Hut 8 Corp. Q1 FY2024 Earnings Call

Good morning and welcome to Hut 8’s Q1 2024 financial results conference call. After today’s presentation, there will be an opportunity to ask questions. Please note this event is being recorded and a transcript will be available on Hut 8’s website. In addition to the press release issued earlier today, you can find Hut 8’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q on the company’s website at www.hut8.com, under the company’s EDGAR profile at www.sec.com, and under the company’s SEDAR+ profile at www.sedarplus.ca. Unless otherwise noted, all amounts referred to during this call are denominated in U.S. dollars. Any comments made during this call may include forward-looking statements within the meaning of applicable securities laws regarding Hut 8 Corp. and its subsidiaries. The statements may reflect current expectations and as such are subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations. These risks and uncertainties include but are not limited to factors discussed in Hut 8’s Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as well as the company’s other continuous disclosure documents. Except as required by applicable law, Hut 8 undertakes no obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statements. During the call, management may also make reference to certain non-GAAP measures that are not separately defined under GAAP, such as adjusted EBITDA. Management believes that non-GAAP measures taken in conjunction with GAAP financial measures provides useful information to both management and investors. Reconciliations between GAAP and non-GAAP results are presented in the tables accompanying the press release, which can be viewed on Hut 8’s website. I would now like to turn the call over to Asher Genoot, CEO of Hut 8.

Thank you and good morning everyone. It has been a privilege to lead Hut 8 for the last three months. When I became CEO in February, I launched a comprehensive restructuring program designed to bring the operating rigor of U.S. Bitcoin Corp. to the new Hut 8. Since then, I have methodically and meticulously drilled down into every facet of the business in an effort to drive efficiencies, increase profitability, and set the business on a new trajectory. We have centered Hut 8 on operating excellence and bottom line economics, making the difficult but necessary decisions to position the business for long term success. While strengthening this foundation is an ongoing commitment, I’d like to share some highlights from the first quarter. In our digital assets mining or self-mining segment, we streamlined and optimized our operations by shutting down our under-performing Drumheller site, retiring inefficient machines, initiating the relocation of our fleet from hosted to owned facilities, and beginning the implementation of our proprietary energy curtailment software across our sites. In our managed services segment, we signed a four-year partnership with Ionic Digital and began managing the construction and operation of its West Texas facilities. In our high performance computing or HPC segment, we completed our initial review of the business and executed initiatives to strengthen financial performance, which included sunsetting unprofitable products and reducing operating expenses. At an organizational level, we have restructured our leadership team, eliminated redundant and underperforming roles, and initiated an ongoing budget review process with the goal of further reducing our overhead expenses. Going forward, we will remain lean and focused on areas where we can build and sustain competitive moats, allocating resources thoughtfully while investing aggressively to build best-in-class talent, technology, and infrastructure design, construction and operating capabilities. With that, I’ll turn to our results for the quarter, which reflect the combined company’s performance for the full period. Note that the results for the comparison period reflect U.S. Bitcoin Corp’s performance as a standalone business prior to the merger. Our revenue for the quarter was $51.7 million, up 231% from the prior year. Nearly 25% of this revenue came from our managed services and HPC segments, both of which generate recurring fiat revenue streams that reduce the downside risk of bitcoin exposure in our mining business. Net income attributable to Hut 8 for the quarter was $250.9 million versus $17.3 million in the prior year, and adjusted EBITDA was $297 million versus $11.1 million in the prior year. Like many of our peers, we benefited from the early adoption of the new FASB fair value accounting rules. Our average cost of mining bitcoin excluding hosted facilities was $20,419. Our average cost of mining bitcoin including hosted facilities was $24,594. Importantly, as of March 31, we have ended all self-mining operations at hosted facilities and now only mine at our own facilities, giving us a higher level of control over our fleet and operating costs moving forward. The increase in our cost to mine this period was driven primarily by higher network difficulty, which nearly doubled year-over-year. Driving down our all-in cost to mine through both direct cost reduction and revenue diversification remains a priority. Analysis from Cantor Fitzgerald’s latest cost per coin report validates our dual approach. In the fourth quarter of 2023, Cantor estimated that we had the third lowest all-in cost to mine among the 14 miners analyzed. As I shared last quarter, we are focused on two pillars of growth: strengthening and growing our self-mining business and continuing to diversify our broader business. Since the close of the quarter, we have made significant headway on both pillars. In our digital assets mining segment, we’ve brought 63 megawatts of new capacity online after energizing our Salt Creek site and completing the relocation of our fleet to owned facilities. We did so just over three months after breaking ground at an expected all-in cost of less than $275,000 per megawatt. Our projections continue to indicate that our cost to mine at the site will be 30% lower than our cost to mine at former hosted facilities at Kearney and Granbury. In our managed services segment, we completed the initial energization of Ionic’s 215 megawatt Cedarvale site. We also began the transition of operating responsibilities at four additional West Texas sites owned by Ionic totaling 87 megawatts and plan on assuming full operating responsibility of the site in the third quarter. After completing transition-related activities at Kearney and Granbury, we are now entitled to an early termination fee of $13.5 million from the new owner of the sites. Lastly in our HPC segment, we launched our new AI vertical under GPU as a service model. We have executed the purchase order of our first cluster of 1,000 NVIDIA H100 GPUs and secured a customer agreement with a venture-backed AI cloud platform, which provides for fixed infrastructure payments plus revenue sharing. With engineering efforts now well underway, I’m thrilled to share that we expect this cluster to begin generating revenue in the second half of the year at a forecasted annual run rate of approximately $20 million. Our conviction is that building lasting shareholder value requires disciplined capital allocation. To that end, we continue to maintain a robust liquid balance sheet that enables us to explore creative financing approaches and prioritize non-dilutive sources of funding whenever possible. We closed the quarter with 9,103 bitcoin in our treasury, representing a market value of approximately $650 million as of March 31. Speaking of growth, I’d like to share our long-term vision and how it informs our strategy today, then I’ll detail the investments we are making as we prepare to scale our platform in the coming quarters. Simply put, we are committed to building a company that endures for decades to come. Today, we believe bitcoin mining generates the highest return on investment into large scale stranded load interconnection assets. However, we also see a massive opportunity in the broader energy infrastructure sector as demand grows across new use cases like AI. While we remain intently focused on and invested in bitcoin mining, our vision is to build a platform that can address new technologies and energy use cases with the largest market opportunity and best return profile, both today and in the future. Achieving this vision requires a portfolio of assets that is competitive not only in mining but also in other verticals. This means we are incredibly selective in the opportunities we pursue and will not chase short-lived stock appreciation by developing sites that are not competitive in the long term. We will continue to underwrite investments with rigor, maintain a high hurdle rate for return on invested capital, and execute decisively on opportunities that we believe position us for enduring market leadership. We are confident in this approach because it has enabled us to build a robust pipeline of expansion capacity of more than 1,100 megawatts under exclusivity as of the end of the quarter. In an environment where sourcing new capacity is extremely competitive due to the growing shortage of load interconnection assets, we believe our ability to source these opportunities is a direct reflection of the depth of our energy expertise and the differentiated value proposition we are bringing to our partners. Historically, bitcoin miners have taken off-the-shelf retail tariffs and commercial power supply agreements to secure load capacity. Our strategy is different. We identify areas where bitcoin mining can solve underlying market inefficiencies for energy infrastructure partners and the system as a whole. We then work with counterparties to design highly customized structures that enable us to extract value for solving these inefficiencies. These opportunities are primarily greenfield development projects where we can bring our market-leading infrastructure development capabilities to the table. We believe our track record of building sites quickly and cost effectively without sacrificing quality has differentiated us from our peers and enabled us to secure a large pipeline of greenfield opportunities. Ultimately, the implication is that the opportunities in our pipeline are complex, resulting in long lead times, the involvement of many stakeholders, and intensive regulatory processes. Given the confidential nature of these discussions, we cannot share more detail today; however, we understand the importance of providing an outlook on growth and we look forward to sharing more when we have committed projects to announce. Building a sustainable competitive advantage in energy requires a deep nuanced understanding of the energy markets. Our corporate development team, led by a founding member of Nexterra’s former digital infrastructure practice, has more than 60 years of collective experience across leading names in energy, such as NRG, Acciona, JP Morgan, Citigroup Energy, and GE Capital. Our strategy is also shaped by the members of our board of directors, who have leveraged their deep experience in relevant industries to help guide our plans for future growth. Mayo Shattuck III, for example, is the former Chairman of Exelon, the largest electric utility company in the U.S., and the former Chairman, President and CEO of Constellation Energy, the largest producer of carbon-free energy in the U.S. Stanley O’Neal, as another example, is the former CEO of Merrill Lynch and a Director of Clearway Energy, one of the largest renewable energy producers in the U.S. Both Mayo and Stan were early investors in U.S. Bitcoin Corp. and along with the rest of our talented board have a vested interest in the success of our business. As I shared earlier, we have begun making strategic investments to prepare to scale our platform, specifically in areas where we can build and sustain competitive moats. The first area of investment is the expansion of our internal development team. Maintaining control over the development of our sites enables us to control build timeline, cost and quality. We continuously apply the lessons we have learned in operating a portfolio of nearly 27 exahash with the goal of optimizing the design and performance of our assets while maintaining a lean cost structure. We believe the speed, cost effectiveness and quality of our site development is a key competitive advantage as potential partners evaluate Hut 8. To that end, we aim to more than double the size of our engineering, procurement and construction organizations from 8 to 20 in the coming months as we prepare to build new sites. Given the scale of our pipeline, we believe the potential for cost savings under this strategy are significant. Even with the increase in headcount we are targeting, our internal development team is expected to cost a fraction of the general contractor fees required to build a pipeline of this scale. Ultimately, our goal is to sharpen the competitive edge we have created in infrastructure development, driving continued access to what we believe are the most attractive growth opportunities in the market. The second area of investment is technology. Having built a portfolio of 12 gigawatts under management as of the end of April, we have learned the value of scalable data-driven operating processes. Software automation is a core element of our operating philosophy because it enables us to scale our footprint efficiently while maintaining a premium on asset management and visibility. As we prepare for the significant growth of our platform across new markets and use cases, we are doubling down on our commitment to build and deploy best-in-class operating technology to optimize our operations. Our investments will fund the continued development of a sophisticated modular software suite with robust product management and data science functions. Without question, we believe our strategies will position us for market leadership first in bitcoin mining, then the broader energy infrastructure sector. With our commitment to disciplined capital allocation focused on non-dilutive sources of funding and exceptional opportunities, we are more confident than ever that we are building a business that endures for generations and delivers lasting shareholder value. With that, I’ll turn it over to Shenif.

Thank you Asher. Before we review the financial results, I wanted to remind you that U.S. Bitcoin Corp. was deemed the accounting acquirer in the merger and as a result, the historical figures in our income statement for Q1 2023 reflect U.S. Bitcoin’s standalone performance. Results for Q1 2024, however, reflect the performance of the combined company. With respect to our balance sheet, Q1 2024 will be compared to year-end 2023, both of which reflect the combined company’s performance. Turning now to our results, we generated revenue of $51.7 million in the current period versus $15.6 million in the prior year period, which represents a $36.1 million increase. The year-over-year increase was driven by growth in our digital assets mining and managed services segment. Digital assets mining revenue was $30.4 million for the current period versus $7.6 million for the prior year period. Revenue growth was due to an increase in bitcoin mined and an appreciation of the average price per bitcoin mined from approximately $23,400 during the prior year period to approximately $51,300 during the current quarter. Managed services revenue was $9.2 million in the current period versus $5.1 million in the prior year period and includes $7.8 million from fees and $1.4 million in cost reimbursement, versus $2.9 million from fees and $2.6 million in cost reimbursement in the prior year period. The growth in managed services revenue is mainly due to our managed services agreement with Ionic Digital, which was signed at the end of January 2024. The current quarter includes two months of revenue from this new agreement. High performance computing, co-location and cloud revenue was $3.3 million for the current period. The revenue for this segment relates to the legacy Hut 8 business which was acquired as part of the merger with Hut 8 Mining Corp, and as a result, the prior period includes no revenue from this segment. Other revenue was $8.8 million for the current period versus $2.5 million in the prior year period. Current period other revenue consists of hosting services revenue including cost reimbursement of $4.4 million, equipment sales of $3.7 million, and $0.7 million of power revenues related to the newly acquired power plant in Ontario. Prior period other revenue of $2.5 million was driven by the recognition of deferred revenue on a hosting contract that was terminated at the prior site formerly owned by the company. I’ll now review our cost and expenses. Cost of revenue for digital assets mining for Q1 2024 was $16.6 million versus $6.1 million in the same prior year period. The increase of $10.5 million was driven primarily by an increase in electricity and hosting costs from additional miners online, including miners acquired as part of the business combination agreement, and nearly three months of hosted self-mining activity at Kearney and Granbury sites versus less than one month of activity in the prior year period. Cost of revenues for managed services for the current period was $2.8 million versus $2.4 million in the prior year period. The cost of revenue primarily consists of reversible payroll and other site operating costs. The $0.4 million increase was driven by a $0.8 million increase in reimbursable payroll costs offset by a $0.5 million decrease in other site operating costs. Managed services gross margins were 70% in the current period versus 57% in the prior year period. Cost of revenues for high performing computing, co-location and cloud for the current period was $2.6 million and nil in the prior year period. Finally, cost of revenue for other for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $6.2 million and consisted primarily of $3.3 million in costs of hosting services revenue, $2 million in cost of equipment sold, and $0.9 million in the cost of power revenues. Cost of revenue for other for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was less than $0.1 million and consisted primarily of cost of hosting services revenue. Depreciation and amortization expense was $11.5 million for the current period versus $2.9 million for the prior year period. The increase was primarily driven by property and equipment acquired as part of the merger and an increase in the number of miners at our U.S. site. Additionally, during the quarter ended March 31, 2024, management performed a review of the operating efficiency and profitability of its mining fleet, which resulted in a change in the expected useful life of some of its mining equipment. The result was an increase in depreciation expense of $2.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. General and administrative expenses were $20 million for the current period versus $6.4 million for the prior year period. The increase in SG&A was driven by a $3.4 million increase in stock-based compensation, $2.9 million in restructuring costs due to our optimization initiative during the quarter, $1.4 million in expenses related to the Far North transaction, a $2.7 million increase in salary and benefits due to headcount added as part of the merger and additional team members brought on to support the business, and a $3.2 million increase in other SG&A acquired as part of the merger. Gains on digital assets were $274.6 million for the current period and nil for the prior year period. The increase was due to the adoption of the FASB fair value accounting rules, which requires us to recognize our digital assets at fair value with changes recognized in net income during the reporting period. The price of bitcoin on December 31, 2023 was $42,288 versus $71,289 on March 31, 2024, such that the increase in bitcoin prices during the quarter resulted in a gain of $274.6 million. Other expenses totaled $4.2 million for the current period versus other income of $19.4 million for the prior year period. The decrease of $23.6 million was primarily due to gain on debt extinguishment in the prior period. This was partially offset by an increase in equity and earnings of an unconsolidated joint venture of $1.2 million during the current period versus the prior year period. Loss from discontinued operations was $7.6 million in the current period compared to nil in the prior year period. On March 6, 2024, we announced the closure of our Drumheller site in Alberta, Canada in connection with our restructuring and optimization initiative designed to strengthen financial performance. Of the $7.6 million loss, the impairment of long-term assets contributed $6.1 million and the remaining $1.5 million was from other operational activities. Next, I will turn to net income. Net income attributable to Hut 8 Corp. for the current period was $250.9 million versus $17.3 million in the prior year period. We previously opted for early adoption of the new FASB fair value accounting rules, which resulted in a gain of $274.6 million for the current period. Excluding the revaluation of our bitcoin holdings to fair value, we would have recorded a net loss of $23.7 million. This reflects the impact of various one-time expenses incurred as part of our restructuring program, including $7.6 million related to the shutdown of Drumheller, $2.9 million in restructuring charges, and a $2.7 million charge related to the retirement of inefficient miners. The prior year period net income attributable to Hut 8 Corp. of $17.3 million included a gain from debt extinguishment of $23.7 million. Turning now to adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA for the period was $297 million versus $11.1 million in the prior year period, an improvement of $285.8 million. Excluding the gain from fair value in our bitcoin stack, adjusted EBITDA would have been $22.4 million for the current period. The improvement versus prior year period is due to higher margins in the digital assets mining and managed services segments. Finally, I’ll discuss our balance sheet. Our balance sheet remains healthy. We closed the quarter with $11.5 million in cash. In Q1 2024, we paid for our substation in Culberson County, began building our now fully energized 63 megawatt Salt Creek site, and made our first payment related to our investments in Ionic Digital. These activities were funded with cash on hand. Our bitcoin holdings are marked at fair value and totaled $648.9 million as at March 31, 2024, based on 9,102 bitcoin held in reserve. Of this total, 7,230 bitcoin valued at $515.4 million remained unencumbered at the end of the quarter. Our total debt was $177.6 million as at March 31, 2024. During the quarter, we took an additional draw of $50 million from our coin-based loan, bringing our total amount outstanding to $64.8 million. We also paid off a third party note for $11.5 million during the period. Of our $177.6 million of total debt outstanding, $112.8 million is project-level debt to be repaid based on a suite of cash generated at the project level with no minimum monthly repayment. Lastly, our Q1 2024 balance sheet includes the assets and liabilities related to the newly acquired Validus assets. We continue to explore a range of strategic options for these assets. As Asher shared earlier, our results this quarter reflect the impact of an extensive restructuring program designed to set a new standard of operating rigor for Hut 8. While we continue to identify opportunities to drive efficiencies and reduce costs across the business, we believe we have taken meaningful steps towards achieving profitable long term growth. As we turn our focus to executing on our pipeline of opportunities, we remain committed to maintaining a strong liquid balance sheet, prioritizing non-dilutive sources of funding, and allocating capital with an unwavering focus on maximizing shareholder value. That concludes my commentary. I will turn the call back to our Operator.

Thank you. Our first question comes from Joseph Vafi with Canaccord. Your line is open.

Good morning, everyone. I appreciate the information shared today. I have a couple of questions. First, Asher, when your curtailment software is fully implemented, what kind of efficiency gains do you anticipate compared to current operations, assuming we experience similar weather conditions as last year? I will have a follow-up question after this.

Yes, sure. Thanks Joe. Our software curtails the machine based on the efficiency of the machine and based on the energy grid, right? In some grids, we basically have lots and power purchase agreements where we have a behind-the-meter, as-produced energy generation PPA, and in some grids we play with index. There are other sites that we have, like the sites in Canada, where part of it is behind the meter relation and part of it is grid. Our software, we’ve built algorithms around it where, based on the dynamics of that specific facility, it will curtail the site in the specific machines based on the energy dynamics. We feel very confident in our ability to continue doing that and continuing to drive costs and to drive overall cost of energy down with that. The example that I used historically is when you look at the year of 2023 and you look at West Texas, which is where our new Salt Creek site is, if you look last year, the average cost of power if you were to run 24/7 was about $0.059, but if you use our curtailment software and if you just looked at curtailment of anything above $90 a megawatt hour based on hash prices, and you curtailed about 8.6% of the time, that drops your average cost of energy from $0.059 to $0.026, so it’s a pretty strong reduction of over 56% with just under 9% of curtailment. We look at continuing to develop and continue to implement and strengthen our curtailment software. We’re running the software that we have, that’s been very effective across the sites that we have, and I think that is also a big competitive advantage when we look at some of the projects in the pipeline. We talked about 1,100 megawatts in the pipeline, I think this operational capability and this comfort around curtailing around price, risk and volatility is what gives some of our partners comfort as well, that we come and we’re supportive to their grid and their ecosystems around them flowing energy when other people need it as well.

That’s great color, thanks. Then it’s great to hear that you’re ramped in the AI business with line of sight to revenue here. Are you ordering more GPUs at this point, or are you going to wait and implement and get up and running before you would continue to expand that business? Thanks a lot.

Yes, we haven’t shared any additional orders that we’ve put into the pipeline yet, but as we look at expanding and building business verticals and as we go through this restructuring, a key focus is really spending time and bandwidth on areas that we can compete and scale and compound the value and knowledge that we gain. We’re excited for this first cluster to come in and to be revenue generating, and we’re excited for the growth of that business unit as well.

One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from Bill Papanastasiou with Stifel. Your line is open.

Hey, good morning everyone, and thanks for taking my questions. For the first one, apologies if I missed this earlier on the call, but I’m curious to hear how management is thinking about a fleet upgrade following the recent halving event and just generally weaker mining economics.

Thank you, Bill. Our revenue increased significantly from $15.6 million in Q1 of '23 to $51.7 million, with self-mining growing from $7.6 million to $30.4 million. During the quarter, we made some restructuring changes, including shutting down Drumheller and retiring older efficiency machines. Currently, despite hash prices fluctuating around $0.05, we are mining profitably. If your average efficiency is between 30 and 32 at that price, your revenue is approximately $65 to $70 per megawatt. Our average energy cost at self-mining sites in Q1 was roughly $0.04, influenced by our restructuring efforts. Since I took over on February 7, we have been focused on maintaining cash flow positivity and ensuring we never mine at a loss. This relates to our earlier discussion regarding the curtailment software. Regarding our new mining fleet, we are closely monitoring the markets and engaging with key manufacturers about their production timelines and our scaling efforts. In the last earnings call, I mentioned upcoming efficiency machines, and shortly after, Bitmain announced the S21 probes, which reinforces that statement. We predict that efficiencies will improve this year, and our primary goal is megawatt expansion and new growth rather than merely retiring existing machines. We still see potential for cash flow from our current machines rather than selling them at low cost in the secondary market. We are focused on how to achieve new growth while being ready to order machines when the price and efficiency align. However, gaining access to new megawatts will be a challenge not just for us but across the industry, particularly due to the soaring demand in the data center segment driven by AI. As new facilities come online, our strategy will involve maximizing those rack spaces with our fully utilized machines.

Great, appreciate the color. Then just as a follow-up to that, has the appetite to tap the bitcoin stack increased at all? Obviously you guys have over 9,000 bitcoin, you’ve been sitting on it, and I believe you mentioned that you continue to see bitcoin mining as one of the best returns to shareholder value. Just curious if you have any thoughts on that.

Yes, most definitely. When I took over, I shared that basically the strategy of just holding bitcoin and not looking at it for growth and accretive growth has been reassessed, and that we’ll look at using bitcoin to increase the yield on the returns that we get from the bitcoin that we have and potentially swap exposure in terms of investing in net new growth. Salt Creek was an example of that, where we were prepared to swap some of our bitcoin exposure into building a new facility to drive costs down; however, because we have strong cash flows, we were able to fund a lot of the growth of Salt Creek, and again, the site is fully energized. We started developing in February, and we got it fully online in April, and all of that was through the cash flow of the operations of the business. In the scenarios where we can fund growth through operations of the business, we’ll continue to do so, and when there are really accretive opportunities where we believe that the exposure and levered exposure on a specific asset or investment will exceed the stack we have today. As you all know, it’s not a surprise, but today our stock is still trading relatively close in terms of value to our bitcoin stack, so we’re closely monitoring our cost of equity and the different levers we have deploying cash in order to fund these growth opportunities.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from George Sutton with Craig Hallum. Your line is open.

Thank you. Asher, I wonder if we could walk through the 1.1 gigawatts of opportunities in the sense that that was a number you gave a few months ago. I’m just curious if there have been any updates within that; in other words, have things moved in and out of that number, or has that remained the same? I’m also curious about the breadth of opportunities you’re looking at. You, I think, gave a compelling thought process around really broadening out to the broader energy market of opportunities. Can you just discuss the composition a little bit? Thanks.

Yes, definitely. Thank you, George. I mentioned over 1,100 megawatts, and we've chosen to be conservative by maintaining a larger headline number. Our team has been actively expanding our megawatt pipeline and building relationships. Earlier, I highlighted that Greg Irwin, who is part of Nexterra’s founding team in their digital infrastructure practice, is leading the team, and we have significant expertise among our energy professionals who have cultivated these connections. We've established a solid track record by operating two behind-the-meter sites—one at 300 megawatts and the other at 280 megawatts—collaborating with some of the largest energy companies in the U.S. Regarding our pipeline, we have additional megawatts that are further along than when we last communicated, and within the 1,100 megawatts, we've advanced them in terms of executability and likelihood of development. We look forward to providing more updates soon. When we launched this business—which, to clarify, was a merger between two entities, with Mike and me starting U.S. Bitcoin Corp.—there were two key theses we focused on: one related to crypto and the other to energy. On the crypto side, we aimed for increased adoption of bitcoin, believing that we could operate at a lower cost than the market and still profit, provided we thought bitcoin would remain relevant. From an energy perspective, we viewed this asset class as a flexible load, capable of utilizing low-cost power in areas where there are constraints and the ability to manage price risks. As we've expanded our platform, we now manage a significant amount of megawatts and have a proven pipeline and strong relationships with energy partners. We see the potential of this business extending beyond just bitcoin mining, which represents a certain level of energy consumption. Looking ahead, we believe that demand for power will continue to rise over the next decade, and the energy infrastructure we own will grow in value, while we gain returns from the business opportunities we pursue through these connections. Currently, we see our core business as an energy infrastructure company that links interconnection infrastructure to substantial loads and use cases. Our primary focus today includes bitcoin mining and high-density compute data centers, as this market is dynamic and growing, allowing us to innovate quickly and capture market share, unlike traditional low-density data centers where established players have existing advantages. We are enthusiastic about expanding in these areas and exploring new opportunities as commercialization evolves, while we believe both markets hold significant potential and capital is eager to tap into these opportunities, contributing to our growth.

Great. Just one other question on the GPU deal. I assume this was a reserve deal, and you mentioned that it’s fixed revenues plus a rev share, and I’m familiar with a lot of the deals in this space but I’m not familiar with rev share. Can you just talk about what’s unique about this deal, in your view?

When we looked at the markets, right now access to compute and access to chips is one bottleneck, and then access to the actual power and data centers is another, so we were able to solve those problems and get the chips on order and now delivering, and also the capacity from a data center perspective that is energized to actually provide the compute. When we look at the customer side, there is demand from different types of customers, right? You have the large enterprises, the small AI start-ups, and also different platform layers that we saw that were growing in scale. When we look at this first cluster, really for us, the first cluster was how do we really prove out this model and create a foundation to be able to scale this business unit. We apportioned more of a joint venture structure, where we thought that we could acquire more of the upside by having a revenue share structure to it, because some of it is on demand, which drives a higher premium rather than just locking in a fixed return profile. If you think about it, it’s similar to bitcoin mining, where you have a fixed base hosting rate and then you have some kind of revenue share on top of it. It allows you to have a much more levered return, especially with the dynamics that we’re seeing in the market and the demand profile that we’re seeing. We’re pretty sensitive on what we’ll share right now, because we think we can let the numbers speak for themselves and want to be thoughtful in how we’re strategically growing this business unit and being competitive, being thoughtful about what we’ll share and when, so we continue to maintain that strategy and moat.

One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from John Todaro with Needham. Your line is open.

Hey, great. Thanks for taking my questions here. I had two for you guys. I’ll start with the AI one, because it kind of segues from that last question you had. This cluster, is this going to be at third party data centers, and apologies if I missed it, or your own legacy cloud sites? If so, is there any additional capital expenditures that’s needed to go into the sites, either to accommodate this cluster or additional ones, if you put them in there?

Yes, so this first data center is going to a third-party data center, and that was primarily because when I took over, the data center division was kind of a part of the restructuring queue, going in and looking at the current business which primarily has historically had two segments, co-location and cloud. Co-location and cloud have been more historical businesses in terms of lower density compute and VMware, and so when we look at net new growth of high density data centers and we look at high density compute, like the GPU cluster, it’s growing and increasing the value that we have. For this first cluster, it was how do we minimize the execution risk and get revenue generating as quickly as possible. This was something very similar to what we did at U.S. Bitcoin when we first started and scaled. But as we’re diving into our current data center division, there is an opportunity to invest capex, to bring two of the five data centers to a place where we can have high density compute and be able to host some more GPU servers. As we’re looking at the market, when there’s available data center capacity, we’re trying to secure as much of that capacity as we can because we also know when that capacity dries up, that we have additional capacity ourselves that we can develop and grow as well.

Got it, that’s great. Thanks Asher. Then just one on the self-mining business, if I could. You kind of mentioned with curtailment, you can get power costs down about $0.02. This last quarter it was $0.04. Is it kind of fair to pencil in $0.03 to $0.04 kilowatt hour on average for the remainder of ’24, or is that a bit aggressive?

You’re saying from an energy perspective? Yes, so our average cost of energy this quarter for our self-mining sites was around $0.04, and that was pre-retirement of sites like Drumheller, and pre-implementation of the curtailment software at Medicine Hat, so that is definitely within our target, and as we look at net new sites, that’s the range. We’re not really interested in sites above that range. I can’t predict forward-looking energy prices, but we’re pretty confident in our curtailment abilities to drive that in. I think the energy costs as well is relative to hash price, right, because we’ll be curtailing at a lot lower levels if hash prices go back up to $0.10 and be willing to take a higher energy price, and so the market that a lot of our exposure is in allows us to really control those energy costs through that economic curtailment and the reactor software that we have, and so I think that’s kind of a fair way to look at it, and then we can reassess if we see energy markets make any significant changes. One additional thing to the earlier question that you had, which was kind of net new data center growth, it’s something we’re excited about as well because we have five data centers in Canada right now. The incremental capex in order to scale up that infrastructure and upgrade it to host high density compute is not like building a new data center from the ground up. You’re paying for a certain amount of capex to basically upgrade, but you have a lot of that core infrastructure there already, so the cost is relatively competitive.

One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from Mike Colonnese with HC Wainwright. Your line is open.

Hi, good morning guys. Great progress in optimizing your operations over the past few months here. Most of my questions have been answered, so I just have one here for you. What portion of your managed services revenue in the quarter was driven by the Ionic Digital deal? I think you mentioned some details about the agreement for up to 300 megawatts for them. How many megawatts did you manage during the quarter, and how should we expect that number to scale up over the course of the year as you energize and bring online more of Cedarvale? Thanks.

Most definitely. The Kearney and Granbury sites concluded their contract at the end of April, so we generated revenue from those facilities during the first quarter. Ionic joined us in February, contributing midway through the quarter, while Kearney and Granbury contributed for the rest. The Ionic deal differs somewhat from the historical Kearney and Granbury sites, which were based on megawatt capacity. The Ionic agreement is a fixed rate. Currently, they have four facilities in West Texas with a total of just over 85 megawatts, and we are in the process of building a 215-megawatt facility for them, having already energized the first stage at our Cedarvale site. Ultimately, this will yield just over 300 megawatts, and they plan to expand further. The current structure involves a pass-through model for our direct costs related to site labor, hard costs, and specialized services, leading to increased revenue. Additionally, we charge a service fee of over $20 million per year, along with annual equity returns. This is a four-year agreement with a potential fifth-year extension based on growth targets related to exahash deployment and getting their miners operational, as many of them have been inactive due to bankruptcy. Thanks Mike.

I’m not showing any further questions at this time. As such, this does conclude today’s presentation. You may now disconnect and have a wonderful day.