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6-K

Joint Stock Co Kaspi.kz (KSPI)

6-K 2025-05-16 For: 2025-05-16
View Original
Added on April 10, 2026

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

________________________

FORM 6-K

________________________

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16

UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the month of May 2025

Commission File Number: 001-41921

_________________________

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

(Translation of registrant’s name into English)

______________________

154A Nauryzbai Batyr Street
Almaty, Kazakhstan
050013

(Address of principal executive office)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F:

Form 20-F Form 40-F

EXPLANATORY NOTE

On May 16, 2025, Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz (the “Company,” “we” or “us”) published on its corporate website the interim condensed consolidated financial information for the three months ended 31 March 2025 (unaudited), furnished as Exhibit 99.1 herewith.

This report of foreign private issuer on Form 6-K (the “Form 6-K”) is hereby incorporated by reference into the Company’s registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-276609).

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Form 6-K, including the exhibit furnished herewith, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. federal securities laws, which statements relate to our current expectations and views of future events. In some cases, these forward-looking statements can be identified by words or phrases such as “believe,” “may,” “might,” “will,” “expect,” “estimate,” “could,” “should,” “anticipate,” “aim,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “potential,” “prospective,” “continue,” “is/are likely to” or other similar expressions. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions, some of which are beyond our control. Therefore, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. In addition, these forward-looking statements reflect our current views with respect to future events and are not a guarantee of future performance. Actual outcomes may differ materially from the information contained in the forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors, including, without limitation, risks related to the following: our ability to attract sufficient new customers, engage and retain our existing customers or sell additional functionality, products and services to them on our platforms; our ability to maintain and improve the network effects of our Super App business model; our ability to improve or maintain technology infrastructure; our ability to successfully execute the new business model and reach profitability in certain of our operations; our ability to partner with sufficient new merchants or maintain relationships with our existing merchant partners; our ability to effectively manage the growth of our business and operations; developments affecting the financial services industry; our brand or trusted status of our platforms and Super Apps; our ability to retain and motivate our personnel and attract new talent, or to maintain our corporate culture; our ability to keep pace with rapid technological developments to provide innovative services; our ability to implement changes to our systems and operations necessary to capitalize on our future growth opportunities; changes in relationships with third-party providers, including software and hardware suppliers, delivery services, credit bureaus and debt collection agencies; our ability to compete successfully against existing or new competitors; our ability to integrate acquisitions, strategic alliances and investments and realize the benefits of such transactions; our ability to adequately obtain, maintain, enforce and protect our intellectual property and similar proprietary rights; risks related to Kazakhstan and the other countries in which we operate, including with regard to the evolving nature of the applicable legislative and regulatory framework and that of other jurisdictions in which we operate; our ability to obtain or retain certain licenses, permits and approvals in a timely manner; the significant influence of our existing shareholders and ability of ADS holders to influence corporate matters; differences between the rights of our shareholders, governed by Kazakhstan law and our charter, from the typical rights of shareholders under U.S. state laws; our ability to successfully remediate the existing material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting and our ability to establish and maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting; dependence on our subsidiaries for cash to fund our operations and expenses, including future dividend payments, if any; lack of protections for ADS holders compared to those afforded to shareholders of companies that are not “foreign private issuers;” the fact that the price of our ADSs might fluctuate significantly and that any future sales or ADSs or common shares may negatively impact the stock price; and risks related to other factors discussed under Item 3.D. “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on March 10, 2025 and our other SEC filings we make from time to time.

We operate in an evolving environment. New risks emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the effect of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

The forward-looking statements made in this Form 6-K relate only to events or information as of the date on which the statements are made in this Form 6-K. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise

publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, after the date on which the statements are made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz
May 16, 2025 By: /s/ Tengiz Mosidze
Name: Tengiz Mosidze<br><br>Title: Chief Financial Officer

EXHIBIT INDEX

The following exhibit is furnished as part of this Form 6-K:

No. Description
99.1 Interim condensed consolidated financial information for the three months ended 31 March 2025 (unaudited).

EX-99.1

Exhibit 99.1

JOINT STOCK COMPANY

KASPI.KZ

Interim Condensed Consolidated

Financial Information For the three months ended

31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Table of Contents

Page

interim condensed consolidated financial information

FOR THE Three MONTHS ENDED 31 MARCH 2025 (unaudited):

Interim condensed consolidated statements of profit or loss (unaudited) 3
Interim condensed consolidated statements of other comprehensive income (unaudited) 4
Interim condensed consolidated statements of financial position (unaudited) 5
Interim condensed consolidated statements of changes in equity (unaudited) 6
Interim condensed consolidated statements of cash flows (unaudited) 7-8
Selected explanatory notes to the interim condensed consolidated financial information (unaudited) 9-32

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Profit or Loss

For the three months ended 31 March 2024 and 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT, except for earnings per share which are in KZT)

Notes Three Months Ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2024 Three Months Ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2025
REVENUE 4,5,17 552,814 821,851
Net fee revenue 275,152 353,741
Interest revenue 240,301 327,964
Retail revenue 35,570 134,343
Other gains/(losses) 1,791 5,803
COSTS AND OPERATING EXPENSES 6,17 (283,717) (514,399)
Interest expenses (145,499) (183,067)
Transaction expenses (6,331) (7,786)
Cost of goods and services (63,078) (200,977)
Technology & product development (26,430) (42,897)
Sales & marketing (9,934) (22,228)
General & administrative expenses (7,392) (16,953)
Provision expenses 7 (25,053) (40,491)
NET INCOME BEFORE TAX 269,097 307,452
Income tax (45,657) (53,403)
NET INCOME 223,440 254,049
Attributable to:
Shareholders of the Company 219,599 252,056
Non-controlling interest 3,841 1,993
NET INCOME 223,440 254,049
Earnings per share
Basic (KZT) 8 1,160 1,327
Diluted (KZT) 8 1,151 1,321

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Other Comprehensive Income

For the three months 31 March 2024 and 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT, except for earnings per share which are in KZT)

Three Months Ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2024 Three Months Ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2025
NET INCOME 223,440 254,049
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Movement in investment revaluation reserve for equity instruments at FVTOCI 23 42
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Movement in investment revaluation reserve for debt instruments at FVTOCI:
(Losses)/gains arising during the period, net of tax KZT Nil 32,365 (62,718)
Expected recoveries recognised in profit or loss (294) (239)
Reclassification of gains/(losses) included in profit or loss, net of tax KZT Nil (424) 247
Foreign exchange differences on translation of foreign operations 2 (6)
Other comprehensive (loss)/income for the period 31,672 (62,674)
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 255,112 191,375
Attributable to:
Shareholders of the Company 250,938 190,044
Non-controlling interest 4,174 1,331
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 255,112 191,375

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position

As at 31 December 2024 and 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

Notes 31 December 2024 31 March 2025
ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents 9 619,470 686,622
Mandatory cash balances with National Bank of<br><br>the Republic of Kazakhstan 57,307 53,475
Due from banks 16 37,908 36,862
Investment securities and derivatives 10,16 1,506,831 1,242,806
Loans to customers 11,16,17 5,746,600 6,056,135
Property, equipment and intangible assets 19 269,289 359,914
Goodwill 19 17,438 566,455
Inventory 19 16,164 110,752
Other assets 17, 19 106,094 181,718
TOTAL ASSETS 8,377,101 9,294,739
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
LIABILITIES:
Due to banks 12,16 24,474 208,791
Customer accounts 13,16,17 6,561,950 6,203,639
Debt securities issued 16 51,050 340,475
Subordinated debt 16 62,416 60,692
Trade liabilities 19 22,454 284,591
Other liabilities 17, 19 81,896 412,894
TOTAL LIABILITIES 6,804,240 7,511,082
EQUITY:
Issued capital 14 130,144 130,144
Treasury shares 14 (151,521) (148,092)
Additional paid-in-capital 506 506
Revaluation (deficit)/reserve of financial assets and<br><br>other reserves 41,026 (20,986)
Share-based compensation reserve 15 31,774 14,654
Retained earnings 1,465,295 1,733,203
Total equity attributable to Shareholders of the Company 1,517,224 1,709,429
Non-controlling interest 55,637 74,228
TOTAL EQUITY 1,572,861 1,783,657
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY 8,377,101 9,294,739

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

For the three months ended 31 March 2024 and 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

Issued capital Treasury shares Additional paid-in-<br><br>capital Revaluation (deficit)/ reserve of financial assets and other reserves Share-based compensation reserve Retained earnings Total equity attributable to <br>Shareholders of the Company Non-controlling interest Total equity
Balance at 31 December 2023 130,144 (152,001) 506 9,719 34,810 1,054,945 1,078,123 25,090 1,103,213
Net income - - - - - 219,599 219,599 3,841 223,440
Other comprehensive income - - - 31,339 - - 31,339 333 31,672
Total comprehensive income - - - 31,339 - 219,599 250,938 4,174 255,112
Dividends declared by subsidiary to non-controlling interest - - - - - - - (774) (774)
Share options accrued - - - - 3,889 - 3,889 - 3,889
Share options exercised - 3,302 - - (19,923) 16,621 - - -
Share buyback program - (2,852) - - - - (2,852) - (2,852)
Balance at 31 March 2024 130,144 (151,551) 506 41,058 18,776 1,291,165 1,330,098 28,490 1,358,588
Balance at 31 December 2024 130,144 (151,521) 506 41,026 31,774 1,465,295 1,517,224 55,637 1,572,861
Net income - - - - - 252,056 252,056 1,993 254,049
Other comprehensive loss - - - (62,012) - - (62,012) (662) (62,674)
Total comprehensive income - - - (62,012) - 252,056 190,044 1,331 191,375
Acquisition of subsidiary with NCI - - - - - - - 17,260 17,260
Share options accrued - - - - 2,161 - 2,161 - 2,161
Share options exercised - 3,429 - - (19,281) 15,852 - - -
Balance at 31 March 2025 130,144 (148,092) 506 (20,986) 14,654 1,733,203 1,709,429 74,228 1,783,657

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

For the three months ended 31 March 2024 and 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2024 Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2025
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Interest received from loans to customers 169,938 296,811
Other interest received 54,185 68,491
Interest paid (144,782) (182,578)
Expenses paid on obligatory insurance of individual deposits (3,370) (3,758)
Net fee revenue received 275,629 368,651
Retail revenue received 35,570 134,343
Sales & marketing expenses paid (8,549) (22,076)
Other income received 1,672 5,935
Transaction expenses paid (6,331) (7,786)
Cost of goods and services purchased (62,749) (200,705)
Technology & product development expenses paid (17,672) (28,471)
General & administrative expenses paid (10,476) (13,867)
Cash flows from operating activities before changes in operating assets and liabilities 283,065 414,990
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Decrease/(increase) in operating assets:
Mandatory cash balances with NBRK (3,064) 3,832
Due from banks 1,369 2,365
Financial assets at FVTPL (1,254) (13,167)
Loans to customers (299,081) (372,046)
Other assets (11,418) (69,475)
Increase/(decrease) in operating liabilities:
Due to banks 103,733 184,044
Customer accounts (179,647) (555,272)
Financial liabilities at FVTPL 350 347
Other liabilities (30,677) 331,221
Cash outflow from operating activities before income tax (136,624) (73,161)
Income tax paid (42,234) (51,507)
Net cash outflow from operating activities (178,858) (124,668)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of property, equipment and intangible assets (9,158) (26,829)
Proceeds on sale of property and equipment 45 81
Proceeds on disposal of investment securities at FVTOCI 395,838 186,902
Purchase of investment securities at FVTOCI (299,312) (9,850)
Acquisitions of subsidiaries, net of cash and cash equivalent acquired - (265,716)
Net cash (outflow)/inflow from investing activities 87,413 (115,412)

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (continued)

For the three months ended 31 March 2024 and 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2024 Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2025
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from issue of debt securities - 326,047
Dividends paid by subsidiary to non-controlling interest (774) -
Purchase of treasury shares (2,852) -
Repayment of debt securities issued (51,195) -
Net cash inflow/(outflow) from financing activities (54,821) 326,047
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents (6,142) (18,815)
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS (152,408) 67,152
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of period 820,466 619,470
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of period 668,058 686,622

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

  • Corporate information

Overview

Kaspi.kz operates a two-sided Super App business model: the Kaspi.kz Super App for consumers and the Kaspi Pay Super App for merchants and entrepreneurs. Our offerings include payments, marketplace and fintech solutions for both consumers and merchants. Our business model, reinforced by our highly recognizable brand and continuing product innovation, generates powerful network effects, which has resulted in growth across all our platforms and strong financial performance.

Kaspi.kz Segments

Our segment reporting is based on our three business platforms:

  • Payments: Our Payments Platform facilitates transactions between and among merchants and consumers. For consumers, our Payments Platform is a highly convenient way to pay for shopping transactions, regular household bills and make peer-to-peer payments. For merchants, our Payments Platform enables them to accept payments online and in-store, issue and instantly settle invoices, pay suppliers and monitor merchants’ turnover. Our Payments Platform is our main customer acquisition tool and we consider it to be fundamental for high levels of customer engagement. Having achieved scale with consumers and merchants, our Payments Platform brings more value to consumers and merchants.

  • Marketplace: Our Marketplace Platform connects both online and offline merchants with consumers, enabling merchants to increase their sales through and allowing consumers to purchase a broad selection of products and services from a wide range of merchants. Marketplace has three main propositions — m-Commerce, e-Commerce, and Kaspi Travel. m-Commerce brings a digital shopping experience to a merchant’s physical location, while consumers can use e-Commerce to shop anywhere, anytime and typically with free delivery. Kaspi Travel allows consumers to book domestic and international flights, domestic rail tickets and international package holidays. All Marketplace services, except for Türkiye, are integrated with our Fintech and Payments Platforms. Other than in e-Grocery (which enables consumers to order groceries through the Kaspi.kz Super App with home delivery), part of e-Cars (which facilitates buying and selling used cars), and Türkiye Marketplace (which represents hybrid commerce model rooted in a unified 1P and 3P based catalogue), our Marketplace Platform is a “3P” model, enabling third-party merchants to sell their products directly to consumers.

  • Fintech: Our Fintech Platform provides consumers and merchants with BNPL, finance and deposit products. All our Fintech services can be accessed through our Super Apps, fully digitally, with users identified using Kaspi ID biometrics technology. We lend only in local currency and we fund our financing products mainly using deposit products, which are primarily local currency savings accounts. As we add more opportunities to transact with the Kaspi.kz Super App, we anticipate that consumers will keep more of their deposits with us.

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

Information about the group of companies

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz (“the Company” or “the Group”) was incorporated in the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2008. The Company is regulated by the National Bank of the Republic of Kazakhstan (“NBRK”) and the Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan for Regulation and Development of Financial Market. The registered address of the Company is 154A, Nauryzbai Batyr street, Almaty, 050013, the Republic of Kazakhstan.

The Group structure did not change since 31 December 2024, except for acquisition of a 65.41% share in “D-MARKET Electronic Services & Trading” (“Hepsiburada”) JSC on 29 January 2025 (“the Closing Date”) with the consideration of approximately USD 1,127 million, of which USD 600 million was paid in cash to the Sellers on the Closing Date, and USD 526.9 million of Deferred Cash Consideration, will be paid to the Sellers in cash no later than six months after the Closing Date. As collateral with respect to the Deferred Cash Consideration, the Group has pledged 65,199,658 Class B shares of Hepsiburada in favor of the Sellers. At the time the financial statements were authorized for issue, the Group had not yet completed the accounting for the acquisition of Hepsiburada.

On 27 March 2025 Kaspi.kz has signed a share purchase agreement with Rabobank Group, relating to the purchase of Rabobank’s Turkish subsidiary Rabobank A.Ş. The transaction is not material. Rabobank A.Ş. is a fully licensed bank in Türkiye which has neither borrowing or depositing clients nor a branch network. At the time the financial statements were authorized for issue, the agreement is subject to customary closing conditions and receipt of regulatory approval by certain Turkish government agencies.

The shareholders are as follows:

31 December<br><br>2024<br><br>% 31 March<br><br>2025<br><br>%
Baring Funds* 24.69 24.43
Mikheil Lomtadze 22.60 22.51
Vyacheslav Kim 21.40 21.32
Public Investors 27.67 27.82
Management 3.64 3.92
Total 100.00 100.00

*As at 31 December 2024 and 31 March 2025, Asia Equity Partners Limited held 8.73% and 8.55% of total shares, respectively, Fintech Partners Limited held 9.50% and 9.46% of total shares respectively, and Baring Fintech Nexus Limited held 6.45% and 6.42% of total shares, respectively, on behalf of Baring Funds.

This interim condensed consolidated financial information was approved on 16 May 2025.

  • Basis of presentation

This interim condensed consolidated financial information has been prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard (“IAS”) 34, Interim Financial Reporting. This interim condensed consolidated financial information has been prepared on the assumption that the Group is a going concern, as the Group has the resources to continue in operation for at least the next twelve months. In making this assessment, management has considered a wide range of information in relation to present and future economic conditions, including projections of cash flows, profit and capital resources.

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

This interim condensed consolidated financial information does not include all the information and disclosures required in the annual consolidated financial statements. The Group omitted disclosures, which would substantially duplicate the information contained in its audited annual consolidated financial statements for 2024 prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), such as accounting policies and details of accounts, which have not changed significantly in amount or composition.

The exchange rates at the period-end used by the Group in the preparation of the interim condensed consolidated financial information are as follows:

31 December<br><br>2024 31 March<br><br>2025
KZT/USD 525.11 504.44
KZT/EUR 546.74 545.65
KZT/TRY - 13.29

Reclassification

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified in order to conform to the current period presentation. These reclassifications had no impact on previously reported statements of profit or loss, other comprehensive income, financial position, changes in equity and cash flows.

  • Material accounting policies

This interim condensed consolidated financial information has been prepared under the historical cost convention, except for the revaluation of certain properties and financial instruments.

The same accounting policies, presentation and methods of computation have been followed in this interim condensed consolidated financial information as were applied in the preparation of the Group’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2024.

Adoption of new and revised Standards

New and revised IFRS Standards that are effective for the current year

The following amendments and interpretations are effective for the Group beginning 1 January 2025:

Amendments to IAS 21- Lack of Exchangeability 1 January 2025
Amendments to the SASB standards to enhance their international applicability 1 January 2025

The above standards and interpretations were reviewed by the Group's management and determined to not have a significant effect on the consolidated financial information of the Group.

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

New and revised IFRS Standards in issue but not yet effective

At the date of authorisation of this financial information, the Group has not applied the following new and revised IFRS Accounting Standards as issued by the IASB Standards that have been issued but are not yet effective:

New or revised standard or interpretation Applicable to annual reporting periods<br><br>beginning on or after
Amendments IFRS 9 and IFRS 7 regarding the classification and measurement of financial instruments 1 January 2026
Annual Improvements to IFRS Accounting Standards — Volume 11 1 January 2026
IFRS 18 Presentation and Disclosures in Financial Statements 1 January 2027
IFRS 19 Subsidiaries without Public Accountability: Disclosures 1 January 2027

The management does not expect that the adoption of the Standards listed above to have a material impact on the condensed consolidated financial information of the Group in future periods.

  • Revenue

Revenue includes fee revenue, interest revenue, retail revenue, rewards and other gains/(losses). Rewards earned by retail customers of the Group are deducted from revenue.

Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2024 Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2025
REVENUE 552,814 821,851
Fee revenue 288,120 365,961
Interest revenue 240,301 327,964
Retail revenue 35,570 134,343
Rewards (12,968) (12,220)
Other gains/(losses) 1,791 5,803

Revenue by segments is presented below:

Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2024 Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2025
Payments 126,597 147,471
Payments fee revenue 97,810 115,463
Interest revenue 28,787 32,008
Marketplace 150,450 349,345
Marketplace fee revenue 114,598 194,806
Retail revenue 35,570 134,343
Interest revenue - 11,669
Other gains/(losses) 282 8,527
Fintech 290,601 342,811
Interest revenue 211,514 287,569
Fintech fee revenue 77,578 57,966
Other gains/(losses) 1,509 (2,724)
Intergroup (1,866) (5,556)
Segment Revenue 565,782 834,071
Rewards (12,968) (12,220)
REVENUE 552,814 821,851

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

For the three months ended 31 March 2024 and 2025, intergroup represents Marketplace fee revenue that was offset by Marketing expense, for activities to attract customers of Fintech car loans. In addition, intergroup includes interest revenue generated by Marketplace and Payments platforms due to placement of free cash flow to term deposits in the Bank that is offset by interest expenses of Fintech.

For the three months ended 31 March 2025, marketplace revenue attributable to Hepsiburada, include marketplace fee revenue of KZT 46,784 million, retail revenue of KZT 84,643 million, interest revenue of KZT 8,755 million and other gains of KZT 8,404 million which are gains on the net monetary position. For the three months ended 31 March 2025, rewards attributable to Hepsiburada is KZT 1,207 million.

Other gains (losses) are mainly due to net gains (losses) on foreign exchange operations, financial assets and liabilities. For the three months ended 31 March 2024 and 2025, the net gain on foreign exchange operations were KZT 923 million and KZT 10,586 million, respectively. For the three months ended 31 March 2024 and 2025, the net gain (loss) on financial assets and liabilities were KZT 810 million and KZT (14,060) million, respectively.

Fee revenue and retail revenue are presented by timing of revenue recognition in the table below:

Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March 2024 Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March 2025
Goods and services transferred at point in time 240,438 432,352
Payments fee revenue - Transaction Revenue 90,270 106,751
Marketplace fee revenue - Seller Fees 114,598 191,258
Retail revenue 35,570 134,343
Goods and services transferred over time 85,118 70,226
Payments fee revenue - Membership Revenue 7,540 8,712
Marketplace fee revenue - Membership revenue - 3,548
Fintech fee revenue - Membership Revenue 825 747
Fintech fee revenue - Fintech banking service fees 76,753 57,219
TOTAL FEE AND RETAIL REVENUE 325,556 502,578
  • Segment Reporting

The Group reports its business in three operating segments.

The following tables present the summary of each segments’ revenue and net income:

Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2024 Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2025
SEGMENT REVENUE 565,782 834,071
Payments 126,597 147,471
Marketplace 150,450 349,345
Fintech 290,601 342,811
Intergroup (1,866) (5,556)
NET INCOME 223,440 254,049
Payments 81,008 98,139
Marketplace 71,342 79,442
Fintech 71,090 76,468

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

Operating segments are identified based on how the Group manages the business on a day-to-day basis and the types of products and services provided. Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with internal reports, which are reviewed and used by the management board (who are identified as Chief Operating Decision Makers, “CODM”). The operating performance measure of each operating segment is revenue and net income.

Expenses associated with share-based compensation are recognised across the segments.

The following table presents the summary of share-based compensation expense by segments:

Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2024 Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2025
SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (3,889) (2,161)
Payments (1,468) (831)
Marketplace (495) (460)
Fintech (1,926) (870)

The following tables present the summary of revenue, net income, and non-current assets (excluding financial instruments, deferred tax assets and other financial assets) by geographical market:

Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2024 Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2025
SEGMENT REVENUE 565,782 834,071
Kazakhstan & Other 565,782 685,486
Türkiye - 148,585
NET INCOME 223,440 254,049
Kazakhstan & Other 223,440 259,510
Türkiye - (5,461)
31 December 2024 31 March 2025
--- --- ---
NON-CURRENT ASSETS 284,909 377,607
Kazakhstan & Other 284,909 299,752
Türkiye - 77,855

Our geographic segments are Kazakhstan & Other Countries (including Azerbaijan and Ukraine) and Türkiye.

Revenue attributed to geographic market is based on the selling location. Non-current assets are based on the physical location of the assets as of the end of each year.

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

  • Costs and operating expenses
Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2024 Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2025
COSTS AND OPERATING EXPENSES (283,717) (514,399)
Interest expenses (145,499) (183,067)
Transaction expenses (6,331) (7,786)
Cost of goods and services (63,078) (200,977)
Technology & product development (26,430) (42,897)
Sales & marketing (9,934) (22,228)
General & administrative expenses (7,392) (16,953)
Provision expenses (see Note 7) (25,053) (40,491)

Interest expenses include interest expenses on customer accounts, mandatory insurance of retail deposits and interest expenses on debt securities, including subordinated debt and due to banks.

Transaction expenses are mainly composed of the costs associated with accepting, processing and otherwise enabling payment transactions. Those costs include fees paid to payment processors, payment networks and various service providers.

Cost of goods and services include costs incurred to operate retail network, 24-hour call support and communication with customers, product packaging and delivery, and other expenses which can be attributed to the Group’s operating activities related to the provision of the products and services. It also includes the price paid by us for consumer products, the subsequent sale of which generates Retail revenue.

Technology & product development consist of staff and contractor costs that are incurred in connection with the research and development of new and maintenance of existing products and services, development, design, data science and maintenance of our products and services, and infrastructure costs. Infrastructure costs include depreciation of servers, networking equipment, data center, kartomats, postomats and payment equipment, rent, utilities, and other expenses necessary to support our technologies and platforms. Collectively, these costs reflect the investments we make in order to offer a wide variety of products and services to our customers.

Sales & marketing consist primarily of online and offline advertising expenses, promotion expenses, staff costs and other expenses that are incurred directly to attract or retain consumers and merchants. It also includes our charity and sponsorship activities.

General & administrative expenses consist primarily of costs incurred to provide support to our business, including legal, human resources, finance, risk, compliance, executive, professional services fees, office facilities, and other support functions.

For the three months ended 31 March 2025, costs and operating expenses attributable to Hepsiburada, include interest expenses of KZT 13,683 million, cost of goods and services were KZT 108,851 million, technology & product development were KZT 10,874 million, sales & marketing were KZT 10,447 million, general & administrative expenses were KZT 7,654 million.

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

Employee benefits, depreciation and amortization expenses and operating lease expenses are presented as follows:

Three months ended<br><br>31 March 2024 Three months ended<br><br>31 March 2025
Employee benefits Depreciation & amortisation Operating <br>lease Employee benefits Depreciation & amortisation Operating lease
Cost of goods and services (6,786) - (310) (15,814) - (371)
Technology & product development (13,281) (6,190) (1,173) (18,892) (12,501) (2,970)
Sales & marketing (691) - (37) (1,468) - (51)
General & administrative expenses (4,038) (980) (244) (8,536) (2,341) (551)
Total (24,796) (7,170) (1,764) (44,710) (14,842) (3,943)

Expenses associated with share-based compensation are recognised across the functions in which the compensation recipients are employed. The following table sets forth an analysis of share-based compensation expense by function for the periods indicated:

Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March 2024 Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March 2025
SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (3,889) (2,161)
Cost of goods and services (329) (144)
Technology & product development (2,235) (1,465)
Sales & marketing (135) (51)
General & administrative expenses (1,190) (501)

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

  • Provision expenses

The movements in loss allowance for the three months ended 31 March 2024 were as follows:

Loans to customers Due from<br><br>banks Financial assets at FVTOCI Cash and cash<br><br>equivalents Other <br>assets Contin-gencies Total
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 POCI Stage 1 Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 1 Stage 3 Stage 2
Loss allowance as at <br>31 December 2023 59,939 16,290 166,042 261 6 114 158 1,136 23 5,640 35 249,644
Changes in provisions
-Transfer to Stage 1 9,720 (2,272) (7,448) - - - - - - - - -
-Transfer to Stage 2 (2,369) 6,001 (3,632) - - - - - - - - -
-Transfer to Stage 3 (4,173) (11,796) 15,969 - - - - - - - - -
Net changes, resulting from changes in credit risk parameters (11,755) 15,114 6,027 852 (1) 196 (17) (575) (19) 399 46 10,267
New assets issued 21,867 - - - 102 - - - - - 21,969
Repaid assets (except for write-off) (8,771) (1,296) (3,323) - - - - - - - (13,390)
Modification effect - - 6,207 - - - - - - - 6,207
Total effect on Consolidated Statements of Profit or Loss 1,341 13,818 8,911 852 (1) 298 (17) (575) (19) 399 46 25,053
Write-off, net of recoveries / recoveries - - (16,951) - - - - - - 771 - (16,180)
Foreign exchange difference - - 1 - - - - - - - - 1
As at 31 March 2024 64,458 22,041 162,892 1,113 5 412 141 561 4 6,810 81 258,518

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

The movements in loss allowance for the three months ended 31 March 2025 were as follows:

Loans to customers Due from<br><br>banks Financial assets at FVTOCI Cash and cash<br><br>equivalents Other <br>assets Contin-gencies Total
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 POCI Stage 1 Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 1 Stage 3 Stage 2
Loss allowance as at <br>31 December 2024 77,521 22,378 193,759 2,185 7 451 140 587 42 8,570 - 305,640
Changes in provisions
-Transfer to Stage 1 11,956 (10,235) (1,721) - - - - - - - - -
-Transfer to Stage 2 (2,217) 13,492 (11,275) - - - - - - - - -
-Transfer to Stage 3 (4,882) (18,346) 23,228 - - - - - - - - -
Net changes, resulting from changes in credit risk parameters (18,197) 20,391 16,299 223 (2) (103) (21) (113) 2 511 60 19,050
New assets issued 24,537 - - - - 3 - - - - - 24,540
Repaid assets (except for write-off) (11,970) (819) (1,650) - - - - - - - - (14,439)
Modification effect - - 11,345 - - (5) - - - - - 11,340
Total effect on Consolidated Statements of Profit or Loss (5,630) 19,572 25,994 223 (2) (105) (21) (113) 2 511 60 40,491
Write-off, net of recoveries / recoveries - - (21,382) - - - - - - 2,905 - (18,477)
On acquisition of subsidiary 539 856 2,783 - - - - - - - - 4,178
Monetary loss (28) (44) (175) - - - - - - - - (247)
Foreign exchange difference - - 3 - - - - - - - - 3
As at 31 March 2025 77,259 27,673 211,214 2,408 5 346 119 474 44 11,986 60 331,588

Net changes, resulting from changes in credit risk parameters include decrease of provisions due to partial repayment of loans.

As at 31 December 2024 and 31 March 2025, the allowance for impairment losses on financial assets at FVTOCI of KZT 1,178 million and

KZT 939 million, respectively, is included in the ‘Revaluation reserve of financial assets and other reserves’ within equity.

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

  • Earnings per share

Earnings per share are determined by dividing the net income attributable to shareholders

of the Company by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the three months ended 31 March 2025. For the purpose of diluted earnings per share calculation, the Group considers dilutive effects of share-based compensation.

31 March<br><br>2024 31 March<br><br>2025
Net income attributable to the shareholders of the Company 219,599 252,056
Weighted average number of common shares for basic earnings per share 189,279,242 190,015,729
Weighted average number of common shares for diluted earnings per share 190,741,341 190,843,204
Earnings per share – basic (KZT) 1,160 1,327
Earnings per share – diluted (KZT) 1,151 1,321

Reconciliation of the number of shares used for basic and diluted earnings per share:

31 March 31 March
2024 2025
Weighted average number of common shares for basic earnings per share 189,279,242 190,015,729
Number of potential common shares attributable to share-based compensation 1,462,099 827,475
Weighted average number of common shares for diluted earnings per share 190,741,341 190,843,204
  • Cash and cash equivalents
31 December <br>2024 31 March<br><br>2025
Cash on hand 197,002 186,332
Current accounts with other banks 108,246 113,661
Short-term deposits with other banks 314,222 336,113
Reverse repurchase agreements - 50,516
Total cash and cash equivalents 619,470 686,622

Cash on hand includes cash balances with ATMs and cash in transit.

As at 31 December 2024 and 31 March 2025, current accounts and short-term deposits with NBRK are KZT 192,102 million and KZT Nil, respectively.

As at 31 December 2024 and 31 March 2025, the fair value of collateral of reverse repurchase agreements classified as cash and cash equivalents, are KZT Nil and KZT 50,516 million, respectively.

As at 31 December 2024 and 31 March 2025, restricted deposits included in due from banks with investment credit ratings (higher than ‘BBB-‘) in favor of international payments systems were KZT 35,114 million and KZT 34,035 million, respectively.

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

  • Investment securities and derivatives

Investment securities and derivatives comprise:

31 December <br>2024 31 March<br><br>2025
Total financial assets at FVTOCI 1,489,682 1,228,029
Total financial assets at FVTPL 17,149 12,316
Total financial assets at amortized cost - 2,461
Total investment securities and derivatives 1,506,831 1,242,806
Financial assets at FVTOCI comprise:
31 December <br>2024 31 March<br><br>2025
Debt securities 1,489,205 1,227,509
Equity investments 477 520
Total financial assets at FVTOCI 1,489,682 1,228,029
Interest <br>rate, % 31 December <br>2024 Interest <br>rate, % 31 March<br><br>2025
--- --- --- --- ---
Debt securities
Bonds of the Ministry of Finance of <br>the Republic of Kazakhstan 0.60-16.70 1,192,962 0.60-15.35 980,165
Corporate bonds 2.00-15.88 292,364 2.00-15.50 243,675
Sovereign bonds of foreign countries 0.63-4.13 3,475 0.63-4.50 3,669
Discount notes of the NBRK 14.62 404 - -
Total debt securities 1,489,205 1,227,509

Debt securities are graded according to their external credit ratings issued by an international rating agencies, such as Standard and Poor’s, Fitch and Moody’s Investors Services and are graded as follows:

A- and higher BBB+ to BBB- BB+<br><br>to B- Not<br><br>rated Total
Debt securities as at 31 December 2024 36,415 1,373,391 4,957 74,442 1,489,205
Debt securities as at 31 March 2025 29,798 1,130,672 4,807 62,232 1,227,509

Financial assets at FVTPL comprise:

31 December <br>2024 31 March<br><br>2025
Derivative financial instruments 17,149 6,835
Investment funds - 5,481
Total financial assets at FVTPL 17,149 12,316

As at 31 March 2025, financial assets at FVTPL included swap and spot instruments of KZT 3,164 million (2024: KZT 4,923 million) with a notional amount of KZT 335,320 million (2024: KZT 139,659 million) and forwards of KZT 3,671 million (2024: KZT 12,226 million) with a notional amount of KZT 178,712 million (2024: KZT 274,327 million).

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

As at 31 March 2025, financial liabilities at FVTPL included swap and spot instruments of KZT 175 million (2024: KZT 133 million) with a notional amount of KZT 335,147 million (2024: KZT 139,696 million) and forwards of KZT 434 million (2024: KZT 129 million) with a notional amount of KZT 184,688 million (2024: KZT 269,387 million).

As at 31 December 2024 and 31 March 2025, investment securities were not pledged or restricted, except for bonds of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Kazakhstan, notes of NBRK and corporate bonds pledged under repurchase agreements with other banks totaling KZT 24,474 million and KZT 201,478 million, respectively (Note 12).

  • Loans to customers
31 December 2024 31 March<br><br>2025
Gross loans to customers 6,042,443 6,374,689
Less: allowance for impairment losses (Note 7) (295,843) (318,554)
Total loans to customers 5,746,600 6,056,135

All loans to customers issued by the Group were allocated to the Fintech segment for internal segment reporting purposes.

The Group did not provide loans which individually exceeded 10% of the Group’s equity.

Movements in allowances for impairment losses on loans to customers for the three months ended 31 March 2024 and 2025 are disclosed in Note 7.

As at 31 December 2024 and 31 March 2025, accrued interest of KZT 68,558 million and KZT 78,196 million, respectively, was included in loans to customers.

Loans with principal or accrued interest in arrears for more than 90 days are classified as

non-performing loans (“NPLs”). These loans were classified in Stage 3. Allowance for impairment losses to NPLs reflects the Group’s total provision as a percentage of NPLs. Considering the ratio represents allowance for impairment losses for all loans as a percentage of NPLs, the ratio can be more than 100%.

The following table sets forth the Group’s outstanding NPLs as compared to the total allowance for impairment losses on total loans to customers:

Gross NPLs Total allowance for impairment Total allowance for impairment losses to<br><br>Gross NPLs
As at 31 December 2024 327,730 295,843 90%
As at 31 March 2025 362,119 318,554 88%

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

Provision expenses on loans to customers:

Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2024 Three months<br><br>ended<br><br>31 March<br><br>2025
Provision expenses on loans to customers (24,922) (40,159)

The gross carrying amount and related allowance for impairment losses on loans to customers by stage were as follows:

Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
12-month ECL Lifetime <br>ECL Lifetime <br>ECL POCI Total
Gross loans to customers 5,447,804 86,251 485,252 23,136 6,042,443
Less: allowance for impairment losses (77,521) (22,378) (193,759) (2,185) (295,843)
Carrying amount<br><br>as at 31 December 2024 5,370,283 63,873 291,493 20,951 5,746,600
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
--- --- --- --- --- ---
12-month ECL Lifetime <br>ECL Lifetime <br>ECL POCI Total
Gross loans to customers 5,713,156 107,559 531,648 22,326 6,374,689
Less: allowance for impairment losses (77,259) (27,673) (211,214) (2,408) (318,554)
Carrying amount as at 31 March 2025 5,635,897 79,886 320,434 19,918 6,056,135

During the three months ended 31 March 2024 and 2025, the Group has restructured loans to customers, which were classified as NPLs, in the amount of KZT 27,974 million and KZT 43,031 million, respectively, by providing an interest free extended repayment schedule.

During the three months ended 31 March 2024 and 2025, KZT 11,564 million and KZT 23,922 million, respectively, of restructured loans were collected.

As at 31 December 2024 and 31 March 2025, the Group’s restructured loans in

Stage 3 amounted to the gross carrying amount of KZT 94,556 million and KZT 107,122 million, respectively.

As at 31 December 2024 and 31 March 2025, the Group’s restructured loans in Stage 2 amounted to the gross carrying amount of KZT 18,009 million and KZT 17,098 million, respectively.

As at 31 December 2024 and 31 March 2025, the Group’s restructured loans in Stage 1 amounted to the gross carrying amount of KZT 15,364 million and KZT 20,688 million, respectively.

As at 31 December 2024 and 31 March 2025, the Group’s restructured loans recognised as POCI amounted to the gross carrying amount of KZT 23,136 million and KZT 22,326 million, respectively.

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

  • Due to banks
31 December<br><br>2024 31 March<br><br>2025
Recorded at amortised cost:
Repurchase agreements 24,151 201,478
Time deposits of banks and other financial institutions 323 7,313
Total due to banks 24,474 208,791

As at 31 December 2024 and 31 March 2025, accrued interest of KZT 67 million and

KZT 339 million, respectively, was included in due to banks.

Fair value of securities pledged as collateral of repurchase agreements, which were classified as due to banks as at 31 December 2024 and 31 March 2025, amounted to KZT 24,474 million and KZT 201,478 million, respectively.

  • Customer accounts
31 December<br><br>2024 31 March<br><br>2025
Individuals
Term deposits 5,328,125 5,188,420
Current accounts 921,913 715,296
Total due to individuals 6,250,038 5,903,716
Corporate customers
Term deposits 106,010 105,424
Current accounts 205,902 194,499
Total due to corporate customers 311,912 299,923
Total customer accounts 6,561,950 6,203,639

As at 31 December 2024 and 31 March 2025, accrued interest of KZT 51,212 million and KZT 50,278 million, respectively, was included in term deposits within customer accounts.

As at 31 December 2024 and 31 March 2025, customer accounts of KZT 83,654 million and KZT 66,959 million, respectively, were held as prepayments on loans to customers.

As at 31 December 2024 and 31 March 2025, customer accounts of KZT 76,413 million (1.16% of total customer accounts) and KZT 75,078 million (1.21% of total customer accounts), respectively, were due to the top twenty customers.

As at 31 December 2024 and 31 March 2025, customer accounts were predominately denominated in KZT, comprising 91% and 91%, respectively.

  • Share capital

The table below provides a reconciliation of the change in the number of authorised shares, issued and fully paid shares, treasury shares and shares outstanding:

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

Authorised shares Issued and fully paid shares Treasury shares Shares outstanding
Common shares
1 January 2024 216,742,000 199,500,000 (10,166,535) 189,333,465
ADS options exercised (Note 15) - - 747,178 747,178
GDR buyback program - - (64,914) (64,914)
31 December 2024 216,742,000 199,500,000 (9,484,271) 190,015,729
ADS options exercised (Note 15) - - 768,793 768,793
31 March 2025 216,742,000 199,500,000 (8,715,478) 190,784,522

The Group accounts for GDRs repurchased in Treasury Shares component of Share Capital.

One GDR represents one share.

The following table summarizes the details of the GDR buyback programs:

Start date Maturity <br>date Number of GDRs acquired Total<br><br>amount paid
1st buy-back program 22 April 2022 21 July 2022 998,429 22,841
2nd buy-back program 22 July 2022 21 October 2022 788,153 21,325
3rd buy-back program 22 October 2022 24 February 2023 1,131,380 38,474
4th buy-back program 22 March 2023 21 July 2023 531,995 18,740
5th buy-back program 22 July 2023 21 October 2023 283,689 12,614
6th buy-back program 22 October 2023 16 January 2024 303,286 13,233
31 March 2025 4,036,932 127,227

The Company made certain amendments to its Deposit Agreement, pursuant to which, among others, it renamed Regulation S GDRs as ADSs, which amendments became effective on 18 January 2024. Pursuant to the amendments, the Company has an Amended Level III ADS Deposit Agreement among the Company, the Depositary and the Owners and Holders of ADSs, and an Amended Rule 144A GDR Deposit Agreement between the Company and the Depositary.

The table below provides a reconciliation of the change in outstanding share capital fully paid:

Issued and<br><br>fully paid shares Treasury <br>shares Total
31 December 2023 130,144 (152,001) (21,857)
ADS options exercised - 3,332 3,332
GDR buyback program - (2,852) (2,852)
31 December 2024 130,144 (151,521) (21,377)
ADS options exercised - 3,429 3,429
Balance at 31 March 2025 130,144 (148,092) (17,948)

All shares are KZT denominated. The Group has one class of common shares which carry no right to fixed dividend.

During the three months ended 31 March 2024 and 2025, the Group declared dividends of

KZT 850 and KZT Nil per ordinary share for the total amount of KZT 161,514 million and

KZT Nil, respectively.

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

  • Share-based compensation

In 2023, the share option program was expanded to include more senior executives and other core Group personnel. The share-based awards are used to attract, incentivize and retain employees over the long-term by the management of the Group.

Share-based compensation expense

According to IFRS 2, this accelerates the recognition of compensation expenses resulting in a higher proportion of expenses being recognised in the early years of overall plan.

ADS Options

The fair value of ADS options at the date of grant is determined using the Black-Scholes model. The fair value determined at the grant date is expensed over the five-year vesting period, based on the Group’s estimate of the number of ADS options that will eventually vest. Recipients of ADS options are entitled to receive dividends once ADS options vested and exercised.

The inputs into the Black-Scholes model are as follows:

31 December<br><br>2024 31 March<br><br>2025
Black-Scholes model inputs:
Weighted average share price in USD 68.4 92.7
Expected volatility 42.1% 39.4%
Risk-free rate 4.3% 5.3%
Dividend yield 7.0% 6.5%

Expected volatility is based on the historical share price volatility over the past 3 years.

The following table summarizes the details of the ADS options outstanding:

31 December 2024<br><br>(ADSs) 31 March<br><br>2025<br><br>(ADSs)
Outstanding at the beginning of the period 2,202,438 1,598,230
Granted 142,970 -
Forfeited - (1,962)
Exercised (747,178) (768,793)
Expired - -
Outstanding at the end of the period 1,598,230 827,475

The following table represents Share-based compensation reserve outstanding:

Share-Based<br><br>Compensation reserve
1 January 2024 34,810
ADS options accrued 16,963
ADS options exercised (19,999)
31 December 2024 31,774
ADS options accrued 2,161
ADS options exercised (19,281)
31 March 2025 14,654

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

  • Fair value of financial instruments

  • Fair value of financial instruments

IFRS Accounting Standards as issued by the IASB defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

  • Fair value of the Group's financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis

Some of the Group's financial assets and financial liabilities are measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period. The following table gives information about how the fair values of these financial assets and financial liabilities are determined (in particular, the valuation technique(s) and inputs used).

Financial assets/financial liabilities Fair value<br><br>as at<br><br>31 December<br><br>2024 Fair value as at<br><br>31 March<br><br>2025 Fair value hierarchy Valuation technique(s) and <br>key input(s)
Non-derivative financial assets at FVTOCI (Note 10) 22,898 23,486 Level 1 Quoted prices in an active market.
Non-derivative financial assets at FVTOCI (Note 10) 1,463,463 1,201,165 Level 2 Quoted prices in markets that are not active.
Non-derivative financial assets at FVTOCI (Note 10) 3,261 3,318 Level 3 DCF method with weighted average discount ratio 14.1%
Unlisted equity investments classified as financial assets at FVTOCI<br><br>(Note 10) 60 60 Level 3 Adjusted net assets based on most recent published financial statements of unlisted companies with discount for marketability and liquidity. Discount ratios varies from 10% to 30%.
Derivative financial assets (Note 10) 17,149 6,835 Level 2 DCF method. Future cash flows are estimated based on forward exchange rates (from observable forward exchange rates at the end of the reporting period) and contract forward rates, discounted at a rate that reflects the credit risk of various counterparties.
Investment funds at FVPTL (Note 10) - 5,481 Level 2 Quoted prices in markets that are not active.
Derivative financial liabilities (Note 10) 262 609 Level 2 DCF method. Future cash flows are estimated based on forward exchange rates (from observable forward exchange rates at the end of the reporting period) and contract forward rates, discounted at a rate that reflects the credit risk of various counterparties.

As at 31 December 2024, the fair value of the investment securities in Level 2 includes short-term and long-term sovereign debt securities of KZT 356,712 million and KZT 820,340 million, respectively.

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

As at 31 March 2025, the fair value of the investment securities in Level 2 includes short-term and long-term sovereign debt securities of KZT 251,878 million and KZT 712,150 million, respectively. Those investment securities are by nature and for regulatory purposes treated as high quality liquid assets, but are classified as Level 2 due to insufficient trading on regulated market.

The reconciliation of Level 3 fair value measurements of financial assets is presented as follows:

Fair value through other comprehensive<br><br>income
Unquoted debt securities Total
1 January 2025 3,261 3,261
Total gains or losses:
- in profit or loss - -
- in other comprehensive income 58 58
Purchases - -
Issues - -
Disposals/settlements - -
Transfer into level 3 - -
Transfers out of level 3 - -
31 March 2025 3,319 3,319

During the three months ended 31 March 2025, there were no transfers between Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3.

  • Fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities that are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis (but fair value disclosures are required).

Except as detailed in the following table, management of the Group considers that the carrying amount of financial assets and financial liabilities recognised in the consolidated financial statements approximate their fair values.

31 December 2024
Carrying<br><br>amount Fair<br><br>value Fair value<br><br>hierarchy
Due from banks 37,908 37,330 Level 2
Loans to customers 5,746,600 5,663,357 Level 3
Due to banks 24,474 24,474 Level 2
Customer accounts 6,561,950 6,515,258 Level 2
Debt securities issued 51,050 49,838 Level 2
Subordinated debt 62,416 60,645 Level 2
31 March 2025
--- --- --- ---
Carrying<br><br>amount Fair<br><br>value Fair value<br><br>hierarchy
Due from banks 36,862 36,325 Level 2
Loans to customers 6,056,135 5,883,709 Level 3
Due to banks 208,791 208,791 Level 2
Customer accounts 6,203,639 6,159,908 Level 2
Debt securities issued 340,475 338,450 Level 2
Subordinated debt 60,692 60,123 Level 2

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

Assets and liabilities for which fair value approximates carrying value

For financial assets and liabilities that have a short-term maturity (less than 3 months), it is assumed that the carrying amounts approximate to their fair value. This assumption is also applied to demand deposits and savings accounts without a maturity.

Due from banks

The estimated fair value of term due from banks is determined by discounting the contractual cash flows using interest rates currently offered for due from banks with similar terms.

Loans to customers

Loans to individual customers are made at fixed rates. The fair value of fixed rate loans has been estimated by reference to the market rates available at the reporting date for loans with similar maturity profile.

Due to banks

The estimated fair value of due to banks is determined by discounting the contractual cash flows using interest rates currently offered for due to banks with similar terms.

Customer accounts

The estimated fair value of term deposits is determined by discounting contractual cash flows using interest rates currently offered for deposits with similar terms. For current accounts which are non-interest bearing, the Group considers fair value to equal carrying value, which is equivalent to the amount payable on the balance sheet date.

Debt securities issued, subordinated debt

Debt securities issued and subordinated debt are valued using quoted prices.

In March 2025, the Group issued debt securities totaling USD 650 million at a fixed rate of 6.25% per annum and maturing in 2030.

Assets and liabilities for which fair value approximates carrying value

For financial assets and liabilities that have a short-term maturity (less than 3 months), it is assumed that the carrying amounts approximate to their fair value. This assumption is also applied to demand deposits and savings accounts without a maturity.

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

  • Transactions with related parties

In considering each possible related party relationship, attention is directed to the substance of the relationship, and not merely the legal form. The Group had the following transactions outstanding with related parties:

31 December 2024 31 March 2025
Transactions with related parties Total<br><br>category<br><br>as per<br><br>financial statements captions Transactions with related parties Total<br><br>category<br><br>as per<br><br>financial statements captions
Consolidated statements of financial position
Loans to customers 1,103 6,042,443 920 6,374,689
- entities controlled by the key management personnel of the Group 1,103 920
Allowance for impairment losses on loans to customers - (295,843) - (318,554)
- entities controlled by the key management personnel of the Group - -
Other assets 1,955 106,094 2,698 181,718
- entities controlled by the key management personnel of the Group 1,955 2,698
Customer accounts 12,120 6,561,950 14,464 6,203,639
- entities controlled by the key management personnel of the Group 2,846 2,062
- key management personnel of the Group 9,146 12,325
- other related parties 128 77
Other liabilities 963 81,896 2,534 412,894
- entities controlled by the key management personnel of the Group 963 2,533
- key management personnel of the Group - 1

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

31 March 2024 31 March 2025
Transactions with related parties Total <br>category <br>as per financial statements caption Transactions with related parties Total <br>category <br>as per <br>financial statements caption
Consolidated Statements of Profit or Loss
Net fee revenue 971 275,152 1,061 353,741
- entities controlled by the key management personnel of the Group 944 1,018
- key management personnel <br>of the Group 27 43
Interest revenue 56 240,301 51 327,964
- other related parties 56 51
COSTS AND OPERATING EXPENSES
Interest expense (254) (145,499) (256) (183,067)
- entities controlled by the key management personnel of the Group - (10)
- key management personnel of the Group (253) (245)
- other related parties (1) (1)
Transaction expenses (5) (6,331) (62) (7,786)
- entities controlled by the key management personnel of the Group (5) (62)
Cost of goods and services (1,935) (63,078) (1,786) (200,977)
- entities controlled by the key management personnel of the Group (1,935) (1,786)

During the three months ended 31 March 2024 and 2025, the total value of goods purchased from entities controlled by the key management personnel was KZT 1,793 million and

KZT 1,740 million, respectively, from which KZT 1,726 million and KZT 1,679 million, respectively, was recognised in cost of goods and services.

During the three months ended 31 March 2024 and 2025, the total value of Property, equipment and intangible assets purchased from entities controlled by the key management personnel was KZT Nil and KZT 75 million, respectively.

Compensation to directors and other members of key management is presented as follows:

Three months ended<br><br>31 March 2024 Three months ended<br><br>31 March 2025
Transactions with related parties Total category as per financial statements captions Transactions with related parties Total category as per financial statements captions
Compensation to key management personnel:
Employee benefits (104) (24,796) (139) (44,710)
Share-based compensation (454) (3,889) (10) (2,161)

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

  • Regulatory matters

The management of Kaspi Bank JSC (“the Bank” - subsidiary of the Company) monitors capital adequacy ratio based on requirements of standardised approach of Basel Committee of Banking Supervision “Basel III: A global regulatory framework for more resilient banks and banking systems” (December 2010, updated in June 2011).

The capital adequacy ratios calculated on the basis of the Bank’s consolidated financial statements under Basel III with updated RWA methodology are presented in the following table:

31 December<br><br>2024 31 March 2025
Tier 1 capital (k1.2) 17.6% 18.8%
Total capital (k.2) 18.3% 18.8%

The Bank complies with NBRK’s capital requirements. The minimum regulatory capital adequacy requirements are 6.5% for k1.2 and 8% for k.2, excluding a conservation buffer of 3% and systemic buffer of 1% for each.

The following table presents the Bank’s capital adequacy ratios in accordance with the NBRK requirements:

31 December<br><br>2024 31 March<br><br>2025
Tier 1 capital (k1.2) 12.6% 12.5%
Total capital (k.2) 12.7% 12.6%
  • Business combination

During the period ended 31 March 2025 we entered into select strategic alliance and potential strategic acquisition that is complementary to our business and operations, including opportunities that we believe can help us further improve growth across all our platforms and strong financial performance. The Group acquired 65.41% share in Hepsiburada on 29 January 2025.

The initial accounting for the acquisition of Hepsiburada has only been provisionally determined at the end of the reporting period. The main reason for being provisional is related to the reasonable time needed to obtain all of the information necessary to identify and measure net assets acquired, liabilities assumed and resulting goodwill, including the valuation of the acquired intangible assets. At the date of finalization of these interim condensed consolidated financial information, the necessary market valuations and other calculations had not been finalised and they have therefore only been provisionally determined based on the Group management’s best estimate.

Joint Stock Company Kaspi.kz

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (continued)

For the Three months ended 31 March 2025 (Unaudited)

(in millions of KZT)

The amounts recognised in respect of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed as at the date of acquisition are set out in the table below:

ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents 43,962
Financial assets at FVTPL 3,492
Due from banks 1,924
Loans to customers 11,104
Property, equipment and intangible assets 79,540
Inventory 101,431
Other assets 79,419
TOTAL ASSETS 320,872
Due to banks 15,685
Trade liabilities 208,877
Other liabilities 46,411
TOTAL LIABILITIES 270,973
Total identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed 49,899

The non-controlling interest recognised at the acquisition date was measured by reference to the fair value and amounted to KZT 17,260 million.

Goodwill on acquisition

Consideration transferred 309,678
Deferred Cash Consideration (recognised in Other liabilities) 271,972
Plus: Non-controlling interests 17,260
Less: Fair value of identifiable net assets acquired (49,899)
Goodwill on acquisition 549,011

Based on a provisional assessment of net assets, the Group has recognised goodwill on the acquisition transaction which amounted to KZT 549,011 million. The goodwill is primarily related to trademark, customer base, sales growth from future product and service offerings, new customers and expected synergies from the combination, together with certain intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition. None of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.

The acquired business contributed revenues of KZT 147,379 million and net loss of

KZT 5,461 million to the Group for the period from 29 January 2025 to 31 March 2025. If the acquisition had occurred on 1 January 2025, consolidated pro-forma revenue and net loss for the period ended 31 March 2025 would have been KZT 218,801 million and KZT 4,719 million, respectively.

  • Subsequent events

The management is not aware of any material events subsequent to the reporting period.