217 30 30
PAN Ocean Co., Ltd. 1,492 0.00 % 14 6 6
Codes Combine Co., Ltd. 291 0.00 % 1 1 1
PT Almatri Resources Indonesia 480,000,000 1.60 % 65,028 68,222 68,222
Denison Mines Corp. 58,284,000 7.46 % 84,134 224,944 224,944
Paladin Energy 10,760 0.01 % 41 81 81
KS Industry Co., Ltd 1,457 0.01 % 38 1 1
Vitzrosys Co., Ltd. 399 0.00 % 2
EMnI Co., Ltd. 628 0.00 % 25 1 1
Vissem electronics, Co., Ltd. 301 0.00 % 11 2 2
KC Industry Co., Ltd. 139 0.00 % 6
Ihsung CNI Co., Ltd. 142,860 4.43 % 1,500 829 829
Aone Alform Co., Ltd. 2,672 0.04 % 19 3 3
Kodaco Co., Ltd. 131,698 0.85 % 1,317 1,354 1,354
326,000 499,959 499,959
Unlisted (*1)
Set Holding (*2) 1,100,220 2.50 % 229,255 258,974 258,974
SGC Greenpower Co., Ltd. 580,000 5.00 % 2,900 5,569 5,569
Le Soleil KHNP LLC 137,600 19.00 % 1,376 1,376 1,376
Ihsung CNI Co., Ltd. 127,660 3.96 % 1,500 2,160 2,160
H Robotics Co., Ltd. 903,601 7.05 % 4,000 332 332
Good Tcells Co., Ltd. 11,364 0.33 % 500 571 571
IPS Bio Co., Ltd. 1,975 3.13 % 1,000 896 896
Nine B Co., Ltd. 5,000 4.96 % 1,000 1,000 1,000
Orano Expansion 5,742,405 4.72 %
Common Computer Co., Ltd. 3,856 1.64 % 1,000 1,189 1,189
Fine Powerex Co., Ltd. 72,633 4.45 % 1,500 1,610 1,610
Agencore Co., Ltd. 175,779 7.39 % 2,200 2,514 2,514
SamHong Machinery Co., Ltd. 1,543,837 9.13 % 7,000 8,318 8,318
Aloha Factory Co., Ltd. 2,970 3.70 % 1,000 552 552
Dailyshot Co., Ltd. 1,695 1.66 % 1,001 1,250 1,250
Mediquitous Co., Ltd. 5,080 0.49 % 1,250 1,442 1,442
Black Materials Co., Ltd. 37,038 8.31 % 500 500 500
Monit Co., Ltd. 333,334 14.29 % 1,000 1,000 1,000
3i Powergen Inc. (*6) 15.00 % 1,482
Enersys Co., Ltd. 9,763 19.62 % 2,050 2,050 2,050
Kalman Co., Ltd. 23,172 9.54 % 1,000 1,000 1,000
Himet Co., Ltd. 1,754,386 13.93 % 5,000 5,000 5,000
PT.KedapSayaaq 671 10.00 % 18,540
Joongang Platec Co., Ltd. 3,591 0.75 % 72 35 35
Pioneer Gas Power Limited (*5) 123,200,010 38.50 % 49,831
Bobaek C&S Co., Ltd. 13,246 0.87 % 2,000 2,000 2,000
BDI Co., Ltd. (*3,4) 6,390,478 32.50 %
Hwan Young Steel Co., Ltd. and others (*7) 14,371 10,533 10,533
352,328 309,871 309,871

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

10. Financial Assets at Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income, Continued
(2) Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income as of September 30, 2025 andDecember 31, 2024 are as follows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Shares(in shares) Ownership Acquisition cost Book value Fair value
Debt securities (*1)
Aron Flying Ship Co., Ltd. ~~W~~ 491 535 535
Ino Platech Co., Ltd. 1,080 1,194 1,194
Daebon Tech Co., Ltd. 3,000 3,316 3,316
4,571 5,045 5,045
~~W~~ 682,899 814,875 814,875
(*1) The Group used initial cost as their fair value because there was not enough information to determine fair<br>value, and the range of the estimated fair value is wide.
--- ---
(*2) The Group has estimated the fair value of Set Holding by using the income approach and has recognized the<br>difference between its fair value and book value as gain or loss on valuation of financial assets at FVOCI in other comprehensive income or loss during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025.
--- ---
(*3) The Group acquired shares in the entity through conversion of investments performed in accordance with<br>corporate rehabilitation procedures before the prior year, and classified the investments in the entity as financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income as the Group does not hold a significant influence over the entity until the<br>corporate rehabilitation procedures are completed.
--- ---
(*4) During the year ended December 31, 2024, BDI Co., Ltd. was delisted as the Court dismissed the application<br>for temporary injunction requiring the suspension of delisting decision and others.
--- ---
(*5) The entity is undergoing corporate rehabilitation procedures for the nine-month period ended September 30,<br>2025 and the Group cannot hold significant influence over the entity until the corporate rehabilitation procedures are completed. Therefore, investments in the entity were reclassified as financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive<br>income.
--- ---
(*6) The Group has recognized an impairment loss on 3i Powergen Inc. for the difference between the carrying amount<br>and the recoverable amount, due to the discontinuation of its operations.
--- ---
(*7) Equity securities, acquired through debt-for-equity swaps of electricity rate bonds and others, consist of 489<br>companies including Hwan Young Steel Co., Ltd.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

10. Financial Assets at Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income, Continued
(2) Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income as of September 30, 2025 andDecember 31, 2024 are as follows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Shares(in shares) Ownership Acquisition cost Book value Fair value
Listed
Korea District Heating Corp. 2,264,068 19.55 % ~~W~~ 173,201 93,733 93,733
KG Mobility Co., Ltd. 12,205 0.01 % 428 46 46
SM Korea Line Corp. 180 0.00 % 1
Namkwang Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd. 46 0.00 % 15
Bumyang Construction Co., Ltd. 35 0.00 % 2
ELCOMTEC Co., Ltd. 32,875 0.04 % 217 34 34
PAN Ocean Co., Ltd. 1,492 0.00 % 14 5 5
HD Hyundai Marine Engine Co., Ltd. 61,455 0.22 % 430 1,503 1,503
Codes Combine Co., Ltd. 291 0.00 % 1
PT Almatri Resources Indonesia 480,000,000 1.60 % 65,028 106,259 106,259
Denison Mines Corp. 58,284,000 7.46 % 84,134 155,766 155,766
Paladin Energy 100,000 0.01 % 41 74 74
KS Industry Co., Ltd 1,457 0.01 % 38 3 3
Vitzrosys Co., Ltd. 399 0.00 % 2
EMnI Co., Ltd. 628 0.00 % 25 1 1
Vissem electronics, Co., Ltd. 301 0.00 % 11 1 1
KC Industry Co., Ltd. 139 0.00 % 6
Aone Alform Co., Ltd. 2,672 0.04 % 19 3 3
Ihsung CNI Co., Ltd. 142,860 4.43 % 1,500 1,314 1,314
Kodaco Co., Ltd. 131,698 0.85 % 1,317 1,354 1,354
326,430 360,096 360,096
Unlisted (*1)
Set Holding (*2) 1,100,220 2.50 % 229,255 258,974 258,974
SGC Greenpower Co., Ltd. 580,000 5.00 % 2,900 5,570 5,570
Le Soleil KHNP LLC 137,600 19.00 % 1,376 1,376 1,376
Ihsung CNI Co., Ltd. 127,660 3.96 % 1,500 2,160 2,160
H Robotics Co., Ltd. 903,601 7.05 % 4,000 331 331
Good Tcells Co., Ltd. 11,364 0.33 % 500 571 571
IPS Bio Co., Ltd. 1,975 3.13 % 1,000 896 896
Nine B Co., Ltd. 5,000 4.96 % 1,000 1,000 1,000
Orano Expansion 5,742,405 4.72 %
Common Computer Co., Ltd. 3,856 1.64 % 1,000 1,189 1,189
Fine Powerex Co., Ltd. 72,633 4.58 % 1,500 1,610 1,610
Agencore Co., Ltd. 175,779 8.08 % 2,200 2,514 2,514
SamHong Machinery Co., Ltd. 617,535 11.06 % 7,000 8,318 8,318
Aloha Factory Co., Ltd. 2,970 3.70 % 1,000 552 552
Dailyshot Co., Ltd. 1,695 1.85 % 1,001 1,250 1,250
Mediquitous Co., Ltd. 5,080 0.58 % 1,250 1,442 1,442
Black Materials Co., Ltd. 37,038 8.31 % 500 500 500
Monit Co., Ltd. 166,667 7.14 % 1,000 1,000 1,000
3i Powergen Inc. (*6) 15.00 % 1,482
Enersys Co., Ltd. 9,763 19.62 % 2,050 2,050 2,050
Kalman Co., Ltd. 23,172 9.54 % 1,000 1,000 1,000
Himet Co., Ltd. 1,754,386 13.93 % 5,000 5,000 5,000
PT.KedapSayaaq 671 10.00 % 18,540
Joongang Platec Co., Ltd. 3,591 0.75 % 72 35 35
Pioneer Gas Power Limited (*5) 123,200,010 38.50 % 49,831
Bobaek C&S Co., Ltd. 13,246 0.87 % 2,000 2,000 2,000
BDI Co., Ltd. (*3,4) 6,390,478 32.50 %
Hwan Young Steel Co., Ltd. and others (*7) 14,234 10,371 10,371
352,191 309,709 309,709

29

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

10. Financial Assets at Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income, Continued
(2) Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income as of September 30, 2025 andDecember 31, 2024 are as follows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Shares(in shares) Ownership Acquisition cost Book value Fair value
Debt securities (*1)
Aron Flying Ship Co., Ltd. ~~W~~ 491 535 535
Ino Platech Co., Ltd. 1,080 1,194 1,194
Daebon Tech Co., Ltd. 3,000 3,316 3,316
4,571 5,045 5,045
~~W~~ 683,192 674,850 674,850
(*1) The Group used initial cost as their fair value because there was not enough information to determine fair<br>value, and the range of the estimated fair value is wide.
--- ---
(*2) The Group has estimated the fair value of Set Holding by using the income approach and has recognized the<br>difference between its fair value and book value as gain or loss on valuation of financial assets at FVOCI in other comprehensive income or loss during the year ended December 31, 2024.
--- ---
(*3) The Group acquired shares in the entity through conversion of investments performed in accordance with<br>corporate rehabilitation procedures before the prior year, and classified the investments in the entity as financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income as the Group does not hold a significant influence over the entity until the<br>corporate rehabilitation procedures are completed.
--- ---
(*4) During the year ended December 31, 2024, BDI Co., Ltd. was delisted as the Court dismissed the application<br>for temporary injunction requiring the suspension of delisting decision and others.
--- ---
(*5) The entity underwent corporate rehabilitation procedures during the year ended December 31, 2024, and the<br>Group cannot hold significant influence over the entity until the corporate rehabilitation procedures are completed. Therefore, investments in the entity were reclassified as financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income.<br>
--- ---
(*6) The Group has recognized an impairment loss on 3i Powergen Inc. for the difference between the carrying amount<br>and the recoverable amount, due to the discontinuation of its operations.
--- ---
(*7) Equity securities, acquired through debt-for-equity swaps of electricity rate bonds and others, consist of 464<br>companies including Hwan Young Steel Co., Ltd.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

11. Financial Assets at Amortized Cost

Financial assets at amortized cost as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won As of September 30, 2025
Financial assetsat amortized cost Book value
Government bonds ~~W~~ 1,399 1,399
Others 29,803 29,803
~~W~~ 31,202 31,202
Current ~~W~~ 21,067 21,067
Non-current 10,135 10,135
In millions of won As of December 31, 2024
Financial assetsat amortized cost Book value
Government bonds ~~W~~ 1,160 1,160
Others 29,073 29,073
~~W~~ 30,233 30,233
Current ~~W~~ 20,418 20,418
Non-current 9,815 9,815

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

12. Derivatives
(1) Derivatives as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Current Non-current Current Non-current
Derivative assets
Currency forward ~~W~~ 3,610 12,153
Currency swap 666,727 659,973 733,374 1,630,570
Interest rate swap 1,602 161,865 9,571 176,138
Others (*2,3) 10,233 128,037 5,456 123,902
~~W~~ 682,172 949,875 760,554 1,930,610
Derivative liabilities
Currency forward ~~W~~ 216 132
Currency swap 14,564 97,052 1,640 36,328
Interest rate swap 387 68,407 127 76,356
Others (*1,2,4,5) 33,586 112,624 22,015 148,227
~~W~~ 48,753 278,083 23,914 260,911
(*1) In relation to the agreement to purchase hybrid bonds issued by Samcheok Eco Materials Co., Ltd., a joint<br>venture of the Group, the performance obligation as of September 30, 2025 which amounts to ~~W~~26,422 million (~~W~~26,422 million as of December 31, 2024) to the underwriter of the bonds was recorded<br>as other derivative liabilities.
--- ---
(*2) The Group recorded the fair value of derivatives in accordance with the shareholders’ agreement of its<br>associate, Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd., as other derivatives assets and liabilities. Also, the fair value of derivatives under the power purchase agreement of the subsidiary, Elara Energy Project, LLC, has been recognized as other derivative<br>liabilities.
--- ---
(*3) The Group recorded the fair value of derivatives regarding the Power Purchase Agreement (“PPA”) of<br>its subsidiary Columboola Solar Farm Hold Co Pty., Ltd. as other derivative assets.
--- ---
(*4) The Group entered into a Price Return Swap (PRS) contract to exchange gains or losses arising from fluctuations<br>in the stock price of its subsidiary, KEPCO Engineering & Construction Company, Inc. The settlement of the PRS contract was completed during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025, and the Group recognized a gain on transaction<br>of derivative instruments of ~~W~~37,572 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025.
--- ---
(*5) The Group recorded the fair value of derivatives in accordance with the shareholders’ agreement of its<br>joint venture, Wadi Noor Solar Power, as other derivative liabilities.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

12. Derivatives, Continued
(2) Currency forward contracts which are not designated as hedging instruments as of September 30, 2025 are asfollows:
--- ---

In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies except contract exchange rate information

Counterparty Contract<br>date Maturity<br>date Contract amounts Contract<br>exchange rate<br>(in won)
Pay Receive
Busan Bank 2025.09.15 2025.10.02 ~~W~~ 8,333 USD 6,000 ~~W~~ 1,388.80
Morgan Stanley 2025.09.05 2025.10.10 13,909 USD 10,000 1,390.90
Hana Bank 2025.09.10 2025.10.16 13,853 USD 10,000 1,385.30
Mizuho Bank 2025.09.10 2025.10.14 13,868 USD 10,000 1,386.80
Hana Bank 2025.09.15 2025.10.17 13,863 USD 10,000 1,386.30
Kyongnam Bank 2025.09.16 2025.10.21 13,838 USD 10,000 1,383.80
shinhan Bank 2025.09.29 2025.10.02 12,597 USD 9,000 1,399.70
Woori Bank 2025.09.29 2025.10.23 12,590 USD 9,000 1,398.90
Standard Chartered 2025.09.30 2025.10.24 11,210 USD 8,000 1,401.30
Morgan Stanley 2025.09.30 2025.10.28 16,834 USD 12,000 1,402.80
Busan Bank 2025.09.30 2025.10.30 16,839 USD 12,000 1,403.30
Mizuho Bank 2025.09.16 2025.10.10 13,808 USD 10,000 1,380.80
Hana Bank 2025.09.16 2025.10.10 9,666 USD 7,000 1,380.79
JP Morgan 2025.09.16 2025.10.10 8,286 USD 6,000 1,380.95
Kookmin Bank 2025.09.18 2025.10.10 13,836 USD 10,000 1,383.60
shinhan Bank 2025.09.22 2025.10.14 11,141 USD 8,000 1,392.63
Nonghyup Bank 2025.09.24 2025.10.14 9,757 USD 7,000 1,393.90
Mizuho Bank 2025.09.24 2025.10.14 9,757 USD 7,000 1,393.88
JP Morgan 2025.09.29 2025.10.23 4,203 USD 3,000 1,401.10
Mizuho Bank 2025.09.29 2025.10.23 4,203 USD 3,000 1,400.99
Hana Bank 2025.09.29 2025.10.23 4,203 USD 3,000 1,400.98
Nonghyup Bank 2025.09.30 2025.10.23 8,413 USD 6,000 1,402.10
Korea Development Bank 2025.09.30 2025.10.23 7,010 USD 5,000 1,401.95
MUFG 2025.07.16 2026.01.16 6,585 JPY 700,000 9.41
MUFG 2025.09.04 2026.01.08 6,621 JPY 700,000 9.46
Nonghyup Bank 2025.09.12 2025.10.21 4,574 USD 3,300 1,386.05
MUFG 2025.09.12 2025.10.21 3,742 USD 2,700 1,386.05
JP Morgan 2025.09.16 2025.10.23 6,886 USD 5,000 1,377.15
MUFG 2025.09.17 2025.10.23 6,888 USD 5,000 1,377.62
MUFG 2025.09.25 2025.10.01 7,002 USD 5,000 1,400.40
Nonghyup Bank 2025.09.26 2025.10.31 7,049 USD 5,000 1,409.70
MUFG 2025.09.26 2025.10.31 7,049 USD 5,000 1,409.75
JP Morgan 2025.09.26 2025.10.31 7,049 USD 5,000 1,409.70
Nonghyup Bank 2025.09.29 2025.11.03 7,001 USD 5,000 1,400.20
MUFG 2025.09.29 2025.11.03 7,001 USD 5,000 1,400.22
Nonghyup Bank 2025.09.30 2025.11.04 7,006 USD 5,000 1,401.20
JP Morgan 2025.09.30 2025.11.04 7,006 USD 5,000 1,401.20
Bank of America 2025.08.28 2025.10.14 5,540 USD 4,000 1,385.00
SMBC 2025.09.01 2025.10.23 8,342 USD 6,000 1,390.34
shinhan Bank 2025.09.03 2025.10.14 2,689 USD 1,937 1,388.20
Nonghyup Bank 2025.09.08 2025.10.27 5,543 USD 4,000 1,385.80
Nonghyup Bank 2025.09.29 2025.10.27 11,190 USD 8,000 1,398.71
JP Morgan 2025.09.03 2025.10.14 3,326 USD 2,395 1,388.70
JP Morgan 2025.09.17 2025.10.02 6,894 USD 5,000 1,378.70
Citi Bank 2025.09.10 2025.10.27 4,152 USD 3,000 1,384.10
Hana Bank 2025.09.15 2025.10.23 8,317 USD 6,000 1,386.19
Nonghyup Bank 2025.07.18 2025.11.27 6,912 USD 5,000 1,382.48
shinhan Bank 2025.09.05 2025.11.28 767 USD 555 1,382.61
Woori Bank 2025.09.16 2025.12.03 6,900 USD 5,000 1,379.90
shinhan Bank 2025.09.16 2025.12.05 6,899 USD 5,000 1,379.88
MUFG 2025.09.16 2025.12.05 6,893 USD 5,000 1,378.55
Bank of America 2025.09.16 2025.12.05 6,891 USD 5,000 1,378.25
Hana Bank 2025.09.16 2025.12.05 6,890 USD 5,000 1,377.90
Busan Bank 2025.09.16 2025.12.05 6,889 USD 5,000 1,377.70
HSBC 2025.09.16 2025.12.05 6,873 USD 5,000 1,374.50

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

12. Derivatives, Continued
(3) Currency swap contracts which are not designated as hedging instruments as of September 30, 2025 are asfollows:
--- ---

In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies except contract exchange rate information

Counterparty Contract year Contract amount Contract interest rate Contractexchange rate(in won)
Pay Receive Pay Receive
Standard Chartered 2014~2029 ~~W~~ 102,470 USD 100,000 3.14 % 3.57 % ~~W~~ 1,024.70
Woori Bank 2019~2027 21,708 USD 19,417 5.04 % 6.75 % 1,118.00
Kookmin Bank 2020~2026 76,355 USD 70,445 5.83 % 6.00 % 1,083.90
Woori Bank 2021~2026 118,170 USD 100,000 1.11 % 1.13 % 1,181.70
Korea Development Bank 2021~2026 118,170 USD 100,000 1.11 % 1.13 % 1,181.70
Hana Bank 2021~2026 118,170 USD 100,000 1.11 % 1.13 % 1,181.70
JP Morgan 2022~2027 128,600 USD 100,000 3.56 % 4.00 % 1,286.00
Woori Bank 2022~2027 128,600 USD 100,000 3.56 % 4.00 % 1,286.00
Kookmin Bank 2022~2027 128,600 USD 100,000 3.56 % 4.00 % 1,286.00
Korea Development Bank 2022~2026 283,820 USD 200,000 4.67 % 5.38 % 1,419.10
Hana Bank 2022~2026 141,910 USD 100,000 4.68 % 5.38 % 1,419.10
Woori Bank 2022~2026 141,910 USD 100,000 4.68 % 5.38 % 1,419.10
JP Morgan 2022~2026 141,910 USD 100,000 4.69 % 5.38 % 1,419.10
Korea Development Bank 2022~2028 283,820 USD 200,000 5.12 % 5.50 % 1,419.10
Woori Bank 2022~2028 141,910 USD 100,000 5.13 % 5.50 % 1,419.10
Hana Bank 2023~2026 256,000 USD 200,000 3.97 % 5.38 % 1,280.00
Shinhan Bank 2023~2026 192,000 USD 150,000 3.99 % 5.38 % 1,280.00
Kookmin Bank 2023~2026 128,000 USD 100,000 4.03 % 5.38 % 1,280.00
Korea Development Bank 2023~2026 256,000 USD 200,000 4.04 % 5.38 % 1,280.00
Bank of America 2023~2026 128,000 USD 100,000 4.04 % 5.38 % 1,280.00
Standard Chartered 2023~2026 128,000 USD 100,000 4.04 % 5.38 % 1,280.00
Woori Bank 2023~2026 192,000 USD 150,000 4.05 % 5.38 % 1,280.00
Shinhan Bank 2024~2027 133,060 USD 100,000 3.53 % 4.88 % 1,330.60
Kookmin Bank 2024~2027 133,060 USD 100,000 3.53 % 4.88 % 1,330.60
Korea Development Bank 2024~2027 864,890 USD 650,000 3.53 % 4.88 % 1,330.60
Bank of America 2024~2027 133,060 USD 100,000 3.53 % 4.88 % 1,330.60
Standard Chartered 2024~2027 133,060 USD 100,000 3.53 % 4.88 % 1,330.60
IBK Securities Co., Ltd. 2024~2027 199,590 USD 150,000 3.53 % 4.88 % 1,330.60
Shinhan Bank 2024~2034 138,010 USD 100,000 3.64 % 5.13 % 1,380.10
Hana Bank 2024~2034 138,010 USD 100,000 3.69 % 5.13 % 1,380.10
Woori Bank 2024~2034 119,958 USD 86,920 3.74 % 5.13 % 1,380.10
Woori Bank 2017~2027 111,610 USD 100,000 2.25 % 3.13 % 1,116.10
Korea Development Bank 2017~2027 111,610 USD 100,000 2.31 % 3.13 % 1,116.10
Hana Bank 2017~2027 111,610 USD 100,000 2.31 % 3.13 % 1,116.10
Korea Development Bank 2018~2028 108,600 HKD 800,000 2.69 % 3.35 % 135.75
Shinhan Bank 2018~2028 115,387 HKD 850,000 2.66 % 3.35 % 135.75
Korea Development Bank 2019~2027 119,978 CHF 100,000 1.43 % 0.05 % 1,199.78
Woori Bank 2021~2026 222,800 USD 200,000 0.93 % 1.25 % 1,114.00
Shinhan Bank 2021~2026 111,400 USD 100,000 0.92 % 1.25 % 1,114.00
Korea Development Bank 2021~2026 111,400 USD 100,000 0.93 % 1.25 % 1,114.00
Nonghyup Bank 2021~2026 111,400 USD 100,000 0.93 % 1.25 % 1,114.00
Woori Bank 2022~2027 262,000 USD 200,000 3.62 % 4.25 % 1,310.00
Export-Import Bank of Korea 2022~2027 131,000 USD 100,000 3.63 % 4.25 % 1,310.00
Kookmin Bank 2022~2027 131,000 USD 100,000 3.62 % 4.25 % 1,310.00
Hana Bank 2022~2027 131,000 USD 100,000 3.61 % 4.25 % 1,310.00
Korea Development Bank 2022~2027 262,000 USD 200,000 3.63 % 4.25 % 1,310.00
Export-Import Bank of Korea 2022~2032 349,829 HKD 1,935,000 4.87 % 5.16 % 180.79
JP Morgan 2022~2032 75,194 HKD 415,000 5.00 % 5.16 % 181.19
Export-Import Bank of Korea 2023~2030 172,982 HKD 1,037,000 4.25 % 4.51 % 166.81
Hana Bank 2024~2028 128,940 USD 100,000 3.73 % 5.00 % 1,289.40
JP Morgan 2024~2028 128,940 USD 100,000 3.85 % 5.00 % 1,289.40
Korea Development Bank 2024~2028 257,880 USD 200,000 3.80 % 5.00 % 1,289.40
Korea Development Bank 2024~2028 128,940 USD 100,000 3.69 % 5.00 % 1,289.40

34

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

12. Derivatives, Continued
(3) Currency swap contracts which are not designated as hedging instruments as of September 30, 2025 are asfollows, continued:
--- ---

In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies except contract exchange rateinformation

Counterparty Contract year Contract amount Contract interest rate Contractexchange rate(in won)
Pay Receive Pay Receive
Hana Bank 2024~2029 ~~W~~ 138,540 USD 100,000 3.15 % 4.63 % ~~W~~ 1,385.40
Shinhan Bank 2024~2029 138,540 USD 100,000 3.15 % 4.63 % 1,385.40
Kookmin Bank 2024~2029 138,540 USD 100,000 3.16 % 4.63 % 1,385.40
Woori Bank 2024~2029 138,540 USD 100,000 3.17 % 4.63 % 1,385.40
Korea Development Bank 2024~2029 138,540 USD 100,000 3.19 % 4.63 % 1,385.40
Credit Agricole 2025~2028 218,963 HKD 1,166,000 2.85 % 4.10 % 187.79
Korea Development Bank 2025~2030 556,560 USD 400,000 2.75 % SOFR + 0.79 % 1,391.40
Hana Bank 2025~2030 139,140 USD 100,000 2.75 % SOFR + 0.79 % 1,391.40

35

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

12. Derivatives, Continued
(4) Currency swap contracts which are designated as hedging instruments as of September 30, 2025 are asfollows:
--- ---

In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies except contract exchange rate information

Counterparty Contract year Contract amount Contract interest rate Contractexchange rate(in won)
Pay Receive Pay Receive
Korea Development Bank 2020~2026 ~~W~~ 118,910 USD 100,000 0.61 % 1.00 % ~~W~~ 1,189.10
Hana Bank 2020~2026 118,910 USD 100,000 0.61 % 1.00 % 1,189.10
Woori Bank 2020~2026 118,910 USD 100,000 0.62 % 1.00 % 1,189.10
Nomura 2017~2037 52,457 EUR 40,000 2.60 % 1.70 % 1,311.42
Nomura 2017~2037 59,423 SEK 450,000 2.62 % 2.36 % 132.05
Kookmin Bank 2021~2026 114,230 USD 100,000 1.27 % 1.25 % 1,142.30
Korea Development Bank 2021~2026 114,230 USD 100,000 1.27 % 1.25 % 1,142.30
Hana Bank 2021~2026 114,230 USD 100,000 1.27 % 1.25 % 1,142.30
Korea Development Bank 2022~2027 123,710 USD 100,000 3.41 % 3.63 % 1,237.10
Woori Bank 2022~2027 123,710 USD 100,000 3.41 % 3.63 % 1,237.10
JP Morgan 2022~2027 123,710 USD 100,000 3.41 % 3.63 % 1,237.10
Woori Bank 2021~2026 220,600 USD 200,000 0.47 % 0.75 % 1,103.00
Shinhan Bank 2021~2026 220,600 USD 200,000 0.47 % 0.75 % 1,103.00
Hana Bank 2021~2026 55,150 USD 50,000 0.48 % 0.75 % 1,103.00
Shinhan Bank 2023~2026 132,930 USD 100,000 4.07 % 5.38 % 1,329.30
Nonghyup Bank 2023~2026 132,930 USD 100,000 4.05 % 5.38 % 1,329.30
Kookmin Bank 2023~2026 132,930 USD 100,000 4.07 % 5.38 % 1,329.30
Woori Bank 2023~2028 259,000 USD 200,000 3.83 % 4.88 % 1,295.00
Korea Development Bank 2023~2028 129,500 USD 100,000 3.85 % 4.88 % 1,295.00
Bank of America 2023~2028 64,750 USD 50,000 3.85 % 4.88 % 1,295.00

36

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

12. Derivatives, Continued
(5) Interest rate swap contracts which are not designated as hedging instruments as of September 30, 2025are as follows:
--- ---

In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies

Counterparty Contract year Contract amount Contract interest rate per annum
Pay
Nomura (*1) 2018~2038 ~~W~~ 30,000 3M CD + 0.10% 3.75 %
Shinhan Bank 2021~2025 100,000 2.32% 3M CD + 0.43 %
Hana Bank 2022~2027 200,000 3.02% 3M CD + 0.61 %
Hana Bank 2022~2027 200,000 3.04% 3M CD + 0.58 %
Hana Bank 2022~2027 250,000 3.38% 3M CD + 0.59 %
Nomura 2022~2027 200,000 3.55% 3M CD + 0.60 %
Shinhan Bank 2022~2027 150,000 3.53% 3M CD + 0.55 %
Hana Bank 2022~2027 200,000 3.70% 3M CD + 0.59 %
Nomura 2022~2027 300,000 3.89% 3M CD + 0.67 %
Hana Bank 2022~2027 200,000 3.93% 3M CD + 0.67 %
Nomura 2022~2027 200,000 3.80% 3M CD + 0.68 %
Nomura 2022~2027 300,000 4.04% 3M CD + 0.60 %
Hana Bank 2022~2027 100,000 4.68% 3M CD + 1.04 %
Hana Bank 2022~2027 100,000 5.45% 3M CD + 1.20 %
Shinhan Bank 2023~2028 200,000 4.27% 3M CD + 0.76 %
Shinhan Bank 2023~2028 50,000 4.27% 3M CD + 0.76 %
Nomura 2023~2028 250,000 4.13% 3M CD + 0.73 %
Hana Bank 2023~2028 200,000 3.74% 3M CD + 0.51 %
Hana Bank 2023~2028 100,000 4.19% 3M CD + 0.50 %
Shinhan Bank 2023~2028 300,000 3.81% 3M CD + 0.70 %
Hana Bank 2023~2028 200,000 3.95% 3M CD + 0.50 %
Shinhan Bank 2024~2029 200,000 3.84% 3M CD + 0.50 %
Hana Bank 2024~2027 250,000 3.72% 3M CD + 0.34 %
Hana Bank 2024~2027 250,000 3.77% 3M CD + 0.31 %
Hana Bank 2024~2027 250,000 3.31% 3M CD + 0.31 %
Hana Bank 2024~2027 200,000 3.46% 3M CD + 0.53 %
Nomura 2024~2027 200,000 3.38% 3M CD + 0.50 %
Hana Bank 2024~2027 300,000 3.18% 3M CD + 0.53 %
Shinhan Bank 2024~2025 100,000 3.29% 3M CD + 0.42 %
Hana Bank 2025~2030 200,000 3.28% 3M CD + 0.57 %
Hana Bank 2025~2030 200,000 3.28% 3M CD + 0.62 %
Shinhan Bank 2025~2030 200,000 2.82% 3M CD + 0.50 %
Hana Bank 2025~2028 200,000 2.86% 3M CD + 0.45 %
Nomura 2017~2032 52,457 2.55% + Floating rate 2.60 %
Nomura 2017~2032 59,423 2.57% + Floating rate 2.62 %
Nomura (*2) 2021~2041 30,000 1.84% 2.60 %
Nomura (*3) 2021~2041 50,000 1.87% 2.38 %
MUFG 2022~2048 USD 155,941 3M SOFR 3.71 %
Mizuho Capital Markets LLC 2022~2048 USD 155,941 3M SOFR 1.05 %
Mizuho Capital Markets LLC 2024~2025 USD 112,194 1M SOFR 4.20 %
NORD LB Bank 2022~2036 USD 16,121 1.83% 6M SOFR
Rabobank 2022~2036 USD 19,619 1.83% 6M SOFR
Mizuho Capital Markets LLC 2024~2045 USD 78,927 3M  Synthetic Libor 1.14 %

All values are in US Dollars.

(*1) Depending on the counterparty exercising the right, the contract may be early settled on the same date every<br>year from June 15, 2023.
(*2) 1.84% of the contract paying interest rate is applied for five years from the date of issuance, and 3M<br>CMT+0.35% is applied thereafter.
--- ---
(*3) 1.87% of the contract paying interest rate is applied for five years from the date of issuance, and 3M<br>CMT+0.35% is applied thereafter.
--- ---

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

12. Derivatives, Continued
(6) Interest rate swap contracts which are designated as hedging instruments as of September 30, 2025 areas follows:
--- ---

In thousands of foreign currencies

Counterparty
Contract year Contract<br>amount Receive
Export-Import Bank of Korea 2015~2031 11,021 2.67 % SOFR + 0.428%
ING Bank 2015~2031 27,178 2.67 % SOFR + 0.428%
BNP Paribas 2015~2031 28,994 2.67 % SOFR + 0.428%
BNP Paribas 2009~2027 22,923 4.16 % 6M USD Synthetic Libor
KFW 2009~2027 22,923 4.16 % 6M USD Synthetic Libor
Export-Import Bank of Korea 2016~2036 53,525 3.00 % 6M USD Synthetic Libor
SMTB 2025~2036 3,787,290 1.82 % 6M TIBOR + 0.55%

All values are in US Dollars.

(7) Gains and losses on valuation and transaction of derivatives for each of the three and nine-month periodsended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are as follows and they are included as finance income and expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss):
In millions of won Net income effects ofvaluation gain (loss) Net income effects oftransaction gain (loss) Accumulated other<br>comprehensive income (loss) (*)
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024 September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024 September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
Three-monthperiodended Nine-<br>monthperiodended Three-<br>monthperiod<br>ended Nine-<br>monthperiodended Three-<br>monthperiod<br>ended Nine-<br>monthperiodended Three-<br>monthperiod<br>ended Nine-<br>monthperiodended Three-<br>monthperiod<br>ended Nine-<br>monthperiodended Three-<br>monthperiod<br>ended Nine-<br>monthperiodended
Currency forward ~~W~~ 4,653 3,432 (19,294 ) 125 12,627 (14,480 ) (15,139 ) 26,941
Currency swap 514,709 (455,917 ) (689,581 ) 377,267 48,519 (79,049 ) 22,493 91,451 9,523 32,244 59,804 53,243
Interest rate swap 32,557 4,042 (27,446 ) (11,363 ) (8,336 ) (14,260 ) 2,715 13,047 (705 ) (4,796 ) (4,922 ) (1,800 )
Other derivatives 3,125 11,480 (4,068 ) 23,025 (10 ) 37,573 10,214 15,587
~~W~~ 555,044 (436,963 ) (740,389 ) 389,054 52,800 (70,216 ) 20,283 147,026 8,818 27,448 54,882 51,443
(*) For the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the net gain (loss) on valuation of<br>derivatives applying cash flow hedge accounting of ~~W~~14,208 million and ~~W~~(28,608) million, net of tax, is included in other comprehensive income (loss), respectively.
--- ---

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KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

13. Other Financial Assets
(1) Other financial assets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Current Non-current Current Non-current
Loans ~~W~~ 88,845 907,683 115,161 901,953
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts (5,157 ) (68,097 ) (5,156 ) (66,838 )
Less: present value discount (1,056 ) (35,857 ) (1,084 ) (35,888 )
82,632 803,729 108,921 799,227
Long-term / short-term financial instruments 2,596,122 805,019 1,147,929 812,211
~~W~~ 2,678,754 1,608,748 1,256,850 1,611,438
(2) Loans as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Face value Allowance fordoubtful accounts Present valuediscount Carryingvalue
Short-term loans
Loans for tuition ~~W~~ 34,818 (5,155 ) (1,056 ) 28,607
Loans for housing 38,812 38,812
Other loans 15,215 (2 ) 15,213
88,845 (5,157 ) (1,056 ) 82,632
Long-term loans
Loans for tuition 358,646 (3,221 ) (35,857 ) 319,568
Loans for housing 249,770 249,770
Loans for related parties 285,906 (64,876 ) 221,030
Other loans 13,361 13,361
907,683 (68,097 ) (35,857 ) 803,729
~~W~~ 996,528 (73,254 ) (36,913 ) 886,361
In millions of won As of December 31, 2024
Face value Allowance fordoubtful accounts Present valuediscount Carryingvalue
Short-term loans
Loans for tuition ~~W~~ 34,484 (5,156 ) (1,084 ) 28,244
Loans for housing 43,171 43,171
Other loans 37,506 37,506
115,161 (5,156 ) (1,084 ) 108,921
Long-term loans
Loans for tuition 364,685 (4,888 ) (35,888 ) 323,909
Loans for housing 266,208 266,208
Loans for related parties 260,227 (61,950 ) 198,277
Other loans 10,833 10,833
901,953 (66,838 ) (35,888 ) 799,227
~~W~~ 1,017,114 (71,994 ) (36,972 ) 908,148

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

13. Other Financial Assets, Continued
(3) Changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts of loans for the nine-month period ended September 30,2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025 For the year ended<br>December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginning balance ~~W~~ 71,994 80,793
Bad debts expense 1,442 3,727
Write-off (182 ) (12,526 )
Ending balance ~~W~~ 73,254 71,994
(4) Long-term and short-term financial instruments as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 areas follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Current Non-current Current Non-current
Time deposits ~~W~~ 2,259,993 145,581 823,806 135,995
CD 20,000 40,000
Others 316,129 659,438 284,123 676,216
~~W~~ 2,596,122 805,019 1,147,929 812,211

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

14. Inventories

Inventories as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won As of September 30, 2025
Acquisition cost Valuation allowance Book value
Raw materials ~~W~~ 5,146,198 (1,559 ) 5,144,639
Merchandises 2,929 2,929
Work-in-progress 220,250 (32 ) 220,218
Finished goods 29,394 29,394
Supplies 3,676,423 3,676,423
Inventories-in-transit 793,924 793,924
Other inventories 14,719 14,719
~~W~~ 9,883,837 (1,591 ) 9,882,246
In millions of won As of December 31, 2024
Acquisition cost Valuation allowance Book value
Raw materials ~~W~~ 4,914,250 (1,573 ) 4,912,677
Merchandises 1,733 1,733
Work-in-progress 220,110 220,110
Finished goods 96,390 (630 ) 95,760
Supplies 3,358,831 3,358,831
Inventories-in-transit 1,160,238 1,160,238
Other inventories 19,887 19,887
~~W~~ 9,771,439 (2,203 ) 9,769,236

The reversal of the allowance for loss on inventory valuation included in cost of sales for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 amounts to ~~W~~4,424 million and ~~W~~9,182 million, respectively.

The amounts of loss from inventory valuation included in other gains or losses for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 were ~~W~~3,812 million and ~~W~~9,941 million, respectively.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

15. Non-Financial Assets

Non-financial assets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
Current Non-current Current Non-current
Advanced payments ~~W~~ 584,753 539,672 467,156 66,174
Prepaid expenses 477,053 252,894 431,087 221,922
Others (*) 389,300 80,160 369,671 40,108
~~W~~ 1,451,106 872,726 1,267,914 328,204
(*) Details of others as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:<br>
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Current Non-current Current Non-current
Greenhouse gas emissions rights ~~W~~ 225,964 211,969
Other quick assets 163,336 80,160 157,702 40,108
~~W~~ 389,300 80,160 369,671 40,108

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

16. Consolidated Subsidiaries
(1) Consolidated subsidiaries as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
Subsidiaries Key operation activities Location Percentage of ownership (%)
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As ofSeptember 30, 2025 As ofDecember 31, 2024
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO Engineering & Construction Company, Inc. (*1) Engineering and construction for utility plant and others Korea 51.00 % 51.00 %
KEPCO Plant Service & Engineering Co., Ltd. Utility plant maintenance and others Korea 51.00 % 51.00 %
KEPCO Nuclear Fuel Co., Ltd. Nuclear fuel Korea 96.36 % 96.36 %
KEPCO KDN Co., Ltd. Electric power information technology and others Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO International HongKong Ltd. Holding company Hong Kong 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO International Philippines Inc. Holding company Philippines 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO Gansu International Ltd. Holding company Hong Kong 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO Philippines Holdings Inc. Holding company Philippines 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO Philippines Corporation Operation of utility plant Philippines 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO Ilijan Corporation Construction and operation of utility plant Philippines 51.00 % 51.00 %
KEPCO Neimenggu International Ltd. Holding company Hong Kong 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO Shanxi International Ltd. Holding company Hong Kong 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOMIPO Global Pte Ltd. Holding company Singapore 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO Netherlands B.V. Holding company Netherlands 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO Australia Pty., Ltd. Resources development Australia 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOSEP Australia Pty., Ltd. Resources development Australia 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOMIPO Australia Pty., Ltd. Resources development Australia 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOWEPO Australia Pty., Ltd. Resources development Australia 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOSPO Australia Pty., Ltd. Resources development Australia 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO Middle East Holding Company Holding company Bahrain 100.00 % 100.00 %
Qatrana Electric Power Company Construction and operation of utility plant Jordan 80.00 % 80.00 %
KHNP Canada Energy Ltd. Holding company Canada 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO Bylong Australia Pty., Ltd. Resources development Australia 100.00 % 100.00 %
Korea Waterbury Uranium Limited Partnership Resources development Canada 80.12 % 80.12 %
KEPCO Holdings de Mexico Holding company Mexico 100.00 % 100.00 %
KST Electric Power Company, S.A.P.I. de C.V. Construction and operation of utility plant Mexico 56.00 % 56.00 %
KEPCO Energy Service Company Operation of utility plant Mexico 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO Netherlands S3 B.V. Holding company Netherlands 100.00 % 100.00 %
PT. KOMIPO Pembangkitan Jawa Bali Operation of utility plant Indonesia 51.00 % 51.00 %
PT. Cirebon Power Service (*2) Operation of utility plant Indonesia 27.50 % 27.50 %
KOWEPO International Corporation Operation of utility plant Philippines 99.99 % 99.99 %
KOSPO Jordan LLC Operation of utility plant Jordan 100.00 % 100.00 %
EWP America Inc. Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
EWP Renewable Corporation Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
KNF Canada Energy Limited Holding company Canada 100.00 % 100.00 %
EWP Barbados 1 SRL Holding company Barbados 100.00 % 100.00 %
California Power Holdings, LLC Power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
Gyeonggi Green Energy Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 62.01 % 62.01 %
PT. Tanggamus Electric Power Power generation Indonesia 52.50 % 52.50 %
Gyeongju Wind Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 70.00 % 70.00 %
KOMIPO America Inc. Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
PT. EWP Indonesia Holding company Indonesia 99.99 % 99.99 %
KEPCO Netherlands J3 B.V. Holding company Netherlands 100.00 % 100.00 %
Korea Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
Global One Pioneer B.V. Holding company Netherlands 100.00 % 100.00 %
Global Energy Pioneer B.V. Holding company Netherlands 100.00 % 100.00 %
Mira Power Limited (*3) Power generation Pakistan 76.00 % 76.00 %
KOSEP Material Co., Ltd. Recycling fly ashes Korea 86.22 % 86.22 %
Commerce and Industry Energy Co., Ltd. (*4) Biomass power generation Korea 24.30 % 85.03 %

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

16. Consolidated Subsidiaries, Continued
(1) Consolidated subsidiaries as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows,continued:
--- ---
Subsidiaries Key operation activities Location Percentage of ownership (%)
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
KEPCO KPS Philippines Corp. Utility plant maintenance and others Philippines 99.99 % 99.99 %
KOSPO Chile SpA Holding company Chile 100.00 % 100.00 %
Hee Mang Sunlight Power Co., Ltd. Operation of utility plant Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
Fujeij Wind Power Company Operation of utility plant Jordan 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOSPO Youngnam Power Co., Ltd. Operation of utility plant Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
Chitose Solar Power Plant LLC Power generation Japan 65.00 % 65.00 %
KEPCO ES Co., Ltd. Energy service Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO Solar Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOSPO Power Services Ltda. Utility plant maintenance and others Chile 65.00 % 65.00 %
Energy New Industry Specialized Investment Private Investment Trust Holding company Korea 99.01 % 99.01 %
KOEN Bylong Pty., Ltd. Resources development Australia 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOMIPO Bylong Pty., Ltd. Resources development Australia 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOWEPO Bylong Pty., Ltd. Resources development Australia 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOSPO Bylong Pty., Ltd. Resources development Australia 100.00 % 100.00 %
EWP Bylong Pty., Ltd. Resources development Australia 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOWEPO Lao International Utility plant maintenance and others Laos 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO Mangilao Holdings LLC Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
Mangilao Investment LLC Holding company USA 69.55 % 69.55 %
KEPCO Mangilao Solar, LLC Power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
Jeju Hanlim Offshore Wind Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 79.03 % 79.03 %
PT. Siborpa Eco Power Construction and operation of utility plant Indonesia 55.00 % 55.00 %
BSK E-New Industry Fund VII Holding company Korea 81.67 % 81.67 %
e-New Industry LB Fund 1 Holding company Korea 76.11 % 76.11 %
Songhyun e-New Industry Fund Holding company Korea 80.65 % 80.65 %
BSK E-New Industry Fund X Holding company Korea 66.80 % 66.80 %
PT. Korea Energy Indonesia Utility plant maintenance and others Indonesia 95.00 % 95.00 %
KOLAT SpA Utility plant maintenance and others Chile 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO California, LLC Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO Mojave Holdings, LLC Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
Incheon Fuel Cell Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 60.00 % 60.00 %
KOEN Service Co., Ltd. Facility maintenance and service Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOMIPO Service Co., Ltd. Facility maintenance and service Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOWEPO Service Co., Ltd. Facility maintenance and service Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOSPO Service Co., Ltd. Facility maintenance and service Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
EWP Service Co., Ltd. Facility maintenance and service Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
PT. KOMIPO Energy Indonesia Utility plant maintenance and others Indonesia 95.00 % 95.00 %
KNF Partners Co., Ltd. Facility maintenance and service Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOSPO USA Inc. Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOSPO Niles LLC (formerly, Nambu USA LLC) Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
Tamra Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 63.00 % 63.00 %
KEPCO MCS Co., Ltd. Electric meter reading and others Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO FMS Co., Ltd. Security service and others Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
Firstkeepers Co., Ltd. Facility maintenance and service Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
Secutec Co., Ltd. Security service Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
SE Green Energy Co., Ltd. (*8) Power generation Korea 100.00 % 84.80 %
Mangilao Intermediate Holdings LLC Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO CSC Co., Ltd. Facility maintenance and service Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOAK Power Limited Hydro power facility maintenance Pakistan 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOMIPO Europe B.V. Holding company Netherlands 100.00 % 100.00 %
Haenanum Energy Fund Holding company Korea 99.64 % 99.64 %
Paju Ecoenergy Co., Ltd. (*8) Power generation Korea 93.68 % 89.00 %
Guam Ukudu Power LLC Power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
K-SOLAR SHINAN Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 90.00 % 90.00 %
KPS Partners Co., Ltd. Facility maintenance and service Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO E&C Service Co., Ltd. Facility maintenance and service Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
Moha solar Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
Ogiri Solar Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 70.00 % 70.00 %
KHNP USA LLC Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOMIPO Vanphong Power Service LLC Utility plant maintenance and others Vietnam 100.00 % 100.00 %

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

16. Consolidated Subsidiaries, Continued
(1) Consolidated subsidiaries as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows,continued:
--- ---
Subsidiaries Key operation activities Location Percentage of ownership (%)
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
Energy Innovation Fund I Holding company Korea 71.91 % 71.91 %
KHNP Chile SpA Holding company Chile 100.00 % 100.00 %
Yeong Yang Apollon Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
Yeong Yang Corporation Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
SolarVader Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
Yeong Yang Innovation Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
Yeong Yang Horus Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
Yeong Yang Solar Management Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
LSG Hydro Power Limited Holding company Pakistan 99.99 % 99.99 %
KOEN Bio Co., Ltd. Wood pellet utilization business Korea 70.00 % 70.00 %
KOMIPO Energy Solution America, LLC Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
Elara Investment Holdings, LLC (*5) Holding company USA 0.10 % 0.10 %
Elara Equity Holdings, LLC Holding company USA 54.00 % 54.00 %
Elara Class B Holdings, LLC Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
Elara Class B Member, LLC Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
Elara Development Holdings, LLC Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOMIPO Development, LLC Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
Elara Energy Holdings, LLC Holding company USA 61.62 % 61.62 %
Elara Energy Project, LLC Power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOMIPO Iberian Solar Group, S.L.U. Holding company Spain 100.00 % 100.00 %
Jeongam Wind Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 80.00 % 80.00 %
KOWEPO Europe B.V. Holding company Netherlands 100.00 % 100.00 %
CVS Equity Holdings, LLC Holding company USA 80.96 % 80.96 %
CVS Class B Holdings, LLC Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
CVS Development Holdings, LLC Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
CVS Development, LLC Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
CVS Class B Member, LLC Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
CVS Energy Holdings, LLC Holding company USA 62.62 % 62.62 %
Concho Valley Energy, LLC Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
Concho Valley Solar, LLC Power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
Yeongdeok Sunrise Wind Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 70.00 % 70.00 %
UI Carbon-Neutrality Fund Holding company Korea 78.97 % 78.97 %
KA Power Limited Power generation Pakistan 100.00 % 100.00 %
Western Power Changgi Solar Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 100.00 % 100.00 %
EWP Australia Pty., Ltd. Holding company Australia 100.00 % 100.00 %
Columboola Solar Farm Hold Co Pty.,<br>Ltd. (*3,6) Holding company Australia 74.04 % 74.04 %
Digital Innovation Growth Fund Holding company Korea 76.92 % 76.92 %
J Wind First, LLC (*7) Company specializing in liquidation Korea
KEPCO Holding Company Holding company Saudi Arabia 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO for Maintenance Company Utility plant maintenance and others Saudi Arabia 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOSPO Trumbull LLC Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 73.00 % 73.00 %
Chile Solar JV SpA Power generation Chile 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO KPS South Africa Pty., Ltd. Utility plant maintenance and others Republic of<br><br><br>South Africa 98.96 % 98.96 %
KOWEPO Holding Limited Holding company United Arab Emirates 100.00 % 100.00 %
Magna Energy New Industrial Fund Holding company Korea 71.30 % 71.30 %
Columboola Solar Farm Nominees Pty.,<br>Ltd. (*3) Power generation Australia 100.00 % 100.00 %
Columboola Solar Farm Op Trust (*3) Power generation Australia 100.00 % 100.00 %
Columboola Solar Farm Fin Co Pty.,<br>Ltd. (*3) Holding company Australia 100.00 % 100.00 %
EWP ESS Holdings, LLC Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
Fairhaven ESS LLC Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
KOSPO Rutile, LLC Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 %
Sprott Chile Solar I SpA Holding company Chile 100.00 % 100.00 %
KEPCO Yona America LLC Holding company USA 100.00 %
KEPCO SADAWI - FZCO Holding company United Arab Emirates 100.00 %
EWP Yona America LLC Holding company USA 100.00 %
KOMIPO Middle East Energy L.L.C-FZ Holding company Oman 100.00 %

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

16. Consolidated Subsidiaries, Continued
(1) Consolidated subsidiaries as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows,continued:
--- ---
(*1) Considering treasury stocks, the effective percentage of ownership is 51.24%.
--- ---
(*2) The effective percentage of ownership is less than 50%. However, this subsidiary is included in the condensed<br>consolidated financial statements as the Group obtained the majority of the voting power under the shareholders’ agreement.
--- ---
(*3) As of September 30, 2025, the annual reporting period of all subsidiaries ends on December 31, except<br>for Mira Power Limited, Columboola Solar Farm Hold Co Pty., Ltd., Columboola Solar Farm Nominees Pty., Ltd., Columboola Solar Farm Op Trust and Columboola Solar Farm Fin Co Pty., Ltd.
--- ---
(*4) During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025, the investment was reclassified from a subsidiary<br>to an associate due to a partial disposal of shares.
--- ---
(*5) The effective percentage of ownership is less than 50%. However, this subsidiary is included in the condensed<br>consolidated financial statements as the Group has control over the board of directors under the shareholders’ agreement.
--- ---
(*6) Excluding preferred stocks, the percentage of ownership with voting rights is 100%.
--- ---
(*7) Although the Group does not hold a stake as of September 30, 2025, considering the purpose and design of<br>the structured entity, the Group is exposed to volatility in the profits of the structured entity. In addition, the Group has the ability to direct activities that can most significantly affect the operations of the structured entity, so it has been<br>determined that the Group has control over the entity.
--- ---
(*8) The ownership interest changed due to a disproportionate capital reduction with consideration during the<br>nine-month period ended September 30, 2025.
--- ---
(2) The subsidiaries included in and excluded from the scope of consolidation for the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025 are as follows:
--- ---

<Subsidiaries included in consolidation during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025>

Subsidiaries Reason
KEPCO Yona America LLC New investment
KEPCO SADAWI – FZCO New investment
EWP Yona America LLC New investment
KOMIPO Middle East Energy L.L.C-FZ New investment

<Subsidiaries excluded from consolidation during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025>

Subsidiaries Reason
Commerce and Industry Energy Co., Ltd. Loss of control due to a partial disposal of shares

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

16. Consolidated Subsidiaries, Continued
(3) The summarized financial information of consolidated subsidiaries as of and for the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 is as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of and for the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025
Subsidiaries Total<br>assets Total<br>liabilities Sales Profit (loss)<br>for the period
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. ~~W~~ 76,472,361 49,420,636 11,847,266 2,032,646
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. 12,368,682 5,937,828 5,134,648 503,405
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. 14,410,055 9,268,262 4,388,479 263,440
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. 13,030,907 7,682,740 4,183,163 296,387
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. 12,699,859 6,801,913 4,775,201 327,644
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. 11,838,246 5,228,147 3,833,875 534,095
KEPCO Engineering & Construction Company, Inc. 851,649 239,678 313,266 75,855
KEPCO Plant Service & Engineering Co., Ltd. 1,631,269 327,785 1,116,828 103,608
KEPCO Nuclear Fuel Co., Ltd. 1,047,748 533,918 417,179 49,364
KEPCO KDN Co., Ltd. 680,535 174,887 522,767 25,548
KEPCO International HongKong Ltd. 142,509 5,302
KEPCO International Philippines Inc. 13,025 13
KEPCO Gansu International Ltd. 8,159 1,012 (45 )
KEPCO Philippines Holdings Inc. 199,243 121 40,359
KEPCO Philippines Corporation 2,926 93
KEPCO Ilijan Corporation 54,147 334 (2,297 )
KEPCO Neimenggu International Ltd. 306,851 3,079 (212 )
KEPCO Shanxi International Ltd. 775,494 357,850 (7,454 )
KOMIPO Global Pte Ltd. 438,744 2,743 9,743
KEPCO Netherlands B.V. 138,695 72 1,069
KEPCO Australia Pty., Ltd. 390 188 (26 )
KOSEP Australia Pty., Ltd. 57,902 6,179 19,424 5,203
KOMIPO Australia Pty., Ltd. 107,182 5,654 19,518 8,944
KOWEPO Australia Pty., Ltd. 102,546 4,532 19,424 6,413
KOSPO Australia Pty., Ltd. 45,061 4,596 19,424 3,666
KEPCO Middle East Holding Company 132,744 132,572 (6,572 )
Qatrana Electric Power Company 535,450 187,130 22,558 17,632
KHNP Canada Energy Ltd. 249,446 33,945 285
KEPCO Bylong Australia Pty., Ltd. 45,475 542,131 15,325
Korea Waterbury Uranium Limited Partnership 21,951 43 (82 )
KEPCO Holdings de Mexico 665 3,056 261
KST Electric Power Company, S.A.P.I. de C.V. 630,593 505,348 76,109 12,876
KEPCO Energy Service Company 4,363 1,430 10,431 2,086
KEPCO Netherlands S3 B.V. 76,123 18,191 1,654
PT. KOMIPO Pembangkitan Jawa Bali 21,149 4,089 14,747 4,915
PT. Cirebon Power Service 3,846 1,363 7,451 405
KOWEPO International Corporation 11
KOSPO Jordan LLC 37,124 20,125 11,015 3,328
EWP America Inc. (*1) 57,280 3,597 19,159 9,628
KNF Canada Energy Limited 2,357 21 (47 )
EWP Barbados 1 SRL 475,611 977 24,514
Gyeonggi Green Energy Co., Ltd. 212,451 286,677 47,216 (7,636 )
PT. Tanggamus Electric Power 209,429 129,408 3,680 8,162
Gyeongju Wind Power Co., Ltd. 83,971 36,143 12,094 1,365
KOMIPO America Inc. (*2) 593,471 294,791 16,306 (2,064 )
PT. EWP Indonesia 98,589 59 5,084
KEPCO Netherlands J3 B.V. 169,676 19,439 (861 )
Korea Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. 332,891 122,424 31,831 5,242
Global One Pioneer B.V. 1,715,615 110 (231 )
Global Energy Pioneer B.V. 428 110 (158 )
Mira Power Limited 370,415 250,083 2,188 16,569
KOSEP Material Co., Ltd. 7,485 677 4,019 1,236
KEPCO KPS Philippines Corp. 6,999 928 5,057 569
KOSPO Chile SpA 181,238 83,773 (304 )

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

16. Consolidated Subsidiaries, Continued
(3) The summarized financial information of consolidated subsidiaries as of and for the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 is as follows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of and for the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025
Subsidiaries Totalassets Total<br>liabilities Sales Profit (loss)<br>for the period
Hee Mang Sunlight Power Co., Ltd. ~~W~~ 5,924 2,319 460 84
Fujeij Wind Power Company 239,672 157,094 12,878
KOSPO Youngnam Power Co., Ltd. 355,925 245,538 234,521 3,108
Chitose Solar Power Plant LLC 91,597 84,156 12,591 3,667
KEPCO ES Co., Ltd. 331,815 22,698 4,931 2,512
KEPCO Solar Co., Ltd. 243,174 29,076 19,077 6,820
KOSPO Power Services Ltda. 8,611 5,881 10,429 1,031
Energy New Industry Specialized Investment Private Investment Trust (*3) 467,100 5,564 2,231
KOEN Bylong Pty., Ltd. 15 174 (1 )
KOMIPO Bylong Pty., Ltd. 17 189 (14 )
KOWEPO Bylong Pty., Ltd. 16 176 (6 )
KOSPO Bylong Pty., Ltd. 184 416 (6 )
EWP Bylong Pty., Ltd. 15 14
KOWEPO Lao International 19,157 1,036 9,692 3,637
KEPCO Mangilao Holdings LLC 94,800 50,325 629 (3 )
Mangilao Investment LLC 207,668 17
KEPCO Mangilao Solar, LLC 212,508 727 13,099 2,591
Jeju Hanlim Offshore Wind Co., Ltd. 628,151 555,088 57,573 7,089
PT. Siborpa Eco Power 15,482 2,293 (46 )
PT. Korea Energy Indonesia 9,285 5,823 5,513 963
KOLAT SpA 49,043 312 2,481 1,098
KEPCO California, LLC 49,894 7,107 668 (295 )
KEPCO Mojave Holdings, LLC 92,726 85,278 (3,338 )
Incheon Fuel Cell Co., Ltd. 233,034 222,303 59,649 (5,242 )
KOEN Service Co., Ltd. 10,616 7,188 30,126 503
KOMIPO Service Co., Ltd. 9,781 4,873 30,046 1,512
KOWEPO Service Co., Ltd. 9,920 5,622 32,339 1,307
KOSPO Service Co., Ltd. 9,590 4,600 25,524 2,384
EWP Service Co., Ltd. 7,217 3,552 21,824 2,206
PT. KOMIPO Energy Indonesia 4,785 181 3,945 1,557
KNF partners Co., Ltd. 3,031 1,045 4,814 294
KOSPO USA Inc. 834,951 493 (4,976 )
KOSPO Niles LLC (formerly, Nambu USA LLC) 317,329 1,103 492 4,725
Tamra Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. 105,717 66,684 12,834 1,095
KEPCO MCS Co., Ltd. 89,349 70,232 207,499 (7,307 )
KEPCO FMS Co., Ltd. 19,400 23,968 86,718 (2,198 )
Firstkeepers Co., Ltd. 32,370 17,646 75,416 4,994
Secutec Co., Ltd. 19,581 11,592 61,109 1,379
SE Green Energy Co., Ltd. 120,913 92,596 28,891 (183 )
Mangilao Intermediate Holdings LLC 210,189 119,124 (7,475 )
KEPCO CSC Co., Ltd. 17,995 8,176 35,515 3,904
KOAK Power Limited 15,610 116 (107 )
KOMIPO Europe B.V. 91,304 130 888 (2,184 )
Haenanum Energy Fund 7,436 3 951 923
Paju Ecoenergy Co., Ltd. 61,682 2,654 13,204 2,519
Guam Ukudu Power LLC 898,574 943,366 37,592 (10,812 )
K-SOLAR SHINAN Co., Ltd. 270,476 252,312 26,596 2,319

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

16. Consolidated Subsidiaries, Continued
(3) The summarized financial information of consolidated subsidiaries as of and for the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 is as follows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of and for the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025
Subsidiaries Totalassets Total<br>liabilities Sales Profit (loss)<br>for the period
KPS Partners Co., Ltd. ~~W~~ 5,463 2,877 11,448 715
KEPCO E&C Service Co., Ltd. 10,014 2,075 12,654 1,240
Moha solar Co., Ltd. 25,359 27,993 (189 )
Ogiri Solar Power Co., Ltd. 1,054 21 (22 )
KHNP USA LLC 2,317 382 927 249
KOMIPO Vanphong Power Service LLC 33,799 1,947 22,705 9,457
Energy Innovation Fund I 39,578 1,136 (732 )
KHNP Chile SpA 5,812 4,599 (55 )
Yeong Yang Apollon Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. 1,465 1,261 170 106
Yeong Yang Corporation Co., Ltd. 1,443 1,251 168 103
SolarVader Co., Ltd. 1,454 1,254 168 104
Yeong Yang Innovation Co., Ltd. 1,444 1,251 165 100
Yeong Yang Horus Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. 1,425 1,251 158 93
Yeong Yang Solar Management Co., Ltd. 1,461 1,254 175 110
LSG Hydro Power Limited 405 14 (191 )
KOEN Bio Co., Ltd. 1,368 862 1,530 9
KOMIPO Iberian Solar Group, S.L.U. 85,996 75,250 2,937
Jeongam Wind Power Co., Ltd. 69,928 60,226 6,116 (901 )
KOWEPO Europe B.V. 50 3,897 (104 )
Yeongdeok Sunrise Wind Power Co., Ltd. 110,860 85,186 8,443 (472 )
KA Power Limited 6,192 3,171 (21 )
Western Power Changgi Solar Co., Ltd. 39,267 33,019 4,856 (207 )
EWP Australia Pty., Ltd. 63,017 425 (5,339 )
Columboola Solar Farm Hold Co Pty., Ltd. (*4) 335,701 222,790 8,311 (6,216 )
Digital Innovation Growth Fund 11,721 171 1,846
J Wind First, LLC 1,474
KEPCO Holding Company 83,484 79,943 (18 )
KEPCO for Maintenance Company 13,210 9,524 7,319 4,412
KOSPO Trumbull LLC 405,113
Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. 25,305 2,503 5,612 682
Chile Solar JV SpA 86,042 71,435 5,848 254
KEPCO KPS South Africa Pty., Ltd. 9,778 3,250 17,813 195
KOWEPO Holding Limited 21,682 606 13,335
KOSPO Rutile, LLC 3,084 (1 )
Sprott Chile Solar I SpA 8,282 27 (2 )
KEPCO Yona America LLC
KEPCO SADAWI - FZCO 459 (3 )
EWP Yona America LLC
KOMIPO Middle East Energy L.L.C-FZ 1,297 364
(*1) Financial information of EWP America Inc. includes that of 4 other subsidiaries, EWP Renewable Corporation,<br>California Power Holdings LLC, EWP ESS Holdings, LLC, and Fairhaven ESS LLC.
--- ---
(*2) Financial information of KOMIPO America Inc. includes that of 17 other subsidiaries including Elara Equity<br>Holdings, LLC and CVS Equity Holdings, LLC.
--- ---
(*3) Financial information of Energy New Industry Specialized Investment Private Investment Trust includes that of 6<br>other subsidiaries, BSK E-New Industry Fund VII, e-New Industry LB Fund 1, Songhyun e-New Industry Fund, BSK E-New Industry Fund X, UI Carbon-Neutrality Fund, and Magna Energy New Industrial Fund.
--- ---
(*4) Financial information of Columboola Solar Farm Hold Co Pty., Ltd. includes that of 3 other subsidiaries<br>including Columboola Solar Farm Nominees Pty., Ltd.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

16. Consolidated Subsidiaries, Continued
(3) The summarized financial information of consolidated subsidiaries as of and for the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 is as follows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of and for the year endedDecember 31, 2024
Subsidiaries Total<br>Assets Total<br>liabilities Sales Profit (loss)<br>for the period
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. ~~W~~ 72,508,359 47,082,862 13,447,880 567,267
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. 13,203,109 6,447,903 6,527,922 382,336
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. 14,849,596 9,513,087 7,088,426 225,196
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. 13,309,836 7,708,730 6,193,922 361,725
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. 13,184,059 7,101,465 6,430,487 311,530
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. 12,287,969 5,592,569 5,322,832 467,885
KEPCO Engineering & Construction Company, Inc. 945,384 367,910 553,363 58,513
KEPCO Plant Service & Engineering Co., Ltd. 1,675,776 355,479 1,534,269 170,967
KEPCO Nuclear Fuel Co., Ltd. 1,060,367 562,604 397,595 48,061
KEPCO KDN Co., Ltd. 846,361 222,119 781,646 215,791
KEPCO International HongKong Ltd. 149,757 1,611 7,596
KEPCO International Philippines Inc. 13,720 78 40,427
KEPCO Gansu International Ltd. 8,233 693 (5 )
KEPCO Philippines Holdings Inc. 202,810 173 49,999
KEPCO Philippines Corporation 2,990 4 120
KEPCO Ilijan Corporation 58,752 615 4,549
KEPCO Neimenggu International Ltd. 323,519 4,839 10,891
KEPCO Shanxi International Ltd. 811,971 366,377 13,677
KOMIPO Global Pte Ltd. 454,052 2,716 15,618
KEPCO Netherlands B.V. 155,632 109 4,237
KEPCO Australia Pty., Ltd. 226 (4,017 )
KOSEP Australia Pty., Ltd. 55,461 7,847 31,935 10,139
KOMIPO Australia Pty., Ltd. 94,760 3,214 31,935 6,253
KOWEPO Australia Pty., Ltd. 93,353 2,736 31,935 4,978
KOSPO Australia Pty., Ltd. 39,606 3,221 31,935 8,768
KEPCO Middle East Holding Company 136,740 129,721 (7,668 )
Qatrana Electric Power Company 554,387 207,773 28,465 24,062
KHNP Canada Energy Ltd. 180,220 20,431 506
KEPCO Bylong Australia Pty., Ltd. 45,420 552,861 (69,620 )
Korea Waterbury Uranium Limited Partnership 20,773 62 (142 )
KEPCO Holdings de Mexico 670 3,025 (1,032 )
KST Electric Power Company, S.A.P.I. de C.V. 654,086 532,766 67,656 24,713
KEPCO Energy Service Company 2,257 1,198 9,361 146
KEPCO Netherlands S3 B.V. 81,554 19,084 978
PT. KOMIPO Pembangkitan Jawa Bali 18,014 3,684 21,567 969
PT. Cirebon Power Service 3,004 823 10,515 586
KOWEPO International Corporation 11
KOSPO Jordan LLC 36,620 22,271 17,477 4,312
EWP America Inc. (*1) 49,381 3,120 14,888 332
KNF Canada Energy Limited 2,337 30 (67 )
EWP Barbados 1 SRL 469,387 1,463 28,937
Gyeonggi Green Energy Co., Ltd. 160,060 226,650 60,769 (31,941 )
PT. Tanggamus Electric Power 232,963 155,119 6,136 4,216
Gyeongju Wind Power Co., Ltd. 87,987 41,547 18,550 5,817
KOMIPO America Inc. (*2) 633,218 328,237 18,806 9,662
PT. EWP Indonesia 101,015 84 6,115
KEPCO Netherlands J3 B.V. 174,130 15,748 7,378
Korea Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. 336,687 131,463 41,489 14,607
Global One Pioneer B.V. 150 64 (130 )
Global Energy Pioneer B.V. 363 69 (131 )
Mira Power Limited 443,556 332,629 4,213 11,499
KOSEP Material Co., Ltd. 6,111 539 5,016 1,108
Commerce and Industry Energy Co., Ltd. 65,954 25,841 35,054 (3,638 )
KEPCO KPS Philippines Corp. 6,403 594 7,372 422
KOSPO Chile SpA 186,200 83,705 (1,185 )

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

16. Consolidated Subsidiaries, Continued
(3) The summarized financial information of consolidated subsidiaries as of and for the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 is as follows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of and for the year endedDecember 31, 2024
Subsidiaries Total<br>assets Total<br>liabilities Sales Profit (loss)<br>for the period
Hee Mang Sunlight Power Co., Ltd. ~~W~~ 5,875 2,355 567 46
Fujeij Wind Power Company 245,967 171,610 14,962
KOSPO Youngnam Power Co., Ltd. 371,946 257,626 412,037 10,275
Chitose Solar Power Plant LLC 93,435 78,709 14,453 2,553
KEPCO ES Co., Ltd. 318,648 6,087 6,384 8,758
KEPCO Solar Co., Ltd. 240,555 29,240 20,788 6,210
KOSPO Power Services Ltda. 8,118 6,363 17,005 1,924
Energy New Industry Specialized Investment Private Investment Trust (*3) 483,585 3,358 22,608
KOEN Bylong Pty., Ltd. 15 165 (12 )
KOMIPO Bylong Pty., Ltd. 15 172 (17 )
KOWEPO Bylong Pty., Ltd. 15 168 (17 )
KOSPO Bylong Pty., Ltd. 202 425 (57 )
EWP Bylong Pty., Ltd. 15 13 2
KOWEPO Lao International 17,335 2,247 11,891 4,823
KEPCO Mangilao Holdings LLC 99,669 52,732 810 (7,804 )
Mangilao Investment LLC 224,646 18
KEPCO Mangilao Solar, LLC 226,509 247 16,907 3,634
Jeju Hanlim Offshore Wind Co., Ltd. 590,613 524,640 10,872 (5,067 )
PT. Siborpa Eco Power 13,877 3 (38 )
PT. Korea Energy Indonesia 9,146 5,524 4,550 1,171
KOLAT SpA 49,452 406 2,880 1,090
KEPCO California, LLC 52,627 7,464 645 (507 )
KEPCO Mojave Holdings, LLC 101,912 90,646 (3,950 )
Incheon Fuel Cell Co., Ltd. 249,022 233,049 91,097 (5,805 )
KOEN Service Co., Ltd. 10,072 7,186 39,482 323
KOMIPO Service Co., Ltd. 8,123 4,728 38,415 657
KOWEPO Service Co., Ltd. 8,422 6,678 40,875 314
KOSPO Service Co., Ltd. 7,199 4,593 32,422 949
EWP Service Co., Ltd. 5,291 3,851 27,101 27
PT. KOMIPO Energy Indonesia 5,177 1,273 6,433 874
KNF partners Co., Ltd. 2,875 1,182 6,700 286
KOSPO USA Inc. 725,984 321 (6,099 )
KOSPO Niles LLC (formerly, Nambu USA LLC) 326,651 51 9,947
Tamra Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. 112,747 74,809 19,937 1,551
KEPCO MCS Co., Ltd. 94,305 67,881 292,011 (9,033 )
KEPCO FMS Co., Ltd. 16,330 18,815 108,560 1,126
Firstkeepers Co., Ltd. 24,800 13,930 95,836 4,546
Secutec Co., Ltd. 17,416 11,980 78,011 1,968
SE Green Energy Co., Ltd. 126,012 93,330 41,251 178
Mangilao Intermediate Holdings LLC 230,079 126,833 (1,277 )
KEPCO CSC Co., Ltd. 17,430 11,516 49,443 2,944
KOAK Power Limited 16,961 322 (75 )
KOMIPO Europe B.V. 84,899 123 890 (6,403 )
Haenanum Energy Fund 7,415 3 493 445
Paju Ecoenergy Co., Ltd. 61,836 2,635 16,306 697
Guam Ukudu Power LLC 940,137 960,812 112,782 (39,280 )
K-SOLAR SHINAN Co., Ltd. 279,204 263,030 34,148 907

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

16. Consolidated Subsidiaries, Continued
(3) The summarized financial information of consolidated subsidiaries as of and for the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 is as follows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of and for the year endedDecember 31, 2024
Subsidiaries Totalassets Total<br>liabilities Sales Profit (loss)<br>for the period
KPS Partners Co., Ltd. ~~W~~ 4,264 2,298 14,053 487
KEPCO E&C Service Co., Ltd. 8,437 1,738 16,861 1,578
Moha solar Co., Ltd. 25,946 28,391 (273 )
Ogiri Solar Power Co., Ltd. 1,077 21 77 55
KHNP USA LLC 2,170 400 1,196 186
KOMIPO Vanphong Power Service LLC 39,147 3,592 26,235 9,951
Energy Innovation Fund I 40,554 894 (899 )
KHNP Chile SpA 6,081 4,818 (60 )
Yeong Yang Apollon Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. 1,422 1,324 194 (4 )
Yeong Yang Corporation Co., Ltd. 1,403 1,314 190 (12 )
SolarVader Co., Ltd. 1,413 1,317 195 (12 )
Yeong Yang Innovation Co., Ltd. 1,407 1,314 188 1
Yeong Yang Horus Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. 1,395 1,314 184 (3 )
Yeong Yang Solar Management Co., Ltd. 1,415 1,318 198 (23 )
LSG Hydro Power Limited 629 12 (187 )
KOEN Bio Co., Ltd. 1,179 683 1,570 90
KOMIPO Iberian Solar Group, S.L.U. 76,858 69,709 (3,786 )
Jeongam Wind Power Co., Ltd. 70,772 60,170 7,094 (2,113 )
KOWEPO Europe B.V. 35 3,511 (181 )
Yeongdeok Sunrise Wind Power Co., Ltd. 112,863 87,437 7,717 3,555
KA Power Limited 6,620 3,375 (207 )
Western Power Changgi Solar Co., Ltd. 43,393 36,938 6,461 321
EWP Australia Pty., Ltd. 67,756 358 12,457
Columboola Solar Farm Hold Co Pty., Ltd. (*4) 342,603 222,480 8,349 20,622
Digital Innovation Growth Fund 11,989 172 1,745
J Wind First, LLC 54,456 54,456 2,992
KEPCO Holding Company 3,727 (35 )
KEPCO for Maintenance Company 12,192 10,078 2,726 1,838
KOSPO Trumbull LLC 336,425
Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. 25,434 2,815 5,983 686
Chile Solar JV SpA 96,796 81,288 9,862 (5,411 )
KEPCO KPS South Africa Pty., Ltd. 10,784 4,688 19,713 266
KOWEPO Holding Limited 9,108 888 7,679
KOSPO Rutile, LLC 147
Sprott Chile Solar I SpA 8,682 27 1
(*1) Financial information of EWP America Inc. includes that of 4 other subsidiaries, EWP Renewable Corporation,<br>California Power Holdings LLC, EWP ESS Holdings, LLC, and Fairhaven ESS LLC.
--- ---
(*2) Financial information of KOMIPO America Inc. includes that of 17 other subsidiaries including Elara Equity<br>Holdings, LLC and CVS Equity Holdings, LLC.
--- ---
(*3) Financial information of Energy New Industry Specialized Investment Private Investment Trust includes that of 6<br>other subsidiaries, BSK E-New Industry Fund VII, e-New Industry LB Fund 1, Songhyun e-New Industry Fund, BSK E-New Industry Fund X, UI Carbon-Neutrality Fund, and Magna Energy New Industrial Fund.
--- ---
(*4) Financial information of Columboola Solar Farm Hold Co Pty., Ltd. includes that of 3 other subsidiaries<br>including Columboola Solar Farm Nominees Pty., Ltd.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

16. Consolidated Subsidiaries, Continued
(4) Significant restrictions on the Group’s abilities to its subsidiaries as of September 30, 2025are as follows:
--- ---
Company Nature and extent of any significantrestrictions
--- ---
Gyeonggi Green Energy Co., Ltd. Acquisition or disposal of assets of more than ~~W~~10 billion, change in the capacity of cogeneration units (except for the change due to performance improvement of equipment, maintenance) will require unanimous<br>consent of all directors of the entity.
KOSPO Youngnam Power Co., Ltd. Dividends may be payable only when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied. The Group’s shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without prior written consent of financial institutions.
Jeongam Wind Power Co., Ltd. Dividends may be payable only when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied, and prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Also, payments to the contracting party may be restricted depending on the<br>financial management priority of the contract. The Group’s shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without prior consent of other stakeholders including shareholders or financial institutions.
Incheon Fuel Cell Co., Ltd. Acquisition or disposal of assets of more than ~~W~~20 billion, change in the capacity of cogeneration units (except for the change due to performance improvement of equipment, maintenance) will require unanimous<br>consent of all directors of the entity.
Gyeongju Wind Power Co., Ltd. Dividends and settlement amounts for O&M and renewable energy certificate may be payable only when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied, and prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained.
Korea Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. Principals and interest on subordinated loans or dividends and settlement amounts for renewable energy certificate may be payable only when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied and prior written consent of financial<br>institutions is obtained. The Group’s equity interest in the subsidiary may not be transferred either wholly or partially without prior written consent of financial institutions.
Jeju Hanlim Offshore Wind Co., Ltd. Prior approval from the lender is required when withdrawing funds (major expenditure, REC settlement, dividend payment, etc.) according to the loan agreement.
Yeongdeok Sunrise Wind Power Co., Ltd. Dividends may be payable only when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied.
Columboola Solar Farm Hold Co Pty., Ltd. Dividends may be payable only when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied.
Guam Ukudu Power LLC Dividends may be payable only when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied. Disposing or transferring assets either as a whole or as a part is restricted, and the Group’s equity interest in the subsidiary may not<br>be transferred either wholly or partially without prior consent of other stakeholders including financial institutions.
Mira Power Limited The Group’s equity interest may not be transferred either wholly or partially without prior consent of other stakeholders.
Chile Solar JV SpA The Group’s equity interest may not be transferred either wholly or partially without prior consent of other stakeholders.
K-SOLAR SHINAN Co., Ltd. Dividends may be payable only when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied. The Group’s equity interest may not be transferred either wholly or partially without prior consent of other stakeholders until five<br>years have elapsed after the commencement of the operation.
Western Power Changgi Solar Co., Ltd. Principals and interest on subordinated loans or dividends to investors are only payable when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied, and prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Also, the<br>Group’s equity interest may not be transferred either wholly or partially without prior written consent of financial institutions.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

16. Consolidated Subsidiaries, Continued
(4) Significant restrictions on the Group’s abilities to its subsidiaries as of September 30, 2025are as follows, continued:
--- ---
Company Nature and extent of any significantrestrictions
--- ---
Chitose Solar Power Plant LLC Capital expenditure may be incurred only upon prior consent of financial institutions. The issuance of securities to third parties, including current investors, is restricted, and the amount of paid-in capital cannot either<br>increase, be written off or decrease.
Mangilao Intermediate Holdings LLC Changes or termination of the O&M contract, and delays in the EPC contract may not be made without the prior written consent of the majority of the lenders, and dividends can be implemented only after repayment of the loan is<br>completed.
Fujeij Wind Power Company Incurring additional borrowings not specified in the loan agreement, or changing the PPA schedule without the lender’s prior written consent is restricted. In addition, capital acquisition and new share issuance other than<br>dividends payment to investors are restricted.
Qatrana Electric Power Company Dividends payment, repayment of capital investment, and settlement for O&M can only be made when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied and prior consent of financial institutions is obtained.
KST Electric Power Company, S.A.P.I. de C.V. Disposal of assets exceeding $5 million per year is restricted, and the debt ratio is required to be maintained below 90%. Additionally, capital and cost expenditures that do not meet the conditions in the loan agreement are<br>restricted.
(5) As of September 30, 2025, the Group has following commitments unrecognized in relation to itssubsidiaries as per its shareholders’ agreements:
--- ---
Company Unrecognized commitments
--- ---
Jeongam Wind Power Co., Ltd. When the Group requests other shareholders to transfer shares after the completion of the power generation complex, the Group has a right to purchase the shares at fair value.
Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. When other shareholders want to sell their shares after the performance guarantee period of wind power generators stipulated in the equipment supply contract is completed, the Group has a right to purchase the shares at fair<br>value after consulting with the parties on the timing and size of the acquisition, taking into account financial conditions, business conditions, and other circumstances.
Columboola Solar Farm Hold Co Pty., Ltd. The Group holds a call option to purchase the shares held by another shareholder at 80% of the stock’s valuation in the event of a breach of obligation specified in the shareholder agreement.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

16. Consolidated Subsidiaries, Continued
(6) Details of non-controlling interests prior to intra-company eliminations as of and for the nine-month periodended September 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of and for the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025
Description KEPCO IlijanCorporation KEPCO PlantService &EngineeringCo., Ltd. KEPCOEngineering &<br>ConstructionCompany, Inc. Others Total
Percentage of ownership 49.00 % 49.00 % 48.76 %
Current assets ~~W~~ 53,379 991,066 508,279 1,264,120 2,816,844
Non-current assets 768 640,203 343,370 4,454,599 5,438,940
Current liabilities (249 ) (268,317 ) (232,249 ) (871,782 ) (1,372,597 )
Non-current liabilities (85 ) (59,468 ) (7,429 ) (2,688,097 ) (2,755,079 )
Net assets 53,813 1,303,484 611,971 2,158,840 4,128,108
Book value of non-controlling interests 26,368 638,707 298,397 234,335 1,197,807
Sales 1,116,828 313,266 932,657 2,362,751
Profit for the period (2,297 ) 103,608 75,855 122,382 299,548
Profit for the period attributable to non-controlling interests (1,126 ) 50,768 36,987 20,878 107,507
Cash flows from operating activities (1,916 ) 48,502 16,047 351,209 413,842
Cash flows from investing activities 22 46,489 15,582 (24,663 ) 37,430
Cash flows from financing activities before dividends to non-controlling interests (236 ) (68,074 ) (38,739 ) (256,106 ) (363,155 )
Dividends to non-controlling interests (54,441 ) (20,680 ) (75,121 )
Effect of exchange rate fluctuation (2,631 ) (1,205 ) (16 ) (9,653 ) (13,505 )
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (4,761 ) (28,729 ) (7,126 ) 40,107 (509 )
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of and for the year endedDecember 31, 2024
Description KEPCO IlijanCorporation KEPCO PlantService &EngineeringCo., Ltd. KEPCOEngineering &<br>ConstructionCompany, Inc. Others Total
Percentage of ownership 49.00 % 49.00 % 48.76 %
Current assets ~~W~~ 58,291 1,033,936 568,226 1,284,969 2,945,422
Non-current assets 461 641,840 377,158 4,814,101 5,833,560
Current liabilities (280 ) (341,918 ) (359,629 ) (1,282,746 ) (1,984,573 )
Non-current liabilities (335 ) (13,561 ) (8,281 ) (2,578,521 ) (2,600,698 )
Net assets 58,137 1,320,297 577,474 2,237,803 4,193,711
Book value of non-controlling interests 28,487 646,946 281,576 490,588 1,447,597
Sales 1,534,269 553,363 1,032,246 3,119,878
Profit for the period 4,549 170,967 58,513 120,682 354,711
Profit for the period attributable to non-controlling interests 2,229 83,774 28,531 15,736 130,270
Cash flows from operating activities 5,034 538,151 46,528 345,168 934,881
Cash flows from investing activities (379,243 ) (31,761 ) (195,587 ) (606,591 )
Cash flows from financing activities before dividends to non-controlling interests (64,696 ) (63,535 ) (11,104 ) (161,447 ) (300,782 )
Dividends to non-controlling interests (36,759 ) (47,584 ) (9,552 ) (43,321 ) (137,216 )
Effect of exchange rate fluctuation 12,321 1,362 447 28,762 42,892
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (84,100 ) 49,151 (5,442 ) (26,425 ) (66,816 )

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

16. Consolidated Subsidiaries, Continued
(7) Changes in goodwill
--- ---
(i) Details of goodwill as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:<br>
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Acquisition cost ~~W~~ 101,727 101,761
Less: accumulated impairment (2,582 ) (2,582 )
Carrying book value ~~W~~ 99,145 99,179
(ii) Changes in goodwill for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for the year ended<br>December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
Beginning Increase Decrease Impairment Others Ending
Acquisition cost ~~W~~ 101,761 (34 ) 101,727
Less: accumulated impairment (2,582 ) (2,582 )
Carrying book value ~~W~~ 99,179 (34 ) 99,145
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
For the year ended December 31, 2024
Beginning Increase Decrease Impairment Others Ending
Acquisition cost ~~W~~ 101,738 23 101,761
Less: accumulated impairment (2,582 ) (2,582 )
Carrying book value ~~W~~ 99,156 23 99,179
(8) Disposals of subsidiaries
--- ---

During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025, the Group sold a portion of its stake in Commerce and Industry Energy Co., Ltd. and reclassified it from a subsidiary to an associate. The Group has completed the liquidation process of PT. KOWEPO Sumsel Operation and Maintenance Services and KEPCO Lebanon SARL for the year ended December 31, 2024.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

17. Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures
(1) Investments in associates and joint ventures as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are asfollows:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of September 30, 2025
Investees Key operation activities Location Percentage<br>of ownership Acquisitioncost Book<br>value
<Associates>
Korea Gas Corporation (*1) Importing and wholesaling LNG Korea 20.47 % ~~W~~ 94,500 2,360,114
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. Electricity metering and others Korea 29.00 % 4,727 31,019
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. Power generation equipment consignment and operation service Korea 29.00 % 88,885 85,774
Korea Power Exchange (*2) Management of power market and others Korea 100.00 % 127,839 270,247
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd.(*3) Power generation Korea 6.85 % 46,373 33,161
SPC Power Corporation (*4) Power generation Philippines 38.00 % 20,635 112,524
Gemeng International Energy Co., Ltd. Power generation China 42.00 % 516,007 767,438
PT. Cirebon Electric Power Power generation Indonesia 27.50 % 40,365 156,286
PT Wampu Electric Power Power generation Indonesia 46.00 % 21,292 34,595
PT. Bayan Resources TBK Resources development Indonesia 20.00 % 615,860 667,848
S-Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 49.00 % 132,300 197,245
Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Laos 25.00 % 87,426 70,842
Goseong Green Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 29.00 % 262,740 290,630
Gangneung Eco Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 29.00 % 261,000 228,751
Shin Pyeongtaek Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 40.00 % 72,000 151,024
Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. (*5) Power generation Korea 33.61 % 148,105 99,095
GS Donghae Electric Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 34.00 % 204,000 282,668
Nepal Water & Energy Development Company<br><br><br>Private Limited (*6, 15) Construction and operation of utility plant Nepal 66.10 % 110,332 163,549
Indeck Niles Development, LLC Holding company USA 50.00 % 249,274 370,629
Saemangeum Sebit Power Plant Co., Ltd. (*7) Power generation Korea 55.14 % 21,037 37,893
PT. Cirebon Energi Prasarana (*8) Power generation Indonesia 10.00 % 26,710 90,324
Others (Taebaek Guinemi Wind Power Co., Ltd. and 82 others) 251,833 291,195
3,403,240 6,792,851
<Joint ventures>
Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. Holding company Netherlands 49.00 % 44,405 80,119
KEPCO SPC Power Corporation (*4,9) Construction and operation of utility plant Philippines 60.00 % 94,579 131,957
Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Power generation China 40.00 % 121,928 203,903
Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Power generation China 40.00 % 39,872 48,506
Rabigh Electricity Company (*10) Power generation Saudi<br>Arabia 40.00 % 109,743 272,860
Jamaica Public Service Company Limited Power generation Jamaica 40.00 % 301,910 410,316
Amman Asia Electric Power Company (*9) Power generation Jordan 60.00 % 111,476 266,753
Chun-cheon Energy Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 29.90 % 52,700 36,682
Nghi Son 2 Power LLC Power generation Vietnam 50.00 % 175,261 542,256
Kelar S.A. (*9) Power generation Chile 65.00 % 78,060 149,204
PT. Tanjung Power Indonesia Power generation Indonesia 35.00 % 57,039 93,816
Barakah One Company (*11) Power generation UAE 18.00 % 1,794,166 1,631,454
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. (*12) Power generation Korea 29.00 % 46,225 33,398
South Jamaica Power Company Limited Power generation Jamaica 20.00 % 20,430 47,595
RE Holiday Holdings LLC Power generation USA 50.00 % 42,948 78,233
RE Pioneer Holdings LLC Power generation USA 50.00 % 27,891 48,474
RE Barren Ridge 1 Holdings LLC Power generation USA 50.00 % 28,021 53,790
Solar Philippines Calatagan Corporation Power generation Philippines 38.00 % 47,903 58,938
Pulau Indah Power Plant Sdn. Bhd. Power generation Malaysia 25.00 % 44,545 52,641
PT Barito Wahana Tenaga Power generation Indonesia 30.61 % 59,574 224,645
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. (*13) Generating and distributing vapor and hot/cold water Korea 50.10 % 49,344 67,918
Naepo Green Energy Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 29.20 % 29,200 59,900
OneEnergy Asia Limited Power generation Vietnam 40.00 % 296,872 473,917
Prime Swedish Holding AB Holding company Sweden 45.00 % 35,410 39,216
Namyangju Combined Heat and Power Co., Ltd. (*13) Generating and distributing vapor and hot/cold water Korea 70.10 % 124,077 121,929
Trumbull Development Partners, LLC (*14) Holding company USA 56.23 % 389,649 414,145
Others (Dangjin Eco Power Co., Ltd. and 96 others) (*16) 660,073 667,522
4,883,301 6,310,087
~~W~~ 8,286,541 13,102,938

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

17. Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, Continued
(1) Investments in associates and joint ventures as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are asfollows, continued:
--- ---
(*1) The effective percentage of ownership, including the effect of hybrid bond, is 21.66%.
--- ---
(*2) The effective percentage of ownership is 100%. However, the Government regulates the Group’s ability to<br>make operating and financial decisions over the entity, as the Government requires maintaining arms-length transactions between KPX and the Group’s other subsidiaries. Accordingly, the entity is not classified as a consolidated subsidiary. The<br>Group can exercise significant influence by virtue of right to nominate directors to the board of directors of the entity.
--- ---
(*3) The effective percentage of ownership is less than 20%. However, the Group can exercise significant influence by<br>virtue of its contractual right to appoint directors to the board of directors of the entity, and by strict decision criteria of the Group’s financial and operating policy of the board of directors.
--- ---
(*4) The Group is planning to sell its investment in SPC Power Corporation, KEPCO SPC Power Corporation and time or<br>proceeds of sales are not specified as of September 30, 2025.
--- ---
(*5) The effective percentage of ownership is 34.01% considering the conversion of redeemable convertible preferred<br>stock into ordinary stock.
--- ---
(*6) The effective percentage of ownership is more than 50% but the Group does not hold control over the entity<br>according to the shareholders’ agreement. Accordingly, the entity is classified as associates.
--- ---
(*7) The effective percentage of ownership is more than 50% but the Group does not hold control over relevant<br>business while it exercises significant influence by participating in the Investment Decision Committee. Accordingly, the entity is classified as associates.
--- ---
(*8) The effective percentage of ownership is less than 20%. However, the entity is classified as an associate<br>because the Group exercises significant influence over the critical decisions related to finance and operation.
--- ---
(*9) The effective percentage of ownership is more than 50%. However, according to the shareholders’ agreement,<br>all critical financial and operating decisions must be agreed to by all ownership parties and the Group can exercise same voting rights as other shareholders at the board of directors. Accordingly, the entities are classified as joint ventures.<br>
--- ---
(*10) The effective percentage of ownership is less than 50%. However, all critical financial and operating decisions<br>must be agreed to by all ownership parties. Accordingly, the entities are classified as joint ventures.
--- ---
(*11) The effective percentage of ownership is less than 50%. However, all critical financial and operating decisions<br>must be agreed by all ownership parties. Accordingly, the entity is classified as joint ventures.
--- ---
(*12) Although the nominal percentage of ownership is 29%, the effective percentage of ownership is 54.24%,<br>considering the interest of financial investors as a liability component.
--- ---
(*13) Although the Group’s effective percentage of ownership is more than 50%, the entity is classified as a<br>joint venture since the entity’s critical financial and operating decisions require unanimous agreement of members in the board of directors.
--- ---
(*14) Although the Group holds more than 50% of the equity interest, the investee has been classified as a joint<br>venture, considering the minimum voting rights required by the representative committee under the joint shareholders’ agreement for decisions on critical financial and operating policies.
--- ---
(*15) The Group’s ownership interest was changed during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025, as<br>a result of a disproportionate capital contribution by a financial investor.
--- ---
(*16) During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025, Jeonju Bio Green Energy Co., Ltd. and DE Energia SpA<br>were liquidated and excluded from joint ventures.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

17. Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, Continued
(1) Investments in associates and joint ventures as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are asfollows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of December 31, 2024
Investees Key operation activities Location Percentage<br>of ownership Acquisitioncost Book<br>value
<Associates>
Korea Gas Corporation (*1) Importing and wholesaling LNG Korea 20.47 % ~~W~~ 94,500 2,289,304
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. Electricity metering and others Korea 29.00 % 4,727 30,177
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. Power generation equipment consignment and operation service Korea 29.00 % 88,885 87,393
Korea Power Exchange (*2) Management of power market and others Korea 100.00 % 127,839 273,962
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd.(*3) Power generation Korea 6.85 % 46,373 31,093
SPC Power Corporation (*4) Power generation Philippines 38.00 % 20,635 107,574
Gemeng International Energy Co., Ltd. Power generation China 42.00 % 516,007 728,338
PT. Cirebon Electric Power Power generation Indonesia 27.50 % 40,365 157,530
PT Wampu Electric Power Power generation Indonesia 46.00 % 21,292 39,268
PT. Bayan Resources TBK Resources development Indonesia 20.00 % 615,860 717,376
S-Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 49.00 % 132,300 180,372
Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Laos 25.00 % 87,426 73,065
Goseong Green Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 29.00 % 262,740 284,542
Gangneung Eco Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 29.00 % 261,000 241,814
Shin Pyeongtaek Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 40.00 % 72,000 139,059
Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. (*5) Power generation Korea 33.61 % 148,105 91,351
GS Donghae Electric Power Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 34.00 % 204,000 279,432
Nepal Water & Energy Development Company Private Limited (*6) Construction and operation of utility plant Nepal 68.88 % 110,332 170,955
Indeck Niles Development, LLC Holding company USA 50.00 % 249,274 370,970
Saemangeum Sebit Power Plant Co., Ltd. (*7) Power generation Korea 55.14 % 21,037 37,110
PT. Cirebon Energi Prasarana (*8) Power generation Indonesia 10.00 % 26,710 96,846
Others (Taebaek Guinemi Wind Power Co., Ltd. and 76 others) 243,426 277,223
3,394,833 6,704,754
<Joint ventures>
Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. Holding company Netherlands 49.00 % 44,405 86,450
KEPCO SPC Power Corporation (*4,9) Construction and operation of utility plant Philippines 60.00 % 94,579 159,139
Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Power generation China 40.00 % 121,928 204,516
Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Power generation China 40.00 % 39,872 48,325
Rabigh Electricity Company (*10) Power generation Saudi<br>Arabia 40.00 % 109,743 269,893
Jamaica Public Service Company Limited Power generation Jamaica 40.00 % 301,910 412,616
Amman Asia Electric Power Company (*9) Power generation Jordan 60.00 % 111,476 268,864
Chun-cheon Energy Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 29.90 % 52,700 36,599
Nghi Son 2 Power LLC Power generation Vietnam 50.00 % 175,261 563,079
Kelar S.A. (*9) Power generation Chile 65.00 % 78,060 152,367
PT. Tanjung Power Indonesia Power generation Indonesia 35.00 % 57,039 100,580
Barakah One Company (*11) Power generation UAE 18.00 % 118
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. (*12) Power generation Korea 29.00 % 46,225 30,513
South Jamaica Power Company Limited Power generation Jamaica 20.00 % 20,430 48,760
RE Holiday Holdings LLC Power generation USA 50.00 % 42,948 89,780
RE Pioneer Holdings LLC Power generation USA 50.00 % 27,891 55,622
RE Barren Ridge 1 Holdings LLC Power generation USA 50.00 % 28,021 59,806
Solar Philippines Calatagan Corporation Power generation Philippines 38.00 % 47,903 63,695
Pulau Indah Power Plant Sdn. Bhd. Power generation Malaysia 25.00 % 39,052 50,721
PT Barito Wahana Tenaga Power generation Indonesia 30.61 % 59,574 207,565
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. (*13) Generating and distributing vapor and hot/cold water Korea 50.10 % 49,344 46,158
Naepo Green Energy Co., Ltd. Power generation Korea 29.20 % 29,200 48,031
OneEnergy Asia Limited Power generation Vietnam 40.00 % 258,011 465,349
Prime Swedish Holding AB Holding company Sweden 45.00 % 35,410 37,559
Namyangju Combined Heat and Power Co., Ltd. (*14) Generating and distributing vapor and hot/cold water Korea 70.10 % 53,977 51,768
Trumbull Development Partners, LLC Holding company USA 56.23 % 304,836 355,379
Others (Dangjin Eco Power Co., Ltd. and 90 others) 651,051 668,206
2,880,964 4,581,340
~~W~~ 6,275,797 11,286,094

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

17. Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, Continued
(1) Investments in associates and joint ventures as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are asfollows, continued:
--- ---
(*1) The effective percentage of ownership, including the effect of hybrid bond, is 21.66%.
--- ---
(*2) The effective percentage of ownership is 100%. However, the Government regulates the Group’s ability to<br>make operating and financial decisions over the entity, as the Government requires maintaining arms-length transactions between KPX and the Group’s other subsidiaries. Accordingly, the entity is not classified as a consolidated subsidiary. The<br>Group can exercise significant influence by virtue of right to nominate directors to the board of directors of the entity.
--- ---
(*3) The effective percentage of ownership is less than 20%. However, the Group can exercise significant influence by<br>virtue of its contractual right to appoint directors to the board of directors of the entity, and by strict decision criteria of the Group’s financial and operating policy of the board of directors.
--- ---
(*4) The Group is planning to sell its investment in SPC Power Corporation, KEPCO SPC Power Corporation and time or<br>proceeds of sales are not specified as of December 31, 2024.
--- ---
(*5) The effective percentage of ownership is 34.01% considering the conversion of redeemable convertible preferred<br>stock into ordinary stock.
--- ---
(*6) The effective percentage of ownership is more than 50% but the Group does not hold control over the entity<br>according to the shareholders’ agreement. Accordingly, the entity is classified as associates.
--- ---
(*7) The effective percentage of ownership is more than 50% but the Group does not hold control over relevant<br>business while it exercises significant influence by participating in the Investment Decision Committee. Accordingly, the entity is classified as associates.
--- ---
(*8) The effective percentage of ownership is less than 20%. However, the entity is classified as an associate<br>because the Group exercises significant influence over the decisions related to finance and operation.
--- ---
(*9) The effective percentage of ownership is more than 50%. However, according to the shareholders’ agreement,<br>all critical financial and operating decisions must be agreed to by all ownership parties and the Group can exercise same voting rights as other shareholders at the board of directors. Accordingly, the entities are classified as joint ventures.<br>
--- ---
(*10) The effective percentage of ownership is less than 50%. However, all critical financial and operating decisions<br>must be agreed to by all ownership parties. Accordingly, the entities are classified as joint ventures.
--- ---
(*11) The effective percentage of ownership is less than 50%. However, decisions in relevant activities must be agreed<br>by ownership parties. Accordingly, the entity is classified as joint ventures.
--- ---
(*12) Although the nominal percentage of ownership is 29%, the effective percentage of ownership is 54.24%,<br>considering the interest of financial investors as a liability component.
--- ---
(*13) Although the Group’s effective percentage of ownership is more than 50%, However, decisions in relevant<br>activities must be agreed by ownership parties. Accordingly, the entity is classified as joint ventures.
--- ---
(*14) Although the Group’s effective percentage of ownership is more than 50%, the entity is classified as joint<br>ventures since the entity’s critical financial and operating decisions require unanimous agreement of members in the board of directors.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

17. Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, Continued
(2) The fair values of investments in associates which are actively traded in an open market as ofSeptember 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- ---
Investees As of September 30,2025 As of December 31,2024
<Associates>
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. ~~W~~ 111,085 88,489
Korea Gas Corporation 738,990 655,830
SPC Power Corporation 109,529 130,063
PT. Bayan Resources TBK 10,260,201 12,298,501

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

17. Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, Continued
(3) Changes in investments in associates and joint ventures for the nine-month period ended September 30,2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
For the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025
Investees Beginningbalance Acquisition Disposals Dividendsreceived Share ofincome(loss) Othercomprehen-sive income(loss) Others Endingbalance
<Associates>
Korea Gas Corporation ~~W~~ 2,289,304 (27,500 ) 116,946 (18,700 ) 64 2,360,114
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. 30,177 (3,470 ) 4,132 180 31,019
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. 87,393 (3,555 ) 1,936 85,774
Korea Power Exchange 273,962 (3,690 ) (25 ) 270,247
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. 31,093 2,070 (2 ) 33,161
SPC Power Corporation 107,574 (5,628 ) 16,241 (5,663 ) 112,524
Gemeng International Energy Co., Ltd. 728,338 (20,644 ) 68,385 (8,641 ) 767,438
PT. Cirebon Electric Power 157,530 6,067 (7,311 ) 156,286
PT Wampu Electric Power 39,268 (3,902 ) 1,175 (1,946 ) 34,595
PT. Bayan Resources TBK 717,376 (109,528 ) 93,684 (33,640 ) (44 ) 667,848
S-Power Co., Ltd. 180,372 16,873 197,245
Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. 73,065 2,793 (5,016 ) 70,842
Goseong Green Power Co., Ltd. 284,542 6,084 4 290,630
Gangneung Eco Power Co., Ltd. 241,814 (13,063 ) 228,751
Shin Pyeongtaek Power Co., Ltd. 139,059 11,965 151,024
Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. 91,351 7,744 99,095
GS Donghae Electric Power Co., Ltd. 279,432 (12,029 ) 15,265 282,668
Nepal Water & Energy Development Company Private Limited 170,955 (52 ) (7,354 ) 163,549
Indeck Niles Development, LLC 370,970 (5,808 ) 31,699 (26,232 ) 370,629
Saemangeum Sebit Power Plant Co., Ltd. 37,110 783 37,893
PT. Cirebon Energi Prasarana 96,846 1,992 (8,514 ) 90,324
Others (Taebaek Guinemi Wind Power Co., Ltd. and 82 others) 277,223 10,167 (1,760 ) (11,572 ) 19,552 (3,630 ) 1,215 291,195
6,704,754 10,167 (1,760 ) (203,636 ) 408,581 (126,672 ) 1,417 6,792,851
<Joint ventures>
Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. 86,450 (1,080 ) 1,758 (7,009 ) 80,119
KEPCO SPC Power Corporation 159,139 (27,876 ) 8,223 (7,529 ) 131,957
Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. 204,516 3,838 (4,451 ) 203,903
Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. 48,325 1,107 (926 ) 48,506
Rabigh Electricity Company 269,893 (1,696 ) 22,543 (17,880 ) 272,860
Jamaica Public Service Company Limited 412,616 (9,700 ) 22,188 (14,788 ) 410,316
Amman Asia Electric Power Company 268,864 15,490 (17,601 ) 266,753
Chun-cheon Energy Co., Ltd. 36,599 83 36,682
Nghi Son 2 Power LLC 563,079 34,820 (55,643 ) 542,256
Kelar S.A. 152,367 5,841 (9,004 ) 149,204
PT. Tanjung Power Indonesia 100,580 (4,785 ) 5,269 (7,087 ) (161 ) 93,816
Barakah One Company 1,794,047 (99,651 ) (62,942 ) 1,631,454
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. 30,513 2,885 33,398
South Jamaica Power Company Limited 48,760 (2,436 ) 3,431 (2,160 ) 47,595
RE Holiday Holdings LLC 89,780 (7,281 ) (4,266 ) 78,233
RE Pioneer Holdings LLC 55,622 (4,871 ) (2,277 ) 48,474
RE Barren Ridge 1 Holdings LLC 59,806 (1,663 ) (1,764 ) (2,589 ) 53,790
Solar Philippines Calatagan Corporation 63,695 (6,480 ) 4,764 (3,041 ) 58,938
Pulau Indah Power Plant Sdn. Bhd. 50,721 5,493 1,281 (4,854 ) 52,641
PT Barito Wahana Tenaga 207,565 39,669 (22,589 ) 224,645
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. 46,158 21,760 67,918
Naepo Green Energy Co., Ltd. 48,031 (13,432 ) 25,301 59,900
OneEnergy Asia Limited 465,349 38,861 15,423 (45,716 ) 473,917
Prime Swedish Holding AB 37,559 (1,284 ) 2,941 39,216
Namyangju Combined Heat and Power Co., Ltd. 51,768 70,100 (69 ) 130 121,929
Trumbull Development Partners, LLC 355,379 84,813 (288 ) (25,759 ) 414,145
Others (Dangjin Eco Power Co., Ltd. and 98 others) 668,206 20,635 (11,185 ) (15,978 ) 26,668 (20,824 ) 667,522
4,581,340 2,013,949 (11,185 ) (85,126 ) 147,134 (335,864 ) (161 ) 6,310,087
~~W~~ 11,286,094 2,024,116 (12,945 ) (288,762 ) 555,715 (462,536 ) 1,256 13,102,938

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

17. Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, Continued
(3) Changes in investments in associates and joint ventures for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025and for the year ended December 31, 2024 are as follows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
For the year ended December 31,2024
Investees Beginningbalance Acquisition Disposals Dividendsreceived Share ofincome(loss) Othercomprehen-sive income(loss) Others Endingbalance
<Associates>
Korea Gas Corporation ~~W~~ 1,970,643 248,385 36,628 33,648 2,289,304
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. 29,500 (2,801 ) 3,124 354 30,177
YTN Co., Ltd. 52,303 (52,303 )
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. 118,173 (3,555 ) 2,712 (29,937 ) 87,393
Korea Power Exchange 274,286 2,768 (59 ) (3,033 ) 273,962
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. 26,834 4,301 (42 ) 31,093
SPC Power Corporation 78,931 (13,529 ) 13,412 28,760 107,574
Gemeng International Energy Co., Ltd. 705,812 (22,908 ) (33,472 ) 78,870 36 728,338
PT. Cirebon Electric Power 134,259 4,144 19,127 157,530
PT Wampu Electric Power 34,555 (3,765 ) 3,495 152 4,831 39,268
PT. Bayan Resources TBK 619,207 (168,698 ) 187,634 79,332 (99 ) 717,376
S-Power Co., Ltd. 162,765 17,607 180,372
Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. 116,378 (20,217 ) 11,861 (34,957 ) 73,065
Goseong Green Power Co., Ltd. 287,624 (3,026 ) (56 ) 284,542
Gangneung Eco Power Co., Ltd. 254,929 (13,115 ) 241,814
Shin Pyeongtaek Power Co., Ltd. 145,026 (30,080 ) 24,145 (32 ) 139,059
Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. 87,203 4,141 7 91,351
GS Donghae Electric Power Co., Ltd. 259,085 20,323 24 279,432
Nepal Water & Energy Development Company Private Limited 110,573 7,392 52,990 170,955
Indeck Niles Development, LLC 335,401 (14,551 ) (10,591 ) 12,909 47,802 370,970
Saemangeum Sebit Power Plant Co., Ltd. 37,191 (81 ) 37,110
PT. Cirebon Energi Prasarana 76,597 6,051 2,782 11,416 96,846
Others (Taebaek Guinemi Wind Power Co., Ltd. and 81 others) 259,614 18,987 (10,772 ) (10,941 ) 10,004 2,656 7,675 277,223
6,176,889 18,987 (77,626 ) (266,868 ) 502,636 341,774 8,962 6,704,754
<Joint ventures>
Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. 69,902 1,709 14,839 86,450
KEPCO SPC Power Corporation 196,544 (28,591 ) 16,714 (25,528 ) 159,139
Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. 186,739 (10,624 ) 7,772 20,629 204,516
Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. 43,207 (591 ) 813 4,896 48,325
Rabigh Electricity Company 235,051 (7,270 ) 17,147 24,965 269,893
Jamaica Public Service Company Limited 349,866 (15,215 ) 28,849 49,463 (347 ) 412,616
Amman Asia Electric Power Company 223,424 (8,171 ) 20,485 33,126 268,864
Chun-cheon Energy Co., Ltd. 35,083 1,516 36,599
Nghi Son 2 Power LLC 417,989 45,889 99,201 563,079
Kelar S.A. 131,529 4,739 (2,498 ) 18,597 152,367
PT. Tanjung Power Indonesia 90,151 (8,349 ) 6,138 14,122 (1,482 ) 100,580
Barakah One Company
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. 26,430 4,103 (20 ) 30,513
South Jamaica Power Company Limited 43,109 (2,895 ) 2,704 5,842 48,760
RE Holiday Holdings LLC 84,092 (3,139 ) 8,827 89,780
RE Pioneer Holdings LLC 54,081 (2,910 ) 4,451 55,622
RE Barren Ridge 1 Holdings LLC 58,154 (1,966 ) (1,546 ) 5,164 59,806
Solar Philippines Calatagan Corporation 58,130 (6,107 ) 6,523 5,149 63,695
Pulau Indah Power Plant Sdn. Bhd. 25,603 14,713 (816 ) 11,221 50,721
PT Barito Wahana Tenaga 156,994 24,435 26,136 207,565
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. 25,549 20,609 46,158
Naepo Green Enegry Co., Ltd. 5,285 32,284 10,462 48,031
OneEnergy Asia Limited 289,966 62,880 47,346 65,157 465,349
Prime Swedish Holding AB 38,789 (3,782 ) 2,552 37,559
Namyangju Combined Heat and Power Co., Ltd. 3,850 50,127 (1,519 ) (690 ) 51,768
Trumbull Development Partners, LLC 304,836 7,976 42,567 355,379
Others (Dangjin Eco Power Co., Ltd. and 90 others) 636,182 22,847 (68 ) (7,730 ) (31,223 ) 46,856 1,342 668,206
3,485,699 455,403 (68 ) (97,509 ) 252,816 453,895 31,104 4,581,340
~~W~~ 9,662,588 474,390 (77,694 ) (364,377 ) 755,452 795,669 40,066 11,286,094

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

17. Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, Continued
(4) The summarized financial information of associates and joint ventures as of and for the nine-month periodended September 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 is as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of and for the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025
Investees Total assets Totalliabilities Sales Profit(loss) for<br>the period
<Associates>
Korea Gas Corporation ~~W~~ 52,949,555 41,797,143 26,734,978 539,086
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. 216,034 109,071 288,683 4,991
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. 661,900 263,925 82,628 7,227
Korea Power Exchange 370,420 100,173 92,327 4,300
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. 1,094,986 598,911 296,542 29,244
SPC Power Corporation 314,653 18,538 52,452 43,150
Gemeng International Energy Co., Ltd. 8,095,432 5,431,145 2,267,740 168,042
PT. Cirebon Electric Power 692,773 124,460 222,286 22,060
PT Wampu Electric Power 182,429 107,223 13,302 2,553
PT. Bayan Resources TBK 4,268,872 1,007,181 3,447,096 737,475
S-Power Co., Ltd. 677,504 272,932 505,909 34,305
Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. 1,331,312 904,514 156,439 11,048
Goseong Green Power Co., Ltd. 5,038,519 4,001,703 1,006,462 32,218
Gangneung Eco Power Co., Ltd. 5,436,871 4,769,996 742,970 (21,880 )
Shin Pyeongtaek Power Co., Ltd. 1,105,511 702,934 565,103 28,669
Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. 1,327,455 999,495 861,330 22,219
GS Donghae Electric Power Co., Ltd. 1,803,499 972,123 437,132 44,895
Nepal Water & Energy Development Company Private Limited 626,202 380,114 65,219 (12,803 )
Indeck Niles Development, LLC 1,195,778 655,398 286,950 64,816
Saemangeum Sebit Power Plant Co., Ltd. 145,103 76,540 16,330 1,424
PT. Cirebon Energi Prasarana 3,656,554 2,753,314 369,796 19,922
<Joint ventures>
Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. 163,537 29 (226 )
KEPCO SPC Power Corporation 247,912 27,984 126,862 13,920
Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. 804,691 294,932 80,250 12,810
Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. 173,156 51,891 20,315 2,931
Rabigh Electricity Company 2,438,281 1,661,500 274,983 55,120
Jamaica Public Service Company Limited 2,560,785 1,571,803 1,182,276 60,069
Amman Asia Electric Power Company 724,675 280,086 23,143 25,874
Chun-cheon Energy Co., Ltd. 513,177 389,676 281,121 255
Nghi Son 2 Power LLC 4,012,976 2,928,465 608,019 69,204
Kelar S.A. 656,977 432,406 85,293 12,959
PT. Tanjung Power Indonesia 705,440 437,396 78,004 14,993
Barakah One Company 44,484,057 36,392,384 2,357,842 170,409
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. 473,548 374,551 216,687 5,554
South Jamaica Power Company Limited 511,934 273,944 211,767 17,158
RE Holiday Holdings LLC 327,416 170,950 14,367 (9,206 )
RE Pioneer Holdings LLC 247,819 150,871 5,755 (6,548 )
RE Barren Ridge 1 Holdings LLC 202,432 94,852 7,792 (1,672 )
Solar Philippines Calatagan Corporation 159,699 35,147 17,192 9,348
Pulau Indah Power Plant Sdn. Bhd. 1,384,840 1,196,846 316,233 (191 )
PT Barito Wahana Tenaga 733,841 106,677
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. 476,975 345,320 114,847 43,424
Naepo Green Energy Co., Ltd. 767,567 574,215 334,106 82,463
OneEnergy Asia Limited 3,421,827 2,300,815 87,853 34,669
Prime Swedish Holding AB 150,461 66,566 7,631 (2,853 )
Namyangju Combined Heat and Power Co., Ltd. 175,082 1,419 (97 )
Trumbull Development Partners, LLC 1,697,196 1,049,043 (418 )

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

17. Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, Continued
(4) The summarized financial information of associates and joint ventures as of and for the nine-month periodended September 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 is as follows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of and for the year endedDecember 31, 2024
Investees Total assets Totalliabilities Sales Profit (loss) for<br>the period
<Associates>
Korea Gas Corporation ~~W~~ 57,669,638 46,843,282 38,388,740 1,148,985
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. 213,423 109,367 361,690 14,587
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. 698,653 295,095 109,081 9,354
Korea Power Exchange 365,652 91,690 120,586 1,795
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. 1,117,771 651,892 397,332 61,893
SPC Power Corporation 301,805 18,716 72,191 35,657
Gemeng International Energy Co., Ltd. 8,301,632 5,803,020 2,907,291 (66,765 )
PT. Cirebon Electric Power 742,634 169,796 281,041 15,070
PT Wampu Electric Power 209,724 124,358 19,146 7,598
PT. Bayan Resources TBK 5,338,900 2,100,603 4,700,051 1,285,816
S-Power Co., Ltd. 739,732 369,429 734,607 35,889
Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. 1,414,921 979,112 182,433 (81,032 )
Goseong Green Power Co., Ltd. 5,129,641 4,125,053 1,310,775 2,823
Gangneung Eco Power Co., Ltd. 5,359,845 4,667,564 635,026 (10,547 )
Shin Pyeongtaek Power Co., Ltd. 1,052,048 678,140 841,818 58,855
Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. 1,350,004 1,044,020 1,360,809 10,453
GS Donghae Electric Power Co., Ltd. 1,910,960 1,089,101 535,012 59,776
Nepal Water & Energy Development Company Private Limited 666,316 419,386 123,848 10,732
Indeck Niles Development, LLC 1,234,170 704,296 284,855 32,491
Saemangeum Sebit Power Plant Co., Ltd. 160,225 93,086 20,376 (147 )
PT. Cirebon Energi Prasarana 3,831,992 2,863,534 543,340 60,512
<Joint ventures>
Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. 176,569 137 (370 )
KEPCO SPC Power Corporation 291,538 26,307 190,296 28,108
Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. 900,001 388,711 115,297 17,722
Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. 180,827 60,016 26,678 2,031
Rabigh Electricity Company 2,651,843 1,873,439 353,677 63,270
Jamaica Public Service Company Limited 2,649,022 1,656,068 1,490,606 76,611
Amman Asia Electric Power Company 791,478 343,371 22,776 34,047
Chun-cheon Energy Co., Ltd. 533,211 409,989 430,679 4,890
Nghi Son 2 Power LLC 4,412,970 3,286,814 921,504 91,777
Kelar S.A. 715,489 486,293 112,110 9,733
PT. Tanjung Power Indonesia 754,514 467,144 106,081 17,705
Barakah One Company 43,235,235 45,056,439 1,636,730 (53,778 )
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. 493,595 399,918 338,750 7,344
South Jamaica Power Company Limited 532,323 288,501 250,519 14,460
RE Holiday Holdings LLC 363,750 184,188 20,251 (1,413 )
RE Pioneer Holdings LLC 272,900 161,657 13,343 (3,168 )
RE Barren Ridge 1 Holdings LLC 224,922 105,310 12,905 (1,301 )
Solar Philippines Calatagan Corporation 166,126 37,872 19,412 8,733
Pulau Indah Power Plant Sdn. Bhd. 1,054,236 873,923 40,818 (2,896 )
PT Barito Wahana Tenaga 678,043 74,744
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. 463,574 375,343 142,400 41,124
Naepo Green Energy Co., Ltd. 738,857 586,152 467,225 124,830
OneEnergy Asia Limited 3,237,191 2,137,600 424,036 100,781
Prime Swedish Holding AB 143,102 62,354 8,911 (8,404 )
Namyangju Combined Heat and Power Co., Ltd. 75,474 1,899 (2,410 )
Trumbull Development Partners, LLC 1,582,082 1,042,712 14,174

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

17. Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, Continued
(5) The financial information of associates and joint ventures reconciled to the Group’s investments incondensed consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of September 30, 2025
Investees Net assets Percentage ofownership (*) Share in<br>net assets Investment<br>differential Intercompany<br>transaction Others Book value
<Associates>
Korea Gas Corporation ~~W~~ 11,152,412 21.66 % 2,415,612 (55,498 ) 2,360,114
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. 106,963 29.00 % 31,019 31,019
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. 397,975 29.00 % 115,413 (29,639 ) 85,774
Korea Power Exchange 270,247 100.00 % 270,247 270,247
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. 496,075 6.85 % 33,981 (820 ) 33,161
SPC Power Corporation 296,115 38.00 % 112,524 112,524
Gemeng International Energy Co., Ltd. 2,664,287 42.00 % 1,119,002 (351,564 ) 767,438
PT. Cirebon Electric Power 568,313 27.50 % 156,286 156,286
PT Wampu Electric Power 75,206 46.00 % 34,595 34,595
PT. Bayan Resources TBK 3,261,691 20.00 % 652,339 91,889 (76,380 ) 667,848
S-Power Co., Ltd. 404,572 49.00 % 198,240 (995 ) 197,245
Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. 426,798 25.00 % 106,700 305 (915 ) (35,248 ) 70,842
Goseong Green Power Co., Ltd. 1,036,816 29.00 % 300,676 (10,046 ) 290,630
Gangneung Eco Power Co., Ltd. 666,875 29.00 % 193,394 46,042 (10,685 ) 228,751
Shin Pyeongtaek Power Co., Ltd. 402,577 40.00 % 161,031 3,559 (13,566 ) 151,024
Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. 327,960 34.01 % 111,539 1,757 (1,619 ) (12,582 ) 99,095
GS Donghae Electric Power Co., Ltd. 831,376 34.00 % 282,668 282,668
Nepal Water & Energy Development Company Private Limited 246,088 66.12 % 162,713 836 163,549
Indeck Niles Development, LLC 540,380 50.00 % 270,189 96,053 4,387 370,629
Saemangeum Sebit Power Plant Co., Ltd. 68,563 55.00 % 37,711 182 37,893
PT. Cirebon Energi Prasarana 903,240 10.00 % 90,324 90,324
<Joint ventures>
Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. 163,508 49.00 % 80,119 80,119
KEPCO SPC Power Corporation 219,928 60.00 % 131,957 131,957
Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. 509,759 40.00 % 203,903 203,903
Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. 121,265 40.00 % 48,506 48,506
Rabigh Electricity Company 776,781 40.00 % 310,713 (37,048 ) (805 ) 272,860
Jamaica Public Service Company Limited 988,982 40.00 % 395,593 29,357 (14,634 ) 410,316
Amman Asia Electric Power Company 444,589 60.00 % 266,753 266,753
Chun-cheon Energy Co., Ltd. 123,501 29.90 % 36,927 3 (248 ) 36,682
Nghi Son 2 Power LLC 1,084,511 50.00 % 542,256 542,256
Kelar S.A. 224,571 65.00 % 145,972 3,232 149,204
PT. Tanjung Power Indonesia 268,044 35.00 % 93,816 93,816
Barakah One Company 8,091,673 18.00 % 1,456,501 174,953 1,631,454
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. 98,997 54.24 % 53,696 84 (20,382 ) 33,398
South Jamaica Power Company Limited 237,990 20.00 % 47,598 (3 ) 47,595
RE Holiday Holdings LLC 156,466 50.00 % 78,233 78,233
RE Pioneer Holdings LLC 96,948 50.00 % 48,474 48,474
RE Barren Ridge 1 Holdings LLC 107,580 50.00 % 53,790 53,790
Solar Philippines Calatagan Corporation 124,552 38.00 % 47,330 11,608 58,938
Pulau Indah Power Plant Sdn. Bhd. 187,994 25.00 % 46,998 5,643 52,641
PT Barito Wahana Tenaga 733,841 30.61 % 224,645 224,645
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. 131,655 50.10 % 65,959 3,137 (1,178 ) 67,918
Naepo Green Energy Co., Ltd. 193,352 29.20 % 56,458 3,442 59,900
OneEnergy Asia Limited 1,121,012 40.00 % 448,405 25,512 473,917
Prime Swedish Holding AB 83,895 45.00 % 37,752 1,223 241 39,216
Namyangju Combined Heat and Power Co., Ltd. 173,663 70.10 % 121,738 191 121,929
Trumbull Development Partners, LLC 648,153 56.23 % 364,456 49,689 414,145

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

17. Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, Continued
(5) The financial information of associates and joint ventures reconciled to the Group’s investments incondensed consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is as follows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of December 31, 2024
Investees Net assets Percentage ofownership (*) Share in<br>net assets Investment<br>differential Intercompany<br>transaction Others Book value
<Associates>
Korea Gas Corporation ~~W~~ 10,826,356 21.66 % 2,344,989 (55,685 ) 2,289,304
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. 104,056 29.00 % 30,177 30,177
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. 403,558 29.00 % 117,033 (29,640 ) 87,393
Korea Power Exchange 273,962 100.00 % 273,962 273,962
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. 465,879 6.85 % 31,913 (820 ) 31,093
SPC Power Corporation 283,089 38.00 % 107,574 107,574
Gemeng International Energy Co., Ltd. 2,498,612 42.00 % 1,049,417 (321,079 ) 728,338
PT. Cirebon Electric Power 572,838 27.50 % 157,530 157,530
PT Wampu Electric Power 85,366 46.00 % 39,268 39,268
PT. Bayan Resources TBK 3,238,297 20.00 % 647,659 146,097 (76,380 ) 717,376
S-Power Co., Ltd. 370,303 49.00 % 181,448 (1,076 ) 180,372
Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. 435,809 25.00 % 108,953 305 (946 ) (35,247 ) 73,065
Goseong Green Power Co., Ltd. 1,004,588 29.00 % 291,331 (6,789 ) 284,542
Gangneung Eco Power Co., Ltd. 692,281 29.00 % 200,761 46,872 (5,819 ) 241,814
Shin Pyeongtaek Power Co., Ltd. 373,908 40.00 % 149,563 3,559 (14,064 ) 1 139,059
Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. 305,984 34.01 % 104,065 1,757 (1,889 ) (12,582 ) 91,351
GS Donghae Electric Power Co., Ltd. 821,859 34.00 % 279,432 279,432
Nepal Water & Energy Development Company Private Limited 246,930 68.88 % 170,083 872 170,955
Indeck Niles Development, LLC 529,874 50.00 % 264,936 101,361 4,673 370,970
Saemangeum Sebit Power Plant Co., Ltd. 67,139 55.00 % 36,928 182 37,110
PT. Cirebon Energi Prasarana 968,458 10.00 % 96,846 96,846
<Joint ventures>
Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. 176,432 49.00 % 86,450 86,450
KEPCO SPC Power Corporation 265,231 60.00 % 159,139 159,139
Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. 511,290 40.00 % 204,516 204,516
Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. 120,811 40.00 % 48,325 48,325
Rabigh Electricity Company 778,404 40.00 % 311,362 (40,752 ) (717 ) 269,893
Jamaica Public Service Company Limited 992,954 40.00 % 397,182 29,357 (13,923 ) 412,616
Amman Asia Electric Power Company 448,107 60.00 % 268,864 268,864
Chun-cheon Energy Co., Ltd. 123,222 29.90 % 36,843 3 (247 ) 36,599
Nghi Son 2 Power LLC 1,126,156 50.00 % 563,079 563,079
Kelar S.A. 229,196 65.00 % 148,978 3,389 152,367
PT. Tanjung Power Indonesia 287,370 35.00 % 100,580 100,580
Barakah One Company (1,821,204 ) 18.00 % (327,817 ) 153,104 174,713
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. 93,677 54.24 % 50,810 84 (20,381 ) 30,513
South Jamaica Power Company Limited 243,822 20.00 % 48,764 (4 ) 48,760
RE Holiday Holdings LLC 179,562 50.00 % 89,780 89,780
RE Pioneer Holdings LLC 111,243 50.00 % 55,622 55,622
RE Barren Ridge 1 Holdings LLC 119,612 50.00 % 59,806 59,806
Solar Philippines Calatagan Corporation 128,254 38.00 % 48,737 14,958 63,695
Pulau Indah Power Plant Sdn. Bhd. 180,313 25.00 % 45,078 5,643 50,721
PT Barito Wahana Tenaga 678,043 30.61 % 207,565 207,565
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. 88,231 50.10 % 44,204 3,137 (1,183 ) 46,158
Naepo Green Energy Co., Ltd. 152,705 29.20 % 44,590 3,441 48,031
OneEnergy Asia Limited 1,099,591 40.00 % 439,837 25,512 465,349
Prime Swedish Holding AB 80,748 45.00 % 36,336 1,223 37,559
Namyangju Combined Heat and Power Co., Ltd. 73,575 70.10 % 51,575 193 51,768
Trumbull Development Partners, LLC 539,370 56.23 % 303,288 52,091 355,379
(*) The percentage of ownership shown above is the effective ownership ratio that takes into account treasury<br>stocks.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

17. Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, Continued
(6) The share of losses of associates and joint ventures that has not been recognized due to the discontinuationof loss recognition as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Unrecognizedequity interest Accumulated<br>unrecognizedequity interest Unrecognizedequity interest Accumulated<br>unrecognizedequity interest
Boim Combined Heat and Power Generation Co., Ltd. ~~W~~ 3,112 31,835 769 28,723
Samcheok Eco Materials Co., Ltd. 262 5,588 895 5,326
Barakah One Company (174,713 ) 33,994 174,713
KAPES, Inc. 6,927 10,858 916 3,931
ITR Co., Ltd. (15 ) 14 15
SEP Co., Ltd. 15 15
Noeul Green Energy Co., Ltd. (1,117 ) 2,718 (1,377 ) 3,835
PlatformN. Co., Ltd. 18 (44 ) 18
KEPCO KPS CARABAO Corp. (70 ) 174 207 244
Bitsolar Energy Co., Ltd. 256 1,520 1,264 1,264
Green Energy Electricity Generation Co., Ltd. (396 ) 396 396
O2&B Global Co., Ltd. 13 19 6 6
Pulau Indah O&M Sdn. Bhd. (1 ) 1 1
Foresight Iberian Solar Group Holding, S.L. 5,975 10,370 4,395 4,395
Green Radiation Co., Ltd., (11 ) 11 11
Hoenggye Renewable Energy Co., Ltd., (266 ) 266 266
CapMan Lynx SCA, SICAR 2,716 33,806 31,090 31,090
G.GURU Co., Ltd. 4 4
International Offshore Power Transmission Holding Company Limited 68 68
Jeju Gimnyeong Wind Power Co., Ltd. 18 18
Korea Energy Data Co., Ltd. 1 1

68

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

17. Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, Continued
(7) As of September 30, 2025, shareholders’ agreements on investments in associates and jointventures that may cause future economic resource or cash outflows are as follows:
--- ---
(i) Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd.
--- ---

In the case where non-controlling shareholders decide to dispose of their shares in Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. after the warrant period in the EPC contract of defect repair for wind power generator has expired, the Group acquires those shares at fair value. The acquisition is to be made after the conditions of the acquisition are discussed among the parties involved, with consideration of various factors such as financial status and business situation.

(ii) Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd.

In the case where non-controlling shareholders decide to dispose of their shares in Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. after commercial operation of the power plant has started, the Group acquires those shares at fair value. The acquisition is to be made after the conditions of the acquisition are discussed among the parties involved, with consideration of various factors such as financial status and business situation.

(iii) Daeryun Power Co., Ltd.

The Group reserves the right to participate in the transfer of shares in Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. on the same terms as Daeryun E&S Co., Ltd., if Daeryun E&S Co., Ltd. wishes to transfer its shares in Daeryun Power Co., Ltd.

(iv) Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd.

The Group has a right to purchase all the shares of Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. held by the financial investors at the yield-based transfer amount agreed with the shareholders. The Group can exercise its right 5, 10 and 13 years after the date of the investment. Also, the Group has a right to purchase all or part of the shares of Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. held by Lotte Engineering & Construction Co. at the yield-based transfer amount agreed with the shareholders.

(v) Yeonggwang Wind Power Co., Ltd.

In case the Group intends to purchase all or part of the shares from Daehan Green Energy Co., Ltd., which is a non-controlling shareholder, Daehan Green Energy Co., Ltd. has an obligation to evaluate the shares at fair value and transfer them to the Group.

(vi) Omisan Wind Power Co., Ltd.

The Group has the right to claim Unison Co., Ltd. to transfer its shares in Omisan Wind Power Co., Ltd. either as a whole or as a part after the completion of the power generation complex, and if the Group exercises its right to claim transfer, Unison Co., Ltd. is obliged to transfer such shares at fair value to the Group or a third party designated by the Group.

(vii) Geumsungsan Wind Power Co., Ltd.

The Group has a right to purchase shares owned by Daemyung Energy Co., Ltd., within the range of 18%, for 3 years after the commencement of the operation.

(viii) Seokmun Green Energy

According to the special conditions of the REC trading contract, the Group may demand the sale of ownership stakes held by other investors to the Group, or the investors may acquire new stakes or modify business documents through a capital increase in Seokmun Green Energy with prior written consent from the trustee. In the event that other investors sell their stakes to the Group, they may demand that the Group purchase their stakes in the future if certain conditions are met.

(ix) Taebaek Guinemi Wind Power Co., Ltd.

If shareholders of Taebaek Guinemi Wind Power Co., Ltd. other than the Group intend to sell their shares after the elapse of warranty period for wind power generators specified in the EPC contract, the Group has preferential right to other parties and third parties to take over the shares that the shareholders want to sell at fair value by reaching agreement with the shareholders on the timing of sales and volume of shares to be sold considering the financial conditions, management conditions and others.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

17. Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, Continued
(7) As of September 30, 2025, shareholders’ agreements on investments in associates and jointventures that may cause future economic resource or cash outflows are as follows, continued:
--- ---
(x) HORANG ENERGY Inc.
--- ---

The Group has the right to purchase all or partial shares of HORANG ENERGY Inc. held by other shareholders after three years have elapsed from the date of commencing the operations under the unanimous agreement of all shareholders. The Group also has an obligation to sell its shares in HORANG ENERGY Inc. either as a whole or as a part to CNcore Co., Ltd. after three years have elapsed from the date of commencing the operations upon the claim of CNcore Co., Ltd., under the unanimous agreement of all shareholders.

(xi) Namyangju Combined Heat and Power Co., Ltd.

The Group has an obligation to purchase certain shares from Narae Energy Co., Ltd. at fair value when Narae Energy Co., Ltd. intends to sell its shares in Namyangju Combined Heat and Power Co., Ltd. on the exercise date agreed upon in accordance with the shareholders’ agreement. If Narae Energy Co., Ltd. becomes the largest shareholder by selling, assigning, or transferring shares in accordance with the shareholders’ agreement, the Group is obligated to guarantee the drag-along right that allows Narae Energy Co., Ltd. to sell the shares held by both shareholders under the same conditions.

(xii) Jeongeup Green Power Co., Ltd.

The Group has the right to acquire the shares held by M Eco Co., Ltd. at fair value on the date when it has been third, seventh, and tenth year from the beginning date of commercial operation. However, if M Eco Co., Ltd. transfers its shares to the entity holding the majority of shares in M Eco Co., Ltd., its right to transfer shares to the shareholder prevails the Group’s right to acquire shares from M Eco Co., Ltd.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

17. Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, Continued
(8) Significant restrictions on the Group’s abilities on associates and joint ventures as ofSeptember 30, 2025 are as follows:
--- ---
Company Nature and extent of any significantrestrictions
--- ---
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied and prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without prior written consent of<br>financial institutions.
Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. Principals and interests on subordinated loans or dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Shares cannot be wholly or<br>partially transferred without prior written consent of the financial institutions.
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or prior written consent of financial institutions. Shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without prior consent of the financial<br>institutions.
KNH Solar Co., Ltd. Shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without the prior written consent of other shareholders.
Korea Power Engineering Service Co., Ltd. Shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without the consent of the board of directors.
Daehan Wind Power PSC Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied. Also, shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without the consent of the stakeholders.
Daejung Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. Before the commencement of the operation, shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without the prior written consent of other shareholders.
Naepo Green Energy Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid to shareholders when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied and prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without prior<br>consent of interested parties. All or part of the stocks held cannot be transferred without the written consent of the financial institution and if the conditions for the O&M utilization rate are not met or if a payment deferment is necessary<br>due to the fulfillment of the obligation to provide funds, the contract amount will be paid in a subordinated order.
Solaseado Solar Power Co., Ltd. Principals and interests on subordinated loans or dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the shareholders’ agreement are satisfied. Also, shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without the consent of other<br>stakeholders including shareholders and financial institutions.
Samcheok Eco Materials Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the shareholders’ agreement are satisfied. Also, shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without the written consent of the other shareholders.
Taebaek Guinemi Wind Power Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied and consent of the financial institutions is obtained. Also, shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without the written consent of the<br>financial institutions.
Indeck Niles Asset Management, LLC Shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without the consent of the stakeholders.
Indeck Niles Development, LLC Shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without the consent of the stakeholders.
Chester Solar IV SpA Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied. Also, shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without the consent of the stakeholders.
Chester Solar V SpA Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied. Also, shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without the consent of the stakeholders.
Diego de Almagro Solar SpA Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied. Also, shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without the consent of the stakeholders.
Laurel SpA Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied. Also, shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without the consent of the stakeholders.
Chester Solar I SpA Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied. Also, shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without the consent of the stakeholders.
Kelar S.A. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied. Also, shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without the consent of the stakeholders.
GS Donghae Electric Power Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained.
Honam Wind Power Co., Ltd. Dividends and settlement amount for renewable energy certificate can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied.
Seokmun Energy Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied and prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Also, principals and interests on subordinated loans can only be paid when written<br>consent of financial institutions is obtained.
Chun-cheon Energy Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied. Also, principals and interests on subordinated loans shall not be paid until the payment conditions are satisfied.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

17. Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, Continued
(8) Significant restrictions on the Group’s abilities on associates or joint ventures as ofSeptember 30, 2025 are as follows, continued:
--- ---
Company Nature and extent of any significantrestrictions
--- ---
Yeonggwangbaeksu Wind Power Co., Ltd. Dividends and settlement amount for renewable energy certificate can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied and prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Also, principals and<br>interests on subordinated loans can only be paid when written consent of financial institutions is obtained.
Yeonggwang Wind Power Co., Ltd. Dividends and settlement amount for renewable energy certificate can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied and prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained.
Jamaica Public Service Company Limited Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied and prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained.
PT. Tanjung Power Indonesia Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied.
Daesan Green Energy Co., Ltd. Dividends and settlement amount for renewable energy certificate can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied and prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained.
Taebaek Gadeoksan Wind Power Co., Ltd. Dividends and settlement amount for renewable energy certificate can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Also, principals and interests<br>on subordinated loans can only be paid when prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained.
Bitsolar Energy Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied.
Omisan Wind Power Co., Ltd. Principals and interests on subordinated loans or dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied, and prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Shares cannot be wholly or<br>partially transferred without the consent of the stakeholders including other shareholders and financial institutions. Also, either of Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of the Group, and Unison Co., Ltd. shall not transfer their shares to<br>others wholly or partially until 4 years have passed from the completion of power complex without the written consent from the other party. In case the shares of each party become less than 10% of outstanding shares after the transfer, it also<br>requires the written consent from the other party.
Yangyang Wind Power Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained.
Busan Industrial Solar Power Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained.
Geumsungsan Wind Power Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied. Shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred for 3 years after the commencement of operation, and also cannot be transferred or disposed to the<br>third party in a way not permitted in the financial documents without prior written consent of an agent bank.
KPE green energy Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained.
Cheongju Eco Park Co., Ltd. Dividends and settlement amount for renewable energy certificate can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied, or permitted by related financing contracts, or prior written consent of financial<br>institutions is obtained.
Goheung New Energy Co., Ltd. Payment of dividends or repayment of loans such as subordinated loans to the investors can only be made when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied, and prior written consent of financial institutions is<br>obtained.
Seokmun Green Energy Dividends and settlement amount for renewable energy certificate can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained.
Trumbull Asset Management, LLC Shares cannot be either wholly or partially transferred without the consent of the stakeholders.
HORANG ENERGY Inc. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied. Shares cannot be either wholly or partially transferred before three years have passed after the commencement of operation, and also cannot be<br>transferred or disposed to the third party in a way not permitted in the financial documents without prior written consent of an agent bank.
Yanggu Floating Photovoltaic Power Plant Inc. Payment of dividends or repayment of loans such as subordinated loans to the investors can be made only when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied and prior written consent of financial institutions is<br>obtained.
Hoenggye Renewable Energy Co., Ltd. Dividends can be paid either when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or when prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained.
Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. Principals and interest on subordinated loans or dividends can be paid only when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied. Shares cannot be either wholly or partially transferred without prior written consent of the<br>financial institutions.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

17. Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, Continued
(8) Significant restrictions on the Group’s abilities on associates or joint ventures as ofSeptember 30, 2025 are as follows, continued:
--- ---
Company Nature and extent of any significantrestrictions
--- ---
Haeng Bok Do Si Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied. Shares cannot be either wholly or partially transferred without prior consent of the stakeholders.
Shin Pyeongtaek Power Co., Ltd. Principals and interest on subordinated loans or dividends can be paid either when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or when prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Shares cannot be either<br>wholly or partially transferred without prior written consent of the financial institutions.
Seoroseoro Sunny Power Plant Co., Ltd. Principals and interest on subordinated loans or dividends can be paid either when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or when prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Shares cannot be either<br>wholly or partially transferred without prior written consent of the financial institutions.
Anjwa Smart Farm & Solar City Co., Ltd. Principals and interest on subordinated loans or dividends can be paid either when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or when prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Shares cannot be either<br>wholly or partially transferred without prior written consent of the financial institutions.
Muan Solar Park Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied. Shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without prior written consent of the financial institutions.
YuDang Solar Co., Ltd. Principals and interest on subordinated loans or dividends can be paid either when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or when prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Shares cannot be either<br>wholly or partially transferred without prior written consent of the financial institutions.
Haemodum Solar Co., Ltd. Principals and interest payments on subordinated loans or dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Shares cannot be wholly or<br>partially transferred without prior written consent of the financial institutions.
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. Principals and interest payments on subordinated loans or dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied. Shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without prior written consent of the<br>financial institutions.
Hapcheon Floating Photovoltaic Power Plant Inc. Principals and interest on subordinated loans or dividends can be paid either when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or when prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Shares cannot be either<br>wholly or partially transferred without prior written consent of the financial institutions.
Yeongwol Eco Wind Co., Ltd. Principals and interest on subordinated loans or dividends can be paid either when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or when prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Shares cannot be either<br>wholly or partially transferred without prior written consent of the financial institutions.
Gurae Resident Power Co., Ltd. Principals and interest on subordinated loans or dividends can be paid either when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or when prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Shares cannot be either<br>wholly or partially transferred without prior written consent of the financial institutions.
Gunsan Land Solar Co., Ltd. Principals and interest payments on subordinated loans or dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or prior written consent of financial institutions. Shares cannot be wholly or partially<br>transferred without prior written consent of the financial institutions. When the internal rate of return defined in shareholders’ agreement is met, any excessive dividend income must be provided to Gunsan City.
Eumseong Eco Park Co., Ltd. Dividends and settlement amounts for renewable energy certificate can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied and prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Shares cannot be wholly or<br>partially transferred without prior written consent of the financial institutions.
PungBack Wind Farm Corporation Principals and interest on subordinated loans or dividends can be paid either when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or when prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Shares cannot be either<br>wholly or partially transferred without prior written consent of the financial institutions.
Seobusambo highway photovoltaics Co., Ltd. Principals and interest on subordinated loans or dividends can be paid either when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or when prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. Shares cannot be either<br>wholly or partially transferred without prior written consent of the financial institutions.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

17. Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, Continued
(8) Significant restrictions on the Group’s abilities on associates or joint ventures as ofSeptember 30, 2025 are as follows, continued:
--- ---
Company Nature and extent of any significantrestrictions
--- ---
Haman Green Energy Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. In addition, the Group cannot transfer all or part of its shares without the consent<br>of other shareholders until five years have elapsed from the date of issuance of the acquisition notice after the comprehensive completion of the EPC contract for the project, and shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without prior<br>written consent of the financial institutions.
Jeongeup Green Power Co., Ltd. Dividends to investors are only possible when the conditions in the loan agreement are met or prior written consent from the financial institution is obtained, and subordinated loans cannot be paid to investors before the loan<br>principal and interest are fully repaid. Additionally, all or part of the shares held cannot be transferred without the consent of other shareholders before the commencement of commercial operation of this business. The entity’s stocks may not<br>be transferred to a third party or otherwise disposed of in a manner not permitted in the financial documents without the prior written consent of the agent bank.
Nepal Water & Energy Development<br><br><br>Company Private Limited The Group must maintain a minimum percentage of ownership (50%) until the project completion date and thereafter.
Goseong Green Power Co., Ltd. Shares cannot be either wholly or partially transferred before the final completion date of the project without the consent of the stakeholders.
Gangneung Eco Power Co., Ltd. Shares cannot be either wholly or partially transferred until two years have elapsed from the final completion date of the project without the consent of the stakeholders.
S-Power Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied. Shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without prior consent of the stakeholders.
South Jamaica Power Company Limited Dividends can be paid only when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied and prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained.
Rutile BESS Holdings, LLC Shares cannot be either wholly or partially transferred without prior written consent of other stakeholders.
Kumyang Eco Park Co., Ltd. Dividends and payables from settlement for renewable energy certificates can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or a prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained.
HyChangwon Fuel Cell. Co., Ltd. Principals and interests on subordinated loans or dividends can only be paid when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or prior written consent of financial institutions is obtained. In addition, the Group cannot<br>transfer all or part of its shares until five years have elapsed from the date of issuance of the acquisition notice. Shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without obtaining prior written consent of the financial institutions.
Roof One Energy Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions prescribed in the loan agreement are satisfied. Shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without obtaining prior consent of the stakeholders.
Amaala Sustainable Company for Energy LLC Dividends may be payable only when all conditions prescribed in the loan agreement between Amaala Sustainable Company for Energy LLC and financial institution are satisfied.
Namjeju Bitdream Energy Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions prescribed in the loan agreement are satisfied. Shares cannot be either wholly or partially transferred without prior written consent of the financial institutions.
Cheonwang Green Energy Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions prescribed in the loan agreement are satisfied. Shares cannot be either wholly or partially transferred without prior written consent of the financial institutions.
Haetbyeotgil Solar Co., Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions prescribed in the loan agreement are satisfied. Shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without obtaining prior consent of the stakeholders.
Luluah SKY Energy Holding Ltd. Dividends can only be paid when all conditions prescribed in the loan agreement are satisfied. Shares cannot be wholly or partially transferred without obtaining prior consent of the stakeholders.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

18. Property, Plant and Equipment
(1) Property, plant and equipment as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Acquisition cost Government<br>grants Accumulated<br>depreciation Accumulatedimpairment<br>losses Book<br>value
Land ~~W~~ 14,840,925 (27,392 ) (29,519 ) 14,784,014
Buildings 26,831,484 (39,052 ) (13,542,658 ) (7,103 ) 13,242,671
Structures 91,542,883 (142,219 ) (39,851,246 ) (18,678 ) 51,530,740
Machinery 124,956,451 (95,622 ) (69,506,467 ) (532,617 ) 54,821,745
Ships 17,870 (8,734 ) 9,136
Vehicles 533,440 (2,447 ) (392,334 ) (116 ) 138,543
Equipment 2,601,271 (2,328 ) (2,180,618 ) (375 ) 417,950
Tools 1,475,608 (1,092 ) (1,301,446 ) (1 ) 173,069
Construction-in-progress 36,992,256 (233,591 ) (22,795 ) 36,735,870
Right-of-use assets 5,555,974 (2,824,028 ) 2,731,946
Asset retirement costs 18,375,099 (9,152,551 ) (146,423 ) 9,076,125
Others 18,178,658 (15,899,089 ) 2,279,569
~~W~~ 341,901,919 (543,743 ) (154,659,171 ) (757,627 ) 185,941,378
In millions of won As of December 31, 2024
Acquisition cost Government<br>grants Accumulated<br>depreciation Accumulatedimpairment<br>losses Book<br>value
Land ~~W~~ 14,577,296 (27,403 ) (29,241 ) 14,520,652
Buildings 26,217,223 (41,718 ) (12,812,659 ) (7,103 ) 13,355,743
Structures 89,573,695 (149,737 ) (37,762,078 ) (18,678 ) 51,643,202
Machinery 122,610,077 (105,546 ) (65,120,941 ) (533,405 ) 56,850,185
Ships 17,870 (7,336 ) 10,534
Vehicles 452,812 (2,745 ) (371,245 ) (116 ) 78,706
Equipment 2,512,223 (3,915 ) (2,073,752 ) (375 ) 434,181
Tools 1,428,994 (1,306 ) (1,255,257 ) (1 ) 172,430
Construction-in-progress 31,307,153 (223,566 ) (22,795 ) 31,060,792
Right-of-use assets 6,031,076 (2,984,680 ) 3,046,396
Asset retirement costs 18,283,796 (8,388,929 ) (146,423 ) 9,748,444
Others 17,198,254 (15,136,756 ) 2,061,498
~~W~~ 330,210,469 (555,936 ) (145,913,633 ) (758,137 ) 182,982,763

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

18. Property, Plant and Equipment, Continued
(2) Changes in property, plant and equipment for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for theyear ended December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginningbalance Acquisition Disposal Depreciation Impairment Others Ending<br>balance
Land ~~W~~ 14,548,055 3,176 (11,545 ) 271,720 14,811,406
(Government grants) (27,403 ) 11 (27,392 )
Buildings 13,397,461 11,698 (19,827 ) (740,888 ) 633,279 13,281,723
(Government grants) (41,718 ) 2,965 (299 ) (39,052 )
Structures 51,792,939 26,004 (240,118 ) (2,238,348 ) 2,332,482 51,672,959
(Government grants) (149,737 ) 490 7,087 (59 ) (142,219 )
Machinery 56,955,731 312,517 (167,990 ) (4,882,267 ) 2,699,376 54,917,367
(Government grants) (105,546 ) 313 11,552 (1,941 ) (95,622 )
Ships 10,534 (1,398 ) 9,136
Vehicles 81,451 1,834 (56 ) (35,154 ) 92,915 140,990
(Government grants) (2,745 ) 6 980 (688 ) (2,447 )
Equipment 438,096 68,483 (108 ) (159,564 ) 73,371 420,278
(Government grants) (3,915 ) 1,587 (2,328 )
Tools 173,736 17,221 (25 ) (58,937 ) 42,166 174,161
(Government grants) (1,306 ) 327 (113 ) (1,092 )
Construction-in-progress 31,284,358 11,431,328 (5,746,225 ) 36,969,461
(Government grants) (223,566 ) 2,926 (12,951 ) (233,591 )
Right-of-use assets 3,046,396 58,577 (3,079 ) (368,557 ) (1,391 ) 2,731,946
Asset retirement costs 9,748,444 (1,105,977 ) 433,658 9,076,125
Others 2,061,498 2,387 (774,099 ) 989,783 2,279,569
~~W~~ 182,982,763 11,936,151 (441,928 ) (10,340,691 ) 1,805,083 185,941,378

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

18. Property, Plant and Equipment, Continued
(2) Changes in property, plant and equipment for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for theyear ended December 31, 2024 are as follows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won For the year ended December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginningbalance Acquisition Disposal Depreciation Impairment Others Ending<br>balance
Land ~~W~~ 14,398,088 28,390 (38,162 ) 159,739 14,548,055
(Government grants) (27,404 ) 1 (27,403 )
Buildings 13,360,204 3,767 (13,366 ) (984,288 ) (1,351 ) 1,032,495 13,397,461
(Government grants) (46,227 ) 4,508 1 (41,718 )
Structures 50,890,001 16,201 (303,046 ) (2,873,012 ) (9,154 ) 4,071,949 51,792,939
(Government grants) (157,881 ) 1,330 9,458 (2,644 ) (149,737 )
Machinery 53,817,046 341,652 (199,670 ) (6,311,423 ) (735 ) 9,308,861 56,955,731
(Government grants) (119,824 ) 522 16,076 (2,320 ) (105,546 )
Ships 12,365 (1,865 ) 34 10,534
Vehicles 83,374 4,311 (223 ) (43,837 ) 37,826 81,451
(Government grants) (2,837 ) 8 1,233 (1,149 ) (2,745 )
Equipment 430,875 84,020 (236 ) (210,376 ) 133,813 438,096
(Government grants) (5,932 ) 2,118 (101 ) (3,915 )
Tools 164,474 32,825 (68 ) (82,603 ) 59,108 173,736
(Government grants) (62 ) 341 (1,585 ) (1,306 )
Construction-in-progress 32,008,502 14,335,323 (15,059,467 ) 31,284,358
(Government grants) (173,474 ) 6,806 75 (56,973 ) (223,566 )
Right-of-use assets 3,363,743 132,495 (2,252 ) (538,995 ) 91,405 3,046,396
Asset retirement costs 9,733,574 (1,809,280 ) 1,824,150 9,748,444
Others 2,146,930 1,704 (1,011,161 ) 924,025 2,061,498
~~W~~ 179,875,535 14,987,494 (555,087 ) (13,833,106 ) (11,240 ) 2,519,167 182,982,763
(3) For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025, the Group’s subsidiaries including Korea<br>Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. recognized proceeds and costs from selling items produced before the assets’ intended use. As a result, ~~W~~681 million (~~W~~97,747 million for the nine-month period ended<br>September 30, 2024) was recognized as revenue and ~~W~~5,416 million (~~W~~77,429 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024) was recognized as cost of sales in profit or loss, respectively.<br>
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

19. Investment Properties
(1) Investment properties as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Acquisition cost Government grants Accumulateddepreciation Book<br>value
Land ~~W~~ 148,727 148,727
Buildings 36,477 (23 ) (15,860 ) 20,594
~~W~~ 185,204 (23 ) (15,860 ) 169,321
In millions of won As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Acquisition cost Government grants Accumulateddepreciation Book<br>value
Land ~~W~~ 210,509 210,509
Buildings 32,517 (22 ) (14,020 ) 18,475
~~W~~ 243,026 (22 ) (14,020 ) 228,984
(2) Changes in investment properties for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for the yearended December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginning balance Disposal Depreciation Others Ending balance
Land ~~W~~ 210,509 (61,782 ) 148,727
Buildings 18,497 (778 ) 2,898 20,617
(Government grants) (22 ) (1 ) (23 )
~~W~~ 228,984 (778 ) (58,885 ) 169,321
In millions of won For the year ended December 31, 2024
Beginning balance Disposal Depreciation Others Ending balance
Land ~~W~~ 172,594 37,915 210,509
Buildings 12,955 (683 ) 6,225 18,497
(Government grants) (22 ) 1 (1 ) (22 )
~~W~~ 185,527 (682 ) 44,139 228,984

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

19. Investment Properties, Continued
(3) Income and expenses related to investment properties for each of the three and nine-month periods endedSeptember 30, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Three-monthperiod ended Nine-monthperiod ended Three-monthperiod ended Nine-monthperiod ended
Rental income ~~W~~ 3,603 9,081 3,138 8,707
Operating and maintenance expenses related to rental income (276 ) (794 ) (191 ) (524 )
~~W~~ 3,327 8,287 2,947 8,183
(4)   Fair values of investment properties as ofSeptember 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows: ****
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
Book value Fair value Book value Fair value
Land ~~W~~ 148,727 252,769 210,509 337,379
Buildings 20,594 21,407 18,475 19,094
~~W~~ 169,321 274,176 228,984 356,473

The Group determined the fair value of investment property on the transition date based on valuations conducted by an independent valuation firm that is independent of the Group. The valuation firm has appropriate qualifications and experience in the valuation of real estate in the Republic of Korea, and the valuation was conducted using a comparison method, which is a method of obtaining economic value based on the marketability of the property. The fair values of the investment properties as of the reporting date were determined in consideration of the fluctuation on the publicly announced individual land price after the KIFRS transition date (January 1, 2010).

(5) All of the Group’s investment properties are held under freehold interests.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

20. Construction Contracts
(1) Changes in the total contract amount in which revenue is not yet recognized for the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginningbalance Increase(decrease) (*) Recognized as<br>revenue Ending balance
Nuclear power plant construction in overseas and others ~~W~~ 6,136,773 28,759,382 (382,298 ) 34,513,857
(*) For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025, the increased balance of contracts from new orders is<br>~~W~~28,912,550 million and the decreased balance of contracts due to changes in scope of construction work and foreign exchange impact is ~~W~~153,168 million.
--- ---
In millions of won For the year ended December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginningbalance Increase(decrease) (*) Recognized as<br>revenue Ending balance
Nuclear power plant construction in overseas and others ~~W~~ 5,795,600 1,190,281 (849,108 ) 6,136,773
(*) For the year ended December 31, 2024, the increased balance of contracts from new orders is<br>~~W~~1,299,281 million and the decreased balance of contracts due to changes in scope of construction work and foreign exchange impact is ~~W~~109,000 million.
--- ---
(2) Accumulated earned revenue, expense and others related to the Group’s construction contracts inprogress as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Accumulatedearned revenue Accumulated<br>expense Accumulated<br>Profit (loss) Unearned<br>advance receipts
Nuclear power plant construction in overseas and others ~~W~~ 24,416,302 25,032,020 (615,718 ) 91,629
In millions of won As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Accumulatedearned revenue Accumulated<br>expense Accumulated<br>profit Unearned<br>advance receipts
Nuclear power plant construction in overseas and others ~~W~~ 24,255,432 24,008,579 246,853 80,069

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

20. Construction Contracts, Continued
(3) The gross amounts due from customers recognized as contract assets and due to customers recognized ascontract liabilities for contract works as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Contract assets(*1) Contract liabilities<br>(*2) Contract assets<br>(*1) Contract liabilities<br>(*2)
Nuclear power plant construction in overseas and others ~~W~~ 1,194,467 284,352 1,159,085 161,778
(*1) Included in trade and other receivables, net, in the consolidated statements of financial position.<br>
--- ---
(*2) Included in non-financial liabilities as advance received in the consolidated statements of financial position.<br>The revenue recognized for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 from the amounts included in contract liabilities at the end of the prior year was ~~W~~139,957 million.
--- ---
(4) The contracts with customers state that the disclosure of information related to UAE and Egypt Eldaba nuclear<br>power plant construction projects such as rate of progress, unbilled construction, impairment losses, etc. is not allowed without consent from the customers. The customers did not agree to disclose such information. Accordingly, the Group did not<br>disclose such information based on KIFRS 1115 129.2(2) as it is probable that the purchasers may file a lawsuit for breach of contract if the Group does so. Also, the Group reported to the audit committee that those items will not be disclosed in<br>the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
--- ---
Contract date Completion date
--- --- --- --- ---
Egypt Eldaba nuclear power plant construction projects August 25, 2022 April 8, 2029
(5) The Group is in discussion with the contracting parties about the prolongation costs and liquidated damages for<br>the UAE nuclear power plant project. As of September 30, 2025, the Group recognized the amount of estimated outflow of resources embodying economic benefits related to the prolongation costs as provisions.
--- ---
(6) The operating segment information related to the contracts for which the Group recognizes revenue based onthe percentage-of-completion on a cost-based input method for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 is as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Effect from changes in accounting estimates Contract assets from<br>construction contracts Trade receivables from<br>construction contracts
Expected<br>loss onconstructioncontracts The effecton profit orloss ofchanges inestimates ofcontractrevenue andcontractcosts Amountsrecognized incurrent<br>profit or loss Amounts to berecognized infuture profitor loss Changes inestimated totalcontract costs Revenue<br>recognized fromperformance<br>obligations<br>satisfied inprevious periods Gross Allowance<br>for doubtful<br>accounts Gross Allowance<br>for doubtful<br>accounts
Transmission and distribution ~~W~~ 11,672 (218,391 ) (210,722 ) (7,669 ) 244,018 275,308 15,427
Electric power generation (Nuclear) 544,606 (1,476,564 ) (627,709 ) (848,855 ) 1,266,968 6,662 86,034
Plant maintenance & engineering Service and others 633 8,848 5,907 2,941 8,277 12,076 81,120 2 24,487 5,543
Others 831,377 8,806 48
~~W~~ 556,911 (1,686,107 ) (832,524 ) (853,583 ) 1,519,263 12,076 1,194,467 15,429 119,327 5,591

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

21. Intangible Assets other than Goodwill
(1) Intangible assets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Acquisitioncost Governmentgrants Accumulatedamortization Accumulatedimpairmentlosses Book<br>value
Software ~~W~~ 1,210,710 (849 ) (1,042,919 ) (19 ) 166,923
Copyrights, patents rights and other industrial rights 109,658 (76,059 ) (9,178 ) 24,421
Mining rights 613,480 (21,074 ) (578,847 ) 13,559
Development expenditures 1,021,843 (613 ) (957,140 ) 64,090
Intangible assets under development 104,155 (4,179 ) 99,976
Usage rights of donated assets and others 592,638 (467,515 ) (136 ) 124,987
Leasehold rights 28,185 (25,773 ) (538 ) 1,874
Greenhouse gas emissions rights 100,565 100,565
Others 617,474 (159 ) (238,129 ) (12,162 ) 367,024
~~W~~ 4,398,708 (5,800 ) (2,828,609 ) (600,880 ) 963,419
In millions of won As of December 31, 2024
Acquisitioncost Governmentgrants Accumulatedamortization Accumulatedimpairmentlosses Book<br>value
Software ~~W~~ 1,156,641 (844 ) (976,633 ) (19 ) 179,145
Copyrights, patents rights and other industrial rights 107,040 (71,231 ) (9,178 ) 26,631
Mining rights 670,083 (66,938 ) (573,723 ) 29,422
Development expenditures 1,011,550 (939 ) (937,877 ) 72,734
Intangible assets under development 96,544 (3,473 ) (8,903 ) 84,168
Usage rights of donated assets and others 592,680 (459,165 ) (136 ) 133,379
Leasehold rights 28,185 (25,216 ) (538 ) 2,431
Greenhouse gas emissions rights 135,534 135,534
Others 620,366 (229 ) (224,410 ) (12,253 ) 383,474
~~W~~ 4,418,623 (5,485 ) (2,761,470 ) (604,750 ) 1,046,918

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

21. Intangible Assets other than Goodwill, Continued
(2) Changes in intangible assets for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for the year endedDecember 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginningbalance Acquisition Disposal Amortization Impairment Others Endingbalance
Software ~~W~~ 179,989 11,565 (560 ) (65,656 ) 42,434 167,772
(Government grants) (844 ) 231 (236 ) (849 )
Copyrights, patents rights and other industrial rights 26,631 322 (13 ) (3,840 ) 1,321 24,421
Mining rights 29,422 625 (706 ) (3,892 ) (11,890 ) 13,559
Development expenditures 73,673 (20,014 ) 11,044 64,703
(Government grants) (939 ) 423 (97 ) (613 )
Intangible assets under development 87,641 43,443 (30 ) (26,899 ) 104,155
(Government grants) (3,473 ) (706 ) (4,179 )
Usage rights of donated assets and others 133,379 (8,392 ) 124,987
Leasehold rights 2,431 (557 ) 1,874
Greenhouse gas emissions rights 135,534 256 (35,225 ) 100,565
Others 383,703 1,607 (142 ) (17,100 ) 43 (928 ) 367,183
(Government grants) (229 ) 70 (159 )
~~W~~ 1,046,918 57,818 (1,421 ) (118,727 ) 13 (21,182 ) 963,419
In millions of won For the year ended December 31, 2024
Beginningbalance Acquisition Disposal Amortization Impairment Others Endingbalance
Software ~~W~~ 197,841 18,249 (4 ) (88,985 ) 52,888 179,989
(Government grants) (413 ) 229 (660 ) (844 )
Copyrights, patents rights and other industrial rights 23,491 576 (44 ) (4,846 ) 7,454 26,631
Mining rights 32,165 (100 ) (5,798 ) 3,155 29,422
Development expenditures 55,434 (25,830 ) 44,069 73,673
(Government grants) (2,121 ) 1,364 (182 ) (939 )
Intangible assets under development 86,013 69,878 (14 ) (68,236 ) 87,641
(Government grants) (2,458 ) (1,015 ) (3,473 )
Usage rights of donated assets and others 145,251 36 (11,903 ) (5 ) 133,379
Leasehold rights 3,929 (960 ) (538 ) 2,431
Greenhouse gas emissions rights 107,086 123 (416 ) 28,741 135,534
Others 388,088 3,997 (394 ) (26,501 ) (364 ) 18,877 383,703
(Government grants) (322 ) 93 (229 )
~~W~~ 1,033,984 92,859 (542 ) (163,567 ) (902 ) 85,086 1,046,918

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

21. Intangible Assets other than Goodwill, Continued
(3) Significant specific intangible assets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are asfollows:
--- ---
In millions of won and thousands of Australian dollars
--- --- --- --- --- ---
As of September 30,2025
Type Description Currency Amount Remaining useful lives
Software S/4HANA ERP license KRW 3,176 2 years and 2 months
Copyrights, patents rights and other industrial rights Contributions to APR NRC DC KRW 9,392 2 years and 3 months
Mining rights Mining rights of Bylong mine AUD — (*)
Usage rights of donated assets and others Sejong Haengbogdosi sharing charge KRW 5,294 1 year and 2 months
Right of use electricity and gas supply facility (Community district of Songdo) KRW 5,008 4 years and 9 months
Others Occupancy and use of public waters KRW 61,330 11 years and 4 months
Greenhouse gas emissions rights KRW 100,565
Business rights KRW 143,216 24 years and 11 months
(*) The carrying amount of mining rights is nil, because KEPCO Australia Pty., Ltd. and KEPCO Bylong Australia<br>Pty., Ltd. had recognized impairment losses in full.
--- ---
In millions of won and thousands of Australian dollars
--- --- --- --- --- ---
As of December 31,2024
Type Description Currency Amount Remaining useful lives
Software S/4HANA ERP license KRW 4,276 2 years and 11 months
Copyrights, patents rights and other industrial rights Contributions to APR NRC DC KRW 12,523 3 years
Mining rights Mining rights of Bylong mine AUD — (*)
Usage rights of donated assets and others Sejong Haengbogdosi sharing charge KRW 8,697 1 year and 11 months
Right of use electricity and gas supply facility (Community district of Songdo) KRW 5,799 5 years and 6 months
Others Occupancy and use of public waters KRW 65,389 12 years and 1 month
Greenhouse gas emissions rights KRW 135,534
Business rights KRW 143,216 24 years and 11 months
(*) The carrying amount of mining rights is nil, because KEPCO Australia Pty., Ltd. and KEPCO Bylong Australia<br>Pty., Ltd. had recognized impairment losses in full.
--- ---
(4) For the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Group recognized research and<br>development expenses of ~~W~~576,472 million and ~~W~~528,950 million, respectively.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

22. Trade and Other Payables

Trade and other payables as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
Current Non-current Current Non-current
Trade payables ~~W~~ 3,815,496 4,494,504
Non-trade payables 2,287,028 1,494,800 2,224,036 1,432,421
Accrued expenses 2,019,382 21,747 1,983,697 22,259
Leasehold deposits received 6,098 3,211 3,237
Other deposits received 75,969 45,982 97,276 45,012
Lease liabilities 540,905 2,644,567 603,492 3,095,964
Dividends payable 7,784 5,063
Others (*) 29 10,324 36 10,348
~~W~~ 8,752,691 4,217,420 9,411,315 4,609,241
(*) Details of others as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:<br>
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Current Non-current Current Non-current
Advance received from local governments ~~W~~ 2,689 2,689
Others 29 7,635 36 7,659
~~W~~ 29 10,324 36 10,348

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

23. Borrowings and Debt Securities
(1) Borrowings and debt securities as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Current liabilities
Short-term borrowings ~~W~~ 10,988,350 9,122,792
Current portion of long-term borrowings 8,693,263 8,434,330
Current portion of debt securities 26,115,601 26,908,467
Less: current portion of discount on long-term borrowings (7,242 ) (16,537 )
Less: current portion of discount on debt securities (11,083 ) (7,100 )
45,778,889 44,441,952
Non-current liabilities
Long-term borrowings 3,273,146 3,153,867
Debt securities 81,620,783 85,149,391
Less: discount on long-term borrowings (40,672 ) (35,071 )
Less: discount on debt securities (153,767 ) (176,739 )
84,699,490 88,091,448
~~W~~ 130,478,379 132,533,400
(2) Repayment schedules of borrowings and debt securities as of September 30, 2025 and December 31,2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- ---
As of September 30, 2025
Type Borrowings Debt Securities
Less than 1 year ~~W~~ 19,681,613 26,115,601
1~ 5 years 1,222,627 61,408,660
More than 5 years 2,050,519 20,212,123
~~W~~ 22,954,759 107,736,384
In millions of won
As of December 31, 2024
Type Borrowings Debt Securities
Less than 1 year ~~W~~ 17,557,122 26,908,467
1~ 5 years 1,488,840 63,087,182
More than 5 years 1,665,027 22,062,209
~~W~~ 20,710,989 112,057,858

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

23. Borrowings and Debt Securities, Continued
(3) Short-term borrowings as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of September 30, 2025
Type Interest rate (%) Maturity Foreign<br>currency Local<br>currency
Local short-term borrowings 2.58 ~ 4.60 2025.10.14<br>~2026.09.18 ~~W~~ 7,566,135
Local short-term borrowings 3M CD + 0.54 ~ 0.80 2025.11.20<br>~2026.07.11 3,200,000
Local short-term borrowings 2.69 2025.10.14 50,000
Local short-term borrowings Short-term loan base interest rate<br>+ 1.03 2026.02.24 20,000
Foreign short-term borrowings SOFR(1M) + 0.90 2026.08.11 USD 39,983 56,064
Foreign short-term borrowings 9.50 2025.12.10 IDR 9,478,340 797
Local bank overdraft 3.24 2025.10.10 94,000
Local bank overdraft Standard overdraft rate + 1.44 2026.02.20 1,354
~~W~~ 10,988,350
In millions of won and thousands of
As of December 31, 2024
Type Interest rate (%) Maturity Foreign<br>currency Local<br>currency
Local short-term borrowings 3.27 ~ 4.60 2025.01.07<br> <br>~2025.12.31 ~~W~~ 4,953,348
Local short-term borrowings 3M CD + 0.23 ~ 0.65<br>4.17 2025.01.02<br> <br>~2025.11.20 3,934,600
Foreign short-term borrowings SOFR(1M) + 0.90 2025.08.12 USD 40,000 58,800
Local bank overdraft 3.85 2025.04.28 100,000
Local bank overdraft Standard overdraft rate + 1.37<br><br><br>4.20 2025.02.21<br> <br>~2025.03.28 76,044
~~W~~ 9,122,792

All values are in US Dollars.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

23. Borrowings and Debt Securities, Continued
(4) Long-term borrowings as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of September 30, 2025
Type Interest rate (%) Maturity Foreign<br>currency Localcurrency
Local long-term borrowings
Korea Development Bank Others 0.50 2025~2044 ~~W~~ 1,179
Facility 4.60~4.94 2028~2042 47,486
Facility CB rate+0.90 2029 7,952
Hana Bank and others Commercial Paper 3M CD + 0.31~1.20 2025~2030 8,150,000
Facility 4.60 2028 3,907
Facility 3yr KTB rate-1.25 2025~2028 1,993
Export-Import Bank of Korea Project loans 1.00 2026 2,946
Facility 1.32 2026~2028 52,000
Operating funds 3M bank debenture<br>rate+0.66 2026 50,000
Korea Energy Agency Development of power<br> <br>resources 3yr KTB rate-2.25<br> <br>1.75 2025~2028 6,665
Project loans 2033 1,197
Shinhan Bank and others Facility CB rate+0.90~1.10 2028~2029 11,426
Others 3.95 2034 63,319
Others Standard overdraft<br>rate+1.00 2034 63,319
Kookmin Bank Facility 4.36~5.93 2030~2037 163,407
Woori Bank Facility 3M CD+1.90<br>4.66~5.20 2034~2042 94,721
IBK Facility 4.00~5.80 2042~2044 30,690
Nonghyup Bank Facility 5.60~5.70 2030~2041 39,093
Others Facility 3.30~6.80 2028~2042 781,362
Facility CB rate+1.10<br> <br>1.75~5.70 2028~2041 21,667
Others 4.40~7.90 2038~2039 87,426
Others 2.00~5.43 2031~2034 49,821
~~W~~ 9,731,576

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

23. Borrowings and Debt Securities, Continued
(4) Long-term borrowings as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of September 30, 2025
Type Interest rate (%) Foreign<br>currency
Foreign long-term borrowings
Korea Energy Agency Project loans 2026 8,744 12,260
Export-Import Bank of Korea and others Direct Loan and others TERM SOFR(6M)+CAS+ 3.00 2036 68,738 96,385
Direct Loan and others 6M Synthetic Libor+2.25~3.70 2027 JOD 40,530 80,157
Facility SOFR+0.43~1.83 2029~2031 157,822 221,298
POSCO E&C and others Shareholder’s loan 8.00 2026 4,762 6,678
NH-Amundi Syndicated Loan 8.00 2032 640,932 6,049
SMTB Syndicated Loan 6M Tibor+0.55 2036 6,012,608 56,743
Solar Construction Lending, LLC Facility 5.00 2025 30,273 42,449
Kiwoom Solar Power Professional Investor Private Placement Investment Trust V Senior borrowing 3.90 2029 36,221 59,565
IFC and others Facility SOFR (3M)+1.60~1.99SOFR (6M)+5.005.70~6.18 2026~2032 934,948 1,310,984
Hanwha US Solar Private Fund 1 and others Facility 6.00 2038 60,953 85,468
Shinhan Bank Facility 1M BBSY+1.40~2.25 2027 AUD 224,809 207,357
Nonghyup Bank and others Facility 10.40 2039 35,259 49,440
2,234,833
11,966,409
Less: discount on long-term borrowings (47,914 )
Less: current portion of long-term borrowings (8,693,263 )
Add: current portion of discount on long-term borrowings 7,242
3,232,474

All values are in Japanese Yen.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

23. Borrowings and Debt Securities, Continued
(4) Long-term borrowings as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of December 31, 2024
Type Interest rate (%) Maturity Foreign<br>currency Localcurrency
Local long-term borrowings
Korea Development Bank Others 0.50 2025~2044 ~~W~~ 1,424
Facility 2.60~4.94 2025~2042 51,960
Facility CB rate+0.90 2029 9,486
Hana Bank and others Commercial Paper 3M CD+0.31~1.20 2025~2029 7,550,000
Facility 4.60 2028 4,904
Facility 3yr KTB rate-1.25 2028 2,492
Export-Import Bank of Korea Project loans 1.00 2026 4,419
Facility 1.32 2025~2028 64,000
Operating funds 3M bank debenture<br>rate+0.66 2026 50,000
Korea Energy Agency Development of power resources 3yr KTB rate-2.25<br> <br>1.75 2025~2028 7,494
Project loans 2033 1,197
Shinhan Bank and others Facility CB rate+0.90~1.10 2028~2029 13,995
Operating funds 6M bank debenture<br>rate+0.93~1.03 2025~2027 50,000
Others 3.95 2034 67,733
Others Standard overdraft<br>rate+1.00 2034 67,733
Kookmin Bank Facility 3M CD+1.79<br> <br>5.53~5.63 2030~2037 167,945
Operating funds 1yr bank debenture<br>rate+0.78 2025 20,000
Woori Bank Facility 3M CD+1.90<br>5.12~5.61 2034~2042 100,071
IBK Facility 4.00~5.80 2042~2044 30,690
Nonghyup Bank Facility 5.53~5.63 2030~2041 36,351
Others Facility 3.30~6.80 2028~2042 801,687
Facility CB rate+1.10<br>2.25~5.63 2028~2041 24,517
PF Refinancing CB rate+1.25 2030 5,726
PF Refinancing 4.10 2030 15,905
Securitized debts (*) 3M CD+1.80 2025 54,236
Others 4.40~7.90 2025~2039 113,362
Others 2.00~6.15 2031~2034 49,826
~~W~~ 9,367,153

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

23. Borrowings and Debt Securities, Continued
(4) Long-term borrowings as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of December 31, 2024
Type Interest rate (%) Foreign<br>currency
Foreign long-term borrowings
Korea Energy Agency Project loans 2026 8,744 12,853
Export-Import Bank of Korea and others Direct Loan and others 6M SyntheticLibor+1.80~3.20 2036 72,163 106,080
Direct Loan and others 6M SyntheticLibor+2.25~3.70 2027 JOD 44,126 91,437
Facility SOFR+0.43 1M SOFR+1.83 2029~2031 112,672 165,628
Korea Development Bank and others EBL 1M SOFR+0.86 2025 149,592 219,900
POSCO E&C and others Shareholder’s loan 5.60~8.00 2025~2026 10,145 14,914
Shareholder’s loan 8.00 2031 JOD 4,853 10,056
Samsung Life Insurance and others Syndicated Loan 3.10~8.00 2025~2032 3,937,987 36,878
Woori Bank and others Syndicated Loan 6M Tibor+1.84 2025 2,178,069 20,397
Solar Construction Lending, LLC Facility 5.00 2025 28,303 41,605
Kiwoom Solar Power Professional Investor Private Placement Investment Trust V Senior borrowing 3.90 2029 38,139 58,304
IFC and others Facility 3M SOFR+1.60~1.996M SOFR+5.006.19~7.22 2026~2032 772,852 1,136,092
Hanwha US Solar Private Fund 1 and others Facility 6.00 2038 60,743 89,292
DBS Bank and others Facility 1M BBSY+1.40~2.25 2025 AUD 178,729 163,301
Nonghyup Bank and others Facility 10.40 2039 36,943 54,307
2,221,044
11,588,197
Less: discount on long-term borrowings (51,608 )
Less: current portion of long-term borrowings (8,434,330 )
Add: current portion of discount on long-term borrowings 16,537
3,118,796

All values are in Japanese Yen.

(*) The main reasons for early repayment of securitized debts as of December 31, 2024 are as follows:<br>
Type Details
--- ---
Non-payment of proceeds Where the consignor fails to pay the principal to the trustee
Guarantees for supplemental funding Where the consignor fails to fulfill guarantees for supplemental funding
Additional trust obligation Where the consignor fails to fulfill the additional trust obligation
Event of default In case the event of default occurs under the ABL loan agreement

The Group is responsible for collateral obligations (fund supplementation) and liability guarantees for entrusted assets.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

23. Borrowings and Debt Securities, Continued
(5) Local debt securities as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Issue date Maturity Interest rate (%) As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
Electricity Bonds 2012.03.27<br> <br>~2025.09.11 2025.10.04<br> <br>~2052.04.21 1.43~5.99 ~~W~~ 61,710,000 63,960,000
Corporate Bonds (*) 2009.10.16<br> <br>~2025.09.02 2025.10.24<br> <br>~2054.06.28 1.29~10.00 30,117,353 28,727,353
Corporate Bonds 2021.05.26<br> <br>~2023.12.28 2041.05.25<br> <br>~2043.09.15 1.71~3.78 41,578 41,578
91,868,931 92,728,931
Less: discount on local debt securities (54,496 ) (51,149 )
Less: current portion of local debt securities (20,971,584 ) (22,621,584 )
Add: current portion of discount on local debt securities 2,448 2,124
~~W~~ 70,845,299 70,058,322
(*) Among the corporate bonds, each holder of Hee Mang Sunlight Power Co., Ltd.’s private equity bonds,<br>amounting to ~~W~~1,584 million, may exercise the early redemption rights on the 5th year (March 31, 2021) from the date of issuance of the bonds and every year on March 31 thereafter, until the year before the redemption date.<br>
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

23. Borrowings and Debt Securities, Continued
(6) Foreign debt securities as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
September 30, 2025
Type Issue date Maturity Interest rate (%) Foreign<br>currency
FY-96 1996.04.01~1996.12.06 2026.12.01~2096.04.01 6.00~7.95 278,701 390,795
FY-97 1997.01.31~1997.08.04 2027.02.01~2027.08.01 6.75~7.00 314,717 441,296
FY-04 2004.04.23 2034.04.23 5.13 286,920 402,319
FY-14 2014.07.30 2029.07.30 3.57 100,000 140,220
FY-17 2017.07.25 2027.07.25 3.13 300,000 420,660
FY-17 2017.10.30 2037.10.30 1.70 40,000 65,780
FY-17 2017.11.16 2037.11.16 2.36 SEK 450,000 66,969
FY-18 2018.03.13 2028.03.13 3.35 HKD 1,650,000 297,248
FY-19 2019.07.19 2027.07.19 0.05 CHF 100,000 175,802
FY-19 2019.12.19 2037.12.31 3.30~5.70 318,787 447,003
FY-20 2020.08.03 2026.02.03 1.00 300,000 420,660
FY-21 2021.01.27 2026.01.27 0.75 450,000 630,990
FY-21 2021.04.27 2026.04.27 1.25 500,000 701,100
FY-21 2021.08.09 2026.08.09 1.25 300,000 420,660
FY-21 2021.09.24 2026.09.24 1.13 300,000 420,660
FY-22 2022.04.21 2027.04.21 3.63 300,000 420,660
FY-22 2022.06.14 2027.06.14 4.00 300,000 420,660
FY-22 2022.07.27 2027.07.27 4.25 700,000 981,540
FY-22 2022.10.06 2026.04.06~2028.04.06 5.38~5.50 800,000 1,121,760
FY-22 2022.10.06~2022.11.01 2032.10.06 5.16 HKD 2,350,000 423,353
FY-23 2023.06.07 2030.06.07 4.51 HKD 1,037,000 186,816
FY-23 2023.07.12 2028.07.12 4.88 350,000 490,770
FY-23 2023.07.18 2028.07.18 5.00 500,000 701,100
FY-23 2023.07.31 2026.07.31 5.38 1,000,000 1,402,200
FY-23 2023.09.21 2026.09.21 5.38 300,000 420,660
FY-24 2024.01.31 2027.01.31 4.88 1,200,000 1,682,640
FY-24 2024.07.29 2029.07.29 4.63 500,000 701,100
FY-25 2025.02.13 2028.02.13 4.75 400,000 560,879
FY-25 2025.03.05 2028.03.05 4.10 HKD 1,166,000 210,054
FY-25 2025.07.30 2030.07.30 SOFR+0.79 500,000 701,099
15,867,453
Less: discount on foreign debt securities (110,354 )
Less: current portion of foreign debt securities (5,144,017 )
Add: current portion of discount on foreign debt securities 8,635
10,621,717

All values are in US Dollars.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

23. Borrowings and Debt Securities, Continued
(6) Foreign debt securities as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of December 31, 2024
Type Issue date Maturity Interestrate (%) Foreign<br>currency
FY-96 1996.04.01~1996.12.06 2026.12.01~2096.04.01 6.00~7.95 278,701 409,690
FY-97 1997.01.31~1997.08.04 2027.02.01~2027.08.01 6.75~7.00 314,717 462,634
FY-04 2004.04.23 2034.04.23 5.13 286,920 421,772
FY-14 2014.07.30 2029.07.30 3.57 100,000 147,000
FY-15 2015.06.15 2025.06.15 3.25 300,000 441,000
FY-17 2017.07.25 2027.07.25 3.13 300,000 441,000
FY-17 2017.10.30 2037.10.30 1.70 40,000 61,149
FY-17 2017.11.16 2037.11.16 2.36 SEK 450,000 59,954
FY-18 2018.03.13 2028.03.13 3.35 HKD 1,650,000 312,345
FY-19 2019.07.19 2027.07.19 0.05 CHF 100,000 162,638
FY-19 2019.12.19 2037.12.31 3.30~5.70 326,929 480,586
FY-20 2020.02.03 2025.02.03 2.13 300,000 441,000
FY-20 2020.05.06 2025.05.06 1.75 500,000 735,000
FY-20 2020.06.15 2025.06.15 1.13 500,000 735,000
FY-20 2020.08.03 2026.02.03 1.00 300,000 441,000
FY-21 2021.01.27 2026.01.27 0.75 450,000 661,500
FY-21 2021.04.27 2026.04.27 1.25 500,000 735,000
FY-21 2021.08.09 2026.08.09 1.25 300,000 441,000
FY-21 2021.09.24 2026.09.24 1.13 300,000 441,000
FY-22 2022.04.21 2027.04.21 3.63 300,000 441,000
FY-22 2022.05.06 2025.05.06 3.60 500,000 735,000
FY-22 2022.06.14 2025.06.14~2027.06.14 3.63~4.00 800,000 1,176,000
FY-22 2022.06.28 2025.06.28 4.13 300,000 441,000
FY-22 2022.07.27 2027.07.27 4.25 700,000 1,029,000
FY-22 2022.10.06 2026.04.06~2028.04.06 5.38~5.50 800,000 1,176,000
FY-22 2022.10.06~2022.11.01 2032.10.06 5.16 HKD 2,350,000 444,855
FY-23 2023.06.07 2030.06.07 4.51 HKD 1,037,000 196,304
FY-23 2023.07.12 2028.07.12 4.88 350,000 514,500
FY-23 2023.07.18 2028.07.18 5.00 500,000 735,000
FY-23 2023.07.31 2026.07.31 5.38 1,000,000 1,470,000
FY-23 2023.09.21 2026.09.21 5.38 300,000 441,000
FY-24 2024.01.31 2027.01.31 4.88 1,200,000 1,764,000
FY-24 2024.07.29 2029.07.29 4.63 500,000 735,000
19,328,927
Less: discount on foreign debt securities (132,690 )
Less: current portion of foreign debt securities (4,286,883 )
Add: current portion of discount on foreign debt securities 4,976
14,914,330

All values are in US Dollars.

(7) Changes in borrowings and debt securities for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024are as follows:
In millions of won For the nine-month period<br>ended September 30, 2025 For the nine-month period<br>ended September 30, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Borrowings Debt<br>Securities Total Borrowings Debt<br>Securities Total
Beginning balance ~~W~~ 20,659,381 111,874,019 132,533,400 19,839,652 113,792,178 133,631,830
Cash flow 2,442,256 (3,291,194 ) (848,938 ) 243,842 (2,107,030 ) (1,863,188 )
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations (198,487 ) (1,030,280 ) (1,228,767 ) 66,719 342,542 409,261
Others 3,695 18,989 22,684 (35,579 ) 2,478 (33,101 )
~~W~~ 22,906,845 107,571,534 130,478,379 20,114,634 112,030,168 132,144,802

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

24. Lease
1) Group as a lessee
--- ---
(1) Lease contracts
--- ---

The Group applies the short-term leases recognition exemption to its lease contracts that have a lease term of 12 months or less from the commencement date, and recognized ~~W~~103,044 million and ~~W~~118,604 million respectively, as expense for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. The Group also applies the leases of low-value assets recognition exemption to lease contracts with underlying assets considered to be low value (i.e., approximately less than ~~W~~5 million), and recognized ~~W~~2,566 million and ~~W~~2,162 million respectively, as expense for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. The Group has lease contracts for various items such as consecutive voyage charter contracts, power purchase agreements (PPA), real estate lease contracts including buildings, switchyard, and land for electric substation, vehicles, and other equipment.

(2) Right-of-use assets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
AcquisitionCost Accumulated<br>depreciation Book<br>value
Land ~~W~~ 1,021,475 (385,584 ) 635,891
Buildings 223,463 (126,084 ) 97,379
Structures 53,893 (14,360 ) 39,533
Machinery 55,408 (32,506 ) 22,902
Ships 3,798,606 (2,103,903 ) 1,694,703
Vehicles 71,466 (44,953 ) 26,513
Others (*) 331,663 (116,638 ) 215,025
~~W~~ 5,555,974 (2,824,028 ) 2,731,946
(*) During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025, the power purchase agreement (“PPA”)<br>with CGN Yulchon Generation Co., Ltd., an LNG combined-cycle power project operator, was terminated.
--- ---
In millions of won As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
AcquisitionCost Accumulated<br>depreciation Book<br>value
Land ~~W~~ 1,017,114 (339,512 ) 677,602
Buildings 214,258 (108,417 ) 105,841
Structures 52,983 (12,124 ) 40,859
Machinery 54,654 (27,594 ) 27,060
Ships 3,946,265 (2,015,172 ) 1,931,093
Vehicles 59,402 (38,482 ) 20,920
Others (*) 686,400 (443,379 ) 243,021
~~W~~ 6,031,076 (2,984,680 ) 3,046,396
(*) Including a power purchase agreement (“PPA”) with CGN Yulchon Generation Co., Ltd.<br>
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

24. Lease, Continued
1) Group as a lessee, Continued
--- ---
(3) Changes in right-of-use assets for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for the yearended December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginningbalance Increase Decrease Depreciation Others Endingbalance
Land ~~W~~ 677,602 4,743 (1,511 ) (44,532 ) (411 ) 635,891
Buildings 105,841 17,834 (1,234 ) (31,080 ) 6,018 97,379
Structures 40,859 1,889 (96 ) (3,944 ) 825 39,533
Machinery 27,060 191 (19 ) (4,919 ) 589 22,902
Ships 1,931,093 9,688 (250,801 ) 4,723 1,694,703
Vehicles 20,920 17,005 (219 ) (11,227 ) 34 26,513
Others 243,021 7,227 (22,054 ) (13,169 ) 215,025
~~W~~ 3,046,396 58,577 (3,079 ) (368,557 ) (1,391 ) 2,731,946
In millions of won For the year ended December 31, 2024
Beginningbalance Increase Decrease Depreciation Others Endingbalance
Land ~~W~~ 655,860 12,369 (117 ) (65,245 ) 74,735 677,602
Buildings 90,573 61,397 (399 ) (48,371 ) 2,641 105,841
Structures 37,356 4,115 (4,595 ) 3,983 40,859
Machinery 5,943 26,200 (7,083 ) 2,000 27,060
Ships 2,313,305 (1,656 ) (363,032 ) (17,524 ) 1,931,093
Vehicles 25,491 11,042 (77 ) (14,167 ) (1,369 ) 20,920
Others 235,215 17,372 (3 ) (36,502 ) 26,939 243,021
~~W~~ 3,363,743 132,495 (2,252 ) (538,995 ) 91,405 3,046,396

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

24. Lease, Continued
1) Group as a lessee, Continued
--- ---
(4) Lease liabilities as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Less than 1 year ~~W~~ 560,073 632,878
1 ~ 5 years 1,599,643 1,817,340
More than 5 years 1,380,056 1,670,416
3,539,772 4,120,634
Less: present value discounts and others (354,300 ) (421,178 )
Present value of lease payment ~~W~~ 3,185,472 3,699,456
(5) Details of the liquidity classification of lease liabilities as of September 30, 2025 andDecember 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- ---
Current lease liabilities ~~W~~ 540,905 603,492
Non-current lease liabilities 2,644,567 3,095,964
~~W~~ 3,185,472 3,699,456
(6) Changes in lease liabilities for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for the year endedDecember 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginningbalance Increase Decrease Interestexpenses Others (*) Ending balance
Lease liabilities ~~W~~ 3,699,456 50,415 (521,536 ) 58,369 (101,232 ) 3,185,472
(*) Others include the translation effect of foreign currency lease liabilities and others.
--- ---
In millions of won For the year ended December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginningbalance Increase Decrease Interestexpenses Others (*) Ending balance
Lease liabilities ~~W~~ 3,807,880 119,161 (695,466 ) 82,638 385,243 3,699,456
(*) Others include the translation effect of foreign currency lease liabilities and others.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

24. Lease, Continued
1) Group as a lessee, Continued
--- ---
(7) Details of expense relating to lease contracts as lessee for the three and nine-month periods endedSeptember 30, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won September 30, 2025 September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Three-monthperiod ended Nine-month<br>period ended Three-month<br>period ended Nine-month<br>period ended
Depreciation of right-of-use assets ~~W~~ 115,097 368,557 128,674 396,125
Interest expenses of lease liabilities 18,354 58,369 20,313 62,562
Lease expenses for short-term leases 49,128 103,044 24,545 118,604
Lease expenses for leases of low-value assets 739 2,566 703 2,162
Variable lease payments 7,272 4,528 (6,476 ) (4,106 )
~~W~~ 190,590 537,064 167,759 575,347
(8) The total cash outflow related to the lease contracts amounts to ~~W~~631,674 million and<br>~~W~~652,647 million, for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

24. Lease, Continued
2) Group as a lessor
--- ---
(1) Finance lease contracts
--- ---

The Group entered into power purchase agreements (“PPA”) with Jordan Electric Power Company to provide a 373MW level Qatrana gas combined power plant over a 25-year lease term, and an 89.1MW level Fujeij wind power plant over a 20-year lease term. In addition, the Group provides 13 energy storage system installation projects and 288 energy efficiency contracts as finance leases with a lease term of 2 to 11 years. Also, the Group entered into a PPA with the Comision Federal de Electricidad in Mexico to provide for 25 years (from December 2013 to November 2038) all electricity generated from the power plant after completion of its construction and collect rates consisting of fixed costs (to recover the capital) and variable costs during the contracted period.

(2) Profits and losses related to finance leases for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30,2025 and 2024 are as follows:
In millions of won September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Three-monthperiod ended Nine-month<br>period ended Three-month<br>period ended Nine-month<br>period ended
Finance income on the net investment in the lease ~~W~~ 28,299 88,678 18,775 78,202
(3) The maturity analysis of the lease payments receivable and reconciliation of the undiscounted lease paymentsto the net investment in the lease as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Less than 1 year ~~W~~ 208,744 213,300
1 ~ 2 years 199,511 217,747
2 ~ 3 years 190,204 204,867
3 ~ 4 years 181,251 193,379
4 ~ 5 years 171,967 184,436
More than 5 years 1,246,123 1,420,807
2,197,800 2,434,536
Less: unearned finance income (939,586 ) (1,078,138 )
Net investment in the lease (*) ~~W~~ 1,258,214 1,356,398
(*) Including the present value of unguaranteed residual value amounting to ~~W~~32,526 million and<br>~~W~~31,857 million, as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
--- ---

The implicit interest rate for a lease term is determined on the lease contract date. The implicit interest rate of the finance lease contracts is from 0.00% up to 17.56% per year as of September 30, 2025 (0.00%~17.15% as of December 31, 2024).

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

24. Lease, Continued
2) Group as a lessor, Continued
--- ---
(4) Changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts of finance lease receivables for the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month periodended September 30, 2025 For the year endedDecember 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginning balance ~~W~~ 5,255 5,256
Bad debt expense 2,130
Write-off (230 )
Reversal (1 )
Ending balance ~~W~~ 7,155 5,255

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

25. Employment Benefits
(1) Employment benefit obligations as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- ---
Net defined benefit asset ~~W~~ 13,885 40,425
Net defined benefit obligations 1,734,480 1,449,837
Other long-term employee benefit obligations 1,467 1,710
(2) Principal assumptions used for actuarial valuation as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024are as follows:
--- ---
As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- ---
Discount rate 3.26% ~ 4.94% 3.38% ~ 5.06%
Future salary and benefit levels 4.83 % 4.83%
Weighted average duration 9.61 years 9.89 years
(3) Details of expense relating to defined benefit plans for the three and nine-month periods endedSeptember 30, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Three-monthperiod ended Nine-month<br>period ended Three-month<br>period ended Nine-month<br>period ended
Current service cost ~~W~~ 115,766 344,458 105,788 312,835
Interest cost 42,700 126,112 45,464 132,936
Expected return on plan assets (29,875 ) (89,757 ) (33,620 ) (101,564 )
~~W~~ 128,591 380,813 117,632 344,207

Expenses described above are recognized in those items below in the condensed consolidated financialstatements.

In millions of won September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
Three-monthperiod ended Nine-month<br>period ended Three-month<br>period ended Nine-month<br>period ended
Cost of sales ~~W~~ 93,010 272,564 84,467 247,016
Selling and administrative expenses 23,087 71,462 21,928 64,008
Others including construction-in-progress 12,494 36,787 11,237 33,183
~~W~~ 128,591 380,813 117,632 344,207

In addition, for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, benefit expenses which the Group paid for the defined contribution plan in accordance with ratio defined in the Group’s retirement benefit plan are classified as follows: ~~W~~71,712 million and ~~W~~63,789 million as cost of sales; ~~W~~13,548 million and ~~W~~10,397 million as selling and administrative expenses; and ~~W~~13,214 million and ~~W~~10,925 million as construction-in-progress and others.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

25. Employment Benefits, Continued
(4) Details of defined benefit obligations as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are asfollows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Present value of defined benefit obligation from funded plans ~~W~~ 5,181,930 4,960,645
Fair value of plan assets (3,461,335 ) (3,551,233 )
Net liabilities incurred from defined benefit plans ~~W~~ 1,720,595 1,409,412
(5) Changes in the present value of defined benefit obligations for the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month periodended September 30, 2025 For the year ended<br>December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginning balance ~~W~~ 4,960,645 4,312,702
Current service cost 344,458 430,308
Interest cost 126,112 184,169
Remeasurement component 172,617 425,671
Actual payments (421,770 ) (392,336 )
Others (132 ) 131
Ending balance ~~W~~ 5,181,930 4,960,645
(6) Changes in the fair value of plan assets for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for theyear ended December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month periodended September 30, 2025 For the year ended<br>December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginning balance ~~W~~ 3,551,233 3,349,480
Expected return 89,757 141,108
Remeasurement component (3,752 ) (10,030 )
Contributions by the employers 21,536 254,763
Actual payments (197,439 ) (184,088 )
Ending balance ~~W~~ 3,461,335 3,551,233

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

25. Employment Benefits, Continued
(7) Details of the fair value of plan assets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are asfollows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- ---
Equity instruments ~~W~~ 850 2,308
Debt instruments 402,304 413,522
Bank deposits 433,143 452,158
Others (*) 2,625,038 2,683,245
~~W~~ 3,461,335 3,551,233
(*) Others consist of various financial instruments managed by external asset management companies.<br>
--- ---

For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024, actual returns on plan assets amounted to ~~W~~86,005 million and ~~W~~131,078 million, respectively.

(8) Remeasurement components recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) for the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 are as follows:
In millions of won For the nine-month periodended September 30, 2025 For the year ended<br>December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- ---
Actuarial loss from changes in financial assumptions ~~W~~ 24,644 320,582
Actuarial loss from experience adjustments, etc. 147,973 105,089
Expected loss 3,752 10,030
~~W~~ 176,369 435,701

Remeasurement component recognized as other comprehensive income or loss is included in retained earnings.

In addition, loss on accumulated remeasurement component amounting to ~~W~~68,254 million and ~~W~~95,694 million have been recognized as other comprehensive income or loss as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

26. Provisions
(1) Provisions as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Current Non-current Current Non-current
Employment benefits
Provisions for employment benefits ~~W~~ 986,498 1,093,625
Litigation
Litigation provisions 5,878 479,553 9,350 479,071
Decommissioning cost
Nuclear plants 79,501 23,604,527 79,501 23,192,872
Spent fuel 868,225 2,061,488 799,384 2,124,361
Radioactive waste 113,701 1,711,948 84,485 1,677,306
PCBs 28,853 39,389
Other recovery provisions 51,138 50,407
Others
Power plant regional support program 150,704 130,256
Transmission regional support program 175,898 302,631
Provisions for financial guarantee 20,835 24,367 26,440 4,484
Provisions for RPS 5,220
Provisions for greenhouse gas emissions obligations 3,657 156,463
Provision for onerous contracts 556,012 899 434 1,333
Others 76,012 302,039 111,402 267,811
~~W~~ 3,042,141 28,264,812 2,793,971 27,837,034
(2) Changes in provisions for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for the year endedDecember 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginningbalance Increase inprovision Payment Reversal Others Ending<br>balance
Employment benefits
Provisions for employment benefits ~~W~~ 1,093,625 880,186 (987,230 ) (83 ) 986,498
Litigation
Litigation provisions 488,421 26,650 (23,432 ) (6,208 ) 485,431
Decommissioning cost
Nuclear plants 23,272,373 453,850 (42,195 ) 23,684,028
Spent fuel 2,923,745 556,938 (326,629 ) (224,341 ) 2,929,713
Radioactive waste 1,761,791 80,880 (17,022 ) 1,825,649
PCBs 39,389 858 (11,394 ) 28,853
Other recovery provisions 50,407 12,530 (11,799 ) 51,138
Others
Power plant regional support program 130,256 59,909 (39,461 ) 150,704
Transmission regional support program 302,631 6,799 (133,532 ) 175,898
Provisions for financial guarantee 30,924 34,433 (17,103 ) (2,803 ) (249 ) 45,202
Provisions for RPS 796,792 (784,869 ) (6,703 ) 5,220
Provisions for greenhouse gas emissions obligations 156,463 6,924 (153,441 ) (2,107 ) (4,182 ) 3,657
Provision for onerous contracts 1,767 556,278 (1,134 ) 556,911
Others 379,213 127,370 (128,285 ) (247 ) 378,051
~~W~~ 30,631,005 3,600,397 (2,664,593 ) (243,379 ) (16,477 ) 31,306,953

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

26. Provisions, Continued
(2) Changes in provisions for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for the year endedDecember 31, 2024 are as follows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won For the year ended December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginningbalance Increase inprovision Payment Reversal Others Ending<br>balance
Employment benefits
Provisions for employment benefits ~~W~~ 999,691 1,226,957 (1,127,746 ) (5,379 ) 102 1,093,625
Litigation
Litigation provisions 177,018 373,328 (26,040 ) (35,885 ) 488,421
Decommissioning cost
Nuclear plants 21,646,887 1,692,508 (66,971 ) (51 ) 23,272,373
Spent fuel 2,925,734 842,753 (463,388 ) (381,354 ) 2,923,745
Radioactive waste 1,908,085 113,342 (56,907 ) (202,729 ) 1,761,791
PCBs 57,944 7,049 (25,604 ) 39,389
Other recovery provisions 36,082 4,479 (879 ) 10,725 50,407
Others
Power plant regional support program 130,034 55,761 (55,539 ) 130,256
Transmission regional support program 256,006 202,882 (156,257 ) 302,631
Provisions for financial guarantee 49,992 11,347 (25,723 ) (5,086 ) 394 30,924
Provisions for RPS 36,074 891,143 (862,039 ) (65,178 )
Provisions for greenhouse gas emissions obligations 18,672 164,438 (17,659 ) (5,611 ) (3,377 ) 156,463
Provision for onerous contracts 2,733 348 (1,314 ) 1,767
Others 290,217 294,606 (126,693 ) (1,127 ) (77,790 ) 379,213
~~W~~ 28,535,169 5,880,941 (3,011,445 ) (703,663 ) (69,997 ) 30,631,005

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

27. Government Grants
(1) Government grants as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- ---
Land ~~W~~ 27,392 27,403
Buildings 39,052 41,718
Structures 142,219 149,737
Machinery 95,622 105,546
Vehicles 2,447 2,745
Equipment 2,328 3,915
Tools 1,092 1,306
Construction-in-progress 233,591 223,566
Investment properties 23 22
Software 849 844
Development expenditures 613 939
Intangible assets under development 4,179 3,473
Other intangible assets 159 229
~~W~~ 549,566 561,443

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

27. Government Grants, Continued
(2) Changes in government grants for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for the year endedDecember 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginningbalance Receipt Acquisition Offset theitems ofdepreciationexpense andothers Disposal Revenue Others Endingbalance
Cash ~~W~~ 14,135 161 (14,296 )
Land 27,403 (11 ) 27,392
Buildings 41,718 (2,965 ) 299 39,052
Structures 149,737 (7,087 ) (490 ) 59 142,219
Machinery 105,546 (11,552 ) (313 ) 1,941 95,622
Vehicles 2,745 (980 ) (6 ) 688 2,447
Equipment 3,915 (1,587 ) 2,328
Tools 1,306 (327 ) 113 1,092
Construction-in-progress 223,566 (2,926 ) 12,951 233,591
Investment properties 22 1 23
Software 844 (231 ) 236 849
Development expenditures 939 (423 ) 97 613
Intangible assets under development 3,473 706 4,179
Other intangible assets 229 (70 ) 159
~~W~~ 561,443 14,135 (2,926 ) (25,222 ) (820 ) 161 2,795 549,566
In millions of won For the year ended December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginningbalance Receipt Acquisition Offset theitems ofdepreciationexpense andothers Disposal Revenue Others Endingbalance
Cash 59,503 4,789 (64,292 )
Land ~~W~~ 27,404 (1 ) 27,403
Buildings 46,227 (4,508 ) (1 ) 41,718
Structures 157,881 (9,458 ) (1,330 ) 2,644 149,737
Machinery 119,824 (16,076 ) (522 ) 2,320 105,546
Vehicles 2,837 (1,233 ) (8 ) 1,149 2,745
Equipment 5,932 (2,118 ) 101 3,915
Tools 62 (341 ) 1,585 1,306
Construction-in-progress 173,474 (6,806 ) (75 ) 56,973 223,566
Investment properties 22 (1 ) 1 22
Software 413 (229 ) 660 844
Development expenditures 2,121 (1,364 ) 182 939
Intangible assets under development 2,458 1,015 3,473
Other intangible assets 322 (93 ) 229
~~W~~ 538,977 59,503 (6,806 ) (35,421 ) (1,936 ) 4,789 2,337 561,443

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

28. Deferred Revenue

Changes in deferred revenues for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 are asfollows which are included in current and non-current non-financial liabilities in the consolidated statements of financial position:

In millions of won For the nine-month periodended September 30, 2025 For the year ended<br>December 31, 2024
Beginning balance ~~W~~ 13,652,565 11,548,855
Increase 1,203,481 2,924,341
Recognized as revenue (649,466 ) (820,631 )
Ending balance ~~W~~ 14,206,580 13,652,565
29. Non-financial Liabilities
--- ---

Non-financial liabilities as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
Current Non-current Current Non-current
Advance received ~~W~~ 3,208,162 531,625 3,531,207 354,218
Unearned revenue 43,089 12,479 37,062 14,910
Deferred revenue 810,805 13,395,775 776,988 12,875,577
Withholdings 546,119 1,549 271,425 2,296
Others 2,226,131 9,787 1,710,459 34,519
~~W~~ 6,834,306 13,951,215 6,327,141 13,281,520

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

30. Contributed Capital
(1) Details of share capital as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won except share information
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of September 30, 2025
Shares<br>authorized<br>(in shares) Shares issued<br>(in shares) Par value<br>per share<br>(in won) Owned bygovernment (*) Owned byothers Total
Common shares 1,200,000,000 641,964,077 ~~W~~ 5,000 1,640,385 1,569,435 3,209,820
(*) Korea Development Bank’s interest of ~~W~~1,056,176 million is included.<br>
--- ---
In millions of won except share information
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
As of December 31, 2024
Shares<br>authorized<br>(in shares) Shares issued<br>(in shares) Par value<br>per share<br>(in won) Owned bygovernment (*) Owned byothers Total
Common shares 1,200,000,000 641,964,077 ~~W~~ 5,000 1,640,385 1,569,435 3,209,820
(*) Korea Development Bank’s interest of ~~W~~1,056,176 million is included.<br>
--- ---
(2) Details in the number of floating capital stock for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 andfor the year ended December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
Number of shares For the nine-month periodended September 30, 2025 For the year endedDecember 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- ---
Beginning balance 641,964,077 641,964,077
Ending balance 641,964,077 641,964,077
(3) Details of share premium as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- ---
Share premium ~~W~~ 843,758 843,758

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

31. Retained Earnings and Dividends Paid
(1) Details of retained earnings as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- ---
Legal reserve (*) ~~W~~ 1,604,910 1,604,910
Voluntary reserves 567,469
Retained earnings before appropriations 24,934,926 18,523,337
Retained earnings ~~W~~ 27,107,305 20,128,247
(*) The KEPCO Act (Article 14) requires KEPCO to appropriate a legal reserve equal to at least 20 percent of net<br>income for each accounting period until the reserve equals 50 percent of KEPCO’s common stock. The legal reserve is not available for cash dividends; however, this reserve may be credited to paid-in capital or offset against accumulated<br>deficit by the resolution of the shareholders.
--- ---
(2) Details of voluntary reserves as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- ---
Reserve for business expansion ~~W~~ 567,469
~~W~~ 567,469
(3) Changes in retained earnings for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for the year endedDecember 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month periodended September 30, 2025 For the year endedDecember 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginning balance ~~W~~ 20,128,247 16,338,262
Profit for the year attributed to owners of the controlling company 7,220,576 3,491,698
Changes in equity method retained earnings 1,313 (6,346 )
Remeasurements of defined benefit liability, net of tax (106,094 ) (281,761 )
Transfer of revaluation reserve 586,394
Dividend paid (136,737 )
Ending balance ~~W~~ 27,107,305 20,128,247

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

31. Retained Earnings and Dividends Paid, Continued
(4) Dividends paid for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for the year endedDecember 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Number of<br>shares issued<br>(in shares) Number of<br>treasury stocks<br>(in shares) Number of<br>shares eligible for<br>dividends (inshares) Dividends paid<br>per share<br>(in won) Dividends<br>paid
Common shares 641,964,077 641,964,077 ~~W~~ 213 136,737
In millions of won For the year ended December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Number of<br>shares issued<br>(in shares) Number of<br>treasury stocks<br>(in shares) Number of<br>shares eligible for<br>dividends (inshares) Dividends paid<br>per share<br>(in won) Dividends<br>paid
Common shares 641,964,077 641,964,077 ~~W~~
(5) Changes in retained earnings of investments in associates and joint ventures for the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month periodended September 30, 2025 For the year endedDecember 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginning balance ~~W~~ (17,420 ) (11,074 )
Changes 1,313 (6,346 )
Ending balance ~~W~~ (16,107 ) (17,420 )
(6) Changes in remeasurement components related to defined benefit liability for the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month periodended September 30, 2025 For the year endedDecember 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginning balance ~~W~~ (95,694 ) 29,229
Changes (170,436 ) (421,327 )
Income tax effect 64,342 139,566
Transfer to reserve for business expansion 133,534 156,838
Ending balance ~~W~~ (68,254 ) (95,694 )

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

32. Hybrid Bonds

Hybrid bonds classified as equity (non-controlling interests) as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won
Issuer Hybrid bond Issued date Maturity Yield (%) As ofSeptember 30,2025 As ofDecember 31,2024
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. (*1, 2) 2nd hybrid bond 2012.12.07 2042.12.06 5.10 ~~W~~ 230,000
Expense of issuance (627 )
~~W~~ 229,373
(*1) Bondholders may not require prepayment in any case, and the Group has a call option to repay all of these bonds<br>on or after 12 years from the date of issuance of the bonds, or on each interest payment date henceforth. In addition, there is a step-up clause from the date of the initial call option exercise. Although these instruments have contractual maturity<br>dates, the contractual agreements allow the Group to indefinitely extend the maturity dates and defer the payment of interest without modification to the other terms of the instruments. When the Group decides not to pay dividends on common shares,<br>they are not required to pay interest on the hybrid bonds. From December 7, 2024, the date when the call option becomes exercisable for the first time, the interest rate has increased from 4.44% to 5.10% due to the application of the step-up<br>provision.
--- ---
(*2) 2nd hybrid bond was redeemed during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

33. Other Components of Equity
(1) Other components of equity as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- ---
Other capital surplus ~~W~~ 1,605,627 1,600,812
Accumulated other comprehensive income 1,078,428 1,424,014
Other equity 12,708,585 12,708,585
~~W~~ 15,392,640 15,733,411
(2) Changes in other capital surplus for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for the yearended December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month period endedSeptember 30, 2025 For the year ended December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Gains ondisposal of<br>treasury<br>stocks Others Total Gains on<br>disposal of<br>treasury<br>stocks Others Total
Beginning balance ~~W~~ 387,524 1,213,288 1,600,812 387,524 1,213,277 1,600,801
Additional paid-in capital of subsidiaries (246 ) (246 ) (7 ) (7 )
Equity transaction within the consolidated entity 5,061 5,061 18 18
Ending balance ~~W~~ 387,524 1,218,103 1,605,627 387,524 1,213,288 1,600,812

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

33. Other Components of Equity, Continued
(3) Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the nine-month period ended September 30,2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Financial assets at<br>fair value through<br>other<br>comprehensive<br>income<br>valuationreserve Shares of othercomprehensive<br>income of<br>investments in<br>associates and jointventures Reserve for<br>overseas operations<br>translation credit Reserve for<br>gain (loss) onvaluation of<br>derivatives Total
Beginning balance ~~W~~ 80,757 1,597,958 (231,946 ) (22,755 ) 1,424,014
Changes in the unrealized fair value of financial assets at FVOCI, net of tax 112,544 112,544
Shares of other comprehensive loss of associates and joint ventures, net of tax (404,787 ) (404,787 )
Foreign currency translation of foreign operations, net of tax (68,686 ) (68,686 )
Net change in the unrealized fair value of derivatives using cash flow hedge accounting, net of<br>tax 15,343 15,343
Ending balance ~~W~~ 193,301 1,193,171 (300,632 ) (7,412 ) 1,078,428
In millions of won For the year ended December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Financial assets at<br>fair value through<br>other<br>comprehensive<br>income<br>valuationreserve Shares of othercomprehensive<br>income of<br>investments in<br>associates and jointventures Reserve for<br>overseas operations<br>translation credit Reserve for<br>gain (loss) onvaluation of<br>derivatives Total
Beginning balance ~~W~~ (20,002 ) 943,733 (331,570 ) (34,731 ) 557,430
Changes in the unrealized fair value of financial assets at FVOCI, net of tax 100,759 100,759
Shares of other comprehensive income of associates and joint ventures, net of tax 654,225 654,225
Foreign currency translation of foreign operations, net of tax 99,624 99,624
Net change in the unrealized fair value of derivatives using cash flow hedge accounting, net of<br>tax 11,976 11,976
Ending balance ~~W~~ 80,757 1,597,958 (231,946 ) (22,755 ) 1,424,014
(4) Other equity as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Statutory revaluation reserve ~~W~~ 12,708,704 12,708,704
Changes in other equity (119 ) (119 )
~~W~~ 12,708,585 12,708,585

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

34. Sales

Details of sales for each of the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won September 30, 2025
Domestic Overseas Total
Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Three-monthperiod<br>ended Nine-<br>monthperiod<br>ended Three-<br>monthperiod<br>ended Nine-<br>monthperiod<br>ended
[Type of goods and services]
Sales of goods ~~W~~ 26,900,260 71,894,938 133,282 341,049 27,033,542 72,235,987
Electricity 26,474,032 70,631,565 26,474,032 70,631,565
Heat supply 16,295 257,478 16,295 257,478
Others 409,933 1,005,895 133,282 341,049 543,215 1,346,944
Sales related to rendering of services 129,093 328,611 46,088 150,144 175,181 478,755
Sales related to construction services 45,302 135,889 99,528 246,409 144,830 382,298
Revenue related to transfer of assets from customers 218,831 649,466 218,831 649,466
~~W~~ 27,293,486 73,008,904 278,898 737,602 27,572,384 73,746,506
[Timing of revenue recognition]
Performance obligations satisfied at a point in time ~~W~~ 26,900,260 71,894,938 133,282 341,049 27,033,542 72,235,987
Performance obligations satisfied over time 393,226 1,113,966 145,616 396,553 538,842 1,510,519
~~W~~ 27,293,486 73,008,904 278,898 737,602 27,572,384 73,746,506
In millions of won September 30, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Domestic Overseas Total
Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Three-<br>monthperiod<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended
[Type of goods and services]
Sales of goods ~~W~~ 25,511,814 68,179,045 117,524 270,933 25,629,338 68,449,978
Electricity 25,022,271 66,727,885 25,022,271 66,727,885
Heat supply 18,383 253,676 18,383 253,676
Others 471,160 1,197,484 117,524 270,933 588,684 1,468,417
Sales related to rendering of services 98,019 315,816 43,887 163,379 141,906 479,195
Sales related to construction services 38,890 99,236 97,516 264,079 136,406 363,315
Revenue related to transfer of assets from customers 195,707 577,319 195,707 577,319
~~W~~ 25,844,430 69,171,416 258,927 698,391 26,103,357 69,869,807
[Timing of revenue recognition]
Performance obligations satisfied at a point in time ~~W~~ 25,511,814 68,179,045 117,524 270,933 25,629,338 68,449,978
Performance obligations satisfied over time 332,616 992,371 141,403 427,458 474,019 1,419,829
~~W~~ 25,844,430 69,171,416 258,927 698,391 26,103,357 69,869,807

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

35. Selling and Administrative Expenses

Selling and administrative expenses for each of the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended
Salaries ~~W~~ 276,015 855,678 276,248 829,647
Retirement benefit expense 29,497 85,010 24,956 74,405
Welfare and benefit expense 48,291 122,034 43,144 107,687
Insurance expense 7,618 23,833 6,818 21,096
Depreciation 60,805 177,069 57,599 172,727
Amortization of intangible assets 17,697 63,087 22,301 66,426
Bad debt expense 22,163 53,707 13,098 36,899
Commission 125,854 330,880 144,992 351,695
Advertising expense 9,978 26,754 7,654 26,104
Training expense 2,767 7,082 2,183 6,288
Vehicle maintenance expense 2,741 7,059 2,540 6,725
Publishing expense 263 1,779 377 1,642
Business promotion expense 734 2,121 610 1,911
Rent expense 20,024 46,189 15,516 37,323
Telecommunication expense 2,269 7,416 2,189 7,052
Transportation expense 296 838 284 773
Taxes and dues 5,174 89,621 3,322 89,902
Expendable supplies expense 1,889 6,117 1,472 4,680
Water, light and heating expense 4,331 12,272 4,721 12,243
Repairs and maintenance expense 39,562 106,394 32,802 101,455
Ordinary development expense 63,398 154,361 54,896 139,112
Travel expense 5,047 15,775 4,312 13,575
Clothing expense 1,585 4,457 2,347 3,739
Survey and analysis expense 168 565 229 637
Membership fee 197 1,620 259 1,494
Others 39,003 93,805 31,302 93,829
~~W~~ 787,366 2,295,523 756,171 2,209,066

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

36. Other Income and Expenses
(1) Other income for each of the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are asfollows:
--- ---
In millions of won September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended
Reversal of other provisions ~~W~~ 2,544 6,627 1,332 23,746
Reversal of other bad debt allowance 4,101
Gains on government grants 59 161
Gains on assets contributed 1,304 2,817 24,585 28,724
Gains on liabilities exempted 49 756 127 288
Compensation and reparations revenue 44,490 90,385 12,574 67,382
Revenue from foundation fund 51 214 1 2
Rental income 52,297 157,486 45,583 153,119
Others 22,104 44,889 14,460 48,430
~~W~~ 122,898 307,436 98,662 321,691
(2) Other expenses for each of the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are asfollows:
--- ---
In millions of won September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended
Compensation and indemnification expense ~~W~~ (1,000 ) 310 3 138
Accretion expenses of other provisions 6,775 5,888 4,457 4,809
Depreciation expenses on investment properties 270 778 172 495
Depreciation expenses on idle assets 903 2,710 911 2,747
Other bad debt expense 5,142 5,144 3,796 11,799
Donations 32,432 109,177 16,069 154,388
Others 25,002 38,973 27,759 38,596
~~W~~ 69,524 162,980 53,167 212,972

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

37. Other Gains (Losses)

Composition of other gains (losses) for each of the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 is as follows:

In millions of won September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended
Other gains
Gains on disposal of property, plant and equipment ~~W~~ 272,124 280,199 18,597 83,068
Gains on disposal of intangible assets 2 18 8 22
Reversal of impairment loss on intangible assets 2 42
Gains on foreign currency translation 782 9,840 9,366 27,449
Gains on foreign currency transactions 8,188 83,926 28,261 59,099
Gains on insurance proceeds 178 1,193 2,604 3,411
Others 46,626 328,142 72,476 198,334
Other losses
Losses on disposal of property, plant and equipment (37,425 ) (87,565 ) (12,048 ) (58,633 )
Losses on disposal of intangible assets (13 ) (110 )
Impairment loss on intangible assets (30 )
Losses on foreign currency translation (42,275 ) (5,217 )
Losses on foreign currency transactions (27,875 ) (65,269 ) (7,937 ) (81,008 )
Others (22,210 ) (148,632 ) (29,054 ) (100,246 )
~~W~~ 240,392 359,576 82,273 126,169

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

38. Finance Income

Finance income for each of the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 is as follows:

In millions of won September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended
Interest income ~~W~~ 116,964 332,010 100,375 323,744
Dividend income 1,374 24,695 1,369 12,243
Gains on disposal of financial assets 9,636 29,132 8,679 29,383
Gains on valuation of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 20,153 54,942 19,003 68,950
Gains on valuation of derivatives 555,044 77,861 469,540
Gains on transaction of derivatives 65,432 204,610 44,641 192,676
Gains on foreign currency translation 861,917 936,771 105,385
Gains on foreign currency transactions 4,803 298,544 13,030 25,030
Others 1,293 2,530 4,593 6,383
~~W~~ 774,699 1,886,241 1,128,461 1,233,334

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

39. Finance Expenses

Finance expenses for each of the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended
Interest expense ~~W~~ 1,068,176 3,279,432 1,138,819 3,422,931
Losses on sale of financial assets 842 3,525 219
Losses on valuation of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 2,106 2,493 279
Losses on valuation of derivatives 514,824 740,389 80,486
Losses on transaction of derivatives 12,632 274,826 24,358 45,650
Losses on foreign currency translation 523,574 89,244 464,464
Losses on foreign currency transactions 1,594 46,706 20,816 76,812
Others 5,504 3,482 11,830
~~W~~ 1,608,924 4,216,554 1,927,864 4,102,671

Capitalization rates for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are 2.27% ~ 3.31% and 2.45% ~ 4.01%, respectively.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

40. Income Taxes
(1) Income tax expense is calculated by adjusting prior year adjustments, changes in deferred tax assets and<br>liabilities resulting from temporary differences, and income tax expense related to items recognized as other than profit or loss. The average effective tax rate for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 is 28.48% and 36.26%,<br>respectively.
--- ---
(2) Pillar two model rules
--- ---

The Group has assessed the potential exposure arising from the Pillar Two legislation based on the financial information. Based on the assessment carried out so far, the Group has identified its potential exposure to Pillar Two income taxes on profits earned from its constituent entities operating in Nepal, Pakistan, Vietnam, and other jurisdictions where the expected Pillar Two effective tax rate is likely to be lower than 15%. As a result, the Group expects that KEPCO and its constituent entities operating therein will pay additional Pillar Two income taxes on the profit from such constituent entities.

The current income tax expense recognized for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 in relation to the additional Pillar Two income taxes amounts to ~~W~~2,132 million. The Group has applied the mandatory exception to recognition and disclosure of deferred taxes arising from Pillar Two income taxes.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

41. Assets and Liabilities Held-for-Sale

Assets and liabilities held-for-sale as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
Assets held-for-sale
Cash and cash equivalents (*2) ~~W~~ 1,660
Trade and other receivables (*2) 1,176
Inventories (*2) 2,822
Property, plant and equipment (*1,2) 27,142 45,648
Intangible assets (*2) 13,332
Other assets (*2) 29,773
~~W~~ 75,905 45,648
Liabilities held-for-sale
Trade and other payables (*2) ~~W~~ 5,478
Other liabilities (*2) 5,755
~~W~~ 11,233
(*1) The board of directors of Korea Electric Power Corporation, the controlling company, made a resolution to sell<br>the Uijeongbu substation, and reclassified the buildings and land as assets held-for-sale expecting its carrying amount would be recovered through a sale transaction during the year ended December 31, 2022. KEPCO completed the sale during the<br>nine-month period ended September 30, 2025.
--- ---
(*2) Korea Western Power Co., Ltd., Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd., and Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd.,<br>subsidiaries of the Group, resolved to dispose of their interests in the Moolarben JV project in Australia upon approval by their respective boards of directors. As the carrying amounts of the related assets are expected to be recovered principally<br>through a sale transaction, the associated assets and liabilities have been reclassified as assets and liabilities held-for-sale.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

42. Expenses Classified by Nature

Expenses classified by nature for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
Selling andadministrativeexpenses Cost of sales Total
Raw materials used ~~W~~ 14,115,857 14,115,857
Power purchase 26,606,262 26,606,262
Salaries 855,678 3,509,816 4,365,494
Retirement benefit expense 85,010 344,276 429,286
Welfare and benefit expense 122,034 409,707 531,741
Insurance expense 23,833 100,792 124,625
Depreciation 177,069 10,160,913 10,337,982
Amortization of intangible assets 63,087 55,640 118,727
Bad debt expense 53,707 53,707
Commission 330,880 244,867 575,747
Advertising expense 26,754 8,264 35,018
Training expense 7,082 12,390 19,472
Vehicle maintenance expense 7,059 6,653 13,712
Publishing expense 1,779 1,867 3,646
Business promotion expense 2,121 1,914 4,035
Rent expense 46,189 132,992 179,181
Telecommunication expense 7,416 7,845 15,261
Transportation expense 838 53,622 54,460
Taxes and dues 89,621 499,415 589,036
Expendable supplies expense 6,117 38,052 44,169
Water, light and heating expense 12,272 30,729 43,001
Repairs and maintenance expense 106,394 1,958,126 2,064,520
Ordinary development expense 154,361 422,111 576,472
Travel expense 15,775 55,674 71,449
Clothing expense 4,457 5,789 10,246
Survey and analysis expense 565 3,040 3,605
Membership fee 1,620 15,236 16,856
Others 93,805 1,107,743 1,201,548
~~W~~ 2,295,523 59,909,592 62,205,115

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

42. Expenses Classified by Nature, Continued

Expenses classified by nature for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and2024 are as follows, continued:

In millions of won For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024
Selling andadministrativeexpenses Cost of sales Total
Raw materials used ~~W~~ 16,415,002 16,415,002
Power purchase 26,819,297 26,819,297
Salaries 829,647 3,389,287 4,218,934
Retirement benefit expense 74,405 310,805 385,210
Welfare and benefit expense 107,687 385,749 493,436
Insurance expense 21,096 99,871 120,967
Depreciation 172,727 10,321,369 10,494,096
Amortization of intangible assets 66,426 56,030 122,456
Bad debt expense 36,899 36,899
Commission 351,695 283,678 635,373
Advertising expense 26,104 6,415 32,519
Training expense 6,288 10,824 17,112
Vehicle maintenance expense 6,725 6,925 13,650
Publishing expense 1,642 1,670 3,312
Business promotion expense 1,911 1,773 3,684
Rent expense 37,323 131,712 169,035
Telecommunication expense 7,052 7,509 14,561
Transportation expense 773 44,539 45,312
Taxes and dues 89,902 488,130 578,032
Expendable supplies expense 4,680 33,051 37,731
Water, light and heating expense 12,243 30,602 42,845
Repairs and maintenance expense 101,455 2,092,297 2,193,752
Ordinary development expense 139,112 389,838 528,950
Travel expense 13,575 56,896 70,471
Clothing expense 3,739 6,874 10,613
Survey and analysis expense 637 2,897 3,534
Membership fee 1,494 15,001 16,495
Others 93,829 307,040 400,869
~~W~~ 2,209,066 61,715,081 63,924,147

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

43. Earnings Per Share
(1) Basic earnings per share for each of the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024are as follows:
--- ---
In Won September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Type Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended
Basic earnings per share ~~W~~ 5,850 11,248 2,881 3,857
(2) Profits for the periods and the weighted average number of common shares used in the calculation of basicearnings per share for each of the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won except number of shares September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Type Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended
Profit attributable to controlling interest ~~W~~ 3,755,618 7,220,576 1,849,337 2,475,886
Profit used in the calculation of total basic earnings per share 3,755,618 7,220,576 1,849,337 2,475,886
Weighted average number of common shares (in shares) 641,964,077 641,964,077 641,964,077 641,964,077
(3) The weighted average number of common shares used in the calculation of basic earnings per share for each ofthe three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 is as follows:
--- ---
In number of shares September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Type Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Three-<br>month<br>period<br>ended Nine-<br>month<br>period<br>ended
The number of common shares issued at beginning of the year 641,964,077 641,964,077 641,964,077 641,964,077
Weighted average number of common shares 641,964,077 641,964,077 641,964,077 641,964,077
(4) There are no potential dilutive instruments, thus diluted earnings per share are same as basic earnings pershare for each of the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

44. Risk Management

The Group manages various risks that may arise from each business segment, primarily focusing on credit risk, market risk, interest rate risk, and liquidity risk. These risks are identified, measured, controlled, and reported in accordance with the Group’s established basic policy for risk management.

(1) Capital risk management

The Group manages its capital to ensure the ability to continue as a going concern while minimizing the cost of capital and maximizing returns to shareholders. The management of the Group periodically reviews the capital structure and maintains an optimal capital mix through short and long-term borrowings and equity issuances. The capital structure consists of net debt (calculated as borrowings less cash and cash equivalents) and equity. The Group’s overall capital risk management policy remains consistent with the prior year.

Details of the Group’s capital management accounts as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
Total borrowings and debt securities ~~W~~ 130,478,379 132,533,400
Cash and cash equivalents 2,275,359 2,382,979
Net borrowings and debt securities 128,203,020 130,150,421
Total equity 47,751,330 41,362,833
Debt to equity ratio 268.48 % 314.66 %
(2) Financial risk management
--- ---

The Group is exposed to various risks related to its financial instruments, such as market risk (currency risk, interest rate risk, price risk), and credit risk. The Group monitors and manages the financial risks relating to the operations of the Group through internal risk reports which analyze exposures by degree and magnitude of risks. The Group uses derivative financial instruments to hedge certain risk exposures. The Group’s overall financial risk management strategy remains consistent with the prior year.

(i) Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Group if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations, and arises primarily from the sales activities, securities and derivatives. In addition, credit risk exposure may exist within financial guarantees and unused line of credits. As these financial institutions the Group makes transactions with are reputable financial institutions, the credit risk from them is considered limited. The Group decides credit transaction limits based on evaluation of client’s credit, through information obtained from the credit bureau and disclosed financial position at committing contracts.

Credit risk management

Electricity sales, the main operations of the Group are the necessity for daily life and industrial activities of Korean nationals and have importance as one of the national key industries. The Group dominates the domestic market supplying electricity to customers. The Group is not exposed to significant credit risk as customers of the Group are diverse and are from various industries and areas. The Group uses publicly available information and its own internal data related to trade receivables, to rate its major customers and to measure the credit risk that a counter party will default on a contractual obligation. For the incurred but not recognized loss, it is measured considering overdue period.

Impairment and allowance account

In accordance with the Group policies, individual material financial assets are assessed on a regular basis. Trade receivables that are assessed not to be impaired individually are, in addition, assessed for impairment on a collective basis. Value of the acquired collateral (including the confirmation of feasibility) and estimated collectible amounts are included in this assessment.

Allowance for bad debts assessed on a collective basis is recognized for (i) the group of assets which individually are not material and (ii) incurred but not recognized losses that are assessed using statistical methods, judgment and past experience.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

44. Risk Management, Continued
(2) Financial risk management, continued
--- ---

Book values of the financial assets represent the maximum exposed amounts of the credit risk. Details of the Group’s level of maximum exposure to credit risk as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
Cash and cash equivalents ~~W~~ 2,275,359 2,382,979
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (*1) 3,056,612 2,013,948
Derivative assets (trading) 1,252,196 1,846,527
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (debt securities) 5,045 5,045
Financial assets at amortized cost 31,202 30,233
Loans 886,361 908,148
Long-term/short-term financial instruments 3,401,141 1,960,140
Derivative assets (applying hedge accounting) 379,851 844,637
Trade and other receivables 15,433,453 15,373,625
Financial guarantee contracts (*2) 4,180,433 5,151,554
~~W~~ 30,901,653 30,516,836
(*1) Equity investments held by the Group are excluded.
--- ---
(*2) Maximum exposure associated with the financial guarantee contracts is the maximum amounts of the obligation.<br>
--- ---

For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025, there are no financial assets and non-financial assets that were acquired through the exercise of the right of collateralized assets and reinforcement of credit arrangement.

(ii) Market risk

Market risk is the risk that the Group’s fair values of the financial instruments or future cash flows are affected by the changes in the market. Market risk consists of interest rate risk, currency risk and other price risk.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

44. Risk Management, Continued
(2) Financial risk management, continued
--- ---
(iii) Sensitivity analysis
--- ---

Significant assets and liabilities with uncertainties in underlying assumptions.

Defined benefit obligation

A sensitivity analysis of defined benefit obligation assuming a 1%p increase and decrease in the actuarial valuation assumptions as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is as follows:

In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
Type Accounts 1%p Increase 1%p<br>Decrease 1%p<br>Increase 1%p<br>Decrease
Future salary increases Increase (decrease) in defined benefit obligation ~~W~~ 520,522 (454,692 ) 473,627 (413,799 )
Discount rate Increase (decrease) in defined benefit obligation (439,087 ) 515,584 (429,517 ) 506,031

Changes in retirement benefit costs assuming a 1%p increase and decrease in discount rate on plan asset for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are ~~W~~24,602 million and ~~W~~23,556 million, respectively.

Provisions

The underlying assumptions to estimate provisions as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

Accounts Type As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
PCBs Inflation rate 2.80 % 2.80 %
Discount rate 2.90 % 2.90 %
Nuclear plants Inflation rate 2.02 % 2.02 %
Discount rate 2.78 % 2.78 %
Spent fuel Inflation rate 1.91 % 1.91 %
Discount rate 2.49 % 2.49 %
Radioactive waste Inflation rate 3.32 % 3.32 %
Discount rate 4.17 % 4.17 %

A sensitivity analysis of provisions assuming a 0.1%p increase and decrease in the underlying assumptions as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is as follows:

In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
Type Accounts 0.1%pIncrease 0.1%p<br>Decrease 0.1%p<br>Increase 0.1%p<br>Decrease
Discount rate PCBs ~~W~~ (29 ) 29 (58 ) 58
Nuclear plants (458,517 ) 475,337 (464,727 ) 481,899
Spent fuel (130,228 ) 130,925 (129,983 ) 130,679
Radioactive waste (10,808 ) 10,913 (11,363 ) 11,478
Inflation rate PCBs 29 (29 ) 58 (58 )
Nuclear plants 518,346 (500,556 ) 507,814 (490,386 )
Spent fuel 134,099 (128,769 ) 133,847 (128,527 )
Radioactive waste 11,814 (11,715 ) 11,167 (11,075 )

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

44. Risk Management, Continued
(2) Financial risk management, continued
--- ---

Management judgment effected by uncertainties in underlying assumptions.

Foreign currency risk

The Group undertakes transactions denominated in foreign currencies; consequently, exposures to exchange rate fluctuations arise. The carrying amounts of the Group’s foreign currency denominated monetary assets and monetary liabilities as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

In thousands of foreign currencies Liabilities
Type As of December 31, 2024 As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
AED 56,304 33,465 4,435 8,795
AUD 51 26 10 64
BDT 2,251 2,252
BWP 768 768
CAD 2 2 61
CHF 100,230 100,686
DOP 5,923 7,772
EGP 220,254 203,044
7,382 20,433 42,284 47,829
32 139 4
HKD 6,236,525 5,093,862
IDR 20,261,140 37,830,902 28,488,335 4,027,099
1,161,183 1,037,437 190,774 225,042
JOD 438 902 258 49,128
192,185 23,798 4,771,980 7,483,199
KZT 1,495 1,510
MGA 9,111,659 5,452,745 698,148 248,175
MMK 188,021 188,021
MYR 2,805 2,805
PHP 81,722 19,401
PKR 58,591,865 68,734,242 10,418 10,418
SAR 1,043 1,087
SEK 449,337 449,302
SGD 143 291 110
1,364,030 1,651,765 12,724,150 15,364,685
UYU 200,540 99,189 1,037 1,141
VND 969,496 733,338 587,003
ZAR 82,938 79,897

All values are in Euros.

A sensitivity analysis on the Group’s income for the period assuming a 10% increase and decrease in currency exchange rates as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is as follows:

In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
Type 10% Increase 10% Decrease 10% Increase 10% Decrease
Increase (decrease) of profit before income tax ~~W~~ (1,704,514 ) 1,704,514 (2,114,808 ) 2,114,808
Increase (decrease) of shareholder’s equity (*) (1,704,514 ) 1,704,514 (2,114,808 ) 2,114,808
(*) The effect on the shareholder’s equity excludes the impact of income taxes.
--- ---

The sensitivity analysis above is conducted for monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies other than functional currency, without consideration of hedge effect of related derivatives, as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

44. Risk Management, Continued
(2) Financial risk management, continued
--- ---

To manage its foreign currency risk related to foreign currency denominated receivables and payables, the Group has a policy to enter into currency swap agreements. In addition, to manage its foreign currency risk related to foreign currency denominated expected sales transactions and purchase transactions, the Group enters into currency forward agreements.

There is an economic relationship between the hedged item and the hedging instrument as the terms of cross-currency swap agreement are consistent with the terms of expected transaction (repayment of foreign debt securities and others). The hedging ratio is 1:1 as the risk of cross-currency swap agreement matches the hedged item. As of September 30, 2025, the hedging instrument (cross-currency swap) hedges the risk of the hedged item (repayment of foreign debt securities and others).

Interest rate risk

The Group is exposed to interest rate risk due to its borrowing with floating interest rates. A 1%p increase or decrease is used when reporting interest rate risk internally to key management personnel and represents management’s assessment of the reasonably possible change in interest rates.

The Group’s borrowings and debt securities with floating interest rates as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won<br><br><br>Type As ofSeptember 30,2025 As ofDecember 31,2024
Short-term borrowings ~~W~~ 3,328,214 4,069,444
Long-term borrowings 10,632,988 10,112,707
Debt securities 742,677 41,578
~~W~~ 14,703,879 14,223,729

A sensitivity analysis on the Group’s borrowings and debt securities assuming a 1%p increase and decrease in interest rates for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 is as follows:

In millions of won For the nine-month periodended September 30, 2025 For the year ended<br>December 31, 2024
Type 1%p Increase 1%p Decrease 1%p Increase 1%p Decrease
Increase (decrease) of profit before income tax ~~W~~ (110,279 ) 110,279 (142,237 ) 142,237
Increase (decrease) of shareholder’s equity (*) (110,279 ) 110,279 (142,237 ) 142,237
(*) The effect on the shareholder’s equity excludes the impact of income taxes.
--- ---

The Group manages its interest rate risk by having a balanced portfolio of fixed and variable rate loans and borrowings. To manage this, the Group enters into interest rate swaps, in which it agrees to exchange, at specified intervals, the difference between fixed and variable rate interest amounts calculated by reference to an agreed-upon notional principal amount. The above analysis measures the interest rate risk before reflecting the hedge effect by related derivatives.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

44. Risk Management, Continued
(2) Financial risk management, continued
--- ---
Electricity rates risk
--- ---

The Group is exposed to electricity rates risk due to changes in government regulations and policies on national power supply schemes and electricity billing rates, in consideration of the national economy.

A sensitivity analysis on the Group’s income for the period assuming a 1% increase and decrease in price of electricity for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 is as follows:

In millions of won For the nine-month periodended September 30, 2025 For the nine-month periodended September 30, 2024
Type 1% Increase 1% Decrease 1% Increase 1% Decrease
Increase (decrease) of profit before income tax ~~W~~ 706,316 (706,316 ) 667,279 (667,279 )
Increase (decrease) of shareholder’s equity (*) 706,316 (706,316 ) 667,279 (667,279 )
(*) The effect on the shareholder’s equity excludes the impact of income taxes.
--- ---
(iv) Liquidity risk
--- ---

The Group has established an appropriate liquidity risk management framework for the management of the Group’s short, medium and long-term funding and liquidity management requirements. The Group manages liquidity risk by continuously monitoring forecasted and actual cash flows, and by matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities.

In addition, the Group has established credit lines on its trade financing and bank overdrafts, and through payment guarantees it has received, it maintains an adequate credit (borrowing) line. In addition, the Group has the ability to utilize excess cash or long-term borrowings for major construction investments.

The expected maturities of non-derivative financial liabilities as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 in detail are as follows:

In millions of won As of September 30, 2025
Type Less than 1year 1~2 Years 2~5 Years More than<br>5 years Total
Borrowings ~~W~~ 21,086,326 641,902 718,105 2,663,101 25,109,434
Debt securities 27,979,522 29,129,130 37,783,793 26,587,968 121,480,413
Lease liabilities 560,073 455,444 1,144,199 1,380,056 3,539,772
Trade and other payables (*1) 8,211,785 368,540 685,309 519,005 9,784,639
Financial guarantee contracts (*2) 4,180,433 4,180,433
~~W~~ 62,018,139 30,595,016 40,331,406 31,150,130 164,094,691
(*1) Excludes lease liabilities.
--- ---
(*2) The total amount represents the maximum exposure that the Group would be obliged to bear in the event of a<br>financial guarantee occurrence, allocated to the earliest period in which the guarantee may be called upon. As of September 30, 2025, the Group has recognized ~~W~~45,202 million as a provision for financial guarantee<br>contracts.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

44. Risk Management, Continued
(2) Financial risk management, continued
--- ---
In millions of won As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Type Less than 1year 1~2 Years 2~5 Years More than<br>5 years Total
Borrowings ~~W~~ 18,887,527 430,883 1,300,087 2,032,303 22,650,800
Debt securities 28,967,125 29,601,867 39,451,207 28,885,833 126,906,032
Lease liabilities 632,878 553,030 1,264,310 1,670,416 4,120,634
Trade and other payables (*1) 8,807,823 354,778 631,653 526,846 10,321,100
Financial guarantee contracts (*2) 3,156,187 1,712,801 270,806 11,760 5,151,554
~~W~~ 60,451,540 32,653,359 42,918,063 33,127,158 169,150,120
(*1) Excludes lease liabilities.
--- ---
(*2) The total amount represents the maximum exposure that the Group would be obliged to bear in the event of a<br>financial guarantee occurrence, and it is classified by maturity of the guarantee contracts. The maximum amount of guarantee that may be called upon at the earliest period is ~~W~~5,151,554 million. As of December 31, 2024, the<br>Group has recognized ~~W~~30,924 million as a provision for financial guarantee contracts.
--- ---

As the Group manages liquidity based on net assets and net liabilities, information about non-derivative financial assets should be included in the disclosure for better understanding of liquidity risk management.

The expected maturities of non-derivative financial assets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 in detail are as follows:

In millions of won As of September 30, 2025
Type Less than 1year 1~5 Years More than<br>5 years Other (*) Total
Cash and cash equivalents ~~W~~ 2,275,359 2,275,359
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 814,875 814,875
Financial assets at amortized cost 21,067 10,135 31,202
Loans and receivables 83,687 387,421 310,225 141,941 923,274
Long-term/short-term financial Instruments 2,596,122 19,414 785,605 3,401,141
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 2,506,258 313,670 674,486 529,117 4,023,531
Trade and other receivables 12,407,441 2,668,387 3,587,041 18,662,869
~~W~~ 19,889,934 3,399,027 4,571,752 2,271,538 30,132,251
In millions of won As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Type Less than 1year 1~5 Years More than<br>5 years Other (*) Total
Cash and cash equivalents ~~W~~ 2,382,979 2,382,979
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 674,850 674,850
Financial assets at amortized cost 20,418 1,333 8,482 30,233
Loans and receivables 110,005 347,251 369,851 118,013 945,120
Long-term/short-term financial Instruments 1,147,929 583 811,628 1,960,140
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 1,467,954 346,982 780,130 494,710 3,089,776
Trade and other receivables 12,245,159 1,506,085 2,126,928 15,878,172
~~W~~ 17,374,444 2,202,234 3,285,391 2,099,201 24,961,270
(*) The maturities cannot be presently determined.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

44. Risk Management, Continued
(2) Financial risk management, continued
--- ---

Derivative liabilities classified by maturity periods from reporting date to maturity dates as per the contracts as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won As of September 30, 2025
Type Less than1 year 1~2 Years 2~5 Years More than<br>5 years Total
Net settlement
- Trading ~~W~~
Gross settlement
- Trading and others (77,781 ) (99,208 ) (40,875 ) (89,669 ) (307,533 )
- Hedging
~~W~~ (77,781 ) (99,208 ) (40,875 ) (89,669 ) (307,533 )
In millions of won As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Type Less than1 year 1~2 Years 2~5 Years More than<br>5 years Total
Net settlement
- Trading ~~W~~
Gross settlement
- Trading and others (46,087 ) (61,259 ) (73,017 ) (31,760 ) (212,123 )
- Hedging (4,895 ) (4,895 )
~~W~~ (46,087 ) (61,259 ) (73,017 ) (36,655 ) (217,018 )

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

44. Risk Management, Continued
(3) Fair value risk
--- ---

The fair value of the Group’s actively-traded financial instruments (i.e., FVTPL, FVOCI, etc.) is based on the traded market-price as of the reporting period end. The fair value of the Group’s financial assets is the amount which the asset could be exchanged for or the amount a liability could be settled for.

The fair values of financial instruments where no active market exists or where quoted prices are not otherwise available are determined by using valuation techniques. Valuation techniques include using recent arm’s length market transactions between knowledgeable, willing parties, if available, reference to the current fair value of another instrument that is substantially the same, discounted cash flow analysis and option pricing models. If there is a valuation technique commonly used by market participants to price the instrument and that technique has been demonstrated to provide reliable estimates of prices obtained in actual market transactions, the Group uses that technique.

For trade receivables and payables, the Group considers the carrying value net of impairment as fair value. While for disclosure purposes, the fair value of financial liabilities is estimated by discounting the future contractual cash flows based on current market interest rates applied to similar financial instruments.

(i) Fair values and book values of financial assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2025 and<br>December 31, 2024 are as follows:
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Type Book value Fair value Book value Fair value
Assets recognized at fair value
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income ~~W~~ 814,875 814,875 674,850 674,850
Derivative assets (trading) 1,252,196 1,252,196 1,846,527 1,846,527
Derivative assets (applying hedge accounting) 379,851 379,851 844,637 844,637
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 3,223,360 3,223,360 2,176,172 2,176,172
~~W~~ 5,670,282 5,670,282 5,542,186 5,542,186
Assets carried at amortized cost
Financial assets at amortized cost ~~W~~ 31,202 31,202 30,233 30,233
Loans and receivables 886,361 886,361 908,148 908,148
Trade and other receivables 15,433,453 15,433,453 15,373,625 15,373,625
Long-term financial instruments 805,019 805,019 812,211 812,211
Short-term financial instruments 2,596,122 2,596,122 1,147,929 1,147,929
Cash and cash equivalents 2,275,359 2,275,359 2,382,979 2,382,979
~~W~~ 22,027,516 22,027,516 20,655,125 20,655,125
Liabilities recognized at fair value
Derivative liabilities (trading) ~~W~~ 326,836 326,836 279,932 279,932
Derivative liabilities (applying hedge accounting) 4,893 4,893
~~W~~ 326,836 326,836 284,825 284,825
Liabilities carried at amortized cost
Secured borrowings ~~W~~ 1,352,648 1,352,648 1,443,125 1,443,125
Unsecured bond 107,571,534 107,811,439 111,874,019 110,798,858
Lease liabilities 3,185,472 3,185,472 3,699,456 3,699,456
Unsecured borrowings 21,458,844 21,420,392 19,040,213 18,994,676
Trade and other payables (*) 9,784,639 9,784,639 10,321,100 10,321,100
Overdraft 95,353 95,353 176,043 176,043
~~W~~ 143,448,490 143,649,943 146,553,956 145,433,258
(*) Excludes lease liabilities.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

44. Risk Management, Continued
(3) Fair value risk, continued
--- ---
(ii) Interest rates used for determining fair value
--- ---

The interest rates used to discount estimated cash flows, when applicable, are based on the government yield curve at the reporting date plus an adequate credit spread.

The discount rates used for calculating fair value as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

Type As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
Derivatives 0.00% ~ 4.88% 0.03% ~ 4.88%
Borrowings and debt securities 0.34% ~ 5.38% 0.96% ~ 5.84%
Leases 0.00% ~ 17.56% 0.00% ~ 17.15%
(iii) Fair value hierarchy
--- ---

The following table provides an analysis of financial instruments that are measured subsequent to initial recognition at fair value, classified as Level 1, 2 or 3, based on the degree to which the fair value is observable.

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability either directly or indirectly; and
Level 3: Inputs that are not based on observable market data.

Fair values of financial instruments by hierarchy level as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won As of September 30, 2025
Type Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Financial assets at fair value
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income ~~W~~ 499,959 314,916 814,875
Derivative assets 1,493,777 138,270 1,632,047
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 3,216,951 6,409 3,223,360
~~W~~ 499,959 4,710,728 459,595 5,670,282
Financial liabilities at fair value
Derivative liabilities ~~W~~ 180,626 146,210 326,836
In millions of won As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Type Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Financial assets at fair value
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income ~~W~~ 360,096 314,754 674,850
Derivative assets 2,691,164 2,691,164
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 2,169,300 6,872 2,176,172
~~W~~ 360,096 4,860,464 321,626 5,542,186
Financial liabilities at fair value
Derivative liabilities ~~W~~ 284,825 284,825

The fair value of financial assets traded in the market (including those measured at FVTPL and FVOCI) is measured at the closing bid price quoted at the end of the reporting period. Meanwhile, the fair value of unmarketable financial assets (including those measured at FVTPL and FVOCI) is calculated using the fair value measurement performed by external pricing service agents. In addition, the Group considered the major economic indicators and economic environment of the derivatives to be evaluated, and measured the fair value of the derivatives using a discounted cash flow model that reflects the Group’s credit risk.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

44. Risk Management, Continued
(3) Fair value risk, continued
--- ---

Changes in financial assets and liabilities which are classified as level 3 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 are as follows:

In millions of won For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
Beginningbalance Acquisitions Reclassifiedcategory Valuation Disposal Foreigncurrencytranslation andothers Endingbalance
Financial assets at fair value
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss Cooperative ~~W~~ 6,872 (463 ) 6,409
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income Unlisted securities 309,709 (589 ) (9 ) 760 309,871
Debt securities 5,045 5,045
Derivatives Others 6,840 129,359 3,126 (5,457 ) 4,402 138,270
Financial liabilities at fair value
Derivatives Others 170,244 (8,354 ) (13,659 ) (2,021 ) 146,210
In millions of won For the year ended December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Beginningbalance Acquisitions Reclassifiedcategory Valuation Disposal Foreigncurrencytranslation andothers Endingbalance
Financial assets at fair value
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss Cooperative ~~W~~ 6,735 22 115 6,872
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income Unlisted securities 212,762 4,000 88,256 4,691 309,709
Debt securities 4,627 418 5,045

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

45. Service Concession Arrangements
(1) Hydroelectric Power Generation at Semangka, Indonesia
--- ---
(i) Significant terms and concession period of the arrangement
--- ---

Regarding Semangka hydroelectric power-generation business in Indonesia, the Group has entered into a contract with PT. Perusahaan Listrik Negara (the “PT PLN”) whereby the Group shall provide electricity generated for about 30 years (2018 ~ 2048) subsequent to the completion of plant construction and shall receive tariff rates designed to recover capital cost, fixed O&M cost, water usage cost, variable O&M cost and special facilities cost during the concession period.

(ii) Rights and classification of the arrangement

The Group has the rights to use and own the power plant during the concession period from 2018 to 2048. At the end of the concession period, PT PLN has an option to take over the ownership of the power plant from the Group.

(iii) Classification method

This project allows PT PLN to acquire ownership of the plant after the end of the 30 years concession period.

(iv) The Group’s expected future collections of service concession arrangements as of September 30, 2025<br>are as follows:
In millions of won
--- --- ---
Type Amounts
Less than 1 year ~~W~~ 35,137
1 ~ 2 years 35,181
2 ~ 3 years 35,348
Over 3 years 510,154
~~W~~ 615,820

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

45. Service Concession Arrangements, Continued
(2) Pakistan Gulpur Hydropower Project
--- ---
(i) Significant terms and concession period of the arrangement
--- ---

The Group has entered into a contract with CPPAg (Central Power Purchasing Agency Guarantee Limited) whereby the Group shall provide electricity generated for approximately 30 years (2020 ~ 2050) subsequent to the completion of plant construction and shall receive tariff rates designed to recover capital cost, variable O&M cost, fixed O&M cost, water usage cost, insurance cost and others during the concession period.

(ii) Rights and classification of the arrangement

The Group has the rights to use and own the power plant during the concession period from 2020 to 2050. The Government of Pakistan has an option to take over the ownership of the power plant from the Group after the concession period has elapsed.

(iii) Classification method

This project allows the Government of Pakistan to acquire ownership of the plant after the end of the concession period.

(iv) The Group’s expected future collections of service concession arrangements as of September 30, 2025<br>are as follows:
In millions of won
--- --- ---
Type Amounts
Less than 1 year ~~W~~ 77,766
1 ~ 2 years 77,766
2 ~ 3 years 77,766
Over 3 years 830,019
~~W~~ 1,063,317

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

45. Service Concession Arrangements, Continued
(3) Guam Ukudu Combined thermal power plant Project
--- ---
(i) Significant terms and concession period of the arrangement
--- ---

The Group has entered into a contract with Guam Power Authority whereby the Group shall provide electricity generated for approximately 25 years (from 2025 to 2050) subsequent to the completion of plant construction and shall receive tariff rates designed to recover variable O&M cost, fixed O&M cost and others during the concession period.

(ii) Rights and classification of the arrangement

The Group has the rights to use and own the power plant during the concession period from 2025 to 2050. The Guam Power Authority takes over the ownership of the power plant from the Group after the concession period has elapsed.

(iii) Classification method

This project allows the Guam Power Authority to acquire ownership of the plant after the end of the concession period.

(iv) The Group’s expected future collections of service concession arrangements as of September 30, 2025<br>are as follows:
In millions of won
--- --- ---
Type Amounts
Less than 1 year ~~W~~ 112,187
1 ~ 2 years 113,177
2 ~ 3 years 114,212
Over 3 years 2,730,992
~~W~~ 3,070,568

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

46. Related Parties
(1) The Group’s related parties as of September 30, 2025 are as follows:
--- ---
Type Related party
--- ---
Parent Republic of Korea government
Subsidiaries<br><br><br>(170 subsidiaries) Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd., Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd., Korea Western Power Co., Ltd., Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd., Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd., KEPCO Engineering &<br>Construction Company, Inc., KEPCO Plant Service & Engineering Co., Ltd., KEPCO Nuclear Fuel Co., Ltd., KEPCO KDN Co., Ltd., Gyeonggi Green Energy Co., Ltd., Korea Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd., KOSEP Material Co., Ltd., KEPCO International<br>HongKong Ltd., KEPCO International Philippines Inc., KEPCO Philippines Corporation, KEPCO Ilijan Corporation, KEPCO Gansu International Ltd., KEPCO Philippines Holdings Inc., KEPCO Neimenggu International Ltd., KEPCO Australia Pty., Ltd., KEPCO<br>Shanxi International Ltd., KOMIPO Global Pte Ltd., KOSEP Australia Pty., Ltd., KOMIPO Australia Pty., Ltd., KOWEPO Australia Pty., Ltd., KOSPO Australia Pty., Ltd., KEPCO Netherlands B.V., KEPCO Middle East Holding Company, Qatrana Electric Power<br>Company, KOWEPO International Corporation, KOSPO Jordan LLC, Korea Waterbury Uranium Limited Partnership, PT. Cirebon Power Service, EWP America Inc., KHNP Canada Energy Ltd., KEPCO Bylong Australia Pty., Ltd., KNF Canada Energy Limited, KEPCO<br>Holdings de Mexico, KST Electric Power Company, S.A.P.I. de C.V., KEPCO Energy Service Company, KEPCO Netherlands S3 B.V., PT. KOMIPO Pembangkitan Jawa Bali, EWP Barbados 1 SRL, PT. Tanggamus Electric Power, KOMIPO America Inc., PT. EWP Indonesia,<br>KEPCO Netherlands J3 B.V., Global One Pioneer B.V., Global Energy Pioneer B.V., Mira Power Limited, KEPCO KPS Philippines Corp., KOSPO Chile SpA, Gyeongju Wind Power Co., Ltd., California Power Holdings, LLC, EWP Renewable Corporation, Hee Mang<br>Sunlight Power Co., Ltd., Fujeij Wind Power Company, KOSPO Youngnam Power Co., Ltd., Chitose Solar Power Plant LLC., KEPCO Solar Co., Ltd., KEPCO ES Co., Ltd., KOSPO Power Services Ltda., KOEN Bylong Pty., Ltd., KOWEPO Bylong Pty., Ltd., KOSPO<br>Bylong Pty., Ltd., EWP Bylong Pty., Ltd., KOWEPO Lao International, KOMIPO Bylong Pty., Ltd., Energy New Industry Specialized Investment Private Investment Trust., KEPCO Mangilao Holdings LLC, Mangilao Investment LLC, KEPCO Mangilao Solar, LLC, Jeju<br>Hanlim Offshore Wind Co., Ltd., PT. Siborpa Eco Power, e-New Industry LB Fund 1, Songhyun e-New Industry Fund, BSK E-New Industry Fund VII, PT. Korea Energy Indonesia, KOLAT SpA, KEPCO California, LLC, KEPCO Mojave Holdings, LLC, Incheon Fuel Cell<br>Co., Ltd., KOEN Service Co., Ltd., KOMIPO Service Co., Ltd., KOWEPO Service Co., Ltd., KOSPO Service Co., Ltd., EWP Service Co., Ltd., PT. KOMIPO Energy Indonesia, KNF Partners Co., Ltd., KOSPO USA Inc., KOSPO Niles LLC (formerly, Nambu USA LLC),<br>Tamra Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd., KEPCO MCS Co., Ltd., KEPCO FMS Co., Ltd., Firstkeepers Co., Ltd., Secutec Co., Ltd., SE Green Energy Co., Ltd., Mangilao Intermediate Holdings LLC, KEPCO CSC Co., Ltd., KOAK Power Limited, KOMIPO Europe B.V.,<br>Haenanum Energy Fund, Paju Ecoenergy Co., Ltd., Guam Ukudu Power LLC, K-SOLAR SHINAN Co., Ltd., KPS Partners Co., Ltd., KEPCO E&C Service Co., Ltd., Moha solar Co., Ltd., KHNP USA LLC, KOMIPO Vanphong Power Service LLC, Ogiri Solar Power Co.,<br>Ltd., BSK E-New Industry Fund X, Energy Innovation Fund I, KHNP Chile SpA, Yeong Yang Apollon Photovoltaic Co., Ltd., Yeong Yang Corporation Co., Ltd., SolarVader Co., Ltd., Yeong Yang Innovation Co., Ltd., Yeong Yang Horus Photovoltaic Co., Ltd.,<br>Yeong Yang Solar Management Co., Ltd., LSG Hydro Power Limited, KOEN Bio Co., Ltd., KOMIPO Energy Solution America, LLC, Elara Investment Holdings, LLC, Elara Equity Holdings, LLC, Elara Class B Holdings, LLC, Elara Class B Member, LLC, Elara<br>Development Holdings, LLC, KOMIPO Development, LLC, Elara Energy Holdings, LLC, Elara Energy Project, LLC, KOMIPO Iberian Solar Group, S.L.U., KOWEPO Europe B.V., CVS Equity Holdings, LLC, CVS Class B Holdings, LLC, CVS Development Holdings, LLC,<br>CVS Development, LLC, CVS Class B Member, LLC, CVS Energy Holdings, LLC, Concho Valley Energy, LLC, Concho Valley Solar, LLC, Jeongam Wind Power Co., Ltd., Yeongdeok Sunrise Wind Power Co., Ltd., UI Carbon-Neutrality Fund, KA Power Limited, Western<br>Power Changgi Solar Co., Ltd., Digital Innovation Growth Fund, EWP Australia Pty., Ltd., Columboola Solar Farm Hold Co Pty., Ltd., J Wind First, LLC, KEPCO Holding Company, KEPCO for Maintenance Company, KOSPO Trumbull LLC, Changjuk Wind Power Co.,<br>Ltd., KEPCO KPS South Africa Pty., Ltd., Chile Solar JV SpA, KOWEPO Holding Limited, Columboola Solar Farm Nominees Pty., Ltd., Columboola Solar Farm Op Trust, Columboola Solar Farm Fin Co Pty., Ltd., Magna Energy New Industrial Fund, EWP ESS<br>Holdings, LLC, Fairhaven ESS LLC, KOSPO Rutile, LLC, Sprott Chile Solar I SpA, KEPCO Yona America LLC, EWP Yona America LLC, KEPCO SADAWI – FZCO, KOMIPO Middle East Energy L.L.C-FZ

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

46. Related Parties, Continued
(1) The Group’s related parties as of September 30, 2025 are as follows, continued:
--- ---
Type Related party
--- ---
Associates<br><br><br>(104 entities)<br><br><br>(*1) Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd., Korea Gas Corporation, Daegu Photovoltaic Co., Ltd., Haeng Bok Do Si Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd., Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd., Goseong Green Power Co., Ltd., Gangneung<br>Eco Power Co., Ltd., Shin Pyeongtaek Power Co., Ltd., Noeul Green Energy Co., Ltd., Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd., Gwangyang Green Energy Co., Ltd., Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd., Korea Power Exchange, Taebaek Guinemi Wind Power Co., Ltd., Daeryun<br>Power Co., Ltd., KNH Solar Co., Ltd., S-Power Co., Ltd., SPC Power Corporation, Gemeng International Energy Co., Ltd., PT. Cirebon Electric Power, KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd., KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd., PT Wampu Electric Power, PT. Bayan<br>Resources TBK, Nepal Water & Energy Development Company Private Limited, Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd., PT. Mutiara Jawa, Jinbhuvish Power Generation Pvt. Ltd., Daejung Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd., GS Donghae Electric Power Co., Ltd.,<br>Busan Green Energy Co., Ltd., Hansuwon KNP Co., Ltd., Korea Electric Power Corporation Fund, Energy Infra Asset Management Co., Ltd., Yaksu ESS Co., Ltd., PND Solar Co., Ltd., Hyundai Eco Energy Co., Ltd., YeongGwang Yaksu Wind Electric Co., Ltd.,<br>Green Energy Electricity Generation Co., Ltd., Korea Energy Solutions Co., Ltd., ITR Co., Ltd., STN Co., Ltd., Indeck Niles Development, LLC, Indeck Niles Asset Management, LLC, Hanwha Corporation-linked Sunlight Power Special Private Equity<br>Investment Trust No. 1, Suwon New Power Co., Ltd., Gwangbaek Solar Power Investment Co., Ltd., Godeok Clean Energy Co., Ltd., SureDataLab Co., Ltd., SEP Co., Ltd., Hankook Electric Power Information Co., Ltd., Tronix Co., Ltd., O2&B Global Co.,<br>Ltd., Muan Sunshine Solar Power Plant Co., Ltd., Bigeum Resident Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd., Goesan Solar park Co., Ltd., Saemangeum Heemang Photovoltaic Co., Ltd., Bitgoel Eco Energy Co., Ltd., Jeju Gimnyeong Wind Power Co., Ltd., Seoroseoro<br>Sunny Power Plant Co., Ltd., Muan Solar Park Co., Ltd., YuDang Solar Co., Ltd., Anjwa Smart Farm & Solar City Co., Ltd., KPE Green Energy Co., Ltd., G.GURU Co., Ltd., UD4M Co., Ltd., Dongbu Highway Solar Co., Ltd., Seobu Highway Solar Co., Ltd.,<br>Korea Energy Data Co., Ltd., Gangneung Sacheon Fuel Cell Co., Ltd., Taebaek Gadeoksan Wind Power Co., Ltd., Chuncheon Green Energy Co., Ltd., Yeomsubong Wind Power Co., Ltd., Yeongyang Wind Power Corporation II, Haeparang Energy Co., Ltd.,<br>Saemangeum Sebit Power Plant Co., Ltd., PlatformN. Co., Ltd., PT. Cirebon Energi Prasarana, Future Convergence Technology Laboratory. Co., Ltd., ECO Motion Co., Ltd., REC’s Innovation Co., Ltd., ACE, Co., Ltd., Environment and Energy Co.,<br>Ltd., Green Radiation Co., Ltd., Santiago Solar Power SpA, Yanggu Floating Photovoltaic Power Plant Inc., Changwon SG energy Co., Ltd., Donpyung Technology. Co., Ltd., Power Embedded, HORANG ENERGY Inc., Hoenggye Renewable Energy Co., Ltd., Haman<br>Green Energy Co., Ltd., Songsan Green Energy Co., Ltd., SkyPic Inc., HyChangwon Fuel Cell. Co., Ltd., Dreams Co.,Ltd., DEEPAI Co.,Ltd., Amaala Sustainable Company for Energy, Remal First Holding Company, Naseem First Holding Company,Cheonwang Green<br>Energy Co., Ltd., Namjeju Bitdream Energy Co., Ltd., Jeju Bukchon BES Power Co., Ltd., Commerce and Industry Energy Co., Ltd.,
Joint ventures<br><br><br>(123 entities)<br><br><br>(*1) Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd., KEPCO SPC Power Corporation, KAPES, Inc., Honam Wind Power Co., Ltd., Korea Power Engineering Service Co., Ltd., Seokmun Energy Co., Ltd., Incheon New Power Co., Ltd., Chun-cheon Energy Co., Ltd.,<br>Yeonggwangbaeksu Wind Power Co., Ltd., KW Nuclear Components Co., Ltd., Busan Shinho Solar Power Co., Ltd., Global Trade Of Power System Co., Ltd., Expressway Solar-light Power Generation Co., Ltd., Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Co., Ltd., Datang<br>Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd., Rabigh Electricity Company, Rabigh Operation & Maintenance Company Limited, Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd., Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V., Shuweihat Asia Operation & Maintenance<br>Company, Waterbury Lake Uranium L.P., ASM-BG Investicii AD, RES Technology AD, Jamaica Public Service Company Limited, KV Holdings, Inc., Amman Asia Electric Power Company, Kelar S.A., PT. Tanjung Power Indonesia, Nghi Son 2 Power LLC, Daehan Wind<br>Power PSC, MOMENTUM, Barakah One Company, Nawah Energy Company, Yeonggwang Wind Power Co., Ltd., Chester Solar IV SpA, Chester Solar V SpA, Diego de Almagro Solar SpA, South Jamaica Power Company Limited, Daesan Green Energy Co., Ltd., RE Holiday<br>Holdings LLC, RE Pioneer Holdings LLC, RE Barren Ridge 1 Holdings LLC, RE Astoria 2 LandCo LLC, RE Barren Ridge LandCo LLC, Laurel SpA, KIAMCO KOWEPO Bannerton Hold Co Pty Ltd, Cheong-Song Noraesan Wind Power Co., Ltd., Chester Solar I SpA, Solar<br>Philippines Calatagan Corporation, Saemangeum Solar Power Co., Ltd., Chungsongmeon BongSan wind power Co., Ltd., Jaeun Resident Wind Power Plant Co., Ltd., Dangjin Eco Power Co., Ltd., Haemodum Solar Co., Ltd., Yangyang Wind Power Co., Ltd., Horus<br>Solar, S.A. de C.V., Recursos Solares PV de Mexico II, S.A. de C.V., Sunmex Renovables, S.A. de C.V., Stavro Holding II A.B., Solaseado Solar Power Co., Ltd., Yeongam Solar Power Co., Ltd., Samsu Wind Power Co., Ltd., Pulau Indah Power Plant Sdn.<br>Bhd., NH-Amundi Global Infrastructure Investment Private Investment Trust 21, Shin-han BNPP Private Investment Trust for East-West Sunlight Dream, PT Barito Wahana Tenaga, Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd., Boim Combined Heat and Power Generation Co., Ltd.,<br>OneEnergy Asia Limited, KAS INVESTMENT I LLC, KAS INVESTMENT II LLC, Energyco Co., Ltd., CAES, LLC, Hapcheon Floating Photovoltaic Power Plant Inc., Busan Industrial Solar Power Co., Ltd., Bitsolar Energy Co., Ltd., Naepo Green Energy Co., Ltd.,<br>Pulau Indah O&M Sdn. Bhd., Guadalupe Solar SpA, Omisan Wind Power Co., Ltd., Foresight Iberian Solar Group Holding, S.L., Yeongwol Eco Wind Co., Ltd., Gurae Resident Power Co., Ltd., Cheongju Eco Park Co., Ltd., Prime Swedish Holding AB, Enel X<br>Midland Photovoltaic, LLC, Geumsungsan Wind Power Co., Ltd., KEPCO KPS CARABAO Corp., Goheung New Energy Co., Ltd., Gunsan Land Solar Co., Ltd., CapMan Lynx SCA, SICAR, International Offshore Power Transmission Holding Company Limited, Eumseong Eco<br>Park Co., Ltd., Changwon Nu-ri Energy Co., Ltd., PungBack Wind Farm Corporation, Seobusambo highway photovoltaics Co., Ltd., Seokmun Green Energy, Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd., Trumbull Asset Management, LLC, S-Power Chile SpA, Taebaek Wind<br>Power Co., Ltd., Yangyang Suri Wind Power Co., Ltd., KEPCO for Power Company, Kumyang Eco Park Co., Ltd., Jeongeup Green Power Co., Ltd., Hadong E-factory Co., Ltd., Namyangju Combined Heat and Power Co., Ltd., Wadi Noor Solar Power Company SAOC,<br>Fairhaven Energy Storage LLC, Rutile BESS Holdings, LLC, Trumbull Development Partners, LLC, Samcheok Eco Materials Co., Ltd., Imha Floating Photovoltaic Power Plant Inc., Roof One Energy Co., Ltd., EDFR KOWEPO AJBAN PV HOLDING LIMITED, Taean<br>Haetdeulwon Solar Co., Ltd., Haetbyeotgil Solar Co., Ltd., KES Yona Holdings L.L.C, Siraj AlTaqa AlNazifa, Seongseo Neulpureun Energy Co., Ltd., Luluah SKY Energy Holding Ltd., Nour Ibri Solar Power Company, Lucy Equity Holdings, LLC
Others<br><br><br>(1 entity) Korea Development Bank
(*1) Subsidiaries of associates and joint ventures are included.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

46. Related Parties, Continued
(2) Transactions between the Group and its subsidiaries are eliminated during the consolidation and are notdisclosed in notes.
--- ---
(3) The related party transactions for each of the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 areas follows:
--- ---

<Sales and Others>

In millions of won Sales and others
Company name Transaction type September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
<Associates>
Korea Gas Corporation Electricity sales ~~W~~ 292,442 109,801
Goseong Green Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 401,451 471,955
Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 15,142 8,271
Shin Pyeongtaek Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 16,935 44,906
S-Power Co., Ltd. Service 1,730 1,471
GS Donghae Electric Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 18,658 6,289
Korea Power Exchange Service 23,707 54,115
Gangneung Eco Power Co., Ltd. Fuel sales 435,131 340,700
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. Service 7,653 9,195
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 51 2,688
PT. Bayan Resources TBK Dividend income 109,528 82,764
Chuncheon Green Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 15,561 6,590
Gangneung Sacheon Fuel Cell Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 9,242 4,394
Taebaek Gadeoksan Wind Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 3,550 2,330
KPE Green Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 102 105
Busan Green Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 3,756 7,493
Noeul Green Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 5,401 5,039
Godeok Clean Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 1,571 9,286
Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 1,516 1,668
Gemeng International Energy Co., Ltd. Dividend income 20,644
Bitgoel Eco Energy Co., Ltd. Service 1,877 3,008
Hyundai Eco Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 844 742
Saemangeum Sebit Power Plant Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 1,155 1,220
Others (Anjwa Smart Farm & Solar City Co., Ltd. and 57 others) Electricity sales 41,163 34,738
<Joint ventures>
Chun-cheon Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 727 745
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 1,584 1,356
KAPES, Inc. Others 2,090 1,437
Daesan Green Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 437 228
Seokmun Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 1,457 1,506
Cheongju Eco Park Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 102 196
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. Others 30,129 26,308
KEPCO SPC Power Corporation Dividend income 29,135 30,039
Yeongam Solar Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 370 406
Solaseado Solar Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 1,397 1,413
Seokmun Green Energy Electricity sales 30 48
Yeonggwang Wind Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 760 727
Eumseong Eco Park Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 15 15
Amman Asia Electric Power Company Others 16,884 19,677
Naepo Green Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 16,022 2,775
KW Nuclear Components Co., Ltd. Service 1,260 1,370
Kelar S.A. Service 14,632 16,426
Yeonggwangbaeksu Wind Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 1,523 1,519
Bitsolar Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 326 375
Jamaica Public Service Company Limited Dividend income 9,700 2,343
Others (Goheung New Energy Co., Ltd. and 67 others) Electricity sales 170,753 247,869
<Others>
Korea Development Bank Electricity sales 4,256 4,334
Interest income 4,525 9,909
~~W~~ 1,736,924 1,579,789

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

46. Related Parties, Continued
(3) The related party transactions for each of the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 areas follows, continued:
--- ---

<Purchase and Others>

In millions of won Purchase and others
Company name Transaction type September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
<Associates>
Korea Gas Corporation Electricity sales ~~W~~ 3,933,473 5,284,239
Goseong Green Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 999,232 910,295
Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 861,383 1,110,898
Shin Pyeongtaek Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 565,125 635,098
S-Power Co., Ltd. Service 477,209 578,110
GS Donghae Electric Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 428,066 418,885
Korea Power Exchange Service 76,205 70,782
Gangneung Eco Power Co., Ltd. Fuel sales 128 1,013
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. Service 245,604 230,003
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 205,650 217,285
PT. Bayan Resources TBK Dividend income 68,314 86,964
Chuncheon Green Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 48,789 40,715
Gangneung Sacheon Fuel Cell Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 32,691 26,123
Taebaek Gadeoksan Wind Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 26,762 26,372
KPE Green Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 27,121 31,603
Busan Green Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 21,200 20,975
Noeul Green Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 19,047 15,229
Godeok Clean Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 21,712 27,325
Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 20,029 17,070
Bitgoel Eco Energy Co., Ltd. Service 17,944 24,847
Hyundai Eco Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 18,427 18,560
Saemangeum Sebit Power Plant Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 15,923 16,383
Others (Anjwa Smart Farm & Solar City Co., Ltd and 57 others) Electricity sales 164,127 97,074
<Joint ventures>
Chun-cheon Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 281,138 333,792
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 207,932 257,141
KAPES, Inc. Others 130,198 15,880
Daesan Green Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 110,284 129,029
Seokmun Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 33,505 40,800
Cheongju Eco Park Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 31,364 33,059
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. Others 60 62
Yeongam Solar Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 26,494 35,303
Solaseado Solar Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 24,994 16,355
Seokmun Green Energy Electricity sales 21,373 17,871
Yeonggwang Wind Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 19,433 25,251
Eumseong Eco Park Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 17,299 20,109
KW Nuclear Components Co., Ltd. Service 14,007 6,880
Yeonggwangbaeksu Wind Power Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 10,785 9,604
Bitsolar Energy Co., Ltd. Electricity sales 9,881 9,448
Jamaica Public Service Company Limited Dividend income 119 178
Others (Goheung New Energy Co., Ltd. and 67 others) Electricity sales 110,772 78,009
<Others>
Korea Development Bank Interest expense 50,159 6,624
~~W~~ 9,393,958 10,941,243

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

46. Related Parties, Continued
(4) Receivables and payables arising from the related party transactions as of September 30, 2025 andDecember 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won Receivables Payables
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Company name Type September 30,2025 December 31,2024 September 30,2025 December 31,2024
<Associates>
Korea Gas Corporation Trade receivables ~~W~~ 10,418 15,766
Non-trade receivables and others 136,346 404
Trade payables 318,388 482,008
Non-trade payables and others 1,343 1,486
Goseong Green Power Co., Ltd. Trade receivables 38,444 30,732
Non-trade receivables and others 360 1,438
Trade payables 135,026 162,719
Non-trade payables and others 42,989 45,174
GS Donghae Electric Power Co., Ltd. Trade receivables 303 22
Non-trade receivables and others 157 109
Trade payables 142,562 90,468
Non-trade payables and others 30
Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. Trade receivables 1,104 6,350
Non-trade receivables and others 286 637
Trade payables 70,377 114,962
Non-trade payables and others 29
Shin Pyeongtaek Power Co., Ltd. Trade receivables 1,620 1,720
Non-trade receivables and others 1,109 5,812
Trade payables 57,855 77,222
Non-trade payables and others 769 2,450
Busan Green Energy Co., Ltd. Trade receivables 18 1
Non-trade receivables and others 48,423 43,790
Trade payables
Non-trade payables and others 4,115 4,799
Noeul Green Energy Co., Ltd. Trade receivables 1 5
Non-trade receivables and others 32,686 27,043
Trade payables
Non-trade payables and others 3,385 3,699
S-Power Co., Ltd. Trade receivables 233 264
Non-trade receivables and others 60 54
Trade payables 34,802 73,377
Non-trade payables and others 19
Chuncheon Green Energy Co., Ltd. Trade receivables
Non-trade receivables and others 25,820 10,870
Trade payables
Non-trade payables and others 8,722 8,881
Others (Gangneung Sacheon Fuel Cell Co., Ltd. and 50 others) Trade receivables 38,355 21,449
Non-trade receivables and others 54,089 76,369
Trade payables 43,708 77,583
Non-trade payables and others 29,768 20,254

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

46. Related Parties, Continued
(4) Receivables and payables arising from the related party transactions as of September 30, 2025 andDecember 31, 2024 are as follows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won Receivables Payables
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Company name Type September 30,2025 December 31,2024 September 30,2025 December 31,2024
<Joint ventures>
KAPES Inc. Trade receivables ~~W~~ 3 4
Non-trade receivables and others 62,771 90,088
Trade payables
Non-trade payables and others 1,556 3,041
Kelar S.A. Trade receivables 2,074 3,244
Non-trade receivables and others 38,469 36,010
Trade payables
Non-trade payables and others
Boim Combined Heat and Power Generation Co., Ltd. Trade receivables 46 47
Non-trade receivables and others 4,586 3,208
Trade payables 243 445
Non-trade payables and others 27,443 13,824
Cheongju Eco Park Co., Ltd. Trade receivables
Non-trade receivables and others 21,343 13,461
Trade payables 6,813 9,105
Non-trade payables and others 1,879 2,853
Amman Asia Electric Power Company Trade receivables 2,874 4,653
Non-trade receivables and others
Trade payables
Non-trade payables and others 24,109 23,559
Others (Chun-cheon Energy Co., Ltd. and 64 others) Trade receivables 322,609 271,039
Non-trade receivables and others 11,881 35,392
Trade payables 57,926 88,950
Non-trade payables and others 19,611 11,812
<Others>
Korea Development Bank Accrued Interest Receivable 1,440
Non-trade receivables and others 30,007 34,138
Non-trade payables and others 22 231
Derivatives and others 130,096 273,627 13,764 2,421
~~W~~ 1,018,031 1,007,746 1,047,205 1,321,371

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

46. Related Parties, Continued
(5) Loans and others arising from the related party transactions as of September 30, 2025 andDecember 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Type Company name Beginningbalance Loans Collection Others Ending<br>balance
Associates KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd.,<br><br><br>KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd. ~~W~~ 33,066 710 33,776
(Allowance for doubtful accounts) (33,066 ) (710 ) (33,776 )
Associates Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. 26,606 (1,228 ) 25,378
Associates PT. Cirebon Energi Prasarana 38,865 (165 ) 38,700
Associates Daejung Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. 1,000 1,000
Associates Bitgoel Eco Energy Co., Ltd. 26,625 (3,124 ) 23,501
Associates Saemangeum Sebit Power Plant Co., Ltd. 27,550 (5,374 ) 22,176
Associates Remal First Holding Company 1 1
Associates Nassem First Holding Company 1 1
Associates Jeju Bukchon BES Power Co., Ltd. 7,380 7,380
Joint ventures Solaseado Solar Power Co., Ltd. 34,929 (749 ) 34,180
Joint ventures Recursos Solares PV de Mexico II, S.A. de C.V. 14,313 1,512 (630 ) 15,195
Joint ventures Horus Solar, S.A. de C.V. 13,677 (631 ) 13,046
Joint ventures Sunmex Renovables, S.A. de C.V. 21,793 2,529 (1,007 ) 23,315
Joint ventures Kelar S.A. 19,291 (9 ) (1,874 ) 17,408
Joint ventures DE Energia SpA 8,420 (8,420 )
Joint ventures Daehan Wind Power PSC 16,956 (595 ) (765 ) 15,596
Joint ventures Bitsolar Energy Co., Ltd. 3,165 3,165
Joint ventures Daesan Green Energy Co., Ltd. 2,491 811 3,302
Joint ventures Yangyang Wind Power Co., Ltd. 3,257 3,257
Joint ventures Nghi Son 2 Power LLC 168,601 (19,429 ) (7,549 ) 141,623
Joint ventures Guadalupe Solar SpA 3,352 (104 ) (154 ) 3,094
Joint ventures Foresight Iberian Solar Group Holding,<br><br><br>S.L. 71,137 3,769 (3,892 ) 8,768 79,782
Joint ventures Capman Lynx SCA, SICAR 35,210 35,210
(Allowance for doubtful accounts) (35,210 ) (35,210 )
Joint ventures S-Power Chile SpA 294 (14 ) 280
Joint ventures Omisan Wind Power Co., Ltd. 8,894 8,894
Joint ventures Gurae Resident Power Co., Ltd. 106 106
Joint ventures Yeongwol Eco Wind Co., Ltd. 2,178 2,178
Joint ventures KAS Investment I LLC 7,517 (351 ) 7,166
Joint ventures KAS Investment II LLC 7,567 (345 ) 7,222
~~W~~ 526,300 18,287 (41,696 ) (5,945 ) 496,946
(6) Borrowings arising from the related party transactions as of September 30, 2025 and December 31,2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Related parties Type Beginningbalance Borrowings Repayment Others Ending<br>balance
Korea Development Bank Facility ~~W~~ 84,653 (7,987 ) (719 ) 75,947
Others 1,424 (245 ) 1,179
Operating funds 100,000 317,711 (397,711 ) 20,000
EBL and others 149,862 2,005 (11,329 ) (2,634 ) 137,904
~~W~~ 335,939 319,716 (417,272 ) (3,353 ) 235,030

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

46. Related Parties, Continued
(7) Guarantees provided to the related parties as of September 30, 2025 are as follows:
--- ---

In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies

Primary guarantor Principal obligor Type of guarantees Credit limit Creditor
Korea Electric Power Corporation Shuweihat Asia Operation & Maintenance Company Performance guarantees USD 11,000 Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V.
Korea Electric Power Corporation Rabigh Operation & Maintenance Company Limited Performance guarantees USD 1,387 Rabigh Electricity Company
Korea Electric Power Corporation Rabigh Electricity Company Performance guarantees SAR 4,151 Hana Bank
Korea Electric Power Corporation Nghi Son 2 Power LLC Certification of payment on L/C USD 42,750 SMBC Singapore and others
Korea Electric Power Corporation Barakah One Company Performance guarantees and others USD 3,880,733 First Abu Dhabi Bank and others
Korea Electric Power Corporation RE Holiday Holdings LLC Performance guarantees (*9) USD 203,981 EFS Renewables Holdings, LLC, CA-CIB and others
Korea Electric Power Corporation RE Pioneer Holdings LLC Performance guarantees USD 106,873 EFS Renewables Holdings, LLC
Korea Electric Power Corporation Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. Certification of payment on L/C USD 9,800 Hana Bank
Korea Electric Power Corporation Amman Asia Electric Power Company Certification of payment on L/C USD 13,200 Hana Bank
Korea Electric Power Corporation Horus Solar, S.A. de C.V. Other performance guarantees MXN 14,843 CENACE and others
Korea Electric Power Corporation Recursos Solares PV de Mexico II, S.A. de C.V. Other performance guarantees MXN 1,518 SEMARNAT
USD 393 CFE Transmission
Korea Electric Power Corporation Sunmex Renovables, S.A. de C.V. Other performance guarantees USD 9,078 CENACE
MXN 4,929 CFE Transmission<br> <br>and others
Korea Electric Power Corporation International Offshore Power Transmission Holding Company Limited Performance guarantees USD 52,500 Mizuho Bank
Other performance guarantees USD 7,000 Credit Agricole
Korea Electric Power Corporation Pulau Indah Power Plant Sdn. Bhd. Collateralized money invested (*10) MYR 25,350 Malaysian Trustee Berhad
Korea Electric Power Corporation KEPCO for Power Company Debt guarantees USD 60,000 Riyad bank
Other performance guarantees USD 70,000 SMBC Seoul
Korea Electric Power Corporation Remal First Holding Company Debt Guarantee (*15) USD 146,400 DBS BANK LTD. (DIFC BRANCH)
Korea Electric Power Corporation Naseem First Holding Company Debt Guarantee (*15) USD 146,400 DBS BANK LTD. (DIFC BRANCH)
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 28,202 Kookmin Bank and others
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested (*5) KRW 53,233 Kookmin Bank and others
Debt Guarantee KRW 20,300 HY western 1st co., Ltd
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. PT.Mutiara Jawa Collateralized money invested - Woori Bank
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Rabigh Operation & Maintenance Company Limited Performance guarantees and others SAR 11,200 National Bank of Kuwait
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 87,426 Krung Thai Bank
Impounding bonus guarantees (*11) USD 5,000 SK Eco Plant Co., Ltd.
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Haeng Bok Do Si Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 194 Nonghyup Bank
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Shin Pyeongtaek Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 72,000 Kookmin Bank and others
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Haemodum Solar Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 2,940 Nonghyup Bank
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Seoroseoro Sunny Power Plant Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 706 Hana Bank and others
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Muan Solar Park Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 4,400 IBK and others
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. YuDang Solar Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 360 Hana Bank and others
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Anjwa Smart Farm & Solar City Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 5,651 Hana Bank and others
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Hapcheon Floating Photovoltaic Power Plant Inc. Collateralized money invested KRW 7,512 Nonghyup Bank and others

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

46. Related Parties, Continued
(7) Guarantees provided to the related parties as of September 30, 2025 are as follows, continued:
--- ---

In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies

Primary guarantor Principal obligor Type of guarantees Credit limit Creditor
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Yeongwol Eco Wind Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 3,089 Hana Bank and others
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Gurae Resident Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW  386 Hana Bank and others
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Gunsan Land Solar Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 19,091 Hana Bank and others
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Seobusambo highway photovoltaics Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 3,020 Hana Bank and others
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Eumseong Eco Park Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 5,741 Kyobo Life Insurance Co., Ltd.<br> <br>and<br>others
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. PungBack Wind Farm Corporation Collateralized money invested KRW 7,885 Hanwha Life Insurance Co., Ltd. and others
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Wadi Noor Solar Power Company SAOC Loan payment guarantee USD 54,855 DBS Bank
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. EDFR KOWEPO AJBAN HOLDING LIMITED Loan payment guarantee USD 57,090 First Abu Dhabi Bank
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Taean Haetdeulwon Solar Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 7,992 Kookmin Bank and others
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. Seokmun Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 14,979 Kookmin Bank and others
Guarantees for supplemental funding (*1) -
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. Chun-cheon Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 36,682 Kookmin Bank and others
Guarantees for supplemental funding (*1) -
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. Honam Wind Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 4,701 Shinhan Bank and others
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. GS Donghae Electric Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 282,668 Korea Development Bank and others
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. Yeonggwangbaeksu Wind Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 3,689 Kookmin Bank and others
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. Yeonggwang Wind Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 29,617 KDB Capital Corporation and others
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. Daesan Green Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 24,182 IBK
Guarantees for supplemental funding (*1) -
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. Taebaek Gadeoksan Wind Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 23,241 Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance Co., Ltd. and others
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. PT. Tanjung Power Indonesia Other guarantees(*16) USD 3,150 PT. Adaro Indonesia
Guarantees for supplemental funding (*1) - Sumitomo mitsui banking and others
Collateralized money invested KRW 93,816 MUFG and others
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. South Jamaica Power Company Limited Performance guarantees (*14) USD 14,400 Hana Bank
Collateralized money invested KRW 47,595 JCSD Trustee Services Limited and others
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. Cheongju Eco Park Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 10,815 Kyobo Life Insurance Co., Ltd. and others
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. Busan Industrial Solar Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 1,351 Shinhan Bank and others
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. Yangyang Wind Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 13,970 Hana Bank and others
Guarantees for supplemental funding (*1) -
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. KPE Green Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 8,680 Hana Bank and others
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. Goheung New Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 5,654 Woori Bank and others
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. Seokmun Green Energy Collateralized money invested KRW 14,556 Hana Bank and others
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. Yanggu Floating Photovoltaic Power Plant Inc. Collateralized money invested KRW 889 Korea Development Bank
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. Hoenggye Renewable Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 2,375 IBK
Guarantees for supplemental funding (*1)

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

46. Related Parties, Continued
(7) Guarantees provided to the related parties as of September 30, 2025 are as follows, continued:
--- ---

In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies

Primary guarantor Principal obligor Type of guarantees Credit limit Creditor
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. Kumyang Eco Park Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 6,662 Woori Bank and others
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. Amaala Sustaninable Company for<br> <br>Energy<br>LLC Loan payment guarantee (*7) USD 38,054 First Abu Dhabi Bank
Collateralized money invested KRW 18
Guarantees for supplemental funding (*1)
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. Jeju Bukchon BES Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 3,009 Woori Bank and others
Guarantees for supplemental funding (*1)
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 33,161 Korea Development Bank and others
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 33,398 Shinhan Bank and others
Performance guarantees
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Kelar S.A. Performance guarantees USD 26,520 Hana Bank, MUFG
Payment guarantees (*12) USD 11,707 Hana Bank
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Daehan Wind Power PSC Performance guarantees (*17) USD 1,800 Shinhan Bank
Payment guarantees (*6) USD 2,000 Hana Bank
Collateralized money invested KRW 23,214 Standard Chartered
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 12,739 Woori Bank, Shinhan Bank and others
Performance guarantees
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Taebaek Guinemi Wind Power Co.,<br> <br>Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 15,019 IBK
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Samcheok Eco Materials Co., Ltd. Payment guarantees (*2) KIS SF the 22nd Co., Ltd.
Performance guarantees HC elementary materials
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Solaseado Solar Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 19,054 Kookmin Bank and others
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Naepo Green Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 59,900 IBK and others
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Omisan Wind Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 11,756 Shinhan Bank and others
Performance guarantees and guarantees for supplemental funding (*1)
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Geumsungsan Wind Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 7,104 Kookmin Bank and others
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. HORANG ENERGY Inc. Collateralized money invested KRW 4,044 Woori Bank and others
Guarantees for supplemental funding (*1)
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Haman Green Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 4,356 Hana Bank and others
Guarantees for supplemental funding (*1)
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Jeongeup Green Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 6,648 Mirae Asset Securities Co., Ltd.
Guarantees for supplemental funding (*1)
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. HyChangwon Fuel Cell. Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 8,948 Woori Bank and others
Guarantees for supplemental funding (*1)
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Roof One Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 1,888 Woori Bank
Guarantees for supplemental funding (*1)
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Namjeju Bitdream Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 4,693 Woori Bank and others
Guarantees for supplemental funding (*1)
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Cheonwang Green Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 606 Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance Co., Ltd. and others
Guarantees for supplemental funding (*1)
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Haetbyeotgil Sunlight Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 421 Kyobo Life Insurance Co.,Ltd.
Guarantees for supplemental funding (*1) Heungkuk Asset Management
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Rutile BESS. LLC Payment guarantees USD 13,000 Nonghyup Bank, JP Morgan Chase Bank
KOSPO Power Services Ltda. Kelar S.A. Performance guarantees USD 1,348 Scotia bank
KOSPO Chile SpA Kelar S.A. Collateralized money invested KRW 149,204 Export-Import Bank of Korea and others
KOSPO Chile SpA Chester Solar I SpA Collateralized money invested KRW 2,352 IBK
KOSPO Chile SpA Chester Solar IV SpA Collateralized money invested KRW 3,771 IBK
KOSPO Chile SpA Chester Solar V SpA Collateralized money invested KRW 423 IBK
KOSPO Chile SpA Diego de Almagro Solar SpA Collateralized money invested KRW 2,551 IBK
KOSPO Chile SpA Laurel SpA Collateralized money invested KRW 2,171 IBK
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. YeongGwang Yaksu Wind Electric Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested IBK and others
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 85,773 Korea Development Bank and others
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. PT. Cirebon Electric Power Debt guarantees USD 4,125 Mizuho Bank
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. PT Wampu Electric Power Debt guarantees USD 4,253 PT. Bank KB Bukopin
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. PT. Cirebon Energi Prasarana Debt guarantees USD 9,230 Mizuho Bank
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. Green Energy Electricity Generation Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 507,665 IBK
Guarantees for supplemental funding (*1)
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. Yaksu ESS Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 26 IBK
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. Gwangbaek Solar Power Investment Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 5,203 Kyobo Life Insurance Co., Ltd. and others
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. Muan Sunshine Solar Power Plant Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 2,822 IBK
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. Goesan Solar park Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 2,905 IBK

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

46. Related Parties, Continued
(7) Guarantees provided to the related parties as of September 30, 2025 are as follows, continued:
--- ---

In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies

Primary guarantor Principal obligor Type of guarantees Credit limit Creditor
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. Bitgoel Eco Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 7,678 IBK and others
Guarantees for supplemental<br>funding (*1)
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. Energyco Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 2,572 Nonghyup Bank
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. Jeju Gimnyeong Wind Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested Nonghyup Bank
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. Dongbu Highway Solar Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 311 Shinhan Bank
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. Seobu Highway Solar Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 683 Shinhan Bank
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. Yeongyang Wind Power Corporation II Collateralized money invested KRW 12,573 Korea Development Bank<br> <br>and others
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. Haeparang Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 2,710 Templeton Hana Asset
Guarantees for supplemental<br>funding (*1) Management Co., Ltd.
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. Saemangeum Sebit Power Plant Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 28,287 IBK and others
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. Yeomsubong Wind Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 310 Korea Development Bank
Guarantees for supplemental<br>funding (*1)
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. Commerce and Industry Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 498 IBK and others
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. Boim Combined Heat and Power Generation Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested (*3,4) IBK
Guarantees for supplemental funding and others (*1,18) KRW 76,800 NH Investment & Securities Co., Ltd. and others
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. RES Technology AD Collateralized money invested (*4) KRW 16,696 UniCredit Bulbank and<br> <br>others
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. ASM-BG Investicii AD Collateralized money invested (*4) KRW 20,206 UniCredit Bulbank and<br> <br>others
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. Goseong Green Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested (*4) KRW 290,631 Kyobo Life Insurance Co.,<br> <br>Ltd. and<br>others
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. Gangneung Eco Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested (*4) KRW 228,751 Kyobo Life Insurance Co.,<br> <br>Ltd. and<br>others
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. PND Solar Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested (*4) KRW 2,010 IBK
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. Hyundai Eco Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested (*4) KRW 8,711 Samsung Life Insurance and others
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. Jaeun Resident Wind Power Plant Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested (*4) KRW 417 IBK
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. Chungsongmeon BongSan wind power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested (*4) KRW 2,375 Kyobo Life Insurance Co.,<br> <br>Ltd. and<br>others
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. Yeongam Solar Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested (*4) KRW 12,099 Kookmin Bank and others
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. Samsu Wind Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested (*4) KRW 3,140 Shinhan Bank and others
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. Saemangeum Heemang Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested (*4) KRW 16,916 Woori Bank and others
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. Nepal Water & Energy Development Company Private Limited Collateralized money invested (*4) USD 97,105 International Finance
Business reserve payment guarantee USD 33,333 Corporation and others
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. Santiago Solar Power SpA Debt guarantees (*8) USD 8,000 Nonghyup Bank and others
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Noeul Green Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested Hana Bank and others
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Busan Green Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 1,949 Shinhan Bank and others
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Godeok Clean Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 6,298 Kookmin Bank and others
Guarantees for supplemental<br>funding (*1)
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Cheong-Song Noraesan Wind Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 3,836 Woori Bank and others
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Gwangyang Green Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 24,005 Shinhan Bank and others
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Gangneung Sacheon Fuel Cell Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 9,320 Hana Bank and others
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Chuncheon Green Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 16,452 Hana Bank and others

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

46. Related Parties, Continued
(7) Guarantees provided to the related parties as of September 30, 2025 are as follows, continued:
--- ---

In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies

Primary guarantor Principal obligor Type of guarantees Credit limit Creditor
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Yangyang Suri Wind Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 8,111 Kookmin Bank and others
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Bigeum Resident Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 8,371 Kookmin Bank and others
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Songsan Green Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 11,610 Hana Bank and others
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Changwon Nu-ri Energy Co., Ltd. Collateralized money invested KRW 8,576 Hana Bank and others
Guarantees for supplemental funding (*1) Hana Bank and others
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Imha Floating Photovoltaic Power Plant Inc. Collateralized money invested KRW 5,734 Hana Bank and others
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. KAS INVESTMENT I LLC Payment guarantees (*13) USD 9,770 WOORI AMERICA BANK
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. KAS INVESTMENT II LLC Payment guarantees (*13) USD 9,730 WOORI AMERICA BANK
(*1) The Group guarantees to provide supplemental funding for business with respect to excessive business expenses<br>or insufficient repayment of borrowings.
--- ---
(*2) Samcheok Eco Materials Co., Ltd., a joint venture of the Group has issued the hybrid bonds. If the bonds are<br>not repaid by December 8, 2026, the parent company and shareholders except the parent company must purchase the bonds from the acquirer. As of September 30, 2025, derivative liabilities of ~~W~~26,422 million were recognized<br>in relation to this obligation. Meanwhile, the Group has entered into an agreement to compensate for potential losses in connection with the fulfillment of the obligated supply volume under the coal ash supply obligation agreement.<br>
--- ---
(*3) The Group recognized an impairment loss on all of the equity securities of Boim Combined Heat and Power<br>Generation Co., Ltd. before the prior year, and the acquisition cost of the securities provided as collateral is ~~W~~47,067 million.
--- ---
(*4) The agreement includes an obligation to contribute, in proportion to the equity interest, any excess amount<br>over the threshold in the event that the non-recognized portion of the guaranteed company’s capital expenditure exceeds the prescribed limit.
--- ---
(*5) The common stocks of Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. held by the Group were pledged as collateral.<br>
--- ---
(*6) The Group provided a payment guarantee to Jordan Tafila wind power project for opening L/C for Debt Service<br>Reserve Account (DSRA).
--- ---
(*7) The Group provided EBL payment and EBL hedging guarantee to Amaala Sustainable Company for Energy LLC, an<br>associate of the Group.
--- ---
(*8) The Group has issued a guaranteed letter of credit in the amount of USD 8,000 thousand under the<br>interlender loan agreement with Santiago Solar Power SpA.
--- ---
(*9) The credit limits of guarantees to RE Holiday Holdings LLC include the credit limits of guarantees to their<br>subsidiaries.
--- ---
(*10) The Group, together with other shareholders, has provided a guarantee for the project financing of Pulau Indah<br>Power Plant Sdn. Bhd., by establishing the right of pledge on the shares of Pulau Indah Power Plant Sdn. Bhd. The Group has pledged a portion of its shares in Pulau Indah Power Plant Sdn. Bhd., with a book value of MYR 25,350 thousand, as<br>collateral.
--- ---
(*11) Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd., an associate of the Group, has entered a contract to pay an incentive type<br>of impounding bonus to SK Eco Plant Co., Ltd. when the Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Dam is completed. If Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. fails to pay SK Eco Plant Co., Ltd., the Group guarantees the payment, and the amount is USD 5,000 thousand.<br>
--- ---
(*12) The Group provided a payment guarantee to Chile Kelar project for opening L/C for Debt Service Reserve Account<br>(DSRA), and others.
--- ---
(*13) The credit limits of guarantees to KAS INVESTMENT I LLC, KAS INVESTMENT II LLC include the credit limits of<br>guarantees to their subsidiaries.
--- ---
(*14) The payment guarantee is related to the gas combined cycle power project of South Jamaica Power Company<br>Limited, a joint venture of the Group.
--- ---
(*15) The guarantee limits of Remal First Holding Company and Naseem First Holding Company include the guarantee<br>limits provided for subsidiaries of associates.
--- ---
(*16) The payment guarantees for the water source modification cost of PT. Tanjung Power Indonesia, a joint venture<br>of the Group, has not yet been executed.
--- ---
(*17) The Group has provided a performance guarantee in connection with the Tafila Wind Power Project in Jordan.<br>
--- ---
(*18) In accordance with the agreement, the Group has recognized the estimated amount required for the fulfillment of<br>the obligation as other provisions, amounting to ~~W~~14,266 million.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

46. Related Parties, Continued
(8) Guarantees received from the related parties as of September 30, 2025 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- ---
Primary Guarantor Type of guarantees Credit limit
KAPES, Inc. Defect guarantees ~~W~~ 16,081
Performance guarantees 38,231
Advance payment guarantee 248,042
(9) Derivatives transactions with the related parties as of September 30, 2025 are as follows:
--- ---

(i) Currency Swap

In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies except contract exchange rate information
Contract amounts Contract interest rate<br>per annum Contract<br><br><br>exchange
rate
Counterparty Contract year Pay Receive Pay Receive (in won)
Korea Development Bank 2021~2026 ~~W~~ 118,170 USD 100,000 1.11 % 1.13 % ~~W~~ 1,181.70
2022~2026 283,820 USD 200,000 4.67 % 5.38 % 1,419.10
2022~2028 283,820 USD 200,000 5.12 % 5.50 % 1,419.10
2023~2026 256,000 USD 200,000 4.04 % 5.38 % 1,280.00
2024~2027 864,890 USD 650,000 3.53 % 4.88 % 1,330.60
2017~2027 111,610 USD 100,000 2.31 % 3.13 % 1,116.10
2018~2028 108,600 HKD 800,000 2.69 % 3.35 % 135.75
2019~2027 119,978 CHF 100,000 1.43 % 0.05 % 1,199.78
2021~2026 111,400 USD 100,000 0.93 % 1.25 % 1,114.00
2022~2027 262,000 USD 200,000 3.63 % 4.25 % 1,310.00
2024~2028 257,880 USD 200,000 3.80 % 5.00 % 1,289.40
2024~2028 128,940 USD 100,000 3.69 % 5.00 % 1,289.40
2024~2029 138,540 USD 100,000 3.19 % 4.63 % 1,385.40
2025~2030 556,560 USD 400,000 2.75 % SOFR+0.79 % 1,391.40
2020~2026 118,910 USD 100,000 0.61 % 1.00 % 1,189.10
2021~2026 114,230 USD 100,000 1.27 % 1.25 % 1,142.30
2022~2027 123,710 USD 100,000 3.41 % 3.63 % 1,237.10
2023~2028 129,500 USD 100,000 3.85 % 4.88 % 1,295.00

(ii) Currency forward

In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies except contract exchange rate information
Contract amounts Contract<br><br><br>exchange
rate
Counterparty Contract date Maturity date Pay Receive (in Won)
Korea Development Bank 2025.09.30 2025.10.23 ~~W~~ 7,010 USD 5,000 ~~W~~ 1,401.95

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

46. Related Parties, Continued
(10) During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025, the Group acquired financial instrumentsamounting to ~~W~~80,000 million from Korea Development Bank, a related party, and disposed of the entire holdings.
--- ---
(11) The Group considers all standing directors of the Board who serve as executive officers responsible forplanning, operations and/or control of business activities, as key management personnel. The Group recorded salaries and other compensations related to the key management personnel as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Type Three-month<br>period ended Nine-month<br>period ended Three-month<br>period ended Nine-month<br>period ended
Salaries ~~W~~ 236 1,190 218 858
Employee benefits 14 47 10 22
~~W~~ 250 1,237 228 880

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

47. Statement of Cash Flows
(1) Significant non-cash transactions for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are asfollows:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- ---
Transactions For the nine-monthperiod endedSeptember 30, 2025 For the nine-monthperiod ended<br>September 30, 2024
Transfer from construction-in-progress to other assets ~~W~~ 5,749,126 10,031,412
Recognition of asset retirement cost and related provision for decommissioning costs 433,783 1,269,781
Transfer from provision for disposal of used nuclear fuel to accrued expenses 326,629 369,208
Transfer from long-term borrowings and debt securities to current portion of long-term borrowings<br>and debt securities 22,105,635 24,194,581
Transfer from inventory to stored nuclear fuel 987,361 922,671
Recognition of right-of-use assets and others 58,577 65,308
Increase in accounts receivable related to the disposal of assets held-for-sale 241,040
Decrease in advance payments related to the disposal of assets held-for-sale 29,457
(2) Changes in liabilities incurred from financing activities for the nine-month periods endedSeptember 30, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Non-cash changes
Beginningbalance Cash flows Increase Effect of exchange rate<br>fluctuations and others Endingbalance
Borrowings ~~W~~ 20,659,381 2,442,256 (194,792 ) 22,906,845
Debt securities 111,874,019 (3,291,194 ) (1,011,291 ) 107,571,534
Lease liabilities 3,699,456 (463,167 ) 50,415 (101,232 ) 3,185,472
Dividends Payable 5,063 (209,733 ) 212,454 7,784
Derivative liabilities (assets), net (2,406,338 ) 589,621 511,507 (1,305,210 )
~~W~~ 133,831,581 (932,217 ) 50,415 (583,354 ) 132,366,425
In millions of won For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Non-cash changes
Beginningbalance Cash flows Increase Effect of exchange rate<br>fluctuations and others Endingbalance
Borrowings ~~W~~ 19,839,652 243,842 31,140 20,114,634
Debt securities 113,792,178 (2,107,030 ) 345,022 112,030,170
Lease liabilities 3,807,880 (473,425 ) 70,784 62,848 3,468,087
Dividends Payable 4,574 (83,524 ) 86,067 7,117
Derivative liabilities (assets), net (554,146 ) 330,937 (562,665 ) (785,874 )
~~W~~ 136,890,138 (2,089,200 ) 70,784 (37,588 ) 134,834,134

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

48. Commitments for Expenditure
(1) The commitments for acquisition of property, plant and equipment as of September 30, 2025 andDecember 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Contracts Commitmentamounts Remaining<br>liability balances Commitmentamounts Remaining<br>liability balances
Purchase of cable (PVC, 1C, 2000SQ) 153,000M and others (Shin-Bupyung-Youngseo) ~~W~~ 57,226 417 57,226 417
Purchase of GIS (362kV, 6300A, 63kA) 23CB – Youngseo S/S 37,168 11,747 37,168 15,109
Purchase of GIS (362kV, 6300A, 63kA) 27CB – Kwangyang S/S 37,744 140 37,744 140
Purchase of cable (PVC, 1C, 2500SQ) 100,548M and others (Kyungin Construction) 58,271 746 58,271 746
Purchase of GIS (362kV, 6300A, 63kA) 25CB – Migeum S/S 35,282 7,981 35,282 13,476
Purchase of cable (PVC, 1C, 2000SQ) 5,862M and others (Baekun-Gwangyanghang) 35,016 703 35,016 703
Purchase of cable (PVC, 1C, 2500SQ) 57,868M and others (Goduk-Seoansung) 40,937 654 40,937 654
Purchase of cable (PVC, 1C, 2000SQ) 87,732M and others (Eulwangboonki) 36,446 1,015 36,446 1,015
Purchase of GIS (362kV,6300A,63kA) Type 18 – Wolsung S/Y 33,057 16,045 33,057 16,045
System stabilization ESS equipment (Bubuk S/S) Type 1 221,939 42,137 221,939 42,137
System stabilization ESS equipment (Yeongcheon S/S) Type 1 72,779 16,975 72,779 16,975
System stabilization ESS equipment (Yesan S/S) Type 1 56,174 11,471 56,174 11,471
System stabilization ESS equipment (Hamyang S/S) Type 1 35,764 11,468 35,764 11,468
Concrete pole (10M, general purpose, 500KGF) 90,000 ea and four other equipment 59,473 36,464
Purchase of cable (PVC, 1C, 2500SQ) 53,856M and others (Shinchungjuboonki) 31,925 7,756
Purchase of GIS (362kV, 6300A, 63kA) Type 31 – East Seoul S/S 39,060 39,060 39,060 39,060
Purchase of cable (PVC, 1C, 2000SQ) 68,613M and others (Dongducheon-Yangju) 40,933 22,114 40,933 28,790
Purchase of HVDC cable (PE, 2500SQ) 31,551M and others 40,323 40,323 40,323 40,323
Purchase of HVDC cable (PE, 2500SQ) 30,883M and others 40,130 40,130 40,130 40,130
Stationary reactive power compensation device (Phase 3, ±500MVAR) – Shin Jecheon<br>S/S 39,300 39,300 39,300 39,300
Stationary reactive power compensation device (STATCOM, phase 3, ±500MVAR) – East<br>coast #1C/S 37,600 37,600 37,600 37,600
AMIGO, 1P2W, 60(5)A, Electronic, Class 1.0, 220V, 1,031,728 EA – Annual Unit Price 43,054 1,808 43,054 38,404
Stationary reactive power compensation device (STATCOM/Phase 3, ±500MVAR) – Shin<br>Gapyeong S/S 40,590 40,590 40,590 40,590
Stationary reactive power compensation device (STATCOM/Phase 3, ±500MVAR) – Shin<br>Namwon S/S 37,100 37,100 37,100 37,100
Steel Pipe Towers (500kV HVDC), 6,105 tons – Donghae–Shingapyeong (Section 2) 32,381 23,101 25,214 25,214
Steel Pipe Towers (500kV HVDC), 6,143 tons – Donghae–Shingapyeong (Section 3) 31,184 19,162 25,372 25,372
Purchase of GIS (362kV, 6300A, 63kA) Type 16 and others -East coast #1C/S 41,000 41,000
Purchase of cable (PVC, 1C, 2500SQ) 55,593M and others (Shin Anseong–Dong Yongin) 37,470 21,077
Concrete pole (10M, general purpose, 500KGF) 70,000 ea and five other equipment 32,269 20,657
AMIGO, 1P2W, 60(5)A, Electronic, Class 1.0, 220V, 709,616 units – Annual Unit Price<br>(General) 40,475 30,166
AMIGO, 3P4W, 120(10)A, Electronic, Class 1.0, 220V, 422,751 units – Annual Unit Price<br>(General) 42,252 21,378
Diesel Power Plant Fuel Oil (Kerosene, By-product Fuel Oil No.1) – Power Generation<br>Technology Department Annual Unit Price 99,016 99,016
Purchase of cable (PVC, 1C, 2000SQ) 74,647M and others (East Seoul#2-Tancheon) 30,471 30,471
Stationary reactive power compensation device (Phase 3, ±500MVAR) – East coast<br>#2C/S 36,400 36,400

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

48. Commitments for Expenditure, Continued
(1) The commitments for acquisition of property, plant and equipment as of September 30, 2025 andDecember 31, 2024 are as follows, continued:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Contracts Commitmentamounts Remaining<br>liability balances Commitmentamounts Remaining<br>liability balances
Purchase of GIS (800KV,8000A,50KA) Type 7– Dangjin Thermal Power Plant ~~W~~ 63,903 63,903
765kV Power Transformer 3Bank(15Tank) – Dangjin Thermal Power Plant 61,100 61,100
Construction of Saeul Units (#3,4) 11,718,217 1,005,267 11,718,217 1,748,342
Construction of Shin-Hanul Units (#3,4) 12,343,245 10,353,465 12,343,245 10,964,638
Other 59 contracts 2,232,744 1,569,164 2,033,913 1,744,217
Purchase of equipment for the construction project of Boryeong indoor coal storage yard 370,134 156,352 357,479 241,751
Purchase of main machine for Boryeong New Complex Unit 1 286,299 96,416 286,299 177,988
Boryeong New Complex Unit 1 Construction Project 212,769 98,463 202,552 161,753
Haman Combined Power Block Conditional Purchase Agreement 583,874 511,702 581,790 543,509
Purchase of gas turbine and turbine equipment of Gimpo combined heat & power<br>plant 123,544 15,651 123,495 15,603
Purchase of steam turbine, HRSG and POWER BLOCK of Gimpo combined heat & power<br>plant 220,864 101
Construction of Gimpo combined heat & power plant 223,697 7,184 223,660 8,795
Purchase of gas turbines, steam turbines, and accessories for Gumi natural gas power plant 198,029 18,973 198,029 29,417
Purchase of heat recovery boiler and accessories for Gumi natural gas power plant 65,918 9,336 65,918 12,574
Construction of Gumi natural gas power plant 276,063 34,388 246,110 96,708
Installation of natural gas supply facility at Gumi natural gas power plant 83,801 45,019
Construction of Gongju natural gas power plant 223,245 150,120 203,849 190,840
Purchase of natural gas main machine and accessories at Gongju natural gas power plant 310,322 257,822 305,829 273,338
Purchase of main equipment and ancillary facilities for the Yeosu Natural Gas Power Plant. 288,250 232,221
Purchase of coal handling machine for construction of Samcheok Units (#1,2) 327,569 2,954 326,395 5,905
Purchase of main equipment for Shin-Sejong combined thermal power plant 234,392 2,862 234,392 2,670
Hadong Thermal Power Plant Indoor Coal Storage Yard Residual Project Purchase 61,859 56,290
Purchase of Samcheok hydrogen compound co-firing facility infrastructure 128,820 76,150 128,820 90,876
Construction of Andong Combined Unit 2 Power Plant 185,549 149,524 181,593 175,029
Purchase of main equipment for Andong Combined Unit 2 279,771 170,914 279,773 230,694
Service of designing Hadong Combined Unit 1 32,289 26,988 31,593 26,351

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

48. Commitments for Expenditure, Continued
(2) As of September 30, 2025, details of contracts for inventory purchase commitment are as follows:
--- ---
Type Periods Contracted quantity
--- --- ---
Concentrate 2025 ~ 2033 20,737 Ton U3O8
Conversion 2025 ~ 2030 17,392 Ton U
Enrichment 2025 ~ 2035 27,829 Ton SWU

In addition, the contracted quantity of the molded uranium between Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. and KEPCO Nuclear Fuel Co., Ltd., which are subsidiaries of the Group, is 1,370 Ton U (contract periods: 2024 ~ 2033).

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

49. Contingencies and Commitments
(1) Ongoing litigations and arbitrations related with contingent liabilities and contingent assets as ofSeptember 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won As of September 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Number of cases Amount Number of cases Amount
As the defendant 720 ~~W~~ 854,070 722 ~~W~~ 884,402
As the plaintiff 244 755,719 264 769,772

The amounts above exclude legal proceedings in which the Group is a plaintiff or defendant. As of September 30, 2025, consolidated entities are involved in 4 litigation cases and 3 arbitration proceedings.

1) The Group is the defendant against a number of litigations. The following is ongoing litigation pertaining to<br>the Group which can potentially be significant:

There are multiple ongoing litigations against the Group related to ordinary wages, requesting payment of unpaid wages. The Group believes that the possibility of the outflow of economic benefits is probable on the ongoing and the expected litigations. Accordingly, the Group recognized ~~W~~334,854 million as litigation provisions in relation to the litigation as of September 30, 2025.

2) There are 11 arbitration cases pertaining to the Group as of September 30, 2025 and the significant<br>arbitration case is as follows:

During the period ended December 31, 2024, UniTest Co., Ltd. filed an arbitration claim against KEPCO for delay damages arising from the modification of design and contract amount related to the 154kV Yesan S/S 82MW ESS construction project. The amount and timing of resource outflows resulted therefrom cannot be reasonably estimated.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

49. Contingencies and Commitments, Continued
(2) Guarantees of payments and commitments provided to other companies as of September 30, 2025 are asfollows:
--- ---
1) The Group has provided the syndicate of lenders of PT Indo Raya Tenaga, the business corporation of PT Barito<br>Wahana Tenaga, a guarantee by establishing the right of pledge on the shares of PT Barito Wahana Tenaga for project financing of PT Barito Wahana Tenaga as of September 30, 2025.
--- ---
2) The Group has outstanding borrowings with a limit of USD 264,800 thousand from its creditors such as<br>International Finance Corporation. Regarding the borrowing contract, the Group has guaranteed capital contribution of USD 69,808 thousand and additional contribution up to USD 19,000 thousand for contingencies, if any. In relation to this<br>financial agreement, the Group is providing its entire shares in Mira Power Limited and business-related PP&E as collateral to the lenders.
--- ---
3) The Group has provided USD 6,015 thousand for a debt guarantee to Export-Import Bank of Korea, BNP Paribas<br>and ING Bank, to guarantee the payment of debt related to hydroelectric power business of Tanggamus, Indonesia.
--- ---
4) The Group has provided USD 4,253 thousand for a debt guarantee to PT. Bank KB Bukopin, to guarantee the<br>payment of debt related to hydroelectric power business of Wampu, Indonesia.
--- ---
5) The Group has provided RBC Community Investments Impact Renewables HoldCo-1, LLC a performance guarantee<br>regarding weatherization in relation with tax investors up to USD 3,000 thousand for the of the power plant construction for Concho Valley solar power project in the United States.
--- ---
6) The Group has provided EUR 7,031 thousand for a performance guarantee to Microsoft through Kookmin Bank,<br>to guarantee the implementation of the power plant construction for Guba Buget wind power project in Sweden.
--- ---
7) The Group has provided Axia Power Holdings B.V. and others a performance guarantee up to USD<br>54,000 thousand for the implementation of Cirebon thermal power generation project in Indonesia.
--- ---
8) The Group has provided Nonghyup Bank a debt guarantee up to USD 4,125 thousand to guarantee Debt Service<br>Reserve Account (DSRA) for Mizuho bank, related to the Cirebon power plant business of PT. Cirebon Electric Power in Indonesia.
--- ---
9) The Group has provided Nonghyup Bank a debt guarantee up to USD 9,230 thousand to guarantee Debt Service<br>Reserve Account (DSRA) for Mizuho bank, related to the Cirebon power plant business of PT. Cirebon Energi Prasarana in Indonesia.
--- ---
10) The Group has provided PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara a performance guarantee up to IDR 35,588,165 thousand<br>for the implementation of Tanjung Jati power plant operation project in Indonesia.
--- ---
11) The Group has provided USD 30,000 thousand for a performance guarantee to Morgan Stanley Capital Group<br>Inc., to guarantee the electricity purchase contract in relation to photovoltaic power generation project in USA.
--- ---
12) The Group has provided Morgan Stanley Renewables Inc. a guarantee up to USD 70,000 thousand for the<br>fulfillment of subscription obligation regarding photovoltaic power generation project in USA.
--- ---
13) The Group has provided Hana Bank a debt guarantee up to USD 40,000 thousand to guarantee Equity Bridge<br>Loan for Concho Valley solar business in the United States.
--- ---
14) The Group has provided Van Phong Power Company, Ltd. a performance guarantee up to USD 5,000 thousand for<br>the operation maintenance project in Van Phong, Vietnam.
--- ---
15) The Group has provided RBC Community Investments Impact Renewables HoldCo-1, LLC a guarantee for up to USD<br>62,800 thousand for the fulfillment of subscription obligation regarding Concho Valley solar power project in the United States.
--- ---
16) The Group has provided PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara a performance guarantee up to USD 2,280 thousand for<br>the operation maintenance project in Indonesia siborpa.
--- ---
17) The Group has provided a performance guarantee of USD 4,413 thousand to Mondelez Global, LLC, as a<br>guarantee for the U.S. Rusi solar power project undertaken by Concho County Solar 1, LLC.
--- ---
18) The Group has provided a performance guarantee of OMR 2,750 thousand to HSBC Oman and HSBC Seoul, as<br>a guarantee for the Ibri 3 solar bidding project in Oman undertaken by Nama PWP and HSBC Oman.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

49. Contingencies and Commitments, Continued
(3) Credit lines provided by financial institutions and others as of September 30, 2025 are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies
--- --- --- --- ---
Commitments Financial institutions Currency
Commitments on Bank-overdraft Nonghyup Bank and others KRW 2,220,500
Limit amount available for CP Hana Bank and others KRW 8,180,000
General Loan, etc. Kookmin Bank and others KRW 3,200,000
Limit amount available for card Nonghyup Card and others KRW 48,458
Loan limit Korea Development Bank and others KRW 2,621,495
DBS Bank and others 1,836,000
Certification of payment on payables from foreign country Nonghyup Bank 8,700
Certification of payment on L/C Shinhan Bank and others 1,082,312
Kookmin Bank and others 8,431
Shinhan Bank 715,837
Certification of Performance guarantee on contract Hana Bank and others KRW 143,052
First Abu Dhabi Bank and others 1,816,317
SMTB 6,500,000
Hana Bank and others 375,609
Hana Bank 27,117
Hana Bank OMR 6,250
First Abu Dhabi Bank and others AED 52,500
Saudi National Bank and others SAR 124,151
Certification of bidding Korea Software Financial Cooperative KRW 42,278
Hana Bank and others 14,200
Export-Import Bank of Korea 10,000
First Abu Dhabi Bank OMR 3,750
Advance payment bond, Warranty bond, Retention bond and others Seoul Guarantee Insurance KRW 77,186
Hana Bank and others 702,342
Saudi National Bank SAR 57,555
Hana Bank and others MXN 21,290
Others (*) Nonghyup Bank and others KRW 396,011
Nonghyup Bank and others 579,171
Shinhan Bank QAR 155,213
Standard Chartered AED 50
Secured loan of credit sales Nonghyup Bank and others KRW 320,000
Inclusive credit Hana Bank KRW 8,000
Hana Bank and others 35,000
Equity Bridge Loan Guarantee Export-Import Bank of Korea and others 1,194,048
Trade finance DBS Bank and others 600,000

All values are in US Dollars.

(*) As of September 30, 2025, the Group has entered into a credit extension agreement for derivatives<br>transactions with Nonghyup Bank, Hana Bank and Woori Bank as ancillary to currency swap transactions.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

49. Contingencies and Commitments, Continued
(4) As of September 30, 2025, promissory notes and assets provided as collaterals or pledges to financialinstitutions by the Group are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies
--- --- --- --- --- ---
Obligor Creditor Assets provided assecurity (*2) Currency Description
Mira Power Limited International Finance Corporation and others Property, plant and Equipment and others 264,800 Collateral for borrowings<br><br><br>(*1)
Tamra Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. Kyobo Life Insurance Co., Ltd. and others Property, plant and equipment and others KRW 132,000 Collateral for borrowings<br><br><br>(*1)
Gyeonggi Green Energy Co., Ltd. Korea Development Bank and others Cash and cash equivalents and others KRW 251,600 Collateral for borrowings<br><br><br>(*1)
Jeongam Wind Power Co., Ltd. KDB Capital Corporation and others Cash and cash equivalents and others KRW 230,761 Collateral for borrowings
Gyeongju Wind Power Co., Ltd. Shinhan Bank and others Property, plant and equipment and others KRW 68,400 Collateral for borrowings<br><br><br>(*1)
Korea Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. Woori Bank and<br><br><br>others Property, plant and equipment and others KRW 244,500 Collateral for borrowings<br><br><br>(*1)
Qatrana Electric Power Company The Islamic Development Bank and others Finance lease receivable and property, plant and equipment and others 62,325 Collateral for borrowings<br><br><br>(*1)
KST Electric Power Company, S.A.P.I. de C.V. Export–Import Bank of Korea and others Finance lease receivable and property, plant and equipment and others 318,787 Collateral for debt securities<br><br><br>(*1)
Incheon Fuel Cell Co., Ltd. Kookmin Bank and others Cash and cash equivalents and others KRW 230,800 Collateral for borrowings<br><br><br>(*1)
K-SOLAR SHINAN Co., Ltd. Kyobo Life Insurance Co., Ltd. and others Property, plant and equipment and others KRW 274,780 Collateral for borrowings
KOSPO Youngnam Power Co., Ltd. Shinhan Bank and others Cash and cash equivalents and others KRW 744,120 Collateral for borrowings
Jeju Hanlim Offshore Wind Co., Ltd. Kookmin Bank and others Property, plant and equipment and others KRW 37,232 Collateral for borrowings
Western Power Changgi Solar Co., Ltd. Samsung Life Insurance and others Property, plant and equipment and others KRW 45,000 Collateral for borrowings<br><br><br>(*1)
Yeongdeok Sunrise Wind Power Co., Ltd. Korea Development Bank and others Property, plant and equipment and others KRW 96,240 Collateral for borrowings<br><br><br>(*1)
Chitose Solar Power Plant LLC SMTB Property, plant and equipment and others 127,822 Collateral for borrowings
Mangilao Intermediate Holdings LLC Mizuho Bank Trade receivable and others 84,785 Collateral for borrowings<br><br><br>(*1)

All values are in US Dollars.

(*1) This is based on the amount of loan commitment limit.
(*2) As of September 30, 2025, the Group has established guarantees for pledge for transfer of rights of<br>long-term borrowings, pledge for insurance claims, factory foundation mortgages, deposit pledges, etc.
--- ---

The Group has ~~W~~1,197 million of project loans from the Korea Energy Agency as of September 30, 2025. The Group has provided a promissory note as a repayment guarantee.

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

49. Contingencies and Commitments, Continued
(5) The Group temporarily suspended operations of the Gangneung hydroelectric generating plant, with a<br>carrying amount of ~~W~~56,614 million as of September 30, 2025, to improve the quality of water used in generating electricity. The expenses related to the suspension of operations of ~~W~~550 million and<br>depreciation on the idle assets of ~~W~~2,710 million are recorded in other expenses for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025. Regarding the improvement of water quality, the results of damages compensation for the<br>local residents cannot be reasonably estimated, and the Group is in negotiations with Gangneung City and related stakeholders to restart the Gangneung hydroelectric generating plant as of September 30, 2025.
--- ---
(6) As the government of the Republic of Korea announced the suspension of operation in Gaeseong Industrial<br>District, it is uncertain if the Group can exercise the property rights for the Group’s facility in Gaeseong Industrial District as of September 30, 2025. Accordingly, the book value of the facility, amounting to<br>~~W~~11,778 million, was recognized as an impairment loss, and trade receivables related to companies residing in the Gaeseong Industrial District were fully written off. As of September 30, 2025, the Group cannot make<br>reasonable estimation on whether assets will be recovered or utilized in regular way related thereto.
--- ---
(7) As of September 30, 2025, the Group owns land at 6171-1 Nuri-ri, Yeongi-myeon, Sejong Special<br>Self-Governing City as PP&E with limited ownership, and its book value is ~~W~~64,371 million.
--- ---
(8) The Korea Institute of Energy Technology(KENTECH) was established in April, 2020, in accordance with the<br>“Basic plan for the establishment of KENTECH (July, 2019)”. By the special law to create KENTECH, the Group, government, and local government may contribute to the fund. The Group will decide whether to contribute to the fund on a board<br>resolution after consulting with relevant organizations considering its financial situation by year.
--- ---
(9) The ongoing armed conflict in Ukraine started in February 2022 and relevant sanctions against Russia<br>imposed by the international community can impact not only sanctioned entities but also the entities doing business directly or indirectly with Ukraine or Russia and the entities exposed directly or indirectly to industries or economy of Russia or<br>Ukraine. The Group cannot make reasonable estimation of the financial impact of the recent conflict in Ukraine on the future events.
--- ---

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Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

50. Subsequent Events
(1) Subsequent to September 30, 2025, KEPCO borrowed long-term borrowings for the purposes of operation<br>and details related thereto are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Company Type Issue date Maturity Interest rate<br><br><br>(%) Amount
Korea Electric Power Corporation Local long-term borrowings (Mid- to long-term CP (*)) 2025.10.20 2028.10.20 3M CD+0.25 ~~W~~200,000
(*) The maturity of mid- to long-term CPs corresponds to contract period of commercial paper repurchase agreements.<br>
--- ---
(2) Subsequent to September 30, 2025, KEPCO and its subsidiaries, Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd.,<br>Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. and Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd., issued bonds denominated in Korean won and USD for the purpose of operation funding and details related thereto are as follows:
--- ---
In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Company Type Issue date Maturity Interest rate<br>(%) Amount
Korea Electric Power Corporation #1528 Corporate bond 2025.10.01 2027.10.01 2.69 ~~W~~160,000
#1529 Corporate bond 2025.10.01 2028.09.29 2.78 260,000
#1530 Corporate bond 2025.10.01 2030.10.01 2.93 80,000
#1531 Corporate bond 2025.10.13 2027.10.13 2.65 100,000
#1532 Corporate bond 2025.10.13 2028.10.13 2.77 200,000
#1533 Corporate bond 2025.10.13 2030.10.11 2.89 100,000
#1534 Corporate bond 2025.11.06 2028.11.06 3.12 270,000
#1535 Corporate bond 2025.11.06 2030.11.06 3.28 220,000
#17 Global bond 2025.11.12 2030.11.12 4.13 USD 400,000
#18 Global bond 2025.11.12 2028.11.12 Compounded<br>Daily SOFR<br>+ 0.62 % USD 600,000
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd #67 Corporate bond 2025.11.07 2028.11.07 3.01 60,000
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. #73-1 Corporate bond 2025.10.31 2030.10.31 3.08 60,000
#73-2 Corporate bond 2025.10.31 2035.10.31 3.41 90,000
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. Foreign corporate bond (25-1) 2025.11.04 2031.05.04 4.00 USD 300,000

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Table of Contents

KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, Continued

September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)

51. Adjusted Operating Profit (Loss)

The operating profit (loss) in the Group’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income or loss prepared in accordance with KIFRS included in this report differs from that in its consolidated statements of comprehensive income or loss prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards as issued by the IASB. The table below sets forth a reconciliation of the Group’s results from operating activities as presented in the Group’s consolidated interim statements of comprehensive income or loss prepared in accordance with KIFRS for each of the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 to the operating profit or loss as presented in the Group’s consolidated interim statements of comprehensive income or loss prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by IASB for each of the corresponding periods.

In millions of won September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024
Three-monthperiod ended Nine-month<br>period ended Three-month<br>period ended Nine-month<br>period ended
Operating profit on the interim consolidated statements of comprehensive income ~~W~~ 5,651,912 11,541,391 3,396,055 5,945,660
Add
Other income
Reversal of other provisions 2,544 6,627 1,332 23,746
Reversal of other allowance for doubtful accounts 4,101
Gains on government grants 59 161
Gains on assets contributed 1,304 2,817 24,585 28,724
Gains on liabilities exempted 49 756 127 288
Compensation and reparations revenue 44,490 90,385 12,574 67,382
Revenue from foundation fund 51 214 1 2
Rental income 52,297 157,486 45,583 153,119
Others 22,104 44,889 14,460 48,430
Other gains
Gains on disposal of property, plant and equipment 272,124 280,199 18,597 83,068
Gains on disposal of intangible assets 2 18 8 22
Reversal of impairment loss on intangible assets 2 42
Gains on foreign currency translation 782 9,840 9,366 27,449
Gains on foreign currency transactions 8,188 83,926 28,261 59,099
Gains on insurance proceeds 178 1,193 2,604 3,411
Others 46,626 328,142 72,476 198,334
Deduct
Other expenses
Compensation and reparations expenses 1,000 (310 ) (3 ) (138 )
Accretion expenses of other provisions (6,775 ) (5,888 ) (4,457 ) (4,809 )
Depreciation expenses on investment properties (270 ) (778 ) (172 ) (495 )
Depreciation expenses on idle assets (903 ) (2,710 ) (911 ) (2,747 )
Other bad debt expense (5,142 ) (5,144 ) (3,796 ) (11,799 )
Donations (32,432 ) (109,177 ) (16,069 ) (154,388 )
Others (25,002 ) (38,973 ) (27,759 ) (38,596 )
Other losses
Losses on disposal of property, plant and equipment (37,425 ) (87,565 ) (12,048 ) (58,633 )
Losses on disposal of intangible assets (13 ) (110 )
Impairment loss on intangible assets (30 )
Losses on foreign currency translation (42,275 ) (5,217 )
Losses on foreign currency transactions (27,875 ) (65,269 ) (7,937 ) (81,008 )
Others (22,210 ) (148,632 ) (29,054 ) (100,246 )
Adjusted operating profit ~~W~~ 5,945,678 12,045,423 3,523,823 6,180,548

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