Good morning, everyone, and welcome to Sanoma's first half 26 results presentation. My name is Kaisa Urasmaa. I'm heading Investor Relations and Sustainability at Sanoma. We had a solid first half of the year, and today the president and CEO Rob Kolkman and CFO Alex Green will represent the results. After the presentation, we will have a Q&A session. We will first take questions from here at Sanama House. Please use the microphone. We will then hand over to the telephone line if there are any further questions. And then you can also use the chat function for questions. After the presentation, a recording will be available on our website. With this, I would like to invite Rob on stage, please.
Thank you, Kaisa, and good morning. It's my pleasure to present the half-year results to you. They are really solid first six-month results. And most importantly, the message today is we are on track for that full-year step change in adjusted operating profit. So, as always, what I would like to do is share with you a few highlights overall, then zoom in on the learning side and media separately, and then after Alex's presentation on the financials, I will come back and give a bit more insights from our perspective on the full-year guidance as well. If you look at the first six months, then the net sales in learning grew, and that was driven already by learning material sales in the Netherlands, was continuing growth in Poland. Of course, the Vis & Vivas acquisition that we did earlier in the year is starting to contribute as well. And on the flip side, the advertising had an adverse impact if you think about media, Finland's net sales. So I'll touch on all these elements more specifically. One key element that we highlight today is it's always very difficult to see exactly how orders and sales fall between the quarters, particularly in a year when there is a lot of curriculum change. And we've indicated that before and we thought it's important to bring that to life to you a bit more this particular time around because it is about 15 million that we have seen move from, let's say, very late June into early July. So the orders were there very end of June and they then were delivered early July. So obviously they go then into quarter three. So I'll give a bit more specifics on that in a minute, but I think that's an important one to keep in mind when you look at the underlying figures. If you look at the profit side, we're very pleased with how that is progressing. So if you take into account that sales phasing that I highlighted, We, of course, also, as indicated during the quarter one results, seen additional investments in sales and marketing costs, particularly, of course, ahead of the curriculum renewals in Poland and Spain. And despite that pressure on the top line, we've seen an improved performance again in media Finland. free cash flow of course reflects the higher investments and we also indicate that for the full year we expect to the free cash flow to grow moderately weighted given the type of year it is to Q4 and Alex will highlight a bit more on that in a minute as well leverage is at its seasonal peak as it always is around this time of year that of course includes as you're all very familiar the hybrid bond repayment and of course also the Vis & Vivas acquisition. Vis & Vivas has a very similar profile when you think about it in cash terms so therefore also more negative cash in the first part of the year. De-leveraging we very much expect that to resume of course in H2 with that increased free cash flow as well. And the outlook unchanged given the decisive quarter ahead of us but I'll give a bit more on that after Alex's presentation. Let me now zoom in on learning first. That's what you can see here. So the net sales actually increased, as I highlighted. That's already showing that strong growth in the learning content sales in the Netherlands. As a reminder, of course, for the full year in quarter three, you will see that last 40 million of the distribution business flowing out of it. But here you can get a glimpse, of course, of the real performance that we see on the on the learning content side. Poland, the numbers here are still reflecting mostly the smaller part of the business, but really nicely growing the digital platform sales because all the curriculum sales effectively, the vast majority of that will happen in quarter three. I already touched on the sales phasing just to give that a little bit more flavor. However, if you think about what happens there in practical terms is if you take Spain as an example, some of the regions make fairly late decisions on how exactly they're going to distribute the funding, which methods, not so much methods, but which kind of grades they will do. And then, of course, that then triggers the ordering. So the orders do come in, but they come in then later. And in Italy, where there's not so much a curriculum change, it's much more to do about the fact that you can have late ordering from one or two of the key distributors there. So that's what's happening. And we, of course, have seen, if you look at July, we've seen those orders being delivered now as well in July. So very much in line with what we would expect. Vision Vivas had about 7 million on the top line impact in a positive way since we acquired that. If you look at the adjusted operating profit, 29 million versus 28, so more or less stable, positive impact of that higher net sales, that includes fees and vivas, and then the higher sales and marketing costs, approximately 8 million that we indicated, of course, very much in Poland and Spain. So that really is more salespeople, more advisors going to the schools, going to the teachers to help them make decisions around the new methods that come to market or the renewals. We also indicate very much on track to deliver the adjusted operating profit margin of above 23% for the full year. And that's, of course, to do with benefiting in quarter three in particular from that increased scale and all the growth that we have been preparing for. So the core message here is one of we are very positive around being on track for that full year step change in earnings. And I would actually like to bring that to life a little bit more with zooming in on some of the markets. And that's what you see here. So just to show you a bit of the size of it all, we have more than 60 new learning methods that have been published. The cycle in every market is the same, but the timing is a little bit different. So if you take Sweden and Finland, then, of course, the vast majority of the orders are in. We see really good growth in Sweden. You might recall that we also expect that with the additional funding that is there. So it's a small market, but we see that really performing very well. In the Netherlands, you know, the growth that we see there is also driven by new Molotong and math methods in the market there. In Italy, in sector education, our new math method is performing well. And in Spain, if you think about the curriculum renewal and refunding there, our renewal of the flagships here is really received well in the market. And in Poland, just as a reminder, we've seen very good response to our new offering. But it's, of course, also supported by about 20% increase in the government textbook funding for parts of the market. So really solid, good signals there, putting us in a really good spot to deliver on that growth in quarter three. On the acquisition side, we've done three acquisitions, as you know, so far in 2026. The most recent one being FluentBee in Poland in July, really helping us with more offerings towards those 2 million digital users we have in that market that we reach directly, parents and of course the students. And this is an AI-powered digital learning capability that we're adding. So we see real opportunity, also longer term, more broadly, but specifically already in Poland, to grow, focused also going directly to the students and the parents outside of the classroom to support their learning that they also do in the classroom. Vincent Wiebes has done the acquisition in April. That's now in the numbers. We're very happy with how that's progressing. The focus there as well is very much on the start of the school year. And Mr. Chet in the Netherlands, again, helps us with the scale we already have in the Netherlands. And both Mr. Chet and FluentBee are, of course, really good examples of how we also add to our more and more personalized learning offering across Europe. The AI Teacher Assistant that we introduced earlier in the year in seven of our markets has been received very well. And these type of acquisitions help with that overall. And actually, the first group of teachers that are using and have been using the AI Teacher Assistant, And, you know, as you can see here, 88% of that first group found the materials comparable or better than their own. So in other words, it really helps them in preparing for their lessons in their classrooms. And we will continue with that raw light, of course, from the new school year onwards as well. AI student assistant very much also being progressing. We, of course, have elements already in our offering, and that will become more and more an offering that we have as well to all schools across Europe. Let me now go to the media side. So there, I think it can really be described as another solid quarter with also continued very robust cost containment. So if you look at the net sales, there we see the digital subscriptions continuing to grow, offsetting that decline in print. And if we were to look a bit further and deeper down, we see across the product range, good solid development in the number of subscriptions. So that's important and it's continuing. Year on year, there's always an element of what phase of the year do you compare it to? What are there with regard to some specific offerings, for example, around support last year? So there's always the comparison is always a bit difficult if you look at quarter to quarter. But underlying, it is continued strong growth in the digital subscriptions. Advertising sales, as you're all aware, is the softer part still of the market. and like all of you we were also encouraged to see the more positive market developments in June of course early days but that is of course one of the indicators that also the market there at least is picking up on the advertising side. Events has two sides to it. We did after last year decide to organize fewer events but the events that we did hold have not only been as they always are high quality and well received. If you think about the program and the lineup, et cetera. But also this year with improved profitability. So last year I was happy with the quality of the events, but less so with the financial side this year. The quality has been very good. The attendance has been very good. And also the results are very good on the profitability side this year too. So compliments to the team for achieving achieving that. Then the other parts are the ones that you, of course, recognize the longer-term trends, so the lower paper printing distribution costs and also some phasing in this quarter on the TV programming costs. So a bit lower there. So all that offsetting and a little bit more the impact of the lower advertising sales. So a solid quarter and really in a strong position to deliver on that step change in the second half of the year. I would like to now hand over to Alex to talk a bit more about the financials and then I will be back to share a bit more insights around our outlook for the year. Alex.
Thank you Rob, good to be here with you again today. So let's start as always the financials with the Q2 earnings position which is relatively stable and also in the unit slightly down in learning, slightly up in media Finland. So if I start with the learning side, we had a positive profitability mix coming in first of all with the higher learning content sales that we talked about, offsetting lower distribution sales. We also have Vicent's Vives acquisition included here as well, which, as it's a similar business of a smaller scale to us, it has the same sort of quarterly profile, so it started being profitable in the back end of Q2, and that's included. And then offsetting this, we have, as mentioned, the higher sales and marketing costs in Poland and Spain, the Q2 element of that being 5 million. we had three million in Q1 five in Q2 slightly more than we had indicated before but reflecting the opportunity we had to generate a good solid high season in Q3. And then again also the impact of the sales phasing of 15 million which has moved to early Q3 and as Rob said has been substantially completed and delivered in this early part of Q3 already. So that netted there to roughly roughly stable slightly down. Media Finland sign as we saw, we saw improved profitability of the events albeit with fewer events but very successful. There we also have the lower printing paper and distribution costs you know so connected to the the closure of the temporary plant last year and some timing of TV programming costs and all that positive impacts which offset the lower advertising sales. Looking at the earnings per share in the table we see that has improved. You can see on the bottom right from H1 that it's improved year on year, primarily coming from the top line, the adjusted operating profit improvement that we've talked about. If we look at a couple of the items on the IAC line in Q2 specifically, you see it 2 million more than last year, and included in that is 2 million of acquisition-related costs, so purchase-related acquisition costs related to Vives primarily. And then net financial items, which is lower at an H1 level, full half level, relatively stable in Q2, with the higher debt coming from the repayment of the hybrid bond and flipping to some debt, being offset by an average interest rate which is lower than last year, so 3.5 versus 3.9. If I move to free cash flow, and so as always for this period of H1, It is seasonally negative, and it's actually slightly lower than last year, reflecting the higher investments. And so you can see there on the top right that we go from 68 to 73 with a lower EBITDA, which includes those sales and marketing costs ahead of the curriculum renewals, in a sense, a sort of in-year investment, which drives value in the second half of the year. and we also see some higher investments in terms of the TV programming spend in Media Finland. Vives, Vicens Vives is in there as well and then we have some small positives which including the timing of tax payments there. On a full year level we expect to grow from the 1 to 9 million of last year so to grow moderately to increase versus that and as mentioned this will be weighted from 0 to Q4 given the timing of some of our sales being a little bit later. Particularly in southern Europe, that pushes some of the receipts into the early mid part of Q4. What does that do to, in terms of our leverage, so leverage always at this time of year is at its peak. So we're at 3.0, which reflects both the hybrid bond repayment in March and also the acquisition and the debt related acquisition of Vicence Vives at the end of April. so going forward in H2 that's when the leverage sort of restarts as the cash flow becomes positive expect that to come right down so that the end of the year will be well below our long-term target of 2.5 maybe not not quite as low as the December last year because we takes a little bit of time to completely reset on the hybrid bond but it will be substantially below the 2.5 target And finally, we talked about before our ESG progress and just wanted to highlight some further recognition of something which we're very proud of. And so here you can see in the Time magazine and Statista we've been included in the World's Most Sustainable Companies and also our S&P Global Corporate Sustainability Score has improved. So a nice feedback in terms of the efforts we're making to have our positive impact. And with that, I'll invite Rob back to the stage to continue.
Thank you, Alex. and let me indeed now share a few insights on our outlook for the year before, of course, we open it up to questions. So, as I said at the start, we're very much on track and very positive about realizing that step change for the full year in adjusted operating profit and the core underlying elements are, of course, very much the ones that we've indicated before, obviously further supported now by the acquisitions, particularly Vis and Vivas, that we have done so far in 2026. In quarter three most of the discontinuation of the Dutch distribution business will will happen on the top line but as a reminder with no impact on bottom line because of course it was low to no margin. Therefore message remains we are on track to clearly have for the full year above 23 percent but most importantly on learning I think with the quarter two now behind us with all the hard work around adoptions, around seeing the changes happening, how well our contest has been received. We are in a really strong position to now see that materialize in increased revenue in quarter three. And as I said, some of our markets, we have that insights around the real ordering. In other ones, Spain and Italy in particular, there, of course, it is now all about getting the books and the stock towards the distributors. And then the The real sales to the students is, of course, happening in September time after the Southern European holidays. On the media side, as highlighted, I am very pleased with how Pia Kallster and the team continue to work tirelessly on those efficiency improvements that we are continuing to make. That, of course, helps with the sort of headwinds we still see on advertising. On advertising, that's the key element here, of course. We indicate relatively stable, which in our terminology is plus or minus a few percentage points. Clearly, if you look at year to date, then that is more towards that minus side. And that's also where the bigger uncertainty lies. If you look at the second half of the year, how will advertising now develop? Will we see some of those early positive signs continue? That, of course, would help us there. But even if it would stay more towards that slightly negative, with all the efforts we are doing to continue improving our business, and in some cases already helped also with the AI productivity improvements, then we are confident we can also deal with that. And besides that, the real transformation, digital subscription sales growing more than a setting decline in print, we also expect that to continue. So all in all, in a very, very good, strong position going into the second half of the year. We're not changing the guidance as we speak. And the key reason, of course, being that it is a very decisive quarter three for learning. and, of course, the visibility on the advertising side remains limited in that way. So that's why this is the outlook we gave at the start of the year continues to be the case. With that said, I would like to invite Kaisa and Alex back on stage so we can take your questions.
Thank you, Rob. Thank you, Alex. And we have the first question from the Sanama House. So, Sanna from Nordea, please.
Thank you and thanks for the presentations. Just to clarify on learning side, I see that Italy declined by 16% and Spain also organically by 20% if I calculate it correctly. This is all just phasing or mainly phasing and nothing else in particular.
That's correct. So for Italy, it's not a market where there's a lot of change. So that's more of a stable market. So that's what you can see there. And on Spain, it is what I highlighted with the changes in the curriculum late ordering.
Perfect. Thank you. Then on Visens Vivas, you're now a few months into that acquisitions. So can you elaborate on your early reads? How does it look like so far? And also, can you comment, did it grow at all in Q2?
I'm very happy with how it is going. I think it's a great team that has become part of Sanoma. We are, as we are everywhere, very focused now on the start of the school year, of course, the preparation for that. But some of the methods that were already in preparation that have now launched for VisenVivas have also been received very well. So the early indications are all very strong. Comparables with last year is always a bit more difficult because, of course, it wasn't in our systems. But we also expect, of course, the growth for VisenVivas to happen in their markets as well.
All right, thank you. Then on Media Finland, you mentioned the encouraging signs towards the end of the quarter. Could you elaborate on what exactly improved and did you benefit at all from the World Cup advertising that we saw in June?
Good question. And of course, I'm looking at the same data as you all are, right? So forgive me for trying to also have some positives on it. I think there were a few elements. If you look at some of the Finnish economy signs, they're also slightly more positive. It is always difficult in a specific month, right? If you take June, yes, there was the World Cup. No, we didn't have the rights, right? So do you have a bit of an impact there? Maybe. The overall market certainly, I think, benefited from it. So that's also why I am saying it's some early encouragement signs. I mean, it's better to see growth than we have seen, of course, for for quite a few months before. But I would not, you know, we are not getting carried away. And that's also why I'm highlighting even if it were to stay a bit more negative with everything we do and the Kohlstander team, of course, are doing we really are in a good position to also deal with still a slightly more negative advertising market.
Okay, thank you. That's clear. Then on investments and cash flow, TV programming costs were lower again. And I remember you mentioned this previously. I think it was in Q4. Is this, once again, sort of a one-off or is this the run rate going forward?
No, this is primarily a timing thing, so it sort of shifts between the quarters depending on the nature of when programs are being planned and scheduled and paid for.
Thanks. Then investments overall increased quite clearly this year, if I could say so. How much of this is structurally higher investment level related to, for example, AI and digital platforms versus temporary growth investments?
So if I just highlight that, I think there are elements of slightly higher investments if you think about getting ready also for some of the curriculum changes, et cetera. Fundamentally, I think we are seeing this as a percentage of revenue, not to change that much. And you are absolutely right if you think about the impact ultimately of AI, that's twofold, right? On the one hand, that is really helping us to become more efficient. On the other hand, we also see great opportunities to bring other products to market, which of course will also be an increase. So it's a balancing act.
All right, thank you. That's all from me. Thank you, Sanna. And then we move to Pia from DNV Carnegie, please.
Pia
Analyst — DNB Carnegie
Yes, thank you so much, and thank you for the presentation. I've got two questions, and the first one is on learning. I think Netherlands and the Polish market, they grew really well in Q2. can you somehow split the growth i mean was it how much of the growth was organic and and was driven by volumes pricing are you taking market shares are there some phasing factors um i think it is mostly organic because the acquisition we did in the netherlands was very small so that that doesn't really register and and and if you think about the um the polish one That was only done as an acquisition in July, so that doesn't have an impact.
So it is organic. If you then look a little bit deeper, in the Netherlands it is really a reflection of where we think we continue to win in the Dutch market with our content sales. And I gave one example, but there are, of course, several. So we are generally very positive about our position in the Dutch market and also our strength there. In Poland, of course, it's a little bit more nuanced than that, but by and large, the growth in that first half of the year is driven by our digital solutions, the platform that I also mentioned, of course, where we have FluentB now added. So that will be also some inorganic growth in the second half of the year. But the real curriculum growth is actually, of course, happening in Poland in quarter three.
Pia
Analyst — DNB Carnegie
Thank you. And then FluentB, can we draw any kind of conclusions on, you know, is this platform expandable to other markets? Is that your ambition or are these smaller acquisitions kind of more local, bolt-ons and very rooted in that local market?
So both can be true, I think. So on the one hand, it is very local. Our business case is based on the fact that we can add it to the 2 million users and the offering for the Polish-specific market. So it is real value creation from that point of view. It is true that, of course, with any acquisition we do, we also look at it if there would be a demand developing in other markets. could, for example, be also in the Italian market, where some of the characteristics are similar, then this technology would enable us to do that. So it is a criteria on how we look at it. But the business case, the value creation, is focused on Poland first and foremost.
Clear, thank you. Thank you, Pia. And then we have Joona from OP, please.
Hi, thank you for the presentation. A lot of good questions already, but perhaps on the media side. After solid growth in recent quarters on the subscription sales, it stayed flat now in Q2. What's your kind of expectations for H2? Do you still see that you can grow or the digital revenue can be faster than kind of the decline in print?
That's definitely, of course, our aim and our focus. And if you look at slightly longer term, we continue to focus also on adding content, adding offerings that will enable us to do so. Right. If you think about Champions League next year, that, of course, will help with that digital subscription base as well. I am pleased to see how our digital subscriptions overall are continuing to grow. The comparison on is it the net net growing on subscriptions or more or less stable? Yeah, that can also then differ a bit quarter to quarter, depending on the comparable numbers from the previous year as well. But in itself, the trends are continuing with growth. Clearly, increasingly with a higher base to compare it with.
Okay, thanks. Then another one on media, perhaps looking a bit further towards the future. What kind of preparation do you currently have ongoing towards the gambling market opening a year from now?
Yeah, very good question. There's a couple of things going on. So, obviously, on the content, you know, what we offer, there are preparations going on. as in the type of programs we want to have around that, right? But most importantly, the conversation with potential new entrants into the market. They have started, they are ongoing, to also get a feel of what is needed, what are they looking for when you think about where we can offer the most, which is, of course, the brand building side. So there's a lot of preparation going on, but the actual market, of course, doesn't open up until, as you know, July 27.
So it's also limited what you can do in advance. okay thank you thank you joona and then we have nikko from scb please hello this is nikko rangas from scb thank you for the presentation uh i have three questions uh and and first one on you highlighted your success and good feedback from uh ai application for teachers so so do you think that that is more kind of a sales driver for you going forward or is it more strengthening your competitive position overall?
I think longer term it is really going to help with better learning offerings but more personalized learning offerings for all students across Europe right so longer term this is a really key part of it some of that will be with really new solutions that we bring to markets specifically for this some of it will also strengthen of course on top of the high quality content we have and I think this is early days to see exactly how business models will pan out on it, but I would expect both in the classroom being ability to really build on the core content we have. But if you think about what I highlighted for Poland, when you think personalized learning outside of the classroom for the students and getting better learning, there's a massive opportunity there longer term. But this is education. It won't be fast, right? So it is a matter of building on that over time. I understand.
Thanks. Then continuing on the same topic, but maybe from a bit different angle. Anthropik published their quote for teachers recently in the US K12 market, although it's not in Europe, but have you reviewed it and what kind of thoughts do you have on it?
Yes, so obviously we follow that very closely, right? I think it's a good indication that there's real opportunities going forward also here in Europe to of course get more and more personalized on the learning. I do believe it will always be on top of the high quality content and methods that you need. And that's also our early indications of what we see happening with Entropic in the US. Obviously, the US market is a very different one from Europe. Also, if you think about regulations, etc. So we follow it closely. I think it's a good indication that there's real opportunities for growth here over time. But how that exactly will pan out in the European market. I think that's where we are in a great position to shape that market very well.
Okay, thank you. And then the last one, a bit more technical. On TV costs, you said were lower due to phasing. So is this something we should expect already to reverse in Q3? And how big was this impact?
It was a few million and yes, we should expect it to sort of reverse in the second half of the year. Yes.
All right. Great. Thanks. That's all for me.
Yes. Thank you, Nikko. And then we have Petri from Inderes, please.
Continuing on the digital subscription sales, I was thinking about the timing of the World Cup and your revenue development there. Did you see any impact of the World Cup? I mean, thinking it's on a different platform and consumers be switching to other platforms?
I mean, it's a good underlying assumption that could be true. It's difficult to prove that or disprove it. So I wouldn't go as far as saying, yeah, we saw it. But of course, you know, in this kind of situation where there's a lot of other things happening, it's a fair assumption to make that it might have some impact.
Finally, this goes to Alex regarding your debt portfolio. I recall there's some maturity dates not in the so distant future. Can you share any thoughts or plans regarding refinancing later this year?
Absolutely. So next year, and not immediately next year, but next year we have the revolving credit facility of $300 million coming to term. And so we're currently working on the right time to refinance that. So, you know, thinking about that already now. And also we have the social bond also next year as well. So three years comes around quickly. And we're also discussing with our relationship banks the best timing and keeping an eye on pricing and the timing to do that. So those two things are top of mind at the moment, but they're not immediate. But clearly, we think about when those things not come to term necessarily, but come to short term. So a year before is kind of a key point. So we're very much focused on doing the right thing there.
Thank you, Petri. If no further questions from the audience here, I would like to hand over to the telephone line, please.
Operator
If you wish to ask a question, please dial pound key 5 on your telephone keypad to enter the queue. If you wish to withdraw your question, please dial pound key 6 on your telephone keypad. The next question comes from Sami Sarkamis from Dansky Bank Markets. Please go ahead.
Three questions. Firstly, I wanted to confirm that bulk of the 50 million euro timing shift in the third quarter has already been ordered and delivered. So there is no risk related to this.
And then secondly, given a strong outlook for second half of the year, are you expecting to land at the very high end of your EBIT guidance range?
That's a really good question. Let me be clear. If you look at everything that I've highlighted today, I'm very positive, of course, about our performance and also for the full year. So logically, that would imply that if things continue the way we now see it happening, also partly supported with the M&A, particularly fees and vivas. Yes, you do get towards the higher end. Maybe to continue on that. But we are not changing our guidance now because, of course, quarter three is very decisive. And, of course, there is still a lot to be sold in the sell-through also in countries like Spain and Italy. And there is, of course, the uncertainty around the advertising market. But we are very positive about how we currently look at the market. That was not horrible.
Sorry, Sami, the line is breaking up. So could you please repeat the question? Unfortunately, that's happening again. So maybe if you can use the chat, we can still take it from there, or then we can take it after the webcast. Apologies for this. If no further questions from the telephone line, we have one at the moment in the chat, and it's related to the cash flow. And so the taxes are now tracking below in age one versus last year. What do you expect for the rest of the year or the full year in terms of cash taxes?
Cash taxes. So cash taxes is very much a function of timing. And you also sometimes make payments and get refunds back the next year if your estimates are too high. So I expect it to balance out over the full year. I don't expect that bucket in that chart to be particularly high. It's mainly timing impacts.
And then what about working capital for the full year? What should we think about this? Now the change in working capital in age one was relatively low.
Yeah, I would just think so. So, as I mentioned before, or we mentioned before, a lot of the cash coming in will be in Q4. And so we will see a movement there, you know, a large working capital impact in Q3, but it should balance out towards the end of, by the Q4 end, right? So, generally speaking, when we get to the full year end, the whole cycle has been completed, cash has come out and come back in, so it should be at a fairly normalised level.
Thank you. And no further questions in the chat either, if not anything further from the audience here at Sanoma House. I think that we can start to conclude the webcast. As a final reminder, our Q3 results will be published on 28th of October. Thank you for the active participation and please be in touch with us at IR with any further questions. Thank you. Have a nice day.
