SUI Group Holdings Ltd S-1/A, filed Aug 28, 2025
SUI Group Holdings Ltd. (SUIG)
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 27, 2025.
Registration No. 333-289438
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
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AMENDMENT NO. 1
TO
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
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SUI GROUP HOLDINGS LIMITED
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Minnesota |
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90-0316651 |
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(State or other jurisdiction of |
(Primary Standard Industrial |
(I.R.S. Employer |
1907 Wayzata Boulevard, Suite 205
Wayzata, MN 55391
Telephone: (952) 479-1923
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
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Douglas M. Polinsky
Chief Executive Officer
1907 Wayzata Boulevard, Suite 205
Wayzata, MN 55391
Telephone: (952) 479-1923
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
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With Copies to:
Mitchell S. Nussbaum
Loeb & Loeb LLP
345 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10154
Tel: (212)-407-4000
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Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time, after the effective date of this registration statement.
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933 check the following box: ☒
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
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Emerging growth company |
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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
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Preliminary Prospectus |
Subject to Completion, Dated August 27, 2025 |
Sui Group Holdings Limited
Up to 94,026,755 Shares of Common Stock Offered by Selling Stockholders
This prospectus covers the offer and potential resale by certain selling stockholders identified herein (“Selling Stockholders”) of (i) 75,881,625 shares of common stock of Sui Group Holdings Limited (“we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company” or “SUIG”), par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), (ii) 7,144,205 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of pre-funded warrants (“Pre-Funded Warrant Shares”) at an exercise price of $0.0001 per Pre-Funded Warrant Share, (iii) 3,113,469 shares of our common stock issuable to Karatage Opportunities upon the exercise of warrants (the “Lead Investor Warrant Shares”) at various exercise prices per Lead Investor Warrant Share as follows: (a) 1,245,387 Lead Investor Warrant Shares at an exercise price of $5.42 per Lead Investor Warrant Share; (b) 1,245,387 Lead Investor Warrant Shares at an exercise price of $5.962 per Lead Investor Warrant Share; (c) 415,130 Lead Investor Warrant Shares at an exercise price of $6.504 per Lead Investor Warrant Share; and (d) 207,565 Lead Investor Warrant Shares at an exercise price of $7.046 per Lead Investor Warrant Share, (iv) 3,113,469 shares of our common stock issuable to the Sui Foundation (the “Foundation Investor”) upon the exercise of warrants (the “Foundation Investor Warrant Shares”) at various exercise prices per Foundation Investor Warrant Share as follows: (a) 1,245,387 Foundation Investor Warrant Shares at an exercise price of $5.42 per Foundation Investor Warrant Share; (b) 1,245,387 Foundation Investor Warrant Shares at an exercise price of $5.962 per Foundation Investor Warrant Share; (c) 415,130 Foundation Investor Warrant Shares at an exercise price of $6.504 per Foundation Investor Warrant Share; and (d) 207,565 Foundation Investor Warrant Shares at an exercise price of $7.046 per Foundation Investor Warrant Share, (v) 1,245,388 shares of our common stock issuable to certain members of the management of the Company upon the exercise of warrants (the “Management Warrant Shares”) at various exercise prices per Management Warrant Share as follows: (a) 622,694 Management Warrant Shares at an exercise price of $5.42 per Management Warrant Shares; (b) 415,129 Management Warrant Shares at an exercise price of $6.504 per Management Warrant Share; and (c) 207,565 Management Warrant Shares at an exercise price of $7.046 per Management Warrant Share, (vi) 207,565 shares of common stock issuable to certain advisors of the Company upon the exercise of warrants (the “Advisor Warrants”) at an exercise price of $5.962 per Advisor Warrant Share, (vii) 3,113,469 shares of common stock issuable to A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners (“A.G.P.”) pursuant to the Placement Agency Agreement (the “Placement Agency Agreement”) with A.G.P., dated July 27, 2025 (the “Placement Agent Warrant Shares”) at an exercise price of $5.962 per Placement Agent Warrant Share, and (viii) warrants issuable to Dana Wagner, a member of our board of directors, to purchase 207,565 shares of Common Stock (the “Director Warrant Shares”) at various prices per share of Common Stock as follows: (a) 83,026 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.42 per share of Common Stock; (b) 41,513 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.962 per share of Common Stock; (c) 41,513 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.504 per share of Common Stock; and (d) 41,513 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $7.046 per share of Common Stock. The Director Warrants are exercisable for a period of five years.
We are registering the shares on behalf of the Selling Stockholders to be offered and sold by them from time to time. We are not selling any securities under this prospectus and will not receive any proceeds from the sale of Common Stock by the Selling Stockholders pursuant to this prospectus. The Selling Stockholders may offer and sell such shares to or through one or more underwriters, dealers and agents, or directly to purchasers, or through a combination of these methods or any other method permitted by law. See “Plan of Distribution” for more information about how the Selling Stockholders may sell or otherwise dispose of such shares. Our registration of these shares does not mean that the Selling Stockholders will offer or sell any shares of our Common Stock.
Our Common Stock is currently listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “SUIG”. On August 26, 2025, the last reported sale price of our Common Stock was $5.83. The applicable prospectus supplement, if any, will contain information, where applicable, as to any other listing, if any, on The Nasdaq Capital Market or any securities market or other securities exchange of the securities covered by the prospectus supplement. Prospective purchasers of our securities are urged to obtain current information as to the market prices of our securities, where applicable.
We are a “smaller reporting company” as that term is defined in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K, and as such, have elected to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements for the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part and future filings. See “Prospectus Summary — Implications of Being a Smaller Reporting Company” and “Risk Factors — Risks Related to this Offering and Ownership of Our Common Stock.”
Neither the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
We may amend or supplement this prospectus from time to time by filing amendments or supplements as required. We urge you to read the entire prospectus, any amendments or supplements, any free writing prospectuses, and any documents incorporated by reference carefully before you make your investment decision.
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 7 of this prospectus for a discussion of certain risks that you should consider in connection with an investment in our securities.
The date of this prospectus is , 2025.
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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND INDUSTRY DATA |
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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT |
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You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus or in any applicable prospectus supplement prepared by us or on our behalf. Neither we nor the Selling Stockholder have authorized anyone to provide any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement or any free writing prospectus we have prepared. We and the Selling Stockholder take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the securities offered hereby and only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. No dealer, salesperson or other person is authorized to give any information or to represent anything not contained in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus. This prospectus is not an offer to sell securities, and it is not soliciting an offer to buy securities, in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus, or any prospectus supplement is accurate only as of the date on the front of those documents only, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement, or any sale of a security. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.
This prospectus contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described herein, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to herein have been filed, will be filed or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and you may obtain copies of those documents as described in the section entitled under “Where You Can Find More Information.”
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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND INDUSTRY DATA
This prospectus includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, including statements regarding our strategy, future operations, future financial position, future revenue, projected costs, prospects, plans and objectives of management, are forward-looking statements. The words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “predict,” “project,” “target,” “potential,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “continue” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words.
We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Actual results or events could differ materially from the plans, intentions and expectations disclosed in the forward-looking statements we make. We have included important factors in the cautionary statements included in this prospectus, particularly in the “Risk Factors” section, that we believe could cause actual results or events to differ materially from the forward-looking statements that we make. You should also carefully review the risk factors and cautionary statements described in the other documents we file from time to time with the SEC, specifically our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and our Current Reports on Form 8-K. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures or investments we may make.
You should read this prospectus and the documents that we have filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. The forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus are made as of the date hereof, and we do not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements except as required by applicable law.
This prospectus includes certain statistical and other industry and market data that we obtained from industry publications and research, surveys and studies conducted by third parties as well as our own estimates of potential market opportunities. Industry publications and third-party research, surveys and studies generally indicate that their information has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, although they do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information. Our estimates of the potential market opportunities for our product candidates include several key assumptions based on our industry knowledge, industry publications, third-party research and other surveys, which may be based on a small sample size and may fail to accurately reflect market opportunities. While we believe that our internal assumptions are reasonable, no independent source has verified such assumptions.
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Solely for convenience, our trademarks and tradenames referred to in this prospectus may appear without the ® or ™ symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate in any way that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights to these trademarks and tradenames. All other trademarks, service marks and trade names included into this prospectus, or the accompanying prospectus are the property of their respective owners. We do not intend our use or display of other companies’ trade names, trademarks or service marks to imply relationships with, or endorsements or sponsorship of us by, these other companies.
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This summary highlights selected information contained in other parts of this prospectus. Because it is a summary, it does not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in shares of our Common Stock and it is qualified in its entirety by, and should be read in conjunction with, the more detailed information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. You should read the entire prospectus carefully, especially “Risk Factors,” “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Industry Data,” and our financial statements and the related notes incorporated by reference in this prospectus, before deciding to invest in shares of our Common Stock. Unless the context requires otherwise, the words “we,” “us,” “our,” “Company” and “SUIG” refer collectively to Sui Group Holdings Limited, a Minnesota corporation.
Our Company
Sui Group Holdings Limited is a Minnesota corporation that was incorporated in January 2006. From our inception until December 13, 2012, we were a development-stage company involved in the gaming and entertainment industry. In 2013, we elected to become a business development company (“BDC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”). We operated as a BDC until we withdrew our BDC election on December 27, 2019. Since that time, we have engaged in the business of providing short-term specialty finance solutions primarily to private businesses, micro- and small-cap public companies and high-net-worth individuals. To avoid again becoming subject to regulation under the 1940 Act, we generally seek to structure our short-term loans such that they do not constitute “securities” under federal securities law, and we monitor our holdings as a whole to ensure that no more than 40% of our total assets may consist of “investment securities,” as that term is defined and understood under the 1940 Act.
Commencing July 27, 2025, the Company adopted a new treasury policy and strategy under which the principal holding in its treasury reserve on the balance sheet will be allocated to the native cryptocurrency of the Sui blockchain commonly referred to as “SUI.” The Board of Directors approved the Company’s treasury policy on July 27, 2025, authorizing the long-term accumulation of SUI. We believe our position as a public company with an official Sui Foundation relationship through our the Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement provides our investors with institutional-grade exposure to the Sui blockchain, and that Sui is well positioned for large-scale adoption with the speed and efficiency institutions require for crypto at scale, plus the technical architecture capable of supporting AI workloads while maintaining security and decentralization. The Sui Foundation is an independent organization dedicated to the advancement and adoption of the Sui network. The Company’s approach involves acquiring SUI directly — both through market purchases and direct purchases from the Sui Foundation. This treasury initiative seeks to enhance the Company’s capital allocation strategy and does not affect its core commercial short-term non-bank lending and specialty finance business, which remains fully operational and a central part of the Company’s business.
Effective August 26, 2025, we changed our corporate name from Mill City Ventures III, Ltd. to Sui Group Holdings Limited, and in connection with this change, the ticker symbol for the Common Stock on Nasdaq, and the ticker symbol for its common stock available for options trading on the Cboe, from “MCVT” to “SUIG.”
Our Corporate Information
We were incorporated in the State of Minnesota in January 2006. Our principal executive offices are located at 1907 Wayzata Boulevard, Suite 205, Wayzata, MN 55391 and our telephone number is (952) 479-1923. Our corporate website address is www.millcityventures3.com. The information included on our website or in any social media associated with the Company is not part of this prospectus and should not be relied upon in determining whether to make an investment decision.
Our Common Stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “SUIG.”
We are subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and in accordance therewith, we file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. The address of the SEC’s website is www.sec.gov. We make available free of charge on or through our website our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material
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with or otherwise furnish it to the SEC. Any statement contained herein or in any document incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any other subsequently filed document that also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or replaces such statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed to constitute a part of this prospectus, except as so modified or superseded.
PIPE Transaction
On July 27, 2025, the Company entered into securities purchase agreements (the “Securities Purchase Agreements”) with the investors identified on the signature pages thereto (the “PIPE Investors”) and a related registration rights agreement (the “RRA”) in connection with the issuance and sale in a private placement of the following securities to the PIPE Investors for gross proceeds of approximately $450 million: (i) 75,881,625 shares (the “Common Shares”) of the Company’s Common Stock and (ii) pre-funded warrants (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”) to purchase up to an aggregate of 7,144,205 shares of Common Stock (the “Pre-Funded Warrant Shares”) at an exercise price of $0.0001 per share (the “PIPE Transaction”). The offering price for one share of Common Stock was $5.42 and the offering price for one Pre-Funded Warrant was $5.4199. The PIPE Transaction closed on July 31, 2025.
The Pre-Funded Warrants are exercisable immediately, and may be exercised at any time until all of the Pre-Funded Warrants issued in the PIPE transaction are exercised in full. The exercise price and number of Pre-Funded Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrant are subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of stock dividends, stock splits, reorganizations or similar events affecting our Common Stock and the exercise price. The Pre-Funded Warrant may be exercised, in whole or in part, at any time by means of a “cashless exercise.” The Pre-Funded Warrants for certain PIPE Investors provide that the holder may not exercise any portion of such holder’s Pre-Funded Warrants to the extent that the holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own more than 4.99% (or, at the election of the holder, 9.99%) of the Company’s outstanding shares of Common Stock immediately after exercise, except that upon at least 61 days’ prior notice from the holder to the Company, the holder may increase the beneficial ownership limitation to up to 19.99% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise.
Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreements, the Company has agreed not to issue, enter into any agreement to issue, or announce the issuance or proposed issuance of any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock equivalents, or file any registration statement or any amendment or supplement thereto, for a period of 15 days after the effective date of the Resale Registration Statement (as defined below), subject to certain customary exceptions. The Company also agreed not to undertake any reclassifications of its Common Stock, such as a reverse or forward stock split, without the written consent of PIPE Investors holding a majority in interest of the shares issued or issuable to each PIPE Investor under the Securities Purchase Agreements, for a period of one year following the closing of the PIPE Transaction, provided such consent will not be required to conduct a reverse stock split to maintain listing of the Common Stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market.
The Company intends to use the proceeds from the PIPE Transaction to acquire the native cryptocurrency of the Sui blockchain commonly referred to as “SUI” and other cryptocurrencies with the Sui layer 1 blockchain protocol and for the establishment of the Company’s cryptocurrency treasury operations, with 2% of the net proceeds to be used to fund the Company’s short-term lending business.
Additionally, pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreements, the Company issued:
(i) warrants (the “Lead Investor Warrants”) to Karatage Opportunities (“Karatage”), a Purchaser in the PIPE transaction and a strategic advisor to the Company (as described below), to purchase 3,113,469 shares of Common Stock (the “Lead Investor Warrant Shares”) at various prices per share of Common Stock as follows: (i) 1,245,387 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.42 per share of Common Stock; (ii) 1,245,387 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.962 per share of Common Stock; (iii) 415,130 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.504 per share of Common Stock; and (iv) 207,565 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $7.046 per share of Common Stock;
(ii) warrants (the “Foundation Investor Warrants”) to the Sui Foundation (the “Foundation Investor”), a Purchaser in the PIPE transaction, to purchase 3,113,469 shares of Common Stock (the “Foundation Investor Warrant Shares”) at various prices per share of Common Stock as follows: (i) 1,245,387 shares of
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Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.42 per share of Common Stock; (ii) 1,245,387 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.962 per share of Common Stock; (iii) 415,130 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.504 per share of Common Stock; and (iv) 207,565 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $7.046 per share of Common Stock;
(iii) warrants (the “Management Warrants”) to certain members of the management of the Company to purchase 1,245,387 shares of Common Stock (the “Management Warrant Shares”) at various prices per share of Common Stock as follows: (i) 622,694 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.42 per share of Common Stock; (ii) 415,129 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.504 per share of Common Stock; and (iii) 207,565 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $7.046 per share of Common Stock; and
(iv) warrants (the “Advisor Warrants” and together with the Lead Investor Warrants, the Foundation Investor Warrants and the Management Warrants, the “Warrants”) to certain advisors of the Company to purchase 207,565 shares of Common Stock (the “Advisor Warrant Shares” and together with the Lead Investor Warrant Shares, the Foundation Investor Warrant Shares and the Management Warrant Shares, the “Warrant Shares”) at a price per share equal to $5.962.
The Warrants are exercisable for a period of five years from the date of issuance of the Warrants. The Warrants will vest over a period of 24 months starting six months from the Issue Date (as defined therein) in four equal installments (being 25% every six months) and in the case of the Management Warrants, subject to the relevant holder still being employed by the Company at each respective vesting date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that member of the management team is terminated by the Company other than for cause or resigns for good reason (as defined in the individual’s employment agreement), the vesting of all of such individual’s Management Warrants will immediately accelerate and be fully vested as of the date of such termination.
The Company also entered into a Placement Agency Agreement (the “Placement Agency Agreement”) with A.G.P., dated July 27, 2025, pursuant to which A.G.P. agreed to serve as the exclusive placement agent for the Company in connection with the PIPE Transaction. The Company agreed to pay A.G.P. a cash fee equal to (i) 8.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds up to the first $100 million in gross proceeds; (ii) 3.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds in excess of $100 million in gross proceeds; and (iii) 1.5% of the aggregate gross proceeds in excess of $500 million in gross proceeds raised; provided that the cash fee payable to A.G.P. in connection with the aggregate gross proceeds for the first $500 million raised in the PIPE Transaction will not exceed 4.0%. The Company also agreed to issue to A.G.P. warrants (the “Placement Agent Warrants”) to purchase up to 3,113,469 shares of Common Stock (equal to 3.75% of the securities sold in the PIPE Transaction) (the “Placement Agent Warrant Shares”). The Placement Agent Warrants will become exercisable six months following the issuance, or February 28, 2026, and will be exercisable for a period of five years following the issuance date, at an exercise price of $5.962 per Placement Agent Warrant Share. In addition, the Company agreed to reimburse A.G.P. for accountable expenses in an amount of $200,000 for its legal fees in connection with the PIPE Transaction, as well as non-accountable expenses incurred by A.G.P. for up to $25,000 in connection with the PIPE Transaction.
On July 27, 2025, our board of directors elected Dana Wagner to serve as a member of the board of directors effective July 31, 2025. We agreed to grant to Mr. Wagner warrants (the “Director Warrants”) to purchase 207,565 shares of Common Stock (the “Director Warrant Shares”) at various prices per share of Common Stock as follows: (i) 83,026 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.42 per share of Common Stock; (ii) 41,513 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.962 per share of Common Stock; (iii) 41,513 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.504 per share of Common Stock; and (iv) 41,513 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $7.046 per share of Common Stock. The Director Warrants are exercisable for a period of five years. The Director Warrants will vest over a period of 24 months starting six months from the Issue Date (as defined therein) in four equal instalments (being 25% every six months), subject to Mr. Wagner (i) being a director of the Company at each respective vesting date and (ii) not having been legally and validly terminated or removed as a director pursuant to the Company’s bylaws and applicable law.
Under the RRA entered into in connection with the PIPE Transaction, the Company agreed to file a registration statement (the “Resale Registration Statement”) for the resale by the PIPE Investors of the Common Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares, Lead Investor Warrant Shares, Foundation Investor Warrant Shares and Management Warrant Shares within 10 days of the closing of the PIPE Transaction under the Securities Purchase Agreements, and to have the registration statement declared effective within 30 days of its filing date, subject to certain exceptions.
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Recent Developments
Change in Management
Effective as of July 31, 2025, Lyle Berman resigned from the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) and, to the extent applicable, all committees thereof. Mr. Berman’s resignation was not related to any disagreements with the Company.
On July 27, 2025, and effective as of July 31, 2025, the Board elected and appointed Marius Barnett and Dana Wagner as members to the Board of the Company, to fill the vacancies on the Board. Mr. Barnett serves as Chairman of the Board, and Mr. Wagner serves on the Audit Committee of the Board.
After such replacements, the Board is composed of Douglas M. Polinsky, Joseph A. Geraci II, Marius Barnett (chairman), Dana Wagner (independent), and Howard P. Liszt (independent). The Audit Committee is composed of Mr. Liszt and Mr. Wagner. The Compensation Committee is composed of Mr. Liszt. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is composed of Mr. Liszt.
On July 27, 2025, and effective as of July 31, 2025, the Board made the following officer appointments:
• Stephen Mackintosh was appointed by the Board as the Chief Investment Officer of the Company. Mr. Mackintosh, age 37, is a co-founder at Karatage, a principal investing business in the blockchain and deep tech sector. He has also served as an advisor to the web3 cohort at Entrepreneurs First, a talent incubator that has helped create over 600 startups with a combined value of over $11 billion. Previously, Mr. Mackintosh was Chief Commercial Officer at Re:infer, a natural language processing startup that was acquired by UiPath (NYSE: PATH) in August 2022. He also served as an advisor to Resolve Group, a London-based finance house providing corporate finance and restructuring services, acquired by Evelyn Partners. Mr. Mackintosh earned a 1st Class BA Honors degree from University College London.
The SUI Strategy
Commencing July 27, 2025, the Company adopted a new treasury policy and strategy under which the principal holding in its treasury reserve on the balance sheet will be allocated to the native cryptocurrency of the Sui blockchain commonly referred to as “SUI.” The Board approved the Company’s treasury policy on July 27, 2025, authorizing the long-term accumulation of SUI. We believe our position as a public company with an official Sui Foundation relationship through our the Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement provides our investors with institutional-grade exposure to the Sui blockchain, and that Sui is well positioned for large-scale adoption with the speed and efficiency institutions require for crypto at scale, plus the technical architecture capable of supporting AI workloads while maintaining security and decentralization. The Sui Foundation is an independent organization dedicated to the advancement and adoption of the Sui network. The Company’s approach involves acquiring SUI directly — both through market purchases and direct purchases from the Sui Foundation. This treasury initiative seeks to enhance the Company’s capital allocation strategy and does not affect its core commercial short-term non-bank lending and specialty finance business, which remains fully operational and a central part of the Company’s business.
The Company raised gross proceeds of approximately $138 million in SUI (the “SUI Proceeds”) and approximately $312 million USD in cash (the “Cash PIPE Proceeds”) in the PIPE Transaction (see “— PIPE Transaction” below for additional information). On July 31, 2025, pursuant to the Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement, the Company used approximately $140 million of the Cash PIPE Proceeds to acquire SUI (the “Initial Purchased Digital Assets”). See “— Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement” below for additional information.) In the next 12 months, the Company intends to use approximately $140 million of Cash PIPE Proceeds to acquire additional SUI. Approximately 2% of the net proceeds from the PIPE Transaction will be used to fund the Company’s short-term lending business. The Company does currently intend to diversify its short-term lending product offering or offer any new products in the next 12 months. See — “SUI Treasury Strategy” for additional information.
Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement
On July 27, 2025, the Company entered into a Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement (the “Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement”) with the Sui Foundation (the “Foundation Investor”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase and the Foundation Investor agreed to sell and transfer certain SUI tokens as set forth in one or more
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confirmations. The USD price per SUI token purchased pursuant to the Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement will be equal to the product of (i) 0.85 multiplied by (ii) the twenty four (24)-hour time weighted average price on the Closing Date (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreements), as reasonably calculated by the Company. Pursuant to the terms of the Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement, the SUI tokens purchased will be subject to transfer restrictions for a period of two years following purchase. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the transfer restrictions will not apply to the extent necessary to enable the Company to comply, or to be in compliance with, the provisions of the U.S. Investment Company Act of 1940. The Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement also provides the Company with certain preemptive rights to purchase additional SUI tokens for a two (2) year period after the Closing Date.
The PEF Agreement with A.G.P.
On August 1, 2025, we entered into a stock purchase agreement (the “PEF Agreement”) by and between us and A.G.P establishing a principal equity facility (“PEF”) pursuant to which A.G.P. agreed to purchase from us up to an aggregate of $500 million of our Common Stock (the “Total Commitment”) from time to time over the term of the PEF Agreement. Also, on August 1, 2025, we entered into a registration rights agreement with A.G.P. (the “Registration Rights Agreement”). Pursuant to our obligations under the Registration Rights Agreement, we have filed with the SEC the registration statement that includes a prospectus (the “PEF Prospectus”) to register the resale under the Securities Act of the shares of Common Stock that may be issued to A.G.P. pursuant to the Total Commitment under the PEF Agreement. Pursuant to the terms of the PEF, we may elect, in our sole discretion, to issue and sell to the A.G.P., from time to time, up to $500 million of shares of Common Stock (the “Total Commitment”) after the date of the PEF Prospectus. The shares of Common Stock will be purchased by A.G.P. at a price per share equal to 95.0% of the volume weighted average price (“VWAP”) per share of our Common Stock, and equal to 95.0% of the VWAP for certain intraday purchases.
Information Regarding our Capitalization
As of August 27, 2025, we had 82,148,429 shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding. Additional information regarding our issued and outstanding securities may be found under “Description of Capital Stock.”
Unless otherwise specifically stated, information throughout this prospectus does not assume the exercise of outstanding options or warrants to purchase shares of our Common Stock and gives effect to the Stock Split.
Implications of Being a Smaller Reporting Company
We are a “smaller reporting company” as defined in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K, and have elected to take advantage of certain of the scaled disclosure available for smaller reporting companies. We will remain a smaller reporting company until the end of the fiscal year in which (1) we have a public common equity float of more than $250 million, or (2) we have annual revenues for the most recently completed fiscal year of more than $100 million and a public common equity float or public float of more than $700 million. We also would not be eligible for status as a smaller reporting company if we become an investment company, an asset-backed issuer or a majority-owned subsidiary of a parent company that is not a smaller reporting company.
We have elected to take advantage of certain of the reduced disclosure obligations in the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and may elect to take advantage of other reduced reporting requirements in future filings. As a result, the information that we provide to our stockholders may be different from what you might receive from other public reporting companies in which you hold equity interests.
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Common Stock outstanding before this offering:(1) |
82,148,429 |
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Common Stock offered by the Selling Stockholders: |
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Common Stock to be outstanding after giving effect to this offering:(1) |
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Use of proceeds: |
We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of Common Stock by the Selling Stockholders hereunder. See the section titled “Use of Proceeds” for additional information. |
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Plan of Distribution: |
The Selling Stockholders will determine when and how they sell all or a portion of the shares of Common Stock offered pursuant to this prospectus as described in the section titled “Plan of Distribution.” |
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Risk factors: |
See the section titled “Risk Factors” and other information included in this prospectus, and incorporated by reference herein, for a discussion of factors you should consider carefully before deciding to invest in our Common Stock. |
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Trading market and symbol: |
Our Common Stock is currently listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “SUIG”. |
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Transfer agent: |
The transfer agent and registrar for our Common Stock is Pacific Stock Transfer. |
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(1) The number of shares of our Common Stock issued and outstanding before and immediately after this offering is based on 82,148,429 shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding as of August 26, 2025, and excludes the following:
• 3,469 shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding warrants with a weighted-average exercise price of $5.00 per share;
• 537,500 shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding vested and unvested stock options with a weighted-average exercise price of $2.12 per share; and
• 30,000 shares of our Common Stock reserved for future issuance under our 2022 Stock Incentive Plan.
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Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described under “Risk Factors” in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K as supplemented or updated in our most recent quarterly report on Form 10-Q, any current report on Form 8-K, as well as any accompanying prospectus supplement, together with all of the other information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and in any accompanying prospectus supplement, including our financial statements and related notes, before deciding whether to purchase our securities.
Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected by any or all of these risks or by additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial that may adversely affect us in the future. The Company is supplementing the risk factors previously disclosed in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as amended (the “Form 10-K”) with the following risk factors. These risk factors should be read in conjunction with the risk factors included in the Form 10-K.
Risks Related to This Offering and Ownership of Our Common Stock
Future sales of our Common Stock, or the perception in the public markets that these sales may occur, could cause the market price of our Common Stock to decline.
Sales of a substantial number of shares of our Common Stock in the public market could occur at any time, subject to the restrictions and limitations described below. If our stockholders sell, or the market perceives that our stockholders intend to sell, substantial amounts of our Common Stock in the public market following this offering, the market price of our Common Stock could decline significantly.
We have reserved 900,000 shares of Common Stock for issuance under 2022 Stock Incentive Plan, and as of the date of this prospectus we have 30,000 available to be issued. We cannot predict the effect, if any, that market sales of shares of our Common Stock or the availability of shares of our Common Stock for sale will have on the market price of our Common Stock prevailing from time to time. Sales of substantial amounts of shares of our Common Stock in the public market, or the perception that those sales will occur, could cause the market price of our Common Stock to decline.
Such shares are currently registered on Form S-8 and are available for sale in the public market subject to vesting arrangements and exercise of options and, in the case of our affiliates, the restrictions of Rule 144 under the Securities Act.
Such shares could be freely sold in the public market without limitation. If these additional shares are sold, or if it is perceived that they will be sold, in the public market, the trading price of our Common Stock could decline.
You may experience additional dilution in the future.
To raise additional capital, the Company may in the future offer additional Company securities, including shares of our Common Stock, at prices that may not be the same as the price per share in this offering. The Company or other stockholders may sell shares of Common Stock or other securities in any other offering at a price per share that is less than the price per share paid by investors in this offering, and investors purchasing shares or other securities in the future could have rights superior to existing stockholders. The price per share at which the Company or other stockholders sell additional shares of Common Stock, or the Company sells securities convertible or exchangeable into Common Stock, in future transactions, may be higher or lower than the price per share paid by investors in this offering. Furthermore, sales of a substantial number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock in the public markets, or the perception that such sales could occur, could depress the market price of our Common Stock.
Our financial results and the market price of our Common Stock may be affected by the prices of SUI.
As part of our capital allocation strategy for assets that are not required to provide working capital for our ongoing operations, we have invested and will continue to invest in SUI. As of the date of this prospectus, we held an aggregate of 96,318,536 SUI, which we acquired for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $350.8 million. The price of SUI has historically been subject to dramatic price fluctuations and is highly volatile. SUI is a highly volatile asset that has traded between $0.53 and $5.37 per SUI on Coinbase in the 12 months preceding the date of this prospectus. More recently, during the second calendar quarter of 2025, SUI traded between approximately $1.72 and $4.12 per
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SUI. Moreover, digital assets, such as SUI, are relatively novel. SUI’s initial coin offering took place on April 20, 2023, and Sui’s Mainnet (blockchain protocol) was launched on May 3, 2023. The application of securities laws and other regulations to such assets is unclear in many respects. It is possible that regulators may interpret laws in a manner that adversely affects the liquidity or value of SUI.
Any decrease in the fair value of SUI below our carrying value for such assets could require us to incur a loss due to the decrease in fair market value, and such charge could be material to our financial results for the applicable reporting period, which may create significant volatility in our reported earnings. Any decrease in reported earnings or increased volatility of such earnings could have a material adverse effect on the market price of our Common Stock. In addition, the application of generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, with respect to SUI, may change in the future and could have a material adverse effect on our financial results and the market price of our Common Stock.
In addition, if investors view the value of our Common Stock as dependent upon or linked to the value or change in the value of our SUI holdings, the price of SUI may significantly influence the market price of our Common Stock.
The prices of digital currencies, including SUI, may be influenced by regulatory, commercial, and technical factors that are highly uncertain, and fluctuations in the price of bitcoin are likely to influence our financial results and the market price of our common stock.
Fluctuations in the trading prices of digital assets are likely to influence our financial results and the market price of our common stock. Our financial results and the market price of our Common Stock would be adversely affected and our business and financial condition could be negatively impacted if the price of bitcoin decreased substantially, including as a result of:
• decreased user and investor confidence in digital assets;
• investment and trading activities of highly active retail and institutional users, speculators, miners and investors;
• negative publicity or events relating to digital assets;
• negative or unpredictable media or social media coverage on digital assets;
• public sentiment related to the actual or perceived environmental impact of digital assets, and related activities, including environmental concerns raised by private individuals and governmental actors related to the energy resources consumed in the mining process;
• changes in consumer preferences and the perceived value of digital assets;
• competition from other crypto assets that are believed to exhibit better speed, security, scalability, or other characteristics, or that are backed by governments, including the U.S. government;
• correlations between the prices of digital assets, including the potential that a crash in one digital asset or widespread defaults on one digital asset exchange or trading venue may cause a crash in the price of SUI, or a series of defaults by counterparties on SUI asset exchanges or trading venues;
• interruptions in service or failures of the principal markets for or market participants active in trading involving digital assets;
• reductions in staking rewards validator rewards and other incentives of digital assets;
• transaction congestion and fees associated with processing transactions of digital assets;
• changes in the level of interest rates and inflation, monetary policies of governments, trade restrictions, and fiat currency devaluations;
• developments in mathematics or technology, including in digital computing, algebraic geometry and quantum computing, that could result in the cryptography being used by digital assets becoming insecure or ineffective; and
• national and international economic and political conditions.
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The growth of the digital assets industry in general, and the use and acceptance of SUI in particular, as well as other digital assets, may also impact the price of our digital asset holdings and is subject to a high degree of uncertainty. The pace of worldwide growth in the adoption and use of digital assets, and SUI in particular, may depend, for instance, on public familiarity with digital assets, ease of buying and accessing the digital assets, institutional and consumer demand for SUI, and the availability and popularity of alternatives to bitcoin. Even if growth in bitcoin adoption occurs in the near or medium-term, there is no assurance that bitcoin usage will continue to grow over the long-term or that such growth will lead to a growth of the adoption of SUI.
Because SUI has no physical existence beyond the record of transactions on their respective blockchains, a variety of technical factors related to the SUI blockchain could also impact the price of SUI. For example, malicious attacks by miners, inadequate mining fees to incentivize validating of transactions, hard forks of the blockchain into multiple blockchains, and advances in digital computing, algebraic geometry and quantum computing could undercut the integrity of the blockchain and negatively affect the price of our digital asset holdings. The liquidity of SUI may also be reduced and damage to the public perception of SUI may occur, if financial institutions were to deny banking services to businesses that hold digital assets, provide digital asset-related services or accept digital assets as payment, which could also decrease the price of our digital asset holdings.
The trading prices of many digital assets, including SUI, have experienced extreme volatility in recent periods and may continue to do so. Extreme volatility in the future, including further decline in the trading prices of SUI, could have a material adverse effect on the Company.
The trading prices of many digital assets, including SUI, have experienced extreme volatility in recent periods and may continue to do so. For instance, there were steep increases in the value of certain digital assets over the course of 2021, and multiple market observers asserted that digital assets were experiencing a “bubble.” These increases were followed by steep drawdowns throughout 2022 in digital asset trading prices. SUI was launched in May 2023, and over the course of 2023 and 2024, prices of digital assets continued to exhibit extreme volatility. SUI reached an all-time low price of $0.3639 in October 2023 and an all-time high price of $5.34 on January 4, 2025. As of June 5, 2025, the price of SUI was $2.96. Like many digital assets, SUI surged in value in its initial trading period, but shortly thereafter saw a decline in market interest, resulting in a price decrease. The recent increase in SUI’s value is likely attributable to the Sui Network’s improved scalability and Web3 integration, as well as recent global trade disputes and economic policy shifts, which have created heightened interest in cryptocurrency markets.
Extreme volatility may persist. The digital asset markets may still be experiencing a bubble or may experience a bubble again in the future. For example, in the first half of 2022, each of Celsius Network, Voyager Digital Ltd., and Three Arrows Capital declared bankruptcy, resulting in a loss of confidence in participants of the digital asset ecosystem and negative publicity surrounding digital assets more broadly. In November 2022, FTX Trading Ltd. (“FTX”) one of the largest digital asset exchanges by volume at the time, halted customer withdrawals amid rumors of the company’s liquidity issues and likely insolvency, which were subsequently corroborated by its CEO. Shortly thereafter, FTX’s CEO resigned, and FTX and many of its affiliates filed for bankruptcy in the United States, while other affiliates have entered insolvency, liquidation, or similar proceedings around the globe, following which the U.S. Department of Justice brought criminal fraud and other charges, and the SEC and CFTC brought civil securities and commodities fraud charges, against certain of FTX’s and its affiliates’ senior executives, including its former CEO, who was found guilty of these criminal charges in November 2023. In addition, several other entities in the digital asset industry filed for bankruptcy following FTX’s bankruptcy filing, such as BlockFi Inc. and Genesis Global Capital, LLC (“Genesis”). In response to these events (collectively, the “2022 Events”), the digital asset markets have experienced extreme price volatility and other entities in the digital asset industry have been, and may continue to be, negatively affected, further undermining confidence in the digital asset markets. These events have also negatively impacted the liquidity of the digital asset markets as certain entities affiliated with FTX engaged in significant trading activity. If the liquidity of the digital asset markets continues to be negatively impacted by these events, digital asset prices, including SUI, may continue to experience significant volatility or price declines, and confidence in the digital asset markets may be further undermined. In addition, regulatory and enforcement scrutiny has been significant, including from, among others, the U.S. Department of Justice, the SEC, the CFTC, the White House and Congress, as well as state regulators and authorities. It is not possible to predict at this time all of the risks that they may pose to the Company, its service providers or to the digital asset industry as a whole.
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The SUI Network utilizes the Move programming language, which is designed to enhance security, minimize attack vectors, and provide more efficient execution of smart contract logic. The use of the Move programming language may make SUI more susceptible to volatility. Although powerful and efficient, Move is less widely known than more established programming languages. Developers’ lack of experience with Move could deter the adoption and development of SUI, leading to increased price volatility. Extreme volatility in the future, including further declines in the trading prices of SUI, could have a material adverse effect on the Company.
The price of our Common Stock has been and may continue to be volatile and fluctuate substantially, which could result in substantial losses for purchasers of our Common Stock.
Our stock price has been and is likely to continue to be volatile. The stock market in general has experienced extreme volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. With the adoption of our new SUI treasury strategy, we expect to see additional volatility. As a result of this volatility, you may not be able to sell your Common Stock. The market price for our Common Stock may be influenced by many factors, including:
• our SUI treasury strategy;
• the success of competitive products, services or technologies;
• regulatory or legal developments in the United States and other countries;
• the recruitment or departure of key personnel;
• actual or anticipated changes in estimates as to financial results, development timelines or recommendations by securities analysts;
• variations in our financial results or those of companies that are perceived to be similar to us;
• general economic, industry and market conditions; and
• the other factors described in this ‘‘Risk Factors’’ section and in the “Risk Factors” section of our other SEC filings, including our most recent annual report on Form 10-K.
Our management may invest or otherwise use the proceeds of any offering by the Company in ways with which you may not agree or in ways that may not yield a return.
Our management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds from any offering by the Company and could use the proceeds in ways that do not improve our results of operations or enhance the value of our Common Stock. The failure by our management to apply these funds effectively could result in financial losses that could cause the price of our Common Stock to decline and delay the development of additional products and services our pursuit of our new SUI strategy. Pending their use, we may invest the net proceeds from this offering in a manner that does not produce income or that loses value. We will not receive any proceeds from sales by the Selling Stockholder.
We may use the net proceeds from any offering by the Company to purchase additional SUI, the price of which has been, and will likely continue to be, highly volatile.
We may use the net proceeds from any offering by the Company to purchase additional SUI. SUI is a highly volatile asset that has traded between $0.53 and $5.37 per SUI on Coinbase in the 12 months preceding the date of this prospectus. More recently, during the second calendar quarter of 2025, SUI traded between approximately $1.72 and $4.12 per SUI. In addition, SUI does not pay interest. The ability to generate a return on investment from the net proceeds from any offering by the Company will depend on whether there is appreciation in the value of SUI following our purchases of SUI with the net proceeds from any offering by the Company. Future fluctuations in SUI’s trading prices may result in our converting SUI purchased with the net proceeds from this offering into cash with a value substantially below the net proceeds from such an offering. We will not receive any proceeds from sales by the Selling Stockholder.
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The value of SUI may be highly volatile and subject to fluctuations due to a number of factors.
Fluctuations in the price of SUI could adversely affect the Company. The market price of SUI may be highly volatile, and subject to a number of factors, including:
• An increase in the global SUI supply;
• Forks in the SUI network;
• Investors’ expectations with respect to interest rates, the rates of inflation of fiat currencies or SUI, and Digital Asset Trading Platform rates;
• Consumer preferences and perceptions of SUI specifically and digital assets generally;
• Fiat currency withdrawal and deposit policies on Digital Asset Trading Platforms;
• The liquidity of Digital Asset Markets and any increase or decrease in trading volume on Digital Asset Markets;
• Investment and trading activities of large investors that invest directly or indirectly in SUI;
• An active derivatives market for SUI or for digital assets generally;
• A determination that SUI is a security or changes in SUI’s status under the federal securities laws;
• Monetary policies of governments, trade restrictions, currency devaluations and revaluations and regulatory measures or enforcement actions, if any, that restrict the use of SUI as a form of payment or the purchase of SUI on the Digital Asset Markets;
• Global or regional political, economic or financial conditions, events and situations;
• Fees associated with processing a SUI transaction and the speed at which SUI transactions are settled;
• Interruptions in service from or closures or failures of major Digital Asset Trading Platforms;
• Decreased confidence in Digital Asset Trading Platforms due to the largely unregulated nature and lack of transparency surrounding the operations of Digital Asset Trading Platforms;
• Increased competition from other forms of digital assets or payment services; and
• The Company’s own acquisitions or dispositions of SUI.
In addition, there is no assurance that SUI will maintain its value in the long or intermediate term. The value of SUI as represented by the Pricing Benchmark or by the Company’s principal market may also be subject to momentum pricing due to speculation regarding future appreciation in value, leading to greater volatility that could adversely affect the Company. Momentum pricing typically is associated with growth stocks and other assets whose valuation, as determined by the investing public, accounts for future appreciation in value, if any. The Company believes that momentum pricing of SUI has resulted, and may continue to result, in speculation regarding future appreciation in the price of SUI, inflating and making the price of SUI more volatile. As a result, SUI may be more likely to fluctuate in value due to changing investor confidence, which could impact future appreciation or depreciation in the Pricing Benchmark and could adversely affect the Company.
The concentration of our SUI holdings could enhance the risks inherent in our SUI treasury strategy.
As of August 26, 2025, we held an aggregate 96,318,536 SUI, or approximately 81% of our treasury, which we acquired for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $350.8 million, inclusive of fees and expenses. Further, our SUI holdings represent 85% of our digital asset holdings with the balance being held in USDT and USDC stablecoins. Our significant concentration of SUI ownership creates risk that a large holder or consortium of SUI holders could obtain effective control over network governance and consensus mechanisms. If a single entity accumulates a sufficient percentage of total SUI tokens, it could potentially influence transaction validation, protocol upgrades, or fee structures, which might adversely impact other stakeholders or destabilize the network. Furthermore, concentration increases the risk of contentious hard forks, which have fragmented their communities and impacted asset values. For
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example, in 2017 a group within the Bitcoin community advocated for increasing the block size limit to allow for more transactions, which ultimately lead to the creation of Bitcoin Cash, which features a larger block size. Hard forks can trigger significant price fluctuations in both the original and new cryptocurrencies, because speculation and uncertainty surrounding the fork can lead to increased volatility, making it difficult for investors to predict price movements. Due to our concentration of SUI in our treasury strategy, any such occurrence could lead to volatility or a decrease in the market price of our Common Stock.
We are also exposed to market manipulation risks such as front-running and wash trading, which risk is enhanced due to the concentration of SUI in our treasury strategy. Sophisticated traders or entities with privileged access to order flow may exploit weaknesses in exchange infrastructure to execute trades ahead of pending orders (front-running), artificially inflate trading volumes (wash trading), or otherwise distort the market price of SUI. Such activities can reduce market integrity and liquidity, and create material volatility or losses for holders like us, which could create further risks to us as a result of our concentrated holding of SUI in our treasury strategy.
Custodial arrangements pose additional risks. BitGo is the custodian for all of our SUI, and could experience bankruptcy or insolvency. FTX, a leading cryptocurrency exchange, filed for bankruptcy in November 2022 following an estimated $8 billion liquidity shortfall due to a surge of withdrawals from the exchange, forcing the exchange to halt customer withdrawals. If a similar bankruptcy event occurred for BitGo, there is a risk of partial or total loss of our SUI holdings and delays in asset recovery, which could materially impact financial condition and operations.
Additionally, while we maintain anti-money laundering (AML), know-your-customer (KYC), and other due diligence procedures to screen counterparties, these processes may not be foolproof. If a sanctioned entity or individual evades detection and we complete a transaction with such a party, we could be subject to regulatory and legal penalties, reputational damage, and the forced unwinding of affected transactions. In 2022, several major crypto companies faced significant reputational damage and incurred substantial costs for remediation efforts after their transactions were linked to sanctioned addresses by regulators like the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC). On October 11, 2022, OFAC announced a more than $24.28 million settlement with Bittrex Inc., a cryptocurrency exchange. The settlement resolved 116,421 transactions with persons with an internet protocol (IP) address or physical address in the Crimea region of Ukraine, Cuba, Iran, Sudan and Syria that resulted in violations of multiple U.S. sanctions programs. Should we enter into transactions involving our SUI holdings, there is risk over similar oversights, which could lead to significant fines from OFAC and impact our financial results.
Shareholders may not receive the benefits of any forks or airdrops.
In addition to forks, a digital asset may become subject to a similar occurrence known as an “airdrop.” In an airdrop, the promotors of a new digital asset announce to holders of another digital asset that such holders will be entitled to claim a certain amount of the new digital asset for free, based on the fact that they hold such other digital asset. Airdrops may be conducted by sending a token to the holders of set amounts of SUI. Or airdrops may involve a user being entitled to claim tokens on a decentralized application, second-layer network or entirely separate digital asset network. As such, a user entitled to receive airdrops may be required to take little or significant actions in order to receive such airdropped tokens. Shareholders may not receive the benefits of any forks, the Company may not choose, or be able, to participate in an airdrop, and the timing of receiving any benefits from a fork, airdrop or similar event is uncertain.
A right to receive any such benefit of a fork or airdrop is referred to as an “Incidental Right” and any digital asset acquired through an Incidental Right as “IR Assets.” There are likely to be operational, tax, securities law, regulatory, legal and practical issues that significantly limit, or prevent entirely, shareholders’ ability to realize a benefit, through their interests in the Company, from any such Incidental Rights or IR Assets.
The Company may choose to evaluate any such fork, airdrop or similar occurrence on a case-by-case basis in consultation with the Company’s legal advisors, tax consultants and the Asset Manager. In determining whether to attempt to acquire and/or retain any Incidental Right or IR Asset, the Company expects to take into consideration whatever factors it deems relevant in their discretion, including, without limitation:
• the Asset Management Agreement to provide access to the Incidental Right or IR Asset;
• the ability to distribute the Incidental Right or IR Asset in-kind or otherwise assign on the books and records of the Asset Manager the Incidental Rights to an agent of the shareholders;
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• the availability of a safe and practical way to custody the Incidental Right or IR Asset;
• the costs or operational burden of taking possession and/or maintaining ownership of the Incidental Right or IR Asset and whether such costs or burden exceed the benefits of owning such Incidental Rights or IR Asset or the proceeds that would be realized for the Company or shareholders from a sale thereof;
• whether there are any legal or regulatory restrictions on or risks or consequences arising from, or tax implications with respect to, the acceptance, retention, ownership, sale, transfer, abandonment, distribution or disposal or disposition of the Incidental Right or IR Asset, regardless of whether there is a safe and practical way to custody and secure such Incidental Right or IR Asset;
• the existence of a suitable market into which the Incidental Right or IR Asset may be sold; and
• whether claiming, owning, selling, or otherwise taking any action in respect of Incidental Rights or IR Asset may create legal or regulatory risks, liability, or burdens of any kind for the Company, or shareholders (including, without limitation, if such Incidental Rights or IR Asset is, or may be, a security under federal securities laws or a commodity interest under the Commodity Exchange Act).
In determining whether the Incidental Right or IR Asset is, or may be, a security under federal securities laws, the Company takes into account a number of factors, including the definition of a “security” under Section 2(a)(1) of the Securities Act and Section 3(a)(10) of the Exchange Act, SEC v. W.J. Howey Co., 328 U.S. 293 (1946) and the case law interpreting it, as well as reports, orders, press releases, public statements and speeches by the SEC providing guidance on when a digital asset is a “security” for purposes of the federal securities laws.
The Company intends to evaluate each fork, airdrop or similar occurrence on a case-by-case basis in consultation with the Company’s legal advisors, tax consultants, and the Asset Manager, and may decide to abandon any Incidental Rights or IR Asset resulting from a hard fork, airdrop or similar occurrence should the Board conclude, in its discretion, that such abandonment is in the best interests of the Company.
In the event that any forks or airdrops are in fact considered to be an asset of the Company at any point in time, notwithstanding the discussion above, the assets will be valued in a manner consistent with ASC-820, US GAAP, and the identification of a principal market for the asset.
Our SUI holdings are less liquid than our existing cash and cash equivalents and may not be able to serve as a source of liquidity for us to the same extent as cash and cash equivalents.
Historically, the crypto markets have been characterized by significant volatility in price, limited liquidity and trading volumes compared to sovereign currencies markets, relative anonymity, a developing regulatory landscape, potential susceptibility to market abuse and manipulation, compliance and internal control failures at exchanges, and various other risks inherent in its entirely electronic, virtual form and decentralized network. During times of market instability, we may not be able to sell our SUI at favorable prices or at all. Further, SUI we hold with our custodians and transact with our trade execution partners does not enjoy the same protections as are available to cash or securities deposited with or transacted by institutions subject to regulation by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Securities Investor Protection Corporation. Additionally, we may be unable to enter into term loans or other capital raising transactions collateralized by our unencumbered SUI or otherwise generate funds using our SUI holdings, including in particular during times of market instability or when the price of SUI has declined significantly. If we are unable to sell our SUI, enter into additional capital raising transactions using SUI as collateral, or otherwise generate funds using our SUI holdings, or if we are forced to sell our SUI at a significant loss, in order to meet our working capital requirements, our business and financial condition could be negatively impacted.
Exposure to market abuse and manipulation may affect the market price of SUI.
We have made significant investments in SUI, and plan to continue to do so in the future. Crypto markets, including those for SUI, may be susceptible to market abuse and manipulation, such as wash trading, coordinated pump-and-dump schemes, spoofing, and other forms of manipulative activity. Such market behavior can materially and adversely impact the value and liquidity of the Company’s holdings in SUI. If SUI is affected by these activities, we may experience substantial fluctuations in the fair value of its investment, which could negatively affect our financial condition, results of operations, and reputation. Further, regulatory oversight of crypto markets is evolving, and there
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is no assurance that existing or future regulations or market mechanisms will effectively deter or mitigate the impact of market manipulation. As a result, we remain exposed to additional risks and uncertainties relating to the price and liquidity of SUI, which may result in financial loss or impairment of value in its investment.
The failure, insolvency, or mismanagement of our custodians and trade execution partners may result in the partial or total loss of our SUI holdings, delays or failures in executing trades, or other disruptions to liquidity and access.
Our significant investment in SUI is dependent on third-party custodians and trade execution partners for the safekeeping, transfer, and management of our digital assets. The failure, insolvency, or mismanagement of these service providers may result in the partial or total loss of our SUI holdings, delays or failures in executing trades, or other disruptions to liquidity and access. For example, FTX, a leading cryptocurrency exchange, filed for bankruptcy in November 2022 following an estimated $8 billion liquidity shortfall due to a surge of withdrawals from the exchange, forcing the exchange to halt customer withdrawals. This result was reportedly stemmed from operational mismanagement, including misuse of customer funds, lack of transparency and financial controls, and dependence on its FTT token. Many custodians and trade execution partners in the digital asset industry operate in a rapidly evolving regulatory environment and may have limited experience with robust risk management and operational controls relative to traditional financial institutions. Additionally, potential cyberattacks, fraud, or technical failures affecting these providers could cause asset loss or extended downtime. There can be no assurance that our relationship with BitGo, the custodian of our SUI, or other custodians and trade execution partners will adequately protect our interests, and any failure by these parties could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, operating results, and reputation.
Internal control failures may occur at BitGo, or other crypto custodians or exchanges we may utilize in the future.
The security and accessibility of our SUI assets are, in part, dependent on the integrity and reliability of the crypto custodians and exchanges used to hold, trade, or manage SUI. We currently utilize BitGo as custodian to hold all of our SUI assets. BitGo is a digital asset security firm established in 2013. Many crypto custodians, including BitGo, are relatively new and may be subject to internal control failures, including inadequate cybersecurity measures, poor risk management practices, or operational errors. Such failures can lead to asset loss, theft, suspension or freezing of accounts, delays in executing trades, or compromised private information. If a custodian or exchange we utilize to hold our SUI experiences an internal control failure, we may suffer partial or total loss of our SUI holdings, incur financial losses, experience disruptions in liquidity, or face reputational harm. Further, the regulatory environment relating to internal controls at crypto custodians and exchanges remains uncertain and fragmented, increasing the risk of internal control failures. There can be no assurance that our SUI assets will not be affected by such incidents, and the occurrence of internal control failures could materially and adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations.
We may be unable to enter into term loans or other capital raising transactions collateralized by our unencumbered SUI or otherwise generate funds using our SUI holdings, including in particular during times of market instability or when the price of SUI has declined significantly.
Although we do not currently intend to do so, the ability to access liquidity or raise additional capital through transactions such as term loans collateralized by our SUI holdings is subject to evolving market practices and regulatory frameworks. The digital asset lending and collateralization markets are relatively new, with limited standardized processes, fluctuating asset valuations, and a small pool of counterparties willing to accept SUI as collateral. There can be no assurance that we will be able to enter into term loans or other capital raising transactions using its SUI holdings on favorable terms, or at all. If we are not able to convert its SUI holdings into liquidity or use them as collateral for borrowing, its financial flexibility and ability to pursue growth opportunities, meet obligations, or respond to changing market conditions could be materially and adversely affected.
We may be subject to regulatory developments related to crypto assets and crypto asset markets, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
As SUI and other digital assets are relatively novel and the application of state and federal securities laws and other laws and regulations to digital assets is unclear in certain respects, it is possible that regulators in the United States or foreign countries may interpret or apply existing laws and regulations in a manner that adversely affects the price
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of SUI. The U.S. federal government, states, regulatory agencies, and foreign countries may also enact new laws and regulations, or pursue regulatory, legislative, enforcement or judicial actions, that could materially impact the price of SUI or the ability of individuals or institutions such as us to own or transfer SUI.
If SUI is determined to constitute a security for purposes of the federal securities laws, the additional regulatory restrictions imposed by such a determination could adversely affect the market price of SUI and in turn adversely affect the market price of our Common Stock. Moreover, the risks of us engaging in a SUI treasury strategy have created, and could continue to create complications due to the lack of experience that third parties have with companies engaging in such a strategy, such as increased costs of director and officer liability insurance or the potential inability to obtain such coverage on acceptable terms in the future.
Absent federal regulations, there is a possibility that SUI may be classified as a “security.” Any classification of SUI as a “security” would subject us to additional regulation and could materially impact the operation of our business.
We believe that SUI is not a security but neither the SEC nor any other U.S. federal or state regulator publicly stated whether they agree with our assessment. Despite the Trump Administration’s Executive Order titled “Strengthening American Leadership in Digital Financial Technology” which includes as an objective, “protecting and promoting the ability of individual citizens and private sector entities alike to access and … to maintain self-custody of digital assets,” SUI has not yet been classified with respect to U.S. federal securities laws. Therefore, while (for the reasons discussed below) we have concluded that the SEC is not likely to classify SUI as a “security” within the meaning of the U.S. federal securities laws, and so registration of the Company under The Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) is therefore not required under the applicable securities laws, we acknowledge that a regulatory body or federal court may determine otherwise. Our conclusion, even if reasonable under the circumstances, would not preclude legal or regulatory action based on a determination by the SEC that SUI is a “security” which would require us to register as an investment company under the 1940 Act.
We have also adapted our process for analyzing the U.S. federal securities law status of SUI and other cryptocurrencies over time, as guidance and case law have evolved. As part of our U.S. federal securities law analysis, we take into account a number of factors, including the various definitions of “security” under U.S. federal securities laws and federal court decisions interpreting the elements of these definitions, such as the U.S. Supreme Court’s decisions in the Howey and Reves cases, as well as court rulings, reports, orders, press releases, public statements, and speeches by the SEC Commissioners and SEC Staff providing guidance on when a digital asset or a transaction to which a digital asset may relate may be deemed a security by the SEC for purposes of U.S. federal securities laws. Our position that we believe the SEC would not view SUI as a “security” is premised, among other reasons, on our conclusion SUI does not meet the elements of the Howey test. Among the reasons for our conclusion that SUI is not a security is that holders of SUI do not have a reasonable expectation of profits from our efforts in respect of their holding of SUI. Also, SUI ownership does not convey the right to receive any interest, rewards, or other returns.
We acknowledge, however, that the SEC, a federal court or another relevant regulatory entity with jurisdiction or other enforceable authority over us could take a different view. Application of securities laws to the specific facts and circumstances of digital assets is complex and subject to change. Our conclusion, even if reasonable under the circumstances, would not preclude legal or regulatory action based on a finding that SUI, or any other digital asset we might hold, is a “security.” As such, we are at risk of enforcement proceedings against us, which could result in potential injunctions, cease-and-desist orders, fines, and penalties if SUI was determined to be a security by a regulatory body or a court. Such developments could subject us to fines, penalties, and other damages, and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
If we were deemed to be an investment company under the 1940 Act, applicable restrictions likely would make it impractical for us to continue segments of our business as currently contemplated.
Under Sections 3(a)(1)(A) and (C) of the 1940 Act, a company generally will be deemed to be an “investment company” if (i) it is, or holds itself out as being, engaged primarily, or proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting, or trading in securities or (ii) it engages, or proposes to engage, in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding, or trading in securities and it owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40% of the value of its total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities, shares of registered money market funds under Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act, and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis. Rule 3a-1 under the 1940 Act generally provides that, notwithstanding the Section 3(a)(1)(C) test described in clause (ii) above, an
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entity will not be deemed to be an “investment company” for purposes of the 1940 Act if no more than 45% of the value of its assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities, shares of registered money market funds under Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act, and cash items) consists of, and no more than 45% of its net income after taxes (for the past four fiscal quarters combined) is derived from, securities other than U.S. government securities, shares of registered money market funds under Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act, securities issued by employees’ securities companies, securities issued by qualifying majority owned subsidiaries of such entity, and securities issued by qualifying companies that are controlled primarily by such entity. We do not believe that we are an “investment company” as such term is defined in either Section 3(a)(1)(A) or Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the 1940 Act.
Our business is focused on providing short-term specialty finance solutions primarily to private businesses, micro- and small-cap public companies and high-net-worth individuals. To avoid becoming subject to regulation under the 1940 Act, we generally seek to structure our loans such that they do not constitute “securities” under federal securities law (whether by limiting the term to maturity of our loans to nine months or less, or by otherwise structuring our loans to be commercial loan transactions, and by avoiding participation in the offer and sale of instruments to any broad segment of the public), and we monitor our holdings as a whole to ensure that no more than 40% of our total assets is likely to consist of “investment securities,” as that term is defined and understood under the 1940 Act. We do not believe that our principal activities will subject us to the 1940 Act. To this end, we hold reserve un-invested assets in cash and United States “government securities” within the meaning of Section 2(a)(16) of the Act having a maturity of 185 days or less or in money market funds meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 promulgated under the 1940 Act, which invest only in direct U.S. government treasury obligations. Furthermore, we periodically monitor our investment holdings as a whole with a view towards ensuring that investments and other holdings which may be considered “investment securities” do not comprise more than 40% of our total assets. We undertake this analysis (1) on a quarterly basis and in connection with the review and preparation of our financial statements filed as part of our quarterly and annual reports with the SEC, and (2) at other times when we are considering how to structure a new transaction that is of a significant size — with “significance” largely based on the outcome of our most recent quarterly review. This review is generally undertaken by our Chief Financial Officer and may involve outside legal counsel, in particular in a case where we are considering the structure of a potential new transaction.
With respect to Section 3(a)(1)(A), following the PIPE Transaction, approximately 98% percent of the net proceeds of the PIPE Transaction will be used to acquire SUI, which will be an amount in excess of 40% of our total assets. Since we believe SUI is not an investment security, we do not hold ourselves out as being engaged primarily, nor do we propose to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting, or trading in securities within the meaning of Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the 1940 Act.
With respect to Section 3(a)(1)(C), we believe we satisfy the elements of Rule 3a-1 and therefore are deemed not to be an investment company under, and we intend to conduct our operations such that we will not be deemed an investment company under, Section 3(a)(1)(C). We believe that we are not an investment company pursuant to Rule 3a-1 under the 1940 Act because, on a consolidated basis with respect to wholly-owned subsidiaries but otherwise on an unconsolidated basis, no more than 45% of the value of the Company’s total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities, shares of registered money market funds under Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act, and cash items) consists of, and no more than 45% of the Company’s net income after taxes (for the last four fiscal quarters combined) is derived from, securities other than U.S. government securities, shares of registered money market funds under Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act, securities issued by employees’ securities companies, securities issued by qualifying majority owned subsidiaries of the Company, and securities issued by qualifying companies that are controlled primarily by the Company.
SUI and other digital assets, as well as new business models and transactions enabled by blockchain technologies, present novel interpretive questions under the 1940 Act. There is a risk that assets or arrangements that we have concluded are not securities could be deemed to be securities by the SEC or another authority for purposes of the 1940 Act, which would increase the percentage of securities held by us for 1940 Act purposes.
If we were deemed to be an investment company, Rule 3a-2 under the 1940 Act is a safe harbor that provides a one-year grace period for transient investment companies that have a bona fide intent to be engaged primarily, as soon as is reasonably possible (in any event by the termination of such one-year period), in a business other than that of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding, or trading in securities, with such intent evidenced by the company’s business activities and an appropriate resolution of its board of directors. The grace period is available not more than once every three years and runs from the earlier of (i) the date on which the issuer owns securities and/or cash having a value exceeding 50% of the issuer’s total assets on either a consolidated or unconsolidated basis or (ii) the date on which the issuer owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40% of the value of such
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issuer’s total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis. Accordingly, the grace period may not be available at the time that we seek to rely on Rule 3a-2; however, Rule 3a-2 is a safe harbor and we may rely on any exemption or exclusion from investment company status available to us under the 1940 Act at any given time. Furthermore, reliance on Rule 3a-2, Section 3(a)(1)(C), or Rule 3a-1 could require us to take actions to dispose of securities, limit our ability to make certain investments or enter into joint ventures, or otherwise limit or change our service offerings and operations.
If we were to be deemed an investment company in the future, restrictions imposed by the 1940 Act — including limitations on our ability to issue different classes of stock and equity compensation to directors, officers, and employees and restrictions on management, operations, and transactions with affiliated persons — likely would make it impractical for us to continue our business as contemplated, and could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
If we or our third-party service providers experience a security breach or cyberattack and unauthorized parties obtain access to our SUI, or if our private keys are lost or destroyed, or other similar circumstances or events occur, we may lose some or all of our SUI and our financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
Substantially all of the SUI we own is held in custody accounts at U.S.-based institutional-grade digital asset custodians. Security breaches and cyberattacks are of particular concern with respect to our SUI. SUI and other blockchain-based cryptocurrencies and the entities that provide services to participants in the SUI ecosystem have been, and may in the future be, subject to security breaches, cyberattacks, or other malicious activities. For example, in October 2021 it was reported that hackers exploited a flaw in the account recovery process and stole from the accounts of at least 6,000 customers of the Coinbase exchange, although the flaw was subsequently fixed and Coinbase reimbursed affected customers. Similarly, in November 2022, hackers exploited weaknesses in the security architecture of the FTX Trading digital asset exchange and reportedly stole over $400 million in digital assets from customers. A successful security breach or cyberattack could result in:
• a partial or total loss of our SUI in a manner that may not be covered by insurance or the liability provisions of the custody agreements with the custodians who hold our SUI;
• harm to our reputation and brand;
• improper disclosure of data and violations of applicable data privacy and other laws; or
• significant regulatory scrutiny, investigations, fines, penalties, and other legal, regulatory, contractual and financial exposure.
Further, any actual or perceived data security breach or cybersecurity attack directed at other companies with digital assets or companies that operate digital asset networks, regardless of whether we are directly impacted, could lead to a general loss of confidence in the broader SUI ecosystem or in the use of the SUI network to conduct financial transactions, which could negatively impact us.
Attacks upon systems across a variety of industries, including industries related to SUI, are increasing in frequency, persistence, and sophistication, and, in many cases, are being conducted by sophisticated, well-funded and organized groups and individuals, including state actors. The techniques used to obtain unauthorized, improper or illegal access to systems and information (including personal data and digital assets), disable or degrade services, or sabotage systems are constantly evolving, may be difficult to detect quickly, and often are not recognized or detected until after they have been launched against a target. These attacks may occur on our systems or those of our third-party service providers or partners. We may experience breaches of our security measures due to human error, malfeasance, insider threats, system errors or vulnerabilities or other irregularities. In particular, we expect that unauthorized parties will attempt to gain access to our systems and facilities, as well as those of our partners and third-party service providers, through various means, such as hacking, social engineering, phishing and fraud. Threats can come from a variety of sources, including criminal hackers, hacktivists, state-sponsored intrusions, industrial espionage, and insiders. In addition, certain types of attacks could harm us even if our systems are left undisturbed. For example, certain threats are designed to remain dormant or undetectable, sometimes for extended periods of time, or until launched against a target and we may not be able to implement adequate preventative measures. Further, there has been an increase in such activities due to the increase in work-from-home arrangements. The risk of cyberattacks could also be
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increased by cyberwarfare in connection with the ongoing Russia-Ukraine and Israel-Hamas conflicts, or other future conflicts, including potential proliferation of malware into systems unrelated to such conflicts. Any future breach of our operations or those of others in the SUI industry, including third-party services on which we rely, could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
We face other risks related to our SUI treasury reserve business model.
Our SUI treasury reserve business model exposes us to various risks, including the following:
• SUI and other digital assets are subject to significant legal, commercial, regulatory, and technical uncertainty, and our SUI strategy subjects us to enhanced regulatory oversight;
• regulatory changes could impact our ability to operate validators or receive rewards;
• regulatory scrutiny of the Company’s activities may increase, potentially limiting our operations;
• potential litigation risks exist related to smart contract vulnerabilities, validator operations, or our business activities;
• uncertainty around SUI’s regulatory status may impact our ability to list on certain exchanges;
• changes in political administration may not guarantee a favorable regulatory environment for SUI;
• future SEC actions or court decisions could retroactively classify SUI as a security, potentially leading to penalties or forced unwinding of transactions; and
• increased regulatory focus on Layer-1 blockchains beyond Bitcoin and Ethereum could result in new compliance requirements.
• due to unfamiliarity and some negative publicity associated with digital asset platforms, confidence or interest in digital asset platforms, and the digital assets we expect to acquire, may decline.
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Commencing July 27, 2025, the Company adopted a new treasury policy and strategy under which the principal holding in its treasury reserve on the balance sheet will be allocated to the native cryptocurrency of the Sui blockchain commonly referred to as “SUI.” The Board of Directors approved the Company’s treasury policy on July 27, 2025, authorizing the long-term accumulation of SUI. We believe our position as a public company with an official Sui Foundation relationship through our the Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement provides our investors with institutional-grade exposure to the Sui blockchain, and that Sui is well positioned for large-scale adoption with the speed and efficiency institutions require for crypto at scale, plus the technical architecture capable of supporting AI workloads while maintaining security and decentralization. The Sui Foundation is an independent organization dedicated to the advancement and adoption of the Sui network. The Company’s approach involves acquiring SUI directly — both through market purchases and direct purchases from the Sui Foundation. This treasury initiative seeks to enhance the Company’s capital allocation strategy and does not affect its core commercial short-term non-bank lending and specialty finance business, which remains fully operational and a central part of the Company’s business.
The Company raised gross proceeds of approximately $138 million in SUI (the “SUI Proceeds”) and approximately $312 million USD in cash (the “Cash PIPE Proceeds”) in the PIPE Transaction. On July 31, 2025, pursuant to the Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement, the Company used approximately $140 million of the Cash PIPE Proceeds to acquire SUI (the “Initial Purchased Digital Assets”). In the next 12 months, the Company intends to use approximately $140 million of Cash PIPE Proceeds to acquire additional SUI. Approximately 2% of the net proceeds from the PIPE Transaction will be used to fund the Company’s short-term lending business. The Company does currently intend to diversify its short-term lending product offering or offer any new products in the next 12 months.
Staking
The Company does not intend to loan or pledge its owned SUI, nor does it intend to use such SUI as collateral for any loans or similar arrangement. The Company intends to stake up to 100% of the SUI held at any one time, to earn approximately 2.2% per annum, through one or more Staking Service Providers. The Staking Service Providers will utilize the available SUI for staking by instructing the SUI Custodian, BitGo, to delegate such SUI to a validator address selected in accordance with the Staking Policy. The validator node, operated by the Staking Service Provider, receives the delegated SUI, but control of these assets always remains with the SUI Custodian. SUI uses a Delegated-Proof-of-Stake (DPoS) system to secure and operate the network, meaning that the voting power of a validator in the network is determined by the amount of stake delegated to them by SUI token holders. The more stake delegated to a validator, the more voting power they have. In exchange for processing transactions and performing consensus, validators earn rewards based on the amount of gas fees collected. These rewards are then shared among stakers as staking rewards, which may be treated as income for US federal income tax purposes. The amount of SUI the Company may receive as reward for its staking activity can vary significantly. The staking process is continuously adjusted in scale, in line with network and market conditions, to ensure the Company maintains sufficient liquidity for redemptions on any business day. Staking activities involve a potential risk of SUI loss. Staked SUI are not subject to the protections enjoyed by depositors with FDIC or SIPC member institutions. In addition, the Sui Network dictates requirements for participation in validation activity, and may impose penalties, or “slashing,” if the relevant activities are not performed correctly, such as if the staker acts maliciously on the network, “double signs” any transactions, or experience extended downtimes. If validators staked SUI are slashed by the Sui Network, their assets may be confiscated, withdrawn, or burnt by the network, resulting in losses to them. In combination, they deter malicious validators from attacking blockchains. The Company believes that the Staking Service Providers are reputable and will not engage in harmful behavior that could lead to slashing or penalties.
Restrictions on Transfer
Pursuant to the Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement, the Initial Purchased Digital Assets (approximately 45% of the Company’s SUI holdings) are subject to a lock-up period of thirty (30) days after the two-year anniversary of the closing date of the PIPE Transaction. The Initial Purchase Digital Assets may be used in the Company’s staking activity, subject to the Sui Foundation’s approval.
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Financing Strategy
Our Board and management have been examining potential uses of cash and have determined that investing in SUI is currently the best use of our cash. SUI will be our principal treasury holding on an ongoing basis, subject to market conditions and our anticipated cash needs. As we embark on our new treasury policy and strategy, our Board intends to proactively evaluate our use of cash, ensuring we maintain adequate working capital.
We view SUI as our core holding and expect to continue to accumulate SUI. We have not set any specific target for the amount of SUI we seek to hold, and we will continue to monitor market conditions in determining whether to engage in financings to purchase additional SUI. This overall strategy also contemplates that we may (i) periodically sell SUI for general corporate purposes, including to generate cash for treasury management, for acquisitions, or for strategies that generate tax benefits in accordance with applicable law, and (ii) pursue strategies to create income streams or otherwise generate funds using our SUI holdings.
At this time, we do not have a specific policy governing the percentage of our treasury holdings that will be SUI. As of August 26, 2025, we held an aggregate 96,318,536 SUI, or approximately 81% of our treasury, which we acquired for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $350.8 million, inclusive of fees and expenses.
Hedging
The Company currently does not engage in derivative or hedging transactions. In the event the Company engages in derivative or hedging transactions in the future, it will notify investors via a prospectus supplement, current report on Form 8-K or annual or quarterly reports, as applicable, and/or on the Company’s website.
Policies Related to Air Drops, Incidental Rights and Hard Forks
Airdrops: Airdrops refer to the distribution of digital assets to holders of an existing cryptocurrency, typically for promotional or network development purposes. The promotors of a new digital asset announce to holders of another digital asset that such holders will be entitled to claim a certain amount of the new digital asset for free, based on the fact that they hold such other digital asset. Airdrops may be conducted by sending a token to the holders of set amounts of SUI. Alternatively, airdrops may involve a user being entitled to claim tokens on a decentralized application, second-layer network or entirely separate digital asset network. As such, a user entitled to receive airdrops may be required to take little or significant actions in order to receive such airdropped tokens. The Company intends to evaluate each airdrop on a case-by-case basis, together with the Asset Manager (Galaxy Digital Capital Management LP) and in consultation with the Company’s legal and compliance advisors, in order to assess the asset’s legitimacy, market viability and regulatory implications. We may choose to accept, hold, sell or distribute airdropped assets based on their alignment with our financial objectives, regulatory compliance requirements and operational capabilities, subject to internal governance procedures.
Incidental Rights: Incidental rights may arise when holders of a digital asset are granted additional privileges, such as voting rights, access to new tokens or other benefits associated with a blockchain protocol. The Company intends to review any incidental rights associated with our digital asset holdings to determine their economic and strategic value. If such rights are deemed material, we will disclose their receipt and our intended actions (e.g., exercising, transferring or declining such rights) in accordance with applicable securities laws and other applicable requirements. Decisions regarding incidental rights are made by our treasury team, with oversight from our Audit Committee to ensure compliance with corporate governance standards.
Hard Forks: A hard fork occurs when a blockchain protocol undergoes a significant change, resulting in a divergence that may create a new digital asset. In the event of a hard fork affecting our digital asset holdings, we will assess the resulting assets’ technical stability, market acceptance and regulatory status. The Board, together with the Asset Manager, in collaboration with the Company’s legal and compliance advisors, will determine whether to claim, hold or dispose of any new assets created by the hard fork. We aim to act in the best interests of our shareholders, balancing potential financial opportunities with risks related to market volatility, regulatory uncertainty and operational complexity. Any material actions taken in response to a hard fork will be disclosed promptly to investors, including through timely press releases and regulatory filings, as required.
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Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement
On July 27, 2025, the Company entered into a Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement (the “Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement”) with the Sui Foundation (the “Foundation Investor”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase and the Foundation Investor agreed to sell and transfer certain SUI tokens as set forth in one or more confirmations. The USD price per SUI token purchased pursuant to the Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement will be equal to the product of (i) 0.85 multiplied by (ii) the twenty four (24)-hour time weighted average price on the Closing Date (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreements), as reasonably calculated by the Company. Pursuant to the terms of the Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement, the SUI tokens purchased will be subject to transfer restrictions for a period of two years following purchase. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the transfer restrictions will not apply to the extent necessary to enable the Company to comply, or to be in compliance with, the provisions of the U.S. Investment Company Act of 1940. The Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement also provides the Company with certain preemptive rights to purchase additional SUI tokens for a two (2) year period after the Closing Date.
Custody of the Company’s SUI Holdings
On July 26, 2025, the Company and BitGo Trust Company, Inc. (“BitGo”) entered into a Custodial Services Agreement (the “Custodial Agreement”) under which BitGo safeguards the private keys and crypto assets that the Company deposits with it. BitGo’s custodial accounts are segregated and secure, and BitGo carries insurance policies that may cover certain losses. BitGo is a qualified custodian regulated by the South Dakota Division of Banking, which provides assurance that our custodied assets are held in a compliant manner.
As a regulated custodian, BitGo is subject to a detailed statutory and regulatory framework, including holding customer assets in segregated client accounts on behalf of customers. 100% of Trust assets and private keys safekeeped by BitGo will be held in cold storage in segregated accounts and are never commingled with BitGo or other client assets. BitGo applies industry standards, such as CryptoCurrency Security Standard (CCSS) and SOC1 and SOC2, while also working with the most trusted brands in the industry and offering clients comprehensive insurance solutions.
The BitGo ecosystem and architecture for private key management include the BitGo Platform, hardware security modules (“HSMs”) and modular services. The BitGo cold custody solution is built on BitGo’s security to manage keys on behalf of customers. BitGo only signs transactions that have been authorized by the Sponsor and follow the policies set by the account administrators.
The primary keys and backup keys are created offline using an Offline Vault Console (“OVC”) on air gapped laptops during a secure ceremony to create hardened cryptographic seeds that power the BitGo solution. This is to ensure only machines which have no access to the internet and are pristine are able to see private key material.
Undisclosed personnel at BitGo hold the sharded keys. When they are reconstituted, they are able to sign a transaction which moves funds in the public blockchain. To mitigate collusion, the individuals who have the sharded keys are different from those who have access to the vaults where the signings happen.
The private key is reconstituted in the OVC, but only in internal memory. At no point is it displayed or shown to any user. After signing is done, the key is no longer available in memory. The OVC is run in a read-only disk, so once the laptop is powered off, there is no non-volatile storage of any kind to write back to disk. The OVC operates using a RAM disk, where it simulates a real hard disk, but it is completely ephemeral and is wiped as soon as the machine is power cycled or rebooted, thus wiping the reconstituted private key and preventing it from being copied or compromised.
BitGo is a South Dakota trust company and the private keys are strategically distributed across various geographic locations within the United States. In order to enhance security measures, BitGo refrains from disclosing the exact locations of these keys.
At time of wallet creation, BitGo creates a unique key pair within its HSM in order to give each client a unique wallet on-chain. These online keys are wrapped by the BitGo HSM and stored within BitGo’s data vault for the BitGo Platform keys used to sign transactions.
As all custody wallets are segregated, the existence of SUI held by the Company can be verified on-chain by the Company or any other authorized party.
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BitGo cold wallets are supported by a $250 million insurance policy issued by Lloyd’s of London. The specifics of the policy include Cyber Insurance, E&O, general specie. Any copying and theft of private keys, insider theft or dishonest acts by BitGo employees or executives, and loss of keys directly related to BitGo’s custody of keys would be covered by this amount at minimum. This insurance policy is shared among all of BitGo’s clients and is not specific to the Trust or to customers holding bitcoin and may not be available or sufficient to protect the Trust from all possible losses or sources of losses. The Company may purchase additional insurance coverage through BitGo’s underwriter, though the Company has not purchased such additional insurance cover as of the date of this prospectus. BitGo is not FDIC-insured. BitGo has established a business continuity plan that will support its ability to conduct business in the event of a significant business disruption. This plan is reviewed and updated annually, and can be updated more frequently, if deemed necessary, by BitGo in its sole discretion. Should BitGo be impacted by a significant business disruption, BitGo aims to minimize business interruption as quickly and efficiently as possible.
The Custodial Agreement commenced on the effective date, as detailed in the agreement, and will continue for one (1) year, unless earlier terminated in accordance with the terms of the Custodial Agreement. After the initial term, the Custodial Agreement will automatically renew for one-year successive renewal terms, unless either party notifies the other of its intention not to renew with at least 60 days’ prior-notice. Either party may terminate the Custodial Agreement for a material breach if such breach is not cured within 30 days following written notice thereof. BitGo may suspend or restrict the Company’s access to the custodial services and/or deactivate, terminate or cancel the Company’s custodial account for any reason upon providing at least thirty (30) days’ written notice to the Company, or immediately if BitGo perceives a risk of legal or regulatory non-compliance associated with the Company’s custodial account activity, among other things. The Company may terminate the Custodial Agreement at any time upon providing at least 30 days’ written notice to BitGo, paying outstanding amounts and an early termination fee.
SUI, SUI Markets and Regulation of SUI
This section provides a more detailed description of SUI, including information about the historical development of SUI, how a person holds SUI, how to use SUI in transactions, how to trade SUI, the spot markets where SUI can be bought, held and sold, the SUI OTC market and SUI validating.
SUI and the Sui Network
SUI is a digital asset that is created and transmitted through the operations of the peer-to-peer Sui Network, a network of computers that operates on cryptographic protocols. No single entity owns or operates the Sui Network, the infrastructure of which is collectively maintained by a broad user base. The Sui Network allows people to exchange tokens of value, called SUI, which are recorded on a public transaction ledger known as a blockchain. SUI can be used to pay for transaction fees and network operations, including computational power on the Sui Network, or it can be converted to fiat currencies, such as the U.S. dollar, at rates determined on digital asset trading platforms or in individual end-user-to-end-user transactions under a barter system. Furthermore, the Sui Network was designed to allow users to write and implement smart contracts — that is, general-purpose code that executes on the network and can instruct the transmission of information and value based on a sophisticated set of logical conditions. Using smart contracts, users can create markets, store registries of debts or promises, represent the ownership of property, move funds in accordance with conditional instructions and create digital assets other than SUI on the Sui Network. Smart contract operations are executed on the Sui blockchain in exchange for payment of SUI. Like the Ethereum network, the Sui Network is one of a number of projects intended to expand blockchain use beyond just a peer-to-peer money system.
The Sui Network primarily uses a delegated proof-of-stake consensus mechanism to incentivize SUI holders to validate transactions. Unlike proof-of-work, in which miners expend computational resources to compete to validate transactions and are rewarded coins in proportion to the amount of computational resources expended, in proof-of-stake, validators risk or “stake” coins to compete to be randomly selected to validate transactions and are rewarded coins in proportion to the amount of coins staked. Any malicious activity, such as disagreeing with the eventual consensus or otherwise violating protocol rules, results in the forfeiture or “slashing” of a portion of the staked coins. Proof-of-stake is viewed as more energy efficient and scalable than proof-of-work.
Unlike many other smart contract platforms that batch transaction into blocks, Sui validators individually validate transactions. Sui uses “Narwhal” and “Bullshark” as its memory pool and consensus engines, respectively, which supplement proof-of-stake by allowing transactions performed on Sui to be verified and executed in parallel, rather
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than sequentially like in prominent blockchains like Bitcoin and Ethereum. Under Narwhal, instead of a proposing validator broadcasting all transactions in a block to the other validators, the proposing validators send references to transactions that other validators have already received in their local memory pools. These memory pools serve as logs of unprocessed transactions awaiting verification and execution on a blockchain. The transaction data can thus bypass the full consensus process, removing the large data transmission step which often impedes proof-of-stake consensus and introduces latency. Further unlike traditional blockchains, which add transactions in a single, linear sequence, Bullshark uses a structure whereby each transaction points to multiple previous transactions, allowing many transactions to be processed at the same time. The purpose of Narwhal and Bullshark is to increase scalability of a blockchain allowing for parallel processing of transactions and increasing transaction speed.
Founding
The Sui Network was initially conceived in 2021 by Evan Cheng, Adeniyi Abiodun, Sam Blackshear, George Danezis, and Kostas Chalkias to continue research initially performed while the group was employed by Meta Platforms, Inc., in which they collaborated on a digital asset project called Diem (formerly known as Libra). Mysten Labs Inc. (“Mysten”), an independent consortium of blockchain software developers which contributes to the development of the Sui Network, formed as an outgrowth of the Diem project. The Sui Foundation is an independent nonprofit entity that supports research and development of open-source technology related to Sui.
Although Mysten and the Sui Foundation continue to exert significant influence over the direction of the development of SUI, the Sui Network is distributed and does not require governmental authorities or financial institution intermediaries to create, transmit or determine the value of SUI.
Technology and Operation
Parallel Execution and Object-Centric Model
Unlike traditional blockchain models that rely on sequential transaction execution, SUI’s architecture enables parallel transaction execution, significantly increasing throughput. Transactions involving independent objects can be processed simultaneously, reducing bottlenecks. The object-centric model provides a more intuitive and developer-friendly way to structure smart contracts. Each object has a defined owner, allowing SUI to optimize state management and computation.
Narwhal and Bullshark Consensus Mechanism
The Sui Network employs a dual-layer consensus mechanism known as Narwhal and Bullshark, which decouples transaction ordering from execution. Narwhal is a key component of the Sui Network’s consensus mechanism. It is a high-performance memory pool that organizes transactions into a Directed Acyclic Graph (“DAG”) structure. This organization allows for efficient transaction processing and reduces the likelihood of bottlenecks. Narwhal’s design ensures that the Sui Network can maintain high throughput and low latency, making it suitable for applications that require rapid transaction processing.
Bullshark is the consensus protocol used by the Sui Network, built on top of Narwhal. It is designed to achieve fast finality and high security. Bullshark uses a byzantine fault tolerant consensus mechanism, which ensures that the network can reach consensus even in the presence of malicious actors. This protocol is optimized for performance, allowing the Sui Network to process a large number of TPS while maintaining a high level of security.
Smart Contracts and Development on the Sui Network
Smart contracts are programs that run on a blockchain that can execute automatically when certain conditions are met. Smart contracts facilitate the exchange of anything representative of value, such as money, information, property, or voting rights. Using smart contracts, users can send or receive digital assets, create markets, store registries of debt or promises represent ownership of property or a company, move funds in accordance with conditional instructions and create new digital assets.
Development on the Sui Network involves building more complex tools on top of smart contracts, such as decentralized apps and organizations that are autonomous, known as decentralized autonomous organizations; and entirely new decentralized networks. For example, a company that distributes charitable donations on behalf of users could hold donated funds in smart contracts that are paid to charities only if the charity satisfies certain pre-defined conditions.
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In total, as of June 2024, more than 86 apps are currently built on the Sui Network, including in the collectible NFT, gaming, music streaming, and decentralized finance categories.
Additionally, the Sui Network has been used for DeFI platforms, which seek to democratize access to financial services, such as borrowing, lending, custody, trading, derivatives and insurance, by removing third-party intermediaries. DeFi can allow users to lend and earn interest on their digital assets, exchange one digital asset for another and create derivative digital assets such as stablecoins, which are digital assets pegged to a reserve asset such as fiat currency.
Unlike native fungible tokens, which are primarily used for payments and transaction fees, NFTs represent ownership of unique digital or real-world assets. On the Sui Network, NFTs can encode rights to in-game assets, digital art, music, or utility tokens within applications. NFTs are tradable across applications, contributing to a new, internet-native economy. This new paradigm allows users to own rights to other assets through NFTs, which enable users to trade them with others on the Sui Network. For example, an NFT may convey rights to a digital asset that exists in an online game or a decentralized app, and users can trade their NFT in the decentralized app or game, and carry them to other digital experiences, creating an entirely new free-market internet-native economy that can be monetized in the physical world.
Overview of the Sui Network’s Operations
In order to own, transfer or use SUI directly on the Sui Network (as opposed to through an intermediary, such as a custodian), a person generally must have internet access to connect to the Sui Network. SUI transactions may be made directly between end-users without the need for a third-party intermediary. The Sui Network prevents double-spending by validating and recording transactions either through direct validator execution or, when needed, via consensus. Transactions involving shared objects are memorialized on the Sui blockchain to ensure consistency and prevent conflicts. This verification process is managed by validators who either directly execute transactions or reach consensus to include shared-object transactions in checkpointed blocks. These blocks form part of the Sui blockchain, which acts as a source of truth for shared state. Unlike traditional blockchains that rely solely on the sequential production of blocks for all transactions, the Sui Network differentiates between independent and shared transactions. Independent transactions can be executed in parallel without global ordering, while only shared transactions require consensus and block inclusion.
SUI Token Issuance
Initial Creation of SUI and SUI Supply
Unlike Bitcoin, which was solely created through a progressive mining process, 10 billion SUI were created in connection with the launch of the Sui Network. Following the launch of the Sui Network, no further SUI will be created unless a modification (or “fork”) of the Sui Network’s protocol occurs. The Sui Network’s capped total supply of 10 billion SUI tokens are unlocked according to a distribution and unlock schedule designed to balance liquidity, stability, and long-term growth. The current unlock schedule is subject to adjustments to ensure a stable tokenomics model that supports the Sui Network’s health and will be available for download via an API maintained by the Sui Foundation. According to the Sui Foundation, distributions of locked SUI tokens were made to Series A and Series B investors and early contributors beginning in April 2024, and distributions of locked SUI tokens were made to Mysten Labs Treasury beginning in October 2023.
The Sui “mainnet” launched on May 3, 2023 with a portion of the total supply made liquid at launch. At or shortly after launch, the mainnet was supported by over 100 validators and over 400 nodes. DeepBook, the Sui Network’s first native liquidity layer, launched in July 2023. This central limit order book gives DeFi protocols and other app builders a mechanism to support both market and limit token swaps. By mid-July 2023, the Sui Network had approximately one million active wallets, rising to approximately three million active wallets by mid-August 2023, nine million active wallets by the end of November 2023, and over 120 million active wallets by mid-April 2025.
On September 13, 2023, zkLogin, a new primitive, launched on the Sui Network, letting builders incorporate authorization through existing credentials from providers such as Google, Facebook and Twitch. This development significantly eased the onboarding path for new Web3 users.
By February 2024, DeFi protocols on the Sui Network had reached $500 million in total value locked, putting the Sui Network in the top ten blockchains by that metric. That number rose to $1 billion in total value locked by the end of September 2024, and $2 billion in January 2025. By April 2024, the beta version of the 2024 edition of the Move
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programming language became available, which added many useful new features, including method syntax, positional fields, and loop labels. On June 18, 2024, Mysten Labs announced the launch of Walrus, a decentralized data storage network that uses SUI as a coordination layer. Walrus launched on the Sui Network in April 2025.
On August 6, 2024, engineers launched Mysticeti, a new consensus mechanism for the Sui Network that could allow the Sui Network to process shared object transactions with even less latency. In September 2024, Agora’s U.S. dollar-backed stablecoin arrived on the Sui Network, giving DeFi users a new option for token purchases and swaps. The advent of AUSD on the Sui Network, which was previously launched on Ethereum and Avalanche, was one of a number of native stablecoins on the Sui Network. Sui USDC, which is the SUI-native version of USDC, another stablecoin, was added to the Sui Network in October 2024, and FDUSD, yet another stablecoin, was added to the Sui Network in November 2024.
The SUI token serves four purposes on the Sui Network. First, SUI can be staked within an “epoch” in order to participate in the proof-of-stake mechanism. Second, SUI is the asset denomination needed for paying the Gas Fees to execute transactions or other operations on the Sui Network. Third, SUI can be used as a versatile and liquid asset for various applications including the standard features of money — a unit of account, a medium of exchange, or a store of value — and more complex functionality enabled by smart contracts, interoperability, and composability across the Sui ecosystem. Fourth, and finally, SUI plays an important role in governance by acting as a right to participate in on-chain voting on issues such as protocol upgrades.
The SUI token powers a variety of real-world applications:
1. Decentralized Finance: Lending and borrowing protocols allow users to supply SUI for interest or borrow against collateral. Yield farming and staking rewards allow liquidity providers to earn yield by participating in automated market makers and liquidity pools. Stablecoins and payments benefit from SUI’s fast and low-cost transactions, making it ideal for cross-border transfers and remittances.
2. Non-Fungible Tokens: NFT minting and trading allow artists and developers to create and trade NFTs on SUI’s blockchain with low minting costs. On-chain gaming assets enable in-game items, skins, and collectibles to be represented as NFTs, unlocking true ownership.
3. Gaming and Metaverse: Play-to-earn gaming economies allow players to earn rewards in a decentralized manner. Low-latency transactions enable smooth in-game purchases and seamless on-chain interactions.
4. Supply Chain and Enterprise Solutions: Provenance and authentication solutions track goods transparently, ensuring authenticity and reducing fraud. Enterprise blockchain integration supports identity management, record-keeping, and automation.
5. Identity Verification and Security: Decentralized identity solutions verify credentials and prevent fraud. Data privacy enhancements allow privacy-preserving transactions and selective disclosure mechanisms.
Limits on SUI Supply
SUI has a fixed total supply of 10 billion tokens, meaning no additional SUI will be minted beyond this limit. At network launch, a portion of the total supply was in circulation, while the remaining tokens are being released progressively over time. The structured emission schedule is designed to support network security, incentivize validators and participants, and sustain the long-term growth of the Sui Network.
Governance of the Sui Network and Modifications to the Protocol
SUI token holders participate in network governance by voting on protocol upgrades, fee adjustments, and validator policies and incentives. The governance model is designed to be inclusive and transparent, encouraging community-driven decision-making.
The Sui Foundation oversees ecosystem development, distributing funds for grants, research, and innovation to drive network growth. The Sui Foundation is an independent, non-profit entity established to support and advance the adoption, security, and sustainability of the Sui Network. The Sui Foundation is dedicated to fostering an open ecosystem that empowers developers, users, and enterprises to build and interact with blockchain-based applications. As the primary steward of the Sui Network, it plays a pivotal role in the protocol’s long-term development by overseeing ecosystem
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growth, allocating community resources, funding research initiatives, and ensuring governance transparency. The Sui Foundation operates in alignment with the principles of decentralization, innovation, and inclusivity, promoting an equitable and sustainable blockchain ecosystem.
The core development team behind the Sui Network is Mysten, a blockchain technology company focused on developing innovative and scalable solutions to enhance decentralized applications and blockchain infrastructure. Mysten played a foundational role in designing and launching the Sui Network. The company continues to contribute to SUI’s technical advancements while fostering an ecosystem of developers, enterprises, and users who leverage its cutting-edge infrastructure. Mysten operates as a private technology company and is distinct from the Sui Foundation, which oversees governance, community funding, and decentralization efforts for the Sui Network. While Mysten remains a significant contributor, the long-term evolution of SUI is guided by decentralized governance mechanisms and community participation.
Summary of a SUI Transaction
The following is a summary of a payment transaction of SUI on the Sui Network.
Prior to engaging in SUI transactions directly on the Sui Network, a user generally must first install on its computer or mobile device a Sui Network software program that will allow the user to generate a private and public key pair associated with a SUI address. The Sui Network software program and the SUI address also enable the user to connect to the Sui Network and transfer SUI to, and receive SUI from, other users.
Each Sui Network address, or wallet, is associated with a unique “public key” and “private key” pair. To receive SUI, the SUI recipient must provide its public key to the party initiating the transfer. This activity is analogous to a recipient for a transaction in U.S. dollars providing a routing address in wire instructions to the payor so that cash may be wired to the recipient’s account. The payor approves the transfer to the address provided by the recipient by “signing” a transaction that consists of the recipient’s public key with the private key of the address from where the payor is transferring the SUI. The recipient, however, does not make public or provide to the sender its related private key. Wallets that are used to store cryptographic keys can be “hot” or “cold.” A hot wallet is connected to the internet, and is thus readily available to facilitate trading, but may be more vulnerable to hacking. A cold wallet is a wallet that stores cryptographic keys offline, such as on a computer that has no internet access, a segregated piece of hardware, or a piece of paper.
Neither the recipient nor the sender reveal their private keys in a transaction, because the private key authorizes transfer of the funds in that address to other users. Therefore, if a user loses his or her private key, the user may permanently lose access to the SUI contained in the associated address. Likewise, SUI is irretrievably lost if the private key associated with them is deleted and no backup has been made. When sending SUI, a user’s Sui Network software program must validate the transaction with the associated private key. In addition, since every computation on the Sui Network requires processing power, there is a transaction fee involved with the transfer that is paid by the payor. The resulting digitally validated transaction is sent by the user’s Sui Network software program to the Sui Network validators to allow transaction confirmation.
Sui Network validators record and confirm transactions when they validate and add blocks of information to the Sui Blockchain. When a validator validates transactions, it creates a block, which includes data relating to (i) the verification of newly submitted and accepted transactions and (ii) a reference to transactions prior to the transactions is being added. The validator becomes aware of outstanding, unrecorded transactions through the data packet transmission and distribution discussed above.
Upon the addition of a block of SUI transactions, the Sui Network software program of both the spending party and the receiving party will show confirmation of the transaction on the Sui Blockchain and reflect an adjustment to the SUI balance in each party’s Sui Network public key, completing the SUI transaction. Once a transaction is confirmed on the Sui Blockchain, it is irreversible.
Some SUI transactions are conducted “off-blockchain” and are therefore not recorded in the Sui Blockchain. These “off-blockchain transactions” involve the transfer of control over, or ownership of, a specific digital wallet holding SUI or the reallocation of ownership of certain SUI in a pooled-ownership digital wallet, such as a digital wallet owned by a Digital Asset Trading Platform. In contrast to on-blockchain transactions, which are publicly recorded on the Sui Blockchain, information and data regarding off-blockchain transactions are generally not publicly available. Therefore,
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off-blockchain transactions are not truly Sui transactions in that they do not involve the transfer of transaction data on the Sui Network and do not reflect a movement of SUI between addresses recorded on the Sui Network’s blockchain. For these reasons, off-blockchain transactions are subject to risks as any such transfer of SUI ownership is not protected by the protocol behind the Sui Network or recorded in, and validated through, the blockchain mechanism.
SUI Markets and Exchanges
SUI can be transferred in direct peer-to-peer transactions through the direct sending of SUI over the Sui Network from one Sui Network address to another.
SUI can be used as a means to conduct cross-border payments and to pay other users of the Sui Network for goods and services under what resembles a barter system. Consumers can also pay merchants and other commercial businesses for goods or services through direct peer-to-peer transactions on the Sui Network or through third-party service providers.
In addition to using SUI to engage in cross-border transactions or payment for goods and services, investors may purchase and sell SUI to speculate as to the price of SUI in the SUI market, or as a long-term investment to diversify their portfolio. The price of SUI within the market is determined, in part, by the supply of and demand for SUI in the global SUI market, market expectations for the adoption of SUI as a store of value or as a viable cross-border payments facilitator, the number of merchants that accept SUI, the regulatory challenges faced by SUI, and the volume of peer-to-peer transactions, among other factors.
SUI spot markets typically permit investors to open accounts with the market and then purchase and sell SUI via websites or through mobile applications. Prices for trades on SUI spot markets are typically reported publicly. An investor opening a trading account on a digital asset trading platform must deposit an accepted government-issued currency into its account with the trading platform, or a previously acquired digital asset, before they can purchase or sell assets on the trading platform. The process of establishing an account with a digital asset trading platform and trading SUI is different from, and should not be confused with, the process of users sending SUI from one SUI address to another SUI address on the Sui Network. This latter process is an activity that occurs on the Sui Network, while the former is an activity that occurs entirely within the order book operated by the digital asset trading platform. The digital asset trading platform typically records the investor’s ownership of SUI in its internal books and records, rather than on the Sui Network. The digital asset trading platform ordinarily does not transfer SUI to the investor on the Sui Network unless the investor makes a request to the exchange to withdraw the SUI in its platform trading account to an off-platform SUI wallet.
Outside of the spot markets, SUI can be traded SUI. The SUI market is largely institutional in nature, and SUI market participants generally consist of institutional entities, such as firms that offer two-sided liquidity for SUI, investment managers, proprietary trading firms, high-net-worth individuals that trade SUI on a proprietary basis, entities with sizeable SUI holdings, and family offices. The SUI market provides a relatively flexible market in terms of quotes, price, quantity, and other factors, although it tends to involve large blocks of SUI. The SUI market has no formal structure and no open-outcry meeting place. Parties engaging in OTC transactions will agree upon a price — often via phone or email — and then one of the two parties will then initiate the transaction. For example, a seller of SUI could initiate the transaction by sending the SUI to the buyer’s SUI address. The buyer would then wire U.S. dollars to the seller’s bank account. OTC trades are sometimes hedged and eventually settled with concomitant trades on digital asset trading platforms.
SUI Token Circulation
Newly created SUI are generated through a process referred to as “staking” which is when an actor on the Sui Network acquires SUI and then pledges that SUI as collateral. This collateral is then put at risk in exchange for the validator collecting rewards for services rendered to the Sui Network in the process of forming consensus and adding blocks to the blockchain. When the recipient makes newly minted SUI available for sale, there can be downward pressure on the price of SUI as the new supply is introduced into the SUI market.
The Sui Network contains several deflationary measures. The total number of SUI that can ever be created is capped at 10 billion. Because the supply of SUI is capped, increased activity on the network has a deflationary effect as the Sui Network’s Storage Fund grows in relation to the amount of data stored, which effectively takes more SUI out of circulation.
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The Sui Network’s capped total supply of 10 billion SUI tokens are unlocked according to a distribution and unlock schedule designed to balance liquidity, stability, and long-term growth. The Sui “mainnet” launched on May 3, 2023 with a portion of the total supply made liquid at launch.
SUI Value
Digital asset trading platform valuations
The value of SUI is determined by the value that various market participants place on SUI through their transactions. The most common means of determining the value of a SUI is by surveying one or more digital asset trading platforms where SUI is traded publicly and transparently. Additionally, there may be over-the-counter dealers or market makers that transact in SUI.
Digital asset trading platform public market data
On each online digital asset trading platform, SUI is traded with publicly disclosed valuations for each executed trade, measured by one or more fiat currencies such as the U.S. dollar or euro or by the widely used cryptocurrencies Bitcoin and Ethereum. Over-the-counter dealers or market makers do not typically disclose their trade data.
Forms of Attack Against the Sui Network
All networked systems are vulnerable to various kinds of attacks. As with any computer network, the Sui Network contains certain vulnerabilities. The Sui Network relies on a network of validator nodes that agree on the order and validity of transactions. These nodes form the backbone of the consensus process.
If the malicious actor cannot control the validator nodes directly, they might attempt to compromise the validators that are already trusted by the network. This could involve hacking, bribery, deception or coercion.
A malicious actor could also conduct an “eclipse attack.” In an eclipse attack, a malicious actor could isolate parts of the network so that the malicious actor’s nodes can influence the consensus in isolated sections of the network, eventually leading to a split or takeover.
This is not intended as an exhaustive list of all forms of attack against the Sui Network. For additional information, see “Risk Factors.”
SUI Transaction Fees
In proof-of-stake blockchain networks, “Gas Fees” also contribute to incentivizing validators who maintain the ledger and ensure the integrity of the network. Gas Fees are a fundamental component of blockchain networks, serving as a mechanism to compensate validators for processing transactions and executing smart contracts. These fees are required to allocate computational resources efficiently, prevent spam, and maintain network security. Gas Fees vary based on factors such as network congestion, transaction complexity, and the execution of smart contracts. The structure of Gas Fees is typically designed to balance affordability for users while providing adequate incentives for validators to secure the network and process transactions promptly.
The Sui Network splits Gas Fees into two parts: computational fees and storage fees. Computational fees cover the cost of processing transactions, set by validators each epoch through a reference price. Storage fees, paid upfront when creating or changing objects, go into a storage fund — a pool that compensates validators for keeping data on-chain long-term. If users delete unneeded data, they receive a rebate from this storage fund.
The Sui Network employs a Gas Fee model that ensures predictable and efficient transaction processing while minimizing costs for users. Gas fees in the Sui Network are denominated in SUI and serve the following key functions:
1. Transaction Processing. Every transaction on the Sui Network, including transfers, smart contract executions, and decentralized application interactions, requires a gas fee. This fee compensates validators for verifying and processing the transaction.
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2. Resource Allocation and Network Efficiency. The Sui Network uses a unique transaction processing model that supports parallel execution, which optimizes throughput and reduces congestion. Gas Fees play a role in prioritizing transactions, ensuring that resources are allocated efficiently based on demand.
3. Security and Spam Prevention. Gas Fees deter spam and denial-of-service attacks by imposing a cost on every transaction. This mechanism helps maintain network integrity and prevents unnecessary strain on validators.
4. Smart Contract Execution. Developers deploying and executing smart contracts on the Sui Network must pay gas fees to ensure that computational resources are allocated fairly and sustainably. The Move programming language, used within the Sui Network, optimizes execution costs and enhances security.
5. Stability and Long-Term Sustainability. The fee structure of the Sui Network is designed to be predictable and user-friendly. Unlike blockchain networks where fees may fluctuate unpredictably due to congestion, the Sui Network’s parallel execution model and object-based data structure help keep fees stable and efficient.
Gas Fees in the Sui Network are collected in SUI and are either distributed as validator rewards or utilized within network mechanisms to sustain long-term decentralization. As network adoption grows and demand for computational resources increases, the gas fee model is designed to dynamically adjust to maintain efficiency and accessibility.
Validators and Market Participants
The Sui Network has three main groups of stakeholders. First are users of the Sui Network who submit transactions to create, mutate, and transfer digital assets or interact with more sophisticated applications enabled by smart contracts, interoperability and composability. Second are holders of SUI who have the option of staking their SUI to validators and participating and the proof-of-stake mechanism. Holders of SUI also have the right to participate in the governance of the Sui Network. Third, and lastly, are validators who manage transaction processing and execution on the Sui Network. Validators earn rewards for processing operations. Users of the network hold their own SUI, which they can delegate to the validators of their choice as part of the validators’ stakes. In so doing, the validators reward users based on the amount of SUI they delegate. Users are free to withdraw their SUI or to change their selected validator when each epoch changes.
The Sui Network has developed technology to process blocks at high speed. Blocks are made and processed by validators in roughly 24-hour time periods called “epochs.” Each Sui Network validator maintains its own staking pool to track the amount of stake and to compound staking rewards. Validator pools operate together with a time series of exchange rates that are computed at the beginning of each epoch. These exchange rates determine the amount of SUI that each past SUI staker can withdraw in the future. Importantly, the exchange rates increase as more rewards are deposited into a staking pool and the longer an amount of SUI is deposited in a staking pool, the more rewards it will accrue.
1. Investment and Speculative Sector
This sector includes the investment and trading activities of both private and professional investors and speculators. Historically, larger financial services institutions are publicly reported to have limited involvement in investment and trading in digital assets, although the participation landscape is beginning to change. Currently, there is relatively limited use of digital assets in the retail and commercial marketplace in comparison to relatively extensive use by speculators, and a significant portion of demand for digital assets is generated by speculators and investors seeking to profit from the short- or long-term holding of digital assets.
2. Retail Sector
The retail sector includes users transacting in direct peer-to-peer SUI activity through the direct sending of SUI over the Sui Network. The retail sector also includes transactions in which consumers pay for goods or services from commercial or service businesses through direct transactions or third-party service providers, although the use of SUI as a means of payment is still developing and has not been accepted in the same manner as bitcoin because SUI has a generally different purpose than bitcoin.
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3. Service Sector
This sector includes companies that provide a variety of services including the buying, selling, payment processing and storing of SUI. For buying and selling SUI, Binance and Bybit are some of the largest digital asset trading platforms by volume traded. For storing SUI, the SUI Custodian, is a digital asset custodian that provides custodial accounts that store SUI for users. As the Sui Network continues to grow in acceptance, it is anticipated that service providers will expand the currently available range of services and that additional parties will enter the service sector for the Sui Network.
Regulation of SUI and Government Oversight
The Binance Complaint, the SEC’s actions against XRP’s issuer and the issuer of the TerraUSD and LUNA digital assets, as well as seemingly inconsistent views of different district court judges, underscore the continuing uncertainty around which digital assets are securities, and demonstrate that such factors such as how long a digital asset has been in existence, how widely held it is, how large its market capitalization is and that it has actual use in commercial transactions, ultimately may have no bearing on whether the SEC or a court will find it to be offered and sold as a security.
As digital assets have grown in both popularity and market size, the U.S. Congress and a number of U.S. federal and state agencies (including FinCEN, SEC, CFTC, FINRA, the CFPB, the Department of Justice, the Department of Homeland Security, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the IRS and state financial institution regulators) have been examining the operations of digital asset networks, digital asset users and the digital asset spot markets, with particular focus on the extent to which digital assets can be used to launder the proceeds of illegal activities or fund criminal or terrorist enterprises and the safety and soundness of spot markets or other service-providers that hold digital assets for users. Many of these state and federal agencies have issued consumer advisories regarding the risks posed by digital assets to investors.
Recent events, including among others the bankruptcy filings of FTX and its subsidiaries, Three Arrows Capital, Celsius Network, Voyager Digital, Genesis, BlockFi and others, and other developments in the digital asset markets, have resulted in calls for heightened scrutiny and regulation of the digital asset industry, with a specific focus on intermediaries such as digital asset exchanges, platforms, and custodians.
In addition, federal and state agencies, and other countries have issued rules or guidance about the treatment of digital asset transactions or requirements for businesses engaged in digital asset activity. President Trump’s January 23, 2025 Executive Order, titled “Strengthening American Leadership in Digital Financial Technology”, aimed to reorient the federal governments approach to digital assets. The Executive Order emphasized the importance of the digital asset industry in innovation and economic development, and outlined policies to support the growth and use of digital assets, blockchain technology and related technologies. President Trump’s order also revoked former President Biden’s March 9, 2022 Executive Order, titled, “Responsible Development of Digital Assets” and the U.S. Department of Treasury’s July 7, 2022 “Framework for International Engagement of Digital Assets” and all policies, directives and guidance issued pursuant to those items produced by the previous administration.
On January 21, 2025, the SEC’s acting Chairman Mark T. Uyeda announced the SEC Crypto Task Force. The task force has an objective of developing a comprehensive and clear regulatory framework for crypto assets. The task force also seeks to establish a practical and achievable process for registration of digital assets and design clearly defined disclosure requirements and frameworks.
Various foreign jurisdictions have, and may continue to, in the near future, adopt laws, regulations or directives that affect the Sui Network, the SUI markets, and their users, particularly SUI spot markets and service providers that fall within such jurisdictions’ regulatory scope. Foreign jurisdictions including Canada, Germany, Sweden and Switzerland have also approved exchange-traded SUI products.
The effect of any future regulatory change on SUI is impossible to predict, but such change could be substantial and adverse to the Company.
30
We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of Common Stock by the Selling Stockholders.
31
References to a “Selling Stockholder” or the “Selling Stockholders” in this prospectus mean the entities listed in the table below, and the donees, transferees, assignees, successors, heirs, executors, administrators, legal representatives, pledgees and others who may later come to hold any of the Common Stock described in this prospectus as a result of a transfer not involving a public sale.
This prospectus relates to the possible resale by the Selling Stockholders of up to 94,026,755 shares of Common Stock that are issuable under the Pre-Funded Warrants, the Lead Investor Warrants, the Foundation Investor Warrants, the Management Warrants, the Advisor Warrants and 75,881,645 shares of Common Stock that were obtained by the Selling Stockholders in the PIPE Transaction. For additional information regarding the PIPE Transaction see “Prospectus Summary — PIPE Transaction”. The Selling Stockholders may offer the shares of Common Stock for resale from time to time pursuant to this prospectus. Each of the Selling Stockholders may also sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or a portion of its shares of Common Stock in transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act or pursuant to another effective registration statement covering those shares. Information about the Selling Stockholders may change over time.
We do not know when or in what amounts the Selling Stockholders may offer the shares of Common Stock for sale, and, other than as set forth herein, we currently have no agreements, arrangements or understandings with the Selling Stockholders regarding the sale or other disposition of any of the shares of Common Stock. Because the Selling Stockholders may offer all, some or none of the shares pursuant to the offering, no definitive estimate as to the number of shares that will be held by the Selling Stockholders after the offering can be provided. With the exception of our Chief Executive Officer and director, Douglas M. Polinsky, and our Chief Financial Officer and director, Joseph A. Geraci, II, both of whom own Management Warrants, and Dana Wagner, a member of our Board, the Selling Stockholders have not had any material relationship with us within the past three years other than with respect to the ownership of Common Stock, Pre-Funded Warrants and Warrants. For more information regarding Mr. Polinsky’s and Mr. Geraci’s relationship to the Company, their beneficial ownership of our Common Stock and the Management Warrants see “Directors and Executive Officers”, “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Prospectus Summary — PIPE Transaction”.
Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and includes voting or investment power with respect to shares of Common Stock and the right to acquire such voting or investment power within 60 days through the exercise of any option, warrant or other right. The following table sets forth, as of the date of this prospectus, the names of the Selling Stockholders, the number of shares of Common Stock that the Selling Stockholders may offer pursuant to this prospectus and the number of shares of Common Stock owned by the Selling Stockholders before and after the offering. Solely for purposes of the table below, we have assumed that the Selling Stockholders will sell all of the shares of Common Stock that the Selling Stockholders currently hold and will make no other purchases or sales of Common Stock. The table further assumes that there are no beneficial ownership limitations on the exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants, the Lead Investor Warrants, the Foundation Investor Warrants, the Management Warrants, the Advisor Warrants, the Director Warrants, and the Placement Agent Warrants. For more information regarding the beneficial ownership limitations, see “Prospectus Summary — PIPE Transaction”. The percentages below also assume the full conversion of the Warrants and Pre-Funded Warrants and that accordingly, 100,293,559 of Common Stock are outstanding as of the date of this prospectus.
32
|
Number of Shares of |
Maximum |
Number of Shares of |
||||||||||||
|
Name of Selling Stockholders |
Number |
Percent |
Shares |
Number |
Percent |
|||||||||
|
1. |
EBT Group Holdings LLC(1) |
9,946,048 |
9.92 |
% |
9,946,048 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
2. |
NLABS FUND PTE LTD(2) |
5,535,055 |
5.52 |
% |
5,535,055 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
3. |
Karatage Opportunities(3) |
7,726,016 |
7.70 |
% |
7,726,016 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
4. |
Sui Foundation(4) |
7,726,016 |
7.70 |
% |
7,726,016 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
5. |
Polar Multi-Strategy Master Fund(5) |
3,690,030 |
3.68 |
% |
3,690,030 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
6. |
HEKA Funds Sicab Plc – Elysium Alpha Bitcoin Fund(6) |
3,690,027 |
3.68 |
% |
3,690,027 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
7. |
ATW SUI Ventures SPV LLC(7) |
2,767,520 |
2.76 |
% |
2,767,520 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
8. |
Galaxy Digital LP(8) |
2,767,520 |
2.76 |
% |
2,767,520 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
9. |
Citadel CEMF Investments Ltd.(9) |
1,845,010 |
1.84 |
% |
1,845,010 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
10. |
HEKA Funds Sicav plc – Elysium Global Arbitrage Fund(10) |
1,845,018 |
1.84 |
% |
1,845,018 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
11. |
MMCAP International Inc. SPC(11) |
1,845,010 |
1.84 |
% |
1,845,010 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
12. |
M2 CAPITAL LIMITED(12) |
1,845,010 |
1.84 |
% |
1,845,010 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
13. |
Arrington XRP Capital Fund, LP(13) |
1,660,510 |
1.66 |
% |
1,660,510 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
14. |
SLN Capital Limited(14) |
1,476,010 |
1.47 |
% |
1,476,010 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
15. |
Bastion Trading Limited(15) |
1,476,010 |
1.47 |
% |
1,476,010 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
16. |
Lvna Blockchain Fund LP(16) |
1,291,510 |
1.29 |
% |
1,291,510 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
17. |
ELECTRIC CAPITAL VENTURE FUND II, LP(17) |
923,075 |
# |
|
923,075 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
18. |
Pantera DAT Opportunities Master Fund SP(18) |
922,510 |
# |
|
922,510 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
19. |
GSR Growth Investments LP(19) |
922,510 |
# |
|
922,510 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
20. |
Flow Traders B.V.(20) |
922,510 |
# |
|
922,510 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
21. |
Hypersphere Atlas Master |
922,510 |
# |
|
922,510 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
22. |
BORDERLESS MULTI-STRATEGY FUND V LP(22) |
922,510 |
# |
|
922,510 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
23. |
EXPO AGE MASTER FUND(23) |
922,508 |
# |
|
922,508 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
24. |
ParaFi Digital Opportunities LP(24) |
922,500 |
# |
|
922,500 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
25. |
A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners(25) |
4,035,969 |
4.02 |
% |
4,035,969 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
26. |
Mythos Orange1 Co Ltd(26) |
859,770 |
# |
|
859,770 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
27. |
CoinFund Liquid Opportunities LP(27) |
784,130 |
# |
|
784,130 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
28. |
Link RG Holding, S. A(28) |
778,114 |
# |
|
778,114 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
29. |
Lvna Disruption Fund I Ltd(29) |
645,750 |
# |
|
645,750 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
30. |
Maven 11 Blockchain Venture Fund 2 L.P.(30) |
553,500 |
# |
|
553,500 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
31. |
Paper Group Inc(31) |
553,500 |
# |
|
553,500 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
32. |
Canary Digital Fund LP(32) |
553,500 |
# |
|
553,500 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
33. |
Room40 Capital Partners |
553,500 |
# |
|
553,500 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
34. |
Eleven Eleven Algo Cl(34) |
507,380 |
# |
|
507,380 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
35. |
Huddle Park Ltd(35) |
461,250 |
# |
|
461,250 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
36. |
Alta Offshore Trustees Limited as Trustee of the Greaves Trust(36) |
461,250 |
# |
|
461,250 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
37. |
Ilan Shalit(37) |
461,250 |
# |
|
461,250 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
33
|
Number of Shares of |
Maximum |
Number of Shares of |
|||||||||||
|
Name of Selling Stockholders |
Number |
Percent |
Shares |
Number |
Percent |
||||||||
|
38. |
SEG Opportunity Fund, LLC(38) |
429,116 |
# |
429,116 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
39. |
Nova River LP(39) |
408,073 |
# |
408,073 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
40. |
EXPONENTIAL AGE ASSET MANAGEMENT LTD(40) |
369,288 |
# |
369,288 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
41. |
ParaFi Quantitative Strategies LP(41) |
369,000 |
# |
369,000 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
42. |
Solios, Inc.(42) |
369,000 |
# |
369,000 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
43. |
dao5 capital fund L.P.(43) |
369,000 |
# |
369,000 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
44. |
Expoworld LTD.(44) |
369,000 |
# |
369,000 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
45. |
Great Point Capital, LLC(45) |
369,000 |
# |
369,000 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
46. |
Hudson Bay Master Fund Ltd.(46) |
369,000 |
# |
369,000 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
47. |
Five Narrow Lane LP(47) |
369,000 |
# |
369,000 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
48. |
Tekne Long Only Master Fund, L.P.(48) |
369,000 |
# |
369,000 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
49. |
Chengqi Liu(49) |
369,000 |
# |
369,000 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
50. |
Spartan Group LLC(50) |
369,000 |
# |
369,000 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
51. |
Spartan Venture Fund II LP(51) |
369,000 |
# |
369,000 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
52. |
Palmas Accelerate SPV LLC(52) |
332,100 |
# |
332,100 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
53. |
Lantern Management Fund LP(53) |
332,100 |
# |
332,100 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
54. |
Peresec Nominees Limited(54) |
332,100 |
# |
332,100 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
55. |
NGC Ventures EG LP(55) |
332,100 |
# |
332,100 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
56. |
M2B Funding Corp.(56) |
332,100 |
# |
332,100 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
57. |
Mank Capital LLC(57) |
322,870 |
# |
322,870 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
58. |
Meteroa Select Trading Opportunities Master, LP(58) |
322,870 |
# |
322,870 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
59. |
RK Trading I LLC(59) |
313,650 |
# |
313,650 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
60. |
Robert Forster(60) |
309,040 |
# |
309,040 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
61. |
Richard Melnick(61) |
309,040 |
# |
309,040 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
62. |
Allen O Cage & Jolaine Cage(62) |
309,040 |
# |
309,040 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
63. |
Kontrol Technologies Corp.(63) |
297,964 |
# |
297,964 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
64. |
Stratos Liquid Fund LP(64) |
276,750 |
# |
276,750 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
65. |
Stratos Venture Fund III LP(65) |
276,750 |
# |
276,750 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
66. |
Supernova TT L.P.(66) |
276,750 |
# |
276,750 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
67. |
Beam Foundation(67) |
276,750 |
# |
276,750 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
68. |
Gundyco ITF NewGen Alternative Income Fund A/C 515-90011-21(68) |
253,370 |
# |
253,370 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
69. |
TrustQore (BVI) Ltd as Trustee of Dashel Trust(69) |
249,070 |
# |
249,070 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
70. |
GundyCo ITF XIB International Master Fund(70) |
230,620 |
# |
230,620 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
71. |
Delta Blockchain Fund LP(71) |
230,620 |
# |
230,620 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
72. |
Gundyco ITF NewGen Equity Long/Short Fund |
225,460 |
# |
225,460 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
73. |
Clinton Martin Ephron(73) |
221,400 |
# |
221,400 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
74. |
Jeremiah Capital Limited (JCL)(74) |
212,170 |
# |
212,170 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
75. |
GreenBlock Capital LLC(75) |
410,515 |
# |
410,515 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
34
|
Number of Shares of |
Maximum |
Number of Shares of |
|||||||||||
|
Name of Selling Stockholders |
Number |
Percent |
Shares |
Number |
Percent |
||||||||
|
76. |
Sabby Volatility Warrant Master Fund, Ltd.(76) |
184,500 |
# |
184,500 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
77. |
BMO Nesbitt Burns ITF Parkwood Master Fund Ltd.(77) |
184,500 |
# |
184,500 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
78. |
Flow Ventures Fund L.P.(78) |
184,500 |
# |
184,500 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
79. |
Ruan Revocable Trust(79) |
184,500 |
# |
184,500 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
80. |
Fifth Lane Partners Fund, LP(80) |
166,050 |
# |
166,050 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
81. |
Daniel Michael Weinberg(81) |
166,050 |
# |
166,050 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
82. |
David C Bukzin(82) |
166,050 |
# |
166,050 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
83. |
Bartosz Lipinski(83) |
166,050 |
# |
166,050 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
84. |
Jordan Prince(84) |
166,050 |
# |
166,050 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
85. |
Flow Ventures Fund II L.P.(85) |
166,050 |
# |
166,050 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
86. |
Lincoln Alternative Strategies LLC(86) |
166,050 |
# |
166,050 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
87. |
Livermore Management Limited(87) |
166,050 |
# |
166,050 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
88. |
Hamble International Inc(88) |
166,050 |
# |
166,050 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
89. |
11–11 DG Holdings, LLC(89) |
138,370 |
# |
138,370 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
90. |
Perga Capital Partners, LP(90) |
138,370 |
# |
138,370 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
91. |
BMO Nesbitt Burns ITF Samara Master Fund Ltd.(91) |
135,600 |
# |
135,600 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
92. |
Series F Liquid Opportunities LP(92) |
129,150 |
# |
129,150 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
93. |
TrustQore (BVI) Ltd as Trustee of Zedarell Trust(93) |
124,530 |
# |
124,530 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
94. |
Iroquois Master Fund Ltd.(94) |
103,778 |
# |
103,778 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
95. |
Connective Capital Emerging Energy QP, LP(95) |
92,337 |
# |
92,337 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
96. |
Alto Opportunity Master Fund, SPC – Segregated Master |
92,250 |
# |
92,250 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
97. |
3i, LP(97) |
92,250 |
# |
92,250 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
98. |
S.H.N Financial Investments Ltd(98) |
85,790 |
# |
85,790 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
99. |
Block Space Force One Limited(99) |
83,020 |
# |
83,020 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
100. |
Brett Palos(100) |
83,020 |
# |
83,020 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
101. |
Daniel Shiff(101) |
83,020 |
# |
83,020 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
102. |
Guardian Trust Company Limited as trustee of the Honey Badger |
83,020 |
# |
83,020 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
103. |
TIFF MultiAsset NewGen |
74,660 |
# |
74,660 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
104. |
Craig Steven Levine(104) |
73,800 |
# |
73,800 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
105. |
Pinz Capital Special Opportunities Fund LP(105) |
73,800 |
# |
73,800 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
106. |
Scioto View Ventures(106) |
73,800 |
# |
73,800 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
107. |
Jonathan Fayman(107) |
66,420 |
# |
66,420 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
108. |
Pierre M. Henry(108) |
55,352 |
# |
55,352 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
109. |
John Pridjian(109) |
55,352 |
# |
55,352 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
110. |
TQ Master Fund LP(110) |
55,350 |
# |
55,350 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
35
|
Number of Shares of |
Maximum |
Number of Shares of |
||||||||||||
|
Name of Selling Stockholders |
Number |
Percent |
Shares |
Number |
Percent |
|||||||||
|
111. |
Empery Asset Master, LTD(111) |
46,563 |
# |
|
46,563 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
112. |
George Bousis(112) |
46,120 |
# |
|
46,120 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
113. |
Harry Hurst(113) |
46,120 |
# |
|
46,120 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
114. |
Marina Bittel(114) |
36,900 |
# |
|
36,900 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
115. |
RLH SPAC Fund LP(115) |
36,900 |
# |
|
36,900 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
116. |
Connective Capital 1 QP LP(116) |
36,813 |
# |
|
36,813 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
117. |
Iroquois Capital Investment Group LLC(117) |
34,592 |
# |
|
34,592 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
118. |
Empery Tax Efficient III, LP(118) |
27,935 |
# |
|
27,935 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
119. |
Paul Ghezzi(119) |
27,676 |
# |
|
27,676 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
120. |
FirstFire Global Opportunities Fund, LLC(120) |
18,450 |
# |
|
18,450 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
121. |
Empery Tax Efficient, LP(121) |
17,752 |
# |
|
17,752 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
122. |
Douglas M. Polinsky(122) |
622,694 |
# |
|
622,694 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
123. |
Joseph A. Geraci, II(123) |
622,694 |
# |
|
622,694 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
124. |
Dana Wagner(124) |
207,565 |
# |
|
207,565 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||
|
94,026,755 |
93.9 |
% |
94,026,755 |
0 |
0 |
% |
||||||||
____________
* Applicable percentage ownership is based on 100,293,559 shares of our Common Stock outstanding assuming the sale of all shares of our Common Stock being offered for resale pursuant to this prospectus.
** Assumes the sale of all shares of our Common Stock being offered for resale pursuant to this prospectus.
# Represents beneficial ownership of less than 1.0% of the outstanding shares of our Common Stock.
(1) Includes (i) 8,000,000 shares of Common Stock and (ii) 1,946,048 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of Pre-Funded Warrants. Eric Taylor is the Manager of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 1575 Park Drive, Weston, FL 33326.
(2) Includes (i) 4,000,000 shares of Common Stock and (ii) 1,535,055 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of Pre-Funded Warrants. Jianping Kong is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is FLATB 17/F HOLLYWOOD HILL 222 HOLLYWOOD RD, Hong Kong.
(3) Includes 4,612,547 shares of Common Stock and 3,113,469 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of Lead Investor Warrants. Leo Kassam is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 4th Floor, Harbour Place, 103 South Church Street, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands, KY1-1002.
(4) Includes (i) 4,000,000 shares of Common Stock, (ii) 612,547 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of Pre-Funded Warrants, and (iii) and 3,113,469 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of Foundation Investor Warrants. Glenn Kennedy is the Authorized Signatory for the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is Leeward Management Limited, Suite 3119, 9 Forum Lane, Camana Bay, P.O. Box 144, George Town, Grand Cayman KY1-9006, Cayman Islands, Attn: Legal.
(5) Includes 3,690,030 shares of Common Stock. Elisabeth Summers is the General Counsel of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is c/o Polar Asset Management Partners, 16 York Street, Suite 2900, Toronto, Ontario M5J 0E6.
(6) Includes (i) 2,680,000 shares of Common Stock and (ii) 1,010,027 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of Pre-Funded Warrants. Fabio Frontini is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 475, Triq il-Kbira San Guzepp, Santa Venera SVR1011, Malta.
(7) Includes 2,767,520 shares of Common Stock. Antonio Ruiz-Gimenez is the Authorized Signatory of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 1 Penn Plz Ste 4810, New York, NY 10119.
(8) Includes 2,767,520 shares of Common Stock. Jason Urban is the Authorized Signatory of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 300 Vesey St., 13th Floor, New York, NY 10282.
(9) Includes (i) 514,000 shares of Common Stock and (ii) 1,331,010 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of Pre-Funded Warrants. Antonia Peabody is the Authorized Signatory of Citadel Advisors LLC, Portfolio Manager of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is. 830 Brickell Plaza, Floor 15, Miami, FL 33131.
36
(10) Includes (i) 1,320,000 shares of Common Stock and (ii) 525,018 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of Pre-Funded Warrants. Fabio Frontini is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 475, Triq il-Kbira San Guzepp, Santa Venera SVR1011, Malta.
(11) Includes 1,845,010 shares of Common Stock. Matthew MacIsaac is the Secretary of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 161 Bay Street, TD Canada Trust Tower, Suite 2240 Toronto ON M5J 2S.
(12) Includes 1,845,010 shares of Common Stock. Seyedmohammed Alizadehfard is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is C/- Level 9, Al Sarab Tower, ADGM Square, Al Maryah Island, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
(13) Includes 1,660,510 shares of Common Stock. J. Michael Arrington is the General Partner of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 382 NE 191st St, Suite 52895, Miami, FL 33179-3899.
(14) Includes 1,476,010 shares of Common Stock. George Alexander is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is Trident Chambers, P.O. Box 146, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands.
(15) Includes 1,476,010 shares of Common Stock. Wei Zhu is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is Rm. 2302, 23/F, Lee Garden Five, 18 Hysan Avenue, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong.
(16) Includes 1,291,510 shares of Common Stock. Allan Cassis is the Managing Member of the General Partner of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 237 South Dixie Highway, 4th Floor, Coral Gables, FL 33133 United States.
(17) Includes 923,075 shares of Common Stock. Avichal Garg is the Managing Member of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 855 El Camino Real, #13A-152 Palo Alto, CA 94301.
(18) Includes 922,510 shares of Common Stock. Matthew Gorham is the Authorized Signatory of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 600 Montgomery St., 45th Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94111.
(19) Includes 922,510 shares of Common Stock. James Contos is the Authorized Signatory of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 65 Curzon Street, London, W1J8PE.
(20) Includes 922,510 shares of Common Stock. Marc Jansen is the Managing Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is Jacob Bontinusplaats 9, 1018 LL, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
(21) Includes 922,510 shares of Common Stock. John Platts is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is Harneys Fiduciary (Cayman) Limited, 4th Floor, Harbour Place, 103 Church St., P.O. Box 10240, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands KY1-1002.
(22) Includes 922,510 shares of Common Stock. David Garcia is the Managing Partner of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 4290 South Highway 27 Suite 201 Space 3, Clermont, FL 34711.
(23) Includes 922,508 shares of Common Stock. John Pridjian is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is Block 218, Parcel 134, PO Box CEC-219, Grand Cayman Islands, KY1-9012.
(24) Includes 922,500 shares of Common Stock. Benjamin Forman is the Managing Partner of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 500 Putnam Avenue, Suite 400, Greenwich, CT 06830.
(25) Includes 922,500 shares of Common Stock and 3113,469 shares of Common Stock underlying Placement Agent Warrants. Thomas J Higgins is the Managing Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 590 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10022.
(26) Includes 859,770 shares of Common Stock. Lawrence Chu is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 2101, Hong Kong Diamond Exchange Building, 8-10 Duddell Street, Central, Hong Kong.
(27) Includes 778,114 shares of Common Stock. Seth Ginns is the Managing Member of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 5 Bryant Park Suite 1003, New York, NY 10018.
(28) Includes 778,114 shares of Common Stock. Ervin Novas is the Authorized Representative of the Selling Stockholder.
(29) Includes 645,750 shares of Common Stock. Allan Cassis is the Managing Member of the General Partner of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 237 South Dixie Highway, 4th Floor, Coral Gables, FL 33133 United States.
(30) Includes 553,500 shares of Common Stock. J.C. van der Plas is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is, Ogier Global (Cayman) Limited, 89 Nexus Way, Camana Bay, Grand Cayman KY1-9009, Cayman Islands.
(31) Includes 553,500 shares of Common Stock. Danish Chaudhry is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is Craigmuir Chambers, P.O. Box 71, Road Town, Tortola, VG 1110, British Virgin Islands
(32) Includes 553,500 shares of Common Stock. Steven McClurg is the Manager of General Partner of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 8 Cadillac Drive, Suite 300, Brentwood, TN 37027.
(33) Includes 553,500 shares of Common Stock. Paul Yablon is the General Partner of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 30 W 24th Street Floor 10, New York, NY 10010.
(34) Includes 507,380 shares of Common Stock. Kavitha Palani is the Managing Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is Willow House Criquet Square FL 4, Grand Cayman KY 9010 Cayman Islands.
(35) Includes 461,250 shares of Common Stock. Ran Neuner is the Advisor of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 11 Habarzel Street, Tel Aviv, Israel.
(36) Includes 461,250 shares of Common Stock. Basil Bielich is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is Ground Floor, Dorchester House, Belmont Hill, Douglas, Isle of Man, IM1 4RE
(37) Includes 461,250 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is 9 W Walton, Chicago, IL 60610.
(38) Includes 429,116 shares of Common Stock. Joseph Reda is the Manager of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 135 Sycamore Drive, Roslyn, NY 11576.
37
(39) Includes 408,073 shares of Common Stock. Cosmo Jiang is the Manager of the General Partner of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 1501 Lincoln Blvd #1005, Venice, CA 90291.
(40) Includes 369,000 shares of Common Stock. John Pridijian is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is Block 218, Parcel 134, PO Box CEC-219, Grand Cayman Islands, KY-9012.
(41) Includes 369,000 shares of Common Stock. Kevin YB is the Managing Partner of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 500 Putnam Avenue, Suite 400, Greenwich, CT 06830.
(42) Includes 369,000 shares of Common Stock. Robert Rutherford is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 1850 Gateway Drive, 6th Floor, San Mateo, California 94404.
(43) Includes 369,000 shares of Common Stock. Tekin Salimi is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is PO Box 173 Kingston Chambers, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands.
(44) Includes 369,000 shares of Common Stock. John Passalacqua is the President of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 4936 Yonge St, Suite 153, Toronto, ON M2N653.
(45) Includes 369,000 shares of Common Stock. Dan Dimiero, is the Manager of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 12301 Research BLVD, #4-270, Austin, TX 78759.
(46) Includes 369,000 shares of Common Stock. Dina Wegh is the Associate General Counsel of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 290 Harbor Dr., 3rd Floor, Stamford, CT 06902.
(47) Includes 369,000 shares of Common Stock. Joseph Hammer is the Managing Member of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 510 Madison Avenue, Suite 1400, New York, NY 10022.
(48) Includes 369,000 shares of Common Stock. Benjamin Baker is the Chief Operating Officer of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is, c/o Tekne Capital Management, LLC, 400 Madison Ave, Ste 16, New York, NY 10017
(49) Includes 369,000 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is 11 Lin Fa Kung Unit 1703, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong.
(50) Includes 369,000 shares of Common Stock. Kelvin Koh Lee Guan is the Managing Member of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 2010, 20/F, Lee Garden Three, One Sunning Road, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong.
(51) Includes 369,000 shares of Common Stock. Kelvin Koh Lee Guan is the Managing Member of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 2010, 20/F, Lee Garden Three, One Sunning Road, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong.
(52) Includes 332,100 shares of Common Stock. Jeannie Vu is the Manager of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 53 Calle Las Palmeras Ste 903, San Juan PR 00901.
(53) Includes 332,100 shares of Common Stock. Michael McCaffrey is the Manager of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is Willow House Cricket Square Grand Cayment KY1-1001 Cayman Islands.
(54) Includes 332,100 shares of Common Stock. Bradley Tighy is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is Suite C3, Hirzel Court, Hirzel Street, St Peter Port, Guernsey, GY1 2NN.
(55) Includes 332,100 shares of Common Stock. Chen Zihao is the Director of NGC Partners EG Ltd. The address of record is 2 Science Park Drive, 01-08 Ascent Building, 18222 Singapore.
(56) Includes 332,100 shares of Common Stock. Daniel Kordash is the President of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 66 W Flagler Street, Suite 900, #10189, Miami, FL 33130.
(57) Includes 322,870 shares of Common Stock. Jess Mogul is the President of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 347 W. 87th Street, Apt. 2R, New York, NY 10024.
(58) Includes 322,870 shares of Common Stock. Vikas Mittal is the Managing Member of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 1200 N Federal Highway #200, Boca Raton, FL 33432.
(59) Includes 313,650 shares of Common Stock. Jordan Abisch is the Manager of RKT AAF GP LLC. The address of record is 2500 Weston Road, Suite 211, Weston, FL 33331.
(60) Includes 309,040 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is 54 Deepdale Dr, Great Neck, NY 11021
(61) Includes 309,040 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is PO Box 296, Crested Butte, CO 81224-0296.
(62) Includes 309,040 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is 11350 Random Hills Road Suite 400, Fairfax, VA 22030-7421.
(63) Includes 297,964 shares of Common Stock. Paul Ghezzi is the Chief Executive Officer of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 11 Cidermill Avenue, Suite 201, Vaughn ON L4K 4B6
(64) Includes 276,750 shares of Common Stock. Rennick Palley is the Manager of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 610 Newport Center Drive, Suite 430, Newport Beach, CA 92660.
(65) Includes 276,750 shares of Common Stock. Rennick Palley is the Manager of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 610 Newport Center Drive, Suite 430, Newport Beach, CA 92660.
(66) Includes 276,750 shares of Common Stock. Ivan Li Yun Hsiu is the General Partner of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 4th Floor, Harbour Place, 103 South Church Street, P.O. Box 10240 Grand Gayman KY1-1002 George Town Cayman Islands.
(67) Includes 276,750 shares of Common Stock. Petrus Basson is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is Harbour Place, 2nd Floor 103 South Church Street P.O. Box 472 George Town, Grand Cayman KY1-1106, Cayman Islands.
(68) Includes 253,370 shares of Common Stock. Chris Rowan is the Portfolio Manager of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 25 King St. W, Suite 2900, Toronto, ON M5l 1G3.
(69) Includes 249,070 shares of Common Stock. Dr. Ronel Anneli Williams is the Authorized Signatory of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 19th Floor, Newton Tower, Sir William Newton Street, Port Louis, Mauritius
38
(70) Includes 230,620 shares of Common Stock. Chris Rowan is the Portfolio Manager of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 25 King St. W, Suite 2900, Toronto, ON M5l 1G3.
(71) Includes 230,620 shares of Common Stock. Kavita Gupta is the General Partner of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 888 Brickell Key Drive Suite 511, Miami, FL 33131.
(72) Includes 225,460 shares of Common Stock. Chris Rowan is the Portfolio Manager of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 25 King St. W, Suite 2900, Toronto, ON M5l 1G3.
(73) Includes 221,400 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is Apartment 3131, The Blue, 6 Yunitsman Street, Tel Aviv, Israel.
(74) Includes 212,170 shares of Common Stock. Pieter Theron is the Authorized Signatory of Theseus (Monaco) SARL, Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is Palais St James, 5 Avenue Princess Alice, 98000 Monaco.
(75) Includes 202,950 shares of Common Stock and 207,565 shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the Advisor Warrants. Chris Spencer is the Managing Member of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 420 Royal Palm Way, Suite 100, Palm Beach, FL 33480.
(76) Includes 184,500 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of Pre-Funded Warrants. Sam Mintz is the Administrative Officer of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 1011 Links Dr., Miami Beach, FL 33109.
(77) Includes 184,500 shares of Common Stock. Dan Sternberg is the President of DPS Capital Inc., manager for the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is Attn: Adam Molnar, 1 First Canadian Place, 100 King St West, B1 Level Stock Cage, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5X 1H3.
(78) Includes 184,500 shares of Common Stock. Tommy Quite is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 5-9 Main Street, GX11 1AA, Gibraltar, Gibraltar.
(79) Includes 184,500 shares of Common Stock. George Ruan is the Authorized Signatory of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 25 E Alto Drive, Miami Beach, FL 33139.
(80) Includes 166,050 shares of Common Stock. Cavan Copeland is the Managing Partner of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 3300 N I-35 Ste. 380 Austin, TX 78705.
(81) Includes 166,050 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is 62 Rotchild Blv, Apt. 10, Tel Avivi 6578509.
(82) Includes 166,050 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is 34 Lincoln Ln, Purchase, NY 10577.
(83) Includes 166,050 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is 2633 N Hermitage Avenue Unit 102, Chicago, IL 60614.
(84) Includes 166,050 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is 2150 McDonalds Dr., Unit 1620, Oak Brook, IL 60523.
(85) Includes 166,050 shares of Common Stock. Tommy Quite is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 5-9 Main Street, GX11 1AA, Gibraltar, Gibraltar.
(86) Includes 166,050 shares of Common Stock. Stephen Temes is the Managing Member of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 404 Washington Ave #650, Miami Beach, FL 33139.
(87) Includes 166,050 shares of Common Stock. Doron Segev is the Authorized Signatory of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is Cycling Academy, 4 Hanechoshet, Tel Aviv, Israel.
(88) Includes 166,050 shares of Common Stock. Trevor Koverko is the Owner of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is Suite 1, Ground Floor, The Financial Services Centre, Bishop’s Court Hill, St Michael BB 14004.
(89) Includes 138,370 shares of Common Stock. Arul Murugan is the Managing Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 4290 S Highway 27, Suite 201 Space 3, Clermont, FL 34711.
(90) Includes 138,370 shares of Common Stock. Duncan Huyler is the Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 1000 Biscayne Blvd, #1501, Miami, FL 33132.
(91) Includes 135,600 shares of Common Stock. Ben Cubitt is the President of Samara Capital Inc., the manager of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 1 First Canadian Place, 100 King St West, B1 Level Stock Cage, Toronto, Ontario.
(92) Includes 129,150 shares of Common Stock. Seth Ginns is the Managing Member of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 5 Bryant Park Suite 1003, New York, NY 10018.
(93) Includes 124,530 shares of Common Stock. Dr. Ronel Anneli Williams is the Authorized Signatory of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 19th Floor, Newton Tower, Sir William Newton Street, Port Louis, Mauritius.
(94) Includes 103,778 shares of Common Stock. Richard Abbe is the Managing Member of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 2 Over Hill Rd., Suite 400, Scarsdale, NY 10583.
(95) Includes 92,337 shares of Common Stock. Rob Romero is the Chief Executive Officer of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 720 University Ave, Suite 100, Palo Alto, CA 94301.
(96) Includes 92,250 shares of Common Stock. Waqas Khatri is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 55 Post Rd W, 2nd Floor Westport, CT 06880.
(97) Includes 92,250 shares of Common Stock. Maeir J. Tarlow is the Manager of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 2 Wooster St. Floor 2, New York, NY 10013.
(98) Includes 85,790 shares of Common Stock. Nir Shamir is the Chief Executive Officer of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is Arik Einstein 3, Herzliya, Israel.
(99) Includes 83,020 shares of Common Stock. ZiJian Yang is the Director of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 60 Paya Lebar Road #07-54 Singapore 40951.
(100) Includes 83,020 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is 29 Cavendish Cloze London NW89JB.
(101) Includes 83,020 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is 17749 Collins Ave, PH42, Sunny Isles, FL 33160.
39
(102) Includes 83,020 shares of Common Stock. Gregoire Lartigue is the Authorized Signatory of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is c/o Guardian Trust Company Limited, 118 rue du Rhone, 1204 Geneva, Switzerland.
(103) Includes 74,660 shares of Common Stock. Chris Rowan is the Portfolio Manager of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 25 King St. W, Suite 2900, Toronto, ON M5l 1G3.
(104) Includes 73,800 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is 9431 Oakmore Rd, Los Angeles, GA 90035.
(105) Includes 73,800 shares of Common Stock. Matthew Pinz is the Chief Investment Officer of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 80 Dogwood Ave, Rosyln Harbor, NY 11576.
(106) Includes 73,800 shares of Common Stock. Aaron-Roth F Baker is the Owner of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 875 N High St, Suite 300, Columbus, OH 43215.
(107) Includes 66,420 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is 141 Rosales Court, Coral Gables, FL33143.
(108) Includes 55,352 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is 382 WE 191st St, PMB 47917 Miami, FL 33179-3899.
(109) Includes 55,352 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is Block 218, Parcel 134, PO Box CEC-219, Grand Cayman Islands, KY-9012.
(110) Includes 55,350 shares of Common Stock. Tanvir Kirpalani is the Authorized Signatory of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is c/o The Quarry LP, 331 Park Avenue, 3rd Floor, New York, NY 10010.
(111) Includes 46,563 shares of Common Stock. Brett Director is the General Counsel of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 1 Rockefeller Plaza, Suite 1205, New York, NY 10020.
(112) Includes 46,120 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is 9961 E Broadview Drive, Bay Harbor Islands, FL 33154.
(113) Includes 46,120 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is 3815 Coventry Lane, Boca Raton, FL 33496.
(114) Includes 36,900 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is 17 Quarrendon Street, Top Floor Flat, London, SW6 3ST.
(115) Includes 36,900 shares of Common Stock. Louis Camhi is the Chief Investment Officer of RLH Capital LLC, Manager of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 119 Hicks Lane, Great Neck, NY 11024.
(116) Includes 36,813 shares of Common Stock. Rob Romero is the Chief Executive Officer of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 720 University Ave, Suite 100, Palo Alto, CA 94301.
(117) Includes 34,592 shares of Common Stock. Richard Abbe is the Managing Member of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 2 Over Hill Road, Suite 400, Scarsdale, NY 10583.
(118) Includes 27,935 shares of Common Stock. Brett Director is the General Counsel of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 1 Rockefeller Plaza, Suite 1205, New York, NY 10020.
(119) Includes 27,676 shares of Common Stock. The address of record is 50 Stallions Court Vaughan ON L6A 4V5.
(120) Includes 18,450 shares of Common Stock. Eli Fireman is the Managing Member of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 1040 1st Ave, New York, NY 10022.
(121) Includes 17,752 shares of Common Stock. Brett Director is the General Counsel of the Selling Stockholder. The address of record is 1 Rockefeller Plaza, Suite 1205, New York, NY 10020.
(122) Includes 622,694 shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to Management Warrants. The address of record is 1907 Wayzata Boulevard, Suite 205, Wayzata, MN 55391.
(123) Includes 622,694 shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to Management Warrants. The address of record is 1907 Wayzata Boulevard, Suite 205, Wayzata, MN 55391.
(124) Includes 207,565 shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to Director Warrants. The address of record is 1907 Wayzata Boulevard, Suite 205, Wayzata, MN 55391.
40
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock. We intend to retain future earnings, if any, to finance the operation of our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination related to our dividend policy will be made at the discretion of our Board after considering our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, business prospects and other factors our Board deems relevant, and subject to the restrictions contained in any future financing instruments.
41
DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The following table sets forth the names, ages and titles of our directors, executive officers and key personnel:
Executive Officers and Directors
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to our executive officers and directors as of the date hereof.
|
Name |
Age |
Position |
||
|
Douglas M. Polinsky |
66 |
Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) |
||
|
Joseph A. Geraci II |
56 |
Chief Financial Officer and Director (Principal Financial Officer/Principal Accounting Officer) |
||
|
Stephen Mackintosh |
37 |
Chief Investment Officer |
||
|
Marius Barnett |
42 |
Chairman of the Board |
||
|
Howard P. Liszt |
79 |
Independent Director |
||
|
Dana Wagner |
49 |
Independent Director |
Executive Officers
Douglas M. Polinsky co-founded the Company in January 2006 and since that time has been the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company. Since 1994, Mr. Polinsky has been the President of Great North Capital Consultants, Inc., a financial advisory and investment company that he founded. Great North Capital Consultants, Inc. primarily engages in the business of investing in hard money lending with collateral on the loans being first or second mortgages in both residential and commercial properties. In addition, Great North Capital Consultants, Inc. makes direct investments into public and private companies. From 2015 until 2024, Mr. Polinsky served as an independent director of Liberated Syndication, Inc., a Nevada corporation with its podcast-publishing operations in Pennsylvania, as well as that board’s audit and compensation committees. Mr. Polinsky earned a Bachelor of Science degree in hotel administration at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas in 1981.
Joseph A. Geraci, II co-founded the Company in January 2006 and has been a director and the Chief Financial Officer of the Company since that time. Since February 2002 through the present time, Mr. Geraci has been managing member of Isles Capital, LLC, an advisory and consulting firm that assists small businesses, both public and private, in business development. In March 2005, Mr. Geraci also became the managing member of Mill City Advisors, LLC, the general partner of Mill City Ventures, LP, and Mill City Ventures II, LP, each a Minnesota limited partnership that invested directly into both private and public companies. From January 2005 until August 2005, Mr. Geraci served as the Director of Finance for Gelstat Corporation, a purveyor of homeopathic remedies, based in Bloomington, Minnesota. Mr. Geraci provided investment advice to clients as a stockbroker and Vice President of Oak Ridge Financial Services, Inc., a Minneapolis-based broker-dealer firm, from June 2000 to December 2004. While at Oak Ridge Financial Services, Mr. Geraci’s business was focused on structuring and negotiating debt and equity private placements with both private and publicly held companies. Mr. Geraci was employed at other Minneapolis brokerage firms from July 1991 to June 2000. From his career and investment experiences, Mr. Geraci has established networks of colleagues, clients, co-investors, and the officers and directors of public and private companies. These networks offer a range of contacts across a number of sectors and companies that may provide opportunities for investment, including many that meet the Company’s screening criteria.
Stephen Mackintosh was appointed the Chief Investment Officer of the Company effective July 31, 2025. Mr. Mackintosh is a co-founder at Karatage, a principal investing business in the blockchain and deep tech sector. He has also served as an advisor to the web3 cohort at Entrepreneurs First, a talent incubator that has helped create over 600 startups with a combined value of over $11 billion. Previously, Mr. Mackintosh was Chief Commercial Officer at Re:infer, a natural language processing startup that was acquired by UiPath (NYSE: PATH) in August 2022. He also served as an advisor to Resolve Group, a London-based finance house providing corporate finance and restructuring services, acquired by Evelyn Partners. Mr. Mackintosh earned a 1st Class BA Honors degree from University College London.
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Directors
Douglas M. Polinsky — See above.
Joseph A. Geraci, II — See above.
Marius Barnett was appointed the Chairman of the Board of the Company effective July 31, 2025. Mr. Barnett is a co-founder of Karatage, a principal investing business in the blockchain and deep tech sector. Mr. Barnett is an experienced principal investor, operator and board executive who has identified and grown real estate, technology and early-stage venture capital businesses both organically and through strategic mergers and acquisitions to create high value profitable platforms including RN3, a pan-European logistics real estate investment fund. Previously, Mr. Barnett joined Glencore International in 2007 where he led operational, trading and acquisition activities as Chief Executive Officer of Glencore’s Southeast Asia platform until the end of 2014. Mr. Barnett holds a BSc in Actuarial Science and Mathematical Statistics from the University of Witwatersrand, South Africa.
Howard P. Liszt served as Chief Executive Officer of Campbell Mithun, a national marketing communications agency he joined in 1976, and served there until 2001. Under his leadership, Campbell Mithun grew to be one of the 20 largest agencies in the world. From 2002 until 2014, Mr. Liszt served as Chairman of Olson, a leading independent digital agency. Mr. Liszt has served as a Board member for several industry-leading companies including Land O’ Lakes, ShuffleMaster, Ocular Sciences, Coleman Natural Foods, and Eggland’s Best. Mr. Liszt holds a Bachelor of Arts in Journalism and Marketing, and a Master of Science in Marketing from the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
Dana Wagner (Director) was appointed to the Board of the Company effective July 31, 2025. Mr. Wagner has been on the Board of Managers of the Coinbase Custody Trust Company since 2024. From 2021 through early 2025, Mr. Wagner served as the Chief Legal Officer, Chief Compliance Officer, and Corporate Secretary of telecommunications technology leader Twilio, and prior to that, from 2018 to 2021, he served as the Chief Legal Officer of Impossible Foods, a biotechnology company focused on plant-based foods. From 2018 to 2020, he was an Adjunct Professor at Northwestern University, and he has periodically taught and lectured at Berkeley Law and other academic institutions. From 2011 to 2016, Mr. Wagner served as the General Counsel of the financial technology company Square (now Block), and from 2007 to 2011, he led the legal team responsible for antitrust and consumer protection matters at Google. Before that, he held various positions in the U.S. Department of Justice. Mr. Wagner holds a B.A. in Comparative Literature and Economics from the University of California, Berkeley, and a J.D. from Yale Law School.
Committees
The Audit Committee is composed of Mr. Liszt and Mr. Wagner. The Compensation Committee is composed of Mr. Liszt. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is composed of Mr. Liszt.
Equity-Based Incentive Awards
Our equity-based incentive awards are designed to advance the interests of the company and our stockholders by enabling us to attract and retain qualified individuals through opportunities for equity participation, and to reward those individuals who contribute to the achievement of our economic objectives. The Compensation Committee has the authority to determine all necessary or desirable provisions of incentive awards, including the eligible recipients who will be granted one or more incentive awards under the 2022 Plan, the nature and extent of the incentive awards to be made to each participant, the time or times when incentive awards will be granted, the duration of each incentive award, and payment or vesting restrictions and other conditions.
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Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End
The following table sets forth certain information concerning outstanding stock options and restricted stock awards held by our named executive officers as of December 31, 2024:
|
Name |
Number of |
Number of |
Option |
Option |
|||||
|
Douglas M. Polinsky(1) |
250,000 |
0 |
$ |
2.12 |
11/23/2032 |
||||
|
Joseph A. Geraci, II(1) |
250,000 |
0 |
$ |
2.12 |
11/23/2032 |
||||
____________
(1) On November 23, 2022, we issued to each named executive 250,000 (aggregating 500,000 in total to both named executives) ten-year non-statutory stock options to purchase common stock at the purchase price of $2.12 per share, under our 2022 Stock Incentive Plan. At the time of grant, these stock options and the plan itself were subject to the approval of our shareholders. Our shareholders subsequently approved the plan and related option issuances on January 20, 2023 at a special shareholder meeting called for that purpose.
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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of August 27, 2025, for (i) each of our named executive officers and directors, (ii) all of our named executive officers and directors as a group, and (iii) each other stockholder known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our outstanding Common Stock.
Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each beneficial owner listed in the table below is c/o Sui Group Holdings Limited,1907 Wayzata Boulevard, Suite 205, Wayzata, MN 55391.
|
Name |
Number of |
Percentage of |
||
|
Karatage Opportunities(2) |
4,612,547 |
5.6% |
||
|
Douglas M. Polinsky(3) |
680,762 |
* |
||
|
Joseph A. Geraci, II(4) |
464,372 |
* |
||
|
Howard P. Liszt(5) |
315,556 |
* |
||
|
Marius Barnett(6) |
— |
—% |
||
|
Stephen Mackintosh(7) |
— |
—% |
||
|
Dana Wagner(8) |
— |
—% |
||
|
All current directors and officers as a group (six persons) |
1,460,690 |
1.8% |
____________
* Less than 1%.
(1) The number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by each person is determined under the rules of the Commission and the information is not necessarily indicative of beneficial ownership for any other purpose. Under such rules, beneficial ownership includes any shares as to which such person has sole or shared voting power or investment power and also any shares which the individual has the right to acquire within 60 days after the date hereof, through the exercise of any stock option, warrant or other right. Unless otherwise indicated, each person has sole investment and voting power (or shares such power with his or her spouse) with respect to the shares set forth in the foregoing table. The inclusion herein of any shares deemed beneficially owned does not constitute an admission of beneficial ownership of those shares.
(2) Karatage Opportunities is a company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands (“Karatage”). Renough Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of the Isle of Man, is the trustee of Kivalina Trust. Kivalina Trust, a trust organized under the laws of the Isle of Man, is the sole shareholder of Kivalina Investment Holdings Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of the Isle of Man (“Kivalana Investment”), and Kivalina Investment is the majority shareholder of Karatage Ventures (Jersey) Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of the Isle of Jersey (“Karatage Ventures”). Karatage Ventures is the sole shareholder of Karatage Capital Holdings (Jersey) Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Jersey (“Karatage Capital”), and Karatage Capital is the sole shareholder of Karatage. Karatage is the direct holder of the Common Stock of the Company. Leo Kassam and Laura Marie McGeever, both citizens of the Cayman Islands, are members of the two-member board of directors of Karatage. The address of record is 4th Floor, Harbour Place, 103 South Church Street, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands, KY1-1002.
(3) Mr. Polinsky is our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. Figure includes 128,915 shares of Common Stock held by Lantern Advisers, LLC, a Minnesota limited liability company co-owned by Messrs. Polinsky and Geraci; 301,847 shares of Common Stock held individually and directly by Mr. Polinsky. The reported figure also includes a presently exercisable non-statutory stock option for the purchase of up to 250,000 shares of Common Stock.
(4) Mr. Geraci is a director our Company and our Chief Financial Officer. Figure includes 128,915 shares of Common Stock held by Lantern Advisers, LLC, a Minnesota limited liability company co-owned by Messrs. Geraci and Polinsky; and 210,012 shares of Common Stock held individually and directly by Mr. Geraci. The reported figure also includes a presently exercisable non-statutory stock option for the purchase of up to 125,000 shares of Common Stock.
(5) Mr. Liszt is a director of our Company. The reported figure include a presently exercisable non-statutory stock option for the purchase of up to 100,000 shares of common stock.
(6) Mr. Barnett is the chairman of our Board.
(7) Mr. Mackintosh is the Chief Investment Officer of our Company.
(8) Mr. Wagner is a director of our Company.
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Common Stock
Our articles of incorporation authorize us to issue up to 111,111,111 shares of capital stock, $0.001 par value per share. Unless otherwise specifically approved by our board of directors (see “— Preferred Stock” below), all shares of capital stock we issue are common shares. As of the date of this prospectus, there were 82,148,429 shares of our Common Stock are issued and outstanding held by approximately 368 holders of record.
Our common shareholders of record are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters to be voted on by shareholders. Unless specified in our articles of incorporation or bylaws, or as required by applicable provisions of Minnesota law (or stock exchange rules that may apply to us in the future), the affirmative vote of a majority of our shares of common stock that are voted is required to approve any such matter voted on by our shareholders. There is no cumulative voting with respect to the election of directors, with the result that the holders of more than 50% of the shares voted for the election of directors can elect all of our directors. Our shareholders are entitled to receive ratable dividends when, as and if declared by the board of directors out of funds legally available therefor.
Directors on our board serve a one-year term or such longer period until they are replaced, removed or otherwise leave their office. Nasdaq requires that a listed company hold an annual shareholder meeting no later than 12 months following the end of its fiscal year. Thus, we may hold shareholder meetings, whether annual or regular, from time to time. At any such meeting, our common shareholders, together with any other class of capital stock issued and outstanding at that time and entitling its holders to vote, would elect directors to serve on our board of directors.
In the event of a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our Company, our shareholders are entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining available for distribution to them after payment of liabilities and after provision is made for each class of stock, if any, having preference over the common stock. Our shareholders have no preemptive or other subscription rights. There are no sinking-fund provisions applicable to the common stock or any other class of capital stock.
Dividend Policy
We have on occasion paid cash dividends on our common stock. Our payment of cash dividends in the future will be dependent upon our revenues and earnings, if any, capital requirements and general financial condition. The declaration and payment of any cash dividends in the future will be determined by our Board of Directors, in its discretion, and will depend on a number of factors, including our earnings, capital requirements, overall financial condition and contractual restrictions, if any.
Market for Shares of Common Stock
Shares of our common stock are listed on Nasdaq under the symbol “SUIG.” On August 26, 2025, the closing price per share of our common stock was $5.83.
Transfer Agent
The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Pacific Stock Transfer Co.
Preferred Stock
Our articles of incorporation permit us to issue preferred stock from time to time in one or more series. Our board of directors is authorized to fix the voting rights, if any, designations, powers, preferences, the relative, participating, optional or other special rights and any qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof, applicable to the shares of each series. Our board of directors will be able to, without shareholder approval, issue preferred stock with voting and other rights that could adversely affect the voting power and other rights of the holders of the common stock and could have anti-takeover effects. The ability of our board of directors to issue preferred stock without shareholder approval could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control of us or the removal of existing management. We have no preferred stock outstanding at the date hereof. Although we do not currently intend to issue any shares of preferred stock, we cannot assure you that we will not do so in the future. No shares of preferred stock are being issued or registered in this offering.
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Warrants
On July 31, 2025, pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreements, the Company issued to the PIPE Investors, the Pre-Funded Warrants to purchase up to 7,144,205 Pre-Funded Warrant Shares at an exercise price of $0.0001 per share, at a purchase price for one Pre-Funded Warrant of $5.4199.
The Pre-Funded Warrants are exercisable immediately, and may be exercised at any time until all of the Pre-Funded Warrants issued in the PIPE transaction are exercised in full. The exercise price and number of Pre-Funded Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrant are subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of stock dividends, stock splits, reorganizations or similar events affecting our Common Stock and the exercise price. The Pre-Funded Warrant may be exercised, in whole or in part, at any time by means of a “cashless exercise.” The Pre-Funded Warrants for certain PIPE Investors provide that the holder may not exercise any portion of such holder’s Pre-Funded Warrants to the extent that the holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own more than 4.99% (or, at the election of the holder, 9.99%) of the Company’s outstanding shares of Common Stock immediately after exercise, except that upon at least 61 days’ prior notice from the holder to the Company, the holder may increase the beneficial ownership limitation to up to 19.99% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise.
Additionally, pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreements, the Company issued:
(i) the Lead Investor Warrants to Karatage, a Purchaser in the PIPE transaction and a strategic advisor to the Company, to purchase 3,113,469 Lead Investor Warrant Shares at various prices per share of Common Stock as follows: (a) 1,245,387 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.42 per share of Common Stock; (b) 1,245,387 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.962 per share of Common Stock; (c) 415,130 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.504 per share of Common Stock; and (d) 207,565 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $7.046 per share of Common Stock;
(ii) The Foundation Investor Warrants to the Foundation Investor, a Purchaser in the PIPE transaction, to purchase 3,113,469 Foundation Investor Warrant Shares at various prices per share of Common Stock as follows: (a) 1,245,387 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.42 per share of Common Stock; (b) 1,245,387 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.962 per share of Common Stock; (c) 415,130 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.504 per share of Common Stock; and (d) 207,565 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $7.046 per share of Common Stock;
(iii) Management Warrants to certain members of the management of the Company to purchase 1,245,387 Management Warrant Shares at various prices per share of Common Stock as follows: (a) 622,694 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.42 per share of Common Stock; (b) 415,129 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.504 per share of Common Stock; and (c) 207,565 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $7.046 per share of Common Stock; and
(iv) Advisor Warrants to certain advisors of the Company to purchase 207,565 Advisor Warrant Shares at a price per share equal to $5.962.
The Warrants are exercisable for a period of five years from the date of issuance of the Warrants. The Warrants will vest over a period of 24 months starting six months from the Issue Date in four equal installments (being 25% every six months) and in the case of the Management Warrants, subject to the relevant holder still being employed by the Company at each respective vesting date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that member of the management team is terminated by the Company other than for cause or resigns for good reason (as defined in the individual’s employment agreement), the vesting of all of such individual’s Management Warrants will immediately accelerate and be fully vested as of the date of such termination.
The Company also entered into a Placement Agency Agreement with A.G.P., dated July 27, 2025, pursuant to which A.G.P. agreed to serve as the exclusive placement agent for the Company in connection with the PIPE Transaction. Pursuant to the Placement Agency Agreement, on July 31, 2025, the Company issued to A.G.P. the Placement Agent Warrants to purchase the Placement Agent Warrant Shares. The Placement Agent Warrants will become exercisable six months following the issuance, or February 28, 2026, and will be exercisable for a period of five years following the issuance date, at an exercise price of $5.962 per Placement Agent Warrant Share.
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On July 27, 2025, our Board elected Dana Wagner to serve as a member of the Board effective July 31, 2025. We agreed to grant to Mr. Wagner the Director Warrants to purchase the Director Warrant Shares at various prices per share of Common Stock as follows: (i) 83,026 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.42 per share of Common Stock; (ii) 41,513 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.962 per share of Common Stock; (iii) 41,513 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.504 per share of Common Stock; and (iv) 41,513 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $7.046 per share of Common Stock. The Director Warrants are exercisable for a period of five years. The Director Warrants will vest over a period of 24 months starting six months from the Issue Date (as defined therein) in four equal instalments (being 25% every six months), subject to Mr. Wagner (i) being a director of the Company at each respective vesting date and (ii) not having been legally and validly terminated or removed as a director pursuant to the Company’s bylaws and applicable law.
Shareholder Rights
In accordance with our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, no stockholder of the Company has any preemptive rights. Additionally, no stockholder of the Company shall have any cumulative-voting rights.
Unanimous Shareholder Written Consent
The Minnesota Business Corporation Act’s Section 302A.441 provides that any action required or permitted to be taken by the shareholders of a corporation may be effected by written consent only if signed, or consented to by authenticated electronic communication, by all of the shareholders entitled to vote on that action. The Minnesota Business Corporation Act does not permit a publicly held company such as ours to opt-out of this unanimous written consent provision.
Our Bylaws provide that special meetings of the shareholders may be called by the President, by a Vice President in the absence of the President, by the Treasurer, or by the Board or any one or more directors thereof. Special meetings may also be called by one or more shareholders holding ten percent or more of the issued and outstanding voting shares of the corporation by delivering to the President or Treasurer a written demand for a special meeting, which demand shall state the purposes of such meeting. Within 30 days after receipt of the written demand, the Board shall call a special meeting of the shareholders to be held within 90 days after receipt of the written demand. Any special meeting held pursuant to such written demand shall be held within the county where the Company’s principal executive office is located.
Anti-Dilution Adjustments
If the number of outstanding shares of common stock is increased by a stock dividend payable in shares of common stock, or by a split-up of shares of common stock or other similar event, then, on the effective date of such stock dividend, split-up or similar event, the number of shares of common stock issuable on exercise of each warrant will be increased in proportion to such increase in the outstanding shares of common stock.
If the number of outstanding shares of our common stock is decreased by a consolidation, combination, reverse stock split or reclassification of shares of common stock or other similar event, then, on the effective date of such consolidation, combination, reverse stock split, reclassification or similar event, the number of shares of common stock issuable on exercise of each warrant will be decreased in proportion to such decrease in outstanding shares of common stock.
In case of any reclassification or reorganization of the outstanding shares of common stock (other than those described above or that solely affects the par value of such shares of common stock), or in the case of any merger or consolidation of us with or into another entity in which any “person” or “group” (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act) acquires more than 50% of the voting power of our securities, or in the case of any sale or conveyance to another corporation or entity of the assets or other property of us as an entirety or substantially as an entirety, the holders of the warrants will thereafter have the right to purchase and receive, upon the basis and upon the terms and conditions specified in the warrants and in lieu of the shares of our common stock immediately theretofore purchasable and receivable upon the exercise of the rights represented thereby, the kind and amount of shares of stock or other securities or property (including cash) receivable upon such reclassification, reorganization, merger or consolidation, or any such sale or transfer, that the holder of the warrants would have received if such holder had exercised their warrants immediately prior to such event. If less than 70% of the consideration receivable by the holders of common stock in such a transaction is payable in the form of common stock in the successor entity that is
48
listed for trading on a national securities exchange or is quoted in an established over-the-counter market, or is to be so listed for trading or quoted immediately following such event, and if the registered holder of the warrant properly exercises the warrant within 30 days following public disclosure of such transaction, the warrant exercise price will be reduced as specified in the warrant agreement based on the Black-Scholes warrant value (as defined in the warrant agreement) of the warrant. The purpose of such exercise price reduction is to provide additional value to holders of the warrants when an extraordinary transaction occurs during the exercise period of the warrants pursuant to which the holders of the warrants otherwise do not receive the full potential value of the warrants. The warrant exercise price will not be adjusted for other events.
49
The Selling Stockholders, which as used in this prospectus includes donees, pledgees, transferees or other successors-in-interest selling our Common Stock received after the date of this prospectus from a Selling Stockholder as a gift, pledge, distribution or other transfer not involving a sale, may sell the applicable securities offered by this prospectus from time to time in one or more transactions, including without limitation:
• directly to one or more purchasers;
• through agents;
• to or through underwriters, brokers or dealers;
• through a combination of any of these methods; or
• any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.
In addition, the manner in which the Selling Stockholders may sell some or all of the securities covered by this prospectus includes, without limitation, through:
• On The Nasdaq Capital Market, in the over-the-counter market or on any other national securities exchange on which our securities are listed or traded;
• one or more underwritten offerings;
• block trades in which a broker-dealer will attempt to sell the securities as agent, but may position or resell a portion of the block, as principal, in order to facilitate the transaction;
• purchases by a broker-dealer, as principal, and resale by the broker-dealer for its account;
• ordinary brokerage transactions (at customary brokerage commissions, unless set forth otherwise in a prospectus supplement) and transactions in which a broker-dealer solicits purchasers;
• ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which a broker-dealer solicits purchasers;
• privately negotiated transactions, which may include a block trade;
• settlement of short sales;
• transactions through broker-dealers to sell a specified number of such securities at a stipulated price per security;
• “at the market” or through market makers or into an existing market for the securities;
• a distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable securities exchange;
• through trading plans entered into by a Selling Stockholder pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act that are in place at the time of an offering pursuant to this prospectus and, if applicable, any prospectus supplement hereto that provide for periodic sales of securities on the basis of parameters described in such trading plans;
• a combination of any such methods of distribution; or
• any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law
A Selling Stockholder that is an entity may elect to make a distribution of shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus to its members, partners or stockholders. In such events, we may file a prospectus supplement to the extent required by law in order to permit the distributees to use the prospectus to resell the securities acquired in the distribution. The Selling Stockholders may also sell Common Stock under Rule 144 or any other exemption from registration under the Securities Act, if available, rather than under this prospectus. There can be no assurance that the Selling Stockholders will sell any or all of the shares of Common Stock registered pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. The Selling Stockholders may also transfer shares of our Common Stock in other circumstances, in which case the transferees, pledgees or other successors in interest will be the selling beneficial owners for purposes of this prospectus.
50
The Selling Stockholders may also enter into derivative or hedging transactions. For example, the Selling Stockholders may:
• enter into transactions with a broker-dealer or affiliate thereof in connection with which such broker-dealer or affiliate will engage in short sales of the Common Stock pursuant to this prospectus, in which case such broker-dealer or affiliate may use shares of Common Stock received from us or one or more of the Selling Stockholders to close out its short positions;
• sell securities short and redeliver such shares to close out our or one or more of the Selling Stockholders’ short positions;
• enter into option or other types of transactions that require us or one or more of the Selling Stockholders to deliver Common Stock to a broker-dealer or an affiliate thereof, who will then resell or transfer the Common Stock under this prospectus; or
• loan or pledge the Common Stock to a broker-dealer or an affiliate thereof, who may sell the loaned shares or, in an event of default in the case of a pledge, sell the pledged shares pursuant to this prospectus.
In addition, the Selling Stockholders may enter into derivative or hedging transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. In connection with such a transaction, the third parties may sell the applicable securities covered by and pursuant to this prospectus and an applicable prospectus supplement. If so, the third party may use securities borrowed from us or one or more Selling Stockholders or others to settle such sales and may use securities received from us or one or more Selling Stockholders to close out any related short positions. We or the Selling Stockholders may also loan or pledge securities covered by this prospectus and an applicable prospectus supplement to third parties, who may sell the loaned securities or, in an event of default in the case of a pledge, sell the pledged securities pursuant to this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement.
One or more of the Selling Stockholders may, from time to time, pledge or grant a security interest in shares of our Common Stock beneficially held by it and, if such Selling Stockholder defaults in the performance of its secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell such shares of Common Stock from time to time, under this prospectus, or under an amendment or supplement to this prospectus amending the list of the Selling Stockholders to include the pledgee, transferee or other successors-in-interest as the Selling Stockholder under this prospectus.
The offer and sale of the securities described in this prospectus by the Selling Stockholders, the underwriters or the third parties described above may be effected from time to time in one or more transactions, including privately negotiated transactions, either:
• at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed;
• at market prices prevailing at the time of sale;
• at prices related to the prevailing market prices; or
• at negotiated prices.
The aggregate proceeds to the Selling Stockholders from the sale of shares of our Common Stock offered by them will be the purchase price of such shares of our Common Stock less discounts or commissions, if any. The Selling Stockholders each reserve the right to accept and, together with their agents from time to time, to reject, in whole or in part, any proposed purchase of shares of our Common Stock to be made directly or through agents.
We will not receive any of the proceeds from any offering by a Selling Stockholder. We will bear all fees and costs relating to all of the securities being registered under the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
To the extent required, this prospectus may be amended or supplemented from time to time to describe a specific plan of distribution.
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Underwriting Compensation
Any public offering price and any fees, discounts, commissions, concessions or other items constituting compensation allowed or reallowed or paid to underwriters, dealers or agents may be changed from time to time. The Selling Stockholders and any underwriters, dealers and agents and remarketing firms that participate in the distribution of the offered securities may be “underwriters” within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act. Any discounts or commissions that such underwriters, dealers and agents and remarketing firms receive and any profits they receive on the resale of the offered securities may be treated as underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. We have advised the Selling Stockholders that the anti-manipulation rules of Regulation M under the Exchange Act may apply to sales of securities in the market and to the activities of the Selling Stockholders and their respective affiliates. We will identify any underwriters, agents or dealers and describe their fees, commissions or discounts in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Underwriters and Agents
If underwriters are used in a sale, they will acquire the offered securities for their own account. The underwriters may resell the offered securities in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions. These sales may be made at a fixed public offering price or prices, which may be changed, at market prices prevailing at the time of the sale, at prices related to such prevailing market price or at negotiated prices. The Selling Stockholders may offer the securities to the public either through an underwriting syndicate represented by one or more managing underwriters or through one or more underwriter(s). The underwriters in any particular offering will be identified in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Unless otherwise specified in connection with any particular offering of securities, the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the offered securities will be subject to certain conditions contained in an underwriting agreement that the one or more of the Selling Stockholders, will enter into with the underwriters at the time of the sale to them. The underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of the securities of the series offered if any of the securities are purchased, unless otherwise specified in connection with any particular offering of securities. Any initial offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed, reallowed or paid to dealers may be changed from time to time.
Securities may be sold directly by us or the Selling Stockholders or through agents designated by us or one or more of the Selling Stockholders from time to time. Any agent involved in the offer or sale constituting a distribution of the securities in respect of which this prospectus and, if applicable, a prospectus supplement is delivered will be named, and any commissions payable by us or the Selling Stockholders to such agent will be set forth, in such prospectus supplement. Unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus supplement, any such agent will be acting on a best efforts basis for the period of its appointment.
We will make copies of this prospectus available to the Selling Stockholders and any broker-dealer acting on behalf of such Selling Stockholders and are informing the Selling Stockholders of the need to deliver a copy of this prospectus to each purchaser at or prior to the time of the sale (including by compliance with Rule 172 under the Securities Act).
Dealers
The Selling Stockholders may sell the offered securities to dealers as principals. The Selling Stockholders may negotiate and pay dealers’ commissions, discounts or concessions for their services. The dealer may then resell such securities to the public either at varying prices to be determined by the dealer or at a fixed offering price agreed to with us or one or more of the Selling Stockholders at the time of resale. Dealers engaged by us or the Selling Stockholders may allow other dealers to participate in resales.
Direct Sales
The Selling Stockholders may choose to sell the offered securities directly to multiple purchasers or a single purchaser. In this case, no underwriters or agents would be involved.
52
Indemnification; Other Relationships
We or the Selling Stockholders may agree to indemnify underwriters, dealers and agents against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act and to make contribution to them in connection with those liabilities. Underwriters, dealers and agents, and their affiliates, may engage in transactions with, or perform services for us, and our affiliates, in the ordinary course of business, including commercial banking transactions and services.
Market Making, Stabilization and Other Transactions
If the offered securities are traded after their initial issuance, they may trade at a discount from their initial offering price, depending upon prevailing interest rates, the market for similar securities and other factors. While it is possible that an underwriter could inform us that it intends to make a market in the offered securities, such underwriter would not be obligated to do so, and any such market-making could be discontinued at any time without notice. Therefore, no assurance can be given as to whether an active trading market will develop for the offered securities. We have no current plans for listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange or quotation system; any such listing with respect to any preferred stock will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Underwriters may purchase and sell shares of our Common Stock in the open market. These transactions may include short sales, syndicate covering transactions and stabilizing transactions. Short sales involve syndicate sales of Common Stock in excess of the number of shares to be purchased by the underwriters in the offering, which creates a syndicate short position. “Covered” short sales are sales of shares made in an amount up to the number of shares represented by the underwriters’ over-allotment option. In determining the source of shares to close out the covered syndicate short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase shares through the over-allotment option. Transactions to close out the covered syndicate short involve either purchases of the Common Stock in the open market after the distribution has been completed or the exercise of the over-allotment option. The underwriters may also make “naked” short sales of shares in excess of the over-allotment option. The underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing shares of Common Stock in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the shares in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering. Stabilizing transactions consist of bids for or purchases of shares in the open market while the offering is in progress for the purpose of pegging, fixing or maintaining the price of the securities.
In connection with any offering, the underwriters may also engage in penalty bids. Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member when the securities originally sold by the syndicate member are purchased in a syndicate covering transaction to cover syndicate short positions. Stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids may cause the price of the securities to be higher than it would be in the absence of the transactions. The underwriters may, if they commence these transactions, discontinue them at any time.
53
The validity of the issuance of the securities offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Paul Chestovich, Esq., Saint Paul, Minnesota.
Our independent registered public accounting firm, Boulay PLLP (“Boulay”), audited our financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. We have included our financial statements in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement in reliance on the reports of Boulay, given their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
This prospectus is part of the registration statement on Form S-1 that we filed with the SEC under the Securities Act and does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement. Whenever a reference is made in this prospectus to any of our contracts, agreements or other documents, the reference may not be complete, and you should refer to the exhibits that are part of the registration statement or the exhibits to the reports or other document incorporated into this prospectus for a copy of such contract agreement or other document. Because we are subject to the information and reporting requirements under the Exchange Act, we file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our filings with the SEC are available to the public over the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K, including any amendments to those reports, and other information that we file with or furnish to the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act can also be accessed free of charge on our website. at www.millcityventures3.com. Information contained on or accessible through our website is not a part of this prospectus and is not incorporated by reference herein, and the inclusion of our website address in this prospectus is an inactive textual reference only.
54
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” information that we file with it into this prospectus, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is an important part of this prospectus. The information incorporated by reference into this prospectus is deemed to be part of this prospectus, and, as noted below, any information filed with the SEC after the date of this prospectus will automatically be deemed to update and supersede information contained in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement.
The following documents previously filed with the SEC are incorporated by reference in this prospectus:
• Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on March 10, 2025 and Amendment No.1 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K/A, filed with the SEC on May 9, 2025;
• Our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2025 and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, filed with the SEC on August 14, 2025;
• Our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 7, 2025, January 28, 2025, February 3, 2025, July 15, 2025, July 22, 2025, July 31, 2025, August 1, 2025, August 11, 2025, August 25, 2025, and August 26, 2025 to the extent the information in such report is filed and not furnished; and
• The description of our Common Stock, which is contained in a registration statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on August 8, 2022, under the Exchange Act, by reference to the description under in the section entitled “Description of Capital Stock” in the prospectus forming a part of the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, as amended (Registration No. 333-2644474) publicly filed with the SEC on April 26, 2022, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description.
We also incorporate by reference all additional documents that we file with the SEC under the terms of Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are made after the date of the initial registration statement but prior to effectiveness of the registration statement and after the date of this prospectus but prior to the termination of the offering of the securities covered by this prospectus. We are not, however, incorporating, in each case, any documents or information that we are deemed to furnish and not file in accordance with SEC rules.
You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. We have not authorized any other person to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.
Any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded for the purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained herein, or in any other subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein, modifies or supersedes that statement. The modifying or superseding statement need not state it has modified or superseded a prior statement or include any other information set forth in the document that it modifies or supersedes. The making of a modifying or superseding statement is not an admission for any purposes that the modified or superseded statement, when made, constituted a misrepresentation, an untrue statement of a material fact or an omission to state a material fact that is required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances in which it was made. Any statement so modified or superseded will not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus.
55
We will furnish, without charge, upon written or oral request, to each person (including any beneficial owner) to whom this prospectus is delivered, a copy of any or all of the documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus but not delivered with the prospectus. You may request, and we will provide you with, a copy of these filings, at no cost, by calling us at (952) 479-1923 or by writing to us at the following address:
Sui Group Holdings Limited
1907 Wayzata Boulevard, Suite 205
Wayzata, MN 55391
Attn: Douglas M. Polinsky, Chief Executive Officer
56
94,026,755 Shares of Common Stock Offered by Selling Stockholders
Sui Group Holdings Limited
__________________________________________________
PROSPECTUS
__________________________________________________
, 2025
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN THE PROSPECTUS
Item 13. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.
The following table sets forth an estimate of the fees and expenses relating to the issuance and distribution of the securities being registered hereby, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, all of which shall be borne by the registrant. All of such fees and expenses, except for the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) registration fee are estimated:
|
SEC registration fee |
$ |
72,122 |
|
|
Legal fees and expenses |
$ |
750,000 |
|
|
Printing fees and expenses |
$ |
15,000 |
|
|
Accounting fees and expenses |
$ |
500,000 |
|
|
Transfer agent fees and expenses |
$ |
20,000 |
|
|
Miscellaneous fees and expenses |
$ |
25,000 |
|
|
Total |
$ |
1,382,122 |
Item 14. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
The registrant is subject to Minnesota Statutes, Chapter 302A, the Minnesota Business Corporation Act (the “Corporation Act”). Section 302A.521 of the Corporation Act provides in substance that, unless prohibited by its articles of incorporation or bylaws, a Minnesota corporation must indemnify an officer or director who is made or threatened to be made a party to a proceeding by reason of the former or present official capacity of the person against judgments, penalties, fines, including, without limitation, excise taxes assessed against the person with respect to an employee benefit plan, settlements, and reasonable expenses, including attorneys’ fees and disbursements, incurred by such person in connection with the proceeding, if certain criteria are met. These criteria, all of which must be met by the person seeking indemnification, are as follows: (a) such person has not been indemnified by another organization or employee benefit plan for the same judgments, penalties, fines, including, without limitation, excise taxes assessed against the person with respect to an employee benefit plan, settlements, and reasonable expenses, including attorneys’ fees and disbursements, incurred by the person in connection with the proceeding with respect to the same acts or omissions; (b) such person must have acted in good faith; (c) no improper personal benefit was obtained by such person and such person satisfied certain statutory conflicts of interest provisions, if applicable; (d) in the case of a criminal proceeding, such person had no reasonable cause to believe that the conduct was unlawful; and (e) in the case of acts or omissions occurring in such person’s performance in an official capacity, such person must have acted in a manner such person reasonably believed was in the best interests of the corporation or, in certain limited circumstances, not opposed to the best interests of the corporation. In addition, Section 302A.521, subd. 3, requires payment by the registrant, upon written request, of reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition in certain instances. A decision as to required indemnification is made by a majority of the disinterested directors present at a meeting at which a disinterested quorum is present, or by a designated committee of disinterested directors, by special legal counsel, by the disinterested shareholders, or by a court.
The registrant also maintains a director and officer insurance policy to cover the registrant, its directors and its officers against certain liabilities. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted for the registrant’s directors, officers, and controlling persons pursuant to the foregoing provisions or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and is, therefore, unenforceable.
Any underwriting agreement will provide for indemnification by the underwriters of the registrant and its officers and directors for certain liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or otherwise.
These indemnification provisions may be sufficiently broad to permit indemnification of our directors and officers for liabilities (including reimbursement of expenses incurred) arising under the Securities Act.
II-1
Item 15. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities.
PIPE Transaction
On July 27, 2025, the Company entered into securities purchase agreements (the “Securities Purchase Agreements”) with the investors identified on the signature pages thereto (the “PIPE Investors”) and a related registration rights agreement (“RRA”) in connection with the issuance and sale in a private placement of the following securities to the PIPE Investors for gross proceeds of approximately $450 million: (i) 75,881,625 shares (the “Common Shares”) of the Company’s Common Stock and (ii) pre-funded warrants (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”) to purchase up to an aggregate of 7,144,205 shares of Common Stock (the “Pre-Funded Warrant Shares”) at an exercise price of $0.0001 per share (the “PIPE Transaction”). The offering price for one share of Common Stock was $5.42 and the offering price for one Pre-Funded Warrant was $5.4199. The PIPE Transaction closed on July 31, 2025.
The Pre-Funded Warrants are exercisable immediately, and may be exercised at any time until all of the Pre-Funded Warrants issued in the PIPE transaction are exercised in full. The exercise price and number of Pre-Funded Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrant are subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of stock dividends, stock splits, reorganizations or similar events affecting our Common Stock and the exercise price. The Pre-Funded Warrant may be exercised, in whole or in part, at any time by means of a “cashless exercise.” The Pre-Funded Warrants for certain PIPE Investors provide that the holder may not exercise any portion of such holder’s Pre-Funded Warrants to the extent that the holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own more than 4.99% (or, at the election of the holder, 9.99%) of the Company’s outstanding shares of Common Stock immediately after exercise, except that upon at least 61 days’ prior notice from the holder to the Company, the holder may increase the beneficial ownership limitation to up to 19.99% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise.
Additionally, pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreements, the Company issued:
(i) the Lead Investor Warrants to Karatage, a Purchaser in the PIPE transaction and a strategic advisor to the Company, to purchase 3,113,469 Lead Investor Warrant Shares at various prices per share of Common Stock as follows: (a) 1,245,387 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.42 per share of Common Stock; (b) 1,245,387 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.962 per share of Common Stock; (c) 415,130 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.504 per share of Common Stock; and (d) 207,565 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $7.046 per share of Common Stock;
(ii) The Foundation Investor Warrants to the Foundation Investor, a Purchaser in the PIPE transaction, to purchase 3,113,469 Foundation Investor Warrant Shares at various prices per share of Common Stock as follows: (a) 1,245,387 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.42 per share of Common Stock; (b) 1,245,387 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.962 per share of Common Stock; (c) 415,130 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.504 per share of Common Stock; and (d) 207,565 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $7.046 per share of Common Stock;
(iii) Management Warrants to certain members of the management of the Company to purchase 1,245,387 Management Warrant Shares at various prices per share of Common Stock as follows: (a) 622,694 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.42 per share of Common Stock; (b) 415,129 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.504 per share of Common Stock; and (c) 207,565 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $7.046 per share of Common Stock; and
(iv) Advisor Warrants to certain advisors of the Company to purchase 207,565 Advisor Warrant Shares at a price per share equal to $5.962.
The Warrants are exercisable for a period of five years from the date of issuance of the Warrants. The Warrants will vest over a period of 24 months starting six months from the Issue Date in four equal installments (being 25% every six months) and in the case of the Management Warrants, subject to the relevant holder still being employed by the Company at each respective vesting date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that member of the management team is terminated by the Company other than for cause or resigns for good reason (as defined in the individual’s employment agreement), the vesting of all of such individual’s Management Warrants will immediately accelerate and be fully vested as of the date of such termination.
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The Warrants and the Warrant Shares are being offered in reliance upon the exemption from the registration requirement of the Securities Act, pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) thereof and/or Rule 506(b) of Regulation D promulgated thereunder, and applicable state securities laws.
The Company also entered into the Placement Agency Agreement with A.G.P., dated July 27, 2025, pursuant to which A.G.P. agreed to serve as the exclusive placement agent for the Company in connection with the PIPE Transaction. Pursuant to the Placement Agency Agreement, on July 31, 2025, the Company issued to A.G.P. Placement Agent Warrants to purchase up to 3,113,469 Placement Agent Warrant Shares (equal to 3.75% of the securities sold in the PIPE Transaction). The Placement Agent Warrants will become exercisable six months following the issuance, or February 28, 2026, and will be exercisable for a period of five years following the issuance date, at an exercise price of $5.962 per Placement Agent Warrant Share.
The Placement Agent Warrants and the Placement Agent Warrant Shares are being offered in reliance upon the exemption from the registration requirement of the Securities Act, pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) thereof and/or Rule 506(b) of Regulation D promulgated thereunder, and applicable state securities laws.
PEF Agreement
On August 1, 2025, we entered into the PEF Agreement with A.G.P. pursuant to which A.G.P. has agreed to purchase from us up to an aggregate of $500 million of our Common Stock from time to time over the term of the PEF Agreement (subject to certain limitations). Pursuant to the terms of the PEF, we may elect, in our sole discretion, to issue and sell to the A.G.P., from time to time, up to $500 million of shares of Common Stock (the “Total Commitment”) after the date of the PEF Prospectus. The shares of Common Stock will be purchased by A.G.P. at a price per share equal to 95.0% of the volume weighted average price (“VWAP”) per share of our Common Stock, and equal to 95.0% of the VWAP for certain intraday purchases. The common stock is being offered pursuant to the exemption from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Rule 506(b) of Regulation D promulgated thereunder, and applicable state securities laws.
Item 16. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
(a) Exhibits.
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Exhibit |
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3.1 |
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3.2 |
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3.3 |
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3.4 |
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4.1 |
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4.2 |
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4.3 |
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4.4 |
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4.5 |
II-3
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Exhibit |
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4.6 |
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5.1 |
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10.1 |
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10.2 |
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10.3 |
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10.4 |
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10.5^ |
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10.6† |
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10.7 |
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10.8 |
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10.9 |
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10.10 |
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10.11 |
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10.12 |
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10.13 |
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10.14 |
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10.15 |
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10.16 |
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10.17 |
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10.18 |
II-4
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Exhibit |
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10.19 |
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10.20 |
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10.21 |
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10.22 |
Custodial Services Agreement with BitGo, dated as of July 26, 2025 |
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23.1 |
||
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23.2 |
||
|
24.1* |
Power of Attorney (included on the signature page to the initial Registration Statement). |
|
|
107* |
____________
* Previously filed.
^ Certain schedules have been omitted from this exhibit pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K because they are not material. The registrant hereby agrees to provide a copy of any omitted schedule to the Commission upon request.
† Confidential treatment has been requested for portions of this exhibit. Certain information has been redacted from this exhibit pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iv) of Regulation S-K because it is both not material and would likely cause competitive harm to the registrant if publicly disclosed. The registrant hereby agrees to furnish an unredacted copy of the exhibit and its materiality and competitive harm analyses to the Commission upon request.
Item 17. Undertakings.
(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
(i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;
(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in this registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement;
(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in this registration statement;
Provided, however, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii) and (a)(1)(iii) of this section do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-3 or Form F-3 and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to section 13 or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.
(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered herein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
II-5
(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.
(4) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.
(b) The undersigned registrant hereby further undertakes that, for the purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant’s annual report pursuant to section 13(a) or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered herein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(c) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933, and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933, and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
II-6
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Minneapolis, Minnesota, on August 27, 2025.
|
SUI GROUP HOLDINGS LIMITED |
||||
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By: |
/s/ Douglas M. Polinsky |
|||
|
Douglas M. Polinsky |
||||
|
Chief Executive Officer |
||||
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
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Name |
Position |
Date |
||
|
/s/ Douglas M. Polinsky |
Chief Executive Officer and Director |
August 27, 2025 |
||
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Douglas M. Polinsky |
(Principal Executive Officer) |
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/s/ Joseph A. Geraci, II |
Chief Financial Officer and Director |
August 27, 2025 |
||
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Joseph A. Geraci, II |
(Principal Financial Officer and |
|||
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* |
Chairman |
August 27, 2025 |
||
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Marius Barnett |
||||
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* |
Director (Independent) |
August 27, 2025 |
||
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Howard Liszt |
||||
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* |
Director (Independent) |
August 27, 2025 |
||
|
Dana Wagner |
____________
* /s/ Douglas M. Polinsky, Douglas M. Polinsky, as attorney-in-fact
II-7
Exhibit 5.1
Paul D. Chestovich, Esq.
| (651) 235-7536 | pdchestovich@gmail.com | 1800 Goodrich Avenue, Saint Paul MN 55105 |
August 27, 2025
Via Electronic Mail
Board of Directors
Sui Group Holdings Limited
1907 Wayzata Boulevard, Suite 205
Wayzata, MN 55391
| Re: | Registration Statement on Form S-1 |
Gentlemen:
I have acted as counsel to Sui Group Holdings Limited, a Minnesota corporation (the “Company”), in connection with its registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-289438) (as amended, the “Registration Statement”), filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), and relating to the proposed resale of an aggregate of 94,026,755 shares of common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), of which:
| (i) | 75,881,625 shares of Common Stock are issued and outstanding (the “Outstanding Shares”); |
| (ii) | 7,144,205 shares of Common Stock are issuable upon the exercise of Pre-Funded Warrants; |
| (iii) | 3,113,469 shares of Common Stock are issuable upon the exercise of Lead Investor Warrants; |
| (iv) | 3,113,469 shares of Common Stock are issuable upon the exercise of Foundation Investor Warrants; |
| (v) | 1,245,388 shares of Common Stock are issuable upon the exercise of Management Warrants; |
| (vi) | 207,565 shares of Common Stock are issuable upon the exercise of Advisor Warrants; |
| (vii) | 3,113,469 shares of Common Stock are issuable upon the exercise of Placement Agent Warrants (as defined in the Registration Statement); and |
Opinion Letter
Page 2 of 3
August 27, 2025
| (viii) | 207,565 shares of Common Stock are issuable upon the exercise of Director Warrants. |
Capitalized terms defined in the Registration Statement and used, but not otherwise defined herein, have the meanings set forth in the Registration Statement. In this option, the Pre-Funded Warrants, Lead Investor Warrants, Foundation Investor Warrants, Management Warrants, Advisor Warrants, Placement Agent Warrants and Director Warrants are collectively referred to as the “Warrants,” and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants are collectively referred to as the “Warrant Shares.”
This opinion letter is furnished to you at your request to enable you to fulfill the requirements of Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K in connection with the Registration Statement.
For purposes of this opinion letter, I have examined copies of such agreements, instruments and documents as I have deemed appropriate as a basis upon which to render the opinions hereinafter expressed. In my examination of such documents, I have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the legal capacity of all natural persons, the accuracy and completeness of all documents submitted to me, the authenticity of all original documents, and the conformity to authentic original documents of all documents submitted to me as copies (including telecopies). As to all matters of fact, I have relied on the representations and statements of fact made in the documents so reviewed, and I have not independently established the facts so relied on. This opinion letter is given, and all statements herein are made, in the context of the foregoing.
This opinion letter is based as to matters of law solely on the Minnesota Business Corporation Act, as amended. The undersigned expressed no opinion herein as to any other laws, statutes, ordinances, rules, or regulations. No opinion is expressed herein with respect to the qualification of the Shares under the securities or blue sky laws of any state or any foreign jurisdiction.
Based upon, subject to and limited by the foregoing, the undersigned is of the opinion that (i) the Outstanding Shares are validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of capital stock of the Company, (ii) the Warrant Shares, when issued upon full payment therefor in accordance with the terms of the Warrants, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of capital stock of the Company.
This opinion letter has been prepared for use in connection with the Registration Statement. This opinion has been prepared solely in connection with the filing of the Registration Statement and may not be used or relied upon by any other person or for any other purpose without the prior written consent of the undersigned.
The undersigned does not undertake to advise you or anyone else of any changes in the opinions expressed herein resulting from changes in law, changes in fact or any other matters that hereafter might occur.
Opinion Letter
Page 3 of 3
August 27, 2025
The undersigned hereby consents to the filing of this opinion letter as Exhibit 5.1 to the Registration Statement and the reference to the undersigned under the caption “Legal Matters” in the prospectus constituting a part of the Registration Statement. The giving of such consent is not an admission that the undersigned is in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act or the rules and regulations thereunder.
Very truly yours,
| /s/ Paul Chestovich |
EXHIBIT 10.6
CERTAIN CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT, MARKED BY [***], HAS BEEN OMITTED BECAUSE IT IS BOTH (I) NOT MATERIAL AND (II) IS THE TYPE THAT THE REGISTRANT TREATS AS PRIVATE OR CONFIDENTIAL.
Execution Version
DIGITAL ASSET PURCHASE AND SALE AGREEMENT
THIS DIGITAL ASSET PURCHASE AND SALE AGREEMENT, dated July 27, 2025 (the “Effective Date”), is made by and between Sui Foundation, a foundation company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands (the “Company”), and the undersigned (the “Counterparty”). Company and Counterparty shall be referred to herein individually as a “Party” and collectively as the “Parties.”
THIS AGREEMENT (AS DEFINED BELOW) DOES NOT CONSTITUTE A SALE OF VIRTUAL ASSETS TO THE PUBLIC. YOU HAVE BEEN PRIVATELY OFFERED THE TOKENS ON THE TERMS SET OUT BELOW. IF YOU DO NOT UNDERSTAND THIS TO BE THE CASE, PLEASE DISCUSS WITH THE COMPANY IMMEDIATELY.
RECITALS
WHEREAS, it is the mission of the Company to promote the use, adoption and growth of the Sui blockchain protocol (the “Sui Protocol”), a decentralized blockchain network for financial assets, with native units on such protocol denominated as “SUI Tokens”.
WHEREAS, on or about the Effective Date, the Parties have entered into that certain Securities Purchase Agreement (the “SPA”) by and among the Company, Counterparty and other Purchasers (as defined in the SPA) pursuant to which Counterparty shall sell securities to the Company and the other Purchasers (the “Offering”).
WHEREAS, as a condition to entering into the SPA, the Company and Counterparty wish to enter into one or more spot digital asset transactions (the “Transactions”) whereby the Company shall sell and transfer to Counterparty the number of SUI Tokens set forth in one or more Confirmations (as defined below) entered into by and between the Parties (such SUI Tokens, the “Purchased Digital Assets”).
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the above recitals and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the Parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, do hereby agree as follows:
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
Section 1. Conditions of Digital Asset Purchase
1.1 General. This Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement, together with any Confirmation(s), shall constitute a single agreement among the Parties with respect to the subject matter hereof. The transactions are entered into in reliance on the fact that this Agreement and the Confirmations form a single agreement between the Parties (collectively referred to as this “Agreement”). Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, in the event of any inconsistency between the provisions contained in this Agreement and the provisions contained in a Confirmation, the terms of the applicable Confirmation will prevail. All purchases and sales of the Purchased Digital Assets pursuant to this Agreement shall take place remotely via the exchange of documents and signatures on the applicable Initial Closing Date, Subsequent Closing Date and Preemptive Purchase Closing Date (each, an “OTC Closing Date”), as defined and set forth on the applicable Confirmation, pursuant to the terms and subject to the conditions thereof. Where any payment is otherwise due on a date that is not a business day (being a Saturday, Sunday or day on which banks are not open in New York or the Cayman Islands), such payment shall be due on the first day thereafter which is not a business day.
1.2 Initial Sale and Purchase. Counterparty agrees to purchase, and upon receipt of Counterparty’s payment of the aggregate Initial Purchase Amount (as defined below), the Company agrees to sell, that number of SUI Tokens equal to (a) [***] (the “Initial Purchase Amount”), divided by (b) the Initial Exchange Rate (as defined in the Initial Confirmation to Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement Attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Initial Confirmation”)) (such number of SUI Tokens purchased pursuant to this Section 1.2, the “Initial Purchased Digital Assets”). The Company shall utilize [***] to purchase SUI Tokens on the open market (the “Initial Open Market Purchase”).
1.3 Future Sales and Purchases.
(a) Subsequent Purchases. From and after the Closing Date (as defined in the SPA) until such time as the aggregate amount of all completed Subsequent Purchases equals the Initial Purchase Amount (the “Subsequent Period”), Counterparty shall allocate [***] to offer to purchase additional SUI Tokens from the Company (each, a “Subsequent Purchase”) in accordance with the terms hereof. During the Subsequent Period, Counterparty agrees to promptly (and in no event later than forty eight (48) hours thereafter) notify the Company in writing each time it acquires SUI Tokens in the open market or through a third party (the “Offer Notice”). The Offer Notice shall include, among other information reasonably requested by the Company, the financial and other terms and conditions of the completed purchase (each, a “Completed Purchase”), including, for the avoidance of doubt, the price of SUI Tokens acquired in the Completed Purchase, the total number of SUI Tokens purchased in the Completed Purchase, and whether the Completed Purchase was a market purchase, limit order, or negotiated third-party transaction. Within forty eight (48) hours of the Company’s receipt of the Offer Notice, the Company may elect to sell to Counterparty [***] of SUI Tokens acquired by Counterparty in the applicable Completed Purchase, pursuant to the terms (including with respect to a two (2) year lockup and a fifteen percent (15%) discount to prevailing market prices) and subject to the conditions of a Subsequent Confirmation to Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (a “Subsequent Confirmation” and together with the Initial Confirmation, the “Confirmations, and individually, a “Confirmation”). For the avoidance of doubt, in no event shall the Company’s right to sell SUI Tokens to Counterparty pursuant to this Section 1.3(a) apply to [***] allocated to the Initial Open Market Purchase pursuant to Section 1.2.
(b) Right to Sell. From and after the completion of the Subsequent Period, and until the date that is two (2) years thereafter (the “Right to Sell Period”), Counterparty agrees to promptly (and in no event later than forty eight (48) hours thereafter) deliver an Offer Notice to the Company with respect to all Completed Purchases. Within forty eight (48) hours of the Company’s receipt of the Offer Notice, the Company may elect to sell to Counterparty [***] of SUI Tokens acquired by Counterparty in each Completed Purchase consummated during the Right to Sell Period, pursuant to the terms (including with respect to a two (2) year lockup and a fifteen percent (15%) discount to prevailing market prices) and subject to the conditions of a Subsequent Confirmation.
(c) Sufficiency of Cash. Counterparty shall at all times, including after giving effect to any intended third party or open market purchases of SUI Tokens, maintain sufficient cash in an amount sufficient to permit the Company to consummate the Company’s right to sell SUI Tokens to Counterparty, and Counterparty to discharge its obligations to the Company contained in this Section 1.3.
1.4 Counterparty’s Preemptive Right. From and after the Closing Date (as defined in the SPA) until the date that is two (2) years thereafter, the Company shall, at least ten (10) days prior to consummating any over-the-counter sale of SUI Tokens that are subject to a lockup schedule, with gross proceeds to the Company exceeding $50,000,000, deliver written notice to Counterparty describing the material terms and conditions of the proposed sale (the “Proposed Sale” and such notice, the “Sale Notice”), including, for the avoidance of doubt, the price of SUI Tokens of the Proposed Sale, the lockup schedule, and the total number of units subject to the Proposed Sale. Within forty eight (48) hours of the receipt of the Sale Notice, Counterparty may elect to purchase from the Company [***] of SUI Tokens subject to the Proposed Sale on the terms set forth in the Sale Notice, by entering into a Subsequent Confirmation.
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1.5 Governance. The use of the SUI Tokens and the Sui Protocol and its associated network (the “Network”) are governed by on-chain code and governance protocols, which may be amended from time to time as a result of a governance decision of the Network. To the extent of any conflict with this Agreement, the governance decisions shall control with respect to any issues relating to the use of the Sui Tokens in connection with the Network.
1.6 Closing Mechanics; Delivery. At each OTC Closing Date, Counterparty shall transfer the Total Purchase Price (as set forth in the applicable Confirmation), in the Settlement Asset (as set forth in the Confirmation), in freely transferable and immediately available funds to a bank account designated in writing by the Company (each, an “OTC Closing”). Promptly following receipt of the Total Purchase Price, the Company shall deliver the Purchased Digital Assets to Counterparty by transferring such Purchased Digital Assets to Counterparty Wallet Address (as set forth in the applicable Confirmation) within three (3) business days of the applicable OTC Closing Date; provided that, the Purchased Digital Assets shall be subject to the Transfer Restrictions (as defined below). The Parties will work in good faith to consummate OTC Closings promptly following receipt of any applicable notices and Confirmations.
1.7 Conditions to Delivery. In connection with, as a condition to, and prior to each delivery of the applicable Purchased Digital Assets by the Company to Counterparty pursuant to Sections 1.2, 1.3 or 1.4, and in each case unless waived in writing by the Company:
(a) Counterparty will complete and deliver any and all forms, documents, processes and procedures, including, for the avoidance of doubt, any electronic verification system or process, which the Company determines, in its reasonable discretion, are reasonably necessary for the Company to comply with applicable anti-money laundering laws and “know your customer” requirements, as may be requested by the Company from time to time; and
(b) Counterparty shall do and perform, or cause to be done and performed, all such further acts and things, and shall execute and deliver all such other agreements, certificates, instruments and documents, as the Company may reasonably request in order to carry out the intent and accomplish the restrictions in this Agreement and/or as shall be requested to comply with then-applicable laws and regulations.
If Counterparty fails to meet any of the conditions above, the Company may hold the Purchased Digital Assets deliverable hereunder in escrow until such conditions are met, and such escrow will constitute delivery in accordance with this Agreement notwithstanding that such Purchased Digital Assets remain in escrow.
Section 2. Lockup.
2.1 Lockup. Counterparty acknowledges and agrees that it shall not (i) offer, sell, transfer, spend, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly (collectively, “Transfer”), the Purchased Digital Assets, or (ii) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Purchased Digital Assets, other than in accordance with the “Lockup Provisions” as set forth in the applicable Confirmation (collectively, the “Transfer Restrictions”); provided, however, the foregoing Transfer Restrictions shall not apply to the extent necessary to enable the Counterparty to comply, or to be in compliance with, the provisions of the U.S. Investment Companies Act of 1940 (as amended, the “Investment Companies Act”). In such circumstances, Counterparty shall (a) as soon as practicable after becoming aware that the foregoing proviso is reasonably likely to be or become applicable, inform the Company in writing, together with all relevant information in Counterparty’s (or its counsel’s) possession which it is legally permitted to provide, and (b) provide the Company (to the extent legally permissible and to the extent it does not, in the Counterparty’s reasonable opinion, inhibit the Company’s compliance with the Investment Companies Act) with the exclusive right to negotiate Counterparty’s participation in any such Transfer in reliance on the foregoing proviso.
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Section 3. Representations
3.1 General. Each Party makes the representations contained in this Section 3.1 to the other Party (which representations will be deemed to be repeated by each party on the Date on which a Transaction is entered into and at each Closing). If any “Additional Representations” are specified in the Confirmation as applying, the Party or Parties specified for such Additional Representation(s) will make and, if applicable, be deemed to repeat such Additional Representation(s) at the time or times specified for each such Additional Representation.
(a) Status. Each Party, if an entity, represents unto itself that it is duly incorporated or organized and validly existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization or incorporation and, if relevant under such laws, in good standing;
(b) Powers. Each Party represents unto itself that it has the power to execute this Agreement and any other documentation relating to this Agreement to which it is a party, to deliver this Agreement and any other documentation relating to this Agreement that it is required by this Agreement to deliver and to perform its obligations under this Agreement and any obligations to which it is a party and has taken all necessary action to authorize such execution, delivery and performance;
(c) No Violation or Conflict. Each Party represents unto itself that to the best of its knowledge, it is not in violation of (i) if an entity, its current certificate of incorporation or similar governing document(s), or (ii) any material indenture, order, judgment, or contract to which the Party is a party or by which it is bound;
(d) Obligations Binding. Each Party represents unto itself that its obligations under this Agreement constitute its legal, valid and binding obligations, enforceable in accordance with their respective terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, moratorium or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and subject, as to enforceability, to equitable principles of general application (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding in equity or at law));
(e) No Agency. It is entering into this Agreement, including each Transaction, as principal and not as agent of any person or entity;
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3.2 Counterparty Representations and Warranties. Counterparty represents and warrants as of the date hereof and as of the Closing to the Company as follows:
(a) Counterparty acknowledges that the Purchased Digital Assets are cryptographic tokens that represent native units of value on the Sui Protocol. The intended purpose of the SUI Tokens is to act as a native unit of accounting, medium of exchange and transaction unit for various functionalities on the Sui Protocol, such as for the payment of transaction fees, smart contract execution fees, governance and staking incentives to encourage its decentralized community of members to participate in the consensus mechanism and improve the safety and security of the Sui Protocol. Ownership of SUI Tokens carry no rights, express or implied, other than the right to use such cryptographic tokens as a means to enable usage of and interaction with the Sui Protocol, and does not confer any ownership right or stake, share, equity or equivalent rights, or any right to receive future dividends, revenue, shares, or any other form of rights related to the Company.
(b) Counterparty understands that the Purchased Digital Assets are not being structured or sold as securities or swaps on either securities or commodities or a financial instrument of any kind or any other form of investment product and have not been, and will not be, registered under the Securities Act of 1933 of the United States, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and further understands that the Purchased Digital Assets have not been approved or disapproved by the SEC, or any other U.S. federal or state agency, nor has any such agency passed on the accuracy or adequacy of this Agreement or any materials provided by the Company to Counterparty regarding the Company or its business, and that this Agreement and all other materials referred to in this Agreement does not constitute a prospectus or offering document, and are not an offer to sell, nor the solicitation of an offer to buy an investment, a security or a swap on either a security or commodity;
(c) Counterparty is aware of and agrees that: (i) there are risks associated with purchasing, holding, and using the Purchased Digital Assets in connection with the Sui Protocol; (ii) there are restrictions on the transferability of the Purchased Digital Assets and Counterparty must bear the economic risk of its purchase of the Purchased Digital Assets for a certain period of time; and (iii) Counterparty understands that risks and uncertainties associated with its purchase of the Purchased Digital Assets, and that all of these risks could have a material adverse impact on the value of the Purchased Digital Assets, and these risks should be considered in evaluating any purchase of the Purchased Digital Assets;
(d) Counterparty understands that the Company has made no assurances that the Purchased Digital Assets will be (or will continue to be) traded on any cryptocurrency exchanges or that if the Purchased Digital Assets trades on any cryptocurrency exchanges or other trading venues, that there will be sufficient liquidity to maintain a market with respect to the Purchased Digital Assets, and that notwithstanding the fact the Purchased Digital Assets may be tradable, they are not an investment, currency, commodity, a swap on a currency, security or any other kind of financial instrument;
(e) Counterparty acknowledges that this Agreement is being entered into by the Company with Counterparty in reliance upon Counterparty’s representation to the Company, which by Counterparty’s execution of this Agreement, Counterparty hereby confirms, that the Purchased Digital Assets are being purchased for Counterparty’s own account, not as a nominee or agent, with Counterparty’s own funds and not with a view to the distribution or resale of any part thereof to others and Counterparty has no present intention of selling, granting any participation in, or otherwise distributing the same;
(f) Counterparty does not presently have any contract, undertaking, agreement or arrangement with any person to sell, transfer or grant participations to such person or to any third person, with respect to any of the Purchased Digital Assets, and Counterparty has not been formed for the specific purpose of acquiring the Purchased Digital Assets;
(g) Counterparty hereby acknowledges and agrees that: (i) it has had access to all information that it reasonably considers important in making the decision to purchase the Purchased Digital Assets, and Counterparty has had ample opportunity to ask questions concerning such matters and this Transaction; (ii) Counterparty is not relying on any representations or warranties, whether written or oral, made by the Company other than those representations and warranties expressly set forth in this Agreement; (iii) it is not relying upon any person, other than the Company, in making his, her or its decision to purchase the Purchased Digital Assets; and (iv) Counterparty has a preexisting personal or business relationship with the Company of a nature and duration sufficient to make Counterparty aware of the character, nature and general business and financial circumstances of the Company. Counterparty is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of this Transaction, has the ability to protect his, her or its own interests in this transaction, and is financially capable of bearing a total loss of the value of this transaction.
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(h) At no time was Counterparty presented with or solicited by any publicly issued or circulated newspaper, mail, radio, television or other form of general advertising or solicitation in connection with the offer, sale, purchase and assignment of the Purchased Digital Assets.
(i) Counterparty is an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501 under the Securities Act.
(j) Counterparty acknowledges that neither the Company nor any of its affiliates is acting as a fiduciary or financial or investment adviser to Counterparty, and has not given Counterparty any investment advice, opinion or other information on whether the Transaction is prudent. Counterparty acknowledges that: (i) the Company has advised Counterparty that the Company and its contributors, advisors, counsel and other representatives may possess non-public information regarding the Company’s business and prospects and operation of the Sui Protocol not known to Counterparty which Counterparty may deem material to its decision to purchase the Purchased Digital Assets if Counterparty were provided with the information (the “Excluded Information”) and (ii) the Company shall have no liability to Counterparty and Counterparty waives and releases any claims that it might have against the Company whether under applicable securities laws or otherwise, with respect to the nondisclosure of the Excluded Information in connection with the Transactions and the other transactions contemplated hereby. The Company does not intend to disclose any of the Excluded Information unless the Company has a duty to do so under applicable law.
(k) Counterparty understands and acknowledges that the Purchased Digital Assets may constitute securities in various jurisdictions, although the Company does not concede this point in any jurisdiction. Accordingly, Counterparty understands and agrees as follows:
Counterparty may not transfer any Purchased Digital Assets unless: (1) such Purchased Digital Assets are registered under the Securities Act and qualified under other applicable U.S. state securities laws, (2) exemptions from such registration and qualification requirements are available, or (3) such Purchased Digital Assets do not constitute securities under applicable law or SEC rules.
The Company is not, and will not be, registered as a virtual asset service provider under the Virtual Assets Services Providers Act (as amended) of the Cayman Islands and the Purchased Digital Assets have not been, and will not be, registered with Cayman Islands Monetary Authority.
This Agreement does not constitute a sale of virtual assets to the public and Counterparty has been privately offered the Purchased Digital Assets on the terms set out in this Agreement.
(l) Counterparty has been advised that, to the extent applicable, SEC Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act, which permits certain limited sales of unregistered securities, is not presently available with respect to the Purchased Digital Assets and, in any event, to the extent applicable, requires that the Purchased Digital Assets generally be held for a minimum of one year after they have been purchased and paid for (within the meaning of Rule 144), before they may be resold under Rule 144. Counterparty understands that Rule 144 may indefinitely restrict transfer of the Purchased Digital Assets so long as it remains an “affiliate” of the Company and certain information about the Company (as defined in Rule 144) is not publicly available.
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(m) Counterparty hereby represents that it has satisfied itself as to the full observance of the laws of its jurisdiction in connection with any invitation to purchase the Purchased Digital Assets or any use of this Agreement, including (i) the legal requirements within its jurisdiction for the acquisition of the Purchased Digital Assets, (ii) any governmental or other consents that may need to be obtained, and (iii) the income tax and other tax consequences, if any, that may be relevant to the purchase, receipt, holding, redemption, sale, or transfer of the Purchased Digital Assets. Counterparty’s receipt and continued beneficial ownership of the Purchased Digital Assets will not violate any applicable securities or other laws of Counterparty’s jurisdiction (the restrictions and requirements described in the foregoing clauses, collectively, “Applicable Laws”). THE COUNTERPARTY WILL INDEMNIFY, DEFEND AND HOLD HARMLESS THE COMPANY, ITS AFFILIATES AND ITS AND THEIR AGENTS AND ADVISORS, AND THE SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS OF THE FOREGOING, FROM AND AGAINST, ALL OR ANY PART OF ANY THIRD PARTY CAUSES OF ACTION, CLAIMS, LIABILITIES, LOSSES, COSTS, DAMAGES AND EXPENSES (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ATTORNEYS’ FEES AND EXPENSES) (COLLECTIVELY “CLAIMS”) FOR VIOLATIONS OF APPLICABLE LAWS ARISING OUT OF OR RESULTING FROM THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREIN, EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT SUCH CLAIMS ARISE FROM THE FRAUD OR WILLFUL MISCONDUCT OF THE COMPANY OR ITS AFFILIATES.
(n) Neither Counterparty, nor, if applicable, any of its affiliates or direct or indirect beneficial owners; (i) appears on the Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List of the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the United States Department of the Treasury (“OFAC”) or any other applicable sanctions list maintained by the United Nations, the Cayman Islands or the United Kingdom (as extended to the Cayman Islands by Statutory Instrument), nor are they otherwise a party with which the Company is prohibited to deal under the laws of the United States, the United Nations, the Cayman Islands, or the United Kingdom (as extended to the Cayman Islands by Statutory Instrument); (ii) is a person identified as a terrorist organization on any other relevant lists maintained by any governmental authority, including the United Nations, the Cayman Islands or the United Kingdom (as extended to the Cayman Islands by Statutory Instrument); or (iii) unless otherwise disclosed in writing to the Company prior to the date of this Agreement, is a senior foreign political figure, or any immediate family member or close associate of a senior foreign political figure or a politically exposed person or a family member or close associate of a politically exposed person (as such terms are defined in the Cayman Islands Anti-Money Laundering Regulations). Counterparty further represents and warrants that, if applicable, Counterparty: (1) has conducted thorough due diligence with respect to all of its beneficial owners; (2) has established the identities of all direct and indirect beneficial owners and the source of each beneficial owners’ funds; and (3) will retain evidence of those identities, any source of funds and any due diligence.
(o) Counterparty further represents, warrants and agrees as follows:
(i) No payment or other transfer of value to the Company and no payment or other transfer of value to the Company shall cause the Company to be in violation of applicable U.S. federal or state or non-U.S. laws or regulations, including, without limitation, anti-money laundering, economic sanctions, anti-bribery or anti-boycott laws or regulations, the Patriot Act, or the various statutes, regulations and executive orders administered by OFAC (“OFAC Regulations”) or any applicable laws, rules and regulations which apply in the Cayman Islands including, without limitation, the Proceeds of Crime Act and Anti-Money Laundering Regulations, each as amended.
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(ii) No payment or other transfer of value to the Company is or will be derived from, pledged or charged for the benefit of, or related in any way to, (A) the government of any country designated by the United States, United Nations, Cayman Islands, United Kingdom (as extended to the Cayman Islands by Statutory Instrument) or other governmental authority as a country supporting international terrorism, (B) property that is blocked under any OFAC Regulations or that would be blocked under OFAC Regulations if it were in the custody of a U.S. national, (C) persons or entities named on any sanctions list maintained under applicable law, including any list maintained by the Cayman Islands or United Kingdom (including as extended to the Cayman Islands by Orders in Council); (D) persons to whom U.S. nationals cannot lawfully export services, or with whom U.S. nationals cannot lawfully engage in transactions under OFAC Regulations, (E) the government of any country that has been designated as a non-cooperative country or designated by the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury, United Nations, Cayman Islands, United Kingdom (as extended to the Cayman Islands by statutory instrument) or other Governmental Authority as a money laundering jurisdiction or (F) directly or indirectly, any illegal activities. Counterparty acknowledges that applicable anti-money laundering laws may require the Company to collect documentation verifying the identity and the source of funds used to acquire the Purchased Digital Assets before, and from time to time after, the date of this Agreement.
(iii) All payments or other transfer of value to the Company by Counterparty will be made through an account (or virtual currency public address whose associated balance, either directly or indirectly, has been funded by such an account) located in a jurisdiction that does not appear on the list of boycotted countries published by the U.S. Department of Treasury pursuant to § 999(a)(3) of the Code (or any other applicable list maintained by the United Nations, Cayman Islands or United Kingdom (as extended to the Cayman Islands by Statutory Instrument)) as in effect at the time of the payment or other transfer of value. In the event that Counterparty is, receives deposits from, makes payments to or conducts transactions relating to a non-U.S. banking institution (a “Non-U.S. Bank”) in connection with the acquisition of the Purchased Digital Assets, the Non-U.S. Bank: (A) has a fixed address, other than an electronic address or a post office box, in a country in which it is authorized to conduct banking activities, (B) employs one or more individuals on a full-time basis, (C) maintains operating records related to its banking activities, (D) is subject to inspection by the banking authority that licensed it to conduct banking activities and (E) does not provide banking services to any other Non-U.S. Bank that does not have a physical presence in any country and that is not a registered affiliate.
(iv) Counterparty will comply at all times with anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism laws, rules and regulations or any similar laws, rules and regulations of any applicable jurisdiction.
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(p) Counterparty will provide to the Company any information that the Company from time to time determines to be necessary or appropriate (i) to comply with applicable anti-money laundering laws, anti-terrorism laws, rules and regulations and or any similar laws and regulations of any applicable jurisdiction and (ii) to respond to requests for information concerning the identity and or source of funds of Counterparty from any governmental authority, self-regulatory organization or financial institution in connection with its anti-money laundering compliance procedures, or to update that information. Counterparty understands and acknowledges that the Company may be required to report any action or failure to comply with information requests and to disclose the identity to governmental authorities, self-regulatory organizations and financial institutions, in certain circumstances without notifying Counterparty that the information has been so provided. Counterparty further understands and agrees that any failure on its part to comply with this Section 3.2(p) would allow the Company to terminate this Agreement and require the forfeiture of any Purchased Digital Assets.
(q) COUNTERPARTY ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT IT MAY SUFFER ADVERSE TAX CONSEQUENCES AS A RESULT OF PURCHASING, HOLDING, EXCHANGING, SELLING, STAKING, TRANSFERRING OR OTHERWISE USING THE PURCHASED DIGITAL ASSETS IN ANY WAY. COUNTERPARTY HEREBY REPRESENTS THAT (i) IT HAS CONSULTED WITH A TAX ADVISER THAT IT DEEMS ADVISABLE IN CONNECTION WITH ANY USE OF THE TOKENS, OR THAT IT HAS HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO OBTAIN TAX ADVICE BUT HAVE CHOSEN NOT TO DO SO, (ii) NEITHER THE COMPANY NOR ITS AFFILIATES HAS PROVIDED COUNTERPARTY WITH ANY TAX ADVICE, AND (iii) COUNTERPARTY AGREES TO BE FULLY RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY TAXES RESULTING FROM ANY PURCHASE, HOLDING, EXCHANGE, SALE, STAKING, TRANSFER OR OTHER USE OF THE PURCHASED DIGITAL ASSETS.
Section 4. Disclaimers and Covenants Related to the Purchased Digital Assets.
4.1 General Waiver. COUNTERPARTY ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT THE PURCHASED DIGITAL ASSETS SHALL BE PURCHASED ON “AS IS” BASIS. THE COMPANY MAKES NO WARRANTY WHATSOEVER WITH RESPECT TO THE PURCHASED DIGITAL ASSETS OR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANY VIRTUAL MARKETPLACE FOR THE USE OF THE PURCHASED DIGITAL ASSETS, INCLUDING ANY (a) WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY; (b) WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE; (c) WARRANTY OF TITLE; OR (d) WARRANTY AGAINST INFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS OF A THIRD PARTY; WHETHER ARISING BY LAW, COURSE OF DEALING, COURSE OF PERFORMANCE, USAGE OF TRADE OR OTHERWISE. EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH HEREIN, THE COUNTERPARTY ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT HAS NOT RELIED UPON ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY MADE BY THE COMPANY, OR ANY OTHER PERSON ON THE COMPANY’S BEHALF. Some jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion of certain warranties or disclaimer of implied terms in contracts with consumers, so some or all of the exclusions of warranties and disclaimers in this Section 4.1 may not apply to Counterparty.
4.2 Private Key Security Waiver. Counterparty acknowledges and agrees that the Company shall not be responsible or liable for any damages, losses, costs, penalties, fines or expenses arising out of or relating to (a) Counterparty’s failure to implement reasonable measures to secure the wallet, vault or other storage mechanism Counterparty uses to receive Purchased Digital Assets or the relevant access credentials; (b) typos, errors or other inaccuracies in Counterparty’s digital wallet, or (c) the loss of or unauthorized use of any of Counterparty’s access credentials
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4.3 No Consequential Damage. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW (a) IN NO EVENT WILL THE COMPANY, ITS CONTRACTORS, OR AGENTS BE LIABLE FOR LOSS OF PROFITS OR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES OF ANY KIND (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, WHERE RELATED TO LOSS OF REVENUE, INCOME OR PROFITS, LOSS OF USE OR DATA, OR DAMAGES FOR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) ARISING OUT OF OR IN ANY WAY RELATED TO THE DELIVERY, TRANSFER OR USE OF THE PURCHASED DIGITAL ASSETS OR OTHERWISE RELATED TO THESE TERMS, REGARDLESS OF THE FORM OF ACTION, WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, NEGLIGENCE, WHETHER ACTIVE, PASSIVE OR IMPUTED), OR ANY OTHER LEGAL OR EQUITABLE THEORY (EVEN IF THE PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES AND REGARDLESS OF WHETHER SUCH DAMAGES WERE FORESEEABLE), AND (ii) IN NO EVENT WILL THE AGGREGATE LIABILITY OF EITHER PARTY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, WARRANTY, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE, WHETHER ACTIVE, PASSIVE OR IMPUTED), OR OTHER THEORY, ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THESE TERMS OR THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE A PURCHASED DIGITAL ASSET, EXCEED THE TOTAL PURCHASE PRICE (AS DENOMINATED IN U.S. DOLLARS AT THE TIME OF PURCHASE). Some jurisdictions do not allow the limitation or exclusion of liability for incidental or consequential damages. Accordingly, some of the limitations of this Section 4.3 may not apply to Counterparty.
Section 5. General Provisions
5.1 Assignment. Neither this Agreement nor the rights contained herein may be assigned, delegated or sublicensed, by operation of law or otherwise, by Counterparty without the prior written consent of the Company, provided however, that Counterparty may transfer this Agreement and the rights contained herein to a controlled affiliate of Counterparty, provided such transfer is in accordance with all laws applicable to the Company, this Agreement, and the Purchased Digital Assets (to the extent applicable).
5.2 Finder’s Fee. Each Party hereto represents that it is not, and will not be, obligated for any finder’s fee or commission payable in cash in connection with this Agreement or the Transactions contemplated hereby. Each Party hereto hereby agrees to indemnity and to hold harmless the other party hereto from any liability for any commission or compensation in the nature of a finder’s fee (and the costs and expenses of defending against such liability or asserted liability) for which any such Party or any of its employees or representatives is responsible.
5.3 Notices. Any notice required or permitted by this Agreement shall be deemed sufficient and effective when sent by email to the relevant email address listed on the signature page, as such email address may be subsequently modified by written notice received by the appropriate Party. Such notices under this Agreement are deemed to be received when the email is sent and transmitted, and at the time shown in the delivery confirmation report generated by the sender’s email system.
5.4 No Third-Party Beneficiaries. Any indemnified person not being a party to this Agreement may enforce any rights granted to it pursuant to this Agreement in its own right as if it were a party to this Agreement. Except as expressly provided in this Section 5.4, a person who is not a party to this Agreement shall not have any rights under the Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act (as amended) of the Cayman Islands to enforce any term of this Agreement. Notwithstanding any term of this Agreement, the consent of or notice to any person who is not a party to this Agreement shall not be required for any termination, rescission or agreement to any variation, waiver, assignment, novation, release or settlement under this Agreement at any time.
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5.5 Dispute Resolution. Should a controversy, dispute or claim arise out of or in relation to this Agreement (“Dispute”), the Company or Counterparty as appropriate, must give 30 days' notice of such Dispute to the other party (the “Notice of Dispute”). Should the Dispute not be resolved at the expiration of 30 days after service of the Notice of Dispute, the relevant party may commence arbitration proceedings in accordance with this Section 5.5. Should the Dispute remain at the expiration of 30 days after service of the Notice of Dispute, the Dispute shall be settled by arbitration administered by the Cayman International Mediation & Arbitration Centre (CI-MAC) in accordance with the CI-MAC Arbitration Rules (the “Arbitration Rules”) in force as at the date of this Agreement, which Arbitration Rules are deemed to be incorporated by reference to this Agreement, and governed by the Arbitration Act (as amended) of the Cayman Islands. The arbitration shall be seated in George Town, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands and governed by Cayman Islands law. The language of the arbitration shall be English. The arbitration shall be determined by a sole arbitrator to be appointed in accordance with the Arbitration Rules. Any award or decision made by the arbitrator shall be in writing and shall be final and binding on the parties without any right of appeal, and judgment upon any award thus obtained may be entered in or enforced by any court having jurisdiction thereof. If any litigation or arbitration is necessary to enforce the terms of this Agreement, the prevailing party will be entitled to have their attorney fees paid by the other party. Each party waives any right it may have to assert the doctrine of forum non conveniens, to assert that it is not subject to the jurisdiction of such arbitration or courts or to object to venue to the extent any proceeding is brought in accordance herewith.
5.6 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with, and governed by, the laws of the Cayman Islands, without giving effect to that body of laws pertaining to conflict of laws.
5.7 Savings Clause. Should any of the provisions of this Agreement be determined to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable by a court, arbitrator, or government agency of competent jurisdiction, it is agreed that such determination shall not affect the enforceability of the other provisions herein. Specifically, should a court, arbitrator, or agency conclude that a particular claim may not be released as a matter of law, it is the intention of the Parties that the general release, the waiver of unknown claims, and the covenant not to sue above shall otherwise remain effective to release any and all other claims.
5.8 Drafting. This Agreement is a negotiated document and shall be deemed to have been drafted jointly by the Parties, and no rule of construction or interpretation shall apply against any particular Party based on the contention that this Agreement was drafted by one of the Parties, the provisions of which are hereby waived. This Agreement shall be construed and interpreted in a neutral manner.
5.9 Modification. No modification, amendment or waiver of any provision of this Agreement shall be effective unless in writing signed by each of the Parties.
5.10 Counterparts; Electronic/PDF Signatures. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, including by portable document format (PDF), DocuSign or any similar method (and the parties to this Agreement shall be entitled to rely on any such electronic signature for the purposes of the Electronic Transactions Act (as amended) of the Cayman Islands), each of which shall constitute an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Execution of an electronic or PDF copy shall have the same force and effect as execution of an original.
5.11 Captions. The captions are for convenience only, and none is intended to be any part of the body or text of this Agreement nor is intended to be referred to in construing any of the provisions of this Agreement.
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned Parties have executed and delivered this Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement as of the date first stated above.
| COMPANY: | ||
| SUI FOUNDATION | ||
| By: | /s/ Glenn Kennedy | |
| Name: | Glenn Kennedy | |
| Title: | Authorized Signatory | |
| Address: c/o Leeward Management Limited, 9 | ||
| Forum Lane, Camana Bay, Suite 3119 | ||
| Grand Cayman KY1-9006, Cayman Islands | ||
| Email: gkennedy@leewardmanagement.ky | ||
| COUNTERPARTY: | ||
| MILL CITY VENTURES III, LTD. | ||
| By: | /s/ Douglas M.Polinsky | |
| Name: | Douglas M.Polinsky | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
|
Address: 1907 Wayzata Boulevard, Suite 205 1907 Wayzata Boulevard, Suite 205 |
||
| Email: dp@millcityventures3.com | ||
[Signature Page to Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement]
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EXHIBIT A
INITIAL CONFIRMATION TO DIGITAL ASSET PURCHASE AND SALE AGREEMENT
| Company | Sui Foundation |
| Counterparty | Mill City Ventures III, Ltd. |
| Initial Purchase Amount | $[_____] |
| Initial Purchased Digital Assets | That number of SUI Tokens equal to the Initial Purchase Amount divided by the Initial Exchange Rate, which shall equal [______] SUI Tokens (rounded down to the nearest 2 digits, if applicable). |
| Settlement Asset | USD |
| Initial Exchange Rate | The USD price per SUI Token shall be equal to the product of (i) 0.85 multiplied by (ii) the 24-hour time weighted average price on the Closing Date (as defined in the SPA), as reasonably calculated by the Company. |
| Lockup Provisions |
The Initial Purchased Digital Assets shall be released on the date that is thirty (30) days after the two-year anniversary of the Closing Date.
|
| Initial Closing Dates |
[***]
|
| Counterparty Wallet Address | [_______] |
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]
[Confirmation to Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned Parties have executed and delivered this Confirmation to Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement as of the date first stated above.
| COMPANY: | ||
| SUI FOUNDATION | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | Glenn Kennedy | |
| Title: | Authorized Signatory | |
| Address: 9 Forum Lane, Camana Bay, Suite 3119 | ||
| Grand Cayman KY1-9006, Cayman Islands | ||
| Email: gkennedy@leewardmanagement.ky | ||
| COUNTERPARTY: | ||
| [SUI HOLDINGS] | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | ||
| Title: | ||
| Address: | ||
| Email: | ||
[Signature Page to Confirmation to Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement]
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EXHIBIT B
SUBSEQUENT CONFIRMATION TO DIGITAL ASSET PURCHASE AND SALE AGREEMENT
| Company | Sui Foundation |
| Counterparty | Mill City Ventures III, Ltd. |
| Total Purchase Price | $[_____] |
| Purchased Digital Assets | [______] SUI Tokens |
| Settlement Asset | USD |
| SUI Token Exchange Rate | The USD price per SUI Token shall be equal to the product of (i) 0.85 multiplied by (ii) the 24-hour time weighted average price on the [Subsequent Closing Date] / [Preemptive Purchase Closing Date] (as set forth below), as reasonably calculated by the Company. |
| Lockup Provisions |
The Purchased Digital Assets shall be released from the Transfer Restrictions in accordance with the following schedule:
· [100% of the Purchased Digital Assets shall be released on the two-year anniversary of the applicable Subsequent Closing Date / Preemptive Purchase Closing Date specified herein.]
|
| [Subsequent Closing Date] / [Preemptive Purchase Closing Date] | [________] |
| Counterparty Wallet Address | [_______] |
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]
[Subsequent Confirmation to Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned Parties have executed and delivered this Confirmation to Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement as of the date first stated above.
| COMPANY: | ||
| SUI FOUNDATION | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | Glenn Kennedy | |
| Title: | Authorized Signatory | |
| Address: 9 Forum Lane, Camana Bay, Suite 3119 | ||
| Grand Cayman KY1-9006, Cayman Islands | ||
| Email: gkennedy@leewardmanagement.ky | ||
| COUNTERPARTY: | ||
| [SUI HOLDINGS] | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | ||
| Title: | ||
| Address: | ||
| Email: | ||
[Signature Page to Confirmation to Digital Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement]
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Exhibit 10.22
BITGO CUSTODIAL SERVICES AGREEMENT
This Custodial Services Agreement (this “Agreement”) is made as of the later date of the signatures below (the “Effective Date”) by and between:
Mill City Ventures III, Ltd. (“CLIENT”) a Minnesota Corporation and Custodian. This Agreement governs Client’s use of the Custodial Services and the Wallet Services (each as defined below, and collectively, the “Services”) provided or made available by Custodian.
Definitions:
| (a) | “Agreement” means this Custodial Agreement, as it may be amended from time to time, and includes all schedules and exhibits to this Custodial Agreement, as they may be amended from time to time. |
| (b) | “Applicable Law” means any applicable statute, rule, regulation, regulatory guideline, order, law, ordinance or code; the common law and laws of equity; any binding court order, judgment or decree; any applicable industry code, rule, guideline, policy or standard enforceable by law (including as a result of participation in a self-regulatory organization), and any official interpretations of any of the foregoing. |
| (c) | “Authorized Persons” means any person authorized by the Client to give Instructions to the Custodian or perform other operations through the Company Site on behalf of the Client (i.e. viewer, admin, enterprise owner, viewer with additional video rights, etc.). |
| (d) | “Bank” means either (a) a U.S. banking institution insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) or (b) an organization that is organized under the laws of a foreign country, or a territory of the United States that is recognized as a bank by the bank supervisory or monetary authority of the country of its organization or the country in which its principal banking operations are located. |
| (e) | “Custodian” means BitGo Trust Company, Inc., a South Dakota trust company duly organized and chartered under § 51A-6A-1(12A) of the South Dakota Banking Law and licensed to act as custodian of Client’s Digital Assets on Client’s behalf. |
| (f) | “Digital Assets” means digital assets, currencies, virtual currencies, tokens, coins, or securities held for Client under the terms of this Agreement. |
| (g) | “Fiat Currency” means certain supported fiat currencies, such as U.S. Dollars. |
| 1. | SERVICES. |
| 1.1. | Custodian. Client authorizes, approves, and directs Custodian to establish and maintain one or more custody accounts on its books (each a “Custodial Account”), pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, for the receipt, safekeeping, and maintenance of supported Digital Assets, as well as Fiat Currency (“Custodial Services”). |
| 1.2. | Wallet Software and Non-Custodial Wallet Service. |
| (a) | Custodian also provides Client with the option to create non-custodial wallets that support certain Digital Assets via an API and web interface (“Wallet Services”). Wallet Services are provided by BitGo, Inc, an affiliate of Custodian (“BitGo Inc.”). Wallet Services provide access to wallets where (v11/23) BitGo Inc. holds a minority of the keys, and Client is responsible for holding a majority of the keys (“Client Keys”). |
| (b) | The Wallet Services do not send or receive money or digital assets. The Wallet Services enable Client to interface with virtual currency networks to view and transmit information about a public cryptographic key commonly referred to as a blockchain address. As further set forth in Section 3.5, Client assumes all responsibility and liability for securing the Client Keys. Further, Client assumes all responsibility and liability for creation, storage, and maintenance of any backup keys associated with accounts created using the Wallet Services. |
| (c) | Client’s use of the Wallet Services is subject to the terms and conditions set forth at https://www.bitgo.com/terms (the “Wallet Terms”), as they may be amended from time to time. In the event of a conflict between the Wallet Terms and the terms of this Agreement, the terms of this Agreement shall control. |
| 1.3. | Fiat Services. |
| (a) | As part of Custodial Services, Client may use Custodian to safeguard Fiat Currency in a Custodial Account for Client’s benefit (“Fiat Services”). Custodian will custody Fiat Currency in one or more of the following “Customer Omnibus Accounts”, as determined by Custodian: (i) deposit accounts established by Custodian with a Bank (each an “Omnibus Deposit Account”); (ii) money market accounts established by Custodian at a Bank (each, a “Money Market Account”) and/or (iii) such other accounts as may be agreed between Client and Custodian in writing from time to time. |
| (b) | Each Customer Omnibus Account shall be titled in the name of Custodian or in the name of Custodian for the benefit of its customers, in either case under the control of Custodian. Each Customer Omnibus Account shall be maintained separately and apart from Custodian’s business, operating, and reserve accounts. Each Omnibus Account constitutes a banking relationship between Custodian and the relevant Bank and shall not constitute a custodial relationship between Custodian and Bank. |
| (c) | Client acknowledges and agrees that Custodian may hold some or any portion of Fiat Currency in accounts that may or may not receive interest or other earnings. Client hereby agrees that the amount of any such interest or earnings attributable to such Fiat Currency in Customer Omnibus Accounts shall be retained by Custodian as additional consideration for its services under this Agreement, and nothing in this Agreement entitles Client to any portion of such interest or earnings. In addition, Custodian may receive earnings or compensation for a Customer Omnibus Account in the form of services provided at a reduced rate or similar compensation. Client agrees that any such compensation shall be retained by Custodian, Client understands and agrees that Client is not entitled to any portion of such compensation, and no portion of any such compensation shall be paid to or for Client. Client further acknowledges that Client’s rights in the Customer Omnibus Accounts is limited to the specific amount of Fiat Currency Client custodies via the Fiat Services, as may be limited herein and by applicable law. |
| (d) | Wire deposits sent before 4 PM ET by domestic or international wire from Client’s account(s) at a depository institution that has been approved by Custodian will typically settle and be credited to Custodian’s Omnibus Account on the same day or next business day. Wire withdrawals initiated before 4 PM ET will typically be processed on the same day or next business day. Wire deposits may not be credited and wire withdrawals may not be processed outside of normal banking hours. Client agrees and understands that wire deposit settlement times and wire withdrawal transfer times are subject to factors outside of Custodian’s control, including, among other things, processes and operations related to the Customer Bank Account and the Custodian’s Bank. |
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| 1.4. | Third-Party Payments. The Custodial Services are not intended to facilitate third-party payments of any kind, which shall include the use of both Fiat Currency or Digital Assets. As such, Custodian has no control over, or liability for, the delivery, quality, safety, legality or any other aspect of any goods or services that Client may purchase or sell to or from a third party (including other users of Custodial Services) involving Digital Assets that Client intends to store, or have stored, in Client’s Custodial Account. |
| 1.5. | API Access. |
| (a) | Most Services are provided through https://www.bitgo.com/ or any associated websites or application programming interfaces (“APIs”) (collectively, the “Company Site”). Client may elect to utilize the APIs either directly or indirectly within an independently developed application (“Developer Application”). |
| (b) | All API-based Services are subject to usage limits and the terms and conditions set forth at https://www.bitgo.com/legal/services-agreement (the “API Terms”), as they may be amended from time to time. In the event of a conflict between the API Terms and the terms of this Agreement, the terms of this Agreement shall control. If Client exceeds a usage limit, Custodian may provide assistance to seek to reduce Client usage so that it conforms to that limit. If Client is unable or unwilling to abide by the usage limits, Client will order additional quantities of the applicable Services promptly upon request or pay Custodian’s invoices for excess usage. |
| 1.6. | Fees. The fees associated with the Services shall be calculated, invoiced and paid in accordance with Schedule A (“Fee Schedule”). Custodian reserves the right to revise its Fee Schedule at any time following the Initial Term, provided that Custodian will provide Client with at least thirty (30) days’ advance notice of any such revision. Within such 30-day period, Client may terminate this Agreement in accordance with Section 5.4 and discontinue the Services hereunder at no additional charge to Client. |
| 1.7. | Acknowledgement of Risks. |
| (a) | General Risks; No Investment, Tax, or Legal Advice; No Brokerage. CLIENT ACKNOWLEDGES THAT CUSTODIAN DOES NOT PROVIDE INVESTMENT, TAX, OR LEGAL ADVICE, NOR DOES CUSTODIAN BROKER TRANSACTIONS ON CLIENT’S BEHALF. CLIENT ACKNOWLEDGES THAT CUSTODIAN HAS NOT PROVIDED AND WILL NOT PROVIDE ANY ADVICE, GUIDANCE OR RECOMMENDATIONS TO CLIENT WITH REGARD TO THE SUITABILITY OR VALUE OF ANY DIGITAL ASSETS, AND THAT CUSTODIAN HAS NO LIABILITY REGARDING ANY SELECTION OF A DIGITAL ASSET THAT IS HELD BY CLIENT THROUGH CLIENT’S CUSTODIAL ACCOUNT AND THE CUSTODIAL SERVICES OR THE WALLET SERVICES. ALL DEPOSIT AND WITHDRAWAL TRANSACTIONS ARE EXECUTED BASED ON CLIENT’S INSTRUCTIONS, AND CLIENT IS SOLELY RESPONSIBLE FOR DETERMINING WHETHER ANY INVESTMENT, INVESTMENT STRATEGY, OR RELATED TRANSACTION INVOLVING DIGITAL ASSETS IS APPROPRIATE FOR CLIENT BASED ON CLIENT’S INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES, FINANCIAL CIRCUMSTANCES, AND RISK TOLERANCE. CLIENT SHOULD SEEK LEGAL AND PROFESSIONAL TAX ADVICE REGARDING ANY TRANSACTION. |
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| (b) | Material Risk in Investing in Digital Currencies. CLIENT ACKNOWLEDGES THAT: |
| (1) | VIRTUAL CURRENCY IS NOT LEGAL TENDER, IS NOT BACKED BY THE GOVERNMENT, AND ACCOUNTS AND VALUE BALANCES ARE NOT SUBJECT TO FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION OR SECURITIES INVESTOR PROTECTION CORPORATION PROTECTIONS; |
| (2) | LEGISLATIVE AND REGULATORY CHANGES OR ACTIONS AT THE STATE, FEDERAL, OR INTERNATIONAL LEVEL MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT THE USE, TRANSFER, EXCHANGE, AND VALUE OF VIRTUAL CURRENCY; |
| (3) | TRANSACTIONS IN VIRTUAL CURRENCY MAY BE IRREVERSIBLE, AND, ACCORDINGLY, LOSSES DUE TO FRAUDULENT OR ACCIDENTAL TRANSACTIONS MAY NOT BE RECOVERABLE; |
| (4) | SOME VIRTUAL CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE MADE WHEN RECORDED ON A PUBLIC LEDGER, WHICH IS NOT NECESSARILY THE DATE OR TIME THAT THE CUSTOMER INITIATES THE TRANSACTION; |
| (5) | THE VALUE OF VIRTUAL CURRENCY MAY BE DERIVED FROM THE CONTINUED WILLINGNESS OF MARKET PARTICIPANTS TO EXCHANGE FIAT CURRENCY FOR VIRTUAL CURRENCY, WHICH MAY RESULT IN THE POTENTIAL FOR PERMANENT AND TOTAL LOSS OF VALUE OF A PARTICULAR VIRTUAL CURRENCY SHOULD THE MARKET FOR THAT VIRTUAL CURRENCY DISAPPEAR; |
| (6) | THERE IS NO ASSURANCE THAT A PERSON WHO ACCEPTS A VIRTUAL CURRENCY AS PAYMENT TODAY WILL CONTINUE TO DO SO IN THE FUTURE; |
| (7) | THE VOLATILITY AND UNPREDICTABILITY OF THE PRICE OF VIRTUAL CURRENCY RELATIVE TO FIAT CURRENCY MAY RESULT IN SIGNIFICANT LOSS OVER A SHORT PERIOD OF TIME; |
| (8) | THE NATURE OF VIRTUAL CURRENCY MAY LEAD TO AN INCREASED RISK OF FRAUD OR CYBER ATTACK; |
| (9) | THE NATURE OF VIRTUAL CURRENCY MEANS THAT ANY TECHNOLOGICAL DIFFICULTIES EXPERIENCED BY THE LICENSEE MAY PREVENT THE ACCESS OR USE OF A CUSTOMER’S VIRTUAL CURRENCY; AND |
| (10) | ANY BOND OR TRUST ACCOUNT MAINTAINED BY THE LICENSEE FOR THE BENEFIT OF ITS CUSTOMERS MAY NOT BE SUFFICIENT TO COVER ALL LOSSES INCURRED BY CUSTOMERS. |
| (c) | CLIENT ACKNOWLEDGES THAT USING DIGITAL ASSETS AND ANY RELATED NETWORKS AND PROTOCOLS, INVOLVES SERIOUS RISKS. CLIENT AGREES THAT IT HAS READ AND ACCEPTS THE RISKS LISTED IN THIS SECTION 1.6, WHICH IS NON- EXHAUSTIVE AND WHICH MAY NOT CAPTURE ALL RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH CLIENT’S ACTIVITY. IT IS CLIENT’S DUTY TO LEARN ABOUT ALL THE RISKS INVOLVED WITH DIGITAL ASSETS AND ANY RELATED PROTOCOLS AND NETWORKS. CUSTODIAN MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES REGARDING THE VALUE OF DIGITAL ASSETS OR THE SECURITY OR PERFORMANCE OF ANY RELATED NETWORK OR PROTOCOL. |
| 2. | CUSTODIAL ACCOUNT. |
| 2.1. | Registration; Authorized Persons |
| (a) | To use the Custodial Services, Client must create a Custodial Account by providing Custodian with all information requested. Custodian may, in its sole discretion, refuse to allow Client to establish a Custodial Account, limit the number of Custodial Accounts, and/or decide to subsequently terminate a Custodial Account. |
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| (b) | Client will maintain an updated and current list of Authorized Persons at all times on the Company Site and will immediately notify Custodian of any changes to the list of Authorized Persons by updating the list on the Company Site, including for termination of employment, or otherwise. Client shall make available all necessary documentation and identification information, as reasonably requested by Custodian to confirm: (i) the identity of each Authorized Person; (ii) that each Authorized Person is eligible to be deemed an “Authorized Person” as defined in this Agreement; and (iii) the party(ies) requesting the changes in the list of Authorized Persons have valid authority to request changes on behalf of Client. |
| 2.2. | General. The Custodial Services allow Client to deposit supported Digital Assets from a public blockchain address to Client’s Account, and to withdraw supported Digital Assets from Client’s Custodial Account to a public blockchain address, in each case, pursuant to Instructions Client provides through the Company Site (each such transaction is a “Custody Transaction”). The Digital Assets stored in Client’s Custodial Account will not be commingled with other Digital Assets without express action taken by Client and will be held in custody pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. Custodian reserves the right to refuse to process or to cancel any pending Custody Transaction: as required by Applicable Law; to enforce transaction, threshold, and condition limits; or if Custodian reasonably believes that the Custody Transaction may violate or facilitate the violation of any Applicable Law, regulation or rule of a governmental authority or self-regulatory organization. Custodian cannot reverse a Custody Transaction which has been broadcast to a Digital Asset network. |
| 2.3. | Instructions. |
| (a) | Custodian acts upon instructions (“Instructions”) given by Authorized Persons that are received and verified by Custodian in accordance with its procedures and this Agreement. |
| (b) | Instructions will be required for any action requested of the Custodian. Instructions shall continue in full force and effect until canceled (if possible) or executed. |
| (c) | The Custodian shall be entitled to rely upon any Instructions it receives from an Authorized Person (or from a person reasonably believed by the Custodian to be an Authorized Person) pursuant to this Agreement. |
| (d) | The Custodian may assume that any Instructions received hereunder are not in any way inconsistent with the provisions of organizational documents of the Client or of any vote, resolution, or proper authorization and that the Client is authorized to take the actions specified in the Instructions. |
| (e) | Client must verify all transaction information prior to submitting Instructions to the Custodian. The Custodian shall have no duty to inquire into or investigate the validity, accuracy or content of any Instructions. |
| (f) | If any Instructions are ambiguous, incomplete, or conflicting, Custodian may refuse to execute such Instructions until any ambiguity, incompleteness, or conflict has been resolved. Custodian may refuse to execute Instructions if, in its sole opinion, such Instructions are outside the scope of its duties under this Agreement or are contrary to any Applicable Law. |
| (g) | Client is responsible for Losses (as defined below) resulting from inaccurate Instructions (e.g., if Client provides the wrong destination address for executing a withdrawal transaction). Custodian does not guarantee the identity of any user, receiver, requestee, or other party to a Custody Transaction. Custodian shall have no liability whatsoever for failure to perform pursuant to such Instructions except in the case of Custodian’s gross negligence, fraud, or willful misconduct. |
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| 2.4. | Digital Asset Deposits and Withdrawals. |
| (a) | Prior to initiating a deposit of Digital Assets to Custodian, Client must confirm that Custodian offers Custodial Services for that specific Digital Asset. The list of supported Digital Assets is currently available at: https://www.bitgo.com/resources/coins. The foregoing list or foregoing URL may be updated or changed from time to time in Custodian’s sole discretion. By initiating a deposit of Digital Assets to a Custodial Account, Client attests that Client has confirmed that the Digital Asset being transferred is supported by Custodian. |
| (b) | Client must initiate any withdrawal request through Client’s Custodial Account to a Client wallet address. Custodian will process withdrawal requests for amounts under $250,000, either in a single transaction or aggregated in a series of transactions, during a rolling 24 hour period without video verification, to a Client-whitelisted address which has been previously used to which Client has made a withdraw to at least once. The time of such a request shall be considered the time of transmission of such notice from Client’s Custodial Account. Custodian reserves the right to request video verification for any transaction or series of transactions under the threshold of $250,000. Custodian will require video verification for withdrawal requests greater than $250,000 or requests made to a new address, either in a single transaction or aggregated in a series of transactions, during a rolling 24 hour period; provided, Custodian can require video calls for amounts less than $250,000 if it deems necessary for security, compliance, or any other purposes in its sole discretion. The initiation of the 24 hour time period to process the withdrawal request shall be considered at the time at which client completes video verification. |
| (c) | As further set forth in Section 3.5, Client must manage and keep secure any and all information or devices associated with deposit and withdrawal procedures, including YubiKeys and passphrases or other security or confirmation information. Custodian reserves the right to charge or pass through network fees (e.g. miner fees or validator fees) to process a Digital Asset transaction on Client’s behalf. Custodian will notify Client of the estimated network fee at or before the time Client authorizes the transaction. |
| 2.5. | Digital Asset Access Time. |
| (a) | Custodian requires up to 24 hours (excluding weekends and US federal holidays) between any request to withdraw Digital Assets from Client’s Custodial Account and submission of Client’s withdrawal to the applicable Digital Asset network. |
| (b) | Custodian reserves the right to take additional time beyond the 24 hour period if such time is required to verify security processes for large or suspicious transactions. Any such processes will be executed reasonably and in accordance with Custodian documented protocols, which may change from time to time at the sole discretion of Custodian. |
| (c) | Custodian makes no representations or warranties with respect to the availability and/or accessibility of the Digital Assets. Custodian will make reasonable efforts to ensure that Client initiated deposits are processed in a timely manner, but Custodian makes no representations or warranties regarding the amount of time needed to complete processing of deposits which is dependent upon factors outside of Custodian’s control. |
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| 2.6. | Supported Digital Assets. The Custodial Services are available only in connection with those Digital Assets that Custodian supports (list currently available at https://www.bitgo.com/resources/coins). The Digital Assets that Custodian supports may change from time to time in Custodian’s discretion. Custodian assumes no obligation or liability whatsoever regarding any unsupported Digital Asset sent or attempted to be sent to it, or regarding any attempt to use the Custodial Services for Digital Assets that Custodian does not support. Custodian may, from time to time, determine types of Digital Assets that will be supported or cease to be supported by the Custodial Services. Custodian will use commercially reasonable efforts to provide Client with thirty (30) days’ prior written notice before ceasing to support a Digital Asset, unless Custodian is required to cease such support sooner to comply with Applicable Law or in the event such support creates an urgent security or operational risk in Custodian’s reasonable discretion (in which event Custodian will provide as much notice as is practicable under the circumstances). Under no circumstances should Client attempt to use the Custodial Services to deposit or store any Digital Assets that are not supported by Custodian. Depositing or attempting to deposit Digital Assets that are not supported by Custodian will result in such Digital Asset being unretrievable by Client and Custodian. |
| 2.7. | Advanced Protocols. Unless specifically announced on the Custodian or Company website, Custodian does not support airdrops, side chains, or other derivative, enhanced, or forked protocols, tokens, or coins which supplement or interact with a Digital Asset supported by Custodian (collectively, “Advanced Protocols”). Client shall not use its Custodial Account to attempt to receive, request, send, store, or engage in any other type of transaction involving an Advanced Protocol. Custodian assumes absolutely no responsibility whatsoever in respect to Advanced Protocols. |
| 2.8. | Operation of Digital Asset Protocols. |
| (a) | Custodian does not own or control the underlying software protocols which govern the operation of Digital Assets supported on the Custodian platform. By using the Custodial Services, Client acknowledges and agrees that (i) Custodian is not responsible for operation of the underlying protocols and that Custodian makes no guarantee of their functionality, security, or availability; and (ii) the underlying protocols are subject to sudden changes in operating rules (a.k.a. “forks”), and (iii) that such forks may materially affect the value, function, and/or even the name of the Digital Assets that Client stores in Client’s Custodial Account. In the event of a fork, Client agrees that Custodian may temporarily suspend Custodian operations with respect to the affected Digital Assets (with or without advance notice to Client) and that Custodian may, in its sole discretion, decide whether or not to support (or cease supporting) either branch of the forked protocol entirely. Client acknowledges and agrees that Custodian assumes absolutely no liability whatsoever in respect of an unsupported branch of a forked protocol or its determination whether or not to support a forked protocol. |
| (b) | Client agrees that all “airdrops” (free distributions of certain Digital Assets) and forks will be handled by Custodian pursuant to its fork policy (the “Fork Policy”) (currently available at www.bitgo.com/resources/bitgo-fork-policy). Client acknowledges that Custodian is under no obligation to support any airdrops or forks, or handle them in any manner, except as detailed above and in the Fork Policy. Client further acknowledges that Custodian, at its sole discretion, may update the Fork Policy from time to time and/or the URL at which it is available and Client agrees that Client is responsible for reviewing any such updates. Client is under no obligation to provide notification to Client of any modification to the Fork Policy. |
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| 2.9. | Account Statements. |
| (a) | Custodian will provide Client with an electronic account statement every calendar quarter. Each statement will be provided via the Custodian’s website and notice of its posting will be sent via electronic mail. |
| (b) | The Client will have forty-five (45) days to file any written objections or exceptions with the Custodian after the posting of a Custodial Account statement online. If the Client does not file any objections or exceptions within a forty-five (45) day period, this shall indicate the Client’s approval of the statement and will preclude the Client from making future objections or exceptions regarding the information contained in the statement. Such approval by the Client shall be full acquittal and discharge of Custodian regarding the transactions and information on such statement. |
| (c) | To value Digital Assets held in the Client’s account, the Custodian will electronically obtain USD equivalent prices from digital asset market data with amounts rounded up to the seventh decimal place to the right. Custodian cannot guarantee the accuracy or timeliness of prices received and the prices are not to be relied upon for any investment decisions for the Client’s account. |
| 2.10. | Independent Verification. If Client is subject to Rule 206(4)-2 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, Custodian shall, upon written request, provide Client’s authorized independent public accountant confirmation of, or access to, information sufficient to confirm (i) Client’s Digital Assets as of the date of an examination conducted pursuant to Rule 206(4)-2(a)(4), and (ii) Client’s Digital Assets are held either in a separate account under Client’s name or in accounts under Client’s name as agent or trustee for Client’s clients. |
| 2.11. | Support and Service Level Agreement. Custodian will use commercially reasonable efforts: (i) to provide reasonable technical support to Client, by email or telephone, during Custodian’s normal business hours (9:30 AM to 6 PM ET); (ii) to respond to support requests in a timely manner; (iii) resolve such issues by providing updates and/or workarounds to Client (to the extent reasonably possible and practical), consistent with the severity level of the issues identified in such requests and their impact on Client’s business operations; (iv) abide by the terms of the Service Level Agreement currently made available at https://www.bitgo.com/resources/bitgo- service-level-agreement (as Service Level Agreement or the URL at which it is made available may be amended from time to time); and (vii) to make Custodial Accounts available via the internet 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. |
| 2.12. | Clearing and Settlement Services. |
| (a) | Custodian may offer clearing and settlement services (the “Settlement Services”) that facilitate the settlement of transactions of Digital Assets or Fiat Currency between Client and Client’s trade counterparty that also has a Custodial Account with Custodian (“Settlement Partner”). Client acknowledges that the Settlement Service is an API product complemented by a Web user interface (UI). Clients may utilize the Settlement Services by way of settlement of one-sided requests with counterparty affirmation or one-sided requests with instant settlement; and two-sided requests with reconciliation. Client understands that the Digital Assets available for use within the Settlement Services may not include all of Client’s Digital Assets under custody. For the avoidance of doubt, use of the API product is subject to the terms and conditions set forth in Section 1.4 of this Agreement. |
| (b) | The Settlement Services allow Client to submit, through the Custodian’s settlement platform, a request to settle a purchase or sale of Digital Assets with a Settlement Partner. Client authorizes Custodian to accept Client’s cryptographic signature submitted by way of the Settlement Services API. When a cryptographic signature is received by way of the Settlement Services along with the settlement transaction details, Client is authorizing Custodian to act on Client’s direction to settle such transaction. |
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| i. | A one-sided request with counterparty affirmation requires Client to submit a request, including its own cryptographic signature on the trade details, via API calls. Custodian will notify the Settlement Partner and lock funds of both parties while waiting for the Settlement Partner to affirm the request. Custodian will settle the trade immediately upon affirmation and the locked funds will be released. |
| ii. | A one-sided request with instant settlement requires one side of the trade to submit a request, including cryptographic signatures of both parties to the trade, via API calls. Custodian will settle the trade immediately. |
| iii. | A two-sided request with reconciliation requires that both Client and Settlement Partner submit requests via API calls, with each party providing their own cryptographic signatures. Custodian will reconcile the trades and settle immediately upon successful reconciliation. |
| iv. | In any one-sided or two sided request, the Settlement Partner must be identified and selected by Client prior to submitting a settlement request. |
| v. | Client may submit a balance inquiry through the settlement platform, to verify that Settlement Partner has a sufficient balance of Digital Asset to be transacted before the Parties execute a transaction. This balance inquiry function is to be utilized only for the purpose of executing a trade transaction to ensure the Settlement Partner has sufficient fiat currency (funds) or Digital Assets to settle the transaction. Client hereby expressly authorizes and consents to Custodian providing access to such information to Client’s Settlement Partner in order to facilitate the settlement. |
| vi. | Client and Settlement Partner’s Custodial Accounts must have sufficient funds or Digital Assets prior to initiating any settlement request. The full amount of assets required to fulfill a transaction are locked until such order has been completed. All orders are binding on Client and Client’s Custodial Account. Custodian does not guarantee that any settlement will be completed by any Settlement Partner. Client may not be able to withdraw an offer (or withdraw its acceptance of an offer) prior to completion of a settlement and Custodian shall not be liable for the completion of any order after a cancellation request has been submitted. |
| vii. | Client acknowledges and accepts responsibility for ensuring only an appropriate Authorized Person of its Custodial Account has access to the API key(s). |
| viii. | Client further understands and agrees that Client is solely responsible for any decision to enter into a settlement by way of the Settlement Services, including the evaluation of any and all risks related to any such transaction and has not relied on any statement or other representation of Custodian. Client understands that Custodian is a facilitator and not a counterparty to any settlement; and, as a facilitator, Custodian bears no liability with respect to any transaction and does not assume any clearing risk. |
| ix. | Any notifications that Client may receive regarding the Settlement Services are Client’s responsibility to review in a timely manner. |
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| (c) | Upon execution of the settlement, the Settlement Services shall provide Client, by electronic means, a summary of the terms of the transaction, including: the type of Digital Asset purchased or sold; the delivery time; and the purchase or sale price. Settlement of a transaction is completed in an off- chain trading account by way of offsetting journal transactions within Custodian’s Digital Asset Off- chain Settlement System. On-chain synchronization occurs at the time the withdrawal from Client’s trading account takes place (other than through a subsequent Settlement Services transaction). |
| (d) | Custodian reserves the right to refuse to settle any transaction, or any portion of any transaction, for any reason, at its sole discretion. Custodian bears no responsibility if any such order was placed or active during any time the Settlement Services system is unavailable or encounters an error; or, if any such order triggers certain regulatory controls. |
| (e) | Client understands and agrees that Custodian may charge additional fees for the Settlement Services furnished to Client as indicated in the Fee Schedule attached as Schedule A and any amendments to Schedule A. |
| (f) | Clearing and settlement transactions shall be subject to all Applicable Law. |
| 3. | USE OF SERVICES. |
| 3.1. | Company Site and Content. Custodian hereby grants Client a limited, nonexclusive, non transferable, revocable, royalty-free license, subject to the terms of this Agreement, to access and use the Company Site and related content, materials, information (collectively, the “Content”) solely for using the Services in accordance with this Agreement. Any other use of the Company Site or Content is expressly prohibited and all other right, title, and interest in the Company Site or Content is exclusively the property of Custodian and its licensors. Client shall not copy, transmit, distribute, sell, license, reverse engineer, modify, publish, or participate in the transfer or sale of, create derivative works from, or in any other way exploit any of the Content, in whole or in part. “www.bitgo.com,” “BitGo,” “BitGo Custody,” and all logos related to the Custodial Services or displayed on the Company Site are either trademarks or registered marks of Custodian or its licensors. Client may not copy, imitate or use them without Custodian’s prior written consent in each instance. |
| 3.2. | Website Accuracy. Although Custodian intends to provide accurate and timely information on the Company Site, the Company Site (including, without limitation, the Content, but excluding any portions thereof that are specifically referenced in this Agreement) may not always be entirely accurate, complete, or current and may also include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. In an effort to continue to provide Client with as complete and accurate information as possible, such information may be changed or updated from time to time without notice, including without limitation information regarding Custodian policies, products and services. Accordingly, Client should verify all information before relying on it, and all decisions based on information contained on the Company Site are Client’s sole responsibility and Custodian shall have no liability for such decisions. Links to third-party materials (including without limitation websites) may be provided as a convenience but are not controlled by Custodian. Custodian is not responsible for any aspect of the information, content, or services contained in any third-party materials or on any third-party sites accessible from or linked to the Company Site. |
| 3.3. | Third-Party or Non-Permissioned Users. Client acknowledges that granting permission to a third party or non-permissioned user to take specific actions on Client’s behalf does not relieve Client of any of Client’s responsibilities under this Agreement and may violate the terms of this Agreement. Client is fully responsible for all activities taken on Client’s Custodial Account (including, without limitation, acts or omissions of any third party or non-permissioned user with access to Client’s Custodial Account). Further, Client acknowledges and agrees that Client will not hold Custodian responsible for, and will indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Custodian Indemnitees (as defined below) from and against any Losses arising out of or related to any act or omission of any party using Client’s Custodial Account (including, without limitation, acts or omissions of any third party or non-permissioned user with access to Client’s Custodial Account). Client must notify Custodian immediately if a third party or non-permissioned user accesses or connects to Client’s Custodial Account by contacting Client’s Custodial Account representative or by emailing security@bitgo.com from the email address associated with Client’s Custodial Account. |
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| 3.4. | Prohibited Use. Client acknowledges and agrees that Custodian may monitor use of the Services and the resulting information may be utilized, reviewed, retained and or disclosed by Custodian in aggregated and non-identifiable forms for its legitimate business purposes or in accordance with Applicable Law. Client will not use the Services, directly or indirectly via the Developer Application, to: (i) upload, store or transmit any content that is infringing, libelous, unlawful, tortious, violate privacy rights, or that includes any viruses, software routines or other code designed to permit unauthorized access, disable, erase, or otherwise harm software, hardware, or data; (ii) engage in any activity that interferes with, disrupts, damages, or accesses in an unauthorized manner the Services, servers, networks, data, or other properties of Custodian or of its suppliers or licensors; (iii) develop, distribute, or make available the Developer Application in any way in furtherance of criminal, fraudulent, or other unlawful activity; (iv) make the Services available to, or use any Services for the benefit of, anyone other than Client or end users of the Developer Application; (v) sell, resell, license, sublicense, distribute, rent or lease any Services, or include any Services in a Services bureau or outsourcing offering; (vi) permit direct or indirect access to or use of any Services in a way that circumvents a contractual usage limit; (vii) obscure, remove, or destroy any copyright notices, proprietary markings or confidential legends; (viii) to build a competitive product or service; (ix) distribute the Developer Application in source code form in a manner that would disclose the source code of the Services; or (x) reverse engineer, decrypt, decompile, decode, disassemble, or otherwise attempt to obtain the human readable form of the Services, to the extent such restriction is permitted by applicable law. Client will comply with the restrictions set forth in Appendix 1. |
| 3.5. | Security; Client Responsibilities. |
| (a) | Client is responsible for maintaining adequate security and control of any and all Client Keys, IDs, passwords, hints, personal identification numbers , non-custodial wallet keys, API keys, yubikeys, 2-factor authentication devices or backups, or any other codes that Client uses to access the Services. Any loss or compromise of the foregoing information and/or Client’s personal information may result in unauthorized access to Client’s Custodial Account by third parties and the loss or theft of Digital Assets or Fiat Currency. Client is responsible for keeping Client’s email address and telephone number up to date in Client’s profile in order to receive any notices or alerts that Custodian may send Client. Custodian assumes no responsibility for any loss that Client may sustain due to compromise of login credentials due to no fault of Custodian and/or failure to follow or act on any notices or alerts that Custodian may send to Client. In the event Client believes Client’s Custodial Account information has been compromised, Client will contact Custodian Support immediately at security@bitgo.com. |
| (b) | Client will ensure that all Authorized Persons will be adequately trained to safely and securely access the Services, including understanding of general security principles regarding passwords and physical security of computers, keys, and personnel. |
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| (c) | Client will immediately notify Custodian of any unauthorized access, use or disclosure of Client’s Account credentials, or any relevant breach or suspected breach of security (including breach of Client’s systems, networks or developer applications). Client will provide Custodian with all relevant information Custodian reasonably requests to assess the security of the assets, Custodial Accounts and wallets. |
| 3.6. | Taxes. Client is solely responsible for any taxes applicable to any deposits or withdrawals Client conducts through the Custodial Services, and for withholding, collecting, reporting, and/or remitting the correct amount of taxes to the appropriate tax authorities. Client’s deposit and withdrawal history is available by accessing Client’s Custodial Account through the Company Site or by contacting Custodian directly. If Custodian or an affiliate of Custodian has a legal obligation to pay or collect taxes for which Client is responsible, Client will be invoiced for the relevant amount and Client will pay that amount unless Client provides the Custodian or relevant affiliate of Custodian with a valid tax exemption certificate authorized by the appropriate taxing authority. |
| 3.7. | Third Party Providers. Client acknowledges and agrees that the Services may be provided from time to time by, through or with the assistance of affiliates of or vendors to Custodian, including BitGo Inc. as described above. Custodian shall remain liable for its obligations under this Agreement in the event of any breach of this Agreement caused by such affiliates or any vendor. |
| 3.8. | Developer Applications. |
| (a) | Subject to Custodian’s acceptance of Client as a developer, and subject to Client’s performance of its obligations under this Agreement, Custodian grants Client a nonassignable, non-transferrable, revocable, personal and non-exclusive license under Custodian’s applicable intellectual property rights to use and reproduce the Custodian software development kit for Developer Applications. |
| (b) | Client agrees that all end users of any Developer Application will be subject to the same use restrictions that bind Client under this Agreement (including under Section 3.4 (Prohibited Use) and Appendix 1). |
| (c) | Client is solely responsible and has sole liability for Client’s end users that access or use the Services via the Developer Application and all acts or omissions taken by such end users will be deemed to have been taken (or not taken) by Client. Client is responsible for the accuracy, quality and legality of Developer Application content and user data. Client will comply with, and ensure that Client’s Developer Application and end users comply with all Applicable Law. |
| 4. | CUSTODIAN OBLIGATIONS. |
| 4.1. | Insurance. Custodian will obtain and/or maintain insurance coverage in such types and amounts as are commercially reasonable for the Custodial Services provided hereunder. Client acknowledges that any insurance related to theft of Digital Assets will apply to Custodial Services only (where keys are held by Custodian) and not Wallet Services for non-custodial accounts (where keys are held by Client). |
| 4.2. | Standard of Care. Custodian will use commercially reasonable efforts in performing its obligations under this Agreement. Subject to the terms of this Agreement, Custodian shall not be responsible for any loss or damage suffered by Client as a result of the Custodian performing such duties unless the same results from an act of gross negligence, fraud, or willful misconduct on the part of the Custodian. Custodian shall not be responsible for the title, validity or genuineness of any of the Digital Assets or Fiat Currency (or any evidence of title thereto) received or delivered by it pursuant to this Agreement. |
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| 4.3. | Business Continuity Plan. Custodian has established a business continuity plan that will support its ability to conduct business in the event of a significant business disruption (“SBD”). This plan is reviewed and updated annually, and can be updated more frequently, if deemed necessary by Custodian in its sole discretion. Should Custodian be impacted by an SBD, Custodian aims to minimize business interruption as quickly and efficiently as possible. To receive more information about Custodian’s business continuity plan, please send a written request to security@bitgo.com. |
| 5. | TERM; TERMINATION. |
| 5.1. | Initial Term; Renewal Term. This Agreement will commence on the Effective Date and will continue for one (1) year, unless earlier terminated in accordance with the terms of this Agreement (the “Initial Term”). After the Initial Term, this Agreement will automatically renew for successive one-year periods (each a “Renewal Term”), unless either party notifies the other of its intention not to renew at least sixty (60) days prior to the expiration of the then-current Term. “Term” means the Initial Term and any Renewal Term. |
| 5.2. | Termination for Breach. Either party may terminate this Agreement if the other party breaches a material term of this Agreement and fails to cure such breach within thirty (30) calendar days following written notice thereof from the other party. |
| 5.3. | Suspension, Termination, or Cancellation by Custodian. |
| (a) | Custodian may suspend or restrict Client’s access to the Custodial Services and/or deactivate, terminate or cancel Client’s Custodial Account if: |
| i. | Custodian is so required by a facially valid subpoena, court order, or binding order of a government authority; |
| ii. | Custodian reasonably suspects Client of using Client’s Custodial Account in connection with a Prohibited Use or Prohibited Business, as set forth in Appendix 1 to this Agreement; |
| iii. | Custodian perceives a risk of legal or regulatory non-compliance associated with Client’s Custodial Account activity or the provision of the Custodial Account to Client by Custodian (including but not limited to any risk perceived by Custodian in the review of any materials, documents, information, statements or related materials provided by Client after execution of this Agreement); |
| iv. | Custodian service partners are unable to support Client’s use; |
| v. | Client takes any action that Custodian deems as circumventing Custodian’s controls, including, but not limited to, opening multiple Custodial Accounts, abusing promotions which Custodian may offer from time to time, or otherwise misrepresenting of any information set forth in Client’s Custodial Account; |
| vi. | Client fails to pay fees for a period of 90 days; or |
| vii. | Client fails to fund its Custodial Account to the “Minimum Account Balance” as indicated in the Fee Schedule within one hundred and eighty (180) days of Custodial Account opening. |
| (b) | If Custodian suspends or restricts Client’s access to the Custodial Services and/or deactivates, terminates or cancels Client’s Custodial Account for any reason, Custodian will provide Client with notice of Custodian’s actions via email unless prohibited by Applicable Law. Client acknowledges that Custodian’s decision to take certain actions, including limiting access to, suspending, or closing Client’s Custodial Account, may be based on confidential criteria that are essential to Custodian’s compliance, risk management, or and security protocols. Client agrees that Custodian is under no obligation to disclose the details of any of its internal risk management and security procedures to Client. |
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| (c) | If Custodian terminates Client’s Custodial Account, this Agreement will automatically terminate on the later of (i) the effective date of such cancellation or (ii) the date on which all of Client’s funds are withdrawn. |
| 5.4. | Effect of Termination. On termination of this Agreement, (A) Client will shall withdraw Digital Assets and Fiat Currency associated with Client’s Custodial Account within ninety (90) days after Custodial Account termination or cancellation unless such withdrawal is prohibited by Applicable Law (including but not limited to applicable sanctions programs or a facially valid subpoena, court order, or binding order of a government authority); (B) Client will pay all fees owed or accrued to Custodian through the date of Client’s withdrawal of funds, which may include any applicable withdrawal fee; (C) Client authorizes Custodian to cancel or suspend any pending deposits or withdrawals as of the effective date of termination; and (D) the definitions set forth in this Agreement and Sections 1.6, 1.7, 5.4, 6, 8, 9.1, 10, 11, and 12 will survive. |
| 5.5. | Early Termination. Client may terminate this Agreement before the end of the current term if Client: (a) provides Custodian at least thirty (30) days written notice of Client’s intent to exercise its termination right under this Section, (b) pays all outstanding amounts due under this Agreement through the date of termination and (c) pays a one-time early termination fee equal to the highest monthly fees due, excluding any Onboarding Fee, for any month of Services before such termination multiplied by the number of months remaining in the term, including partial months (the “Early Termination Fee”). Such termination will not be deemed effective unless and until (1) Client removes all assets from Custodial Accounts and Wallet Services, and (2) BitGo receives such Early Termination Fee, which Client understands and acknowledges will not be deemed a penalty but a figure reasonably calculated to reflect remaining payment due to Custodian in return for Client’s term commitment. Client may not cancel the subscription of Services before the expiration of their current term, except as specified herein. |
| 6. | DISPUTE RESOLUTION. THE PARTIES AGREE THAT ALL CONTROVERSIES ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE USE OF THE SERVICES (“DISPUTES”), WHETHER ARISING PRIOR, ON, OR SUBSEQUENT TO THE EFFECTIVE DATE, SHALL BE ARBITRATED AS FOLLOWS: The Parties irrevocably agree to submit all Disputes between them to binding arbitration conducted under the Commercial Dispute Resolution Procedures of the American Arbitration Association (the “AAA”), including the Optional Procedures for Large Complex Commercial Disputes. The place and location of the arbitration shall be in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. All arbitration proceedings shall be closed to the public and confidential and all related records shall be permanently sealed, except as necessary to obtain court confirmation of the arbitration award. The arbitration shall be conducted before a single arbitrator selected jointly by the parties. The arbitrator shall be a retired judge with experience in custodial and trust matters under South Dakota law. If the parties are unable to agree upon an arbitrator, then the AAA shall choose the arbitrator. The language to be used in the arbitral proceedings shall be English. The arbitrator shall be bound to the strict interpretation and observation of the terms of this Agreement and shall be specifically empowered to grant injunctions and/or specific performance and to allocate between the parties the costs of arbitration, as well as reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs, in such equitable manner as the arbitrator may determine. Judgment upon the award so rendered may be entered in any court having jurisdiction or application may be made to such court for judicial acceptance of any award and an order of enforcement, as the case may be. In no event shall a demand for arbitration be made after the date when institution of a legal or equitable proceeding based upon such claim, dispute or other matter in question would be barred by the applicable statute of limitations. Notwithstanding the foregoing, either party shall have the right, without waiving any right or remedy available to such party under this Agreement or otherwise, to seek and obtain from any court of competent jurisdiction any interim or provisional relief that is necessary or desirable to protect the rights or property of such party, pending the selection of the arbitrator hereunder or pending the arbitrator’s determination of any dispute, controversy or claim hereunder. |
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| 7. | REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES, AND COVENANTS. |
| 7.1. | By Client. Client represents, warrants, and covenants to Custodian that: |
| (a) | Client operates in full compliance with all Applicable Law in each jurisdiction in which Client operates, including without limitation applicable securities and commodities laws and regulations, efforts to fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering, sanctions regimes, licensing requirements, and all related regulations and requirements. |
| (b) | To the extent Client creates receive addresses to receive Digital Assets from third-parties, Client represents and warrants that the receipt of said Digital Assets is based on lawful activity. |
| (c) | Client shall have conducted and satisfied any and all due diligence procedures required by Applicable Law with respect to such third parties prior to placing with Custodian any Digital Assets or Fiat Currency associated with such third party. |
| (d) | Client will not use any Services for any illegal activity, including without limitation illegal gambling, money laundering, fraud, blackmail, extortion, ransoming data, the financing of terrorism, other violent activities or any prohibited market practices, including without limitation the prohibited activities and business set forth in Appendix 1. |
| (e) | Client is currently and will remain at all times in good standing with all relevant government agencies, departments, regulatory or supervisory bodies in all relevant jurisdictions in which Client does business and Client will immediately notify Custodian if Client ceases to be in good standing with any applicable regulatory authority; |
| (f) | Client will promptly provide such information as Custodian may reasonably request from time to time regarding: (i) Client’s policies, procedures, and activities which relate to the Custodial Services in any manner, as determined by Custodian in its sole and absolute discretion; and (ii) any transaction which involves the use of the Services, to the extent reasonably necessary to comply with Applicable Law, or the guidance or direction of, or request from any regulatory authority or financial institution, provided that such information may be redacted to remove confidential commercial information not relevant to the requirements of this Agreement; |
| (g) | Client either owns or possesses lawful authorization to transact with all Digital Assets involved in the Custody Transactions; |
| (h) | Client has the full capacity and authority to enter into and be bound by this Agreement and the person executing or otherwise accepting this Agreement for Client has full legal capacity and authorization to do so; |
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| (i) | All information provided by Client to Custodian in the course of negotiating this Agreement and the on-boarding of Client as Custodian’s customer and user of the Custodial Services is complete, true, and accurate in all material respects, including with respect to the ownership of Client, no material information has been excluded; and no other person or entity has an ownership interest in Client except for those disclosed in connection with such onboarding; and |
| (j) | Client is not owned in part or in whole, nor controlled by any person or entity that is, nor is it conducting any activities on behalf of, any person or entity that is (i) the subject of any sanctions administered or enforced by the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control, the U.S. Department of State, or any other Governmental Authority with jurisdiction over Custodian or its affiliates with respect to U.S. sanctions laws; (ii) identified on the Denied Persons, Entity, or Unverified Lists of the U.S. Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Industry and Security; or (iii) located, organized or resident in a country or territory that is, or whose government is, the subject of U.S. economic sanctions, including, without limitation, the Crimean, Donetsk, and Luhansk regions of Ukraine, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, or Syria. |
| 7.2. | By Custodian. Custodian represents, warrants, and covenants to Client that: |
| (a) | Custodian will safekeep the Digital Assets and segregate all Digital Assets from both the (i) property of Custodian, and (ii) assets of other customers of Custodian, except for Digital Assets specifically moved into shared accounts by Client; |
| (b) | Custodian will maintain adequate capital and reserves to the extent required by Applicable Law; |
| (c) | Custodian is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the applicable South Dakota laws, has all corporate powers required to carry on its business as now conducted, and is duly qualified to do business in each jurisdiction where such qualification is necessary; and |
| (d) | Custodian has the full capacity and authority to enter into and be bound by this Agreement and the person executing or otherwise accepting this Agreement for Custodian has full legal capacity and authorization to do so. |
| 7.3. | Notification. Without limitation of either party’s rights or remedies, each party shall immediately notify the other party if, at any time after the Effective Date, any of the representations, warranties, or covenants made by it under this Agreement fail to be true and correct as if made at and as of such time. Such notice shall describe in reasonable detail the representation, warranty, or covenant affected, the circumstances giving rise to such failure and the steps the notifying party has taken or proposes to take to rectify such failure. |
| 8. | DISCLAIMER. EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED IN THIS AGREEMENT AND TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE SERVICES ARE PROVIDED ON AN “AS IS” AND “AS AVAILABLE” BASIS WITHOUT ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY, WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY. TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, CUSTODIAN SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF TITLE, MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND/OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. CUSTODIAN DOES NOT MAKE ANY REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES THAT ACCESS TO THE COMPANY SITE, ANY PART OF THE SERVICES, OR ANY OF THE MATERIALS CONTAINED IN ANY OF THE FOREGOING WILL BE CONTINUOUS, UNINTERRUPTED, OR TIMELY; BE COMPATIBLE OR WORK WITH ANY SOFTWARE, SYSTEM OR OTHER SERVICES; OR BE SECURE, COMPLETE, FREE OF HARMFUL CODE, OR ERROR-FREE. |
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| 9. | CONFIDENTIALITY, PRIVACY, DATA SECURITY. |
| 9.1. | Confidentiality. |
| (a) | As used in this Agreement, “Confidential Information” means any non-public, confidential or proprietary information of a party (“Discloser”) including, without limitation information relating to Discloser’s business operations or business relationships, financial information, pricing information, business plans, customer lists, data, records, reports, trade secrets, software, formulas, inventions, techniques, and strategies. A party receiving Confidential Information of Discloser (“Recipient”) will not disclose it to any unrelated third party without the prior written consent of the Discloser, except as provided in subsection (B) below and has policies and procedures reasonably designed to create information barriers with respect to such party’s officers, directors, agents, employees, affiliates, consultants, contractors and professional advisors. Recipient will protect such Confidential Information from unauthorized access, use and disclosure. Recipient shall not use Discloser’s Confidential Information for any purpose other than to perform its obligations or exercise its rights under this Agreement. The obligations herein shall not apply to any (i) information that is or becomes generally publicly available through no fault of Recipient, (ii) information that Recipient obtains from a third party (other than in connection with this Agreement) that, to recipient’s best knowledge, is not bound by a confidentiality agreement prohibiting such disclosure; or (iii) information that is independently developed or acquired by Recipient without the use of or reference to Confidential Information of Discloser. |
| (b) | Notwithstanding the foregoing, Recipient may disclose Confidential Information of Discloser to the extent required under Applicable Law; provided, however, Recipient shall first notify Discloser (to the extent legally permissible) and shall afford Discloser a reasonable opportunity to seek a protective order or other confidential treatment. For the purposes of this Agreement, no affiliate of Custodian shall be considered a third party and Custodian may share Client’s Confidential Information with affiliates, as authorized by Client; provided that Custodian causes such entity to undertake the obligations in this Section 9.1. |
| (c) | Confidential Information includes all documents and other tangible objects containing or representing Confidential Information and all copies or extracts thereof or notes derived therefrom that are in the possession or control of Recipient and all of the foregoing shall be and remain the property of the Discloser. Confidential Information shall include the existence and the terms of this Agreement. At Discloser’s request or on termination of this Agreement (whichever is earlier), Recipient shall return or destroy all Confidential Information; provided, however, Recipient may retain one copy of Confidential Information (i) if required by law or regulation, or (ii) pursuant to a bona fide and consistently applied document retention policy; provided, further, that in either case, any Confidential Information so retained shall remain subject to the confidentiality obligations of this Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, aggregated Depersonalized Information (as hereinafter defined) shall not be Confidential Information. “Depersonalized Information’’ means data provided by or on behalf of Client in connection with the Custodial Services and all information that is derived from such data, that has had names and other personal information removed such that it is not reasonably linkable to any person, company, or device. |
| 9.2. | Privacy. Client acknowledges that Client has read the BitGo Privacy Notice, available at https://www.bitgo.com/privacy. |
| 9.3. | Security. Custodian has implemented and will maintain a reasonable information security program that includes policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to safeguard Custodian’s electronic systems and Client’s Confidential Information from, among other things, unauthorized disclosure, access, or misuse, including, by Custodian and its affiliates. In the event of a data security incident Custodian will provide all notices required under Applicable Law. |
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| 10. | INDEMNIFICATION. |
| 10.1. | Indemnity. Client will defend, indemnify and hold harmless Custodian, its affiliates and service providers, and each of its or their respective officers, directors, agents, employees, and representatives, from and against any liabilities, damages, losses, costs and expenses, including but not limited to reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs resulting from any third-party claim, demand, action or proceeding (a “Claim”) arising out of or related to Client’s (i) use of Services; (ii) breach of this Agreement, or (iii) violation of any Applicable Law in connection with its use of Services. |
| 10.2. | Indemnification Process. |
| (a) | Custodian will (i) provide Client with prompt notice of any indemnifiable Claim under Section 10.1 (provided that the failure to provide prompt notice shall only relieve Client of its obligation to the extent it is materially prejudiced by such failure and can demonstrate such prejudice); (ii) permit Client to assume and control the defense of such action upon Client’s written notice to Custodian of Client’s intention to indemnify, with counsel acceptable to Custodian in its reasonable discretion; and (iii) upon Client’s written request, and at no expense to Custodian, provide to Client all available information and assistance reasonably necessary for Client to defend such Claim. Custodian shall be permitted to participate in the defense and settlement of any Claim with counsel of Custodian’s choice at Custodian’s expense (unless such retention is necessary because of Client’s failure to assume the defense of such Claim, in which event Client shall be responsible for all such fees and costs). Client will not enter into any settlement or compromise of any such Claim, which settlement or compromise would result in any liability to any Custodian Indemnitee or constitute any admission of or stipulation to any guilt, fault or wrongdoing, without Custodian’s prior written consent. |
| (b) | Client acknowledges and agrees that any Losses imposed on Custodian (whether in the form of fines, penalties, or otherwise) as a result of a violation by Client of any Applicable Law, may at Custodian’s discretion, be passed on to Client and Client acknowledges and represents that Client will be responsible for payment to Custodian of all such Losses. |
| 11. | LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY. |
| 11.1. | NO CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW AND SUBJECT TO THE EXCEPTIONS PROVIDED IN SECTION 11.3 BELOW, IN NO EVENT SHALL CUSTODIAN, ITS AFFILIATES AND SERVICE PROVIDERS, OR ANY OF THEIR RESPECTIVE OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, AGENTS, EMPLOYEES OR REPRESENTATIVES, BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST PROFITS OR ANY SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT, INTANGIBLE, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT, TORT, NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, OR OTHERWISE, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH AUTHORIZED OR UNAUTHORIZED USE OF THE COMPANY SITE OR THE SERVICES, OR THIS AGREEMENT, EVEN IF CUSTODIAN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF OR KNEW OR SHOULD HAVE KNOWN OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. |
| 11.2. | LIMITATION ON DIRECT DAMAGES. TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW AND SUBJECT TO THE EXCEPTIONS PROVIDED IN SECTION 11.3 BELOW, IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AGGREGATE LIABILITY OF CUSTODIAN, ITS AFFILIATES AND SERVICE PROVIDERS, OR ANY OF THEIR RESPECTIVE OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, AGENTS, EMPLOYEES OR REPRESENTATIVES, EXCEED THE FEES PAID OR PAYABLE TO CUSTODIAN UNDER THIS AGREEMENT DURING THE 3- MONTH PERIOD IMMEDIATELY PRECEDING THE FIRST INCIDENT GIVING RISE TO SUCH LIABILITY. |
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| 11.3. | EXCEPTIONS TO EXCLUSIONS AND LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY. THE EXCLUSIONS AND LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY IN SECTION 11.1 AND SECTION 11.2 WILL NOT APPLY TO CUSTODIAN’S FRAUD, WILLFUL MISCONDUCT, OR GROSS NEGLIGENCE. CUSTODIAN’S LIABILITY FOR GROSS NEGLIGENCE SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE VALUE OF THE AFFECTED DIGITAL ASSETS OR FIAT CURRENCY. |
| 12. | MISCELLANEOUS. |
| 12.1. | Notice. All notices under this Agreement shall be given in writing, in the English language, and shall be deemed given when personally delivered, when sent by email, or three days after being sent by prepaid certified mail or internationally recognized overnight courier to the addresses set forth in the signature blocks below (or such other address as may be specified by party following written notice given in accordance with this Section). |
| 12.2. | Publicity. Client hereby consents to Custodian’s identification of Client as a customer of the Services, including in marketing and/or investor materials, and Custodian hereby consents to Client’s use of Custodian’s name and/or approved logos or promotional materials to identify Custodian as its custodial service provider as contemplated by this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Custodian may revoke its consent to such publicity under this Section at any time for any reason, and upon notice, Client will cease any further use of Custodian’s name, logos, and trademarks and remove all references and/or postings identifying Custodian as soon as possible. |
| 12.3. | Entire Agreement. This Agreement, any appendices or attachments to this Agreement, the BitGo Privacy Policy, and all disclosures, notices or policies available on the BitGo website that are specifically referenced in this Agreement, comprise the entire understanding and agreement between Client and Custodian as to the Custodial Services, and supersedes any and all prior discussions, agreements, and understandings of any kind (including without limitation any prior versions of this Agreement) and every nature between and among Client and Custodian with respect to the subject matter hereof. Section headings in this Agreement are for convenience only and shall not govern the meaning or interpretation of any provision of this Agreement. |
| 12.4. | Computer Viruses. Custodian shall not bear any liability, whatsoever, for any damage or interruptions caused by any computer viruses, spyware, scareware, Trojan horses, worms or other malware that may affect Client’s computer or other equipment, or any phishing, spoofing or other attack, unless such damage or interruption directly resulted from Custodian’s gross negligence, fraud, or willful misconduct. Custodian advises the regular use of a reputable and readily available virus screening and prevention software. Client should also be aware that SMS and email services are vulnerable to spoofing and phishing attacks and should use care in reviewing messages purporting to originate from Custodian. Client should always log into Client’s Custodial Account through the Company Site to review any deposits or withdrawals or required actions if Client has any uncertainty regarding the authenticity of any communication or notice. |
| 12.5. | No Waiver. The waiver by a party of any breach or default will not constitute a waiver of any different or subsequent breach or default. |
| 12.6. | Amendments. Any modification or addition to this Agreement must be in a writing signed by a duly authorized representative of each of the parties. Client agrees that Custodian shall not be liable to Client or any third party for any modification or termination of the Custodial Services, or suspension or termination of Client’s access to the Custodial Services, except to the extent otherwise expressly set forth herein. |
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| 12.7. | Assignment. Client may not assign any rights and/or licenses granted under this Agreement without the prior written consent of Custodian. Custodian may not assign any of its rights without the prior written consent of Client; except that Custodian may assign this Agreement without the prior consent of Client to any Custodian affiliates or subsidiaries or pursuant to a transfer of all or substantially all of Custodian’s business and assets, whether by merger, sale of assets, sale of stock, or otherwise. Any attempted transfer or assignment in violation hereof shall be null and void. Subject to the foregoing, this Agreement will bind and inure to the benefit of the parties, their successors, and permitted assigns. |
| 12.8. | Severability. If any provision of this Agreement shall be determined to be invalid or unenforceable, such provision will be changed and interpreted to accomplish the objectives of the provision to the greatest extent possible under any applicable law and the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Agreement shall not be affected. |
| 12.9. | Survival. All provisions of this Agreement which by their nature extend beyond the expiration or termination of this Agreement, including, without limitation, sections pertaining to suspension or termination, Custodial Account cancellation, debts owed to Custodian, general use of the Company Site, disputes with Custodian, indemnification, and general provisions, shall survive the termination or expiration of this Agreement. |
| 12.10. | Governing Law. The laws of the State of South Dakota, without regard to principles of conflict of laws, will govern this Agreement and any claim or dispute that has arisen or may arise between Client and Custodian, except to the extent governed by federal law of the United States of America. |
| 12.11. | Force Majeure. Custodian shall not be liable for delays, suspension of operations, whether temporary or permanent, failure in performance, or interruption of service which result directly or indirectly from any cause or condition beyond the reasonable control of Custodian, including but not limited to, any delay or failure due to any act of God, natural disasters, act of civil or military authorities, act of terrorists, including but not limited to cyber-related terrorist acts, hacking, government restrictions, exchange or market rulings, civil disturbance, war, strike or other labor dispute, fire, interruption in telecommunications or Internet services or network provider services, failure of equipment and/or software, other catastrophe or any other occurrence which are beyond the reasonable control of Custodian. |
| 12.12. | Relationship of the Parties. Nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed or is intended to be deemed, nor shall it cause, Client and Custodian to be treated as partners, joint ventures, or otherwise as joint associates for profit, or either Client or Custodian to be treated as the agent of the other. |
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank. Signature page follows.]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement is executed as of the Effective Date.
| BITGO TRUST COMPANY, INC. | Mill City Ventures III, Ltd. | |||
| By: | /s/ Adam Sporn | By: | /s/ Joseph Geraci | |
| Name: | Adam Sporn | Name: | Joseph Geraci | |
| Title: | Managing Director - Head of Institutional Sales BitGo | Title: | Chief financial officer | |
| Date: | 26 July 2025 | Date: | 26 July 2025 | |
| Address for Notice: | Address for Notice: | 1907 Wayzata Blvd #205 | |
| Wayzata MN 55391 | |||
| 6216 Pinnacle Place | Attn: | Nick/Joe | |
| Suite 101 | Email: | ||
| Sioux Falls, SD 57108 | |||
| Attn: Legal | |||
| Email: legal@bitgo.com |
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APPENDIX 1: PROHIBITED USE, PROHIBITED BUSINESSES AND CONDITIONAL USE
1.1 Prohibited Use. Client may not use Client’s Custodial Account to engage in the following categories of activity (“Prohibited Uses”). The Prohibited Uses extend to any third party that gains access to the Custodial Services through Client’s account or otherwise, regardless of whether such third party was authorized or unauthorized by Client to use the Custodial Services associated with the Custodial Account. The specific types of use listed below are representative, but not exhaustive. If Client is uncertain as to whether or not Client’s use of Custodial Services involves a Prohibited Use, or have questions about how these requirements applies to Client, please contact Custodian at trustonboarding@bitgo.com.
By opening a Custodial Account, Client confirms that Client will not use Client’s Custodial Account to do any of the following:
| ● | Unlawful Activity: Activity which would violate, or assist in violation of any law, statute, ordinance, or regulation, sanctions programs administered in the countries where Custodian conducts business, including, but not limited to, the U.S. Department of Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”), or which would involve proceeds of any unlawful activity; publish, distribute or disseminate any unlawful material or information. |
| ● | Abusive Activity: Actions which impose an unreasonable or disproportionately large load on Custodian’s infrastructure, or detrimentally interfere with, intercept, or expropriate any system, data, or information; transmit or upload any material to the Site that contains viruses, Trojan horses, worms, or any other harmful or deleterious programs; attempt to gain unauthorized access to the Site, other Custodial Accounts, computer systems or networks connected to the Site, through password mining or any other means; use Custodial Account information of another party to access or use the Site; or transfer Client’s Custodial Account access or rights to Client’s Custodial Account to a third party, unless by operation of law or with the express permission of Custodian. |
| ● | Abuse Other Users: Interfere with another Custodian user’s access to or use of any Custodial Services; defame, abuse, extort, harass, stalk, threaten or otherwise violate or infringe the legal rights (such as, but not limited to, rights of privacy, publicity and intellectual property) of others; incite, threaten, facilitate, promote, or encourage hate, racial intolerance, or violent acts against others; harvest or otherwise collect information from the Site about others, including, without limitation, email addresses, without proper consent. |
| ● | Fraud: Activity which operates to defraud Custodian, Custodian users, or any other person; provide any false, inaccurate, or misleading information to Custodian. |
| ● | Gambling: Lotteries; bidding fee auctions; sports forecasting or odds making; fantasy sports leagues with cash prizes; Internet gaming; contests; sweepstakes; games of chance. |
| ● | Intellectual Property Infringement: Engage in transactions involving items that infringe or violate any copyright, trademark, right of publicity or privacy or any other proprietary right under the law, including but not limited to sales, distribution, or access to counterfeit music, movies, software, or other licensed materials without the appropriate authorization from the rights holder; use of Custodian intellectual property, name, or logo, including use of Custodian trade or service marks, without express consent from Custodian or in a manner that otherwise harms Custodian, or Custodian’s brand; any action that implies an untrue endorsement by or affiliation with Custodian. |
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| ● | Written Policies: Client may not use the Custodial Account or the Custodial Services in a manner that violates, or is otherwise inconsistent with, any operating instructions promulgated by Custodian. |
1.2. Prohibited Businesses. The following categories of businesses, business practices, and sale items are barred from the Custodial Services (“Prohibited Businesses”). The specific types of use listed below are representative, but not exhaustive. If Client is uncertain as to whether or not Client’s use of the Custodial Services involves a Prohibited Business or has questions about how these requirements apply to Client, please contact us at trustonboarding@bitgo.com.
By opening a Custodial Account, Client confirms that Client will not use the Custodial Services in connection with any of the following businesses, activities, practices, or items:
| ● | Individuals convicted of an offense related to drug trafficking, financial crimes, arms trafficking, human smuggling, or human trafficking |
| ● | Individuals or entities that own or operate virtual currency mixers or wallets with built-in mixers. |
| ● | Shell banks (a shell bank is a financial institution that does not have a physical presence in any country, unless it is controlled by, or is under common control with, a depository institution, credit union, or another foreign financial institution that maintains a physical presence either in the U.S. or a foreign country). |
| ● | Anonymous and fictitiously named accounts |
| ● | Companies that issue bearer shares. |
| ● | Business involved in the sale of narcotics or controlled substances. |
| ● | Any individual or entity designated under any trade, economic, or financial sanctions laws, regulations, embargoes, or restrictive measures imposed, administered, or enforced by the U.S. or the United Nations, including Specially Designated Nationals (“SDNs”) and Blocked Persons. |
| ● | Any unlicensed/unregulated banks, remittance agents, exchanges houses, casa de cambio, bureaux de change or money transfer agents. |
| ● | Individuals and entities who trade in conflict diamonds, which are rough diamonds that have not been certified in accordance with the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme. |
| ● | Individuals and entities designated as a Primary Money Laundering Concern by the U.S. Treasury under Section 311 of the USA PATRIOT Act. |
| ● | Any foreign banks operating with a banking license issued by a foreign country that has been designated as non-cooperative with international AML principles or procedures by FATF; or a banking license issued by a foreign country that has been designated by the Secretary of the Treasury as warranting special measures due to money laundering concerns. |
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SCHEDULE A: FEE SCHEDULE
This Schedule A forms part of the Custodial Services Agreement by and between Client and Custodian (the “Agreement”). The monthly minimum fee adjustment is effective as of the Effective Date. The parties hereto agree that the fees associated with the Custodial Services for Client shall be as set forth below. All capitalized terms not defined herein shall have the meaning ascribed to that term in the Agreement.
| 1. | Onboarding Fee. The Client implementation fee set forth below is a one-time, flat fee assessed to cover onboarding and implementation costs (the “Onboarding Fee”): The Onboarding Fee will be $ due upon the Schedule Effective Date. |
| 2. | Monthly Minimum Fee. Aggregate monthly fees (Digital Asset Storage Fees + Transaction Fees + Settlement Fees) are subject to a minimum charge of $ (“Monthly Minimum Fee”) per month. |
| 3. | Digital Asset Storage Fee. The “Digital Asset Storage Fee” is calculated at the end of each calendar month based on the aggregate USD market value of average holdings held by Client in (i) Custodial Accounts and (ii) wallets provided as Wallet Services. |
The Digital Asset Storage Fee is a tiered fee, as applicable, as defined in the schedule below. Tiers are cumulative.
| Digital Asset Storage Fee1: | ||
| Range of Digital Assets Stored ($ USD) | Basis Points (bps) | |
| 4. | Transaction Fee. Transaction Fees are tiered, as applicable, as defined in the schedule below. Transaction Fees are cumulative and as defined in the schedule below, based on the aggregate USD market value of the Transaction Volume (i.e., all outgoing transactions from Custodial Accounts and Wallet Services) during that month. Tiers are cumulative. |
| 1 | Digital Asset Storage Fees are assessed at the end of each calendar month based on the USD volume of average holdings (per asset type) and are billed monthly. |
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| Transaction Fee2: | ||
| Range of Transaction Volume ($ USD) | Basis Points (bps) | |
For the purpose of calculating fees please consult: https://www.bitgo.com/resources/price-feeds for current information on how BitGo computes USD value of digital currencies.
| 5. | Minimum Account Balance. Client will fund its Custodial Account and maintain a balance equivalent to $100 (“Minimum Account Balance”) at all times during the term of the Agreement pursuant to Section 5.3. |
| 6. | Staking Services Fees (where available). As described in the additional terms and conditions applicable to Staking Services at https://www.bitgo.com/legal/staking-and-delegation-services-terms. |
| 7. | Optional Services. Client may order the following additional Service by initialing below: |
N/A Customer API Endpoint: $ per month
| 8. | Payment Terms. Client shall pay such fees and expenses to Custodian within 7 days after the date of Custodian’s invoice. Invoices may be provided by electronic delivery. Payments shall be made to Custodian in U.S. Dollars or Bitcoin. If any invoice is disputed in good faith, Client shall pay all undisputed amounts and the disputed amount will be due and payable within 7 days after any such dispute has been resolved either by agreement of the parties or in accordance with dispute resolution procedures in the Agreement. All late payments and any disputed payments made after the resolution of such dispute shall bear interest accruing from the original payment due date through the date that such amounts are paid at the lower interest rate of (A) 1.0% per month and (B) the highest interest rate allowed by Applicable Law. Notwithstanding the foregoing, failure to pay fees and expenses by Client 45 days after the date of Custodian’s invoice (or the date enumerated in the Fee Schedule) for undisputed payments, or 45 days after the resolution of disputed amounts, shall constitute a material breach of the Agreement. Client agrees that, without limitation of Custodian’s other rights and remedies, Custodian shall have the right and authority, in its discretion, to liquidate any and all Digital Assets in Client’s Account to cover any unpaid fees and expenses. |
If a correct taxpayer number is not provided to Custodian, Client understands and agrees that Client may be subject to backup withholding tax at the appropriate rate on any interest and gross proceeds paid to the account for the benefit of Client. Backup withholding taxes are sent to the appropriate taxing authority and cannot be refunded by Custodian.
| 9. | Initial Payment. Concurrent with the execution of the Agreement, Client shall make an up- front payment to Custodian of an amount equal to the Onboarding Fee plus one Monthly Minimum Fee. The Initial Payment is non-refundable, and the Monthly Minimum Fee component thereof shall be applied only towards the first month of Service Fees owed by Client under the Agreement. |
| 2 | Transaction Fees are calculated on outgoing transactions only. For clarity, transfers by Client to Non-custodial wallets offered under the Agreement under Client’s account will not be assessed Transaction Fees. Transaction Fees are also exclusive of any network fees charged by the underlying blockchain. |
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Exhibit 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this Amendment No.1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of our report dated March 7, 2025, with respect to the financial statements included in the Annual Report of Mill City Ventures III, Ltd. on the Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. We also consent to the reference to us under the heading “Experts” in such Registration Statement.
/s/ Boulay PLLP
Boulay PLLP
Minneapolis, Minnesota
August 27, 2025