Ubs AG 6-K, filed Jun 11, 2024
Ubs AG (AMUB)
About this 6-K
Ubs AG filed this 6-K on June 11, 2024.
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 6-K
REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16
UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Date: June 11, 2024
Commission File Number 001-15060
UBS AG
(Translation of Registrant’s Name Into English)
Bahnhofstrasse 45, Zurich, Switzerland, and
Aeschenvorstadt 1, Basel, Switzerland
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.
Form 20-F ☒ Form 40-F ☐
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1): ☐
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7): ☐
This Form 6-K is hereby incorporated by reference into the registration statement of UBS AG on Form F-3 (Registration Number 333-278934).
UBS AG notes that it is hereby amending the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in Exhibit 107 of the amended and restated pricing supplement dated June 10, 2024 (Pricing Supplement No. ETN-6/A18) to the Prospectus Supplement dated May 31, 2024 and the Prospectus dated May 31, 2024 in respect of the ETRACS Gold Shares Covered Call ETNs due February 2, 2033 from $65,340,414 to $64,807,729.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| Date: June 11, 2024 | UBS AG | |||||
| By: | /s/ Chris Cook | |||||
| Name: Chris Cook | ||||||
| Title: Managing Director | ||||||
| By: | /s/ Erica Yeu | |||||
| Name: Erica Yeu | ||||||
| Title: Managing Director | ||||||
EXHIBIT INDEX
| Exhibit | Description of Exhibit | |
| 5.1 | Opinion of Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, dated June 11, 2024 | |
| 5.2 | Opinion of Homburger AG, dated June 11, 2024 | |
Exhibit 5.1
[Letterhead of Sullivan & Cromwell LLP]
June 11, 2024
UBS AG,
Bahnhofstrasse 45,
CH-8001 Zurich,
Switzerland.
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We are acting as United States counsel to UBS AG, a corporation organized under the laws of Switzerland (the “Company”), in connection with the registration of the debt securities identified in Annex A to this letter (the “Notes”). The Company filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission a registration statement on Form F-3 (File No. 333-278934) (the “Registration Statement”) under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Act”) relating to the proposed offer and sale of up to $1,500,000,000 of the Company’s senior debt securities, including the Notes. The Notes will be issued under an indenture (the “Base Indenture”), dated as of March 29, 2007, between Credit Suisse AG (“CS AG”) and The Bank of New York Mellon, formerly known as The Bank of New York, as trustee (the “Trustee”), as supplemented by (i) the First Supplemental Indenture dated as of May 6, 2008 (the “First Supplemental Indenture”), between CS AG and the trustee, (ii) the Second Supplemental Indenture dated as of March 25, 2009 (the “Second Supplemental Indenture”), between CS AG and the trustee, (iii) the Third Supplemental Indenture dated as of September 9, 2020 (the “Third Supplemental Indenture”), between CS AG and the trustee, and (iv) the Fourth Supplemental Indenture dated as of May 30, 2024 among CS AG, the Company and the trustee (the “Fourth Supplemental Indenture” and the Base Indenture as supplemented by the First Supplemental Indenture, the Second Supplemental Indenture, the Third Supplemental Indenture and the Fourth Supplemental Indenture, the “Indenture”) pursuant to which the Company became the successor to CS AG under the Indenture with the same effect as if the Company had been named as the “Company” thereunder.
In rendering this opinion, we have examined the following documents:
1. The Indenture.
2. Certificates of officers of the Company with respect to the authorization of the Notes, the determination of the terms of the Notes and related matters.
3. Specimens of the Notes.
| UBS AG | -2- |
We also have examined such questions of law as we have considered necessary or appropriate for the purposes of this opinion. Upon the basis of such examination, we advise you that, in our opinion, the Notes, when issued and delivered against payment as contemplated in the Registration Statement, will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles.
The foregoing opinion is limited to the Federal laws of the United States and the laws of the State of New York, and we are expressing no opinion as to the effect of the laws of any other jurisdiction. In rendering the foregoing opinion, we have assumed, without independent verification, that (1) the Company has been duly incorporated and is an existing corporation in good standing (to the extent applicable) under the laws of Switzerland, (2) the Indenture and the Notes have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company insofar as the laws of Switzerland are concerned and (3) none of the entry into the Indenture by the Company, the issuance of the Notes by the Company, or the performance by the Company of its obligations under the Indenture and the Notes, violates or conflicts with any applicable Swiss law.
In rendering the foregoing opinion, we are not passing upon, and assume no responsibility for, any disclosure in the Registration Statement or any related prospectus or other offering material regarding the Company or the Notes or their offering and sale.
We have relied as to certain matters on information obtained from public officials, officers of the Company and other sources believed by us to be responsible, and we have assumed, without independent verification, that the Indenture has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Trustee, that the Notes conform to the specimen thereof examined by us, that the Trustee’s certificate of authentication of the Notes has been manually signed by one of the Trustee’s authorized officers and that the signatures on all documents examined by us are genuine.
We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement. In giving this consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act.
| Very truly yours, |
| /s/ SULLIVAN & CROMWELL LLP |
Annex A
| Title of Note |
ETNs | |||
| ETRACs Gold Shares Covered Call Exchange Traded Notes (ETNs) linked to the Credit Suisse NASDAQ Gold FLOWS™ 103 Index due February 2, 2033 |
440,418 | |||
| ETRACS Silver Shares Covered Call Exchange Traded Notes (ETNs) linked to the Credit Suisse NASDAQ Silver FLOWSTM 106 Index due April 21, 2033 |
508,124 | |||
| ETRACS Crude Oil Shares Covered Call Exchange Traded Notes (ETNs) due April 24, 2037 |
2,241,233 | |||
Exhibit 5.2
| To: UBS AG Bahnhofstrasse 45 8001 Zurich Switzerland |
Homburger AG Prime Tower Hardstrasse 201 CH–8005 Zurich
T +41 43 222 10 00 F +41 43 222 15 00 lawyers@homburger.ch |
Zurich, June 11, 2024
UBS AG, acting through its London branch
ETRACS Gold Shares Covered Call Exchange Traded Notes (ETNs) linked to the Credit Suisse NASDAQ Gold FLOWS™ 103 Index, due February 2, 2033 (CUSIP: 22542D233)
ETRACS Silver Shares Covered Call Exchange Traded Notes (ETNs) linked to the Credit Suisse NASDAQ Silver FLOWS™ 106 Index, due April 21, 2033 (CUSIP: 22542D225)
ETRACS Crude Oil Shares Covered Call Exchange Traded Notes (ETNs) linked to Credit Suisse NASDAQ WTI Crude Oil FLOWS™ 106 Index, due April 24, 2037 (CUSIP: 22539U602)
We, Homburger AG, have acted as special Swiss counsel to UBS AG, a Swiss bank, in connection with the issuance by UBS AG, acting through its London branch (the Issuing Branch), of (i) up to 440,418 of ETRACS Gold Shares Covered Call Exchange Traded Notes (ETNs) linked to the Credit Suisse NASDAQ Gold FLOWS™ 103 Index, due February 2, 2033 (CUSIP: 22542D233) (the New ETN-6 Notes), (ii) up to 508,124 of ETRACS Silver Shares Covered Call Exchange Traded Notes (ETNs) linked to the Credit Suisse NASDAQ Silver FLOWS™ 106 Index, due April 21, 2033 (CUSIP: 22542D225) (the New ETN-7 Notes), and (iii) up to 2,241,233 of ETRACS Crude Oil Shares Covered Call Exchange Traded Notes (ETNs) linked to Credit Suisse NASDAQ WTI Crude Oil FLOWS™ 106 Index, due April 24, 2037 (CUSIP: 22539U602) (the New ETN-20 Notes and, together with the New ETN-6 Notes and the New ETN-7 Notes, the New Notes, and the New Notes together with the Outstanding Notes (as defined herein), the Notes), in each case under the Indenture (as defined below). As such counsel, we have been requested to give our opinion as to certain matters of Swiss law relating to the New Notes.
Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Indenture.
| I. | Basis of Opinion |
This opinion is confined to and given on the basis of the laws of Switzerland in force at the date hereof. Such laws and the interpretation thereof are subject to change. This opinion is also confined to the matters stated herein and the Documents (as defined below), and is not to be read as extending, by implication or otherwise, to any agreement or other document referred to in any of the Documents (including, in the case of the Base Prospectus, Prospectus Supplement and each Pricing Supplement (each as defined below), any document incorporated by reference therein or exhibited thereto) or any other matter.
For purposes of this opinion, we have not conducted any due diligence or similar investigation as to factual circumstances that are or may be referred to in the Documents, and we express no opinion as to the accuracy of representations and warranties of facts set out in the Documents or the factual background assumed therein.
For purposes of this opinion, we have only reviewed the following documents (collectively, the Documents):
| (i) | an electronic copy of the executed Distribution Agreement dated May 7, 2007, between Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, as distributor, and Credit Suisse AG (as amended by Amendment No. 1 dated January 11, 2008, the Distribution Agreement); |
| (ii) | an electronic copy of the executed indenture dated as of March 29, 2007 (the Base Indenture), between Credit Suisse AG and The Bank of New York Mellon (formerly known as The Bank of New York), as trustee (the Trustee); |
| (iii) | an electronic copy of the executed first supplemental indenture to the Base Indenture dated as of May 6, 2008 (the First Supplemental Indenture), between Credit Suisse AG and the Trustee; |
| (iv) | an electronic copy of the executed second supplemental indenture to the Base Indenture dated as of March 25, 2009 (the Second Supplemental Indenture), between Credit Suisse AG and the Trustee; |
| (v) | an electronic copy of the executed third supplemental indenture to the Base Indenture dated as of September 9, 2020 (the Third Supplemental Indenture), between Credit Suisse AG and the Trustee; |
| (vi) | an electronic copy of the executed fourth supplemental indenture dated May 30, 2024 (the Fourth Supplemental Indenture and, together with the Base Indenture, the First Supplemental Indenture, the Second Supplemental Indenture and the Third Supplemental Indenture, the Indenture and, together with the Distribution Agreement, the Transaction Agreements), among Credit Suisse AG, UBS AG and the Trustee, pursuant to which UBS AG agreed in accordance with Section 5.01 of the Indenture to, among other things, assume all the obligations of Credit Suisse AG on the Securities (including the Notes (as defined below)) and under the Indenture with effect from the effective date of the Merger (as defined below); |
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| (vii) | an electronic copy of (A) the global note (the Original ETN-6 Global Note) representing the currently outstanding 559,582 ETRACS Gold Shares Covered Call Exchange Traded Notes (ETNs) linked to the Credit Suisse NASDAQ Gold FLOWS™ 103 Index, due February 2, 2033 (CUSIP: 22542D233) (the Outstanding ETN-6 Notes and, together with the New ETN-6 Notes, the ETN-6 Notes), dated May 31, 2024, (B) the global note (the Original ETN-7 Global Note) representing the currently outstanding 1,491,876 ETRACS Silver Shares Covered Call Exchange Traded Notes (ETNs) linked to the Credit Suisse NASDAQ Silver FLOWS™ 106 Index, due April 21, 2033 (CUSIP: 22542D225) (the Outstanding ETN-7 Notes and, together with the New ETN-7 Notes, the ETN-7 Notes), dated May 31, 2024, and (C) the global note (together with the Original ETN-6 Global Note and the Original ETN-7 Global Note, the Original Global Notes) representing the currently outstanding 5,258,767 ETRACS Crude Oil Shares Covered Call Exchange Traded Notes (ETNs) linked to Credit Suisse NASDAQ WTI Crude Oil FLOWS™ 106 Index, due April 24, 2037 (CUSIP: 22539U602) (the Outstanding ETN-20 Notes and, together with the New ETN-20 Notes, the ETN-20 Notes, and the Outstanding ETN-20 Notes together with the Outstanding ETN-6 Notes and the Outstanding ETN-7 Notes, the Outstanding Notes), dated May 31, 2024, in each case executed by UBS AG, acting through the Nassau branch; |
| (viii) | an electronic copy of (A) the revised global note representing the ETN-6 Notes, dated June 10, 2024 (the Revised ETN-6 Global Note), (B) the revised global note representing the ETN-7 Notes, dated June 10, 2024 (the Revised ETN-7 Global Note), and (C) the revised global note representing the ETN-20 Notes, dated June 10, 2024 (together with the Revised ETN-6 Global Note and the Revised ETN-7 Global Note, the Revised Global Notes), in each case executed by UBS AG, acting through the Issuing Branch; |
| (ix) | an electronic copy of the prospectus dated May 31, 2024 (the Base Prospectus); |
| (x) | an electronic copy of the prospectus supplement to the Base Prospectus, relating to debt securities issued from time to time under the Indenture, dated May 31, 2024 (the Prospectus Supplement); |
| (xi) | an electronic copy of (A) pricing supplement No. ETN-6/A18 to the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement, dated June 10, 2024, (B) pricing supplement No. ETN-7/A20 to the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement, dated June 10, 2024, and (C) pricing supplement No. ETN-20/A22 to the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement, dated June 10, 2024 (collectively, the Pricing Supplements); |
| (xii) | an electronic copy of the notice to the Trustee dated June 3, 2024, pursuant to which UBS AG designated the Issuing Branch as the Substitution Branch as substitute for the Branch through which it acts under the Notes in accordance with Section 3(f) of the Second Supplemental Indenture (the Substitution Branch Designation Notice), executed by UBS AG; |
| (xiii) | an electronic copy of the Officer’s Certificate dated June 10, 2024, issued by UBS AG pursuant to Sections 9.01, 9.04, 10.03 and 10.04 of the Indenture; |
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| (xiv) | a copy of the articles of association (Statuten) of UBS AG in their version dated as of April 23, 2024, certified by the Commercial Register of the Canton of Zurich in Switzerland (the Articles); |
| (xv) | a certified excerpt from the Commercial Register of the Canton of Zurich in Switzerland for UBS AG, dated May 31, 2024 (the Excerpt); |
| (xvi) | an electronic copy of the organization regulations (Organisationsreglement) of UBS AG, valid as of March 1, 2024 (the March Regulations); |
| (xvii) | an electronic copy of the organization regulations (Organisationsreglement) of UBS AG, valid as of May 1, 2024 (the Regulations); |
| (xviii) | an electronic copy of the UBS Delegation of Authorities Group Finance (including Group Treasury) 9-C-011610 in its version effective as of October 25, 2023 (the Delegation of Authorities); |
| (xix) | an electronic copy of the Policy on Signing Authority 1-P-000052 in its version effective as of December 14, 2023 (the Signing Authority Policy); |
| (xx) | an electronic copy of the authorization signed by a managing director and an executive director of UBS AG dated May 13, 2024, delegating authority to negotiate, jointly execute and deliver, on behalf of UBS AG (whether acting through its head offices or through one of its branches), documents in connection with, among other things, the assumption by UBS AG of Credit Suisse AG’s obligations on the Securities to any two signatories either registered from time to time in the Commercial Registers of the Canton of Zurich or Basel-City in Switzerland as signatories for UBS AG or listed in such authorization (the Power of Attorney); |
| (xxi) | an electronic copy of the approval signed by the Chief Financial Officer of UBS AG and UBS Group and the Group Treasurer of UBS AG and UBS Group dated May 22, 2024, approving the designation of the Issuing Branch as the Substitution Branch as substitute for the Branch through which it acts under the Notes (the Issuing Branch Substitution Approval); |
| (xxii) | an electronic copy of the resolutions of the Group Treasurer and the Group Chief Financial Officer, dated April 25, 2024, relating to, among other things, the continued offering and rebranding of the Notes, and delegating authority to, among other things, sign and enter into on behalf of UBS AG any documents and take any other actions on behalf of UBS AG authorized by such resolutions (or that are necessary or appropriate in furtherance of any actions authorized by such resolutions) to any two officers listed in Schedule 1 to such resolutions (the CFO and Treasurer Approval and Authorization); |
| (xxiii) | an electronic copy of the Determination of an Authorized Person, dated June 10, 2024, executed by two officers listed in Schedule 1 to the CFO and Treasurer Approval and Authorization (the New Notes Approval); and |
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| (xxiv) | an electronic copy of the executed merger agreement dated December 7, 2023, as amended and restated on April 30, 2024 (the Merger Agreement), between UBS AG and Credit Suisse AG. |
No documents have been reviewed by us in connection with this opinion other than the Documents. Accordingly, we shall limit our opinion to the Documents and their legal implications under the laws of Switzerland.
In this opinion, Swiss legal concepts are expressed in English terms and not in their original language. These concepts may not be identical to the concepts described by the same English terms as they exist under the laws of other jurisdictions. With respect to Documents governed by laws other than the laws of Switzerland, for purposes of this opinion, we have relied on the plain meaning of the words and expressions contained therein without regard to any import they may have under the relevant governing law.
| II. | Assumptions |
In rendering the opinions below, we have assumed the following:
| (a) | all documents produced to us as originals are authentic and complete, and all documents produced to us as copies (including, without limitation, fax and electronic copies) conform to the original; |
| (b) | all documents produced to us as originals and the originals of all documents produced to us as copies were duly executed and certified, as applicable, by the individuals purported to have executed or certified, as the case may be, such documents, and any electronic signature of UBS AG (whether acting through its head offices or through one of its branches) on any such document has been affixed thereto by the individual to whom such electronic signature belongs and such signature has not been removed or otherwise altered in any way; |
| (c) | except as expressly opined upon herein, all information contained in the Documents is, and all material statements made to us in connection with the Documents are, true and accurate; |
| (d) | the Indenture is within the capacity and power of, has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by, and is binding on, all parties thereto (other than UBS AG); |
| (e) | the Outstanding Notes were duly authorized by Credit Suisse AG and were duly executed and delivered by Credit Suisse AG, acting through its Nassau branch; |
| (f) | the Original Global Notes were duly issued, authenticated and delivered in accordance with the terms of the Indenture; |
| (g) | with respect to the Notes, (i) each of UBS AG and the Issuing Branch has the requisite power and authority under the laws of the jurisdiction in which the Issuing Branch is domiciled (the Relevant Jurisdiction) to act as provided in the Notes and all other relevant documents, (ii) UBS AG is licensed in the Relevant Jurisdiction to operate the Issuing Branch, (iii) the Issuing Branch has complied and will comply with all internal guidelines, and any requirements of the Relevant Jurisdiction, applicable to the Issuing Branch with respect to the issuance of the Notes, and (iv) as a matter of the laws of the Relevant Jurisdiction with respect to the issuance of the Notes, the obligations entered into by the Issuing Branch are automatically those of UBS AG itself; |
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| (h) | the Excerpt is correct and complete other than with respect to any changes to the signatories registered with the Commercial Register of the Canton of Zurich in Switzerland (including, without limitation, the addition or removal of any such signatory) that have occurred since the date of the Excerpt; |
| (i) | the Articles, the Regulations, the Delegation of Authorities, the Signing Authority Policy, the Issuing Branch Substitution Approval, the CFO and Treasurer Approval and Authorization and the New Notes Approval are in full force and effect and have not been amended; |
| (j) | the March Regulations were in full force and effect and had not been amended as of the date of the CFO and Treasurer Approval and Authorization; |
| (k) | the Power of Attorney was in full force and effect and had not been amended as of the date of the Fourth Supplemental Indenture; |
| (l) | at the time the Merger became effective, the Merger Agreement (i) was within the capacity and power of, had been duly authorized, executed and delivered by, and was binding on, all parties thereto, and (ii) was in full force and effect and had not been amended; |
| (m) | the Merger became effective on May 31, 2024, in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement; |
| (n) | the designation by UBS AG of the Issuing Branch as substitute for the Branch through which it acts under the Notes as described in the Substitution Branch Designation Notice became effective on June 3, 2024; |
| (o) | the Distribution Agreement has not been amended and continues in full force and effect; |
| (p) | the Base Indenture has not been amended (other than by the First Supplemental Indenture, the Second Supplemental Indenture, the Third Supplemental Indenture, the Fourth Supplemental Indenture, and any other supplements thereto relating to note issuances thereunder that do not constitute Notes) and the Indenture continues in full force and effect; |
| (q) | the decision to issue the New Notes was based on market demand and not for purposes of executing on Group capital or external Group funding plans within the meaning of the Delegation of Authorities; |
| (r) | the New Notes are offered pursuant to the Base Prospectus; and |
| (s) | immediately after giving effect to the issuance of the New Notes, the aggregate issuance amount, as measured by the aggregate initial public offering price, of securities registered pursuant to the U.S. registration statement on Form F-3 of which the Base Prospectus forms a part (including the New Notes) will not exceed USD 1.5 billion in accordance with the CFO and Treasurer Approval and Authorization. |
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| III. | Opinion |
Based on the foregoing and subject to the qualifications set out below, we are of the opinion that:
| 1. | UBS AG is a corporation (Aktiengesellschaft) duly incorporated and validly existing under the laws of Switzerland. |
| 2. | UBS AG has the necessary corporate power and authority to, acting through the Issuing Branch, issue the New Notes. |
| 3. | UBS AG has taken all necessary corporate action to authorize the New Notes. |
| IV. | Qualifications |
The above opinions are subject to the following qualifications:
| (a) | The lawyers of our firm are members of the Zurich bar and do not hold themselves out to be experts in any laws other than the laws of Switzerland. Accordingly, we are opining herein as to Swiss law only, based on our independent professional judgment, and we express no opinion with respect to the applicability or the effect of the laws of any other jurisdiction to or on the matters covered herein. |
| (b) | We express no opinion on the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the provisions of any Transaction Agreement or the Notes or the performance of the obligations assumed by UBS AG thereunder. |
| (c) | We express no opinion as to the accuracy or completeness of the information set out in the Base Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement or the Pricing Supplements. |
| (d) | Further, we express no opinion as to tax matters, regulatory matters or as to any commercial, accounting, calculating, auditing or other non-legal matter. |
| (e) | We express no opinion on the Merger Agreement. |
| (f) | Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, UBS AG and Credit Suisse AG agreed to a merger by absorption under Swiss law (Absorptionsfusion), whereby Credit Suisse AG was absorbed by UBS AG (the Merger) and, effective upon registration of the Merger with the Commercial Registers of the Canton of Zurich and the Canton of Basel-City in Switzerland on May 31, 2024, Credit Suisse AG ceased to exist and all of its assets, liabilities and contracts were automatically transferred to, and were absorbed and taken over by, UBS AG by operation of Swiss law (Universalsukzession). |
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We have issued this opinion as of the date hereof and we assume no obligation to advise you of any changes in fact or in law that are made or brought to our attention after the date hereof. This opinion is addressed to you for your benefit, and is not to be relied upon by any other person without our express consent, except that it may be relied upon by initial purchasers of the New Notes and by Sullivan & Cromwell LLP for purposes of issuing its opinion to you as of the date hereof with respect to certain matters of the laws of the State of New York and U.S. federal law pertaining to the New Notes.
We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to a report on Form 6-K to be filed by UBS AG on or around the date hereof. In giving such consent, we do not admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Save as aforementioned, this opinion may not be transmitted by you to any other person, quoted or referred to in any public document or filed with anyone, in each case, without our express consent.
This opinion is governed by and shall be construed in accordance with the laws of Switzerland. We confirm our understanding that all disputes arising out of or in connection with this opinion shall be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland, venue being the City of Zurich.
Sincerely yours,
/s/ HOMBURGER AG
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